account_n against_o the_o other_o secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la mercatoriam_fw-la but_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n if_o two_o man_n be_v joint_o seize_v of_o other_o good_n the_o one_o shall_v not_o call_v the_o other_o to_o account_v for_o the_o same_o 2._o if_o two_o merchant_n have_v a_o joint_a interest_n in_o merchandize_n if_o one_o die_v the_o survivor_n shall_v not_o have_v all_o but_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o party_n decease_v shall_v by_o the_o law-merchant_n call_v the_o survivor_n to_o a_o account_n for_o the_o moiety_n whereas_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n if_o their_o be_fw-mi two_o joint_a tenant_n of_o other_o good_n the_o survivor_n perjus_fw-la accrescendi_fw-la shall_v have_v all_o 3._o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o simple_a contract_n which_o be_v without_o a_o deed_n in_o write_v the_o defendant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n may_v wage_v his_o law_n that_o be_v he_o may_v bar_v the_o plaintiff_n from_o his_o action_n by_o take_v a_o oath_n that_o he_o do_v not_o owe_v the_o debt_n but_o when_o one_o john_n cumpton_n merchant_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la mercatoriam_fw-la against_o another_o merchant_n upon_o a_o contract_n without_o deed_n and_o the_o defendant_n will_v have_v wage_v his_o law_n he_o be_v not_o permit_v so_o to_o do_v and_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v not_o hereby_o intend_v that_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n can_v or_o do_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o law-merchant_n in_o merchant_n case_n but_o that_o other_o thing_n likewise_o consider_v it_o may_v be_v think_v reasonable_a if_o they_o so_o desire_v to_o allow_v they_o the_o choice_n of_o that_o court_n where_o the_o law-merchant_n be_v more_o respect_v than_o to_o confine_v they_o to_o other_o court_n where_o another_o law_n be_v more_o predominant_a beside_o there_o may_v be_v danger_n of_o doubt_n thereof_o because_o those_o thing_n be_v not_o approve_v for_o proof_n at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o be_v hold_v sufficient_a in_o the_o admiralty_n among_o the_o merchant_n for_o as_o sir_n john_n davies_n further_o observe_v at_o the_o common_a law_n no_o man_n write_v can_v be_v plead_v against_o he_o as_o his_o act_n and_o deed_n unless_o the_o same_o be_v seal_v and_o deliver_v but_o in_o suit_n between_o merchant_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v but_o ticquet_n without_o seal_n letter_n of_o advice_n and_o credence_n policy_n of_o assurance_n assignation_n of_o debt_n all_o which_o be_v of_o no_o force_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v of_o good_a credit_n and_o force_v by_o the_o law-merchant_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v what_o malines_n observe_v that_o the_o bearer_n of_o such_o bill_n by_o the_o course_n among_o merchant_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o demand_v and_o recover_v the_o contract_n without_o letter_n of_o attorney_n which_o be_v not_o admit_v in_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v moreover_o considerable_a that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n look_v one_o way_n when_o the_o common_a law_n look_v another_o as_o for_o instance_n a_o ship_n be_v freight_v or_o hire_v for_o a_o voyage_n to_o the_o indies_n at_o 20_o l._n per_fw-la month_n by_o charter-party_n it_o appear_v that_o have_v be_v eight_o month_n in_o the_o employment_n of_o the_o merchant_n who_o freight_v she_o before_o she_o make_v any_o port_n with_o her_o lade_n she_o perish_v in_o the_o sea_n in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o it_o have_v be_v aver_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n ought_v to_o have_v freight_n for_o eight_o month_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o have_v always_o be_v allow_v the_o merchant_n lose_v his_o good_n the_o owner_n lose_v his_o freight_n again_o if_o the_o owner_n lose_v his_o freight_n the_o mariner_n although_o he_o escape_v lose_v his_o wage_n for_o the_o time_n he_o serve_v which_o happy_o will_v not_o be_v think_v so_o if_o he_o sue_v at_o the_o guild-hall_n for_o the_o same_o three_o for_o encouragement_n and_o advantage_n of_o those_o who_o use_v navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n it_o be_v considerable_a that_o in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n may_v be_v bring_v against_o diverse_a and_o several_a person_n undertake_v the_o same_o business_n as_o when_o many_o join_v in_o subscription_n to_o a_o policy_n of_o assurance_n but_o if_o a_o suit_n be_v bring_v at_o the_o common_a law_n every_o man_n must_v be_v sue_v several_o which_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o act_n concern_v assurance_n hold_v inconvenient_a and_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n divers_a and_o several_a person_n may_v join_v in_o the_o same_o suit_n as_o mariner_n for_o wage_n at_o a_o small_a charge_n to_o themselves_o with_o little_a prejudice_n to_o the_o master_n or_o owner_n which_o be_v sue_v and_o obtain_v a_o decree_n or_o order_n all_o together_o whereas_o when_o they_o sue_v at_o the_o guild-hall_n every_o man_n sue_v several_o to_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o every_o particular_a and_o to_o the_o excessive_a damage_n of_o the_o master_n or_o owner_n if_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o they_o beside_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o which_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 28._o of_o hen._n the_o 8._o cap._n 15._o take_v notice_n that_o if_o mariner_n or_o shipper_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o often_o voyage_n and_o passage_n must_v depart_v without_o long_a tarry_n and_o protract_v of_o time_n be_v enforce_v to_o attend_v the_o ordinary_a term_n of_o the_o common_a law_n four_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o the_o conveniency_n and_o dispatch_n of_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n cause_n admit_v of_o proof_n which_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n do_v not_o allow_v for_o in_o that_o court_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v be_v relieve_v by_o the_o defendant_n answer_v upon_o oath_n which_o in_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o afford_v again_o whereas_o in_o those_o court_v the_o evidence_n must_v be_v produce_v at_o the_o bar_n before_o the_o jury_n seaman_n and_o mariner_n which_o be_v many_o time_n necessary_a witness_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o express_v can_v be_v present_a without_o great_a prejudice_n to_o themselves_o and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n they_o may_v be_v produce_v at_o any_o time_n after_o the_o suit_n be_v begin_v and_o their_o examination_n be_v take_v in_o write_v they_o have_v liberty_n to_o follow_v their_o own_o and_o the_o common_a occasion_n moreover_o many_o time_n in_o cause_n concern_v navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n no_o proof_n can_v be_v make_v but_o by_o witness_n remain_v in_o foreign_a part_n to_o which_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v not_o extend_v but_o those_o witness_n by_o commission_n out_o of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n be_v usual_o swear_v and_o examine_v by_o magistrate_n in_o those_o place_n and_o their_o examination_n so_o take_v be_v allow_v for_o sufficient_a proof_n upon_o return_n divers_a other_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v by_o which_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n can_v give_v redress_n in_o suit_n concern_v navigation_n and_o trade_n with_o more_o conveniency_n than_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n but_o these_o consider_v and_o how_o much_o it_o concern_v the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o those_o who_o support_v navigation_n and_o trade_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o discover_v which_o court_n may_v be_v best_a justify_v in_o proceed_v in_o cause_n of_o that_o nature_n what_o inconvenience_n may_v follow_v both_o to_o the_o private_a and_o public_a by_o the_o interpose_v of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o by_o obstruction_n make_v unto_o the_o admiralty_n in_o such_o business_n may_v appear_v in_o one_o particular_a that_o be_v concern_v charter-party_n and_o freight_n due_a for_o employment_n of_o ship_v there_o be_v but_o one_o instance_n give_v of_o a_o suit_n bring_v at_o the_o common_a law_n upon_o a_o charter-party_n viz._n the_o 28_o of_o elizabeth_n which_o be_v on_o the_o merchant_n part_n for_o breach_n of_o covenant_n viz._n for_o not_o stay_v in_o a_o port_n of_o discharge_n so_o many_o day_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o for_o which_o the_o owner_n be_v condemn_v in_o 500_o l._n without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o loss_n or_o damage_n which_o the_o merchant_n have_v sustain_v and_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v how_o many_o clause_n there_o be_v in_o charter-party_n and_o covenant_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v perform_v for_o which_o the_o owner_n be_v bind_v under_o a_o general_a penalty_n if_o upon_o every_o breach_n advantage_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o extremity_n no_o man_n will_v have_v great_a comfort_n in_o hire_v out_o ship_n to_o the_o sea_n and_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o
the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n assert_v against_o sr._n edward_n coke_n articuli_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la in_o xxii_o chapter_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n by_o richard_n zouch_v doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o late_a judge_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n london_n print_v for_o francis_n titan_n and_o thomas_n dring_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o their_o shop_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1663._o thomas_n foley_n of_o great_a witley_n court_n in_o the_o county_n of_o worcester_n esqr._o to_o the_o reader_n i_o do_v certify_v and_o attest_v that_o the_o treatise_n entitle_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n assert_v etc._n etc._n by_o dr._n zouch_n be_v deliver_v into_o my_o hand_n by_o the_o author_n himself_o to_o be_v print_v and_o which_o he_o intend_v to_o have_v dedicate_v to_o his_o royal_a highness_n james_n duke_n of_o york_z lord_n high_z admiral_z of_o england_n drs_n commons_o febr._n 25._o 1663._o tim._n baldwyn_n assertion_n concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n 1._o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v in_o use_n and_o esteem_v and_o particular_o in_o england_n special_a law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o regulate_v the_o same_o 2._o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o law_n have_v be_v provide_v for_o business_n concern_v the_o sea_n as_o also_o in_o england_n special_a judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v to_o determine_v difference_n and_o to_o redress_v offence_n concern_v the_o same_o 3._o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o special_a judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v for_o sea_n affair_n as_o also_o in_o england_n certain_a cause_n viz._n all_o such_o as_o have_v relation_n to_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v hold_v proper_a for_o their_o conusance_n 4._o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n high_a admiral_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n and_o usual_o exercise_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n may_v consist_v with_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n 5._o that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v conusance_n of_o contract_n and_o write_n make_v at_o land_n touch_v business_n of_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n 6._o that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v in_o port_n and_o navigable_a river_n as_o touch_v damage_n do_v to_o person_n ship_n and_o good_n annoyance_n of_o free_a passage_n and_o unlawful_a fish_n 7._o that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n may_v hold_v plea_n of_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n relate_v to_o navigation_n and_o trade_n by_o sea_n 8._o that_o the_o court_n and_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n do_v intermeddle_v with_o and_o interrupt_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o that_o court_n 9_o that_o the_o trial_n of_o cause_n concern_v navigation_n and_o trade_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n be_v more_o commodious_a for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o subject_n thereof_o than_o in_o the_o court_n of_o common-law_n sir_n edward_z coke_n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n cap._n xxii_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n proceed_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n admiralitatis_fw-la against_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n concern_v prohibition_n grant_v to_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n 11_o febr._n penultimo_fw-la die_fw-la termini_fw-la hillarii_n admiral_n anno_fw-la 8._o jac._n regis_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o complaint_n be_v after_o by_o his_o majesty_n commandment_n set_v down_o in_o article_n by_o dr._n dun_n judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v with_o answer_n to_o the_o same_o by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o they_o afterward_o confirm_v by_o three_o kind_n of_o authority_n in_o law_n 1._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 2._o by_o judgement_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n and_o last_o by_o book_n case_n complaint_n certain_a grievance_n whereof_o the_o lord_n admiral_n and_o his_o officer_n of_o the_o admiralty_n do_v especial_o complain_v and_o desire_v redress_v 1._o that_o whereas_o the_o conusance_n of_o all_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n the_o same_o be_v make_v tryable_a at_o the_o common-law_n by_o suppose_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o cheapside_n or_o such_o place_n answer_n by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n the_o court_n of_o the_o admiral_n have_v no_o conusance_n power_n or_o jurisdiction_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o contract_n plea_n or_o querele_n within_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n either_o upon_o the_o land_n or_o water_n but_o every_o such_o contract_n plea_n or_o querele_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n rise_v within_o any_o county_n of_o the_o realm_n either_o upon_o the_o land_n or_o water_n and_o also_o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n aught_o to_o be_v try_v determine_v discuss_v and_o remedy_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o before_o or_o by_o the_o admiral_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o any_o manner_n so_o as_o it_o be_v not_o material_a whether_o the_o place_n be_v upon_o the_o water_n infra_fw-la fluxum_fw-la &_o refluxum_fw-la aquae_fw-la but_o whether_o it_o be_v upon_o any_o water_n within_o any_o county_n wherefore_o we_o acknowledge_v that_o of_o contract_n plea_n and_o quereles_a make_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o which_o be_v not_o within_o any_o county_n from_o whence_o no_o trial_n can_v be_v have_v by_o twelve_o man_n the_o admiral_n have_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o no_o precedent_n can_v be_v show_v that_o any_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v for_o any_o contract_n plea_n or_o querele_n concern_v any_o marine_a cause_n make_v or_o do_v upon_o the_o sea_n take_v that_o only_o to_o be_v the_o sea_n wherein_o the_o admiral_n have_v jurisdiction_n which_o be_v before_o by_o law_n describe_v to_o be_v out_o of_o any_o county_n see_v more_o of_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o six_o article_n when_o action_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o admiralty_n upon_o bargain_n or_o contract_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n 2._o wherein_o the_o commom-law_n can_v administer_v justice_n yet_o in_o these_o cause_n prohibition_n be_v award_v against_o the_o admiral_n court_n bargain_n or_o contract_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n answer_n wherein_o the_o common-law_n can_v administer_v justice_n precedent_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o this_o article_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v whole_o consign_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v out_o of_o any_o county_n but_o if_o any_o indenture_n bond_n or_o other_o specialty_n or_o any_o contract_n be_v make_v beyond_o sea_n for_o do_v of_o any_o act_n or_o payment_n of_o any_o money_n within_o this_o realm_n or_o otherwise_o wherein_o the_o common-law_n can_v administer_v justice_n and_o give_v ordinary_a remedy_n in_o these_o case_n neither_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n nor_o the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n have_v any_o jurisdiction_n and_o therefore_o when_o this_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n have_v deal_v therewith_o in_o derogation_n of_o the_o common-law_n we_o find_v that_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v as_o by_o law_n they_o ought_v 3._o whereas_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o admiral_n court_n have_v use_v to_o take_v stipulation_n for_o appearance_n and_o performance_n of_o the_o act_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o same_o court_n it_o be_v now_o affirm_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-law_n that_o the_o admiral_n court_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o not_o able_a to_o take_v such_o stipulation_n and_o hereupon_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n answer_n the_o court_n of_o the_o admiralty_n proceed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o can_v take_v any_o such_o recognisance_n as_o a_o court_n of_o record_n may_v do_v and_o for_o take_v of_o recognizance_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n we_o find_v that_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v as_o by_o law_n they_o ought_v and_o if_o a_o erroneous_a sentence_n be_v give_v in_o that_o court_n no_o writ_n of_o error_n but_o a_o appeal_n to_o certain_a delegate_n do_v lie_v as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o eliz._n reginae_fw-la cap._n 5._o which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n 5._o that_o charter-party_n make_v only_o to_o be_v perform_v upon_o the_o sea_n 4._o be_v daily_o withdraw_v from_o that_o court_n by_o prohibition_n if_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v within_o any_o city_n answer_n port_n town_n or_o county_n of_o this_o realm_n although_o it_o be_v
recite_v in_o the_o solemn_a form_n of_o the_o admiral_n commission_n by_o mr._n selden_n as_o sufficient_a to_o his_o purpose_n and_o then_o say_v he_o follow_v many_o thing_n declare_v that_o most_o ample_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n among_o which_o be_v express_v in_o civil_a cause_n that_o to_o he_o it_o be_v grant_v ad_fw-la cognoscendum_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o hold_v conusance_n of_o plea_n debt_n bill_n of_o exchange_n policy_n of_o assurance_n account_n charter-party_n contraction_n bill_n of_o lade_n and_o all_o other_o contract_n which_o may_v any_o way_n concern_v money_n due_a for_o freight_n of_o ship_n hire_v and_o let_v to_o hire_v money_n lend_v to_o be_v pay_v beyond_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o lender_n and_o also_o of_o any_o cause_n business_n or_o injury_n whatsoever_o have_v or_o do_v in_o or_o upon_o or_o through_o the_o sea_n or_o public_a river_n or_o fresh_a water_n stream_n havens_n and_o place_n subject_a to_o overflow_a whatsoever_o within_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o shore_n or_o bank_n whatsoever_o adjoin_v to_o they_o or_o either_o of_o they_o from_o any_o the_o say_v first_o bridge_n whatsoever_o towards_o the_o sea_n throughout_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n or_o our_o dominion_n aforesaid_a or_o else_o where_o beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o any_o port_n beyond_o the_o sea_n whatsoever_o with_o divers_a other_o clause_n contain_v power_n of_o coercion_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n grant_v likewise_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 28_o of_o henry_n the_o 8._o chap._n 15._o and_o other_o statute_n for_o the_o punish_n of_o offence_n and_o matter_n criminal_a commit_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n power_n be_v grant_v in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v de_fw-fr omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la proditionibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o all_o and_o singular_a treason_n robbery_n murder_n felony_n and_o confederacy_n etc._n etc._n as_o well_o in_o and_o upon_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o river_n port_n or_o freshwater_n creek_n or_o place_n whatsoever_o within_o the_o flow_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o the_o full_a beneath_o the_o first_o bridge_n towards_o the_o sea_n as_o upon_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o elsewhere_o within_o the_o king_n maritime_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o same_o as_o well_o against_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n as_o against_o the_o king_n law_n statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o admiralty_n and_o also_o touch_v all_o and_o singular_a other_o matter_n which_o concern_v merchant_n owner_n and_o proprietary_n of_o ship_n master_n shipman_n mariner_n shipwright_n fisherman_n workman_n labourer_n saylour_n servitor_n or_o any_o other_o 3_o that_o in_o all_o place_n where_o judge_n have_v be_v appoint_v for_o sea_n business_n as_o also_o in_o england_n certain_a cause_n viz._n such_o as_o have_v relation_n to_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n have_v be_v hold_v proper_a for_o their_o conusance_n maritime_a law_n say_v godeâ—ry_a concern_v person_n or_o deal_n between_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n varlet_n which_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o several_a law_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o what_o appear_v to_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o maritime_a judge_n among_o the_o grecian_n cause_n happen_v betwixt_o merchant_n and_o seaman_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cause_n concerconcern_v trade_n 〈◊〉_d as_o julius_n pollux_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o suidas_n testify_v the_o rhodian_a law_n although_o as_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a be_v not_o rank_v under_o distinct_a head_n or_o title_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o particular_n as_o first_o concern_v hire_v &_o freight_v of_o ship_n second_o concern_v transport_v passenger_n and_o good_n three_o touch_v the_o delivery_n ad_fw-la discharge_v the_o thing_n receive_v in_o good_a condition_n four_o touch_v contribution_n for_o loss_n in_o common_a danger_n and_o for_o savage_a of_o good_n five_o for_o borrow_v and_o trust_v of_o money_n for_o sea-voyage_n six_o concern_v mariner_n duty_n their_o wage_n and_o the_o like_a the_o same_o be_v the_o matter_n take_v into_o cosideration_n deprecatio_fw-la when_o the_o roman_a senate_n enter_v into_o a_o consultation_n to_o settle_v the_o business_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o when_o tiberius_n claudius_n have_v signify_v to_o they_o that_o the_o seaman_n and_o merchant_n trade_v by_o sea_n have_v beseech_v he_o that_o such_o business_n which_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v reduce_v into_o some_o order_n nero_n than_o a_o senator_n advise_v that_o some_o may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhodes_n who_o shall_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v there_o observe_v concern_v mariner_n seaman_n merchant_n and_o passenger_n good_n put_v on_o board_n ship_n partnership_n building_n buy_v or_o sell_v of_o ship_n entrust_v gold_n and_o silver_n and_o divers_a other_o thing_n all_o which_o be_v do_v according_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n into_o which_o the_o rhodian_a law_n be_v insert_v and_o by_o the_o law_n touch_v sea_n affair_n which_o afterward_o the_o greek_a empire_n receive_v from_o the_o roman_n 33._o as_o in_o the_o title_n de_fw-fr nauticis_fw-la obligationibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n touch_v the_o obligation_n or_o duty_n of_o mariner_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o action_n which_o may_v be_v bring_v concern_v ship_n or_o those_o who_o sail_n in_o ship_n owner_n master_n or_o passenger_n moreover_o touch_v wreck_n of_o ship_n cast_v forth_o of_o good_n and_o contribution_n and_o also_o fisherman_n and_o fish_n the_o same_o business_n also_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o consolato_fw-la del_fw-it mare_fw-la in_o which_o be_v contain_v the_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ancient_a authority_n provide_v for_o all_o cause_n of_o merchandise_v and_o navigation_n as_o it_o be_v more_o full_o signify_v in_o a_o chapter_n of_o that_o book_n 24._o nello_n progresso_fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la libro_fw-la in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o book_n it_o be_v declare_v how_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n ought_v to_o demean_v themselves_o towards_o merchant_n mariner_n stranger_n and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o people_n which_o pass_v in_o their_o ship_n and_o also_o how_o merchant_n ought_v to_o perform_v with_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o how_o stranger_n and_o other_o ought_v to_o pay_v freight_v for_o the_o transport_v of_o their_o person_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v make_v good_a in_o the_o particular_a ordinance_n and_o constitution_n therein_o contain_v the_o sea-lawe_n in_o the_o spanish_a partidaes_n have_v the_o same_o scope_n 9_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o title_n we_o intend_v here_o to_o speak_v of_o ship_v hire_v to_o undergo_v the_o adventure_n of_o tbe_n sea_n and_o we_o will_v show_v what_o thing_n the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n ought_v to_o observe_v towards_o the_o merchant_n and_o how_o the_o damage_n that_o shall_v happen_v to_o good_n cast_v over_o board_n by_o occasion_n of_o storm_n ought_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o of_o the_o price_n due_a for_o the_o hire_n of_o ship_n and_o of_o other_o matter_n with_o may_v concern_v the_o same_o affair_n so_o much_o be_v likewise_o signify_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n which_o in_o the_o edition_n annex_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n be_v call_v ordonance_n royaul_v touchant_a le_fw-fr fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_n as_o also_o judgement_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_a des_fw-fr nef_n des_fw-fr mariner_n &_o aussi_fw-fr des_fw-fr merchant_n &_o de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr leur_fw-fr estre_fw-fr and_o in_o the_o edition_n set_v out_o by_o peter_n garrias_fw-la la_fw-fr maniere_n comme_fw-fr les_fw-fr maestres_fw-mi de_fw-fr navire_n the_o manner_n how_o master_n of_o ship_n merchant_n and_o mariner_n aught_o to_o regulate_v and_o govern_v themselves_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o oleron_n notwithstanding_o these_o example_n of_o the_o usage_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n some_o among_o we_o as_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o determine_v that_o to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n no_o special_a or_o certain_a cause_n do_v belong_v so_o the_o lord_n hobard_fw-mi in_o aud_o and_o jenning_n case_n affirm_v that_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v not_o in_o respect_n of_o any_o certain_a cause_n as_o the_o cause_n of_o tithe_n and_o testament_n be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n but_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o place_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o other_o who_o talk_v so_o much_o of_o altum_fw-la mare_fw-la be_v
and_o weight_n within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n 5_o of_o such_o as_o make_v spoil_n of_o wreck_n so_o that_o the_o owner_n come_v within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n can_v have_v their_o good_n 6_o of_o such_o as_o claim_v wreck_n have_v neither_o charter_n nor_o prescription_n 7_o of_o wear_v riddle_n blind-stake_n water-millsâ—_a etc._n etc._n whereby_o ship_n or_o man_n have_v be_v lose_v or_o endanger_v 8_o of_o remove_v anchor_n and_o cut_v of_o buoyrope_n 9_o of_o such_o as_o take_v salmon_n at_o unseasonable_a time_n 10_o of_o such_o as_o spoil_v the_o breed_n of_o oyster_n or_o dreg_n for_o oyster_n and_o mussel_n at_o unseasonable_a time_n 11_o of_o such_o as_o fish_v with_o unlawful_a net_n 12_o of_o take_v royal_a fish_n viz._n whale_n sturgeon_n purpoise_n etc._n etc._n and_o detain_v the_o one_o half_a from_o the_o king_n three_o offence_n against_o the_o admiral_n the_o navy_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o of_o judge_n entertain_v plea_n of_o cause_n belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n and_o of_o such_o as_o in_o admiralty_n cause_n sue_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o of_o such_o as_o hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o admiral_n process_n 2_o of_o master_n and_o mariner_n contemptuous_a to_o the_o admiral_n 3_o of_o the_o admiral_n share_n of_o weif_n or_o derelict_n and_o of_o deodand_n belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n 4_o of_o fletson_n jetson_n and_o lagon_n belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n 5_o of_o such_o as_o freight_n stranger_n bottom_n where_o ship_n of_o the_o land_n may_v be_v have_v at_o reasonable_a rate_n 6_o of_o shipwrights_a take_v excessive_a wage_n 7_o of_o master_n and_o mariner_n take_v excessive_a wage_n 8_o of_o pilot_n by_o who_o ignorance_n ship_n have_v miscarry_v 9_o of_o mariner_n forsake_v their_o ship_n 10_o of_o mariner_n rebellious_a and_o this_fw-mi obedient_a to_o their_o master_n in_o the_o same_o ancient_a book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n there_o be_v a_o copy_n of_o a_o more_o ancient_a enquiry_n touch_v admiral_n cause_n wherein_o some_o thing_n relate_v to_o constitution_n make_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o at_o grimesby_n viz._n that_o ship_n arrest_v for_o the_o king_n service_n break_v arrest_n shall_v be_v confiscate_v to_o the_o king_n and_o by_o king_n john_n at_o hastings_n that_o no_o private_a man_n shall_v appropriate_v to_o himself_o the_o benefit_n of_o any_o salt_n water_n by_o meers_n riddle_n and_o the_o like_a and_o that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v pull_v down_o and_o the_o fish_n cry_v common_a to_o all_o people_n be_v likewise_o order_v by_o king_n john_n this_o may_v suffice_v to_o confirm_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a special_a cause_n both_o civil_a and_o criminal_a which_o do_v ancient_o belong_v and_o proper_o to_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiral_n and_o to_o show_v that_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v not_o whole_o confine_v only_o to_o the_o sea_n 4_o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n and_o be_v usual_o exercise_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n may_v consist_v with_o the_o statute_n and_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n first_o it_o appear_v by_o ancient_a record_n of_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o de_fw-fr superioritate_fw-la maris_fw-la that_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n and_o of_o divers_a other_o nation_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n enjoy_v the_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n by_o prescribe_v law_n and_o statute_n for_o the_o preserve_a peace_n and_o justice_n and_o by_o exercise_v all_o kind_n of_o authority_n in_o matter_n of_o judicature_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v concern_v his_o sovereignty_n in_o the_o same_o which_o be_v grant_v his_o power_n to_o depute_v a_o magistrate_n or_o officer_n to_o those_o purpose_n with_o so_o much_o of_o his_o authority_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a can_v be_v deny_v second_o that_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o power_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n in_o his_o letter_n patent_n to_o the_o admiral_n be_v agreeable_a to_o commission_n ancient_o grant_v and_o which_o have_v be_v pass_v from_o time_n to_o time_n by_o the_o king_n learned_a counsel_n and_o by_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o the_o lord_n keeper_n for_o the_o time_n be_v who_o have_v thereunto_o set_v the_o great_a seal_n 127._o and_o that_o the_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n be_v design_v by_o st_n edward_n cook_n by_o refer_v to_o grant_n of_o those_o office_n ancient_o make_v by_o many_o several_a king_n with_o exception_n only_o to_o one_o irregular_a precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o three_o that_o mr._n selden_n show_v that_o all_o the_o patent_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n 17._o from_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n mary_n time_n to_o the_o time_n of_o king_n charles_n have_v be_v conceive_v after_o one_o and_o the_o same_o form_n and_o tenor_n as_o of_o edward_n lord_n clintâ—on_n afterward_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n under_z king_n philip_z and_o queen_n marry_o of_o charles_n howard_n lord_n effingham_n afterward_o earl_n of_o nottingham_n under_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o charles_n duke_n of_o york_n after_o king_n charles_n under_o king_n james_n and_o of_o george_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n under_o king_n james_n and_o king_n charles_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o patent_n of_o algernon_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n under_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o and_o of_o james_n the_o most_o illustrious_a duke_n of_o york_n under_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o four_o that_o the_o lord_n admiral_n and_o his_o deputy_n proceed_v according_a to_o his_o commission_n be_v express_o allow_v by_o king_n philip_n and_o queen_n mary_n where_o they_o by_o a_o statute_n restrain_v the_o exportation_n of_o corn_n without_o licence_n mar._n make_v a_o special_a provision_n that_o that_o act_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudicial_a or_o hurtful_a to_o the_o lord_n great_a admiral_n of_o england_n for_o the_o time_n be_v or_o to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n majesty_n jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n but_o that_o the_o say_a lord_n admiral_n or_o his_o deputy_n shall_v exercise_v use_n and_o execute_v all_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n according_a to_o his_o or_o their_o commission_n which_o provision_n although_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v make_v in_o respect_n of_o that_o statute_n yet_o it_o show_v what_o respect_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n intend_v to_o their_o lord_n high_a admiral_n their_o own_o admiralty_n jurisdiction_n in_o all_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o the_o commission_n by_o they_o grant_v against_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n as_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n and_o as_o it_o be_v exercise_v in_o the_o court_n it_o be_v pretend_v in_o general_a that_o it_o be_v not_o agreeable_a first_o to_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n second_o to_o divers_a judgement_n book-case_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o admiral_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n articuli_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la all_o which_o more_o special_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o three_o head_n first_o where_o the_o admiral_n meddle_v with_o contract_n and_o write_n concern_v sea_n business_n make_v within_o the_o realm_n second_o where_o he_o meddle_v with_o other_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n and_o three_o with_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v make_v or_o do_v beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v first_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13._o rich._n 2._o chap._n 5._o which_o restrain_v the_o admiral_n from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n within_o the_o realm_n second_o that_o of_o the_o 15._o of_o the_o same_o king_n chap._n 3._o which_o declare_v that_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n within_o body_n of_o county_n three_o that_o of_o 2_o hen._n the_o 4._o which_o inflict_v penalty_n on_o those_o who_o sue_v or_o proceed_v contrary_a to_o that_o of_o the_o 13_o rich._n 2._o four_o that_o of_o the_o 5_o of_o elizabeth_n which_o be_v pretend_v to_o exclude_v the_o admiral_n from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o port_n and_o river_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v more_o general_a may_v in_o this_o place_n be_v consider_v the_o rest_n be_v more_o particular_a may_v in_o discuss_v of_o some_o other_o particular_a point_n to_o which_o they_o be_v appliable_a be_v examine_v that_o of_o the_o 13_o rich._n 2._o chap._n 5._o ordain_v that_o the_o admiral_n and_o their_o deputy_n shall_v not_o meddle_v of_o any_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n as_o it_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o
three_o touch_v this_o statute_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v what_o sir_n edward_n cook_n deliver_v out_o of_o plowdens_n commentary_n 330._o that_o the_o preamble_n of_o a_o statute_n be_v the_o key_n to_o open_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o act_n and_o the_o mischief_n which_o they_o intend_v to_o remedy_n now_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n it_o â—s_v suggest_v that_o the_o admiral_n have_v encroacht_v divers_a jurisdiction_n and_o franchise_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n &_o other_o lord_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o the_o parliament_n intend_v only_o to_o restrain_v he_o from_o meddle_v in_o his_o court_n with_o such_o thing_n within_o the_o realm_n wherein_o he_o have_v encroacht_v upon_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n and_o other_o lord_n which_o what_o those_o thing_n be_v it_o do_v no_o way_n appear_v but_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v or_o reasonable_o conceive_v that_o it_o be_v intend_v the_o admiral_n shall_v be_v debar_v from_o proceed_v in_o cause_n of_o navigation_n and_o negotiation_n by_o sea_n which_o never_o do_v belong_v to_o any_o other_o court_n of_o the_o king_n or_o other_o lord_n and_o be_v former_o hold_v proper_a for_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiral_n and_o as_o thing_n be_v then_o state_v can_v not_o be_v hold_v encroachment_n so_o much_o may_v the_o rather_o be_v suppose_v because_o the_o statute_n restrain_v he_o from_o meddle_v with_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o with_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n further_o add_v according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v due_o use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o noble_a prince_n king_n edward_n grandfather_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v king_n edward_n the_o three_o sir_n henry_n spâ—â—man_n write_v admiral_n that_o some_o man_n do_v conceive_v causarum_fw-la nauticarum_fw-la cognitionem_fw-la &_o forum_n rei_fw-la maritimae_fw-la quod_fw-la hodie_fw-la curiam_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la vocant_fw-la sub_fw-la edwardo_n tertio_fw-la illuxisse_fw-la and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o in_o that_o king_n time_n who_o do_v many_o other_o glorious_a thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o this_o nation_n the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n receive_v some_o setlement_n and_o grow_v more_o conspicuous_a than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o the_o constitution_n observe_v by_o mr._n selden_n in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o admiralty_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o 142._o richard_n the_o first_o king_n john_n and_o edward_n the_o first_o do_v manifest_a that_o the_o court_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n to_o show_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n to_o have_v be_v long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o in_o who_o day_n he_o say_v that_o some_o have_v dream_v that_o it_o have_v begin_v recite_v the_o ancient_a record_n de_fw-fr superioritate_fw-la maris_fw-la 144._o before_o mention_v and_o likewise_o another_o quote_v also_o by_o mr._n seldâ—n_n 16._o wherein_o it_o be_v show_v that_o king_n edw._n the_o three_o in_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v consult_v with_o all_o his_o judge_n ad_fw-la finem_fw-la quod_fw-la retineatur_fw-la &_o continuetur_fw-la ad_fw-la subditorum_fw-la prosecutionem_fw-la forma_fw-la procedendi_fw-la quondam_a domini_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o form_n of_o proceed_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o subject_n begin_v and_o ordain_v by_o his_o grandfather_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o his_o counsel_n for_o retain_v and_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o the_o same_o may_v be_v resume_v and_o continue_v touch_v the_o correct_v interpret_n and_o declare_v the_o law_n and_o statute_n late_o ordain_v for_o the_o maintain_n of_o peace_n and_o justice_n among_o the_o people_n of_o all_o nation_n whatsoever_o pass_v through_o the_o english_a sea_n and_o for_o punish_v of_o offence_n and_o for_o give_v of_o satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o be_v damnify_v which_o law_n and_o statute_n be_v correct_v declare_v interpret_v and_o publish_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o be_v entitle_v le_fw-fr ley_n oleron_n in_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o law_n be_v continue_v all_o that_o king_n time_n in_o regard_n that_o in_o the_o 49_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o select_a seaman_n for_o the_o inquisition_n at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o conclusion_n say_v that_o touch_v some_o business_n propose_v in_o the_o article_n of_o the_o inquisition_n they_o know_v no_o better_o advise_v nor_o remedy_n than_o that_o which_o have_v be_v former_o use_v and_o practise_v after_o the_o manner_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n all_o which_o be_v admit_v and_o due_o consider_v it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o such_o cause_n as_o do_v original_o by_o civil_a law_n belong_v to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o what_o former_a king_n have_v ancient_o ordain_v for_o the_o regulate_v of_o the_o same_o as_o likewise_o such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o matter_n decide_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o oleron_n and_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o inquisition_n take_v at_o quinborough_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v within_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o consequent_o the_o same_o be_v permit_v to_o be_v try_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o same_o court_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o rich._n 2._o touch_v the_o judgement_n judicial_a act_n and_o book-case_n intend_v to_o restrain_v the_o admiral_n of_o england_n in_o exercise_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n as_o it_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o king_n commission_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v in_o general_a first_o that_o those_o judgement_n judicial_a act_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o cause_n of_o difference_n in_o respect_n of_o jurisdiction_n betwixt_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o it_o be_v incident_a to_o all_o profession_n where_o there_o be_v any_o competition_n or_o emulation_n with_o other_o to_o incline_v to_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o their_o advantage_n second_o such_o judgement_n sand_n book-case_n have_v be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_a understanding_n of_o the_o statute_n without_o any_o notice_n or_o respect_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o condition_n of_o maritime_a cause_n the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o place_n be_v the_o chief_a rule_n by_o which_o they_o have_v be_v frame_v three_o that_o many_o of_o they_o upon_o due_a examination_n may_v be_v find_v not_o so_o conclude_v as_o they_o be_v pretend_v and_o although_o much_o respect_n and_o reverence_n be_v due_a to_o the_o author_n yet_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o believe_v that_o their_o judgement_n be_v infallible_a four_o that_o the_o judicial_a proceed_n as_o prohibition_n be_v the_o result_v of_o the_o former_a authority_n they_o may_v be_v weigh_v according_o last_o touch_v the_o main_a piece_n sir_n edward_n cook_n articuli_fw-la admiralitatis_fw-la carry_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o â—â—e_v judge_n touch_v the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o very_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n 1575._o and_o from_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n the_o 18_o of_o february_n 1632_o subscribe_v unto_o by_o they_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o king_n charles_n and_o twenty_o lord_n of_o his_o counsel_n the_o particular_a authority_n which_o may_v be_v collect_v out_o of_o sr._n edward_n cook_n note_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n have_v no_o conusance_n of_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n but_o only_o of_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o follow_v 1_o that_o in_o the_o 2_o rich._n 2._o hibernici_n sunt_fw-la sub_fw-la admirallo_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la facto_fw-la super_fw-la alto_fw-mi mari._n 2_o that_o the_o 7_o rich._n 2._o in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n bring_v for_o a_o ship_n and_o merchandises_n take_v away_o the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o do_v take_v they_o en_fw-fr le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_n ou_fw-fr les_fw-fr norman_n que_fw-fr la_fw-fr enemis_fw-fr la_fw-fr roy_fw-fr and_o it_o be_v allow_v a_o good_a plea_n 3_o that_o fortescue_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n the_o six_o say_v siquae_fw-la super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la extra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la in_o placito_fw-la coram_fw-la admirallo_fw-la deducantur_fw-la per_fw-la testes_fw-la terminari_fw-la debent_fw-la 4_o that_o dyer_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n say_v that_o by_o the_o libel_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n the_o case_n be_v suppose_v to_o commence_v sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr haut_fw-fr mer_fw-fr &_o intra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la de_fw-fr l'_fw-fr admiralty_n to_o these_o authority_n may_v be_v answer_v in_o general_a first_o that_o
videtur_fw-la legislator_n id_fw-la sensisse_fw-la quod_fw-la ratione_fw-la caret_fw-la etiamsi_fw-la verborum_fw-la generalitas_fw-la prima_fw-la fancy_n aliter_fw-la suadeat_fw-la and_o that_o the_o place_n only_o where_o a_o contract_n be_v make_v of_o write_v shall_v alter_v or_o transferr_v the_o jurisdiction_n to_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n may_v seem_v very_o unreasonable_a for_o the_o reason_n follow_v first_o for_o that_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n be_v thing_n incorporeal_a or_o matter_n of_o right_a may_v more_o proper_o be_v say_v to_o arise_v from_o that_o from_o which_o they_o be_v cause_v or_o occasion_v than_o from_o the_o place_n where_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v make_v and_o so_o contract_v plea_n and_o quarrel_n occasion_v by_o the_o business_n of_o the_o county_n may_v be_v say_v to_o arise_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n and_o contract_n plea_n and_o quarrel_n occasion_v by_o the_o business_n of_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v say_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o sea_n in_o what_o place_n so_o ever_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v make_v or_o write_a so_o it_o be_v proper_o say_v exit_fw-la facto_fw-la jus_o oritur_fw-la &_o actio_fw-la oritur_fw-la ex_fw-la delicto_fw-la because_o the_o law_n result_v from_o the_o fact_n and_o the_o action_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o fault_n so_o where_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n be_v say_v to_o be_v pour_fw-fr le_fw-fr fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_n mr._n selden_n render_v it_o in_o latin_a 49._o ob_fw-la causam_fw-la aliquam_fw-la à _fw-la re_fw-la maritima_fw-la ortam_fw-la and_o salmatius_n as_o before_o say_v 2._o usurae_fw-la propter_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la trajectitiam_fw-la praestandae_fw-la maritimae_fw-la &_o nauticae_fw-la vocantur_fw-la etsi_fw-la nummi_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la dantur_fw-la second_o that_o the_o end_n of_o a_o contract_n be_v to_o have_v something_o perform_v and_o plea_n and_o quarrel_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o non-performance_n or_o ill_a performance_n of_o the_o same_o the_o place_n of_o performance_n be_v more_o considerable_a than_o the_o place_n where_o the_o contract_n be_v make_v or_o write_v so_o ulpian_n a_o famous_a roman_a lawyer_n say_v mulier_fw-la exigere_fw-la dotem_fw-la illic_fw-la debet_fw-la judiciis_fw-la ubi_fw-la maritus_fw-la â—omicilium_fw-la habet_fw-la non_fw-la ubi_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la dotale_fw-la conscriptum_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la enim_fw-la id_fw-la genus_fw-la contractus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la tam_fw-la eum_fw-la locum_fw-la spectari_fw-la oporteat_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la dotis_fw-la actum_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la locum_fw-la domicilii_fw-la in_fw-la quem_fw-la mulier_fw-la per_fw-la conditionem_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la reditura_fw-la erat_fw-la when_o a_o dowry_n be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o a_o wife_n after_o her_o husband_n death_n or_o divorce_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v estimate_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n where_o the_o instrument_n or_o deed_n of_o the_o dowry_n be_v make_v but_o according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o dowry_n be_v to_o be_v make_v good_a that_o be_v the_o place_n where_o her_o husband_n live_v three_o for_o that_o if_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o maritime_a contract_n be_v make_v or_o no_o it_o may_v be_v determine_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o the_o place_n but_o if_o the_o plea_n or_o suit_n be_v as_o most_o common_o it_o be_v whether_o the_o contract_n be_v perform_v or_o not_o perform_v it_o can_v be_v determine_v but_o upon_o proof_n make_v from_o the_o place_n of_o performance_n of_o which_o the_o vicinage_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o contract_n be_v make_v can_v take_v no_o notice_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v improbable_a that_o the_o statute_n shall_v intend_v that_o such_o suit_n shall_v be_v try_v discuss_v and_o determine_v only_o by_o the_o court_n and_o course_n of_o common_a law_n four_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o so_o strict_a but_o that_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n it_o allow_v jurisdiction_n to_o other_o court_n for_o although_o promise_v and_o contract_n of_o money_n be_v general_o pleadable_a in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n matrimonium_fw-la yet_o as_o bracton_n write_v causae_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la promissis_fw-la ob_fw-la causam_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la in_fw-la foro_fw-la ecclesiastico_fw-la terminari_fw-la debent_fw-la quia_fw-la cujus_fw-la juris_fw-la id_fw-la &_o jurisdictionis_fw-la est_fw-la principale_v ejusdem_fw-la erit_fw-la accessorium_fw-la and_o in_o a_o other_o place_n he_o give_v a_o reason_n for_o the_o same_o quia_fw-la semper_fw-la videndum_fw-la propter_fw-la quid_fw-la aliquid_fw-la sit_fw-la vel_fw-la promittatur_fw-la and_o again_o although_o suit_n touch_v tenor_n and_o service_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o court_n of_o common_a law_n 136._o yet_o littleton_n show_v that_o if_o tenant_n in_o frank_n almain_n fail_v to_o perform_v divine_a service_n the_o lord_n may_v complain_v thereof_o to_o the_o ordinary_a and_o sir_n edw._n cook_n in_o his_o comment_n thereupon_o observe_v that_o the_o law_n do_v appoint_v every_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v by_o those_o to_o who_o office_n it_o proper_o appertain_v and_o so_o say_v he_o the_o lord_n have_v remedy_n for_o his_o divine_a service_n albeit_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o temporal_a land_n in_o foro_fw-la ecclesiastico_fw-la by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o certain_o if_o what_o construction_n be_v make_v of_o the_o law_n be_v make_v of_o this_o statute_n it_o will_v be_v more_o easy_o admit_v that_o a_o maritime_a contract_n although_o make_v or_o write_v within_o the_o county_n shall_v be_v try_v before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o determine_v maritime_a cause_n three_o for_o the_o better_a discern_v of_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v offer_v to_o consideration_n what_o have_v be_v the_o sense_n of_o parliament_n in_o precede_v and_o subsequent_a statute_n as_o first_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o staple_n make_v in_o the_o 27_o of_o edw._n the_o 3._o in_o 3_o chap._n where_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o mayor_n and_o constable_n of_o the_o staple_n shall_v have_v jurisdiction_n and_o conusance_n within_o the_o town_n where_o the_o staple_n shall_v be_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n touch_v the_o staple_n which_o shall_v be_v rule_v by_o the_o law_n merchant_n and_o not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n nor_o by_o the_o usage_n of_o city_n burrough_n or_o other_o town_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o all_o manner_n of_o contract_n and_o covenant_n make_v betwixt_o merchant_n and_o merchant_n or_o other_o where_o one_o party_n be_v a_o merchant_n whether_o the_o contract_n be_v make_v within_o the_o staple_n or_o without_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v sue_v his_o action_n or_o quarrel_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o staple_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o staple_n unless_o he_o make_v choice_a to_o sue_v in_o some_o other_o place_n of_o the_o common_a law_n from_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v first_o that_o the_o merchant_n business_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v hold_v fit_a to_o be_v regulate_v by_o a_o special_a law_n viz._n the_o law-merchant_n than_o by_o the_o common_a law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n second_o that_o where_o contract_n or_o covenant_n do_v concern_v merchandise_n or_o matter_n belong_v to_o the_o staple_n it_o be_v not_o think_v considerable_a to_o point_v of_o jurisdiction_n whether_o the_o contract_n or_o covenant_n be_v make_v within_o or_o without_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o staple_n the_o susequent_a statute_n be_v that_o of_o the_o 32_o of_o hen._n 8._o chap._n 14._o which_o declare_v that_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n may_v hold_v plea_n of_o charter-party_n and_o that_o of_o the_o 43_o of_o elizabeth_n chap._n 12._o which_o hinder_v the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n from_o meddle_v with_o policy_n of_o assurance_n which_o two_o thing_n be_v the_o main_a matter_n endeavour_v to_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 15_o of_o rich._n the_o 2._o to_o belong_v to_o the_o conusance_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n because_o they_o be_v usual_o make_v at_o land_n within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 32_o of_o hen._n 8._o ch._n 14._o prohibit_v the_o employment_n of_o foreign_a ship_n ordain_v concern_v the_o ship_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o the_o owner_n or_o master_n make_v their_o departure_n from_o the_o port_n of_o london_n after_o the_o freight_a or_o lade_n of_o the_o ship_n as_o soon_o as_o wind_n and_o weather_n will_v serve_v according_a to_o the_o charter-party_n make_v betwixt_o the_o owner_n or_o master_n and_o the_o merchant_n without_o protract_v of_o time_n and_o also_o that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o to_o his_o power_n shall_v see_v and_o provide_v that_o all_o ware_n and_o merchandise_n which_o shall_v be_v by_o the_o say_a merchant_n and_o their_o servant_n bring_v into_o any_o ship_n or_o vessel_n shall_v be_v honest_o and_o in_o good_a order_n save_v and_o keep_v provide_v
good_n aboard_o a_o ship_n contrary_a to_o the_o charter-party_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v make_v if_o no_o reason_n can_v be_v show_v that_o judgement_n may_v be_v think_v not_o to_o have_v be_v ground_v so_o much_o upon_o reason_n as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n of_o the_o meaning_n of_o that_o statute_n as_o it_o be_v therein_o relate_v quia_fw-la contractus_fw-la ille_fw-la apud_fw-la novam_fw-la sarum_n factus_fw-la &_o junctus_fw-la fuit_fw-la touch_v that_o of_o the_o 28._o of_o elizabeth_n whereby_o glynn_n be_v condemn_v to_o constantine_n for_o breach_n of_o covenant_n in_o a_o charter-party_n in_o the_o sum_n of_o 500_o l._n it_o seem_v a_o case_n far_o more_o reasonable_a though_o something_o grievous_a because_o it_o be_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o a_o suit_n upon_o a_o charter-party_n may_v be_v commence_v at_o the_o common_a law_n upon_o a_o penalty_n as_o it_o seem_v that_o be_v for_o breach_n of_o covenant_n in_o not_o stay_v at_o madrill_n so_o many_o day_n as_o be_v limit_v by_o the_o charter-party_n only_o that_o be_v think_v no_o conclude_a argument_n against_o a_o suit_n in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o fraught_v ground_v on_o a_o charter-party_n but_o whereas_o when_o in_o the_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o trial_n be_v not_o sufficient_a because_o the_o issue_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o a_o place_n in_o a_o foreign_a kingdom_n from_o whence_o no_o jury_n by_o twelve_o man_n may_v be_v have_v sir_n edw._n cook_n say_v that_o sir_n christopher_n wray_n and_o the_o whole_a bench_n resolve_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v recover_v cost_v and_o damage_n because_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v at_o thetford_n in_o norfolk_n within_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o sir_n edw._n cook_n have_v say_v that_o whether_o the_o suggestion_n in_o the_o issue_n be_v true_a or_o false_a try_v by_o a_o competent_a or_o incompetent_a jury_n yet_o if_o the_o suit_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o charter-party_n the_o conusance_n thereof_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o whether_o the_o former_a judge_n have_v proceed_v well_o or_o not_o be_v not_o material_a so_o that_o what_o be_v premise_v former_o touch_v judgement_n and_o judicial_a act_n in_o the_o first_o chap._n may_v from_o this_o case_n be_v excuse_v and_o as_o touch_v the_o infinite_a prohibition_n grant_v upon_o suit_n commence_v in_o the_o admiralty_n concern_v charter-party_n there_o may_v be_v something_o declare_v and_o make_v appear_v reasonable_a hereafter_o in_o a_o other_o place_n as_o to_o the_o instance_n of_o policy_n of_o assurance_n hold_v tryable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n although_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 43._o of_o elizabeth_n it_o have_v be_v show_v that_o the_o proceed_n in_o those_o cause_n at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v altogether_o inconvenient_a to_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o in_o regard_n sir_n edward_n cook_n reason_n in_o dowdales_n case_n for_o the_o maintain_n of_o proceed_n in_o such_o business_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o other_o matter_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o admiralty_n jurisdiction_n something_o may_v be_v observe_v concern_v the_o same_o in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n reason_n as_o first_o that_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v the_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o action_n and_o that_o the_o arrest_v or_o imbargo_n in_o that_o case_n have_v be_v no_o ground_n of_o a_o action_n if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o assumpsit_fw-la neither_o can_v the_o assumpsit_fw-la have_v produce_v a_o action_n if_o there_o have_v not_o be_v a_o arrest_n but_o what_o be_v the_o near_a and_o immediate_a ground_n of_o the_o action_n without_o doubt_n the_o arrest_n and_o what_o be_v chief_o in_o question_n not_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la for_o it_o be_v take_v for_o grant_v that_o that_o be_v do_v in_o london_n but_o it_o be_v the_o arrest_n which_o as_o it_o be_v declare_v be_v in_o issue_n and_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o the_o common_a law_n which_o intend_v a_o trial_n of_o the_o vicinage_n intend_v it_o of_o the_o thing_n or_o matter_n which_o be_v in_o issue_n to_o be_v try_v but_o he_o further_o argue_v that_o the_o trial_n must_v be_v of_o necessity_n where_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la be_v make_v for_o otherwise_o there_o can_v have_v be_v no_o trial_n at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o may_v have_v savour_v of_o some_o reason_n if_o possible_o there_o can_v have_v be_v no_o trial_n in_o any_o other_o court_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v maritime_a and_o among_o merchant_n it_o may_v more_o proper_o have_v be_v try_v in_o the_o admiralty_n or_o in_o the_o assurance_n court_n without_o a_o jury_n or_o trial_n of_o twelve_o man_n by_o witness_n as_o fortescue_n acknowledge_v three_o touch_v that_o of_o the_o book_n of_o 48._o of_o edward_n the_o 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o if_o a_o mariner_n make_v covenant_n only_o to_o serve_v in_o a_o ship_n on_o the_o sea_n yet_o if_o the_o wage_n be_v not_o pay_v they_o shall_v be_v demand_v in_o that_o court_n by_o the_o common_a law_n not_o by_o the_o law_n mariner_n the_o occasion_n be_v that_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v bâ—ought_v at_o the_o common_a law_n upon_o a_o obligation_n date_v at_o harflet_n in_o kent_n whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v make_v in_o normandy_n and_o the_o consideration_n be_v service_n do_v in_o war_n in_o france_n thereupon_o one_o of_o the_o judge_n say_v that_o the_o sum_n demand_v grow_v due_a for_o service_n do_v in_o war_n the_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n court_n another_o as_o it_o seem_v willing_a to_o retain_v the_o cause_n say_v tâ—at_a he_o hire_v a_o man_n to_o go_v in_o a_o message_n to_o rome_n although_o the_o service_n be_v do_v in_o another_o realm_n yet_o what_o be_v due_a by_o covenant_n may_v be_v recover_v in_o that_o court_n another_o say_v if_o a_o mariner_n make_v a_o covenant_n with_o one_o to_o serve_v in_o a_o ship_n on_o the_o sea_n yet_o if_o his_o wage_n be_v not_o pay_v they_o shall_v be_v demand_v by_o the_o common_a law_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o it_o be_v plain_a it_o be_v not_o a_o resolution_n of_o the_o court_n but_o a_o fuit_fw-la dic_fw-la as_o they_o say_v and_o one_o man_n opinion_n by_o way_n of_o argument_n to_o another_o purpose_n and_o the_o ground_n thereof_o may_v be_v that_o if_o it_o be_v in_o issue_n whether_o such_o a_o covenant_n be_v make_v it_o may_v be_v try_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o it_o do_v not_o conclude_v but_o that_o if_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o service_n in_o the_o ship_n be_v perform_v on_o the_o sea_n it_o may_v more_o proper_o be_v try_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o confirmation_n on_o this_o point_n first_o to_o the_o 4._o request_v of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n to_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n 12._o may_v 1575._o viz._n that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n may_v have_v and_o enjoy_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o charter-party_n make_v between_o master_n of_o ship_n and_o merchant_n for_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n according_a as_o it_o have_v be_v accustom_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o according_a to_o the_o good_a meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o hen._n 8._o chap._n 14._o though_o the_o same_o charter-party_n be_v make_v with_o in_o the_o realm_n the_o answer_n be_v this_o be_v agree_v upon_o for_o thing_n to_o be_v perform_v upon_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n though_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o land_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o hen._n 8._o chap._n 14._o second_o it_o be_v agree_v unto_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o attorney_n general_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o counsel_n that_o if_o a_o suit_n be_v before_o the_o admiral_n for_o freight_n or_o mariner_n wage_n or_o for_o breach_n of_o charter-party_n for_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n although_o the_o charter-party_n happen_v to_o be_v make_v with_o in_o the_o realm_n and_o although_o the_o money_n be_v payable_a within_o the_o realm_n so_o as_o the_o penalty_n be_v not_o demand_v a_o prohibition_n be_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v but_o if_o the_o suit_n be_v for_o the_o penalty_n or_o if_o the_o question_n be_v make_v whether_o the_o charter-party_n be_v make_v or_o not_o or_o whether_o the_o party_n do_v release_v it_o be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o king_n court_n at_o westminster_n so_o that_o at_o first_o it_o be_v deny_v upon_o oath_n that_o a_o charter-party_n be_v make_v or_o a_o denial_n upon_o oath_n tender_v to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o it_o be_v there_o further_o agree_v that_o if_o suit_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o building_n
in_o those_o time_n 188._o saeculis_fw-la priscis_fw-la antequam_fw-la summorum_fw-la admirallorum_fw-la authoritas_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o ancient_a time_n before_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n be_v sufficient_o establish_v by_o our_o king_n and_o so_o distinguish_v that_o the_o government_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v whole_o belong_v unto_o ihem_n the_o sheriff_n have_v some_o authority_n in_o the_o sea_n adjoin_v to_o the_o county_n which_o do_v appear_v in_o that_o they_o do_v execute_v the_o king_n precept_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o convey_v the_o king_n ship_n from_o one_o port_n to_o another_o through_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v do_v about_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n the_o 3._o and_o of_o edw._n â—he_n 1._o but_o in_o subsequent_a time_n it_o be_v never_o â—eard_v of_o postquam_fw-la omnimoda_fw-la maris_fw-la custodia_fw-la etc._n etc._n after_o that_o all_o manner_n of_o guard_v the_o sea_n etc._n etc._n be_v by_o our_o king_n refer_v to_o the_o high_a admiral_n and_o to_o they_o only_o and_o their_o deputy_n which_o now_o belong_v â—nto_fw-mi they_o by_o right_a unquestionable_a in_o â—hich_v time_n if_o the_o coroner_n do_v exercise_n be_v office_n where_o at_o this_o time_n he_o can_v â—or_a the_o reason_n aforesaid_a it_o may_v be_v grant_v but_o no_o good_a argument_n can_v be_v â—rawn_v from_o those_o time_n to_o the_o time_n â—ollowing_v when_o the_o admiralty_n jurisdiction_n be_v better_o settle_v three_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o marsh_n ground_n over_o which_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v and_o reflow_v adjudge_v to_o be_v within_o the_o manor_n of_o brancaster_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n the_o 3._o whence_o it_o be_v conclude_v to_o be_v within_o the_o county_n be_v take_v up_o by_o sir_n edw._n coole_n upon_o the_o credit_n of_o dyer_n but_o sergeant_n calais_n in_o his_o readins_n cite_v the_o record_n in_o this_o manner_n contra_fw-la abbot_n de_fw-fr ramsey_n de_fw-fr quodam_fw-la processu_fw-la facto_fw-la versus_fw-la dictum_fw-la abbot_n ad_fw-la ostendendum_fw-la quare_fw-la sexaginta_fw-la acrae_fw-la marisci_fw-la in_o manum_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la seiziri_fw-la et_fw-la abbas_n respondet_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsa_fw-la tenet_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-fr brancaster_n quod_fw-la scituatum_fw-la est_fw-la iuxta_fw-la mare_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la est_fw-la ibidem_fw-la mariscus_n qui_fw-la aliquando_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la maris_fw-la minoratur_fw-la aliquando_fw-la per_fw-la fluxum_fw-la mardo_fw-la augetur_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o those_o ground_n be_v claim_v by_o that_o king_n as_o waste_v and_o float_v ground_n and_o no_o parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n which_o the_o abbot_n do_v justify_v and_o howsoever_o they_o may_v be_v part_n of_o the_o county_n yet_o they_o can_v not_o be_v place_n concern_v which_o there_o may_v grow_v any_o question_n of_o jurisdiction_n for_o although_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o flow_v and_o reflow_v of_o the_o sea_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o either_o fit_a for_o the_o sail_a nor_o arrive_v of_o ship_n and_o admit_v that_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v infer_v from_o thence_o to_o prove_v that_o place_n where_o the_o sea_n flow_v may_v be_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o whole_o exclude_v the_o admiral_n from_o have_v jurisdion_n by_o sir_n edw._n cook_n learning_n in_o sir_n henry_n constable_n case_n where_o he_o show_v that_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n that_o the_o soil_n over_o which_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v and_o reflow_v inter_fw-la le_fw-fr high-water_n mark_v and_o the_o low-water_n mark_n the_o land_n may_v be_v parcel_n of_o a_o manor_n of_o a_o subject_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o when_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v ad_fw-la plenitudinem_fw-la the_o admiral_n shall_v have_v jurisdiction_n of_o any_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o water_n betwixt_o the_o high-water_n mark_n &_o the_o low-water_n mark_n by_o the_o ordinary_a and_o natural_a course_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o when_o the_o sea_n do_v reflow_v the_o land_n may_v appertain_v to_o a_o subject_n and_o then_o any_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v try_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o it_o be_v then_o parcel_n of_o the_o county_n whereupon_o he_o make_v a_o observation_n that_o beyond_o the_o low-water_n mark_v the_o admiral_n always_o have_v jurisdiction_n and_o betwixt_o the_o high-water_n mark_n and_o the_o low-water_n mark_n the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o admiralty_n have_v divisum_fw-la imperium_fw-la interchangeable_o and_o why_o the_o same_o shall_v not_o hold_v as_o well_o in_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o in_o the_o open_a sea_n may_v deserve_v some_o consideration_n four_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o haven_n of_o hull_n to_o be_v within_o the_o burrow_n in_o respect_n of_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n determinable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o show_v in_o general_a it_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o in_o the_o same_o place_n if_o damage_n be_v do_v by_o one_o ship_n to_o another_o remedy_n may_v be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o roll_n of_o oleron_n and_o so_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o place_n though_o not_o of_o the_o cause_n the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o admiralty_n may_v have_v conjunctum_fw-la imperium_fw-la occasional_o second_o there_o remain_v those_o authority_n which_o show_v that_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n have_v punish_v and_o restrain_v such_o as_o have_v sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o thing_n do_v in_o havens_n and_o navigable_a river_n as_o by_o action_n of_o double_a damage_n praemuniry_n and_o prohibition_n touch_v the_o first_o it_o be_v relate_v that_o 6_o hen._n 6._o john_n burton_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n recover_v against_o bartholomew_n put_v for_o double_a damage_n 1400_o l._n for_o that_o the_o say_v put_v have_v sue_v burton_n in_o the_o admiralty_n for_o enter_v and_o take_v away_o three_o ship_n with_o merchandise_n and_o prisoner_n with_o force_n of_o arm_n super_fw-la alâ—um_fw-la mare_fw-la whereas_o the_o take_v thereof_o be_v in_o the_o haven_n of_o bristol_n intra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la again_o that_o the_o like_a action_n 12_o of_o henry_n 6._o be_v bring_v by_o robert_n copper_n against_o john_n reyner_n who_o have_v sue_v he_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o enter_v his_o ship_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o yarmouth_n infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la norfolk_n second_o concern_v praemunires_fw-la it_o be_v say_v that_o 38_o of_o hen._n 6_o one_o be_v bring_v by_o john_n cassy_n against_o richard_n beauchamp_n and_o thomas_n paunce_n for_o that_o they_o sue_v he_o in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o take_v away_o certain_a jewel_n super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la whereas_o he_o take_v they_o apud_fw-la stratford-bow_n infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la middlesexiae_fw-la again_o that_o in_o the_o 9_o of_o hen._n 7._o a_o praemunire_n be_v bring_v for_o a_o sâ—te_n in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n for_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o quandam_fw-la naviculam_fw-la apud_fw-la horton_n key_n at_o south_n lynn_n suppose_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v do_v super_fw-la altum_fw-la mare_fw-la it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o these_o authority_n especial_o contain_v forcible_a argument_n and_o fit_a to_o fright_v man_n from_o sue_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n but_o how_o reasonable_a it_o may_v be_v consider_v touch_v the_o action_n of_o double_a damage_n in_o the_o lead_a case_n of_o burton_n against_o putskie_n the_o point_n of_o issue_n be_v as_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v whether_o the_o thing_n do_v in_o the_o river_n of_o bristol_n be_v do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n and_o eight_o term_n as_o sir_n edw._n cook_n relate_v be_v spend_v in_o deliberation_n of_o the_o case_n which_o argue_v that_o the_o judge_n can_v not_o easy_o agree_v upon_o the_o same_o and_o happy_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o statute_n of_o henry_n 4._o for_o double_a damage_n relate_v only_o to_o that_o of_o the_o 13_o of_o richard_n the_o 2._o chap._n 5._o and_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v upon_o that_o of_o the_o 15_o richard_n the_o 2._o chap._n 3._o touch_v thing_n do_v within_o the_o body_n of_o county_n it_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o extend_v a_o penal_a law_n from_o one_o statute_n to_o another_o and_o how_o right_o it_o be_v so_o adjudge_v may_v be_v better_o consider_v and_o it_o may_v be_v think_v upon_o why_o that_o be_v a_o lead_a case_n and_o have_v receive_v so_o long_a deliberation_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v no_o way_n publish_v it_o may_v be_v far_o note_v as_o to_o our_o purpose_n that_o the_o take_n of_o ship_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o bristol_n be_v do_v with_o force_n of_o arm_n which_o make_v it_o more_o than_o a_o ordinary_a business_n of_o which_o the_o admiral_n claim_v the_o conusance_n in_o such_o place_n but_o be_v of_o the_o condition_n of_o
may_v soon_o swallow_v up_o the_o other_o not_o only_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o who_o good_a the_o diversity_n of_o court_n be_v erect_v but_o also_o the_o wrong_n of_o the_o prince_n from_o who_o those_o jurisdiction_n be_v derive_v sir_n thomas_n rydlye_n in_o his_o view_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n further_o show_v how_o injurious_a to_o the_o admiralty_n and_o unreasonable_a this_o practice_n be_v in_o regard_n that_o in_o law_n no_o fiction_n ought_v to_o be_v admit_v but_o such_o as_o be_v both_o possible_a and_o equitable_a first_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v possible_a because_o otherwise_o it_o be_v to_o admit_v that_o by_o way_n of_o supposition_n which_o nature_n will_v not_o allow_v and_o therefore_o although_o one_o that_o be_v dead_a to_o some_o construction_n of_o law_n may_v be_v feign_v to_o be_v alive_a if_o at_o that_o time_n any_o of_o his_o equal_n in_o age_n be_v still_o live_v yet_o one_o who_o die_v two_o hundred_o year_n since_o can_v to_o any_o purpose_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v live_v all_o of_o the_o same_o age_n be_v long_o before_o dead_a second_o the_o fiction_n ought_v to_o be_v equitable_a because_o if_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o it_o it_o be_v altogether_o unnecessary_a and_o useless_a and_o therefore_o although_o the_o law_n may_v admit_v a_o fiction_n or_o supposition_n that_o a_o child_n in_o the_o mother_n womb_n be_v already_o bear_v for_o its_o benefit_n in_o regard_n that_o otherwise_o it_o may_v be_v deprive_v of_o its_o filial_a portion_n or_o some_o other_o right_n in_o equity_n belong_v to_o it_o yet_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o reason_n or_o equity_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v as_o vain_a and_o ridiculous_a but_o for_o the_o fiction_n of_o a_o ship_n to_o arrive_v in_o wardo_fw-it de_fw-fr cheap_a where_o there_o be_v no_o water_n to_o bear_v or_o carry_v be_v of_o a_o thing_n utter_o impossible_a and_o it_o be_v whole_o void_a of_o equity_n because_o a_o trial_n of_o any_o business_n thereupon_o can_v obtain_v any_o just_a and_o fait_fw-fr remedy_n thereby_o at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o may_v not_o have_v be_v have_v in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n which_o be_v a_o more_o competent_a and_o proper_a court_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o such_o thing_n than_o any_o court_n of_o the_o common_a law_n second_o concern_v action_n of_o trespass_n the_o admiral_n in_o his_o ordinary_a capacity_n claim_v no_o jurisdiction_n of_o offence_n against_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o on_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o wrong_n and_o injury_n do_v in_o other_o place_n without_o force_n or_o violence_n to_o make_v such_o cause_n triable_a in_o the_o king_n court_n it_o be_v suggest_v that_o they_o be_v do_v vi_o &_o armis_fw-la which_o be_v the_o usual_a form_n of_o endictment_n of_o trespass_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o of_o cut_v of_o a_o purse_n although_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o fear_n nor_o violence_n use_v in_o commit_v the_o same_o touch_v the_o interrupt_n and_o obstruct_v the_o proceed_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o concern_v stipulation_n and_o libel_n although_o it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o what_o sir_n edward_n cook_n affirm_v 7.9_o that_o where_o the_o principal_a matter_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v of_o ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n the_o temporal_a judge_n ought_v not_o to_o call_v in_o question_n the_o form_n of_o proceed_n though_o they_o be_v against_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o cuilibet_fw-la in_o sua_fw-la arte_fw-la merito_fw-la credendum_fw-la that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v allow_v in_o the_o admiral_n court_n yet_o in_o the_o three_o objection_n of_o the_o complaint_n 8_o jacob_n it_o be_v show_v that_o whereas_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n the_o admiral_n court_n have_v use_v to_o take_v stipulation_n for_o appearance_n and_o performance_n of_o the_o act_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o same_o court_n it_o be_v now_o affirm_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n that_o the_o amiralty_n court_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o not_o able_a to_o take_v such_o stipulation_n and_o hereupon_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o that_o court_n the_o answer_n whereunto_o be_v that_o the_o admiralty_n proceed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o can_v take_v any_o such_o recognizance_n as_o a_o court_n of_o record_n may_v do_v and_o for_o take_v of_o recognizance_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n we_o find_v that_o prohibition_n have_v be_v grant_v as_o by_o the_o law_n they_o ought_v and_o if_o a_o erroneous_a sentence_n be_v give_v in_o that_o court_n no_o writ_n of_o error_n but_o a_o appeal_n to_o certain_a delegate_n do_v lie_v as_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 8_o eliz._n reginae_fw-la cap._n 5._o which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n whereunto_o it_o may_v be_v reply_v 15._o that_o some_o thing_n do_v by_o or_o before_o the_o admiral_n be_v matter_n of_o record_n may_v be_v maintain_v from_o a_o ancient_a ordinance_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o with_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n at_o grimsby_n viz._n that_o when_o the_o king_n write_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n to_o the_o admiral_n to_o arrest_v ship_n more_o or_o less_o for_o his_o service_n and_o that_o the_o admiral_n shall_v write_v to_o his_o lieutenant_n to_o see_v thing_n put_v in_o execution_n according_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o admiral_n and_o his_o lieutenant_n be_v of_o record_n after_o the_o admiral_n shall_v have_v write_v to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o name_n of_o the_o ship_n arrest_v together_o with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o master_n of_o they_o in_o that_o case_n neither_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n nor_o the_o master_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o say_v that_o the_o ship_n be_v not_o arrest_v but_o admit_v that_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n be_v not_o a_o court_n of_o record_n in_o ordinary_a matter_n no_o more_o be_v the_o stipulation_n take_v there_o such_o recognizance_n as_o be_v require_v to_o be_v take_v in_o court_n of_o record_n by_o the_o common_a law_n those_o stipulation_n cause_v no_o privilege_v obligation_n before_o other_o bond_n nor_o extend_v to_o any_o part_n of_o man_n land_n which_o be_v otherwise_o in_o recognizance_n take_v in_o court_n of_o record_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a thâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d edward_n cook_n acknowledge_v and_o â—â—â—â—â—ing_v the_o proceed_n of_o that_o 〈…〉_z according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n 〈…〉_z stipulation_n or_o have_v for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d appearance_n and_o the_o performance_n of_o deâ—crees_n and_o sentence_n in_o â—hat_n court_n prâ—scribed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n ne_o judicia_fw-la sint_fw-la elusoria_fw-la and_o unversal_o practise_v where_o judicial_a proceed_n be_v according_a to_o that_o law_n as_o likewise_o in_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n court_n and_o in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o university_n proceed_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o same_o shall_v not_o be_v allow_v in_o the_o admiralty_n court_n and_o the_o complaint_n in_o this_o point_n may_v seem_v the_o more_o considerable_a in_o regard_n that_o to_o the_o public_a notary_n about_o the_o exchange_n with_o out_o exception_n or_o control_v it_o have_v be_v allow_v that_o merchant_n appear_v before_o they_o in_o a_o manner_n near_o to_o the_o recognizance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v acknowledge_v bond_n and_o bind_v see_v &_o executores_fw-la &_o bona_fw-la tam_fw-la immobilia_fw-la quam_fw-la mobilia_fw-la praesentia_fw-la in_o futura_fw-la and_o sometime_o themselves_o be_v absent_a the_o same_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o their_o â—_z by_o their_o servant_n or_o factor_n exhibit_v procuration_n from_o they_o to_o that_o purpose_n and_o it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o among_o sir_n edw._n cook_n authority_n there_o can_v be_v discern_v any_o statute_n judgement_n or_o book-case_n to_o make_v good_a the_o answer_n to_o that_o objection_n in_o the_o complaint_n second_o concern_v libel_n in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n the_o lord_n hobard_fw-mi in_o aud_o and_o jenning_n case_n affirm_v that_o if_o a_o contract_n in_o truth_n be_v make_v at_o sea_n and_o in_o the_o admiral_n court_n it_o be_v lay_v general_o without_o say_v supper_n alto_fw-mi mari_fw-fr a_o prohibition_n may_v lie_v for_o the_o libel_n must_v warrant_v the_o sure_a in_o itself_o but_o justice_n reeves_n in_o his_o argument_n paschae_fw-la 22._o garoli_fw-it differ_v from_o he_o in_o opinion_n and_o distinguish_v betwixt_o a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n create_v in_o diminution_n of_o the_o general_a court_n of_o common_a law_n and_o a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n over_o thing_n that_o never_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o court_n of_o common_a law_n