sue any accyon in the Quéens court if he remaine excommunicate xl daies wil not be iustified by his Ordinarie then the Bishoppe shall sende hys letter patent to the Chauncellour and thereupon it shal be commaunded to the sheriffe to take the body of hym y â— is accursed by a writte called de Excommunicato capiendo til hée hath made agréement wyth the Church for the contempt and wronge and when hée is iustified and hath made gréement then the bishop shal send his letters to y â— Quéene certifiyng the same and then it shal be commaunded to the shirife to deuer him by a writ called Excommunicato deliberando Exchange EXchaunge is where a man is seysed of certaine land and an other manne is seysed of other lande if they by a déede indented or without déede if the Landes be in one selfe countie exchaunge the landes so that euery of them shal haue others landes to hym so exchaunged in fée fée tayle or for terme of lyfe that is called an exchaunge and it is good wythout lyuere and seysin And in exchaunge it behoueth that the estates to them limitted by thexchange be equal for if one haue an estate in fée in hys land and the other hath estate in the other land but for terme of lyfe or in tayle then such eschaunge is void but if y e estates bée equal and the landes bee not of equal value yet the exchange is good Also an exchange of rent for Landes is good soe an exchaunge beetwene rent and common is good and that ought to bée by déede And it béehoueth alway that these woordes exchaunge bée in the deede or els nothing passeth by the déede except that hée haue liuery and seisin Execution EXecutioÌ„ is where iugement is geuen in any actyon that the playntife shal recouer the land the debt or dammages as the case is and wheÌ„ y t writ is awarded to pute him in possession that is called a writte of Executyon and when he hath the possession of the lande or is payed of the debt or dammages or hath the bodie of the defendant awarded to prison then hée hath executyon and if the plée be in the countie or court barron or hundred and they deferre the iudgement in fauoure of the partie or for other cause then the demaundaunt shal haue a writ of Executione iuditij But in a writ of Debt a man shal not haue recouerye of any lande but of that whiche the defendaunt hath the day of the iugement yelded And of chattelles a manne shall haue executyon onelye of the chattelles which hée hath the day of executyon sued Executour EXecutour is when a man maketh his testament and last will and therein nameth the personne that shall execute his testament then hée that is so named is hys executour and such an executour shall haue an actyon agaynst euerye debtour of hys testatour and if the executors haue assets euery one to whoÌ„ the testator was in debt shall haue an action against the executor if hée haue an obligatioÌ„ or specialtie but in euery case where y â— testator might wage his lawe no actioÌ„ lieth against the executour Extinguishment EXtynguishement is where a Lorde of a manor or any other hath a rent goynge out of lande and hee purchaseth the same lande soe that hée hath such estate in the lande as hée hath in the rent then the rent is extinct for that that a manne may not haue rent goinge out of hys owne lande And when any rent shalbée extinct it behoueth that the lande and the rent bée in one hande and also that the estate that hee hath bée not defesible and that hée haue as good estate in the lande as in the rent for yf hée haue estate in the lande but for terme of lyfe or yeares and hath a fée simple in the rent then the rent is not extinct but is in suspence for that tyme and then after the terme the rent is reuiued Also if there bée Lorde mesne and tenaunt and the Lorde purchaseth the tenauncy then the menaltie is extinct but that mesne shall haue the surplusage of the rent if there bée any as a rent secke Also if a manne haue a hye waye appendant and after purchase the lande wherein the hye way is then the waye is extinct and soe it is of a common appendaunt Extortion EXtortion is a wronge don by an officer as a Maier Bailife Sherife Eschetor or other offycer by colour of hys office in takinge excessiue reward or fée for executyon of hys sayde office or otherwyse and is no other thynge in déede then playne robbery or rather more odius then robbery for robbery is apparant and alwaies hath wyth it the countenance of vice but extortion being as great a vice as robbery is carrieth w t it a countenance of vertue by meanes whereof it is the more hard to be tryed or dyscerned and therefore the more odious and yet some there bee that will not sticke to stretch their office credit and conscieÌ„ce to purchase mony as well by extortion as otherwise according to y â— saying of y e poet Uirgil What can be told or what is that that huÌ„ger swéete of gold doth not constraine men mortal to attempt Failing of record FAilynge of recorde is when an action of trespas or such like is brought against one and the defendaunt sayeth that the plaintife before this brought an accyon for the same trespas in an other court recouered damage c. And demauÌ„deth iudgmeÌ„t of the court if he shall agayne haue this actioÌ„ c. And y â— plaintife sayth there is â—oâ— such record WhereupoÌ„ y â— defendant hath a day giueÌ„ him to bring in the record at which day hee fayleth or bryngeth in such a one as is nor barre to this action theÌ„ he is said to faile of hys record and therupon the plaintife shal haue iudgment to recouer c. Deede DEode is a proofe and testimonie of the agréement of the partye whose déede it is to the thing contayned in the déede as a déed of feoffement is a proofe of the liuery of seysin for y e land passeth by the liuery of seysin but when y â— déede and the liuery are ioyned together that is a proofe of the liuery and that the feoffour is content that the feoffée shal haue the land And note that al déedes are either indeÌ„ted wherof there bée two thrée or more as the case requireth of which y e feoffour grauntor or lessour hath one the feofrée graÌ„tee or lessee an other and peraduenture some other body also another c. or els they are poll deedes or single and but one which the feoffée grauntée or lessée hath c. And euery deede consisteth of thrée pryncipal points and if those thrée be not ioyned together it is noe perfect déed to bynd the parties namely writinge sealing and deliuery The first point is writing wherby is shelved y â— parties names to the déed
baroÌ„ et doÌ„que si el so it vn foits franke et cleremÌ„t disch d'villenage a touts inteÌ„ts el ne poit estre niefe apÌ„s sans especial act fait ê‘ luy â–ª coÌ„e diuors ou conusaÌ„s en court de recorde et ceo est en fauour de liberty et pur ceo vn franke feÌ„e ne serra villen per prisel del villen al son baroÌ„ Mes lour issue serr ' vil lens coÌ„e lour pere fuit que est contrary al le ley ciuile car la est dit partus sequit veÌ„trem BoÌ„dage ou villenage ad soÌ„ coÌ„mencemÌ„t en t' les Hebrews et soÌ„ original ê“ceding d'Chanaan le fits d'Cham qÌ„ pur c ' q'il derisee son pere Noe giisant dissolutemÌ„t qnÌ„t il fuit e â–ª briee fuit puni en son fits Chanaan ouesque penalty de bondage Nihil dicit NIhil dicit est quant vn acc ' est port enuers vn hoÌ„e et le def appere le pl ' declare et le def ne voile respond ' ou plede al le acc ' et ne maintayne soÌ„ ple mes fait defaut ore sur cest defaut il serra condeÌ„pne quia nihil dicit Nomination NOmination est ou vn poit en dr ' de soÌ„ manor ou auterment nominate et appoint vn abl ' clarke ou hoÌ„e al vn personage vicarage on tiel spirituall promotion Nonabilitie NOnabilitie est lou vn actioÌ„ est port vers vn le defendaunt dit que le plaintife est nonable de suer ascuÌ„ action et demaunde iudgment sil serra respoÌ„de Il y ad vj. causes de nonabilitye en le pl ' come sil soyt vtlage ou vn alien nee mes cest disabilitie est en actions reales mixt solement et non â—n actions parsonals sinon que il soit vn alien enemy ou condempne en pÌ„munire ou professe en religion cest a scauoyer le Romish religion ou excoÌ„menge vn villen et sue son snÌ„r mes ceÌ„ darraine nest ple pur auter que nest snÌ„r al villen Nude Contract NVde Contract ou nude promise est lou vn home bargaine ou vend ses terres ou biens ou promise pur donÌ„ al auter money ou vn chiual ou a edefier vn meason ou faire tiel chose a tyel iour et nul recoÌ„peÌ„c e appoint a luy pur le faire de c ' CoÌ„e si vn dit al aut Ieo vende ou done al voê° touts mes terres ou bnÌ„s Et la eÌ„ nul chose appoint assigne ou agree que le aut ' donÌ„a ou paiera pur c ' issint â— il nad quid pro quo cest vn nude coÌ„tract et void en ley et pur noÌ„ ê‘formance de ceo nul action gist car ex nudo pacto non oritur actio Oredelfe O Redelfe est lou vn claime de auÌ„ le ore que est troue en son soile ou terre Outfangthiefe OVtfaÌ„gthiefe hoc eÌ„ qd ' latrones de t'ra vestra vel feodo vestro extra terraÌ„ vestraÌ„ vel feoduÌ„ vestruÌ„ capti cuÌ„ latrocinio ad cu riam vestram reuertaÌ„tur et ibidem iudic ' Owelte OWelte est qnÌ„t il y ad snÌ„r mesne et tenant et le t' tient del mesnÌ„ per mÌ„s les seruices que le mesne tient ouster de le snÌ„r paramount CoÌ„e si le t' tient del mesne ê‘ Homage fealtie et xx s. de rent annuelmÌ„t et le mesnÌ„ tieÌ„t ouster d' le seygnÌ„ paramount per homÌ„ fealty et xx s rent auxi cest appell Oweltie de seruices Oyer de recordes et faites c. OYer de Records et faits est si pur example vn acc ' de det soit port enuÌ„s vn hoÌ„e sur vn obligac ' et le defend't apê‘t al acc ' et doÌ„qÌ„s pria qÌ„ il poet oier lobligac ' ouesque q' le pl ' charge luy Issint est qnÌ„t executours port ' vn actyon de dette ' et le defendaunt demaunde oyer del testament sur cest demaunde il serra lectu al defendant Mes sil soit en vn auter terme ou apres qÌ„ le defendaunt ad imparle donqÌ„s il nauera le oyer Et issint come est dit de faites â—st deste intend de recordes que sount alledge enuers luy Pape PApe est vn aunc ' nosme fauxment arrogate ou hautmÌ„t vsurpe per le Euesque de le sole Cytye de Rome en Italy et est coÌ„munemeÌ„t appel en Angloys le Pope vn nosme veraymÌ„t mult frequent en nr'e auncien annales liuÌ„s specialmÌ„t en les temps de ceux roys qÌ„ux grauÌ„dmeÌ„t abandonans lour emperial aucthoritie et abasans eux mesmÌ„s mult debase lour estate ne fuer ' hont de vn alien et outlaÌ„dish Euesque qÌ„ eÌ„habit oust ' cinque diz cent miles d' eux deeÌ„ souer ' d'haut eux en lour dominioÌ„s demesne et de toller de eux non solemÌ„t le disposic ' de cert ' petit trifles d'nul accompt mes auxi l' nominatioÌ„ d' ArcheuesqÌ„s EuesqÌ„s Abbeis deanes prouosts appropriations de bnÌ„fices preseÌ„tatioÌ„s al personages vicarages et generalmeÌ„t de touts spirituel ê‘sons a lour preferments ascuÌ„ temps ê‘ laps ascun teÌ„ps aut ' mÌ„t ê‘ q' l' prerogatiue perishe del Royes fuit moult abridge deyns lour realmes demesne Partition PArtition est vn diuision d' terres discendus per le common ley ou per custoÌ„e perent ' coheires ou parceners ou ils fount deux al meynes soieÌ„t ils fites fil's so ers auntes ou autermeÌ„t de kyn al auncestour de que le terre disceÌ„d al eux Et cest particion est fayt quatuour voyes pur le plus part de q' troys lontal pleasure et per agreemeÌ„t perent ' eux le quart est ê‘ compulsion Vn particion per agrement est quant ils mÌ„s deuide le terre equalment en tauntes parts coÌ„e la soÌ„t d' eux co ê‘cenÌ„s et chescun de eslier share vn ou part leignee primerment et issint lun apÌ„s lauter coÌ„e ils sont de age sinon que le eignee per consent fayt le partic ' donque le election appertyent al prochein et issint al le eignee darreignemeÌ„t accord coÌ„e il est dyt Cuiê° est particio Alterius est electio Vn aut ' partitioÌ„â— agreemÌ„t eÌ„ qnÌ„t ils eslieu cert ' de lour amies de faire diuisioÌ„ pur eux Le tierce partition ê‘ agreeâ—t est ê‘ ti abens de lots issint primermeÌ„t de deuider le t're en tant des partes coÌ„e la souÌ„t parcenÌ„s doÌ„â—s a scriuer chescun part seuâ—ralmeÌ„t en vn petit scrolle ou peece de paper ou parchment et de mitt ' ceux scrols close en vn hat cappe ou auter tiel seÌ„blable chose et doÌ„ques chescun parcener vn apÌ„s lauter come ils sount de age atraher
alien being none of y â— Queenes enemies but am alien frend come dwel here in England and haue issue this issue is no alien but English so if an English man go ouer the Seas with the Quéenes licence there hath issue this issue is noe Alien Alienation ALienatioÌ„ is as much to say as to make a thing an other mans to alter or put the possession of land or other thing froÌ„ one man to an other Ambidexter AMbidexter is he that when a matter is in suite betwéene men taketh money of y â— one side of the other either to la bour the suit or such like or if he be of the iury to say his verdict Amendment AMendment is when errour is in the processe the Justices may a mend it after iudgment But if there be errour iâ— geuing of iudgment they may not amend it but y â— partie is put to his writ of error And in many cases where the defaut appereth in the clarke y â— writeth the Record it shal be amended but such things as come by Information of the partie as the towne mistery â–ª and such like shal not bée amended for he must informe true vpoÌ„ his peril Amercement AMercement most properly is that in a court Baron Leete or Law-day which in a court of Record before Justices is called a fine And is a penalty assessed by the homage for an offence doneagaist y â— same court as for lake of suit of court or for not amendinge of some thinge that he was appointed to redresse by a certeyne tyme at the last court day béefore or for such like cause Amercement Royal. AMercement Royal is when a sherife coroner or other such officer of y â— Quéene is amerced by the Justices for his abuse in the office An iour et wast AN iour et wast is a forfaiture wheÌ„ a maÌ„ hath coÌ„mitted petit Treason or felony hath landes which he holdeth of some comon person which shal be seised for the Quéene remaine in her handes by the space of one yere a day next after y â— attainder then the trées shal be digged vp the houses shal bee rased and pulled downe the pastures medows eared plowed vp a thinge the more to gréeue the offendors and terrefy others to fal into the like in shewing how the lawe doth detest their offence so farre foorth as that it doth execute iudgment punishment euen vpon their dome dead thinges Annuitie ANnuitie is a certeine suÌ„me of money graunted to an other in fee simple fâ—e taile for terme of life or for terme of yeres to receiue of the grauÌ„tor or his heires so that noe fréehold is charged therewith Appell APpell is where one hathdon murder robery or felonye then the wife of him that is slaine shal haue an accion of appeale against the murderer but if he haue noe wife then his next heire male shall haue the appeale at any time within the yere and day after y e déede And also he that is so robbed shall haue hys appeale with in y e same time And if the defeÌ„dant be acquited he shall recouer dammages agaynst the appellour thabettours and they shal haue thenprisonmeÌ„t of a yere shal make fine to y e kiÌ„g An appeale of mayhem is in maner but an accioÌ„ of trespas for he shal recouer but damages Appellant APpellant is y e plaintife in the appel Appellor APpellor or approuer is he who hath committed soÌ„e felony which he confesseth and nowe appelleth or approueth that is to say accuseth other that were coadintours or helpers w e him in doing the same or other felonies which thiÌ„g he wil approue therefore is called iÌ„ latin Probator Appendant et AppurtenaÌ„t APpendaÌ„t et appurtenÌ„t are things y e by time of prescripcioÌ„ haue beloÌ„ged pertained and are ioyned to an other principal thiÌ„g with which they passe goe as accessary to the same principal thing by vertue of these wordes Pertinencijs As laÌ„d aduowsoÌ„s ComoÌ„s Piscaries waies courts and diuers such like to a maner house office or such other Apportionment APporcionment is a deuiding into partes of a rent which is deuidable and not entier or whole and for so much as the thinge for which or of which it was to be paied is seperated and deuided the rent also shal be deuided hauing respect to the partes As if a man haue a rent seruice issuing out of lands and hâ—e purchaseth parcel of the land the rent shal be apporcioned according to the value of the land So if a man holde his lande of an other by Homage Fealtie Escuage and certeine rent if the Lorde of whome the lande is holden purchase parcel of the lande the rente shalbée apporcioned Also if a man let lands and goodes for yeares reseruinge rent and after a straÌ„ger recouereth the lande then the rent shalbée apportioned because the goodes are not recouered but remayne And soe it is if but part of the lande bée recouered the rent shalbée apportioned that is to say deuided and the lessée shal pay hauinge respect to y t which is recouered and to that which yet remaynes in hys handes accordinge to the value But a rent charge câ—not bee apportioned nor thinges that are entier as if one holde landes by seruice to paye to his Lorde yearelie at such a feaste a Horse a Hauke a Rose a Cherie or such lyke There if the Lorde purchase parcell of the lande that seruyce is gone altogether béecause a Horse a Hauke a Rose a Cherye and such other cannot bée deuided seuered nor apporcioned without hurt to the hole Appropriations APpropriatyons were when those houses of the Roomishe religion and those religious persons as Abbots Priours and such like had y â— aduowson of any personage to theÌ„ and to their successours and obtayned lycence of their holy father the Pope that they them selues and their successoures from thence foorth shoulde bée personnes there and serue the cure And so at the beginninge appropriations were made onely to those personnes spiritual that coulde minister the sacramentes and saye deuine seruice as Abbotes Pâ—â—oures Deanes such like after by lytle and litle they were enlarged and made to other as namelye to a Deane and Chapter which is a body corporate consisting of manye which bodye together coulde not say deuine seruice and what more was to Nunnes that were Prioresses of some Nunry which was a wicked thinge in soe much as they coulde neyther minister sacrameÌ„ts nor preach nor saye deuine seruice to y â— parishioners And al this was vppon pretence of hospitalitye and mayntenaunce thereof And to supply these defects a vicar was deuised whoe should be deputy to y e prioresse or to the Deane and chapter and also at the last to the sayed Abbots and others to say deuine seruice and should haue for his labor but a litle portion and they to whome the appropryation was made should retayne the great reuenues and they
dyd nothinge for it by meanes whereof hospitalyty decaied in the place where it ought to haue beÌ„ chefelye mayntained namelye in the parishe where the benefice was and where the profites dyd growe so it continueth to this day to y â— great hinderance of lerninge y â— empouerishmeÌ„t of y â— ministery y â— infamy of y â— gospel professor therof Approouement APprouemeÌ„t is wher a man hath common in the lords wast grouÌ„d and the Lorde encloseth part of the wast for himselfe leapinge neuer the lesse sufficient comon w t egresse regresse for the coÌ„moners This enclosinge is called approouement Arbiterment ARbiterment is an awarde determination or iudgement which one or moe maketh at the request of ij parties at the least for vpoÌ„ some det trespas or other controuersie had betwéene the sayed parties And this is called in latin Arbitratus and arbitrium and they that make y e award or arbiterment are called Arbitri in english Arbitrators Arest ARest is when one is taken and resirayned from his libertye none shal be arrested for debt trespas detinue or other cause of action but by vertue of precepte or coÌ„maundemeÌ„t out of some court But for treason felony or breaking of the peace euery maÌ„ hath aucthority to arest without warrant or precept and wher one shal be arrested for felony it behooueth y â— there hath bene some felony done and that he be suspected of y e same felonye or otherwise hée may haue against hym that soe did arest him a writte of false imprisonment Arrerages ARrerages are duities behinde vnpayed after the dayes and tymes in which they were due and ought to haue ben payed whether they be reÌ„t of a maner orany other thing reserued Assets ASsets is in ij sortes the one called Assets per discent the other Assets enter maynes Assets per discent is where a man is bound in an obligation and dieth seised of laÌ„ds in fée simple which discend to his heire but maketh no executors or if he make executors leaueth not sufficient goods to discharge this obligation theÌ„ this land shal be called assets that is to say enough or sufficient to pay the same det and by that meanes the heire shal bee charged as farre as the lande soe to hym dyscended wyll stretch But if he haue aliened before the obligation be put in suite hée is discharged Also when a man seysed of laÌ„ds in taile or in y e right of his wife alieneth the same witt warrantie and hath in value as much land in fée simple which discendeth to hys heire who is also heire in taile or heire to y e woman Nowe if the heire after the discease of his auncestour bring a writ of formedon or sur Cui in vita for the lande so aliened then hée shalbée barred by reason of the warranty y e land so disceÌ„ded which is as much in value as that that was sold so thereby hée hath receiued noe preiudice therefore this land is called Assets per disceÌ„t Assets ent ' mains is wheÌ„ a man indebted as before is said maketh executors leaueth to theÌ„ sufficient to pay or some coÌ„moditie or profit is coeÌ„ to theÌ„ in right of their testator this is said asâ—â—ts iÌ„ their haÌ„ds Assignee ASsignee is he to whoÌ„ a thing is appointed or assigned to be occupyed paied or don and is alwaies such a persoÌ„ which occupieth or hath y â— thing so assigned in his owne right for him selfe And of assignées there bée ii sorts NaÌ„ely assignee in déed and assignée in law Assignée in déed is when a leas is grauÌ„ted to a maÌ„ to his assignées or with out those words assignées y â— grantee giueth grauÌ„teth or felleth the same leas to an other he is his assignée in déede Assignée in law is euery executor named by y â— testator iÌ„ his testameÌ„t as if a leas be made to a maÌ„ to his assignées as is aforesaid he maketh his executours dieth w tout assignemeÌ„t of the leas to any other nowe y e executors shal haue y e saÌ„e leas because they are his assignées in law so it is in diuers other like cases Attainder ATtainder is a coÌ„uiction of any person of a cryme or fault whereof he was not coÌ„uiet before as if a man haue coÌ„mitted felony Treason or such like therof is endited arraigned fouÌ„d giltie hath iudgment then he is said to be attainted And this may be ii ways the one vpon apparance the other vpon default The attainder vppon apparance is by confession Battaile or verdict The attainder vppon default is by processe Auerment AUerment is where a man pleadeth a plée in abatement of the writ or barre of the accion which hée sayth hée is ready to proue as the court wil award this offer to proue his plée is called an auerment Auerpeny AUerpeny that is to bée quite of diuers suÌ„mes of money for the kinges auerages Auncien demesne AUncien demesne are certein tenures holden of those mannours that were in the haÌ„ds of saint Edward the confessour and the which hée made to be written in a booke called Domes day subtitulo regis and all the lands holden of the sayd manours be auncien demesne and the tenaunts shal not be impleded out of the said manor and if they bée they may shew the matter and abate the writte but if they aunswere to the writte and iudgment be geuen then the lands become franke see for euer Also the tenauntes in auncien demesne be free of tolle for al things coÌ„cerning their sustenaÌ„ce husbandry in auncien demesne for such lands they shall not be put or impaneled vpoÌ„ any enquest But all the lands in auncieÌ„ demesne that are in the Kynges hands be franke fée and pledable at the common lawe See more after in the title Sokmanes Auowry AUowry is where one taketh a distresse for rent or other thing the other sueth a repleuin theÌ„ he y t hath takeÌ„ it shal iustify in his plee for what cause he tooke it and so auowe the taking and y t is called his auowry Baile BAile is when a man is taken or arrested for felony suspicion of felony endited of felony or any such case so that hée is restrained of his libertie And beinge by lawe baileable offreth suerty to those that haue aucthoritie to baile him which suerties are bounde for him to the Quéenes vse in a certeine suÌ„me of money or body for body y t he shall appere before the Justices of gaole deliuery at y â— next sessioÌ„ c. TheÌ„ vpon the bonds of these suerties as is aforesayd he is bailed that is to say set at libertie vntyll the day appointed for his apparance Bailement BAilement is a deliuery of things whether it be of writings goods or stuffe to an other some times to be redeliuered backe to y â— bailor y t is to say to him y t so deliuered it
it should come in y ◠sence as wée there take it For accordinge to the proper significatiō mulier is a defiled woman like as it is vsed by vlpianus in a certen place after this sort if I thought that I had bought a virgin when it was a defiled woman the bargayne was not good Hereby you may sée y t multer is a woman that hath had y e company of a man But to leaue the right signification Mulier is taken in our law for one that is lawfully begotten and borne and is alwayes vsed in comparison with a bastarde onely to shewe a difference betwene thē as thus for example A man hath a sonne by a woman before mariage that issue is called a bastard and vnlawful And after they entermary and haue an other sonne this second sonne is called mulier that is to say lawfull and shalbée heire to hys father but that other cannot bée heire to any manne because it is not knowen nor certen in the iudgement of the lawe who was hys father and for that cause is sayd to bée no mannes sonne or y e sonne of the people and so wythout father according to this old verse To whom the people father is to him is father none and all To whom the people father is wel fatherlesse wée may him cal And alwaies you shal find this addition to thē bastard eldest mulier yongest when they bée compared together Murder MUrder is a wilful killinge of a man vppon malice forethought and seemeth to comeof the Saxon woord Mordren which so signifieth And Mordridus is the murderer euen vntil this day amonge them in Sexonie from whence wée haue most of our words as hath byn often said Negatiua preignans NEgatiua preignans is when an action or information or such like is brought against one and the defendant pleadeth in barre of the actyon or otherwyse a negatiue plea whych is not soe specyall an answere to the actyon but that it includeth also an affirmatiue As for example if hée in reuersion enter vppon tenant for life supposinge that hée hath aliened in fee which is a forfaiture of hys estate and the tenaunt for life saith that hée hath not aliened in fée this is a negatyue wherein is included an affirmatiue for although it bée true that he haue not aliened in fée yet it may bée that hée hath made an estate in tayle whych is also a forfayture and then the entry of hym in the reuersion is lawefull c. Also in a Quare impedit the Quéene makes tytle to present to a Prebende for that the Temporaltyes of the Bishoprick were in her hāds by the death of W. late Bishop c. The defendant saith that it was not voyd being the temporalties in the Quéens handes by the death of W. this is a negatiue preignans for it may bée in the Quéenes hāds otherwyse then by the death of W. and it suffiseth the Quéene if it bée in her handes by any meanes c. Soe it is where an Information was brought in the Cheker against John Stile for that he bought wooll beetwéene shering time and the Assumptyon such a yeare of John N. The defendaunt sayth that hée dyd not buy any of John N. as it is alledged c. this is called a negatiue preignans for if he bought it of any other yet hée is culpable for the buyinge Niefe NIefe is a womā that is bonde or a vyllen woman but if shée mary a frée manne shee is thereby made frée for euer although y t her husbande die and she suruiue hym because that shée and her husband are but one person in lawe and shée ought to bée of the same nature and condytion in law to al intents that her husband is But her husband is frée to all intentes without any condityon in lawe or otherwise and so by consequens the wife ought to bée and is frée according to y ◠nature of her frée husband then if she were once frée and clerely discharged of bōdage to al entents she cānot be niefe after w tout especial act done by her as diuorce or cōfessiō in court of Record and that is in fauour of liberty therefore a frée woman shal not be bounde by taking of a villē to her husband But their issue shal bée villens as their father was which is contrary to the Ciuile lawe for there it is said y ◠birth followeth the belly Bōdage or villenage had beginninge amonge y ◠Hebrewes his original proceding of Canaan y ◠sōne of Cham who because that hée had mocked his father Noe to scorne lying desolutly whē he was drunke was punished in his sonne Chanaan w t penalty of bondage Nihil dicit NIhil dicit is when an action is brought against a man the defēdant appéeres the plaintife declares the defendant wil not aunswere or pleades to the action doth not maintaine hys plea but makes defaut nowe vpon this defaut he shal be condemned because he saith nothing Nomination NOmination is where one may in right of his maner or otherwise nominate and appoint a worthy clarke or man to a personage vicarage or such like spiritual promotion Nonabilitie NOnabylitye is where an action is broughte against one and the defendaunt saieth that the playntife is not able to sue any action and demaundeth iudgement if hée shal bee aunswered There are vj. causes of nonability in the pleintife as if he bée an outlawe or an alien borne but that dysabilitye is in actiōs reales and mixt onely and not in actyons personalles except hee be an alien enemye or condempned in premunire or professed in religion that is to saye the Roomish religion or accursed or a villen and sueth hys Lorde but this last is noe ple for an other y ◠is not lord to the villen Bare or naked Contract BAre Contract or naked promise is where a manne bargaineth or selleth his lāds or goods or promiseth to geue to one money or a horse or to builde a house or doe such a thinge at such a daye and there is no recompence appoynted to him for the doinge therof As if one saye to an other I sel or geue to you al my landes or goodes and there is nothing appoynted assigned or agréed vppon what the other shal giue or pay for it so y t there is not one thinge for an other this is a naked contract and voyde in lawe for not perfourmaunce thereof noe action lyeth for of a naked cōtract commeth noe action Oredelfe O Redelfe is where one claimes to haue y ◠ore that is founde in his soile or ground Outfanthefe OUtfangthiefe that is y ◠theues orfelōs of your lād or fée out of your lād or fée taken w t felony or a stealing shal be brought backe to your court and there iudged Owelte OWelte is when there is Lorde mesne tenant and y e tenaunt holdeth of the mesne by the same seruices that the meane
q' le pl ' deuant ceo port vn acc ' pur mÌ„ le trnÌ„s en auter court et recouer damÌ„ c. Et dd ' iudgemeÌ„t del court sil auera arrere cest actyon c. Et le playntife dit nul tiel recorde sur que le def ad iour done a luy pur amesner eins le record a qÌ„ iour il fayle ou amesne eins vn tiel q' neÌ„ barr ' al cest action doÌ„ques il est dit de fayler de recorde et sur ceo le playntife auera iudgment de recouer c. Fayt FAyt est vn proue et testimonie de le agreement del partie que fayt il est al chose contayne en le fayt Come vn fayt de feoffemeÌ„t est vn proue del liuery de seisin car le terre passa per la liuerie de seysin mes quant le fayt et le lyuerie est ioint ensemble cest vn proue del liuerie et que le feoffour est content que le feoffee auera le terre Et nota que toutes faits sount ou indent de qÌ„ il ad deux troys ou plusours come le case require de que le feoffor grauntor ou lessour ad vn le feoffee grauÌ„tee ou lessee vn aut ' et peraduent ' asc ' auter person auxi vn aut ' c. ou autermeÌ„t ils sont fayts pol ou single et forsque vn le qÌ„l le feoffee grauntee ou lessee ad c. Et chescun fait consist de troys principal choses et sils troys ne sount ioine ensemble il nest perfect fait de lier les parties nosment escripture sigillation et deliuerie Le primer point est escripture ê‘ q' est declar ' les nosmes del ê‘ties al fait lour habytatioÌ„ lour degrees le chose graÌ„t sur qÌ„ux coÌ„siderac ' lestate limit le temps quant il fuit graunt et si simplemÌ„t ou sur condition oue auters tiels semblables circuÌ„stances mes si les parties al fayt escript en le fine lour nosmes demesnÌ„ ou mise a ceo lour markes coÌ„e il est coÌ„munement vse il ne fait ascuÌ„ matt ' coÌ„e ieo suppose car ceo nest entende ou il est dit que chescuÌ„ fait couient de auer escripture Le seconde poynt est Sigillation que est pl ' testimony de lour consents al ceo containe en le fait come appiert per ceux ê‘olx In cuius rei testimonium c. touts foites mise en le finÌ„ d' fayts sâ—uns queux parolx le fayt est insuffycient Et pur ceo q' noê° sumê° eÌ„ sigillat ' et sining de faits il ne serra de hors frere Nich. icy a mr'e a vous pur l' amour de antiquitie le manÌ„ de signing et subscribing de faits en nr ' auncestors les Saxons temps vn fashioÌ„ differeÌ„t de ceo que nous vse en ceux nr ' iours en c ' q' ils a lour fayts subscribe lour nosmes coÌ„munemÌ„t adding l' signe del crosse et en le fine mise vn grauÌ„d number des testimonies nyent vsant a cel temps ascun maner de sigil Et nous a cest iour pur plus suertie auxibien subscribe nostre nosmes nient obstant cÌ„ nest mult necessar ' coÌ„e ieo ay deuaÌ„t dit mise nr ' sigils et vse le aide de testimoignes auxy Cest primer fashion ount contynuaunce per tout tanque al temps del conqÌ„st per les NormaÌ„s que maners per petit et petit al darrayne preuayle eÌ„ter nous Car le primer Charter sigil en Engleterre est pense deste ceo del roy Ed. le confessor al Abbey de West minster que esteaunt educate en Normandy port en cest realme ceo et ascun auter d' lour guises oue luy Et apres le veniaÌ„s de Guillam le CoÌ„queror les Normans estemans de le custome de lour paies come naturalment toutes nations fount reiect le manner que lâ—s trouoÌ„t cy et reteinÌ„ lour proper come Ingulphus le Abbot de Croyland que vyent eins oue le conquest testimoygne disens NormaÌ„ni cheirographoruÌ„ confectionem cum crucib aureis et alijs signaculis sacris in Anglia firmari solitaÌ„ in cerae impressioneÌ„ mutant moduÌ„que scribendi AnglicuÌ„ reijciunt Mes nieÌ„t obst ' ceo ne fuit fait tout al vn teÌ„ps mes il eÌ„crease et vient eins ê‘ certein steps et degrees issint que primes et pur vn season le roy solemeÌ„t ou vn peu auters d' le nobility oustr ' luy vse de sigiller donques le noble homes pur le plê° part et nul auters qÌ„l chose vn hoÌ„e poet voier en le history de Battel Abbey ou Richard Lucy chief Iustice de Engleterre en l' temps del roy Henry le seconde est report d' auer blame vn meanÌ„ subiect pur ceo que il vse vn priuate sigill quant ceo pertayne come il dist al roy et nobility sol'ment Al qÌ„l teÌ„ps auxi coÌ„e Iohn Rosse note ceo ils vse de ingraue en lour sigils lour pictures demesnÌ„ et couÌ„terfaits couer oue vn loÌ„ge tunicle suê‘ lour Armours Mes apres ceo les Gentlehomes del meliour sort prist le fashion et pur ceo q'ils ne fueront touts guerrours ils fesoient sigilles engraue oue lour seuerall coates ou shieldes de armes pur difference coÌ„e mÌ„ le authour report Al darraigne al teÌ„ps del roy Edward le tierce sigils fueroÌ„t mult coÌ„mon issint que non solemeÌ„t tiels que portant armes vse de sigiller mes auters hoÌ„es auxi fesoyent al eux mÌ„s signets de lour deuise demesne ascuns prendrans les letters de lour nosmes demÌ„ ascuÌ„s flores ascuns et florishes ascuns aues ou beasts et ascuÌ„s autets choses come noê° ore vnc ' iournalment voier eÌ„ vse AscuÌ„s aut ' manÌ„ d' sigillac ' ouster ceux ad eeÌ„ over enter nous coÌ„e nosmeÌ„t ceo de roy Ed. le 3. p qÌ„l il doÌ„e Al NormaÌ„ l' huÌ„t ' le hop et le hop ville oue touts le boÌ„ds vpside dovvne Et en Testmoyne q' il soyt veray il morde l' cere oue son fong deut Le semblable de ceÌ„ srere Nicholas nr ' e reuerend bon pier enter auters antiquities pur ma purpose monstre a moy en vn loose cart mes non moult auncientmÌ„t escript et pur cÌ„ il voile q' ieo esteema de ceo come ieo pense bien il fuit come ensue Ieo Guillam King done a vous powlen Royden ma hope et ma hop terres oue touts les boundes vp et dovvne de ceole al terre de terre al infernÌ„ pur voy et vr'es a demÌ„rer de moy et mes al toy et vr's pur vn arke et vn brode arrowe when I come to hunt vppon yarrowe In witnesse that