direct_v and_o restrain_v the_o swell_a of_o that_o censure_n and_o make_v it_o keep_v measure_n who_o tenant_n and_o officer_n and_o servant_n must_v not_o be_v meddle_v with_o by_o this_o censure_n but_o by_o the_o king_n be_v lief_o nor_o must_v they_o be_v call_v to_o answer_v but_o in_o the_o king_n court._n that_o right_o still_o remain_v to_o they_o after_o the_o spoil_n make_v by_o the_o hierarchy_n upon_o the_o right_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o freeman_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o of_o right_a be_v call_v nova_fw-la in_o the_o historian_n sense_n see_v that_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o ancient_a custom_n use_v among_o the_o saxon_n before_o that_o the_o clergy_n have_v either_o purpose_n or_o power_n to_o reach_v at_o such_o a_o height_n as_o afterward_o by_o degree_n they_o attain_v unto_o furthermore_o the_o hierarchy_n as_o they_o neither_o can_v possess_v the_o legislative_a nor_o juridical_a power_n in_o church-matter_n so_o neither_o can_v they_o possess_v themselves_o for_o as_o yet_o they_o be_v the_o king_n man_n and_o the_o more_o the_o king_n man_n because_o they_o now_o think_v a_o bishopric_n but_o a_o naked_a commodity_n if_o not_o robe_a with_o a_o barony_n nevertheless_o before_o that_o ever_o they_o know_v that_o honour_n whatever_o the_o canon_n be_v for_o their_o election_n yet_o both_o their_o title_n and_o power_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v derive_v to_o they_o from_o the_o king_n who_o also_o invest_v they_o with_o staff_n and_o ring_n nor_o have_v the_o pope_n as_o yet_o though_o he_o have_v conquer_v the_o hierarchy_n possess_v himself_o of_o their_o colour_n but_o during_o all_o the_o norman_a time_n the_o king_n maintain_v that_o trophy_n of_o the_o right_n they_o have_v from_o their_o predecessor_n notwithstanding_o the_o many_o assault_n from_o rome_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o cathedral_n within_o the_o realm_n 142._o and_o albeit_o sometime_o king_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o hold_v the_o shadow_n yet_o the_o convention_n of_o the_o state_n do_v maintain_v the_o substance_n viz._n the_o right_a of_o election_n without_o intermission_n as_o the_o example_n of_o lanfrank_n unto_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n and_o anselm_n and_o ralph_n his_o successor_n and_o of_o thomas_n into_o the_o see_v of_o york_n and_o ralph_n coadjutor_n to_o thurstan_n archbishop_n of_o the_o same_o see_v and_o of_o gilbert_n into_o the_o see_v of_o london_n beside_o other_o do_v sufficient_o set_v forth_o whether_o it_o be_v because_o the_o convention_n of_o state_n be_v more_o stout_a or_o that_o the_o bishop_n now_o wed_v to_o temporal_a barony_n be_v so_o unquestionable_o interest_v in_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o it_o be_v against_o common_a sense_n to_o deny_v the_o state_n their_o vote_n and_o cognizance_n of_o their_o election_n i_o can_v determine_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a truth_n the_o more_o baron_n the_o less_o bishop_n and_o more_o unmeet_a for_o the_o service_n of_o rome_n politic_o therefore_o it_o be_v do_v by_o king_n to_o hold_v these_o man_n by_o a_o golden_a hook_n that_o otherwise_o have_v prostitute_v themselves_o to_o a_o foreign_a power_n and_o prove_v absolute_a deserter_n of_o their_o country_n cause_n which_o now_o they_o must_v maintain_v under_o peril_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o own_o honour_n in_o the_o next_o place_n as_o they_o be_v the_o king_n man_n so_o their_o bishopric_n and_o diocese_n be_v under_o the_o king_n power_n to_o order_n as_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o baronage_n shall_v be_v think_v most_o convenient_a either_o to_o endow_v another_o bishop_n with_o part_n thereof_o 96._o and_o so_o to_o make_v two_o diocese_n of_o one_o as_o befall_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o lincoln_n out_o of_o which_o the_o diocese_n of_o ely_n bud_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o or_o to_o endow_v a_o monastery_n or_o other_o religious_a foundation_n with_o part_n and_o exempt_v the_o same_o from_o all_o episcopal_a or_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n as_o in_o the_o example_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o battle_n in_o sussex_n in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 165._o may_v appear_v last_o whatever_o the_o first_o intention_n of_o this_o recite_v statute_n be_v it_o may_v probable_o be_v judge_v that_o it_o be_v but_o a_o noise_n to_o still_o the_o clergy_n and_o that_o it_o never_o have_v more_o than_o a_o liveless_a shape_n not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o beforementioned_a particular_n but_o especial_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o subservient_fw-fr law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o concern_v the_o county-court_n which_o recite_v it_o as_o a_o custom_n in_o his_o time_n use_v that_o the_o bishop_n and_o earl_n â—_o with_o other_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o that_o county_n be_v there_o present_a as_o assistant_n in_o directory_n of_o judgement_n and_o that_o in_o order_n be_v handle_v first_o matter_n of_o the_o church_n second_o crown-plea_n three_o and_o last_o common-plea_n however_o therefore_o the_o king_n speak_v fair_a they_o either_o act_v not_o at_o all_o or_o so_o cool_o as_o the_o current_n of_o the_o custom_n be_v too_o strong_a but_o most_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n speak_v fair_a till_o they_o be_v settle_v in_o their_o throne_n and_o afterward_o please_v themselves_o for_o by_o the_o general_a thread_n of_o story_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o clergy_n in_o those_o time_n be_v more_o fear_v than_o love_v and_o therefore_o ride_v with_o a_o strait_n rein._n the_o prelacy_n on_o the_o contrary_n grow_v unruly_a yet_o too_o weak_a for_o the_o rugged_a spirit_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n they_o be_v glad_a to_o be_v quiet_a and_o the_o pope_n himself_o to_o drive_v fair_a and_o soft_o as_o judge_v it_o expedient_a potestatem_fw-la regalem_fw-la mitius_fw-la tractandam_fw-la 9_o and_o continue_v that_o course_n and_o posture_n till_o the_o calm_a time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o wherein_o they_o mend_v their_o pace_n 95._o and_o get_v that_o without_o noise_n which_o they_o have_v long_o strive_v for_o viz._n the_o pre-eminence_n and_o presidency_n in_o the_o synod_n though_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v present_a and_o if_o the_o historian_n write_v advise_o the_o whole_a ordain_v or_o legislative_a power_n for_o so_o run_v the_o stile_n or_o phrase_n of_o the_o author_n archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la statuerunt_fw-la in_o praesentia_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o if_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o baron_n and_o people_n be_v but_o as_o a_o great_a amen_o at_o the_o common-prayer_n after_o the_o old_a stamp_n to_o set_v a_o good_a colour_n upon_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n to_o make_v it_o go_v down_o the_o better_a how_o the_o king_n brook_v this_o draught_n i_o can_v say_v but_o it_o have_v make_v the_o kingdom_n stagger_v ever_o since_o and_o it_o may_v be_v fear_v will_v hardly_o recover_v its_o perfect_a wit_n so_o long_o as_o the_o brain_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o laity_n thus_o lie_v divide_v in_o several_a cell_n chap._n xlviii_o of_o the_o several_a subservient_fw-fr jurisdiction_n by_o province_n march_n county_n hundred_o burrough_n lordship_n and_o decennary_n have_v the_o norman_n own_v no_o other_o title_n than_o that_o of_o conquest_n doubtless_o their_o mother-wit_n must_v needs_o have_v teach_v they_o the_o expediency_n of_o preserve_v the_o particular_a subservient_fw-fr jurisdiction_n of_o the_o kingdom_n entire_a and_o unquash_v if_o they_o regard_v either_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o conquest_n or_o reward_v of_o their_o partner_n and_o ally_n unless_o it_o shall_v be_v allow_v unto_o conqueror_n to_o be_v more_o honourable_a for_o they_o to_o do_v what_o they_o will_v rather_o than_o what_o be_v meet_v but_o hereof_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o question_n in_o this_o present_a subject_n for_o nothing_o be_v more_o clear_a than_o that_o wales_n enjoy_v in_o the_o conquerour_n time_n and_o for_o age_n after_o he_o its_o ancient_a liberty_n tribute_n except_v nor_o do_v conquest_n ever_o come_v so_o nigh_o to_o their_o border_n as_o to_o trench_v upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o march_n for_o as_o it_o have_v be_v a_o piece_n of_o state-nonsence_n to_o have_v hold_v two_o sort_n of_o people_n under_o conquest_n and_o their_o march_n in_o freedom_n or_o to_o preserve_v they_o in_o good_a neighbourhood_n by_o march_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o conquest_n be_v make_v one_o so_o be_v it_o no_o less_o vain_a if_o all_o have_v be_v once_o subdue_v by_o conquest_n to_o have_v raise_v up_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o march_v any_o more_o and_o as_o they_o have_v less_o cause_n to_o have_v invade_v the_o bound_n and_o ancient_a limit_n and_o partition_n of_o the_o county_n county-courts_a so_o questionless_a have_v they_o so_o do_v they_o will_v have_v take_v the_o old_a course_n of_o the_o micklemote_a 96._o as_o they_o do_v divide_v
come_v nigh_o unto_o the_o push_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o king_n ready_a for_o the_o spoil_n of_o both_o the_o baron_n and_o clergy_n sudden_o close_a their_o file_n and_o like_o a_o stone-wall_n stand_v firm_a to_o each_o other_o till_o the_o king_n weary_v with_o successless_a labour_n be_v glad_a to_o give_v and_o take_v breath_n confirm_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n by_o his_o charter_n which_o be_v now_o call_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 1215._o for_o substance_n and_o give_v such_o collateral_a security_n for_o performance_n on_o his_o part_n as_o do_v let_v the_o world_n know_v the_o thing_n be_v as_o just_a as_o himself_o have_v be_v unjust_a the_o worst_a point_n in_o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o people_n get_v their_o own_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o re_fw-mi disseisin_n a_o desperate_a remedy_n for_o a_o desperate_a condition_n wherein_o the_o commonwealth_n than_o lie_v between_o life_n and_o death_n upon_o the_o rack_n of_o the_o will_n of_o a_o king_n that_o will_v be_v control_v by_o nothing_o but_o his_o own_o appetite_n and_o be_v in_o the_o end_n devour_v by_o it_o chap._n lviii_o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n from_o the_o conquest_n and_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o several_a king_n under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v comprehend_v all_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o great_a eminency_n for_o birth_n or_o wisdom_n and_o learning_n and_o advancement_n into_o place_n of_o government_n and_o honour_n these_o be_v in_o the_o saxon_n time_n the_o flower_n of_o the_o people_n flourish_v only_o from_o the_o honour_n that_o ascend_v from_o beneath_o their_o deportment_n then_o be_v full_a of_o cheer_n and_o safety_n to_o the_o people_n after_o that_o royalty_n spring_v up_o the_o influence_n thereof_o upon_o they_o exhale_v such_o a_o reciprocal_a interest_n back_o again_o as_o make_v they_o less_o regardful_a of_o their_o own_o root_n whereas_o we_o see_v the_o more_o mature_a flower_n be_v the_o more_o propense_a to_o turn_v head_n and_o look_v downward_o to_o their_o own_o original_n this_o distemper_n be_v yet_o much_o worse_o by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n who_o nobility_n beside_o their_o title_n of_o honour_n in_o their_o own_o country_n obtain_v by_o custom_n such_o command_n and_o power_n among_o the_o mean_a sort_n be_v soldier_n under_o they_o in_o time_n of_o the_o service_n in_o the_o field_n that_o when_o the_o war_n have_v breathe_v out_o their_o last_o neither_o of_o they_o can_v forget_v or_o be_v very_o careful_a to_o lay_v aside_o this_o be_v observe_v by_o king_n and_o advantage_n espy_v to_o climb_v to_o the_o top_n of_o monarchy_n by_o the_o help_n of_o these_o great_a man_n who_o if_o they_o can_v make_v their_o own_o all_o will_v be_v they_o and_o therein_o they_o have_v prevail_v much_o more_o than_o they_o do_v if_o they_o have_v be_v wise_a enough_o to_o have_v maintain_v they_o in_o unity_n but_o in_o that_o fail_n the_o king_n be_v necessitate_v to_o take_v party_n and_o serve_v the_o nobility_n to_o save_v the_o main_a and_o thus_o continue_v they_o a_o considerable_a party_n in_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o norman_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o hundred_o year_n well-nigh_o to_o the_o prejudice_n both_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o prerogative_n of_o king_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o benefit_n of_o none_o but_o the_o lord_n who_o in_o those_o unquiet_a time_n be_v the_o chief_a commander_n in_o the_o field_n this_o error_n of_o the_o king_n be_v soon_o espy_v but_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v it_o be_v natural_a to_o man_n to_o be_v proud_a and_o to_o such_o to_o fall_v into_o contention_n another_o course_n therefore_o be_v take_v viz._n to_o raise_v up_o some_o so_o high_a as_o may_v overtop_n all_o and_o keep_v they_o under_o nor_o be_v it_o altogether_o without_o reason_n for_o king_n be_v no_o ubiquitary_n and_o some_o must_v bear_v their_o power_n where_o they_o can_v be_v personal_o present_a yet_o it_o be_v dangerous_a to_o bestow_v too_o much_o upon_o one_o man_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n fit_v to_o be_v a_o king_n but_o himself_o that_o be_v a_o king_n and_o where_o king_n be_v immoderate_a in_o bestow_v power_n it_o many_o time_n work_v much_o woe_n to_o the_o people_n and_o not_o seldom_o sorrow_n to_o the_o king_n themselves_o the_o place_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n be_v in_o show_v but_o one_o office_n yet_o in_o these_o time_n be_v in_o nature_n of_o the_o king_n lieutenant-general_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n a_o power_n and_o work_v too_o great_a for_o any_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n that_o can_v make_v no_o deputy_n to_o manage_v it_o and_o yet_o in_o those_o time_n you_o shall_v meet_v with_o one_o man_n make_v up_o of_o a_o archbishop_n a_o legate_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n 14._o or_o a_o bishop_n a_o lord_n chancellor_n a_o legate_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o a_o strange_a kind_n of_o government_n must_v that_o needs_o be_v wherein_o the_o servant_n throne_n be_v above_o his_o master_n and_o a_o subject_a shall_v have_v a_o plenitudinary_a power_n beyond_o that_o which_o his_o lord_n and_o king_n have_v or_o as_o the_o time_n than_o be_v be_v capable_a of_o by_o these_o and_o such_o like_a plurality_n the_o great_a man_n of_o england_n keep_v the_o commons_o below_o and_o themselves_o above_o and_o probable_o render_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n more_o aristocratical_a than_o in_o after-age_n and_o if_o their_o personal_a authority_n be_v of_o such_o value_n how_o much_o rather_o in_o their_o joint_a assembly_n or_o court_n of_o council_n concern_v which_o i_o must_v agree_v that_o as_o in_o their_o original_n in_o germany_n they_o do_v consult_v and_o determine_v of_o the_o mean_a matter_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o matter_n concern_v property_n and_o therefore_o be_v in_o their_o most_o ordinary_a work_v meeting_n of_o judge_n or_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o also_o matter_n of_o defensive_a war_n because_o themselves_o be_v the_o commander_n and_o last_o in_o matter_n of_o sudden_a concerment_n to_o the_o state_n not_o only_o to_o serve_v as_o eye_n to_o foresee_v but_o to_o provide_v also_o if_o they_o can_v or_o otherwise_o to_o call_v in_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o people_n advice_n so_o also_o they_o continue_v this_o course_n and_o it_o may_v be_v now_o and_o then_o as_o all_o council_n have_v do_v strain_v their_o endeavour_n beyond_o their_o reach_n especial_o since_o the_o norman_n entrance_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o they_o alone_o with_o the_o king_n and_o without_o the_o commons_o have_v make_v many_o law_n and_o constitution_n some_o of_o which_o now_o be_v call_v statute_n although_o many_o of_o they_o in_o truth_n be_v no_o other_o than_o rule_v for_o judicature_n which_o ordinary_a court_n may_v frame_v or_o judgement_n in_o particular_a case_n such_o as_o be_v the_o constitution_n at_o clarindon_n in_o henry_n the_o second_v time_n and_o many_o other_o law_n which_o be_v report_v to_o be_v make_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o lord_n nor_o can_v i_o look_v upon_o such_o law_n otherwise_o than_o as_o upon_o judgement_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o new_a point_n of_o controversy_n ground_v upon_o ancient_a ground_n which_o proper_o be_v not_o new_a law_n but_o the_o ancient_a rule_n apply_v to_o new_a particular_n and_o be_v so_o publish_v to_o the_o world_n may_v bear_v the_o name_n of_o law_n ordinance_n constitution_n or_o judgement_n the_o word_n statute_n be_v of_o latter_a time_n take_v up_o and_o use_v in_o a_o more_o restrictive_a sense_n of_o which_o more_o in_o their_o due_a place_n now_o that_o this_o court_n be_v a_o settle_a court_n of_o judicature_n and_o so_o use_v may_v appear_v 1175._o in_o that_o fine_n be_v levy_v therein_o and_o writ_n of_o right_o determine_v as_o in_o the_o great_a case_n between_o the_o two_o king_n of_o navarre_n and_o castilè_fw-la refer_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o ibid._n and_o try_v in_o this_o court_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o trial_n be_v by_o plea_n and_o if_o need_n be_v by_o battle_n the_o judge_n in_o this_o court_n be_v the_o baronage_n of_o england_n for_o the_o entry_n of_o judgement_n in_o that_o great_a case_n be_v thus_o comites_fw-la &_o barones_n regalis_fw-la curiae_fw-la angliae_fw-la adjudicaverunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o as_o though_o doubtless_o many_o be_v absent_a some_o be_v enemy_n other_o discontent_v other_o upon_o other_o occasion_n yet_o all_o may_v claim_v their_o vote_n as_o baron_n the_o precedent_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v the_o chief_a justice_n as_o if_o the_o king_n be_v present_a then_o himself_o and_o by_o he_o be_v the_o sentence_n or_o judgement_n
redemption_n of_o their_o captive_a king_n for_o knight_v of_o the_o king_n son_n and_o for_o his_o daughter_n marriage_n because_o these_o three_o may_v be_v due_a by_o the_o common-law_n the_o two_o latter_a by_o custom_n the_o former_a by_o common_a right_n although_o mention_v from_o the_o late_a disaster_n of_o king_n richard_n which_o king_n john_n may_v with_o shame_n enough_o remember_v and_o expect_v the_o same_o measure_n from_o the_o censure_n of_o a_o unquiet_a conscience_n i_o shall_v not_o enter_v into_o debate_n concern_v the_o omission_n hereof_o in_o the_o late_a charter_n possible_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o tautology_n nor_o concern_v the_o restriction_n as_o if_o it_o do_v imply_v that_o the_o burgess_n have_v vote_n only_o in_o case_n of_o general_a assessment_n but_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o reader_n no_o distress_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o great_a service_n or_o other_o matter_n than_o be_v due_a 12._o distress_n be_v in_o nature_n no_o other_o than_o a_o summons_n in_o act_n or_o the_o bring_n of_o a_o man_n to_o answer_v by_o seizure_n of_o part_n of_o his_o good_n and_o it_o be_v use_v by_o the_o saxon_n as_o have_v be_v show_v and_o because_o the_o rich_a man_n under_o colour_n of_o seek_v their_o right_n many_o time_n seek_v for_o wrong_n and_o though_o they_o can_v not_o prevail_v in_o the_o issue_n yet_o prevail_v so_o far_o that_o the_o defendant_n can_v not_o escape_v without_o charge_n and_o hindrance_n therefore_o the_o law_n provide_v a_o writ_n of_o remedy_n against_o unjust_a vexation_n 9_o which_o glanvil_n remember_v we_o of_o char._n and_o yet_o because_o that_o remedy_n also_o carry_v with_o it_o matter_n of_o charge_n and_o disturbance_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o so_o the_o remedy_n may_v be_v worse_o than_o the_o disease_n therefore_o the_o law_n define_v distress_n by_o circumstance_n of_o person_n matter_n time_n and_o place_n under_o penalty_n of_o fine_a and_o amercement_n 1._o beside_o the_o recompense_n to_o the_o party_n first_o it_o must_v not_o be_v take_v 8._o but_o by_o leave_n from_o the_o king_n court_n unless_o in_o case_n of_o matter_n due_a by_o common_a right_n and_o upon_o complaint_n make_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o king_n send_v out_o a_o summons_n in_o this_o manner_n 215._o henricus_fw-la rex_fw-la ang._n hominibus_fw-la abbatis_fw-la de_fw-fr ramsey_n salutem_fw-la precipio_fw-la quod_fw-la cito_fw-la &_o just_a reddatis_fw-la abbati_n domino_fw-la vestro_fw-la quicquid_fw-la ei_fw-la debetis_fw-la in_o censu_fw-la &_o firma_fw-la &_o debitis_fw-la &_o placitis_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la nolueritis_fw-la ipse_fw-la vos_fw-la inde_fw-la constringat_fw-la per_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la vestram_fw-la and_o in_o all_o case_n of_o matter_n due_a by_o common_a right_n the_o distress_n never_o be_v do_v in_o a_o arbitrary_a way_n 15._o but_o by_o judicial_a act_n in_o the_o lord_n court._n second_o no_o distress_n for_o suit_n shall_v be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o fee_n nor_o against_o any_o person_n but_o such_o as_o be_v of_o that_o fee._n nor_o shall_v any_o distress_n be_v make_v in_o the_o king_n highway_n or_o open_a street_n but_o by_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o special_a writ_n because_o distress_n be_v incident_a to_o service_n and_o that_o be_v due_a as_o from_o the_o fee_n and_o therefore_o by_o common_a right_n the_o same_o must_v be_v recover_v from_o the_o fee_n and_o such_o as_o owe_v service_n in_o the_o same_o but_o the_o highway_n or_o open_a street_n be_v more_o proper_o a_o franchise_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n although_o the_o soil_n haply_o may_v be_v the_o lord_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o old_a law_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v under_o the_o king_n safeguard_n inae_fw-la sit_fw-la pax_fw-la publica_fw-la per_fw-la commune_v vias_fw-la and_o no_o violence_n must_v be_v there_o tolerate_v but_o by_o the_o king_n be_v special_a writ_n which_o presuppose_v the_o especial_a notice_n take_v by_o the_o king_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o occasion_n a_o moderation_n also_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o take_n of_o the_o distress_n for_o it_o must_v not_o be_v excessive_a and_o also_o in_o keep_v thereof_o for_o if_o the_o owner_n will_v he_o may_v replevy_v the_o same_o 12._o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a course_n and_o the_o sheriff_n must_v grant_v replevy_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v although_o former_o no_o replevy_n be_v without_o special_a writ_n and_o yet_o that_o also_o not_o always_o ready_o obey_v for_o the_o time_n be_v such_o as_o the_o lord_n be_v bold_a with_o the_o king_n court_n and_o minister_n and_o refuse_v the_o order_n of_o the_o law._n now_o in_o such_o case_n wherein_o the_o matter_n concern_v contempt_n of_o the_o king_n authority_n chart._n a_o fine_a be_v set_v upon_o the_o offender_n but_o in_o case_n it_o concern_v only_o a_o tort_n do_v to_o the_o party_n he_o be_v amerce_v the_o one_o be_v call_v redemption_n because_o the_o penalty_n otherwise_o must_v lie_v upon_o the_o person_n if_o it_o be_v not_o redeem_v by_o pecuniary_a fine_a the_o other_o be_v call_v amercement_n 3_o which_o be_v original_o a_o satisfaction_n unto_o the_o party_n wrong_v by_o recompense_n out_o of_o the_o personal_a estate_n of_o the_o delinquent_n three_o as_o touch_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o distress_n it_o must_v not_o be_v of_o plough_n beast_n or_o sheep_n 12._o unless_o in_o case_n of_o damage_n fesant_n if_o other_o distress_n may_v be_v have_v for_o the_o law_n have_v a_o care_n of_o such_o cattle_n as_o be_v most_o of_o public_a concernment_n and_o which_o be_v the_o main_a stock_n of_o subsistence_n so_o far_o as_o justice_n will_v allow_v and_o therefore_o the_o unjust_a take_n of_o any_o man_n cattle_n by_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o penalty_n that_o unjust_a distress_n be_v 16._o four_o concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o distress_n it_o must_v not_o be_v sell_v no_o not_o in_o the_o king_n case_n till_o fifteen_o day_n be_v past_a after_o it_o be_v take_v nor_o must_v it_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o county_n scac._n but_o it_o must_v be_v so_o impound_v as_o the_o owner_n may_v come_v to_o feed_v it_o and_o it_o must_v be_v discharge_v if_o the_o owner_n give_v security_n of_o satisfaction_n before_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n 12._o five_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o distress_n must_v be_v that_o which_o be_v just_a and_o therefore_o not_o for_o other_o suit_n than_o by_o the_o feoffment_n be_v due_a or_o else_o by_o prescription_n and_o in_o case_n many_o be_v joint_o seize_v 9_o the_o suit_n shall_v be_v by_o one_o and_o the_o rest_n shall_v contribute_v nor_o must_v any_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o show_v his_o title_n to_o his_o land_n by_o distress_n 22._o the_o common-plea_n shall_v be_v hold_v in_o one_o certain_a place_n 13._o the_o office_n of_o judge_n of_o the_o common-plea_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n distinct_a and_o several_a from_o that_o of_o the_o crown-plea_n nor_o though_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n may_v execute_v both_o authority_n do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o power_n as_o if_o be_v judge_n he_o have_v thereby_o power_n in_o all_o matter_n of_o the_o common-plea_n and_o also_o of_o the_o crown_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o bracton_n say_v nostri_fw-la the_o king_n have_v one_o proper_a court_n wherein_o be_v the_o chief_a judge_n which_o both_o by_o his_o own_o testimony_n and_o briton_n also_o do_v hear_v and_o determine_v cause_n of_o all_o sort_n yet_o be_v it_o true_a also_o that_o it_o be_v by_o appeal_n or_o write_v of_o error_n as_o in_o case_n of_o false_a judgement_n and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v plures_fw-la curias_fw-la 20._o which_o doubtless_o have_v their_o proper_a work_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o six_o be_v especial_o assign_v for_o the_o common-plea_n throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o yet_o by_o another_o especial_a commission_n or_o letters-patent_n the_o same_o man_n may_v also_o have_v power_n to_o determine_v matter_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o at_o this_o day_n in_o their_o several_a circuit_n this_o law_n therefore_o do_v not_o as_o i_o conceive_v work_v any_o alteration_n but_o only_o in_o this_o that_o whereas_o former_o the_o judge_n of_o common-plea_n attend_v on_o the_o king_n court_n continual_o as_o all_o other_o judge_n do_v and_o whither_o the_o king_n remove_v they_o do_v the_o like_a which_o be_v a_o great_a uncertainty_n and_o grievance_n unto_o the_o commons_o henceforth_o they_o be_v fix_v to_o a_o certain_a place_n assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n and_o mortdancester_n shall_v be_v determine_v in_o the_o proper_a county_n only_o 14._o and_o by_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a send_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o chief_a justice_n the_o law_n be_v so_o declare_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v
the_o diocese_n of_o lincoln_n into_o two_o diocese_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o bishop_n prince_n and_o other_o wise_a and_o holy_a man_n and_o turn_v the_o abbey_n of_o ely_n into_o a_o bishop_n see._n but_o it_o be_v their_o wisdom_n to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a landmark_n 6._o and_o no_o less_o both_o wisdom_n and_o care_n to_o continue_v their_o due_a privilege_n and_o interest_n to_o each_o every_o county_n have_v its_o court_n and_o every_o court_n its_o wont_a jurisdiction_n no_o complaint_n must_v be_v to_o the_o king_n court_n 42._o if_o right_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o county_n no_o distress_n must_v be_v take_v but_o by_o warrant_n from_o the_o county_n 64._o and_o that_o must_v be_v after_o complaint_n thrice_o make_v the_o county-court_n must_v be_v call_v as_o our_o ancestor_n have_v appoint_v such_o as_o will_v not_o come_v as_o they_o ought_v shall_v be_v first_o summon_v and_o in_o case_n of_o default_n distrain_v at_o the_o four_o default_n the_o complainant_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o distress_n so_o take_v and_o the_o king_n also_o for_o his_o fine_a these_o be_v the_o express_a law_n of_o the_o conquerour_n own_o establishment_n 64._o the_o last_o of_o which_o also_o hen._n 1._o confirm_v by_o another_o express_a law_n save_v that_o he_o will_v allow_v but_o of_o two_o summons_n and_o two_o distress_n before_o execution_n and_o as_o it_o be_v one_o principal_a work_n that_o he_o undertake_v to_o reduce_v the_o law_n into_o course_n which_o have_v be_v intermit_v during_o the_o violent_a time_n of_o his_o father_n and_o brother_n the_o first_o of_o who_o never_o have_v liberty_n for_o reformation_n and_o the_o latter_a never_o have_v will_n so_o among_o other_o law_n he_o settle_v those_o concern_v the_o county-court_n namely_o 7._o 1._o that_o the_o bishop_n earls_z and_o chief_a man_n shall_v be_v present_a for_o direction_n 2._o that_o it_o shall_v be_v hold_v once_o each_o month_n 3._o that_o the_o church-matter_n shall_v precede_v and_o then_o the_o crown-plea_n and_o last_o the_o common-plea_n beside_o some_o other_o particular_n concern_v plead_v and_o proceed_n in_o the_o handle_n of_o cause_n neither_o be_v these_o cause_n of_o a_o petty_a regard_n only_o but_o of_o great_a concernment_n one_o example_n i_o shall_v remind_v the_o reader_n of_o and_o not_o recite_v in_o terminis_fw-la but_o refer_v to_o mr._n selden_n own_a pen._n the_o occasion_n be_v this_o odo_n the_o conquerour_n half_a brother_n 19â—_n be_v by_o he_o make_v earl_n of_o kent_n and_o therewith_o have_v the_o gift_n of_o a_o large_a territory_n in_o kent_n and_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o king_n displeasure_n at_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n stigand_n possess_v himself_o by_o disseism_n of_o divers_a land_n and_o tenement_n belong_v to_o that_o see._n lanfrank_a the_o succeed_a archbishop_n be_v inform_v hereof_o petition_v to_o the_o king_n that_o justice_n may_v be_v do_v he_o secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la and_o the_o king_n send_v forth_o his_o writ_n to_o summon_v a_o county-court_n the_o debate_n last_v three_o day_n before_o the_o free_a man_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o chief_a man_n bishop_n and_o lord_n and_o other_o skilful_a in_o the_o law_n and_o the_o judgement_n pass_v for_o the_o archbishop_n lanfrank_n upon_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o free_a man_n this_o county-court_n be_v hold_v by_o special_a summons_n and_o not_o by_o adjournment_n as_o be_v allowable_a by_o the_o saxon_a law_n upon_o special_a occasion_n and_o this_o suit_n be_v original_o begin_v and_o have_v its_o final_a determination_n in_o the_o county-court_n and_o not_o bring_v by_o a_o tolt_n out_o of_o the_o hundred-court_n as_o be_v suppose_v by_o a_o honourable_a reporter_n nor_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n can_v the_o suit_n commence_v in_o the_o hundred_o because_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n do_v lie_v in_o several_a hundred_o and_o counties_n the_o upshot_n of_o all_o be_v that_o the_o county-courts_a in_o those_o day_n be_v of_o so_o great_a esteem_n that_o two_o of_o the_o great_a peer_n of_o the_o realm_n one_o a_o norman_a the_o other_o a_o italian_a do_v cast_v a_o title_n in_o fifteen_o manor_n two_o township_n with_o many_o liberty_n upon_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o freeholders_n in_o a_o county-court_n and_o that_o the_o sentence_n be_v allow_v and_o commend_v by_o the_o king_n and_o submit_v to_o by_o all_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o come_v to_o the_o hundred-courts_a hundred-court_n of_o which_o there_o be_v by_o the_o norman_n allow_v two_o sort_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n this_o be_v former_o call_v the_o tear_v and_o be_v the_o sheriff_n court_n hereof_o little_a notice_n be_v take_v â—â—_o save_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o its_o work_n seem_v to_o be_v much_o design_v to_o the_o view_n of_o free_a pledge_n but_o the_o more_o ordinary_a court_n be_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o hundred_o unto_o who_o also_o belong_v the_o fine_n in_o case_n there_o concern_v 41._o this_o court_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v once_o in_o each_o month_n and_o no_o suit_n to_o be_v begin_v in_o the_o king_n court_n 7._o that_o regular_o aught_o to_o begin_v in_o the_o hundred_o 41._o no_o distringas_fw-la shall_v issue_v forth_o till_o three_o demand_n make_v in_o the_o hundred_o and_o three_o distress_n shall_v then_o issue_v forth_o and_o if_o upon_o the_o four_o the_o party_n appear_v not_o 42._o execution_n shall_v be_v by_o sale_n of_o the_o distress_n 64._o and_o the_o complainant_n shall_v receive_v satisfaction_n but_o by_o the_o latter_a law_n of_o the_o same_o king_n there_o be_v but_o two_o summons_n allow_v and_o then_o two_o distress_n and_o in_o case_n no_o appearance_n be_v execution_n shall_v be_v for_o the_o complainant_n and_o for_o the_o king_n be_v fine_a last_o as_o the_o case_n concern_v either_o person_n or_o place_n â—_o sometime_o they_o use_v to_o join_v several_a hundred_o together_o into_o one_o court_n but_o this_o be_v by_o special_a commission_n or_o writ_n as_o touch_v inferior_a court_n of_o town_n and_o manor_n there_o be_v little_a observation_n to_o be_v have_v manor_n be_v of_o too_o private_a a_o regard_n to_o come_v into_o fame_n in_o those_o rough_a time_n yet_o in_o hen._n the_o first_o be_v law_n it_o be_v order_v that_o town-courts_a shall_v meet_v every_o month_n 7._o and_o that_o lord_n shall_v hold_v plea_n either_o in_o their_o own_o person_n or_o by_o their_o steward_n and_o that_o the_o chief_a man_n in_o the_o parish_n with_o four_o other_o of_o the_o chief_a sort_n and_o the_o minister_n or_o parish-priest_n shall_v join_v their_o assistance_n in_o that_o work_n but_o in_o nothing_o more_o do_v the_o norman_a king_n show_v their_o paternal_a love_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n than_o in_o the_o law_n of_o pledge_n or_o decenner_n for_o as_o of_o all_o other_o beauty_n decenner_n this_o suffer_v most_o blemish_n from_o the_o storm_n of_o the_o norman_a invasion_n so_o be_v it_o their_o especial_a care_n to_o renew_v the_o life_n thereof_o not_o now_o among_o the_o native_n only_o but_o join_v the_o norman_n to_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o same_o bond_n of_o brotherhood_n utter_o drown_v thereby_o all_o memory_n of_o lordly_a power_n and_o so_o of_o divers_a people_n make_v one_o conquer_v even_o conquest_n itself_o if_o any_o be_v and_o make_v all_o joynt-partner_n in_o one_o common_a liberty_n every_o freeman_n must_v be_v under_o pledge_n to_o satisfy_v justice_n 64._o in_o case_n of_o delinquency_n over_o every_o nine_o person_n under_o pledge_n 8._o there_o must_v be_v one_o man_n in_o authority_n view_v of_o free_a pledge_n must_v be_v to_o see_v that_o the_o decennary_n be_v full_a and_o if_o any_o be_v depart_v to_o inquire_v the_o cause_n and_o if_o any_o be_v come_v in_o whether_o he_o be_v under_o pledge_n or_o not_o and_o thus_o the_o norman_a king_n have_v their_o people_n under_o treble_a guard_n one_o of_o fealty_n the_o other_o of_o association_n and_o the_o three_o that_o of_o pledge_n and_o all_o little_a enough_o to_o secure_v that_o which_o they_o in_o their_o own_o conscience_n may_v have_v some_o cause_n to_o question_v whether_o it_o belong_v to_o they_o or_o not_o chap._n xlix_o of_o the_o immunity_n of_o the_o saxon_a freeman_n under_o the_o norman_a government_n the_o freedom_n of_o a_o englishman_n consist_v in_o three_o particular_n first_o in_o ownership_n of_o what_o he_o have_v second_o in_o vote_v any_o law_n whereby_o that_o ownership_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o three_o in_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o that_o judicatory_a power_n that_o must_v apply_v that_o law._n now_o that_o the_o english_a under_o the_o norman_n enjoy_v all_o this_o freedom_n unto_o each_o man_n be_v own_o particular_a beside_o what_o
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direction_n as_o by_o stipulation_n he_o be_v bind_v if_o he_o be_v likewise_o under_o the_o law_n in_o case_n of_o transgression_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o his_o comites_fw-la or_o peer_n hitherto_o certain_o a_o english_a king_n be_v but_o primus_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la and_o not_o supra_fw-la totum_fw-la and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n he_o skip_v high_o he_o afterward_o fall_v low_o for_o it_o be_v the_o lot_n of_o these_o time_n to_o have_v lord_n that_o be_v bend_v to_o work_v the_o people_n to_o regard_v their_o own_o liberty_n in_o which_o the_o lord_n have_v first_o wrap_v up_o their_o own_o claim_n thus_o come_v the_o counsel_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v notorious_o exorbitant_a to_o be_v scan_v and_o to_o bring_v these_o into_o frame_n all_o run_v out_o of_o frame_n the_o baron_n war_n arise_v and_o thrive_v according_a as_o interest_n do_v concentre_v more_o or_o less_o the_o issue_n be_v like_a that_o of_o a_o draw_a battle_n wherein_o he_o that_o continue_v last_o in_o the_o field_n be_v glad_a to_o be_v go_v away_o and_o so_o the_o title_n be_v leave_v to_o be_v try_v upon_o the_o next_o advantage_n that_o shall_v arise_v yet_o have_v king_n get_v one_o step_n forward_o to_o their_o design_n which_o be_v in_o that_o they_o now_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o a_o divide_a baronage_n it_o be_v the_o birth_n of_o ambition_n and_o it_o be_v nourish_v by_o the_o same_o milk_n for_o those_o that_o side_n with_o the_o king_n be_v become_v magnifico_n next_o to_o the_o king_n person_n and_o the_o sole_a manager_n of_o all_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o state_n concurrent_a with_o their_o own_o design_n underboard_n but_o the_o other_o lord_n be_v in_o account_n rural_a stand_v further_o off_o and_o look_v on_o at_o a_o distance_n be_v lay_v away_o as_o superfluous_a and_o as_o they_o themselves_o be_v out_o of_o the_o game_n of_o great_a man_n so_o grow_v they_o mindless_a of_o their_o interest_n in_o the_o great_a affair_n yet_o of_o these_o there_o be_v diversity_n for_o some_o sport_n themselves_o in_o their_o condition_n other_o observe_v the_o irregular_a motion_n of_o those_o above_o and_o watch_v their_o own_o time_n this_o be_v the_o first_o advance_v of_o that_o society_n which_o be_v afterward_o call_v the_o privy_a council_n be_v a_o company_n of_o choice_a man_n according_a to_o the_o king_n be_v bend_v unto_o who_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o the_o weighty_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v commit_v but_o nothing_o can_v be_v conclude_v without_o the_o king_n be_v fiat_fw-la which_o regular_o shall_v follow_v upon_o the_o premise_n according_a to_o the_o major_a vote_n but_o more_o ordinary_o suit_v with_o that_o which_o best_o suit_v with_o his_o pleasure_n and_o now_o be_v parliament_n look_v on_o as_o fatal_a or_o at_o the_o best_a
issue_n or_o demurrer_n and_o then_o to_o the_o common-law_n where_o upon_o trial_n if_o the_o defendant_n make_v default_n 25._o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v judgement_n and_o execution_n and_o if_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n the_o mother_n shall_v sue_v and_o recover_v her_o dower_n in_o the_o chancery_n and_o they_o tell_v we_o 73._o that_o it_o have_v power_n to_o prohibit_v spiritual_a court_n and_o court_n of_o common-law_n yea_o to_o over-rule_v or_o reverse_v judgement_n and_o yet_o the_o common-law_n hold_v its_o ground_n when_o it_o be_v concern_v for_o neither_o be_v all_o suit_n there_o by_o bill_n 47._o as_o in_o case_n of_o equity_n nor_o determine_v according_a to_o such_o rule_n nor_o do_v the_o power_n of_o judicature_n rest_n in_o the_o breast_n of_o one_o chancellor_n but_o in_o he_o joint_o with_o other_o council_n of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v also_o learned_a judge_n of_o the_o law._n for_o the_o report_n inform_v that_o edward_n the_o second_o have_v grant_v a_o rent_n in_o tail_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n who_o die_v his_o son_n under_o age_n and_o ward_n to_o the_o king_n edward_z the_o third_z seize_v among_o other_o land_n the_o rent_n and_o grant_v it_o to_o sir_n john_n molins_n upon_o petition_n the_o king_n refer_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o of_o the_o council_n call_v to_o they_o the_o chancellor_n a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la go_v forth_o to_o sir_n john_n molin_n he_o upon_o appearance_n plead_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n as_o a_o case_n belong_v to_o the_o common-law_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v because_o it_o be_v to_o repeal_v the_o king_n charter_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o reference_n be_v to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o and_o therefore_o the_o cause_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o chancery_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o it_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o chancery_n by_o the_o law_n and_o in_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o case_n it_o appear_v clear_o that_o the_o king_n council_n there_o 35._o be_v learn_v in_o the_o law._n and_o the_o same_o be_v yet_o more_o evident_a by_o the_o title_n of_o bill_n in_o those_o day_n exhibit_v in_o the_o chancery_n which_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o king_n council_n and_o the_o rule_n give_v per_fw-la tout_fw-fr les_fw-fr justice_n which_o i_o rather_o note_v for_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o form_n of_o bill_n in_o those_o day_n far_o different_a from_o these_o time_n wherein_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o complaint_n however_o small_a in_o itself_o be_v oftentimes_o blow_v out_o into_o so_o great_a a_o bubble_n that_o it_o break_v to_o nothing_o and_o the_o statute_n former_o mention_v do_v assert_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o touch_v the_o king_n council_n for_o though_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o council_n or_o chancery_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n yet_o in_o the_o original_a the_o word_n be_v conceil_fw-fr en_fw-fr chancery_n have_v thus_o touch_v upon_o the_o matter_n under_o the_o judicatory_a of_o the_o chancery_n and_o judge_n in_o the_o same_o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o manner_n of_o proceed_n come_v to_o consideration_n for_o it_o seem_v they_o have_v be_v former_o very_o irregular_a and_o that_o contrary_a to_o the_o grand_a charter_n upon_o a_o bare_a suggestion_n in_o the_o chancery_n the_o party_n complain_v of_o be_v imprison_v and_o no_o proceed_n make_v thereupon_o for_o remedy_v whereof_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o upon_o suggestion_n so_o make_v the_o complainant_n be_v to_o find_v surety_n to_o pursue_v the_o suggestion_n and_o that_o the_o process_n of_o law_n shall_v issue_v forth_o against_o the_o party_n without_o imprison_v he_o and_o that_o if_o the_o suggestion_n be_v not_o prove_v true_a the_o complainant_n shall_v incur_v the_o like_a penalty_n that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v do_v in_o case_n he_o have_v be_v find_v guilty_a 17._o but_o afterward_o this_o late_a clause_n be_v alter_v by_o another_o statute_n because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o uncertainty_n and_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o complainant_n shall_v be_v imprison_v 9_o until_o he_o shall_v satisfy_v the_o defendant_n of_o his_o damage_n and_o furthermore_o shall_v make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n to_o the_o king._n but_o because_o that_o the_o defendant_n many_o time_n hold_v his_o advantage_n 6._o even_o to_o extremity_n this_o course_n last_v not_o long_o but_o a_o new_a law_n be_v make_v which_o put_v the_o power_n of_o award_v damage_n in_o such_o case_n into_o the_o chancellor_n to_o do_v according_a to_o his_o discretion_n and_o thus_o the_o chancery_n obtain_v power_n to_o award_v damage_n which_o they_o never_o have_v forme_o 32._o and_o the_o chancellor_n a_o precedency_n both_o in_o the_o chancery_n and_o of_o the_o council_n in_o the_o court_n of_o star-chamber_n and_o in_o many_o case_n in_o the_o exchequer_n by_o the_o first_o he_o have_v a_o power_n in_o matter_n of_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la by_o the_o last_o in_o matter_n mei_fw-la and_o regis_fw-la and_o by_o the_o other_o in_o matter_n mei_fw-la and_o regni_fw-la a_o considerable_a man_n certain_o he_o be_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o government_n but_o how_o much_o more_o if_o he_o be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n cardinal_z and_o legate_z à _fw-fr latere_fw-la or_o archbishop_n lord_n treasurer_n and_o legate_n à _fw-fr latere_fw-la as_o these_o day_n have_v divers_a time_n see_v extraordinary_a advancement_n bestow_v upon_o the_o nobility_n bring_v honour_n to_o the_o throne_n but_o if_o they_o be_v not_o man_n of_o note_a worth_n and_o uprightness_n they_o make_v the_o sceptre_n stoop_v by_o stir_v up_o envy_n in_o the_o nobility_n and_o indignation_n from_o the_o people_n for_o seldom_o be_v it_o see_v that_o advancement_n be_v feed_v from_o the_o crown_n though_o they_o be_v breed_v from_o thence_o but_o either_o maintain_v by_o new_a supply_n from_o the_o people_n purse_n or_o the_o ruin_n or_o decay_v of_o some_o officer_n more_o ancient_a than_o themselves_o or_o both_o and_o such_o be_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o chancellor_n he_o suck_v fat_a from_o beneath_o and_o blood_n and_o spirit_n from_o the_o grand_a chief_a justiciar_n of_o england_n and_o so_o reduce_v that_o honourable_a potentate_n unto_o the_o degree_n of_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n leave_v scarce_o unto_o he_o the_o name_n or_o title_n of_o lord_n one_o thing_n more_o remain_v touch_v the_o election_n or_o nomination_n of_o this_o great_a man._n at_o the_o first_o he_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o register_n or_o the_o king_n remembrancer_n or_o secretary_n have_v also_o the_o honour_n to_o advise_v the_o king_n in_o such_o matter_n as_o come_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o write_n in_o his_o custody_n and_o questionless_a eo_fw-la usque_fw-la it_o be_v suitable_a to_o all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a nomination_n and_o election_n but_o when_o it_o befall_v that_o instead_o of_o advise_v the_o king_n his_o word_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o a_o judicatory_a power_n put_v upon_o that_o and_o unto_o this_o be_v superad_v that_o honourable_a trust_n of_o keep_v and_o govern_v the_o great_a seal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o the_o continual_a grow_a power_n occasional_o confer_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o parliament_n he_o be_v now_o become_v no_o more_o the_o king_n remembrancer_n but_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n and_o supreme_a officer_n of_o state._n and_o it_o seem_v but_o reasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o place_n by_o public_a election_n as_o well_o as_o the_o grand_a justiciar_n who_o plume_n he_o borrow_v and_o other_o grand_a officer_n of_o state_n do_v before_o he_o for_o he_o that_o will_v have_v his_o servant_n to_o work_v for_o another_o must_v give_v the_o other_o that_o honour_n of_o elect_v he_o thereto_o nor_o be_v this_o lay_v aside_o nor_o forget_v by_o these_o time_n but_o a_o claim_n be_v put_v in_o for_o the_o election_n or_o allowance_n of_o this_o principal_a officer_n among_o other_o 15._o the_o parliament_n obtain_v a_o judgement_n in_o the_o case_n by_o the_o king_n confession_n and_o so_o the_o thing_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o future_a age_n 10._o viz._n whether_o a_o king_n that_o can_v do_v no_o man_n wrong_v can_v dissemble_v the_o royal_a assent_n in_o parliament_n or_o declare_v himself_o legal_o in_o that_o manner_n by_o proclamation_n chap._n v._o of_o admiral_n court_n this_o be_v a_o three_o court_n that_o maintain_v the_o king_n judicatory_a power_n in_o a_o different_a way_n from_o that_o which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o common-law_n and_o by_o many_o be_v therefore_o suppose_a to_o advance_v the_o king_n prerogative_n but_o upon_o mistake_v ground_n it_o be_v very_o true_a that_o the_o
a_o brief_a censure_n of_o the_o saxon_a prelatical_a church-government_n 27_o xvi_o of_o the_o saxon_n commonwealth_n and_o the_o government_n thereof_o and_o first_o of_o the_o king._n 29_o xvii_o of_o the_o saxon_a nobility_n 33_o xviii_o of_o the_o freeman_n among_o the_o saxon_n 34_o xix_o of_o the_o villain_n among_o the_o saxon_n 35_o xx._n of_o the_o grand_a council_n among_o the_o saxon_n call_v the_o micklemote_a 36_o xxi_o of_o the_o council_n of_o lord_n 38_o xxii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n in_o the_o time_n of_o war._n 39_o xxiii_o of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o saxon_a kingdom_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o first_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o shire_n and_o their_o officer_n 40_o xxiv_o of_o the_o county-court_n and_o sheriff_n tear_v 41_o xxv_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o county_n into_o hundred_o and_o the_o officer_n and_o court_n thereunto_o belong_v 42_o xxvi_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o hundred_o into_o decennary_n 43_o xxvii_o of_o franchise_n and_o first_o of_o the_o church-franchise_n 44_o xxviii_o of_o the_o second_o franchise_n call_v the_o march_n 45_o xxix_o of_o county_n palatine_n ibid._n xxx_o of_o franchise_n of_o the_o person_n 46_o xxxi_o of_o manor_n ibid._n xxxii_o of_o court_n incident_a and_o unite_a unto_o manor_n 48_o xxxiii_o of_o township_n and_o their_o market_n 49_o xxxiv_o of_o the_o forest_n 51_o xxxv_o concern_v judge_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n 52_o xxxvi_o of_o the_o proceed_n in_o judicature_n by_o indictment_n appeal_v presentment_n and_o action_n 53_o xxxvii_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o extraordinary_a trial_n by_o torture_n ordeal_o compurgator_n and_o battle_n 55_o xxxviii_o of_o the_o ordinary_a manner_n of_o trial_n among_o the_o saxon_n by_o inquest_n 56_o thirty-nine_o of_o pass_v judgement_n and_o execution_n 59_o xl._o of_o the_o penal_a law_n among_o the_o saxon_n 60_o xli_o of_o the_o law_n of_o property_n of_o land_n and_o good_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o conveyance_n 64_o xlii_o of_o the_o time_n of_o law_n and_o vacancy_n 68_o xliii_o a_o epilogue_n to_o the_o saxon_n government_n 69_o xliv_o of_o the_o norman_a entrance_n 70_o xlv_o of_o the_o title_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n that_o it_o be_v by_o election_n 72_o xlvi_o that_o the_o government_n of_o the_o norman_n proceed_v upon_o the_o saxon_a principle_n and_o first_o of_o parliament_n 75_o xlvii_o of_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o norman_a time_n 77_o xlviii_o of_o the_o several_a subservient_fw-fr jurisdiction_n by_o march_n county_n hundred_o burrough_n lordship_n and_o decennary_n 82_o xlix_o of_o the_o immunity_n of_o the_o saxon_a freeman_n under_o the_o norman_a government_n 84_o l._n recollection_n of_o certain_a norman_a law_n concern_v the_o crown_n in_o relation_n to_o those_o of_o the_o saxon_n former_o mention_v 86_o li._n of_o the_o like_a law_n that_o concern_v common_a interest_n of_o good_n 89_o lii_o of_o law_n that_o concern_v common_a interest_n of_o land_n 90_o liii_o of_o divers_a law_n make_v concern_v the_o execution_n of_o justice_n 94_o liv._o of_o the_o militia_n during_o the_o norman_n time_n 65_o lv._o that_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o norman_n into_o this_o government_n can_v not_o be_v by_o conquest_n 97_o lvi_o a_o brief_a survey_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o writer_n concern_v the_o point_n of_o conquest_n 99_o lvii_o of_o the_o government_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o stephen_n henry_n the_o second_o richard_n the_o first_o and_o john_n and_o first_o of_o their_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o disposition_n in_o government_n 103_o lviii_o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n from_o the_o conquest_n and_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o several_a king_n 107_o lix_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o their_o power_n in_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o norman_a time_n 109_o lx._n of_o the_o english_a commonalty_n since_o the_o norman_a time_n 117_o lxi_o of_o judicature_n the_o court_n and_o their_o judge_n 118_o lxii_o of_o the_o certain_a law_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o 2._o 120_o lxiii_o of_o the_o militia_n of_o this_o kingdom_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o king_n 125_o lxiv_o of_o the_o government_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o and_o edward_z the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n and_o first_o a_o general_a view_n of_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o government_n 129_o lxv_o of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o 137_o lxvi_o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o english_a clergy_n until_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o herein_o concern_v the_o statute_n of_o circumspect_a agatis_fw-la articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la and_o of_o general_a council_n and_o national_a synod_n 140_o lxvii_o of_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o freeman_n of_o england_n and_o the_o grand_a charter_n and_o several_a statute_n concern_v the_o same_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o king_n 158_o lxviii_o of_o court_n and_o their_o proceed_n 177_o lxix_o of_o coroner_n sheriff_n and_o crown-plea_n 179_o lxx_o of_o the_o militia_n during_o these_o king_n reign_n 184_o lxxi_o of_o the_o peace_n 188._o the_o preface_n the_o policy_n of_o the_o english_a government_n so_o far_o as_o be_v praiseworthy_a be_v all_o one_o with_o divine_a providence_n wrap_v up_o in_o a_o veil_n of_o king_n and_o wise_a man_n and_o thus_o implicit_o have_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o world_n by_o historian_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n read_v man_n and_o wear_v their_o pen_n in_o decipher_v their_o person_n and_o condition_n some_o of_o who_o have_v meet_v with_o ingenious_a writer_n survive_v themselves_o possible_o more_o famous_a after_o death_n than_o before_o other_o after_o a_o miserable_a life_n waste_v be_v yet_o more_o miserable_a in_o be_v little_o better_o than_o table_n to_o set_v forth_o the_o painter_n workmanship_n and_o to_o let_v the_o world_n know_v that_o their_o historian_n be_v more_o witty_a than_o they_o of_o who_o they_o write_v be_v either_o wise_a or_o good_a and_o thus_o history_n that_o shall_v be_v a_o witness_n of_o truth_n and_o time_n become_v little_o better_o than_o a_o parable_n or_o rather_o than_o a_o nonsense_n in_o a_o fair_a character_n who_o best_a commendation_n be_v that_o it_o be_v well_o write_v doubtless_o history_n of_o person_n or_o live_v of_o man_n have_v their_o excellency_n in_o fruit_n for_o imitation_n and_o continuance_n of_o fame_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o virtue_n yet_o will_v not_o the_o coacervation_n of_o these_o together_o declare_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n better_o than_o the_o beauty_n of_o a_o body_n dismember_v be_v revive_v by_o thrust_v together_o the_o member_n which_o can_v be_v without_o deformity_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o many_o wise_a and_o good_a king_n and_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n may_v just_o challenge_v the_o honour_n of_o pass_v many_o excellent_a law_n albeit_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n of_o the_o representative_a body_n to_o form_v they_o yet_o to_o no_o one_o nor_o all_o of_o they_o can_v we_o attribute_v the_o honour_n of_o that_o wisdom_n and_o goodness_n that_o constitute_v this_o bless_a frame_n of_o government_n for_o seldom_o be_v it_o see_v that_o one_o prince_n build_v upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o his_o predecessor_n or_o pursue_v his_o end_n or_o aim_n because_o as_o several_a man_n they_o have_v several_a judgement_n and_o desire_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o royal_a kind_n of_o self-love_n that_o incit_v they_o either_o to_o exceed_v former_a precedent_n or_o at_o least_o to_o differ_v from_o they_o that_o they_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o rule_v by_o copy_n as_o insufficient_a of_o themselves_o which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o disparagement_n to_o such_o as_o be_v above_o add_v hereunto_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v conceit_v that_o the_o wise_a of_o our_o ancestor_n see_v the_o idea_n of_o this_o government_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o where_o in_o precedent_n but_o in_o he_o that_o determine_v the_o same_o from_o eternity_n for_o as_o no_o nation_n can_v show_v more_o variety_n and_o inconstancy_n in_o the_o government_n of_o prince_n than_o this_o especial_o for_o three_o hundred_o year_n next_o ensue_a the_o norman_n so_o reason_n can_v move_v imagination_n that_o these_o wheel_n by_o divers_a if_o not_o contrary_a motion_n can_v ever_o conspire_v into_o this_o temperature_n of_o policy_n be_v there_o not_o some_o primum_fw-la mobile_a that_o have_v ever_o keep_v one_o constant_a motion_n in_o all_o my_o aim_n therefore_o shall_v be_v to_o lay_v aside_o the_o consideration_n of_o man_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v and_o to_o extract_v a_o summary_n view_v of_o the_o cardinal_n pass_v of_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o
sentence_v one_o to_o suffer_v death_n upon_o the_o coroner_n record_v without_o allow_v the_o delinquent_n liberty_n of_o traverse_n this_o officer_n also_o be_v make_v by_o election_n of_o the_o freeholder_n in_o their_o county-court_n 164._o as_o the_o sheriff_n be_v and_o from_o among_o the_o man_n of_o chief_a rank_n in_o the_o county_n and_o swear_v in_o their_o presence_n but_o the_o king_n write_v lead_v the_o work_n chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o county-court_n and_o the_o sheriff_n tear_v the_o government_n of_o the_o county_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n consist_v much_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o public_a meeting_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o their_o meeting_n be_v either_o in_o one_o place_n or_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o county_n in_o each_o of_o which_o the_o sheriff_n have_v the_o manage_n of_o the_o act_n do_v there_o county-court_n the_o meeting_n of_o the_o freeman_n in_o one_o place_n be_v call_v the_o folkmote_a by_o the_o saxon_n save_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o honourable_a reporter_n coke_n instit._n 2._o p._n 69._o and_o of_o latter_a time_n the_o county-court_n the_o work_n wherein_o be_v partly_o for_o consultation_n and_o direction_n concern_v the_o order_n of_o the_o county_n for_o the_o safety_n and_o peace_n thereof_o such_o as_o be_v redress_n of_o grievance_n election_n of_o officer_n prevention_n of_o danger_n etc._n etc._n and_o partly_o it_o be_v judicial_a 147._o in_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o common_a plea_n of_o the_o county_n the_o church-affair_n and_o some_o trespass_n do_v therein_o but_o not_o matter_n criminal_a for_o the_o bishop_n be_v judge_n therein_o together_o with_o the_o sheriff_n and_o by_o the_o canon_n he_o be_v not_o to_o intermeddle_v in_o matter_n of_o blood_n yet_o neither_o be_v the_o bishop_n nor_o sheriff_n work_v in_o that_o court_n other_o than_o directory_n or_o declaratory_a for_o the_o freeman_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o act_n and_o the_o other_o do_v but_o edocere_fw-la jura_fw-la populo_fw-la 15._o yet_o in_o special_a case_n upon_o petition_n a_o commission_n issue_v forth_o from_o the_o king_n to_o certain_a judge_n of_o oier_n 1._o to_o join_v with_o the_o other_o in_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o such_o particular_a case_n but_o in_o case_n of_o injustice_n or_o error_n the_o party_n grieve_v have_v liberty_n of_o appeal_n to_o the_o king_n justice_n edgar_n nor_o do_v the_o common_a plea_n original_o commence_v in_o the_o county-court_n unless_o the_o party_n dwell_v in_o several_a liberty_n or_o hundred_o in_o the_o same_o county_n and_o in_o case_n any_o mistake_n be_v in_o the_o commence_v of_o suit_n in_o that_o court_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v upon_o complaint_n the_o king_n write_v reduce_v it_o to_o its_o proper_a place_n and_o in_o this_o also_o the_o king_n own_o court_n have_v no_o pre-eminence_n in_o those_o ancient_a time_n this_o county-court_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v but_o twice_o a_o year_n 35._o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o king_n edgar_n but_o upon_o urgent_a emergency_n often_o and_o that_o either_o by_o the_o king_n special_a writ_n or_o if_o the_o emergent_a occasion_n be_v sudden_a and_o important_a by_o extraordinary_a summons_n of_o ring_v the_o moot-bel_n unto_o this_o court_n all_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o county_n assemble_v to_o learn_v the_o law_n to_o administer_v justice_n 35._o to_o provide_v remedy_n for_o public_a inconvenience_n and_o to_o do_v their_o fealty_n to_o the_o king_n before_o the_o bishop_n and_o sheriff_n upon_o oath_n and_o in_o the_o work_n of_o administer_a justice_n cause_n concern_v the_o church_n must_v have_v the_o precedency_n 4._o so_o as_o yet_o the_o canon-law_n have_v not_o get_v foot_v in_o england_n the_o other_o court_n wherein_o the_o sheriff_n have_v the_o direction_n tear_v be_v in_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o freeman_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o county_n and_o this_o be_v ancient_o 16._o and_o now_o be_v call_v the_o sheriff_n tear_v which_o simple_o consider_v be_v but_o a_o hundred-court_n 5._o or_o the_o sheriff_n tear_v to_o keep_v the_o hundred-court_n it_o be_v order_v to_o be_v keep_v twice_o every_o year_n viz._n at_o the_o lady-day_n and_o michaelmas_n or_o soon_o after_o 35._o unto_o this_o court_n all_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o hundred_o repair_v 17._o and_o there_o they_o the_o bishop_n and_o sheriff_n execute_v the_o same_o power_n and_o work_v for_o kind_n that_o they_o do_v in_o the_o county-court_n in_o this_o court_n all_o the_o suit_n in_o the_o hundred-court_n depend_v have_v their_o determination_n and_o other_o have_v their_o commencement_n and_o proceed_n as_o well_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o other_o some_o have_v conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o county-court_n or_o superior_a thereto_o but_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n thereof_o i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o visitation_n of_o the_o county_n by_o parcel_n or_o in_o circuit_n chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o county_n into_o hundred_o and_o the_o officer_n and_o court_n thereto_o belong_v county_n be_v too_o great_a to_o meet_v upon_o every_o occasion_n and_o every_o occasion_n too_o mean_a to_o put_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o that_o charge_n and_o trouble_v and_o this_o induce_v sub-division_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v that_o of_o the_o hundred_o now_o and_o also_o ancient_o so_o call_v but_o as_o ancient_a if_o not_o more_o be_v the_o name_n pagus_n for_o the_o historian_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o german_n in_o the_o execute_n of_o their_o law_n a_o hundred_o of_o the_o freeman_n join_v with_o the_o chief_a lord_n per_fw-la pagos_fw-la vicosque_fw-la tacitus_n which_o first_o be_v call_v centenarii_fw-la or_o hundreder_n from_o their_o number_n but_o use_v for_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n like_o the_o triarii_n and_o as_o a_o second_o hereunto_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o testimony_n of_o the_o council_n at_o berkhamsted_n which_o speak_v the_o reduction_n of_o suit_n from_o the_o king_n court_n ad_fw-la pagi_fw-la vel_fw-la loci_fw-la praepositum_fw-la in_o other_o place_n it_o be_v render_v to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o hundred_o or_o burrough_n and_o at_o this_o day_n in_o germany_n their_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o circuit_n call_v centen_a or_o canton_n and_o centengriecht_n and_o the_o hundreder_n they_o call_v centgraven_v or_o hundred-chiefes_a whether_o for_o government_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n 19_o or_o for_o command_v in_o time_n of_o war_n the_o latter_a whereof_o the_o word_n wapentake_n do_v not_o a_o little_a favour_n among_o these_o one_o was_z per_fw-la eminentiam_fw-la call_v the_o centgrave_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o thereunto_o elect_v by_o the_o free_a man_n of_o that_o hundred_o and_o unto_o who_o they_o grant_v a_o stipend_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o rent_n 54._o call_v hundredsettena_n together_o with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o same_o the_o division_n of_o the_o county_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v do_v by_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o county_n who_o be_v the_o sole_a judge_n thereof_o if_o polydore_v testimony_n may_v be_v admit_v and_o it_o may_v seem_v most_o likely_a that_o they_o rule_v their_o division_n at_o the_o first_o according_a to_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o do_v occasion_n the_o great_a inequality_n of_o the_o hundred_o at_o this_o day_n the_o government_n of_o the_o hundred_o rest_v at_o the_o first_o upon_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o hundredar_n 4._o but_o afterward_o by_o alfred_n they_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a because_o of_o the_o multitude_n and_o reduce_v to_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o bailiff_n and_o twelve_o of_o the_o hundred_o and_o these_o twelve_o be_v to_o be_v swear_v neither_o to_o condemn_v the_o innocent_a nor_o acquit_v the_o nocent_a this_o be_v the_o hundred_o court_n which_o by_o the_o law_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v once_o every_o month_n and_o it_o be_v a_o mix_a court_n of_o common-plea_n and_o crown-plea_n for_o the_o saxon_a law_n order_n 35._o that_o in_o it_o there_o shall_v be_v do_v justice_n to_o thief_n 1._o and_o the_o trial_n in_o divers_a case_n in_o that_o court_n be_v by_o ordeale_n their_o common-plea_n be_v case_n of_o a_o middle_a nature_n 20_o as_o well_o concern_v ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o thing_n as_o secular_a 32._o for_o the_o great_a matter_n be_v by_o commission_n or_o the_o king_n write_v remove_v 1._o as_o i_o former_o observe_v all_o freeholders_n be_v bind_v to_o present_v themselves_o hereat_o saxon._n and_o no_o soon_o do_v the_o defendant_n appear_v but_o he_o answer_v the_o matter_n charge_v against_o he_o and_o judgement_n pass_v before_o the_o court_n adjourn_v 273._o except_o in_o case_n where_o immediate_a proof_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v tacitus_n albeit_o it_o be_v hold_v unreasonable_a in_o those_o day_n to_o hold_v so_o hasty_a process_n 155._o and_o therefore_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n prefer_v
swear_v that_o he_o will_v not_o sell_v right_o or_o any_o remedial_a writ_n to_o any_o one_o yet_o upon_o the_o day_n of_o etc._n etc._n he_o sell_v to_o b._n a_o writ_n of_o attaint_n and_o will_v not_o grant_v the_o same_o under_o half_a a_o mark._n so_o as_o the_o difference_n between_o a_o indictment_n and_o presentment_n in_o those_o day_n be_v only_o in_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o party_n delinquent_n be_v accuse_v and_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o conclusion_n of_o the_o presentment_n which_o be_v without_o averment_n the_o last_o way_n of_o trial_n concern_v such_o offence_n that_o exceed_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o trespass_n do_v to_o a_o man_n person_n or_o his_o good_n 24._o and_o this_o be_v by_o way_n of_o action_n action_n and_o it_o be_v to_o obtain_v recompense_n for_o damage_n sustain_v now_o because_o the_o former_a be_v call_v personal_a trespass_n the_o process_n be_v by_o attachment_n of_o the_o person_n who_o thereupon_o put_v in_o bail_n or_o else_o his_o person_n be_v secure_v by_o imprisonment_n till_o trial_n and_o satisfaction_n make_v but_o in_o the_o late_a that_o concern_v the_o reality_n 20._o three_o summons_n go_v forth_o in_o the_o hundred-court_n 36._o and_o if_o default_n be_v make_v complaint_n thereof_o ensue_v in_o the_o county-court_n and_o thence_o issue_v forth_o a_o distringas_fw-la and_o if_o the_o defendant_n still_o persist_v in_o decline_v his_o appearance_n the_o distress_n be_v forfeit_v and_o a_o summon_v issue_v upon_o the_o land_n if_o then_o the_o defendant_n will_v not_o appear_v or_o upon_o appearance_n will_v not_o give_v pledge_n to_o abide_v judgement_n his_o whole_a land_n be_v seize_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o of_o the_o complainant_n because_o he_o have_v offend_v against_o all_o three_o but_o if_o the_o party_n appear_v in_o former_a time_n he_o answer_v forthwith_o and_o judgement_n pass_v without_o delay_n as_o have_v be_v say_v unless_o in_o urgent_a case_n where_o the_o matter_n be_v raw_a and_o than_o it_o be_v adjourn_v and_o pledge_n give_v by_o the_o defendant_n to_o the_o full_a value_n 7._o after_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o athenian_n and_o if_o the_o defendant_n make_v default_n at_o the_o day_n his_o pledge_n be_v forfeit_v but_o in_o aftertime_n for_o better_a and_o more_o advise_v proceed_v the_o defendant_n be_v admit_v to_o his_o essoine_n yet_o with_o a_o proviso_n that_o no_o essoine_n shall_v be_v allow_v for_o above_o fifteen_o day_n 1._o and_o this_o be_v the_o direction_n of_o king_n alfred_n in_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o defendant_n he_o either_o traverse_v the_o matter_n in_o fact_n or_o confess_v and_o justify_v 16._o or_o confess_v and_o submit_v the_o first_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o freeman_n the_o second_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o judge_n the_o three_o to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o complainant_n whereby_o the_o defendant_n general_o find_v mercy_n and_o in_o case_n of_o trespass_n render_v less_o damage_n i_o find_v no_o footstep_n in_o those_o time_n of_o dilatoryplea_n or_o demurrer_n or_o other_o delay_n unless_o in_o case_n of_o infancy_n for_o the_o saxon_n know_v no_o other_o age_n of_o ability_n to_o do_v or_o suffer_v but_o the_o age_n above_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n and_o in_o alfred_n time_n a_o judge_n suffer_v death_n for_o pass_a sentence_n of_o death_n upon_o one_o under_o that_o age_n albeit_o the_o canonist_n have_v in_o those_o day_n bring_v into_o custom_n other_o age_n of_o ability_n in_o matter_n concern_v marriage_n 1_o although_o it_o may_v well_o be_v think_v that_o it_o require_v no_o less_o maturity_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o a_o marry_a life_n than_o to_o discern_v the_o nature_n and_o difference_n of_o manner_n especial_o in_o case_n of_o crime_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a light_n of_o nature_n chap._n xxxvii_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o extraordinary_a trial_n by_o torture_n ordeale_o compurgator_n and_o battle_n evidence_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o fact_n upon_o trial_n of_o cause_n in_o the_o saxon_a judicatory_a sometime_o consist_v in_o the_o pregnant_a testimony_n of_o the_o fact_n itself_o torture_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o testimony_n of_o some_o circumstance_n the_o first_o be_v a_o unquestionable_a ground_n of_o conviction_n the_o second_o be_v too_o weak_a to_o command_v the_o verdict_n although_o sometime_o it_o persuade_v it_o and_o therefore_o those_o incompassionate_a time_n find_v out_o a_o trick_n of_o extort_a confession_n by_o torture_n of_o the_o party_n follow_v the_o principle_n of_o passion_n therein_o rather_o than_o sober_a judgement_n for_o circumstance_n be_v sufficient_a to_o irritate_fw-la the_o heart_n of_o those_o that_o be_v passionate_a and_o where_o jealousy_n be_v once_o enter_v there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o spare_v be_v the_o matter_n never_o so_o untrue_a yet_o i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o law_n among_o the_o saxon_n to_o patronize_v this_o fashion_n of_o conviction_n albeit_o it_o seem_v it_o be_v practise_v for_o alfred_n the_o king_n punish_v one_o of_o his_o judge_n with_o death_n for_o pass_a sentence_n upon_o a_o extort_a confession_n by_o torture_n before_o the_o corner_n cragius_fw-la and_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v gain_v from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n although_o little_a to_o the_o praise_n of_o their_o greekish_a wisdom_n in_o that_o particular_a see_v that_o in_o all_o reason_n it_o must_v be_v suppose_v that_o fear_v and_o grief_n will_v enforce_v flattery_n upon_o the_o tormentor_n as_o well_o as_o self-love_n draw_v forth_o flattery_n to_o the_o benefactor_n a_o second_o sort_n of_o evidence_n be_v that_o of_o ordeale_n ordeale_n be_v also_o ground_v upon_o a_o pre-conceit_n or_o suspicion_n the_o manner_n hereof_o be_v divers_a the_o thing_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o birth_n of_o the_o brain_n of_o some_o churchman_n who_o have_v read_v of_o the_o curse_a water_n the_o first_o mention_n that_o i_o find_v thereof_o be_v at_o the_o council_n of_o mentz_n 928._o and_o afterward_o in_o the_o council_n of_o trier_n but_o not_o a_o footstep_n thereof_o in_o this_o kingdom_n till_o by_o aethelstan_n it_o be_v advance_v into_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o law_n after_o which_o time_n it_o continue_v in_o use_n well_o nigh_o three_o hundred_o year_n a_o strange_a monument_n of_o god_n idulgency_n to_o a_o ignorant_a age_n thus_o turn_v extraordinary_a to_o ordinary_a for_o the_o clear_n of_o innocency_n and_o which_o be_v no_o less_o wonderful_a allow_v in_o those_o time_n unto_o man_n under_o nature_n such_o a_o power_n over_o themselves_o as_o to_o adventure_v against_o nature_n doubtless_o that_o man_n or_o woman_n be_v of_o a_o dare_a spirit_n that_o first_o try_v the_o trick_n if_o he_o have_v not_o a_o miraculous_a faith_n in_o that_o promise_n cum_fw-la ambulaveris_fw-la per_fw-la ignem_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o show_v metal_n in_o they_o that_o follow_v the_o example_n but_o the_o next_o age_n grow_v dull_a 2._o and_o man_n be_v weary_a of_o such_o bane-touches_a the_o clergy_n that_o cry_v it_o up_o their_o successor_n cry_v it_o down_o and_o so_o devour_v their_o own_o birth_n without_o any_o difficulty_n other_o than_o a_o bare_a injunction_n of_o a_o king_n selden_n that_o have_v power_n to_o command_v only_o such_o as_o will_v obey_v but_o where_o fame_n be_v yet_o more_o slight_a compurgator_n and_o spring_v rather_o from_o want_n of_o charity_n and_o misapprehension_n than_o promise_a circumstance_n man_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v content_v with_o a_o voier_n dire_a or_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n suspect_v and_o the_o concurrent_a testimony_n of_o other_o man_n the_o first_o attest_v his_o own_o innocency_n the_o other_o contest_v their_o conscience_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o former_a testimony_n and_o therefore_o be_v and_o still_o be_v call_v compurgator_n their_o number_n be_v more_o or_o less_o and_o of_o great_a or_o less_o value_n according_a as_o the_o offence_n or_o the_o party_n suspect_v be_v of_o great_a or_o less_o concernment_n this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v of_o ancient_a use_n 16._o and_o both_o it_o and_o that_o ordeale_n under_o the_o directory_n of_o the_o clergy_n yet_o this_o be_v the_o ancient_a by_o three_o hundred_o year_n 647._o and_o first_o bring_v into_o this_o nation_n by_o the_o council_n at_o berghamsted_n under_o bertwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 5._o and_o it_o be_v perform_v sometime_o more_o solemn_o by_o solemn_a receive_n of_o the_o eucharist_n especial_o if_o the_o person_n suspect_v be_v of_o the_o sacred_a function_n one_o manner_n of_o trial_n yet_o remain_v battle_n which_o be_v use_v both_o in_o trial_n of_o matter_n of_o crime_n and_o title_n and_o it_o be_v the_o trial_n by_o battle_n which_o be_v in_o criminal_a matter_n with_o sharp_a weapon_n but_o in_o titulary_a matter_n with_o blunt_a
judicature_n rest_v with_o the_o lord_n in_o relation_n not_o only_o to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o also_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o king_n who_o work_n in_o such_o case_n be_v not_o to_o judge_v above_o or_o with_o the_o peer_n but_o to_o execute_v their_o sentence_n and_o that_o carry_v with_o it_o a_o list_n whereby_o the_o power_n of_o a_o king_n may_v appear_v not_o to_o be_v so_o supreme_a in_o make_v of_o the_o law_n as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o for_o if_o his_o judgement_n and_o conscience_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o peer_n in_o give_v a_o law_n in_o case_n of_o a_o particular_a person_n where_o the_o law_n be_v not_o former_o know_v let_v other_o judge_v of_o the_o value_n of_o this_o negative_a vote_n in_o give_v law_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o parliament_n be_v quarrel_v by_o the_o king_n and_o he_o keep_v it_o at_o a_o bay_n by_o a_o proclamation_n that_o pretend_a revocation_n as_o far_o as_o a_o proclamation_n can_v revoke_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o effect_v nothing_o nor_o do_v the_o contest_v last_o long_a now_o though_o this_o jurisdiction_n thus_o rest_v in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n in_o such_o case_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o so_o original_o in_o they_o as_o to_o be_v whole_o they_o and_o only_o as_o they_o shall_v order_v it_o for_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n have_v a_o right_n in_o the_o course_n and_o order_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o as_o the_o know_a law_n be_v part_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o in_o the_o speedy_a execution_n of_o justice_n as_o well_o as_o they_o have_v right_a to_o have_v justice_n do_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o in_o case_n of_o error_n 5._o and_o delay_n the_o appeal_n be_v from_o the_o inferior_a court_n to_o the_o parliament_n which_o immediate_o determine_v the_o matter_n and_o now_o the_o trouble_n grow_v too_o great_a by_o the_o increase_n of_o plea_n for_o remedy_n hereof_o a_o kind_n of_o committee_n be_v make_v of_o one_o bishop_n two_o earl_n two_o baron_n who_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n and_o the_o judge_n shall_v make_v good_a judgement_n in_o all_o case_n of_o complaint_n of_o delay_n in_o judgement_n which_o committee_n be_v not_o make_v by_o order_n of_o the_o lord_n alone_o which_o they_o may_v have_v do_v in_o case_n jurisdiction_n have_v be_v whole_o and_o only_o shut_v up_o in_o their_o custody_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o commons_o with_o the_o lord_n for_o as_o the_o commons_o challenge_v speedy_a execution_n of_o justice_n as_o one_o of_o their_o liberty_n so_o also_o to_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o such_o judge_n and_o court_n as_o the_o law_n in_o the_o make_n whereof_o themselves_o challenge_v a_o vote_n do_v establish_v and_o appoint_v i_o will_v conclude_v this_o chapter_n with_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o these_o time_n for_o the_o difficulty_n that_o befall_v between_o the_o king_n and_o their_o people_n or_o house_n of_o parliament_n wrought_v two_o sad_a effect_n viz._n a_o propensity_n to_o decline_v call_v of_o parliament_n so_o often_o as_o be_v use_v and_o expect_v and_o when_o it_o assemble_v as_o great_a a_o propensity_n in_o the_o member_n to_o decline_v their_o attendance_n 1315._o by_o mean_n whereof_o as_o the_o historian_n tell_v we_o the_o parliament_n be_v sometime_o enforce_v to_o adjourn_v itself_o for_o want_n of_o number_n sufficient_a the_o first_o of_o these_o arise_v from_o want_n of_o good_a will_n in_o the_o king_n the_o other_o from_o want_n of_o courage_n and_o zeal_n in_o the_o people_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v fatal_a and_o destructive_a to_o good_a government_n for_o though_o in_o distemper_a parliament_n it_o be_v good_a to_o withdraw_v yet_o in_o distemper_a time_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o meet_v and_o gain_v a_o right_a understanding_n of_o all_o party_n and_o therefore_o these_o time_n be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o bind_v themselves_o by_o public_a act_n of_o state_n to_o re-continue_a the_o assemble_v of_o parliament_n for_o the_o face_n of_o the_o time_n represent_v unto_o all_o that_o agitation_n be_v like_a to_o be_v quick_a violent_a and_o to_o continue_v for_o some_o succession_n of_o time_n it_o be_v therefore_o safe_a if_o not_o necessary_a that_o every_o eye_n shall_v be_v open_a and_o council_n ready_a for_o every_o occasion_n a_o law_n at_o length_n be_v agree_v upon_o that_o a_o parliament_n shall_v be_v hold_v once_o every_o year_n 14._o or_o more_o if_o need_v be_v but_o in_o thirty_o year_n the_o power_n of_o this_o law_n be_v waste_v out_o of_o mind_n and_o the_o evil_a revive_n 10._o revive_v also_o the_o statute_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o parliament_n in_o thirty_o year_n space_n and_o not_o above_o three_o or_o but_o once_o four_o year_n distance_n of_o time_n between_o any_o two_o of_o they_o in_o succession_n this_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n in_o their_o meeting_n but_o at_o home_n they_o have_v homely_a conceit_n and_o it_o be_v find_v no_o less_o difficult_a to_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o meeting_n than_o to_o continue_v the_o meeting_n according_a to_o the_o law_n be_v either_o loath_a to_o adventure_v their_o thought_n into_o the_o troublesome_a affair_n of_o the_o public_a or_o their_o person_n to_o expense_n and_o hazard_n but_o the_o public_a must_v be_v serve_v and_o therefore_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v make_v 4._o that_o all_o such_o member_n as_o decline_v their_o appearance_n at_o the_o parliament_n after_o summons_n make_v shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o the_o sheriff_n likewise_o that_o shall_v neglect_v return_n of_o summons_n and_o the_o statute_n imply_v that_o it_o be_v no_o introduction_n of_o a_o new_a law_n but_o a_o revive_n of_o former_a law_n now_o or_o late_o disuse_v or_o a_o custom_n now_o out_o of_o custom_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o objection_n in_o point_n of_o charge_n and_o expense_n another_o law_n be_v make_v to_o establish_v the_o assessment_n 12._o and_o levy_v of_o their_o wage_n upon_o the_o land_n that_o ancient_o be_v chargeable_a therewith_o in_o who_o hand_n soever_o the_o same_o shall_v come_v i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o this_o that_o the_o parliament_n though_o like_o a_o garment_n it_o sometime_o cover_v the_o goodly_a feature_n and_o proportion_n of_o a_o well-composed_a body_n yet_o it_o keep_v the_o same_o warm_a and_o as_o a_o shield_n be_v first_o in_o all_o danger_n and_o meet_v with_o many_o a_o knock_n which_o the_o body_n feel_v not_o this_o be_v their_o work_n and_o reward_n it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o wear_n it_o be_v feel_v heavy_a but_o it_o be_v the_o easy_a bear_v if_o it_o be_v due_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v so_o clothe_v than_o to_o be_v naked_a chap._n iii_o of_o the_o privy-council_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o latter_a must_v make_v way_n for_o the_o former_a for_o according_a to_o their_o personal_a esteem_n in_o their_o own_o country_n such_o be_v their_o authority_n at_o the_o board_n in_o joint_a council_n and_o it_o be_v one_o point_n of_o happiness_n in_o a_o sad_a time_n of_o war_n that_o all_o man_n look_v one_o way_n the_o lord_n be_v much_o addict_v to_o the_o field_n and_o can_v do_v much_o with_o edward_n the_o three_o who_o be_v a_o brave_a leader_n and_o more_o with_o the_o people_n who_o have_v be_v so_o long_a time_n use_v to_o the_o rough_a trade_n of_o soldiery_n that_o they_o love_v not_o to_o be_v at_o home_o about_o matter_n of_o husbandry_n wherein_o they_o have_v so_o little_a experience_n and_o have_v so_o fair_a a_o garland_n in_o their_o eye_n as_o france_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o domestic_a design_n seem_v mean_a or_o more_o dangerous_a thus_o do_v god_n do_v england_n a_o good_a turn_n although_o it_o be_v make_v for_o the_o present_a thereby_o neither_o so_o rich_a or_o populous_a as_o it_o may_v have_v be_v in_o a_o time_n of_o peace_n this_o french_a heat_n waste_v many_o a_o tumultuous_a spirit_n and_o ennoble_v the_o fame_n of_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n not_o only_o abroad_o but_o win_v they_o much_o honour_n and_o repute_v of_o those_o that_o remain_v at_o home_n and_o so_o by_o congregate_a homogeneal_n and_o sever_a heterogeneal_n render_v the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n more_o univocal_a which_o tend_v much_o to_o the_o settle_n of_o the_o joint_n of_o this_o distract_a nation_n a_o timely_a birth_n hereof_o doubtless_o be_v the_o peaceable_a entry_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o upon_o the_o throne_n and_o quiet_a sit_v there_o whilst_o as_o yet_o he_o be_v but_o a_o child_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n many_o and_o they_o of_o generous_a active_a and_o
according_a to_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n either_o therefore_o the_o privy-council_n have_v no_o power_n to_o hold_v any_o plea_n at_o all_o or_o else_o no_o power_n of_o trial._n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v conclude_v in_o open_a parliament_n 87_o and_o the_o second_o as_o good_a as_o so_o for_o if_o the_o first_o than_o the_o second_o will_v come_v on_o undeniable_o but_o suppose_v all_o this_o be_v give_v up_o yet_o be_v this_o liberty_n to_o hold_v plea_n so_o qualify_v that_o the_o person_n can_v not_o be_v touch_v till_o the_o thing_n do_v appear_v by_o inquisition_n and_o then_o in_o a_o legal_a way_n such_o proceed_n be_v have_v upon_o suggestion_n make_v against_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n 1141._o for_o one_o of_o the_o judge_n be_v first_o send_v into_o the_o city_n to_o find_v the_o suggestion_n by_o a_o jury_n and_o then_o the_o lord_n mayor_n appear_v before_o the_o lord_n and_o traverse_v the_o matter_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n appeal_v or_o rather_o demand_v to_o be_v try_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o like_a course_n do_v we_o find_v observe_v in_o our_o law-report_n of_o these_o time_n 38._o in_o a_o case_n concern_v the_o price_n of_o wool_n by_o a_o false_a report_n the_o foot_n of_o the_o whole_a account_n will_v be_v this_o that_o the_o work_n of_o judicature_n of_o the_o privy-council_n in_o these_o time_n in_o case_n of_o crime_n be_v to_o receive_v article_n and_o award_v inquisition_n and_o after_o return_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o grand_a inquest_n to_o recover_v traverse_v and_o to_o order_v trial_n at_o the_o common-law_n and_o upon_o verdict_n return_v 38._o to_o fine_a and_o ransom_n in_o other_o case_n either_o of_o right_n or_o equity_n in_o matter_n of_o private_a property_n they_o be_v determine_v either_o by_o judge_n of_o the_o bench_n or_o chancery_n although_o possible_o the_o suit_n be_v coram_fw-la concilio_n for_o that_o all_o the_o say_a judge_n be_v of_o the_o king_n council_n and_o yet_o as_o i_o dare_v not_o affirm_v so_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o it_o may_v also_o be_v possible_a that_o some_o matter_n especial_o these_o of_o a_o great_a consequence_n either_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n or_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o person_n who_o they_o concern_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o major_a vote_n of_o the_o whole_a council_n in_o a_o prudential_a or_o rather_o arbitrary_a way_n but_o this_o be_v invita_fw-la minerva_fw-la and_o use_v so_o rare_o as_o the_o path_n be_v grow_v out_o of_o view_n save_v some_o few_o footstep_n here_o and_o there_o remain_v which_o show_v that_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o lord_n have_v be_v there_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o chancery_n it_o be_v the_o birth_n of_o the_o king_n power_n in_o judicature_n and_o may_v deserve_v the_o name_n of_o the_o first-born_a for_o though_o it_o have_v no_o better_a title_n in_o these_o late_a time_n than_o officium_fw-la 13._o because_o among_o other_o of_o the_o king_n escript_n it_o form_v writ_n remedial_a for_o such_o as_o have_v receive_v wrong_n yet_o even_o by_o that_o work_n it_o be_v in_o repute_n for_o so_o much_o skill_n in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o it_o be_v as_o well_o able_a to_o advise_v a_o remedy_n as_o to_o advise_v the_o complainants_n where_o to_o have_v it_o and_o yet_o it_o have_v one_o advantage_n further_o that_o it_o be_v a_o office_n of_o remembrance_n to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a trust_n in_o the_o law_n and_o give_v such_o credit_n to_o all_o act_n do_v before_o he_o as_o be_v enter_v into_o the_o remembrance_n become_v of_o the_o high_a nature_n of_o record_n against_o which_o no_o plea_n do_v lie_v among_o these_o matter_n of_o debt_n and_o contract_n come_v into_o the_o account_n this_o office_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o record_n take_v cognizance_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o for_o the_o execute_n thereof_o and_o thus_o in_o these_o and_o suchlike_a case_n grant_v judicial_a writ_n and_o so_o find_v out_o a_o way_n of_o judicature_n to_o as_o many_o cause_n as_o the_o state_n will_v trust_v it_o with_o 8._o and_o because_o it_o pretend_v cognizance_n only_o of_o matter_n of_o record_n before_o they_o they_o find_v out_o a_o way_n of_o examine_v of_o witness_n by_o commission_n and_o return_v their_o deposition_n in_o writing_n which_o be_v become_v a_o record_n before_o they_o they_o give_v their_o sentence_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n without_o the_o ancient_a ordinary_a trial_n per_fw-la pares_fw-la it_o become_v a_o kind_n of_o peculiar_a exempt_n itself_o from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n in_o manner_n of_o trial_n and_o from_o the_o ordinary_a rule_n of_o law_n in_o give_v of_o sentence_n and_o as_o a_o backdoor_n for_o the_o king_n be_v arbitry_a in_o case_n of_o judicature_n in_o matter_n of_o common-plea_n as_o the_o council-table_n be_v in_o crown-plea_n they_o both_o be_v look_v upon_o with_o a_o very_a please_a eye_n of_o majesty_n which_o love_v not_o to_o be_v straitlaced_n yet_o all_o be_v embattel_v under_o the_o colour_n of_o equity_n honour_n conveniency_n and_o conscience_n like_o a_o monopoly_n that_o be_v breed_v under_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o public_a but_o feed_v itself_o upon_o it_o that_o this_o have_v attain_v the_o title_n of_o a_o court_n so_o ancient_o as_o in_o king_n steven_n time_n as_o the_o honourable_a reporter_n note_v i_o much_o question_n 78._o by_o the_o title_n that_o fleta_n give_v it_o in_o late_a time_n nor_o under_o his_o favour_n will_v that_o testimony_n cite_v out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o ely_n warrant_v it_o but_o upon_o a_o mistake_a ground_n of_o misplace_v the_o note_n of_o distinction_n for_o i_o take_v the_o word_n to_o be_v thus_o translate_v king_n etheldred_n determine_v and_o grant_v that_o the_o church_n of_o fly_n shall_v for_o ever_o in_o the_o king_n court_n hold_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o not_o hold_v the_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o chancery_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o these_o time_n bring_v it_o to_o that_o condition_n that_o it_o may_v well_o carry_v that_o name_n if_o former_o it_o have_v not_o for_o it_o grow_v very_o fast_o both_o in_o honour_n and_o power_n and_o this_o not_o by_o usurpation_n though_o it_o do_v exceed_v but_o by_o express_a donation_n from_o the_o parliament_n yet_o be_v this_o power_n much_o darken_v in_o the_o limit_n and_o extent_n thereof_o chief_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o chancellor_n be_v betrust_v with_o many_o thing_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o evidence_n for_o the_o chancery_n to_o claim_v any_o cognizance_n for_o he_o be_v in_o these_o time_n a_o person_n of_o many_o interest_n and_o relation_n be_v one_o of_o the_o quorum_fw-la in_o the_o star-chamber_n of_o the_o king_n council_n chief_a in_o the_o chancery_n most_o common_o a_o clergyman_n and_o therewith_o legate_n à _fw-fr latere_fw-la and_o in_o these_o several_a relation_n may_v act_v direct_o and_o yet_o in_o several_a court_n and_o therefore_o though_o he_o have_v power_n with_o other_o to_o punish_v neglect_n of_o execution_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o wine_n 5._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o also_o of_o the_o statute_n concernign_a victual_n and_o to_o determine_v matter_n of_o controversy_n between_o party_n in_o case_n depend_v before_o the_o parliament_n and_o in_o some_o matter_n that_o concern_v the_o king_n revenue_n yet_o can_v these_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n belong_v to_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o chancery_n but_o to_o the_o chancellor_n by_o special_a commission_n in_o another_o relation_n albeit_o i_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o court_n itself_o have_v cognizance_n in_o matter_n of_o as_o strange_a a_o nature_n viz._n to_o punish_v disturbance_n of_o merchant_n in_o their_o trade_n 13._o to_o see_v to_o the_o execute_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o purveyor_n and_o to_o remedy_n grievance_n contrary_a to_o other_o statute_n which_o general_a word_n let_v in_o a_o wild_a liberty_n to_o that_o court_n to_o intermeddle_v in_o law_n which_o be_v never_o intend_v for_o their_o touch_n to_o punish_v nuisance_n according_a to_o discretion_n 24._o to_o give_v remedy_n to_o merchant_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o staple_n so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a enough_o the_o parliament_n intend_v it_o shall_v be_v a_o court_n and_o give_v their_o seal_n to_o their_o power_n of_o judicature_n nor_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v this_o any_o regret_n to_o the_o court_n of_o common-law_n but_o as_o a_o thing_n take_v for_o grant_v for_o the_o report_n tell_v we_o that_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v tithe_n arise_v from_o without_o the_o bound_n of_o any_o parish_n the_o patentee_n shall_v sue_v in_o the_o chancery_n by_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la and_o shall_v there_o proceed_v to_o
former_o breed_v by_o the_o canon_n nourish_v by_o continual_a practice_n allow_v by_o ordinance_n of_o parliament_n or_o grant_v from_o king_n in_o parliament_n be_v now_o confirm_v by_o solemn_a concurrence_n of_o the_o whole_a representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v with_o warranty_n and_o yet_o the_o sense_n be_v not_o so_o general_a as_o the_o word_n nor_o do_v it_o seem_v much_o other_o than_o a_o confection_n make_v for_o the_o arch-bishop_n appetite_n 5._o to_o cure_v a_o distemper_n between_o he_o and_o the_o king_n for_o the_o civil_a judge_n lose_v nothing_o hereby_o nor_o will_v the_o crown_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o law_n of_o equal_a authority_n with_o the_o former_a 9_o for_o though_o a_o executor_n or_o administrator_n may_v cheat_v yet_o it_o tell_v we_o that_o ordinary_n only_o can_v oppress_v and_o extort_v from_o dead_a man_n and_o therefore_o in_o such_o case_n do_v provide_v remedy_n by_o enquiry_n and_o indictment_n before_o the_o king_n justice_n they_o shall_v have_v cognizance_n of_o usury_n during_o the_o delinquent_n life_n 5._o and_o the_o king_n after_o the_o delinquent_n death_n the_o difference_n arise_v from_o the_o different_a end_n the_o first_o be_v to_o reform_v the_o person_n by_o church-censure_n and_o to_o urge_v he_o to_o restitution_n the_o latter_a be_v for_o the_o king_n be_v fine_a or_o forfeiture_n for_o as_o touch_v the_o usurer_n estate_n 24._o the_o offence_n be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o felony_n forfeit_v both_o land_n and_o good_n to_o the_o king_n after_o the_o delinquent_n death_n and_o it_o seem_v the_o manner_n be_v to_o indict_v the_o delinquent_n during_o his_o life_n and_o that_o stick_v to_o he_o as_o a_o deadly_a arrow_n in_o his_o side_n till_o he_o die_v nor_o do_v it_o lie_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o ordinary_a by_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n so_o to_o reform_v the_o offender_n as_o to_o clear_v he_o to_o the_o king_n unless_o the_o party_n offend_v make_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n by_o composition_n porff_n and_o thus_o the_o law_n continue_v for_o aught_o appear_v to_o i_o till_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o they_o shall_v have_v cognizance_n of_o avoidance_n of_o benefice_n of_o right_n clero_fw-la they_o shall_v certify_v bigamy_n and_o bastardy_n have_v beyond_o the_o sea_n 4._o and_o whether_o a_o prior_n be_v perpetual_a or_o dative_n the_o first_o of_o these_o concern_v avoidance_n of_o church_n it_o seem_v be_v somewhat_o doubtful_a in_o point_n of_o practice_n for_o that_o the_o civil_a judge_n use_v to_o determine_v all_o manner_n of_o avoidance_n as_o well_o in_o fact_n as_o of_o right_a but_o by_o this_o statute_n they_o be_v restrain_v only_o unto_o avoidance_n in_o fact_n so_o as_o after_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o avoidance_n by_o death_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o country_n but_o if_o the_o avoidance_n be_v by_o deprivation_n resignation_n creation_n 85._o or_o otherwise_o it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o ordinary_a because_o by_o common_a intendment_n he_o be_v more_o conusant_n of_o the_o thing_n than_o countrypeople_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o point_n of_o bigamy_n the_o matter_n be_v more_o doubtful_a in_o regard_n that_o common_o the_o marriage_n of_o a_o second_o wife_n or_o widow_n be_v a_o matter_n in_o fact_n do_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o which_o they_o take_v notice_n especial_o where_o the_o life_n of_o man_n be_v concern_v which_o rather_o require_v the_o judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n than_o where_o the_o outward_a maintenance_n only_o be_v engage_v nevertheless_o because_o the_o main_a point_n be_v whether_o the_o party_n be_v a_o clerk_n or_o not_o and_o the_o same_o ancient_o rest_v upon_o the_o certificate_n of_o the_o ordinary_a it_o be_v by_o this_o law_n again_o allow_v to_o he_o to_o try_v and_o certify_v this_o point_n of_o bigamy_n also_o although_o the_o statute_n of_o bigamist_n may_v seem_v to_o entitle_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n thereto_o 8._o as_o the_o law_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v before_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o the_o next_o place_n although_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o the_o trial_n of_o bastardy_n beyond_o the_o sea_n may_v as_o well_o lie_v in_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o lay-magistrate_n as_o in_o that_o of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a yet_o see_v the_o clergy_n have_v already_o attain_v the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o thing_n the_o place_n prove_v but_o a_o matter_n of_o circumstance_n especial_o they_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n in_o this_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o ecclesiastical_a person_n beyond_o the_o sea_n have_v also_o obtain_v the_o cognizance_n of_o that_o matter_n among_o themselves_o their_o testimony_n or_o certificate_n will_v come_v with_o more_o credit_n to_o the_o clergy_n in_o this_o kingdom_n than_o to_o the_o magistrate_n who_o cognizance_n in_o such_o case_n they_o do_v disallow_v last_o concern_v priory_n whereas_o some_o be_v presentative_a and_o fill_v by_o induction_n from_o the_o ordinary_a and_o other_o be_v donative_n have_v their_o prior_n mere_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o abbot_n to_o be_v place_v and_o displace_v as_o he_o think_v most_o expedient_a if_o then_o the_o point_n in_o issue_n depend_v upon_o this_o knot_n this_o law_n refer_v the_o trial_n unto_o the_o ordinary_a who_o by_o common_a presumption_n best_o know_v whether_o any_o institution_n and_o induction_n have_v pass_v his_o registry_n and_o seal_n or_o not_o and_o thus_o though_o a_o kind_n of_o judicial_a power_n seem_v to_o be_v carry_v along_o herewith_o yet_o be_v all_o in_o a_o ministerial_a and_o subservient_fw-fr way_n unto_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n and_o nevertheless_o with_o such_o credit_n and_o authority_n that_o the_o main_a hinge_n of_o the_o judicatory_a in_o such_o case_n depend_v upon_o the_o dash_n of_o their_o pen._n no_o bishop_n 1._o nor_o archbishop_n shall_v be_v impeach_v before_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n without_o the_o king_n express_a warrant_n the_o former_a particular_n concern_v matter_n of_o authority_n this_o and_o other_o ensue_v concern_v matter_n of_o immunity_n which_o or_o most_o of_o which_o be_v former_o for_o a_o long_a time_n within_o the_o fancy_n of_o the_o canon_n but_o never_o come_v to_o the_o height_n of_o parliamentary_a approbation_n or_o authority_n till_o now_o that_o it_o come_v in_o as_o a_o peace-offering_a to_o pacify_v the_o quarrel_n between_o the_o archbishop_n stratford_n and_o the_o king._n for_o he_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o french_a war_n so_o resolve_v to_o continue_v and_o therefore_o to_o maintain_v distemper_n at_o home_n he_o hold_v neither_o honourable_a nor_o safe_a their_o temporalty_n shall_v not_o be_v waste_v during_o the_o vacancy_n nor_o shall_v they_o be_v seize_v 2._o but_o by_o judgement_n of_o the_o court._n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v a_o ancient_a law_n ground_v upon_o great_a reason_n although_o dull_v by_o time_n and_o by_o covetousness_n of_o the_o needy_a patron_n next_o to_o lay_v aside_o if_o not_o quite_o put_v out_o of_o countenance_n so_o as_o a_o new_a law_n must_v be_v make_v to_o revive_v it_o and_o to_o abolish_v that_o corrupt_a custom_n or_o practice_n of_o depredate_v those_o possession_n give_v to_o a_o holy_a use_n in_o common_a supposal_n contrary_a to_o the_o trust_n by_o they_o undertake_v and_o the_o use_n still_o continue_v but_o the_o second_o branch_n be_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o law_n of_o restraint_n set_v upon_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o person_n of_o these_o spiritualised_a man_n be_v of_o so_o airy_a a_o constitution_n as_o they_o can_v not_o be_v hold_v by_o hand_n make_v out_o of_o the_o clay_n such_o as_o the_o rude_a laity_n be_v and_o therefore_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n upon_o all_o occasion_n use_v to_o lay_v hold_n upon_o that_o whereof_o there_o be_v some_o feel_n which_o be_v call_v temporality_n and_o thereby_o draw_v they_o to_o appearance_n at_o the_o lay-court_n for_o however_o spiritual_a the_o clergy_n be_v they_o will_v not_o easy_o part_v with_o their_o lay-fee_n but_o now_o by_o this_o law_n the_o time_n be_v so_o attenuate_v that_o the_o very_a temporality_n be_v make_v so_o spiritual_a as_o not_o to_o be_v meddle_v with_o by_o the_o lay-magistrate_n unless_o upon_o judgement_n first_o obtain_v against_o they_o and_o suitable_o thereunto_o within_o twelve_o year_n follow_v another_o law_n be_v make_v more_o punctual_a that_o their_o temporalty_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v upon_o for_o contempt_n 6._o but_o that_o their_o person_n shall_v be_v seize_v yet_o within_o twenty_o year_n after_o that_o this_o law_n begin_v to_o be_v out_o of_o countenance_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n begin_v to_o grow_v bold_a upon_o the_o ancient_a rule_n that_o their_o temporality_n be_v temporal_a though_o their_o person_n be_v spiritual_a and_o that_o it_o be_v more_o dangerous_a to_o
reserve_n unto_o the_o king_n letters-patent_n yet_o in_o that_o the_o power_n be_v limit_v not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o time_n but_o of_o the_o person_n and_o also_o of_o the_o statute_n that_o be_v to_o be_v repeal_v it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o vindicate_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o prerogative_n if_o such_o it_o be_v to_o be_v no_o way_n inherent_a but_o acquire_v by_o concession_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o legislative_a power_n they_o will_v not_o trust_v it_o in_o the_o least_o manner_n to_o any_o other_o king._n the_o parliament_n have_v crown_v proclamation_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o 8._o with_o that_o royal_a title_n of_o law_n in_o manner_n as_o former_o have_v be_v note_v now_o all_o interest_n both_o of_o the_o popish_a and_o of_o the_o reform_a party_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v against_o it_o the_o former_a because_o they_o see_v the_o king_n be_v present_a way_n to_o be_v against_o they_o and_o both_o it_o and_o the_o latter_a because_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v abominable_a unto_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v soon_o take_v away_o by_o repeal_n and_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v whole_o re-assumed_n to_o themselves_o 12._o as_o former_o for_o though_o in_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a the_o power_n of_o the_o crown_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v more_o pre-eminent_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o supremacy_n 22._o and_o some_o particular_a power_n in_o make_v bishop_n by_o election_n without_o congee_n d'eslire_fw-la yet_o do_v the_o parliament_n neither_o yield_v or_o acknowledge_v any_o legislative_a power_n to_o be_v in_o the_o crown_n thereby_o but_o proceed_v on_o in_o that_o way_n of_o the_o thirty_o and_o two_o commissioner_n former_o agree_v upon_o by_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o king_n father_n thus_o the_o king_n though_o a_o infant_n be_v a_o gainer_n 11._o and_o the_o crown_n nevertheless_o still_o the_o same_o second_o that_o crown_n that_o may_v be_v wear_v by_o a_o infant_n may_v much_o rather_o be_v wear_v by_o a_o woman_n who_o natural_a endowment_n do_v far_o exceed_v the_o other_o and_o be_v not_o inferior_a unto_o the_o most_o of_o man_n of_o this_o we_o have_v two_o example_n in_o these_o time_n queen_n mary_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o several_a profession_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n and_o liable_a to_o exception_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o sex_n by_o man_n of_o the_o counter-profession_n on_o both_o side_n yet_o both_o uphold_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o crown_n though_o therein_o the_o one_o more_o especial_o be_v neither_o engage_v in_o the_o roman_a cause_n nor_o in_o the_o estate_n of_o marriage_n as_o the_o other_o be_v this_o be_v queen_n elizabeth_n in_o person_n a_o woman_n but_o in_o mind_n endow_v with_o all_o the_o perfection_n of_o a_o man_n she_o can_v not_o endure_v to_o abate_v one_o hair_n breadth_n of_o her_o state_n and_o yet_o upon_o the_o sole_a regard_n of_o her_o sex_n she_o submit_v her_o title_n of_o supremacy_n to_o a_o more_o moderate_a name_n of_o supreme_a governor_n whereas_o her_o father_n will_v be_v call_v supreme_a head_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o only_o hazardous_a but_o hideous_a for_o a_o woman_n to_o be_v supreme_a head_n of_o the_o church_n 1._o and_o for_o this_o cause_n will_v she_o not_o receive_v that_o statute_n make_v by_o her_o father_n and_o continue_v by_o her_o brother_n edward_n the_o six_o and_o repeal_v by_o her_o sister_n queen_n mary_n nevertheless_o such_o as_o she_o be_v 1._o she_o have_v all_o such_o jurisdiction_n privilege_n superiority_n and_o pre-eminencies_a spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a as_o by_o any_o ecclesiastical_a power_n or_o authority_n former_o have_v be_v or_o may_v be_v lawful_o exercise_v for_o visitation_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n and_o person_n and_o for_o reformation_n order_n and_o correction_n of_o the_o same_o and_o all_o manner_n of_o error_n heresy_n schism_n abuse_n offence_n contempt_n and_o enormity_n 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god_n in_o case_n of_o forfeiture_n and_o imprisonment_n last_o neither_o have_v the_o queen_n nor_o her_o commissioner_n nor_o bishop_n absolute_a power_n over_o the_o church-censure_n no_o censure_n be_v regard_v but_o excommunication_n and_o that_o no_o further_o than_o in_o order_n to_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr excommunicato_fw-la capiendo_fw-la and_o in_o all_o case_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n in_o that_o case_n provide_v 23._o or_o by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o case_n of_o action_n in_o all_o which_o we_o find_v no_o jurisdiction_n in_o case_n ecclesiastical_a that_o be_v absolute_o settle_v in_o the_o crown_n in_o matter_n temporal_a the_o thing_n be_v yet_o more_o clear_a she_o never_o alter_v continue_a repeal_v nor_o explain_v any_o law_n otherwise_o than_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n whereof_o there_o be_v multitude_n of_o example_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o her_o reign_n and_o what_o she_o do_v by_o her_o judge_n be_v ever_o 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