Selected quad for the lemma: judgement_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
judgement_n	bishop_n	church_n	presbyter_n	1,645	5	10.1981	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A65619	An account of the churches, or places of assembly, of the primitive Christians from the churches of Tyre, Jerusalem, and Constantinople described by Eusebius : and ocular observations of several very ancient edifices of churches yet extant in those parts : with a seasonable application / by Sir George Wheler ...	Wheler, George, Sir, 1650-1723.; Eusebius, of Caesarea, Bishop of Caesarea, ca. 260-ca. 340.	1689 (1689)	Wing W1606; ESTC R34742	41,000	136

The Altar From whence the whole place was also Anciently so called and that most frequently It is generally of Stone sustained sometimes by four Small Pillars and sometimes by one in the Middle And it is placed in the middle of this Holy Place as distant or rather more distant from the Eastern-Wall than the Door That at Athens seems to be placed something without this Concave according to the Scheme I then took of it So that there are two Rows of Pillars one on the Western and the other on the Southern side of it This had I know not whether very Anciently or no a Canopy over it sustained by four Pillars At Athens it was sustained by four Beautiful Pillars of Porphyry with Corinthian Capitals of White Marble which were very stately This Canopy was in the shape of a Cupolo or Hemisphere and therefore the Mystiologists compared it to the Heaven and the Table to the Earth in the midst of it figuring our Saviour's Descent and Ascent from Heaven The Vnity of the Altar was Sacred in the Primitive Church and is so to this day in the present Greek Church They never had any more than one Altar in one Church no more than more Bishops than one as S. Ignatius says As there is one Body of the Lord and One Cup for the Vnion of his Blood so there is One Altar and One Bishop They never Crammed their Churches with Altars against every Pillar and Post and in every Corner of the Church dedicated to every Saint and Angel in Heaven and Earth as the Romans do now Beyond this was the Holy Throne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 together with the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Consistory as I think I may call it This was placed against the Wall of the Semicircular Concave consisting of several Steps or Degrees Semicircular also I remember they are in number Three and of White Marble in that of Athens and Prussia which are so High and Large that they are fit both to sit on and for those that sit a Degree higher to place their Feet on These Degrees were the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 on the Top of which was placed a single Seat which was the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Throne This might well be called also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from the Degrees or Steps but most properly as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies a Tribunal or Judgment Seat It signifies also Surgestum or a Pulpit whence Orators use to plead as Monsieur Goar observes out of Demosthenes who speaks of himself 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as going up into the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Pulpit to speak an Oration Upon such a high Tribunal or Scaffold we often see the Emperor standing and sometimes sitting in Medals and Ancient Bass-Relieves both in Adlocutions to the Army and in distributing their Bounty to the People But these are of a different Figure from those in the Church for those were Square and these Semicircular This was lookt upon in the Christian Church as the Tribunal or Throne of Christ and his Apostles and as the Mercy Seat of God in the Temple and therefore was also called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Mercy Seat. Codinus informs us That the Emperour Justinian covered this with Gold Thô not as he saith for the Priests to stand upon to Reverence the Table But piously to Adorn the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Throne as the Chair of Christ and his Apostles In opposition to the Chair of Moses and conformable to that Glorious Throne or Mercy-Seat erected in the Temple Adorned with Cherubims on each hand as Seraphick Attendants thereon And not to be Worshipped as the late rather Subtil than Ignorant Bishop of Oxon would Insinuate to the World. On this Throne and so on the High Seat was placed the Written Word of God or Bible as Mr. Goar by the Connexion of his Discourse seems to intimate out of Symeon Thessalonicensis And so indeed it was placed in the Holy Council of Nice on a Throne intimating That that was the Law of God whence all true Judgment concerning either Faith or Manners must be taken And according to that we must both be judged by Christ and as his Ministers Judge in the Church of God for Edification and not Destruction On this Throne and Synthronon both the Bishop and his Presbyters use to sit together and that very Anciently as S. Ignatius intimates in almost all his Epistles Where he compares the Bishop in the Church to Christ and the Presbyters to the Apostles And Eusebius tells us That the Chair of S. James of Jerusalem wherein he Taught the People was kept till his time But whether the Bishop did always sit in the Highest Seat or Throne or in the middle of the Synthronon may be questioned from that of Balsamon in his Commentary upon the 2d Canon of the Council of Constantinople Wherein he saith It was granted to some Bishops even to sit upon the Throne in the Holy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Church committed to his Charge But that They did sit on the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 together is evident from the LVI Canon of the Council of Laodicea But this was not in Ancient times to make a Vain glorious and Pompous show in the Church but besides the Representation of Christ's Judgment Seat to put the People in mind of the Great Judgment to come it was the Chair of Christ and Seat of the Elders from whence the Bishops and Priests use to Preach to the People in the Name and by the Authority that Christ committed to them So Zonaras tells us That the Bishop was placed in a Seat on high in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Holy Place signi●ying That he ought according as the Canon prescribes to take care of the Clergy and teach the People Piety to inspect and diligently to observe the People under him from that Sublime place And that there also the Presbyters are commanded to assist and sit together with the Bishop that they also may be admonished from that High Seat to Teach and Instruct the People in holy Life and Conversation as they are given to be Fellow Labourers to the Bishop Socrates also and Zozomen inform us That this was the Ancient Custom shewing That S. John Chrysostom was the first that Preached in the Ambo or Reading Desk of the Church by Reason of the Multitude of People that Crouded up to Hear him On which Valesius brings us an old Constitution or Law of King Childebert importing the same thing and then sends us to Baronius who shews us That Gregory Nazianzen Preached within the Bema in the same Church that Chrysostom Preached in the Ambo or Pulpit The place he mentions is at the Latter end of his Epistle to the 150 Bishops where he bids all his Church his People and every thing in it Adieu Adieu O my Chair This Envied Height and this