Selected quad for the lemma: judgement_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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ID |
Title |
Author |
Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) |
STC |
Words |
Pages |
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A11376
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Of the antient lavves of great Britaine. George Saltern
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Salteren, George.
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1605
(1605)
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STC 21635; ESTC S116514
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35,849
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88
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epistle_n do_v require_v that_o before_o i_o enter_v into_o the_o discourse_n of_o our_o ancient_a britain_n law_n i_o speak_v somewhat_o concern_v the_o roman_a law_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o neither_o the_o reverend_a elutherius_n be_v deceive_v in_o judgement_n nor_o the_o godly_a lucius_n in_o his_o choice_n nor_o the_o learned_a fortescue_n in_o his_o testimony_n but_o that_o our_o say_a ancient_a law_n be_v indeed_o as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o roman_n own_o confession_n in_o that_o they_o do_v not_o change_v they_o better_o than_o their_o own_o i_o speak_v as_o a_o christian_a for_o asmuch_o as_o britain_n receive_v the_o law_n of_o christ_n before_o it_o know_v the_o government_n of_o rome_n but_o because_o i_o will_v be_v loath_a to_o offend_v i_o will_v remit_v the_o reader_n that_o be_v desirous_a to_o know_v what_o may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o author_n &_o composer_n of_o the_o first_o roman_a law_n justiniano_n aug._n the_o civit_n dei_fw-la l._n 3_o wesembech_n prefat_n in_o isag_n rival_n in_o hist_o jur._n de_fw-fr justiniano_n to_o st._n augustin_n and_o of_o these_o now_o extant_a to_o wesembechius_n rivallius_n procopius_n and_o other_o and_o for_o the_o principle_n and_o ground_n i_o will_v refer_v they_o to_o consider_v the_o particular_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n yet_o in_o part_n remain_v and_o to_o measure_n and_o examine_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o institutes_n by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n out_o of_o which_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v take_v aristotle_n tully_n isidorus_n etc._n etc._n and_o both_o by_o the_o scripture_n a_o work_n worthy_a the_o vacation_n of_o a_o learned_a man_n but_o for_o the_o law_n of_o britain_n my_o principal_a intention_n before_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o they_o i_o will_v entreat_v a_o little_a leave_n to_o speak_v somewhat_o first_o of_o law_n in_o general_a and_o second_o of_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o i_o will_v for_o by_o know_v what_o they_o be_v we_o shall_v the_o better_o know_v their_o law_n and_o manner_n cap._n 3._o the_o law_n by_o aristotle_n be_v call_v a_o covenant_n of_o the_o society_n of_o man_n leg._n polit._n 1_o de_fw-fr leg._n by_o tully_n the_o reason_n and_o mind_n of_o god_n discern_v just_a and_o unjust_a if_o we_o join_v these_o two_o and_o call_v it_o the_o covenant_n make_v by_o god_n with_o the_o society_n of_o man_n according_a to_o his_o own_o reason_n 5.2_o ex._n 34.27_o &_o 20._o v._o 5.6_o deut._n 5.2_o discern_v just_a &_o unjust_a it_o agree_v with_o the_o word_n of_o moses_n and_o will_v be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o a_o perfect_a definition_n the_o end_n as_o tully_n say_v be_v manifest_a ad_fw-la salutem_fw-la civium_fw-la 2._o de_fw-fr leg._n 2._o civitatumque_fw-la incolunnitatem_fw-la vitamque_fw-la omnium_fw-la quietam_fw-la et_fw-la beatam_fw-la agree_v also_o with_o moses_n if_o salus_fw-la et_fw-la incolumitas_fw-la et_fw-la beatitudo_fw-la be_v take_v for_o all_o the_o blessing_n of_o this_o life_n and_o the_o life_n to_o come_v law_n be_v call_v divine_a or_o humane_a the_o divine_a law_n be_v those_o which_o god_n immediate_o make_v first_o write_v in_o nature_n secondlye_o describe_v in_o the_o ten_o commandment_n &_o the_o scripture_n humane_a law_n be_v law_n derive_v out_o of_o the_o divine_a law_n by_o application_n of_o the_o general_a commandment_n first_o to_o the_o principal_a party_n viz._n to_o god_n to_o the_o common_a estate_n and_o to_o private_a man_n according_a to_o the_o division_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n auson_n auson_n secondlye_o to_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o person_n thing_n action_n time_n place_n penalty_n and_o such_o like_a as_o the_o institutes_n be_v divide_v heerehence_a follow_v a_o conclusion_n observe_v also_o by_o tully_n that_o if_o a_o law_n be_v make_v contain_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v a_o law_n though_o all_o the_o world_n in_o a_o joint_a parliament_n confirm_v it_o for_o neither_o be_v it_o derive_v out_o of_o the_o general_a precept_n nor_o partake_v of_o the_o common_a definition_n see_v it_o be_v not_o a_o covenant_n of_o god_n but_o a_o confederacy_n against_o god_n the_o property_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o law_n be_v first_o to_o make_v a_o distinction_n of_o just_a from_o unjust_a secondlye_o to_o command_v and_o forbid_v thirdlye_o to_o punish_v and_o reward_v these_o thing_n be_v perform_v originallye_o and_o genneral_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o secondary_o and_o particular_o by_o the_o law_n of_o man_n the_o quality_n of_o a_o true_a law_n be_v reckon_v up_o by_o isidorus_n and_o other_o esse_fw-la debet_fw-la lex_fw-la honesta_fw-la justa_fw-la possibilis_fw-la wesemb_n decret_n part._n 1_o wesemb_n secundum_fw-la naturam_fw-la et_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la loco_fw-la et_fw-la tempori_fw-la conveniens_fw-la necessaria_fw-la vel_fw-la utilis_fw-la manifesta_fw-la etc._n etc._n a_o law_n must_v be_v honest_a just_a possible_a agreeable_a to_o nature_n and_o custom_n to_o time_n and_o place_n necessary_a or_o profitable_a and_o manifest_a &_o of_o this_o proceed_v another_o ground_n also_o jus_o nemini_fw-la violare_fw-la vel_fw-la ignorare_fw-la licet_fw-la item_n lex_fw-la obligat_fw-la ad_fw-la scientiam_fw-la ad_fw-la obedientiam_fw-la ad_fw-la paenam_fw-la the_o law_n bind_v to_o knowledge_n obedience_n &_o punishment_n no_o man_n may_v break_v it_o no_o man_n may_v be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o that_o which_o isidore_n say_v when_o law_n be_v make_v no_o man_n may_v judge_v of_o they_o but_o according_a to_o they_o the_o exact_a performance_n of_o the_o law_n be_v call_v justice_n ethic._n 5_o ethic._n the_o moderation_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o consideration_n of_o circumstance_n be_v call_v equity_n the_o contrary_n to_o the_o law_n be_v injury_n jniustice_n jniquity_n wrong_v force_n fraud_n &_o such_o like_a whatsoever_o be_v say_v of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n absolute_o may_v proportional_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o law_n of_o man_n the_o end_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v all_o happiness_n that_o happiness_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o humane_a law_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o conservation_n of_o religion_n 72.85_o psal_n 72.85_o peace_n and_o justice_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v comprehend_v by_o st._n augustin_n under_o the_o name_n of_o peace_n which_o also_o he_o make_v the_o final_a end_n of_o the_o city_n of_o god_n 19_o de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la dei_fw-la li._n 19_o the_o matter_n which_o the_o law_n do_v handle_v be_v chief_o person_n thing_n place_n time_n contract_n offence_n and_o action_n in_o this_o island_n person_n appoint_v special_o for_o the_o procuration_n of_o religion_n be_v the_o archbishop_n bishop_n &_o minister_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o peace_n be_v the_o nobility_n sheriff_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n the_o judge_n professor_n and_o officer_n of_o law_n and_o the_o king_n have_v from_o god_n supreme_a authority_n over_o all_o according_a to_o the_o sentence_n rex_fw-la est_fw-la vicarius_fw-la dei_fw-la other_o distinction_n there_o be_v of_o person_n but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o speak_v of_o every_o difference_n but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o may_v serve_v to_o give_v light_n to_o the_o discourse_n intend_v thing_n also_o have_v many_o division_n whereof_o i_o mean_v to_o touch_v but_o one_o which_o be_v that_o some_o may_v pass_v by_o course_n of_o inheritance_n as_o land_n and_o tenement_n some_o can_v as_o chattelle_n of_o place_n some_o have_v sacred_a privilege_n as_o temple_n represent_v god_n by_o his_o word_n the_o king_n presence_n and_o judicial_a court_n represent_v god_n in_o power_n and_o justice_n other_o be_v ordinary_a and_o common_a and_o of_o they_o some_o be_v public_a as_o markette_n way_n some_o private_a as_o house_n shop_n etc._n etc._n time_n be_v likewise_o divide_v into_o sacred_a and_o common_a the_o day_n the_o night_n and_o such_o like_a division_n contract_n have_v manifold_a distinction_n which_o see_v in_o bracton_n 3_o bracto_fw-la l._n 3_o crime_n be_v either_o against_o religion_n peace_n or_o justice_n and_o again_o be_v consider_v as_o public_a offence_n &_o so_o rex_fw-la pro_fw-la pace_fw-la sequi_fw-la debet_fw-la bracton_n bracton_n in_o which_o all_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v contain_v or_o as_o some_o particular_a person_n be_v interest_v who_o be_v to_o sue_v according_o again_o they_o may_v be_v pursue_v civil_o or_o criminal_o last_o action_n be_v distinguish_v for_o the_o most_o part_n according_a to_o the_o thing_n which_o they_o demand_v or_o the_o person_n plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n or_o the_o court_n wherein_o or_o the_o time_n when_o etc._n etc._n in_o action_n be_v these_o principal_a part_n summons_n or_o citation_n trial_n judgement_n and_o execution_n these_o point_n as_o fit_a to_o be_v seek_v in_o other_o place_n &_o as_o to_o learned_a man_n and_o as_o myself_o not_o half_o learn_v i_o do_v brief_o pass_v
noble_n he_o be_v persuade_v to_o establish_v the_o former_a law_n he_o then_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o according_a to_o the_o course_n and_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n impanel_v twelve_o man_n of_o every_o shire_n to_o inquire_v &_o make_v a_o true_a presentment_n of_o the_o say_v ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n for_o so_o be_v the_o word_n electi_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la totius_fw-la patriae_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la duodecim_fw-la viri_fw-la hoveden_n lamb._n arc._n hoveden_n iureiurando_fw-la coram_fw-la rege_fw-la primum_fw-la confirmaverunt_fw-la ut_fw-la quoad_fw-la possent_fw-la recto_fw-la tramite_fw-la incedentes_fw-la nec_fw-la ad_fw-la dextran_v nec_fw-la ad_fw-la sinistran_v divertente_n legum_fw-la suarum_fw-la et_fw-la consuetudinum_fw-la sancita_fw-la patefacerent_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o among_o the_o rest_n they_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n which_o i_o cite_v before_o i_o say_v nothing_o here_o that_o the_o footstep_n of_o this_o trial_n be_v find_v in_o the_o law_n of_o etheldred_n make_v at_o wantage_n which_o be_v cite_v by_o master_n camden_n nor_o of_o the_o ordinance_n make_v for_o the_o mountainer_n of_o wales_n ingulfus_n malmesbury_n huntingdom_n ethelwardus_n historia_fw-la ely_n remain_v with_o st._n robert_n cotton_n ingulfus_n nor_o of_o the_o law_n of_o kennethus_n the_o famous_a scottish_a king_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n 840._o mention_v some_o such_o matter_n nor_o of_o the_o learned_a &_o diligent_a historian_n that_o live_v near_o about_o the_o conquest_n &_o may_v easy_o have_v tell_v we_o if_o any_o such_o thing_n have_v be_v begin_v by_o the_o saxon_n nor_o of_o the_o history_n of_o ely_n write_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o ingulfus_n soon_o after_o plain_o speak_v of_o manor_n feoffement_n shiriffes_n county_n court_n term_n at_o london_n recovery_n in_o a_o assize_n or_o write_v of_o right_a as_o of_o thing_n they_o common_a and_o usual_a we_o read_v also_o of_o parliament_n wapentake_n homage_v fealty_n descent_n from_o the_o grandfather_n to_o the_o nephew_n eschet_n to_o the_o king_n for_o want_v of_o heir_n in_o the_o day_n of_o aurelius_n ambrose_n gildas_n leland_n hooker_n galf._n mon._n gildas_n and_o of_o arthur_n the_o worthy_a &_o straight_a way_n after_o gildas_n make_v mention_v of_o court_n judge_n freshsuit_n after_o thief_n &_o judgement_n which_o can_v not_o be_v without_o trial_n by_o all_o which_o i_o think_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o these_o point_n of_o common_a law_n &_o namely_o these_o trial_n by_o twelve_o be_v of_o most_o ancient_a antiquity_n according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o use_v among_o other_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a and_o norman_a prince_n of_o who_o no_o such_o liberty_n or_o course_n of_o proceed_v can_v be_v get_v without_o patent_n and_o no_o other_o form_n of_o ancient_a trial_n do_v appear_v upon_o which_o i_o conclude_v as_o before_o that_o they_o have_v it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o britain_n the_o same_o be_v prove_v by_o all_o the_o ancient_a and_o new_a record_n of_o assize_n of_o freshforce_o of_o writ_n of_o right_a and_o other_o tryalle_n in_o london_n which_o must_v be_v all_o falsify_v and_o many_o thousand_o of_o record_n beside_o if_o we_o overthrow_v this_o prescription_n and_o this_o be_v so_o consonant_a to_o the_o judgment_n of_o those_o excellent_a man_n before_o cite_v canden_n belknap_n sr._n io._n fortescue_n &_o sr._n ed._n cook_n let_v we_o now_o leave_v master_n polidor_n &_o his_o follower_n which_o either_o never_o see_v or_o do_v not_o understand_v our_o ancient_a history_n and_o record_n let_v we_o leave_v they_o i_o say_v to_o their_o own_o imagination_n with_o this_o admonition_n to_o all_o discreet_a antiquary_n that_o they_o be_v not_o overhasty_a to_o believe_v either_o the_o roman_a or_o other_o author_n speak_v of_o the_o britain_n thire_n enemy_n but_o hold_v they_o suspect_v for_o partiality_n or_o ignorance_n which_o may_v easy_o appear_v to_o every_o judicial_a reader_n let_v we_o follow_v the_o true_a ground_n confirm_v by_o these_o faithful_a monument_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o history_n thereunto_o agree_v and_o this_o be_v ascertain_v it_o be_v easy_a now_o to_o behold_v from_o whence_o all_o our_o assize_n of_o novel_a diseisin_n of_o mordancester_n of_o darrain_a presentment_n our_o great_a assize_n jury_n challenge_n &_o the_o rest_n of_o which_o mr._n bracton_n at_o large_a discourse_v be_v lineal_o descend_v be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o common_a law_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o be_v before_o speak_v that_o these_o also_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o scripture_n of_o god_n whereupon_o i_o conclude_v full_o that_o all_o our_o common_a law_n be_v in_o use_n in_o the_o britain_n time_n long_o before_o the_o saxon_n howsoever_o suppress_v &_o the_o book_n thereof_o deface_v by_o foreign_a invasion_n and_o intestine_a dissension_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o lucius_n and_o the_o britain_n now_o of_o the_o saxon_a prince_n cap._n 11._o it_o have_v be_v a_o work_n of_o the_o special_a providence_n of_o almighty_a god_n &_o of_o his_o infinite_a mercy_n to_o this_o island_n in_o the_o mid_n of_o poetical_a fable_n wherewith_o the_o british_a history_n have_v be_v mix_v and_o of_o those_o barbarous_a invasion_n which_o have_v waste_v and_o spoil_v they_o to_o leave_v we_o yet_o certain_a remnant_n and_o monument_n whereby_o to_o judge_v of_o those_o long_a past_a antiquity_n in_o judge_v whereof_o man_n by_o take_v contrary_a course_n have_v make_v the_o controversy_n more_o difficult_a that_o the_o truth_n find_v out_o may_v be_v the_o better_o confirm_v for_o some_o have_v give_v themselves_o to_o favour_v the_o roman_a history_n so_o much_o as_o to_o abrogate_v all_o faith_n and_o credit_n from_o the_o british_a as_o if_o the_o ambitious_a roman_n &_o caesar_n will_v say_v nothing_o for_o their_o own_o advantage_n who_o of_o all_o other_o most_o covetous_a of_o glory_n be_v just_o note_v by_o suetonius_n lucian_n and_o asinius_n pollio_n to_o have_v write_v his_o commentary_n as_o much_o as_o he_o may_v to_o save_v his_o own_o honour_n especial_o of_o his_o action_n in_o these_o remote_a place_n other_o have_v go_v so_o far_o to_o the_o bowehand_n as_o to_o favour_v all_o the_o vanity_n of_o the_o poetical_a bard_n as_o if_o nothing_o can_v be_v deny_v which_o they_o have_v once_o turn_v into_o rythme_n but_o that_o god_n which_o come_v into_o the_o world_n to_o bear_v witness_n of_o the_o truth_n so_o much_o do_v he_o love_v it_o have_v leave_v we_o rule_n and_o direction_n to_o try_v out_o the_o verity_n of_o ancient_a time_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o two_o or_o three_o witness_n every_o word_n shall_v be_v confirm_v say_v moses_n and_o as_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a truth_n can_v be_v so_o much_o oppress_v as_o to_o be_v utter_o destitute_a of_o proof_n let_v therefore_o the_o proof_n rest_n upon_o witness_n and_o comparison_n of_o circumstance_n &_o it_o will_v appreare_v as_o sir_n john_n prise_n true_o aver_v and_o learned_o proove_v that_o the_o british_a story_n be_v in_o many_o thing_n more_o to_o be_v credit_v then_o caesar_n and_o polidore_n and_o other_o italian_n beside_o the_o scottish_a history_n agree_v in_o many_o thing_n with_o we_o manifest_o convince_v the_o roman_n of_o their_o arrogancy_n and_o vanity_n and_o with_o all_o minister_v further_a ground_n not_o only_o to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n and_o sincerity_n of_o our_o common_a law_n but_o that_o the_o same_o or_o other_o much_o like_v obtain_v in_o scotland_n also_o as_o well_o as_o here_o which_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o law_n of_o brechus_n &_o fergusius_n answer_v in_o time_n to_o mulmutius_n and_o mercia_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o kennethus_n not_o much_o distant_a from_o alfred_n and_o last_o of_o all_o by_o their_o book_n of_o regiam_fw-la maiestatem_fw-la a_o principal_a book_n of_o common_a law_n among_o they_o agree_v in_o effect_n with_o our_o glanuill_n and_o to_o say_v truth_n there_o be_v little_a difference_n in_o law_n and_o religion_n betwixt_o these_o two_o nation_n until_o the_o bloody_a war_n that_o begin_v after_o the_o time_n of_o our_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o before_o who_o day_n glanuill_n do_v write_v again_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o saxon_a prince_n &_o lawmaker_n do_v make_v mention_v of_o many_o thing_n in_o our_o common_a law_n which_o we_o be_v force_v to_o believe_v that_o they_o receive_v from_o the_o britain_n for_o that_o they_o speak_v of_o they_o as_o of_o thing_n usual_a and_o common_a ina_n alfred_n arc._n lamb._n arc._n edgar_n &_o other_o the_o saxon_a law_n maker_n speak_v of_o the_o parliament_n of_o judgement_n of_o treason_n of_o sanctuary_n of_o purgation_n of_o execution_n by_o hang_v for_o theft_n of_o fresh_a suit_n after_o theive_n