without_o leg_n which_o must_v necessary_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n first_o then_o that_o this_o be_v contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la make_v within_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n next_o after_o the_o make_n of_o one_o of_o these_o statute_n will_v not_o be_v make_v good_a for_o the_o last_o of_o those_o statute_n be_v that_o of_o 2_o h._n 4._o cap._n 11._o which_o be_v anno_o 1400_o and_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v the_o 6_o h._n 6._o hil._n which_o be_v anno_o 1427_o and_o how_o this_o can_v be_v bring_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o twenty_o year_n which_o appear_v so_o plain_o to_o be_v seven_o year_n without_o the_o compass_n i_o know_v not_o beside_o this_o statute_n be_v only_o in_o confirmation_n of_o that_o statute_n 13_o ric._n 2._o 5._o set_v a_o penalty_n of_o double_a damage_n unto_o the_o party_n grieve_v and_o ten_o pound_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o he_o that_o shall_v offend_v against_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o now_o it_o be_v true_a this_o judgement_n do_v pursue_v this_o statute_n in_o give_v double_a damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o penalty_n of_o ten_o pound_n to_o the_o king_n against_o the_o defendant_n but_o the_o give_v of_o these_o double_a damage_n and_o penalty_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o former_a statute_n unto_o which_o only_o this_o have_v relation_n and_o this_o statute_n neither_o need_v nor_o have_v it_o any_o exposition_n at_o all_o but_o the_o judgement_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o exposition_n make_v of_o the_o former_a statute_n 13_o ric._n 2._o upon_o which_o if_o the_o statute_n will_v have_v bear_v any_o such_o construction_n the_o party_n sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n contrary_a to_o that_o statute_n in_o a_o cause_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n will_v have_v before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 2d_o of_o h._n 4._o be_v liable_a to_o the_o single_a damage_n though_o not_o to_o the_o double_a but_o the_o law_n whereon_o this_o exposition_n be_v make_v to_o ground_v this_o judgement_n aught_o to_o have_v be_v some_o law_n that_o declare_v a_o haven_n to_o be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o a_o county_n and_o without_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o must_v needs_o have_v be_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o such_o at_o all_o which_o i_o believe_v can_v never_o be_v find_v or_o show_v for_o sure_o i_o be_o as_o i_o say_v before_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n itself_o which_o can_v so_o much_o as_o seem_v to_o draw_v any_o man_n to_o imagine_v that_o a_o haven_n or_o port_n shall_v be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o a_o county_n but_o however_o it_o be_v the_o exposition_n of_o this_o statute_n though_o groundless_a upon_o which_o the_o judgement_n be_v found_v and_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v eleven_o year_n before_o the_o other_o and_o then_o will_v this_o contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la say_v to_o be_v within_o twenty_o year_n scarce_o fall_v to_o be_v within_o twice_o twenty_o year_n for_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 13_o year_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o be_v make_v in_o anno_fw-la 1389_o and_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o anno_fw-la 1427_o which_o be_v full_a 38_o year_n and_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v have_v a_o exposition_n put_v upon_o it_o clean_o destructive_a to_o another_o statute_n make_v within_o two_o year_n after_o and_o in_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n which_o clear_v the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n to_o be_v over_o the_o haven_n and_o river_n beneath_o the_o first_o bridge_n near_o to_o the_o sea_n even_o of_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v magis_fw-la contemporanea_fw-la et_fw-la multo_fw-la stabilior_fw-la expositio_fw-la be_v make_v upon_o as_o good_a advisement_n as_o this_o though_o perhaps_o not_o upon_o term_n of_o deliberation_n which_o consideration_n i_o come_v to_o consider_v next_o and_o i_o can_v conceive_v the_o advisement_n upon_o two_o year_n deliberation_n upon_o one_o particular_a point_n shall_v render_v the_o determination_n thereof_o ever_o the_o more_o sound_n but_o rather_o show_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o doubt_v and_o fearfulness_n to_o determine_v but_o it_o seem_v after_o two_o year_n deliberation_n they_o determine_v to_o have_v the_o port_n and_o havens_n without_o any_o warrant_n of_o law_n that_o sir_n edward_n coke_n have_v declare_v or_o that_o i_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n find_v to_o be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n and_o true_o i_o think_v the_o time_n be_v short_a enough_o and_o their_o pain_n great_a enough_o in_o that_o space_n to_o turn_v so_o much_o sea_n or_o water_n appertain_v unto_o the_o sea_n into_o land_n or_o into_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o county_n but_o if_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o judgement_n be_v infirm_a sure_o it_o will_v not_o support_v it_o be_v so_o weighty_a a_o judgement_n as_o it_o be_v but_o that_o the_o same_o must_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o drown_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o that_o sea_n it_o will_v have_v dismember_v of_o its_o port_n creek_n and_o havens_n unless_o whatsoever_o a_o court_n shall_v once_o adjudge_v through_o misapprehension_n or_o any_o manner_n of_o misunderstanding_n must_v ever_o after_o be_v observe_v for_o law_n which_o whosoever_o affirm_v must_v maintain_v some_o man_n to_o be_v infallible_a or_o else_o that_o one_o injustice_n may_v be_v a_o warrant_n for_o another_o but_o if_o to_o persist_v in_o a_o error_n be_v another_o and_o a_o great_a error_n then_o sure_o to_o square_a justice_n by_o so_o crooked_a and_o untried_a a_o rule_n can_v produce_v no_o strait_n or_o upright_o future_a judgement_n i_o must_v confess_v the_o judgement_n of_o such_o grave_n and_o learned_a man_n in_o such_o a_o place_n and_o authority_n ought_v much_o to_o sway_v with_o their_o successor_n in_o doubtful_a case_n and_o one_o judgement_n ought_v as_o little_o as_o may_v be_v to_o thwart_v and_o cross_v another_o but_o not_o unless_o the_o same_o be_v agreeable_a unto_o justice_n equity_n right_a reason_n and_o bind_v law_n constitute_v appoint_v and_o publish_v by_o superior_a power_n which_o be_v always_o to_o be_v observe_v chap._n vi_o that_o from_o the_o two_o other_o action_n instance_a in_o to_o be_v bring_v against_o the_o party_n sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o a_o business_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n no_o conclude_a argument_n be_v deduce_v two_o action_n likewise_o be_v instance_a in_o institute_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o common-plea_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n which_o can_v be_v deduce_v from_o no_o better_a reason_n nor_o found_v upon_o any_o sound_a ground_n than_o this_o first_o judgement_n be_v more_o than_o that_o they_o have_v this_o for_o their_o example_n at_o exempla_fw-la mala_fw-la sunt_fw-la reprobanda_fw-la &_o non_fw-la mace_v sequenda_fw-la both_o of_o they_o pasch_fw-mi 12_o h._n 6._o the_o one_o be_v a_o action_n bring_v by_o robert_n copper_n upon_o the_o before_o mention_v statute_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n against_o john_n raymer_n of_o norwich_n for_o that_o the_o say_v raymer_n do_v sue_v the_o say_a copper_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o that_o he_o say_v raymer_n have_v a_o ship_n in_o portu_fw-la aquae_fw-la jernemuthae_fw-la infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la come_v norf._n ready_a for_o a_o voyage_n to_o zealand_n the_o say_a copper_n enter_v the_o say_a ship_n lie_v in_o the_o say_a haven_n and_o take_v away_o divers_a good_n out_o of_o the_o same_o asserendo_fw-la per_fw-la praedictum_fw-la placitum_fw-la res_fw-la illas_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la emersisse_fw-la acsi_fw-la res_fw-la illae_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la emersissent_fw-la cum_fw-la non_fw-la ibi_fw-la sed_fw-la apud_fw-la jernmutham_n contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statutorum_fw-la predict_v the_o other_o be_v a_o action_n between_o john_n wydewell_n and_o the_o say_v john_n raymer_n the_o same_o term_n in_o the_o same_o court_n but_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o judgement_n upon_o these_o two_o action_n or_o not_o or_o what_o the_o judgement_n be_v be_v not_o set_v forth_o the_o judgement_n may_v be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n as_o well_o as_o against_o they_o for_o aught_o appear_v out_o of_o what_o sir_n ed._n coke_n have_v set_v down_o and_o since_o he_o have_v spare_v the_o pain_n to_o set_v they_o down_o i_o shall_v spare_v my_o labour_n for_o look_v they_o out_o if_o any_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o either_o which_o i_o the_o rather_o conceâ—â—_n there_o be_v not_o for_o that_o if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o sir_n edward_n coke_n will_v not_o have_v spare_v to_o have_v tell_v of_o they_o if_o they_o have_v be_v for_o his_o purpose_n if_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v agreeable_a to_o the_o former_a judgement_n and_o pass_v by_o that_o example_n yet_o be_v there_o no_o better_a ground_n for_o the_o same_o
either_o be_v build_v or_o buy_v at_o such_o rate_n or_o prize_n as_o they_o then_o be_v so_o that_o they_o can_v be_v let_v for_o the_o same_o freight_n they_o then_o be_v for_o the_o other_o clause_n of_o foreigner_n transport_v their_o ware_n and_o merchandise_n in_o english_a bottom_n to_o pay_v no_o more_o custom_n than_o the_o english_a whether_o the_o customer_n have_v disuse_v the_o same_o and_o so_o make_v it_o obsolete_a or_o not_o i_o know_v not_o but_o in_o case_n they_o have_v so_o do_v i_o know_v no_o warrant_n or_o necessary_a cause_n they_o have_v for_o so_o do_v but_o for_o the_o last_o mention_v clause_n that_o master_n and_o owner_n of_o ship_n shall_v provide_v that_o all_o the_o merchant_n ware_n and_o merchandise_n shall_v be_v in_o good_a order_n save_v and_o keep_v and_o that_o the_o merchant_n which_o shall_v thereby_o or_o by_o delay_n or_o protract_n of_o the_o voyage_n without_o just_a cause_n long_o than_o the_o time_n agree_v by_o the_o charter-party_n find_v himself_o aggrieve_v shall_v and_o may_v have_v his_o remedy_n in_o the_o admiralty_n this_o be_v only_o in_o affirmance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o that_o court_n 2._o and_o be_v both_o before_o the_o make_n of_o that_o act_n and_o have_v be_v ever_o since_o use_v and_o practise_v in_o that_o court_n and_o can_v by_o the_o disuse_n of_o it_o at_o the_o common_a law_n where_o it_o be_v not_o by_o that_o act_n at_o all_o to_o be_v use_v be_v make_v obsolete_a but_o be_v by_o the_o practice_n and_o use_v of_o it_o where_o it_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v use_v hold_v continue_a and_o preserve_v from_o be_v make_v obsolete_a there_o now_o no_o man_n can_v say_v but_o that_o this_o save_n and_o keep_v of_o merchant_n good_n and_o merchandise_n honest_o and_o in_o good_a order_n be_v clear_o mean_v of_o such_o save_n and_o keep_v they_o honest_o and_o in_o good_a order_n as_o well_o while_o the_o ship_n or_o vessel_n remain_v in_o the_o port_n or_o harbour_n as_o when_o she_o come_v at_o high_a sea_n and_o the_o delay_n and_o protract_v of_o time_n in_o take_v of_o the_o voyage_n with_o the_o next_o good_a wind_n according_a to_o the_o time_n agree_v on_o by_o the_o charter-party_n be_v most_o certain_o a_o wrong_n or_o injury_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n or_o haven_n and_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o cause_n of_o this_o nature_n upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n by_o this_o statute_n affirm_v and_o confirm_v and_o moreover_o the_o very_a breach_n of_o the_o charter-party_n though_o make_v at_o land_n be_v by_o this_o act_n affirm_v to_o be_v cognoscible_a in_o the_o admiralty_n which_o bring_v i_o in_o the_o very_a next_o place_n upon_o that_o point_n and_o particular_a wherewith_o i_o shall_v begin_v the_o next_o book_n the_o maritime_a dicaeologie_n or_o sea-jurisdiction_n the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n that_o all_o difference_n arise_v from_o contract_n concern_v maritime_a affair_n ought_v to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o have_v be_v thus_o long_o upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n it_o be_v now_o full_a time_n to_o begin_v to_o think_v of_o the_o discharge_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o delivery_n out_o of_o her_o lade_n to_o the_o merchant_n to_o who_o the_o same_o belong_v and_o for_o to_o come_v to_o the_o caulk_a fit_a trim_v prepare_v and_o furnish_n of_o she_o with_o victual_n tackle_n apparel_n and_o furniture_n etc._n etc._n and_o man_v she_o with_o seaman_n and_o mariner_n for_o some_o voyage_n and_o take_v in_o of_o her_o lade_n from_o the_o merchant_n or_o their_o factor_n to_o be_v transport_v in_o the_o same_o in_o the_o effect_n of_o all_o which_o several_a man_n of_o several_a occupation_n trade_n and_o employment_n be_v several_o to_o be_v contract_v with_o as_o well_o at_o land_n as_o upon_o the_o port_n and_o haven_n the_o validity_n and_o invalidity_n of_o all_o which_o contract_v sir_n edward_n coke_n will_v have_v to_o be_v cognoscible_a tryable_a and_o determinable_a in_o the_o common_a law_n court_v according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o not_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n or_o according_a to_o the_o proceed_n rule_n and_o ground_n of_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n but_o i_o must_v here_o likewise_o adventure_v another_o dispute_n with_o he_o upon_o this_o point_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v offer_v some_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o then_o endeavour_v a_o answer_n unto_o his_o argument_n and_o after_o both_o i_o shall_v set_v forth_o what_o law_n have_v be_v make_v for_o the_o determination_n of_o such_o difference_n as_o shall_v arise_v upon_o such_o contract_n by_o which_o law_n certain_o they_o be_v still_o to_o be_v determine_v and_o first_o i_o say_v that_o by_o ship_n and_o ship_n this_o nation_n be_v secure_v and_o preserve_v from_o foreign_a invasion_n and_o by_o trade_n and_o commerce_n with_o foreign_a nation_n not_o a_o little_a enrich_v and_o neither_o ship_n nor_o trade_n can_v be_v uphold_v without_o the_o welfare_n of_o merchant_n owner_n of_o ship_n fitter_n furnisher_n of_o they_o mariners_z etc._n etc._n and_o this_o welfare_n of_o the_o merchant_n owner_n fitter_n furnisher_n and_o mariner_n can_v be_v maintain_v without_o a_o settle_a jurisdiction_n of_o admiralty_n regulate_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n settle_v among_o and_o know_v unto_o all_o maritime_a nation_n because_o as_o it_o be_v well_o know_v all_o of_o they_o have_v deal_n with_o such_o foreign_a nation_n abroad_o and_o such_o foreign_a nation_n with_o they_o at_o home_n who_o both_o expect_v and_o will_v have_v the_o same_o justice_n mete_v to_o they_o that_o they_o measure_v unto_o other_o else_o will_v they_o both_o forbear_v to_o trade_n with_o that_o nation_n which_o shall_v deny_v they_o that_o justice_n and_o likewise_o deny_v that_o nation_n to_o trade_n with_o they_o now_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v so_o different_a from_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n that_o if_o maritime_a cause_n be_v they_o either_o for_o freight_n wage_n damage_n do_v to_o merchant_n good_n building_n tackle_n and_o furnish_v of_o ship_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v here_o determine_v by_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n they_o must_v necessary_o receive_v many_o of_o they_o a_o different_a many_o of_o they_o a_o clean_a contrary_a judgement_n to_o instance_n brief_o in_o some_o few_o of_o many_o if_o mariner_n be_v hire_v to_o serve_v in_o a_o ship_n for_o so_o much_o by_o the_o month_n and_o serve_v divers_a month_n in_o she_o and_o the_o ship_n die_v at_o sea_n and_o never_o make_v port_n here_o the_o judgement_n of_o these_o two_o law_n will_v be_v clean_o contrary_a likewise_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v let_v to_o fraught_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n by_o the_o month_n from_o port_n to_o port_n and_o so_o home_o again_o and_o the_o ship_n in_o some_o of_o those_o port_n shall_v be_v embark_v for_o some_o month_n here_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o two_o law_n both_o for_o freight_n and_o wage_n for_o those_o month_n will_v be_v contrary_a and_o upon_o other_o emergent_a cause_n from_o hence_o arise_v the_o judgement_n will_v likewise_o be_v in_o some_o far_o different_a and_o in_o other_o some_o clean_a contrary_n if_o the_o merchant_n wine_n oil_n etc._n etc._n be_v leak_v out_o end_n for_o end_n the_o judgement_n upon_o action_n for_o the_o freight_n will_v be_v different_a if_o not_o contrary_a if_o the_o merchant_n good_n shall_v be_v damnify_v by_o ill_a stowage_n or_o careless_a look_v to_o or_o shall_v be_v purloin_v or_o steal_v the_o party_n not_o know_v or_o if_o know_a not_o able_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n here_o upon_o action_n bring_v by_o the_o owner_n for_o his_o freight_n and_o by_o the_o mariner_n for_o his_o wage_n the_o judgement_n will_v differ_v very_o much_o if_o in_o a_o storm_n at_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o port_n or_o haven_n the_o ship_n and_o her_o lade_n be_v in_o danger_n and_o some_o good_n be_v cast_v over_o board_n for_o preservation_n of_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o maritime_a law_n the_o remain_a good_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v into_o a_o avaridge_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o the_o good_n cast_v overboard_o by_o which_o law_n certain_a rule_n as_o well_o concern_v the_o danger_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o several_a good_n and_o the_o cast_v they_o over_o board_n as_o concern_v the_o avaridge_n itself_o to_o be_v make_v be_v prescribe_v which_o rule_n be_v not_o know_v or_o own_v by_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o therefore_o can_v that_o law_n take_v cognizance_n thereof_o and_o consequent_o upon_o action_n bring_v by_o the_o owner_n for_o freight_n wheresoever_o contract_v for_o in_o these_o and_o divers_a other_o like_a case_n the_o judgement_n of_o that_o law_n can_v be_v agreeable_a unto_o the_o rule_n and_o ground_n of_o the_o maritime_a law_n if_o a_o mariner_n be_v hire_v by_o the_o month_n and_o do_v serve_v several_a month_n in_o the_o ship_n and_o afterward_o desert_n or_o leave_v the_o ship_n and_o run_v away_o upon_o action_n bring_v for_o
not_o but_o i_o must_v not_o pass_v over_o a_o main_a objection_n which_o may_v have_v be_v or_o may_v hereafter_o be_v raise_v out_o of_o this_o statute_n as_o the_o same_o be_v by_o poulton_n render_v which_o be_v this_o the_o statute_n as_o he_o render_v it_o say_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o statute_n make_v at_o westminster_n the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v contain_v that_o the_o admiral_n and_o their_o deputy_n shall_v not_o intermeddle_v from_o henceforth_o of_o any_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o of_o a_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o hereby_o it_o may_v seem_v and_o be_v very_o well_o urge_v that_o this_o statute_n do_v clear_o confirm_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o as_o the_o same_o be_v both_o by_o poulton_n and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n render_v and_o translate_v without_o any_o relation_n to_o the_o petition_n but_o if_o this_o very_a statute_n be_v due_o consider_v it_o will_v plain_o appear_v that_o poulton_n have_v here_o thrust_v in_o a_o repetition_n of_o the_o former_a statute_n according_a to_o his_o own_o former_a render_v thereof_o 〈◊〉_d to_o make_v the_o same_o good_a which_o the_o original_a before_o insert_v in_o this_o very_a chapter_n be_v consult_v withal_o will_v not_o allow_v he_o for_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o this_o repetition_n mention_v either_o in_o the_o petition_n or_o answer_n quod_fw-la vide_fw-la for_o the_o petition_n be_v that_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o touch_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n comprehend_v the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o as_o well_o the_o latter_a which_o render_v the_o true_a construction_n of_o the_o former_a according_a unto_o the_o true_a meaning_n thereof_o take_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o petition_n as_o i_o can_v conceive_v but_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v as_o the_o former_a of_o the_o 13_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o may_v be_v hold_v and_o firm_o keep_v and_o that_o the_o admiral_n and_o their_o lieutenant_n may_v not_o hold_v any_o manner_n of_o plea_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n contrary_a to_o the_o form_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o saiâ—_n statute_n which_o by_o the_o answer_n be_v grant_v in_o general_a without_o repeat_v any_o part_n either_o of_o the_o one_o of_o they_o or_o of_o the_o other_o so_o then_o these_o former_a statute_n be_v only_o consider_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o petition_n whereunto_o they_o be_v answer_n i_o conceive_v this_o statute_n afford_v no_o argument_n at_o all_o against_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n or_o cognizance_n of_o contract_n make_v at_o land_n concern_v maritime_a affair_n more_o than_o what_o the_o other_o afford_v and_o so_o i_o hasten_v to_o what_o i_o promise_v in_o the_o chapter_n precede_v this_o chap._n vii_o that_o the_o admiral_n by_o these_o statute_n be_v not_o bar_v the_o cognizance_n of_o maritime_a contract_n though_o make_v at_o land_n make_v appear_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o those_o time_n prove_v out_o of_o ancient_a record_n remain_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o case_n of_o burton_n and_o put_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o that_o can_v be_v find_v that_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o statute_n against_o the_o admiral_n be_v have_v jurisdiction_n any_o where_o but_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n and_o by_o he_o say_v to_o be_v within_o 20_o year_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o so_o contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la the_o time_n be_v due_o compute_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o cap._n will_v be_v find_v to_o have_v be_v give_v full_a 27_o year_n after_o the_o last_o of_o they_o for_o the_o parliament_n wherein_o the_o last_o of_o they_o viz._n the_o statute_n 2._o h._n 4._o be_v make_v be_v begin_v and_o hold_v at_o westminster_n in_o the_o utas_fw-la of_o st._n hilary_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1400_o and_o in_o hillary_n term_n 1427_o be_v 6._o h._n 6._o be_v this_o judgement_n give_v so_o that_o the_o large_a part_n of_o four_o in_o this_o computation_n be_v abate_v to_o bring_v this_o judgement_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o contemporary_a exposition_n but_o indeed_o this_o judgement_n must_v be_v ground_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o two_o former_a as_o this_o latter_a and_o principal_o upon_o the_o first_o of_o they_o and_o then_o be_v this_o judgement_n 37_o year_n and_o more_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n the_o same_o be_v make_v in_o anno_fw-la 1389._o this_o statute_n therefore_o have_v not_o bear_v this_o construction_n or_o exposition_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o it_o until_o 37_o year_n after_o and_o upward_o this_o be_v the_o first_o judgement_n thereupon_o as_o be_v confess_v and_o that_o give_v by_o the_o judge_n not_o without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o doubt_v for_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o term_n before_o they_o can_v agree_v or_o will_v adventure_v to_o give_v that_o construction_n or_o such_o exposition_n thereof_o though_o tend_v ad_fw-la svam_fw-la jurisdictonem_fw-la ampliandam_fw-la i_o can_v apprehend_v that_o this_o be_v contemporanea_fw-la or_o optima_fw-la expositio_fw-la nor_o do_v i_o find_v by_o all_o the_o particular_n cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n concern_v this_o matter_n that_o this_o judgement_n be_v ever_o pursue_v as_o a_o precedent_n or_o example_n by_o the_o same_o or_o other_o succeed_a judge_n indeed_o two_o action_n he_o instance_v in_o bring_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n one_o by_o copper_n against_o rayner_n and_o the_o other_o by_o wydewell_n against_o rayner_n bring_v both_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n 2d_o about_o six_o year_n after_o this_o judgement_n viz._n paschae_fw-la 12._o h._n 6._o but_o he_o speak_v not_o of_o any_o judgement_n give_v therein_o which_o if_o there_o have_v he_o will_v not_o willing_o have_v omit_v to_o have_v insert_v the_o same_o which_o make_v i_o very_o conceive_v that_o no_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o either_o of_o they_o nor_o indeed_o can_v i_o think_v that_o the_o former_a judgement_n by_o he_o cite_v ever_o take_v any_o effect_n or_o be_v ever_o put_v in_o execution_n if_o sir_n coke_n rule_n be_v true_a that_o contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la est_fw-la optima_fw-la a_o contemporary_a exposition_n be_v best_a then_o be_v not_o this_o exposition_n make_v by_o this_o judgement_n the_o best_a though_o it_o may_v be_v magis_fw-la contemporanea_fw-la more_o contemporary_a than_o the_o other_o judgement_n or_o exposition_n give_v long_o after_o paschae_n viz._n paschae_fw-la 28_o eliz._n which_o he_o instance_v in_o that_o evangelist_n constantine_n have_v covenant_v with_o hugh_n gynn_n that_o his_o ship_n shall_v sail_v with_o merchandize_n of_o the_o say_v gynn_n to_o muttrellâ—in_n â—in_z spain_n and_o shall_v there_o remain_v for_o certain_a day_n upon_o breach_n of_o which_o covenant_n gynn_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n of_o 500_o l._n in_o regard_v the_o charter_n party_n be_v make_v at_o thetford_n in_o the_o county_n of_o northfolk_n and_o have_v judgement_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o that_o mich._n 30._o and_o 31._o eliz._n of_o a_o action_n of_o case_n bring_v upon_o a_o policy_n of_o insurance_n so_o that_o the_o former_a may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v melior_fw-la expositio_fw-la a_o better_a exposition_n than_o those_o latter_a because_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o they_o be_v ground_v and_o therefore_o more_o authentic_a but_o if_o i_o shall_v show_v that_o within_o a_o far_o short_a compass_n of_o time_n after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n then_o any_o of_o those_o judgement_n be_v give_v which_o he_o have_v instance_a in_o no_o such_o exposition_n be_v make_v of_o the_o say_a statute_n but_o that_o the_o admiralty_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a court_n for_o such_o cause_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n fit_a to_o judge_n they_o by_o then_o will_v i_o be_v multo_fw-la magis_fw-la contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la a_o far_o more_o contemporary_a exposition_n than_o he_o and_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n si_fw-la non_fw-la optima_fw-la multo_fw-la tamen_fw-la suis_fw-la melior_fw-la if_o not_o the_o best_a yet_o far_o better_a than_o he_o i_o shall_v therefore_o instance_n in_o a_o action_n bring_v in_o the_o admiralty_n within_o three_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o first_o of_o these_o statute_n and_o in_o august_n next_o after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o second_o of_o they_o and_o in_o the_o same_o year_n that_o this_o last_o statute_n be_v make_v as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n itself_o which_o i_o shall_v in_o this_o chapter_n set_v down_o at_o large_a the_o action_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o admiralty_n of_o the_o west_n before_o nicholas_n clifton_n than_o lieutenant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o
quam_fw-la missarum_fw-la &_o custagiorum_fw-la ad_fw-la septuaginta_fw-la libras_fw-la per_fw-la juratores_fw-la praedictos_fw-la superius_fw-la assess_v in_o duplum_fw-la per_fw-la statutum_n etc._n etc._n quae_fw-la damna_fw-la in_o duplo_fw-la se_fw-la extendunt_fw-la ad_fw-la mille_fw-la &_o 400_o l._n et_fw-la idem_fw-la barthol_n poenam_fw-la decem_fw-la librarum_fw-la erga_fw-la dom._n regem_fw-la nunc_fw-la per_fw-la statutum_fw-la incurrat_fw-la &_o capiatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n querens_fw-la remittit_fw-la 400_o l._n and_o he_o say_v that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o case_n that_o can_v yet_o be_v find_v that_o receive_v judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n upon_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o that_o the_o same_o depend_v in_o advisement_n and_o deliberation_n eight_o term_n whereby_o it_o plain_o appear_v the_o time_n be_v compute_v from_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n whereon_o this_o action_n be_v ground_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o judgement_n 6_o hen._n 6._o that_o the_o court_n of_o common-law_n have_v not_o for_o above_o 20_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o these_o statute_n ever_o meddle_v with_o cause_n of_o this_o nature_n nor_o can_v it_o i_o be_o confident_a be_v find_v that_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v any_o of_o those_o case_n wherein_o the_o admiral_n have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o common-law_n before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o what_o ground_n these_o statute_n than_o give_v they_o for_o this_o judgement_n i_o can_v wish_v he_o have_v report_v with_o the_o judgement_n itself_o the_o statute_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o my_o weak_a skill_n to_o examine_v one_o by_o one_o but_o can_v find_v that_o in_o such_o case_n as_o this_o the_o admiralty_n be_v by_o they_o in_o any_o wise_a prohibit_v to_o proceed_v of_o which_o examition_n of_o i_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o render_v the_o best_a account_n i_o can_v more_o especial_o when_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o contract_n make_v at_o land_n of_o and_o concern_v maritime_a and_o sea_n affair_n 2._o but_o i_o must_v here_o in_o the_o first_o place_n examine_v the_o observation_n by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n himself_o gather_v out_o of_o this_o judgement_n from_o the_o whole_a he_o gather_v these_o four_o observation_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v contemporannea_fw-la expositio_fw-la be_v make_v within_o 20_o year_n of_o the_o make_n of_o one_o of_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o he_o say_v that_o contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la est_fw-la optima_fw-la 2._o that_o albeit_o the_o say_v three_o ship_n with_o the_o prisoner_n and_o merchandize_n in_o they_o lay_v in_o the_o haven_n inter_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la aquae_fw-la and_o infra_fw-la primos_fw-la pontes_fw-la yet_o that_o the_o haven_n be_v infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatûs_fw-la and_o that_o for_o take_v of_o the_o ship_n with_o the_o prisoner_n and_o merchandize_n in_o the_o same_o no_o suit_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n but_o at_o the_o common_a law_n 3._o that_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la which_o be_v not_o within_o any_o county_n for_o the_o record_n say_v as_o he_o aver_v that_o the_o say_v three_o ship_n with_o the_o prisoner_n and_o merchandize_n in_o the_o same_o do_v lie_v infra_fw-la comitat._n bristoliae_n &_o non_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la as_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n suppose_v the_o same_o to_o be_v 4._o that_o this_o judgement_n so_o solemn_o and_o with_o such_o advisement_n give_v if_o it_o be_v alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v full_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n for_o say_v he_o judicium_fw-la est_fw-la tanquam_fw-la juris_fw-la dictum_fw-la &_o judicium_fw-la pro_fw-la veritate_fw-la accipitur_fw-la i_o conceive_v that_o by_o two_o of_o these_o four_o observation_n the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o he_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o this_o judgement_n be_v a_o good_a judgement_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v observe_v ever_o after_o for_o law_n which_o if_o he_o have_v thereby_o prove_v the_o two_o other_o the_o second_o and_o three_o may_v be_v deduce_v into_o some_o conclusion_n otherwise_o not_o he_o than_o that_o will_v examine_v the_o argument_n comprehend_v in_o these_o two_o observation_n must_v deduce_v it_o thus_o or_o else_o he_o shall_v find_v no_o argument_n therein_o at_o all_o viz._n a_o judgement_n give_v per_fw-la contemporaneam_fw-la expositionem_fw-la of_o a_o statute_n or_o statute_n make_v within_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o one_o of_o they_o and_o that_o solemn_o upon_o two_o year_n advisement_n give_v be_v a_o good_a judgement_n which_o ought_v ever_o after_o to_o be_v observe_v for_o law_n but_o this_o judgement_n be_v give_v by_o a_o contemporary_a exposition_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n make_v within_o twenty_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o one_o of_o they_o and_o that_o solemn_o with_o advisement_n by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n therefore_o this_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v for_o law_n ever_o after_o then_o will_v the_o other_o two_o observation_n be_v easy_o deduce_v into_o a_o conclusion_n otherwise_o not_o but_o i_o must_v crave_v leave_n that_o without_o offence_n i_o may_v call_v into_o question_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o premise_n out_o of_o which_o this_o conclusion_n be_v deduce_v first_o then_o whether_o a_o judgement_n give_v per_fw-la contemporaneam_fw-la expositionem_fw-la of_o a_o statute_n make_v within_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o year_n next_o before_o such_o interpretation_n or_o exposition_n though_o solemn_o advise_v on_o by_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o term_n which_o be_v two_o whole_a year_n must_v necessary_o be_v ever_o after_o observe_v for_o law_n be_v that_o which_o first_o come_v in_o question_n under_o correction_n i_o conceive_v that_o neither_o the_o time_n of_o such_o interpretation_n or_o exposition-making_a nor_o the_o deliberate_a advisement_n thereupon_o conclude_v this_o necessity_n that_o the_o judgement_n thence_o proceed_v must_v be_v ever_o after_o observe_v nay_o i_o conceive_v it_o ought_v not_o ever_o after_o or_o at_o all_o to_o be_v observe_v unless_o such_o exposition_n be_v ground_v upon_o both_o law_n and_o reason_n or_o at_o least_o one_o of_o they_o this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o lead_v case_n and_o so_o the_o first_o exposition_n of_o those_o three_o before_o mention_a statute_n make_v to_o this_o purpose_n and_o therefore_o the_o law_n and_o reason_n whereupon_o such_o exposition_n have_v its_o ground_n and_o foundation_n may_v very_o well_o have_v be_v expect_v to_o have_v be_v there_o by_o he_o set_v down_o where_o the_o judgement_n itself_o be_v urge_v but_o find_v neither_o i_o have_v according_a to_o my_o weak_a ability_n endeavour_v to_o search_v both_o or_o either_o of_o they_o out_o but_o indeed_o be_o so_o thick-sighted_n that_o i_o can_v find_v out_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o to_o warrant_v the_o same_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 5_o eliz._n 5._o before_o cap._n mention_a and_o urge_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o assertion_n may_v have_v it_o be_v make_v before_o this_o exposition_n of_o the_o other_o three_o have_v set_v some_o colour_n thereon_o but_o no_o more_o than_o a_o colour_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o therein_o contain_v substantial_a that_o can_v have_v afford_v this_o interpretation_n of_o the_o other_o three_o but_o come_v after_o this_o interpretation_n this_o interpretation_n have_v lose_v that_o colour_n and_o be_v leave_v upon_o the_o statute_n themselves_o wherein_o i_o for_o my_o part_n can_v find_v one_o word_n that_o do_v seem_v so_o much_o as_o to_o lead_v towards_o any_o such_o exposition_n or_o interpretation_n the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v that_o of_o the_o 13_o rich._n 2._o 5._o which_o statute_n have_v relation_n unto_o a_o petition_n upon_o which_o the_o interpretation_n thereof_o aught_o to_o be_v ground_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v act_n in_o those_o day_n which_o petition_n in_o other_o act_n be_v insert_v as_o a_o preamble_n to_o the_o act_n itself_o but_o in_o this_o be_v premise_v only_o in_o part_n and_o that_o not_o true_o render_v by_o the_o translation_n as_o shall_v appear_v when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o contract_n make_v at_o land_n for_o 2._o sea_n affair_n the_o statute_n itself_o run_v thus_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr voit_fw-fr que_fw-fr les_fw-fr admiral_n &_o lour_v deputee_n ne_fw-la sic_fw-la mellent_fw-fr de_fw-fr sore_n ana_fw-la vant_n de_fw-fr nul_fw-fr choose_v fait_fw-fr dein_n le_fw-fr roylme_a messolement_n de_fw-mi choose_v fait_fw-fr sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr mere_a solonc_fw-fr ce_fw-fr que_fw-fr ad_fw-la estre_fw-fr duement_fw-fr use_n en_fw-fr temps_fw-fr du_fw-fr noble_a roy_fw-fr edward_n ail_fw-we nostre_fw-fr sâ—r_n '_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr quorust_n the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v that_o the_o admiral_n and_o their_o deputy_n shall_v not_o from_o henceforth_o so_o meddle_v viz._n as_o be_v complain_v of_o in_o the_o petition_n of_o
the_o interest_n of_o all_o other_o party_n for_o that_o have_v be_v to_o have_v judge_v the_o cause_n inaudita_fw-la nec_fw-la vocatâ_fw-la parte_fw-la interest_n habente_fw-la for_o the_o controversy_n be_v then_o whether_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n or_o the_o major_n etc._n etc._n have_v the_o cognizance_n of_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o have_v dismiss_v it_o from_o their_o cognizance_n can_v grant_v it_o no_o otherwise_o to_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n of_o hull_n but_o insomuch_o or_o for_o that_o it_o belong_v not_o unto_o their_o cognizance_n so_o that_o after_o the_o dismission_n this_o controversy_n be_v no_o long_o between_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o major_a of_o hull_n but_o now_o the_o difference_n concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o and_o over_o this_o cause_n must_v rest_v between_o the_o admiral_n and_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n of_o hull_n for_o that_o the_o admiral_n be_v no_o party_n in_o fudicio_fw-la the_o cognizance_n can_v no_o otherwise_o be_v grant_v unto_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n of_o hull_n then_o that_o they_o shall_v have_v it_o for_o aught_o that_o court_n in_o which_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n be_v bring_v have_v to_o do_v therewith_o or_o to_o hold_v plea_n thereof_o which_o can_v not_o bar_v the_o admiral_n of_o his_o claim_n of_o jurisdiction_n who_o be_v no_o party_n in_o judgement_n and_o then_o this_o only_o rest_v as_o a_o authority_n quote_v that_o such_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o as_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o same_o be_v never_o there_o determine_v so_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v that_o ever_o it_o be_v therefore_o determine_v by_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n of_o hull_n but_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n perceive_v a_o action_n to_o be_v bring_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o a_o trespass_n do_v upon_o their_o poor_a may_v very_o well_o conceive_v that_o the_o action_n be_v there_o bring_v the_o same_o be_v rather_o tryable_a before_o they_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o clause_n in_o their_o charter_n which_o be_v urge_v then_o by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v dismiss_v as_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n determine_v it_o no_o more_o do_v it_o any_o way_n appear_v that_o they_o do_v yet_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o dismission_n or_o grant_v as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n term_v it_o take_v upon_o they_o so_o much_o as_o the_o cognizance_n thereof_o or_o if_o they_o do_v that_o the_o admiral_n ever_o have_v notice_n thereof_o but_o if_o the_o admiral_n do_v or_o if_o he_o do_v not_o yet_o if_o he_o have_v take_v to_o his_o court_n the_o cognizance_n of_o this_o cause_n i_o be_o confident_a that_o the_o major_a and_o bailiff_n can_v no_o way_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o clause_n or_o upon_o any_o other_o ground_n have_v take_v it_o out_o of_o his_o hand_n unless_o they_o have_v admiralty_n jurisdiction_n grant_v unto_o they_o as_o the_o town_n of_o ipswich_n have_v the_o substance_n of_o who_o patent_n concern_v the_o same_o i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o concern_v the_o admiralty_n jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o cinque-port_n and_o other_o port_n henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la etc._n etc._n octavus_fw-la etc._n etc._n cumque_fw-la praedictus_fw-la avus_fw-la noster_fw-la per_fw-la chartam_fw-la swam_fw-la praedictam_fw-la quam_fw-la ut_fw-la praefertur_fw-la confirmavimus_fw-la concesserit_fw-la ballivis_n &_o burgensibus_fw-la villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la inter_fw-la alia_fw-la libertates_fw-la franche_n privilegia_fw-la &_o immunitates_fw-la in_fw-la eadem_fw-la chartâ_fw-la contenta_fw-la &_o specificata_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la faciendi_fw-la &_o exequendi_fw-la infra_fw-la eandem_fw-la villam_fw-la gypewici_fw-la ac_fw-la libertatem_fw-la &_o praecinctum_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la quae_fw-la admirallo_fw-la seu_fw-la ad_fw-la officium_fw-la admiralli_n pertinent_a cumque_fw-la portus_fw-la villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la &_o aqua_fw-la currens_fw-la &_o recurrens_fw-la prout_fw-la casus_fw-la exigerit_fw-la ab_fw-la eodem_fw-la portu_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la versus_fw-la le_fw-fr southeast_n ad_fw-la quendam_fw-la locum_fw-la vocat_fw-la polleshen_v alias_z dict_z polish_a nec_fw-la non_fw-la tota_fw-la terra_fw-la &_o folum_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la aliquo_fw-la tempore_fw-la aqua_fw-la fuerit_fw-la superundat_fw-la sieve_n compert_a infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la extiterint_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la iidem_fw-la ballivi_fw-la burgenses_n &_o communitas_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o gaudeant_fw-la eye_v &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la libertates_fw-la franche_n authoritates_fw-la privilegia_fw-la jurisdictiones_fw-la &_o immunivate_v eye_n vel_fw-la praedecessoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la aut_fw-la eorum_fw-la alicui_fw-la seu_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la praedictum_fw-la avum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la sive_fw-la aliquem_fw-la alium_fw-la progenitorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la nuper_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la per_fw-la chartas_fw-la sive_fw-la per_fw-la chartam_fw-la alicujus_fw-la eorumdem_fw-la progenitorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la quas_fw-la nos_fw-la per_fw-la litteras_fw-la nostras_fw-la praedictas_fw-la de_fw-la confirmatione_fw-la acceptavimus_fw-la ratificavimus_fw-la &_o confirmavimus_fw-la contenta_fw-la &_o specificata_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o dictâ_fw-la aquâ_fw-la sive_fw-la in_o cursu_fw-la aquae_fw-la ac_fw-la praedictâ_fw-la terrâ_fw-la &_o solo_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la sive_fw-la refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la aquâ_fw-la quandoque_fw-la superundat_fw-la sive_z coopert_a quam_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la aliis_fw-la locis_fw-la quibuscunque_fw-la infra_fw-la villam_fw-la praecinctum_fw-la suburbum_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o franche_n predict_v juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la chartarum_fw-la &_o concessionum_fw-la praedictarum_fw-la prout_fw-la ea_fw-la ante_fw-la tempora_fw-la usi_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la &_o gavisi_fw-la et_fw-la ulterius_fw-la nos_fw-la de_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la nostrâ_fw-la uberiori_fw-la ad_fw-la intentionem_fw-la quod_fw-la praedicti_fw-la ballivi_fw-la burgenses_n &_o communitas_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la securius_fw-la &_o liberius_fw-la absque_fw-la ambiguitate_fw-la questione_fw-la vel_fw-la dubio_fw-la habeant_fw-la officium_fw-la admiralli_n nostri_fw-la &_o haeredum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la praecinct_n &_o franchesc_n predict_v &_o omne_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la officium_fw-la admiralli_n tam_fw-la super_fw-la mare_fw-la &_o littus_fw-la maris_fw-la quam_fw-la alibi_fw-la infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la franchisc_n &_o praecinct_n predict_v pertinent_a concedimus_fw-la nunc_fw-la ballivis_n &_o burgensibus_fw-la ac_fw-la communitati_fw-la villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la successoribus_fw-la per_fw-la praesentes_fw-la quod_fw-la ballivi_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la villae_fw-la pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la existentes_fw-la sint_fw-la admiralli_n nostri_fw-la &_o haeredum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la per_fw-la &_o infra_fw-la totam_fw-la villam_fw-la praecinctum_fw-la suburbia_fw-la aquam_fw-la &_o cursum_fw-la aquae_fw-la ac_fw-la dict_z terram_fw-la &_o solum_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la quandoque_fw-la aquâ_fw-la superundat_fw-la well_o coopert_a seu_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la superundand_v well_o cooperend_a ac_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la officium_fw-la admiralli_n pertinent_a seu_fw-la pertinere_fw-la poterint_fw-la tam_fw-la super_fw-la mare_fw-la &_o littus_fw-la maris_fw-la quam_fw-la alibi_fw-la infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la praecinctum_fw-la limit_n supra_fw-la specificat_fw-la faciant_fw-la &_o exequantur_fw-la in_o tam_fw-la amplis_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la prout_fw-la aliquis_fw-la admirallus_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la loco_fw-la facere_fw-la vel_fw-la exequi_fw-la consuevit_fw-la &_o facere_fw-la debuit_fw-la quoquo_fw-la modo_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la insuper_fw-la nos_fw-la de_fw-la gra_fw-mi nostra_fw-la ampliori_fw-la ad_fw-la relevamen_fw-la &_o incrementum_fw-la villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la quae_fw-la ut_fw-la dicitur_fw-la diversimode_fw-fr depauperata_fw-la est_fw-la ac_fw-la in_o auxilium_fw-la solutionis_fw-la dictae_fw-la firmae_fw-la suae_fw-la sexaginta_fw-la librarum_fw-la nostr_n &_o successoribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la annuatim_fw-la ut_fw-la praemittitur_fw-la solvend_fw-mi damus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la per_fw-la praesentes_fw-la pro_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la eisdem_fw-la ballivis_n burgensibus_fw-la &_o communitati_fw-la &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la wrecum_fw-la maris_fw-la ac_fw-la omne_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la quae_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la wreck_n flotson_n &_o getson_n &_o omne_fw-la alia_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la quae_fw-la admirallo_fw-la sive_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la officium_fw-la pertinent_a seu_fw-la pertinere_fw-la debent_fw-la aut_fw-la poterint_fw-la infra_fw-la dict_z portum_fw-la &_o aquam_fw-la ac_fw-la terram_fw-la &_o solum_fw-la predict_v per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la ac_fw-la omne_fw-la bona_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la aqua_fw-la ut_fw-la praefertur_fw-la superundat_fw-la well_o coopert_a well_o in_o posterum_fw-la superundand_v well_o cooperend_a qualitercunque_fw-la contingent_a vel_fw-la ibidem_fw-la in_o mari_fw-fr aut_fw-la super_fw-la littus_fw-la maris_fw-la invent_v seu_fw-la inveniend_n &_o etiam_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la felonum_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la quae_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la deodanda_fw-la infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la franchesc_n &_o praecinctum_fw-la villae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la ac_fw-la in_fw-la &_o infra_fw-la
to_o a_o agreement_n after_o prohibition_n grant_v when_o consultation_n will_v have_v be_v award_v if_o they_o have_v be_v sue_v for_o which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v judgement_n in_o such_o case_n but_o a_o prohibition_n be_v no_o proof_n until_o a_o dispute_n have_v upon_o the_o validity_n and_o a_o determination_n thereupon_o no_o more_o than_o the_o bring_n of_o a_o action_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o give_v a_o declaration_n without_o any_o further_a proceed_n be_v a_o proof_n that_o what_o be_v by_o declaration_n claim_v be_v due_a or_o that_o the_o action_n be_v due_o and_o legal_o institute_v and_o bring_v chap._n ix_o that_o the_o rhodian_a and_o other_o maritime_a law_n be_v ordain_v as_o well_o for_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o differnce_n happen_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n as_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n all_o these_o proof_n and_o authority_n which_o i_o have_v handle_v in_o the_o four_o last_o and_o next_o precede_v chapter_n be_v collect_v and_o gather_v into_o one_o heap_n as_o by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n they_o be_v and_o take_v by_o themselves_o do_v make_v a_o specious_a show_n and_o a_o fair_a colour_n for_o the_o turn_v the_o lord_n high_a admiral_n of_o england_n out_o of_o his_o jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o port_n creek_n and_o havens_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o no_o more_o than_o a_o show_n or_o colour_n as_o appear_v to_o my_o view_n for_o the_o ancient_a constant_a and_o continue_a practice_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o all_o the_o proof_n precedent_n and_o authority_n which_o make_v to_o the_o contrary_a of_o what_o be_v by_o he_o set_v forth_o be_v with_o they_o well_o weigh_v and_o consider_v all_o that_o he_o have_v show_v in_o this_o particular_a will_v serve_v only_o to_o prove_v what_o interruption_n have_v be_v put_v and_o inroad_n make_v upon_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o certain_o the_o proceed_n act_n and_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n concern_v business_n agitate_a and_o do_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n will_v as_o precedent_n for_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n there_o amount_v unto_o a_o great_a number_n for_o those_o few_o he_o have_v quote_v against_o it_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o common_a law_n have_v always_o be_v two_o distinct_a jurisdiction_n have_v no_o dependency_n each_o upon_o the_o other_o but_o both_o exercise_v under_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 1._o i_o know_v not_o why_o the_o ancient_a practice_n and_o precedent_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n shall_v not_o be_v as_o convince_a in_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o particular_a which_o rest_v in_o controversy_n between_o they_o as_o the_o practice_n and_o precedent_n of_o the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v like_a enough_o some_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o aver_v that_o the_o admiralty_n court_n be_v not_o a_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o precedent_n of_o that_o court_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a credit_n as_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n but_o it_o will_v be_v very_o unfit_a for_o i_o to_o enter_v into_o that_o dispute_n when_o as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n put_v to_o the_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v so_o much_o as_o a_o court_n at_o all_o or_o not_o for_o if_o it_o shall_v have_v the_o cognizance_n of_o scarce_o any_o cause_n at_o all_o as_o it_o can_v have_v if_o all_o be_v true_a that_o sir_n edward_n coke_n will_v prove_v as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o when_o i_o come_v to_o sum_n up_o all_o together_o then_o do_v it_o not_o deserve_v so_o much_o as_o the_o name_n of_o a_o court._n this_o only_a i_o shall_v say_v by_o the_o way_n that_o when_o it_o be_v a_o court_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o court_n it_o have_v be_v and_o be_v as_o much_o a_o court_n of_o record_n as_o all_o court_n in_o foreign_a nation_n beyond_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v and_o be_v and_o whatsoever_o have_v in_o that_o court_n be_v or_o be_v do_v be_v legal_o transmit_v and_o certify_v will_v have_v carry_v and_o do_v carry_v along_o with_o it_o as_o good_a credit_n in_o all_o part_n of_o christendom_n as_o any_o record_n whatsoever_o certify_v out_o of_o any_o of_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n and_o so_o will_v and_o do_v at_o this_o present_a for_o any_o thing_n therein_o transact_v but_o if_o i_o shall_v enter_v upon_o the_o precedent_n in_o civil_a cause_n which_o be_v to_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o registry_n of_o the_o admiralty_n for_o the_o cognizance_n of_o cause_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n i_o shall_v make_v myself_o a_o endless_a piece_n of_o work_n and_o when_o i_o have_v do_v those_o thing_n perhaps_o may_v for_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v be_v think_v by_o many_o not_o to_o be_v authentic_a i_o shall_v therefore_o pass_v they_o over_o and_o come_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v as_o authentic_a in_o my_o poor_a judgement_n for_o proof_n of_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n as_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v bring_v against_o it_o and_o i_o shall_v begin_v first_o with_o the_o rhodian_a and_o ancient_a maritime_a law_n make_v ordain_v and_o appoint_v for_o the_o decision_n of_o maritime_a cause_n arise_v and_o happen_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n as_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n and_o then_o proceed_v to_o other_o proof_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o rhodes_n and_o other_o sea_n law_n insert_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o give_v direction_n how_o to_o steer_v the_o judicature_n of_o so_o many_o cause_n which_o may_v happen_v and_o fall_v out_o upon_o port_n and_o havens_n it_o manifest_o appear_v that_o thing_n there_o do_v and_o controversy_n thence_o arise_v be_v proper_o cognizable_a by_o the_o admiral_n no_o other_o law_n have_v the_o like_a ground_n or_o afford_v the_o like_a rule_n for_o the_o decision_n of_o such_o difference_n or_o give_v such_o direction_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o strife_n in_o business_n of_o that_o nature_n to_o introduce_v they_o all_o here_o will_v make_v a_o volume_n which_o i_o intend_v not_o and_o it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a a_o labour_n to_o effect_v that_o which_o so_o few_o regard_n namely_o to_o set_v forth_o the_o most_o exquisite_a excellency_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n found_v upon_o the_o very_a strength_n of_o reason_n itself_o but_o why_o shall_v i_o so_o high_o commend_v that_o which_o be_v so_o much_o scorn_v either_o to_o be_v understand_v or_o so_o much_o as_o look_v after_o and_o by_o some_o condemn_v before_o it_o be_v look_v into_o or_o at_o all_o understand_v what_o it_o be_v sergeant_n calais_n 31._o condemn_v the_o imperial_a law_n which_o say_v he_o the_o civilian_n use_v for_o that_o the_o seashore_n be_v therein_o hold_v to_o be_v common_a to_o all_o and_o say_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n do_v in_o reason_n surpass_v either_o the_o imperial_a law_n or_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o distinction_n show_v the_o understanding_n he_o have_v in_o those_o two_o law_n which_o the_o world_n hitherto_o make_v but_o one_o and_o sir_n ed._n coke_n condemn_v the_o civil_a law_n for_o proceed_v by_o paper_n proof_n as_o he_o call_v they_o slight_v they_o as_o if_o those_o proof_n that_o be_v take_v without_o a_o public_a notary_n without_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o witness_n before_o a_o judge_n or_o without_o the_o liberty_n of_o administer_a interrogatory_n by_o the_o adverse_a party_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o only_o express_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n and_o neither_o set_v down_o in_o paper_n or_o parchment_n but_o pass_v away_o with_o every_o air_n be_v better_o take_v and_o remain_v more_o perfect_a on_o record_n than_o those_o paper_n proof_n which_o be_v in_o such_o manner_n take_v and_o with_o as_o much_o care_n preserve_v but_o sure_o in_o most_o controversy_n which_o do_v arise_v from_o a_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n it_o be_v most_o necessary_a that_o the_o proof_n for_o the_o decision_n thereof_o be_v take_v by_o such_o paper_n proof_n sometime_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o speedy_a return_n of_o the_o witness_n into_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n who_o can_v stay_v such_o a_o examination_n without_o their_o undo_n as_o to_o be_v present_a to_o afford_v their_o testimony_n viva_fw-la voce_fw-la at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trial_n sometime_o in_o regard_n necessary_a and_o requisite_a witness_n be_v hence_o depart_v before_o the_o suit_n be_v institute_v and_o reside_v beyond_o the_o sea_n where_o their_o testimony_n must_v necessary_o be_v take_v by_o commission_n which_o by_o the_o manner_n of_o proof_n make_v at_o the_o common_a law_n can_v be_v do_v so_o that_o most_o difference_n which_o do_v arise_v from_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n must_v
his_o wage_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o two_o law_n will_v be_v clean_o contrary_a if_o the_o mariner_n without_o leave_n of_o the_o master_n lie_v on_o shore_n and_o the_o ship_n or_o good_n be_v damnify_v or_o the_o voyage_n protract_v or_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o well_o moor_v so_o that_o for_o default_n thereof_o she_o be_v damnify_v or_o if_o the_o mariner_n take_v up_o clothes_n or_o borrow_v money_n of_o his_o fellow_n and_o put_v the_o same_o in_o the_o pursers_n book_n upon_o action_n bring_v for_o his_o wage_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o two_o law_n will_v differ_v if_o two_o be_v they_o merchant_n owner_n mariner_n or_o furnisher_n of_o ship_n etc._n etc._n and_o those_o either_o english_a or_o foreigner_n or_o the_o one_o english_a and_o the_o other_o a_o foreigner_n do_v for_o freight_n tackle_n or_o furniture_n of_o ship_n etc._n etc._n or_o by_o other_o commerce_n in_o their_o seafaring_a business_n become_v indebt_v each_o to_o other_o upon_o action_n bring_v by_o either_o of_o they_o the_o maritime_a law_n admit_v the_o other_o to_o allege_v and_o prove_v what_o likewise_o be_v due_a to_o he_o from_o he_o that_o sue_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o allow_v he_o compensation_n which_o the_o municipal_a law_n allow_v not_o but_o conclude_v that_o stoppage_n be_v no_o payment_n by_o which_o law_n if_o exercise_v in_o business_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o absent_a may_v recover_v much_o against_o the_o party_n present_a and_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o wait_v his_o opportunity_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o what_o be_v due_a to_o he_o from_o he_o that_o have_v recover_v against_o he_o to_o the_o lessen_v of_o his_o stock_n and_o great_a hindrance_n of_o his_o trade_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o non-solvent_a may_v recover_v much_o against_o the_o solvent_a and_o he_o nothing_o at_o all_o against_o the_o non-solvent_a which_o will_v be_v very_o much_o inconvenient_a to_o all_o seatrade_n man_n and_o a_o thing_n not_o know_v abroad_o now_o these_o maritime_a law_n for_o maritime_a business_n be_v all_o ground_a upon_o strong_a reason_n which_o if_o they_o can_v be_v here_o at_o large_a particular_o set_v forth_o yet_o will_v they_o not_o take_v away_o the_o reason_n whereon_o the_o municipal_a law_n for_o land_n affair_n be_v ground_v in_o regard_n different_a judgement_n in_o different_a thing_n do_v arise_v from_o different_a ground_n of_o reason_n so_o that_o the_o judgement_n upon_o business_n agitate_a upon_o the_o land_n may_v be_v ground_v upon_o reason_n and_o yet_o will_v not_o that_o reason_n hold_v to_o ground_v the_o like_a judgement_n upon_o in_o business_n at_o sea_n or_o upon_o the_o great_a water_n those_o be_v accommodate_v with_o many_o advantage_n and_o help_n in_o their_o agitation_n and_o petformance_n of_o which_o these_o be_v altogether_o destitute_a and_o this_o will_v introduce_v a_o second_o reason_n why_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o other_o seafaring_a man_n can_v be_v maintain_v without_o the_o settle_n and_o uphold_v of_o these_o maritime_a law_n for_o decision_n of_o difference_n and_o controversy_n in_o maritime_a affair_n which_o be_v because_o these_o law_n be_v suitable_a thereunto_o and_o complete_a to_o determine_v all_o difference_n in_o business_n of_o that_o nature_n which_o as_o i_o conceive_v the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v not_o for_o maritime_a cause_n especial_o those_o for_o wage_n must_v have_v a_o quick_a and_o sudden_a dispatch_n of_o justice_n the_o mariner_n as_o they_o come_v in_o with_o one_o good_a wind_n so_o must_v they_o speedy_o go_v out_o with_o another_o and_o not_o wait_v westminster-hall_n termes_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o whole_a voyage_n such_o their_o employment_n be_v their_o whole_a livelihood_n nor_o must_v they_o commence_v every_o man_n a_o suit_n according_a to_o his_o particular_a contract_n to_o the_o expense_n of_o as_o much_o if_o not_o more_o than_o his_o wage_n come_v to_o but_o must_v as_o the_o martime_n law_n allow_v they_o commence_v their_o action_n in_o one_o joint_a petition_n to_o a_o judge_n at_o all_o time_n settle_v in_o a_o readiness_n and_o in_o a_o constant_a place_n of_o judicature_n where_o and_o to_o who_o they_o may_v make_v their_o present_a address_n for_o dispatch_v according_a to_o such_o law_n as_o they_o be_v use_v unto_o wheresoever_o they_o come_v if_o the_o mariner_n must_v have_v such_o dispatch_n against_o the_o master_n then_o must_v the_o master_n have_v the_o like_a against_o the_o merchant_n for_o his_o freight_n out_o of_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o wage_n and_o the_o merchant_n the_o like_a against_o the_o master_n and_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n for_o damage_n do_v to_o his_o good_n at_o sea_n all_o which_o be_v speedy_o try_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n by_o the_o maritime_a law_n which_o upon_o full_a hear_n allow_v compensation_n and_o every_o one_o have_v at_o first_o his_o own_o according_a to_o proof_n or_o confession_n upon_o their_o personal_a answer_n and_o no_o more_o otherwise_o if_o the_o mariner_n shall_v by_o several_a trial_n at_o the_o common_a law_n recover_v their_o full_a wage_n of_o the_o master_n and_o be_v go_v and_o then_o the_o merchant_n recover_v against_o he_o likewise_o or_o against_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n perhaps_o as_o much_o or_o more_o than_o their_o freight_n amount_v unto_o for_o damage_v do_v unto_o his_o good_n perhaps_o by_o the_o mariner_n who_o be_v go_v and_o not_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o again_o and_o be_v put_v afterward_o to_o sue_v for_o their_o freight_n this_o will_v soon_o cause_v the_o owner_n of_o ship_n to_o lay_v their_o vessel_n by_o the_o wall_n or_o if_o the_o mariner_n shall_v recover_v their_o wage_n of_o the_o master_n or_o owner_n and_o be_v go_v and_o then_o the_o owner_n shall_v recover_v their_o freight_n against_o the_o merchant_n who_o good_n be_v damnify_v or_o spoil_v by_o the_o mariner_n and_o not_o by_o default_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o by_o default_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o not_o by_o any_o neglect_n or_o fault_n of_o the_o mariner_n or_o by_o both_o and_o he_o then_o put_v to_o a_o trial_n to_o recover_v by_o jury_n the_o damage_n he_o have_v sustain_v he_o be_v like_a to_o have_v but_o little_a or_o no_o redress_n if_o the_o mariner_n shall_v have_v his_o dispatch_n and_o be_v go_v which_o he_o must_v have_v or_o be_v undo_v and_o the_o merchant_n wait_v his_o trial_n from_o term_n to_o term_n at_o the_o â—ommon_a law_n then_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o mariner_n can_v neither_o the_o owner_n prove_v the_o damage_n to_o be_v do_v by_o mere_a casualty_n or_o stress_n of_o weather_n at_o sea_n which_o he_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o nor_o can_v the_o merchant_n prove_v the_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o which_o case_n the_o owner_n be_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n beside_o many_o inconvenience_n more_o which_o may_v be_v reckon_v thus_o be_v not_o the_o one_o law_n only_o suitable_a and_o agreeable_a to_o maritime_a affair_n and_o the_o other_o unsuitable_a and_o disagreeable_a thereunto_o but_o the_o one_o be_v likewise_o perfect_a and_o complete_a for_o decide_v of_o all_o controversy_n thence_o arise_v the_o other_o imperfect_a and_o in_o no_o wise_a complete_a for_o that_o purpose_n in_o my_o judgement_n for_o bill_n of_o bumery_n or_o bottomry_n for_o many_o reason_n most_o useful_a and_o absolute_o necessary_a in_o sea_n trade_n they_o be_v likewise_o triable_a only_o by_o the_o maritime_a law_n and_o can_v be_v no_o way_n tryable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n wheresoever_o make_v by_o reason_n the_o ship_n only_o be_v liable_a to_o payment_n which_o may_v be_v arrest_v according_a to_o the_o maritime_a law_n either_o at_o the_o main_a sea_n or_o upon_o any_o creek_n port_n or_o haven_n adjoin_v upon_o the_o land_n which_o can_v be_v do_v by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o i_o humble_o conceive_v so_o likewise_o contract_v de_fw-fr nautico_fw-la foenore_fw-la pecunia_fw-la trajectitia_fw-la or_o nautica_fw-la usura_fw-la wheresoever_o make_v be_v tryable_a by_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n and_o not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v several_a title_n concern_v these_o particular_n as_o in_o the_o digest_v the_o title_n de_fw-fr nautico_fw-la foenore_fw-la in_o the_o code_n the_o same_o title_n in_o the_o novel_a constitution_n the_o title_n de_fw-fr nauticis_fw-la usuris_fw-la
just_a in_fw-la ipsius_fw-la edmundi_fw-la dispendium_fw-la non_fw-la modicum_fw-la &_o gravamen_fw-la unde_fw-la per_fw-la partem_fw-la praedicti_fw-la edmundi_fw-la sentientis_fw-la se_fw-la ex_fw-la praemissis_fw-la sententiis_fw-la &_o expensarum_fw-la condemnatione_fw-la indebite_fw-la pergravari_fw-la ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la sententia_fw-la &_o expensarum_fw-la condemnatione_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o nostram_fw-la audientiam_fw-la est_fw-la appellatum_fw-la sicut_fw-la per_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la publicum_fw-la inde_fw-la confectum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o cancellaria_fw-la nostra_fw-la ostensum_fw-la plenius_fw-la poterit_fw-la apparere_fw-la idem_fw-la edmundus_n nobis_fw-la supplicavit_n ut_fw-la in_o dicta_fw-la causa_fw-la appellationis_fw-la suis_fw-la procedere_fw-la &_o sibi_fw-la justitiam_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la parte_fw-la facere_fw-la digneremur_fw-la nos_fw-la supplicationi_fw-la praedictae_fw-la annuentes_fw-la vobis_fw-la etc._n etc._n quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la vestrum_fw-la vos_fw-la praefatum_fw-la episcopum_fw-la &_o thomam_fw-la field_n etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v instance_n only_o in_o one_o more_o one_o alan_n wagtost_fw-fr sue_v thomas_n johnesson_n and_o thomas_n rafin_n for_o 25_o l._n for_o freight_n of_o the_o half_a of_o a_o vessel_n call_v the_o christopher_n of_o boston_n as_o master_n and_o owner_n of_o half_a of_o the_o say_a vessel_n and_o the_o say_a cause_n be_v proceed_v in_o before_o henry_n bole_n lieutenant-general_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n which_o cause_n be_v from_o he_o appeal_v unto_o the_o king_n in_o chancery_n and_o a_o commission_n in_o the_o eleaventh_fw-mi year_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v but_o nine_o year_n after_o the_o make_v the_o say_a statute_n and_o the_o cause_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v begin_v some_o good_a space_n of_o time_n before_o that_o the_o commission_n of_o appeal_n run_v thus_o rex_fw-la dilectis_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la richardo_n rochefort_n chivaler_n '_o 12._o magistro_fw-la henrico_n ware_n magistro_fw-la richardo_n brinkley_n &_o magistro_fw-la thomae_fw-la field_n salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la â—um_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d in_fw-la quadam_fw-la causa_fw-la maritima_fw-la pecuniaria_fw-la viginti_fw-la &_o quinque_fw-la librarum_fw-la praeâ—â—â—â—â—ffrectamenti_fw-la medietatis_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la navis_fw-la vocat_fw-la '_o la_fw-fr christophre_n de_fw-fr boston_n ad_fw-la alanum_fw-la wagtoft_n de_fw-fr villa_n sancti_fw-la bothoni_fw-la ut_fw-la ad_fw-la dom_n &_o possessorem_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la medietatis_fw-la aliis_fw-la pertinen_n partem_fw-la actricem_fw-la &_o prosequentem_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la una_fw-la &_o thomam_fw-la jonesson_n &_o thomam_fw-la rafin_n de_fw-fr villa_n praedicta_fw-la partem_fw-la ream_n defendentem_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la altera_fw-la quae_fw-la coram_fw-la henrico_n bole_n locum_fw-la tenen_fw-la general_a curiae_fw-la admirallitatis_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o for_o the_o three_o record_n instance_a in_o by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n and_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n against_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n and_o in_o matter_n of_o contract_n upon_o business_n to_o be_v agitate_a at_o sea_n i_o have_v show_v four_o out_o of_o the_o chancery_n which_o be_v then_o as_o by_o his_o own_o set_n forth_o appear_v the_o only_a court_n enable_v to_o grant_v prohibition_n in_o case_n the_o admiral_n meddle_v with_o cause_n belong_v unto_o the_o common_a law_n for_o thus_o he_o say_v sundry_a town_n of_o the_o west_n part_n pray_v remedy_n against_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o admiralty_n 146._o for_o hold_v plea_n of_o matter_n determinable_a by_o the_o common_a law_n which_o they_o pray_v may_v be_v revoke_v the_o king_n answer_n be_v the_o chancellor_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o justice_n upon_o hear_v of_o the_o matter_n shall_v remit_v the_o matter_n to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o grant_v a_o prohibition_n and_o as_o these_o record_n be_v of_o far_o great_a antiquity_n than_o those_o by_o he_o instance_a in_o so_o be_v they_o far_o more_o contemporary_a with_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o therefore_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n of_o far_o great_a authority_n beside_o these_o three_o record_n by_o he_o instance_a in_o do_v but_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la set_v forth_o what_o be_v do_v and_o that_o but_o as_o those_o three_o several_a time_n in_o those_o court_n sed_fw-la quo_fw-la jure_fw-la non_fw-la arguitur_fw-la but_o it_o may_v be_v very_o well_o apprehend_v that_o in_o 27_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o last_o of_o those_o statute_n and_o 37_o after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o first_o of_o they_o the_o petition_n upon_o which_o those_o statute_n be_v ground_v and_o from_o whence_o they_o must_v receive_v a_o right_a construction_n begin_v to_o be_v forget_v but_o after_o the_o same_o be_v revive_v and_o bring_v again_o into_o remembrance_n and_o admiralty_n court_n have_v no_o more_o such_o interruption_n but_o proceed_v as_o before_o until_o the_o time_n of_o those_o action_n wherein_o he_o instance_v which_o be_v bring_v in_o far_o late_a time_n than_o the_o former_a when_o the_o say_v petition_n whereunto_o the_o answer_n have_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v reference_n be_v as_o it_o be_v again_o quite_o out_o of_o remembrance_n for_o if_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o those_o statute_n until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o last_o of_o the_o judgement_n instance_a in_o all_o the_o particular_a action_n that_o have_v be_v bring_v and_o â—â—â—tences_n that_o have_v be_v give_v in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n against_o the_o cognizance_n of_o which_o cause_v one_o of_o these_o judgement_n be_v bring_v and_o all_o the_o action_n bring_v and_o sentence_n that_o have_v be_v there_o give_v upon_o contract_n make_v at_o land_n for_o business_n to_o be_v agitate_a at_o sea_n against_o which_o the_o other_o two_o judgement_n be_v bring_v shall_v be_v set_v forth_o i_o may_v bold_o say_v there_o will_v be_v many_o hundred_o for_o one_o and_o i_o may_v very_o well_o and_o very_o just_o cite_v divers_a of_o those_o record_n out_o of_o the_o registry_n of_o the_o admiralty_n for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n in_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o aught_o to_o be_v as_o good_a proof_n for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n whereunto_o they_o do_v belong_v as_o those_o few_o record_n pick_v up_o out_o of_o the_o registry_n of_o the_o common_a law_n court_v aught_o to_o make_v for_o that_o jurisdiction_n whereunto_o they_o belong_v nay_o by_o those_o record_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o constant_a the_o continue_a and_o the_o general_a practice_n and_o usage_n of_o take_v cognizance_n of_o cause_n of_o this_o nature_n 〈…〉_z it_o plain_o appear_v that_o the_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o ancient_o do_v and_o still_o do_v belong_v unto_o that_o court_n for_o in_o land_n business_n who_o land_n or_o soil_n shall_v we_o judge_v that_o to_o be_v but_z his_o who_o have_v general_o continued_o and_o constant_o reap_v the_o crop_n and_o not_o his_o who_o have_v at_o some_o time_n come_v by_o and_o take_v up_o a_o a_o shock_n or_o two_o and_o so_o do_v as_o much_o as_o he_o which_o reap_v where_o he_o never_o sow_v which_o he_o must_v needs_o do_v which_o be_v neither_o verse_v nor_o skill_v in_o jure_fw-la scripto_fw-la in_o that_o law_n which_o be_v positive_o set_v down_o for_o that_o purpose_n but_o shall_v judge_v thereof_o at_o randam_fw-la and_o will_v so_o do_v because_o other_o have_v do_v so_o before_o he_o nor_o under_o correction_n can_v it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v any_o good_a rule_n of_o justice_n to_o judge_v by_o precedent_n for_o if_o one_o man_n or_o more_o have_v judge_v unjust_o and_o not_o according_a to_o law_n i_o will_v not_o have_v it_o say_v that_o he_o which_o know_v the_o law_n be_v notwithstanding_o bind_v to_o judge_v as_o the_o other_o do_v because_o he_o have_v a_o precedent_n for_o it_o but_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o precedent_n over_o and_o as_o i_o have_v in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o this_o treatise_n show_v you_o that_o even_o by_o record_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n and_o common_a law_n thing_n do_v upon_o port_n and_o havens_n be_v cognizable_a in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n so_o i_o shall_v here_o show_v that_o by_o record_n of_o the_o same_o court_v the_o admiralty_n have_v cognizance_n of_o contract_n make_v at_o land_n of_o and_o concern_v maritime_a affair_n and_o business_n agitate_a or_o to_o be_v agitate_a at_o sea_n chap._n viii_o that_o by_o other_o record_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n contract_v make_v at_o land_n concern_v maritime_a affair_n be_v cognoscible_a in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n one_o lodowick_n sutton_n sue_v john_n pettite_n of_o abville_n in_o picardy_n merchant_n andrew_z lord_n and_o daniel_n lancel_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n upon_o several_a maritime_a contract_n make_v between_o they_o in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o say_a pettite_n lord_n and_o lancel_v upon_o their_o complaint_n make_v in_o chancery_n that_o they_o be_v sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n
the_o same_o land_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o very_a next_o year_n viz._n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n reconvert_v into_o sea_n yet_o be_v there_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o colour_n for_o a_o action_n to_o lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o forestalling_a in_o a_o port_n or_o haven_n then_o for_o the_o beforementioned_a judgement_n but_o upon_o another_o ground_n than_o that_o which_o sir_n edward_n coke_n will_v have_v to_o be_v the_o ground_n namely_o because_o a_o port_n or_o haven_n be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o a_o county_n which_o be_v this_o though_o the_o forestalling_a be_v a_o act_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n or_o haven_n yet_o be_v it_o the_o forestalling_a of_o a_o market_n which_o be_v keep_v at_o land_n so_o that_o act_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n or_o haven_n have_v relation_n unto_o the_o market_n which_o be_v at_o land_n and_o so_o the_o act_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n or_o haven_n may_v be_v say_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o market_n which_o be_v at_o land_n and_o within_o the_o body_n of_o a_o county_n and_o that_o act_n upon_o the_o port_n to_o be_v a_o forestalling_a of_o that_o market_n which_o be_v at_o land_n just_o as_o a_o contract_n make_v at_o land_n for_o transport_v good_n by_o sea_n be_v a_o act_n do_v upon_o the_o land_n but_o have_v relation_n to_o a_o thing_n do_v at_o sea_n and_o so_o the_o contract_n though_o make_v at_o land_n be_v a_o thing_n that_o do_v arise_v from_o a_o thing_n do_v or_o to_o be_v do_v at_o sea_n and_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o a_o thing_n either_o do_v or_o to_o be_v do_v at_o land_n within_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n and_o therefore_o be_v this_o contract_n tryable_a in_o the_o admiralty_n and_o not_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o this_o agree_v with_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o fifteen_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o 3._o the_o statute_n be_v true_o examine_v which_o i_o shall_v plain_o show_v when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o contract_n yet_o may_v not_o this_o construction_n of_o the_o forestalling_a upon_o the_o water_n be_v allow_v for_o this_o be_v no_o contract_n make_v for_o the_o performance_n of_o any_o act_n or_o thing_n at_o land_n positive_a and_o therefore_o arise_v not_o from_o any_o act_n or_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v at_o land_n but_o be_v a_o contract_n which_o do_v privative_o debar_v a_o further_a act_n to_o be_v do_v at_o land_n and_o beside_o this_o be_v a_o complete_a act_n have_v reference_n to_o nothing_o more_o yet_o to_o be_v do_v but_o the_o bargain_n be_v make_v the_o comomodity_n buy_v and_o all_o be_v do_v therefore_o be_v this_o forestalling_a triable_a in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o there_o punishable_a as_o will_v hereafter_o appear_v by_o what_o i_o shall_v show_v cap._n in_o several_a chapter_n of_o this_o second_o book_n in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o 19_o h._n 6._o 7._o 7._o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o statute_n do_v restrain_v that_o the_o admiral_n shall_v not_o hold_v plea_n of_o any_o thing_n rise_v within_o any_o of_o the_o county_n of_o this_o nation_n but_o execution_n he_o may_v make_v upon_o the_o land_n this_o statute_n which_o this_o authority_n cit_v must_v be_v the_o same_o before_o mention_v statute_n of_o 15_o ric._n 2._o 3._o therefore_o i_o will_v say_v nothing_o to_o this_o here_o more_o than_o that_o sir_n edward_n coke_n do_v hence_o infer_v that_o though_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o 22_o ass_n pl._n 93._o 93._o that_o every_o water_n which_o flow_v and_o reflow_v be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o it_o follow_v not_o say_v he_o that_o the_o admiral_n shall_v have_v jurisdiction_n there_o unless_o it_o be_v out_o of_o every_o county_n or_o else_o such_o a_o place_n whereof_o the_o country_n can_v take_v knowledge_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n of_o praecitat_fw-la e._n 2._o before_o cite_v but_o how_o this_o have_v any_o reference_n to_o that_o of_o the_o statute_n to_o serve_v for_o his_o purpose_n i_o know_v not_o the_o last_o thing_n against_o that_o which_o be_v say_v 22._o ass_n pl._n 93._o 93._o he_o will_v prove_v by_o that_o of_o 8_o ed._n 2._o praecitat_fw-la before_o cite_a which_o i_o have_v answer_v already_o it_o be_v argue_v out_o of_o fortescue_n cap._n 32._o fol._n 38._o 38._o that_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n be_v confine_v to_o the_o high_a sea_n for_o that_o he_o there_o say_v nam_fw-la si_fw-la quae_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la extra_fw-la corpus_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la comitatus_fw-la regni_fw-la illius_fw-la fiant_fw-la quae_fw-la postmodum_fw-la in_o prohibito_fw-la coram_fw-la admirallo_fw-la angliae_fw-la deducantur_fw-la per_fw-la testes_fw-la illa_fw-la juxta_fw-la legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la sanctiones_fw-la terminari_fw-la debent_fw-la which_o say_v sir_n edward_n coke_n prove_v by_o express_a word_n that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v confine_v to_o the_o high_a sea_n which_o be_v not_o within_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n if_o fortescue_n have_v say_v much_o more_o than_o here_o he_o do_v to_o have_v afford_v he_o a_o better_a foundation_n for_o his_o argument_n than_o this_o which_o he_o have_v say_v do_v i_o shall_v not_o have_v much_o marvel_v at_o it_o for_o he_o that_o conceive_v that_o if_o adam_n have_v not_o sin_v in_o paradise_n all_o the_o world_n have_v be_v govern_v by_o the_o common_a law_n perhaps_o may_v in_o his_o time_n think_v it_o meritorious_a to_o reduce_v as_o much_o of_o the_o world_n as_o he_o can_v to_o the_o subjection_n of_o that_o law_n but_o true_o out_o of_o what_o he_o say_v here_o sir_n edward_n coke_n conclusion_n be_v not_o logical_o to_o be_v deduce_v for_o to_o say_v that_o because_o fortescue_n say_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o high_a sea_n which_o be_v out_o of_o any_o county_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n elsewhere_o be_v no_o better_a a_o argument_n then_o to_o say_v that_o sir_n edward_n coke_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o n._n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v have_v no_o land_n elsewhere_o for_o fortescue_n do_v not_o speak_v this_o exclusive_a to_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n nor_o by_o say_v quae_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la extra_fw-la corpus_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la comitatus_fw-la regni_fw-la illius_fw-la fiant_fw-la do_v he_o aver_v quod_fw-la aliquis_fw-la portus_fw-la maris_fw-la est_fw-la infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la alicujus_fw-la comitatûs_fw-la if_o this_o answer_n do_v not_o satisfy_v add_v the_o answer_n to_o the_o next_o objection_n to_o it_o the_o next_o objection_n be_v deduce_v out_o of_o the_o 2_o rich._n 2._o fol._n 12._o 12._o quod_fw-la hibernici_n sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la admirallo_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la re_fw-la facta_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la which_o say_v he_o agree_v with_o the_o former_a viz._n that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la and_o no_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v but_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v nowhere_o else_o now_o this_o very_a authority_n show_v the_o true_a use_n and_o ground_n of_o this_o distinction_n of_o super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la and_o super_fw-la portum_fw-la maris_fw-la which_o be_v this_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n have_v jurisdiction_n super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la quo_fw-la ad_fw-la hibernicos_fw-la &_o hibernici_n sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la admirallo_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la re_fw-la sacta_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la &_o non_fw-la super_fw-la portum_fw-la hibernicum_n nisi_fw-la per_fw-la appellationem_fw-la and_o so_o it_o be_v between_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n adjoin_v to_o the_o british_a sea_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la have_v the_o dominion_n of_o those_o sea_n as_o be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v and_o prove_v by_o that_o learned_a gentleman_n mr._n selden_n totum_fw-la by_o exceed_v many_o argument_n throughout_o his_o whole_a book_n de_fw-fr dominio_fw-la maris_fw-la call_v mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la which_o i_o have_v touch_v upon_o before_o but_o though_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v the_o dominion_n of_o those_o sea_n yet_o have_v those_o nation_n admiral_n who_o have_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o and_o over_o all_o business_n do_v in_o and_o upon_o their_o own_o port_n so_o that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n jurisdiction_n respectu_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la dominii_fw-la maris_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la quo_fw-la ad_fw-la alius_fw-la omnes_fw-la nationes_fw-la but_o as_o have_v his_o power_n from_o the_o king_n so_o have_v he_o power_n authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n as_o over_o the_o sea_n so_o over_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n of_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o this_o nation_n aswell_o as_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n and_o the_o admiral_n of_o other_o nation_n have_v and_o have_v over_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n belong_v to_o their_o several_a nation_n
be_v proceed_v in_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o have_v their_o determination_n from_o the_o same_o or_o else_o be_v decide_v without_o testimony_n which_o be_v to_o judge_v blindfold_a or_o else_o to_o rest_v unadjudge_v and_o the_o wrong_a and_o injure_a party_n to_o be_v leave_v remediless_a and_o unrelieve_v but_o it_o will_v be_v answer_v that_o in_o such_o case_n they_o may_v have_v a_o commission_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n for_o that_o purpose_n to_o which_o i_o must_v reply_v that_o the_o controversy_n be_v whether_o the_o cognizance_n and_o trial_n of_o cause_n arise_v from_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o common_a law_n or_o to_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n and_o then_o sure_o it_o must_v more_o proper_o belong_v unto_o that_o law_n and_o that_o court_n which_o can_v of_o itself_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o any_o other_o court_n make_v a_o complete_a proceed_n and_o trial_n and_o give_v a_o direct_a judgement_n according_a to_o express_v rule_n of_o justice_n in_o such_o cause_n then_o to_o that_o court_n which_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o another_o court_n can_v do_v neither_o neither_o can_v the_o common_a law_n court_v in_o very_a many_o such_o cause_n of_o itself_o proceed_v for_o want_v of_o such_o commission_n neither_o have_v it_o in_o as_o many_o cause_v any_o express_a rule_n to_o direct_v the_o judicature_n thereof_o i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o some_o few_o of_o those_o law_n which_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n give_v in_o such_o case_n so_o far_o forth_o only_o as_o to_o show_v that_o the_o maritime_a law_n be_v ordain_v as_o well_o for_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n as_o for_o the_o main_a sea_n first_o then_o for_o the_o lade_n of_o a_o ship_n which_o be_v always_o or_o common_o in_o a_o port_n or_o haven_n the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n direct_v who_o of_o the_o ship_n shall_v be_v chargeable_a with_o such_o lade_n as_o shall_v be_v put_v aboard_o the_o say_a ship_n and_o who_o shall_v not_o sunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la in_o navibus_fw-la qui_fw-la custodiae_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la navibus_fw-la praeponuntur_fw-la ut_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o diaetarii_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la igitur_fw-la ex_fw-la his_fw-la receperit_fw-la puto_fw-la in_o exercitorem_fw-la dandam_fw-la actionem_fw-la quia_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la eos_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la officio_fw-la praeponit_fw-la committi_fw-la eye_n permittit_fw-la quanquam_fw-la ipse_fw-la navicularius_fw-la vel_fw-la magister_fw-la id_fw-la faciat_fw-la quod_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d appellant_n sed_fw-la &_o si_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la extet_fw-la tamen_fw-la de_fw-la recepto_fw-la navicularius_fw-la tenebitur_fw-la 3._o non_fw-la debet_fw-la per_fw-la remigem_fw-la aut_fw-la mesonautam_fw-la obligari_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la vel_fw-la 2._o navis_fw-la magistrum_fw-la this_o law_n do_v not_o only_o show_v who_o be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n lade_v aboard_o of_o the_o ship_n but_o likewise_o what_o thing_n they_o be_v chargeable_a for_o and_o say_v quod_fw-la cujusque_fw-la salvum_fw-la fore_fw-la 6._o receperint_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la quamcunque_fw-la rem_fw-la sive_fw-la mercem_fw-la receperint_fw-la and_o lest_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o it_o be_v only_o mean_v of_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n and_o nothing_o else_o it_o explain_v itself_o yet_o further_o and_o say_v ad_fw-la eas_fw-la quoque_fw-la res_fw-la hoc_fw-la edictum_fw-la pertinere_fw-la quae_fw-la mercibus_fw-la accederent_fw-la veluti_fw-la vestimenta_fw-la quibus_fw-la in_o nayibus_fw-la uterentur_fw-la &_o ceterus_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la quotidianum_fw-la eodem_fw-la usum_fw-la habemus_fw-la &_o parvi_fw-la refer_v res_fw-la nostras_fw-la a_o alienas_fw-la intulimus_fw-la si_fw-la tamen_fw-la nostra_fw-la intersit_fw-la salvas_fw-la esse_fw-la 7._o and_o assoon_o as_o such_o merchandize_n and_o other_o commodity_n be_v put_v aboard_o the_o ship_n whether_o she_o be_v upon_o port_n haven_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o that_o be_v exercitor_n navis_fw-la be_v chargeable_a therewith_o and_o if_o the_o same_o be_v there_o lose_v or_o purloin_v or_o sustain_v any_o damage_n hurt_n or_o loss_n whether_o in_o the_o haven_n before_o or_o upon_o the_o sea_n after_o the_o ship_n be_v set_v forward_o on_o her_o voyage_n whether_o it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o mariner_n or_o any_o other_o through_o their_o permission_n or_o negligence_n he_o that_o be_v exercitor_n navis_fw-la be_v to_o make_v good_a the_o same_o for_o say_v the_o law_n recepit_fw-la salvum_fw-la fore_fw-la utrum_fw-la si_fw-la in_o navim_fw-la res_fw-la missae_fw-la ei_fw-la assignatae_fw-la sint_fw-la a_o etsi_fw-la non_fw-la sint_fw-la assignatae_fw-la hoc_fw-la tamen_fw-la ipso_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o navim_fw-la missae_fw-la sint_fw-la receptae_fw-la videntur_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la recepit_fw-la custodiam_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o navini_fw-la illatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la et_fw-la factum_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la nautarum_fw-la praestare_fw-la debet_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o recepit_fw-la vectorum_fw-la and_o in_o these_o case_n two_o several_a maritime_a action_n do_v lie_v whereof_o the_o agent_n have_v his_o choice_n dicendum_fw-la dvas_fw-la proponi_fw-la actiones_fw-la exercitorias_fw-la una_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la recepto_fw-la in_o simplum_fw-la quae_fw-la dicitur_fw-la in_o factum_fw-la altera_fw-la est_fw-la actio_fw-la in_o factum_fw-la è_fw-la delicto_fw-la nautarum_fw-la ex_fw-la quasi_fw-la delicto_fw-la exercitoris_fw-la qui_fw-la videtur_fw-la delinquere_fw-la quod_fw-la improbis_fw-la nautis_fw-la utatur_fw-la et_fw-la haec_fw-la est_fw-la in_o duplum_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o eam_fw-la non_fw-la venit_fw-la factum_fw-la factum_fw-la vectorum_fw-la so_o that_o the_o very_a lade_n of_o good_n aboard_o the_o ship_n charge_v he_o that_o be_v exercitor_n navis_fw-la therewith_o which_o the_o common_a law_n do_v not_o for_o he_o be_v liable_a for_o whatsoever_o his_o mariner_n shall_v do_v aboard_o the_o ship_n be_v she_o in_o port_n haven_n or_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n but_o he_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o what_o they_o shall_v do_v be_v at_o land_n and_o not_o aboard_o the_o ship_n so_o that_o the_o ship_n make_v distinction_n of_o action_n but_o make_v no_o distinction_n at_o all_o between_o she_o be_v upon_o the_o high_a sea_n or_o upon_o port_n or_o haven_n debet_fw-la exercitor_n omnium_fw-la nautarum_fw-la suorum_fw-la sive_fw-la liberi_fw-la sint_fw-la sive_fw-la servi_fw-la factum_fw-la praestare_fw-la nec_fw-la immerito_fw-la factum_fw-la eorum_fw-la praestat_fw-la cum_fw-la ipse_fw-la eos_fw-la svo_fw-la periculo_fw-la adhibuerit_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la exercitor_n alius_fw-la praestat_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la nave_n damnum_fw-la datum_fw-la sit_fw-la caeterum_fw-la si_fw-la extra_fw-la navim_fw-la licet_fw-la a_o nautis_fw-la non_fw-la praestabit_fw-la but_o if_o the_o exercitor_n shall_v receive_v good_n on_o the_o shore_n in_o nave_n custodienda_fw-la sive_fw-la transportanda_fw-la and_o shall_v lose_v they_o or_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v steal_v from_o he_o before_o they_o shall_v be_v lade_v aboard_o the_o say_a ship_n he_o shall_v be_v liable_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n idem_fw-la ita_fw-la ait_fw-la etiam_fw-la si_fw-la nondum_fw-la sint_fw-la res_fw-la in_o navim_fw-la receptae_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o littore_fw-la perierint_fw-la quas_fw-la semel_fw-la recepit_fw-la periculum_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinere_fw-la if_o therefore_o he_o be_v liable_a for_o such_o good_n as_o he_o shall_v receive_v upon_o the_o shore_n to_o be_v put_v aboard_o his_o ship_n and_o transport_v in_o case_n they_o there_o perish_v or_o be_v otherwise_o damnify_v much_o more_o shall_v he_o be_v answerable_a for_o such_o good_n and_o merchandize_n as_o he_o shall_v receive_v or_o shall_v be_v lade_v aboard_o his_o ship_n if_o the_o same_o perish_v or_o be_v damnify_v in_o or_o upon_o the_o port_n or_o haven_n those_o law_n of_o the_o rhodes_n which_o we_o find_v insert_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a sea-law_n extant_a do_v treat_v of_o the_o cast_v overboard_o of_o good_n in_o a_o storm_n or_o tempest_n for_o preservation_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o remainder_n of_o good_n and_o of_o the_o avaridge_n payable_a out_o of_o the_o same_o whether_o the_o ship_n be_v in_o such_o stress_n of_o weather_n upon_o the_o port_n or_o havens_n or_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n and_o the_o rule_v there_o set_v down_o do_v serve_v as_o well_o for_o the_o one_o place_n as_o the_o other_o these_o law_n and_o rule_n be_v general_a and_o not_o restrain_v to_o the_o high_a sea_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o they_o be_v constitute_v and_o ordain_v for_o all_o place_n where_o a_o ship_n may_v fall_v into_o such_o danger_n that_o by_o this_o jactus_fw-la mercium_fw-la the_o ship_n and_o remainder_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandize_n may_v be_v preserve_v and_o such_o danger_n do_v not_o always_o fall_v out_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n but_o oftentimes_o upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n but_o least_o this_o shall_v be_v think_v not_o sufficient_a but_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o sea_n law_n which_o have_v provide_v direction_n sufficient_a for_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o such_o case_n
and_o be_v not_o in_o that_o space_n discharge_v more_o particular_n i_o may_v instance_n in_o out_o of_o the_o say_a law_n of_o oleron_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o how_o far_o the_o say_a law_n be_v extend_v or_o limit_v by_o latter_a writer_n upon_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n but_o that_o will_v be_v a_o work_n more_o proper_o to_o be_v enter_v upon_o when_o this_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n shall_v be_v complete_o settle_v and_o free_v from_o interruption_n in_o its_o due_a proceeding_n i_o shall_v therefore_o only_o set_v down_o this_o last_o judgement_n in_o its_o own_o language_n not_o endeavour_v to_o show_v what_o the_o law_n be_v either_o in_o this_o case_n or_o any_o of_o the_o other_o before_o recite_v but_o to_o conclude_v that_o by_o these_o law_n so_o long_o since_o establish_v for_o the_o direction_n of_o judgement_n in_o maritime_a cause_n it_o plain_o appear_v that_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o that_o all_o difference_n therein_o or_o thereupon_o arise_v be_v cognoscible_a and_o tryable_a in_o the_o same_o the_o word_n of_o the_o judgement_n be_v these_o item_n ordonne_v est_fw-la pour_v custume_n de_fw-fr mer_fw-fr q'se_fw-fr une_fw-fr nef_n arrive_v en_fw-fr ung_a port_n a_o sa_fw-fr droitturier_n le_fw-fr descharge_n &_o demoure_n la_fw-fr nef_n illecq_a '_o chargee_n jusq_n axxi_fw-la jours_fw-fr ounrables_fw-fr la_fw-fr mettre_fw-fr peewit_n be_v mettre_fw-fr horse_n sur_fw-fr ung_a key_n &_o le_fw-fr maistre_fw-mi doit_fw-fr ordonner_fw-fr &_o bailler_n ung_a de_fw-fr ses_fw-fr mariners_z a_o merchant_n pour_fw-fr prendre_fw-fr garde_fw-fr aux_fw-fr vin_n ou_fw-fr autres_fw-fr derrenes_n jusque_fw-la a_fw-fr tant_fw-fr q'le_v maistre_fw-mi soit_fw-fr pay_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fret_n 3â—_n et_fw-fr cest_fw-fr le_fw-fr judgement_n en_fw-fr ce_fw-fr case_z very_o many_o more_o there_o be_v which_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a here_o to_o set_v down_o none_o of_o all_o which_o be_v by_o any_o part_n of_o the_o common_a law_n treat_v of_o at_o all_o nor_o can_v it_o if_o it_o keep_v its_o own_o rule_n render_v the_o same_o judgement_n with_o these_o law_n but_o a_o diverse_a if_o not_o in_o many_o case_n a_o clear_a contrary_n chap._n xi_o that_o by_o the_o ancient_a statute_n of_o the_o admiralty_n settle_v before_o the_o last_o confirmation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n 12_o edw._n 3._o and_o article_n of_o enquiry_n add_v thereunto_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o admiral_n have_v jurisdiction_n upon_o the_o port_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n there_o be_v likewise_o ancient_a statute_n of_o the_o admiralty_n to_o be_v observe_v both_o upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n the_o high_a sea_n and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v comprise_v in_o a_o old_a authentic_a book_n call_v the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n which_o statute_n be_v ingross_v upon_o vellum_n in_o the_o say_a book_n and_o write_v in_o a_o ancient_a hand_n in_o the_o ancient_a french_a language_n which_o plain_o show_v the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n to_o be_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n i_o shall_v set_v down_o only_o one_o of_o those_o statute_n for_o proof_n thereof_o which_o show_v how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n damage_n do_v by_o one_o ship_n unto_o another_o in_o a_o port_n or_o haven_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o high_a sea_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v in_o case_n the_o same_o be_v wilful_o do_v and_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n in_o case_n the_o same_o be_v unwilling_o do_v by_o chance_n by_o reason_n of_o tempest_n or_o other_o mishap_n the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v these_o it_o que_fw-la nulle_fw-la nef_fw-fr ne_fw-fr vessel_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr flotte_n pour_fw-fr orgueil_fw-fr ne_fw-fr pour_fw-fr haine_fw-fr ou_fw-fr envy_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr mer_fw-fr our_o entrants_n es_a port_n ou_fw-fr en_fw-fr port_n ottroie_v veille_fw-fr audommage_n dautre_fw-fr nef_fw-fr ou_fw-fr vessel_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr flotte_n au_fw-fr pris_fw-fr par_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr flotte_n sur_fw-fr pain_n de_fw-fr fair_a plain_n amend_v de_fw-fr ce_fw-fr qui_fw-fr est_fw-fr endommage_n en_fw-fr son_fw-fr default_n &_o qui_fw-fr endommage_n &_o debrysse_n au_fw-fr tres_fw-fr entrant_n aux_fw-fr port_n ou_fw-fr dedens_fw-la port_n ou_fw-fr sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr mere_a neuvoillautz_fw-fr par_fw-fr cause_n de_fw-fr tempeste_fw-fr ou_fw-fr autrement_fw-fr il_fw-fr paiera_fw-fr &_o amendera_fw-la la_fw-fr moiety_n du_fw-fr damage_n a_fw-fr la_fw-fr discretion_n 16._o &_o judgement_n the_o l'admiral_n there_o be_v likewise_o in_o the_o same_o book_n add_v unto_o these_o statute_n the_o oath_n and_o article_n whereupon_o jury_n be_v and_o be_v to_o make_v their_o presentment_n unto_o the_o admiral_n all_o write_v with_o the_o same_o hand_n the_o oath_n only_o in_o old_a english_a the_o article_n in_o the_o same_o language_n with_o the_o statute_n which_o show_v what_o thing_n be_v enquirable_a and_o presentable_a before_o the_o admiral_n and_o there_o punishable_a and_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n such_o offence_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v out_o of_o which_o it_o iâ—_n easy_o and_o plain_o to_o be_v gather_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v a_o full_a and_o complete_a jurisdiction_n exclusive_a to_o all_o other_o upon_o all_o port_n havens_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o verbatim_o the_o oath_n to_o be_v administer_v unto_o the_o jury_n and_o some_o few_o of_o those_o article_n which_o show_v the_o admiral_n power_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o be_v upon_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n the_o oath_n this_o here_o see_v my_o lord_n the_o admiral_n that_o i_o john_n atte_a nashe_n shall_v well_o and_o true_o enquere_v for_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o well_o and_o true_o at_o this_o time_n thou_o serve_v at_o this_o court_n of_o the_o admirate_n present_a as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v in_o knowleche_n or_o may_v have_v by_o information_n of_o eny_z of_o all_o my_o fellow_n of_o all_o mane_n article_n or_o circonstances_fw-fr that_o touchen_n the_o court_n of_o the_o admirate_n and_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o which_o shall_v be_v grate_n to_o i_o at_o this_o time_n and_o i_o thereupon_o swear_v and_o charge_v and_o of_o all_o other_o that_o may_v renew_v in_o my_o mind_n and_o ine_fw-mi shall_v for_o nothing_o let_v that_o be_v for_o to_o say_v for_o franchise_n lordship_n kynreden_n alliance_n friendship_n love_n hatred_n envye_fw-mi enemytee_fw-mi for_o dread_v of_o lose_v of_o goodnee_n for_o non_fw-la other_o cause_n that_o i_o shall_v so_o do_v the_o king_n counseills_n my_o fellow_n and_o my_o owen_n well_o and_o true_o heel_n what_o out_o fraud_n or_o malengyn_v so_o god_n my_o help_n at_o the_o holydome_n and_o by_o this_o book_n 2_o next_o unto_o this_o oath_n be_v set_v forth_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o jurate_n that_o shall_v disclose_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o fellow_n jurate_v to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o admiral_n 18._o the_o very_a first_o and_o second_o article_n to_o be_v give_v in_o charge_n be_v for_o theft_n commit_v upon_o any_o port_n or_o haven_n and_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o set_v down_o these_o be_v the_o word_n in_o the_o article_n soit_fw-fr 18._o aequis_fw-la des_fw-fr larrons_n es_fw-mi port_n comen_fw-fr de_fw-fr cord_n batenlz_n autres_fw-fr anchor_n &_o autres_fw-fr appareâ—ls_fw-fr des_fw-fr nefs_fw-mi se_fw-fr nul_fw-fr est_fw-fr indite_v quill_n a_o fellow_n neusement_n pris_fw-fr ung_a baten_fw-mi ou_fw-fr ancre_fw-fr que_fw-fr pass_v xxi_o d._n il_fw-fr sera_fw-fr pendu_fw-fr sil_fw-fr est_fw-fr de_fw-fr ce_fw-fr convicte_n it_o 18._o see_v a_o cuy_fw-fr est_fw-fr indite_v quill_n a_o fellow_n nensement_n pris_fw-fr ung_a boy_n rope_n de_fw-fr quelle_fw-fr value_n quill_n soit_fw-fr &_o soit_fw-fr lie_n a_o ung_a autre_fw-fr dedens_fw-la leave_n pour_fw-fr la_fw-fr boy_n il_fw-fr sera_fw-fr pendu_fw-fr sil_fw-fr nest_n de_fw-fr ce_fw-fr acquit_v and_o so_o 19_o they_o proceed_v to_o set_v down_o the_o punishment_n of_o he_o that_o shall_v cut_v any_o cable_n whereby_o the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o or_o any_o man_n lose_v his_o life_n etc._n etc._n and_o 19_o of_o such_o as_o shall_v remove_v a_o anchor_n and_o likewise_o of_o such_o as_o shall_v rob_v stranger_n ship_n not_o be_v enemy_n and_o 19_o how_o their_o good_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o they_o though_o they_o pursue_v not_o the_o felon_n to_o death_n and_o 20._o what_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o case_n of_o such_o robbery_n petty_a larceny_n 20._o be_v by_o that_o law_n punishable_a upon_o the_o first_o conviction_n by_o forty_o day_n imprisonment_n upon_o the_o second_o half_o a_o year_n imprisonment_n upon_o the_o three_o death_n by_o the_o next_o 21._o article_n common_a disturber_n of_o ship_n and_o passenger_n either_o upon_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o port_n be_v to_o be_v inquire_v of_o and_o their_o punishment_n be_v therein_o describe_v
nor_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n any_o more_o apt_a to_o rule_v the_o business_n of_o the_o land_n than_o a_o horse_n be_v fit_a for_o a_o sea_n voyage_n or_o a_o ship_n for_o a_o land_n journey_n and_o then_o can_v justice_n be_v say_v to_o be_v herself_o while_o she_o shall_v do_v right_a in_o one_o thing_n and_o wrong_v in_o another_o or_o while_o she_o shall_v render_v that_o which_o be_v just_a in_o one_o matter_n when_o it_o be_v require_v and_o can_v afford_v no_o help_n at_o all_o in_o another_o when_o it_o be_v expect_v justice_n say_v cicero_n est_fw-la habitus_fw-la animi_fw-la communi_fw-la utilitate_fw-la servatâ_fw-la suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la tribuens_fw-la justice_n do_v every_o man_n right_a still_o preserve_v the_o common_a good_a i_o will_v not_o here_o say_v how_o slow_o justice_n have_v oftentimes_o put_v right_a forward_o and_o as_o it_o be_v but_o soar_v in_o a_o circle_n by_o one_o wing_n strive_v to_o outfly_v the_o other_o but_o here_o i_o will_v say_v that_o 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damnify_v in_o the_o lade_n of_o they_o sometime_o in_o the_o unlade_v of_o they_o sometime_o in_o the_o ship_n sometime_o in_o the_o light_a etc._n etc._n sometime_o they_o be_v damnify_v by_o one_o ship_n or_o vessel_n fall_v fowl_n on_o another_o and_o that_o sometime_o by_o the_o negligence_n or_o carelessness_n of_o the_o master_n or_o mariner_n of_o either_o of_o they_o sometime_o of_o both_o sometime_o of_o neither_o but_o through_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o weather_n or_o through_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o season_n happen_v either_o by_o mist_n or_o night_n etc._n etc._n which_o can_v not_o be_v help_v or_o prevent_v by_o either_o the_o care_n or_o diligence_n of_o the_o master_n or_o their_o mariner_n sometime_o the_o ship_n by_o such_o mean_n be_v damnnify_v only_o and_o not_o the_o good_n sometime_o the_o good_n and_o not_o the_o ship_n sometime_o both_o ship_n and_o good_n sometime_o the_o like_a fall_v out_o for_o want_n of_o a_o pilot_n sometime_o through_o the_o ignorance_n and_o unskilfulness_n of_o such_o pilot_n etc._n etc._n i_o may_v here_o instance_n in_o very_a many_o more_o particular_n wherein_o this_o commerce_n which_o consist_v in_o ship_v and_o merchandize_v voyage_n and_o affair_n do_v differ_v from_o other_o trade_n use_v and_o occupy_v in_o land_n business_n those_o be_v far_o more_o perilous_a and_o dangerous_a than_o these_o and_o be_v likewise_o far_o more_o subject_a to_o depredation_n pyratical_a robbery_n and_o spoil_n then_o these_o all_o which_o difference_n must_v needs_o introduce_v a_o law_n for_o the_o regulate_v the_o various_a and_o divers_a controversy_n that_o must_v needs_o arise_v by_o reason_n thereof_o far_o different_a and_o distinct_a from_o that_o law_n which_o rule_v and_o guide_v the_o determination_n of_o such_o controversy_n and_o debate_n which_o happen_v in_o land_n business_n not_o subject_a to_o such_o or_o the_o like_a casualty_n danger_n and_o damage_n arise_v from_o so_o divers_a various_a 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at_o all_o exercise_v or_o use_v in_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o difference_n in_o land_n business_n nor_o any_o way_n proper_a for_o they_o although_o many_o of_o the_o other_o title_n and_o law_n which_o be_v for_o land_n business_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o proceed_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o determination_n of_o maritime_a cause_n and_o that_o neither_o those_o general_a law_n which_o serve_v for_o both_o nor_o these_o particular_a law_n which_o serve_v for_o marine_a cause_n only_o be_v either_o abolish_v take_v from_o or_o disuse_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_v in_o foreign_a part_n but_o that_o the_o same_o be_v of_o most_o especial_a use_n in_o the_o same_o for_o proof_n hereof_o i_o may_v cite_v the_o disputation_n decision_n determination_n and_o judgement_n of_o divers_a and_o very_o many_o if_o not_o of_o all_o and_o all_o manner_n of_o cause_n set_v forth_o in_o several_a author_n of_o several_a nation_n in_o several_a age_n and_o time_n even_o to_o this_o present_a age_n which_o be_v all_o ground_a upon_o the_o same_o law_n and_o do_v cite_v and_o quote_v the_o same_o for_o their_o their_o foundation_n and_o proof_n of_o what_o they_o conclude_v and_o determine_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o but_o no_o man_n can_v conceive_v that_o this_o collection_n of_o so_o many_o cause_n out_o of_o so_o many_o several_a volume_n can_v be_v contain_v in_o one_o so_o small_a as_o i_o intend_v this_o and_o some_o and_o those_o not_o a_o few_o will_v think_v it_o a_o vain_a and_o needless_a work_n to_o jumble_v so_o many_o author_n together_o to_o no_o other_o purpose_n then_o to_o confute_v so_o plain_a a_o error_n as_o no_o man_n that_o have_v be_v at_o all_o verse_v in_o the_o proceed_n of_o foreign_a judicature_n can_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v i_o shall_v therefore_o instance_n only_o in_o some_o few_o particular_a writer_n of_o these_o latter_a time_n of_o most_o common_a use_n and_o most_o general_o know_v i_o shall_v step_v no_o further_o back_o then_o unto_o peckius_n sometime_o principal_a of_o the_o juridical_a order_n in_o the_o university_n of_o louvain_n in_o france_n who_o collect_v and_o gather_v together_o several_a title_n by_o he_o pick_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o principal_o belong_v unto_o maritime_a affair_n and_o write_v a_o comment_n upon_o the_o same_o which_o be_v there_o print_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 1556_o above_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o for_o the_o use_n of_o such_o as_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o judicature_n or_o practice_n in_o the_o law_n in_o admiralty_n court_v concern_v marine_a business_n in_o which_o commentary_n he_o do_v not_o only_o cite_v divers_a other_o civil_a law_n author_n but_o likewise_o enforce_v extend_v and_o limit_v the_o understanding_n and_o construction_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o several_a law_n comprehend_v under_o those_o several_a title_n by_o other_o particular_a law_n set_v forth_o under_o several_a other_o title_n within_o the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o necessary_o he_o must_v do_v have_v not_o take_v in_o all_o those_o title_n which_o concern_v the_o business_n as_o himself_o confess_v in_o the_o very_a title_n of_o his_o book_n which_o he_o say_v be_v commentaria_fw-la in_o omnes_fw-la penè_fw-la juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la titulos_fw-la ad_fw-la rem_fw-la nauticam_fw-la pertinentes_fw-la a_o commentary_n upon_o almost_o all_o the_o title_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o concern_v maritime_a affair_n but_o indeed_o they_o be_v not_o near_o all_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o divers_a particular_a law_n which_o concern_v the_o same_o and_o be_v intermix_v with_o other_o law_n under_o other_o title_n and_o some_o title_n he_o meddle_v not_o with_o which_o whole_o concern_v such_o matter_n and_o nothing_o else_o nor_o do_v he_o at_o all_o treat_v upon_o any_o other_o law_n which_o concern_v such_o affair_n and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o all_o admiralty_n court_v together_o with_o the_o civil_a law_n wherefore_o vinius_n a_o learned_a civilian_n of_o the_o low_a country_n make_v a_o additional_a commentary_n upon_o the_o same_o title_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o upon_o the_o commentary_n of_o the_o say_v peckius_n and_o set_v forth_o the_o same_o which_o be_v print_v at_o leyden_n in_o holland_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n one_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o forty_o seven_o wherein_o he_o undertake_v not_o only_o to_o explicate_v and_o unfold_v those_o title_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o principal_o concern_v maritime_a affair_n as_o peckius_n have_v do_v before_o but_o also_o to_o adjoyn_v thereunto_o the_o law_n of_o wisbaith_n the_o law_n of_o oleron_n the_o law_n set_v forth_o in_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr consulatu_fw-la maris_fw-la and_o likewise_o the_o maritime_a law_n of_o the_o rhodes_n jus_fw-la navale_fw-mi rhodiorum_n quod_fw-la ad_fw-la finem_fw-la tomi_n secundi_fw-la juris_fw-la graeco_fw-la romano_n relatum_fw-la est_fw-la a_o marquardo_fw-it trahero_n v._o cl._n as_o he_o himself_o say_v that_o his_o say_a work_n may_v be_v useful_a to_o all_o nation_n in_o their_o judgement_n and_o determination_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o controversy_n and_o therefore_o say_v thus_o come_v in_o animo_fw-la haberem_fw-la locos_fw-la juris_fw-la nostri_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la rem_fw-la nauticam_fw-la pertinent_a non_fw-la explicare_fw-la tantùm_fw-la verum_fw-la etiam_fw-la cum_fw-la generis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la institutis_fw-la &_o moribus_fw-la aliorum_fw-la populorum_fw-la confer_v atque_fw-la ad_fw-la usum_fw-la quendam_fw-la accommodare_fw-la communem_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o although_o that_o for_o the_o due_a administration_n of_o justice_n in_o a_o admiralty_n court_n the_o learning_n in_o and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n in_o these_o last_o mention_v book_n be_v very_o requisite_a that_o the_o same_o justice_n which_o one_o nation_n afford_v to_o another_o may_v be_v by_o that_o other_o render_v unto_o that_o nation_n again_o and_o it_o obtain_v the_o same_o yet_o be_v the_o learning_n and_o
knowledge_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o guide_v and_o direct_v both_o the_o proceed_n and_o judgement_n in_o all_o admiralty_n of_o europe_n as_o necessary_a and_o far_o more_o requisite_a for_o he_o that_o will_v justify_v to_o any_o other_o nation_n or_o learned_a civilian_n his_o due_a and_o legal_a proceed_n and_o justify_v his_o judgement_n and_o determination_n in_o maritime_a cause_n though_o according_a to_o the_o law_n before_o mention_v for_o vinius_n himself_o in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a to_o the_o consul_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o his_o say_a work_n prefix_a who_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o regard_n that_o which_o he_o then_o say_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n he_o say_v not_o to_o any_o that_o i_o now_o write_v will_v be_v believe_v before_o i_o that_o may_v be_v think_v to_o speak_v for_o my_o profession_n in_o my_o own_o country_n affirm_v that_o peckius_n in_o his_o work_n intend_v to_o keep_v himself_o within_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a or_o roman_a law_n yet_o he_o do_v by_o that_o work_n show_v that_o he_o want_v not_o the_o perfection_n of_o learning_n or_o solid_a and_o sound_a knowledge_n of_o law_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n ac_fw-la forâ—asse_v peckius_n intra_fw-la limit_n juris_fw-la romani_fw-la se_fw-la continere_fw-la voluit_fw-la vicunque_fw-la sit_fw-la ostendit_fw-la sane_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o opere_fw-la peckius_n sibi_fw-la non_fw-la defuisse_fw-la justam_fw-la eruditionem_fw-la solidamque_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o multarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la scientiam_fw-la and_o this_o i_o will_v further_o add_v that_o he_o that_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n only_o and_o without_o the_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n which_o other_o author_n afford_v have_v justam_fw-la eruditionem_fw-la a_o just_a perfect_a or_o ground_a learning_n or_o skill_n and_o thereby_o this_o solidam_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o multarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la scientiam_fw-la this_o solid_a and_o sound_a knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o multiplicity_n of_o business_n or_o matter_n for_o which_o the_o same_o be_v compose_v and_o continue_v may_v be_v fit_a to_o judge_v and_o determine_v of_o these_o maritime_a matter_n and_o controversy_n which_o happen_v concern_v the_o same_o when_o as_o he_o which_o have_v the_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n of_o these_o other_o author_n only_o and_o have_v no_o perfection_n in_o the_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v very_o defective_a in_o the_o proceed_n to_o the_o due_a or_o just_a judgement_n therein_o but_o herein_o i_o shall_v plain_o agree_v with_o this_o my_o learned_a author_n vinius_n that_o these_o author_n be_v of_o very_o good_a use_n &_o may_v conduce_v much_o to_o the_o perfection_n of_o he_o that_o be_v either_o to_o judge_v or_o determine_v of_o such_o controversy_n or_o shall_v be_v practicant_a in_o the_o same_o and_o likewise_o in_o that_o he_o further_o add_v in_o the_o same_o place_n viz._n that_o notwithstanding_o the_o most_o perfect_a knowledge_n and_o learning_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o these_o other_o maritime_a law_n it_o be_v sometime_o and_o in_o some_o thing_n requisite_a to_o make_v use_n of_o and_o consult_v with_o such_o merchant_n and_o mariner_n as_o be_v expert_a and_o skilful_a in_o navagation_n and_o commerce_n equidem_fw-la inficior_fw-la in_o negotiis_fw-la nauticis_fw-la nonnunquam_fw-la confugiendum_fw-la esse_fw-la ad_fw-la expertes_fw-la sive_fw-la nautas_fw-la sive_fw-la mercatores_fw-la aliosve_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la peritos_fw-la yet_o this_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n use_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v do_v but_o where_o some_o such_o thing_n fall_v out_o whereof_o there_o be_v nothing_o certain_a set_v down_o in_o the_o write_a law_n or_o introduce_v by_o custom_n so_o that_o i_o with_o my_o same_o author_n affirm_v the_o same_o with_o that_o learned_a civilian_n benveautus_n straccha_n in_o these_o word_n caeterum_fw-la nego_fw-la id_fw-la fieri_fw-la solere_fw-la aut_fw-la debere_fw-la nisi_fw-la ut_fw-la rectè_fw-la monet_fw-la prudentissimus_fw-la straccha_n tale_n quid_fw-la occurrat_fw-la de_fw-la quo_fw-la nihil_fw-la certi_fw-la aut_fw-la scripto_fw-la jure_fw-la cautum_fw-la aut_fw-la conâ—uetudâ—ne_fw-la introductum_fw-la est_fw-la now_o see_v that_o these_o marine_a controversy_n and_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v adjudge_v and_o determine_v by_o these_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n certain_o then_o be_v none_o so_o fit_a to_o hear_v and_o decide_v the_o same_o as_o those_o that_o be_v well_o verse_v and_o skill_v in_o these_o law_n which_o necessary_o must_v be_v such_o as_o spend_v their_o whole_a time_n pain_n and_o labour_n in_o the_o study_n thereof_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n do_v better_o understand_v the_o diversity_n of_o such_o law_n and_o gather_v more_o knowledge_n therein_o then_o such_o as_o be_v daily_o employ_v in_o foreign_a affair_n and_o continual_o busy_v in_o multitude_n of_o negotiation_n which_o bring_v home_n a_o golden_a harvest_n which_o will_v not_o be_v leave_v or_o at_o any_o time_n set_v apart_o to_o give_v way_n for_o the_o study_n of_o those_o law_n which_o bring_v in_o no_o such_o profit_n such_o man_n will_v rather_o be_v find_v in_o their_o sellars_n and_o warehouse_n among_o their_o rich_a and_o precious_a commodity_n which_o be_v to_o be_v barter_v and_o sell_v then_o in_o study_n among_o musty_a book_n that_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v and_o not_o part_v with_o and_o will_v rather_o be_v see_v upon_o a_o exchange_n mart_n or_o meeting-place_n of_o merchant_n then_o upon_o a_o bench_n of_o justice_n and_o in_o this_o my_o say_a author_n vinius_n agree_v with_o i_o who_o say_v caetera_fw-la enim_fw-la scire_fw-la possunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la qui_fw-la vitam_fw-la umbratilem_fw-la colunt_fw-la &_o high_a si_fw-la quid_fw-la literis_fw-la mandare_fw-la volunt_fw-la plura_fw-la conquirere_fw-la solent_fw-la &_o curiosiùs_fw-la cuncta_fw-la rimari_fw-la quam_fw-la aut_fw-la pragmatici_fw-la qui_fw-la rarò_fw-la relictâ_fw-la mess_n aureâ_fw-la quam_fw-la assidua_fw-la rerum_fw-la forensium_fw-la affert_fw-la tractatio_fw-la literarum_fw-la monumentis_fw-la unde_fw-la nullus_fw-la praeventus_fw-la est_fw-la student_fw-la aut_fw-la quilibet_fw-la alii_fw-la quos_fw-la nimia_fw-la &_o circumfusa_fw-la obsidet_fw-la &_o opprimit_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la multitudo_fw-la and_o now_o since_o i_o have_v thus_o far_o deviate_v and_o digress_v from_o the_o way_n that_o i_o be_v in_o give_v i_o leave_v here_o in_o so_o necessary_a a_o course_n or_o rather_o discourse_v to_o go_v a_o little_a further_o and_o afterward_o get_v home_o again_o as_o well_o as_o i_o can_v let_v i_o show_v of_o what_o necessary_a use_n the_o civilian_n be_v in_o these_o admiralty_n court_v which_o have_v the_o decision_n of_o maritime_a controversy_n and_o how_o unfit_a other_o man_n not_o verse_v or_o skill_v in_o that_o law_n be_v for_o the_o undertake_n thereof_o i_o know_v it_o will_v be_v object_v unto_o i_o in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o some_o admiralty_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v regulate_v and_o rule_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o judicature_n of_o merchant_n and_o other_o feafaring_a man_n well_o experience_v in_o matter_n of_o that_o nature_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o be_o no_o traveller_n and_o that_o in_o regard_n have_v not_o be_v among_o these_o mercatorian_n and_o nautical_a judge_n but_o yet_o have_v i_o in_o my_o study_n travel_v through_o the_o decision_n and_o determination_n of_o many_o foreign_a judicature_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n i_o believe_v do_v know_v their_o law_n somewhat_o better_a than_o they_o which_o have_v travel_v through_o those_o country_n but_o not_o through_o those_o court_n and_o i_o do_v find_v that_o where_o such_o mercatorian_a and_o nautical_a judge_n be_v they_o be_v either_o civilian_n themselves_o or_o at_o least_o far_o better_o verse_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n then_o any_o of_o the_o merchant_n or_o mariner_n of_o our_o nation_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v or_o else_o they_o be_v not_o only_o assist_v but_o regulate_v and_o rule_v by_o civilian_n and_o moreover_o by_o certain_a letter_n yet_o remain_v in_o my_o study_n which_o i_o have_v in_o that_o short_a time_n that_o i_o have_v be_v verse_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o england_n receive_v from_o such_o foreign_a admiralty_n court_v and_o the_o copy_n of_o letter_n which_o be_v unto_o they_o return_v in_o answer_n and_o their_o reply_n thereunto_o i_o can_v show_v that_o upon_o contest_v for_o the_o right_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o cognizance_n of_o cause_n which_o have_v happen_v between_o foreigner_n and_o english_a whether_o the_o cause_n be_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o their_o court_n or_o this_o that_o they_o have_v urge_v and_o quote_v the_o civil_a law_n for_o the_o foundation_n of_o their_o argument_n for_o their_o right_n of_o jurisdiction_n therein_o and_o have_v receive_v satisfaction_n by_o answer_n frame_v out_o of_o the_o same_o law_n unto_o their_o say_a argument_n if_o i_o shall_v here_o set_v forth_o those_o letter_n and_o copy_n it_o will_v thereby_o appear_v that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n of_o england_n have_v be_v maintain_v and_o defend_v by_o civilian_n
etc._n etc._n in_o which_o title_n these_o particular_n be_v define_v what_o they_o be_v what_o make_v they_o so_o to_o be_v and_o what_o make_v they_o not_o to_o be_v so_o and_o be_v likewise_o distinguish_v into_o several_a sort_n each_o of_o which_o be_v terminate_v and_o limit_v unto_o its_o proper_a bound_n as_o when_o this_o nauticum_fw-la foenus_fw-la be_v distinguish_v into_o heteroplum_n and_o amphoteroplum_fw-la as_o some_o author_n term_v it_o heteroplum_fw-la cum_fw-la commeatus_fw-la tantum_fw-la periculum_fw-la foenerator_fw-la suscepit_fw-la amphoteroplum_fw-la cum_fw-la &_o commeatus_fw-la &_o remeatus_fw-la periculum_fw-la suscepit_fw-la the_o one_o when_o he_o undertake_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o ship_n only_o outward_a bind_v or_o only_o homeward_o bind_v the_o other_o when_o he_o undergo_v the_o danger_n both_o of_o the_o outward_a and_o homeward_a voyage_n and_o many_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n of_o which_o the_o common_a law_n have_v not_o one_o word_n that_o ever_o i_o can_v hear_v of_o much_o less_o any_o rule_n to_o guide_v the_o professor_n thereof_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o such_o thing_n in_o bill_n of_o sale_n of_o ship_n etc._n etc._n though_o make_v at_o land_n the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o same_o be_v make_v can_v if_o withstand_v obtain_v the_o possession_n thereof_o but_o by_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n and_o power_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o every_o ship_n that_o be_v build_v may_v have_v many_o part_n owner_n and_o most_o common_o she_o have_v and_o before_o she_o can_v be_v complete_o build_v tackle_a victual_v fit_v and_o prepare_v to_o put_v to_o sea_n a_o great_a number_n of_o several_a tradesman_n must_v necessary_o have_v be_v employ_v therein_o and_o be_v assist_v thereunto_o which_o can_v with_o any_o possibility_n every_o of_o they_o repair_v to_o every_o owner_n some_o possible_o be_v or_o inhabit_v beyond_o the_o sea_n other_o some_o in_o this_o nation_n if_o all_o in_o this_o nation_n yet_o oftentimes_o some_o in_o one_o place_n some_o in_o another_o far_o remote_a each_o from_o other_o and_o from_o the_o place_n of_o such_o her_o building_n tackle_a etc._n etc._n to_o make_v his_o particular_a contract_n with_o he_o for_o his_o material_n workmanship_n victual_n or_o other_o furniture_n and_o necessary_n so_o that_o necessary_o some_o one_o of_o the_o owner_n which_o common_o have_v not_o above_o a_o eight_o sixteen_o or_o two_o and_o thirty_o part_n and_o sometime_o one_o that_o have_v no_o part_n at_o all_o be_v by_o the_o rest_n make_v mr._n of_o she_o and_o contract_v with_o all_o these_o several_a tradesman_n who_o regard_v not_o his_o ability_n by_o reason_n the_o ship_n itself_o be_v by_o the_o maritime_a law_n liable_a for_o the_o payment_n of_o every_o man_n particular_a debt_n which_o law_n must_v necessary_o take_v place_n or_o else_o few_o or_o no_o ship_n be_v build_v and_o employ_v for_o trade_n for_o at_o the_o common_a law_n i_o conceive_v they_o can_v have_v only_o their_o several_a action_n against_o the_o master_n with_o who_o they_o contract_v who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o one_o three_o part_n of_o they_o and_o many_o time_n not_o to_o one_o particular_a man_n if_o one_o ship_n shall_v do_v damage_n to_o another_o either_o at_o the_o main_a sea_n or_o upon_o any_o creek_n port_n or_o haven_n the_o damage_n must_v be_v sue_v for_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o judgement_n give_v according_a to_o the_o maritime_a law_n which_o prescribe_v every_o ship_n her_o rule_n how_o to_o steer_v her_o course_n both_o go_v out_o to_o sea_n or_o come_v in_o from_o sea_n or_o ride_v at_o sea_n which_o plain_o demonstrate_v which_o ship_n be_v in_o fault_n by_o which_o the_o judgement_n must_v be_v regulate_v and_o no_o action_n can_v be_v so_o proper_o commence_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o these_o damage_n for_o that_o the_o owner_n damnify_v can_v very_o hardly_o arrest_v all_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o other_o ship_n which_o do_v the_o damage_n nor_o indeed_o can_v any_o of_o those_o owner_n by_o that_o law_n be_v liable_a to_o such_o arrest_n but_o the_o master_n who_o if_o solvent_a will_v not_o come_v on_o shore_n but_o take_v his_o employment_n in_o some_o other_o ship_n outward_a bind_v so_o that_o the_o remedy_n lie_v proper_o against_o the_o ship_n by_o the_o maritime_a law_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v if_o a_o contract_n be_v make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n concern_v any_o maritime_a business_n by_o bill_n or_o otherwise_o the_o same_o be_v not_o cognizable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n by_o their_o own_o book_n neither_o indeed_o if_o it_o be_v can_v it_o receive_v the_o same_o judgement_n it_o shall_v by_o the_o civil_a and_o maritime_a law_n for_o a_o verbal_a contract_n be_v not_o make_v by_o assumsit_n there_o as_o here_o it_o be_v nor_o in_o a_o contract_n make_v in_o writing_n be_v any_o thing_n more_o require_v or_o think_v necessary_a than_o the_o sign_v or_o subscribe_v of_o a_o bill_n for_o performance_n etc._n etc._n and_o sometime_o the_o seal_n but_o never_o the_o delivery_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o such_o ceremony_n there_o use_v or_o know_v without_o which_o by_o the_o common-law_n as_o i_o have_v hear_v it_o be_v nothing_o so_o that_o the_o english_a merchant_n or_o other_o seafaring_a man_n bill_n here_o sign_v seal_v and_o delivete_v according_a to_o the_o formality_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o that_o case_n require_v shall_v be_v sue_v in_o any_o court_n beyond_o the_o sea_n prove_v good_a against_o he_o without_o due_a examination_n of_o half_a the_o say_a formality_n whereas_o the_o foreigner_n bill_n which_o be_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n and_o usage_n of_o those_o part_n from_o which_o they_o will_v not_o by_o avy_z mean_n depart_v sometime_o only_o sign_v sometime_o seal_v sometime_o both_o but_o never_o deliver_v shall_v for_o want_n of_o this_o one_o formality_n of_o delivery_n 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here_o and_o but_o a_o needless_a one_o when_o some_o few_o instance_n may_v satisfy_v a_o wise_a man_n that_o intend_v not_o to_o quarrel_v i_o shall_v endeavour_v here_o in_o a_o word_n to_o satisfy_v but_o one_o doubt_n by_o the_o way_n and_o so_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o judgement_n to_o the_o answer_v the_o argument_n bring_v against_o the_o admiral_n cognizace_n of_o these_o contract_n it_o be_v object_v that_o other_o nation_n have_v their_o several_a municipal_a law_n as_o well_o as_o england_n and_o that_o therefore_o these_o contract_n may_v as_o well_o be_v try_v by_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o nation_n as_o by_o any_o municipal_a law_n of_o another_o i_o answer_v that_o they_o have_v in_o several_a nation_n several_a different_a municipal_a law_n whereby_o they_o be_v govern_v within_o themselves_o as_o we_o be_v here_o yet_o be_v those_o municipal_a law_n all_o ground_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o be_v no_o more_o different_a one_o from_o another_o than_o one_o and_o the_o same_o lesson_n play_v upon_o several_a instrument_n in_o several_a strain_n nor_o do_v otherwise_o differ_v then_o as_o the_o several_a interpretation_n of_o several_a man_n upon_o they_o have_v differ_v as_o in_o many_o doctrinal_a point_n in_o divinity_n various_a construction_n have_v be_v render_v even_o upon_o the_o very_a text_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n according_a to_o several_a apprehension_n and_o opinion_n of_o several_a man_n for_o upon_o all_o their_o decision_n and_o determination_n they_o quote_v the_o civil_a law_n c._n and_o the_o authentic_a writer_n and_o commentator_n thereon_o as_o be_v already_o say_v li._n 2._o c._n and_o as_o the_o controversy_n happen_v and_o arise_v between_o one_o nation_n and_o another_o be_v not_o to_o be_v decide_v by_o either_o of_o their_o municipal_a law_n that_o be_v a_o way_n to_o raise_v a_o new_a controversy_n by_o which_o