appear_v that_o he_o do_v it_o witting_o stanhop_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o blithe_n for_o these_o word_n 25._o mr._n stanhop_n have_v but_o one_o manor_n and_o that_o he_o have_v get_v by_o swear_v and_o forswear_v resolve_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o this_o reason_n among_o other_o for_o that_o he_o may_v recover_v or_o obtain_v a_o manor_n by_o swear_v and_o forsware_v and_o yet_o he_o not_o procure_v or_o assent_v to_o it_o and_o now_o i_o be_o come_v to_o the_o second_o part_n or_o clause_n of_o that_o general_a rule_n lay_v down_o before_o where_o i_o be_o to_o show_v you_o that_o scandalous_a word_n which_o touch_n or_o concern_v a_o man_n in_o his_o liberty_n will_v bear_v a_o action_n by_o the_o book_n in_o the_o margin_n the_o law_n be_v plain_a a._n that_o if_o i_o publish_v and_o claim_v b._n to_o be_v my_o villain_fw-fr that_o in_o such_o case_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v because_o i_o myself_o claim_v a_o interest_n in_o he_o and_o the_o law_n 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hearle_n against_o tresham_n thou_o have_v take_v a_o false_a oath_n in_o the_o session_n of_o bench._n etc._n etc._n resolve_v the_o word_n be_v actionable_a for_o the_o court_n shall_v intend_v this_o to_o be_v a_o court_n of_o record_n as_o record_n of_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o take_v conusance_n 360._o adam_n against_o fleming_n he_o have_v forswear_v himself_o before_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o suit_n i_o have_v against_o he_o there_o for_o perjury_n adjudge_v actionable_a in_o lelicke_n and_o wrinskemores_n case_n mich._n 7._o of_o king_n james_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n case_n one_o cossiman_n case_n be_v cite_v which_o be_v thus_o thou_o be_v forswear_v in_o such_o a_o bishop_n court_n it_o be_v say_v that_o these_o word_n be_v adjudge_v actionable_a &_o so_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o court._n it_o be_v move_v by_o williams_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n for_o these_o word_n pleas._n thou_o be_v a_o forswear_a knave_n thou_o be_v 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or_o avoid_v his_o sentence_n and_o certain_o they_o do_v not_o for_o this_o differ_v much_o from_o a_o submission_n to_o a_o arbitration_n for_o in_o such_o case_n a_o man_n tie_v his_o interest_n and_o bind_v his_o person_n which_o every_o one_o be_v not_o of_o capacity_n to_o do_v but_o in_o this_o case_n what_o he_o do_v as_o a_o arbitrator_n be_v only_o to_o charge_n or_o discharge_v other_o and_o beside_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o party_n themselves_o and_o if_o they_o they_o be_v not_o competent_a judge_n the_o fault_n be_v they_o that_o choose_v they_o and_o now_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v you_o what_o arbitrator_n be_v and_o their_o power_n by_o which_o you_o will_v easy_o perceive_v of_o what_o high_a concernment_n it_o be_v to_o man_n to_o have_v a_o special_a care_n of_o the_o choice_n of_o arbitrator_n what_o arbitrator_n be_v and_o there_o power_n a_o arbitrator_n be_v as_o our_o book_n say_v a_o judge_n indifferent_o choose_v by_o the_o party_n 37._o to_o 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defendant_n plead_v that_o they_o submmit_v themselves_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o two_o person_n who_o do_v award_v that_o they_o shall_v stand_v to_o the_o award_n of_o w._n p._n which_o w._n p._n make_v a_o award_n which_o he_o have_v perform_v etc._n etc._n here_o it_o be_v tacit_o admit_v that_o the_o arbitrator_n may_v award_v that_o they_o shall_v stand_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o another_o but_o brook_n in_o abridge_n this_o case_n say_v the_o law_n seem_v contrary_a in_o 8._o e._n 4._o prototam_fw-la curiam_fw-la except_o yeluerton_n where_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o award_n etc._n etc._n who_o award_v that_o a_o action_n shall_v be_v commence_v betwixt_o the_o party_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o vv._n and_o p._n this_o be_v a_o good_a award_n for_o by_o this_o w_n &_o p._n be_v not_o arbitrator_n 10._o but_o only_a executor_n of_o the_o arbitrement_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o arbitrator_n judge_v the_o title_n to_o be_v try_v betwixt_o they_o but_o know_v not_o what_o action_n shall_v be_v bring_v but_o if_o they_o have_v award_v that_o the_o party_n shall_v stand_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o w_n and_o p._n this_o have_v be_v void_a because_o that_o they_o can_v assign_v over_o their_o power_n yeluerton_n hold_v in_o the_o first_o case_n that_o the_o award_n be_v void_a for_o the_o incertainty_n because_o that_o w._n and_o p._n be_v to_o give_v their_o advice_n which_o be_v not_o certain_a until_o it_o be_v notify_v and_o in_o this_o case_n he_o have_v make_v they_o judge_n i_o confess_v that_o i_o do_v somewhat_o doubt_v of_o the_o case_n because_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o arbitrator_n ought_v to_o be_v final_a and_o this_o be_v no_o conclude_v of_o the_o matter_n in_o controversy_n but_o a_o transâ—erting_n of_o their_o power_n over_o to_o the_o law_n to_o determine_v it_o beside_o w._n and_o p._n may_v never_o give_v their_o advice_n or_o may_v refuse_v to_o do_v it_o and_o in_o such_o case_n the_o arbitrement_n will_v prove_v idle_a and_o i_o do_v not_o conceive_v this_o case_n to_o be_v like_o the_o case_n in_o 19_o e._n 4._o where_o the_o arbitrator_n award_v a_o certain_a sum_n â—_o and_o in_o surety_n of_o payment_n thereof_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o counsel_n for_o here_o their_o judgement_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o controversy_n be_v certain_a and_o final_a and_o here_o be_v a_o some_o certain_a award_v for_o which_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v only_o the_o security_n be_v to_o be_v advise_v by_o counsel_n which_o be_v no_o assignment_n of_o their_o power_n but_o of_o this_o more_o hereafter_o emery_n and_o emery_n case_v the_o chief_a point_n whereof_o be_v thus_o pleas._n the_o arbitrator_n award_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v make_v such_o a_o release_n as_o one_o of_o the_o arbitrator_n shall_v like_v of_o in_o this_o case_n the_o arbitrement_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v void_a because_o this_o be_v a_o appoint_v of_o a_o authority_n commit_v to_o they_o all_o unto_o 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and_o can_v be_v countermand_v and_o so_o be_v all_o our_o book_n but_o 5._o e_o 4._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o i_o n_o he_o can_v discharge_v the_o arbitrator_n contrary_a if_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o stand_v to_o his_o arbitrement_n yet_o brook_n upon_o this_o case_n say_v that_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o he_o may_v discharge_v the_o arbitrator_n in_o both_o case_n but_o in_o the_o one_o case_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o bond_n in_o the_o other_o he_o shall_v loose_v nothing_o because_o that_o ex_fw-la nuda_fw-la submissione_n non_fw-la oritur_fw-la actio_fw-la so_o likewise_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o vinyors_n case_n which_o i_o shall_v put_v you_o present_o in_o 28._o h_o 6._o by_o ashton_n justice_n if_o there_o be_v two_o plaintiff_n and_o one_o
but_o i_o can_v thus_o balk_v that_o observation_n of_o that_o learned_a chief_a justice_n whoâ—ses_v that_o in_o our_o old_a book_n action_n for_o scandal_n be_v very_o rare_a and_o such_o as_o be_v bring_v be_v for_o word_n of_o eminent_a slander_n and_o of_o great_a importance_n this_o must_v needs_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v a_o most_o exact_a and_o true_a observation_n for_o in_o search_v of_o the_o book_n i_o can_v find_v that_o any_o action_n for_o scandalous_a word_n be_v bring_v before_o e._n 3._o time_n and_o so_o rare_a then_o that_o i_o find_v but_o one_o in_o 50._o year_n of_o e._n 3._o and_o that_o be_v sir_n thomas_n seton_n case_n of_o justice_n 19_o for_o call_v of_o he_o traitor_n felon_n and_o robber_n no_o frivolous_a cause_n of_o action_n and_o i_o find_v but_o three_o action_n for_o word_n bring_v in_o 22._o year_n of_o e._n 4._o and_o those_o for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o word_n 3._o for_o publish_v one_o to_o be_v the_o pilleine_fw-fr of_o i._n s._n a_o 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not_o abate_v in_o king_n jamses_n his_o time_n for_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o two_o and_o twenty_o adjudge_v case_n upon_o these_o action_n in_o my_o lord_n hobart_n book_n and_o i_o be_o certain_a they_o be_v not_o fall_v in_o his_o majesty_n reign_n that_o now_o be_v for_o i_o myself_o have_v report_v no_o less_o than_o three_o and_o twenty_o judgement_n upon_o these_o action_n but_o from_o easter_n term_n in_o the_o sixteen_o year_n of_o the_o king_n to_o trinity_n term_n in_o the_o eighteen_o well_o therefore_o may_v wray_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o malice_n of_o man_n do_v more_o increase_n in_o these_o time_n then_o in_o time_n past_a and_o as_o he_o say_v the_o malice_n of_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v with_o stand_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v which_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o too_o frequent_a tollerate_n of_o action_n of_o this_o nature_n will_v not_o effect_v 2._o no_o more_o than_o fire_n can_v be_v extinguish_v by_o add_v fuel_n unto_o it_o you_o have_v hear_v my_o advice_n and_o direction_n before_o therefore_o i_o will_v here_o close_v this_o with_o one_o word_n though_o the_o tongue_n of_o man_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n i_o know_v no_o reason_n wherefore_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v use_v as_o bellows_n to_o bow_v the_o coal_n it_o be_v the_o say_n of_o the_o prophet_n david_n i_o will_v take_v heed_n to_o my_o way_n that_o i_o offend_v not_o with_o my_o tongue_n i_o will_v keep_v my_o mouth_n as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o bridle_n it_o be_v happy_a for_o all_o man_n if_o they_o can_v make_v the_o like_a resolution_n and_o keep_v it_o but_o see_v that_o we_o be_v but_o man_n while_o we_o carry_v this_o lump_n of_o flesh_n and_o mass_n of_o corruption_n about_o we_o we_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o like_a passion_n and_o affection_n that_o oâ—â—erâ—_n have_v be_v before_o we_o and_o the_o flesh_n will_v rebel_v against_o the_o spirit_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v provide_v this_o treatise_n upon_o action_n of_o slander_n as_o a_o bridle_n for_o all_o rash_a and_o inconsiderate_a â—ongues_n that_o see_v the_o mischief_n they_o may_v the_o better_a know_v how_o to_o avoid_v it_o and_o here_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o this_o as_o a_o general_a rule_n which_o i_o shall_v by_o the_o way_n as_o i_o go_v make_v good_a in_o every_o particular_a that_o all_o scandalous_a word_n which_o touch_n or_o concern_v a_o man_n in_o his_o life_n liberty_n or_o member_n or_o any_o corporal_a punishment_n or_o which_o scandal_n a_o man_n in_o his_o office_n or_o place_n of_o trust_n or_o in_o his_o call_v or_o function_n by_o which_o he_o gain_v his_o live_n or_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o slander_v of_o his_o title_n or_o his_o disinheritance_n or_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o advance_n i_o it_o or_o preferment_n or_o any_o other_o particular_a damage_n or_o last_o which_o charge_v a_o man_n to_o have_v any_o dangerous_a infectious_a disease_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o he_o ought_v to_o separate_v himself_o or_o to_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o law_n from_o the_o society_n of_o man_n all_o such_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o first_o for_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o rule_n viz._n scandalous_a word_n which_o touch_n or_o concern_v a_o man_n in_o his_o life_n such_o word_n be_v actionable_a if_o a_o man_n call_v another_o traitor_n 22._o felon_n thief_n or_o murderer_n a_o action_n lie_v for_o these_o word_n because_o they_o call_v a_o man_n life_n in_o question_n 16._o so_o it_o be_v all_o one_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o kill_v or_o murder_v i._o s._n 196._o or_o that_o he_o steal_v his_o goodâ—_n or_o that_o he_o poison_v he_o if_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v witting_o do_v or_o the_o like_a these_o word_n likewise_o be_v actionable_a as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n in_o the_o margin_n so_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v of_o another_o he_o have_v burn_v my_o bâ—â—ne_n with_o corn_n 20._o which_o be_v felony_n this_o likewise_o will_v bear_v a_o action_n i_o have_v a_o report_n of_o a_o case_n which_o be_v thus_o a_o servant_n of_o one_o mr._n roger_n brook_n say_v of_o one_o mis._n margaret_n passey_n that_o she_o send_v a_o letter_n to_o his_o master_n and_o in_o the_o say_a letter_n will_v his_o master_n to_o poison_v his_o wife_n bridget_n brooke_n and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v say_v that_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v in_o the_o cnequer_n chamber_n it_o be_v resolve_v b._n the_o word_n be_v actionnable_a and_o the_o judgement_n affirm_v which_o case_n i_o confess_v i_o much_o doubt_n because_o here_o be_v but_o bare_a advice_n and_o nothing_o appear_v to_o be_v do_v like_o eaton_n case_n in_o cook_n 4_o book_n where_o the_o defendant_n say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o he_o give_v his_o champion_n council_n to_o make_v a_o dâ—ed_v of_o gift_n of_o his_o good_n to_o kill_v he_o etc._n etc._n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o the_o purpose_n or_o intent_n of_o a_o man_n without_o act_n be_v not_o punishable_a by_o the_o law_n and_o i_o conceive_v it_o will_v not_o be_v like_o the_o case_n bench._n put_v by_o tanfiâ—ld_n iust._n in_o harris_n and_o hixons_n case_n where_o he_o say_v that_o to_o say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o lie_v in_o wait_n to_o rob_v or_o to_o murder_v i._o s._n will_v bear_v a_o action_n because_o that_o he_o accuse_v he_o of_o a_o act_n viz._n the_o preparation_n and_o lie_v in_o wait_n which_o be_v punishable_a by_o the_o law_n but_o in_o the_o former_a case_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o bare_a advice_n 8._o which_o be_v not_o punishable_a by_o the_o law_n holy_a
to_o poison_v or_o to_o murder_v i._o s._n that_o these_o shall_v be_v actionable_a for_o i_o think_v the_o like_a punishment_n be_v in_o these_o case_n as_o in_o the_o former_a which_o i_o conceive_v be_v only_o the_o good_a behaviour_n or_o at_o most_o indictable_a for_o it_o and_o thereupon_o fine_v and_o if_o a_o action_n shall_v lie_v in_o such_o case_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o be_v a_o common_a quarrel_n breaker_n or_o perturber_n of_o the_o peace_n or_o that_o he_o be_v a_o rioter_n or_o the_o like_a will_v bear_v a_o action_n because_o that_o for_o these_o likewise_o the_o good_a behaviour_n be_v grantable_a and_o likewise_o a_o man_n may_v be_v indict_v for_o they_o therefore_o quaere_fw-la of_o the_o former_a case_n seven_o word_n which_o be_v apparent_o impossible_a will_v not_o be_v actionable_a benson_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o morley_n for_o these_o word_n bench._n thou_o have_v robe_a the_o church_n innuendo_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la sic_fw-la alhagi_n extra_fw-la creplegate_n london_n and_o have_v steal_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o church_n upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o the_o church_n shall_v be_v intend_v the_o universal_a church_n and_o not_o any_o material_a church_n and_o the_o church_n militant_a can_v be_v rob_v and_o so_o the_o word_n be_v impossible_a but_o by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n and_o tanfield_n justice_n the_o action_n will_v well_o lie_v and_o so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v because_o the_o word_n in_o this_o case_n can_v be_v intend_v of_o a_o invisible_a church_n as_o be_v object_v but_o of_o a_o material_a church_n as_o be_v explain_v by_o the_o subsequent_a word_n and_o have_v steal_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o church_n which_o can_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o invisible_a church_n in_o this_o case_n reader_n you_o may_v observe_v that_o 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britteridge_n be_v a_o perjure_a old_a knave_n and_o that_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o a_o stake_n part_v the_o land_n of_o h._n martin_n and_o m._n wright_n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o stake_n can_v prove_v he_o perjure_v last_o where_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n can_v be_v no_o damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n there_o likewise_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v the_o plaintiff_n show_v in_o his_o count_n a_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v a_o wife_n yet_o in_o life_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n thou_o have_v kill_v my_o wife_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n declaration_n that_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o defendant_n be_v in_o life_n so_o that_o by_o these_o word_n the_o plaintiff_n can_v not_o be_v in_o any_o jeopardy_n nor_o scandal_v or_o damnify_v by_o they_o the_o like_a case_n be_v put_v in_o 〈◊〉_d thomas_n hâ—lt_n and_o tailor_n case_n pasch._n bench._n 5._o of_o king_n james_n if_o one_o say_v of_o a_o woman_n that_o she_o have_v murder_v her_o husband_n and_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n bring_v the_o action_n it_o will_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n that_o the_o slander_n be_v not_o prejuditiall_a and_o as_o when_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n that_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n can_v be_v no_o damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v so_o where_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n may_v be_v a_o damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n yet_o if_o the_o ground_n of_o tâ—at_a damnification_n do_v not_o sufficient_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v a_o brâ—ught_v a_o action_n against_o b._n for_o say_v that_o he_o keep_v false_a wait_v by_o which_o he_o do_v cousin_n a._n etc._n etc._n and_o declare_v that_o he_o gain_v his_o live_n by_o buy_v and_o selâ—ing_v but_o do_v not_o show_v of_o what_o profession_n he_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o can_v appear_v without_o show_v of_o his_o profession_n that_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n can_v be_v any_o damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n a._n bring_v a_o action_n against_o b._n for_o these_o word_n pleas._n thou_o have_v kill_v my_o brother_n innuendo_fw-la g._n etc._n etc._n fratrem_fw-la etc._n etc._n nuper_fw-la mortuum_fw-la adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v dead_a at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v and_o if_o he_o be_v live_v than_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n can_v be_v no_o slander_n or_o damage_n to_o the_o plaintif_a so_o where_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o welsh_a word_n or_o the_o like_o which_o be_v scandelous_a 236._o and_o do_v not_o aver_v or_o set_v forth_o that_o they_o be_v speak_v to_o one_o who_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o they_o 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none_o but_o thief_n in_o his_o â—ouse_n and_o i_o will_v prove_v it_o upon_o a_o write_v of_o error_n in_o the_o chequer_n chamber_n it_o be_v hold_v the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o he_o may_v maintain_v thief_n without_o notice_n and_o therefore_o the_o first_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v like_o the_o case_n in_o my_o lord_n hobart_n book_n where_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o another_o for_o say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n keep_v man_n which_o do_v rob_v upon_o the_o highway_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n because_o that_o he_o may_v keep_v they_o and_o not_o know_v they_o to_o be_v such_o person_n in_o the_o case_n of_o reade_n and_o saul_n which_o be_v mich._n 40._o eâ—_n 41._o of_o the_o queen_n plea_n this_o case_n be_v remember_v by_o walmesley_n justice_n a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n in_o that_o court_n for_o these_o word_n he_o mean_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o receiver_n of_o thief_n and_o he_o say_v that_o in_o this_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v no_o judgement_n because_o that_o he_o may_v receive_v thief_n and_o yet_o not_o know_v they_o to_o be_v so_o a._n say_v of_o b._n that_o he_o keep_v false_a wait_v for_o which_o b._n bring_v his_o action_n pleas._n adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o he_o do_v use_v they_o and_o beside_o for_o that_o he_o may_v keep_v false_a wait_n and_o not_o know_v they_o to_o be_v so_o the_o case_n of_o miles_n and_o jacob_n cite_v before_o be_v likewise_o to_o this_o purpose_n 11._o where_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n thou_o have_v poison_a smith_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n because_o that_o it_o do_v not_o
that_o so_o the_o say_a word_n not_o examinable_a in_o the_o say_a court_n a_o action_n will_v lie_v because_o this_o can_v not_o be_v in_o course_n of_o justice_n for_o that_o the_o court_n have_v not_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n to_o do_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o justice_n nor_o to_o punish_v the_o say_a offence_n etc._n etc._n also_o by_o the_o law_n no_o murder_n or_o piracy_n can_v be_v punish_v upon_o any_o bill_n exhibit_v in_o english_a but_o the_o offender_n ought_v to_o be_v indict_v of_o it_o and_o upon_o this_o to_o have_v his_o trial_n so_o that_o he_o that_o prefer_v this_o bill_n have_v not_o only_o mistake_v the_o proper_a court_n but_o the_o manner_n and_o nature_n of_o prosecution_n so_o that_o it_o have_v not_o any_o appearance_n of_o a_o ordinary_a suit_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n but_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o appeal_v of_o murder_n returnable_a in_o the_o common_a bench_n for_o this_o no_o action_n lie_v for_o though_o the_o writ_n be_v not_o returnable_a before_o competent_a judge_n which_o may_v do_v justice_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o lawful_a suit_n namely_o by_o writ_n of_o appeal_n scarlet_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o style_n for_o these_o word_n 238_o thou_o do_v steal_v a_o sack_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sack_n of_o a_o man_n unknown_a steal_v and_o that_o the_o common_a fame_n be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v steal_v it_o whereupon_o the_o defendant_n do_v inform_v thomas_n kempe_n a_o justice_n of_o peace_n that_o he_o have_v steal_v it_o and_o in_o complain_v and_o inform_v the_o say_a justice_n thereof_o he_o do_v there_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o kempe_n and_o of_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v unto_o the_o plaintiff_n &_o of_o he_o thou_o do_v steal_v etc._n etc._n whereupon_o the_o plaintiff_n demur_v in_o law_n there_o be_v nothing_o speak_v to_o the_o case_n in_o the_o book_n but_o i_o conceive_v the_o law_n will_v be_v somewhat_o strong_a for_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o the_o demurrer_n be_v good_a and_o that_o the_o action_n notwithstanding_o the_o defendant_n justification_n will_v well_o lie_v for_o though_o common_a fame_n as_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o câ—udington_n and_o wilkins_n case_n be_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n to_o arrest_v for_o felony_n 105_o though_o the_o same_o be_v not_o true_a as_o also_o to_o charge_v a_o man_n with_o felony_n as_o it_o be_v agree_v in_o bland_n and_o mason_n case_n because_o these_o tend_v to_o the_o advancement_n of_o justice_n 381_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o warrant_v any_o man_n to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o felon_n or_o a_o thief_n or_o though_o common_a fame_n be_v such_o yet_o â—he_v party_n suspect_v may_v be_v innocent_a nor_o do_v it_o any_o way_n difference_n the_o case_n that_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v before_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n because_o though_o common_a fame_n may_v as_o i_o have_v say_v warrant_v he_o to_o charge_v he_o with_o felony_n before_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n yet_o it_o can_v warrant_v he_o to_o call_v he_o fellow_n a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o another_o for_o caâ—ling_v of_o he_o thief_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o there_o be_v a_o robbery_n do_v etc._n etc._n &_o communis_fw-la vox_fw-la &_o fama_fw-la patriae_fw-la be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v guilty_a of_o it_o and_o so_o justify_v but_o the_o justification_n be_v hold_v nought_o for_o common_a fame_n that_o a_o man_n be_v a_o thief_n will_v nor_o justify_v any_o man_n in_o the_o call_n of_o he_o so_o 105_o but_o there_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o it_o will_v defend_v a_o man_n in_o arrest_v and_o imprison_v another_o for_o it_o cuddington_n and_o wilkins_n case_n adjudge_v that_o to_o call_v a_o man_n a_o thief_n after_o a_o general_a or_o special_a pardon_n though_o the_o defendant_n know_v it_o not_o will_v bear_v a_o a_o action_n but_o there_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o to_o arrest_v a_o man_n for_o felony_n after_o pardon_n if_o he_o know_v it_o not_o may_v be_v justifiable_a because_o it_o be_v a_o legal_a course_n and_o a_o act_n of_o justice_n in_o justice_n crook_n case_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o court_n bench._n that_o though_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o man_n to_o prefer_v a_o bill_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n against_o a_o judge_n for_o corruption_n or_o any_o other_o for_o any_o grand_a misdemeanour_n because_o it_o be_v a_o proceed_n in_o a_o ordinary_a course_n of_o justice_n yet_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n will_v publish_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o bill_n in_o a_o tavern_n or_o other_o place_n open_o by_o this_o mean_n to_o scandal_n the_o defendant_n this_o be_v punishable_a in_o another_o court_n notwithstanding_o the_o bill_n pend_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n because_o this_o tend_v mere_o to_o scandal_n and_o not_o to_o a_o pursue_v of_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o justice_n and_o so_o jones_n justice_n say_v it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v owen_n wood_n and_o buckleys_n case_n cite_v before_o do_v in_o effect_n make_v good_a that_o which_o justice_n jones_n say_v the_o case_n be_v thus_o owen_n wood_n exhibit_v a_o bill_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n against_o sir_n richard_n buckley_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o very_o great_a misdemeanour_n afterward_o buckley_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o owen_n wood_n for_o publish_v that_o the_o say_a bill_n and_o matter_n in_o that_o contain_v be_v true_a and_o have_v judgement_n which_o be_v afterward_o reverse_v in_o the_o chequer_n chamber_n because_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n lay_v that_o the_o defendant_n publish_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v true_a without_o express_v the_o matter_n in_o particular_a contain_v in_o the_o bill_n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v intend_v to_o be_v found_v so_o that_o those_o which_o hear_v only_o the_o say_a word_n that_o his_o bill_n be_v true_a can_v without_o further_o say_v know_v the_o clause_n which_o be_v slanderous_a to_o the_o plaintiff_n so_o that_o it_o be_v in_o this_o case_n plain_o admit_v that_o if_o he_o have_v publish_v the_o particular_a matter_n contain_v in_o the_o bill_n and_o this_o have_v be_v show_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n there_o the_o action_n will_v have_v lie_v note_v reader_n i_o have_v insert_v this_o clause_n in_o the_o rule_n before_o lay_v down_o where_o the_o prosecution_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n be_v not_o out_o of_o malice_n and_o touch_v a_o man_n life_n for_o this_o reason_n because_o i_o do_v conceive_v that_o in_o case_n where_o a_o man_n be_v scandal_v in_o his_o reputation_n and_o his_o life_n in_o question_n by_o a_o malition_n prosecution_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n that_o in_o such_o case_n a_o action_n will_v lie_v case_n if_o two_o false_o and_o malicious_o conspire_v to_o indict_v another_o and_o after_o he_o that_o be_v so_o indict_v be_v acquit_v a_o writ_n of_o conspiracy_n lie_v so_o if_o one_o only_a false_o and_o malicious_o cause_v another_o to_o be_v indict_v who_o be_v thereupon_o acquit_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o conspiracy_n lie_v against_o he_o for_o it_o and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v often_o adjudge_v i_o shall_v only_o remember_v one_o case_n in_o point_n marsham_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o peascod_n 372._o and_o declare_v how_o that_o he_o be_v of_o good_a fame_n and_o report_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n intend_v to_o defame_v he_o falsâ—_n &_o malitiose_fw-la procure_v the_o plaintiff_n to_o be_v indict_v of_o felony_n &_o to_o be_v arrest_v and_o imprison_v quousque_fw-la fuit_fw-la acquietatus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o allege_v of_o the_o acquittal_n be_v insufficient_a for_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v say_v that_o he_o be_v legitimo_fw-la modo_fw-la acquiâ—tatus_fw-la the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o richardson_n say_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v if_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o he_o be_v lawful_o acquit_v and_o say_v that_o f._n n._n b._n have_v the_o like_a writ_n and_o there_o it_o be_v allege_v express_o that_o he_o be_v lawful_o acquit_v and_o so_o it_o ought_v here_o tanfield_n justice_n a_o conspiracy_n nor_o a_o action_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o conspiracy_n will_v not_o lie_v if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o legittimo_fw-la modo_fw-la acquietatus_fw-la but_o if_o one_o procure_v another_o to_o be_v indâ—cted_v arrest_v and_o imprison_v falso_fw-la &_o malitiose_fw-la nee_n shall_v have_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o the_o slander_n and_o vexation_n though_o that_o he_o be_v never_o acquit_v and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o like_a action_n upon_o the_o case_n have_v be_v adjudge_v to_o lie_v well_o though_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v never_o acquit_v and_o the_o justice_n rely_v much_o upon_o the_o word_n falso_fw-la &_o malitiose_fw-la and_o after_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n thus_o
give_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v reverse_v in_o this_o court_n note_v reader_n if_o there_o be_v no_o felon_n in_o that_o county_n which_o will_v rather_o be_v intend_v if_o it_o be_v not_o aver_v that_o there_o be_v some_o then_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n can_v be_v no_o slander_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n 309_o and_o so_o no_o action_n can_v lie_v blands_n case_n cite_v before_o he_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o a._n b._n for_o say_v that_o he_o be_v indict_v for_o felony_n at_o a_o session_n hold_v etc._n etc._n and_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v not_o indict_v and_o after_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n judgement_n be_v stay_v because_o there_o be_v no_o avetrement_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la note_v if_o he_o be_v indict_v which_o he_o do_v tacit_o admit_v than_o no_o cause_n of_o action_n johnson_n against_o dyer_n bench._n the_o defendant_n have_v communication_n with_o the_o father_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v to_o he_o i_o will_v take_v my_o oath_n that_o your_o son_n steal_v my_o hen_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v his_o son_n or_o that_o he_o have_v but_o one_o son_n and_o therefore_o adjuge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v in_o this_o case_n if_o he_o be_v not_o his_o son_n than_o no_o cause_n of_o action_n one_o clerk_n say_v that_o he_o have_v a_o son_n in_o nottinghamshire_n who_o have_v his_o chest_n pick_v bench._n and_o a_o hundred_o pound_n take_v out_o of_o it_o in_o one_o lock_n smith_n house_n and_o i_o thank_v god_n i_o have_v find_v the_o thief_n who_o it_o be_v it_o be_v one_o that_o dwell_v in_o the_o next_o house_n call_v robert_n kinston_n upon_o which_o kinston_n bring_v a_o action_n and_o have_v a_o verdict_n and_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n because_o that_o he_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o dwell_v in_o the_o next_o house_n crook_n one_o say_v that_o prichards_n man_n rob_v he_o who_o bring_v a_o action_n and_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v prichards_n man_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v and_o the_o justice_n in_o this_o case_n will_v not_o give_v judgement_n non_fw-la constat_fw-la in_o this_o case_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v the_o party_n of_o who_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v for_o there_o may_v be_v another_o of_o the_o same_o name_n dwell_v else_o where_o and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v to_o aver_v that_o he_o dwell_v in_o the_o next_o house_n that_o he_o may_v be_v certain_o intend_v to_o be_v the_o same_o person_n of_o who_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v where_o word_n shall_v not_o be_v actionable_a without_o a_o averrement_n of_o a_o special_a damage_n see_v foe_n 28._o i_o have_v clear_o prove_v the_o ground_n before_o lay_v down_o and_o by_o these_o case_n you_o may_v be_v sufficient_o instruct_v where_o a_o averrement_n will_v be_v necessary_a and_o where_o not_o and_o so_o i_o have_v quite_o finish_v this_o small_a treatise_n may_v the_o reader_n find_v as_o much_o profit_n and_o delight_n in_o the_o read_n of_o it_o as_o the_o anthor_n have_v in_o compose_v of_o it_o such_o be_v the_o ardent_a desire_n of_o your_o affectionate_a friend_n john_n march_n arbitrement_n the_o next_o thing_n reader_n that_o i_o have_v undertake_v to_o discourse_v of_o be_v arbitrement_n the_o learning_n whereof_o will_v be_v very_o useful_a to_o all_o man_n in_o regard_n that_o compromise_n or_o arbitrement_n be_v never_o more_o in_o use_n then_o now_o and_o most_o man_n either_o have_v be_v or_o may_v be_v arbitrator_n or_o at_o test_v have_v do_v or_o may_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o other_o and_o as_o long_o as_o difference_n and_o contention_n arise_v among_o man_n which_o will_v be_v to_o the_o world_n end_n certain_o the_o learning_n of_o arbitrement_n will_v well_o deserve_v our_o knowledge_n which_o be_v well_o observe_v and_o learn_v by_o all_o man_n will_v be_v a_o good_a mean_n to_o prevent_v many_o suit_n and_o contention_n in_o the_o law_n for_o the_o future_a which_o be_v now_o daily_o occasion_v through_o the_o defect_n of_o arbitrement_n which_o rather_o beget_v and_o raise_v new_a controversy_n among_o the_o party_n then_o determine_v the_o old_a the_o only_a cause_n whereof_o be_v the_o ignorance_n of_o man_n in_o this_o learning_n the_o composer_n hereof_o reader_n take_v this_o pain_n only_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o the_o common_a good_a that_o none_o may_v be_v ignorant_a of_o that_o which_o concern_v all_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v effect_v that_o for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v the_o instruct_n of_o the_o ignorant_a and_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a the_o author_n have_v his_o end_n and_o abundant_a recompense_n for_o his_o labour_n which_o that_o it_o may_v accomplish_v be_v the_o earnest_n and_o affectionate_a desire_n of_o the_o true_a servant_n to_o the_o public_a io_o march_n in_o my_o lord_n dyer_n it_o be_v say_v that_o to_o every_o award_n 6â—_n there_o be_v five_o thing_n incident_a 1._o matter_n of_o controversy_n 2._o submission_n 3._o party_n to_o the_o submission_n 4._o arbitrator_n 5._o render_v up_o of_o a_o arbitrement_n reader_n my_o purpose_n be_v god_n will_v to_o prosecute_v every_o one_o of_o these_o part_n or_o incident_n of_o a_o award_n though_v paradventure_n not_o in_o the_o order_n before_o set_v down_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v as_o exact_v a_o description_n or_o delineation_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v requisite_a to_o every_o award_n as_o possible_o can_v be_v make_v and_o indeed_o teach_v to_o all_o the_o case_n in_o the_o law_n which_o do_v principal_o or_o chief_o concern_v award_v or_o arbitrement_n first_o then_o there_o must_v be_v a_o matter_n of_o debate_n question_n and_o controversy_n second_o this_o matter_n of_o debate_n question_n and_o controversy_n must_v be_v submit_v three_o there_o must_v be_v party_n to_o the_o submission_n four_o there_o must_v be_v arbitrator_n to_o wâ—om_o the_o matter_n in_o controversy_n must_v be_v submit_v and_o last_o the_o arbitrator_n must_v make_v a_o award_n or_o a_o arbitrement_n upon_o these_o several_a branch_n i_o shall_v raise_v several_a question_n and_o debate_n and_o clear_v they_o as_o i_o go_v and_o first_o who_o may_v submit_v to_o a_o arbitrement_n and_o who_o not_o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v regular_o true_a that_o no_o person_n which_o be_v not_o of_o ability_n in_o judgement_n of_o law_n to_o make_v a_o grant_n &c_n &c_n can_v submit_v himelfe_n to_o a_o arbitrement_n as_o man_n attaint_v of_o treason_n felony_n or_o a_o praemunire_n idiot_n mad_a man_n a_o man_n deaf_a dumb_a and_o blind_a from_o his_o nativity_n a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n a_o infant_n a_o man_n by_o duressâ—e_n for_o a_o submission_n to_o a_o arbitrement_n must_v be_v spontanea_fw-la voluntate_fw-la person_n ontlaw_v for_o they_o have_v no_o good_n a_o dean_n without_o the_o chapter_n a_o major_a without_o the_o commonalty_n the_o master_n of_o a_o college_n or_o hospital_n without_o his_o fellow_n or_o the_o like_a all_o these_o as_o they_o be_v incapble_a to_o grant_v so_o i_o conceive_v that_o they_o be_v not_o of_o capability_n to_o submit_v to_o a_o arbitrement_n but_o that_o the_o submission_n will_v be_v absolute_o void_a in_o these_o case_n the_o reason_n of_o these_o case_n may_v be_v because_o that_o they_o have_v not_o power_n of_o themselves_o to_o dispose_v of_o their_o interest_n or_o property_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v transfer_v such_o power_n over_o to_o another_o for_o the_o rule_n be_v quod_fw-la â—er_n i_o non_fw-la possum_fw-la necper_fw-la alinn_n and_o hill_n 15._o of_o this_o king_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n 14._o betwixt_o rudsten_n and_o yates_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o submission_n of_o a_o infant_n to_o a_o arbitrement_n be_v absolute_o void_a but_o now_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o conceive_v that_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v not_o fetter_v with_o these_o natural_a or_o legal_a disability_n but_o be_v of_o capacity_n to_o make_v a_o grant_n that_o such_o person_n may_v submit_v themselves_o to_o a_o arbitreman_n as_o person_n not_o attaint_v compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la deaf_a dumb_a or_o blind_a feme_v sole_a man_n of_o full_a age_n and_o the_o like_a the_o submission_n of_o such_o person_n to_o a_o arbitrement_n be_v good_a but_o enough_o of_o this_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o shall_v consider_v what_o thing_n may_v be_v submit_v to_o a_o arbitrement_n and_o what_o not_o that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o thing_n be_v in_o law_n arbitrable_a and_o what_o not_o thing_n and_o action_n which_o be_v mere_o personal_a and_o incertain_a 2._o as_o trespass_n a_o ward_n take_v away_o and_o the_o like_a be_v arbitrable_a but_o thing_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o certain_a be_v not_o arbitrable_a except_o the_o submission_n be_v
bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o sydnam_n for_o these_o word_n hâ—_n be_v infect_v of_o the_o robery_n and_o murder_n lately-committed_n and_o smell_n of_o the_o murder_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o word_n infect_v one_o say_v of_o another_o thou_o do_v kill_v a_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n bench._n innuendo_fw-la jocosam_fw-la vxocem_fw-la cuiusdam_fw-la r._n s._n defunct_a and_o rule_v by_o the_o court_n that_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v though_o that_o the_o woman_n be_v utter_o incertain_a because_o that_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o party_n intend_v to_o commit_v it_o be_v certain_a and_o it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o case_n where_o one_o say_v that_o there_o be_v one_o in_o this_o company_n who_o have_v commit_v a_o murder_n there_o it_o be_v incertain_a of_o who_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v and_o can_v possible_o be_v aid_v by_o a_o innuendo_fw-la but_o here_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a without_o a_o innuendo_fw-la but_o quaere_fw-la whether_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v or_o no_o because_o there_o be_v no_o express_a averrement_n that_o the_o woman_n be_v dead_a for_o the_o innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o be_v suffitient_a 107._o hassellwood_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o garrâ—t_n for_o these_o word_n among_o other_o agree_v not_o to_o be_v actionable_a whosoever_o be_v he_o that_o be_v false_a thief_n and_o strong_a in_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n whatsoever_o he_o have_v steal_v or_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v do_v averment_n thomas_n hasselwood_n be_v false_a than_o he_o resolve_v that_o these_o word_n be_v actionable_a with_o a_o averrement_n that_o there_o be_v felon_n within_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n but_o for_o defanâ—t_v of_o such_o averrement_n the_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v reveâ—ed_v in_o this_o court_n bench._n stoner_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o word_n against_o gambell_n and_o declare_v that_o the_o deâ—endant_fw-fr dixit_fw-la deprefato_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n thau_fw-fr innuendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n have_v steal_v my_o good_n and_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v the_o jury_n find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o count_n be_v nought_o for_o the_o word_n be_v in_o the_o second_o person_n actionable_a and_o it_o be_v not_o all_o adge_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v present_a at_o the_o speak_n of_o they_o et_fw-la tota_n curia_fw-la contra_fw-la for_o dixit_fw-la deprefato_fw-la be_v as_o much_o as_o dixit_fw-la ad_fw-la prefatum_fw-la for_o can_v he_o say_v thou_o have_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n except_o that_o it_o be_v speak_v to_o he_o and_o rule_n be_v give_v for_o judgement_n b_o one_o â—â—â—mans_v say_v of_o hext_n i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o within_o two_o day_n to_o arrest_v hextâ—or_a â—or_z suspicion_n of_o felony_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a because_o that_o for_o suspicion_n of_o felony_n he_o shall_v be_v imprison_v and_o his_o life_n draw_v in_o question_n hill_n 20._o jac._n in_o the_o king_n bench_n winch_n come_v to_o the_o bar_n and_o show_v a_o libel_n against_o another_o in_o court_n christian_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o witch_n and_o deal_v with_o witchery_n and_o do_v procure_v mother_n bale_n to_o witch_n the_o cattle_n of_o i._n s._n and_o upon_o this_o pray_v a_o prohibition_n because_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v remedy_n at_o law_n and_o by_o fenner_n and_o gawdy_n justice_n the_o other_o absent_a and_o prohibition_n lie_v because_o she_o have_v remedy_n at_o law_n so_o that_o their_o opinion_n be_v that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o call_v of_o one_o witch_n and_o in_o one_o edwards_n his_o case_n hill_n 40_o jac_n bench_n it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v three_o 〈◊〉_d adjudge_v that_o to_o call_v one_o witch_n will_v bear_v a_o action_n and_o also_o that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o call_v â—_o one_o hagge_n but_o i_o doubt_v of_o the_o latter_a because_o i_o take_v hag_n to_o be_v a_o doubtful_a word_n but_o why_o witch_n shall_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n i_o know_v no_o reason_n 155._o be_v tâ—e_v life_n may_v be_v thereby_o draw_v in_o question_n though_o i_o know_v it_o have_v be_v doubt_v martial_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o steward_n for_o say_v the_o devil_n appear_v to_o thou_o every_o night_n in_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o black_a man_n ride_v upon_o a_o black_a horse_n and_o thou_o conferre_v with_o he_o and_o whatsoever_o thou_o do_v ask_v he_o give_v it_o thou_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n thou_o have_v so_o much_o money_n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v actionable_a note_v reader_n that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 10_o of_o king_n james_n cap._n 12._o conjuration_n or_o consultation_n with_o the_o devil_n be_v felony_n in_o the_o case_n of_o hawes_n mich._n 17._o of_o the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v 17_o this_o case_n be_v put_v and_o agree_v by_o the_o judge_n bench._n one_o say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o 〈◊〉_d priest_n adjudge_v actionable_a because_o it_o be_v felony_n he_o may_v receive_v a_o romish_a priest_n and_o yet_o not_o know_v he_o to_o be_v so_o like_o the_o case_n i_o have_v put_v you_o afterward_o therefore_o quere_z sir_n john_n sydenham_n against_o timothy_n man_n clark_n i_o think_v in_o my_o conscience_n that_o if_o sir_n john_n sydenham_n may_v have_v his_o will_n 15â—_n he_o will_v kill_v all_o the_o subject_n in_o england_n and_o the_o king_n too_o and_o he_o be_v a_o maintainer_n of_o papistry_n and_o rebellious_a person_n these_o word_n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n be_v adjudge_v actionable_a it_o seem_v somewhat_o hard_o to_o i_o reader_n that_o word_n of_o thought_n or_o opinion_n only_o shall_v bear_v a_o action_n as_o here_o in_o the_o former_a word_n b._n and_o for_o the_o latter_a word_n that_o he_o be_v a_o maintainer_n of_o rebellious_a person_n they_o be_v adjective_n only_o b._n and_o do_v not_o import_v any_o act_n of_o rebellion_n in_o those_o person_n but_o only_o a_o inclination_n to_o it_o but_o of_o this_o more_o hereafter_o if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o do_v like_a or_o approve_v of_o those_o that_o maintain_v sedition_n against_o the_o king_n 13_o i_o conceive_v that_o these_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o sedition_n be_v a_o violent_a and_o public_a thing_n of_o which_o he_o can_v but_o have_v notice_n this_o rule_n be_v agree_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o debate_n of_o a_o case_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n bench._n that_o many_o word_n though_o of_o themselves_o they_o be_v not_o actionable_a yet_o be_v equivolent_a to_o word_n that_o be_v actionable_a will_v bear_v on_o action_n and_o it_o be_v say_v by_o jones_n justice_n that_o in_o yorkshire_n strain_v of_o a_o mare_n be_v all_o one_o with_o bugger_v of_o a_o mare_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v that_o a_o action_n will_v sie_v for_o these_o word_n with_o a_o averrement_n that_o they_o tantamount_n to_o bugger_v of_o a_o mare_n note_v by_o his_o opinion_n in_o such_o case_n there_o must_v be_v a_o averrement_n of_o the_o mâ—â—â—ning_n or_o importance_n of_o the_o word_n averrement_n yet_o my_o lord_n hobart_n have_v several_a case_n adjudge_v where_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o welsh_a word_n case_n and_o do_v not_o aver_v what_o the_o word_n do_v import_v in_o english_a and_o yet_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o court_n take_v information_n upon_o oath_n by_o welshman_n what_o the_o word_n mean_v in_o english_a averrement_n and_o in_o one_o of_o the_o case_n sergeant_n john_n moor_n then_o inform_v tâ—â—_n court_v that_o judgement_n have_v be_v give_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o case_n of_o tuâ—h_n upon_o these_o word_n bench._n thou_o be_v a_o healer_n of_o felon_n without_o any_o averâ—ement_n how_o the_o word_n be_v take_v because_o the_o court_n be_v inform_v and_o take_v knowledge_n that_o in_o some_o county_n it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o smotherer_n of_o felon_n the_o caâ—_n intend_v by_o sergeant_n moor_n be_v i_o conceive_v the_o case_n of_o pridham_n and_o tucker_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n bench._n where_o the_o word_n be_v adjudge_v actionable_a without_o a_o averrement_n and_o in_o this_o case_n â—t_z be_v agree_v that_o word_n may_v be_v slanderon_n in_o one_o county_n and_o not_o in_o another_o for_o in_o norfolk_n they_o know_v not_o what_o healer_n signify_v another_o but_o this_o be_v in_o deâ—â—nshire_n where_o this_o word_n be_v use_v for_o concealer_n of_o thief_n will_v be_v actionable_a and_o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v general_o true_a that_o in_o all_o case_n where_o a_o man_n life_n may_v beâ—_n draw_v in_o question_n by_o scandalous_a word_n that_o such_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o now_o i_o shall_v cite_v a_o case_n or_o two_o where_o
that_o he_o have_v commit_v felony_n and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v often_o adjudge_v i_o will_v only_o cite_v one_o case_n in_o the_o point_n hasselwood_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o garret_n for_o these_o word_n 107._o i_o can_v find_v in_o this_o parish_n a_o false_a knave_n than_o briscoe_n be_v the_o which_o briscoe_n be_v indict_v of_o felony_n &_o burglary_n and_o be_v go_v to_o stafford_n goal_n and_o that_o false_a knâ—ve_n be_v thomas_n hasselwood_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o these_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o briscoe_n may_v be_v indict_v and_o yet_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n thou_o have_v layeâ—_n in_o fuller_n tub_n case_n in_o which_o none_o come_v but_o those_o that_o have_v the_o pox_n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v nor_o actionable_a because_o this_o be_v no_o direct_a affirmation_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v the_o pox._n poland_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o mason_n 381._o for_o say_v i_o charge_v he_o mean_v the_o plaintiff_n with_o felony_n etc._n etc._n adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o he_o do_v not_o affirm_v that_o he_o be_v a_o felon_n but_o do_v only_o say_v that_o he_o do_v charge_v he_o with_o felony_n which_o he_o may_v do_v in_o some_o case_n though_o he_o do_v not_o the_o fact_n as_o if_o a_o felony_n be_v do_v and_o the_o common_a fame_n be_v that_o he_o do_v it_o any_o one_o that_o suspect_v he_o may_v charge_v he_o with_o it_o henâ—y_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o fitâ—h_n for_o these_o word_n 286._o i_o arrest_v you_o for_o felony_n agree_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_v for_o this_o be_v no_o positive_a charge_n that_o he_o be_v a_o felon_n and_o this_o may_v be_v lawful_o do_v upon_o a_o common_a fame_n as_o be_v say_v before_o thus_o you_o see_v that_o word_n that_o be_v not_o direct_o affirmative_a will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n yet_o you_o may_v see_v before_o fol._n 7._o where_o word_n which_o imply_v a_o affirmative_a only_o shall_v be_v actionable_a as_o to_o say_v that_o i_o will_v prove_v that_o you_o steal_v my_o book_n or_o the_o like_a but_o of_o this_o sufficient_a second_o â—_o word_n that_o be_v of_o a_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n the_o law_n will_v take_v in_o the_o best_a sense_n for_o the_o speaker_n and_o sâ—_n adjudge_v they_o actionable_a for_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o verba_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la yeoman_n and_o hext_n case_v cite_v before_o b._n for_o my_o land_n in_o allerton_n hext_n seek_v my_o life_n etc._n etc._n adjudge_v these_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o he_o may_v seek_v his_o life_n lawful_o upon_o just_a cause_n and_o his_o land_n may_v be_v hold_v of_o he_o and_o so_o in_o mitiori_fw-la sâ—nsu_fw-la barham_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o nethersall_n â—_o and_o the_o word_n be_v master_n bâ—rham_n do_v burn_v my_o barn_n innuendo_fw-la a_o barue_v with_o corn_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o none_o but_o he_o and_o after_o verdict_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n to_o burn_v a_o barn_n if_o it_o be_v not_o parcel_n of_o a_o mansion_n house_n nor_o full_a of_o corn_n and_o in_o such_o case_n agitur_fw-la civiliter_fw-la and_o not_o criminaliter_fw-la and_o word_n must_v be_v take_v in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la and_o the_o innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o serve_v when_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v not_o slanderous_a jeam_n his_o case_n 17._o hang_v he_o he_o be_v full_a of_o the_o pox_n i_o marvel_v that_o you_o will_v eat_v or_o drink_v with_o he_o etc._n etc._n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n werâ—_n noâ—_n actionable_a because_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la for_o the_o small_a pox_n and_o not_o the_o french_a pox._n but_o noâ—e_v that_o in_o hawtry_n and_o miles_n case_n cite_v afterward_o it_o be_v say_v by_o fenner_n just_o bench._n that_o to_o say_v that_o a_o man_n be_v lay_v of_o the_o pox_n will_v bear_v a_o action_n because_o that_o be_v the_o phrase_n for_o the_o french_a pox._n adrian_n coote_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o adrian_n gilbert_n for_o these_o word_n 97._o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v a_o tree_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a and_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o and_o thou_o have_v steal_v and_o for_o thou_o have_v steal_v for_o in_o common_a acceptation_n and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v but_o a_o verify_n and_o make_v good_a of_o the_o general_a word_n thief_n and_o then_o a_o tree_n shall_v be_v understand_v rather_o of_o a_o tree_n stand_v then_o fell_v which_o can_v be_v no_o felony_n or_o theft_n for_o that_o a_o man_n can_v steal_v a_o man_n inheritance_n so_o clarke_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o gilbert_n for_o these_o word_n 406._o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v twenty_o load_n of_o my_o furz_n adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o the_o reason_n give_v in_o the_o former_a case_n the_o like_a law_n be_v â—_o if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o have_v steal_v his_o apple_n or_o his_o corn_n or_o rob_v his_o hoppe_n ground_n or_o the_o like_a the_o law_n in_o these_o case_n will_v adjudge_v they_o rather_o grow_v then_o gather_v or_o cut_v down_o and_o so_o the_o word_n not_o actionable_a thus_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o where_o the_o word_n may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a or_o a_o indifferent_a meaning_n that_o the_o law_n will_v ever_o take_v they_o best_o for_o the_o speaker_n i_o shall_v only_o put_v one_o case_n more_o upon_o this_o ground_n and_o so_o pass_v it_o over_o pawlin_fw-ge bring_v a_fw-mi action_n against_o ford_n for_o these_o word_n bâ—nch_n thou_o be_v a_o thievish_a rogue_n and_o have_v steal_v my_o wood._n it_o be_v in_o this_o case_n say_v at_o bar_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o shall_v be_v construe_v rather_o to_o be_v wood_n stand_v then_o cut_v down_o like_o those_o case_n put_v before_o but_o bramston_n chief_a justice_n seem_v to_o incline_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a because_o that_o wood_n can_v be_v otherwise_o intend_v then_o of_o wood_n cut_v down_o according_a to_o the_o old_a verse_n arbour_n duâ—_n crescit_fw-la lignum_fw-la dum_fw-la crescere_fw-la nescu_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v adjourn_v without_o more_o say_n note_v reader_n 1366._o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o bramston_n chief_a justice_n betwixt_o litchfield_n and_o saunders_n for_o the_o same_o word_n he_o have_v steal_v my_o wood_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n demur_v it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o tanfield_n justice_n say_v that_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v intend_v according_a to_o the_o most_o usual_a sense_n intent_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v lignum_fw-la and_o not_o arbour_n as_o if_o one_o say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v commit_v a_o murder_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v that_o he_o have_v murder_v a_o hare_n but_o a_o man_n you_o may_v here_o observe_v reader_n that_o though_o word_n of_o a_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o best_a intendment_n for_o the_o speaker_n as_o i_o have_v sufficient_o clear_v it_o unto_o you_o yet_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v take_v contrary_a to_o common_a intendment_n for_o as_o you_o shall_v not_o strain_v word_n to_o a_o intent_n not_o apparent_a to_o make_v they_o actionable_a so_o you_o must_v not_o wrâ—st_v they_o contrary_a to_o common_a intent_n to_o make_v they_o noâ—_n actionable_a this_o be_v apparent_a by_o sanders_n his_o case_n immediate_o before_o where_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o to_o say_v of_o another_o you_o have_v steal_v my_o wood_n shalâ—_n be_v intend_v to_o be_v lignum_fw-la and_o not_o arbour_n and_o so_o actionable_a so_o to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o murder_n shall_v not_o be_v understand_v murder_v of_o a_o harâ—_n but_o a_o man._n dame_n morrison_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o william_n cade_n esquire_n aâ—d_v declare_v that_o she_o be_v of_o good_a same_o 115â—_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o henry_n earl_n of_o kent_n be_v in_o speech_n and_o communication_n with_o she_o for_o marriage_n the_o defendant_n prâ—misso_fw-la they_o non_fw-la ignarus_fw-la say_v these_o word_n arscot_n have_v report_v that_o he_o have_v have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o lady_n morrisons_n body_n at_o his_o pleasure_n ubi_fw-la revera_fw-la arscot_n never_o report_v it_o and_o further_a allege_v that_o the_o e._n of_o kent_n upon_o the_o hear_n of_o these_o word_n surcease_v his_o suit_n by_o which_o she_o lose_v her_o advancement_n the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o
plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v by_o hobart_n attorney_n general_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o this_o reason_n among_o other_o all_o rule_v against_o he_o â—_o because_o that_o the_o word_n have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n be_v incertain_a and_o of_o a_o double_a intendment_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o best_a sense_n to_o have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n as_o a_o tailor_n in_o measure_v or_o a_o physician_n in_o give_v physic_n or_o the_o like_a and_o not_o in_o any_o worse_a â—ence_n but_o by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n the_o word_n be_v actionable_a intent_n when_o word_n be_v speak_v that_o may_v have_v a_o double_a intent_n or_o meaning_n they_o shall_v be_v expound_v according_a to_o common_a intent_n for_o otherwise_o he_o which_o intend_v to_o slander_v another_o may_v speak_v slanderous_a word_n which_o by_o common_a intendment_n shaâ—l_v be_v expound_v a_o slander_n and_o yet_o no_o action_n lie_v and_o here_o the_o word_n have_v have_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n at_o his_o pleasure_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v in_o any_o lawful_a manner_n but_o licentious_o and_o dishonest_o for_o this_o be_v the_o common_a intent_n with_o who_o all_o the_o other_o justice_n agree_v three_o 8_o where_o the_o word_n be_v doubtful_a in_o sense_n or_o meaning_n there_o likewise_o they_o will_v not_o be_v actionable_a to_o say_v that_o a_o man_n smell_v of_o a_o murder_n late_o commit_v will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n b._n because_o the_o word_n be_v of_o a_o dubious_a sense_n and_o intendment_n bradshaw_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o walker_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o filch_a fellow_n and_o do_v â—â—lch_v from_o william_n parson_n a_o 100_o l._n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o they_o be_v of_o incertain_a sense_n and_o meaning_n so_o to_o call_v one_o harlot_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n b._n and_o upon_o this_o ground_n i_o conceive_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o to_o call_v a_o woman_n hagge_n will_v not_o be_v actionable_a so_o to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o be_v a_o healer_n of_o felon_n or_o that_o he_o strain_v a_o mare_n as_o the_o case_n be_v before_o put_v will_v not_o be_v actinable_a because_o of_o their_o doubtful_a sense_n and_o meaning_n without_o the_o word_n be_v â—_o speak_v to_o such_o who_o know_v the_o meaning_n and_o intendment_n of_o they_o four_o where_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v incertain_a or_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v in_o such_o case_n they_o will_v not_o be_v actionable_a aâ—d_v first_o for_o the_o incertainty_n of_o the_o word_n 9_o that_o be_v when_o the_o scandal_n be_v not_o certain_a and_o apparent_a in_o the_o word_n themselves_o note_v reader_n that_o all_o the_o case_n put_v before_o upon_o the_o double_a or_o indifferent_a meaning_n of_o word_n be_v apt_a to_o this_o purpose_n as_o those_o thou_o have_v steal_v my_o apple_n or_o my_o corn_n or_o so_o many_o load_n of_o my_o fur_n or_o a_o tree_n or_o the_o like_o the_o word_n in_o these_o case_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o the_o scandal_n be_v not_o apparent_a and_o certain_a by_o the_o word_n for_o in_o every_o of_o these_o case_n afore_o aught_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n the_o thing_n say_v to_o be_v steal_v may_v be_v grow_v and_o then_o it_o be_v a_o trespass_n only_o and_o no_o felony_n and_o to_o charge_v a_o man_n with_o a_o trespass_n will_v not_o be_v actionable_a but_o if_o the_o word_n be_v thou_o have_v steal_v my_o apple_n out_o of_o my_o loft_n my_o corn_n out_o of_o my_o barn_n or_o my_o fuâ—z_n or_o wood_n out_o of_o my_o yard_n in_o such_o case_n the_o word_n will_v be_v actionable_a because_o the_o scandal_n be_v apparent_a for_o that_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o word_n they_o be_v not_o grow_v edward_n miles_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o francis_n jacob_n for_o these_o word_n 11._o thou_o have_v poison_a smith_n etc._n etc._n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o chequer_n chamber_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n that_o it_o be_v do_v witting_o 236._o gibs_n and_o jenkins_n case_n to_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o he_o boar_n away_o money_n or_o the_o like_a will_v not_o be_v actionable_a a._n say_v of_o b._n that_o he_o take_v away_o money_n from_o he_o with_o a_o strong_a hand_n bench._n for_o which_o b._n bring_v a_o action_n adjudge_v that_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v bramstan_n chiefâ—_n justice_n in_o the_o argue_n of_o hawes_n case_n mich._n 1â—_n of_o this_o king_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n remember_v this_o case_n he_o do_v assault_v i_o and_o take_v away_o my_o purse_n from_o i_o and_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a plâ—as_n the_o reason_n of_o these_o case_n be_v because_o that_o for_o aught_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o uncertain_a these_o may_v be_v trespass_n only_o and_o no_o felony_n again_o where_o the_o person_n scandalize_v be_v uncertain_a no_o action_n will_v lie_v if_o one_o say_v without_o any_o precedent_a communication_n of_o any_o person_n incertain_a that_o one_o of_o the_o servant_n of_o b._n he_o have_v divers_a be_v a_o notorious_a felon_n or_o traitor_n b._n etc._n etc._n here_o before_o the_o incertainety_n of_o the_o person_n no_o action_n lie_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v make_v good_a by_o a_o innuendo_fw-la so_o ibi_fw-la if_o one_o say_v general_o i_o know_v one_o near_a about_o b._n that_o be_v a_o notorious_a thief_n or_o the_o like_a no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n so_o as_o it_o be_v in_o fleetwoods_n case_n in_o hobart_n report_v 351._o if_o a_o man_n say_v look_v upon_o three_o person_n one_o of_o these_o murder_v a_o man_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o these_o word_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o incertainety_n of_o the_o person_n neither_o can_v a_o innuendo_fw-la help_v the_o incertainety_n and_o note_v reader_n that_o these_o case_n be_v not_o like_o wiseman_n case_n wiseman_n of_o grays-inn_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o wiseman_n of_o lincollins-inne_n his_o brother_n for_o these_o word_n bench._n my_o brother_n mean_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v perjure_v and_o i_o will_v justify_v it_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o certain_a enough_o to_o ground_v a_o action_n upon_o because_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v more_o brother_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v of_o which_o of_o they_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v but_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o action_n will_v well_o lie_v because_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v according_o and_o here_o tanfield_n justice_n take_v this_o difference_n where_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v incertain_a as_o to_o say_v one_o of_o my_o brother_n be_v perjure_v there_o they_o can_v never_o be_v make_v good_a by_o any_o averrement_n but_o where_o the_o word_n be_v certain_a in_o themselves_o so_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o speaker_n intend_v a_o person_n certain_a there_o they_o may_v be_v make_v certain_a by_o such_o a_o declaration_n and_o the_o find_n of_o the_o jury._n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v divers_a brother_n the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v plead_v it_o and_o then_o issue_n shall_v have_v be_v take_v whether_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o no._n nor_o be_v the_o former_a case_n like_o a_o case_n which_o i_o cite_v before_o mich._n 2._o jac._n where_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n bench._n thou_o do_v kill_v a_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n innuend_a jocosam_fw-la vxorem_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la r._n s._n defunct_a where_o it_o be_v rule_v that_o though_o the_o woman_n be_v utter_o incertain_a yet_o because_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o party_n intend_v to_o commit_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o action_n will_v well_o lie_v foxcroft_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o lacie_n and_o declare_v that_o a_o communication_n be_v move_v between_o john_n walter_n 118._o and_o richard_n guyn_n esquier_n concern_v a_o certain_a suit_n wherein_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o certain_a other_o be_v defendant_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n lacie_n upon_o the_o say_a communication_n in_o their_o presence_n relation_n speak_v these_o word_n these_o defendant_n mean_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o other_o be_v those_o that_o help_v to_o murder_n henry_n farrar_n mean_v one_o hen._n farrer_n decease_a who_o be_v murder_v by_o one_o t._n guldfield_n who_o be_v hang_v for_o it_o adjudge_v the_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o that_o
hold_v considerable_a in_o this_o case_n be_v these_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n take_v fee_n of_o both_o hand_n and_o whether_o this_o will_v amount_v to_o as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o ambidext_a be_v the_o question_n popham_n and_o yeluerton_n justice_n that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o the_o word_n in_o this_o case_n may_v have_v a_o double_a intendment_n for_o it_o may_v be_v intend_v that_o he_o take_v fee_n with_o both_o hand_n lawful_o but_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o ambidext_a a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o this_o be_v vox_fw-la artis_fw-la and_o can_v be_v otherwise_o intend_v fenner_n and_o williams_n justice_n that_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o that_o the_o word_n amount_v to_o as_o much_o as_o ambidext_a and_o be_v the_o english_a of_o it_o &_o a_o direct_a affirmation_n and_o no_o metaphor_n if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o have_v the_o pox_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v because_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v the_o small_a pox_n but_o if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o have_v be_v lay_v of_o the_o pox_n there_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v because_o it_o be_v the_o phrase_n for_o the_o french_a pox._n i_o do_v rather_o incline_v to_o the_o latter_a opinion_n because_o as_o have_v be_v say_v these_o word_n be_v but_o the_o english_a and_o proper_a meaning_n of_o ambidextery_n and_o to_o construe_v they_o to_o a_o take_a fee_n with_o both_o hand_n will_v be_v to_o make_v a_o construction_n against_o the_o express_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n which_o i_o conceive_v the_o law_n will_v not_o permit_v and_o the_o rather_o as_o this_o case_n be_v because_o that_o he_o do_v charge_v he_o with_o knavery_n in_o suffer_v of_o he_o wilful_o to_o be_v condemn_v in_o a_o suit_n be_v his_o attorney_n i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o judgement_n in_o the_o case_n therefore_o i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o judicious_a reader_n philip_n parson_n of_o d._n bring_v a_o action_n against_o badby_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o have_v make_v a_o seditious_a sermon_n and_o move_v the_o people_n to_o sedition_n this_o day_n bench._n in_o this_o case_n notwithstanding_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o word_n be_v utter_o adjective_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v but_o a_o motive_n to_o sedition_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o any_o thing_n ensue_v thereof_o yet_o because_o they_o scandal_v the_o plaintiff_n in_o his_o function_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o they_o be_v actionable_a if_o a_o man_n say_v of_o a_o merchant_n that_o he_o be_v a_o bankrupt_a 72._o or_o that_o he_o will_v be_v a_o bankrupt_a within_o two_o day_n the_o word_n be_v actionable_a edmund_n a_o merchant_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o whetston_n for_o these_o 855._o word_n he_o will_v prove_v that_o master_n edmunds_n have_v be_v a_o bankrupt_a and_o have_v agree_v with_o his_o credâ—itors_n for_o a_o noble_a in_o the_o pound_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n by_o hucham_n that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o the_o speech_n refer_v to_o a_o time_n past_a and_o though_o that_o he_o be_v once_o a_o bankrupt_a yet_o it_o may_v be_v now_o that_o he_o be_v of_o credit_n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v because_o that_o it_o be_v a_o impeachment_n of_o his_o credit_n for_o if_o he_o be_v once_o a_o bankrupt_a every_o man_n will_v be_v the_o more_o suspicious_a and_o fearful_a of_o he_o a_o merchant_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o call_v of_o he_o cozen_a knave_n b_o by_o jones_n and_o barkley_n justice_n the_o other_o justice_n absent_v the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o the_o word_n be_v too_o general_a but_o if_o they_o have_v touch_v he_o in_o his_o profession_n they_o will_v have_v bear_v a_o action_n and_o therefore_o to_o call_v a_o merchant_n bankrupt_a will_v bear_v a_o action_n but_o to_o say_v of_o a_o lawyer_n that_o he_o be_v a_o bankrupt_a will_v 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naughty_a beer_n which_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o court_n because_o that_o he_o be_v presentable_a in_o a_o leete_n for_o it_o and_o likewise_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v say_v by_o bartley_n justice_n that_o where_o one_o say_v of_o a_o lawyer_n that_o he_o have_v as_o much_o law_n as_o a_o monkey_n that_o these_o word_n be_v adjudge_v not_o actionable_a because_o that_o he_o have_v as_o much_o law_n &_o more_o also_o then_o the_o monkey_n have_v but_o if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o he_o have_v more_o law_n than_o a_o monkey_n these_o word_n will_v be_v actionable_a one_o say_v of_o a_o counsellor_n at_o law_n that_o he_o be_v a_o concealer_n of_o the_o law_n adjudge_v actionable_a sanderson_n and_o rudds_n case_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o lawyer_n and_o
the_o know_v the_o defendant_n plea_n be_v that_o which_o must_v guide_v we_o in_o these_o case_n if_o he_o plead_v not_o guilty_a the_o word_n be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la as_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v allege_v and_o if_o the_o justify_v the_o speak_n of_o other_o word_n and_o traverse_v the_o word_n in_o question_n he_o do_v it_o thus_o absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o he_o speak_v the_o word_n in_o the_o declaration_n modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la as_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v allege_v now_o where_o the_o word_n that_o be_v find_v by_o the_o jury_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o agree_v modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la with_o the_o word_n in_o the_o declaration_n this_o be_v the_o question_n here_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o this_o as_o a_o ground_n that_o where_o the_o word_n that_o be_v find_v do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o declaration_n in_o the_o substantial_a and_o essential_a form_n that_o in_o such_o case_n they_o do_v not_o warrant_v the_o declaration_n but_o 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form_n as_o they_o be_v allege_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o his_o declaration_n be_v the_o question_n resolve_v against_o the_o defendant_n and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o the_o chequer_n chamber_n the_o court_n also_o incline_v against_o the_o defendant_n for_o the_o matter_n be_v in_o effect_v the_o same_o and_o the_o form_n must_v be_v understand_v the_o essential_a form_n not_o according_a to_o every_o word_n here_o you_o have_v the_o ground_n lay_v down_o before_o yet_o the_o book_n say_v that_o pasch._n 16._o though_o the_o court_n incline_v that_o either_o of_o the_o word_n will_v bear_v a_o action_n yet_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o find_v so_o absolute_a as_o the_o declaration_n neither_o move_v credit_n in_o the_o ear_n so_o full_o which_o be_v the_o force_n of_o a_o slander_n and_o then_o they_o be_v not_o the_o same_o word_n in_o force_n and_o effect_n as_o if_o the_o word_n be_v lay_v i_o know_v he_o to_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o it_o be_v find_v i_o think_v he_o to_o be_v a_o thief_n for_o my_o part_n reader_n i_o doubt_v in_o this_o case_n whether_o the_o find_n of_o the_o jury_n do_v warrant_v the_o declaration_n because_o they_o be_v not_o the_o same_o word_n in_o force_n and_o effect_n as_o be_v say_v before_o and_o i_o conceive_v they_o be_v not_o the_o same_o in_o the_o essential_a form_n of_o they_o for_o i_o question_n â—as_v i_o have_v do_v before_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v of_o another_o that_o he_o do_v think_v if_o he_o may_v have_v his_o will_n he_o will_v kill_v all_o the_o king_n true_a subject_n and_o the_o king_n too_o or_o that_o he_o do_v think_v such_o a_o one_o to_o be_v a_o thief_n whether_o these_o word_n be_v actionable_a or_o no_o because_o the_o word_n be_v no_o positive_a charge_n out_o only_o the_o thought_n or_o opinion_n of_o the_o defendant_n but_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o if_o such_o word_n as_o these_o shall_v not_o be_v actionable_a this_o will_v open_v a_o gap_n for_o scandalous_a tongue_n to_o slander_v a_o man_n at_o pleasure_n and_o yet_o no_o action_n lie_v which_o be_v very_o mischievous_a therefore_o i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o reader_n fenner_n against_o mutton_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o word_n bench._n which_o be_v thus_o nicholas_n fenner_n procure_v 8._o or_o 10._o of_o his_o neighbour_n to_o perjure_v themselves_o the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o nicholas_n fenner_n have_v cause_v 8._o or_o 10._o of_o his_o neighbour_n to_o prejure_v themselves_o and_o if_o this_o verdict_n be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o the_o defendant_n be_v the_o question_n and_o the_o doubt_n be_v whether_o this_o word_n cause_n amount_v to_o as_o much_o as_o procure_v tanfield_n justice_n seem_v that_o it_o do_v not_o for_o he_o may_v be_v a_o remote_a cause_n as_o causa_fw-la sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la and_o yet_o no_o procurer_n as_o if_o a_o notary_n write_v a_o writing_n and_o put_v to_o this_o a_o seal_n and_o another_o take_v it_o and_o forge_n and_o publish_v it_o the_o writer_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o this_o be_v forge_v and_o yet_o no_o procurer_n of_o it_o i_o find_v no_o judgement_n in_o this_o case_n therefore_o quaere_fw-la of_o it_o chipsam_fw-la against_o jeeke_n for_o these_o word_n chipsam_fw-la be_v a_o thief_n bench._n for_o he_o have_v steal_v a_o lamb_n from_o a._n and_o goose_n from_o b._n and_o kill_v they_o in_o my_o ground_n issue_n be_v join_v whether_o the_o defendant_n speak_v the_o word_n modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o thief_n for_o he_o have_v steal_v a_o lamb_n from_o a._n and_o kill_v it_o in_o my_o ground_n but_o they_o find_v that_o he_o speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o goose_n yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o find_n of_o the_o jury_n do_v well_o warrant_v the_o declaration_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n because_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o word_n be_v that_o he_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o thou_o for_o he_o have_v etc._n etc._n only_a a_o demonstration_n in_o what_o he_o be_v a_o thief_n which_o be_v as_o well_o in_o steal_v of_o the_o lamb_n as_o of_o the_o goose_n and_o than_o if_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o say_v any_o of_o they_o it_o suffice_v and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n norman_a and_o symons_n case_n bench._n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o word_n and_o declare_v that_o they_o be_v speak_v false_a &_o malitiose_fw-la the_o jury_n find_v the_o word_n speak_v falso_fw-la &_o injuriose_fw-la and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o the_o find_n of_o the_o jury_n do_v not_o warrant_v the_o declaration_n in_o the_o substantial_a form_n of_o it_o for_o if_o the_o word_n be_v not_o speak_v out_o of_o malice_n they_o will_v not_o be_v actionable_a as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o hereafter_o brugis_n bring_v in_o action_n for_o these_o word_n 21._o brugis_n be_v a_o maintainer_n of_o thief_n and_o a_o strong_a thief_n himself_o issue_n be_v join_v whether_o the_o defendant_n speak_v the_o word_n modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la and_o the_o jury_n find_v all_o the_o word_n except_o the_o word_n strong_a and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v judgement_n here_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o though_o every_o word_n allege_v in_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o find_v yet_o the_o essential_a and_o substantial_a form_n of_o the_o word_n be_v find_v that_o be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o declaration_n this_o i_o say_v you_o may_v observe_v not_o only_o by_o this_o case_n but_o the_o case_n also_o before_o put_v barbar_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o hawley_n for_o these_o word_n john_n barbar_n and_o his_o child_n be_v false_a thief_n man_n can_v have_v their_o cattle_n go_v upon_o the_o common_a but_o they_o will_v kill_v they_o and_o eat_v they_o etc._n etc._n issue_n be_v join_v whether_o the_o defendant_n speak_v the_o word_n modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la and_o the_o jury_n fonnd_v that_o he_o speak_v these_o word_n viz._n man_n can_v have_v their_o cattle_n go_v upon_o the_o common_a but_o john_n barbar_n and_o his_o child_n will_v kill_v they_o with_o barber_n dog_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o defendant_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a because_o the_o word_n find_v by_o the_o jury_n do_v vary_v in_o the_o essential_a and_o substantial_a form_n from_o the_o word_n in_o the_o declaration_n for_o the_o word_n in_o the_o declaration_n do_v charge_v the_o plaintiff_n with_o tneft_n for_o which_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v but_o the_o word_n find_v by_o the_o jury_n charge_n he_o only_o with_o trespass_n for_o
which_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v the_o ground_n lay_v down_o before_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o second_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v touch_v before_o very_o considerable_a in_o all_o action_n for_o word_n and_o that_o be_v quo_fw-la animo_fw-la with_o what_o affection_n the_o word_n be_v speak_v whether_o ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la or_o not_o for_o if_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o they_o be_v not_o speak_v out_o of_o malice_n they_o will_v not_o be_v actionable_a ralph_n brook_n bench_n york_z herald_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o henry_n montague_n knight_n recorder_n of_o london_n for_o say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o he_o have_v commit_v felony_n the_o defendant_n plead_v how_o that_o he_o be_v a_o counsellor_n and_o earn_v in_o the_o law_n and_o that_o he_o be_v retain_v of_o counsel_n against_o the_o plaintiff_n at_o such_o a_o trial_n and_o set_v forth_o all_o the_o matter_n in_o certain_a and_o that_o he_o in_o give_v evidence_n to_o the_o jury_n speak_v the_o word_n in_o the_o count_n which_o word_n be_v pertinent_a to_o the_o matter_n in_o issue_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o speak_v out_o of_o malice_n for_o that_o they_o be_v speak_v to_o the_o purpose_n and_o be_v to_o the_o purpose_n though_o the_o word_n be_v false_a no_o action_n will_v lie_v against_o the_o defendant_n as_o in_o a_o appeal_v of_o murder_n if_o the_o counsel_n with_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o the_o defendant_n commit_v the_o murder_n though_o it_o be_v not_o true_a yet_o he_o shall_v not_o he_o punish_v for_o it_o because_o that_o what_o he_o say_v be_v pertinent_a so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v take_v to_o be_v speak_v out_o of_o malice_n but_o only_o as_o of_o counsel_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o if_o that_o which_o he_o say_v be_v impertinent_a in_o scandal_n of_o he_o against_o who_o he_o speak_v it_o as_o in_o trespass_n of_o battery_n to_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v a_o felon_n there_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o that_o they_o can_v be_v otherwise_o take_v but_o to_o be_v speak_v out_o of_o malice_n and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v further_o say_v that_o if_o a_o counsellor_n be_v inform_v of_o any_o matter_n of_o slander_n apt_a to_o be_v give_v in_o evidence_n and_o he_o speak_v it_o at_o other_o place_n and_o at_o another_o time_n then_o in_o evidence_n a_o action_n lie_v for_o it_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n in_o confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a case_n there_o be_v this_o case_n put_v and_o agree_v for_o law_n which_o be_v the_o case_n of_o parson_n prit_fw-fr in_o suffolk_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o in_o the_o act_n and_o monument_n of_o mr._n fox_n there_o be_v a_o relation_n of_o one_o greenwood_n of_o suffolk_n who_o be_v there_o report_v to_o have_v perjure_v himself_o before_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n in_o the_o testify_a against_o a_o martyr_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n and_o that_o afterward_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n as_o a_o exemplary_a punishment_n for_o his_o great_a offence_n his_o bowel_n rot_v out_o of_o his_o belly_n and_o the_o say_a parson_n prit_fw-fr being_n new_o come_v to_o his_o benefice_n in_o suffolk_n and_o not_o well_o know_v his_o parishioner_n preach_v against_o perjury_n cite_v this_o story_n for_o a_o example_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n and_o it_o chance_v that_o the_o same_o greenwood_n of_o who_o the_o story_n be_v write_v be_v in_o life_n and_o in_o the_o church_n at_o that_o time_n and_o after_o for_o this_o slander_n bring_v a_o action_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o evidence_n all_o the_o matter_n appear_v and_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o anderson_n justice_n of_o assize_n he_o be_v acquit_v because_o it_o do_v appear_v the_o defendant_n speak_v the_o word_n without_o malice_n and_o this_o rule_n be_v approve_v by_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o this_o case_n in_o the_o argue_v of_o sanderson_n and_o rudds_n case_n which_o i_o remember_v before_o these_o case_n follow_v be_v cite_v by_o gotbolt_n sergeant_n who_o be_v of_o counsel_n with_o the_o defendant_n and_o agree_v by_o the_o court_n for_o law_n james_n and_o rudlies_n case_n pleas._n the_o defendant_n speak_v by_o way_n of_o advice_n to_o his_o friend_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v full_a of_o the_o french_a pox_n and_o therefore_o advise_v he_o not_o to_o keep_v he_o company_n adjudge_v he_o say_v that_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o these_o word_n of_o advice_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o these_o word_n be_v not_o speak_v out_o of_o any_o malice_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o mere_o cut_v of_o good_a will_n to_o his_o friend_n norman_a and_o simons_n case_n remember_v before_o bench._n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o word_n and_o declare_v that_o they_o be_v speak_v falso_fw-la &_o malitiose_fw-la the_o jury_n find_v the_o word_n and_o that_o they_o be_v speak_v falsâ—_n &_o injuriose_fw-la judgement_n be_v give_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o they_o do_v not_o find_v the_o malice_n for_o if_o the_o word_n be_v not_o speak_v malicious_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v and_o therefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n for_o word_n and_o do_v not_o declare_v that_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v malitiose_fw-la as_o well_o as_o falso_fw-la that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lady_n morrison_n that_o i_o have_v cite_v before_o this_o case_n be_v put_v by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n bench._n if_o one_o say_v in_o counsel_n and_o good_a will_n to_o his_o friend_n that_o it_o be_v report_v that_o he_o have_v do_v such_o or_o such_o a_o ill_a act_n and_o advise_v he_o to_o purge_v himself_o and_o avoid_v such_o occasion_n afterward_o it_o see_v mes_fw-fr say_v he_o that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o such_o counsel_n but_o quaere_fw-la say_v the_o reporter_n for_o it_o be_v without_o malice_n and_o true_o for_o my_o part_n i_o conceive_v a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o that_o reason_n but_o i_o submit_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o now_o i_o have_v finish_v my_o labour_n of_o show_v you_o what_o word_n be_v actionable_a in_o the_o law_n and_o what_o not_o it_o will_v in_o the_o next_o place_n be_v very_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v where_o a_o man_n suit_n or_o prosecution_n at_o law_n shall_v subject_v a_o man_n to_o a_o action_n and_o where_o not_o and_o here_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o this_o as_o a_o rule_n that_o for_o any_o suit_n or_o other_o legal_a prosecution_n in_o course_n of_o justice_n if_o not_o out_o of_o malice_n and_o touch_v a_o man_n life_n no_o action_n will_n lie_n 2_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o forger_n of_o false_a deed_n against_o a_o lord_n pend_v which_o writ_n the_o lord_n for_o the_o slander_n of_o the_o say_a forgery_n by_o the_o say_a suit_n bring_v his_o action_n de_fw-fr scandalis_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o defendant_n justify_v the_o say_a flander_n by_o bring_v of_o the_o say_v write_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n there_o which_o be_v also_o agree_v for_o law_n in_o bucklies_n case_n in_o my_o l._n coke_n 4._o book_n the_o justification_n be_v good_a for_o say_v the_o book_n no_o punishment_n be_v ever_o appoint_v for_o a_o suit_n in_o law_n though_o that_o it_o be_v false_a and_o for_o vexation_n 14â—_n cutler_n and_o dixon_n case_n adjudge_v that_o if_o one_o exhibit_v article_n to_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n against_o a_o certain_a person_n contain_v divers_a great_a abuse_n and_o misdemeanour_n not_o only_o touch_v the_o petitioner_n themselves_o but_o many_o other_o and_o all_o this_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v bind_v to_o his_o good_a behaviour_n in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n abuse_v shall_v not_o have_v for_o any_o matter_n contain_v in_o such_o article_n a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n because_o that_o they_o have_v pursue_v the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o justice_n in_o such_o case_n and_o if_o action_n shall_v be_v permit_v in_o such_o case_n those_o which_o have_v good_a cause_n of_o complaint_n will_v not_o dare_v to_o complain_v for_o fear_v of_o infinite_a vexation_n oâ—en_o wood_n exhibit_v a_o bill_n in_o the_o starchamber_n against_o sir_n richardâ—_n buckley_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o divers_a matter_n examinable_a in_o the_o same_o court_n and_o further_o that_o he_o be_v a_o maintainer_n of_o pirate_n and_o murderer_n and_o a_o procurer_n of_o murder_n and_o piracy_n which_o offence_n be_v not_o determinable_a in_o the_o say_a court_n upon_o which_o sir_n richard_n buckley_n bring_v a_o action_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v adjudge_v
actionable_a and_o therefore_o the_o innuendo_fw-la in_o these_o case_n be_v idle_a and_o to_o no_o purpose_n so_o if_o the_o word_n be_v incertain_a of_o themselves_o or_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v a_o innuendo_fw-la shall_v never_o make_v they_o actionable_a if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o another_o for_o say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n take_v away_o money_n from_o he_o with_o a_o strong_a hand_n innuendo_fw-la felonice_n hear_v the_o word_n be_v incertain_a in_o the_o intendment_n before_o whether_o of_o a_o trespass_n or_o felony_n the_o innuendo_fw-la can_v extend_v they_o to_o a_o intendment_n of_o felony_n thereby_o to_o make_v they_o actionable_a and_o so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v so_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o another_o 4_o for_o say_v that_o he_o forge_v a_o warrant_n innuendo_fw-la quoddam_fw-la warrantum_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o thomas_n and_o axworths_n case_n be_v cite_v before_o 48._o or_o for_o say_v that_o he_o forge_v a_o writing_n innuendo_fw-la such_o a_o writing_n as_o harvy_n and_o duckins_n case_n be_v likewise_o cite_v before_o in_o these_o case_n because_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v utter_o incertain_a adjudge_v that_o the_o innuendo_fw-la shall_v never_o make_v they_o actionable_a a_o servant_n of_o b._n bring_v a_o action_n against_o one_o for_o these_o word_n b._n one_o of_o the_o servant_n of_o b._n innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o notorious_a felon_n or_o traitor_n &c_n &c_n and_o if_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n i_o know_v one_o near_a about_o b._n that_o be_v a_o notorious_a thief_n innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n in_o these_o case_n because_o of_o the_o incertainty_n of_o the_o person_n intend_v by_o the_o word_n the_o innuendo_fw-la shall_v not_o make_v they_o actionable_a i_o can_v multiply_v case_n upon_o this_o ground_n but_o because_o these_o will_v be_v sufficient_a i_o will_v add_v only_o the_o office_n of_o a_o imnuendo_fw-la the_o office_n of_o a_o innuendo_fw-la be_v only_o to_o contain_v and_o design_n the_o same_o person_n b_o which_o be_v name_v in_o certain_a before_o as_o thus_o two_o be_v speak_v together_o of_o b._n and_o one_o of_o they_o say_v he_o be_v a_o thief_n there_o b._n in_o his_o count_n may_v show_v that_o there_o be_v a_o speech_n of_o he_o betwixt_o those_o two_o and_o that_o one_o of_o they_o say_v of_o he_o he_o innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o thief_n or_o else_o to_o declare_v the_o matter_n or_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n themselves_o which_o be_v certain_o express_v before_o as_o thus_o a._n and_o b._n speak_v of_o c._n a._n say_v that_o c._n be_v a_o traitor_n to_o who_o b._n say_v that_o he_o be_v so_o too_o in_o this_o case_n if_o a._n bring_v a_o action_n for_o these_o word_n he_o may_v show_v in_o his_o count_n that_o there_o be_v a_o speech_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o defendant_n of_o c._n and_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v to_o the_o defendant_n that_o c._n be_v a_o traitor_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n say_v then_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o he_o innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n be_v so_o too_o innuendo_fw-la a_o traitor_n in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o innuendo_fw-la be_v good_a becuase_n it_o do_v its_o office_n in_o design_v of_o the_o person_n as_o also_o in_o declare_v of_o the_o matter_n or_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n which_o be_v certain_a before_o but_o a_o innuendo_fw-la b_o can_v make_v a_o person_n certain_a which_o be_v incertain_a before_o nor_o alter_v the_o matter_n or_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n themselves_o for_o it_o will_v be_v inconvenient_a that_o action_n shall_v be_v maintain_v by_o imagination_n of_o a_o intent_n which_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o word_n upon_o which_o the_o action_n be_v found_v but_o be_v utter_o incertain_a and_o subject_a to_o deceaveable_a conjecture_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n if_o i_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o be_v the_o declarer_fw-la of_o the_o meaning_n or_o intendment_n of_o the_o incertain_a and_o doubtful_a speech_n of_o another_o man_n i_o may_v judge_v he_o to_o speak_v that_o he_o never_o think_v or_o intend_v and_o so_o punish_v he_o for_o that_o wherein_o he_o never_o offend_v the_o next_o and_o last_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v where_o a_o averrement_n will_v be_v necessary_a in_o these_o action_n and_o where_o not_o and_o here_o i_o shall_v lay_v down_o this_o as_o a_o ground_n that_o in_o all_o case_n for_o word_n where_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o cause_n or_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n or_o tend_v necessary_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o it_o in_o such_o case_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v without_o that_o thing_n be_v express_o aver_v to_o be_v or_o not_o to_o be_v as_o the_o case_n require_v 8._o miles_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o jacob_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o innuendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n have_v poison_v smith_n quendam_fw-la sam._n smith_n ad_fw-la tuuc_fw-la defunct_a innuendo_fw-la adjudge_v the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o this_o reason_n among_o other_o because_o that_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v that_o smith_n be_v dead_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o word_n speak_v and_o the_o innuendo_fw-la for_o that_o purpose_n be_v no_o sufficient_a averrement_n the_o liâ—e_z case_n be_v trin._n 17._o of_o this_o king_n common-pleas_a a._n bring_v a_o action_n against_o b._n for_o these_o word_n thou_o have_v kill_v my_o brother_n innuendo_fw-la c._n etc._n etc._n fratrem_fw-la etc._n etc._n nuper_fw-la mortuum_fw-la adjudge_v the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v dead_a at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v and_o it_o be_v rule_v that_o the_o innuendo_fw-la be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a averrement_n the_o reason_n of_o these_o case_n be_v because_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n and_o if_o he_o be_v not_o dead_a which_o shall_v the_o rather_o be_v intend_v without_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v express_o aver_v he_o to_o be_v dead_a than_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v not_o be_v endamage_v by_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n and_o by_o consequence_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o they_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o i_o have_v a_o report_n of_o a_o case_n which_o be_v 5._o of_o king_n james_n adjudge_v against_o the_o former_a case_n bench_n sir_n tho._n holt_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o tailor_n for_o these_o word_n sir_n thomas_n holt_n have_v kill_v his_o cook_n 107._o etc._n etc._n and_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o have_v a_o cook_n nor_o that_o the_o cook_n be_v dead_a and_o this_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o by_o the_o whole_a court_n the_o declaration_n be_v move_v good_a because_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o purgation_n of_o the_o slander_n as_o this_o be_v except_o it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o record_n as_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v report_v to_o be_v dead_a but_o if_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o record_n that_o the_o party_n report_v to_o be_v dead_a be_v in_o life_n it_o be_v otherwise_o as_o it_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o a_o woman_n that_o she_o have_v murder_v her_o husband_n and_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n bring_v the_o action_n in_o this_o case_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v because_o that_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n that_o the_o slander_n be_v not_o prejuditiall_a but_o be_v purge_v notorious_o by_o the_o apparent_a be_v of_o the_o husband_n in_o life_n like_o snags_n case_n in_o my_o lord_n cook_n 4._o book_n quaere_fw-la tamen_fw-la a_o for_o i_o doubt_v reader_n the_o law_n of_o this_o case_n because_o of_o the_o case_n before_o adjudge_v a._n say_v that_o b._n tell_v he_o that_o c._n steal_v a_o horse_n these_o word_n with_o a_o averrement_n that_o b._n do_v not_o say_v any_o such_o thing_n to_o a._n will_v bear_v a_o action_n like_o the_o lady_n morrisons_n case_n which_o i_o have_v former_o cite_v foe_n 6._o b._n whether_o welsh_a word_n or_o word_n in_o english_a doubtful_a in_o sense_n yet_o equipollent_a and_o of_o a_o common_a intendment_n and_o acceptation_n in_o some_o certain_a place_n with_o word_n actionable_a will_v bear_v a_o action_n without_o a_o express_a averrement_n of_o the_o importance_n of_o they_o or_o no_o quare_fw-la &_o vide_fw-la foe_n 6._o a._n hasselwood_n and_o garret_n case_v cite_v before_o bench._n whosoever_o be_v he_o that_o be_v false_a thief_n and_o strong_a in_o the_o country_n of_o salop_n 107._o whatsoever_o he_o have_v steal_v or_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v do_v thomas_n hassellwood_n be_v fall_a than_o he_o resolve_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a with_o a_o averrement_n that_o there_o be_v felon_n within_o the_o countâ—_n of_o salop_n but_o for_o default_n of_o such_o averrement_n the_o judgement_n
of_o action_n give_v he_o &_o so_o avoid_v the_o arbitrement_n &_o expedit_fw-la râ—ipub_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la finis_fw-la litium_fw-la i_o shall_v cite_v but_o one_o case_n more_o upon_o the_o former_a ground_n and_o so_o pass_v this_o which_o be_v thus_o barnes_n bring_v debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n against_o green_o 234._o date_v the_o 4_o of_o september_n submission_n to_o perform_v a_o award_n of_o all_o cause_n till_o the_o day_n of_o the_o date_n the_o plaintiff_n plead_v the_o award_n de_fw-fr premissis_fw-la viz._n of_o all_o cause_n till_o the_o 3_o of_o december_n and_o assign_v a_o breach_n the_o defendant_n maintain_v the_o bar_n that_o the_o arbitrator_n make_v no_o award_n and_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n &_o judgement_n here_o the_o award_n be_v a_o day_n short_a of_o the_o submission_n upon_o this_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v but_o what_o issue_n it_o have_v that_o my_o lord_n hobart_n say_v he_o do_v not_o know_v i_o do_v conceive_v reader_n 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