to_o show_v that_o it_o ought_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v neglect_v and_o therefore_o though_o i_o know_v no_o positive_a law_n that_o do_v determine_v the_o king_n be_v absolute_a and_o free_a will_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n yet_o i_o humble_o conceive_v that_o so_o ancient_a and_o settle_v a_o custom_n ought_v to_o be_v hold_v to_o and_o our_o prince_n according_o still_a order_n the_o one_o to_o be_v summon_v as_o often_o as_o the_o other_o be_v call_v but_o now_o second_o if_o by_o sit_v be_v mean_v as_o in_o the_o present_a question_n i_o suppose_v it_o be_v their_o meeting_n to_o do_v business_n and_o be_v allow_v to_o come_v together_o for_o that_o purpose_n then_o i_o reply_v that_o for_o such_o their_o sit_v i_o know_v no_o law_n beside_o the_o absolute_a and_o free_a power_n of_o the_o prince_n custom_n we_o be_v sure_o be_v as_o much_o against_o this_o as_o it_o have_v be_v for_o the_o other_o and_o any_o statute_n or_o positive_a law_n for_o it_o have_v not_o that_o i_o know_v of_o be_v pretend_v to_o indeed_o whilst_o the_o clergy_n be_v wont_a to_o assess_v themselves_o and_o their_o sit_v upon_o that_o account_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o support_n of_o the_o government_n they_o be_v not_o only_o summon_v to_o meet_v but_o be_v wont_n actual_o to_o assemble_v and_o sit_v so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o they_o to_o do_v for_o this_o purpose_n but_o that_o be_v do_v they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n forthwith_o adjourn_v and_o meet_v no_o more_o till_o the_o king_n have_v some_o new_a occasion_n for_o their_o assistance_n and_o that_o i_o may_v not_o be_v think_v to_o speak_v this_o at_o all_o adventure_n i_o will_v offer_v a_o instance_n or_o two_o of_o it_o the_o convocation_n which_o meet_v the_o first_o of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o be_v by_o prorogation_n continue_v from_o time_n to_o time_n for_o seven_o year_n together_o yet_o except_o it_o be_v in_o his_o first_o year_n we_o do_v not_o hear_v of_o any_o great_a business_n that_o be_v do_v by_o they_o more_o than_o that_o of_o grant_v subsidy_n which_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o be_v time_n there_o be_v but_o few_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o we_o be_v not_o to_o look_v for_o convocation_n in_o that_o when_o his_o son_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o return_v the_o famous_a convocation_n of_o 1660_o meet_v to_o remedy_v those_o disorder_n which_o the_o civil_a war_n have_v occasion_v in_o order_n whereunto_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o they_o at_o the_o first_o to_o sit_v and_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n but_o that_o be_v do_v they_o be_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v prorogue_v eighteen_o several_a time_n successive_o and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o journal_n of_o it_o which_o i_o have_v see_v that_o any_o thing_n material_a be_v afterward_o do_v by_o it_o and_o as_o their_o sit_v so_o three_o i_o affirm_v that_o their_o act_n too_o do_v depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n they_o can_v enter_v upon_o any_o business_n without_o his_o special_a commission_n for_o it_o and_o whether_o he_o will_v grant_v they_o such_o a_o commission_n or_o no_o depend_v entire_o upon_o his_o own_o will._n but_o when_o i_o say_v that_o the_o sit_v and_o act_v of_o the_o convocation_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o absolute_a and_o free_a will_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o which_o term_n i_o make_v use_n 1._o of_o only_o because_o they_o be_v prescribe_v to_o i_o by_o one_o who_o at_o present_a i_o be_o oblige_v to_o follow_v i_o must_v observe_v that_o by_o his_o absolute_a and_o free_a will_n i_o understand_v a_o will_v not_o determine_v by_o any_o humane_a law_n to_o act_v otherwise_o than_o according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o a_o man_n be_v own_o reason_n and_o upon_o the_o last_o result_n of_o his_o own_o judgement_n he_o will_v do_v for_o otherwise_o there_o be_v law_n which_o in_o this_o as_o in_o all_o other_o case_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n determine_v the_o most_o absolute_a sovereign_n in_o the_o world_n and_o we_o do_v not_o deny_v our_o king_n as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o prince_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o they_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n be_v a_o law_n by_o which_o every_o wise_a man_n do_v and_o every_o man_n as_o such_o be_v oblige_v to_o act_v the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o common_a principle_n of_o right_n and_o 〈◊〉_d be_v another_o law_n by_o which_o all_o christian_n of_o what_o bank_n or_o authority_n 〈◊〉_d both_o out_o of_o duty_n to_o god_n and_o with_o regard_n to_o their_o own_o conscience_n be_v require_v to_o attend_v and_o last_o the_o public_a good_a and_o welfare_n of_o the_o community_n be_v another_o law_n to_o which_o all_o prince_n even_o those_o who_o in_o other_o respect_n be_v the_o most_o absolute_a be_v oblige_v to_o look_v and_o with_o the_o observance_n of_o which_o they_o can_v dispense_v though_o no_o human_a constraint_n lie_v upon_o they_o to_o force_v they_o thereunto_o or_o to_o punish_v they_o if_o they_o do_v not_o by_o all_o these_o law_n prince_n be_v oblige_v and_o the_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n regulate_v by_o these_o law_n but_o not_o under_o the_o direction_n of_o any_o more_o particular_a obligation_n be_v that_o will_n on_o which_o i_o affirm_v the_o sit_v and_o act_v of_o the_o convocation_n to_o depend_v the_o government_n have_v entrust_v he_o with_o the_o power_n of_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o sit_v and_o act_v when_o he_o please_v and_o when_o he_o please_v he_o may_v deny_v they_o to_o do_v either_o but_o still_o it_o be_v suppose_v when_o that_o trust_n be_v commit_v to_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v use_v it_o with_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n and_o as_o he_o shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v persuade_v will_v be_v most_o for_o the_o public_a good_a both_o of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n and_o therefore_o four_a notwithstanding_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v hitherto_o be_v say_v i_o shall_v not_o doubt_v to_o affirm_v that_o whenever_o the_o king_n be_v in_o his_o own_o conscience_n convince_v that_o for_o the_o convocation_n to_o sit_v and_o act_n will_v be_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n the_o benefit_n of_o the_o church_n or_o otherwise_o for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o welfare_n of_o his_o realm_n he_o be_v oblige_v both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n as_o a_o man_n by_o his_o duty_n to_o god_n as_o a_o christian_a and_o by_o his_o duty_n to_o his_o people_n as_o a_o ruler_n set_v over_o they_o for_o their_o good_a to_o permit_v or_o rather_o to_o command_v his_o clergy_n to_o meet_v in_o convocation_n and_o transact_v what_o be_v sit_v for_o any_o or_o all_o these_o end_n to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o as_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n whensoever_o he_o be_v clear_o and_o evident_o convince_v that_o for_o they_o thus_o to_o come_v together_o will_v be_v needless_a or_o hurtful_a to_o these_o end_n it_o be_v then_o his_o duty_n to_o restrain_v they_o from_o sit_v and_o that_o though_o he_o shall_v be_v never_o so_o importunate_o desire_v by_o some_o that_o they_o may_v sit_v or_o rail_v at_o by_o other_o for_o not_o allow_v they_o so_o to_o do_v these_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o plain_a consequence_n of_o the_o forego_n discourse_n and_o by_o they_o i_o suppose_v a_o clear_a and_o full_a resolution_n be_v give_v to_o the_o first_o general_a question_n viz._n whether_o there_o be_v any_o law_n that_o command_v or_o permit_v the_o sit_v and_o act_v of_o the_o convocation_n beside_o the_o absolute_a and_o free_a pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o if_o there_o be_v what_o that_o law_n be_v and_o how_o far_o the_o prince_n be_v oblige_v by_o it_o i_o may_v now_o proceed_v upon_o this_o foundation_n without_o any_o more_o ado_n to_o examine_v what_o have_v be_v offer_v by_o our_o late_a author_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o so_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o my_o discourse_n but_o because_o it_o may_v be_v a_o matter_n of_o some_o satisfaction_n as_o well_o as_o use_v to_o those_o who_o inquiry_n have_v not_o lie_v this_o way_n to_o know_v what_o have_v be_v the_o state_n of_o our_o convocation_n ever_o since_o we_o have_v any_o account_n that_o we_o can_v rely_v upon_o concern_v they_o i_o will_v therefore_o take_v leave_n to_o digress_v so_o far_o from_o my_o present_a business_n as_o may_v suffice_v to_o show_v this_o in_o a_o short_a history_n of_o our_o convocation_n from_o the_o first_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n to_o christianity_n down_o to_o our_o present_a time_n chap._n iu._n in_o which_o the_o state_n of_o the_o convocation_n be_v historical_o deduce_v from_o the_o first_o conversion_n of_o the_o saxon_n to_o our_o own_o day_n so_o great_a be_v the_o uncertainty_n to_o
that_o if_o a_o canon-law_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o obey_v the_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n now_o these_o two_o thing_n be_v suppose_v 21._o and_o in_o which_o the_o law_n at_o the_o present_a can_v be_v doubt_v to_o be_v very_o clear_a that_o no_o act_n of_o convocation_n can_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n or_o be_v promulge_v in_o order_n to_o a_o public_a observance_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o that_o the_o king_n licence_n can_v give_v the_o convocation_n any_o authority_n to_o promulge_v or_o execute_v any_o canon_n but_o what_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v one_a that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o a_o right_n to_o review_n the_o act_n of_o every_o such_o convocation_n but_o aught_o moreover_o to_o submit_v they_o to_o the_o examination_n of_o his_o learned_a council_n in_o the_o law_n that_o so_o he_o may_v the_o more_o secure_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v whether_o they_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o law_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o by_o consequence_n capable_a of_o receive_v any_o enforcement_n from_o he_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o will_v be_v not_o only_o too_o rash_a and_o unseemly_a but_o even_o a_o vain_a thing_n for_o the_o king_n to_o expose_v his_o prerogative_n by_o undertake_v to_o give_v authority_n to_o that_o which_o by_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n already_o establish_v have_v such_o a_o natural_a defect_n in_o its_o original_a constitution_n as_o will_v not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o two_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o their_o convocation_n yet_o still_o the_o king_n be_v to_o remain_v the_o last_o judge_n not_o only_o of_o the_o lawfulness_n but_o of_o the_o expediency_n too_o of_o their_o constitution_n and_o have_v authority_n either_o to_o ratify_v or_o reject_v they_o as_o he_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n shall_v think_v they_o either_o useful_a or_o otherwise_o to_o the_o church_n when_o his_o majesty_n give_v liberty_n to_o our_o last_o convocation_n to_o consider_v of_o the_o several_a point_n which_o in_o his_o commission_n he_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o permit_v they_o to_o draw_v into_o form_n rule_n order_n ordinance_n constitution_n and_o canon_n such_o matter_n as_o to_o they_o shall_v seem_v necessary_a and_o expedient_a for_o the_o purpose_n which_o he_o have_v before_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o the_o same_o be_v set_v down_o in_o write_v from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o exhibit_v and_o deliver_v or_o to_o cause_n to_o be_v exhibit_v and_o deliver_v to_o he_o he_o thus_o go_v on_o to_o declare_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v after_o such_o their_o resolution_n shall_v be_v deliver_v in_o by_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v may_v thereupon_o have_v the_o advice_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o that_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v think_v requisite_a and_o convenient_a by_o our_o say_a parliament_n may_v be_v present_v to_o we_o in_o due_a form_n for_o our_o royal_a assent_n if_o upon_o mature_a consideration_n thereof_o we_o shall_v think_v sit_v to_o enact_v the_o same_o and_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v his_o majesty_n intention_n have_v that_o convocation_n proceed_v to_o any_o resolution_n to_o have_v submit_v the_o examination_n of_o their_o act_n not_o only_o to_o his_o parliament_n but_o that_o be_v do_v to_o have_v reserve_v the_o final_a judgement_n of_o they_o to_o his_o own_o consideration_n and_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o best_a advice_n of_o his_o learned_a council_n in_o the_o law_n that_o he_o so_o intend_v but_o more_o full_a and_o express_a to_o this_o purpose_n 22._o be_v the_o commission_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o to_o the_o convocation_n of_o 1640_o before_o mention_v wherein_o have_v grant_v the_o same_o liberty_n we_o here_o meet_v with_o to_o his_o clergy_n to_o set_v down_o in_o write_v and_o to_o exhibit_v or_o cause_v to_o be_v exhibit_v to_o he_o all_n and_o every_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n to_o be_v by_o they_o from_o time_n to_o time_n confer_v treat_v debate_v consider_v consult_v and_o agree_v upon_o he_o add_v to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o upon_o mature_a consideration_n by_o we_o to_o be_v take_v thereupon_o may_v allow_v approve_v confirm_v and_o ratify_v or_o otherwise_o disallow_a annihilate_v and_o make_v void_a such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n or_o any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o be_v by_o force_n of_o these_o present_v consider_v consult_v and_o agree_v upon_o as_o we_o shall_v think_v fit_a requisite_a and_o convenient_a but_o this_o be_v not_o yet_o all_o in_o the_o close_a of_o his_o commission_n he_o again_o reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o same_o power_n in_o these_o remarkable_a word_n provide_v always_o and_o our_o express_a will_n pleasure_n and_o commandment_n be_v that_o the_o say_a canon_n order_n ordinance_n and_o constitution_n matter_n cause_n and_o thing_n or_o any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o be_v by_o force_n of_o these_o present_n consider_v consult_v or_o agree_v upon_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o any_o force_n effect_v or_o validity_n in_o the_o law_n but_o only_o such_o and_o so_o many_o of_o they_o and_o after_o such_o time_n as_o we_o by_o our_o letter_n patent_n under_o our_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n shall_v allow_v approve_v and_o confirm_v the_o same_o these_o be_v the_o limitation_n under_o which_o that_o convocation_n act_v and_o from_o which_o these_o three_z conclusion_n will_v unavoidable_o follow_v one_a that_o the_o king_n by_o grant_v the_o convocation_n license_v to_o consider_v and_o draw_v up_o any_o canon_n order_n or_o constitution_n or_o to_o determine_v any_o matter_n or_o cause_n do_v not_o give_v they_o any_o final_a decisive_a power_n of_o conclude_v those_o affair_n but_o empower_n they_o only_o to_o deliver_v their_o judgement_n to_o he_o which_o he_o may_v either_o approve_v or_o reject_v as_o he_o shall_v afterward_o see_v cause_n to_o do_v 2_o that_o in_o determine_v concern_v their_o resolution_n he_o be_v not_o oblige_v either_o to_o approve_v and_o confirm_v or_o else_o to_o reject_v and_o annihilate_v all_o that_o they_o have_v do_v but_o may_v judge_v distinct_o of_o every_o particular_a point_n or_o matter_n debate_v by_o they_o and_o several_o pass_v his_o judgement_n upon_o they_o may_v give_v force_n and_o authority_n to_o some_o thing_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n make_v void_a and_o disallow_v of_o other_o and_o this_o three_o not_o only_o upon_o his_o own_o private_a judgement_n or_o upon_o the_o advice_n of_o any_o select_a person_n of_o his_o clergy_n though_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a but_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n who_o by_o his_o command_n be_v also_o empower_v to_o judge_v of_o what_o the_o convocation_n have_v do_v and_o who_o opinion_n if_o he_o approve_v of_o it_o he_o may_v prefer_v to_o that_o of_o his_o clergy_n but_o we_o will_v go_v on_o with_o the_o history_n of_o this_o convocation_n and_o see_v how_o these_o several_a conclusion_n may_v be_v yet_o far_o clear_v and_o confirm_v by_o it_o when_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o commission_n the_o convocation_n have_v draw_v up_o such_o canon_n and_o agree_v upon_o such_o order_n as_o to_o they_o seem_v most_o proper_a to_o answer_v the_o end_v propose_v by_o the_o king_n to_o they_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o majesty_n in_o his_o declaration_n of_o june_n 30_o follow_v that_o according_a to_o his_o direction_n they_o have_v offer_v and_o present_v the_o same_o to_o he_o desire_v he_o to_o give_v 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the_o bare_a confirmation_n of_o what_o the_o synod_n have_v determine_v i_o will_v proceed_v more_o particular_o to_o show_v what_o his_o authority_n in_o this_o respect_n be_v and_o how_o the_o final_a determination_n of_o such_o assembly_n fall_v at_o last_o under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n judgement_n and_o one_a as_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a to_o 23._o suppose_v that_o he_o shall_v so_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o oblige_v at_o all_o adventure_n to_o confirm_v whatsoever_o the_o clergy_n shall_v think_v â—it_a to_o determine_v this_o be_v not_o only_o to_o give_v a_o immoderate_a power_n to_o the_o one_o but_o unreasonable_o to_o confine_v and_o limit_v the_o other_o it_o be_v in_o truth_n to_o hoodwink_a the_o prince_n and_o not_o allow_v he_o the_o common_a privilege_n of_o a_o rational_a creature_n to_o know_v and_o examine_v his_o action_n and_o proceed_v with_o reason_n and_o discretion_n in_o them_o and_o it_o be_v as_o well_o plain_o to_o 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synod_n have_v agree_v to_o it_o be_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o capitular_o of_o the_o french_a king_n be_v compose_v they_o take_v the_o substance_n of_o what_o their_o synod_n have_v agree_v baluz_fw-fr to_o and_o have_v examine_v and_o form_v it_o according_a to_o their_o own_o like_n they_o publish_v it_o for_o a_o law_n to_o their_o subject_n insomuch_o that_o sometime_o they_o have_v even_o refer_v to_o the_o canon_n of_o their_o synod_n for_o the_o more_o clear_a understanding_n of_o what_o the_o law_n have_v only_o brief_o and_o in_o general_a deliver_v such_o in_o particular_a be_v the_o use_n which_o both_o carloman_n and_o charles_n the_o emperor_n make_v of_o his_o synod_n they_o call_v they_o as_o their_o council_n to_o advise_v they_o in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n and_o their_o synod_n look_v 743._o upon_o themselves_o no_o otherwise_o they_o submit_v their_o decree_n to_o their_o examination_n and_o pretend_v not_o to_o expect_v 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