the_o great_a of_o all_o the_o roman_n if_o not_o one_o of_o those_o who_o he_o celebrate_v as_o such_o do_v ever_o kill_v themselves_o the_o example_n of_o other_o who_o do_v so_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o authority_n the_o same_o observation_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o choice_n which_o manilius_n 1._o manilius_n astron._n lib._n 1._o also_o make_v of_o several_a great_a roman_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n only_o i_o think_v he_o speak_v of_o the_o latter_a cato_n to_o these_o i_o may_v add_v martial_a if_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n who_o declare_v against_o this_o act_n more_o than_o once_o nor_o be_v this_o only_o condemn_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o their_o great_a man_n sore_a who_o can_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o cicero_n and_o virgil_n but_o be_v express_o prohibit_v by_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n tarquin_n punish_v those_o who_o murder_v themselves_o by_o expose_v their_o body_n naked_a as_o they_o do_v the_o most_o infamous_a criminal_n the_o same_o servius_n abovementioned_a tell_v we_o upon_o amata_n 12._o amata_n aen._n lib._n 12._o hang_v herself_o that_o they_o who_o do_v so_o be_v forbid_v burial_n by_o the_o pontifical_a book_n this_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o a_o ancient_a inscription_n which_o be_v of_o a_o very_a particular_a kind_n i_o shall_v insert_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o donatio_fw-la sepultur_n ae_z exauthor_n at_o be_v militibus_fw-la alijsque_fw-la quorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la infamis_fw-la sassinae_fw-la baebius_n gemellus_n sassinas_n municipibus_fw-la singuleis_fw-la incoâ—…eisque_fw-la loca_fw-la sepulturae_fw-la d._n s._n p._n that_o extra_n authorateis_fw-la et_fw-la quei_z sibeâ—…â—…aqueo_fw-la manus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d et_fw-la quei_z quaestum_fw-la spurcum_fw-la proof_n ssi_fw-la essent_fw-la singuleis_fw-la in_o front_n p._n 〈◊〉_d in_o ag._n 〈◊〉_d x._o inter_fw-la pontem_n sapis_n et_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d superiorem_fw-la quei_z est_fw-la in_o fine_a fundi_n fagoniani_n 264._o fagoniani_n see_v the_o rest_n in_o spons_fw-la miscell_n erudit_fw-la antiquitatis_fw-la sect._n 7._o p._n 264._o by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o one_o baebius_n gemellus_n give_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n as_o a_o burying-place_n for_o those_o to_o who_o the_o law_n deny_v burial_n and_o who_o memory_n be_v count_v infamous_a viz._n bawd_n or_o whore_n and_o soldier_n that_o have_v be_v break_v for_o misdemeanour_n and_o self-murtherer_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v odious_a and_o infamous_a among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n a_o warlike_a and_o modest_a nation_n and_o with_o these_o self-murtherer_n be_v join_v in_o the_o same_o note_n of_o infamy_n which_o be_v the_o great_a that_o they_o can_v lay_v upon_o any_o offender_n after_o death_n but_o as_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n prevail_v these_o law_n be_v either_o favourable_o interpret_v or_o quite_o neglect_v and_o one_o while_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o they_o to_o ask_v the_o senate_n leave_v to_o kill_v themselves_o and_o not_o 〈◊〉_d not_o quintil._n declam_n 4._o qui_fw-la causas_fw-la voluntariae_fw-la mortis_fw-la in_o senatu_fw-la non_fw-la reddiderit_fw-la insepultus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d allow_v otherwise_o etc._n †_o tacit._n lib._n 6._o annalium_fw-la promptas_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la mortes_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d faciebat_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o though_o many_o become_v their_o own_o executioner_n by_o blood_n let_v as_o this_o author_n observe_v yet_o this_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o the_o roman_n think_v it_o either_o natural_a or_o lawful_a for_o any_o man_n whatever_o to_o kill_v himself_o they_o who_o do_v thus_o be_v 〈◊〉_d before_o it_o be_v reckon_v a_o act_n of_o grace_n from_o the_o tyrant_n they_o suffer_v under_o to_o let_v they_o choose_v their_o own_o death_n which_o if_o they_o do_v not_o some_o officer_n be_v ready_a to_o dispatch_v they_o beside_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o save_v their_o estate_n which_o be_v forfeit_v when_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n public_o which_o though_o tacitus_n call_v pretium_fw-la festinandi_fw-la be_v but_o a_o accidental_a advantage_n to_o self-murtherer_n not_o a_o reward_n propose_v for_o their_o make_a haste_n the_o law_n to_o deter_v the_o commit_v of_o great_a crime_n ordain_v that_o such_o as_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o executioner_n shall_v forfeit_v their_o estate_n aswell_o as_o their_o life_n they_o who_o kill_v themselves_o evade_v this_o part_n of_o the_o law_n by_o not_o fall_v under_o any_o public_a executioner_n not_o that_o there_o be_v any_o positive_a law_n that_o he_o that_o kill_v himself_o shall_v save_v his_o estate_n as_o some_o who_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o tacitus_n way_n of_o write_v have_v think_v to_o sum_v up_o what_o have_v be_v say_v upon_o this_o head_n if_o self-murder_n be_v not_o practise_v by_o the_o roman_n during_o the_o first_o six_o hundred_o year_n if_o this_o be_v the_o time_n wherein_o they_o be_v at_o the_o height_n of_o their_o virtue_n if_o not_o one_o of_o those_o who_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o most_o judicious_a virgil_n be_v the_o great_a glory_n to_o their_o country_n do_v ever_o kill_v himself_o if_o both_o he_o and_o cicero_n be_v against_o it_o in_o their_o own_o judgement_n if_o there_o be_v several_a law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v severe_o punish_v among_o they_o then_o the_o example_n of_o this_o great_a nation_n be_v rather_o against_o self-murder_n than_o for_o it_o this_o perhaps_o may_v be_v further_o confirm_v by_o that_o which_o be_v to_o follow_v i_o mention_v just_a now_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n as_o one_o great_a cause_n why_o self-murder_n begin_v to_o prevail_v among_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o that_o glorious_a republic_n the_o next_o objection_n which_o rise_v in_o our_o way_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n of_o this_o sect_n who_o be_v in_o great_a reputation_n of_o old_a for_o their_o learning_n wisdom_n and_o strict_a morality_n and_o who_o book_n fall_v often_o into_o our_o hand_n when_o we_o be_v young_a and_o leave_v last_a impression_n upon_o many_o people_n require_v a_o particular_a examination_n chap._n x._o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o the_o stoic_n a_o short_a account_n of_o their_o philosophy_n particular_o as_o to_o the_o moral_a part_n when_o and_o for_o what_o reason_n it_o spread_v among_o the_o roman_n that_o self-murder_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o their_o other_o principle_n this_o prove_v by_o some_o instance_n from_o their_o great_a author_n seneca_n epictetus_n antoninus_n after_o several_a of_o the_o wit_n of_o greece_n have_v spend_v their_o time_n in_o useless_a guess_n and_o vain_a disquisition_n concern_v such_o thing_n as_o whether_o false_a or_o true_a can_v serve_v very_o little_a to_o the_o insluence_n of_o man_n action_n socrates_n the_o most_o discern_a and_o the_o least_o corrupt_a soul_n that_o ever_o see_v by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n show_v they_o a_o more_o prositable_a and_o more_o noble_a use_n of_o humane_a reason_n make_v it_o to_o look_v first_o into_o it_o self_n and_o to_o regulate_v those_o passion_n and_o appetite_n that_o be_v grow_v so_o great_a a_o injury_n and_o so_o just_a a_o scandal_n to_o it_o this_o be_v a_o very_a tender_a point_n and_o yet_o this_o wonderful_a man_n by_o the_o sweetness_n of_o his_o temper_n by_o his_o easiness_n and_o affability_n by_o his_o acknowlege_v that_o he_o know_v nothing_o prevail_v upon_o a_o great_a many_o to_o hearken_v to_o he_o and_o by_o his_o death_n which_o be_v more_o glorious_a more_o exemplary_a if_o possible_a than_o his_o life_n win_v over_o many_o thousand_o more_o what_o he_o thus_o successful_o begin_v bad_a other_o advantage_n from_o those_o two_o great_a man_n plato_n and_o xenophon_n who_o have_v be_v his_o scholar_n and_o who_o recommend_v their_o master_n principle_n to_o the_o world_n with_o all_o the_o happy_a advantage_n of_o eloquence_n in_o such_o a_o clear_a method_n and_o prevail_a style_n as_o represent_v natural_o the_o calmness_n of_o his_o mind_n and_o the_o sweetness_n of_o his_o conversation_n this_o make_v his_o follower_n multiply_v and_o grow_v famous_a by_o the_o name_n of_o academic_n and_o peripatetic_n who_o tenant_n differ_v very_o little_a under_o two_o great_a leader_n plato_n and_o aristotle_n but_o of_o those_o who_o hear_v socrates_n with_o admiration_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a be_v antisthenes_n anthist_n antisthenes_n diog._n laert._n in_o anthist_n who_o use_v to_o walk_v every_o day_n forty_o furlong_n for_o this_o purpose_n that_o which_o please_v his_o humour_n most_o be_v to_o hear_v he_o discourse_n of_o patience_n constancy_n fortiâ—…ude_n and_o freedom_n from_o all_o passion_n whatsoever_o this_o hit_v so_o very_a much_o with_o his_o severe_a and_o crabbed_a temper_n that_o without_o vegard_v what_o socrates_n discourse_v of_o meekness_n humility_n and_o affability_n and_o his_o continual_a example_n of_o whatever_o can_v be_v excellent_a in_o those_o virtue_n he_o fasten_v upon_o the_o former_a alone_o in_o a_o short_a time_n set_v up_o for_o himself_o and_o become_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o cynic_n
have_v practise_v there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o deformity_n in_o storm_n and_o tempest_n and_o winter_n come_v in_o unpleasant_o after_o the_o warmth_n and_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o other_o season_n yet_o these_o be_v as_o necessary_a to_o the_o world_n as_o they_o be_v to_o purge_v the_o air_n to_o destroy_v hurtful_a weed_n and_o infect_v and_o to_o dispose_v the_o earth_n to_o answer_v the_o return_a spring_n something_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v full_a as_o necessary_a to_o humane_a nature_n to_o set_v the_o soul_n in_o motion_n after_o the_o sultry_a calm_n of_o ease_n and_o luxury_n 29._o luxury_n antonin_n lib._n 4._o §._o 1._o ib._n lib._n 10._o §._o 29._o a_o great_a mind_n improve_v upon_o opposition_n it_o sparkle_v and_o rejoice_v under_o those_o calamity_n which_o will_v oppress_v other_o and_o slame_n out_o to_o the_o world_n in_o bright_a glory_n wherefore_o to_o suppose_v that_o such_o event_n as_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o be_v dispensation_n or_o dismission_n from_o life_n be_v to_o â—…ay_v either_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o virtue_n as_o conâ—…ancy_n patience_n and_o fidelity_n and_o that_o â—…od_a dispense_v with_o we_o as_o to_o the_o practise_v any_o such_o duty_n at_o all_o or_o else_o that_o he_o do_v so_o when_o we_o have_v the_o great_a occasion_n for_o they_o when_o they_o be_v near_o to_o their_o high_a perfection_n and_o may_v be_v practise_v most_o glorious_o 5._o but_o after_o all_o the_o very_a be_v alive_a though_o under_o the_o worst_a event_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v imagine_v be_v a_o direct_a contradiction_n to_o any_o such_o call_v summons_n or_o dispensation_n as_o abovementioned_a because_o as_o our_o life_n be_v first_o from_o god_n 6._o god_n see_v chap._n the_o one_a pag._n 6._o so_o the_o continuation_n of_o they_o depend_v whole_o upon_o he_o no_o man_n can_v preserve_v himself_o one_o moment_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o his_o providence_n if_o he_o think_v â—…itting_v to_o withdraw_v that_o concurrence_n there_o will_v need_v no_o other_o manifestation_n of_o his_o will_n because_o life_n will_v cease_v immediate_o wherefore_o while_n there_o be_v life_n there_o be_v no_o room_n to_o suppose_v that_o god_n give_v leave_v to_o any_o man_n to_o kill_v himself_o because_o i_o say_v his_o be_v at_o all_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o effect_n of_o god_n will_n and_o therefore_o while_o he_o be_v it_o be_v absurd_a to_o suppose_v that_o god_n will_v his_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v these_o reason_n i_o hope_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o no_o man_n can_v have_v any_o assurance_n from_o any_o natural_a event_n that_o god_n do_v resign_v his_o propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n or_o call_v or_o summon_v any_o man_n out_o of_o the_o world_n by_o self-murder_n and_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o â—…ing_n in_o question_n the_o impossibility_n of_o recover_v the_o mistake_n the_o great_a injustice_n towards_o god_n and_o man_n and_o the_o sad_a consequence_n that_o may_v nay_o must_v follow_v aught_o to_o awaken_v man_n upon_o this_o occasion_n while_o they_o have_v any_o reason_n leave_v and_o make_v they_o weigh_v every_o motive_n exact_o and_o impartial_o especial_o since_o it_o may_v so_o just_o be_v fear_v in_o these_o case_n that_o every_o man_n be_v reign_v passion_n his_o fear_n his_o pride_n his_o impatience_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v his_o god_n and_o the_o rash_a impulse_n of_o these_o be_v take_v for_o divine_a suggestion_n call_n or_o dispensation_n as_o it_o have_v often_o happen_v even_o to_o such_o as_o have_v be_v great_a man_n in_o the_o decay_n of_o their_o strength_n and_o reason_n zen._n reason_n diog._n laert._n in_o zen._n zeno_n the_o father_n of_o the_o stoic_n live_v to_o a_o very_a great_a age_n happen_v one_o day_n to_o stumble_v and_o hurt_v his_o finger_n whereupon_o he_o cry_v out_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o acknowledge_v your_o summons_n o_o you_o god_n and_o i_o obey_v and_o immediate_o go_v home_n and_o hang_v himself_o if_o those_o event_n which_o melanchoâ—…y_a man_n take_v for_o god_n call_n or_o dispensation_n be_v examine_v they_o will_v seldom_o be_v find_v to_o be_v more_o reasonable_a than_o this_o chap._n vii_o other_o objection_n answer_v by_o which_o they_o will_v introduce_v another_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n as_o the_o measure_n of_o self-preservation_n instead_o of_o that_o above_o mention_v and_o then_o suppose_v that_o this_o end_n do_v cease_v whenever_o a_o man_n reason_n tell_v he_o that_o it_o do_v so_o will_v from_o hence_o infer_v that_o his_o obligation_n to_o preserve_v life_n do_v cease_v also_o from_o exception_n limitation_n and_o dispensation_n of_o this_o law_n they_o come_v at_o last_o to_o tell_v we_o direct_o that_o there_o be_v some_o case_n in_o which_o it_o whole_o cease_v and_o then_o a_o man_n become_v master_n and_o disposer_n of_o himself_o 47._o himself_o biath_n p._n 47._o no_o law_n be_v so_o primary_n and_o simple_n but_o that_o it_o fore-imagines_a a_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v and_o scarce_o any_o reason_n so_o constant_a but_o that_o circumstance_n may_v alter_v it_o in_o which_o case_n a_o private_a man_n be_v emperor_n of_o himself_o svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o he_o who_o conscience_n be_v well_o temper_a and_o dispassion_v assure_v he_o that_o the_o reason_n of_o self-preservation_n cease_v in_o he_o may_v also_o presume_v that_o the_o law_n cease_v too_o and_o may_v do_v that_o than_o which_o otherwise_o be_v against_o the_o law_n self-preservation_n which_o we_o confess_v to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o general_a natural_a law_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o a_o natural_a affection_n and_o appetition_n of_o good_a whether_o true_a or_o seem_a now_o since_o this_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v accomplish_v in_o attain_v that_o which_o conduce_v to_o our_o end_n and_o be_v i._n e._n seem_v good_a to_o we_o if_o i_o propose_v to_o myself_o in_o this_o self-homicide_n a_o great_a good_a though_o imistake_v it_o i_o perceive_v not_o wherein_o i_o transgress_v the_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v a_o affection_n of_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v and_o if_o that_o which_o i_o affect_v by_o death_n be_v true_o a_o great_a good_a wherein_o be_v the_o other_o strict_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v rectify_v reason_n violate_v i_o will_v first_o give_v a_o short_a answer_n to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o proposition_n in_o the_o term_n here_o make_v of_o use_n and_o in_o the_o same_o order_n that_o they_o lie_v afterward_o i_o will_v represent_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o argument_n according_a to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o judgement_n in_o other_o term_n such_o as_o seem_v to_o i_o more_o clear_a and_o plain_a such_o as_o i_o have_v meet_v withal_o in_o other_o author_n or_o discourse_n and_o then_o endeavour_v no_o answer_n it_o more_o full_o 1._o the_o reason_n upon_o which_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n be_v found_v 30._o found_v chap_n 4._o p._n 30._o have_v be_v show_v to_o be_v twofold_a 1._o the_o preserve_n of_o god_n propriety_n of_o every_o man_n life_n and_o that_o 2._o with_o regard_n to_o the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v this_o reason_n be_v so_o constant_a that_o no_o circumstance_n whatever_o unless_o a_o plain_a and_o undeniable_a manifestation_n of_o god_n will_n can_v ever_o alter_v it_o 2._o conscience_n which_o be_v the_o last_o judgement_n of_o upright_a reason_n as_o it_o consider_v humane_a action_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v guide_v by_o what_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o self-preservation_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n reason_n may_v act_n alone_o but_o where_o there_o be_v it_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v it_o and_o its_o do_v so_o prove_v conscience_n to_o be_v well_o temper_v and_o dispassion_v but_o it_o may_v just_o be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v real_o so_o or_o no_o when_o it_o look_v out_o for_o a_o reason_n for_o the_o cease_n of_o a_o confess_a law_n moreover_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o upright_a conscience_n which_o acknowlege_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n be_v the_o preserve_n of_o god_n propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n to_o the_o end_n above_o mention_v can_v ever_o assure_v any_o man_n that_o such_o a_o end_n be_v real_o cease_v as_o have_v be_v show_v at_o large_a in_o the_o last_o chapter_n wherefore_o this_o learned_a gentleman_n be_v sensible_a of_o this_o proposes_n another_o end_n of_o this_o law_n such_o as_o be_v very_o convenient_a indeed_o for_o his_o purpose_n and_o may_v cease_v whenever_o any_o man_n think_v sit_v and_o this_o be_v good_a true_a or_o seem_v 3._o if_o self-preservation_n be_v a_o appetition_n of_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v this_o must_v be_v at_o least_o of_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o good_a as_o be_v or_o seem_v proper_a
be_v seem_a goodness_n in_o the_o other_o according_o he_o that_o rob_v ravish_v murder_n may_v plead_v that_o he_o do_v so_o only_o because_o it_o seem_v good_a to_o he_o and_o that_o in_o so_o do_v he_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n but_o if_o this_o be_v to_o follow_v nature_n if_o the_o ground_n of_o general_n natural_a law_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o appetition_n of_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v then_o how_o absurd_a be_v all_o humane_a law_n and_o how_o unnatural_a be_v all_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o a_o word_n to_o give_v a_o man_n up_o to_o act_v by_o seem_v good_a and_o seem_a evil_n be_v to_o let_v he_o loose_v to_o his_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n to_o grant_v he_o wildness_n instead_o of_o liberty_n and_o to_o make_v life_n depend_v upon_o this_o be_v to_o tell_v he_o he_o may_v destroy_v himself_o whenever_o he_o think_v fit_v chap._n viii_o examination_n of_o such_o objection_n as_o be_v bring_v to_o invalidate_v what_o be_v say_v above_o concern_v man_n being_n a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n and_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o self-murder_n in_o this_o regard_n also_o application_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v to_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n in_o this_o case_n hitherto_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o answer_v those_o objection_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o oppose_v what_o i_o have_v say_v to_o prove_v self-murder_n unlawful_a as_o man_n be_v consider_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n i_o come_v now_o to_o examine_v some_o other_o which_o be_v bring_v against_o what_o have_v be_v say_v to_o confirm_v the_o same_o as_o he_o be_v a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n first_o i_o must_v say_v something_o to_o that_o which_o be_v 44._o be_v chap._n 5._o p._n 44._o above_o mention_v as_o a_o instance_n of_o desert_v one_o self_n lawful_o 46._o lawful_o biath_n p._n 46._o self-preservation_n do_v not_o so_o rigorous_o and_o urgent_o and_o illimited_o bind_v but_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n itself_o thing_n may_v yea_o mun_o neglect_v themselves_o for_o other_o of_o which_o the_o pelican_n be_v a_o instance_n another_o instance_n he_o give_v of_o bee_n too_o from_o whence_o he_o infer_v 47._o infer_v p._n 47._o that_o as_o this_o natural_a instinct_n in_o beast_n so_o rectisied_a reason_n belong_v only_o to_o we_o instruct_v we_o often_o to_o prefer_v public_a and_o necessary_a person_n by_o expose_v ourselves_o to_o inevitable_a destruction_n 128._o destruction_n p._n 128._o we_o may_v lawful_o dispossess_v ourselves_o of_o that_o without_o which_o we_o can_v have_v no_o hope_n to_o sustain_v our_o life_n as_o in_o a_o shipwreck_n a_o private_a man_n may_v give_v his_o plank_n to_o a_o magistrate_n and_o the_o example_n of_o codrus_n curtius_n and_o the_o decci_n and_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o great_a and_o the_o wise_a nation_n in_o the_o honour_n which_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o memory_n be_v usual_o bring_v in_o upon_o this_o occasiou_n this_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n may_v be_v dispense_v withal_o in_o regard_n of_o serve_v the_o public_a and_o therefore_o that_o it_o may_v be_v so_o as_o reasonable_o in_o any_o man_n be_v private_a concern_v even_o to_o the_o degree_n of_o kill_v himself_o or_o thus_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n as_o to_o self-preservation_n between_o a_o man_n kill_v himself_n upon_o account_n of_o the_o public_a or_o his_o own_o account_n now_o he_o that_o dispossess_v himself_o upon_o the_o public_a account_n to_o save_v a_o public_a person_n of_o that_o without_o which_o he_o can_v have_v no_o hope_n of_o save_v his_o own_o life_n kill_v himself_o to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v 1._o that_o the_o use_n of_o instinct_n in_o beast_n be_v to_o preserve_v they_o it_o be_v give_v they_o to_o this_o end_n alone_o instead_o of_o reason_n therefore_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o affirm_v that_o any_o beast_n bird_n or_o insect_n destroy_v itself_o by_o instinct_n and_o the_o instance_n here_o bring_v to_o prove_v this_o be_v fabulous_a 2._o that_o the_o more_o reason_n be_v rectify_v in_o man_n the_o more_o he_o will_v understand_v to_o what_o end_n he_o receive_v life_n and_o how_o little_a authority_n he_o have_v to_o dispose_v of_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o more_o careful_o will_v he_o obey_v the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o this_o particular_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o what_o he_o owe_v the_o public_a 3._o that_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n may_v not_o be_v wilful_o break_v even_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o public_a no_o man_n have_v natural_o any_o authority_n to_o destroy_v himself_o for_o his_o country_n design_o and_o pâ—…ively_o but_o to_o hazard_v his_o life_n only_o as_o to_o the_o instance_n of_o codrus_n curtius_n and_o the_o decci_n what_o they_o do_v be_v ground_v upon_o a_o religious_a or_o superstitious_a persuasion_n which_o they_o obey_v as_o supernatural_a and_o therefore_o can_v be_v use_v to_o prove_v what_o be_v natural_o lawful_a the_o instance_n of_o give_v a_o magiftrate_a a_o plank_n in_o a_o shipwreck_n imply_v only_o great_a hazard_n of_o life_n not_o positive_a destruction_n of_o it_o because_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n of_o escape_v leave_v and_o because_o the_o intention_n be_v not_o to_o die_v to_o abandon_v all_o care_n of_o one_o self_n but_o to_o take_v care_n of_o another_o first_o to_o make_v this_o more_o plain_a i_o will_v show_v 1._o what_o authority_n the_o public_a power_n wherever_o it_o be_v place_v have_v to_o require_v any_o person_n to_o hazard_v his_o life_n and_o what_o warrant_v that_o person_n have_v to_o hazard_v it_o according_o 2._o the_o difference_n between_o extreme_a hazard_n and_o self-murder_n 1._o what_o authority_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o consideration_n i_o shall_v have_v no_o regard_n to_o any_o one_o particular_a state_n but_o only_o inquire_v into_o the_o end_n of_o government_n or_o civil_a society_n in_o general_n and_o this_o with_o all_o submission_n imaginable_a the_o end_n of_o civil_a government_n be_v i_o suppose_v the_o promote_a the_o same_o thing_n for_o many_o man_n together_o upon_o which_o their_o true_a happiness_n depend_v as_o consider_v single_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n this_o be_v usual_o call_v the_o public_a good_a that_o be_v each_o man_n be_v private_a good_a as_o he_o be_v man_n consider_v collective_o and_o with_o regard_n to_o the_o general_n welfare_n private_a good_a be_v twofold_a as_o have_v be_v show_v moral_a and_o sensitive_a the_o object_n of_o humane_a law_n must_v be_v twofold_a also_o virtue_n and_o propriety_n and_o the_o promote_a and_o secure_v these_o in_o peace_n from_o all_o enemy_n either_o from_o without_o or_o within_o any_o political_a body_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o true_a natural_a end_n of_o civil_a society_n now_o as_o there_o be_v public_a good_a to_o be_v secure_v so_o in_o order_n to_o this_o there_o must_v be_v public_a power_n over_o every_o particular_a subject_n lodge_v in_o one_o or_o more_o person_n according_a as_o the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n be_v and_o lest_o this_o power_n shall_v be_v either_o dangerous_a or_o to_o no_o purpose_n there_o must_v be_v also_o public_a judgement_n the_o result_n of_o the_o debate_n of_o wise_a and_o upright_a man_n to_o limit_v it_o and_o direct_v it_o furthermore_o whereas_o every_o particular_a state_n must_v be_v consider_v as_o one_o political_a person_n in_o which_o respect_n the_o be_v of_o any_o state_n be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o public_a life_n and_o the_o wellbeing_a of_o the_o same_o state_n the_o public_a health_n so_o it_o must_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o public_a power_n must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v proper_a and_o requisite_a to_o defend_v these_o and_o consequent_o that_o it_o must_v extend_v to_o particular_a life_n whenever_o the_o public_a life_n be_v any_o way_n in_o danger_n now_o this_o may_v be_v endanger_v two_o way_n either_o one_a by_o enemy_n within_o the_o state_n corrupt_a and_o vicious_a man_n who_o obstruct_v and_o break_v the_o law_n and_o insect_n other_o in_o which_o case_n the_o public_a power_n extend_v to_o the_o actual_a destruction_n of_o such_o particular_a man_n life_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v endanger_v from_o outward_a enemy_n other_o government_n that_o will_v enslave_v or_o destroy_v it_o in_o which_o case_n the_o public_a power_n extend_v to_o the_o oblige_v such_o as_o it_o think_v fit_v to_o hazard_v their_o life_n when_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o public_a preservation_n to_o hazard_v i_o say_v not_o positive_o destroy_v themselves_o as_o when_o a_o blow_n be_v make_v at_o a_o man_n head_n he_o may_v lift_v up_o his_o arm_n to_o defend_v it_o venture_v the_o break_n of_o it_o not_o positive_o break_v it_o which_o he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o do_v
and_o necessary_a it_o may_v be_v suppose_v sufficient_o to_o warrant_v any_o man_n obedience_n when_o the_o public_a judgement_n declare_v that_o it_o be_v so_o but_o the_o chief_a question_n be_v from_o whence_o this_o power_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o public_a by_o who_o it_o be_v grant_v some_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v grant_v by_o man_n himself_o upon_o a_o kind_n of_o compact_n for_o protection_n but_o though_o proâ—…tion_n may_v be_v one_o great_a end_n of_o this_o power_n yet_o it_o be_v general_o agree_v that_o this_o power_n can_v be_v conser_v on_o the_o public_a by_o every_o particular_a man_n because_o god_n alone_o have_v the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o humane_a life_n man_n have_v no_o such_o power_n himself_o and_o what_o he_o have_v not_o he_o can_v make_v over_o to_o another_o mr._n hobbs_n will_v have_v it_o to_o come_v from_o man_n but_o then_o to_o decline_v this_o objection_n and_o secure_v his_o darling_n principle_n of_o self-preservation_n he_o say_v this_o be_v not_o do_v by_o man_n transferâ—…ing_n any_o right_n of_o his_o own_o but_o by_o lay_v down_o the_o right_n which_o he_o have_v to_o hurt_v other_o his_o own_o word_n be_v these_o 162._o these_o â—…viathan_fw-ge part_n 2._o chap._n 28._o page_n 162._o the_o subject_n do_v not_o give_v their_o sovereign_n that_o right_o but_o only_o in_o lay_v down_o they_o strengthen_v he_o to_o use_v his_o own_o as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o they_o all_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o give_v but_o leave_v to_o he_o if_o i_o take_v this_o right_a this_o be_v a_o very_a odd_a distinction_n for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v any_o right_a to_o hurt_v other_o for_o his_o own_o preservation_n then_o as_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o preserve_v himself_o so_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o retain_v that_o right_n and_o yet_o if_o he_o lay_v it_o down_o he_o part_v with_o it_o as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o actual_o give_v it_o away_o he_o tell_v we_o just_a before_o 161._o before_o ib._n p._n 161._o that_o in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n every_o man_n give_v away_o the_o right_n of_o defend_v another_o but_o not_o of_o defend_v himself_o in_o several_a place_n 14._o place_n leviath_n part_n 1._o chap._n 14._o he_o repeat_v and_o inculcate_n this_o that_o no_o man_n can_v ever_o part_v with_o the_o right_n of_o defend_v himself_o no_o not_o after_o lawful_a trial_n and_o condemnation_n if_o this_o be_v so_o how_o can_v he_o lay_v down_o the_o right_n which_o he_o have_v to_o hurt_v other_o since_o by_o so_o do_v he_o must_v be_v leave_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n defenceless_a and_o liable_a by_o his_o own_o consent_n not_o only_o to_o be_v hurt_v but_o to_o be_v actual_o destroy_v as_o in_o all_o capital_a punishment_n wherefore_o not_o withstand_v man_n choose_v to_o struggle_v thus_o rather_o than_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o god_n while_o they_o frame_v their_o political_a system_n yet_o it_o seem_v plain_a that_o such_o a_o power_n as_o we_o be_v speak_v of_o can_v be_v derive_v from_o no_o other_o but_o god_n who_o alone_o have_v the_o absolute_a propriety_n of_o all_o humane_a life_n can_v alone_o have_v the_o right_a to_o give_v some_o man_n power_n over_o the_o live_v of_o other_o and_o who_o have_v frame_v man_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o civil_a society_n be_v necessary_a for_o his_o security_n and_o improvement_n and_o yet_o such_o society_n not_o to_o be_v preserve_v without_o such_o a_o power_n must_v upon_o these_o consideration_n and_o also_o as_o he_o be_v a_o wife_n and_o just_a be_v and_o as_o he_o who_o will_v the_o end_n must_v will_v the_o mean_n necessary_a to_o that_o end_n must_v i_o say_v be_v suppose_v to_o grant_v to_o the_o magistrate_n such_o a_o power_n a_o power_n to_o hazard_v life_n himself_o and_o to_o oblige_v other_o to_o do_v so_o in_o defence_n of_o the_o public_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v appear_v that_o the_o power_n or_o authority_n which_o any_o government_n have_v to_o require_v man_n to_o hazard_v their_o life_n for_o the_o public_a good_a be_v derive_v from_o god_n himself_o that_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o do_v this_o depend_v upon_o the_o public_a judgement_n and_o that_o man_n be_v thus_o warrant_v for_o hazard_v his_o life_n according_o to_o return_v then_o to_o the_o instance_n abovementioned_a of_o a_o man_n give_v a_o magistrate_n his_o plank_n in_o a_o shipwreck_n if_o a_o man_n may_v hazard_v his_o life_n for_o the_o public_a good_a then_o if_o there_o be_v some_o particular_a person_n in_o who_o the_o public_a power_n and_o public_a judgement_n be_v lodge_v from_o who_o all_o the_o spring_n of_o action_n derive_v their_o motion_n who_o be_v in_o effect_n the_o life_n the_o soul_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o in_o who_o the_o liberty_n and_o property_n as_o we_o love_v to_o speak_v of_o many_o million_o centre_n and_o may_v be_v lose_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n his_o life_n also_o who_o shall_v be_v concern_v for_o this_o public_a person_n safety_n then_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o any_o man_n may_v hazard_v his_o life_n even_o to_o the_o utmost_a danger_n to_o preserve_v such_o a_o person_n yet_o in_o these_o case_n we_o be_v to_o remember_v life_n be_v only_o hazard_v not_o abandon_v much_o less_o positive_o destroy_v and_o that_o for_o such_o extreme_a hazard_n man_n may_v just_o suppose_v that_o they_o have_v authority_n from_o god_n himself_o as_o they_o be_v member_n of_o any_o civil_a government_n and_o though_o the_o danger_n be_v great_a yet_o it_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o man_n fall_v into_o certain_a death_n upon_o these_o account_n as_o may_v be_v show_v easy_o but_o suppose_v it_o shall_v be_v so_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n a_o honest_a good_a man_n do_v not_o mind_n any_o thing_n but_o to_o do_v his_o duty_n to_o pursue_v faithful_o the_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v and_o if_o life_n shall_v be_v lose_v in_o this_o pursuit_n this_o be_v not_o his_o desire_n nor_o his_o fault_n it_o be_v not_o his_o aim_n to_o die_v but_o to_o do_v as_o he_o ought_v nay_o glad_o will_v he_o have_v live_v have_v life_n be_v consistent_a with_o his_o virtue_n but_o when_o this_o come_v in_o question_n both_o death_n and_o life_n become_v indifferent_a and_o though_o he_o choose_v neither_o he_o accept_v reaâ—…y_o of_o either_o as_o they_o offer_v themselves_o in_o his_o way_n to_o his_o duty_n this_o i_o find_v confirm_v by_o the_o schoolman_n in_o a_o hard_a case_n than_o any_o abovementioned_a suppose_v a_o powerful_a tyrant_n shall_v bring_v the_o last_o city_n of_o any_o state_n to_o the_o great_a extremity_n by_o all_o the_o sad_a consequence_n of_o a_o long_a and_o prosperous_a siege_n as_o loss_n and_o wearineâ—…s_n of_o man_n famine_n contention_n corruption_n and_o no_o hope_n of_o succour_n shall_v be_v leave_v suppose_v that_o after_o this_o he_o shall_v refuse_v all_o article_n of_o submission_n and_o shall_v threaten_v destruction_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n unless_o they_o deliver_v upto_o he_o some_o one_o particular_a innocent_a person_n this_o city_n say_v they_o 〈◊〉_d they_o 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr valenâ—…_n tom._n 3._o disput._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 8._o punct_a 〈◊〉_d may_v not_o â—…ly_o deliver_v he_o up_o though_o they_o know_v he_o to_o be_v innocent_a but_o that_o very_a person_n may_v deliver_v up_o himself_o and_o yet_o without_o be_v guilty_a of_o destroy_v himself_o because_o as_o abovesaid_a his_o chiâ—…_n end_n be_v the_o do_v so_o much_o good_a not_o the_o die_v his_o particular_a intention_n his_o design_n that_o he_o have_v in_o view_n continual_o be_v to_o save_v his_o country_n and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n which_o be_v leave_v he_o resolve_v to_o incur_v the_o great_a danger_n to_o 〈◊〉_d purpose_n and_o yet_o in_o all_o this_o be_v positive_a only_o as_o to_o the_o do_v of_o his_o duty_n and_o far_o from_o be_v positive_a as_o to_o the_o destroy_n of_o his_o life_n to_o complete_a this_o argument_n let_v we_o now_o see_v 2._o how_o great_a the_o difference_n be_v between_o this_o and_o self-murder_n and_o consequent_o how_o unreasonable_o the_o one_o be_v make_v a_o plea_n for_o the_o other_o he_o that_o hazard_v life_n for_o the_o public_a do_v this_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n both_o of_o god_n and_o man_n he_o that_o destroy_v his_o own_o life_n do_v this_o in_o disobedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o both_o the_o first_o by_o observe_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n do_v what_o god_n and_o nature_n primary_o design_v as_o most_o proper_a to_o preserve_v life_n and_o if_o he_o lose_v it_o be_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o other_o the_o latter_a neglect_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n destroy_v it_o wilful_o by_o the_o most_o positive_a act_n of_o injustice_n to_o god_n his_o
the_o iliad_n the_o ad_fw-la lib._n 1._o iliad_n learned_a critic_n eustatius_n that_o the_o grecian_n burn_v their_o dead_a to_o show_v that_o the_o divine_a part_n of_o man_n be_v bear_v upward_o by_o the_o fire_n mingle_v with_o the_o heaven_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n say_v he_o the_o gymnosophist_n burn_v themselves_o alive_a as_o alexander_n calanus_n do_v abovementioned_a do_v thus_o also_o quintilian_n declam_n 10._o speak_v of_o the_o soul_n cum_fw-la exonerata_fw-la membris_fw-la levi_fw-la se_fw-la igne_fw-la lustaverit_fw-la petit_fw-la sedes_fw-la in_o astra_fw-la so_o porphyrius_n say_v of_o the_o samanâ—…_n abovementioned_a in_o the_o same_o way_n the_o samanaei_n dispatch_v themselves_o in_o some_o country_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o separation_n to_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o serviâ—…s_n 〈◊〉_d ad_fw-la lib_n 3_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o soul_n never_o continue_v in_o the_o body_n after_o the_o the_o bâ—…oo_o be_v run_v out_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o it_o delight_v in_o bloody_a victim_n after_o its_o separation_n kill_v whatever_o be_v dear_a to_o the_o person_n decease_a according_a to_o his_o condition_n as_o dog_n horse_n slave_n relation_n in_o after_o time_n they_o who_o foresee_v they_o shall_v be_v kill_v drive_v by_o necessity_n and_o withal_o encourage_v by_o some_o superstitious_a persuasion_n of_o be_v reward_v for_o their_o fidelity_n kill_v themselves_o from_o hence_o and_o from_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o gymnosophist_n aforesaid_a come_v 〈◊〉_d custom_n of_o the_o woman_n burn_a themselves_o with_o their_o husband_n which_o be_v very_o ancient_a tuscul._n ancient_a 〈◊〉_d ad_fw-la 5._o 〈◊〉_d in_o 〈◊〉_d verba_fw-la famulumne_n parentis_fw-la item_n cicero_n 5._o tuscul._n and_o be_v undoubted_o encourage_v by_o the_o man_n in_o those_o country_n where_o they_o have_v several_a wife_n that_o they_o may_v be_v the_o more_o secure_a from_o the_o revengeful_a jealousy_n of_o the_o woman_n and_o their_o implacable_a rage_n when_o any_o one_o think_v herself_o slight_v and_o the_o better_o attend_v in_o their_o sickness_n all_o their_o life_n depend_v upon_o their_o husband_n but_o since_o the_o man_n do_v not_o so_o unless_o such_o as_o be_v act_v by_o a_o superstitious_a principle_n since_o the_o woman_n that_o be_v not_o marry_v do_v no_o such_o thing_n since_o no_o self-murder_n except_v that_o by_o fire_n be_v ever_o allow_v by_o these_o people_n none_o of_o these_o instance_n can_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v natural_a but_o to_o come_v near_a home_n we_o be_v tell_v that_o 10._o that_o donne_fw-fr lib._n 10._o among_o the_o ceans_n unprofitable_a old_a man_n poison_v themselves_o among_o the_o athenian_n condemn_a man_n be_v their_o own_o executioner_n by_o poison_n and_o among_o the_o roman_n often_o by_o blood_n let_n as_o to_o this_o custom_n of_o the_o cean_n which_o be_v relate_v at_o large_a by_o 1._o by_o val._n max._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o val._n maximus_n who_o be_v a_o eye_n witness_v of_o it_o and_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o 3._o to_o mont._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o montaign_v to_o write_v a_o chapter_n upon_o this_o subject_a 10._o subject_a strabo_n lib._n 10._o strabo_n say_v it_o begin_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o some_o great_a famine_n wherein_o a_o law_n be_v make_v that_o the_o age_a of_o both_o sex_n shall_v die_v in_o that_o manner_n that_o their_o might_n be_v provision_n for_o the_o young_a who_o be_v more_o able_a to_o defend_v their_o country_n the_o athenian_n suffer_v criminal_n to_o take_v the_o cup_n which_o the_o executioner_n prepare_v and_o bring_v they_o according_a to_o the_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n at_o a_o certain_a hour_n to_o take_v it_o i_o say_v and_o drink_v it_o which_o if_o they_o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o officer_n stand_v ready_a to_o force_v it_o down_o but_o do_v this_o wise_a people_n by_o this_o or_o any_o other_o way_n encourage_v self-murder_n quite_o contrary_n there_o be_v ethic._n be_v see_v aristot._n lib._n 5._o ethic._n a_o law_n against_o it_o by_o which_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o suppose_a act_v it_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o the_o body_n throw_v out_o unburied_a and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v it_o punish_v in_o thebes_n and_o other_o city_n of_o greece_n and_o how_o contemptible_a soever_o this_o may_v seem_v nothing_o be_v more_o infamous_a such_o as_o rob_a temple_n and_o betray_v their_o country_n be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n nay_o this_o be_v the_o great_a punishment_n according_a to_o the_o superstition_n of_o those_o time_n they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o ease_n and_o happiness_n of_o the_o soul_n depend_v upon_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o body_n as_o virgil_n aen._n virgil_n see_v servius_n there_o lib._n 3._o aen._n animamque_fw-la sepulcro_fw-la condimus_fw-la by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v hitherto_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o although_o we_o shall_v hearken_v to_o example_n in_o this_o matter_n yet_o those_o which_o have_v be_v allege_v here_o be_v either_o such_o as_o be_v fabulous_a or_o misrepresent_v or_o such_o as_o though_o never_o so_o true_a yet_o be_v ground_v upon_o some_o religious_a or_o superstitious_a persuasion_n can_v be_v of_o any_o force_n to_o prove_v self-murder_n to_o be_v natural_a but_o that_o which_o be_v bring_v out_o with_o the_o great_a pomp_n upon_o this_o occasion_n be_v the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_a nation_n no_o people_n in_o the_o world_n have_v ever_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o honour_n no_o nation_n rise_v to_o such_o a_o height_n by_o learning_n and_o by_o arm_n none_o have_v great_a man_n in_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v admirable_a or_o more_o sit_v to_o be_v master_n of_o the_o world_n and_o yet_o never_o do_v so_o many_o kill_v themselves_o of_o any_o country_n as_o of_o this_o this_o great_a and_o popular_a prejudice_n may_v be_v lessen_v by_o consider_v these_o three_o thing_n 1._o at_o what_o time_n the_o roman_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v at_o the_o height_n of_o their_o virtue_n ii_o when_o self-murder_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o request_n among_o they_o and_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o be_v so_o iii_o what_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o their_o great_a man_n and_o what_o law_n they_o have_v concern_v it_o i._o at_o what_o time_n the_o roman_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v at_o the_o height_n of_o their_o virtue_n during_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n rome_n improve_v in_o its_o virtue_n the_o defeat_v they_o receive_v from_o hannibal_n at_o first_o increase_v the_o love_n of_o their_o country_n and_o awake_v that_o great_a genius_n to_o action_n which_o begin_v to_o be_v enervate_v after_o the_o war_n with_o pyrrhus_n and_o which_o have_v be_v employ_v before_o upon_o their_o little_a neighbour_a state_n only_o and_o while_o hannibal_n himself_o as_o well_o as_o the_o savage_a nation_n which_o he_o lead_v suffer_v under_o the_o luxury_n of_o capua_n temperance_n probity_n honour_n discipline_n courage_n increase_v among_o the_o roman_n both_o in_o the_o city_n and_o the_o army_n till_o at_o last_o they_o conquer_v this_o formidable_a general_n and_o bring_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o what_o term_n they_o please_v but_o immediate_o upon_o the_o peace_n with_o they_o the_o war_n with_o macedon_n break_v out_o which_o end_v not_o only_o in_o the_o subdue_a of_o all_o greece_n but_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n and_o then_o be_v it_o that_o the_o roman_a conquest_n begin_v to_o prove_v most_o fatal_a to_o themselves_o for_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o army_n from_o these_o country_n foreign_a horace_n foreign_a luxuâ—…e_fw-la peregrinae_fw-la origo_fw-la ab_fw-la exercitu_fw-la asiatico_n liv._o lib._n 39_o graecia_n capta_n serum_fw-la victorem_fw-la cepit_fw-la &_o art_fw-la intulit_fw-la agresti_fw-la latio_fw-la horace_n luxury_n be_v first_o bring_v among_o they_o this_o quick_o beget_v prodigality_n and_o that_o make_v way_n for_o bribery_n and_o for_o private_a ambition_n and_o this_o be_v so_o notorious_a at_o the_o siege_n of_o numantia_n that_o jugurtha_n learn_v 〈◊〉_d his_o fiend_n there_o how_o to_o practice_v upon_o the_o roman_n and_o buy_v their_o army_n and_o their_o senate_n afterward_o yet_o â—…notwithstanding_n they_o be_v thus_o dispose_v still_o their_o rival_n carthage_n be_v a_o check_n upon_o they_o and_o they_o dare_v not_o launch_v out_o and_o be_v so_o bad_a as_o they_o fain_o will_v have_v be_v for_o fear_v of_o this_o ancient_a enemy_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o that_o great_a and_o upright_a statesman_n scipio_n nasica_n be_v always_o against_o the_o destroy_n of_o carthage_n which_o cato_n urge_v so_o passionate_o as_o to_o obtain_v at_o last_o to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o the_o roman_a virtue_n as_o national_a as_o all_o the_o historian_n afterward_o lament_v continual_o 2._o continual_o vel._n patere_fw-la lib._n 2._o the_o first_o scipio_n open_v the_o way_n to_o the_o roman_a power_n the_o latter_a to_o their_o luxury_n for_o when_o the_o dread_a of_o carthage_n be_v remove_v and_o their_o rival_n in_o empire_n
at_o first_o so_o beautiful_a in_o these_o man_n that_o it_o can_v not_o well_o be_v resist_v but_o if_o it_o then_o prevail_v through_o choice_n it_o quick_o grow_v necessary_a for_o they_o afterward_o for_o they_o be_v force_v to_o call_v it_o to_o their_o assistance_n in_o its_o rough_a and_o most_o frightful_a shape_n in_o the_o dreadful_a calamity_n which_o they_o fall_v into_o under_o the_o bloody_a tyranny_n of_o marius_n sylla_n etc._n etc._n 9_o etc._n chap._n 9_o as_o i_o observe_v before_o then_o be_v it_o that_o self-murder_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o vogue_n then_o be_v it_o make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o luxurious_a and_o cowardly_a as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o brave_a all_o seek_v for_o 〈◊〉_d by_o voluntary_a death_n from_o the_o horrid_a barbarity_n of_o those_o time_n and_o though_o the_o stoic_a philosophy_n lose_v some_o ground_n in_o the_o calm_a and_o peaceful_a reign_n of_o augustus_n yet_o it_o regain_v it_o again_o with_o great_a reputation_n than_o ever_o under_o 〈◊〉_d and_o continue_v so_o to_o do_v under_o his_o immediate_a successor_n for_o then_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o quality_n as_o a_o modern_a critic_n 11._o critic_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d fur_fw-ge la_fw-fr philosophy_n cap._n 11._o observe_v turn_v stoic_n to_o enable_v themselves_o to_o support_v with_o constancy_n the_o incertain_a humour_n of_o that_o jealous_a dissembler_n but_o the_o chief_a advantage_n which_o the_o principle_n of_o self-murder_n have_v in_o that_o age_n and_o which_o remain_v very_o dazzle_v to_o this_o day_n in_o some_o man_n eye_n it_o draw_v from_o the_o write_n of_o three_o great_a man_n that_o be_v stoic_n seneca_n epictetus_n and_o antoninus_n all_o well_o store_v in_o other_o respect_n with_o excellent_a rule_n for_o the_o improvement_n of_o man_n manner_n with_o noble_a discovery_n of_o reason_n and_o great_a encouragement_n to_o virtue_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o complete_a the_o removal_n of_o this_o prejudice_n to_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o each_o of_o these_o person_n and_o show_v by_o a_o few_o instance_n draw_v out_o of_o their_o book_n how_o inconsistent_a this_o doctrine_n of_o self-murder_n be_v with_o those_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v there_o deliver_v seneca_n be_v the_o first_o in_o time_n and_o who_o by_o the_o ingraâ—…tude_n and_o injustice_n of_o 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o death_n as_o well_o as_o by_o his_o write_n have_v acquire_v great_a reputation_n but_o how_o just_o upon_o this_o last_o 〈◊〉_d that_o great_a judge_n 〈◊〉_d will_v tell_v we_o &c_n we_o 〈◊〉_d lib._n 〈◊〉_d cap._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &c_n &c_n he_o be_v not_o very_o exact_a in_o his_o philosophy_n but_o a_o not_o able_a prosecutor_n of_o vice_n he_o have_v many_o excellent_a sentence_n and_o many_o thing_n worth_a the_o read_n relate_v to_o morality_n but_o most_o of_o they_o be_v corrupt_v by_o his_o style_n and_o that_o the_o more_o dangerous_o because_o he_o abound_v with_o please_a fault_n you_o will_v hearty_o wish_v say_v he_o that_o he_o have_v write_v with_o be_v own_o wit_n but_o than_o that_o it_o have_v be_v guide_v by_o another_o man_n judgement_n he_o be_v so_o very_o fond_a of_o every_o thought_n that_o he_o always_o forget_v his_o argument_n to_o drop_v his_o wit_n and_o yet_o through_o affectation_n of_o say_v thing_n pretty_o he_o say_v a_o great_a many_o very_o silly_o for_o instance_n 70._o instance_n epist_n 70._o injuriosum_fw-la est_fw-la rapto_fw-la vivere_fw-la at_o contra_fw-la pulcherrimum_n rapto_fw-la mori_fw-la here_o the_o wit_n be_v as_o slat_n as_o the_o argument_n be_v false_a for_o what_o be_v raptum_fw-la can_v never_o be_v be_v pulcrum_fw-la sometime_o indeed_o he_o have_v something_o noble_a but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v against_o his_o will_n while_o he_o aim_v at_o something_o extravagant_a which_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o reach_v his_o thought_n become_v reasonable_a and_o just_a by_o chance_n it_o be_v lofty_a but_o he_o intend_v it_o to_o be_v out_o of_o sight_n it_o be_v regular_a and_o great_a but_o have_v he_o succeed_v in_o his_o aim_n it_o have_v be_v monstrous_a and_o gygantick_a while_o he_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o most_o solemn_a part_n of_o philosophy_n and_o have_v just_a wound_n you_o up_o into_o a_o veneration_n of_o he_o he_o often_o fall_v into_o a_o frolic_a of_o a_o sudden_a and_o start_v aside_o in_o some_o jirk_a period_n and_o make_v you_o ashamed_a of_o the_o attention_n you_o have_v give_v he_o in_o a_o word_n to_o declaim_v against_o luxury_n in_o a_o perfume_a stile_n to_o talk_v of_o nothing_o but_o morte_n meras_fw-la as_o he_o say_v of_o himself_o in_o effeminate_a harangue_n to_o offer_v a_o few_o point_n instead_o of_o argument_n may_v entertain_v perhaps_o for_o a_o while_n but_o never_o never_o persuade_v nay_o there_o seemsto_o be_v agreat_a deal_n of_o reason_n in_o what_o a_o modern_a author_n say_v of_o he_o 〈◊〉_d he_o st._n euremonts_n essay_n part_n 〈◊〉_d i_o never_o read_v his_o write_n without_o a_o opinion_n quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o he_o will_v recommend_v to_o i_o if_o he_o will_v persuade_v i_o to_o poverty_n i_o long_o for_o riches_n his_o virtue_n frighten_v i_o etc._n etc._n it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a if_o this_o be_v a_o proper_a place_n to_o make_v this_o gâ—…od_a by_o several_a instance_n but_o my_o subject_a confine_n i_o to_o such_o alone_a as_o be_v contradicttory_n to_o self-murder_n first_o let_v we_o hear_v he_o as_o to_o mattâ—…r_v of_o extreme_a pain_n he_o deny_v that_o a_o wise_a man_n can_v ever_o be_v otherwise_o than_o happy_a though_o in_o great_a torment_n that_o since_o happiness_n consist_v in_o be_v virtuous_a and_o virtue_n consist_v in_o bear_v pain_n or_o torture_n well_o he_o that_o do_v so_o which_o a_o stoic_a always_o will_v must_v be_v happy_a epicurus_n he_o tell_v we_o say_v that_o a_o wise_a man_n may_v cry_v in_o 66._o in_o ep._n 66._o phalaris_n bull_n how_o sweet_a be_v this_o the_o same_o write_v to_o his_o friend_n upon_o his_o death_n bed_n thus_o 92._o thus_o ep._n 92._o this_o be_v the_o last_o and_o most_o happy_a day_n of_o my_o life_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v torment_v at_o that_o moment_n with_o the_o strangury_n and_o a_o ulcer_n in_o his_o bowel_n upon_o which_o he_o reflect_v this_o voice_n be_v hear_v in_o the_o very_a shop_n of_o pleasure_n why_o shall_v this_o then_o seem_v incredible_a among_o those_o that_o profess_v to_o obey_v not_o pleasure_n but_o virtue_n in_o another_o place_n 67._o place_n ep._n 67._o he_o admire_v one_o demetrius_n for_o call_v a_o quiet_a life_n without_o any_o incursion_n of_o fortune_n a_o dead_a sea_n to_o have_v nothing_o to_o stir_v you_o up_o to_o whet_v and_o try_v the_o firmness_n of_o your_o mind_n upon_o be_v not_o say_v he_o tranquillity_n but_o be_v becalm_v altalus_fw-la the_o stoic_a use_v to_o say_v i_o have_v rather_o be_v in_o fortune_n camp_n than_o in_o her_o lap_n suppose_v i_o be_o torture_v i_o bear_v it_o brave_o why_o then_o till_o well_o i_o be_o put_v to_o death_n yet_o still_o i_o suffer_v valiant_o why_o that_o be_v well_o too_o epicurus_n will_v tell_v you_o it_o be_v delicious_a but_o i_o will_v not_o apply_v so_o esfeminate_a a_o word_n to_o so_o glorious_a a_o thing_n i_o be_o burn_v but_o not_o conquer_a why_o then_o shall_v not_o this_o be_v desirable_a rather_o than_o dreadful_a i_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o be_v burn_v but_o the_o be_v unconquerable_a nothing_o be_v so_o admirable_a so_o lovely_a as_o virtue_n whatever_o she_o command_v we_o to_o suffer_v be_v not_o only_o good_a but_o desirable_a this_o be_v one_o of_o his_o most_o common_a topic_n and_o yet_o extraordinary_a pain_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a cause_n which_o stoic_n assign_v for_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o self-murder_n if_o we_o consider_v he_o also_o as_o to_o the_o god_n sometime_o we_o sin_v he_o very_o reasonable_a and_o submissive_a thus_o 96._o thus_o ep._n 96._o i_o do_v not_o obey_v god_n so_o much_o as_o assent_v to_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v by_o choice_n and_o not_o neceslity_n that_o i_o follow_v he_o nothing_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d befall_v i_o that_o i_o will_v receive_v discontentedly_n or_o with_o a_o melancholy_a look_n there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o tribute_n but_o what_o i_o will_v pay_v ready_o yet_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o man_n use_v to_o groan_v under_o and_o tremble_v at_o be_v but_o the_o tribute_n of_o life_n etc._n etc._n 107._o etc._n ep._n 107._o it_o be_v best_a to_o endure_v what_o you_o can_v mend_v and_o follow_v that_o god_n without_o murmur_v who_o order_v all_o thing_n he_o be_v but_o a_o ill_a soldier_n that_o with_o groan_n obey_v his_o general_n wherefore_o let_v we_o receive_v his_o order_n cheerful_o and_o cry_v out_o in_o the_o word_n of_o cleanthes_n lead_v on_o o_o destiny_n and_o thou_o o_o jove_n whatever_o
life_n to_o come_v to_o tell_v you_o confident_o that_o they_o be_v unnatural_a for_o all_o that_o this_o prove_v be_v only_o that_o such_o a_o person_n mind_n be_v distemper_v that_o it_o do_v not_o exert_v its_o faculty_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n that_o be_v in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n do_v for_o it_o be_v from_o hence_o that_o we_o must_v judge_v of_o humane_a nature_n not_o from_o the_o temper_n or_o report_v of_o one_o or_o few_o person_n and_o if_o so_o than_o these_o notion_n which_o be_v so_o general_n must_v be_v natural_a and_o therefore_o certain_a because_o whatever_o be_v of_o nature_n be_v of_o god_n there_o need_v no_o further_a answer_n to_o the_o objection_n against_o a_o future_a state_n or_o any_o further_a proof_n for_o it_o where_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o philosopher_n concur_v with_o we_o so_o universal_o the_o belief_n of_o this_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o those_o excellent_a discourse_n which_o be_v write_v by_o these_o ancient_a sage_n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v find_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o a_o future_a state_n continual_o inculcate_v by_o the_o great_a of_o they_o this_o too_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o greatness_n of_o mind_n that_o justice_n courage_n temperance_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n it_o be_v this_o that_o give_v socrates_n that_o calmness_n and_o tranquillity_n in_o his_o last_o minute_n under_o the_o most_o barbarous_a injustice_n and_o make_v he_o as_o casie_a in_o his_o death_n as_o ever_o lawful_a monarch_n be_v at_o his_o coronation_n and_o it_o be_v to_o those_o excellent_a author_n scot._n author_n plato_n and_o xenophon_n see_v this_o also_o clear_o copious_o and_o solid_o prove_v in_o the_o treatise_n abovementioned_a viz._n 〈◊〉_d practical_a discourse_n of_o future_a judgement_n likewise_o in_o the_o 2d_o part._n vol._n 1._o chap._n 5._o sect._n 2._o of_o the_o christian_a life_n 〈◊〉_d that_o late_o eminent_a divine_a dr._n scot._n which_o give_v a_o account_n of_o this_o great_a man_n that_o i_o remit_v the_o reader_n for_o further_a satisfaction_n or_o if_o happy_o what_o have_v be_v say_v shall_v be_v sufficient_a then_o there_o will_v i_o suppose_v be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n in_o the_o remain_a point_n 2._o that_o self-murder_n be_v one_o of_o the_o worst_a crime_n shall_v have_v a_o punishment_n proportionable_a and_o consequent_o he_o that_o make_v use_v of_o this_o to_o obtain_v ease_n or_o liberty_n shall_v fall_v into_o a_o state_n of_o great_a misery_n or_o slavery_n to_o make_v this_o appear_v we_o need_v only_o to_o produce_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o of_o the_o great_a man_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o consider_v brief_o the_o ground_n of_o punishment_n and_o reward_n in_o general_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o crime_n in_o particular_a for_o the_o first_o virgil_n describe_v the_o abide_v and_o condition_n of_o self-murtherer_n in_o that_o place_n abovementioned_a 6._o abovementioned_a aen_n 6._o show_v it_o to_o be_v unspeakable_o worse_o than_o the_o evil_n which_o they_o sle_z from_o while_o he_o cry_v out_o quam_fw-la vellent_fw-la aethere_fw-la in_fw-la alto_fw-mi nunc_fw-la &_o pauperiem_fw-la &_o duros_fw-la perferre_fw-la labores_fw-la this_o be_v according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o plato_n and_o therefore_o macrobius_n discourse_v upon_o that_o passage_n of_o cicero_n which_o i_o quote_v before_o sup._n before_o p._n 22_o sup._n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o entrance_n into_o a_o state_n of_o happiness_n for_o those_o who_o kill_v themselves_o say_v 13_o say_v macrobius_n lib._n 1._o in_o som._n scip._n cap_n 13_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o plotinus_n a_o eminent_a platonist_n that_o no_o death_n can_v be_v reward_v but_o what_o be_v natural_a and_o that_o death_n alone_o be_v natural_a where_o the_o body_n leave_v the_o soul_n and_o not_o the_o soul_n the_o body_n beside_o as_o he_o add_v far_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v reward_v according_a to_o that_o perfection_n which_o it_o arrive_v to_o in_o this_o life_n therefore_o death_n be_v not_o to_o be_v hasten_v because_o it_o can_v never_o be_v so_o perfect_a but_o that_o it_o may_v receive_v addition_n though_o a_o man_n may_v have_v rise_v to_o a_o very_a high_a pitch_n of_o goodness_n and_o virtue_n yet_o he_o may_v rise_v high_o sâ—…ill_o wherefore_o he_o that_o cut_v off_o his_o life_n cut_v off_o his_o improvement_n and_o so_o despise_v the_o reward_n which_o be_v propose_v to_o he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a contempt_n of_o the_o proposer_n must_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o severe_a punishment_n to_o these_o let_v i_o add_v a_o excellent_a author_n 10._o author_n milton_n paradise_n lost._n lib._n 10._o of_o our_o own_o who_o make_v the_o first_o man_n upon_o his_o wife_n be_v advise_v to_o kill_v themselves_o in_o their_o great_a distress_n to_o argue_v thus_o from_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n if_o thou_o covet_v death_n as_o utmost_a end_n of_o misery_n so_o think_v to_o evade_v the_o penalty_n pronounce_v doubt_v not_o but_o god_n have_v wise_a arm_v his_o vengeful_a power_n than_o so_o to_o be_v forestall_v much_o more_o i_o fear_v least_o death_n so_o snatch_v will_v not_o exempt_v we_o from_o the_o pain_n we_o be_v by_o doom_n to_o pay_v rather_o such_o act_n of_o contumacy_n will_v provoke_v the_o high_a to_o make_v death_n in_o we_o live_v then_o let_v we_o seek_v some_o safe_a resolution_n but_o the_o reasonableness_n of_o this_o will_v be_v more_o plain_a if_o we_o consider_v what_o must_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o reward_n and_o punishment_n in_o general_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n before_o we_o what_o be_v it_o then_o that_o shall_v make_v the_o soul_n to_o be_v admit_v into_o a_o state_n of_o liberty_n ease_n or_o happiness_n but_o the_o endeavour_v faithful_o to_o fulfil_v that_o end_n for_o which_o life_n be_v bestow_v by_o perform_v every_o part_n of_o its_o duty_n towards_o god_n our_o neighbour_n or_o ourselves_o and_o this_o too_o notwithstanding_o the_o worst_a evil_n and_o calamity_n which_o can_v possible_o befall_v we_o on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o shall_v expose_v the_o soul_n to_o the_o slavery_n of_o extreme_a torment_n but_o the_o forsake_v of_o this_o end_n the_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n the_o injure_v our_o neighbour_n and_o encourage_v other_o to_o do_v so_o now_o if_o the_o do_v any_o one_o of_o these_o thing_n must_v make_v a_o man_n liable_a to_o punishment_n what_o must_v it_o do_v to_o be_v guilty_a of_o they_o all_o and_o much_o more_o by_o self-murder_n for_o this_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d destruction_n of_o god_n particular_a propriety_n the_o positive_a renounce_v that_o end_n for_o which_o he_o give_v man_n life_n the_o do_v what_o be_v destructive_a to_o civil_a society_n the_o overthrow_v the_o law_n both_o of_o god_n and_o man_n to_o rebel_n against_o providence_n and_o break_v out_o into_o eternity_n self-murder_n be_v the_o do_v all_o this_o and_o what_o be_v still_o more_o the_o do_v it_o wilful_o and_o advise_o and_o therefore_o what_o punishment_n shall_v be_v due_a to_o it_o i_o hope_v the_o greatness_n of_o this_o crime_n appear_v so_o plain_a by_o this_o time_n every_o argument_n which_o have_v be_v use_v for_o the_o prove_v it_o unlawful_a prove_v this_o also_o that_o no_o new_a argument_n will_v be_v require_v of_o i_o to_o demonstrate_v it_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o confirm_v this_o by_o these_o two_o consideration_n 1._o that_o this_o be_v the_o least_o capable_a of_o 〈◊〉_d of_o any_o ill_a action_n whatsoever_o or_o 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v the_o positive_a 〈◊〉_d of_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v allow_v as_o a_o most_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d duty_n by_o the_o light_n of_o 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a also_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o something_o that_o be_v past_a and_o of_o resolution_n of_o not_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v but_o the_o gentleman_n with_o who_o we_o have_v have_v so_o much_o to_o do_v after_o he_o have_v bring_v in_o a_o maim_a account_n of_o repentance_n under_o the_o covert_n of_o a_o venerable_a name_n viz._n 32._o viz._n see_v biath_n pag._n 32._o this_o be_v true_a repentance_n to_o do_v no_o more_o to_o speak_v no_o more_o those_o thing_n whereof_o you_o repent_v and_o not_o be_v ever_o sin_v and_o ever_o ask_v pardon_n tell_v we_o such_o a_o repentance_n as_o this_o our_o case_n be_v capable_a enough_o of_o be_v ever_o any_o thing_n so_o trivial_a what_o kind_n of_o repentance_n why_o a_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o keep_v the_o resolution_n of_o kill_v himself_o no_o more_o after_o he_o have_v once_o do_v so_o can_v this_o be_v in_o earnest_n but_o this_o be_v absurd_a as_o to_o both_o part_n of_o repentance_n for_o this_o be_v either_o sorrow_n for_o what_o be_v past_a suppose_v some_o thing_n