dispose_v of_o they_o four_o the_o commissioner_n have_v a_o clerk_n proper_a to_o themselves_o to_o register_n their_o law_n five_o the_o commissioner_n have_v power_n to_o make_v order_n and_o decree_n which_o be_v judgement_n in_o effect_n and_o some_o of_o they_o can_v be_v reverse_v but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o last_o writ_n of_o error_n have_v be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v judgement_n give_v in_o that_o court_n for_o all_o which_o cause_n i_o do_v conclude_v that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v a_o court_n of_o record_n although_o it_o be_v not_o hold_v in_o aliquo_fw-la loco_fw-la certo_fw-la so_o be_v the_o king_n bench_n a_o court_n of_o more_o eminency_n than_o this_o but_o ubicunque_fw-la fuerimus_fw-la in_o angliae_fw-la and_o for_o express_v authority_n in_o the_o point_n of_o gregory_n case_n in_o the_o 6_o report_n of_o cook_n chief_a justice_n that_o the_o sewer_n be_v a_o court_n of_o record_n imprisonment_n impose_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n it_o be_v a_o point_n of_o high_a consequence_n whether_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v power_n by_o these_o law_n to_o imprison_v the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n for_o any_o thing_n touch_v the_o same_o for_o that_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o body_n seem_v to_o sway_v somewhat_o against_o the_o grand_a charter_n of_o england_n and_o against_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o freeborn_a subject_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o bonham_n case_n 28_o h._n 8._o in_o dyer_n that_o liberty_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o the_o law_n much_o favore_v and_o i_o find_v in_o our_o book_n of_o law_n that_o the_o judge_n have_v be_v very_o careful_a and_o curious_a in_o not_o extend_v word_n contain_v in_o charter_n to_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o man_n body_n unless_o they_o be_v express_v in_o the_o point_n and_o therefore_o in_o clerk_n case_n in_o sir_n ed._n cook_n 5_o report_n fol._n 64._o case_n clark_n case_n the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o term_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v at_o st._n alban_n and_o the_o major_a there_o and_o his_o brethren_n do_v assess_v every_o townsman_n towards_o erect_v and_o build_n of_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o make_v a_o order_n that_o he_o which_o shall_v refuse_v to_o assist_v and_o pay_v shall_v be_v imprison_v and_o one_o be_v arrest_v and_o imprison_v bring_v his_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n against_o the_o major_n who_o plead_v in_o effect_n that_o they_o be_v incorporate_a by_o king_n edward_n 6._o and_o have_v power_n grant_v to_o they_o in_o their_o alban_n major_a of_o st._n alban_n charter_n to_o make_v ordinance_n by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o make_v the_o say_a order_n and_o so_o justify_v the_o imprisonment_n but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v against_o the_o major_n for_o that_o by_o the_o say_a charter_n they_o have_v not_o any_o power_n to_o make_v a_o ordinance_n to_o imprison_v a_o man_n body_n for_o that_o be_v against_o the_o grand_a charter_n in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 29._o quod_fw-la nullus_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la imprisonetur_fw-la charta_fw-la magna_fw-la charta_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la but_o by_o that_o book_n they_o may_v have_v inflict_v a_o penalty_n and_o have_v distrain_v or_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o it_o in_o doctor_n bonham_n case_n in_o the_o 8._o report_n king_n hen._n 8._o incorporate_v the_o physician_n of_o london_n and_o give_v they_o power_n by_o charter_n to_o examine_v the_o imperites_fw-la &_o to_o find_v out_o the_o defect_n et_fw-la pro_fw-la delictis_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o non_fw-la bene_fw-la exequendo_fw-la faciendo_fw-la &_o utendo_fw-la illos_fw-la per_fw-la punitionem_fw-la eorum_fw-la delinquentium_fw-la per_fw-la fine_n amerciamentum_fw-la &_o imprisonomentum_fw-la corporum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o hereby_o it_o appear_v that_o by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n they_o have_v power_n to_o imprison_v the_o body_n but_o i_o find_v their_o charter_n confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n yet_o in_o 2_o eliz._n dier_n fol._n 175._o the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o queen_n do_v award_v a_o commission_n direct_v to_o certain_a commissioner_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o controversy_n betwixt_o scrog_n and_o colshil_n touch_v the_o office_n of_o the_o exigenter_fw-la and_o that_o if_o scrog_n shall_v refuse_v to_o obey_v to_o make_v answer_n before_o they_o they_o shall_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n but_o the_o validity_n of_o this_o last_o commission_n i_o much_o doubt_n of_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o bankrupt_n and_o charitable_a use_n have_v no_o power_n to_o commit_v any_o man_n but_o if_o any_o abuse_n or_o misdemeanour_n be_v commit_v in_o contempt_n or_o derogation_n of_o their_o authority_n they_o may_v make_v certificate_n thereof_o into_o the_o chancery_n and_o refer_v the_o punishment_n thereof_o to_o the_o will_n and_o discretion_n of_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n for_o the_o time_n be_v in_o godfrey_n case_n in_o the_o 11_o report_n there_o be_v a_o discourse_n what_o case_n godfrey_n case_n court_n have_v power_n to_o imprison_v and_o which_o not_o and_o there_o it_o be_v say_v some_o court_n may_v fine_a but_o not_o imprison_v as_o the_o court_v leet_n and_o sheriff_n turn_v some_o other_o can_v neither_o fine_a nor_o imprison_v as_o court_n baron_n and_o county_n court_v and_o some_o can_v neither_o fine_a imprison_v nor_o amerce_v as_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o some_o may_v imprison_v and_o not_o fine_a as_o chief_a constable_n at_o their_o petty_a session_n for_o a_o affray_n do_v in_o disturbance_n of_o they_o and_o other_o court_n there_o be_v which_o may_v fine_a imprison_v and_o amerce_v as_o the_o eminent_a court_n of_o westminster_n so_o that_o imprisonment_n be_v not_o incident_a to_o every_o court_n nor_o to_o every_o offence_n yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n may_v imprison_v the_o body_n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o a_o court_n of_o record_n but_o be_v authorize_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o i_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v word_n in_o the_o commission_n and_o statute_n which_o will_v bear_v this_o construction_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v viz._n and_o all_o such_o as_o you_o shall_v find_v negligent_a gainsay_v or_o rebel_n in_o the_o work_n reparation_n or_o reformation_n of_o the_o premise_n or_o negligent_a in_o the_o due_a execution_n of_o the_o commissioner_n that_o you_o compel_v they_o by_o distress_n fines_n and_o amerciament_n and_o by_o other_o punishment_n way_n or_o mean_n etc._n etc._n which_o word_n be_v strong_a and_o large_a enough_o to_o authorise_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n upon_o just_a cause_n to_o imprison_v the_o body_n but_o here_o they_o be_v to_o be_v careful_a and_o not_o to_o think_v that_o they_o may_v imprison_v fine_a or_o amerce_v in_o any_o case_n because_o the_o word_n be_v general_o put_v together_o but_o this_o construction_n must_v be_v thereof_o make_v that_o they_o may_v imprison_v where_o imprisonment_n be_v due_a and_o fine_a in_o case_n fineable_a and_o amerce_v in_o case_n amerciable_a and_o distrain_v where_o a_o distress_n proper_o lie_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o they_o may_v not_o imprison_v where_o by_o the_o law_n imprisonment_n be_v not_o due_a but_o every_o one_o of_o the_o say_a punnishment_n be_v to_o be_v use_v in_o its_o proper_a kind_n for_o these_o word_n promiscuous_o put_v together_o must_v be_v order_v by_o a_o just_a and_o legal_a construction_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o i_o have_v know_v the_o word_n of_o a_o statute_n general_o and_o promiscuous_o put_v together_o have_v be_v marshal_v according_a to_o their_o distributive_a operation_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o rich._n 3._o which_o be_v that_o all_o feoffment_n gift_n grant_n release_v and_o confirmation_n of_o land_n make_v by_o cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n shall_v be_v good_a yet_o though_o these_o word_n be_v general_o put_v together_o notwithstanding_o the_o wise_a and_o discreet_a sage_n and_o expositor_n of_o our_o law_n have_v so_o marshal_v the_o word_n of_o this_o statute_n that_o they_o make_v construction_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n and_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v that_o cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n in_o possession_n may_v make_v a_o feoffment_n and_o that_o cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n in_o reversion_n or_o remainder_n may_v grant_v the_o land_n and_o cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n of_o a_o discontinue_v estate_n may_v release_v or_o confirm_v and_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v general_a howsoever_o reason_n must_v be_v the_o expositor_n that_o every_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o due_a form_n of_o law_n and_o not_o in_o preposterous_a manner_n and_o these_o matter_n be_v thus_o pass_v over_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v myself_o to_o declare_v in_o what_o case_n commissioner_n of_o sewer_n may_v imprison_v fine_a and_o amerce_v and_o where_o not_o imprisonment_n fine_a and_o amerciament_n fines_n if_o one_o
alter_v former_a law_n it_o appear_v in_o esther_n that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o mede_n and_o persian_n be_v so_o perdurable_a as_o they_o can_v never_o be_v change_v and_o in_o my_o opinion_n there_o be_v require_v as_o great_a foresight_n judgement_n and_o as_o sound_v discretion_n and_o mature_a deliberation_n in_o repeal_n of_o old_a law_n as_o in_o make_v new_a one_o for_o quae_fw-la preter_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la &_o morem_fw-la major_n '_o fiunt_fw-la neque_fw-la placent_fw-la neque_fw-la recta_fw-la videmur_fw-la i_o have_v note_v how_o careful_o and_o constant_a the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n house_n be_v in_o the_o 20_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o when_o they_o all_o cry_v out_o aloud_o nolumus_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la mutare_fw-la see_v therefore_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v great_a care_n in_o make_v law_n so_o must_v there_o be_v great_a heed_n take_v in_o repeal_n of_o law_n and_o because_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v power_n herein_o i_o will_v therefore_o deliver_v my_o opinion_n how_o far_o that_o power_n will_v extend_v and_o if_o one_o note_v this_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n well_o he_o shall_v well_o perceive_v the_o judicious_a care_n take_v by_o the_o parliament_n in_o pen_v of_o it_o for_o the_o word_n be_v that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n shall_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o make_v constitute_v and_o ordain_v law_n ordinance_n and_o decree_n and_o the_o same_o law_n and_o ordinance_n omit_v the_o word_n decree_v to_o alter_v repeal_n and_o make_v void_a for_o a_o decree_n be_v a_o judgement_n and_o be_v finis_fw-la operis_fw-la and_o a_o judgement_n can_v be_v reverse_v without_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n neither_o can_v a_o sentence_n or_o a_o decree_n in_o chancery_n be_v reverse_v without_o a_o bill_n of_o review_n neither_o can_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n reverse_v a_o judgement_n or_o decree_n of_o sewer_n judicious_o pronounce_v which_o be_v a_o judgement_n upon_o a_o trial_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o party_n or_o betwixt_o party_n and_o party_n without_o a_o bill_n of_o reversal_n for_o it_o be_v true_o say_v quod_fw-la naturale_fw-la est_fw-la unum_fw-la quod_n dissolvi_fw-la eo_fw-la ligamine_fw-la quo_fw-la ligatum_fw-la est_fw-la a_o writ_n of_o error_n lay_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v by_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n when_o the_o commission_n be_v in_o latin_a as_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o register_n be_v then_o one_o of_o the_o special_a commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n but_o since_o the_o commission_n be_v put_v into_o the_o english_a frame_n the_o writ_n of_o error_n cease_v a_o law_n for_o sale_n of_o land_n ingross_v into_o parchment_n and_o certify_v into_o the_o king_n court_n of_o chancery_n with_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n have_v thereto_o be_v not_o reversable_a without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o then_o the_o say_a sale_n must_v be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o form_n frame_n and_o power_n of_o this_o statute_n for_o put_v the_o case_n that_o a._n b._n hold_v his_o land_n of_o i._o s._n by_o the_o payment_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n yearly_a towards_o the_o repair_n of_o such_o a_o bridge_n bank_n or_o wall_n it_o fortune_v that_o a._n b._n pay_v the_o twenty_o shilling_n yearly_a to_o his_o lord_n for_o that_o purpose_n who_o neglect_v to_o pay_v it_o though_o he_o be_v thereto_o order_v and_o assess_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o to_o the_o say_a repair_n by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n the_o seignory_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n yearly_o be_v to_o be_v decree_v and_o not_o the_o land_n for_o that_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o i._o s._n and_o not_o in_o a._n b._n the_o owner_n of_o the_o land_n if_o any_o person_n be_v by_o prescription_n custom_n tenure_n covenant_n or_o otherwise_o bind_v to_o repair_v wall_n bank_n or_o other_o defence_n of_o sewer_n the_o commissioner_n have_v not_o any_o power_n by_o their_o commission_n to_o repeal_v alter_v or_o make_v void_a any_o of_o these_o because_o these_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o not_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o commission_n of_o sewer_n but_o their_o power_n be_v to_o repeal_v alter_v or_o make_v void_a law_n and_o ordinance_n make_v by_o themselves_o or_o by_o the_o power_n of_o their_o commission_n and_o so_o the_o word_n of_o their_o commission_n plain_o describe_v it_o for_o thereby_o they_o have_v power_n to_o make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n and_o the_o same_o to_o repeal_v alter_v and_o make_v void_a so_o they_o must_v be_v the_o same_o and_o no_o other_o and_o herein_o i_o end_v all_o my_o argument_n and_o discourse_n upon_o this_o statute_n for_o i_o account_v all_o the_o rest_n which_o remain_v unspoken_a of_o not_o to_o be_v worthy_a of_o a_o reader_n dialect_n because_o i_o have_v full_o handle_v all_o the_o material_n of_o this_o worthy_a law_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v just_o â—â—â—clude_v my_o argument_n with_o this_o that_o finitum_fw-la est_fw-la hoc_fw-la opus_fw-la â—_o consumatum_fw-la finis_fw-la
further_o in_o proof_n of_o my_o say_a opinion_n the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n cromwell_n in_o 15_o el._n in_o dier_n fol._n 322._o do_v come_v full_o thereto_o which_o be_v that_o a_o replevin_n in_o a_o avowry_n be_v make_v for_o a_o pain_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o ten_o shilling_n due_a for_o the_o breach_n of_o a_o by-law_n contra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la curiae_fw-la and_o allege_v to_o make_v by-law_n within_o the_o manor_n by_o the_o custom_n thereof_o in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o proper_a good_n of_o the_o party_n be_v to_o be_v distrain_v therefore_o and_o not_o the_o good_n of_o a_o stranger_n levant_n and_o couchant_a on_o the_o ground_n and_o in_o the_o 47_o ed._n 3._o fol._n 12._o the_o prior_n of_o tindals_n case_n 3._o 47_o ed._n 3._o where_o the_o prior_n be_v amerce_v and_o another_o man_n good_n be_v take_v and_o distrain_v on_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o prior_n for_o the_o say_a amerciament_n and_o the_o distress_n be_v not_o well_o take_v and_o so_o my_o opinion_n may_v be_v conceive_v that_o for_o a_o assess_v the_o good_n of_o a_o stranger_n may_v be_v distrain_v on_o the_o ground_n charge_v but_o may_v not_o there_o be_v take_v for_o a_o fine_a or_o amerciament_n which_o be_v collateral_a duty_n and_o attend_v upon_o the_o person_n and_o do_v not_o charge_v the_o soil_n this_o discourse_n be_v thus_o end_v i_o shall_v now_o enter_v into_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a moment_n and_o yet_o because_o these_o matter_n be_v frequent_a in_o business_n of_o the_o sewer_n that_o which_o i_o shall_v here_o pretermit_v i_o will_v in_o some_o other_o place_n more_o full_o discourse_n of_o good_n sold_n the_o further_a matter_n of_o this_o point_n will_v rest_v upon_o this_o whether_o good_n distrain_v and_o take_v for_o a_o sess_n and_o rate_v of_o sewer_n may_v be_v sell_v or_o not_o which_o point_n have_v be_v often_o practise_v then_o the_o law_n true_o decide_v but_o before_o i_o shall_v touch_v upon_o the_o main_a i_o will_v make_v a_o ingress_n to_o treat_v of_o such_o matter_n whereby_o the_o property_n of_o a_o man_n good_n may_v be_v alter_v without_o his_o consent_n and_o first_o at_o the_o common_a law_n if_o a_o man_n good_n be_v wreck_v waive_v or_o take_v as_o stray_n or_o sell_v in_o market_n overt_a the_o property_n may_v be_v alter_v second_o by_o custom_n as_o in_o london_n upon_o a_o foreign_a attachment_n good_n may_v be_v attach_v and_o sell_v to_o another_o and_o in_o 10_o el._n dyer_n fol._n 279._o b._n a_o custom_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v in_o york_n of_o foreign_a good_n there_o buy_v and_o sell_v be_v seizeable_a by_o the_o corporation_n and_o so_o in_o case_n of_o a_o heriot_n custom_n three_o but_o the_o king_n by_o his_o charter_n can_v take_v the_o property_n of_o my_o good_n from_o i_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o london_n cook_n rep._n the_o case_n of_o austen_n and_o waltham_n where_o king_n henry_n the_o 6._o grant_v to_o the_o corporation_n of_o dyer_n there_o by_o charter_n that_o if_o upon_o search_n they_o shall_v find_v any_o clothes_n die_v with_o logwood_n that_o they_o seize_v they_o as_o forfeit_v but_o resolve_v that_o this_o grant_n be_v in_o that_o point_n void_a four_o by_o a_o by-law_n in_o a_o court_n leet_n or_o baron_n the_o property_n of_o my_o good_n can_v be_v take_v from_o i_o and_o five_o by_o a_o judgement_n against_o one_o at_o the_o common_a law_n although_o a_o man_n person_n nor_o his_o land_n be_v liable_a thereto_o yet_o his_o good_n be_v these_o five_o ground_n be_v first_o take_v i_o shall_v now_o examine_v the_o particular_a of_o our_o case_n in_o question_n touch_v the_o law_n make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n for_o sale_n of_o good_n and_o against_o this_o sale_n many_o thing_n may_v be_v allege_v first_o this_o statute_n i_o read_v on_o give_v a_o distress_n and_o a_o distress_n be_v but_o a_o gage_n or_o pledge_v and_o can_v be_v sell_v for_o if_o a_o lord_n distrain_v his_o tenant_n cattle_n for_o rent_n and_o service_n he_o can_v sell_v the_o distress_n and_o although_o in_o 10_o &_o 11_o el._n dier_n fol._n 280._o a_o return_n irreplevisable_v be_v award_v to_o the_o lord_n or_o avowant_n yet_o he_o can_v sell_v this_o distress_n nor_o work_v they_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o that_o book_n second_o the_o statute_n of_o 7_o jac._n cap._n 20._o rastal_a marsh_n and_o fen_n do_v enact_v that_o a_o commission_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o of_o we_o shall_v be_v direct_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n and_o other_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o fen-ground_n where_o for_o a_o assess_v impose_v and_o for_o fines_n and_o amerciament_n express_a power_n be_v give_v by_o that_o statute_n to_o sell_v the_o party_n good_n which_o do_v refuse_v to_o pay_v ergo_fw-la without_o such_o a_o express_a clause_n a_o sale_n of_o good_n can_v not_o have_v be_v lawful_a and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o and_o 3_o jac._n the_o forfeiture_n of_o alehousekeeper_n jac._n 1_o &_o 3_o jac._n may_v be_v levy_v by_o sale_n of_o their_o good_n by_o the_o express_a letter_n of_o these_o law_n and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o our_o statute_n want_v such_o a_o express_a clause_n to_o authorise_v a_o sale_n therefore_o no_o sale_n can_v be_v but_o much_o may_v be_v say_v to_o the_o contrary_a for_o although_o in_o case_n of_o sale_n the_o law_n be_v tender_a yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o both_o our_o common_a law_n custom_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n daily_o use_v they_o and_o be_v frequent_a in_o those_o sale_n and_o we_o know_v that_o a_o distress_n be_v proper_o a_o pledge_n to_o be_v detain_v till_o satisfaction_n be_v make_v and_o then_o to_o be_v restore_v and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v yet_o in_o 3_o h._n 7._o fol._n 4._o a_o distress_n take_v for_o a_o amerciament_n 7._o 3._o h._n 7._o in_o a_o leet_n or_o law-day_n may_v be_v sell_v as_o well_o in_o the_o case_n where_o the_o subject_n have_v by_o charter_n or_o prescription_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o say_a court_n as_o where_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v they_o and_o all_o the_o reason_n which_o that_o book_n yield_v for_o it_o be_v because_o they_o be_v the_o king_n court_n but_o a_o distress_n take_v for_o a_o americament_n in_o a_o court_n baron_n can_v be_v sell_v and_o in_o 22_o assiz_n plac_fw-la 72._o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o one_o recover_v a_o debt_n in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr the_o good_n of_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o be_v sell_v therefore_o assiz_n 22_o assiz_n yet_o i_o have_v see_v always_o in_o practice_n that_o for_o debt_n and_o damage_n recover_v in_o the_o county_n court_v the_o good_n of_o the_o debtor_n have_v and_o be_v usual_o sell_v for_o they_o by_o levarifacias_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n this_o be_v use_v per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la and_o a_o sale_n in_o such_o a_o case_n in_o a_o court_n baron_n by_o custom_n be_v good_a and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o book_n of_o 7_o h._n 4._o fol._n 27._o and_o 21_o h._n 7._o foe_n 40._o in_o a_o leet_n court_n one_o prescribe_a and_o allege_v a_o custom_n to_o 7._o 7_o h._n 4._o 21_o h._n 7._o have_v of_o every_o one_o which_o make_v a_o affray_n within_o his_o liberty_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o prescribe_v also_o to_o distrain_v for_o it_o and_o to_o sell_v the_o distress_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v 11_o h._n 4._o 14._o and_o 11_o h._n 4._o fol._n 2._o a_o distress_n take_v for_o the_o knight_n fee_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v sell_v therefore_o now_o let_v we_o see_v and_o examine_v well_o by_o what_o authority_n our_o officer_n of_o sewer_n may_v sell_v the_o distress_n take_v the_o word_n in_o our_o statute_n which_o be_v most_o powerful_a in_o this_o point_n be_v these_o viz._n to_o depute_v and_o assign_v diligent_a faithful_a and_o true_a keeper_n bailiff_n surveyor_n collector_n expenditor_n and_o other_o officer_n for_o the_o safety_n conservation_n reparation_n and_o make_v repair_a reform_v and_o amend_v of_o the_o premise_n and_o every_o of_o they_o and_o to_o hear_v the_o account_n of_o the_o collector_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o and_o for_o the_o receipt_n and_o lay_v out_o of_o the_o money_n that_o shall_v be_v levy_v and_o pay_v in_o and_o about_o the_o same_o here_o be_v the_o word_n levy_n use_v and_o money_n levy_v be_v proper_o upon_o a_o sale_n execution_n or_o forfeiture_n and_o the_o word_n of_o our_o statute_n go_v furthet_n viz._n and_o to_o distrain_v or_o otherwise_o to_o punish_v the_o debtor_n and_o distrainer_n of_o the_o same_o by_o fines_n amerciament_n pain_n or_o other_o like_a mean_n after_o their_o good_a discretious_a and_o no_o likely_a mean_n to_o these_o be_v there_o any_o then_o to_o make_v sale_n of_o the_o
for_o a_o distress_n take_v in_o the_o king_n court_n for_o that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o superior_a authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o these_o inferior_a court_n of_o sewer_n and_o therefore_o the_o replevin_n which_o our_o statute_n aim_v to_o give_v way_n to_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n which_o in_o law_n and_o justice_n ought_v to_o be_v obey_v and_o not_o from_o the_o sheriff_n or_o his_o officer_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n only_o but_o in_o my_o case_n the_o commissioner_n make_v a_o law_n that_o the_o good_n of_o a._n shall_v be_v sell_v without_o allowance_n of_o replevin_n which_o be_v a_o good_a law_n upon_o the_o distinction_n and_o diversity_n aforesaid_a that_o be_v that_o a._n who_o be_v the_o person_n assess_v may_v not_o have_v or_o take_v a_o replevin_n because_o he_o be_v a_o person_n bind_v express_o by_o the_o law_n nor_o that_o the_o sheriff_n or_o his_o officer_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la may_v grant_v a_o replevin_n to_o deliver_v the_o same_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o this_o law_n of_o sewer_n but_o the_o king_n court_n at_o westminster_n may_v in_o those_o case_n of_o sewer_n deliver_v the_o distress_n and_o this_o construction_n make_v of_o this_o statute_n as_o i_o take_v it_o stand_v with_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o in_o the_o 31_o ed._n 3._o brook_z replevin_n plac_n 60._o the_o case_n be_v put_v a_o man_n do_v grant_v to_o a._n b._n a_o rent_n out_o of_o his_o ground_n 3._o 13_o ed._n 3._o with_o power_n that_o if_o it_o be_v behind_o that_o he_o may_v distrain_v therefore_o and_o detain_v the_o distress_n against_o gauge_n and_o pledge_n and_o yes_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o the_o rent_n be_v behind_o and_o the_o grantor_n distrain_v he_o can_v not_o detain_v this_o distress_n against_o the_o replevin_n yet_o here_o be_v the_o direct_a word_n of_o the_o party_n himself_o to_o the_o contrary_a but_o his_o word_n can_v not_o over-rule_v the_o law_n so_o that_o upon_o all_o these_o matter_n i_o hold_v these_o tenant_n follow_v imprimis_fw-la to_o make_v a_o general_a law_n to_o restrain_v all_o replevin_n grant_v either_o from_o the_o sheriff_n or_o the_o king_n court_n be_v no_o good_a law_n or_o ordinance_n of_o sewer_n for_o that_o replevin_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v in_o such_o case_n grantable_a out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n and_o such_o a_o general_a law_n savour_v too_o much_o of_o oppression_n in_o stop_v up_o the_o gate_n of_o justice_n second_o for_o a_o sheriff_n or_o his_o deputy_n to_o grant_v and_o award_n warrant_v of_o replevin_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la to_o deliver_v good_n or_o cattle_n distrain_v and_o detain_v for_o a_o tax_n and_o law_n of_o sewer_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n against_o law_n and_o need_v not_o to_o be_v obey_v for_o that_o the_o distress_n be_v sub_n protectione_n superioris_fw-la curiae_fw-la which_o be_v of_o a_o high_a degree_n than_o a_o sheriff_n ministerial_a warrant_n three_o if_o a_o distress_n be_v take_v and_o sell_v for_o a_o sesse_n of_o sewer_n a_o replevin_n lie_v against_o the_o buyer_n for_o by_o the_o sale_n the_o good_n and_o cattle_n be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o court_n of_o sewer_n four_o if_o a_o rate_n or_o tax_n be_v impose_v by_o the_o law_n of_o sewer_n upon_o i._n s._n &_o the_o good_n of_o john_n a_o down_n be_v take_v therefore_o on_o the_o ground_n of_o i._n s._n which_o be_v charge_v i._n d._n may_v sue_v a_o replevin_n of_o his_o say_a cattle_n from_o the_o sheriff_n for_o that_o he_o nor_o his_o good_n be_v not_o express_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o sewer_n five_o a_o replevin_n lie_v out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o westminster_n to_o deliver_v a_o distress_n take_v and_o detain_v by_o the_o law_n of_o sewer_n for_o that_o they_o be_v court_n de_fw-fr altiore_fw-la natura_fw-la six_o a_o distress_n take_v by_o a_o lord_n on_o his_o tenant_n for_o not_o repair_v a_o work_n of_o sewer_n which_o by_o the_o tenure_n of_o his_o land_n he_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o repair_v the_o tenant_n may_v sue_v a_o replevin_n from_o the_o sheriff_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la to_o deliver_v the_o distress_n for_o that_o this_o distress_n be_v not_o take_v or_o detain_v by_o warrant_n judgement_n or_o decree_n of_o sewer_n seven_o if_o upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n court_n or_o upon_o a_o decree_n make_v in_o this_o court_n of_o sewer_n a_o writ_n or_o warrant_n of_o distringas_fw-la ad_fw-la reparandum_fw-la or_o of_o that_o nature_n be_v award_v and_o the_o party_n good_n be_v thereby_o take_v these_o good_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v deliver_v by_o replevin_n to_o be_v take_v either_o out_o of_o this_o court_n or_o out_o of_o any_o other_o court_n of_o the_o king_n because_o it_o be_v a_o execution_n out_o of_o a_o judgement_n eight_o although_o one_o grant_v a_o rent_n out_o of_o his_o land_n with_o clause_n of_o distress_n and_o with_o grant_n or_o covenant_n that_o the_o grantee_n may_v distrain_v and_o detain_v this_o distress_n till_o he_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v his_o rent_n yet_o a_o replevin_n lie_v in_o that_o case_n a_o perpetual_a charge_n so_o now_o i_o have_v full_o and_z at_o large_a declare_v my_o opinion_n touch_v distress_n and_o replevin_n wherein_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v full_o satisfy_v the_o first_o point_n of_o my_o case_n i_o intend_v therefore_o now_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o six_o point_n which_o concern_v charge_n and_o sale_n of_o land_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n by_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o law_n and_o first_o i_o suppose_v the_o question_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o this_o that_o be_v whether_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n can_v impose_v a_o perpetual_a charge_n upon_o land_n to_o repair_v a_o work_n of_o sewer_n for_o ever_o by_o the_o power_n of_o these_o law_n i_o do_v here_o acknowledge_v that_o this_o be_v a_o knotty_a point_n yet_o something_o may_v be_v allege_v in_o maintenance_n of_o this_o opinion_n affirmative_o for_o in_o the_o part_n of_o holland_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n almost_o every_o one_o know_v which_o part_n he_o be_v to_o repair_v and_o maintain_v in_o perpetuity_n and_o experientia_fw-la est_fw-la optima_fw-la interpres_fw-la rerum_fw-la and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o romney_n marsh_n pag._n 12._o that_o the_o use_n there_o be_v to_o impose_v perpetual_a charge_n on_o singular_a person_n 12._o char._n romney_n marsh_n pag._n 12._o for_o the_o word_n there_o be_v these_o juratores_fw-la per_fw-la eor_fw-la '_o sacrament_n '_o mensur_fw-fr abunt_fw-la per_fw-la perticam_fw-la omnes_fw-la terr_v as_o &_o tenementa_fw-la quae_fw-la infra_fw-la dictum_fw-la mariscum_fw-la periculo_fw-la subiacent_a quibus_fw-la mensueration_n '_o factis_fw-la viginti_fw-la quatuor_fw-la per_fw-la communitatem_fw-la prius_fw-la electi_fw-la &_o jurati_fw-la habito_fw-la respectu_fw-la ad_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la walliar_n '_o terrar_n '_o &_o tenement_n '_o quae_fw-la periculo_fw-la subiacent_a per_fw-la eor_fw-la '_o sacramentum_fw-la ordinabunt_fw-la quantum_fw-la ad_fw-la predictarum_fw-la walliar_n '_o sustentationem_fw-la &_o reperationem_fw-la faciend_n '_o &_o sustinend_v '_o add_v quemlibet_fw-la pertineat_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la proportion_n '_o acrar_n '_o terrar_n '_o periculo_fw-la subiacent_a '_o singulis_fw-la assignetur_fw-la sva_fw-la portio_fw-la perticar_n '_o &_o predict_v '_o assignatio_fw-la fiat_fw-la per_fw-la locos_fw-la certos_fw-la ita_fw-la ut_fw-la scietur_fw-la ubi_fw-la &_o per_fw-la quae_fw-la loca_fw-la ad_fw-la quantum_fw-la singuli_fw-la defendere_fw-la teneantur_fw-la these_o word_n in_o this_o charter_n seem_v to_o be_v plain_a that_o by_o the_o law_n establish_v in_o romney_n marsh_n the_o commissioner_n have_v power_n to_o assign_v to_o every_o man_n his_o portion_n to_o repair_v in_o perpetuity_n but_o i_o find_v no_o such_o word_n in_o our_o statute_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o our_o commissioner_n have_v power_n to_o make_v sale_n of_o the_o land_n ergo_fw-la they_o may_v charge_v they_o perpetual_o but_o this_o be_v a_o non_fw-la sequitur_fw-la for_o that_o for_o the_o sale_n they_o have_v express_v warrant_n but_o not_o so_o for_o the_o charge_n and_o power_n and_o authority_n must_v be_v due_o pursue_v and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v by_o equitable_a or_o argumentable_a collection_n or_o implication_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v the_o law_n of_o sewer_n be_v never_o hold_v so_o perdurable_a as_o to_o bind_v man_n land_n with_o perpetual_a charge_n and_o therefore_o this_o difference_n i_o take_v that_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o town_n or_o country_n every_o one_o may_v know_v his_o particular_a portion_n which_o the_o owner_n of_o ground_n be_v oblige_v and_o bind_v to_o repair_v perpetual_o but_o without_o such_o a_o custom_n it_o have_v be_v hold_v that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n can_v bind_v any_o man_n inheritance_n to_o a_o
the_o word_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v sufficient_a to_o yield_v the_o party_n the_o benefit_n of_o a_o traverse_v if_o there_o be_v cause_n and_o for_o precedent_n in_o the_o point_n chart._n of_o romney_n marsh_n pag._n 23_o and_o 24._o one_o godfrey_n marsh_n ro._n marsh_n be_v present_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o repair_v a_o bank_n or_o wall_n and_o that_o he_o do_v neglect_v to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o he_o come_v in_o and_o plead_v a_o plea_n thereto_o before_o the_o say_a commissioner_n and_o in_o 19_o lib._n assiz_n plac_fw-la 6._o there_o be_v divers_a presentment_n before_o commissioner_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n for_o nuisance_n do_v in_o the_o river_n of_o lee_n and_o the_o same_o be_v there_o traverse_v and_o try_v and_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o h._n 4._o cap._n 12._o 4._o 1_o h._n 4._o do_v plain_o admit_v of_o a_o traverse_v wherein_o the_o word_n be_v that_o in_o case_n if_o any_o feel_v himself_o grieve_v by_o execution_n or_o otherwise_o against_o right_n and_o reason_n let_v he_o pursue_v and_o he_o shall_v have_v right_a but_o i_o very_o suppose_v that_o those_o thing_n which_o the_o justice_n of_o sewer_n do_v by_o their_o view_n or_o by_o survey_n and_o discretion_n be_v so_o bind_v as_o in_o those_o case_n no_o traverse_n be_v to_o be_v admit_v because_o these_o thing_n be_v mere_o the_o act_n of_o the_o court_n and_o of_o the_o justice_n themselves_o and_o if_o they_o fine_a a_o man_n for_o his_o contempt_n in_o court_n by_o a_o record_n of_o their_o own_o view_n and_o not_o upon_o a_o presentment_n the_o party_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v to_o traverse_n this_o and_o in_o doctor_n bonham_n case_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o act_n of_o a_o judge_n be_v not_o traversable_a if_o he_o be_v the_o absolute_a judge_n of_o the_o cause_n but_o in_o case_n do_v or_o certify_v by_o such_o as_o be_v no_o absolute_a judge_n of_o the_o cause_n as_o commissioner_n of_o bankrupt_n which_o certify_v one_o a_o bankrupt_a he_o may_v traverse_v this_o in_o a_o action_n bring_v as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o cut_n and_o delaber_n in_o 7_o jac._n in_o the_o jac._n cut_a and_o delaber_n 7_o jac._n common_a place_n and_o vernies_n case_n 1_o mar._n dier_n fol._n 89._o no_o averment_n can_v be_v take_v to_o the_o certificate_n of_o a_o judge_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v 7_o h._n 7._o fol._n 4._o 7._o 7_o h._n 7._o but_o although_o a_o traverse_n may_v be_v take_v to_o a_o presentment_n in_o the_o court_n of_o sewer_n yet_o time_n and_o season_n must_v be_v observe_v for_o if_o a_o presentment_n be_v there_o make_v it_o may_v be_v traverse_v for_o the_o reason_n cause_n &_o precedent_n former_o mention_v yet_o if_o the_o cause_n have_v be_v there_o so_o far_o proceed_v in_o as_o the_o commissioner_n make_v a_o decree_n thereupon_o i_o take_v it_o then_o no_o traverse_n at_o all_o can_v be_v take_v because_o a_o decree_n be_v the_o final_a judgement_n of_o the_o court_n and_o be_v a_o act_n judicial_a which_o can_v be_v traverse_v and_o try_v by_o a_o jury_n for_o that_o be_v to_o refer_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n to_o be_v examine_v by_o a_o jury_n which_o may_v not_o be_v admit_v and_o at_o the_o common_a law_n after_o judgement_n no_o traverse_n can_v be_v take_v and_o if_o one_o be_v indict_v at_o the_o general_a session_n of_o the_o peace_n this_o be_v traversable_a but_o if_o the_o party_n suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v outlaw_v upon_o the_o say_a indictment_n there_o no_o traverse_n lie_v but_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n so_o if_o in_o our_o session_n of_o the_o sewer_n the_o cause_n proceed_v to_o a_o decree_n the_o party_n grieve_v be_v to_o take_v his_o way_n by_o prefer_v a_o bill_n of_o reversal_n in_o manner_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o chancery_n and_o so_o he_o may_v have_v the_o cause_n here_o thorough_o examine_v other_o legal_a proceed_n the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o give_v the_o legal_a proceed_n be_v these_o viz._n that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o premise_n as_o well_o at_o our_o suit_n as_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o any_o other_o complain_v before_o they_o after_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n aforesaid_a or_o otherwise_o by_o any_o other_o way_n or_o mean_n these_o word_n give_v the_o party_n remedy_n to_o sue_v before_o the_o justice_n of_o sewer_n for_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v contain_v within_o these_o law_n and_o which_o have_v their_o dependency_n thereon_o in_o colshils_n case_n in_o dier_n fol._n 175._o the_o party_n prefer_v his_o case_n colshils_n case_n bill_n of_o complaint_n to_o the_o commissioner_n contain_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o title_n to_o the_o office_n in_o question_n and_o these_o be_v special_a commissioner_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n justice_n of_o the_o general_a oyer_n and_o terminer_n may_v hear_v and_o determine_v usury_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o eliz._n cap._n 8._o yet_o if_o i._o s._n be_v bind_v eliz._n 13_o eliz._n in_o a_o bond_n of_o ten_o pound_n principal_a debt_n and_o for_o forty_o shilling_n for_o interest_n although_o this_o bond_n be_v for_o payment_n for_o usury_n yet_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n do_v not_o lie_v thereupon_o before_o the_o say_a commissioner_n but_o a_o information_n may_v be_v prefer_v against_o the_o lender_n there_o to_o punish_v he_o so_o by_o our_o statute_n of_o sewer_n a_o action_n of_o trespass_n lie_v not_o for_o a_o trespass_n do_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o this_o commission_n yet_o distinguendum_fw-la est_fw-la for_o put_v the_o case_n a_o sesse_v be_v lay_v upon_o a_o man_n and_o the_o good_n of_o i._o s._n not_o chargeable_a thereto_o be_v take_v and_o distrain_v who_o be_v not_o chargeable_a to_o the_o payment_n thereof_o i._n s._n in_o my_o opnion_n though_o this_o case_n have_v but_o the_o countenance_n of_o this_o commission_n may_v have_v his_o action_n or_o prefer_v his_o complaint_n before_o the_o commissioner_n in_o this_o court_n of_o sewer_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o damage_n and_o although_o this_o be_v but_o a_o private_a action_n yet_o the_o distress_n be_v take_v by_o a_o authority_n draw_v from_o the_o power_n of_o this_o commission_n the_o party_n distrain_v may_v have_v his_o remedy_n in_o this_o court_n by_o his_o private_a action_n because_o it_o spring_v by_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o general_a power_n of_o this_o court_n if_o a._n b._n have_v a_o several_a pischary_n in_o the_o river_n of_o witham_n which_o be_v a_o river_n within_o the_o commission_n of_o sewer_n and_o the_o say_v pischary_a by_o these_o law_n be_v chargeable_a to_o the_o repair_v thereof_o if_o c._n d._n disseiz_v he_o thereof_o or_o commit_v a_o trespass_n by_o fish_v therein_o a._n b._n can_v neither_o have_v a_o assize_n nor_o action_n of_o trespass_n within_o this_o court_n so_o if_o a_o royal_a or_o common_a river_n have_v his_o current_n through_o the_o town_n of_o dale_n and_o one_o a._n b._n be_v tie_v to_o repair_v the_o bank_n there_o by_o tenure_n prescription_n or_o otherwise_o which_o notwithstanding_o in_o his_o default_n be_v break_v down_o and_o the_o water_n break_v out_o overflow_v the_o ground_n of_o c._n d._n thereto_o adjoin_v yet_o c._n d._n have_v not_o any_o remedy_n to_o recover_v his_o damage_n against_o a._n b._n in_o this_o court_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o ground_n but_o he_o be_v put_v to_o his_o private_a action_n therefore_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o case_n of_o keighley_n but_o if_o a._n b._n be_v present_v therefore_o before_o our_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n they_o may_v order_v a._n b._n to_o repair_v the_o breach_n but_o can_v award_v damage_n to_o c._n d._n for_o our_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n be_v herein_o like_a to_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o to_o steward_n of_o leet_n and_o law-day_n which_o have_v power_n original_o to_o meddle_v only_o with_o the_o public_a wrong_n yet_o by_o the_o power_n of_o their_o commission_n and_o of_o this_o statute_n they_o many_o time_n accidental_o meet_v with_o private_a injury_n as_o by_o the_o ensue_a case_n may_v appear_v if_o a_o township_n be_v assess_v by_o a_o law_n of_o sewer_n and_o the_o good_n of_o one_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v take_v for_o the_o sesse_v that_o party_n upon_o his_o complaint_n to_o these_o justice_n of_o sewer_n may_v have_v process_n out_o of_o this_o court_n to_o call_v before_o they_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o say_v sess_v to_o cause_v they_o to_o contribute_v towards_o the_o party_n damage_n who_o be_v sole_o distrain_v for_o they_o all_o for_o otherwise_o this_o court_n shall_v fail_v of_o justice_n in_o his_o own_o proper_a material_n &_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o
gen._n cap._n 1._o of_o all_o other_o creature_n be_v finish_v the_o heaven_n adorn_v and_o the_o earth_n replenish_v god_n say_v let_v we_o make_v man_n in_o our_o own_o image_n after_o our_o likeness_n and_o let_v he_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o over_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o every_o creep_a thing_n that_o creep_v upon_o the_o earth_n so_o god_n create_v man_n in_o his_o own_o image_n in_o the_o image_n of_o god_n create_v he_o he_o male_a and_o female_a create_v he_o they_o and_o say_v unto_o they_o be_v fruitful_a and_o multiply_v and_o replenish_v the_o earth_n and_o subdue_v it_o and_o have_v dominion_n over_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o over_o the_o foul_a of_o heaven_n and_o over_o every_o live_a thing_n that_o move_v upon_o the_o earth_n this_o be_v the_o first_o commission_n that_o ever_o be_v grant_v and_o it_o pass_v under_o the_o divine_a immediate_a seal_n of_o the_o almighty_a &_o extend_v over_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o word_n dominamini_fw-la in_o the_o plural_a number_n god_n couple_v the_o woman_n in_o commission_n with_o the_o man_n but_o in_o the_o 18_o chapter_n of_o exodus_fw-la verse_n 21._o jethro_n advise_v and_o counsel_v 18._o exodus_fw-la 18._o moses_n his_o son_n in_o law_n to_o provide_v out_o of_o all_o the_o people_n man_n of_o truth_n hate_v covetousness_n and_o place_v such_o over_o they_o to_o be_v ruler_n of_o thousand_o ruler_n of_o hundred_o and_o over_o fifty_n &_o ten_o where_o by_o the_o word_n man_n twice_o repeat_v by_o jethro_n and_o this_o place_n of_o scripture_n seem_v to_o exclude_v whole_o from_o government_n and_o the_o former_a commission_n extend_v over_o fish_n bird_n and_o beast_n and_o neither_o over_o man_n nor_o woman_n and_o in_o the_o first_o of_o the_o corinthian_n chapter_n 14._o it_o be_v say_v by_o saint_n paul_n let_v the_o woman_n keep_v silence_n in_o the_o church_n for_o it_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o they_o 14._o 1_o cor._n 14._o to_o speak_v and_o in_o grendon_n case_v in_o the_o comment_n fol._n 497._o dyer_n say_v that_o woman_n can_v not_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n nor_o be_v they_o permit_v to_o say_v divine_a service_n and_o in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o timothy_n verse_n 12._o he_o say_v we_o suffer_v not_o the_o woman_n tim._n 2_o tim._n to_o rule_v over_o the_o man_n but_o this_o last_o of_o timothy_n may_v be_v most_o apt_o apply_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n i_o remember_v out_o of_o the_o abbey_n book_n of_o evesham_n this_o note_n worthy_a of_o observation_n quod_fw-la alicia_n peer_n regis_n miniona_fw-la supra_fw-la modum_fw-la mulierum_fw-la nimis_fw-la supergressa_fw-la svi_fw-la etiam_fw-la sexus_fw-la &_o fragilitatis_fw-la feminiae_fw-la immemor_fw-la nunc_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la regis_fw-la nunc_fw-la in_o foro_fw-la ecclesiastico_fw-la juxta_fw-la doctores_fw-la sedendo_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la defension_n causarum_fw-la suadere_fw-la &_o etiam_fw-la contra_fw-la jus_o postulare_fw-la minime_fw-la verebatur_fw-la unde_fw-la propter_fw-la scandalum_fw-la petierunt_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la in_o parliament_n '_o tent_n '_o an._n 50._o ed._n 3._o penitùs_fw-la amoveri_fw-la but_o hereby_o i_o collect_v that_o she_o be_v not_o in_o commission_n with_o the_o judge_n temporal_a or_o spiritual_a but_o be_v a_o favourite_n of_o the_o king_n and_o take_v upon_o she_o to_o intermeddle_v in_o business_n nothing_o concern_v she_o but_o whether_o the_o text_n mean_v it_o for_o a_o woman_n to_o sit_v judge_n in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v contra_fw-la modum_fw-la mulierum_fw-la or_o because_o she_o sit_v there_o to_o wrest_v righteous_a judgement_n i_o refer_v to_o the_o reader_n of_o that_o history_n for_o deborah_n be_v judge_n of_o israel_n and_o judge_v the_o people_n as_o the_o four_o of_o judge_n have_v it_o dyer_n indeed_o say_v in_o grendon_n case_n that_o divers_a church_n be_v appropriate_v to_o prioress_n and_o nannery_n whereof_o woman_n be_v the_o governess_n whereby_o and_o by_o the_o say_a chapter_n of_o the_o corinthian_n it_o appear_v that_o woman_n may_v be_v admit_v to_o have_v rule_n and_o government_n over_o the_o possession_n and_o person_n temporal_a and_o ecclesiastical_a but_o be_v not_o admit_v to_o have_v curam_fw-la animarum_fw-la nor_o to_o meddle_v with_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o service_n or_o sacrament_n and_o for_o temporal_a government_n i_o have_v observe_v woman_n to_o have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v admit_v to_o the_o high_a place_n for_o in_o ancient_a roman_a history_n i_o find_v endochia_n and_o theodora_n admit_v at_o several_a time_n into_o the_o sole_a government_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o here_o in_o england_n our_o late_a famous_a queen_n elizabeth_n who_o government_n be_v most_o renown_v and_o semiramis_n govern_v syria_n and_o the_o queen_n of_o the_o south_n which_o come_v to_o visit_v solomon_n for_o any_o thing_n that_o appear_v to_o the_o contrary_a be_v a_o sole_a queen_n and_o to_o fall_v a_o degree_n low_o we_o have_v precedent_n that_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o and_z king_n henry_n the_o five_o appoint_v and_o depute_v by_o commission_n their_o mother_n to_o be_v regent_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o their_o absence_n in_o france_n and_o the_o wise_a and_o renown_a lady_n margaret_n countess_z of_o richmond_z be_v put_v in_o commission_n and_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n be_v by_o tenure_n constable_n of_o england_n which_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o martial_a affair_n and_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n male_a by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o office_n among_o other_o thing_n descend_v to_o his_o two_o daughter_n and_o coheir_n and_o in_o the_o 12_o of_o elizabeth_n in_o dier_n it_o be_v hold_v for_o law_n that_o although_o this_o be_v a_o office_n of_o justice_n yet_o they_o may_v execute_v the_o same_o by_o deputy_n for_o in_o truth_n woman_n be_v unfit_a martialist_n to_o judge_v of_o matter_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v clear_a a_o deputy_n do_v nothing_o in_o his_o own_o name_n but_o in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o master_n or_o mistress_n therefore_o the_o martial_a court_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o their_o name_n but_o yet_o i_o will_v descend_v a_o step_n low_a do_v not_o our_o law_n temporal_a and_o spiritual_a admit_v of_o woman_n to_o be_v executrix_n and_o administratrix_n and_o hereby_o they_o have_v the_o rule_n or_o order_n of_o great_a estate_n and_o many_o time_n they_o be_v gardianess_n in_o chivalry_n and_o have_v thereby_o also_o the_o government_n of_o many_o great_a heir_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o of_o their_o estate_n and_o in_o 10_o h._n 7._o a_o man_n devise_v his_o land_n to_o be_v sell_v by_o a_o 7_o 10_o h._n 7_o woman_n and_o die_v and_o she_o sell_v the_o same_o to_o her_o husband_n so_o by_o these_o case_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n submit_v and_o commit_v many_o thing_n to_o their_o government_n yet_o the_o statute_n of_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n be_v like_a to_o jethroe_n counsel_v to_o moses_n for_o there_o they_o speak_v of_o man_n to_o be_v justice_n and_o seem_v thereby_o to_o exclude_v woman_n but_o our_o statute_n of_o sewer_n be_v commission_n of_o sewer_n shall_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o such_o person_n and_o person_n as_o the_o say_a lord_n shall_v appoint_v so_o the_o word_n person_n stand_v indifferent_o for_o either_o sex_n and_o therefore_o although_o by_o the_o weakness_n of_o their_o sex_n they_o be_v unfit_a to_o travel_v and_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n uncapable_a of_o learning_n to_o direct_v in_o matter_n of_o judicature_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o have_v be_v discreet_o spare_v yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n for_o the_o authority_n reason_n and_o cause_n aforesaid_a that_o this_o honourable_a countess_n be_v put_v into_o commission_n of_o the_o sewer_n the_o same_o be_v warrantable_a by_o the_o law_n and_o the_o ordinance_n and_o decree_n of_o sewer_n make_v by_o she_o and_o the_o other_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n be_v not_o to_o be_v impeach_v for_o that_o cause_n of_o she_o sex_n and_o i_o conclude_v here_o that_o although_o in_o discretion_n woman_n have_v be_v seclude_v as_o unfit_a yet_o they_o be_v not_o in_o law_n to_o be_v exclude_v as_o uncapable_a if_o a_o infant_n above_o the_o age_n of_o fourteen_o and_o under_o the_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o be_v make_v a_o commissioner_n his_o infancy_n shall_v be_v no_o cause_n to_o disable_v the_o law_n make_v by_o he_o young_a daniel_n be_v judge_n over_o both_o the_o elder_n and_o in_o little_a brook_n fol._n the_o case_n be_v a_o parson_n or_o prebend_n be_v within_o age_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o his_o benefice_n and_o will_v but_o can_v not_o after_o avoid_v it_o for_o his_o nonage_n for_o see_v the_o church_n have_v make_v he_o of_o full_a age_n to_o discharge_v the_o spiritual_a
be_v always_o before_o cover_v with_o water_n but_o shore_n and_o such_o ground_n which_o alternis_fw-la vicibus_fw-la be_v wet_a and_o dry_a be_v not_o account_v relinquish_v ground_n and_o that_o relinquish_v ground_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n but_o the_o shore_n and_o casual_a drown_a ground_n may_v belong_v to_o a_o subject_n the_o personal_a profit_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v consist_v in_o wreck_n flotsan_n jetfan_n ligan_n and_o great_a fish_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n of_o his_o crown_n but_o subject_n may_v have_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o first_o four_o by_o prescription_n and_o of_o the_o last_o by_o charter_n from_o the_o king_n then_o i_o descend_v into_o island_n which_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n first_o on_o the_o sea_n old_a one_o and_o new_a one_o that_o both_o be_v within_o the_o king_n power_n and_o the_o new_a one_o he_o in_o property_n fresh_a island_n in_o the_o land_n may_v belong_v to_o subject_n the_o nature_n of_o they_o all_o be_v that_o they_o be_v undique_fw-la circumdatae_fw-la aquis_fw-la i_o then_o land_v at_o the_o shore_n which_o in_o definition_n contain_v those_o ground_n which_o extend_v from_o the_o low_a ebb_n to_o the_o high_a flood_n that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o property_n thereof_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la a_o subject_n may_v have_v it_o ex_fw-la perquisito_fw-la and_o the_o people_n have_v their_o usum_fw-la necessarium_fw-la i_o proceed_v further_o to_o the_o coast_n who_o content_a and_o contingent_a i_o describe_v so_o near_o as_o by_o history_n i_o can_v inform_v myself_o and_o shore_n and_o coast_n i_o hold_v they_o to_o be_v maris_fw-la accessoria_fw-la from_o these_o i_o proceed_v to_o creek_n havens_n and_o port_n and_o these_o i_o set_v forth_o in_o their_o several_a kind_n and_o i_o conclude_v with_o the_o compass_n of_o my_o statute_n and_o my_o commission_n and_o with_o the_o diversity_n thereof_o that_o within_o the_o circle_n of_o my_o statute_n sea_n iss_n shores_n coast_n port_n havens_n creek_n gain_v and_o relinquish_v ground_n be_v comprehend_v because_o that_o may_v depend_v in_o posse_fw-la but_o yet_o the_o commissioner_n which_o be_v in_o presenti_fw-la operative_a do_v extend_v but_o to_o the_o utmost_a bank_n and_o wall_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o i_o conclude_v the_o point_n of_o my_o case_n with_o the_o difference_n between_o ground_n leave_v and_o ground_n gain_v from_o the_o sea_n and_o thus_o i_o end_v my_o first_o lecture_n the_o second_o lecture_n in_o my_o second_o lecture_n i_o come_v on_o land_n and_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o set_v forth_o her_o friend_n from_o her_o foe_n her_o friend_n i_o count_v such_o as_o have_v defend_v she_o from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o from_o inundation_n of_o salt_n water_n and_o these_o be_v her_o friend_n viz._n bank_n sewer_n goat_n calceys_n and_o bridges_n these_o be_v to_o be_v maintain_v and_o repair_v and_o be_v the_o defence_n which_o i_o full_o treat_v of_o and_o these_o be_v the_o enemy_n stream_n mill_n pond_n fishgarth_n mildam_n lock_n hebbingwere_n heck_n and_o floodgate_n these_o be_v let_n and_o impediment_n which_o this_o statute_n speak_v of_o and_o be_v to_o be_v correct_v reform_a or_o put_v down_o as_o cause_n shall_v require_v i_o show_v then_o that_o river_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n royal_a and_o common_a river_n that_o there_o be_v other_o inferior_a kind_n of_o those_o watery_a instrument_n which_o may_v take_v place_n after_o river_n as_o ditch_n gutter_n sewer_n pool_n pond_n spring_n that_o water_n be_v the_o substantive_a of_o all_o these_o and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o run_a water_n at_o random_n than_o it_o be_v a_o stream_n if_o it_o be_v a_o run_a water_n and_o pen_v within_o wall_n or_o bank_n than_o it_o be_v a_o river_n gutter_n ditch_n or_o sewer_n these_o in_o their_o several_a kind_n i_o do_v distinguish_v and_o spring_v i_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o vital_a spirit_n of_o they_o all_o i_o then_o describe_v the_o commissioner_n manner_n of_o proceed_n which_o may_v be_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n by_o view_n and_o survey_v and_o wherein_o they_o consist_v by_o jury_n and_o on_o what_o part_n that_o stand_v by_o discretion_n and_o the_o diversity_n and_o definition_n thereof_o after_o these_o i_o take_v upon_o i_o by_o how_o many_o several_a way_n the_o defence_n may_v be_v maintain_v which_o be_v nine_o in_o in_o number_n 1._o frontage_n 2._o ownership_n 3._o prescription_n 4._o custom_n 5._o tenure_n 6._o covenant_n 7._o usus_fw-la rei_fw-la 8._o a_o township_n and_o 9_o by_o the_o law_n of_o sewer_n all_o these_o i_o prove_v by_o reason_n precedent_n and_o authority_n and_o do_v at_o large_a discourse_n of_o they_o then_o i_o come_v by_o the_o course_n of_o this_o case_n to_o treat_v of_o sess_v tax_n and_o lay_v set_v by_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n whereby_o i_o find_v some_o inheritance_n there_o be_v which_o be_v subject_a to_o these_o sess_v as_o those_o that_o follow_v house_n land_n meadow_n pasture_n wood_n heath_n fur_n moor_n marsh_n rent_n ferries_n pischaries_n commons_o free_a passage_n park_n warrens_n and_o many_o inheritance_n i_o find_v in_o reason_n free_v from_o these_o tax_n and_o lay_n as_o tithe_n in_o spiritual_a hand_n annuity_n chase_n pension_n proxy_n portion_n mart_n fair_n market_n office_n thing_n in_o action_n condition_n contingent_n uses_n presentation_n foundership_n i_o also_o find_v these_o sess_v of_o three_o kind_n viz._n customary_a and_o then_o they_o may_v bind_v the_o mountain_n as_o well_o as_o the_o valley_n hereditary_a and_o then_o the_o particular_a tenant_n and_o the_o reversion_n must_v both_o contribute_v temporary_a which_o bind_v the_o possessor_n and_o here_o i_o end_v my_o second_o day_n lecture_n the_o three_o lecture_n my_o three_o lecture_n i_o do_v distribute_v into_o three_o general_a head_n which_o be_v mere_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o these_o law_n which_o consist_v either_o in_o punish_v the_o body_n and_o person_n of_o the_o delinquent_n with_o 1._o imprisonment_n 2._o fine_a and_o 3._o amerciament_n or_o in_o do_v execution_n upon_o the_o offender_n estate_n 1._o by_o distress_n or_o 2._o by_o sale_n thereof_o or_o otherwise_o in_o extend_v it_o upon_o a_o man_n personal_a estate_n by_o 1._o charge_v of_o the_o land_n perpetual_o or_o 2._o by_o the_o absolute_a sale_n thereof_o and_o under_o these_o general_a rule_n i_o comprise_v these_o particular_n which_o follow_v first_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o this_o commission_n and_o for_o the_o more_o necessary_a execution_n of_o these_o law_n i_o find_v they_o out_o a_o court_n wherein_o i_o set_v forth_o in_o what_o case_n commissioner_n may_v imprison_v the_o body_n of_o delinquent_n and_o in_o what_o case_n they_o may_v impose_v a_o fine_a and_o when_o amerciament_n be_v due_a and_o then_o i_o show_v that_o for_o some_o transgression_n neither_o imprisonment_n fine_a nor_o amerciament_n be_v to_o be_v impose_v i_o than_o come_v to_o distress_n and_o hold_v a_o treble_a distinction_n of_o they_o videlicet_fw-la that_o some_o be_v 1._o judicial_a and_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o judicial_a record_n of_o this_o court_n 2._o other_o ministerial_a 3._o the_o three_o legal_a wherein_o all_o these_o diversity_n i_o screw_v out_o by_o prove_v authority_n then_o i_o show_v in_o what_o place_n these_o distress_n may_v be_v take_v when_o upon_o the_o land_n charge_v when_o within_o any_o place_n within_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o commission_n and_o sometime_o within_o any_o place_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o when_o the_o proper_a good_n of_o the_o party_n may_v be_v take_v and_o when_o the_o good_n of_o stranger_n and_o when_o good_n may_v be_v sell_v by_o this_o law_n afterward_o according_a to_o the_o order_n prescribe_v i_o by_o my_o case_n i_o declare_v that_o there_o be_v some_o interrupter_n to_o the_o execution_n of_o these_o distress_n the_o one_o be_v by_o sue_v replevin_n wherein_o i_o take_v these_o diversity_n that_o a_o sheriff_n be_v a_o inferior_a officer_n can_v not_o of_o his_o own_o power_n deliver_v a_o distress_n take_v by_o warrant_n of_o sewer_n but_o that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v a_o replevin_n come_v out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n at_o westminster_n quia_fw-la de_fw-la altiori_fw-la natura_fw-la thus_o yet_o notwithstanding_o good_n take_v by_o a_o judgement_n be_v exempt_v from_o that_o replevin_n then_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o land_n whether_o a_o perpetual_a charge_n may_v be_v impose_v or_o not_o and_o from_o thence_o i_o come_v to_o sales_n and_o those_o i_o distribute_v into_o four_o point_n first_o for_o what_o cause_n 2._o what_o land_n 3._o who_o land_n 4._o to_o who_o these_o land_n may_v be_v sell_v i_o after_o come_v into_o the_o tractate_n of_o legal_a proceed_n which_o may_v be_v use_v in_o our_o court_n of_o
fol._n 57_o in_o winbish_n and_o tailboys_n case_n it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o bastard_n eigne_n and_o mulier_fw-la puisne_n and_o the_o bastard_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n enter_v into_o entail_v land_n and_o die_v seize_v this_o do_v not_o bind_v the_o mulier_fw-la in_o case_n of_o estate_n tail_n as_o it_o do_v in_o a_o estate_n of_o fee_n simple_a and_o vouch_v for_o authority_n in_o the_o point_n 39_o ed._n 3._o plac_fw-la ultimo_fw-la where_o the_o case_n be_v that_o land_n be_v give_v in_o tail_n to_o i._o s._n the_o remainder_n 3._o 39_o ed._n 3._o in_o tail_n to_o c._n and_o i._n s._n have_v issue_n by_o a_o woman_n a_o bastard_n and_o die_v seize_v and_o then_o the_o bastard_n die_v seize_v have_v issue_n he_o in_o the_o remainder_n may_v recover_v the_o land_n against_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o bastard_n affirm_v that_o the_o continuance_n of_o possession_n in_o the_o bastard_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o he_o in_o remainder_n to_o which_o opinion_n i_o do_v subscribe_v because_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n be_v a_o stranger_n in_o blood_n and_o so_o can_v be_v conclude_v as_o the_o mulier_fw-la shall_v be_v for_o a_o mulier_fw-la indeed_o be_v like_o a_o graft_n draw_v out_o of_o both_o the_o blood_n of_o father_n and_o mother_n so_o the_o bastard_n be_v a_o slip_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o same_o stock_n and_o have_v his_o be_v therefrom_o and_o for_o my_o own_o opinion_n consider_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2._o de_fw-fr donis_n do_v accept_v of_o gift_n in_o tail_n make_v before_o marriage_n upon_o the_o hope_n and_o expectation_n of_o a_o succeed_a marriage_n to_o perfect_v the_o same_o even_o so_o the_o marriage_n succeed_v to_o a_o bastard_n birth_n give_v he_o and_o his_o issue_n a_o privilege_n in_o these_o case_n of_o descent_n which_o be_v deny_v to_o other_o bastard_n or_o mere_a stranger_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n wherefore_o that_o maxim_n and_o principle_n of_o law_n shall_v be_v alter_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o west_n 2._o but_o because_o mountagues_n opinion_n in_o mr._n blow_n com._n sway_v the_o other_o way_n i_o will_v therefore_o submit_v this_o point_n to_o man_n of_o great_a judgement_n than_o my_o own_o so_o that_o if_o the_o law_n fall_v out_o for_o the_o bastard_n issue_n than_o she_o shall_v have_v title_n to_o the_o half_a part_n belong_v to_o the_o female_n and_o to_o no_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o heir_n males_n and_o with_o this_o conclusion_n i_o do_v here_o end_v my_o common_a law_n point_n and_o will_v now_o resort_v to_o the_o handle_n of_o my_o statute_n point_n the_o sewer_n be_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n i_o be_o desirous_a to_o attribute_v to_o this_o law_n all_o the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n which_o may_v in_o any_o sort_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o therefore_o i_o be_o unwilling_a to_o forget_v any_o thing_n which_o may_v material_o tend_v to_o the_o uphold_v and_o maintain_v thereof_o wherein_o among_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o all_o it_o be_v to_o prove_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n a_o court_n of_o justice_n i_o know_v some_o opinion_n have_v be_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o hold_v that_o the_o commissioner_n have_v only_o the_o power_n of_o a_o commission_n and_o not_o any_o court_n and_o i_o suppose_v much_o may_v be_v say_v to_o maintain_v that_o opinion_n first_o because_o in_o expressis_fw-la terminis_fw-la there_o be_v no_o court_n ordain_v by_o this_o statute_n or_o by_o any_o other_o and_o without_o word_n express_v in_o the_o point_n they_o can_v have_v no_o court._n second_o by_o precedent_n in_o the_o like_a case_n it_o have_v be_v hold_v no_o court_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 8_o report_n the_o king_n grant_v to_o the_o major_a and_o commonalty_n plenum_fw-la &_o integrum_fw-la scrutinium_fw-la gubernationem_fw-la london_n the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n &_o correctionem_fw-la omnium_fw-la &_o singularum_fw-la misteriarum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o they_o have_v no_o court_n in_o this_o case_n because_o no_o court_n be_v grant_v to_o they_o by_o the_o patent_n as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o doctor_n bonham_n case_n fol._n 119_o in_o the_o same_o report_n wherein_o the_o principal_a case_n there_o put_v sway_v the_o same_o way_n for_o there_o the_o physician_n have_v power_n to_o imprison_v and_o to_o fine_a offender_n yet_o they_o have_v not_o any_o court_n thereby_o and_o so_o if_o a_o commission_n issue_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o examine_v matter_n in_o a_o suit_n there_o depend_v and_o to_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n the_o same_o yet_o hereby_o these_o commissioner_n have_v not_o any_o court_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o commission_n be_v derive_v out_o of_o the_o proper_a power_n of_o the_o chancery_n which_o be_v the_o court_n for_o that_o cause_n eo_fw-la instant_n when_o it_o be_v in_o commission_n and_o one_o cause_o can_v uno_fw-la eodemque_fw-la tempore_fw-la depend_v in_o several_a court_n neither_o have_v the_o commissioner_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_n and_o charitable_a use_n any_o court_n nor_o the_o commissioner_n in_o the_o case_n of_o 1_o &_o 2_o eliz._n dier_n fol._n 175._o which_o have_v power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o office_n of_o the_o exigenter_fw-la have_v not_o any_o court_n but_o only_o the_o power_n of_o a_o commission_n for_o in_o truth_n these_o be_v all_o of_o they_o rather_o ministerial_a then_o judicial_a commission_n and_o so_o a_o court_n be_v not_o proper_a to_o they_o yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v a_o eminent_a court_n of_o record_n it_o be_v true_a that_o court_n have_v their_o beginning_n in_o three_o sort_n first_o by_o prescription_n second_o by_o charter-grant_a from_o the_o crown_n and_o three_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1._o the_o court_n hundred_o and_o leet_n begin_v by_o custom_n and_o so_o do_v the_o eminent_a court_n of_o westminster-hall_n 2._o court_n in_o corporation_n most_o of_o they_o take_v their_o beginning_n by_o charter_n and_o 3._o the_o court_n of_o first_o fruit_n and_o ten_o and_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n be_v erect_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o one_o in_o 32_o the_o other_o in_o 33_o hen._n 8._o but_o to_o bring_v the_o question_n near_a home_n to_o our_o statute_n of_o sewer_n which_o be_v but_o additamentum_fw-la legibus_fw-la antiquis_fw-la sewerarum_fw-la for_o they_o have_v be_v use_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o law_n though_o perhaps_o not_o know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o yet_o before_o the_o 6_o h._n 6._o they_o be_v know_v by_o that_o name_n as_o by_o the_o perusal_n of_o that_o statute_n may_v be_v collect_v and_o therefore_o for_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n hereafter_o ensue_v i_o hold_v the_o same_o to_o be_v a_o court._n first_o for_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 12_o ed._n 4._o cap._n 7._o and_o our_o very_a statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 8._o call_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n 4._o 12_o ed._n 4._o justice_n and_o one_o can_v proper_o be_v a_o justice_n or_o a_o judge_n but_o in_o a_o court._n second_o here_o be_v legal_a proceed_n and_o process_n for_o this_o statute_n say_v that_o the_o commissioner_n may_v make_v and_o direct_v all_o writ_n precept_n warrant_n and_o other_o commandment_n to_o all_o sheriff_n bailiff_n and_o other_o minister_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o h._n 4._o cap._n 12._o have_v these_o word_n in_o it_o that_o he_o that_o think_v 4._o 1_o h._n 4._o himself_o grieve_a may_v pursue_v and_o he_o shall_v have_v right_a and_o where_o there_o be_v legal_a proceed_n and_o where_o party_n grieve_v may_v come_v in_o and_o have_v remedy_n for_o the_o wrong_n and_o injury_n do_v to_o they_o there_o be_v proper_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o have_v they_o in_o but_o in_o doctor_n bonham_n case_v the_o physician_n have_v no_o legal_a proceed_n and_o therefore_o party_n grieve_v can_v have_v no_o remedy_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n they_o have_v not_o a_o court._n and_o three_o the_o chief_a reason_n wherefore_o i_o take_v it_o that_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v a_o court_n be_v because_o the_o commission_n of_o sewer_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o renown_a court_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n which_o be_v and_o be_v a_o court_n of_o great_a esteem_n power_n and_o authority_n and_o so_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o erect_v a_o new_a court_n in_o this_o case_n as_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o erect_v and_o find_v the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o first_o fruit_n the_o first_o will_v else_o have_v remain_v in_o the_o chancery_n to_o the_o which_o primary_o it_o do_v belong_v and_o the_o other_o be_v a_o new_a revenue_n and_o want_v a_o court_n to_o direct_v or_o