charges or lesse if he accept it do not appear to give his testimony he forfeits 10 l. to the party dampnified and must recompence his dammages 5 Eliz. 9. If a Witness commit wilful perjury he looseth 20 l. shall be imprisoned 6. months without bail stand in the Pillory and be disabled to be a Witness so shall the suborner who procures the perjury 5 Eliz. 9. Records Records prove themselves and cannot be proved by Witnesses but Copies of them must and are good Evidence and so may any thing done in the County-Court Court-Baron or Hundred-Court c. be proved by Witnesses A Fine Fine or common Recovery may be given in Evidence though it be not under the great Seal or Seal of the Court and without vouching the Roll of the Recovery and the part indented is the usuall Evidence that there is such a Fine though they which saw the Fine are also good Evidence Plow 410. Stiles 22. Depositions Depositions in the Ecclesiastical Court cannot be given in Evidence though parties be dead March 120. A Defendants answer in an English Court is good Evidence against him but not against others Godbolt 326. Where the Evidence proves the effect and substance of the Issue it is good As upon plene administravit if it be proved that the Execution hath goods of the Testators in his hands Assets he may give in Evidence that he hath paid of his own money for the Testator to the value of those goods Co. Lit. 283. So if a Lease Lease be pleaded a Lease upon Condition is good Evidence H. 8. 20. because the Genus comâ—rehends the Species So of a Feoffment pleaded a Feoffment upon Condition or a Fine which is Feoffment of Record is good Eâ—â—dence 44 E. 3. 39. A speciall Agréement is evidence for an agréement Plo. 8. But if a Feoffment Feoffment be pleaded in Fée upon Issue non feoffavit modo forma a Feoffment upon Condition is no Evidence because it â—oth not answer the Issue and â—heresoever Evidence is contrary to the Issue and doth not maintain it the Evidence is not good 11 H. 4 3. Feoffments 41. Vpon an Assumpsit to the Husband an Assumpsit Assumpsit to the Wife and his agreement is good Evidence 27 H. 8. 29. In Challenge Challenge to the Array because made at the denomination of the Sheriffs Clerk Evidence at his Bayliffs denomination is good because favourably made is the substance 38 H. 6. 9. If the Issue be a Suit against an Executor Administrator â—r Heir Assets Assets in London to prove Assets in any other place is sufficient li. 6. 47. Dyer 271. Accompt Accompt pleaded before two Accompt before one is good Evidence Hob. 55. because the Accompt is the substance Vpon the general Issue the Defendant may give any thing in Evidence What Evidence upon the generall Issue which proves the Plaintiff hath no cause of Action or which doth intitle the Defendant to the thing in question But if he hath cause of justification or excuse it must be pleaded wherefore upon non detinet in detinue the Defendant may give in Evidence a gift from the Plaintiff for that proveth that he doth not detain the Plaintiffs goods Detinue but he cannot give in Evidence that the Goods were vawned to him for money and that it is not paid but he must plead it 1 Inst 283. Vpon Not guilty in Battery In Battery Son assault demesne is no Evidence for thereby the Battery is confessed Ib. neither is Not guilty good Evidence â—pon Son assault demesne Vpon Not guilty in Trespass Trespass Insufficiency of the Plaintiffs mounds or to justifie for a Rent-Charge Common or the like is no good Evidence Ib. So upon the Plea Nul wast fait in 〈◊〉 Action of Wast Wast he may give in evidence any thing that proveth it 〈◊〉 Wast as by Tempest by Lightâ—ing by Enemies c. But he cannot give in Evidence any justifiable Wast as to repair the House or the like nor a reparation of the Wast before the Action brought Ib. Vpon non est factum Non est factum 'T is no Evidence to shew that the Bond was made upon an usurious Contract or that the Sheriffs name is mistaken c. in a Bail-Bond or that the Bond is joynt or that it is void by Statute But it must be pleaded in abatement Ib. Hob. 72. But to prove that the Seal was broken off and put on again or to prove a Rasure of the Déed this is good Evidence li. 5. 119. 11. 27. If 't were done before the Action brought but if the Seal was broke off c. by chance after Issue joyned the Iury may finde it specially Vpon Not guilty in Trover Trover and Conversion a Demand and denyall of the Goods is good Evidence Plo. 14. li. 10. 57. Cro. 1 part ult pub 495. Hob. 187. Vpon plene administravit Plene Administravit the Executor cannot give a Iudgement in Evidence Kelw. 59. nor payment of Debts by Contract in debt brought upon an Obligation upon nil debet in Debt for Rent That the Lessor entred into part of the Land is no good Evidence Goldf 81. But non demisit is 9 H. 7. 3. Vpon Not guilty in an Action upon the Statute de parco fracto Parco fracto That the Plaintiff hath no Park is good Evidence 19 H. 8. 9. So upon Not guilty in Trespas in the Plaintiffs Warren Warren Evidence that he hath no Warren is good 10 H. 6. 17. Kitchin 119. A Shop-book Shop-books no evidence after a year 7 Jac. cap. 12. In debt for Arrerages of an accompt Accompt upon Nil debot modo forâ—â— No accompt is good Evidence 1 H. 6. 26. Vpon Not guilty in trespas a Loase for years 12 H. 8. 2. or that locus in quo Trespass c. is the Freehold of another 4 E. 4. 5. is good evidence but upon this he cannot â—â—â—tifie his entry upon the place by a strangers Licence or Command be generall Issue 81. because this is a Iustification by way of excuse â—either is a Lease at Will good evidence in this case So upon not guilty in trespass Not guilty in Trespass for goods 't is good evidence that the goods were a strangers 9 H. 6. 11. But that they were a strangers and that he as Servant to the stranger or by his commandment took them from the Plaintiff is not good br generall Issue 81. because the trespass is confessed But that the stranger gave them to the Defendant is good 9 H. 6. 11. If the Defendant plead payment to a Bond or Bill Payment by presumption and it appeares the debt is very old and it hath not â—éen demanded nor any use paid for it many years common presumption is good evidence that the money is paid and the Juries use to finde for the Defendants in
battery of the feme ad dampnum ipsorum the Defendant Quoad the Clausum fregit pleaded Not guilty Quoad the Battery justifies And for the first Issue it was found for the Defendant And for the second for the Plaintiff and now moved in arrest of Iudgment that the Declaration is not good because the Baron joyns the feme with him in trespass de clauso fracto of the Barons Baron Feme which ought not to be But for the Battery of the feme they may joyn whereto all the Court agreed But it was moved that in regard it was found against the Plaintiffs for this Issue in which they ought not to joyn and the Defendant is thereof acquitted and the Issue is found against the Defendant for that part wherein they ought to joyn This Verdict hath discharged the Declaration for that part which is ill and is good for the residue As in 9 E. 4. 51. Trespas by Baron and Feme for the battery of both The Defendant pleaded Not guilty and found guilty and damages assessed for the Battery of the Baron by its self and for the Battery of the Feme by its self and Iudgment was given for the damages for the battery of the feme the Writ abated for the residue And of that opinion was Lea Chief Justice Doderidge al. contra And the same Law I conceive if the Iury had found the Defendant Not guilty of the battery to the Husband but guilty to the Wife Cro. 2. part 655. Rochel and his Wife Rochel and his Wife against Steel brought an action of trespass and assault in the Exchequer Hill 16. 59. against Steel and others who pleaded Not guilty and the Verdict found Steel guilty of the Battery to the Wife but â—â—und nothing concerning the Husband Wherefore Iudgment was stayd but the Barons held that if the Iury had found the Defendants not guilty as to the Husband then the Verdict had helped the Declaration and the Plaintiff should have had Iudgment for the damages for the battery of the Wife Of what a Verdict may be The Iury may finde any thing that may be given in Evidence to them as Records either Patent Statute or Iudgment Things done in another County Plo. Com. 411. or Country for which sée Evidence before Hob. 227. And of these things they ought to have Conusance they are to have Conusance also of all Incidents Incidents and dependants thereupon for an Incident is a thing necessarily depending upon another Co. Littleton 227. b. The Verdict may be against the Letter of the Issue so the substance is found If the matter and substance of the Issue be found it is sufficient though it be against the Letter of the Issue As in the first Institutes fo 114. b. A modus decimandi was alledged by prescription time out of minde for Tythes of Lambs And thereupon Issue ioyned And the Iury found that before twenty years then last past there was such a prescription Prescription and that for these twenty years he had payd Tythe Lamb in specie And it was objected first that the Issue was found against the Plaintiff for that the prescription was generall for all the time of the prescription and 20. years fail thereof 2. That the party by payment of Tythes in specie had waved the prescription or custome But it was adjudged for the Plaintiff for albeit the modus decimandi had not béen payd by the space of twenty years yet the prescription being found the substance of the Issue is found for the Plaintiff In Assise of Darrein Presentment if the Plaintiff alledge the avoydance of the Church by privation Avoydance and the Jury finde the voydance by death the Plaintiff shall have judgement for the manner of voydance is not the title of the Plaintiff but the voydance is the matter 1 Instit 282. If a Gardein of an Hospitall bring an Assise against the Ordinary Deprivation he pleadeth that in his visitation he deprived him as Ordinary whereupon Issue is taken and it is found that he deprived him as Patron the Ordinary shall have judgement for the deprivation is the substance of the matter Ib. The Lessée Covenants with the Lessor not to cut down any Trées c. and binds himself in a Bond of 40. pounds for the performance of Covenants The Lessée cut down 10. Breach of 20. Trees cut down for 10. Trées the Lessor bringeth an action of debt upon the Bond and assigneth a breach that the Lessée cut down 20. Trées whereupon Issue is joyned and the Jury finde that the Lessée cut down ten Judgment shall be given for the Plaintiff for sufficient matter of the Issue is found for the Plaintiff to forfeit the Bond. Ib. And this Rule holds in Criminall Causes For if A. be appealed or indicted of Murder viz. that he of malice prepensed killed J. A. pleadeth that he is not guilty Modo forma Indictment of Murder and Verdict findes Manslaughter yet the Jury may finde the Defendant guilty of Man-slaughter without malice prepensed because the killing of J. is the matter and malice prepensed is but a Circumstance Plo. Com. 101. And generally where modo forma Modo forma are not of the substance of the Issue but words of form there it sufficeth though the Verdict doth not finde the precise Issue As if a man bring a Writ of Entry in casu proviso of the Alienation made by the Tenant in Dower to his disinheritance and counteth of the alienation made in Fée and the Tenant saith that he did not alien in Manner as the Demandant hath declared Alienation and upon this they are at Issue and it is found by Verdict that the Tenant aliened in tail or for terme of another mans life The Demandant shall recover yet the alienation was not in manner as the Demandant hath declared Littleton Sect. 483. Also if there be Lord Tenant the Tenant hold of the Lord by fealty onely the Lord distrain the Tenant for Rent and the Tenant bringeth a Writ of Trespas against his Lord Trespass by the Tenant against the Lord. for his Cattel so taken and the Lord plead that the Tenant holds of him by fealty and certain Rent and for that Rent behinde he came to distrain c. And demand Iudgement of the Writ brought against him Quare vi armis c. And the other saith that he doth not hold of him in manner as he supposed and upon this they are at Issue And it is found by Verdict that he holdeth of him by fealty onely in this case the Writ shall abate and yet he â—oth not hold of him in manner as the Lord hath said For the matter of the Issue is whether the Tenant holdeth of him or no for if he holdeth of him although that the Lord distrain the Tenant for other services which he ought not to have yet such
have the better and more certain knowledge of the fact And if the fact be alledged in quadam platea vocat Kingstreet in parochia sanctae Margaretae in Com. Midd. In this Case the Visne cannot come out of Platea Parish because it is neither Town Parish Hamlet nor place out of the Neighbour-hood whereof a Jury may come by Law but in this Case it shall not come out of Westminst but out of the Parish of St. Margaret because that is the most certain But therein also it is to be noted that if it had béen alledged in Kingstreet in the Parish of St. Margaret in the County of Middlesex then should it have came out of Kingstreet for then should Kingstreet have béen estéemed in Law a Town For whensoever a place is alledged generally in pleading without some addition to declare the contrary as in this Case it is it shall be taken for a Town Town And albeit parochia Parochia generally alledgeâ— is a place incertain and and may as we sée by experieâ—ce include divers Towns yet if a matter be alledged in parochia it shall be intended in Law that it containeth no more Towns than one unless the party do shew the contrary More 55â— But when a Parish is alledged within a City there without question the Visne shall come out of the Parish for that is more certain than the City If a Trespass be alledged in D. and nul tiel ville is pleaded the Jury shall come de Corpore Comitatus De Corpora Comitatus But if it be alledged in S. D. and nul tiel ville de D. is pleaded The Jury shall come out de vicineto de S. For that is the more certain so if a matter be alledgd within a Mannor Manner the Jury shall come de vicineto Manerii But if the Mannor be alledged within a Town it shall come out of the Town because that is most certain for the Mannor may extend into divers Towns And all these points were resolved by all the Judges of England upon Conference betwéen them in the Case of John Arundell Esq indicted for the death of William Parker De Corpore Com. Where there may be a speciall Visne the Tryal shall never be de Corpore Comitatus Leon. 1 part 109. In a reall Action where the Demandant demands Land in one County Heir tryed where the Land lies where not as Heir to his Father and alledges his Birth in another County if it be denyed that he is Heir it shall not be tryed where the Birth is alledged but where the Land lyeth For there the Law presumes it shall be best known who is Heir But if the Defendant make himself Heir to a Woman for that is the surer and more certain side and the Mother is certain when perhaps the Father is incertain and therefore there it shall be tryed where the Birth is alledged Cro. 3. part 818. Cro. 2. part 303. because they have more certain Conusance then where the Land lyeth And so it is where Bastardy Bastardy is alledged the Tryal shall be in like Case Mutatis Mutandis If the man plead the Kings Letters Patents Non concessit where the Land lies and the other party plead non concessit it shall not be tryed where the Letters bear date for they cannot be denyed but where the Land lyeth Every Tryal must come out of the Neighbour-hood of a Castle Mannor Town or Hamlet Visne or place known out of a Castle Mannor Town or Hamlet as some Forrests and the like as before Every Plea concerning the person Plaintiff Where the Writ is brought at Common-Law c. shall be tryed where the Writ is brought When the matter alledged extendeth into a place at the Common Law and a place within a Franchise it shall be tryed at the Common-Law Matters done beyond Sea may be tryed in England and therefore a Bond made beyond Sea Matters done beyond Sea how tryable in England may be alleadged to be made in any place in England if it beat date in no place But if there be a place as at Burdeaux in France then it shall be alleadged to be made in quodam loco vocat Burdeaux in France in Islington in the County of Middlesex and from thence shall come the Jury 1 Inst 261. Lach 4. and 5. So if the Tenant plead that the Demandant is an Alien Alien born under the Obedience of the French King and out of the Legiance of the King of England the Demandant may reply that he was born at such a place in England within the Kings Legiance and hereupon a Jury of 12. men shall be charged and if they have sufficient Evidence that he was born in France or in any other place out of the Realm then shall they finde that he was born out of the Kings Allegiance And if they have sufficient Evidence that he was born in England or Ireland or Jernsey or Jersey or elsewhere within the Kings Obedience they shall finde that he was born within the Kings Legiance And this hath ever béen the pleading and manner of Tryal in that Case So of other things done beyond Sea Things done beyond Sea the adverse party may alledge them to be done at such a place in England from whence the Iury shall come and in a Speciall Verdict Lib. 7.26 they may finde the things done beyond Sea Ib. lib. 7.26 So when part of the act is done in England and part out of the Realm Part without the Realm and part within that part that is to be performed out of the Realm if Issue be taken thereupon shall be tryed here by 12. men and they shall come out of the place where the Writ or Action is brought Ib. lib. 6.48 Error Full age tryed where the Land lies for that Iudgment was given by default against the Defendant being an Infant Issue was taken that he was of full age And Godfrey moved whether the Tryal should be in Norfolk where the Land was or in Middlesex where the Action was brought And the Court held that it should be tryed in the County where the Land lay and Tanfield said It was so adjudged in the Kings Bench betwéen Throgmotton and Burfind Cro. 3. part 818. If the Venue arise in two Counties the Iury upon 2. Venire facias shall come from both This is called a Joynder of Counties Finch 410. 6. out of one County and 6. from the other Cro 3. part 646. but by consent of parties entred upon Record it may be by 5. out of one and 7. from the other Jury out of two Counties as appears Cro. 3. part 471. where in Replevin the Defendant avows for damage fesant The Plaintiff by his Replication claims common by prescription in loco quo c. being Broadway in the County of Worcester appurtenant to his Mannor of D. in the County of Gloucester and Issue
of Error was brought and the Iudgeâ—ent affirmed For as in reall actioâ—s the Demandant shall not count to Damages c. because it is incertain to what sum the damages will amount by reason he is to recover damages pendant le briefe so in the case of Costs he shall recover for the expences depenâ—ing the suit which being uncertain cannot be comprehended in the Count because the Count extends to damages past Damages in reall and personall actions and not to expences of suit For in personall actions he counts to damages because he shall recover damages onely for the wrong done before the Writ brought and shall not recover damages for any thing pendant le briefe But in reall actions the Demandant never counts to damages because he is to recover damages also pendant le briefe which are incertain The Iury may if they will assess the damages and costs intirely together Damages and Costs intirely assessed without making any distinction 18 E. 4. 23. But then they must not assess more damages and costs then the damages are which the Plaintiff counts to for if they do the Plaintiff shall recover onely so much as he hath declared for without any increase of cost because the Court cannot distinguish how much they intended for cost and how much for damages As in 1â— H. 7. 16. 17. One Darrel brought a Writ of Trespass and counted to his damage 20. marks the Defendant pleaded not guilty and the Iury taxed the damages and costs of suit joyntly to 22. marks and the Verdict was held to be good for 20. marks and void for the residue because it doth not appear how much was intended for damages and how much for costs so that there may be more damages then the Plaintiff declared for or lesse and so the Court knowes not 〈◊〉 to increase the cost whereâ—â—e he shall have Iudgement but â—20 marks by reason of the inâ—â—â—tainty Where a special Verdict is not â—â—tred according to the Notes Verdict amended by the notes the â—â—cord may be amended and made â—grée with the notes at any time â—â—ugh it be 3 or 4 c. Termes afâ—â—r it is entred lib. 4. 52. lib. 8. 162. â—â—o 1 part 145. If the matter Form Hob. 54. and substance of â—â—e Issue be found it is sufficient â—â—r precise forms are not required â—â—y Law in special Verdicts which â—â—e the finding of Lay-men as in Pleadings which are made by men â—urned in the Law and therefore â—tendment in many cases shall â—â—lp a special Verdict as much as 〈◊〉 Testament Arbitrament c. And therefore he which makes a Deputy ought to do it by Escript but when the Iury finde generally that A. was Deputy to B. all necessary incidents are found by this and upon the matter they finde that he was made Deputy by Déed because it doth tantamount lib. 9.51 And in the 5th Report Goodales Case It was resolved That all matters in a special Verdict shall be intended and supplyed but only that which the Iury refer to the Consideration of the Court. III conclusion In all Cases where the Iury finde the matter committed to their charge at large and over more conclude against Law the Verdict is good More 105. 269. and the conclusion ill li. 4. 42. and the Iudges of the Law will give Iudgement upon the speciall matter according to the Law without having regard to the conclusion of the Iury who ought not to take upon them Iudgment of the Law li. 11. 10. Where the Dâ—claration in Trespas is Cum aliquibus averiis As generall as the Narr of a number uncertain and the Verdict is as generall as the Declaration cum aliquibus averiis there the Verdict is good Cro. 2. part 662. In Ejectione â—irme where the Plaintiff declared of a Messuage and 300 Acres of Pasture in D. per nomina of the Mannor of Monkhall and five Closes per non ina c. upon Not guilty the Iury gave a special Verdict viz. quoad four Closes of Pasture containing by Estimation 2000 Acres of Pasture that the Defendant was Not guilty Quoad residuum they found matter in Law And it was moved by Yelverton that this Verdict was imperfect in all Quoad Residuum incertain For when the Iury finde that the Defendant was Not guilty of four Closes of Pasture containing by estimation 2000 acres of Pasture it is incertain and doth not appear of how much they acquit him And then when they finde quoad residuum the special matter it is incertain what that Residue is so there cannot be any Iudgment given and of that opinion was all the Court wherefore they awarded a Venire facias de novo to try that Issue Cro. 2. part 113. Ejectione firmae of 30 Acres of Land in D. and S. The Defendant was found guilty of 10. acres and Quoad Residuum Quod Residâ—um not guilty and it was moved in arrest of Iudgment That it is uncertain in which of the Vills this Land lay and therefore no Iudgment can be given sed non allocatur and it was adjudged for the Plaintiff for the Sheriff shall take his Information from the party for what ten acres the Verdict was Cro. last part 465. diversitas apparet Where the Iury find Circumstances Circumstances upon an Evidence given to incite them to finde fraud c. yet the same is not sufficient matter upon which the Court can judge the same to be fraud c. Brownlow 2. part 187. Yet in many Cases the Iury maâ— finde Circumstances and presumâ—tions upon which the Court ought to judge As to finde that the Husband delivered Goods devised by the Wife Vpon this the Court adjudged that the Husband assented to the devise at first More 192. Where a Verdict is certainly â—iven at the Tryall Postea amended how and uncertainly returned by the Clerk of the Asâ—izes c. The Postea may be amended upon the Iudges certifyâ—ng the truth how the Verdict was given Cro. 1. part 338. In many Cases a Verdict may â—ake an ill Plea or Issue good Ill Plea made good by Verdict As 〈◊〉 an action for words Thou wast â—erjured and hast much to answer for 〈◊〉 before God Exception after Verdict for the Plaintiff in arrest â—f Iudgement For that it is not â—nd in the Declaration that he â—pake the words in auditu compluriâ—orum or of any one according to â—he usuall form sed non allocatur for â—â—ing found by the Verdict that he â—pake them it is not materiall alâ—hough he doth not say in auditu â—urimorum whereupon it was adâ—udged for the Plaintiff Cro. 1. part 199. Sée Cro. last part 116. Where the Barr was ill because no place â—f payment was alledged yet the â—ayment being found by Verdict it was adjudged well enough for a payment in one place is a payment in all places Trespass by Baron and feme de clauso fracto of the Barons And for the