and_o the_o two_o house_n that_o body_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n be_v upon_o a_o question_n depend_v before_o he_o to_o declare_v what_o the_o law_n be_v but_o the_o office_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v only_o to_o make_v new_a law_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o neither_o the_o member_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n nor_o of_o the_o commons_o house_n be_v qualify_v to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o have_v they_o either_o joint_o or_o several_o commission_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o last_o admit_v every_o member_n of_o either_o house_n in_o learn_v sufficient_o qualify_v to_o make_v a_o judge_n their_o composure_n consider_v they_o be_v not_o capable_a joint_o to_o perform_v that_o office_n they_o be_v two_o distinct_a body_n their_o proceed_n several_a and_o distinct_a it_o can_v be_v expect_v but_o they_o shall_v frequent_o differ_v in_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n therefore_o be_v they_o never_o so_o learned_a shall_v the_o king_n grant_v unto_o they_o power_n of_o judicature_n or_o shall_v they_o have_v that_o authority_n give_v they_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o law_n of_o england_n will_v judge_v both_o that_o grant_v and_o statute_n absolute_o void_a 118._o as_o a_o thing_n most_o incongruous_a against_o sense_n and_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o the_o lord_n house_n or_o the_o commons_o house_n or_o both_o house_n joint_o have_v or_o shall_v condemn_v any_o person_n for_o treason_n felony_n or_o other_o capital_a offence_n try_v any_o title_n of_o land_n tax_v the_o people_n with_o payment_n of_o money_n seize_v or_o confiscate_v the_o subject_n estate_n or_o the_o like_a be_v it_o by_o order_n ordinance_n or_o any_o other_o way_n all_o such_o proceed_n be_v void_a do_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la 76._o and_o consequent_o both_o the_o member_n and_o all_o person_n execute_v their_o command_n therein_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n punishable_a as_o murderer_n felon_n or_o other_o transgressor_n because_o do_v without_o warrant_n or_o authority_n and_o how_o long_o soever_o they_o shall_v continue_v this_o power_n and_o how_o frequent_o soever_o it_o be_v use_v that_o alter_v not_o the_o case_n the_o law_n be_v still_o the_o same_o it_o be_v yet_o herein_o i_o do_v not_o abridge_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v true_a when_o the_o king_n have_v constitute_v a_o lord_n high_a steward_n and_o consent_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o peer_n for_o his_o life_n for_o a_o fact_n commit_v against_o the_o know_a law_n such_o a_o peer_n not_o only_o may_v but_o aught_o the_o lord_n observe_v the_o rule_n of_o law_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o lord_n his_o peer_n but_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n for_o the_o lord_n or_o for_o the_o commons_o or_o for_o both_o house_n joint_o although_o the_o king_n shall_v give_v way_n thereunto_o to_o try_v or_o judge_v any_o commoner_n every_o 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court_n be_v those_o unto_o who_o the_o people_n be_v bind_v last_o to_o submit_v themselves_o for_o every_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o some_o respect_n be_v inferior_a to_o another_o court_n or_o power_n unto_o which_o appeal_v lie_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o the_o like_a unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n when_o the_o cause_n regular_o depend_v before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o common_a plea_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n into_o which_o chamber_n thing_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o difficulty_n concern_v matter_n of_o law_n be_v usual_o transmit_v and_o be_v there_o judicial_o determine_v from_o that_o sentence_n tâ—_n conceive_v no_o appeal_n lie_v to_o any_o other_o court_n by_o writ_n of_o error_n that_o be_v the_o right_n sentence_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n yet_o from_o that_o judgement_n some_o person_n be_v of_o opinion_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v before_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o upper_a house_n of_o parliament_n but_o upon_o consideration_n have_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n concern_v the_o proceed_n in_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v there_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o permit_v any_o such_o appeal_n unto_o the_o lord_n upon_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n before_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n to_o reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n i_o conceive_v begin_v thus_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v the_o high_a court_n of_o judicature_n wherein_o any_o suit_n of_o law_n can_v legal_o and_o regular_o be_v bring_v and_o therefore_o their_o proceed_n not_o to_o be_v examine_v by_o any_o other_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v inferior_a to_o it_o but_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v as_o subject_a to_o err_v as_o the_o judge_n of_o other_o court_n therefore_o as_o requisite_a to_o 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lord_n house_n have_v this_o jurisdiction_n by_o prescription_n the_o same_o use_n and_o custom_n require_v these_o circumstance_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n consent_n to_o prosecute_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v obtain_v because_o every_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n do_v immediate_o concern_v the_o king_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n be_v proper_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n 2._o that_o the_o lord_n after_o the_o cause_n be_v bring_v before_o they_o proceed_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o prescription_n to_o have_v a_o profession_n of_o law_n court_v of_o judicature_n erect_v person_n learn_v in_o that_o profession_n appoint_v judge_n thereof_o it_o be_v most_o preposterous_a to_o have_v the_o proceed_n of_o these_o judge_n even_o in_o the_o most_o difficult_a point_n of_o the_o law_n examine_v reverse_a and_o control_v by_o person_n ignorant_a in_o that_o profession_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o england_n no_o man_n be_v capable_a to_o be_v a_o judge_n unless_o he_o have_v understanding_n in_o the_o law_n to_o perform_v that_o office_n therefore_o shall_v the_o king_n grant_v to_o one_o who_o be_v most_o learned_a a_o judge_n place_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n as_o to_o his_o heir_n it_o be_v void_a and_o the_o same_o it_o be_v if_o such_o a_o grant_n be_v make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o so_o consequent_o if_o the_o lord_n shall_v prescribe_v that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o parliament_z time_n have_v without_o mention_v it_o to_o be_v with_o the_o advice_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o judge_n reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o in_o any_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v disallow_v judge_v as_o a_o evil_a use_n
when_o the_o law_n be_v only_o declare_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n declare_v that_o it_o be_v not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n treason_n to_o kill_v or_o to_o attempt_v to_o kill_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n or_o prince_n or_o that_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n to_o steal_v or_o the_o like_a such_o declaration_n be_v of_o no_o effect_n they_o ought_v not_o they_o do_v not_o they_o can_v conclude_v the_o judge_n and_o as_o every_o statute_n may_v be_v judge_v by_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v bind_v or_o void_a so_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n thereof_o must_v be_v by_o the_o judge_n expound_v too_o it_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n which_o be_v the_o law_n not_o the_o bare_a letter_n and_o this_o exposition_n be_v likewise_o the_o office_n of_o the_o judge_n as_o be_v say_v before_o for_o example_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 1_o eliz._n it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o lease_n make_v afterward_o by_o any_o bishop_n of_o his_o church-land_n exceed_v print_v 21._o year_n or_o three_o life_n shall_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n be_v judge_v void_a and_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v both_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o in_o the_o common_a plea_n that_o a_o lease_n for_o a_o hundred_o year_n be_v not_o void_a against_o that_o bishop_n himself_o who_o be_v lessor_n wherein_o the_o judge_n expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n to_o be_v thus_o that_o their_o intent_n be_v only_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o successor_n not_o to_o relieve_v any_o man_n against_o his_o own_o act_n therefore_o such_o lease_n make_v after_o the_o statute_n exceed_v twenty_o one_o year_n or_o three_o life_n be_v voidable_o only_o by_o the_o successor_n if_o they_o please_v and_o adjudge_v not_o void_a against_o the_o lessour_n himself_o contrary_a to_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v other_o infinite_a act_n of_o parliament_n expound_v by_o the_o judge_n wherein_o 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it_o be_v of_o no_o more_o nor_o great_a force_n or_o effect_n then_o for_o the_o judge_n of_o a_o court_n of_o judicature_n to_o give_v their_o opinion_n in_o a_o point_n of_o law_n in_o a_o case_n not_o judicial_o depend_v before_o they_o such_o a_o opinion_n bind_v not_o nor_o be_v pleadable_a in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o beside_o the_o absurd_a inconvenience_n and_o the_o impossibility_n to_o have_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o determine_v every_o question_n arise_v upon_o statute_n it_o may_v so_o happen_v as_o that_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n can_v never_o give_v a_o end_n to_o one_o controversy_n for_o example_n suppose_v a_o act_n be_v make_v to_o explain_v the_o meaning_n of_o former_a statute_n ambiguous_o pen_v the_o word_n of_o this_o act_n must_v have_v a_o meaning_n too_o and_o may_v admit_v of_o several_a interpretation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o former_a act_n do_v and_o several_a person_n as_o they_o be_v therein_o concern_v may_v differ_v in_o the_o exposition_n thereof_o and_o so_o irreconcilable_a as_o not_o to_o be_v end_v without_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n and_o this_o may_v fall_v out_o upon_o every_o act_n of_o explanation_n upon_o explanation_n in_o infinitum_fw-la and_o consequent_o by_o that_o way_n there_o can_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n be_v a_o final_a determination_n of_o the_o difference_n 2._o the_o validity_n of_o every_o statute_n and_o the_o exposition_n thereof_o at_o the_o will_n of_o every_o person_n concern_v may_v regular_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n but_o can_v judicial_o depend_v before_o the_o parliament_n for_o example_n every_o statute_n be_v bind_v or_o void_a if_o bind_v it_o concern_v the_o subject_a in_o his_o person_n or_o estate_n and_o when_o it_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n the_o minister_n or_o actor_n therein_o may_v at_o the_o will_n of_o he_o interrupt_v thereby_o be_v sue_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n or_o in_o some_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n by_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n by_o which_o suit_n what_o ever_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v both_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n thereof_o be_v submit_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n and_o to_o their_o judgement_n as_o suppose_v this_o case_n to_o arise_v upon_o the_o foresay_a statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o that_o one_o who_o have_v continue_v sheriff_n above_o one_o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o county_n do_v arrest_v the_o body_n of_o a._n who_o for_o this_o bring_v his_o action_n of_o trespass_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o which_o the_o sheriff_n justify_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o writ_n a._n reply_n plead_v the_o statute_n and_o show_v that_o the_o year_n be_v end_v before_o the_o arrest_n upon_o which_o the_o sheriff_n demur_n in_o law_n by_o these_o plead_n the_o whole_a fact_n be_v confess_v on_o both_o side_n the_o sheriff_n do_v acknowledge_v his_o year_n be_v out_o before_o the_o arrest_n and_o a._n confess_v the_o arrest_n be_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n write_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o so_o the_o question_n be_v matter_n of_o law_n it_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n wherein_o the_o sole_a doubt_n be_v whether_o that_o statute_n be_v bind_v or_o void_a for_o if_o bind_v judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n a._n because_o the_o statute_n be_v good_a the_o defendant_n be_v not_o sheriff_n after_o his_o year_n end_v when_o he_o make_v the_o arrest_n and_o so_o have_v no_o authority_n if_o void_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o sheriff_n for_o then_o the_o law_n be_v not_o by_o it_o alter_v and_o so_o he_o be_v sheriff_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o arrest_n although_o his_o year_n be_v out_o now_o in_o this_o case_n no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o judge_n must_v give_v judgement_n else_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n which_o be_v absurd_a to_o imagine_v have_v not_o power_n to_o determine_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v as_o in_o this_o case_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v for_o the_o sheriff_n because_o it_o be_v already_o resolve_v and_o receive_v for_o a_o know_a truth_n that_o the_o foresay_a statute_n bind_v not_o the_o king_n this_o duty_n of_o the_o subject_a to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o person_n say_v the_o book_n 14._o be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n can_v be_v sever_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v final_a and_o so_o if_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o a_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n or_o any_o other_o subject_n by_o name_n shall_v not_o be_v condemn_v or_o punish_v for_o murder_n who_o afterward_o commit_v the_o fact_n for_o which_o be_v arraign_v at_o the_o king_n bench_n bar_n he_o plead_v the_o statute_n the_o judge_n even_o against_o the_o express_a word_n and_o intent_n of_o that_o act_n aught_o to_o give_v sentence_n of_o death_n and_o contrariwise_o if_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o pardon_n for_o felony_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v judge_v void_a after_o which_o a_o subject_n commit_v felony_n obtain_v the_o king_n pardon_n for_o it_o be_v arraign_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o plead_v this_o pardon_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v allow_v be_v due_o plead_v and_o the_o justice_n in_o such_o case_n ought_v not_o to_o condemn_v but_o to_o acquit_v the_o prisoner_n and_o these_o judgement_n as_o to_o any_o appeal_n to_o the_o parliament_n be_v final_a they_o can_v be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n by_o any_o suit_n or_o action_n at_o law_n they_o can_v judicial_o determine_v any_o
not_o consonant_n to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n or_o reason_n it_o be_v without_o any_o disparagement_n to_o their_o lordship_n all_o one_o if_o not_o better_a when_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n err_v in_o judgement_n to_o have_v it_o determine_v by_o cast_v of_o lot_n for_o whether_o right_a or_o wrong_a judgement_n be_v give_v if_o the_o lord_n determine_v it_o it_o be_v but_o chance_n whether_o they_o pursue_v the_o law_n or_o not_o and_o if_o by_o lot_n expense_n of_o money_n be_v save_v therefore_o clear_v it_o be_v to_o examine_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n by_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n be_v in_o effect_n for_o the_o same_o person_n to_o judge_v whether_o themselves_o err_v or_o not_o and_o so_o whether_o the_o lord_n have_v or_o have_v not_o this_o power_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n report_n be_v still_o depend_v upon_o and_o in_o case_n the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n make_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v the_o same_o thing_n when_o that_o act_n be_v pass_v from_o they_o as_o before_o appear_v a_o appeal_n lie_v by_o a_o action_n or_o suit_n at_o law_n unto_o the_o judge_n who_o have_v power_n to_o determine_v whether_o that_o statute_n be_v bind_v or_o void_a and_o therefore_o clear_a and_o manifest_v it_o be_v that_o in_o matter_n of_o law_n the_o last_o and_o final_a sentence_n be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o i_o think_v for_o a_o nation_n which_o have_v be_v govern_v so_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n by_o a_o know_a law_n and_o under_o it_o so_o flourish_v a_o people_n as_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n have_v be_v and_o yet_o not_o to_o be_v agree_v who_o be_v the_o final_a judge_n of_o the_o law_n be_v so_o gross_a a_o thing_n as_o that_o all_o foreign_a nation_n hear_v of_o it_o can_v but_o account_v we_o man_n to_o have_v lose_v our_o wit_n in_o every_o constitution_n it_o be_v oftentimes_o difficult_a even_o among_o the_o learned_a in_o the_o profession_n in_o some_o particular_a question_n arise_v to_o determine_v what_o the_o law_n be_v but_o not_o to_o know_v what_o person_n have_v authority_n to_o decide_v those_o question_n be_v most_o ridiculous_a the_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v so_o conspicuous_a as_o that_o all_o person_n even_o from_o the_o most_o learned_a unto_o the_o most_o ignorant_a may_v equal_o alike_o discern_v the_o man_n which_o consider_v i_o conceive_v it_o necessary_a not_o only_o for_o the_o information_n of_o the_o vulgar_a people_n of_o england_n which_o have_v herein_o be_v gross_o deceive_v but_o for_o the_o vindication_n and_o honour_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n and_o the_o law_n establish_v so_o far_o to_o digress_v as_o in_o a_o word_n to_o show_v how_o this_o fond_a question_n be_v raise_v and_o controvert_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v thus_o this_o nation_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o know_a law_n that_o law_n â—â—dgeth_v the_o king_n to_o be_v our_o only_a supreme_a governor_n give_v power_n to_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n and_o no_o other_o to_o alter_v that_o law_n and_o to_o make_v new_a law_n and_o to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o ascribe_v the_o power_n final_o to_o declare_v the_o law_n now_o such_o who_o aim_n be_v to_o usurp_v sovereignty_n or_o to_o swallow_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o nation_n can_v hope_v to_o effect_v their_o end_n by_o submit_v to_o the_o know_a law_n that_o be_v to_o commit_v a_o crime_n &_o immediate_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o block_n therefore_o they_o must_v either_o deceive_v the_o people_n by_o mis-informing_a they_o what_o the_o law_n be_v else_o by_o strong_a hand_n to_o enforce_v upon_o they_o a_o new_a law_n for_o their_o own_o purpose_n now_o that_o the_o member_n aim_v be_v at_o no_o less_o than_o all_o be_v too_o too_o apparent_a but_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o these_o distraction_n they_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o force_v the_o people_n therefore_o their_o judgement_n must_v be_v deceive_v hereupon_o the_o plot_n be_v that_o the_o member_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v gain_v the_o reputation_n of_o be_v the_o final_a judge_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v effect_v thus_o the_o people_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o good_a law_n obtain_v of_o the_o king_n by_o the_o member_n procurement_n be_v inclinable_a to_o believe_v whatever_o they_o propound_v then_o the_o member_n vote_v thus_o viz._n that_o when_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o declare_v what_o the_o law_n of_o vote_n the_o land_n be_v it_o be_v a_o high_a breach_n of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n to_o question_v it_o this_o be_v publish_v and_o the_o people_n by_o incendiary_n spread_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n for_o that_o purpose_n by_o false_a calumny_n cast_v upon_o the_o king_n be_v gross_o abuse_v the_o member_n work_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n finish_v then_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o power_n of_o the_o militia_n declare_v that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v not_o in_o the_o king_n person_n but_o virtual_o in_o they_o and_o from_o thence_o what_o make_v for_o their_o advantage_n how_o gross_a soever_o do_v but_o the_o member_n declare_v it_o for_o law_n and_o good_a enough_o thus_o the_o justice_n seat_n even_o by_o a_o sleight_n become_v both_o dispute_v and_o usurp_v but_o now_o the_o scale_n be_v turn_v the_o people_n understanding_n be_v enlighten_v they_o see_v how_o gross_o they_o be_v mislead_v they_o find_v that_o whilst_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n declare_v the_o law_n both_o king_n and_o subject_a be_v preserve_v in_o their_o person_n life_n and_o fortune_n that_o by_o this_o usurpation_n the_o know_a law_n be_v subvert_v and_o consequent_o that_o protection_n vanish_v but_o as_o the_o people_n have_v change_v their_o opinion_n so_o have_v the_o member_n frame_v a_o new_a argument_n they_o have_v leave_v the_o word_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o sword_n they_o have_v army_n to_o back_v they_o their_o will_n be_v now_o the_o law_n and_o resolve_v whilst_o they_o can_v by_o force_n to_o hold_v it_o thus_o we_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o gulf_n of_o misery_n whereas_o have_v the_o people_n be_v but_o half_a so_o careful_a to_o have_v find_v out_o the_o truth_n as_o they_o be_v industrious_a to_o effect_v their_o own_o destruction_n these_o calamity_n have_v be_v prevent_v when_o the_o difference_n first_o happen_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o member_n have_v not_o the_o people_n leap_v into_o their_o own_o ruin_n but_o take_v the_o least_o consideration_n thereof_o have_v they_o bethink_v themselves_o how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v right_o inform_v what_o the_o law_n be_v they_o must_v have_v resolve_v that_o as_o we_o have_v a_o law_n consequent_o there_o must_v so_o long_o have_v be_v a_o judge_n of_o that_o law_n but_o the_o member_n neither_o exercise_v or_o pretend_v any_o such_o power_n one_o minute_n beyond_o the_o foresay_a vote_n and_o for_o authority_n to_o make_v their_o pretence_n good_a none_o can_v be_v produce_v but_o that_o their_o own_o testimony_n in_o this_o their_o own_o case_n and_o in_o a_o thing_n of_o no_o less_o concernment_n than_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o their_o own_o use_n and_o enslave_v the_o people_n to_o their_o own_o pleasure_n hereupon_o doubtless_o the_o people_n will_v have_v conclude_v that_o not_o the_o member_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o man_n unto_o who_o all_o person_n be_v oblige_v to_o submit_v for_o matter_n of_o law_n but_o it_o be_v object_v that_o this_o be_v too_o great_a a_o power_n for_o the_o judge_n for_o say_v they_o those_o person_n may_v and_o do_v err_v in_o judgement_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o corruption_n as_o in_o that_o case_n of_o ship-money_n answer_n it_o be_v true_a the_o judge_n have_v err_v and_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o shipmoney_n they_o do_v err_v and_o be_v corrupt_v too_o and_o that_o it_o can_v be_v expect_v but_o they_o shall_v again_o and_o again_o err_v &_o be_v corrupt_a yet_o until_o we_o have_v other_o creature_n than_o man_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o for_o judge_n this_o objection_n ought_v to_o be_v disallow_v we_o find_v the_o member_n to_o be_v no_o go_n and_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o business_n conclude_v to_o be_v too_o great_a for_o the_o judge_n i_o answer_v that_o that_o power_n must_v be_v in_o some_o to_o have_v a_o law_n without_o a_o judge_n final_o to_o end_v controversy_n be_v worse_o than_o to_o have_v no_o law_n at_o all_o and_o to_o have_v a_o law_n and_o a_o judge_n of_o that_o law_n who_o understand_v not_o the_o profession_n be_v a_o degree_n worse_o than_o
authority_n the_o power_n to_o pardon_v the_o transgressor_n thereof_o and_o authority_n to_o dispense_v 502._o with_o the_o law_n itself_o be_v total_o in_o he_o for_o example_n if_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v make_v felony_n or_o other_o crime_n to_o transport_v any_o commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o king_n after_o the_o fact_n commit_v may_v pardon_v the_o offence_n and_o before_o it_o be_v commit_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n without_o assent_n of_o the_o member_n may_v by_o a_o non_fw-la abstante_fw-la dispense_v with_o the_o law_n itself_o and_o legal_o authorize_v any_o person_n notwithstanding_o that_o statute_n to_o transport_v that_o prohibit_v commodity_n and_o so_o in_o all_o public_a and_o penal_a act_n not_o prohibit_v malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la thus_o it_o appear_v that_o original_o the_o parliament_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n call_v to_o he_o for_o their_o advice_n such_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a but_o now_o by_o consent_n of_o former_a king_n as_o aforesaid_a no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a alter_v or_o abrogate_a but_o by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n and_o so_o the_o king_n and_o the_o member_n 33._o of_o these_o two_o assembly_n joint_o concur_v at_o this_o day_n be_v the_o parliament_n upon_o which_o it_o consequent_o follow_v that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o absolute_a negative_a voice_n in_o every_o law_n to_o be_v propound_v but_o in_o regard_n this_o be_v now_o not_o only_o deny_v but_o a_o power_n usurp_v by_o those_o member_n without_o the_o king_n to_o make_v law_n in_o the_o next_o place_n that_o point_n be_v more_o full_o debate_v chap._n iii_o that_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n have_v not_o power_n in_o any_o one_o particular_a to_o make_v a_o new_a law_n or_o to_o change_v the_o old_a voice_n the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o the_o time_n be_v have_v a_o absolute_a negative_a voice_n therein_o against_o this_o i_o have_v see_v a_o treatise_n publish_v by_o order_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o the_o name_n of_o william_n pryn_n a_o utter_a barrister_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n entitle_v thus_o viz._n that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o absolute_a negative_a voice_n in_o pass_a bill_n of_o common_a right_n and_o justice_n for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o to_o make_v good_a his_o position_n proceed_v to_o his_o proof_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o king_n say_v he_o in_o most_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n as_o in_o reverse_v judgement_n damn_v patent_n and_o the_o like_a have_v no_o cast_v voice_n 2._o that_o king_n in_o ancient_a time_n have_v usual_o consent_v to_o bill_n for_o the_o public_a good_a else_o give_v such_o reason_n of_o their_o denial_n as_o satisfy_v both_o house_n 3._o that_o kingdom_n be_v before_o king_n and_o then_o the_o people_n may_v have_v make_v law_n 4._o that_o the_o king_n may_v die_v without_o heir_n and_o thereby_o the_o people_n may_v have_v such_o power_n again_o 5._o that_o the_o lord_n protector_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o a_o king_n may_v confirm_v bill_n and_o so_o make_v law_n 6._o that_o in_o country_n where_o king_n be_v elective_a and_o so_o a_o interregnum_fw-la the_o people_n in_o the_o vacancy_n of_o their_o king_n may_v make_v law_n 7._o that_o the_o two_o house_n have_v frequent_o deny_v to_o grant_v the_o king_n aide_n by_o subsidy_n 8._o that_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v be_v force_v to_o give_v their_o royal_a assent_n to_o bill_n as_o in_o that_o of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o his_o objection_n and_o argument_n against_o the_o king_n negative_a voice_n in_o parliament_n answer_n m._n pryn_n have_v spare_v no_o labour_n to_o make_v good_a his_o assertion_n fetch_v his_o argument_n from_o a_o time_n suppose_v by_o he_o before_o monarchy_n here_o begin_v second_o upon_o accident_n happen_v since_o this_o monarchy_n and_o then_o imagine_v a_o time_n to_o come_v that_o be_v when_o the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o england_n shall_v be_v extinct_a for_o want_v of_o a_o heir_n at_o law_n to_o inherit_v the_o crown_n first_o for_o his_o far_o fetch_a argument_n kingdom_n say_v he_o be_v before_o king_n these_o word_n take_v in_o their_o literal_a sense_n imply_v a_o gross_a and_o absurd_a contradiction_n and_o he_o may_v as_o well_o say_v that_o servant_n be_v before_o master_n or_o the_o son_n before_o the_o father_n but_o doubtless_o mr._n pryn_n meaning_n be_v that_o country_n and_o people_n be_v before_o they_o have_v king_n over_o they_o yet_o his_o word_n be_v so_o expound_v make_v nothing_o to_o his_o purpose_n suppose_v that_o before_o monarchy_n begin_v in_o this_o nation_n the_o people_n have_v be_v govern_v by_o a_o know_a law_n to_o conclude_v thereupon_o that_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n at_o this_o day_n have_v power_n to_o make_v law_n without_o the_o king_n or_o that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o a_o negative_a voice_n in_o parliament_n be_v to_o no_o more_o purpose_n then_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v the_o earth_n be_v make_v before_o it_o be_v people_v ergo_fw-la there_o be_v neither_o man_n woman_n nor_o child_n in_o the_o world_n or_o thus_o this_o nation_n be_v people_v before_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o law_n ergo_fw-la the_o people_n neither_o have_v either_o law_n or_o government_n the_o jew_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n may_v argue_v thus_o viz._n our_o religion_n be_v before_o christ_n ergo_fw-la the_o people_n at_o this_o day_n ought_v not_o to_o profess_v christian_a religion_n but_o mr._n pryn_n argument_n be_v more_o absurd_a he_o can_v show_v that_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n before_o they_o be_v govern_v under_o king_n have_v either_o literature_n know_v law_n or_o government_n however_o clear_v it_o be_v this_o nation_n have_v be_v monarchiall_a above_o 1200._o year_n before_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o so_o mr._n pryn_n argument_n that_o kingdom_n be_v before_o king_n be_v no_o weight_n at_o all_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o two_o house_n have_v power_n to_o make_v law_n without_o the_o king_n and_o much_o like_a unto_o it_o be_v his_o argument_n that_o the_o king_n may_v die_v without_o heir_n for_o if_o that_o shall_v happen_v say_v mr._n pryn_n the_o people_n may_v make_v what_o law_n they_o shall_v think_v fit_a now_o thereupon_o he_o conclude_v thus_o ergo_fw-la the_o member_n at_o this_o day_n have_v power_n without_o the_o king_n to_o make_v law_n with_o more_o reason_n the_o king_n may_v argue_v thus_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n mediate_o or_o immediate_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o if_o the_o owner_n die_v without_o heir_n by_o the_o law_n 20._o of_o the_o realm_n escheat_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o so_o become_v at_o the_o king_n disposal_n but_o every_o man_n may_v die_v without_o heir_n ergo_fw-la all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n at_o this_o present_a be_v the_o proper_a inheritance_n of_o the_o king_n no_o lawyer_n can_v deny_v major_a or_o minor_a yet_o the_o conclution_n thereupon_o be_v absurd_a but_o in_o mr._n pryn_n case_n admit_v the_o king_n shall_v die_v without_o heir_n although_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o people_n have_v thereby_o power_n to_o make_v law_n yet_o gross_a it_o be_v to_o conclude_v upon_o it_o that_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n may_v so_o do_v for_o if_o the_o king_n and_o that_o stem_n royal_a be_v extinct_a without_o issue_n the_o two_o house_n will_v be_v extinct_a too_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n if_o the_o king_n die_v during_o a_o parliament_n 26._o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o parliament_n be_v dissolve_v because_o the_o king_n who_o be_v head_n to_o advise_v with_o who_o and_o by_o who_o writ_n and_o command_v the_o member_n be_v summon_v be_v dead_a yet_o in_o that_o case_n the_o successor_n king_n if_o he_o please_v may_v call_v a_o new_a parl._n but_o when_o the_o king_n die_v without_o heir_n there_o be_v no_o succeed_v king_n to_o summon_v it_o and_o so_o the_o constitution_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o whole_a law_n and_o government_n the_o fountain_n of_o all_o which_o be_v stop_v will_v be_v suspend_v if_o not_o end_v and_o the_o people_n leave_v without_o law_n then_o it_o may_v be_v grant_v mr._n pryn_n that_o the_o strong_a party_n concur_v in_o that_o case_n will_v govern_v yet_o that_o be_v no_o proof_n that_o the_o member_n have_v thereby_o power_n to_o make_v law_n and_o therefore_o more_o absurd_a it_o be_v to_o conclude_v upon_o mr._n pryn_n reason_n that_o the_o two_o house_n at_o this_o day_n whilst_o the_o king_n and_o the_o blood_n royal_a be_v in_o be_v have_v that_o power_n then_o for_o his_o objection_n upon_o authority_n or_o precedent_n happen_v since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o english_a monarchy_n king_n say_v he_o
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the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o jury_n determine_v not_o the_o question_n all_o twelve_o must_v agree_v else_o it_o be_v no_o verdict_n for_o the_o question_n be_v fact_n some_o one_o of_o the_o jury_n may_v have_v better_a knowledge_n thereof_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n so_o in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a alter_v without_o a_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n it_o be_v that_o unite_a body_n which_o at_o this_o day_n as_o to_o the_o legislative_a power_n represent_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n alone_o do_v not_o in_o that_o manner_n represent_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n the_o lord_n &_o the_o peer_n and_o the_o king_n for_o himself_o but_o all_o together_o do_v represent_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n no_o one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o body_n can_v herein_o be_v say_v to_o represent_v only_o any_o part_n every_o common_a person_n do_v herein_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n asmuch_o depend_v upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n as_o upon_o the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n and_o so_o do_v the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n upon_o those_o member_n for_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o as_o now_o by_o consent_n of_o former_a king_n it_o be_v settle_v be_v herewith_o joint_o trust_v as_o if_o three_o lord_n authorize_v three_o several_a person_n to_o sell_v their_o land_n if_o two_o of_o they_o sell_v it_o bind_v not_o therefore_o in_o judge_v that_o sale_n void_a no_o man_n be_v injure_v the_o lord_n be_v seize_v of_o their_o land_n as_o before_o and_o the_o person_n trust_v have_v the_o same_o power_n that_o be_v
of_o they_o have_v its_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a jurisdiction_n the_o chancery_n for_o equity_n the_o king_n bench_n for_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o common_a plea_n for_o real_a action_n and_o other_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n the_o exchequer_n for_o the_o king_n revenue_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o court_n be_v circumscribe_v within_o its_o own_o bound_n the_o chancery_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o some_o particular_a case_n warrant_v by_o custom_n have_v not_o power_n to_o determine_v question_n of_o law_n nor_o the_o other_o three_o court_n matter_n of_o equity_n the_o common_a plea_n not_o to_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n nor_o the_o king_n bench_n unless_o occasion_v by_o breach_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n with_o question_n concern_v title_n of_o land_n and_o none_o of_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o extend_v beyond_o its_o bound_n in_o any_o one_o particular_a all_o which_o be_v make_v good_a by_o authority_n and_o reason_n for_o authority_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n that_o if_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n 77._o in_o a_o appeal_v or_o indictment_n for_o murder_n felony_n or_o other_o capital_a crime_n condemn_v any_o person_n their_o proceed_n be_v void_a as_o do_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la that_o person_n so_o condemn_v although_o guilty_a of_o the_o fact_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n be_v not_o attaint_v nor_o his_o blood_n corrupt_v he_o forfeit_v not_o his_o estate_n and_o if_o execute_v 76._o although_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n both_o judge_n and_o executioner_n be_v guilty_a of_o felony_n and_o punishable_a as_o if_o do_v without_o that_o command_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o leete_n hold_v his_o court_n or_o the_o sheriff_n his_o turn_n at_o other_o time_n than_o custom_n do_v warrant_v or_o the_o court_n of_o marshalsey_n assume_v jurisdiction_n not_o make_v good_a by_o use_n their_o proceed_n be_v void_a in_o all_o which_o case_n the_o officer_n or_o minister_n of_o those_o court_n be_v punishable_a for_o execute_v the_o command_n of_o the_o judge_n thereof_o wherein_o the_o law_n take_v this_o difference_n viz._n when_o a_o court_n assume_v power_n to_o determine_v that_o which_o it_o have_v not_o commission_n to_o determine_v 76._o and_o when_o it_o have_v jurisdiction_n of_o the_o cause_n yet_o proceed_v inverso_fw-la ordine_fw-la in_o the_o first_o as_o in_o the_o case_n aforesaid_a the_o minister_n be_v not_o excuse_v or_o justify_v by_o the_o warrant_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o latter_a the_o warrant_n or_o process_n of_o the_o court_n be_v a_o legal_a justification_n as_o thus_o if_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n hold_v plea_n without_o original_n or_o award_v process_n of_o capias_fw-la against_o a_o peer_n and_o the_o like_a in_o these_o case_n although_o the_o proceed_n be_v illegal_a yet_o in_o regard_n the_o court_n have_v jurisdiction_n to_o determine_v the_o cause_n if_o it_o be_v 76._o regular_o bring_v before_o they_o the_o process_n or_o warrant_n of_o the_o court_n be_v a_o good_a justification_n for_o the_o minister_n thereof_o and_o this_o rule_n hold_v with_o all_o other_o court_n assembly_n and_o person_n when_o they_o act_v or_o do_v such_o thing_n as_o they_o have_v 74._o not_o commission_n for_o their_o proceed_n be_v void_a so_o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n admit_v not_o of_o judge_n but_o person_n qualify_v to_o perform_v that_o office_n yet_o ability_n by_o itself_o be_v no_o commission_n to_o make_v a_o judge_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v as_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n and_o as_o able_a for_o their_o knowledge_n to_o determine_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n but_o they_o have_v not_o the_o same_o authority_n the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n have_v not_o use_v it_o and_o consequent_o it_o be_v out_o of_o their_o commission_n and_o that_o no_o court_n ought_v to_o extend_v its_o 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and_o that_o 15._o in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n the_o defendant_n answer_v in_o the_o same_o court_n and_o language_n out_o of_o which_o plead_v the_o case_n arise_v which_o sometime_o be_v questio_fw-la facti_fw-la and_o sometime_o questio_fw-la juris_fw-la if_o it_o be_v facti_fw-la it_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n swear_v by_o authority_n of_o that_o court_n where_o the_o suit_n depend_v and_o that_o can_v be_v the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n for_o beside_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o language_n those_o member_n can_v give_v a_o oath_n and_o if_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o law_n the_o swear_a judge_n be_v to_o determine_v it_o but_o they_o be_v not_o swear_v to_o do_v justice_n and_o for_o the_o lord_n house_n it_o be_v grant_v that_o in_o some_o thing_n which_o custom_n and_o use_n have_v make_v good_a the_o member_n of_o that_o assembly_n have_v power_n of_o judicature_n for_o although_o that_o house_n as_o now_o it_o be_v form_v and_o settle_v have_v not_o be_v so_o ancient_a as_o to_o make_v a_o prescription_n yet_o the_o prelate_n the_o peer_n and_o the_o judge_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v frequent_o call_v together_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o consult_v with_o concern_v make_v of_o law_n and_o other_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n the_o lord_n depend_v therein_o on_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o judge_n have_v so_o auntient_o as_o the_o beginning_n thereof_o can_v be_v make_v appear_v by_o licerse_n of_o the_o king_n upon_o writ_n of_o error_n reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n but_o as_o the_o lord_n have_v this_o authority_n by_o prescription_n so_o they_o be_v exclude_v from_o all_o other_o power_n of_o judicature_n but_o that_o which_o custom_n and_o use_n do_v warrant_n for_o prescription_n be_v all_o the_o commission_n they_o have_v neither_o grant_v from_o the_o king_n nor_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o have_v for_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n now_o to_o give_v power_n to_o the_o lord_n house_n or_o to_o the_o commons_o house_n to_o enlarge_v their_o commission_n or_o jurisdiction_n the_o same_o inconvenience_n will_v thereupon_o ensue_v as_o by_o suffer_v other_o court_n to_o do_v the_o like_a if_o the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n shall_v at_o this_o day_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o give_v a_o oath_n and_o this_o legal_o entitle_v they_o to_o it_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o may_v as_o now_o the_o present_a member_n of_o that_o assembly_n in_o effect_n do_v without_o king_n or_o lord_n assume_v the_o whole_a government_n and_o for_o the_o two_o house_n joint_o they_o be_v not_o a_o court_n of_o judicature_n they_o have_v therein_o no_o commission_n at_o all_o neither_o from_o the_o king_n nor_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n nor_o by_o prescription_n and_o for_o the_o parliament_n that_o be_v the_o king_n