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forty_o four_o justice_n in_o one_o year_n to_o be_v hang_v for_o breach_n of_o these_o law_n and_o more_o particular_o the_o suitor_n of_o cirencester_n for_o that_o they_o do_v detain_v a_o man_n so_o long_o in_o prison_n that_o offer_v to_o acquit_v himself_o that_o he_o die_v there_o as_o you_o may_v find_v pag._n 301._o whereby_o you_o may_v clear_o perceive_v that_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n as_o touch_v their_o person_n be_v not_o ground_v mere_o upon_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la but_o be_v of_o a_o more_o ancient_a foundation_n even_o in_o the_o original_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v only_o a_o declaration_n or_o confirmation_n of_o those_o former_a law_n which_o by_o divine_a right_n and_o nature_n we_o inherit_v as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o proem_n to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o institutes_n observe_v these_o law_n be_v gather_v and_o observe_v among_o other_o in_o a_o entire_a volume_n 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that_o cost_v so_o much_o blood_n of_o our_o ancestor_n and_o be_v so_o long_o in_o the_o forge_n before_o it_o can_v be_v fashion_v be_v no_o less_o than_o 200._o year_n under_o persecution_n before_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n be_v that_o brazen_a wall_n and_o impregnable_a bulwark_n that_o defend_v the_o common_a liberty_n of_o england_n from_o all_o illegal_a &_o destructive_a arbitrary_a power_n whatsoever_o be_v it_o either_o by_o prince_n or_o state_n endeavour_v and_o because_o it_o import_v we_o so_o much_o we_o shall_v recite_v the_o word_n of_o this_o charter_n as_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n of_o the_o vindication_n of_o our_o liberty_n both_o of_o person_n &_o estate_n and_o first_o ch_n 14._o it_o run_v thus_o a_o freeman_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v for_o a_o small_a fault_n but_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o for_o a_o great_a fault_n after_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o save_v to_o he_o his_o contentment_n and_o a_o merchant_n save_v to_o he_o likewise_o his_o merehandise_n and_o none_o of_o the_o say_a amercement_n shall_v be_v assess_v but_o by_o oath_n of_o honest_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n this_o part_n of_o the_o charter_n be_v make_v in_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n as_o appear_v by_o glanvil_n l._n 9_o c._n 11._o where_o he_o use_v these_o word_n est_fw-la autem_fw-la miserico_fw-la dia_z domini_fw-la regis_fw-la qua_fw-la quio_fw-la per_fw-la juramentum_fw-la legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la vicineto_fw-la eatenus_fw-la amerciandus_fw-la est_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la de_fw-fr svo_fw-la honorabili_fw-la contenemento_fw-it amittet_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o the_o amercement_n or_o mercy_n of_o the_o king_n aught_o to_o be_v such_o whereby_o a_o man_n be_v to_o be_v amerce_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n or_o county_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o he_o may_v not_o lose_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o countenance_n or_o subsistence_n together_o with_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o freehold_n for_o so_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n take_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 4._o and_o vet_z n._n br._n fol._n 11._o the_o armour_n and_o weapon_n and_o profession_n of_o a_o soldier_n be_v his_o countenance_n and_o the_o book_n of_o a_o scholar_n so_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 2._o part_n of_o instit_fw-la pag._n 28._o amercement_n ought_v to_o be_v assess_v by_o the_o equal_n of_o he_o that_o be_v amerce_v so_o be_v the_o express_a book_n of_o 7._o h._n 6._o foe_n 12._o in_o dett_n fitz._n herbert_n nat._n brev._n fol._n 73._o and_o in_o case_n where_o a_o man_n be_v amerce_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v imprison_v as_o appear_v 11._o h._n 4._o fol._n 55._o the_o intent_n of_o which_o clause_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v try_v but_o by_o his_o equal_n as_o more_o full_o appear_v cap._n 29._o where_o it_o be_v thus_o enact_v no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o disseise_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n or_o be_v outlawed_a or_o exile_v or_o any_o otherwise_o destroy_v nor_o we_o will_v not_o pass_v upon_o he_o nor_o condemn_v he_o but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n in_o these_o few_o word_n lie_v conch_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n this_o word_n libre_fw-la homo_fw-la or_o free_a man_n extend_v to_o all_o manner_n of_o english_a people_n as_o appear_v stamf._n pl._n coron_n pag._n 152._o in_o these_o word_n of_o this_o charter_n before_o recite_v there_o be_v these_o 6._o particular_n first_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n second_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v disseise_v dispossess_v sequester_v or_o put_v out_o of_o his_o freehold_n that_o be_v land_n or_o livelihood_n liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n three_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v 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protection_n of_o the_o law_n aâ—d_v not_o to_o be_v permit_v to_o sue_v for_o a_o man_n right_a or_o to_o be_v stay_v by_o injunction_n or_o pronibition_n so_o that_o a_o man_n can_v proceed_v all_o which_o cause_n be_v illegal_a and_o contrary_a to_o this_o clause_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n for_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v permit_v to_o go_v to_o trial_n judgement_n and_o execution_n in_o his_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o fail_v in_o his_o suit_n he_o shall_v pay_v cost_n and_o be_v amerce_v pro_fw-la falso_fw-la clamoro_fw-la which_o amencement_n ought_v to_o be_v reasonable_a &_o salvo_fw-la contenemento_fw-it that_o he_o be_v not_o destroy_v as_o be_v before_o declare_v which_o payment_n of_o destruction_n be_v the_o four_o particular_a and_o now_o come_v to_o be_v handle_v the_o word_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n destroy_v but_o by_o judgement_n of_o his_o 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henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n his_o brother_n be_v restore_v first_o because_o that_o he_o be_v not_o arraign_v and_o put_v to_o answer_v second_o because_o that_o contrary_a to_o this_o charter_n of_o liberty_n the_o say_a thomas_n be_v one_o of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n without_o answer_n or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n such_o like_a proceed_n be_v have_v in_o the_o case_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n as_o appear_v p._n 39_o coram_fw-la rege_fw-la and_o in_o the_o e._n of_o aruudel_n case_n rot._n par._n 4._o e._n 3._o nu._n 13._o and_o in_o sir_n john_n alees_n case_n 4._o e._n 3._o nu._n 2._o such_o be_v the_o destruction_n commit_v upon_o the_o lord_n hastings_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n by_o k._n richard_n the_o 3._o who_o swear_v he_o will_v not_o die_v before_o he_o see_v his_o head_n off_o and_o thereupon_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v without_o trial_n answer_n or_o lawful_a conviction_n such_o be_v the_o destruction_n of_o the_o lord_n rivers_n and_o many_o other_o of_o sad_a remembrance_n but_o above_o all_o that_o attainder_n of_o thomas_n cromwell_n earl_n of_o essen_n who_o be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n as_o appear_v rot._n part._n 32._o h._n 8._o be_v commit_v to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o forthcoming_a to_o be_v hear_v and_o yet_o never_o call_v to_o answer_v in_o any_o of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n they_o sitting_z which_o we_o hope_v shall_v never_o be_v more_o draw_v into_o precedent_n but_o wish_v with_o a_o clearned_a sage_a in_o the_o law_n quod_fw-la auferat_fw-la oblivio_fw-la si_fw-la potest_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la vicunque_fw-la silentium_fw-la tegat_fw-la which_o be_v let_v oblivion_n take_v away_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o foul_a a_o fact_n if_o it_o can_v if_o it_o can_v let_v silence_n cover_v it_o for_o the_o more_o high_a and_o honourable_a the_o court_n be_v the_o more_o just_a and_o honourable_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o proceed_n and_o to_o 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in_o the_o lord_n house_n anno_fw-la 6._o e._n 3._o nu._n 6._o that_o such_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o law_n as_o shall_v be_v send_v as_o justice_n or_o otherwise_o to_o serve_v in_o ireland_n shall_v have_v no_o excuse_n yet_o say_v sir_n edw._n cook_n 2._o part_n instit_fw-la p._n 48._o that_o order_n or_o ordinance_n be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o do_v not_o bind_v the_o subject_n so_o that_o we_o that_o be_v the_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o england_n can_v at_o this_o day_n be_v enforce_v or_o compel_v to_o depart_v the_o realm_n or_o be_v exile_v or_o banish_v from_o our_o native_a country_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o from_o this_o we_o pass_v to_o examine_v what_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v a_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o our_o peer_n and_o what_o be_v here_o in_o this_o charter_n mean_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n this_o great_a charter_n be_v pen_v in_o latin_a the_o word_n be_v thus_o nec_fw-la super_fw-la eum_fw-la ibimus_fw-la nec_fw-la super_fw-la eummittemus_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_n suorum_fw-la which_o be_v more_o emphatical_o in_o the_o latin_a then_o in_o our_o english_a translation_n of_o this_o charter_n for_o the_o translation_n render_v it_o we_o will_v not_o pass_v upon_o nor_o condemn_v any_o man_n but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n whereas_o the_o word_n in_o the_o latin_a import_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o in_o his_o own_o person_n when_o he_o be_v personal_o present_a in_o his_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n or_o any_o other_o of_o his_o court_n of_o justice_n cause_n any_o man_n to_o be_v otherwise_o try_v or_o condemn_v then_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n nec_fw-la super_fw-la eum_fw-la mittemus_fw-la that_o be_v that_o no_o judge_n commissioner_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v by_o force_n of_o any_o writ_n or_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n in_o his_o absence_n arraign_v try_v or_o condemn_v any_o man_n but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n now_o this_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o a_o man_n peer_n be_v and_o have_v always_o have_v a_o twofold_a construction_n in_o law_n the_o one_o be_v when_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n have_v commit_v treason_n or_o felony_n or_o other_o capital_a offence_n whereby_o he_o be_v indictable_a at_o the_o king_n suit_n there_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o charter_n ought_v to_o be_v try_v by_o his_o peer_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v lord_n of_o parliament_n that_o sit_v there_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o nobility_n for_o no_o nobleman_n that_o be_v not_o a_o lord_n of_o
the_o parliament_n or_o any_o other_o that_o sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n by_o writ_n et_fw-la non_fw-la ratione_fw-la nobiliatis_fw-la can_v be_v a_o tryer_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o challenge_v this_o privilege_n of_o trial_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n felony_n or_o other_o capital_a offence_n but_o a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o parliament_n shall_v not_o have_v this_o privilege_n either_o upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o praemunire_n or_o upon_o a_o appeal_v of_o felony_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n or_o in_o any_o civill-action_n either_o concern_v the_o right_a of_o land_n or_o of_o other_o possession_n or_o in_o any_o personal_a action_n bring_v by_o a_o commonperson_n against_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n as_o appear_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o book_n of_o 1._o h._n 4._o f._n 1_o 13._o h._n 8._o f._n 12._o 10._o e._n 4._o fol._n 6._o this_o trial_n of_o nobleman_n by_o their_o peer_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n be_v not_o upon_o oath_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o common_a person_n for_o the_o peer_n be_v not_o swear_v before_o the_o lord_n steward_n before_o who_o this_o trial_n must_v be_v have_v but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v by_o the_o lord_n steward_n super_fw-la fidelitatibus_fw-la &_o ligeantiis_fw-la dom._n regi_fw-la debitis_fw-la that_o be_v upon_o their_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n due_a to_o the_o king_n and_o if_o they_o acquit_v the_o peer_n or_o nobleman_n upon_o who_o they_o pass_v the_o entry_n be_v willelmus_fw-la comes_fw-la e._n &_o cateri_fw-la antedicti_fw-la pares_fw-la instâ—nter_fw-la super_fw-la fidelitatibus_fw-la &_o ligeantiis_fw-la dicto_fw-la dâ—m_fw-la regi_fw-la debitis_fw-la per_fw-la praefarun_v senescallun_n ab_fw-la inferiori_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la supremum_fw-la separatim_fw-la examinati_fw-la dicunt_fw-la quod_fw-la wil._n dom._n dacre_n nox_fw-la est_fw-la culp_n and_o so_o be_v the_o entry_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n dacres_n 26._o h._n 8._o spilmans_fw-mi report_n and_o cook_n instit_fw-la 3._o part_n p._n 30._o if_o a_o nobleman_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n felony_n or_o murder_n and_o can_v be_v find_v he_o shall_v be_v outlaw_v by_o the_o coroner_n of_o the_o county_n and_o in_o case_n of_o clergy_n no_o nobleman_n shall_v have_v more_o privilege_n than_o a_o commonperson_n where_o it_o be_v not_o special_o provide_v for_o they_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o by_o stamford_n pl._n cor._n p._n 130._o be_v make_v manifest_a out_o of_o all_o which_o we_o gather_v that_o a_o nobleman_n have_v this_o privilege_n of_o trial_n as_o well_o per_fw-la lege_fw-la terra_fw-la as_o by_o this_o charter_n and_o that_o ancient_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a trial_n of_o peer_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n aswell_o nobleman_n as_o commons_o be_v veredictum_a duodecim_fw-la proborum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la vicineto_fw-la a_o verdict_n of_o 12._o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n that_o be_v of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n &_o so_o still_o remain_v save_v only_o in_o this_o except_a case_n by_o the_o great_a charter_n which_o show_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n but_o it_o must_v be_v per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la or_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v the_o other_o branch_n of_o this_o judgement_n as_o to_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n now_o to_o prove_v that_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o a_o man_n peer_n or_o equal_n be_v by_o verdict_n of_o 12._o man_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o the_o word_n peer_n vinvocal_o signify_v both_o let_v we_o consult_v both_o the_o judgement_n of_o parliament_n in_o this_o point_n and_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o first_o for_o the_o opinion_n of_o parliament_n in_o this_o point_n we_o find_v that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 4._o none_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n make_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o to_o his_o council_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o his_o good_a and_o lawful_a people_n of_o the_o same_o neighbourhood_n 42._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o it_o be_v assent_v and_o accord_v for_o the_o good_a governance_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o no_o man_n be_v put_v to_o answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n or_o by_o due_a process_n and_o writ_n original_a according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v from_o henceforth_o contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o hold_v for_o error_n and_o to_o say_v one_o word_n for_o all_o there_o be_v above_o 50_o statute_n now_o in_o print_n and_o in_o force_n that_o warrant_v this_o trial_n or_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la or_o trial_n by_o a_o man_n equal_n or_o peer_n make_v since_o the_o great_a charter_n in_o several_a case_n the_o cite_n of_o which_o statute_n for_o prolixity_n we_o avoid_v and_o that_o this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n we_o be_v here_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o that_o there_o be_v none_o other_o wherein_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v this_o distinction_n that_o this_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n be_v twofold_a the_o one_o be_v of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n the_o other_o be_v of_o matter_n of_o law_n that_o which_o be_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v to_o be_v try_v per_fw-la legale_fw-la indicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o a_o lawful_a trial_n of_o a_o man_n peer_n that_o which_o be_v of_o matter_n of_o law_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o judge_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o land_n authorize_v thereunto_o by_o the_o king_n lawful_a commission_n to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o our_o peer_n or_o equal_n as_o touchiug_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n we_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o original_a constitution_n thereof_o we_o find_v that_o king_n alfred_n have_v reduce_v this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n into_o a_o entire-monarchy_n divide_v it_o into_o 38._o county_n and_o each_o county_n into_o several_a hundred_o and_o manor_n the_o county_n be_v put_v under_o the_o government_n of_o earl_n who_o substitute_v under_o they_o viscount_n or_o sheriff_n for_o the_o quiet_a government_n of_o the_o people_n the_o hundred_o and_o manor_n subordinate_o under_o the_o several_a lord_n of_o they_o the_o sheriff_n have_v two_o court_n to_o wit_n the_o sheriffes-tourn_n and_o the_o county-court_n the_o first_o for_o offence_n against_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o land_n the_o latter_a for_o entry_n and_o determination_n of_o civill-cause_n between_o party_n and_o party_n in_o the_o first_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o offence_n be_v make_v per-enqu_a that_o be_v by_o juries_n in_o the_o second_o the_o free-suiter_n that_o be_v man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o the_o leet_n or_o view_v of_o frankepledge_a and_o hundred-court_n in_o the_o hundred_o the_o like_a proceed_n be_v in_o the_o leet_n and_o court-baron_n of_o manor_n in_o those_o court_n there_o be_v no_o condemnation_n or_o judgement_n give_v but_o by_o the_o enquirie_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n this_o every_o book_n of_o the_o law_n tell_v we_o for_o more_o particular_a satisfaction_n read_v horn_n f._n 8._o and_o forward_n these_o court_n be_v form_v after_o the_o model_n of_o the_o great_a court_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o kings-bench_n and_o common-plea_n where_o great_a jurisdiction_n be_v as_o to_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v inquire_v of_o but_o no_o variation_n original_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v only_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n and_o common-plea_n in_o trial_n of_o action_n ad_fw-la dampnum_fw-la 40._o s._n flow_v over_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o other_o court_n be_v confine_v to_o their_o several_a limit_n and_o may_v not_o exceed_v 40._o s._n damage_n these_o be_v the_o original_a court_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o peer_n be_v only_o trial_n by_o jury_n of_o equal_n before_o this_o great_a charter_n from_o which_o trial_n this_o clause_n be_v insert_v into_o it_o and_o by_o a_o inviolable_a right_n of_o law_n continue_v in_o force_n even_o to_o this_o day_n as_o every_o free_a subject_n of_o england_n by_o experience_n know_v and_o as_o every_o book_n of_o our_o law_n prove_v into_o we_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n in_o criminal_a cause_n be_v the_o judgement_n of_o attainder_n and_o in_o civil_a cause_n a_o condemnation_n as_o stamford_n pl._n cor._n p_o 44._o and_o all_o other_o book_n prove_v and_o to_o leave_v every_o man_n without_o
scruple_n in_o this_o particular_a we_o find_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n the_o 1._o c._n 12._o that_o in_o case_n of_o felony_n those_o that_o refuse_v upon_o their_o arraignment_n to_o put_v themselves_o upon_o the_o enquest_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o penance_n for_o it_o &_o dure_v which_o be_v stone_v or_o press_v to_o death_n because_o they_o refuse_v as_o the_o statute_n say_v to_o stand_v to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o party_n accuse_v stand_v mute_a and_o will_v not_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o enquest_n the_o judge_n ought_v to_o examine_v the_o evidence_n and_o to_o inquire_v by_o the_o jury_n whether_o he_o be_v mute_a of_o malice_n or_o by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n before_o he_o shall_v give_v judgement_n against_o the_o prisoner_n so_o tender_a be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o life_n of_o every_o man_n that_o if_o a_o offender_n will_v wilful_o cast_v away_o his_o life_n by_o contumacy_n yet_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v condemn_v but_o per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la or_o lawful_a verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n which_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n this_o appear_v by_o stamf._n pl._n cor._n p._n 150._o a_o b_o c_o d._n cook_n instit_fw-la p._n 2._o part_n page_n 178._o and_o so_o from_o this_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o peer_n or_o equal_n we_o come_v to_o declare_v to_o the_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o england_n what_o this_o lexterrae_a or_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v and_o first_o we_o say_v that_o this_o lex_fw-la terrae_fw-la or_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v the_o absolute_a perfection_n of_o reason_n as_o sir_n edw._n cook_n 2._o part_n instit_fw-la page_n 179._o say_v second_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o all_o commission_n make_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o land_n run_v thus_o that_o they_o in_o all_o case_n that_o come_v before_o they_o facturi_fw-la sunt_fw-la inde_fw-la quod_fw-la adjustitiam_fw-la pertinet_fw-la secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la angliae_fw-la the_o judge_n by_o their_o commission_n be_v to_o judge_v and_o act_v only_o that_o which_o to_o justice_n belong_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n as_o 2_o part_n of_o cook_n instit_fw-la p._n 51._o and_o daily_a experience_n tell_v we_o three_o it_o consist_v of_o the_o lawful_a and_o reasonable_a usage_n and_o custom_n receive_v and_o time-out-of-mind_n observe_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o if_o a_o custom_n or_o usage_n be_v not_o lawful_a it_o ought_v not_o to_o bind_v quod_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la vitiosum_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la tractu_fw-la tempor_fw-la be_v convalescere_fw-la say_v ulpian_n l._n 29._o course_n of_o time_n amend_v not_o that_o which_o be_v naught_o from_o the_o first_o beginning_n and_o in_o jur._n reg._n v._n 2._o q._n 117_o art_n 1._o non_fw-la firmatur_fw-la tractu_fw-la tempora_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la non_fw-la subsistat_fw-la that_o which_o be_v not_o ground_v upon_o good_a right_n be_v not_o make_v good_a by_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o they_o must_v be_v reasonable_a too_o so_o be_v augustine_n opinion_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vera_fw-la religione_fw-la cap._n 31._o mihilex_fw-la essenon_n videtur_fw-la que_fw-fr justa_n none_a it_o seem_v say_v he_o to_o i_o to_o be_v no_o law_n at_o all_o which_o be_v not_o just_a it_o must_v likewise_o be_v receive_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o people_n therefore_o ulpian_n f._n the_o leg_n 32._o leges_fw-la nulla_fw-la alia_fw-la causa_fw-la nos_fw-la tenent_fw-la quam_fw-la quod_fw-la judicio_fw-la populi_fw-la receptae_fw-la sunt_fw-la the_o law_n do_v therefore_o bind_v the_o subject_a because_o they_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o gratian_n in_o dec._n distinct_a 4._o thum_z demum_fw-la humane_a leges_fw-la habent_fw-la vim_o svam_fw-la cum_fw-la fuerint_fw-la non_fw-la modo_fw-la institutae_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la firmatae_fw-la approbatione_fw-la comunitatis_fw-la it_o be_v then_o that_o humane_a law_n have_v their_o strength_n when_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o be_v devise_v but_o by_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o people_n confirm_v four_o this_o law_n of_o the_o land_n consist_v of_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n and_o modern_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o of_o these_o only_a such_o as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o as_o gregory_z de_fw-fr valentia_fw-la exit_fw-la tho._n q._n 93._o art_n 3._o &_o q._n 94._o art_n 34._o well_o observe_v humane_a law_n be_v a_o righteous_a decree_n agree_v with_o the_o law_n natural_a and_o eternal_a and_o augustine_n de_fw-fr libero_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la cap._n 36._o nihil_fw-la justum_fw-la est_fw-la atque_fw-la legitimum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la ab_fw-la aeterna_fw-la lege_fw-la sibi_fw-la homines_fw-la derivaverint_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o just_a and_o lawful_a which_o man_n have_v not_o derive_v unto_o themselves_o from_o the_o law_n eternal_a and_o horn_n cap._n 5._o sect_n 1._o say_v that_o torvous_a usage_n and_o unjust_a decree_n not_o warrantable_a by_o law_n nor_o sufferable_a by_o holy_a scripture_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v or_o obey_v out_o of_o all_o which_o premise_n we_o conclude_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o perfection_n of_o reason_n consist_v of_o lawful_a and_o reasonable_a custom_n receive_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o people_n and_o of_o the_o old_a constitution_n and_o modern_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o such_o only_a as_o be_v agreeable_a both_o to_o the_o law_n eternal_a and_o natural_a and_o not_o contrary_a but_o warrantable_a by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n whatsoever_o law_n usage_n or_o custom_n be_v not_o thus_o qualify_v be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n nor_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v or_o obey_v by_o the_o people_n as_o be_v contrary_a to_o their_o birthright_n and_o the_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o this_o great_a charter_n they_o ought_v to_o enjoy_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v that_o according_a to_o this_o charter_n the_o statute_n and_o law_n aforementioned_a no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o disseize_v of_o his_o freehold_n liberty_n or_o free-custom_n or_o outlawed_a or_o banish_v or_o my_o manner_n of_o way_n destroy_v nor_o condemn_v but_o by_o lawful_a trial_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o equal_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n that_o be_v by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n by_o presentment_n or_o indictment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n where_o such_o deed_n he_o do_v in_o due_a manner_n or_o by_o writ_n original_a at_o the_o common-law_n according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n here_o we_o will_v answer_v a_o objection_n that_o we_o hear_v be_v make_v which_o be_v that_o this_o be_v a_o old_a law_n and_o many_o law_n have_v be_v make_v against_o it_o since_o it_o be_v grant_v which_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o this_o charter_n to_o this_o we_o answer_v that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 28._o e._n 1._o call_v articuli_fw-la super_fw-la cartas_fw-la &_o 25._o e._n 1._o vet_z magna_fw-la charta_fw-la fol._n 137._o and_o 37._o call_v confirmatio_fw-la chartarum_fw-la it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o any_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o any_o point_n of_o this_o great_a charter_n or_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n by_o any_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n or_o other_o his_o minister_n it_o shall_v be_v undo_v and_o hold_v for_o nought_o and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 42._o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o all_o statute_n make_v against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v repeal_v true_a it_o be_v we_o find_v that_o 11._o h._n 7._o c._n 3._o by_o the_o practice_n of_o empson_n and_o dudley_n there_o be_v a_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o face_n of_o this_o great_a charter_n whereby_o many_o exaction_n and_o oppression_n be_v put_v in_o practice_n upon_o the_o free_a subject_n of_o england_n to_o their_o great_a trouble_n and_o vexation_n but_o committee-man_n oh_o for_o the_o like_a justice_n now_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o what_o will_v become_v of_o all_o our_o ship-money_n judge_n monopolise_v pattentee_n merchant_n and_o arbitrary_a committee-man_n we_o find_v withal_o that_o they_o be_v hang_v that_o put_v it_o in_o execution_n and_o in_o the_o 1._o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o that_o illegal_a statute_n of_o 11._o h._n 7._o be_v repeal_v and_o make_v void_a and_o the_o cause_n specify_v to_o be_v because_o it_o be_v against_o this_o great_a charter_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o to_o put_v all_o out_o of_o doubt_n these_o clause_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n which_o we_o have_v discourse_v upon_o hitherto_o be_v all_o
he_o in_o safe_a custody_n according_o and_o that_o he_o do_v take_v care_n that_o the_o say_v lilburn_n do_v neither_o contrive_v publish_v or_o spread_v any_o seditious_a or_o libellous_a pamphlet_n against_o both_o or_o either_o of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n to_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n his_o deputy_n or_o deputy_n and_o because_o this_o sentence_n be_v conceive_v not_o to_o be_v severe_a enough_o by_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o tower_n he_o do_v procure_v a_o order_n date_a die_v mercurii_n 15._o julii_n 1646._o which_o follow_v in_o these_o word_n die_v mercurii_n 15._o julii_fw-la 1646._o order_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n assemble_v that_o none_o shall_v speak_v with_o john_n lilburn_n now_o a_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n and_o hear_n of_o his_o keeper_n and_o that_o when_o he_o shall_v desire_v to_o take_v the_o air_n within_o the_o tower_n his_o keeper_n shall_v constant_o go_v with_o he_o forth_o and_o back_o and_o stay_v with_o he_o till_o he_o return_v to_o his_o lodging_n and_o that_o if_o his_o wife_n desire_n to_o come_v to_o he_o she_o shall_v reside_v with_o he_o and_o not_o go_v in_o and_o out_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n in_o the_o say_v tower_n and_o last_o it_o be_v order_v that_o this_o restraint_n of_o speak_v with_o the_o say_v lilburn_n shall_v be_v take_v off_o when_o he_o shall_v give_v good_a bail_n to_o this_o house_n not_o to_o contrive_v write_v or_o publish_v any_o scandalous_a or_o libellous_a pamphlet_n or_o paper_n against_o both_o or_o either_o of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n die_v mercurii_n 16._o septem_fw-la 1646._o it_o be_v this_o day_n order_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n assemble_v that_o the_o lieutenaut_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n his_o deputy_n and_o all_o other_o employ_v he_o shall_v permit_v and_o suffer_v the_o wife_n of_o lieutenant-colonell_n john_n lilburn_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o reside_v with_o he_o when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o he_o shall_v desire_v any_o former_a order_n of_o this_o house_n notwithstanding_o john_n brown_n cler._n parliamentorum_fw-la we_o will_v not_o say_v their_o lordship_n be_v unjust_a in_o this_o sentence_n yet_o we_o hope_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v account_v scandal_n to_o they_o if_o we_o say_v and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o have_v err_v therein_o both_o in_o manner_n of_o proceed_v and_o in_o substance_n of_o matter_n or_o point_n of_o jurisdiction_n both_o of_o the_o person_n and_o cause_n for_o we_o do_v presume_v that_o their_o lordship_n will_v not_o presume_v a_o infallibility_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v a_o quality_n incompatible_a to_o or_o with_o any_o sublunary_a creature_n and_o we_o find_v by_o our_o book_n of_o 21._o e._n 3._o f_o 46._o that_o a_o parliament_n may_v and_o have_v err_v and_o first_o we_o shall_v declare_v their_o lordship_n error_n in_o their_o manner_n of_o proceed_v against_o this_o worthy_a patriot_n wherein_o we_o shall_v observe_v that_o the_o 10._o of_o june_n he_o be_v summon_v to_o attend_v their_o lordship_n in_o their_o house_n the_o 11._o of_o june_n he_o appear_v and_o be_v then_o commit_v by_o their_o lordship_n to_o newgate_n the_o 16._o of_o the_o same_o month_n he_o appeal_v to_o the_o right_n honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o the_o 22._o their_o lordship_n send_v to_o the_o keeper_n of_o newgate_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o their_o bar_n and_o thereupon_o the_o 43_o day_n he_o be_v commit_v close_a prisoner_n to_o newgate_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o keeper_n of_o newgate_n where_o he_o remain_v close_a prisoner_n till_o the_o 16_o of_o july_n at_o which_o time_n his_o charge_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o not_o before_o wherein_o we_o be_v first_o to_o note_n that_o he_o be_v summon_v and_o commit_v a_o month_n before_o his_o charge_n bring_v in_o and_o after_o his_o appeal_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n make_v close_a prisoner_n 18._o day_n before_o any_o charge_n record_v against_o he_o all_o which_o proceed_n be_v erroneous_a and_o principal_o in_o these_o two_o point_n first_o because_o he_o be_v summon_v before_o his_o charge_n be_v record_v for_o regular_o both_o in_o law_n and_o equity_n the_o declaration_n or_o bill_n ought_v to_o be_v file_v or_o record_v before_o any_o writ_n or_o process_n ought_v to_o issue_v against_o the_o defendant_n or_o party_n accuse_v either_o in_o civil_a or_o criminal_a cause_n and_o the_o writor_n process_n ought_v to_o contain_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o declaration_n or_o bill_n as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_o these_o word_n quid_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la import_v a_o count_n or_o declaration_n record_v so_o a_o writ_n of_o warrantia_fw-la diei_fw-la contain_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o count_n in_o a_o monstraverunt_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n title_n be_v set_v forth_o by_o the_o writ_n nay_o in_o every_o writ_n at_o common-law_n the_o writ_n do_v by_o these_o word_n ut_fw-la dicitur_fw-la or_o by_o some_o other_o emphatical_a word_n contain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o writ_n import_n that_o a_o declaration_n or_o count_n be_v file_v register_v or_o record_v before_o the_o writ_n do_v issue_n and_o this_o appear_v clear_o in_o every_o writ_n set_v forth_o by_o the_o register_n and_o fitzherberts_n natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la nay_o every_o english_a bill_n either_o in_o chancery_n exchequer_n or_o star-chamber_n do_v pray_v that_o process_n of_o subpoena_n be_v award_v against_o the_o defendant_n which_o prove_v that_o process_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v award_v against_o any_o man_n out_o of_o any_o court_n till_o his_o charge_n be_v record_v against_o he_o in_o the_o same_o court_n if_o this_o be_v so_o in_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o star-chamber_n in_o criminal_a cause_n we_o hope_v their_o lordship_n will_v not_o condemn_v it_o as_o a_o injustice_n in_o themselves_o to_o follow_v the_o same_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n law_n and_o equity_n second_o their_o lordship_n proceed_n against_o he_o after_o his_o appeal_n make_v to_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o be_v void_a in_o law_n for_o by_o the_o appeal_n to_o the_o proper_a jurisdiction_n the_o lord_n be_v out_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n or_o connusans_a of_o the_o plea_n sublata_fw-la causa_fw-la tollitur_fw-la effectus_fw-la the_o cause_n be_v remove_v by_o the_o appeal_v their_o judgement_n thereby_o be_v determine_v or_o at_o least_o suspend_v be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o cause_n before_o they_o till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o appeal_n be_v determine_v the_o appeal_n be_v a_o superseda_n to_o their_o lordship_n further_o legal_a proceed_n in_o the_o same_o cause_n and_o wherein_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v proceed_v without_o the_o privity_n licence_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o therefore_o all_o their_o proceed_n since_o mr._n lilburn_n ap._n peal_n present_v to_o and_o accept_v by_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la and_o therefore_o void_a and_o erroneous_a we_o shall_v not_o deny_v the_o lord_n house_n to_o be_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o that_o of_o record_n too_o and_o of_o the_o high_a degree_n in_o the_o kingdom_n cooperate_a with_o the_o honourablt_n house_n of_o commons_o but_o when_o they_o be_v distinct_a and_o apart_o in_o their_o several_a operation_n and_o judgement_n we_o do_v conceive_v that_o they_o neither_o have_v a_o legislative_a nor_o unlimited_a power_n of_o judicature_n in_o themselves_o neither_o can_v they_o proceed_v to_o determine_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o know_a law_n by_o any_o arbitrary_a or_o discretionary_a rule_n where_o there_o be_v a_o know_a law_n in_o the_o case_n sir_n edw_n cook_n do_v well_o set_v forth_o the_o distinct_a power_n of_o judicature_n of_o both_o house_n in_o his_o 4._o part_n of_o institutes_n p._n 23._o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v say_v he_o that_o the_o lord_n in_o their_o house_n have_v power_n of_o judicature_n and_o both_o house_n together_o have_v power_n of_o judicature_n which_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v power_n of_o judicature_n over_o their_o member_n alone_o viz._n their_o peer_n the_o nobility_n of_o england_n that_o sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n the_o commons_o have_v power_n of_o judicature_n over_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n by_o themselves_o alone_o and_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o join_v have_v power_n of_o judicature_n over_o both_o peer_n lord_n and_z commons_z that_o this_o be_v true_a be_v manifest_a by_o the_o lord_n dacres_n case_n p._n 26_o h._n 8._o report_v by_o justice_n spilman_n where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o nobleman_n of_o parliament_n can_v wave_v his_o trial_n by_o his_o peer_n and_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o country_n for_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 29_o every_o
man_n be_v to_o be_v try_v per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n which_o statute_n give_v the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n a_o jurisdiction_n over_o their_o peer_n which_o can_v be_v take_v from_o they_o and_o as_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o jurisdiction_n over_o their_o peer_n so_o have_v the_o commons_o over_o their_o peer_n viz._n all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n for_o as_o sir_n edw_n cook_n 2._o part_n of_o his_o institutes_n pag._n 29._o in_o his_o comment_n upon_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 14._o observe_n that_o the_o general_a division_n of_o person_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v either_o into_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o peerage_n or_o lord_n house_n or_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n for_o as_o every_o of_o the_o noble_n be_v a_o peer_n to_o each_o other_o though_o they_o have_v several_a name_n of_o dignity_n as_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n and_o baron_n so_o of_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n each_o commoner_n be_v a_o peer_n or_o equal_a to_o another_o though_o they_o be_v of_o several_a degree_n as_o knight_n esquite_v citizen_n gentleman_n yeoman_n and_o rurgess_n and_o this_o distinction_n we_o find_v likewise_o in_o bracton_n c._n 2._o sol_fw-la 36._o and_o both_o these_o jurisdiction_n do_v belong_v to_o both_o house_n naturali_fw-la equitate_fw-la by_o a_o natural_a right_n or_o equity_n as_o hereafter_o more_o plain_o will_v be_v demonstrate_v and_o according_a to_o this_o jurisdiction_n have_v the_o commons_o themselves_o give_v judgement_n upon_o a_o commoner_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o thomas_n long_o cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la p._n 23._o and_o record_v in_o the_o journal_n book_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o 8._o eliz._n onslow_n speaker_n f._n 19_o and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o arthur_n hall_n 23_o eliz._n f._n 14._o popham_n attorney_n general_n speaker_n and_o divers_a other_o now_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v a_o joint_a jurisdiction_n or_o power_n of_o judicature_n over_o both_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o judgement_n give_v against_o the_o lord_n audley_n at_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o york_n anno_fw-la 12._o 22_o consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la per_fw-la praelatos_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o communitatem_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o in_o 15._o e._n 2._o the_o judgement_n give_v against_o the_o spencer_n both_o earl_n hugh_n the_o father_n and_z hugh_z the_o son_n who_o be_v adjudge_v to_o exile_n by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o and_o sir_n john_n alees_n adjudge_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o as_o appear_v 42._o e._n 3._o nu._n 20._o rot_v parl._n and_o of_o late_a time_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n giles_n mompesson_n the_o lord_n viscount_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o middlesex_n in_o 18._o &_o 21._o jacob_n regis_fw-la in_o all_o which_o judgement_n the_o king_n consent_n be_v concurrent_a which_o give_v those_o judgement_n life_n and_o efficacy_n have_v thus_o distinguish_v the_o several_a and_o joint_a jurisdiction_n of_o both_o house_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o show_v whence_o these_o have_v spring_v and_o how_o they_o be_v grow_v it_o appear_v by_o the_o old_a treatise_n de_fw-fr modo_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la which_o be_v make_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o present_v to_o the_o conqueror_n who_o hold_v a_o parliament_n in_o that_o form_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o 21._o e._n 3._o f._n 60._o that_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n sit_v together_o and_o be_v but_o in_o effect_n one_o house_n and_o so_o continue_v long_o after_o the_o conquest_n till_o 5._o and_o 6._o e._n 3._o as_o appear_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o 5._o e._n 3._o nu._n 3._o and_o 6._o e._n 3._o and_o by_o the_o 4._o part_n of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n instit_fw-la p._n 2._o and_o as_o may_v be_v gather_v by_o the_o preamble_n to_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n make_v 52._o h._n 3._o westm_n the_o first_o 3._o e._n 1._o westm_n 2._o 13_o e._n 1_o the_o statute_n of_o york_n make_v 12._o e._n 2._o and_o other_o which_o mention_n that_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v call_v together_o whereby_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o they_o sit_v as_o one_o house_n to_o consult_v of_o the_o weighty_a affair_n of_o this_o kingdom_n from_o whence_o we_o collect_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v while_o they_o sit_v as_o one_o house_n no_o particular_a jurisdiction_n nor_o the_o commons_o any_o to_o themselves_o alone_o but_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v joint_a be_v mix_v of_o both_o their_o power_n and_o communicative_a to_o all_o alike_o of_o both_o kingdom_n and_o this_o appear_v clear_o by_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n audley_n 12._o e._n 2._o and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o spencer_n 15._o e._n 2._o afore_o cite_v and_o by_o the_o case_n of_o nicholas_n segrave_n adjudge_v in_o parliament_n as_o appear_v placit_fw-la parliament_n 33._o e._n 1._o rot._n 33._o per_fw-la praelatos_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o alios_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la by_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o of_o the_o council_n that_o be_v the_o parliament_n and_o more_o plain_o by_o that_o speak_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 2_o part_n of_o his_o instit_fw-la p._n 50._o and_o though_o of_o ancient_a time_n say_v he_o the_o lord_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n use_v in_o parliament_n to_o give_v judgement_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o felony_n against_o those_o that_o be_v no_o lord_n of_o parliament_n yet_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o albeit_o the_o lord_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o judge_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o give_v judgement_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o felony_n of_o such_o as_o be_v not_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o hereafter_o no_o peer_n shall_v be_v drive_v to_o give_v judgement_n on_o any_o other_o then_o on_o their_o peer_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o he_o cite_v rot._n parl._n 4._o e._n 3._o nu._n 6._o to_o maintain_v this_o assertion_n of_o he_o but_o to_o conclude_v more_o strong_o we_o find_v it_o record_v in_o 4._o e._n 3._o rot._n 2._o and_o enrol_v in_o chancery_n in_o the_o cause_n of_o sir_n simon_n de_fw-fr berisford_n who_o be_v adjudge_v as_o a_o accessary_a to_o roger_n mortimer_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o king_n ed_n 2._o in_o these_o very_a word_n viz._n and_o it_o be_v assent_v and_o agree_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o grandee_n in_o full_a parliament_n that_o albeit_o the_o say_a peer_n as_o judge_n of_o parliament_n take_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n to_o make_v and_o give_v the_o say_a judgement_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n upon_o some_o of_o they_o which_o be_v not_o their_o peer_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o their_o liege_n lord_n and_o the_o destruction_n of_o he_o which_o be_v so_o near_o of_o the_o blood-royal_a and_o son_n of_o a_o king_n that_o therefore_o the_o say_a peer_n which_o now_o be_v or_o the_o peer_n which_o shall_v be_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v be_v not_o bind_v or_o charge_v to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o other_o then_o upon_o their_o peer_n nor_o shall_v do_v it_o but_o let_v the_o peer_n of_o the_o land_n have_v power_n but_o of_o that_o forever_o they_o be_v discharge_v and_o acquit_v and_o that_o the_o aforesaid_a judgement_n now_o give_v be_v not_o draw_v into_o example_n or_o consequence_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v by_o which_o the_o say_a peer_n may_v be_v charge_v hereafter_o to_o judge_v other_o than_o their_o peer_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n if_o any_o such_o case_n happen_v which_o god_n defend_v all_o which_o aforementioned_a precedent_n and_o judgement_n be_v make_v and_o give_v before_o the_o separation_n of_o the_o two_o house_n &_o while_o they_o sit_v together_o out_o of_o which_o we_o collect_v and_o gather_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v no_o particular_a jurisdiction_n to_o themselves_o or_o of_o themselves_o before_o the_o division_n &_o separation_n of_o the_o pouse_n and_o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n for_o the_o peer_n before_o this_o separation_n to_o judge_v a_o commoner_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o nay_o that_o their_o hand_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o assent_n never_o to_o judge_v any_o in_o future_a which_o sir_n ed_n cork_n say_v be_v enact_v so_o that_o join_v the_o one_o consideration_n with_o the_o other_o it_o be_v most_o clear_a that_o the_o peer_n at_o this_o day_n can_v judge_v a_o commoner_n no_o not_o if_o the_o king_n join_v with_o they_o especial_o in_o case_n of_o life_n or_o freehold_n for_o in_o the_o book_n of_o 4_o h._n 7._o