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A09765 A summarie of the antiquities, and wonders of the worlde, abstracted out of the sixtene first bookes of the excellente historiographer Plinie, vvherein may be seene the wonderful workes of God in his creatures, translated oute of French into Englishe by I.A.; Naturalis historia. English. Abridgments Pliny, the Elder.; Alday, John, attributed name.; I. A. 1566 (1566) STC 20031; ESTC S110480 40,229 130

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their yong ones as sone as the femall findeth them lost she smelleth their way and rūneth after them when shée is spyed of those that haue hir yong ones they lette one of them fall the which she taketh vp and caryeth it to hir repayre in the meane tyme they escape with the rest and bring them to their shippes Camels they are dryuen to pasture toward the East as we doe shéepe Wilde Dogs haue handes féete almost lyke men In the north parte there are maruellous swift beastes which haue the vpper lippe so long that when they will feede they go backward The Woulfe before he be séene will easely draw frō a man his breath they couple not with the females but. xij dayes in the yeare There are wilde wolues which in eating of their pray if they turne once about forget their pray and goe againe to séeke another Among the Serpents the Bassalicke doth infecte and kill people with his looke There are innumerable kindes of others whereof some haue double heades at both endes for to cast venime For the byting of an Aspis there is no remedy but to cutte that that he hath touched The Cocodrils are ingendred in Nylle a Ryuer of Egipt which haue foure féete the skinne very harde and they haue no mouing but the vpper lippe and they make as many egges as Géese and they haue sharpe clawes for their defence in the day they remaine on the earth and the night in the waters whē they open their throte in sléeping there are little birdes called Trochilos that will picke clense their teeth in the which thei take great delight The Stork doth shew the maner how to take glisters for by hir nature shée filleth hir necke with water and behind with hir becke maketh infusion into hir belly for to clense hir And manye other beastes naturallye knowe the hearbes that for them are most proper The Swallow knoweth howe to finde an hearbe called Chelidonia which serueth for hir yōg ones when their eyes are endomaged Of little beastes we finde Cities destroyed and people driuen away In Spaine with Conies In Thessaly w t Moles In Fraunce with Frogs In Affricke with Locustes In the Ile of Ciclados with Rattes In Italy with Ser pents In Ethiopia with Scorpions Hyaena is sayd to be a beast of doubte nature Male and Female they will hearken at the Cottes of the sheepeheards and learne the proper name that a man is called by and calling him when the man is come forth they will strayght way kill him and they will call dogs They are founde in Affrica which is the cause of so many wylde Asses that they ingender the Males do correcte the yong ones by byting they wyll ●utte the trées along the Ryuers as wyth a knife they haue tayles like to fishes Déere that are oppressed with Dogges if they can finde no water for their refuge then they retyre to man the females beare eight wéekes and often tymes two and for to bring them forth they séeke secrece places not nere the hye wayes accustomed by men The Hinde teacheth hir yong ones to runne to feare and to leape the Males that haue left y e Females haue their mussell blacke when they knowe them selues heauye they séeke secret places they will stande still to heare the cry of the Dogs they runne with the winde to take away the smel of y e trase they reioyce to heare whistling and to heare a noyse of singing Moreouer the Harte is simple and all things are to him maruellous if that he see a man with a bowe or a crosse●owe he looketh more on them than on the man the Males haue hornes and in the spring time they cast their hornes that day that they léese theyr hornes they hyde them selues as all astonyed and sorowfull as they that haue lost their armours It is sayde that the right horne can not be found for that they hyde them in the ground At the burning of the hornes the serpents flye away their hornes growe till they be thrée score yeares olde and the sayde tyme passed there commeth vp others like and then they neuer fal after that there is no knoweledge of their age but their age is knowen by their téeth they being without hornes féede in the night and when their hornes beginne to come they wyll but te and runne against the trées they liue a hundreth yeares they neuer haue the Feuer or Ague and therfore some dames alwayes delight to break their fast with Uenson by y e v hich meanes they haue lyued a hūdreth yeres without hauing the Ague Camelion lyueth not but by the ayre and chaungeth his colour according to the thing he toucheth sauing whyte and redde they ingēder in Affrica and in India The Beares doe ioyne with the Females in the beginning of Winter not as other foure footed beastes doe for the Male the Female lye downe embracing and after that they doe retyre in sundry caues and the Female doth bring forth hir yong ones within thirtie dayes and moste commonlye bringeth fiue which haue the skinne white deformed without haire and eyes and there appeareth but their clawes in licking of them they are figured There is nothing so little séene of man as to sée the Beare bring forth hir yong shée hydeth hir foure monthes and the Male fortie dayes they couch or lye vpon soft leaues and the firste fouretene dayes they sléepe so soundlye that you shall scarce waken them with strokes then they fatten much and their fatte or grease is cōuenable to many medicines also to kepe haire from sheading They being wakened for the most part stand vp liue with the licking of their fore feete they warme their yong agaynste their breasts they haue little bloude about the heart and lesse in the bodye they haue little eyes and as feble or weake heades as the Lyon hath strōg therfore they defend their heades with their fore féete when they fall and leape from the Rocks or when they are bayted with dogges The Dogs among all other beastes that vnto vs are common are most faythfull We haue true histories of men that haue bene defended from théeues by their Dogges others haue fought to reuenge their maysters death and constrayned the murtherer to cōfesse the déede Two hundreth Dogs did rescue by force the king Garamantus being taken by the handes of his enimies Many people haue assembled dogges together for the warre We reade of Dogges that haue caste them selues into the fire when in times past their Maisters body haue bene burned We reade also of a Dog of Nicomedes the king of Bythinia to haue almost torne the Queene in pieces for that she played familiarly with the king the Dog thinking it had bene for harme A Senatour of Rome was defended by his Dogge on a night retourning to hys house from the handes of those that would haue put him to death At Rome a prisoners Dogge woulde neuer departe from the Prison
the Males ●ate the Females Egges for if all the Egges should profite the Seas Ryuers and Pondes would be filled with fishe there woulde be such an innumerable multitude The Sea Mouse maketh h●r Egges on the land and couereth them with earth thirtie dayes after doth vncouer them bringeth hir yong ones into the Sea Some fishe liue thre score yeare as by the experience of marks put on them Some fishes there are that liue on the lande when that in Sommer the Ryuers and Pondes are dryed vp and some wil go féede in the corne on the lande tarying for the water and such is the nature of some to liue on the earth with wormes There are certain fishes with sharpe pryckles on their backes that will cut the line of fishers Nettes Other fishes that are called Sea starres doe burne other fishes by their great heate In the Sea there is warre among the fishes as among the foule in the ayre for one féedeth not with another The tenth boke treateth of the Foules of the ayre IN Affrica Ethiopia there are birds that are called Stiuthiocameli as hie as a man on horse backe which doe not forsake the earth but runne faster than horses The Phenix liueth in Arabia I saye not that he is alone but neuer man sawe him eate he lyueth six hundreth yeres and in his age maketh a Nest of the braunches of spice trées wherein he dyeth and of his bones cōmeth a worme the which afterwarde naturally becommeth a Phenix He is as great as an Eagle the feathers aboute his necke are of the colour of golde the tayle yellow the surplus like to Azure Eagles there are of sixe kindes some liue with their pray on the earth other in the water that fishe with one foote they haue the knoweledge to take Whelkes other shelled fish vp into the ayre and then let them fall to breake their shelles for to haue the fishe they cause their yong ones to looke vp into the Sunne beames and caste those out of the neast that wyll not beholde the Sunne as bastards they die in their age bicause that their vpper bill doth grow so long that they can not eate they fight against Déere and against the Dragons in flying they cast dust that they take vp on the lande in the eyes of Crowes other beastes for to blind them The Cuckoe resembleth to the colour of the woode Doue thei are killed of others of their kinde they chaunge their voyce and come in the spring tyme and doe alwayes bring vppe their yong ones in other birdes nestes specially in the nestes of stock Doues she neuer lightly maketh aboue one egge very seldom two bicause she knoweth y t she is hated of all other birdes They thinke them selues very fayre and disprayse others and there is no fleshe swéeter than theirs The Kyte is alwayes a reuenging foule it séemeth by the remouing of their tayle that they that haue learned to guide or gouerne the ships by the Helme haue learned by hir Crowes wil breake or crack nuts with often letting them fall in flying The Rauens ingender by the mouth as some suppose as doe Doues it is an euill tokē or signe when that they cry as though they were choaked The night Owles doe defend them selues from other foules with their bill and clawes bycause they are hated they flye in the night in winter they sléepe two monthes and they haue nine maner of voyces Among the flying beastes some haue fingers and nayles other flatte and brode féete as Geese Duckes Swannes and others liuing for the most parte in the waters The proude Pecocke spreadeth abrode his feathers specially against y e sunne to make thē shine then putteth them downe together his tayle shedeth as the leaues on trées and commeth againe with the spring when he hath no tayle he doth hyde him selfe as ashamed at thrée yeares his tayle beginneth to colour lyueth xxv yeres his féete are fowle his voice fearefull The Cocke kno●eth the starres and when the day dawneth he ryseth and goeth to rest when the Sunne is sette by his crowing he giueth warning of the houres in the night and waketh those that goe to their labour he is king of beastes that are in the house of his bignesse and fighteth with his spurres if he haue the maysterie he will sing or crowe if he be vanquyshed he hydeth him selfe he is stoute in his going and maketh the Lyon afrayed he beholdeth the Sunne more than any other birde if he be kerued or gelded he will not crow being ker●ed he wil soone ware fatte The Goose kepeth the Romaines Capitoll it hath bene recyt●d of a Goose that hath followed his mayster from Svvecia to Rome there feathers are pluckt twice a yere with Goose grease is made many good oyntments Cranes they flye hye they do elect one whome they followe there are among them S●rgeantes which make them kepe order in their assemblyes in the night they slepe the heade vnder their wing and one legge vnder their feathers and sustaine them selues with the other Those that are appoynted to make watche holde a stone in one of their clawes for to waken those that sléepe when he letteth the stone fall into the water The Storkes goe their wayes in the Sommer and none knoweth whither nor from whence they come aswell as Cranes the one commeth in in Sommer and the other in winter they assemble for to take their flight but no man euer sawe their congregations for that is done in the night without noyse They assemble in Asia at a certaine day and he that is last come is killed and torne in pieces and then thei take their flight y e Swannes eate Serpents and therefore there is as great payne to kill them as to kill a man the yong ones do nourishe the old The Quailes come by night and in daunger of mariners when they aproch the lande because of their great multitude In tyme of rayne or of a great wind they neuer passe the seas in winter they caste their feathers so doth the Turtle Swalowes liue with fleshe they are so swift and turne so sodainly that no other foules can get them for to féede on and they wil feede in flying Swallowes tary but halfe a yeare some chaunge their voyces and their feathers mount euery yere The Iay loueth to steale Golde and Siluer In some places there are no Partriges In Rhodes there are no Eagles At Rome in the house of Hercu●es there entreth neyther Dogg● nor flyes And so it is that in manye places there is great diuersi●e of birdes A long the Sea coastes in some place there are birdes that liue with fishe and euery one of them make●h seuen Nestes and in euery nest yong ones but their nestes are so hard that they can scarce be broken and there is no way into the nestes but one little hole for the Dame to come in and out and their nestes are
some to come in at some to goe forth by the most hony is in the highest rowme If there chaunce to ryse a great winde whylest they are in the fieldes then they flie close to the groūd along the hedges and they take a litle stone or earth to be more waightier to the ende the winde beare them not away and lode their floures in their fore féete against their breastes Those that are appointed maysters or ouerseers of their house will chastice those that are negligent and slowe They neuer file nor make filth in their Hiue they are so cleane In the night their watch being set they retyre into their lodging and make a murmuring or noyse still deminishing till that one maketh the last sounde or Trumpet flying in the midst of them and then they ceasse oft al til the morning First they make their common houses and then the house of their king or Capitaine whome they doe elect and choose Among these good flyes there are others more greater without sting whiche serue at the workes to chafe or warme y e yong ones betwene their féete and they are straightly corrected and if they fayle without any remission These make their king a fayre house pinacled lyke a Castle seperated from other houses The lodgings of the common sort haue sixe rowmes or corners for the worke of their sixe féete and they make them in close darke or raynye dayes and at suche tymes they fill the vpper Celles with hony and in a fayre cléere day they goe to the fieldes The maner how the yong ones are borne there is greate defficultie for thei neuer couer one another There was a Romaine that made a hiue of cléere lanterne hornes for to sée their workes and it séemeth that they make little wormes that become flyes and before that they haue feathers there is nothing that y e dame desireth more to eat whē their heades are pulled of Their king is chosen in euery swarme or cōpany they choose hym that is greatest he is knowen for he hath a spot in the foreheade If he go or flye to the fieldes the others follow him as his gard and he goeth not out of the Hyue vnlesse that al the rest do followe If he haue a wing broken or perished he goeth not oute of the Hyue he onely taketh no paynes but admonisheth them of their worke If by aduyse of councel he cōmeth forth euery one putteth their payne to serue him and wil carry him if he be weary If he haue a sting yet he vseth it not Whē they intend to depart leaue the hiue certaine dayes before they murmure and make a noyse and flye their way by tempests Often tymes they be at strife for their bondes floures or if one Hyue haue no foode they wil spoile another and their king doth defende them If there want vittayles they kill or driue away those flyes that haue no sting If their sting be once broken they are tamed or faint hearted as a gelded body and can profite no more such haue places a part for to retyre them They hate shéepe for they can scarce get out of their wooll Also they hate Crabbes or Creuices and if there be any soddē nere to their place the smell of them will make them dye They haue many diseases and if any of them dye they bring him oute of their rowmes cast him out of their Hyue as making of funerals If their King dye they doe more for then they make such dolor and sorrow that they do nothing By this and by to muche taking off of their hony they die often tymes They haue sense and vnderstāding to heare and doe reioyce and at the sound of a Basan they wil assēble When their worke is finished they flie abrode then retourne to their hyue or house Their age is seuen yeares they neuer touch any Carion as Crowes Kytes and other flyes doe Their hony commeth as it were a sweate from heauen spittle from the starres or lyquor from the ayre when in the spring tyme the sayd moysture falleth on the leaues and the Dew and the Bées receyueth it and caryeth it into their byue The hony at the first is as cleare as water it boyleth lyke newe wine and purgeth the twentie day it fatteneth then it hardneth and casteth a little skin like a scumme there is wayes how to get the hony for want of foode causeth the Bées to disperse and flye their wayes or die and to great abundance maketh them vnprofitable for they labour no more than is necessary or nedeful and therefore the twelueth parte is their porcion that they ought to leaue them Of hony is made many medicinable thinges seruing to eche one Some leaue the tenth parte and if it be not ful but almost empty ye ought not to touche it That hony that cleaueth together or thréedeth is not good but when incontinently it breaketh in taking of it it is a good signe Also the good smelling hony that hath a colour lyke golde and swéete in the tast is a signe of goodnesse The wilde hony is not so good as the other Spiders or Spinners haue within them suche fertilitie that they spinne beginning in the mydst they make thréedes very subtill They make their yong ones lyke wormes Scorpions towards the East are very venemous they make little wormes like egges of whiche commeth their yong ones but in Italy they do litle harme They byte or sting with their tayle Locusts or Grashoppers make egges they goe on the ground with their clawes The Parthians doe eate them Also Ants make egges of the which growe their yong ones and as the good flyes doe congregate their workes so they hide their foode in the earth for to liue with in the winter They haue knowledge howe to deuide the greate graine Acorne and they dry them that are wet in the Sommer they worke by night in the full Moone one commeth to another for their burthens it séemeth that in them is mutual loue in the diligence of their worke Among other beastes they bury one another when they are deade The Butterflye commeth of a little worme in thrée dayes shée groweth also of woode wherein is humiditie There are beastes full of bloud that dye ●o sone as they are ful for behinde they haue no issue they are ingendered vnder the Oxen sometyme on Dogges In Cypres there growe in the furnaces of flyes greate flying flyes called Piralis or Piransta that dye when they are out of the fire And some there are called Hemorobios that dye that day that they take life Deade flyes if they be hidden or buried in Ashes will reuiue All beastes haue their hornes hollowe sauing at the very ende except the Déere Asses in India haue one horne Man alone hath his eares vnmoueable Hares sléepe with their eies open so do many men which the Greekes call Corybantia The eyes of yong Swallowes wil come again if