venire_fw-la omnes_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la dominico_fw-la victu_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la de_fw-la heli_n et_fw-la volo_fw-la ut_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la eas_fw-la habeat_fw-la sicut_fw-la habuit_fw-la die_fw-la qua_fw-la edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la fuit_fw-la vivus_fw-la et_fw-la mortuus_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la dixerit_fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la de_fw-la meo_fw-la dono_fw-la aliquid_fw-la habeat_fw-la mandate_n in_fw-la magnitudinem_fw-la terrae_fw-la et_fw-la quomodo_fw-la eam_fw-la reclamat_fw-la et_fw-la ego_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la audiero_n aut_fw-la ei_fw-la inde_fw-la escambitionem_fw-la reddam_fw-la aut_fw-la aliud_fw-la faciam_fw-la facite_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la abbas_n symeon_n habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la confuetudines_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la abbatiam_fw-la de_fw-la heli_n pertinent_a sicut_fw-la eas_fw-la habebat_fw-la antecessor_n ejus_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la preterea_fw-la facite_fw-la ut_fw-la abbas_n seisitus_fw-la sit_fw-la de_fw-la illis_fw-la theinlandis_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la abbatiam_fw-la pertinebant_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la fuit_fw-la mortuus_fw-la inquisition_n si_fw-la illi_fw-la qui_fw-la eas_fw-la habent_fw-la secum_fw-la concordare_fw-la noluerint_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la istud_fw-la placitum_fw-la summonete_fw-la willielmum_fw-la de_fw-fr guaregnna_n et_fw-la richardum_fw-la filium_fw-la gisleberti_fw-la et_fw-la hugonem_fw-la de_fw-fr monteforti_fw-la et_fw-la goffridum_fw-la de_fw-fr manna_n villâ_fw-la et_fw-la radulfum_n de_fw-fr belfo_n et_fw-la herveum_fw-la bituricensem_fw-la et_fw-la hardewinum_fw-la de_fw-fr escaler_n et_fw-la alios_fw-la quos_fw-la abbas_n vobis_fw-la nominabit_fw-la upon_o these_o writ_n many_o useful_a thing_n may_v be_v observe_v but_o i_o will_v confine_v myself_o as_o nigh_o as_o i_o can_v to_o my_o purpose_n from_o they_o as_o interpret_v by_o equal_a authority_n of_o history_n it_o appear_v that_o wil._n the_o first_o use_v to_o commissionate_a several_a of_o his_o baron_n i_o will_v not_o oppose_v their_o be_v his_o great_a tenant_n in_o chief_a these_o be_v to_o preside_v in_o the_o trial_n of_o matter_n within_o ordinary_a justice_n which_o be_v to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o several_a county_n where_o the_o question_n arise_v sometime_o in_o one_o county_n sometime_o in_o several_a together_o as_o the_o man_n of_o the_o several_a county_n that_o be_v the_o several_a county_n be_v unite_v sometime_o these_o great_a man_n sometime_o the_o sheriff_n be_v to_o summon_v the_o party_n and_o to_o take_v care_n that_o a_o inquest_n of_o the_o county_n or_o counties_n concern_v be_v impanel_v in_o the_o county_n that_o be_v by_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o freeholder_n the_o king_n commissioner_n be_v to_o pronounce_v the_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n name_n or_o stead_n so_o the_o bishop_n of_o constance_n do_v right_a to_o lanfranc_n 200._o it_o be_v judicio_fw-la baronum_fw-la regis_fw-la qui_fw-la placitum_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la and_o yet_o ex_fw-la communi_fw-la omnium_fw-la astipulatione_fw-la &_o judicio_fw-la the_o inquest_n upon_o their_o oath_n find_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n the_o judge_n state_v it_o to_o the_o people_n and_o deliver_v their_o judgement_n to_o which_o the_o primores_fw-la &_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la assent_v for_o it_o be_v ex_fw-la communi_fw-la omnium_fw-la astipulatione_fw-la 1._o this_o agree_v with_o what_o bracton_n say_v of_o the_o law_n pass_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n de_fw-fr concilio_n &_o consensu_fw-la magnatum_fw-la &_o reipublicae_fw-la communi_fw-la sponsione_n but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o king_n writ_n be_v to_o the_o great_a man_n to_o do_v justice_n to_o which_o the_o book_n give_v a_o answer_n that_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v not_o change_v the_o nature_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o court_n and_o therefore_o though_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n or_o a_o justity_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n b._n yet_o the_o suitor_n in_o the_o county_n court_n be_v judge_n and_o what_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o wil._n the_o first_o case_n be_v to_o be_v gather_v from_o what_o continue_v to_o the_o freeholder_n or_o suitor_n of_o the_o county_n court_n of_o chester_n even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o assignat_fw-la upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o remove_v a_o judgement_n out_o of_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n into_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o a_o plea_n of_o land_n the_o chief_a justice_n of_o chester_n certify_v that_o the_o judicatores_fw-la et_fw-la sectatores_fw-la the_o suitor_n at_o the_o county_n court_n clamant_fw-la habere_fw-la talem_fw-la libertatem_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o tali_fw-la casu_fw-la debent_fw-la omnes_fw-la barones_n &_o eorum_fw-la seneschal_n ac_fw-la judicatores_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la comitatus_fw-la summoniri_fw-la audituri_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la processum_fw-la &_o recordum_fw-la &_o illa_fw-la antiquam_fw-la sigilla_fw-la sua_fw-la apponant_fw-la si_fw-la fuerit_fw-la infra_fw-la tertium_fw-la comitatum_fw-la per_fw-la seipsos_fw-la emendare_fw-la et_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la libertates_fw-la a_o tempore_fw-la quo_fw-la non_fw-la exstat_fw-la memoria_fw-la usi_fw-la sunt_fw-la et_fw-la gavisi_fw-la and_o the_o chief_a justice_n far_o certify_v quòd_fw-la fecit_fw-la summoniri_fw-la omnes_fw-la barones_n et_fw-la judicatores_fw-la according_o the_o party_n assemble_v at_o the_o council_n of_o pinnedene_n be_v the_o primores_fw-la et_fw-la probi_fw-la viri_fw-la of_o the_o county_n concern_v which_o answer_n to_o the_o proceres_fw-la et_fw-la fideles_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o the_o union_n of_o all_o the_o county_n in_o parliament_n as_o in_o the_o 42_o of_o henry_n 3_o which_o in_o another_o record_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n be_v branch_v out_o into_o hanz_fw-fr hommes_fw-fr e_fw-la prodes_fw-la hommes_fw-fr 4._o there_o be_v the_o primores_fw-la et_fw-la probi_fw-la viri_fw-la e_fw-la du_fw-fr commun_fw-fr de_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr realm_n that_o be_v as_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o staple_n have_v it_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earl_n baron_n the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o county_n grands_fw-fr des_fw-fr county's_n as_o the_o french_a 1353._o and_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n and_o borroughs_n the_o testimony_n of_o eadmerus_n concern_v the_o party_n to_o the_o judgement_n at_o pinnedene_n confirm_v i_o in_o my_o opinion_n that_o the_o summons_n to_o a_o great_a council_n as_o i_o take_v it_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n mention_v by_o simon_n of_o durham_n and_o florentius_n wygorniensis_fw-la 641._o which_o be_v to_o all_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n earl_n baron_n sheriff_n with_o their_o knight_n be_v not_o to_o they_o and_o those_o only_o who_o hold_v of_o they_o by_o knight_n service_n coegit_fw-la for_o more_o than_o such_o be_v judge_n even_o for_o matter_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n within_o the_o county_n but_o that_o it_o be_v to_o they_o and_o the_o sheriff_n knight_n the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o county_n who_o be_v by_o st._n edward_n law_n oblige_v to_o find_v arm_n and_o become_v knight_n milites_fw-la as_o soon_o as_o by_o public_a authority_n they_o take_v arm_n the_o ancient_a form_n of_o manumission_n prove_v this_o sufficient_o siquis_fw-la velit_fw-la servum_fw-la suum_fw-la liberum_fw-la facere_fw-la tradet_fw-la eum_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la per_fw-la manum_fw-la dextram_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la et_fw-la quietum_fw-la illum_fw-la clamare_fw-la debet_fw-la a_o jugo_fw-la servitutis_fw-la suae_fw-la per_fw-la manumissionem_fw-la et_fw-la ostendat_fw-la ei_fw-la liberas_fw-la portas_fw-la et_fw-la vivias_fw-la et_fw-la tradat_fw-la illi_fw-la libera_fw-la arma_fw-la 11._o viz._n lanceam_fw-la et_fw-la gladium_fw-la et_fw-la deinde_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la efficitur_fw-la thus_o he_o become_v a_o freeman_n and_o the_o sheriff_n knight_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o all_o freeholder_n have_v the_o appellation_n of_o milites_fw-la 65._o be_v evident_a by_o many_o record_n and_o even_o a_o statute_n spicel_n that_o for_o the_o choice_n of_o coroner_n which_o be_v but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o common_a law_n as_o appear_v by_o several_a record_n 1._o before_o that_o time_n i_o will_v instance_n in_o one_o because_o one_o that_o have_v be_v choose_v coroner_n be_v neither_o a_o knight_n or_o freeman_n as_o that_o interpret_v itself_o nor_o yet_o discreet_a therefore_o a_o new_a choice_n be_v direct_v 3._o miles_n non_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la in_o servitio_fw-la alieno_fw-la et_fw-la juvenis_fw-la et_fw-la insufficiens_fw-la et_fw-la minus_fw-la discretus_fw-la here_o in_o servitio_fw-la alieno_fw-la a_o servant_n be_v put_v in_o contradistinction_n to_o miles_n that_o be_v to_o a_o freeholder_n or_o libre_fw-la tenens_fw-la et_fw-la here_o have_v the_o like_a import_n with_o sed_fw-la unless_o a_o man_n may_v have_v be_v a_o knight_n and_o yet_o no_o freeman_n the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o county_n of_o cornwall_n fine_a to_o the_o king_n for_o leave_v to_o choose_v their_o sheriff_n choose_v it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o record_n milites_fw-la de_fw-la com._n cornubiae_fw-la finem_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la rot._n fin_n 5_o h._n 3._o pars_fw-la 1_o a._n m_o 9_o and_o these_o which_o be_v here_o call_v by_o the_o general_a denomination_n of_o knight_n be_v in_o another_o record_n of_o the_o same_o specify_v under_o these_o name_n episcopus_fw-la comites_fw-la bar._n milites_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-la com._n so_o that_o all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o
jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n nova_fw-la or_o several_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n touch_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n immediate_a tenant_n and_o officer_n from_o the_o first_o of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o forty_o nine_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o revive_v and_o and_o clear_v wherein_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o common-council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n mention_v in_o king_n john_n charter_n and_o of_o the_o law_n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a concern_v clergy-men_n vote_v in_o capital_a case_n be_v submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o learned_a decipimur_fw-la specie_fw-la recti_fw-la hor._n london_n print_v for_o thomas_n basset_n at_o the_o george_n near_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1680._o jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n nova_fw-la that_o king_n john_n charter_n exhibit_v the_o full_a form_n of_o our_o english_a great_a and_o most_o general_a council_n in_o those_o day_n if_o i_o may_v faith_fw-mi so_o be_v the_o vulgar_a error_n of_o our_o learned_a man_n and_o it_o be_v that_o which_o have_v give_v the_o only_a prejudice_n to_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o judicious_a mr._n petyt_n who_o i_o must_v faith_fw-mi have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n and_o sure_a rule_n of_o understand_v the_o ancient_a record_n and_o history_n which_o mention_v the_o great_a or_o general_a council_n in_o his_o distinction_n between_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la 131._o and_o commune_v or_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n and_o the_o servitia_fw-la which_o be_v pay_v or_o perform_v by_o reason_n of_o tenure_n and_o those_o common_a prestation_n 37._o which_o bracton_n mention_n sunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la quaedam_fw-la commune_v praestationes_fw-la quae_fw-la servitia_fw-la non_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la veniunt_fw-la nisi_fw-la cum_fw-la necessitas_fw-la intervenerit_fw-la vel_fw-la cum_fw-la rex_fw-la venerit_fw-la sicut_fw-la sunt_fw-la hidagia_fw-la corragia_fw-la carvagia_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la plura_fw-la de_fw-la necessitate_v &_o consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la introducta_fw-la which_o be_v not_o call_v service_n nor_o come_v from_o custom_n but_o be_v only_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n acre_n or_o when_o the_o king_n meet_v his_o people_n as_o hidage_n courage_n and_o carvage_a and_o many_o other_o thing_n bring_v in_o by_o necessity_n and_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o i_o must_v observe_v upon_o the_o difference_n here_o take_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o maintain_v a_o real_a difference_n to_o insist_v upon_o it_o that_o none_o of_o these_o word_n be_v ever_o use_v to_o signify_v what_o be_v the_o natural_a signification_n of_o the_o other_o for_o example_n barones_n and_o milites_fw-la be_v sufficient_o distinct_a in_o their_o sense_n and_o yet_o when_o but_o one_o of_o the_o word_n be_v use_v either_o of_o they_o may_v and_o often_o do_v take_v in_o the_o other_o but_o when_o barones_n milites_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v set_v together_o the_o barones_n be_v a_o rank_n of_o man_n superior_a to_o the_o ordinary_a milites_fw-la it_o be_v enough_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o difference_n above_o mention_v be_v right_o take_v if_o according_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n and_o circumstance_n we_o can_v clear_o divide_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o now_o let_v we_o see_v the_o word_n of_o the_o charter_n 1215._o and_o observe_v whether_o they_o be_v mean_v of_o all_o general_n or_o common_a council_n for_o make_v of_o law_n and_o voluntary_a gift_n to_o the_o crown_n or_o only_o of_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o king_n immediate_a tenant_n nullum_fw-la scutagium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ponam_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la corpus_fw-la nostrum_fw-la redimendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitum_fw-la filium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la militem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la semel_fw-la maritandam_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la fiet_fw-la nisi_fw-la rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la simili_fw-la modo_fw-la fiat_fw-la de_fw-la civitate_fw-la londinensi_fw-la et_fw-la civitas_n londinensis_fw-la habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la antiquas_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la tam_fw-la per_fw-la terras_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la aquas_fw-la praeterea_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la &_o burgi_n &_o villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portubus_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la portus_fw-la habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudives_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o tribus_fw-la casibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la hear_v the_o london_n edition_n of_o matthew_n paris_n 247._o and_o that_o at_o tours_n make_v a_o period_n distinct_a from_o what_o follow_v and_o then_o the_o sense_n be_v that_o except_o in_o those_o three_o case_n wherein_o the_o king_n may_v take_v aid_n or_o escuage_z at_o the_o common_a law_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o common_a council_n for_o all_o other_o aid_n or_o escuage_z a_o common_a council_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n all_o city_n burrough_n parish_n or_o township_n that_o be_v the_o villani_n their_o inhabitant_n the_o baron_n or_o freeman_n of_o the_o five_o port_n and_o all_o port_n shall_v among_o other_o free_a custom_n enjoy_v their_o right_n of_o be_v of_o or_o constitute_v the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o so_o much_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o these_o or_o any_o beside_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la come_v before_o this_o charter_n and_o be_v at_o the_o make_n of_o it_o their_o right_n be_v preserve_v to_o they_o by_o it_o and_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o hen._n 3._o cap._n 9_o civitas_n lond._n 9_o habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la antiquas_fw-la 20._o &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la preterea_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la burgi_n villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portibus_fw-la &_o emne_v alii_fw-la portus_fw-la habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la and_o for_o a_o evidence_n of_o what_o be_v their_o custom_n and_o right_n as_o to_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n both_o these_o charter_n be_v make_v to_o and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o clergy_n count_n baron_n and_o freeman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n king_n john_n as_o mr._n selden_n tell_v we_o he_o conceive_v be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la 587._o as_o other_o particular_n be_v of_o the_o same_o time_n but_o the_o record_n which_o he_o cite_v in_o the_o margin_n put_v it_o out_o of_o all_o doubt_n that_o the_o charter_n be_v make_v by_o they_o all_o haec_fw-la est_fw-la conventio_fw-la inter_fw-la dominum_fw-la johannem_fw-la 21._o regem_fw-la angliae_fw-la ex_fw-la unâ_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o robertum_fw-la filium_fw-la walteri_fw-la marescallum_n dei_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la angliae_fw-la dorso_fw-la &_o ric._n com._n de_fw-fr clare_n etc._n etc._n &_o alios_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la ex_fw-la alterâ_fw-la parte_fw-la and_o in_o another_o record_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v inter_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o liberos_fw-la homines_fw-la dominii_fw-la nostri_fw-la so_o that_o the_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v present_a and_o who_o be_v at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o hen._n 3._o which_o have_v be_v so_o many_o time_n confirm_v it_o acquaint_v we_o at_o the_o end_n pro_fw-la hac_fw-la autem_fw-la donatione_fw-la &_o concessione_n libertatum_fw-la 38._o &_o aliarum_fw-la libertatum_fw-la in_o cartâ_fw-la de_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la forestae_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n pr._n comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la dederunt_fw-la nobis_fw-la quinto-decimam_a partem_fw-la omnium_fw-la mobilum_fw-la suorum_fw-la the_o charter_n here_o mention_v of_o the_o forest_n have_v be_v grant_v in_o the_o second_o of_o hen._n 3._o as_o be_v the_o great_a charter_n legèm_fw-la the_o party_n to_o the_o grant_n of_o a_o subsidy_n be_v the_o very_a same_o archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n milites_fw-la &_o liberè_fw-la tenentes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la not_o to_o produce_v here_o the_o proof_n of_o such_o general_a assembly_n from_o the_o conquest_n downward_o to_o the_o 49_o h._n 3._o i_o may_v say_v upon_o what_o i_o have_v already_o show_v that_o this_o interpretation_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n etc._n whereby_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n and_o make_v a_o common_a council_n for_o escuage_z only_o agree_v better_a with_o the_o record_n and_o history_n than_o the_o notion_n that_o they_o alone_o compose_v the_o whole_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v but_o i_o will_v take_v the_o word_n together_o even_o as_o they_o who_o be_v
rex_fw-la &_o magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la mat._n west_n anglicani_n regni_fw-la praesules_fw-la &_o proceres_fw-la 536._o gervasius_n 133._o episcopi_fw-la &_o proceres_fw-la radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la praelati_fw-la proceres_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o another_o 493._o clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la regni_fw-la hoveden_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o dr._n stillingfleet_n show_v we_o out_o of_o the_o quadripartite_a history_n 392._o the_o body_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o sr._n roger_n twisden_n term_v it_o clar._n yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o clause_n so_o much_o toss_v to_o and_o fro_o without_o any_o right_a settlement_n refer_v to_o the_o ordinary_a curia_fw-la regis_fw-la to_o which_o the_o king_n tenant_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o tenure_n to_o come_v and_o where_o ordinary_a justice_n or_o jurisdiction_n in_o all_o or_o most_o cause_n be_v exercise_v and_o this_o give_v some_o account_n why_o the_o bishop_n who_o have_v be_v from_o the_o norman_n acquisition_n downward_o tenant_n in_o chief_a because_o of_o their_o temporalty_n 152._o and_o during_o vacancy_n the_o guardian_n of_o those_o temporalty_n upon_o that_o very_a account_n have_v be_v particular_o summon_v why_o i_o say_v they_o shall_v be_v allow_v to_o vote_n in_o a_o legislative_a capacity_n which_o they_o have_v as_o proprietor_n though_o no_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n when_o they_o proceed_v by_o way_n of_o bill_n of_o attainder_n and_o yet_o tenure_n only_o qualify_a they_o for_o judge_n in_o parliament_n as_o before_o in_o the_o king_n ordinary_a curia_n interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la or_o at_o least_o they_o succeed_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o the_o curia_fw-la according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarend_a that_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o have_v as_o tenant_n or_o as_o succedaneous_a to_o such_o extend_v not_o to_o matter_n of_o blood_n it_o will_v not_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o come_n to_o the_o great_a council_n where_o the_o extraordinary_a power_n justice_n or_o legislature_n be_v exercise_v be_v mere_o because_o of_o tenure_n and_o that_o no_o body_n have_v right_a to_o be_v of_o the_o great_a council_n but_o they_o that_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o be_v member_n of_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n indeed_o when_o that_o be_v take_v away_o or_o disuse_v they_o that_o before_o be_v to_o do_v suit_n and_o service_n at_o the_o curia_n be_v to_o perform_v it_o at_o the_o great_a court_n the_o parliament_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o court_n where_o they_o can_v 2._o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o 8_o of_o ed._n 2._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o st._n alban_n plead_v that_o they_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o as_o other_o burrough_n be_v to_o come_v to_o parliament_n pro_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la but_o that_o the_o come_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n be_v mere_o because_o of_o tenure_n appear_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o constitution_n arch._n ep._n etc._n etc._n &_o universi_fw-la personae_fw-la regni_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la personatum_fw-la habent_fw-la possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la sicut_fw-la baroniam_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o sicut_fw-la barones_n caeteri_fw-la debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la 1387._o etc._n etc._n that_o be_v except_z as_o be_v there_o except_v these_o ecclesiastical_a tenant_n or_o baron_n be_v to_o be_v present_a 9â—_n or_o interest_v in_o the_o judgement_n together_o with_o the_o king_n justice_n and_o officer_n as_o the_o other_o baron_n that_o be_v lay-tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la it_o seem_v both_o ecclesiastic_n and_o lay-tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la yet_o i_o think_v caeteri_fw-la barones_n aught_o to_o be_v confine_v to_o they_o that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a by_o knight_n service_n for_o many_o hold_v in_o feodo_fw-la firmâ_fw-la by_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o certain_a rent_n or_o petty_a serjeanty_n the_o payment_n of_o a_o gild_a spur_n or_o the_o like_a pro_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la of_o which_o the_o record_n be_v full_a who_o be_v not_o ordinary_o to_o give_v their_o attendance_n at_o the_o curia_n but_o tenure_n per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la be_v i_o take_v it_o in_o those_o time_n no_o more_o than_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n in_o capite_fw-la this_o perhaps_o i_o can_v prove_v by_o many_o record_n i_o shall_v instance_n in_o one_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o noble_a peer_n of_o this_o realm_n now_o earl_n late_a baron_n of_o berkley_n as_o his_o ancestor_n have_v be_v ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 2._o one_o of_o his_o ancestor_n have_v the_o grant_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o berkley_n harness_n from_o hen._n 2._o term._n tenendum_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la &_o haereditate_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la per_fw-la servitium_fw-la quinque_fw-la militum_fw-la scac_n a_o office_n be_v find_v in_o edw._n the_o three_o time_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o maurice_n berkley_n and_o there_o it_o be_v that_o he_o hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la faciendo_fw-la inde_fw-la servitium_fw-la trium_fw-la militum_fw-la pro_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la two_o knight_n fee_n have_v be_v alien_v inde_fw-la upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o barony_n or_o rather_o the_o land_n be_v the_o knight_n service_n and_o the_o knight_n service_n make_v the_o barony_n as_o appear_v there_o be_v no_o particular_a word_n create_v any_o honourable_a tenure_n but_o what_o result_v from_o serve_v the_o king_n with_o man_n upon_o his_o own_o charge_n the_o number_n i_o take_v it_o make_v nothing_o towards_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o tenure_n these_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o king_n baron_n be_v oblige_v to_o be_v at_o the_o king_n court_n the_o more_o if_o at_o the_o great_a court_n when_o he_o shall_v call_v they_o the_o chief_a ground_n be_v upon_o their_o ordinary_a attendance_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o tenant_n that_o what_o relate_v to_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la within_o the_o const_n of_o clarendon_n be_v mean_v of_o the_o ordinary_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n court_n and_o consequent_o the_o ordinary_a court_n 100_o old_z ______o of_o gloucester_n be_v express_v yuf_fw-fr a_o man_n of_o holi-church_n have_v ein_fw-mi lay_v fee_n parson_n otherwhat_o he_o be_v he_o shall_v do_v therevore_fw-mi king_n service_n that_o there_o valth_n that_o be_v right_a ne_o be_v vorlore_fw-mi in_o play_v and_o in_o assize_n be_v and_o in_o judgement_n also_o but_o this_o far_a appear_v by_o the_o summons_n to_o and_o proceed_n at_o northampton_n the_o very_a next_o year_n this_o hoveden_n call_v curia_fw-la regis_fw-la 494._o and_o mr._n selden_n inform_v we_o out_o of_o a_o ancient_a author_n that_o the_o summons_n thither_o be_v only_o to_o the_o member_n of_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n 583._o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenebant_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la mandari_fw-la fecit_fw-la upon_o the_o bishop_n withdraw_a from_o the_o judge_n of_o becket_n the_o ground_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v soon_o examine_v quidam_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o barones_n secundae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la be_v add_v ms._n it_o be_v quidam_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la some_o sheriff_n it_o can_v not_o be_v all_o because_o several_a be_v majores_fw-la barones_n have_v the_o county_n in_o fee_n but_o this_o restraint_n seem_v not_o to_o reach_v to_o the_o barones_n secundae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la suppose_v that_o it_o do_v and_o so_o come_v only_o to_o the_o uppermost_a of_o they_o the_o vavasore_n perhaps_o that_o be_v inferior_a or_o mesne_n lord_n hold_v manor_n of_o other_o not_o the_o king_n still_o here_o be_v more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a and_o to_o be_v sure_a these_o be_v say_v to_o be_v add_v be_v more_o than_o the_o member_n of_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n and_o this_o court_n to_o which_o they_o be_v add_v be_v only_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n if_o we_o can_v show_v when_o this_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n determine_v and_o who_o succeed_v into_o the_o place_n of_o the_o ordinary_a member_n of_o it_o we_o may_v go_v far_o to_o clear_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n than_o perhaps_o have_v yet_o be_v do_v if_o the_o lord_n the_o great_a man_n succeed_v the_o court_n of_o tenant_n and_o be_v let_v into_o that_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o exercise_v and_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n of_o proof_n that_o clergyman_n in_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la ever_o vote_v in_o capital_a cause_n but_o if_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o prohibition_n run_v against_o judicia_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la and_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n refer_v to_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la where_o the_o ordinary_a judicia_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la be_v agitate_a and_o pronounce_v just_o they_o take_v themselves_o to_o be_v exclude_v the_o curia_n quando_fw-la de_fw-la illis_fw-la materiis_fw-la agitur_fw-la it_o will_v i_o think_v be_v evident_a that_o the_o bishop_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n answer_v to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n never_o have_v any_o right_n to_o
particular_a exclusion_n 2._o beside_o 590._o we_o have_v some_o good_a testimany_n of_o baron_n be_v distinguish_v by_o hold_v in_o chief_a from_o other_o that_o hold_v not_o in_o chief_a long_o before_o the_o end_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o or_o the_o time_n to_o which_o that_o ancient_a author_n refer_v the_o law_n of_o alteration_n which_o seem_v to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v then_o baron_n by_o writ_n only_o as_o well_o as_o ancient_a baron_n by_o tenure_n that_o testimony_n in_o mat._n paris_n rex_fw-la edicto_fw-la publicè_fw-la proposito_fw-la say_v he_o speak_v of_o the_o 29_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o et_fw-la submonitione_fw-la generaliter_fw-la facto_fw-la fecit_fw-la notificari_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la ut_fw-la quilibet_fw-la baro._n tenens_fw-la ex_fw-la rege_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la haberet_fw-la prompta_fw-la &_o parata_fw-la regali_fw-la praecepto_fw-la omne_fw-la servitia_fw-la militaria_fw-la quae_fw-la ei_fw-la debentur_fw-la tam_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o abbates_n quam_fw-la laici_fw-la barones_n baron_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la be_v mention_v here_o as_o if_o some_o hold_v not_o so_o paginis_fw-la which_o must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v baron_n by_o writ_n only_o thus_o much_o he_o yield_v here_o if_o there_o be_v not_o baron_n by_o writ_n there_o be_v in_o those_o time_n other_o baron_n beside_o baron_n by_o tenure_n mr._n camden_n and_o his_o author_n be_v in_o the_o right_n and_o the_o word_n baro_n be_v of_o large_a extent_n that_o be_v reach_v to_o every_o freeholder_n who_o according_a to_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n have_v that_o appellation_n however_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v because_o there_o be_v other_o baron_n beside_o baron_n by_o tenure_n that_o they_o must_v be_v by_o writ_n for_o what_o hinder_v but_o that_o they_o may_v have_v be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o possession_n and_o the_o free_a from_o feudall_a tenure_n so_o much_o the_o rather_o barones_n as_o freeman_n the_o distinction_n of_o barones_n majores_fw-la and_o minores_fw-la i_o take_v it_o have_v be_v movable_a sometime_o all_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a be_v majores_fw-la as_o in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n where_o the_o barones_n secundae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la that_o be_v minores_fw-la be_v add_v to_o sit_v upon_o the_o judgement_n with_o the_o tenant_n in_o chief_a in_o king_n john_n time_n we_o find_v majores_fw-la barones_n hold_v in_o chief_a &_o alios_fw-la so_o that_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o great_a baron_n be_v parcel_v out_o some_o that_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n be_v minores_fw-la barones_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o smallness_n of_o their_o estate_n but_o this_o be_v clear_a from_o record_n that_o writ_n of_o special_a summons_n make_v none_o baron_n out_o of_o parliament_n whatever_o they_o do_v in_o parliament_n except_o where_o there_o be_v such_o a_o unusual_a clause_n as_o we_o find_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o summons_n 27_o h._n 6._o volumus_fw-la enim_fw-la vos_fw-la &_o haeredes_fw-la vestros_fw-la masculos_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la vestro_fw-la legitimè_fw-la exeuntes_fw-la barones_n de_fw-la vescey_n existere_fw-la dorso_fw-la here_o be_v a_o special_a clause_n of_o creation_n to_o a_o barony_n but_o if_o the_o usual_a writ_n quatenus_fw-la writ_n of_o summons_n make_v none_o baron_n out_o of_o parliament_n and_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o ground_n of_o conjecture_n that_o such_o writ_n be_v devise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o it_o follow_v that_o when_o henry_n the_o three_o summon_v only_o his_o own_o tenant_n to_o perform_v their_o military_a service_n not_o to_o parliament_n and_o these_o be_v barones_n tenentes_fw-la in_fw-la capite_fw-la but_o there_o be_v other_o baron_n omit_v that_o these_o baron_n must_v have_v be_v such_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o freehold_n that_o a_o usual_a writ_n or_o writ_n of_o summons_n make_v none_o baron_n out_o of_o parliament_n appear_v very_o full_o in_o the_o case_n of_o thomas_n de_fw-fr furnivall_n in_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n thomas_n de_fw-fr furnivall_n have_v be_v amerce_v tanquam_fw-la baro._n scaccario_n he_o plead_v in_o discharge_n of_o his_o amercement_n that_o he_o be_v no_o baron_n nor_o hold_v by_o barony_n or_o part_n of_o a_o barony_n licet_fw-la ipse_fw-la baro_n non_fw-la sit_fw-la nec_fw-la terram_fw-la svam_fw-la per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la vel_fw-la partem_fw-la baroniae_fw-la teneat_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la idem_fw-la thomas_n pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la defaltis_n in_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la curiis_fw-la exonerando_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o eisdem_fw-la curiis_fw-la tanquam_fw-la baro_n amerciatus_fw-la fuit_fw-la now_o according_a to_o mr._n selden_n notion_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v plead_v that_o he_o be_v no_o baron_n in_o that_o he_o neither_o hold_v by_o barony_n nor_o have_v receive_v or_o use_v to_o receive_v special_a writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n but_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o only_a matter_n put_v in_o issue_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n be_v whether_o he_o hold_v by_o barony_n or_o no_o et_fw-la quia_fw-la barones_n ante_fw-la quam_fw-la ulterius_fw-la etc._n etc._n volunt_fw-la certiorari_fw-la super_fw-la superius_fw-la suggestis_fw-la concordatum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la inquiratur_fw-la inde_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la robertus_fw-la de_fw-la nottingham_n rememerator_fw-la huius_fw-la scaccarii_fw-la assignetur_fw-la ad_fw-la capiend_n ’_o inde_fw-la inquis_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la datus_fw-la &_o dies_fw-la prefato_fw-la thom._n per_fw-la attornatum_fw-la suum_fw-la breed_fw-mi hic_fw-la à _fw-la die_v pasche_n in_o unum_fw-la mensem_fw-la ad_fw-la audiend_n &_o reccipiend_n inde_fw-la quod_fw-la cur._n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v a_o inquisition_n direct_v into_o the_o several_a county_n where_o he_o have_v land_n to_o know_v how_o he_o hold_v they_o and_o according_a as_o his_o tenure_n appear_v to_o be_v be_v he_o to_o receive_v judgement_n upon_o his_o plea_n and_o it_o be_v certify_v upon_o the_o inquisition_n take_v that_o he_o hold_v not_o any_o land_n per_fw-la baronium_n vel_fw-la partem_fw-la baroniae_fw-la and_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n though_o we_o find_v not_o the_o judgement_n then_o give_v non_fw-la fuit_fw-la baro._n and_o yet_o this_o man_n have_v be_v call_v to_o thirty_o parliament_n before_o the_o time_n of_o his_o plea_n and_o his_o son_n as_o i_o take_v it_o be_v call_v to_o seven_o in_o the_o life-time_n of_o his_o father_n thomas_n de_fw-fr furnivall_n sen._n summonitus_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la ad_fw-la parl_n ’_o rot._n claus_n 23_o ed._n 1._o m._n 9_o dorso_fw-la rot._n claus_n 23_o ed._n 1._o m._n 3._o d._n 24._o ed._n 1._o m._n 7._o d_o 25._o m._n 25._o d._n 27._o m._n 18._o d._n 28._o m._n 16_o 17._o d._n 28._o m._n 2_o 3._o d._n 30._o m._n 7._o d._n 32._o m._n 2._o d._n 33._o m._n 21._o d._n 34._o m._n 2._o d._n 35._o m._n 13._o d._n rot._n claus_n 1_o ed._n 2._o m._n 19_o d._n 1._o m._n 11._o d._n 1._o m._n 8._o d._n 2._o m._n 11._o d._n 3._o m._n 17._o d._n 3._o m._n 16._o d._n 5._o m._n 17._o d._n 5._o m._n 3._o d._n 6._o m._n 31._o d._n 6._o m._n 17._o d._n 6._o m._n 2._o d._n 7._o m._n 15._o d._n 8._o m._n 25._o d._n 8._o m._n 29._o d._n 9_o m._n 22._o d._n 11._o m._n 14._o d._n 11._o m._n 12._o d._n 11._o m._n 8._o d._n thomas_n de_fw-fr furnival_n jun._n rot._n claus_n 12._o d._n 2._o m._n 29._o d._n 12._o m._n 11._o d._n 13._o m._n 13._o d._n 14._o m._n 23._o d._n 15._o m._n d._n 16._o m._n 26._o d._n 17._o m._n 27._o d._n this_o great_a man_n be_v no_o baron_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n baron_fw-fr then_o appropriate_v the_o several_a writ_n of_o summons_n have_v make_v he_o no_o baron_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v a_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o since_o the_o king_n dignatus_fw-la est_fw-la brevia_fw-la summonitionis_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la dirigere_fw-la according_a to_o mr._n camden_n he_o be_v before_o one_o of_o the_o multitude_n of_o baron_n the_o word_n baro_n which_o be_v applicable_a to_o all_o the_o nobility_n the_o freeholders_n in_o he_o pertinebat_fw-la ad_fw-la summum_fw-la honorem_fw-la mr._n selden_n last_o objection_n be_v this_o 3._o that_o old_a author_n also_o use_v by_o the_o learned_a camden_n 590._o speak_v of_o earl_n no_o otherwise_o than_o of_o baron_n as_o if_o some_o like_a exclusion_n have_v be_v of_o any_o of_o they_o also_o than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o advers._fw-la to_o the_o know_a truth_n both_o of_o that_o age_n and_o all_o time_n and_o even_o in_o that_o we_o have_v some_o character_n of_o the_o slightness_n of_o his_o authority_n whosoever_o he_o be_v this_o i_o conceive_v can_v be_v of_o no_o great_a weight_n for_o he_o may_v as_o well_o have_v say_v that_o baron_n be_v never_o exclude_v before_o and_o by_o the_o same_o consequence_n not_o then_o for_o i_o know_v not_o how_o any_o man_n can_v prove_v that_o earl_n have_v more_o right_o than_o baron_n in_o the_o most_o honourable_a acceptation_n especial_o but_o this_o be_v then_o make_v a_o law_n it_o
for_o he_o though_o the_o prince_n the_o head_n of_o the_o assembly_n be_v against_o he_o this_o controversy_n be_v adjourn_v to_o the_o curia_n 31._o on_o whitsuntide_n which_o still_o be_v no_o ordinary_a one_o anselm_n be_v celebrate_v a_o curia_n by_o himself_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v attend_v at_o the_o king_n be_v according_a to_o the_o adjournment_n but_o it_o seem_v he_o expect_v special_a summons_n which_o he_o have_v according_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n no_o formal_a writ_n but_o messenger_n the_o king_n tenuit_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o ipsâ_fw-la festivitate_fw-la apud_fw-la windlesoram_fw-la and_o there_o be_v proceres_fw-la 34._o et_fw-la coadunata_fw-la multitudo_fw-la a_o very_a solemn_a convention_n the_o authority_n cite_v by_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n say_v that_o the_o clergy_n be_v not_o at_o the_o council_n at_o roch._n 16._o in_o quo_fw-la fermè_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la praeter_fw-la episcopos_fw-la &_o clerum_fw-la convenitur_fw-la 455._o so_o that_o it_o will_v seem_v a_o precedent_n for_o that_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o bishop_n jewel_n of_o which_o he_o say_v our_o public_a monument_n that_o be_v record_n have_v it_o haâ—ito_fw-la rex_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la baronibus_fw-la parliamento_fw-la et_fw-la clero_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la arch._n et_fw-la ep._n excluso_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la there_o it_o seem_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o who_o undoubted_o come_v at_o that_o time_n without_o relation_n to_o tenure_n be_v barones_n svi_fw-la but_o whether_o the_o council_n at_o roch._n have_v the_o clergy_n present_a or_o no_o the_o bishop_n and_o baron_n tell_v anselm_n at_o another_o great_a council_n how_o much_o soever_o he_o think_v the_o assembly_n on_o his_o side_n 39_o that_o placitum_fw-la habitum_fw-la est_fw-la contra_fw-la se_fw-la his_o pretence_n be_v over_o rule_v totius_fw-la regni_fw-la adunatione_fw-la yet_o notwithstanding_o their_o sense_n then_o deliver_v they_o give_v a_o far_a day_n till_o whitsuntide_n so_o that_o in_o effect_n it_o be_v judgement_n nisi_fw-la then_o indeed_o anselm_n with_o a_o side_n wind_v get_v a_o advantage_n of_o the_o king_n he_o cunning_o wave_v the_o question_n whether_o he_o may_v swear_v obedience_n to_o the_o king_n and_o put_v it_o only_o whether_o the_o pall_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v from_o the_o pope_n or_o the_o king_n and_o carry_v that_o point_n that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o singular_a authority_n of_o saint_n peter_n 34._o this_o be_v a_o general_n council_n on_o the_o feast_n day_n adquievit_fw-la multitudo_fw-la omnis_fw-la unde_fw-la cum_fw-la omnes_fw-la silentio_fw-la pressi_fw-la conticuissent_fw-la statutum_n est_fw-la it_o seem_v till_o the_o multitude_n rest_v satisfy_v the_o law_n can_v not_o pass_v but_o two_o year_n after_o on_o whitsuntide_n be_v hold_v no_o more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n 2._o cum_fw-la igitur_fw-la in_o pentecoste_n festivitatis_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la regiae_n curiae_fw-la se_fw-la presentasset_fw-la peractis_fw-la igitur_fw-la festivioribus_fw-la diebus_fw-la diversorum_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la causae_fw-la in_o medium_n duci_fw-la ex_fw-la more_fw-it coeperunt_fw-la that_o it_o be_v usual_a when_o the_o height_n of_o the_o feast_n be_v over_o to_o go_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o cause_n or_o matter_n of_o ordinary_a judicature_n in_o august_n follow_v be_v hold_v a_o great_a council_n the_o king_n be_v de_fw-fr statu_fw-la regni_fw-la acturus_fw-la then_o he_o send_v out_o a_o general_n summons_n in_o sequenti_fw-la autem_fw-la mense_fw-la augusto_fw-la cum_fw-la de_fw-la statu_fw-la regni_fw-la acturus_fw-la rex_fw-la 38._o episcopos_fw-la abbates_n &_o quosque_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la praecepti_fw-la svi_fw-la sanctione_n egisset_fw-la &_o dispositis_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la adunationis_fw-la illius_fw-la causae_fw-la fuerant_fw-la etc._n etc._n anselm_n ask_v leave_v to_o go_v to_o rome_n but_o be_v deny_v it_o in_o october_n follow_v there_o be_v a_o general_a council_n at_o winchester_n wintoniae_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la ex_fw-la condicto_fw-la venimus_fw-la eadmerus_fw-la be_v there_o himself_o the_o first_o day_n the_o tumult_n from_o the_o vast_a multitude_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o can_v do_v nothing_o and_o therefore_o break_v up_o the_o court_n and_o adjourn_v to_o the_o next_o day_n orta_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la ex_fw-la his_fw-la quaedam_fw-la magna_fw-la tempestas_fw-la diversis_fw-la diversae_fw-la parti_fw-la acclamantibus_fw-la 38._o the_o sense_n of_o the_o assembly_n be_v that_o anselm_n shall_v observe_v the_o king_n law_n upon_o which_o he_o depart_v the_o realm_n in_o a_o pet_n it_o be_v pity_n eadmerus_n go_v with_o he_o so_o that_o we_o lose_v the_o account_n of_o what_o pass_v in_o his_o absence_n i_o think_v however_o we_o have_v enough_o to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v then_o no_o less_o nay_o great_a assembly_n than_o what_o now_o compose_v our_o parliament_n nay_o the_o very_a word_n parliament_n be_v not_o unknown_a in_o that_o time_n parliamentum_fw-la dixêre_fw-la croylandenses_n caenobitae_n sub_fw-la tempore_fw-la willielmi_n secundi_fw-la par._n for_o far_a proof_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o this_o king_n stand_v upon_o it_o that_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n 218._o secundum_fw-la judicium_fw-la tantum_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la in_o curiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la rectitudinem_fw-la ei_fw-la faceret_fw-la 1093._o that_o be_v be_v to_o do_v he_o right_o or_o answer_v his_o demand_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o curia_n or_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n malcolm_n plead_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o confine_n of_o both_o kingdom_n secundum_fw-la judicium_fw-la primorum_fw-la utriusque_fw-la regni_fw-la that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o great_a or_o general_a council_n of_o both_o kingdom_n unite_v and_o who_o be_v the_o primores_fw-la that_fw-mi constitute_v the_o great_a council_n of_o scotland_n even_o till_o the_o 23._o of_o james_n the_o first_o be_v evident_a by_o his_o act_n of_o alteration_n or_o recommendation_n of_o a_o change_n honour_n which_o have_v it_o that_o the_o small_a baron_n and_o fee-tenant_n or_o freeholder_n need_v not_o to_o come_v to_o parliament_n 287._o nor_o general_n council_n without_o election_n which_o show_v that_o till_o than_o they_o do_v and_o how_o they_o come_v here_o in_o this_o king_n time_n i_o leave_v any_o body_n to_o think_v as_o they_o please_v sure_o i_o be_o here_o be_v more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a there_o be_v one_o council_n in_o his_o reign_n which_o have_v no_o addition_n to_o it_o 492._o the_o author_n say_v only_o celebravit_fw-la concilium_fw-la and_o this_o i_o take_v it_o court_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o ordinary_a curia_n especial_o it_o be_v octabis_n epiphaniae_fw-la and_o there_o be_v a_o legal_a trial_n by_o duel_n and_o by_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n the_o party_n conquer_v have_v his_o eye_n pull_v out_o and_o his_o stone_n cut_v off_o that_o beside_o the_o great_a council_n this_o king_n above_o mention_v hold_v the_o ordinary_a curia_n sive_fw-la de_fw-la more_o we_o have_v clear_a authority_n 578._o cum_fw-la gloriosè_fw-la &_o patrio_fw-la honore_fw-la curiam_fw-la tenuisset_fw-la ad_fw-la natale_n apud_fw-la gloucester_n ad_fw-la pascha_fw-la apud_fw-la winchester_n ad_fw-la pentecosten_n apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la by_o the_o forego_n instance_n we_o may_v see_v notwithstanding_o virgil_n suppress_n eight_o as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lay_v the_o mss._n which_o may_v take_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o history_n how_o many_o rise_v up_o in_o judgement_n against_o his_o assertion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n h._n 1._o illud_fw-la oppositè_fw-fr habeo_fw-la dicere_fw-la reges_fw-la ante_fw-la haec_fw-la tempora_fw-la non_fw-la consuevisse_fw-la populi_fw-la conventum_fw-la consultandi_fw-la causâ_fw-la nisi_fw-la perrarò_fw-la facere_fw-la adeò_fw-la ut_fw-la ab_fw-la henrico_n id_fw-la institutum_fw-la jure_fw-la manâsse_fw-la dici_fw-la possit_fw-la and_o it_o seem_v the_o great_a mr._n lambert_n who_o possible_o be_v the_o first_o that_o after_o the_o age_n in_o which_o the_o word_n baronagium_n be_v use_v and_o know_v to_o express_v the_o full_a great_a council_n or_o parliament_n receive_v its_o true_a notion_n 263._o viz._n that_o both_o the_o nobility_n and_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v mean_v under_o these_o word_n the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n this_o great_a man_n it_o seem_v have_v not_o meet_v with_o those_o mss._n which_o since_o have_v offer_v their_o light_n to_o the_o world_n otherwise_o he_o will_v not_o have_v subscribe_v to_o the_o forego_n opinion_n of_o polydore_n virgil_n 237._o however_o polydore_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o his_o authority_n go_v give_v we_o to_o believe_v the_o frequency_n of_o such_o solemn_a council_n from_o this_o king_n time_n downward_o this_o prince_n be_v so_o please_v with_o his_o people_n and_o they_o so_o much_o at_o ease_n under_o his_o gentle_a reign_n there_o be_v that_o mutual_a confidence_n in_o each_o other_o that_o it_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o he_o ever_o hold_v a_o solitary_a curia_fw-la of_o tenant_n and_o officer_n only_o we_o find_v 49._o tota_n nobilitas_fw-la cum_fw-la populi_fw-la
vote_n in_o capital_a case_n but_o it_o lie_v upon_o i_o here_o to_o show_v when_o and_o how_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la go_v off_o i_o have_v before_o observe_v that_o the_o duty_n of_o tenant_n be_v either_o to_o attend_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n in_o his_o administration_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n or_o as_o a_o council_n to_o give_v he_o aid_v in_o lieu_n of_o or_o by_o way_n of_o advance_v upon_o their_o personal_a service_n in_o the_o war_n as_o they_o attend_v in_o the_o war_n they_o can_v not_o be_v a_o court_n or_o council_n and_o so_o no_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n their_o attendance_n be_v supersede_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 2_o or_o 9_o of_o hen._n 3._o communia_fw-la placita_fw-la non_fw-la sequantur_fw-la curiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la sed_fw-la teneantur_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la loco_fw-la certo_fw-la 11._o hereby_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v take_v from_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n chart_n and_o fix_v at_o the_o court_n in_o westminster-hall_n yet_o after_o this_o they_o continue_v a_o court_n or_o council_n for_o aid_n till_o the_o 34th_o of_o edw._n the_o first_o concedendo_fw-la and_o by_o that_o they_o be_v whole_o go_v as_o a_o separate_a court_n or_o council_n be_v from_o that_o time_n no_o tax_n nor_o aid_n can_v be_v raise_v without_o full_a consent_n of_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n when_o this_o court_n be_v go_v as_o before_o i_o observe_v we_o find_v tenant_n in_o chief_a plead_n that_o their_o come_n to_o the_o great_a court_n or_o parliament_n be_v pro_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la which_o show_v manifest_o that_o the_o great_a court_n not_o only_o take_v in_o the_o less_o as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v that_o and_o more_o but_o that_o it_o preserve_v the_o image_n of_o it_o and_o indeed_o what_o be_v a_o duty_n in_o they_o that_o come_v to_o or_o be_v member_n of_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n turn_v to_o a_o privilege_n or_o right_v in_o they_o who_o succeed_v to_o the_o dignity_n though_o not_o the_o service_n of_o tenant_n as_o the_o tenant_n be_v oblige_v by_o their_o tenure_n interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la they_o that_o succeed_v to_o their_o dignity_n have_v right_a to_o be_v judge_n in_o parliament_n and_o whereas_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v take_v away_o or_o defeat_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 3._o we_o find_v by_o britton_n suppose_v to_o have_v write_v in_o the_o five_o of_o his_o immediate_a successor_n that_o the_o baron_n be_v judge_n in_o parliament_n as_o the_o tenant_n and_o officer_n have_v be_v in_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la et_fw-fr en_fw-fr case_n ou_fw-fr nous_fw-fr sum_n party_n volon_n que_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr court_n soit_fw-fr judge_n sicome_a count_n &_o baron_n en_fw-fr temps_fw-fr de_fw-fr parliament_n bench._n now_o let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n the_o tenant_n who_o duty_n it_o exact_v the_o lay_v tenant_n dispute_v not_o be_v tenant_n by_o barony_n judicio_fw-la that_o be_v by_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o person_n or_o crown_n of_o the_o king_n and_o except_z as_o there_o be_v except_v be_v of_o duty_n to_o be_v present_a at_o all_o trial_n or_o judgement_n or_o to_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n in_o all_o cause_n mortem_fw-la but_o judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la vel_fw-la membrorum_fw-la they_o be_v not_o to_o meddle_v with_o when_o they_o come_v in_o judicio_fw-la in_o jurisdiction_n or_o the_o trial_n of_o cause_n ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la vel_fw-la membrorum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o such_o a_o cause_n or_o the_o exercise_n of_o such_o a_o jurisdiction_n other_o or_o such_o a_o trial_n they_o be_v to_o withdraw_v and_o this_o be_v the_o plain_a sense_n of_o judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la vel_fw-la membrorum_fw-la authentic_a give_v we_o by_o that_o great_a judge_n learned_a both_o in_o the_o common_a and_o civil_a law_n bracton_n who_o write_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 3._o grandson_n to_o this_o king_n who_o enforce_v the_o leges_fw-la avitas_fw-la in_o this_o particular_a and_o other_o contain_v in_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n this_o great_a lawyer_n 56._o have_v enumerate_v several_a privilege_n or_o jurisdiction_n grant_v from_o king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o subject_n among_o other_o thing_n have_v these_o word_n item_n si_fw-la cui_fw-la concedatur_fw-la talis_fw-la libertas_fw-la quod_fw-la habeat_fw-la soak_v &_o sake_n toll_n &_o they_o infangthef_fw-fr &_o utfangthef_n judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o membrorum_fw-la &_o furcas_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la quae_fw-la pertinent_a ad_fw-la executionem_fw-la judicii_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o this_o judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o membrorum_fw-la must_v be_v mean_v of_o the_o whole_a trial_n or_o jurisdiction_n otherwise_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o king_n grant_v those_o man_n liberty_n to_o pronounce_v or_o depute_v those_o that_o shall_v pronounce_v the_o final_a judgement_n who_o yet_o neither_o by_o themselves_o nor_o deputy_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o the_o praeliminary_n the_o question_n arise_v between_o and_o lead_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o judgement_n which_o be_v a_o absurd_a supposal_n the_o have_v judicium_fw-la or_o power_n in_o judicio_fw-la do_v not_o as_o i_o conceive_v any_o way_n suppose_v a_o trial_n already_o begin_v 34._o and_o the_o bishop_n present_v so_o far_o in_o it_o but_o when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o mutilation_n or_o death_n than_o they_o have_v leave_v to_o withdraw_v that_o be_v they_o be_v a_o court_n or_o of_o the_o court_n for_o such_o a_o cause_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o a_o court_n for_o such_o a_o cause_n for_o the_o cognizance_n of_o cause_n take_v in_o the_o judicium_fw-la the_o trial_n in_o the_o agitation_n agitare_fw-la judicium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o final_a or_o solemn_a pronounce_v of_o the_o judgement_n it_o be_v indeed_o possible_a though_o not_o rational_a that_o the_o law_n shall_v give_v the_o jurisdiction_n over_o part_n of_o a_o cause_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o such_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n especial_o when_o we_o find_v the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n according_a to_o the_o sense_n put_v upon_o those_o word_n by_o the_o most_o learned_a in_o the_o age_n nigh_a to_o they_o that_o transmit_v the_o law_n to_o we_o be_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o such_o a_o divide_v sense_n without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o force_n and_o to_o this_o the_o several_a other_o copy_n of_o this_o constitution_n give_v weight_n 34._o but_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o the_o sense_n be_v best_a understand_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o age_n if_o the_o sense_n be_v plain_a a_o contrary_a practice_n be_v not_o to_o determine_v the_o sense_n another_o way_n as_o as_o great_a a_o author_n the_o learned_a doctor_n stillingfleet_n prove_v at_o large_a in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n cressy_n epistle_n apologetical_a 449._o where_o he_o show_v the_o number_n of_o statute_n make_v against_o provisor_n in_o express_a term_n and_o yet_o when_o the_o king_n of_o england_n come_v to_o settle_v the_o point_n in_o difference_n between_o he_o and_o pope_n martin_n the_o 5._o there_o be_v no_o manner_n of_o regard_n have_v to_o the_o statute_n of_o provisor_n although_o so_o often_o repeat_v nor_o do_v common_a practice_n agree_v with_o the_o positive_a and_o plain_a law_n but_o the_o testimony_n of_o petrus_n blesensis_n bring_v to_o prove_v the_o practice_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 2._o i_o can_v set_v aside_o with_o better_a colour_n than_o the_o author_n of_o the_o grand_a question_n do_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o judicium_fw-la and_o in_fw-la judicio_fw-la for_o petrus_n blesensis_n join_v together_o the_o principes_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la and_o seniores_fw-la populi_n the_o last_o of_o which_o in_o common_a acceptation_n relate_v to_o the_o laity_n and_o for_o their_o withdraw_a just_a at_o the_o final_a judgement_n sure_o there_o can_v be_v no_o pretence_n from_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o age_n but_o let_v we_o take_v his_o authority_n 34._o and_o make_v the_o best_a of_o it_o principes_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la &_o seniores_fw-la populi_fw-la licet_fw-la non_fw-la dictent_fw-la judicia_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la eadem_fw-la tamen_fw-la tractant_fw-la disputando_fw-la &_o disceptando_fw-la de_fw-la illis_fw-la ideo_fw-la seque_fw-la immunes_fw-la à _fw-la culpâ_fw-la reputant_fw-la quod_fw-la mortis_fw-la aut_fw-la truncationis_fw-la membrorum_fw-la judicium_fw-la decernentes_fw-la à _fw-la pronunciatione_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la &_o executione_fw-la poenalis_fw-la sententiaese_n absentent_fw-la here_o he_o express_o confirm_v the_o sense_n which_o i_o shall_v enforce_v and_o make_v the_o voting_n in_o the_o preliminary_n mortis_fw-la aut_fw-la truncationis_fw-la membrorum_fw-la judicium_fw-la decernere_fw-la some_o clergyman_n it_o seem_v do_v thus_o decernere_fw-la judicium_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la and_o he_o blame_v they_o for_o it_o but_o can_v their_o practice_n of_o any_o thing_n against_o law_n be_v a_o