husband hee was so indiscreet as to tell the Queene thereof aduertising the Queene of the Earles smal respect vnto her and of his impudency whereof she who wished him well did not seeme to care wherefore D. Gonçal doubted that this was the cause of his imprisonment and that the Queene would dispatch him before the King should be aduertised thereof Being thus imprisoned the Queene did counterfet letters from the King vnto Vasco Martines of Merlo captaine of the castle of Ebora by the which he was commanded to murther these two personages but being a discreet man and considering the quality of the prisoners thinking that he must not proceed so lightly to the execution thereof hee forbaâ—e vntill he had spoken with the King to whom he went the day after this charge to know if it were his pleasure that the maister of Auiz and Gonçal Vasques should bee put to death The King answered that he knew not of it commanding him not to touch them and so he sent him backe enioyning him to kepe it secret and soone after he went from Ebora whereas the Queene remained who seeing that her deseignes did not succeed she tooke a milder course and sought to bee reconciled to these two personages who were freed from their irons and within few daies after set at liberty Some time after the Queene being at masse she caused them to come vnto her shewing them the best countenance they could desire and inuited them to dinner the which they did vnwillingly accept fearing she would cause them to be poisoned Impudency of the Queene D. Leonora yet they did eate in the Queenes lodging in the company of the Earle of Oren to whom after dinner discoursing of her rings and iewels she gaue in their presence a Ring set with a rich ruby pressing him to take it although he excused himselfe to the end she might not forget any thing to be held very impudent Amidest these tumults D. Isabella the Kings bastard daughter who had beene made sure by the last treaty of peace to D. Alphonso of Castile Earle of Gijon base sonne to King Henry was married at Burgos whereat the Earle was much greeued an vnfortunat marriage of which there was one sonne borne who was called D. Henry But the marriage which was made betwixt D. Beatrix sister to the King D. Fernand and D. Sancho Earle of Albuquerque was blessed of God so as a daughter which they had called D. Leonora the sole heire of her fathers great Estates was married to D. Fernand Infant of Castile Lord of Lara and Duke of Pennafiel sonne to the King D. Iohn the first then raigning which D. Fernand came afterwards to be King of Arragon and Sicile Shee was Queene of these realmes and mother of fiue children renowned by the Histories of Castile and Arragon of whom we shall heereafter make mention This King Fernand of Portugal being in good peace with his neighbours considering what had happened in the city of Lisbone Buâ—ldings made by D. Fernand King of Portugal in the last warre of Castile for want of good walles he caused it to be fortified and walled about from Saint Catherins gate vnto Saint Vincents And as hee was carefull of this publike worke so hee did gratefie the Franciscan Friars of Saint Iren causing the quier of their church to be built with other workes of deuotion This is all we finde in Histories of the affaires of Portugall vnto the yeere of our Lord 1380. An. 1380. that the aboue mentioned marriage betwixt Don Henry sonne to King Iohn the first of Castile and Donna Beatrix the daughter of Portugal was concluded with the aboue named conditions for the succession of the two Realmes by the suruiuance of the two Kings About the end of this yeere Castile Donna Leonora Queene of Castile was brought in bed at Medina del Campo of her sonne D. Fernand aboue named who came to be King of Arragon as we will shew At that time Spaine was a Neuter in regard of the obedience which the two Popes pretended The King of Castile acknowledgeth the Pope at Auignon and did affect in the Christian common weale continuing some time in this Neutrality by reason of the disagreement of the Prelats who were assembled for that cause onely at the instance of the Ambassadors of the two Popes Clement and Vibain but soone after it was declared by a sentence giuen by the King of Castile and his councell that his countries should acknowledge Clement the seuenth for Pope and Christs Vicar he being resident at Auignon the King D. Iohn inclyning therein as in other things to the French The deuotion of men in Spaine and other places in those daies was contrarie to that of more ancient times for whereas before they thought they could not giue sufficient to the Clergy to augment their houses and reuenues now euery one sought to spoile them and to vsurpe their lands and reuenues whereof the Abbots and Conuents of the Order of Saint Benet in Spaine hauing complained they had a notable sentence by Iudges deputed by the King for that businesse against many Noblemen and Knights which detained their goods yet they still incroched vpon them all they could In the yeere of our Lord 1381. died D. Ieanne Queene of Castile An. 1381. mother to the King D. Iohn who through great deuotion had in a manner all her life time carried the habit of Saint Claire and died in it and appointed she should be buried in it A great argument of the religion of that time She lies at Toledo in the Chappell of the last Kings The peace betwixt the Kings D. Iohn of Castile and D. Fernand of Portugal was broken Portugal by the bad councell of a Knight who had beene accustomed to bee often shut vp with the Queene of Portugall and was her fauorite hee was Earle of Oren. To giue some collour and beginning to this warre the King D. Fernand sent to Iohn Duke of Lancaster perswading him that as husband to D. Constance daughter to the deceased King D. Pedro of Castile and Leon Mignon of Queene Leonoras puts Castile and Portugal in war hee should pursue his right which hee pretended to those Realmes The English Prince relying vpon the fauour of Portugal with the consent and aide of King Richard his Nephew raised a thousand men at armes or Launces and a good number of foote whereof he gaue the charge to his brother Edmond of Langley Earle of Cambridge who led them into Spaine for that the Duke could not goe in person to this warre The English army arriued vpon the coast of Portugal whereas the warre was already violent for the King of Castile beeing aduertised of this practise had let his army into the country and taken the towne of Almoyda And at sea euen vpon the arriuall of the English army Fernand Sanches of Tour Admirall of Castile had taken twenty gallies of Portugal with their Admirall D.
of Nauarre by the good councell of the Lords of the countrey and namely by the Lord Lewis of Beaumont now the king his father hauing married to his second wife the Ladie Ioane Henriques daughter to the Admirall of Castile would haue made her a partaker in the gouernment the which was distasted by many who did stirre vp the Prince beeing lawfull heire of the Kingdome not to suffer his mother-in-law to thrust her selfe into the command of his possessions The desire of rule which tickleth all great and magnanimous natures The desire of rule an affection of a magnanimous nature did so farre possesse the Prince Don Charles hitherto obedient to his father as hee declared vnto him the purpose that he had to enioy alone the right of his mothers inheritance in which his mother-in-law had no part and thereupon made preparation to send her foorth of the countrie and to resist the king his father if he opposed himselfe against his determination and in conclusion to haue by way of armes that which he purposed From this pernitious quarrell Factions of Beaumont and Grammont in Nauarre which prooued so successeles to the sonne against the father did spring the two factions of those of Beaumont and Grammont which so many yeares did infect the kingdome of Nauarre names taken from two mighty families to wit that of Beaumont beyond the Pireuean hils The house of Beaumont called of old Lusa and that of Grammont on the hither side neere vnto France albeit that the house of Beaumont had his originall from Normandy and was first of all called Lusa neuerthelesse both of them of old issued from the bloud royall of Nauarre the which the armes of both those houses do witnesse and namely the chiefe of the faction of Grammont who are the Marshals of the kingdome the Marques of Cortes do not intitle themselues of Grammont but of Nauarre Now the Lord Lewis of Beaumont Constable of Nauarre beeing chiefe of his house he and all his followed the Princes on the contrarie the house of Grammont and their adherents did maintain the Kings quarell against his sonne and of this house were chiefe the Lord Peter of Peralta who by reason of these tumults was made Constable and the Marshall Don Pedro of Nauarre The sonnes reasons were that beeing sonne and lawfull heire to Lady Blanche the right Queene and heire of Nauarre he ought to gouerne seeing that the king his father had made a second marriage which barred him from any pretence of right or claime On the contrarie the king sayd that by agreement of his first marriage it was concluded that whether he had any children or no by his wife Queene Blanche that he should raigne during his life to the which article the Lords and States of the kingdome were sworne and therefore it ought to take place The Prince disputed against this poynt as beeing made to his preiudice not good in law and therefore of no force for as by the lawes of the Realme two beeing married the suruiuer enioyeth the goods of the partie deceased so long as they continue in widdow-hood but so soone as they marrie againe they lose that right Now the question was whether the condition agreed vpon in the contract of marriage in the behalfe of K. Iohn made against the lawes of Nauarre and to the preiudice of the Prince his sonne were good or no but how iust so euer it was they fell to armes Queene Ioane remaining in Estella beeing aduertised of Prince Charles his conspiracie gaue foorth-with notice thereof to the king her husband who came out of Arragon into Nauarre with a great company of men at armes vnto whom those of Grammont ioyned themselues First of all he tryed by messages and ambassadors if hee could diuert the Prince his sonne from this dishonorable poursute whereby as he sayd he did blemish the shining luster of the races of Nauarre Castile Arragon and France from whence he was descended the question betwixt the father and sonne was brought to very good termes by the reasons alleaged by King Iohns Ambassadors had not the counsel of the chiefe of the part of Beaumont hindred it who kept the Prince in his first resolution to haue the absolute rule of his kingdom without any exception and those of Grammont did incite the king against his sonne both parts thinking as it is very likely to increase their honours riches and dignities rather by these troubles then by the peace of the kingdome All treaties and negotiations of peace ceassing the Prince assembled his forces as wel Knights as the common people of his partie An. 1456. and carried himself as king the yeare 1456 The Prince of Viana Don Charles caused himselfe to bee called king of Nauar. giuing gifts priuiledges and liberties with other royall acts the letters and writings whereof were found in these times in the citie of Toralba and other places of the country he called also from Castile diuers of his friends of whom certaine troupes entring by Logrogâ— into Nauarre were ouerthrowne neere to Viana by the King Don Iohn who like a wise and a discreet Captaine went and met them not suffering all his sonnes forces to ioyne together before that he had fought with them after which exploit there were diuers encounters betwixt them with doubtfull victorie neere to Estella Pampelona Olite and Lombier so as the last battell of this first ciuill warre was fought neere to the citie of Ayuar in the which by the prowesse and valour of Peter of Peralta and Lopes of Castillo and others of the faction of Grammont those of Beaumont were vanquished and Prince Charles taken prisoner who was carried to Tafalla by the commandement of the king who came thither soone after and did labour to bring him to some agreement of peace the which the sonne beeing ill aduised did contemne and that which was worse he going about to incite his neighbour kings to take in hand the defence of his cause a packet of letters was taken which he sent to king Alphonso of Portugall wherein diuers matters were discouered by reason whereof hee was shut vp in the castle of Mont-Roy Hereuppon the factions were so fleshed one against the other as through all the citties of the kingdome betweene neighbors and towns-men whole families did so bandie themselues that infinite cruelties murthers burning of houses and other insolencies and impieties of ciuill warres were committed The great loue of the Earle of Lerin to the Prince Don Charles The imprisonment of the Prince was so irkesome to the Lord Lewis of Beaumont Earle of Lerin as he did not cease by all meanes and assurances that he offered till that he had obtained his deliuerie of the King for the which he himselfe so dearely did he loue him gaue his owne person in hostage and remained in prison the space of seuen yeares But when the Prince was at libertie he wanted no counsellers to animate him to
Eylo or Zethon whom we had confined into Ouiedo in the beginning of the raigne of this Alphonso who being made earle or gouernour of Biscaie by the kings bountie would rebell as his brother had done Rebellion of the gouernor of Biscate forcing the king to send an armie against him by the which he was vanquished taken and led to Ouiedo where he ended his dayes in prison This Zeno left two daughters the one called Theude was maried according vnto some to D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre and the other D. Iniga to the infant D. Suria of whom we shall hereafter speake This was in the yeare 856. All this time and to the yeare 859 Moores Anno 859. there had beene a suspension of armes betwixt king D. Alphonso and the Moores but that yeare king Mahumet went to armes and came and besieged the towne of Coimbra belonging now to Portugal but D. Alphonso forced him to raise his siege and not content therewith entred into the Moores countrey wasted it and returned with great spoyles continuing euerie yeare to annoy them in such sort as they were constrained to accept of a truce for three yeares with the preiudice of their reputations and great disaduantage in their iurisdictions Then there raigned in Sarragosse a Moore called Aben Alfaie The rest of Mahumets raigne vnto his death was spent in voluptuous lust and idlenesse In his time there was a great earthquake in Spaine and a little before his death lightening entring into the Mosquee where he was slew two Noblemen Moores neere vnto him D. Garcia Inigues third of that name and seuenth King of Nauarre 37 About the yeare 867 Nauarre and Arragon vnited as some Authors write died D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre to whom succeeded D. Garcia Inigues his sonne the third of that name who vnited the countrey of Arragon to Nauarre by marying with D. Vrraca daughter to D. Fortun the last earle or of D. Endregot Galinde of the same house and familie of Arragon He had two sons by this Ladie D. Fortun and D. Sancho Abarca and one daughter called D. Sanctiua or Sancha They write this fable of D. Sancho That the king going inconsiderately with his queene through the mountaines of Nauarre he was surprised by certaine Moores and slaine and the queene ouerthrowne being thrust into the bellie with a Moores launce at such time as she was great with this D. Sancho Some houres after a knight whom they called D. Sancho of Gueuara passing that way met with this pitifull spectacle and saw that the child had thrust forth a hand by the mothers wound and had laboured to come forth there wherefore this knight lighting from his horse made the wound greater so as he drew forth this infant aliue without any harme then he carried it to his house with good witnesses where he caused it to be nourished according to his degree vntill he grew great and then he presented him to the Estates of the realme and made him be acknowledged for their lawfull king But as we say it is like to be a fable and hath no great authoritie yet they say that the surname of Ladron which is peculiar to the house of Gueuara came for that this knight did secretly nourish the infant D. Sancho D. Sanctiua the daughter was maried to king Ordogno the second sonne to Alphonso the great 38 They hold opinion Biscaie That the lords of Biscaie had their beginning at this time in D. Suria whose posteritie was famous for many yeares for after that D. Zeno had beene vanquished and led prisoner as we haue said the Biscaines seeing themselues without a head fell to mutinies and seditions Thither was sent D. Ordogno sonne to king D. Alphonso whom they called Earle of Asturies who began to ouerrun and spoyle the countrey The townes and comminalties assembled to make head against him chusing D. Suria for their captaine who was descended from the bloud royall of Scotland by his mother and had maried a daughter of Cont Zenos called D. Iniga but at that time deceased The forces of either part came to fight in a place called then Padura The battell was sharpe and cruell and for that the whole countrey did swim with bloud the place was from that time called Arrigoriaga which in the countrey language signifies a vermilion stone The Biscaines with the aid and by the valour of D. Sancho Estiguis Lord of Durando who ended his dayes in this battell won it which was in the yeare 870. After this victorie the Biscaines chose D. Suria for their Lord as well for that he was sonne in law to their last Earle and gouernour Zeno by his daughter notwithstanding we doe not read that he had any children as for the valour and good conduct they had seene in him in this warre This D. Suria did presently after marie the daughter of D. Sancho Estiguis in whose right he got the Seigniorie of Durando which was vnited vnto Biscaie whose posteritie did enjoy those lands vntill the time of D. Henrie the second of that name king of Castille and Leon. The linage of D. Suria was called de Haro Castille the old had also an Earle called D. Diego Porcello 39 Mahumet Miralmumin of Cordoua Moores Anno 874. hauing liued some time in peace by reason of the last truce made with the Christians died in the yeare 874 leauing 54 children by his wiues whereof 34 were males and 20 females He had held the kingdome 35 yeares and his death was in the 257 yeare of the Arabians raigne Almundir sixt king of the Moores at Cordoua His sonne Almundir succeeded him who liue but two yeares hauing done nothing worthie of memorie against whom they of Cordoua rebelled notwithstanding that he offered to free them of the tenth part of their tribute which they paid He left six sonnes and seuen daughters Such was the estate of Spaine in the time of king D. Alphonso who had to wife a Ladie of the bloud royall of France called Ameline Ouiedo but they changed her name to D. Ximena by whom he had foure sonnes D. Garcia D. Ordogno D. Fruela who raigned and D. Gonsalo the Archdeacon This king in his later dayes gaue himselfe wholly to workes of pietie building of churches and monasteries indowing them with rents and great reuenewes and adorning them with iewels vessels of gold and siluer and precious ornaments according to the ceremonies brought in and maintained in the Church In the yeare 877 the church of S. Iaques was consecrated at the instance of this king and by the authoritie of Pope Iohn the eighth where many Bishops were present And it is to be noted that in those dayes the citie of Ouiedo was full of Bishops without any flockes for they did chuse Bishops of townes that were in the Moores possession keeping an account of their succssion Ouiedo the towne of Bishops all which did liue in Ouiedo and therfore it was called the
the citie of a contrarie humor to Almondir but the Moores of Cordoua not thinking themselues secure he being so neere them and being resolued not to endure any more kings of the linage of Aben Humeya they besieged him in this house tooke him and imprisoned him in Cordoua from whence he escaped and fled to Sarragosse where he liued in a priuate estate Then a Moore of great power called Ioar of Algazur seeing the citie without a king Ioar 19 king at Cordoua embracing this occasion with the helpe of his friends which did affect him tooke vpon him the title and royall authoritie at Cordoua but on the other side one Hali Cacin or Aben Cacin Hali Cacin ruling at Seuile residing at Seuile a man of a great house and mightie seized vpon the towne of Seuile where he did remaine with the Moores of his faction and enjoyed the soueraigntie fifteene yeares yet taking no other title vpon him but as Iudge and Gouernour but he prepared the way for his successours to make it a royall seat Ioar raigned but two yeares and Mahumet his sonne succeeded him Mahumet the 20 and last king at Cordoua being the twentieth and last king of the Moores at Cordoua and in whom the majestie of the Miralmumins of Spaine which had beene great was extinct from the which grew so many pettie kings as there was scarce any good towne in Spaine but had a particular king which made strict alliances among themselues for the preseruation of their estates and maintained themselues vntill the comming of the Almorauides Moores which came out of Africke as we will shew This king Mahumet desiring rather to hold that little of the estate of Cordoua which remained than to seeke after that which was drawne away enjoyed it in peace thirteene yeares the which fell out according to the common opinion about the yeare 1027 and of the Arabians 415 So as the royall seat of the Miralmumins of Spaine accounting from Abderramen the first who did begin it had continued in the citie of Cordoua 269 yeares The Moores affaires in Spaine being in this confusion the Christians neglected this fit opportunitie to recouer all Spaine and to root out the sect of Mahumet but they had their infirmities in like manner D. Sancho king of Nauarre made some attempts but as it seemes ill pursued being not mentioned in the Histories D. Alphonso king of Leon Leon. made an enterprise against them that gouerned in Lusitania and beseeged the towne of Viseo but as he went inconsiderately about it to view the place being vnarmed hee was shot with an arrow from the towne whereof hee died soone after this was in the yeare 1006 An. 1006. as the Spanish Histories report But the letters and titles of Chapters and Couents say he liued vnto the yeare 1028. A little before his death he had receiued into his countrey the children of D. Bela of Nagera a knight who as we haue said had beene chased out of Castille by the Earle D. Fernand Gonsales which were D. Roderigo D. Diego and D. Inigo Bela who would neuer be reconciled vnto D. Sancho Earle of Castille their Lord wherefore hauing liued a wandring and vagabond life for a time among the Moores and elsewhere in the end they came into Leon whereas the king D. Alphonso receiued them honoured them and gaue them lands and reuenues in the quarter of Somocas This Prince was carefull to administer justice to his subjects D. Alphonso 5 king of Leon a louer of iustice and therefore did reuiew and restore the ancient lawes of the Gothes and did correct and moderat them with new decrees fit for the time and all by the aduise of the generall estates assembled at Ouiedo in the yeare 1003. He repaired the ruines of the Citie of Leon and there built a Church to Saint Iohn Baptist whither he caused the body of D. Bermond his father and many others to be brought and there interred In his time liued Athilan Bishop of Leon and Florian a great Preacher in Gallicia both held for Saints in Spaine They write that Florian meaning to trie if his Sermons were pleasing to God put burning coales into his mouth and had no harme As for D. Sancho fourth king of Nauarre Nauarre he was surnamed the Great chiefly for his great dominions D. Sancho Emperor of Spaine and for his great exploits both in peace and warre by reason whereof he intitled himselfe king of Spaine the which the Gothes with all their greatnesse and power durst not doe He married D. Nugna eldest daughter to D. Sancho Garcia Earle of Castille yet the Histories of Arragon call her otherwise say the king had a former wife which was D. Caya Ladie of Ayuar the which was rather a concubine than a lawfull wife of whom D. Ramir Genealogie of Nauarre first king of Arragon was borne By this Ladie D. Nugna he did inherit the Earledome of Castille and by her had D. Garcia king of Nauarre after him D. Fernand first king of Castille and D. Gonsalo king of Sobrarbre and Ribagorsa He was either in person or sent to all the warres betwixt the Christians and the Moores whose estate was much shaken in his time by reason of the diuisions of that mutinous nation and this king was more fortunate abroad than in his owne house The Histories which treat of his deedes say That being absent in some warre against the Moores his sonne D. Garcia demanded a goodly horse of his mother out of the kings stable the which he loued aboue all the rest and had straitly commanded his wife not to suffer any one to ride him yet shee desiring to please her eldest sonne graunted him but being afterwards dissuaded by a knight called Pedro de Sese or as some write Fernand of Ordognana master of the kings horse shee would haue auoided it considering the charge the king had giuen her whereat D. Garcia being too much incensed for a matter of no moment began to imagine that there was some dishonest familiaritie betwixt this Master of the Horse and his mother whither that he belieued it or did maliciously inuent it forgetting God and all filiall respect Notable treason of a sonne against his mother he resolued to accuse them of adulterie and hauing conferred this designe with his brother D. Fernand who was of a better disposition he would haue forced him to serue as a witnesse or assistant in this wickednesse the which he refused and did often dissuade D. Garcia from so vile an enterprise but it was in vaine In the end D. Fernands youth was vanquished by the importunitie or rather feare of his elder brother promising not to reueale the fraud and lye which he had discouered vnto him The king being returned to his castle of Nagera Queene of cpan of Adulterâ—e this peruerse sonne D. Garcia failed not to accuse his mother whereat the king was wonderfully amazed for that he had
sonne in law the which hee did by the aduice of D. Bernard Archbishop of Toledo D. Vâ—raca laâ—re of Castille and Leon married to D. Alphonso of Nauarre which marriage was accomplished according vnto some in the life time of the King D. Pedro others say it was after his decease D. Alphonso hauing already succeeded him to the crowne of Nauarre and Arragon in the yeere 1104. for that the King D. Pedros sonne of the same name was dead without children and D. Isabel his daughter was also dead a virgin An. 1104. This King D. Pedro and his children were buried at Iean de la Pegna the last of the Kings which were interred there He had raigned in Nauarre and Arragon ten yeeres and three monthes As for King D. Alphonso he liued vnto the yeere 1108. being afflicted with great infirmities Death of D. Alphonso the sixth King of Castille with the which he languished to the age of 73. whereof hee raigned foure and thirty yeeres and eight monthes after the decease of his brother D. Sancho his body is interred in the Monastery of Sahagun D. Alphonso his son in law succeeded him in the right of D. Vrraca the only lawfull daughter of the deceased in all his realmes of Castille Leon Toledo and other Siegneuries A little before his death one Moyse a Iew very learned in the tongues in Philosophy and the holy Scriptures was baptized and the King D. Alphonso was his god father Conuersion of Moysâ—a Iew. wherefore hee was called Pedro Alphonso His conuersion was profitable to many Iewes and Moores whom by disputing and writing hee brought to leaue their sects and to imbrace the name and profession of Christians At the same time florished Deminike de la Calçada whose practise was to retire the pilgrimes which went to Saint Iaques and to direct them in their way At the place of whose aboade there was since a city built of that name he caused a Chappel to bee built there in honour of the Virgin Mary and a little from thence fiue yeeres before his death he made his sepulcher for at that time they buried not any in holie ground Now it is a Cathedral Church The end of the eight Booke The Contents of the ninth Booke 1. VNion of the realmes of Castille Leon Nauarre and Arragon vnder the King D. Alphonso the 7. of that name in Leon and 2. in Castille and the first in Nauarre and Arragoâ— 2. Seege and taking of the city of Sarragosse from the Moores the which was afterwards the chiefe of the realme of Arragon 3. The County of Prouence anexed to the house of Barcelone by hereditary succession 4. D. Alphonso Henriques 2. Earle of Portugal and the bad gouernment of the Countesse D. Theresa his Mother 5. The licentions life of the Queene D. Vrraca heire of Castille her diuorce from King D. Alphonso her husband and the miseries which happened in Castille 6. Conspiracy of the Nobility and States of Castille and Leon against the Queene D. Vrraca and the establishing of her sonne D. Alphonso 7. Raymond in the reyall dignity accounted the 8. of that name and the 27. King of Leon and 5. of Castille 8. Disordred and prodigious testament of D. Alphonso the 7. King of Nauarre and Arragon 9. Vsurpations of townes and Lands in Nauarre by King Alphonso Raymond of Castille 10. D. Garcia Ramir the 19. King of Nauarre and 7. of that name 11. D. Frere Ramir the 5. King of Arragon and 2. of that name 12. Kings of Nauarre and Arragon forced to acknowledge the soueraignty of Castille 13. Vnion of Cattelogne to the crowne of Arragon by the marriage of the Earle of Barcelon D. Raymond Berenger with D. Petronille 14. Accord betwixt D. Raymond Betenger Prince Regent of Arragon with the Templers and Hospitaliers vpon the testament of King D. Alphonso 15. The Earle of Portugal takes the title of King 16. Change of the State in Affrike and the new raigne of the Almohades 17. Taking of Lisbone and other townes from the Moores by the new King D. Alphonso Henriques 18. D. Sancho the 20. King of Nauarre 7. of that name 19. Change of Religion among the Moores in Spaine and persecution of Christians by the new sectaries 20. D. Sancho the 6. King of Castille 3. of that name 21. D. Fernand the 2. of that name 28. King of Leon. 22. Institution of the Order of the Knights of Calatrana This ninth booke containes the rest of the Kings of Nauarre Arragon Leon and Castille and the erection of the Earldome of Portugal to a Kingdome by D. Alphonso Henriques as followeth NAVARRE ARRAGON LEON CASTILLE 18. Alphonso Emperour 1-4 the same 1-26 the same 7-4 the same 2. 19. D. Garcia Ramir. 7. 5. D. Fr. Ramir. 2. 27. D. Alphon. Ra. 8-5 the same 3. 20. D. Sancho 7. D. Petronille and 28. D. Fernand 2. 6. D. Sancho 3. D. Raymond Berenger vnites Arragon and Cattelogne PORTVGAL D. Alphonso Henriques 2. Earle and the first which tooke vpon him the title of King D. Alphonso the eighteenth King of Nauarre Emperor of Spaine ALL the Christian Kingdomes of Spaine were vnited in one body Nauarre Ar. 1. ragâ—a Leon and Castille in the yeere 1108. by the succession of Leon Castille An. 1108. Toledo and other conquests fallne to D. Vrraca wife to D. Alphonso King of Nauarre and Arragon intitled Emperor of Spaine by a better right then his Predecessors notwithstanding that some Chronicles will not haue him put in the ranke and number of the Kings of Castille and Leon for that it was D. Vrraca his wife and not hee which was heire of the sayd Realmes D. Pedro Ansures during the Kings absence who was in Nauarre and Arragon gouerned and was Viceroy in Castille in which time the Moores went to field and did great harme vnto the Christians taking the towne of Coria with other places D. Alphonso King of Nauarre entred with an army into Castille leading with him D. Vrrca his wife but there needed not any force for all obeyed him both the townes forts and Noblemen of the country whom hee gouerned with all mildnesse humanity and iustice and repulsed the inuasions of the Moores on the fronters of his wiues dominions but hee made sharper warre against them vpon the confines of Nauarre and Arragon in Castille hee repaired Vilhorade in Rioje Berlanga and vpon the riuer of Duero Almasan and Soria The surname of warrior was giuen him by reason of his deeds of armes and the battailes wherein he was during his raigne The Histories report that he did fight 29. times in a pitcht field was victor in them al except in the two last battailes D. Alphonso seâ—â—es to assarâ—h insâ— lse of Castille which were fought nere vnto Fraga Hauing goften footing in Castille he began to forecast what might happen if his wife should die without children by him wherefore he put gouernors and captaines of his countries of Nauar
married her eldest daughter and sister to D. Alphonso Henriques called D. Theresa Henriques These goodly exploites were done among Christians in the house of Portugal which was but now growing for expiation whereof they say that Fernando Paez who had taken away his liuing brothers wife built a Monasterie at Sobrado in Galicia nine leagues from Saint Iaques a pennance and satisfaction taught by the pastors of those times to miserable contemners of Gods lawes and ordonances The young Earle Don Alphonso beeing much troubled with these excesses and moreouer seeing himselfe contemned and out of all credit and fauour for that the adulterous and incestuous D. Fernando intitled himselfe Earle of Portugal in the right of his wife he went to armes against him the euent you shall heare hereafter If this Countesse were vnchast in her seuerall marriages Nauarre Castile Arragon c. her sister D. Vrraca shewed her selfe as loose and disloyall to her husband King Don Alphonso so as this Prince who was endowed with great vertue and wisedome was forced to restraine her in the fort of Castellar neeâ—e vnto Sarragossa from whence shee sought by all meanes to escape as shee did with the helpe of some discontented Noblemen of Castile with whome shee retired into her Inheritance where shee tooke councell to bee diuorced from the King her husband making her pretext that shee had beene married against her will and by constraint and moreouer that shee was his cousin germaine remooued and therefore the marriage could not be lawful without dispensation fro the church of Rome the which in those dayes was not much vsed Of this Councel were the Archbishop of Toledo the Bishops of Bourgos Leon Palence and others who were al dispossest chased away and banished by D. Alphonso and with them the Abbot of S. Facunds whose Abbey was giuen to D. Ramir the kings brother Wherefore the Nobilitie and Estates of Castile considering what troubles and miseries would ensue if this desseigne were put in execution against the king D. Alphonso they would not giue their consents but took their Queene with all respect and conducted her into Arragon to her husband who dissembled the wrongs she had done him receiued her into-fauor but as she continued her leud life forgetting more and more the honor of her self house which should haue bin more deare vnto such a Princesse Queene D. Vrraca vnchast then her life the king in the and caused her to be conducted to the towne of Soria chased her from his company for euer notwithstanding he kept still many strong places in Castile not caring much for the gouernment of the Realme Without doubt this king was of a great courage and gaue good proofes that he did more esteeme vertue and his honor D. Vrrace chasd away by the king D. Alphonso her husband then all worldly goods dispossessing himselfe of so great iurisdictions as those of Castile Leon Toledo and others which D. Vrraca had brought him who being setled in her countries began to shew some tokens of amendment gouerning her selfe by the aduice and counsell of D. Pedro Ansures and other knights of greatest wisdome and fame among the Nobility of Castile Hauing then assembled her estates she complained that many forts were kept from her demaunding their aduice and ayde to recouer them Those which were kept by Captains and gouernors Castillans were presently yeelded vnto her without attending any commaundement from the king D. Alphonso in hatrred that he had chased away the Queene Among others D. Pedro Ansures presently after the restitution of some places by him went to the king who was at Castellar where coming before him beeing mounted vppon a white horse and clad all in scarlet hee lighted and holding a halter in his hand hee sayed vnto him Castile separatted That hee had done vnto his Queene the naturall and soueraigne Princesse of Castile the dutie of faithfull vassall yet hauing failed vnto the king to whome hee had sworne fealtie and homage hee had brought vnto him both hand and mouth the instruments of the oath which hee had made vnto him to the end that his Maiestie might dispose of them and of his whole bodie at his Highnesse pleasure and command King Don Alphonso alwaies like himselfe although vppon sufficient grounds he were discontented with the yeelding vp of these forts shewing no good countenance vnto the Earle yet vppon his first speech hee pardoned him yeelding to the counsell of the wise Magnanimity of King D. Alphonso who commended much the loyaltie and integritie of this knight the which should serue as a President to posteritie wherefore he was sent backe with honor into Castile After this D. Vrraca did nothing of merit for falling to her old desseigne of diuorce she obtained it by the authoritie of Pope Pascal Of whose commandement and Bulls Don Diego Gelmirio Bishop of Compostella was minister and executioner Thus finding her selfe without restraint in her lust luxuriousnesse she exceeded strangely She had familiar and dishonest conuersation with D. Gomes Earle of Candespina who had in former times pretended to be her husband Nauarre Castille Arragon c. who was secretly deliuered of a sonne gotten by him and was for that cause called D. Fernand Hurtado from whome as they say is descended the house of Hurtados a noble family of Spaine Although that some doubt hereof yet it is most certaine that the Earle D. Gomes had in a short time the whole gouernement of the Realme and disposed of all the affaires both of warre and peace at his pleasure conuersing as familiarly with the Queene as if she had beene his wife and yet another Knight called D. Pedro de Lara sonne to Don Ordogno Earle of Lara who entred combat at the seege of Zamora against the three sonnes of Aria Gonçalo after the decease of the king D. Sancho did insinuate himselfe in the Queenes fauour and was in a short time one of her greatest minions whereof the earle D. Gomes was very iealous The dissolute and vnchast life of D. Vrraca was so publikely knowne to all the world as king D. Alphonso mooued with a iust disdaine both for it and for the aboue-mentioned diuorce resolued to enter into Castile with an armie putting all to fire and sword Queene D. Vrraca vnchast beeing much incensed as well at the dissolute life of the Queene as at the Castillans basenesse who obeyed her bearing them also a spleene for that they had deliuered her those places which he had giuen them in gard There went against him to field the Queenes two fauorites D. Gomes and D. Pedro with the forces of Castile and Leon who hauing incountred the kings armie consisting of Nauarrois and Arragonois D. Vrraca chased away by the King D. Alphonso her husband they came to fight neare vnto Candespina and not farre from Sepulueda D. Pedro who led the foreward was first charged who abandoned his men basely vpon the first incounter and
was to carry him newes of his Estate the Earles of Lara hauing intelligence thereof caused him to be apprehended and put in prison and hauing counterfeitted letters to some priuate men of base condition from the Queene as if she would haue procured them to poyson the king they caused this prisoner processe to bee made who was for that cause hanged yet not any one did beleeue that euer the Queene D. Berenguela would practise such a trecherie but held it to be a fraud deuised by the Earle D. Nugno and D. Aluar his soone Wherefore the Inhabitants of Maqueda beganne to mutine which made the King and his Gouernors to go to Hueâ—é where beeing arriued a Knight called Rederigo Gonçales of Valuerdé who had charge from the Queene D. Berenguela to steale away the king Don Fernand de Lara layed hold of him and carryed him prisoner to Alarcon This made the Earles of Lara to keepe a more streight guard about the King Ciuill warre in Castile whome they conducted to Vailledolit and there beganne the warre against them which held the Queenes partie Montalegre in the which Don Suer Teles Girâ—n remayned was beseeged and taken and then ouer running and spoyling the countrey Don Aluaro de Lara chiefe of this warre came to Carrion then to Villana of Alcor who hauing suddenly surprized Don Alphonso Teles de Meneses without the fort beeing ill accompanied his men vnhorsed and disarmed some of Don Alphonsos troupe and thought to take him prisoner but he fled into the fort beeing wounded where hee was beseeged by the King in person and the Earle Don Aluaro but not able to take it they retired to Palencia where the king was lodged in the bishops Pallace All things say they past before the marriage which was then concluded in Palence It beeing accompanied the king would go against D. Lope Diaz de Haro and passing by Burgos whereas his sister the Queene D. Berenguela was he went on and did not see her and so came to Calaorra which fort was taken by Garcia Zapata from Ruis Diaz de los Cameros and his brother Aluaro Diaz The king beeing afterwards returned to Burgos the Queene his sister began to write and to sollicite the Pope to dissolue this marriage which was the cause why D. Aluaro dispossest her of her lands reuenues vnder the kings name and authoritie which she could not resist Moreouer the Historians say that Don Aluaro did pursue a second marriage for the King D. Henry with Donna Sancha Infanta of Leon daughter to Don Alphonso by his first wife D. Theresa by the which it was agreed that after the death of the king D. Alphonso the king D. Henry should succeed him in the Realme of Leon and in the meane time he should giue vnto his father-in-law the vse and possession of Saint Iohn de la Mota whereof a Knight called Sancho Fernandes should bee Gouernor and answerable for it the Earle D. Aluaro thinking to fortifie himselfe with the support and fauour of the king Don Alphonso by the granting of this place although he repented him afterwards giuing him in exchange Tiedra in stead of S. Iohn and aboue 10000. Marauidis of gold all to annoy the Queene D. Berenguela and to disinherit the Infant D. Fernand of Leon his sonne and heire to the Realme who was with her for Tiedra did belong vnto the Queene who was constrained to giue the place vnto the king Don Henry her brother who demanded it And then she sent the Infant D. Fernand vnto the king of Leon his father which done she retired to Oteilla and the king to Palence from whence D. Gonçalo Nugnes de Lara brother to the Earle D. Aluaro was sent with good troupes of horse and foot against D. Lope Diaz de Haro who was towards Miranda of Ebro well accompanied but as they were readie to fight certaine religious men came betwixt them and parted them so as the Earle D. Gonçalo returned to the king and D. Lope vnto the Queene who was soone after beseeged by the king her brother and the Earle of Lara in Oteilla but not able to take it they left it to go to Frechilla where they razed the houses of D. Roderigo Gonçales Giron and then they returned to Palence The Queene had in the meane time sent to demand succors from the king of Leon somtimes her husband the which he granted but the seege beeing raised there was no neede to send any These things are written by many Authors very doubtfully and diuersly how soeuer it were the realmes of Castile and Toledo did indure much miserie by the wicked and tyrannous gouernement of the Earles of Lara the which had an end by the suddaine and miserable death of the king D. Henry whom they held in their power and whose authoritie they did abuse impudently This young Prince beeing at Palença lodged in the bishops pallace as they suffered him to play with certain young children of Noble houses who serued him and were about the same age sporting with them freely and more inconsideratly then was fit for one of his quality one of them whom they hold to bee of the house of Mendoça cast a tyle from the top of a tower which falling vpon the couering of an house beat downe another the which fell vpon the kings head wherewith hee was so grieuously hurt Death of D. Hâ—nry king of Castile as he dyed the eleuenth day after in the yeare 1217. hauing raigned two yeares nine moneths and 15. daies in great trouble his bodie carryed to Burgos and layed in the Monasterie of las Huelgas neere to his brother D. Fernand where they do euery yeare vnto this day make an aniuersarie for his soule Such was the end of D. Henry by the which D. Berenguela recouered her authoritie and raigned with her sonne D. Fernand the which she had by Don Alphonso king of Leon by the diligence and foresight of the Noblemen of Castile fearing lest the French should seaze vpon the Realme by reason of the pretensions of the Infanta D. Blanche Interest of the king of France to tâ—e crowne of Castiâ—te the eldest daughter of Castile maried into France to Lewis sonne to Philip Augustus who was mother to the king Saint Lewis D. Fernand called the Holy the ninth king of Castile and third of that name 3 THe death of the King Don Henry was very grieuous to the Earles of Lara who sought to keepe it secret for some dayes but it was in vaine for the Queene D. Berenguela was presently aduertised who instantly dispatched D. Diego Lope de Haro and D. Gonçalo Ruis to Toro in the countrie of Leon to bring the Infant Don Fernand who was there with the King his father And for that she feared lest the King Don Alphonso of Leon beeing aduertised of this death should attempt something vppon the Realme of Castile the Ambassadors had charge to conceale it and to faine that the Queene was stil molested
After him Gençalo Peres Lord of Molina did rebel beeing mooued therevnto by D. Gonçalo Nugnes de Lara who beganne to ouerrunne and spoile those parts which lay neere his houses like an enemy not ceasing for any admonitions or threats made vnto him in the Kings name vntill that hee was forced to goe and besiege him in Molina notwithstanding by the means of D. Berenguela the Queene mother hee was restored to the Kings fauor and the souldiers were drawne from before Molina But D. Gonçalo Nugnes de Lara who for feare of punishment was retired into the Moores country demanding pardon also could not obtaine it wherefore hee liued the remainder of his daies which were but short at Baeça in Andalusia where hee died miserably as his brethren D. Aluaro and D. Fernand had done worthy in truth of great punishments for their rash and seditious enterprises beeing greater and more eminent then all the other Noblemen of the realme The King beeing freed from this care and the realme in some quiet D. Maurice Bishop of Burgos an English man borne beganne in the yeere of our Lord 1222. to set his hand to the building of the great church of that city An. 1222 according to the fashion wee see it at this day the which was finished in his time The Episcopal seat was before at Saint Laurence The Archbiship D. Roderigo caused them also this yeere to worke about the building of the chiefe Church of Talauera the which was indowed with foure dignities and twelue Chanoiâ—s and at the same time the Churches of Vailledolit and Osma were built by a Bishop of Osma who had beene Secretary to the King D. Fernand. The church of Padron the Bishops lodging and the bridge which is vpon Minio were also then built by the care and charge of D. Laurence Bishop of that place It was also about the beginning of this yeere 1222. that D. Ramir Infant of Nauarre Nauarre brother the King D. Sancho the retired was made Bishop of Pampelone of whose charity Authors write with admiration that hee gaue all he had vnto the poore and the more his riches did abound the more he gaue In all the time after the marriage of the King D. Iames Arragoâ—â— and D. Elenor of Castille vnto the yeere 1228. when as the warre of Majorca was attempted the realme of Arragon was troubled with continual seditions procured by the Infant D. Fernand the Kings vncle beeing exceeding ambitious who hauing entred into League with D. Nugno of Arragon his cousin sonne to D. Sancho Earle of Rosillon D. William of Moncada a little before enemies but now growne friends vpon this occasion Pedro d' Ahones and others tooke vpon him againe the Regency of the realme by force in the yeere 1223. and distributed amongst his fauourers and confederats the chiefe dignities of the realme holding the King and Queene in his power but a while after the King esçaped from Tortosa and retired to Hucâ—ra or Horta where hauing conferted with the Nobility hee raised an armie with the which hee entred the territories of the Moores of Valencia and Murcia beeing tired with ciuill tumults so as hee forced Azebut or Zeit King of Valencia to promise him tribut and in like manner him of Murcia which was the fiâ—th penny of their imposts In this warre many commaunders of the League intermedled contrarie to the Kings liking Amongst others D. Pedro d' Ahones discontented that the King had made a truce with the Moores sought to breake it and did often lead troupes of souldiars into the territory of Valencia spoyling all he found so as the King hauing often aduised and intreated him to conteine himselfe but in vaine hee commanded they should take him prisoner D. Pedro de Ahones 〈◊〉 but D. Pedro seeking to defend himselfe being pursued by the King and others was slaine by D. Sancho Martines de Luna with a lance the which did put all the townes of Arragon beeing already infected into open rebellion against the King who marched presently with his army into the countries of Sobrarbre and Ribagorça whereas the houses lands and subiects of D. Pedro were the which he wasted al he could The townes of Saragossa Huesca and all the rest except Calatajub followed the Infant D. Fernand and the Noblemen of his faction as defenders sayd they of the publike liberty the chiefe of the Saragossans was their Bishop D. Sancho d' Ahones brother to D. Pedro that was slaine On the other side the Kings army was led by D. Blasco Alagon and Artal de Luna who did much annoy them of Saragossa and others In the end the mildnesse patience and dissimulation of the King D. Iames surmounted al these alterations and mutinies who could so winne the Princes and Noblemen beeing much troubled to maintaine this warre as they all submitted themselues vnto him by whose example the townes were quiet yet the citties of Saragossa Huesca and Iacca made a league amonst themselues for the defence of their lands and iurisdictions against theeues and robbers and remainders of ciuil dissentions and erected a Magistrate holding a forme of Iustice like vnto that which they call Hermandades in Castille yet without any preiudice to the Kings royal preogatiue 13 In Castille whilest that the King D. Fernand was busie to suppresse his owne subiects and to dispose of the affaires of old Castille Moores the Inhabitants of Cuenca Huete Alarcon and Moja beeing gathered together made a roade into the territories of Valencia from whence they brought a great booty This was an aduice giuen by D. Berenguela the Queene mother and the prelates of Castille to the end they might breake the truce which was betwixt her sonne and the petty Kings of the Moores thinking it high time the King should goe to the warre and that it was the dutie of a Catholike Prince to pursue these infidels Fernand King of Castille eâ—â—ers Andalusia with what right soeuer Wherefore the King animated by this councel gathered his army together and marched into Andalusia where at his first entry Aben Mahomad King of Baeça made himselfe his vassal sending to meet the Christians army when it was at the passage of the mountaine called Puerto del Muradal Afterwards they came to Quesada whereas many Moores were slaine and many taken the townes of Lacra Teua and Palhes were abandoned by the Moores the castles of Esnader Escamel and Espulei were razed whereof the two last were yeelded by composition From thence D. Lope Dias de Haro was sent with D. Fernand Coci Maister of the Order of Saint Iames and D. Gonçal Tuannes maister of Calatraua to Biuoras whereas there were certaine bands of Arabians of Affrike whom they defeated bringing away many prisoners D. Roderigo Ximenes the Archbishop and Primat did accompany the King in this expedition who after these happy exploits returned to Toledo whereas the Queenes attended him In the meane time D. Iames King of Arragon Arragon being discontented
Granado and of the two forts of Malaga 23 D. Denis the first of that name the sixth king of Portugal 24 Ahominable league and other practises of the Infant D. Sancho of Castille to dispossesse his father 25 Enterprises of Castillans and Arragâ—nois against Nauarre 26 Homage forced by D. Pedro King of Arragon from his brother D. Iames for the Islands of Majorca and Minorca and other lands of his portion 27 Massacre of the French in Sicile called the Sicilian euensong D. Pedro king of Arragon vsurpes the Island from the house of Aniou and the warre which ensued 28 Conspiracy in Arragon called the vnion against the king D. Pedro for the defence of their preuiledges and the authority of the Magistrate called the Iustice Major of Arragon 29 Censures against the Infant D. Sancho of Castille and his rebellion against the Pope The fathers curse vpon him and his posterity not vaine the death of D. Alphonso thâ— wise Continuance of the royall houses of Spaine mentioned in this twelfth Booke CASTILLE 11. D. Alphonso 10. 30. LEON  NAVARRE 23. D. Thybaud 2. 24. D. Henry 1. 25. D. Ieanne and in respect of her Philip the faire PORTVGAL 5. D. Alphonso 3. 6. D. Denis 1. ARRAGON 9. D. Pedro. 3. D. Alphonso the eleuenth of that name the tenth King of Castille and thirty one of Leon. 1 THe Moores of Spaine were reduced to that extremity Castile as they did all obey the Kings of Castille and Arragon as their vassals euery one in their iurisdiction the yeere that Alphonso the eleuenth came vnto the crowne but they continued not long in this Estate for as liberty is the most pleasing of all things when as they found any subiect of alteration they imbraced it Yet in the beginning they kept themselues quiet seeking to confirme the alliances which they had made with the King D. Fernand deceased and for that King Mahomad of Granado shewed himselfe ready to doe this homage the King D. Alphonso who was alwaies bountifull abated him 50000. Marauidis of gold of his yeerely tribute beeing in the city of Seuile where hee was proclaimed and crowned King of Castille Leon c. The first Ordonance he made was to decry the money which was then currant called Pipions in place whereof he caused an other peece to be coyned which they named Burgaleses euery one being ninety deniers six deniers making a solz and fifteene solz a marauidis of gold so as the Burgalois and the marauidis in gold were all one in value This change of money made all things deere in Spaine wherevpon the King did much augment the Estates fees and ordinary pensions of his followers The first alteration which happened in the Moores countries was in Tareda but they were easily supprest for the petty King of that place called Amet was so amazed as hee quit the place vnto the Christians and fled into Affrike We haue sayd before that King D. Alphonso had married D. Violant daughter to D. Iaime or Iames King of Arragon by whom hauing no children in six yeeres they had liued together he intended to leaue her wherevpon hee sent into Denmarke to treat a marriage betwixt him and Christienne the Kings daughter attending the returne of his Ambassadors at Toledo where he was againe visited by King Mahomad of Granado The King of Arragon hauing some intelligence of this diuorce which D. Alphonso pretended to make was much discontented and in a maner ready to proclaime war against Castille if he had not bin diuerted by some noblemen and great personages of his realm notwithstanding their subiects vpon the frontiers did for a long time spoile one an other their was a league also made betwixt Arragon and Nauarre which did incense them more Thibaud the second of that name and three and twentith King of Nauarre 2 THis league was to defend the realme of the young Thybaud the second Nauarrel who had succeeded his father in the yeere 1253. being not yet 15. yeeres old whose gouernment and the Regency of the realme was in the hands of Marguerite of Foix his mother League betwixt the king of Arragon and the Queene widow of Nauar. The Histories of Nauarre say that the King of Arragon came in person to Tudele to visit the Queene widow and King Thibaud her sonne whereas they made an offensiue and defenciue league the King D. Iaime offring vnto the widow and to this Pupil whatsoeuer hee could doe or they demand alwaies reseruing the rights which he pretended in Nauarre the which he would end friendly when as King Thibaud should be come to age and in the meane time it was agreed that being of full yeeres he should marry D. Constance or D. Sancha daughters to the King of Arragon and if King Thibaud died then should D. Henry his brother marry one of them the King of Arragon promising moreouer not to marry his daughters into the house of Castille without the consent of Queen Marguâ—rite she promised also for her part to do her best endeauor that the King her son should not marry with any of the daughters of Castille lawful nor bastards especially of King Fernands second marriage In this league was comprehended the French King and the Emperour by Queene Marguerite and the King of Arragon would insert a condition that this present league should be allowed and confirmed by the Popes authority within a certaine time and great penalties and censures set downe by him for them that should breake it The Queene mother was assisted by D. Garcia Almoraâ—id D. Sancho Fernandes of Montagu D. Garcia Gomes of Agoncillo D. Gonçalo Yuanes of Batzan D. Corbaran of Leet D. Martin Garces of Eusa D. Pero Gonçales of Morentiu D. Martin Gonçales of Morentia D. Guerero Siere Symon Giros D. Pedro Ximenes of Valtierra and D. Lope Arcez Deane of the Collegiall church of Tudele who did all sollemnly sweare to obserue the Articles of this league The company beeing gone from Tudele the King of Castille was presently aduertised of the league which they had made wherevpon hee sent many companies of horse and foote vnto the frontiers of Nauarre pretending that the realme did belong to him and that hee would pursue his right by armes On the other side Queen Marguerite the Regent manned the townes forts ioyning vpon Castille with good garrisons being also succored by the King of Arragon so as the Castillans passed no farther at that time Thybaud crowned king of Nauarre In the meane time King Thibaud grew to be ful 25. yeers old wherfore they thought it fit to declare him of age to crown him An. 1254. the which was done in the yeere 1254. in the great church of Pampelone where he did sweare to obserue and augment the preuiledges of the country Being in possession of the gouernment he would haue the alliance and league which his mother had made with the King of Arragon newly confirmed for the effecting
whereof the two Kings met in the church called our Lady of Montagu League confirmed betwixt Nauar and Arragon where they did capitulate and it was sayd that the King D. Iaime should defend the realme of Nauarre against al and that not any one of the two Kings should make any peace or truce without the consent of the other for assurance whereof especially of the aboue mentioned marriages there was deliuered in pawne for King Thibaud the forts of Gallipienço Arguedas Monreal and for Arragon the castles of Rueda Sos and Vncastillo which places should remaine in the hands of certaine knights of Nauarre who notwithstanding should be discharged by the King of Nauar of the oth which they did owe him and with his consent should take an oth to the King of Arragon with a reseruation and promise to yeeld the places to him against whom the other had made the offence all this was promised and sworne by both Kings and the chiefe of their subiects for the King of Nauarre by D. Sancho Fernandes of Montagu Seneshal of the realme D. Garcia Almorauid D. Gil of Rada D. Gonçalo Yuanes of Batzan D. Martin Ximenes of Ayuar Fernand of Leet Ramir Perez of Arronis D. Corbaran of Leet D. Artal of Luna D. Pedro of Varillas and other knights with six Bourgeses of Tudele and for the King of Arragon D. Alphonso Infant of Arragon D. Garcia Bishop of Tarrassone D. Garcia Romeo D. Pedro Cornel D. Symon de Fosses D. Frederic Lizana D. Pedro Martines de Luna D. Sancho d' Antilla and others In this league were comprehended and named by the King of Nauar the King of France and his brethren and by the King D. Iaime Charles Earle of Prouence brother to the French King This being concluded betwixt these Kings the warre grew hot and furious vpon the frontiers of Nauarre and Castille where the King of Arragon did more willingly assist for that the same yeer the Moores of the country of Valencia being rebelled to the number of 60000. vnder one Alardrac their leader and captaine the King of Castille did support and aide them vnder-hand vpon a secret hatred which hee bare vnto the King D. Iames yet by the diligent endeauors of some great personages there was a truce made for some months during the which the King D. Iaime being come into Nauarre D. Diego Lopes de Haro Lord of Biscay came vnto him and made himself his vassal being discontented with the King of Castille which was no smal aduantage for the affaires of this league against Castille for D. Diego was a braue valiant captaine King D. Alphonso pretended the realme of Nauarre by ancient right from his predecessors or at the least that D. Thibaud should doe him homage as the king D. Garcia Ramires and the kings D. Sanchos his sonne and Grandchild had done to King D. Alphonso the eight Emperor of Spaines and to other Kings of Castille the which King Thibaud refused alleadging that it was a forced acknowledgment without any reason and that he was so far from submitting himselfe to the Kings of Castille as he pretended to recouer the territories of Bureua Rioja Alaua Guipuscoa and other lands in old Castille which the predecessors of D. Alphonso had vsurped of the crowne of Nauarre these were the causes which made these Kings enter into warre who the truce being expired went to field with their forces the Nauarrois and Arragonois assembling the body of their army about Tudele and the Castillans towards Alfaro and Calaorra The Kings of Castille and Arragon lead the contrary armies Castillans i◠armes against the Nauarrois and Arragonois and were so nere one vnto the other as they expected the houre when they should ioyne but there were many good men which laboured to preuent this disorder amongst Christian Princes so neere allied The King D. Alphonso gaue him of Arragon to vnderstand that it was an vnworthy thing and beyond all expectation to see him that was his father in law carry armes against him hauing done him no wrong wherefore he intreated him not to hinder him in his iust pursute of the right which he had to the realme of Nauar which the Earle Thibaud detained from him The King D. Iaime answered that he could not in conscience nor duty abandon the defence of a yong Prince which was recommended vnto him whose affaires he esteemed as his owne Many Prelats and men of great authority hauing imployed themselues in vaine to make a peace betwixt these Princes a simple gentleman of Cattelogne borne at Besalu of the house of D. Violant Queene of Castille preuailed more then al the rest This gentleman came to the King of Arragon and perswaded him with such liuely reasons as he yeelded to a peace Hauing done this good office with him he did the like to the King of Castille and was so happy in his negotiation as they promised to confer personally together of their disputes and quarrels Enterview of the Kings of Castille Arragon and Nauarre wherefore certaine Tents being pitched in a plaine betwixt both armies the three Kings met and imbraced one an other louingly where they feasted each other and made a good accord before they parted Yet notwithstanding the league made betwixt the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon King of Nauarre confesseth himselfe vassal to him of Castille and the courage which the yong King Thybaud did shew he yeelded to doe homage to the Kings of Castille as his predecessors had done for the realme of Nauarre for the King of Castille thinking that he had won the King of Arragon his father in law by this enterview the which in truth did auaile him much for that the Queene Donna Violant his wife was there present he demanded of King Thybaud the hardest conditions he could desyring nothing lesse then to make an accord with him but nothing being refused they compounded King Thybaud remayning vassal to the King D. Alphonso and it was sayd that he should entertaine a Lieutennt in the court of Castille and that whensoeuer the King of Nauarre should bee called vpon any occasion of warre he should be bound to come and serue himselfe in person or by his sayd Lieutenant with two hundred horse The young King yeelded to all these conditions either for that he was not able to resist his aduersary or else doubting that the King of Arragon was wonne or it may be in consideration of the publike quiet besides hee did no new thing but what his predecessors had done before him yet D. Sancho Fernandes of Cascante Inhabitants of Pampelone resuse the homage which their King did to him of Castille and other knights of Nauarre disswaded him from it the like did the Inhabitants of the Bourg of St. Sernin of Pampelone who after that all the Prelats knights and commonalties of the realme had approued this peace they still disalowed it and would not subscribe wherevpon the King did punish them
had carried armes against him except his sonne D. Sancho In the beginning of a will of his made in Nouember 1283. he makes great complaints of his aduersities and doth much blame the kings of Portugall Arragon England the Pope and others Curse of the father vppon D. Sancho and his posterity who had fauoured D. Sancho cursing him and all his posteritie and leauing heires of his Soueraigne Realmes D. Alphonso and D. Fernand de la Cerde one in default of the other and if they dyed without issue he gaue them to Philip king of France and to his descendants He gaue many other Legacies to his other children to Churches and to his Officers and domestique seruants By another testament apart made in the yeare 1284. he ordained that his heart should be carried and interred on mount Caluarie in the citty of Ierusalem and his body in his citty of Seuile or Murcia in the which his Executors should please He dyed in the yeare 1284. and was buried at Seuile An. 1284. hauing raigned 31. yeares 10. moneths and 23. dayes This Prince was a president of the weaknesse and inconstancie of humane things not onely in the goods which they call of Fortune but also of those of the mind whereof he was as well furnished as any Prince that hath beene before or since him all which did him more harme then good for neither vertue knowledge honour nor riches auayle not if the blessing of God do not accompany them but they rather ruine a man And in truth this Prince may be tearmed miserable in all these things He was a great and mighty king but nothing did suffice him by reason of his prodigality and ill-measured bounty he was neuer sincerely beloued of his subiects by reason of his sower disposition and wilfulnes proceeding from too great a presumption of his knowledge so as hee did neuer beleeue any good counsell It was the fruite of his Philosophie the which had made him so ouerweening as he presumed to controule the Author of Nature saying That if he had bin present at the Creation of the world he should in many things haue beene of another opinion with other such speeches full of impietie By iudiciarie Astronomie whereunto he was giuen beyond all reason he had foreseene as he thought his aduentures the which made him affect the Imperiall dignitie where hee purchased more dishonour then euer any Prince This vanity made him cruell to his brother D. Frederick and other Noblemen to preuent the conspiracies which threatened him but could not auoid them the which he had done if leauing these diuinations hee had relyed wholly vpon the prouidence of God without any further search But it is the will of God the curious should haue this torment alwaies to feare their misfortune which they would know by damnable meanes giuing effect to vanity and to the spirit of error against those that follow it The Queene D. Beatrix his mother who it may be was superstitious and giuen to these impieties had neuer any contentment after his birth hauing vnderstood when hee was in his cradle from a Grecian who was a great Sorceresse that he should bee depriued of his Realmes The end of the twelfth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE THIRTEENTH BOOKE of the Historie of Spaine The Contents 1 Don Sancho the Braue the fourth of that name the eleuenth king of Castile and the 32. of Leon. 2 Warre betwixt the French and the Arragonois in the Counties of Rossillon and Cattelogne where as the king D. Pedro dyed 3 D. Alphonso the third of that name tenth king of Arragon who continued the warre against the French 4 Philip the Faire king of France husband to Ioane of Nauar began to raigne in Nauar. 5 Aduancement of D. Lopes Diaz de Haro preiudiciall both to the Realme of Castile and to himselfe 6 Acts and proceedings betwixt the Estates of Arragon and the King Don Alphonso the third 7 Treaties betwixt D. Alphonso king of Arragon and Charles the Haulting king of Naples prisoner and what succeeded 8 Quarrels in the Court of Castile and the death of D. Lopes Diaz de Haro 9 Deliuerie of the children of D. Fernand de la Cerde from prison in Arragon Don Alphonso de la Cerde declared king of Castile 10 Tumults at Badajos supprest 11 Family of Guzmans who are Dukes of Medina Sidonia 12 D. Iames the 2. of that name 11. King of Arragon 13 Peace betwixt the French and the Arragonois and the retention of the Iland of Sicily by D. Fredericke of Arragon brother to the king D. Iames contrarie to the Capitulations 14 Donation of the I le of Corsica and Sardinia to the king D. Iames of Arragon the second by Pope Boniface the eighth 15 D. Fernand the fourth of that name the twelfth king of Castile and the three and thirtith of Leon. 16 Iewish superstitions Conuersion of some Iewes to the Christian faith 17 Foundation of Bilboa in Biscay 18 Compromise betwixt the children of D. Fernand de la Cerde contending for the Realm of Castille and D. Fernand then raigning and betwixt the king of Arragon and him of Castile and the sentence giuen by the arbitrators 19 Lewis Hutin the 1. of that name 26. king of Nauarre 20 Translation of the Popes Court from Italy into France 21 Persecution of the Templers 22 Order of Christ in Portugall 23. Order of Monteça in Arragon 24 VVarre in Granado 25 Deeds of the Cattelans in Greece and Thrace after the wars of Sicily and Naples 26 Troubles at Lyons and in the Court of France 27 Discourse of the crosses which did accompany Philip the Faire as well in his raigne as in priuate affaires 28 D. Alphonso the 12. of that name 13. King of Castile 34. of Leon and the troubles which happened at his entrie 29 Papacie affected with murthers 30 Philip the long King of France 2. of that name 27. king of Nauarre 31 Exploits of the Castillans against the Moores the sodaine and strange death of D. Pedro and D Iohn Princes of Castile and troubles in that Realme 32 Perpetuall vnion of Arragon Cattelogne and Valencia 33 D. Iames the eldest sonne of Arragon quits the successsion of the Realme and becomes a rebellious man 34 Confirmation of the gift of Sardinia and Corsica to the house of Arragon by the Pope Conquest of Sardinia by the Infant D. Alphonso 35 Deedes of Denis King of Portugall Pietie of Queene Isabell his wife their buildings in Portugall 36 Troubles in Castille by the death of D. Mary the Queene mother 37 Maioritie of king D. Alphonso the twelfth of Castile 38 Estate of the Moores of Granado at that time Order of the Kings raigning in Spaine whereof mention is made in this 13. Booke CASTILE 11 D. Sancho 12 D. Fernand 13 D. Alphonso LEON 4-23 4-33 11-34 Some number him for the 12. ARRAGON 10 D. Alphonso 3. 11 D. Iames 2. NAVARRE 25 Philip the faire 1. 26 Lewis Hutin 1. 27 Philip
betwixt Don Diego Lopes de Haro and Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara was suspect vnto the king he sought in the meane time to breede and stirre vp some iealousie and diuision betwixt them gratifying Don Diego in many things making his Sonne Don Lopes Diaz de Haro Lord Steward of his house but it was not possible to diuide them neither could Don Diego by any meanes bring Don Iohn Nugnes in fauour with the king who was resolued to make warre against him against the opinion of the Queene his mother and all his Councell so as hee was forced and constrained to dislodge hastily in the night from Aranda of Duero and came to Don Diego Lopes and his sonne who altogether made a league and confederacie against the king Whereuppon there were many enterprises and incounters without any great effect so as beeing returned to Aranda and the king not able to draw Diego from that partie there was a day appointed to meet at Cerezo and in the meane time a truce was made There Don Alphonso Perez de Guzman who did negotiate for the king preuailed so with them of the league and the Queen-mother with the king D. Fernand her son who atattended the resolution of this assembly in the towne of Pancoruo that all these that is to say the Lords of Haro father and sonne and D. Iohn Nugnes should remaine his seruants and he receiued them into grace yeelding vnto them all they were wont to enioy and they for a gage of their faith deliuered some places in pawne Don Iohn of Castile who pursued the Seigneurie of Biscay was not pleased with this accord wherefore he did presse the king to haue the sentence giuen by him in fauour of D. Maria Diaz his wife put in execution wherewith the king was much troubled and both he the Queene and others of the Councell sought by all meanes to agree these parties contending who were resolued to go to armes to preuent the which the king made many great offers vnto Don Diego Lopes the which he refused but afterwards he repented it often There was so great labouring for a peace and especially by the Queene-mother as in the end they yeelded to this composition That Don Diego Lopes should during his life enioy the Segneurie of Biscay and lands belonging thereunto and that after his decease the possession should be giuen to Don Iohn and to D. Maria his wife or to their heires except Vrdugna Val de Balmeseda and S. Olalla which three places should remaine to Don Lope Diaz de Haro sonne to D. Diego to whom moreouer the king should giue for the entertayning of this peace Miranda of Ebro and Vilalua of Losa D. Diego Lopes yeelded to these conditions to please the king though vnwillingly The troubles and seditions wherewith the Realme of Castile was afflicted at that time Miserable Estate of Castile was a plague which humane policie could not preuent for when as one fire was quenched another was suddenly kindled so as these miseries continuing men perished the treasures were wasted and Christians ruined one another in these cuill warres giuing meanes and leysure to the Moores of Granado to assure their Estates who furnished themselues with such store of munition and built so many forts towers and castels vppon the sea coast as they maintained themselues for many yeres against all the attempts of their enemies D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara was not pleased to see an accord made betwixt D. Diego Lopes and the Infant D. Iohn of Castille wherefore he retired from Court and fortified himselfe in Tordehumos where he was beseeged by the king but in the end the King was forced to giue him Moja and Cagnette and to receiue him againe into fauour seeing his vncle D. Iohn to hinder the seege vnder-hand caused the Knights to disband yet for all this they liued not long in peace for all these seditious men although they had many quarrels among themselues yet they agreed in this point to keepe the Realme in perpetuall combustion The Infant D. Iohn and D. Iohn Nugnes did afterwards make a league against the king vppon a false aduertisement that the king meant to kill them whereupon they troubled the State againe so as they had great difficulty to retire the Infant D. Iohn from this enterprize but as for D. Iohn Nugnes he continued in his rebellion and would not come to the Estates held at Burgos where there was question to treate of the kings patrimony and the reuenues of the Crowne which were greatly impaired Mahumet Aben Alhamar the third king of Granado THe Moores as I haue sayd during these garboiles Granado did fortifie themselues in Granado ouer whom raigned Mahumet Aben Alhamar the third king and third of that name by the decease of his father Mahumet Myr who at his death had left two sonnes the which raigned one after another and one daughter The younger was called Mahumet Aben-Nacar Aben-Lemin Abeadille King Mahumet during his raigne was blind by an accident his sister was married to a great kinght a Moore called Ferrachen Arraez or Captaine of Malaga who was alwaies much esteemed by the king and honoured for his vertue This Ferrachen vsurped the towne of Ceuta in Affrick and did great exploits both by sea and land He had many children by his wife who was Infant of Granado among the which were Ismael and Mahumet who raigned in Granado as we will hereafter shew This king Mahumet Aben Alhamar being blind had from his entrance continued the war by his captaines against the Christians the which had been begun in his fathers life time and tooke Bethmar and other places during the broyles in Castile Wherefore for a time he exempted himselfe of the tribute which his predecessours had payed to the kings of Castile but the king Don Fernand in the yeare 1304. hauing as hath beene sayd renewed their League and sent Fernand Gomez of Toledo his Chancelor with a Iew called Samuel to Granado to demand the tribute where they treated a truce with Mahumet whereat Mahumet was well pleased and they did agree that either should enioy the places which they had taken one from another that is the king of Castile Tariffe and the king of Granado Alcandete Quesada Bedmar and others and that the yearely tribute should be payed to the king of Castile Which Articles were signed by king Mahumet and the Ambassadors and afterwards confirmed by the king D. Fernand in the citty of Cordoua whether was sent to that end from the king of Granado an Alfagui called Mahumet This truce continued about foure yeares during the which the Moores were carefull to furnish their countrie with all things necessary to repell the inuasions of their forraine enemies yet had they troubles among themselues for Mahumet beeing growne contemptible among his subiects by reason of his blindnesse Aborrabe an audacious Moore who was Gouernour of Almery began to tyrannize and to vsurpe the title of King and although he were chased
of Knights of Christus Portugal by Buls from Pope Iohn in the yeare 1320. by the which it was receiued into the protection of the Apostolike sea of Rome Order of Christus in Portugal and the towne of Castro Marin assigned for the chiefe of this Order being neere vnto the Mores and since the content was transported to Touar The knights of this Order carry a red crosse split and opened by the foure branches with a white line so as one crosse makes two the one red the other white The election of the Master belongs to 13. persons that is the Prior the Commander maior the Treasurer the Secretary and nine Commanders The election was made euery one of these 13. giuing his voyce the which being publikely pronounced he that had most voices was chosen Master The first was D. Gil Martines who had beene Master of the militarie Order of Auis The elect is bound swearing in the Priors hands to promise to bee in fauour with the Pope and the Church of Rome and to present himselfe vnto the King to do him the homage of fealty The Commanders of this Order are the Prior the great Commander the Treasurer Secretary Commander of Arquin of Rodano Proença Olallas Castilejo Sancheyra Prucos Segura Lardoça and Derosmanichal Since there hath beene added the Commanders of S. Michel and S. Mary in the Ilands by the king Don Manuel An 1323. In the yeare 1323. the king D. Denis endowed this Order with priuiledges fit for the dignity thereof Genealogie of Portugall and the ornament of his religion The same yeare D. Beatrix wife to the Infant D. Alphonso was brought in bed of a son in the city of Coimbra who was named Peter and raigned after his Grandfather and father This king Denis was in so great esteeme among the Portugals as they haue a Prouerbe in vse at this day El Rey D. Denis que fix quanto quiz that is to say The king D. Denis who did all he would It is as well by reason of the institution of these militarie Orders as of many foundations and remembrances he left of him as the Monasterie of S. Francis of Portalegre and the Monasterie of Nuns of the Order of Cisteaux or S. Bernard of S. Denis of Odiuela a league and a halfe from Lisbone where he appointed his body should be interred and other publike workes as causeys towers castels walles fortifications and reparations of townes without number By him the new street of Lisbone so much esteemed in Portugall was made as also the castels of Serpa Moura Oliuencia Campo maior Argela and the fortresse that of Portalegre Odiana Marbar the castell of Abibe Alegrete Monches Monfort Beyros Arroyolos Hebora monte Bosba Villauiciosa Montcarraz Redondo Model Beja Geromena Sabugal Alfayates Castelrubio Villamaior Castellobon Castellomejor Almeida Castelmendo and Pinel most of the which were walled in by this king He did also wall in Braga Guimaranes Miranda of Duero with the Castell of Monçon and Carastolo He built new Muja Saluueterre Montargel Atalaya Acerceyra and many others which we will omit for breuities sake The king Don Denis spent his time and employed his treasure in such things He had some warre against Castile in fauour of the rebels and otherwise as we haue formerly related and moreouer against his owne brother whom he spoiled of his lands forcing him to retire into Castile to his wiues kindred Towards the end of his dayes there was no good agreement betwixt him and his sonne Don Alphonso for the sonne bred such a reuolt and sedition throughout the whole Realme as he was often in armes against the father and readie to giue battell neere to Coimbra Saint Iren Albaran and else-where beeing thrust on by faltterers and counsellors of iniquity which disorders Queene Izabel a Princesse full of piety Piety of the Queen Izabel did happily repaire and preuented the effusion of bloud praying continually vnto God for concord betwixt the father and sonne the which shee obtayned before the decease of the king her husband which was in the yeare 1325. hauing raigned 45. yeares An. 1325. nine moneths and 5. dayes and the 64. of his age He dyed at S. Iren and was interred in the Monasterie of S. Denis of Oduielas Death of the king D. Denis as hee had ordayned by his testament by the which he gaue 140000. lyutes of money then currant in Portugall to be distributed to poore hospitals monasteries widowes orphelins maarrying of maydens redemption of prisoners and such like at the discretion of the Queene his wife and the Executors of his testament Besides his lawfull children he had by one or by diuers concubines Don Alphonso the beginner of the family of Albuquerque Don Pedro who gaue himselfe to studie and hath compiled a Volume of the great Houses of Spayne D. Iohn and D. Fernand one daughter that was married to D. Iohn de la Cerde and one daugther a Nun. This holy Queene Izabel daughter to Don Pedro the third king of Arragon and of Donna Constance daughter to Manfroy king of Naples was married beeing but eleuen yeares old and carried her selfe so wisely and religiously as she was admired and honoured of all men she shewed in her royall estate a wonderfull humilitie and modestie shee laboured with her hands to auoyde idlenesse and what shee made shee gaue away for Gods sake wherein shee did not spare her meanes which were otherwise great fasting and prayer were her delights and she was in continuall anguish for her sins and for her peoples she serued God as she had beene instructed by gifts offerings Masses and suffrages without measure Finally she was so giuen to contemplation and to the spirit as she tooke no delight in any thing that pleased the sences shee fledde and forsooke as much as possibly shee could all royall Pallaces beeing the Magazine of delights and of peruerse affections so as the king Don Denis who was of a contrarie disposition made small account of her giuing himselfe often to vnlawfull and lustfull loues by whome hee had children the which this good and vertuous Queene caused to bee bredde vp as her owne although shee were wonderfully afflicted to see this bad course of the King her husband fearing and rightly that God would punish him for this consideration she did pray continually for his amendment which happened in the end The K. D. Denis did oft vse her roughly wherein she shewed such patience as she neuer vsed any word of complaint but only prayed to God to let him vnderstand the truth yea when she was in a maner chased from his presence and retired to her house at Alenguer by reason of the quarrels betwixt the father and the son wherof the minions of the Court layd all the blame vpon her perswading the k. that she intertayned them against all likelihood of truth Shee did wonderfully esteem the Orders of begging Friars thinking that their estate was the most perfect among the
them free with the forts in the hands of the Estates to inuest them to whom by right it should belong 10 That if they infring any of these Articles or any part of them the subiects should be quit of their oth of subiection which they ought them These Articles being promised and sworne by the King and Queene they were sollemnly crowned and the Deputies of the Estates Noblemen and Officers of the crowne tooke their oth of obedience Coronation of Philip of Eueâ—euâ— in the Cathedral chruch of Pampelone And afterwards there were orders set downe by the King and Queene for the Gouernment of the Realme the which being written were sent into France and confirmed by King Philip of Valois at Paris the same yeere of our Lord 1329. After that time the French Kings had no command in Nauarre hauing held that realme eight and fifty yeeres vnited to the crowne of France yet King Philip of Valois retained of the inheritance of his cousin the Countesse of Bry and a while after hee gaue them other lands in exchange yet not of that value Philip and Ieanne King of Nauarre had these children following Genealogy of Nauarre Charles who succeded in the realme Philip Earle of Longueuille Lewis Earle of Beaumont le Royer and afterwards Duke of Duras Ieanne married to the vicont of Rohan Mary Queene of Arragon wife to D. Pedro the ceremonious Blanche Queene of France last wife to Philip of Valois and Agnes Countesse of Foix married to Gaston Phaebus some of which were borne before their Election and some after Lewis the third sonne of this marriage was Earle of Beaumont in Normandie for that he married the heire of that house by whom he had one sonne called Charles of Beaumont who married the daughter of the Vicont of Mauleon in Nauar Beginning of the house of Beaumont in Nauarre and was the first Standard-bearer of the realm through the fauour of King Charles his vncle Of this Charles of Beaumont is descended the house of Beaumont in Nauarre After the death of the Countesse of Beaumont Lewis married Ieanne daughter and heire to the Duke of Duras vpon the coast of Macedonia towards the Adriatike sea and was intitled Duke These things being done in Nauarre King Philip being aduertised that the French King marched with a mighty army against the Flemings rebelled who had chased away Lewis their Earle and committed many insolencies against the Kings Officers both in words and deeds he parted out of Nauarre beeing loath to faile him at need who had so kindly suffered him to take possession of the Realme leauing the Queene D. Ieanne to gouerne Nauarre He was present at the battaile which King Philip of Valois gaue the Flemings at Cassel whereas twenty thousand were slaine vpon the place by meanes whereof Count Lewis was restored to his Estate and the Flemings subdued This warre being ended the King of Nauarre returned into his realme It was then that the Infant D. Alphonso de la Cerde sonne to D. Fernand eldest sonne to King D. Alphonso of the Astrologuer being ill intreated in Castille Donation made by the Infant D Alphonso de la Cerde to the Kings of Nauarre where he pretended the crowne made a donation vnto the crowne of Nauarre of the rights which he pretended in Guipuscoa Alaua Rioja and other lands the which had in former times belonged to Nauarre and were vsurped and retained by the Kings of Castille Some affirme that this donation was made in the yere of our Lord 1330. But howsoeuer King Philip desirous to do Iustice to gouerne his Realm wel which had great need and therefore was necessary to entertaine peace with his neighbours made no great account thereof at that time but sent Ambassadors to D. Alphonso then raigning in Castile Ambassadors sent from Nauarre to Castille to seeke his friendship The Ambassadors found the King at Talauera la Reyna who entertained them well Their Ambassage was that the Realme hauing many yeeres wanted the Soueraigne Magistate and in a manner abandoned by their Kings it was no wonder if many things had happened contrarie to the ancient alliances betwixt the houses of Castille and Nauarre for what did the Viceroys and Gouernors care beeing strangers hauing no resemblance of manners nor other bond of friendship with the Spaniards how all things went so as they were obeyed in the country and that they might vaunt they had rather done wrong then receiued any keeping continuall garrisons of strangers ready to commit any insolencies whereof God had some times shewed his Iudgement euen in the last incounter neere vnto Beotibar where by an extraordinary and miraculous punishmen God had chastised the negligence of the foure last Kings which had held the realme of Nauarre who had respected it so little as they had scarce looked towards it yea the two last neuer came nere it which had made the bad to grow more insolent and so to continue vntill that the lawfull heires of the crowne of Nauarre were come to their possession by the decease of King Charles the Faire Philip Earle of Eureux husband to their true Queene D. Ieanne being called to raigne who had sent this Ambassage vnto him to let him vnderstand these things as a neighbour Prince and friend with whom they desired to entertaine peace and friendship by all good offices which Princes and neighbour Estates may receiue one from an other The King D. Alphonso hauing heard this Ambassage fitted vnto the deseignes of the new Kings of Nauarre moderating the things which had past betwixt these two realms before their Election answered that hee was glad the Nauarrois had had meanes to recouer them for their Kings to whom the crowne did by right belong and that for his part he desired to entertaine a perpetuall friendship with King Philip and Queene Ieanne and to shew it by the effects in any occasion that should be offered wherewith he would acquaint his subiects to the end their Kings vassals both Nauarrois and French should be well intreated in Castille and if any wrong were done them it should bee repaired and that they should aduertise their Kings on his behalfe to doe the like in thier countries The Ambassadors returning with this answere gaue great contentment to King Philip who to administer Iustice erected a new Court of Parliament in Nauarre the which was called New to distinguish it from the Old hee and the three Estates of the realme naming men worthy of that charge The like Ambassage was sent by him into Arragon and Portugal who were returned with pleasing answers Matters beeing thus setled in a better Estate then before Ambassadors from Nauarre to Arragon and Portugal the King and Queene returned into France leauing for Gouernor a French gentleman called Henry of Guliac or of Solibert but with a more lymited power then former Viceroys and Gouernors Such was the Estate of Nauarre vnto the yeere 1331. Let vs now returne
country to the Archbishop of Saragossa Whilest that the confederate Noblemen of Castile together with the Arragonois did ruine and burne the country of Alua the King of Castile led a great power by land against Arragon by the way of Almaçan where he tooke Negasta and Torrijo During this warre D. Henry Earle of Transtamara had a sonne by his wife in the towne of Epila the which at this daie belongs to the Earle of Arande who was called Iohn and raigned in Castile Cardinal William being no longer fit to make a peace betwixt these two Princes the Pope sent Cardinal Guy of Bolonia Bishop of Portuense this yeere of our Lord 1359. who preuailed as little as the other but by hid diligence and importunate pursute he incensed the King of Castile more against the house of Arragon and his rage proceeded so farre as he condemned all the Knights of Castile that were in Arragon by proclamation Cruelty more then deuil sh of D. Pedro King of castile he caused the Queene D. Leonora his aunt to bee cruelly murthered being widow to D. Alphonso King of Arragon and hauing caused D. Ieanne of Lara the Lady of Biscay to bee transported to the castle of Almodouar del Rio and from thence to Seuile he there also caused her to be murthered such was the diuilish fury of this monster who being once moued vpon any subiect discharged his rage vpon al that came into his fantasie He did the like vnto D. Isabella of Lara widow to D. Iohn of Arragon to whom by the death of her elder sister leauing no children the Siegneurie of Biscay did belong but shee died not by the sword but by poison which this tyrant caused to be giuen her In these Ladies was extinct the succession of the ancient Lords of Biscay The season being fit for nauigation the King of Castile went out of Seuile or Saint Lucar with foure score ships and one and forty gallies and sailed towards the coast of Valence and Cattelogne he ruined the towne of Guardamar and the Castle againe and presented himselfe in view of Barcelona but the army of Arragon which was but fo forty foists and gallies hindred him from staying at any place vpon the coast and skyrmishing often with him they forced him to bend towards Iuiza and to way anchor in hast from thence and to saile towards Alicant and Carthagena and in the end to retire himselfe hauing with this great preparation done nothing of import The King of Arragon was in the meane time in the Island of Majorca being aduised not to be in his army at sea The gallies of Castille retired to Seuile and the ships of Guipuscoa Biscay and Galicia returned into their countries as for the King of Castile he went to Tordesillas to visit Donna Maria of Padilla The coast of Cattelogne and Valence was this yeere ill prouided of ships of warre for that the King of Arragon was forced to entertaine many gallies continually in the Island of Sardynia beeing still subiect to reuolts and moreouer he had sent a good number into Sicile to aide the King D. Frederic his son in law against whom Ieanne Queene of Naples made warre D. Pedro alone of that name the eight King of Portugal 8 DOn Pedro surnamed the Iusticer raigned in Portugal Portugal who had succeeded his father D. Alphonso the fourth deceased in the yeere of our Lord 1357. Hee was about seuen and thirâ—y yeeres old when hee beganne to raigne and therefore being ripe in yeeres and of a good Iudgement he gouerned his realme with great equity so as he purchased the name of Iusticer and was much vnlike in manners to the other two Kings of his time and the same name This King his father being yet lyuing was married to Blanch daughter to D. Pedro King of Castile Genealogy of Portugal sonne to d. Sancho who falling into a palsey was left by him and then he married D. Constance Manuel daughter to D. Iohn Manuel by whom he had these children following D. Lewis who liued little D. Fernand who raigned Donna Maria D. Pedros priuat marriage with Donna Agnes of Castro married in the life of D. Alphonso her Grandfather to D. Fernand Infant of Arragon sonne to the King D. Alphonso by his second wife D. Leonora of Castile D. Constance dying in the yeere of our Lord 1345. he married Donna Agnes of Castro a gentlewoman which had followed her and with whom they sayd he had familiar acquaintance during her life for she was exceeding faire amiable The Infant D. Pedro although she were somewhat allied vnto him and had christened his son D. Lewis married her secretly for feare of his father in 1354. hauing enioyed her many yeeres and the witnesses of this matrimoniall promise were D. Gil Bishop of Guardia and Stephen Louat Maister of his Wardrop whom he commanded to keepe it secret By her D. Pedro had three sonnes D. Alphonso who died in France D. Iohn and D. Denis who were afterwards expelled by their brother D. Fernand then raigning and died in Castile Of this Lady Donâ—ia Agnes was also borne one daughter called Donna Beatrix who was married to D. Sancho Earle of Albuquerque base sonne to D. Alphonso the thirteenth King of Castile This clandestine marriage being vnknowne to the King D. Alphonso father to D. Pedro and yet his loues knowne and blamed by all men it was treated of to marry him with some Princesse but hee would not heare of it wherefore the King tooke a cruell resolution to kill D. Agnes de Castro thinking he should not otherwise withdraw his sonnes loue Being come to this effect to Coimbra where this faire Lady remained Cruel massaker of D. Agnes of Castro wise to the Infant D. Pedro. whilest that the Infant D. Pedro was a hunting he caused her to be slaine by three of his gard which were Diego Lopes Pacheco Peter Cuello and Aluar Gonçales who did this execution in the old pallace of Saint Clare This death being in the yeere of our Lord 1355. made the Infant rebel against his father who with the aide of many of his friends entred the country betwixt Duero and Minio where he committed great spoile and had done more if many great personages had not labored happely to reconcile them After that he loued other Lady called D. Theresa Gallega by whom hee had one sonne called Iohn in the yeere 1357. He was first Maister of the Knights of Auiz and afterwards King after D. Fernand his brother and the same yeere 1357. died king D. Alphonso the braue D. Pedro being come to the crowne he shewed himselfe a iust Prince obseruing aboue all things the lawes and ordinances made by his father Disposition of D. Pedro King of Portugal for the ordring of his house and traine the Officers whereof were expresly forbidden not to molest his subiects especially puruoâ—ers nor to take any prouision for his house before they had paied the price
the pacifying whereof Fernando of Illesca of the Order of the preaching Friars and the Kings Confessor had laboured much but could not conclude any thing The King of Portugall falling sicke in this pallace of Cordal gaue some hope that matters would turne fauourable for Castile Portugal for his sicknesse was so violent as all men despayred of his life whereat the Queene Donna Philippe was much grieued so as shee was deliuered of her first child before her time which made them doubt shee would not haue any more but midwiues rules are not alwaies true for she had afterwards those children whereof we haue made mention Friar Fernand and others who treated a truce betwixt these two kings being not able to effect that which they pretended Exploits of the K. of Portugal in Spaine the King of Portugal being recoured he entred into Galicia and spoiled the countrie and tooke Tuy by Intelligence and Saluaterra after which spoiles the Confessor Fernand returned into Portugal and renewed the treatie where he wrought so as he yeelded to a truce for sixe yeares in the yeare 1389. 1389. by the which Tuy Saluaterra and all the Portugals had taken from Castile was yeelded By this pacification which continued long Don Iohn King of Portugal had meanes to settle him selfe in his Royaltie and wholly to exclude D. Beatrix As for the affaires of Arragon we find that before that war betwixt Castile and Portugall the king D. Pedro being very old Arragon married the fourth time with D. Sibilla widow to Artal of Fosses whom he caused to be crowned at Sarragossa in the yeare 1381. whether the Estates wer called to the effect At the which the Noblemen which had subiects that were no Gentlemen maintained that they had soueraigne power ouer them their goods and liues and that it had beene long practised in Arragon This action was begun vpon the complaints made by the Inhabitants of Anzanego against D. Pedro Sanches of Latras their Lord but it was prohibited and a sentence was giuen by way of prouision that the Noblemen shold enioy the rights which they had accustomed although they were not according to the common law or written law and although they could not shew any priuiledges bgranted vnto them in that behalfe yet should it not be lawfull for the king to draw them into question for any violence or bad vsage done vnto their subiects but the punishment of any excesse done by the superiors to their subiects should be left to God the which gaue way to infinit wickednes These Estates ended with trouble confusion for that D. Briande of Luna hauing left D. Lopes Ximenes of Vrrea her husband and married D. Lewis Cornel these two Noblemen went to armes and kept the field As for the Estate of Sardynia the Arragonois wer in a manner reduced to despaire by the Sardynians and Geneuois their adherents but if falling out that Hugh Iudge of Arborea had 〈…〉 by reason of his tyrannies beene cruelly murthered by his subiects the partie of Arragon began to be in more esteeme Brancaleon of Oria came then to Monçon to the king D. Pedro hauing a pas-port The Estates beeing there assembled he was receiued and honoured with the title of Earle of Monçon this Lord had married Leonora sister to Hugh of Arborea In the meane time the Sardynians desirous to shake off the Arragonois yoake and to submit themselues to the Geneuois held all the Ports of the Iland whereas Leonora of Arborea wife to Brancaleon ioyning with the Geneuois made her selfe head of the partie which made the king to stay Brancaleaon notwithstanding his pas-port wherupon he was sent into Sardynia and kept prisoner in the castle of Cailleri during the life of the King Don Pedro. There was another assembly of the generall Estates called at Monçon Estates in Arragon in the yeare 1383. where as the Infant D. Martin Earle of Xerica and of Luna in the name of the Estates made complaint of many concussions and violences which had beene committed throughout the Realme beeing countenanced by the Duke of Girone the kings eldest sonne and Gouernor of the Realme from whose counsell proceeded many vniust ordonances charges and exactions vppon the people by the which the Estate was decayed He sayd moreouer that some of the Dukes Councell had secret intelligence in Castile and other places yea with the Rebels of Sardynia with Lewis Duke of Anjou the Geneuois and with the enemies to the Arragonois partie in Sicily and had fauoured the attempts of the Infant of Majorca who had some yeares before made roades into Cattelogne and Arragon requiring that information might be made and the offendors punished the which the king ordayned Whereupon the Vicount of Roa Gaston of Moncade Americ Scintilla Iohn Bellera and Fernandes of Heredia Bishop of Vic were commanded to leaue the assembly being suspected the which bred great troubles and seditions and some Noblemen were chased from Court and from the Duke of Girones house who by reason therof grew in bad tearmes with the King his father and worse with the Queen D. Sibilla his mother-in-law by whom he was poursued as the king D. Pedro his father had beene by D. Leonora of Castile The marriage with this Infant D. Iohn Duke of Girone made then with Violant daugther to the Duke of Bar against his fathers liking who desired he should marry the heire of Sicily put him more into disgrace and gaue the Queen meanes to keepe him out of fauour so as the gouernment of the Realme was taken from him and for that Don Iohn Earle of Ampurias with other Noblemen were discontented the king sent to ouer-runne the territorie of Ampurias and to beseege Chastillon where the Earle was who was forced to flie by sea into Prouence The Earle of Vrgel was for the same reason poursued in hostile manner and such were the practises of Queene Sibilla as the Prince with his wife D. Violant were foeced to retire themselues farre from Court to Castelfolit where as the Bishop of Vic and the Vicounts of Lisle and Roccabertin kept him company Among other persons of the Dukes house whom the king hated was D. Constance widow to D. Francis of Perillos who was the guardien of all his secrets and of the Dutchesse Violant his wife wherefore the king did still command that she should be chased away By reason of the Duke of Girones absence from Court Queene Sibilla had meanes to giue many places and to aduance her friends yea she got a promise by oath from the chiefe townes of Arragon to defend her life and goods against the Duke who notwithstanding the king had forbidden him to meddle with the affaires carried himselfe still for Gouernor of the Realme and the King seeking to force him hee appealed to the Iustice Major of Arragon Authority of the Iustice Maior of Arragon This Magistrate beeing of great authoritie stayes all matters of fact
sent a solemne Ambassage to the French King to treat of the affaires of their Estates the chiefe Article was to require the French King to giue him certaine Poets of Prouence and Languedoc which did florish in those times in their vulgar tongue not much differing from the Cattelan whom hee receiued as a singular fauour honoured them and assigned them great pensions instituting for the loue of them schooles of their poesies And to fill vp the measure of his imperfections he had no care but to please his wife vnto whom he was wholy vowed and addicted The Generall Estates beeing assembled at Monçon the Deputies nad charge to require the seuerity of the ancient manners and the restoring of martiall discipline and that the honour of armes might bee reuiued wherevnto the King had no inclynation But aboue all Estates require reformation of the King and Queenes houses that the houses and courts of the King and Queene should bee reformed and reduced to the fashion and manner of their ancestors and that some base and vicious persons should be chased away There were certaine Articles presented against D. Carrocia of Villaragut one of the Queens Ladies in whom she wholy trusted and gaue her so great credit with the Kings as the honors offices of the realme were distributed acording to her aduice and will without reason measure or regard of merit The chiefe which sought this reformation were Don Alphonso of Arragon Marquis of Villena D. Iames his brother bishop of Tortoça D. Iames of Prages D. Bernardin of Cabrera Vicont of Lisle and Roa D. Pedro Queralt D. Iohn Bellera and Raymond of Bages against whom their banded some of the Kings Mignons so as all the realme was in combustion and armes but the Kings weakenesse was at that time profitable for it kept them from fighting and hauing graunted a safe conduct to D. Alphonso D. Lopes Ximenes of Vrrea Iohn Ximenes of Vrrea and other their complices they met with Don Martin the Kings brother had conference vpon the reformation and agreed vpon many Articles Amongst others Don Carrocia of Villaragut ws chased from the Queenes court with a prohibition neuer to conuerse with her or any of the Princes or Princesses During these contentions Bernard brother to the Earle of Armaignac entred into Cattelogne Vagabond troupes spoile Cattelogne with an infinit number of souldiars French and English who forraged and spoiled all they incountred Bernard their leader hauing no other reason but that he sought meanes to entertaine the souldiars This danger forced the King to arme and to march against these vagabond troupes whereof some being found scattered and out of order were defeated and the rest forced to repasse into Languedoc The affaires of Sardynia had beene compounded about the time of the death of the King D. Pedro so as the lands held by Marian Iudge of Arborea were restored to Leonara his daughter and Brancaleon of Oria her husband deliuered out of prison and betwixt the King of Arragon and the common weale of Genoua there was such an order set downe as the Siegneury of Genoua might not keepe nor arme any gallies but in the ports of Genoua Sauona Albenga and Porto Venere in the riuer of Genoua and the Ligustike sea and in other seas at Pera Capha Famogosta and Scio Valencia Majorca Monorca Iuiza Caillerij and Alguer so as a peace was entertained in the Island of Sardynia about the yeere of our Lord 1389. when as the marriage was accomplished betwixt D. Martin sonne to the Infant D. Martin duke of Momblanc and Mary daugther to Frederic the third King of Sicile a subiect of new warre Marriage of D. Martin with Mary the heire of Sicile by reason of the factions and partialities which were in that Island amongst the Noblemen some allowing and others disliking this marriage of their Princesse who according vnto some had beene taken out of the castle of Cattane where by the will of the deceased King her father shee was entertained in the gard of Artal of Alagon and conducted as it were by stealth into Cattelogne by them of Clermont The new Kings being come into Sicile with the duke of Momblanc who serued as a Tutor being accompanied by D. Bernard of Cabrera Don Artal of Luna allied to the King and many other Noblemen of Cattelogne Arragon and Valencia and with a good army they were receiued by them that held their party in the towne of Trapani from whence they sought to reduce the factions some by mildnesse and others by rigour The towne of Palermo was yeelded vnto him by the Earle of Modica and there they were crowned from whence they made a progresse so as they were acknowledged throughout the whole Realme yet there were often troubles renued through the naturall lightnesse of that nation This yeere 1389. died Pope Vrbain Portugal residing at Rome in whose place the Cardinalls of his faction did choose Boniface the ninth called before Peter Tomacel a priest Cardinall of the title of Saint Anastasius In the yeere of our Lord 1390. the citie of Lisbone was made an Archbishoprike by him at the request of the King D. Iohn who followed the Pope at Rome Lisbone made an Archbishoprike and not him at Auignon To it ws giuen for Suffragan the bishop of Coimbra for that time and in processe of time the church of Portalegre was made a Bishops seat by Paul the third The same yeere the King of Castile hauing assembled his Estates at Guadalajara Castille being thrust on with a continual desire to be King of Portugal wherevnto he was animated by the Queene Donna Beatrix his wife hee propounded to his councell that hee had resolued in that assembly to giue ouer the Realmes of Castile and Leon to his sonne Don Henry together with his other Lands and Siegneuries except Seuile Cordoua Iaen Murcia Estates of Castile and all the Moores frontiers reseruing also for himselfe the third part of the reuenues of the church granted vnto him by Pope Clement saying that he was aduertised that vpon this renunciation the Portugals would receiue him for their King for they had no other reason to oppose themselues and to reiect him but for that they could not endure to see the realme of Portugal vnited to that of Castile But his councel did aduise him not to doe a thing so dishonourable for himselfe and not profitable for his countrie in quitting his fathers realmes to thinke to get a strange one which was held by a resolute enemy shewing him by reasons and examples that he did hazard the losse of both and to bee a fable to the world for euer Hee did willingly heare and beleeue his councellors and supprest this desire enioyning them silence In this assembly he granted a generall pardon to all those that had offended him during the last warres except the Inhabitants of Tuy who had yeelded to D. Iohn King of Portugal and to his brother D.
warre done by him and for that he did no lesse loue learning then armes Eight and twenty daies before the death of the King Don Fernand dyed Donna Leonora Queene of Nauar his Aunt hauing beene married to King Charles her husband foureteene yeares she was buried in the Cathedrall church at Pampelona There was great mourning and heauinesse in Castile at the newes of King Fernands death Castille whose obsequies Queene Katherine caused to be celebrated with a pompe worthy of such a Prince and afterwards by the aduice of the Nobility shee tooke vppon her the sole gouernement of the realme and the tutelage of King Iohn her sonne whome shee gaue in guard to Don Iohn of Velasco D. Diego of Estuniga and to D. Sancho of Rojas Archbishop of Toledo whereat the Constable D. Ruy Lopes of Aualos D. Pedro Manrique and D. Alphonso Henriques grew very iealous whereupon there grew quarrels and troubles after the accustomed manner during the minoritie of Kings The Queene and the Councell did prolong the truce with the King of Granado for two yeares In yere 1417. Truce with Granado sending Lewis Gonçal of Luna 1417. Secretary of the Kings chamber to Granado to that end By this treatie the king of Granado set an hundred prisoners at libertie whose ransomes would haue mounted to a great summe of money D. Iohn Rodrigue of Castagneda Lord of Fouente Duegna and D. Inigo Ortiz of Estuniga sonne to Diego Lopes being in quarrell and demanding the combate the Queene would not grant it them in Castile but commanded them to retire into Granado Combats sheld not be allowed among Christians where as king Ioseph would giue them the field These Knights were put into the field by the Moorish king but he presently forbad them to fight declaring that they were both good Knights and reconciling them together he sent them home honored with Iewels and rich presents This hee did at the intreaty of the Queene-mother of Castile who had writ earnestly vnto him shewing therin to haue a mild and Christian-like heart For these combats are proofes of mad men which should not be suffered in the place of iustice seeing thereby all controuersies how great soeuer may be compounded and ended The Emperour Sigismond grieuing for the death of the king of Arragon Pope Benedict condemned by the Councell after that he had laboured in vaine to reconcile the kings of France and England who were continually in warre he passed to Constance whereas the Councell in the two and thirtith Session delcared Benedict to be periured contumacious a rebell Schismaticke and Hereticke depriuing him of his papacie which he had held almost two and thirty yeares yet he played the Pope still in Pegniscola but the Princes of Christendome in generall yeelded to the Councell notwithstanding Benedicts exclamations that seeing it was called without his authoritie Councel condemned by Pope Benedict it was not lawfull The Cardinals which were at Constance being two and twenty with thirty Electors deputed by the Councell did chuse Othon Colonne a Romane Cardinall of the title of Saint George in Velabro and named him Martin the fifth Benedict although he were abandoned by the Princes yet he continued still in his purpose keeping some Prelates vnder his obedience among which were the Cardinals Tholousa Rasan S. Angelo S. Eustace S. George and Montarragon the Archb. of Tarragone and the Bishops of Barcelona Vic Elne Girone Huesca and Tarrassone with many Abbots and other Clergimen who held him for true and lawfull Pope This yeare Iohn of Betancourt a knight of France by gift from Queene Catherine conquered the Ilands of the Canaries Conquest of the Canaries by Iohn of Betancourt and intitled himselfe King He could not take the great Canarie for all the Inhabitants of the Iland had retired themselues thither wherefore finding too great resistance he retired himselfe hauing built a fort in that of Lancerot from whence he did trafficke and drew profit form the neighbor places of lether tallow slaues and other such commodities he being dead one Menault succeeded him in whose time Pope Martin instituted an Episcopall sea in those Ilands to the which there was a certaine Monke called Friar Mendo aduanced but this king Menault hauing no great regard when there was question of profit to the soules health of the Ilanders he sold them indifferently as well the Pagans as those which had receiued Baptisme whereof the new Bishop did complaine to Queene Katherine Menault the 2 King of the Canariâ—s sels the Ilands to them of Seuile requiring her to free them of that Lord whereupon she sent Peter Barna de Campos with three ships of warre with whom Menault hauing long contended in the end by the Queenes sufferance he sold these Ilands to a Knight of Seuile called Fernando Peres in whose hands and his successors of Seuile they haue remained vnto the time of the king D. Fernand the 5. and of the Queen D. Izabella D. Diego Lopes of Estuniga Iustice maior of Castile hauing long serued King Henry the 3. Family of Estuniga comes out of Nauarre and Iohn now raigning dyed this yeare His house came out of Nauarre and was of the bloud royall as some Authors haue left in writing The yeare 1418. Queene Catherine dyed suddenly An. 1418. being fifty yeares old she was buried at Toledo in the chappell of the last kings By her death King Iohn was freed from tutors and there was a Councell established with the which he should gouerne his Realmes whose letters and expeditions should be signed on the back-side by two of his Councellors This yeare there came ambassadors to him from France to demand ayde against the English to whom they gaue hope of an army at Sea The king of Portugal did also send to confirm a perpetuall peace betwixt Castile and Portugall but there was nothing concluded at that time The English proclaimed warre against Castile whereupon the truce with Granado was prolonged for two yeares King Iohn beeing at Medina del campo was betrothed to D. Maria of Arragon his cousin daughter to the deceased king D. Fernand then hee held a Parlament when for his new accord of marriage they granted him a great subuention The same yeare mention is made of the death of Friar Vincent Ferrier of Valencia afterwards canonized a Saint by Pope Calixtus who was also of Valencia Hee that most gouerned the king at that time entring into his maioritie was Don Sancho of Rojas Arch-bishop of Toledo whereat they did murmure from which time the Estate of Castile was very turbulent The Guipuscoans and Biscayens fell to theeuing at sea without any subiect of warre euen vppon the coast of Brittany whereof D. Iohn then liuing complayned much by his ambassadours to the King of Castile who desirous to liue in peace with Christian Princes sent Fernando Peres of Ayala Gouernour of Guipuscoa to bee an arbitrator Hee with another chosen by the Duke of
commandement the Admiral and the Earle of Benauent after these light exploits returned to Areualo About that time Don Inigo Lopes of Mendoça one of the Lords of the league hauing surprized the towne of Alcala of Henares Iohn de Carillo Gouernor of Caçorla a Captaine of the Archbishop of Toledos and the Constables faction approched neere vnto the place with fiue hundred horse and one thousand two hundred foote which he laid in ambush in certaine valleys and sent some to runne in view of the towne to draw Don Inigo forth who failed not yet not with such order and strength as he ought wherefore he heâ—d him in in such sort as hauing lost most of his men himselfe being soare hurt hee could hardly recouer Alcala To recompence this losse the Infant Don Henries men did cut some of the Constables troupes in peeces in Grismonda where notwithstanding he lost Laurence d'Aualos his Chamberlaine nephew to the Constable Don Ruy Lopes d'Aualos The Infant hearing this went presently to field marching towards Toledo with sixe hundred horse ouer-running the country of Escalona thinking that the Constable would fight with him but hee stirred not finding himselfe too weake wherevpon hee sent to haue the Archbishop his brother to come and beeing ioyned together they went to charge the Infant at Torrijo who then kept himselfe within his sort and whilest that they spoiled the Country euen vnto the gates of Toledo killing men and carrying away the prey he aduertised the King of Nauarre and the other confederat Lords of his estate who parted presently from Areualo and Ontiueros with one thousand two hundred men at armes and light horse to succour him The King of Castile being much incensed against the confederates resolued to seaze vpon the lands rents and reuenues of the King of Nauarre beginning by Medina del Campo neither did the protestations and threats of the King of Nauarre and his confederates preuaile any thing to whom the King of Castile made no other answer but that they were all in armes contrary to his commandements and carried themselues as rebels Don Alphonso the fift of that name and twelfth King of Portugal DVring these tumults in Castile the realme of Portugal was not without some crosses After the death of King Edwara his sonne Don Alphonso succeeded him at the age of six years Portugal vnder the gouernment of the Queene Donna Leonora according to the Fathers testament but many townes of the realme reiecting the gouernment of a woman especially a stranger they intreated the Infant Don Pedro Duke of Coimbra that as the eldest brother among the Infants of Portugal hee would take vpon him the sole gouernment of the realme Many others more modest who would not altogether breake the will of the deceased King were of opinion that hee should gouerne with the Queene Of the first opinion were the Infants Don Henry Master of Christus and Don Iohn Maister of Saint Ieames Gouernment of a woman cause of contention Don Pedro excusing himselfe of this charge he perswaded Don Iohn to gouerne with the Queene Mother wherewith he should bee well satisfied but Don Iohn answered him freely that it was not for him who was the yongest amongst the brethren to gouerne but that hee Don Pedro and Don Henry should aduise to take the gouernment of the realme vpon them as Princes of Portugal and worthy of such a charge and that they should not suffer a strange woman to rule ouer them being an infamous thing vnworthy of the house of Portugal and preiudiciall to the realme and that they must not regard that which the deceaâ—ed King had ordained if it were found vnreasonable and vniust They that held the party of the widow Queene Donna Leouora were D. Alphonso Earle of Barcellos with his sonnes D. Diego Earle of Oren and Marquis of Valencia and D. Fernand Earle of Arrojolos and Marquis of Villauiciosa and with them the Archbishop of Lisbone whose sister D. Constance the Earle D. Alphonso had taken to his second wife D. Nugno de Goys prior of Saint Iohn and D. Alphonso Lord of Cascais who with many others their adherents who aduised the Queene not to giue ouer the gouernment in the which the King her husband had placed her vpon which quarrell the Estates of the realme were called by the Princes and Noblemen holding the chiefe dignities where by the dilligence of the Infant D. Henry there was this order taken That the Queene mother should be gouernesse of her childrens persons and of their reuenues and patrimonies estates and Offices of the Kings house and that the Infant D. Pedro should haue care of the defence of the realme and of armes and D. Fernand Earle of Arroyolos of matters belonging vnto Iustice This did nothing please the Queene being desirous to command alone wherefore the contention being greater then before they made many new assemblies of the Estates so as the last conclusion was that the Infant D. Pedro should gouerne alone the which was instantly required of all men in generall so as the Queene was wholy dispossest of the authority where of she might haue retained a good part Being thus frustrate with extreame griefe she had recourse to womanish practises complaints and accusations as well to the Noblemen of the Realme as to the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon her brethren and in the end she came sorrowfull and discontented to the King of Castile her cousin and brother in law this yeere 1441. to complaine of the Infant D. Pedro and to craue aide against him She found the king at Gomes Naharra a Borrough of Medina del Campo troubled with the quarrels of the King of Nauarre and other Noblemen against the constable so as she could not obtaine any thing It was at such time when as the King of Nauarre Castille and the confederat Lords were gone into the Realme of Toledo to succor the Infant D. Henry who hearing that the King proceeded against them with rigour repast the mountaines and came towards Medina del Campo and Olmedo townes belonging to the King of Nauarre whereof he of Castile had seized Approching neere to Medina and wasting the time in demaunds and answers they of Olmedo receiued the King of Nauarres men whose army encreasing daily he came to lodge within two bow shootes of Medina into the which the constable the Archbishop of Toledo his brother and D. Iohn of Soto Major Maister of Alcantara entred the night following with 1600. horse so as for many daies there were diuerse skirmishes amongst them in the which many good men were slaine and hurt The Queenes of Castile and Portugall sisters and the Prince D. Henry propounded certaine conditions of peace whereon there was long debate without any frute But whilest they were busie intreating and debating of these Articles the King of Nauarre who had Aluaro of Bracamont and Fernando Rejon Knights well affected to his seruice in Medina delt so with them as one
night the constable and his brother beeing in gard and not caring to goe the round themselues but relying vpon an other they gaue him entry by a place called Our Lady of Antigua The confederats army was then growne to be aboue fiue thousand men at armes and light horse Medina del Campo surprized by the confederat Lords and the Constable almost taken and a great number of foote wherefore the King of Nauarre and the confederate Lords entred furiously into the towne with these forces against the which there was no offer to make defence for the King knowing well that they had no quarrell but to the constable he commanded him his brother the maister of Alcantara and others of his faction to saue themselues by an other port opposite to that where their enemies entred wherein they shewed themselues nothing obstinate These being gon the King retired himselfe to the place of Saint Antolin without any care or trouble for them that entred who came presently to kisse his hands first the Admirall the Earle of Benauent and other Noblemen and captaines then the King of Nauarre who as a King made onely a reuerence but did not kisse his hand at which time there was no signe of discontentment but the King did looke of them all with a cheerefull countenance The constables lodging and of the rest of his faction were sackt and the Queenes of Castile and Portugall sisters did aduertise Don Gomes Guttiere of Toledo Archbishop of Seuile and his Nephew Don Fernando Aluares of Toledo Earle of Alba the first of that house which carried that title and Don Lopes of Bariento Bishop of Segobia that they should retire from Court for that they were too much affected to the Constables party the which they did the next day and all the Officers which had beene preferred vnto the King by the Constable were dismist And to make a good end of these troubles the Kings of Castile and Nauarre and the other Princes and Noblemen which were at Medina made a compromise in the hands of Mary Queene of Castile Don Henry Prince of the Asturia's the Admirall and of Don Garcia Aluares of Toledo who concluded as followeth Constable dismist the Couâ—t for six yeeres That the Constable Don Aluaro de Lunn Earle of Saint Stephens should absent himselfe from Court for the space of sixe yeeres next ensuing appointing him for his aboade his houses of Saint Martin of Val d'Eglise or Riaca That he should not write any letters to the King but concerning his owne businesse whereof hee should send a coppie vnto the Queene of Castile and to the Prince her sonne That during the said time hee should not make any league nor confederacie That all Knights which had followed him should retire to their houses and none to remaine about him but his household seruants Notwithstanding the Constable and the Archbishop of Toledo his brother might retaine for the space of thirty daies after notice giuen them of this sentence either of them fifty men at armes And for the execution thereof the Constable should leaue in deposito the castles of St. Stephen Aillon Maderuelo Ganga Rojas Maqueda Montalban Castle of Bayuela and Escalona which places should remaine during the said sixe yeeres in the custody of certaine Knights And for a greater caution the Constable should deliuer Don Iohn de Luna his sonne and heire in hostage to the Earle of Benauent during the said time That after the Constable should haue accomplished the aboue mentioned conditions the townes and places which the confederats held belonging vnto the King should be yeelded vp and the garrisons depart That the King should restore priuate men to their goods honours and dignities whereof hee had depriued them by reason of these troubles All guifts and grants made by the King since the first of September in the yeere 1438. vnto this present yeere 1441. should be reuoked and held for voide except to certaine persons of respect That all that were partisans to the Constable should be put out of the Kings councell who should be named by the King of Nauarre the Earles of Ledesma and Beneuent Inigo Lopes of Mendoça and Ruy Diaz of Mendoça That all souldiars should presently retire and no longer hold the field That the King of Castile should recompence him of Nauarre for the losses he had sustained in his lands in Castile during the seditions and that he should pay the souldiars which the King of Nauarre and his partisans had brought by reason thereof These with some other Articles were concluded the third of Iuly this yeere 1441. and were confirmed by the king of Castile thinking thereby to end the confusions whereinto he like a yong Prince had plunged his Estate by fauoring and supporting his mignon to much who was both indiscreet and insolent to the contempt of the Princes of his bloud and the chiefe Noblemen of the Kingdome who notwithstanding vnder collour of prouiding for the publike good tended all to their priuate Soone after the King beeing at Castro Xeris the Licentiate Alphonso Ruis of Villena came vnto him with procuration from the Constable who allowed and accepted of the sentence requiring to haue men sent to receiue the hostages After all this the Kings went to Burgos where they spent some time in feasts and sports and to auoide all iealousie which might cause troubles and diuisions amongst the Noblemen they made an accord amongst them that not any one should affect to be more familiar with the King then an other notwithstanding the Admirall D. Frederic began to be very gracious with the King of Castile nor without iealousie of the King of Nauarre who would willingly haue raised some stirs after the accustomed manner but his impaciency was restrained by the Earle of Castro his ancient and faithfull seruant who gaue him to vnderstand that it must needs redound to his proffit and of other Noblemen of the league And to make a stricter bonde hee aduised him seeing that Queene Blanche his wife was newly deceased to marry D. Ioane the Admirals daughter and he propounded vnto him an other marriage betwixt the Infant D. Henry his brother and D. Beatrice daughter to D. Roderigo Alphonso Pimentel Earle of Benauent these Noblemen still practising the Constables ruine which in the end they saw Blanch Queene of Nauarre after that she had conducted her daughter to the Prince of the Asturia's into Castile Nauarre she parted no more thence In the absence of the King her husband and hers D. Charles their sonne gouerned the Realme of Nauarre being assisted by good councell She was a religious Princesse and much giuen to deuotion and pilgrimages Death of D. Bâ—anch Queen of Nauarre especially to places dedicated to the Virgin Mary whether shee made some voiages during the aboue mentioned troubles wherein spending her time it happened that she died at Santa Maria de Nieua in the yeere 1442. It is doubtfull amongst the Spaniards where her body was
the confederate Lords of Castile who retired home to their houses to settle their affaires but the King of Castile pursued them with all rigour of Iustice causing them to be proclaymed Rebels and forfeiting their lands to the crown without respect of any Condemnations against the confederates yet the Prince D. Henry laboured so as the Admirall was put out of the roule of them that were condemned but not without difficultie In the castell of Medina of Rio. secco was Donna Theresa of Quignones with Donna Ioane wife to the King of Nauarre The king being come thither he receiued the place and vsed the Ladies gratiously by the Princes intercession who preserued the Admirals goods estates and family vppon condition that he should return to the kings seruice within foure moneths notwithstanding Queene Ioane remayned in the king of Castiles power and the League against the Constable was so dispersed as there was not any towne or castle but was yeelded vp into the kings power nor any man of name that durst oppose himselfe but some retired into Nauarre and others into remote places and little frequented by the Court The Admirall the Earle of Benauent Don Diego Manrique Gouernour of Leon Don Pedro of Quignones and Iohn Tobar went towards Nauarre by reason wherof the King fearing some enterprise of that side came to Burgos Don Aluâ—ro de Luna the Constable beeing freed from so great enemies Constable restored to fauor made Master of S. Iames. grew to be in greater credite then euer and whereas he had been but administrator of Saint Iames he was made Master of that Order which honors were but baytes of misfortune which did follow him to plunge him in extreme miserie He entertayned friendship with the Princes of Portugall as his last refuge and in the time of this warre had procured for the king of Castile a succour of 1600. horse and two thousand foote the which Don Pedro the third Constable of Portugal sonne to the Infant Don Pedro Regent of the Realme a young Prince but seuenteene yeares old brought to Majorga after the battell where they were receiued and feasted with great ioy but for that there was no vse for them they were sent backe payed and well satisfied In this voyage the Constable treated with the Portugals to haue the King his master whose Queene was dead fiue moneths before to marrie with Donna Izabella daughter to the Infant D. Iohn deceased Beginning of the kings hatred against the Constable who had beene Master of Saint Iames in Portugall wherwith he had not made the king in any sort acquainted so much hee presumed of the power he had ouer him This marriage with some other things were afterwards the cause that the King did hate him mortally This Prince D. Henry and many other knights considering how great a losse it wold be if so many great Lords and worthie men should be estranged from Castile they delt so with the king who of himselfe was patient and tractable as they obtained a generall pardon for all such as had carried armes with the King of Nauarre vnto the which these Articles following were annexed That a pardon was granted to the Admirall Pardon granted to the confederates fled into Nauarre and other places who should returne into Castile when he had leaue from the king and should retire vnto the tower of Lobaton in the which and the limits thereof he should remaine confined two yeares The Earle of Benauent had the like sentence to remaine in his house at Benauent two yeares and that he should take into his charge and guard Donna Ioane Queene of Nature and not suffer her after the two yeares expired to depart without the kings commandement and the consent of Prince Henry and after that the Earle himselfe and that the Admirall had taken an oath of fealty vnto the king to serue him against all men according to the lawes of Castile These things beeing thus concluded the King being at Burgos he gaue the title of Marquis of Santillana to Don Inigo Lopes of Mendoça for his good and acceptable seruice to Don Iohn de Pacheco in fauour of the Prince the title of Marquis of Villena the gouernement of the castle of Burgos held till that time by the Earle of Plaisance was giuen to Iohn of Luxan Not onely the king of Nauarre but his sonne the Prince Don Charles yea Don Alphonso of Arragon Master of Calatraua lost at this time all they had in Castile Don Pedro Giron brother to Don Iohn de Pacheco was made Master of Calatraua by the king being at Auila and Don Alphonso who was retired into Nauarre with his father depriued thereof yet D. Iohn Ramires of Guzaman great Commander of the Order tooke vpon him the title of Master against D. Pedro Giron which contention was afterwards reconciled by the Princes authority and others In the meane time they did write out of Murcia to the king Granado that they suspected the Moores would make some attempt wherefore it was necessarie to prouide for that fronter but it was a brute without effect for that King Mahumet Aben-Azar then raigning was forced to defend himselfe in his owne Realme against another called Mahumet Aben Ozmen called Coxo his nephew who had rebelled against him to depriue him of his Realme as he did hauing intelligence with many Morish Knights of Grando by whose meanes he seized of the citty and of Alhambra and tooke King Mahumet his vncle who at that time lost his Realme beeing the third time and neuer recouered it more in the yeare one thousand foure hundred forty and fiue hauing raigned thirteene yeares and three moneths The King of Castile went into Extremadura Castile and forced D. Fernand of Aualos sonne to the sometimes Constable D. Ruy Lopes of Aualos to yeeld him vp the fort of Albuquerque and others which had belonged to the Infant D. Henry in consideration of some recompence which the deceased Infant his Master did owe him The king beeing at Toledo he tooke the Gouernement of the cittie from Pero Lopes of Ayala who was a partisan to the King of Nauarre and gaue it to Pedro Sarmiento There were many complaints made by the Officers and lesser Magistrates of the cittie the which the king dissembled for that the Prince fauoured him and was much discontented for that hee was put from his gouernement of Toledo In the meane time the King of Nauarre who was also as Regent in Arragon in the absence of King Alphonso his brother prouided money and all other meanes to renue the watre in Castile whereas hee yet held two strong places Atiença and Torrijo and by the meanes of Gaston Earle of Foix his sonne-in-law who had married D. Leonora his second daughter to whom afterwards the succession of the realme of Nauarre fell he pretended to draw so me great succours out of France In Atiença Roderigo of Rebolledo was Gouernor with a garrison of two
hundred horse and foure hundred foot who by their continuall courses held the country for many leagues round about in continuall alarme killing burning and carrying away all they incountred whereof there came daily complaints vnto the king of Castiles eares wherefore there were some troupes of horse sent to restraine their courses vntill there might bee a sufficient armie raised to beseege the place and the better to attend his warre the King reconciled certaine pettie quarrels which the Prince his sonne did cause and he granted libertie to the Admirall and Earle of Benauent for their persons restoring them to their Lands and Estates freely and moreoueer he suffered that Queene Ioane wife to the king of Nauarre should be deliuered into her fathers hands and kept by him vntill that the king of Castile should determine of her deliuerie to the king her husband D. Diego Gomes of Sandoual was also pardoned the King retayning his forts still for two yeares the like pardon was granted to his sonnes and to D. Iohn of Tobar Lord of Berlanga the fort of Berlanga did also remaine two yeares in the kings hands These things beeing thus ordered Siege of Atiensa the king went in person to the siege of Atiença the which was furiously battered and assayled with engins of warre and also with some iron Ordinance for the casting of brasse Ordinance was not then vsed in Spaine so as Roderigâ— of Rebolledo Captaine of the Garrison seeing himselfe thus prest gaue the King of Nauarre to vnderstand that if he were not releeued he could not hold it long wherupon the king of Nauarre who was not in case to rayse the seege sent to propound some meanes of a truce with him of Castile the which was granted vpon condition that the townes of Atiença and Torrijo should be deliuered into the hands of Mary Queene of Arragon for a certaine time limited during the which they should conferre of the meanes to make a good peace betwixt the two kings and if their quarrels could bee determined then the Queene should restore those two places to her brother-in-lawe the king of Nauarre All hostility ceasing by this meanes Choler of the King of Castile the king entred into Atiença whereas mooued by some vnknowne occasion without regard of that which had beene capitulated hee caused some houses to bee sacked and ruined and others to be consumed with fire so as a good part of the towne was burnt whereat the King of Nauarre was much offended and would no more stand to the accord nor deliuer the Castles and places to the Queene of Arragon reproching the King that he had broken his promise and giuing commandement to his souldiers that they should vse all acts of hostilitie and commit what spoiles they could in Castile the which they did and with such excesse as the king of Castile sent backe in the yeare 1446. 1446. Don Charles of Areillan Lord of los Cameros a great and famous Captaine to suppresse the robberies and insolencies of the Nauarrois in Atiença and against them of Torrijo Don Alphonso Carillo of Acugna newly made Arch-bishop of Toledo by the death of Don Guttiere Gomes of Toledo either of them hauing three hundred Lances but they of Torrijo made no great esteeme of the Arch-bishop nor of his followers making roades daily into the countrey and bringing great booties into their forts They of Atiença were held more short and curbed by Charles of Areillan The Arch-bishop hauing beene often beaten by the Nauarrois and lost many of his men the King commaunded Don Inigo Lopes of Mendoça that taking the Arch-bishoppes forces Torriio biseeged with some new that were assigned him he should continue the seege of Torrijo the yeare 1447. beeing well aduanced The seege was long notwithstanding that the towne was battered both with Arâ—illerie and Engines for Iohn de Puelles who defended it was a valiant and couragious Captaine and of great experience yet the continuance did so tyre him as finding daily the want of men victuals and other necessarie munition to endure a seege and beeing out of hope of succours from the king of Nauarre hee resolued to yeeld vp the place vppon very honorable conditions and retired his men and baggage safe into Arragon the towne and castle of Atiença remayning still in the power of the Nauarrois who in despight of Charles of Areillan issued forth and spoiled the country and moreouer they tooke Pegna of Alcaçar a fort in the territory of Soria from whence they did forrage and carry away aboundance of cattaile and other things which they sent to sell in Arragon where they had a safe retreat as in a country belonging to their Princes brother who was then at Naples well aduertised to his great griefe of all the troubles of Castile and the successe thereof doing what hee could to pacefie them both by letters and Ambassage yet fauoring his brother D. Iohn King of Nauarre This yeere 1447. Second marriage of Don Iohn King of Castile the King of Castile was married at Madrigall to D. Isabella daughter to the Infant D. Iohn of Portugal Maister of Saint Iames who was sonne to the King D. Iohn who was maister of Auiz This marriage was the Constables ruine the Queene being his enemy The King of Nauarre being come to the Estates of Arragon which were held at Saragossa at that time there to preside as Gouernor Generall in the absence of the King his brother he was sommoned by Doctor Surban and a Prouost of the Court sent Ambassadours from the King of Castile to deliuer vp Atiença as it had beene concluded which Ambassadours complayned to the Estates that they that spoiled the countrie of Castile had their retreat into Arragon whereunto answer was made that they would send an answer to the King of Castile by expresse Ambassadours and soone after they dispatched Don Iames de Luna Bishop of Tarrassone and Don Iohn of Ixar who found the king at Soria hauing charge to treat of a peace betwixt the two kings The King of Castile appointed them to follow him to Vailledolit whether he was prest to go the which they would not do and so they returned to Sarragossa without any conclusion In the meane time the Captaine who had suffered Pegna of Alcaçar to be surprized beeing ashamed to shew himselfe before the King by reason of his error hee sought to repaire it and surprized the fort of Verdejo in Arragon the which he gaue to the king his master who hauing set good garrisons vppon the fronters of Arragon hee went in great hast to Vailledolit This yeare dyed Pope Eugenius the fourth at Rome Amadeus of Sauoy called Pope Felix who had bin condemned by the Councell of Basill and in his place Amadeus D. of Sauoy was chosen who at that time was Deane of Saint Maurice of the congregation of Saint Augustin the hermitage of Ripaille in the Diocesse of Geneua who carried himselfe as Pope all
to the Lords of the League to admonish them to desist from their wicked practises and to submit themselues to the Kings obedience the confederates answered that they would send some man of authoritie to the king and soon after they did write to the Arch-bishop of Seuil intreating him to come to Auila to treate vpon the meanes of agreement The citty of Burgos yeelds to the king who with the Kings good liking went vnto them In the meane season the citty of Burgos by the meanes of Pedro of Velasco returned to the Kings obedience It was concluded in Areualo that the Confederates should intreat the king that the Infanta Izabella might be sworne vnto and acknowledged Princesse and heire of his kingdomes all other oathes made to the contrarie notwithstanding Which beeing done euery of them would willingly obey him these things beeing related at Madrid by the Arch-bishop of Siuill the King called a Councell thereupon where the opinions were diuers some affecting Donna Ioane whom the King still called his daughter but the Lord Steward Andrew de Cabrera could so well ioyne reason to his opinion as it was resolued to graunt what the Confederates requested then did they set downe these Articles That the Infanta Donna Izabella should bee declared Princesse of the Asturia's Aâ—ticles of 〈◊〉 agreed vpon and sworne vnto as eldest heire to the Kingdomes of Castile and Leon That pardon should bee graunted to the Master of Saint Iames and to the other Lords his Confederates for whatsoeuer they had committed against his royall Maiestie and free and safe accesse should be giuen them to come to Court with restitution of all that had been taken from them That the King within foure moneths after should send backe his wife Queen Ioan and Donna Ioane his daughter into Portugall and to be diuorced from her by the Popes authoritie and that the citties of Auila Vbeda with the townes of Medina del campo Olmedo and Escalona and the Lord-ship of Molina should be giuen to the Princesse Donna Izabella who might not marrie with any one without the consent of King Henry her brother The Lords of Mendoza not callâ—d to the councelâ— of pâ—ace whereunto she did sweare Into this councell were not admitted the Marquis of Santillana nor his brother the Bishoppe of Siguença who were come to court to kisse the Kings hand vppon the newes of the death of the Infant Don Alphonso for they fauoured and much respected Donna Ioane who was resident in the Castle of Buytrago vnder the keeping of the Marquis therefore they returned male-content to Guadalajara The Queene remayning in the Castle of Alaejos vnder the power of the Arch bishop of Seuille as hath beene sayd before became enamoured on a young man Queene Ioanes dishmest life who had charge to keepe her and as some say hee was the Bishoppes nephew called Pedro by whome in time shee had two children namely Don Fernand and Don Apostol who were brought vp in the Cittie of Tolâ—â—o in the Monasterie of Saint Dominick the royal by the Abbesse of the house who was Aunt to their father Don Pedro and it is reported that the King hauing notice thereof caused Don Pedro to be taken to the end to punish him as he had deserued but that the Queene shed so many teares as shee saued his life and begged him of the king who in those matters was the most carelesse person liuing Now these Lords of the house of Mendoza beeing departed discontented from the Court thinking themselues to be disgraced and on the other side fauouring Donna Ioane it happened that the Queene hauing secret intelligence with certaine of her guard within and without with Don Lewis Hurtado of Mendoza sonne to Ruy Diaz escaped from the Castle of Alaejos causing hir selfe to bee let downe in a basket from the Castle walles but the rope beeing too short and those which let her downe thinking that shee had beene neere to the ground did let her fall a good height so as shee hurt her face and one of her feete indangering also her life neuerthelesse Don Lewis who was at the foote of the wall tooke her vp and layed her in a litter standing there readie for the same purpose and so brought her away the next day to the Castle of Buytrago where her daughter remayned who was called all ouer Spayne La Bertraneja because shee was reputed and supposed to bee the daughter of Bertrand de la Cueua Duke of Albuquerque The Arch-bishoppe of Seuille thought himselfe highly wronged by the violent and fraudulent deliuerie of the Queene therefore hee hastily perswaded and procured the agreement to the Articles aboue-mentioned and there was a place appoynted and determined Donna Izabeâ—a â—eclared Princesse and heire of Castille where the parties should meete betweene Zebreros and Cadahalso at a place called La venta du Tor de Guisando neere to a Monasterie of Saint Hierome the Arch-bishoppe beeing much displeased and discontented with the Queene These met at Cadahalso vppon the day appoynted and set downe the King the Arch-bishop of Seuille the Earles of Playsance Benauent and Miranda together with others of the Councell on the one side and the Infanta Donna Izabella with the Confederates mette at Zebreros the chiefe of whome were Don Alphonso Carillo Arch-bishoppe of Toledo Don Lewis of Acugna Bishoppe of Burgos Don Inigo Manrique Bishop of Coria and the Master of Saint Iames Don Iohn de Pacheco euery one of these on the nineteenth day of September the same yeare one thousand foure hundred sixtie eight in the presence of the Popes Legate Antonio de Veneris who afterward was Cardinall with great solemnitie in the place aboue-mentioned tooke the oath of allegeance and obedience to the King and then they did sweare to and declare the Infanta Donna Izabella Princesse of the Asturia's and eldest lawfull heire to the kingdomes of Castile and Leon with all the dependances reuenues and lands annexed and ioyned thereunto the Legate Apostolicke dispensing and absoluing all contrarie oathes which had beene made in that nature before and confirming the present Great numbers and multitudes of people came running ioyfully and with wonderfull applause from all parts of the Country to this sollemmâ—tie hoping that peace and quietnesse should be established and planted in Spayne and that all factions and oppositions of outragious and ciuill warres ceassing Iustice should euery where flourish That beeing done and finished the king with the Princesse his sister and the reconciled Lords came to Cadahalso the Arch bishoppe of Toledo excepted whose mind beeing not at quiet returned to Zebreto with the Bishoppes of Burgos and Coria The King passing on left his sister the Princesse and the whole Court at Casa Rubias and went with the Master of Saint Iames to Pard and to Rascafria beeing come thither hee caused Pedro Arrias of Auila together with the bishoppe his brother to leaue the cittie of Segouia which greatly mooued and discontented them the
of Medellin who till then had beene kept vnder the power of the Earle of Cifuentes shee sent her brother Don Francisco of Estuniga accompanied with those of the family of Chaues of Trugillo with a great company of souldiers to make reprisall of these Ladies for certaine prisoners Kinsfolks and friends of the Chaues who were kept by the Countesse of Medellin wherfore Don Francisco hauing ouertaken them at Guadalupa D. Alphonso Ponce who conducted them thought to get the franchise of the Monasterie of Guadalupa where hee was beseeged and the Ladies with those that conducted them and the Monkes of the same place did suffer many outrages notwithstanding that the King thought to remedy the matter by sending thither the Licenciate Don Henriques who could do no good in the end Don Francisco of Estuniga and his people hauing broken vp the gates of the Couent enforced Don Alphonso to yeeld himselfe and to deliuer the Ladies into his hands whom they ledde away with them Now the marriage beeing concluded betwixt Donna Ioane and the Duke of Guienne to the great discontent of diuers Spaniards the King and the Ambassadours went to Segobia Conclusion of the marriage betwixt Charls Duke of Guien and D. Ioane there to receiue Donna Ioane who was at Guadalajara and also to apply to themselues the pardons of the Iubile which the Pope graunted this yeare vnto such as would giue money for them to wit the richer sort foure royals of plate those of the meaner sort three and the meanest of all two the third part whereof was to bee applyed to the sea of Rome and chamber Apostolicke and the other two thirds towards the building of the Cloister of the great Church of the same cittie whereunto the King furnished aboundantly to that which was wanting and gaue vnto it certaine Coapes of cloath of gold The townes of the Infanâ—asgo giuen to the Marquis of Santillana Donna Ioane was in the keeping of the Marquis of Santillana who in recompence of his paynes and cost bestowed about her entertainment receiued in gift from the King the three townes of the Infantasgo namely Alcoçer Valdoliuas and Salmeron the which did belong to the Countesse of Saint Steephen wife to Don Diego Lopes de Pacheco Marquis of Villena but shee was recompenced foure fold for the King gaue her the towne of Requegna with the rights of the port thereof the Master of Saint Iames father to the Marquis beeing hee that did order and dispose of all matters after his owne pleasure and proâ—ite There arose about the same time a great tumult in Vailliodolit betwixt the old and new Christians the old beeing fauoured and vpheld by Iohn de Biuero a rich Cittizen of the same towne and very affectionate to the seruice of the Princes Don Fernand and Donna Izabella who vppon this occasion came from Duegnas where they remayned to Vailliodolit and were lodged in Iohn de Biuero's house the which did so stirre vp the mutinous people as they came running in armes to force that house the Princes were in danger to haue beene taken if the Bishop of Salamanca who was President of the Chancerie had not suddainly put them out of the towne and caused them to returne to Duegnas The King hauing notice of this tumult came to Vailliodolit confiscated Iohn de Biuero's house and gaue it to the Earle of Benauent with the Captaine-ship of the towne and hauing pacified the people he returned to Segobia where his chiefest and most pleasing aboad was the fortresse of the which place held for a certaine time by the Master of Saint Iames was a little while before yeelded vp vnto him where hee made Andrew de Cabrera Captaine Certaine dayes after the King remooued from Segobia and came to lye in the Monasterie of Paular in the valley of Loçoia bringing with him his wife Queene Ioane D. Ioane her daughter the French Ambassadours and others the Duke of Areualo and Valence the Master of Saint Iames the Earles of Benauent Miranda S. Martha the Arch-bishop of Seuile with many other Lords Knights and Prelates but the Lords of the house of Mendoza did chiefly accompany the Queene and her daughter namely the Marquis of Santillana the Bishop of Siguença the Earles of Tendilla and Crugna and Don Iohn Hurtado the which Lords and Ambassadours beeing by the Kings commandement assembled in an open field vpon the banke of the riuer which runneth thorough the same valley where from all parts of the Countrie great numbers of people of all sorts were gathered together The Licentiate Antonio Nugnes of Cité Rodrigo was commaunded by the king to reade a writing signed with his hand and sealed with his seale contayning in substance that whereas he in times past at the intreatie and request of the great Lords of his kingdome and for to pacifie the troubles and ciuil warres of the same had declared his sister Donna Izabella his heire and successor in the State and royall dignitie of Castile and procured the Lords Prelates and Communalties of the kingdome to sweare vnto her vppon condition that she should be obedient vnto him she notwithstanding reiecting all respect and duty due vnto him who was her king father and elder brother had married her selfe without his knowledge and against his expresse commandement to Don Fernand king of Sicill and Prince of Arragon in regard whereof hee did at that present manifest and declare her to be fallen from all the right which shee might pretend thereunto and did disinherit her disanulling all promises declarations and institutions made vnto her in that behalfe commanding all his subiects that from thence forward they should not acknowledge her for Princesse but obey with a follemne oath his daughter Donna Ioane there present This writing beeing read openly with a loud voice the Cardinall of Albi the French Ambassadour came to the Queene requesting her to affirme by oath whether Donna Ioane were truly the daughter of the king her husband or not whereunto she answered King Henry of Castile his false oath that vndoubtedly she was then he made the like request to the king namely whether he did stedfastly beleeue that Donna Ioane there present were his daughter the which he affirmed saying that he had alwaies reputed and accounted her for his owne naturall daughter euer since shee was borne then presently the Prelates Lords and others which were present at that act came and kissed the Infanta's hands and following the Kings commaundement The Lords of Mendoza refuse to kisse the hands of D. Ioane they tooke the oath of fidelity vnto her after the manner accustomed to the eldest sonnes of the kings of Castile all of them calling her Princesse and heire the Marquis of Santillana the Bishopp of Siguença and his other breethren excepted who excused themselues saying that they had alreadie at another time taken the same oth which was not now needfull to be reiterated After these things the Earle of Bologne hauing
exhibited the authoritie which hee had from the Duke of Guienne the Cardinall tooke Donna Ioane and the Earle by the hands and betrothed them with all the vsuall ceremonies and sollemnities and then the drummes and trumpets sounded and all sorts of signes of ioy and gladnesse were made by the assistants This done the Ambassadours returned to Segobia where by the way they were so beaten with a violent tempest of wind raine and hayle as they were in danger of their liues and diuers of their traine perished which was an euident token that the miseries of Spayne were not yet at an end From Segobia the King caused the Bishop of Siguença to accompany them to Burgos The Duke of Guienne his death breakes this marriage from whence they returned highly contented to France but the Duke of Guienne his death who liued in continuall discord with his brother king Lewis hindred the accomplishment of this marriage The Arch-bishop of Toledo was then at home in his house New troubles by the Arch-bishop of Toledos meanes contriuing of new trobles and held the party contrarie to the Master of S. Iames who did wholly possesse the King to the great indignation of the great Lords who vppon that occasion left the Court and retired themselues home to their houses the kingdome beeing opprest with miseries plagues famines murthers and falshood in all things especially in mony to the great hurt of the people who wanted the administration of iustice Basco de Contreras one of the Kings captaines had taken the fortresse of Perales from this Arch-bishop the which caused new troubles for the Arch-bishop beeing desirous to recouer it assembled forces and came and beseeged it the King on the other side sent him commandement to withdraw his souldiers threatning if he refused to fall vppon him and his and was already come to Madrid with troupes of horse and foote The Arch-bishop perceyuing himselfe inferiour in strength obeyed the Kings commandement and brought backe his people to Alcala The Princes Don Fernand and D. Izabella remayned at Duegas beeing counselled and fauoured in all things by the Arch-bishop of Toledo and his faithful companion Don Iohn of Arias Bishop of Segobia Proceedings against the Archb of Toledo by reason whereof the King complayned to the Pope by his Ambassadour resident at Rome of both these Prelates accusing them of committing many things to the preiudice and contempt of his royall Crowne The Pope vnderstanding so much sent to the Bishop of Segobia commanding him within the terme of ninety dayes to make his personall appearance at Rome And hee appoynted that the Lords of the Kings Councell should cause the Arch-bishop to be summoned and exhorted by foure Channons according to the forme of law to returne to the obedience due vnto the king which if he should refuse to do they should then thunder out his processe and send it to Rome that the Pope might see it to the end to proceede against him and chastise him as a rebellious Prelate The Popes Briefe beeing declared in the Chapter-house of Toledo there came to the Court at Madrid Fernand Peres of Ayala bastard-brother to Pero Lopes of Ayala who had beene Earle of Fuençalida Diego del Gadillo Marco Dias and Don Francisco of Palencia Prior of Arrochio Chanons of the same church who hauing shewed to the King how highly their Prelates disobedience did displease not onely them but the whole Chapter they offered themselues to performe whatsoeuer the Kings Councell should thinke fit to bee done for his seruice and for reducing the Arch-bishop to his duty to his royall Maiestie Now because the King and his trayne were at that time in the Diocesse of Toledo and fearing the Archbishops censures and interdictions they defended themselues with an appeale putting themselues vnder the protection of the Sea Apostolicke and then a Knight and a Doctor was sent to giue the Arch-bishop notice of the Briefe and to commaund him to returne to the Kings seruice and to abandon the Princes whom the King desired to chase out of the Realme The Arch-bishop excused himselfe and answered that heretofore by the Kings commaundement he had sworne to the Princesse Donna Izabella as to the eldest heire of the Crowne therefore he could not acknowledge any other but her and he besought the king to deale no farther in that businesse because such was his determinate will and purpose The King vnderstanding this answer commanded to proceed against the Arch-bishop with all rigour but the Master of Saint Iames who managed the affaires with more cunning was of a contrarie opinion he aduised the King to send the Licentiate Diego Henriques vnto him to offer him if he would adhere to the Kings partie and forsake the Princesse three thousand tennants and two forts for his two sons Troilo Carillo of Acugna and Lope Vasques of Acugna The Arch-bishop reiected these temptations and would by no meanes forsake the Princesse seruice This notwithstanding the Master caused all proceedings against her to cease and the foure Channons were sent backe to Toledo discontented enough three of them were taken by the way and brought to Torrejon de Velasco by Pero Arias of Auila who by the Arch-bishops commandement lay in ambush to surprise them Fernand Peres of Ayala onely saued himselfe in Canales The King beeing very much displeased herewith sent diuers horse-men to field who tooke diuers friends and seruants of the Arch-bishops and among others Don Diego of Gueuara a Channon of Toledo in exchange of whome the three Chanons were deliuered And so the matter passed on betwixt the King and the Arch-bishop for that time In the meane time the Master of Saint Iames intending his owne profite and beeing assured of his credit and power had taken the cittie of Alcaraz which imported him very much beeing neere to his Marquisat of Villena and was easily confirmed in the possession and reuenue of the same by the King Disorders in the gouernement of Castile which discontented diuers for by his example the Earle of Benauent seized vpon Villalua and deposing Pero Nugno from his office of Merin major of the cittie of Valliodolit he gaue it to his brother Don Pedro Pimentell It was then an ordinarie tricke in Spayn for those that were able to seize vpon any place to do it without caring for robberies murthers and other hainous crimes which they by such attempts affoorded matter and occasion too beeing assured that if they had any little fauour in Court to possesse their booties without controule It happened euen so to the Earle of Arcos Don Rodrigo Ponce of Leon who hauing taken during the furies of the League the cittie of Cales he obtayned the same in full proprietie with title of Marquis therof by the meanes and furtherance of the Master of Saint Iames his father-in-law If two Lords were at strife without any respect of the Royall Maiestie they would strike vp the drumme and raise forces to ruine one another
Iames died of a canker at Segobia and it is reported that shee beeing a wise and vertuous Lady did greatly reprooue her husbands extreame ambition and that at her death she made him sundrie remonstrances which tended greatly to his honour and commoditie and the preseruation of his house shee did greatly aduise him to maintaine the King in his honour and reputation towards whome hee had insolently behaued himselfe and most commonly without respect to the great griefe of all the great Lords of Spaine whereuppon the Master made her many faire promises of amendment which after her death were soone forgotten therefore considering with himselfe that hee was now a widdower and badly beloued he thought it expedient for him and greatly profitable for his affaires in hand Master of S. Iames allyes himselfe with the house of Velasco to marrie againe and to strengthen himselfe with some good allyance wherefore he bended his thoughts vppon the houses of Mendoza and Velasco rich and mightie families the chiefe of which hee hauing sounded and practised there was a meeting betwixt Segobia and Pedraza by the Bishoppes of Siguença Palença and Burgos the Earles of Haro Medina Celi and the Master who agreed vpon a marriage betwixt the sayd Master and the Earle of Haros daughter wherewith the king was well pleased The marriage was afterward sollemnized at Pegnafiell a place belonging to the Earle of Vregna who was Nephew to the Master By this allyance the Bishop of Siguença was pacifyed came to Court and had promise of the Kings fauour for his obtayning of a Cardinals hat whereon he dreamed day and night from Pope Sixtus the fourth newly elected who was borne in Sauona of the family of Rouero a Friar and Cardinal of the title of Saint Peter ad vincula whose Legate Roderigo Borgia Bishop of Albi and Cardinall of the title of S. Nicholas in carcere Tulliano Rodrigo Borgia Cardinal◠Vice-chancellour of the sea of Rome who afterward was Pope came this yeare 1471. into Spayne where hee was receiued at Madrid by King Henry with all the honour and submission that a seruant or an obedient sonne could vse towards his superiour and father as also in all places as hee came by the way as soone as he was entred into Castile especially when hee arriued in the territories belonging to the Mastershippe of Saint Iames hee went vnder a rich canopie the King beeing on his left hand yet a little behind him Hauing then declared his legation and shewed his faculties which were to visit the Kingdome of Castile and the Isles neere adiacent to ordayne what was necessarie for the Church of Rome the King shewing himselfe very obedient and willing hee deputed the Licenciate Diego Henriques his Chronicler Chaplaine and Councellour to accompanie and conferre with him about these matters At the intreatie of the King and the Master of Saint Iames the Legate dispatched a message to Rome for the Bishoppe of Siguença's hatte An. 1472. this was in the yeare one thousand foure hundred seuenty two When the Court and the Legate came to Segobia there was made a generall assembly of the Commissioners of euery Cathedrall Church of Spaine where a certaine Subsidie was graunted to the Pope which was the principall cause of his Legation in recompence whereof the Legate bestowed pardons and indulgences vppon euery place with measure and proportion according to euery mans qualitie and besides did ordaine to euery Church two Channonries the one for a Diuine the other for a Chanonist the which should be giuen by the Bishops and Chapters Some neuerthelesse namely of those which did cleaue and adhere to the partie of the Princes Don Ferdinand and Donna Isabella did not appeare at this assembly in the number of whom was Don Inigo Manrique Bishop of Coria who requested the legate to come to Valiodolit saying that they were to conferre with him about matters touching the succession of the kingdomes but the King perswaded him to the contrary accusing the Princes and their followers of many matters The Legate neuerthelesse went to Alcala to visit the Princes who remained there with the Archbishop of Toledo by whom he was sumptuously receiued and with great pompe as also in Guadalajara the Marquis of Santillanas house where hee remained a certaine space with the Marquis and the Earles his bretheren The impieties superstitions thefts rapines and other insolencies vsed at that time among the Christians in Spaine Enormous sins cause those newly conuerted to returne to Iudaisme namely the Prelates and Church-men were so scandalous to all men as diuerse newe Christians who were conuerted from Iudaisme to the profession of Christianity being constrained more by the rigor of the lawes then perswaded by wholesome doctrine and good examples began to returne to Iudaisme not being able to beleeue by humaine reason that the religion professed by such detestable people could bee the true The remedy applied to this mischiefe was the same which arrogant men and such as hate correction Massacre of the new Christians and are desirous to liue in their errors and corruptions doe commonly vse namely the sword massacres and all manner of excesse For in the Citty of Cordoua insteed of bringing back these straies by meeknesse holinesse of life and such like examples which is the duty of the ministers of the Church they did let loose the bridle to the rash mutinous people who made a cruell slaughter of them and spoiled their goods Those of Iaen followed this example against whom the Constable Michaell Lucas d' Irançu opposing himself The Constable Don Michael Lucas de Iransu murthered by the people was most inhumainly murthered in the Cathedral Church by the enraged multitude The like cruelties and robberies were committed in Andujar and other places of Andaluzia wherewith King Henry was extreamly discontented but being faint-harted and of no courage in these matters hee did no more punish the murtherers then the Pastors were diligent in seeking out fit Christian meanes to bring back these Apostata's into the right way The office of Constable was giuen to Don Pedro Velasco Earle of Haro the Kings great Chamberlaine D. Pedro de Velasco made Constable of Castill at the intercession of the Maister of Saint Iames his Sonne in law the which dignity hath euer since euen till our time continued in that family The King like-wise gaue the seales of his Chancery to the Bishogge of Siguença The King finding that Donna Ioane his supposed daughter had very ill successe in her treaties of marriage resolued to bestow her vpon Don Henry Sonne to the Infant Don Henry who was Maister of S. Iames brother to Don Ferdinand Infant of Castile which was King of Arragon who at the same time remayned in the Citty of Barcelona from whence hee caused him to come secretly into Castile This Prince who by the commandement of King Iohn his vnckle was called in his dominions the Infant of Arragon and by
some others the fortunate Infant Pride hinders the Infant Don Henry from his preferment in Castil was very proud the which hee shewed in Castile before his time which did greatly hinder his aduancement in that Kingdome Hee with his mother Donna Beatrice Pimentell Aunt to the Earle of Benauent arriued at Requegna from whence afterward the King hauing furnished them with all things necessary for their calling and place which they held the Maister of Saint Iames caused them to come to the Castle of Garcy Nugnos sending two of his Gentlemen to accompany them thither During the time that this Don Henry remayned there sundry Lords and Knights came to visit him diuers of whome because they would bee reputed ciuill and curteous offered to kisse his hand thinking that hee would not haue suffered it but hee keeping a great grauity presented his hand freely vnto them but one amongst the rest taking him by the hand sayd to him in derision my Lord you haue a very faire hand and so without kissing it let goe his hold whereat D. Henry was much offended The Maister of Saint Iames remayned at that time in Madrill being discontented with an accident hapned at Segobia Hee had sundry times solicited the king to commit the Castle and gates of the citty to his keeping alleadging that in that place Queene Ioane and her daughter might lodge more safely then any where else and that he should by no meanes giue the charge thereof to Andrew de Cabrera because he was assured that Beatrice of Bouadilla his wife was drawne to the Princesse party and besides that he being a Cattelan was an affectionate seruant to Prince Fernand all which was very true The King yeelded to the Maisters request Enterprise of the Maister of Saint Iames against Andrew de Cabrera captaine of the castle of Segobia But Andrew de Cabrera refused to dispossesse himselfe of the castle whereat the Maister beeing highly offended practised his ruine and thought to effect it by this practise He casued Diego Tapia and certaine other Gentlemen to come into the city giuing them charge to stirre vp the people whom he knew to be desirous to fall vpon the new conuerted Christians and to spoile them of their goods as they of Cordoua and other places of Andaluzia had lately done and they appointed that during the tumult some band of souldiars should force the Kings house and take both him and Andrew de Cabrera his Steward to make him deliuer vp the castle Diego de Tapia needed not to vse much labour to stirre vp the people who were ouermuch addicted to mischiefe wherefore it was concluded that at the ringing of a larum bell in the Church of Saint Peter de los Picos they should assaile the city in fiue sundry places on a sunday after dinner namely in the quarter of Saint Olalla in that of Saint Colomba Saint Martin Saint Iohn and that of Saint Michael appointing a squadron to goe vp and downe and to discouer in euery place of the city But it was the will of God that this complot came to the knowledge of the Legat who lay then at Guadalajara who forth-with reuealed it to the King the King sent word thereof to Andrew de Cabrera captaine of the sort to the end he should stand vpon his gard preuent this danger in the city Cabrera hauing secretly armed many souldiars and all the Conuerts which were fit to beare arms did so preuent his enemies as he slew and defeated most of them and Diego Tapia was shot through the body with an arrow The Maister hauing failed in his enterprise The Maister of Saint Iames failes of his purpose and fearing least some euill might betide him departed the same night from Segobia and came to the Monastery of Parrall to goe from thence to Madrid the King tooke the paines to come and visit him in the Monastery and vsed all the entreaties that he could to bring him backe but the Maister said vnto him that he had no confidence in Andrew de Cabrera nor his wife and that hee would neuer set foote in Segobia vntill such time as hee were possest of the castle wherefore the King returned to Segobia to pacifie and appease the tumult It is most certaine that the enterprises of the Maister beeing preiudiciall to an other were very dangerous to himselfe for his sonne-in-law the Earle of Benauent still bearing in minde how hee had preuented him of the Maistership of Saint Iames did keepe armed men in his house who were appointed to haue slaine him in that tumult wherefore hee did wisely to goe to Madrid whether neuerthelesse all matters being appeased the King and the whole Court came and namely the Earle of Benauent and thither were also brought the Queene and D. Ioane her daughter At Madrid there arriued a messenger from the Pope who aduertized the King that D. Pero Gonçal de Mendoza D. Pero Gonsal de Mendosa Cardinal of Spaine Bishop of Siguença was created Cardinall of the title of holy Crosse the which did greatly please the King who commanded him to be called the Cardinall of Spaine the which title hee vsed during his life and receiued many honors of King Henry In these times beganne the Order of the Religious of Saint Francis of Paul who was a Calabrian borne at a place called Paul who was drawne into France by King Lewis the eleuenth and died at Tours his Order called the Minims of Saint Francis was approued by Pope Sixtus this yeere 1473. and afterwards at the request of King Francis the first An. 1473. Order of Saint Francis of Paul of Queene Claude his wife and of Donna Louise of Sauoy his mother the Author was canonized by Pope Leo the tenth in the yeere 1529. of this Religious Order there are many Monasteries in Spaine diuided into two Prouinces King Henry beeing desirous to consumate the marriage betwixt Donna Ioane and his cousin the Infant Don Henry tooke councell therevpon of the Bishop of Siguença chosen Cardinall and of others of his councell and caused the Infant with his mother to come to Xetafa betwixt which place and Madrid he did see them and would willingly haue brought them to Madrid but the Maister of Saint Iames who did not allow of this marriage delt in such sort as they came not thither afterward the king hauing sounded the maister concerning this match Mariage of D. Ioane supposed daughter of Henry of Arragon broken by the Maister of S. Iames. hee did openly diswade him from it saying that he ought not to marry his daughter to any other then to a King or a mighty Prince and that if he were determined to giue her to Don Henry it behooued him then to leuie men of warre and to appoint for their pay more then twenty millions of Marauedis the King who had treasures in the Castle of Segobia said that hee would not want money and therefore hee sent the Maister and the
importance as this was The day following the King attempted the like and finding the like resistance would by force haue taken the passage but those of the guarde of the bridge did valiantly defend it and did kill and hurt diuers Portugois The King of Portugall forsaketh the citty of Zamora wherefore King Alphonso by the Archâ—Bishoppe of Toledoes councell withdrew his forces from the fight and hee with Donna Ioane his bethrothed wife left the Citty about midnight suspecting some treason in regard that the bridge alone made such resistance he being there in person The inhabitants at the same instant brought in Don Aluaro de Mendoza by an other gate who tooke and spoyled the Portugois which were left excepting a few who saued them-selues in the Cathedrall Church who on the morrow after by breake of day yeelded them-selues King Fernand the Admirall the Duke of Alua and other Lords beeing there arriued These soldiers were sent away without paying any ransome and carried their baggage away with them to Toro where their King remayned who to encourage his people sayd that the victory of a warre did not consist in the gayne or losse of a few townes or Citties but in the issue of a battaill the which alone would decide the quarrell about the succession of Castile and Leon for the which purpose hee did write to Prince Iohn his Sonne to make as great a leuy of soldiers in his Kingdome as possibly he could and with all speed to bring them to his aide King Fredinand beeing maister of Zamora beganne to better the Castle and caused the traytors to bee arraigned and condemned confiscating the goods of Iohn de Porras and others Whilest these matters were handled at Zamora Don Alphonso of Arragon Duke of Villahermosa and the other Captaynes who beseeged the Castle of Burgos did continually batter it and gaue it many daungerous and rude assaults but they that were within it wanted no courage to defend them-selues And as the sentinells and those of the garde were reuiling one another an Alcayde or Sheriffe of Burgos called Alphouso de las Cueuas beganne to talke to those of the Castle and vsed such perswasiue reasons and arguments as they were resolued to hearken to some composition especially when they did see a great quarter of their wall beaten downe by meanes whereof they lay open to their enemies assaults therefore beeing sollicited they did capitulate about they yeelding of the castle vppon condition that all faults past should be forgiuen The Castle of Burges yeelded the which was granted by the Queene who for that regard came from Vailliodolit to Burgos and did receiue the Castle her owne selfe whereof shee made Diego de Ribera Gouernour who had beene tutor and bringer vppe of her brother the Prince Don Alphonso and hauing appoynted that which was requisite for the peace and quiet of the Cittie shee returned to Vailliodolit and from thence went to Tordesillas to the end to be neerer to the enemie the better to haue an eye to his enterprises and proceedings Thither Don Pedro of Estuniga eldest sonne to the Duke of Areualo did come to the Queene whose part hee had still taken and had shewed himselfe faithfull vnto her in regard whereof he was vnkindly vsed by his father and by Donna Leonora Pimentel his mother-in-law He besought the Queene to receiue the Duke his father into grace and fauour promising to put all that hee did possesse into her hands making an apologie and excusing the faults which hee had committed by reason of his decrepit age beeing wholly possessed and ruled by his second wife It did greatly displease the Queene to pardon him who had shewed himselfe so mortall and hatefull an enemie to the King her husband neuerthelesse for the sonnes sake shee did pardon the father and the whole family The title of the Dutchie was transposed from Areualo to the Cittie of Plaisance and euer afterward the Lords of the house of Estuniga became affectionate seruants to the King and Queene The warres continuing after this sort in Castile the French King inclining to the demaunds and perswations of the King of Portugall and bearing no great good will to the house of Arragon euer since the warre of Perpignan Alliance betwixt France and Castile sent a great armie into the Prouince of Guipuscoa vnder the conduct and commaund of Aman Lord of Abrit or Albret whose posteritie hath raigned in Nauarre as shall hereafter be declared Diuers Gentlemen and braue souldiers of the countrie of Guipuscoa vppon the report of the comming of this armie did shutte themselues vp in Fontaraby others went to Irun by which place the French-men were of necessitie to passe who did burne Irun and slue certaine men there they went vp and downe for the space of sixe weekes spoyling the countrie not once attempting or offering to beseege Fontarabie which was their chiefe desseigne In the meane time Iohn Lopes de Lascano and Sancho del campo entred the towne being sent from the Court with about fiftie horse at whose comming the souldiers which were within the towne made a salley and came foorth vnto the very limittes of Irun where they found about a thousand French-foote of the fore-ward of their armie with their Captaine Purguet of Bayonne who beeing assayled and set vppon on the sodaine through want of good and prouident watch Purquet a French Captaine defeated and hauing no faithfull discouerers were easily ouerthrowne and put to a disordered flight some of them in this confusion thinking to saue themselues in a Tower of a mannor-house belonging to those of Vrdaniuia they were there beseeged and burnt with Purguet their Captaine the Master of the same house being the first man that set fire thereunto The poore distressed souldiers to auoyde and escape the implacable torments of the mercilesse fire leaped out of the tower windowes in most desperate manner and were with scoffes and mockes receiued vppon the enemies pikes The Spanish Authours say that three hundred were there slayne and pittifully massacred besides diuers others that were captiuated and taken prisoners Soone after Don Diego Lopes de Sarmiento Earle of Salinas Captaine generall for the King and Queene came into the Prouince with certaine troupes of horse bringing letters to the worthie persons and chiefe Magistrates of Queene Izabella's country who with perswasiue admonitions exhorted the Guipuscoans to stand and continue faithfull to their Princes for which they were renowned aboue all other Prouinces of Spaine Now vppon the eighth day of Aprill this yeare one thousand An. 1476. foure hundred seuenty sixe beeing Saint Denis day the towne of Fontarabie was beseeged by the French where no matter of woorth was performed sauing some few light skirmishes with losse of men on either side for the space of fiue dayes onely whilest the seege continued for they easily found that in regard of the strength of the place it was to no purpose for them to tarrie there yet
of Algezire of Gibraltar Earles of Barcelona Lords of Biscay and Molina Dukes of Athens and of Neopatria Earles of Rossillon and of Cerdaigne Marquis of Oristagni and of Gocian After this manner were the titles of these Kingdomes and dominions ordered according to their ranke and dignity and in the shieldes of their armes and deuices it was appointed that the armes of Castile and Leon should bee first drawne and after them those of Arragon and Sicill The Court beeing come from Trugillo to Caceres Queene Izabell was greatly solicited by Donna Beâ—trice Duchesse of Viseo to come to Alcantara where shee promised to meet her and to conferre about the meanes of a peace betwixt Castile and Portugall the King and Queene departed the one from the other shee towards Alcantara which for the same purpose was committed to the keeping of Don Guttiere de Cardegna the great commander by Don Aluaro de Estuniga Duke of Playsance or Areualo Entervew of of Queene Isabell and the Dutchesse of visco sorto treat of peace who held it as lawfull administrator of Don Iohn de Estuniga his Sonne who pretended him-selfe Maister of that order and King Fernand went into Arragon to take possession of his new Kingdomes These Princesses beeing arriued at Alcantara were lodged in one house namely in the Castle where they spent thirty daies in conference and agreeing at the last vpon certaine Articles the Dutchesse beeing highly honored by the Queene Isabella of Castile and rewarded with many rich presents and Iewells returned into Portugall carrying Roderigo Maldonado one of Fernand the King of Castiles councell with her to communicate more at large with the King of Portugall concerning them In the meane space whilest these matters were conferred on the Treasurer of Alcantara surprized the fortresse of Montanches on the one side and those of the Countesse of Medellins part made sharpe warre in Extremadura on the other the which countrey besides the miseries which it endured by the warre Queene Izabella pursueth the Râ—bels in Extremadura it was oppressed with extreame famine so as euery one perswaded the Queene to go backe to Toledo but her haughtie courage would not suffer her to leaue such places where shee knew trouble and danger to bee beeing able by her wisedome speedily to redresse it Shee then gaue order to beseege diuers places at one time from whence the enemies made sundrie roades with incredible spoyles euen to the gates of Trugillo The Master of Saint Iames was sent against Merida Don Lewis Fernandes de Porto Carrero Lord of la Palma beseeged Medellin Rodrigo de Monroy d'Eleitosa and Don Lorenzo Suares of Figueroa opposed himselfe against those which molested the countrey of Badajos The Treasurer of Alcantara ranne vppe and downe and tooke booties now from one place then from another hauing his retreat at Piedra nueua Castro nueuo Majorga Azagala and other forts and not contented therewith hee went into Portugall animating King Alphonso not to giue ouer that warre but couragiously to poursue it with great hope and not bee carried away by the perswasions of the Dutchesse of Viseo and hee did chiefly vrge him to come with a mighty armie to raise the seege before Montanches that place beeing the strength and importance of the warre which D. Pero Fernandes de Velasco the Constable fearing fortified his campe with trenches and walles of stones so as he could not easily bee assayled on the sodaine Don Lewis Fernando Porto Carrero beseeging Medellin where the Countesse and the Bishop of Ebora remayned sustained infinite difficulties for besides the continuall sallies and skirmishes of the beseeged who were very strong his campe was troubled with a horrible number of Flies which constrained him to change his seat and to retire halfe a mile from thence At the end of the seege which lasted three moneths those of Deleitosa yeelded sauing their liues and goods and with-drew themselues to Montanches Great was the paine and toyle which the beseegers and beseeged of this place did indure with those likewise of Merida and Medellin where the Bishoppe of Ebora spared no care not diligence to recouer his honour and to couer the losses which he had sustayned at Albuhera and also at the battell of Toro Hunger sicknesse and other inconueniences were the chiefe enemies that either paâ—tie had to warre against although Queene Izabella to her power had prouided for the necessitie of her people who from time to time receiued letters from Maldonado her Ambassador in Portugall putting her out of hope of peace by reason of King Alphonso's obstinacie who could not bee brought to any reasonable conditions she therefore willed him to returne into Castile The Ambassadour beeing readie to depart came to take his leaue of King Alphonso who was at the same time accompanied with the Prince his sonne and the Lords of his Councell who did perswade him by diuers reasons and examples of things fallen out lately in Spayne to condiscend to a peace which perswasion of his beeing better taken and apprehended by the Prince and the other Lords then by the King himselfe were of such force as he was drawne by them to receiue the peace which the Dutchesse of Viseo had concluded at Alcantara Peace betwixt Portugall and Castile Whereuppon the Ambassadours departure was prolonged and the morrow after he assembled his Councel where the Articles were againe perused and considered of which the King allowed confirmed and swore to obserue after this manner First Articles that the King of Portugall should lay aside the title of King of Castile and Leon and should wipe out of his shield the armes and deuises of the sayd kingdomes Secondly that he should sweare not to marrie Donna Ioane his Neece who called her selfe Queene of Castile and Leon. Thirdly that shee beeing at that time eighteene yeares of age should choose one of these things within sixe moneths that is to say to forsake the Realme of Portugall without hauing ayde meanes or any assistance from king Don Alphonso or if shee would tarrie there still then to marrie with Prince Iohn of Castile who was newly borne when he should come to age or else to enter into one of the fiue Orders of Religion of Saint Clare in Portugal and if she would consent to marrie Prince Iohn shee should liue and remaine in the meane time in the company of Donna Beatrix Dutchesse of Viseo Fourthly that the Infanta Donna Izabella eldest daughter to the King and Queene of Castile should marrie the Infant Don Alphonso eldest sonne to Prince Iohn heire to the Kingdome the which Infant and Infanta should likewise be committed to the keeping of the Dutchesse of Viseo in the fort of Mora in Portugall Fiftly that the Kings of Castile should in no sort let or hinder the king of Portugalls nor the Prince his sonnes voyage into Guiney and that the States and people of Castile should bee bound to performe and maintaine that poynt inviolably Sixtly that
all crimes and offences layde to their charge who had fauoured and taken the King of Portugals part in those warres should be abolished and a generall pardon graunted to them all especially to the Countesse of Medellin and to Don Alphonso of Monroy Treasurer of Alcantara and euery of them to be restored to their goods liuings and dignities Seuenthly that this peace should be kept betwixt the Kings of Castile and Portugall for an hundred and one yeares This peace thus concluded was proclaymed in the Court of Portugal to the great contentment of all men and presently the Licenciate Figueroa one of the kings Councell and his Confessor named Friar Martin were sent Ambassadours to Queene Izabella who lay at Trugillo who on her her part did likewise sweare to ratifie it the Castillans beeing no whit displeased thereat for they were all tyred with that pernitious warre The which warre did wholly cease and the seeges from the aboue-mentioned places were raysed Merida which belonged to the Order of Saint Iames was yeelded to the Master thereof Medellin was committed to the keeping of Don Lewis Fernand Porto Carrero vntil the controuersie betwixt the Countesse and Don Pedro Porto Carrero her son were decided by order of lawe Newes hereof was carried to Barcelona to King Fernand the which was most welcome vnto him who gaue thankes vnto God therefore causing great signes of ioy to bee made euery where and did worthily recompence the messenger which brought tidings of so desired a peace by meanes whereof those two kingdomes haue beene encreased and maintayned in the greatnesse whereunto they are risen in the dayes of our fathers and in our time also In king Fernand the two kingdomes of Castile and Arragon with their dependancies Vnion of Castil and Arragon were ioyned together which had beene separated foure hundred fortie and fiue yeares euer since that the two States of Earledomes became Kingdomes after the death of Don Sancho the Great King of Nauarre who was the last Earle of Arragon and Castile Now King Fernand hauing taken order for all things belonging to so great a succession wherein hee found no difficultie nor resistance hee came to the Queene his wife who lay in the citty of Toledo where with great sollemnitie he swore the peace in the presence of the Portugall Ambassadours and for a greater confirmation thereof there were sent Ambassadours to the king of Portugal Friar Hernand of Talauera the king of Castiles Confessor of the Order of Saint Hierome great Prior of Saint Marie du Pré of Vailliodolit who was afterward Bishoppe of Auila and successiuely first Arch-bishoppe of Granado after the conquest and with him Doctor Alphonso Manuel of Madrigall one of the kings Councell D. Ioane called the Excellent contemneth the marriage with the bâ—ire of Castil Arragon c. and becomes a Nunne to reiterate and sweare the peace the second time Donna Ioane who till then was called Queene of Castile and Leon and by a particular surname the Excellent beeing questioned vppon the Article of peace which concerned her marriage with Prince Iohn did rather choose a Monasticke life who therefore was shorne and vailed in the Monasterie of Saint Clare the royall at Coimbra and casting off hir royall habits shee tooke the Order of Saint Francis not without great griefe to king Don Alphonso to see so great a Ladie in such manner to abase her selfe where if she had so pleased might haue raigned in Castile Leon Arragon and Sicill The Ambassadours of Castile hauing executed their commission with the king of Portugall went to the cittie of Coimbra where they did see this Princesse to professe her selfe a Nunne with protestation to spend her dayes in such humilitie notwithstanding that they brought her King Fernand and Queene Isabella's honourable word and promise to accomplish in her behalfe all that which had beene agreed vppon in the treaty of peace and to marrie her to their sonne when time should serue but she with an incredible constancie refused all these dignities and spent the whole time of her life which was very long in religion and was euer after called in stead of royall titles which had had beene offered vnto her by the King and Queene Donna Ioane the Nunne The troubles beeing thus appeased in Castile Don Diego Lopes de Pacheco Marquis of Villena who in his Marquisate had made warre vppon the Kings Lieutenants and Captaines came to the Court at Toledo to iustifie himselfe concerning the same and to speak truth the matter beeing well weighed hee was not found to bee the principall cause of those mischiefes Marquis of Villena reâ—onciled to the King and Queene nor yet to haue any intelligence with the King of Portugall since his last agreement made with the Queene in regard whereof the King and Queene receyued him to grace and fauour vnto whome afterwards in the warres of Granado hee did many notable seruices This yeare 1479. in the moneth of Nouember Queene Izabella was brought to bed in the Cittie of Toledo in a house belonging to the Earle of Cifuentes of a daughter named Ioane who in processe of time came to succeed in all the kingdomes as by the progresse of this Historie shall appeare This Infanta did in all poynts so resemble queen Ioane of Arragon her grandmother as when the King her father did play with her hee called her his mother In like manner the Infanta Izabella because she was in lineaments like to Queene Izabella her Grandmother mother to the queene then raigning was by her called her mother the rest of queene Izabella's children were commonly called her Angels At the same time that these things happened in Spayne the armie of Mahomet the second of that name Emperour of the Turkes did houer about the Isle of Rhodes the seate of the Knights of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem Peter d' Aubusson a French-man beeing great Master of that Order the Sicillians fearing left the Turkes would haue landed in their Isle sent messengers to king Fernand to obtaine of him ayde and succour vnto whome certaine shippes laden with munition armour and other prouision were sent Donna Leonora Queene of Nauarre and 33. in order AS King Fernand succeeded in the kingdomes of Arragon Valencia Sicill Majorca and principalitie of Cattalonia Nauarre with other dominions and dependancies therof by the decease of the late king Don Iohn his father the Princesse Leonora in like manner daughter to him and to his first wife Donna Blanche queene of Nauarre did inherite the same kingdome nine yeares after the death of the Earle of Foix her husband remaining all that time a widow She was crowned queene in the cittie of Tudela where she did sweare and promise to maintaine the rights lawes priuiledges franchises and liberties of the country in the same manner as her predecessors had done before her Her raigne was so short as we haue no matter affoorded to speake of but onely her death which happened by a
them fled away as fast as they could forsaking their king who was there taken prisoner There were taken at this encounter nine hundred mules fiue hundred horse and nine Moorish Standards besides other spoiles which were distributed among the souldiers and the Kings person fell to the Earle of Cabraes share in token of which victorie the Earles of Cabra The Earle of Cabraes armes by the aduice and grant of the Kings of Castile do beare for their armes a Mores head in prison tyed with a chaine of gold with a bend ouerthwart their shield wherein nine standards are painted By this ouerthrow king Mahumet the Little lost much of his reputation and many strong Castles reuolted from him to his father Muley Albohacen during his imprisonment he was honorably vsed and like a king King Fernand beeing ioyfull for this victorie did thinke it fit to follow the occasion and with a great armie to assayle the Moores who were astonished with their losse wherefore he tooke order that the Affrican Moores should not come by sea into Spaine to their ayde and then hee entred into the Countrey of Granado with an army of tenne thousand horse and thirtie thousand foote among whome there were great numbers of Switzers Switzers in the wars of Granado with a great trayne of Officers victuallers Merchants and other people who serued and followed the campe before which the Earle of Cabra and Don Alphonso of Aguilar did march with troupes of auantcourrers who burned the country round about Illora and Montefrio the armie passed by Illora which was not easie to be taken without great Artillerie but they tooke the towne and castle of Tagara which lies betwixt Alhama and Loxa the King would not take those of the Castle to his mercie because they did not yeeld at the first assault which together with the town was razed to the ground Diuers valiant men of the Christian campe were hurt at the taking thereof as namely Don Henry Henriques the Kings Vncle and Lord great Master of his house Being come to Alhama the King caused it to be well fortified and left Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoza Earle of Tendilla Gouernour there who was a very vertuous Knight then he led his armie farther into the countrie of Granado ouerthrowing and destroying all that stood before him but for want of victuals he returned to Cordoua The Moores beeing thus persecuted and afflicted did beginne to intreate for peace and offered to pay the King tribute and some Moore children of Noble houses for hostages Wherewith King Fernand acquainted the Queene his wife who then lay at Victoria to looke to the affaires of Nauarre which shee feared would shortly stirre who was of opinion to haue the hostages to be townes and castles and not children whereunto the Moores not consenting the warre stood at that same stay as it was before Thereuppon the Moore Queene mother to the King made meanes for her sonnes deliuerie and sent to offer King Fernand perpetuall homage twelue thousand Duckets for yearely tribute and a great summe of readie money for his ransome and besides to set three hundred Christian prisoners at libertie such as he would please to name and shee offered sufficient hostages for the performance of what shee promised The King commaunded the Earle of Cabra to deliuer the prisoner vnto him the which he did and deliuered him to Martin Alarcon Captaine of Porcuna whether King Fernand sent to visite and comfort him for the which Mahumet gaue him infinite thankes saying that he could not be in care so long as he was in the hands of so great and courteous a King whome he had euer desired to serue beeing at his full libertie and to receiue the Crowne of Granado at his hand in the same manner as king Ismael his Grandfather had done from King Iohn And because the King had occasion to go into Castile and also to Arragon King Mahomet deliuered he did determine to deliuer the Moore King the opinions concerning his deliuerie were diuers some agreeing thereunto and others not wherein the master of Saint Iames and the Marquis of Cales were contrarie one to the other Wherefore they sent to haue the Queenes opinion in the matter who therein agreed with the Marquis that he should bee deliuered the prisoner was brought to Cordoua where he wold haue kissed king Fernands hand but he would not permit it the better thereby to oblige him to himselfe hee did there sweare to accomplish whatsoeuer was agreed vppon and he was set at libertie hauing beene honoured with rich presents King Fernand after that went to Victoria from thence he passed into Arragon and going by Guadalupa being a deuout Prince he there performed a vow The Frontier was well furnished and prouided of all things necessarie against the assaults of the Moores yet notwithstanding they hauing notice of the Kings departure out of Andalusia did make diuers roades into the countrey beeing extreamely mooued against King Mahumet in regard he had beene so well intreated by the Catholicke King and was become his vassall and of whom besides other benefites he had promise of aide and assistance against Muley Albohacen his father and they sayd that it was a matter displeasing to God and against all right for the Mahometan Kings to beg any assistance of Christians against the Princes of their owne religion wherefore diuers forsaking him they tooke part with Muley Albohacen and brought him with fiue hundred Knights into the Castle of Alhapubre where he slue all such as were of his sonnes faction who retired himselfe to Almeria Now the army of the Moores beeing strong and resolute to do their worst entred into the marches of Andalusia the Garrisons and chiefe Commanders of the warre being in the citties were foorth-with aduertised thereof by the souldiers called Almogaraues or ordinarie watches of the frontiers therefore Don Lewis Fernandes Porto Carrero Lord of Palmes who was afterward made Earle thereof with the forces of the Master of Saint Iames of the Marquis of Cales those of Eccia Xeres Arcos and others which were gathered together did march against the enemies whome hee found disbanded spoyling and destroying the territorie of Vtrera The Moores defeated at Vtrera whome he charged with such resolution and courage as in an instant they were all defeated and put to flight with losse of diuers of their captaines great numbers of souldiers fifteene ensignes and all their spoyle of which victorie the Queene beeing aduertised shee caused generall processions to bee made in the cittie of Victoria and because this encounter happened vppon the sixth day of lanuarie beeing Twelfth day shee sent a gowne of cloath of gold to the Lord of Palmas wife to the end shee should weare it euery yeare vppon that sollemne festiuall day The Christians in Andalusâ—a hauing this good hap Zahara surprized by the Christians the Marquis of Cales was aduertised that Zahara was ill furnished of souldiers and victuals wherefore hauing
Earle with Martin Alphonso de Cabra Lord of the house of Montemajor was sent before to shut in those of the towne with the forces which he had in Baena then their followed him with foure thousand horse and other forces the Maister of Calatraua the Earle of Buendia and other Knights the King with the rest of the forces came after and the Queene with the whole Court came to Baena Those that went first with the Earle of Cabra beeing arriued on a morning neere to Moclin fell vnawares vpon the King of Granadoes army which was come to Moclin consisting of twenty thousand Moores as well horse as foote who neuerthelesse began to flie as soone as they did see the Christians whom they thought to bee farre more in number then they were but hauing better viewed them they returned and charged them so brauely as they disordered and put them to flight diuers were there slaine and taken The Christians defeated at Moclin the Earle escaped being hurt in the hand with a Harquebuze shot his horse hauing receiued foure wounds with a launce his brother D. Gonçall de Cordoua was slaine the Moores following the chase were staied and constrained to turne their backes by the troupes of the Maister of Calatraua and the Earle of Buendia This newes did greatly displease the Kings who altering their determination left Moclin and turned their forces against Cambill and Alhabar very strong places on the confines of Iaen and within three leagues of the city alwaies well kept and defended by the Kings of Granado The Marquis of Cales with the vantgard did approach neere vnto their forts whether the Artillery was brought with great difficulty and the battery made with all dilligence but they yeelded forthwith and the Moores which were within it were sent away free with their goods into Granado the Queene gaue these two forts to the city of Iaen where the King with the Maister of Saint Iames did determine to strengthen Alhama with foure thousand horse and fiue thousand foot which were appointed for the same purpose The Treasorer of Calatraua beeing gouernor of Alhama was sollicited by a Moore of the garrison of Salea to come thither with his forces and hee did assure him that he would finde meanes to cause him to enter into it the Treasorer hauing first of all well examined the Moore and being assured that he ment no deceite went on a night to Salea where the traitors brother did let downe a rope from the walles and helped to erect the scaling ladders by which the Christians mounted who after a dangerous fight made themselues Maisters of the place the Inhabitants whereof were all made slaues Pope Innocent the eight being daylie aduertized of these goodly victories graunted this yeere to the Kings to raise greater subsidies vpon the Clergy the which were moderated by the Cardinall of Spaine to one hundred thousand golden florins of the coine of Arragon About the end of the yeere the Court leauing Andaluzia came to Alcala de Henares Birth of the Infanta Catherine where Queene Isabell was brought in bed of a daughter named Catherin who was wife to Arthur Prince of Wales heire to the crowne of England and afterward married to his brother King Henry the eight of that name In Alcala which was a place belonging to the Archbishop of Toledo the Alcaides and Prouosts of the Court executing their offices were hindered by the Cardinall who was Archbishop of Toledo Contention betwixt the Archâ—â—shop of Toledo and the Queene who made greeuous complaints to the Queene how her Officers did vsurpe vpon his authority the Queene told him that shee being Soueraigne in Castile and in all other her realmes might execute iustice in any place The matter being debated on both sides it was referred to the compromise and iudgment of fiue persons of the counsell whom the Queene would name and to fiue Channons of the Chapter of Toledo for the Cardinall but the other affaires of Court the short staye thereof at Alcala with other hinderances did end this strife the which remained vndecided Then were the Iudges of the Court discharged of part of the Processes which did abound in all places where the King and Queene went the which were turned ouer to the Chancery at Valiodolit where Don Alphonso de Fonseca Archbishop of Saint Iames was made President with eight Doctors for his Councell During all these warres and businesse Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman of whom wee haue often spoken heretofore had remained in Portugall greatly honoured by King Iohn Hee vnderstanding of the Admirall of Castils death his ancient enemy procured his friends to obtaine his pardon of King Ferdinand and Queene Isabell but beeing aduertised that the matter was now harder to bee effected then before by reason that Don Frederick sonne to the deceased Admirall who had begunne the quarrell was made Admirall in his Fathers place and highly fauoured hee desperately resolued to kill him and to effect his purpose hee departed with leaue from the Court of Portugall and came to Braganca Don Frederick Henriques beeing aduertised by his friends what his enemy did intend hee thought like a wise man that it was not good to hold him still in dispaire and therefore hee sent to Mary Osorio Don Ramir Nugnes mother to let her vnderstand that if shee would come to Valiodolit to sue for her sonnes restitution hee would assist her therein prouided that shee would take order that Don Ramir should returne back from Bragança to the Court of Portugall This Lady beeing desirous to haue her sonne restored to his lands and goods did not loose so fit and vnlookt for an occasion but came to the Admirall with whom after long conference she went to the court being at Alcala de Henares where she obtained but not without difficulty the goods of Don Ramir as depositarie and that hee might returne into Spaine vnder the keeping of the Earle of Feria Don Ramir hauing notice heereof Sentenâ—â— of the quaâ—rell betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Frederick Henriques tooke his leaue of the King of Portugall and came to the Earle of Ferias house where hee remained three yeares vntill his businesse were brought to this conclusion that hee might enioy his goods and marry with his promised wife the daughter to the Earle of Luna but that hee might not goe to his owne lands vntill the King and Queene gaue him leaue Afterward hee was permitted to come into his owne houses vpon condition that during his life he should not come ouer the riuer of Duero such was the end of the quarrell caused by the Ladies of the Court betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Don Frederick Henriques Before the Court departed from Alcala de Henares Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoza Earle of Tendilla and Doctor Iohn de Medina both of them of the Kings Councell were sent Ambassadors into Italy about the warre which was betwixt Ferdinand King of Naples and Pope
for which the King and Queene depriued them of their offices and placed others therein they that were disposed were D. Alphonso de Valdiuiesso Bishop of Leon who was president and Doctor Martin â— Auila the Licenciat Cinchilla Doctor Cano and Doctor Olmedilla Auditors In their roomes were placed Doctor Iohn Arias del Villar Bishop of Oâ—iedo for President Subsidy raised vpoÌ„ the Iewes the Licenciat de Villena Doctor de Palacios the Licenciate Ville-Muriell the Licenciate Palacios Rubias and Doctor de Villoucla Auditors The Iewes did also grant a generall subsidy to the Kings which was the last subsidy raised vpon that sect for soone after they were all driuen forth of Spaine The King and Queene hauing begunne to take the best order they could for the gouernment of the new conquered Prouinces 1492. in the month of March this yeere 1492. they came to Cordoua to intend the affaires of the rest of the Kingdome there they made a statute whereby all gentlemen of the Kingdomes and Lordships subiect to the crowne of Castile and Arragon Statute of Cordoua for the Nâ—bility were enioyned to come and make proofe of their pedigrees and nobility and because it was made at Cordoua it was called the statute or law of Cordoua Whilest the King and Queene were busied in the warres and seege of Granado the ioy and feasts in Portugall were sodainely turned into teares and lamentations Portugal the marriage betwixt Alphonso of Portugall and D. Isabella of Castile being celebrated with great magnificence at Ebora and the feasts and triumphes continuing at Saint Iren whether the new married couple were gonne to auoide the great heate the Prince on an Euening accompanying the King his father and beeing mounted vpon a very ready and swift horse would needs runne a race against an other horse whereon Don Iohn de Menezes Commander of Algezier did ride but the Commander excused the matter by reason it was late and almost night the Prince commanded a Mule to bee brought vnto him and in the getting vp the stirrop brake wherefore hee tooke his former horse and continuing in his determination to runne he tooke the Commander by the hand A pittiful accident hapned to Prince Alphonso of Portugal and giuing spurres to his horse hee constrained him to runne the race with him but the mishap was that the Princes horse stumbling at the races end ouer-threw his rider vnder him and did so bruze him as hee lay speechlesse and almost dead vpon the ground The King and all the standers by being very sorrowfull caused him to bee carried to the next cottage which was a fisher-mans where the Princesses the mother and the daughter in law hauing vnderstood this pittifull accident did come on foote where finding this poore Prince in such state as for no speech nor any thing else that cold be said or don he did make any sign or shew of vnderstanding ought They did all melt into teares Prince Alphonso diâ—s vttering forth very strang cries and lamentations Great and sundry were the dilligences and remedies though superfluous which the Physitions and Surgions vsed for his recouery the Physitions telling the King that his sonnes end drew nere he brought the Queene and the Princesse to the houses of Vasco Pallas which are vpon the riuer of Tayo and the Prince died seuen and twenty houres after the accident who was lamented and bewailed by all men for the great hope and expectation which he gaue of himselfe in those young yeeres hauing hardly attained to seuenteene yeeres of age and that which did more encrease the sorrow was that he left the Princesse Isabell a widdow euen almost as soone as shee had beene a wife for they had not beene married fully eight monthes Princesse Isabels lamentation The Princes body was laied in a herse and carried to the Monastery of battaile The Princesse in token of sorrow did cut off her heire and clothed her selfe in garments befitting her griefe and hauing remained fifteene daies in the house of Vasco Pallos shee went to the Kings pallace one euening without any light where the King Queene and shee kept themselues shut vp a long time giuing themselues to much ouer to griefe and forgetting the health of their owne persons and being in this estate they were visited and comforted on the Kings of Castiles part After this manner King Iohns Court remained desolate and it may bee that God caused this losse to fall vpon him for ouer hastily destroying the great houses of his owne Kingdome especially that of his Aunt D. Beatrice Dutchesse of Viseo whose sonne D. Dominigo a Prince of his bloud hee had slaine with his owne hand The obsequies and funeralls being ended where the King and the great Lords and Ladies of the Realme were present Queene Elenor and the Princesse Isabell excepted shee being sorrowfull and a widdow was brought backe into Castile the same time King Fernand and Queene Isabell were about Granado in the New towne of Saint Foy which they builded King Iohn being in this anguish went backe to Lisbone where this yeere 1492. the two Maisterships of Saint Iames and Auis fell to his sonne D. George for whose gouernor hee appointed D Diego Almeyda sonne to the Earle of Abrantes The end of the three and twentith Booke SEMPER EADEM THE FOVRE AND TVVENtith Booke of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 CHristopher Columbus his first voyage to the Indies 2. Arigorous Edict against the Iewes and Moores 3. King Fernand is hurt at Barcelona Polliticke affaires of Spayne 4. Christopher Columbus returnes backe Good and euill which the world hath receiued by the discouerie of the Westerne Indies The Pope giues those new lands to the Kings of of Castile Columbus his second voyage 5. The Master-ship of S. Iames in the hands of King Fernand as perpetuall Administratour thereof Charles the eight of that name the French King restores the Earledome of Rossillon to King Fernand with other polliticke affaires 6. Order concerning the Spaniards and Portugals nauigations 7. The Master-ship of Alcantara in the hands of King Fernand as perpetuall Administrator thereof the Chancery of Granado and of the country beyond Tejo 8. Originall of the warres betwixt France and Spaine 9. Don Pero Gonçal of Mendoza Cardinall of Spaine dyes Friar Francis Ximenes of Cisneros is promoted to the Archbishoppricke of Toledo 10. Peace betwixt Castile and Nauarre Coronation of King Iohn of Albret and Queene Catherine which was the last in that Kingdome pursuites against the Earle of Lerin 11. VVarre of Naples noble exploites of Gonçalo Fernandes of Cordoua surnamed the great Captaine 12. The Houses of Austria and Spaine allyed together by marriage 13. VVarre in the Earledome of Rossillon 14. The third voyage of Christopher Columbus to the Indies Enterprises vpon the Affricane Moores 15. Don Manuel first of that name and 14. King of Portugal his qualities and vertues c. Edict against the Iewes 16. Vasco
her comming thither but onely for to see them Now after that the King and Queene had made themselues masters of the Cittie of Pampelona the chiefe of the Kingdome and of many other places which they feared they were obeyed and reuerenced by the most part of their subiects and strongly accompanied with Knights and men at armes they did call to remembrance many rash actions committed by the Constable Lewis of Beaumont as well against King Iohn of Arragon and Queene Leonora their Grandmother as against king Francis Phoebus and themselues namely that the Beaumontois had denyed to open them the gates of Pampelona with other such recent occasions whereupon they began to persecute him very sharpely so as the Realme of Nauarre was againe in as great confusion as euer it had beene the two old Factions not forgetting to make vse of any occasions that might hurt one another the which stormes were in some sort quietly calmed by the mediation of King Fernand of Castile Arragon who procured this agreement that the Constable Lewis of Beaumont his brother in law should withdraw himselfe into Castile for a certaine limited time in which meane space either part should lay by their armes and that the said Constables goods and lands should be laied in deposito in King Fernands hands And in this sort the Constable left Nauarre Lewis of Beaâ—mont made Marquis of Huescar but he lost nothing thereby for King Fernand gaue him twice as much reuenue as he had before and made him Marquis of Huescar in Granado The name of open warre ceassed in Nauarre but they left not of committing of many murthers and robberies without feare of law for that nation had beene a long time accustomed to such outrages in contempt of the law the which waxed still worse thorow King Iohn and Queene Catherines negligence who by euill counsell and particular affections vnworthy of soueraigne Princes did at the last bandy themselues in leagues one against the other the King taking part with those of Beaumont and the Queene with the Grammontois whereof infinite miseries ensued During these troubles Gonçalo Fernandes de Cordoua surnamed the Great captaine hauing ioyned the forces that hee brought from Spaine with those that King Fernand had Castile who was driuen forth of Naples and beeing accompained with D. Hugo Cardona the Sicillian did so handle the matter as after that King Charles was departed forth of the Kingdome hee recouered Calabria from the French and draue thence the Lord a' Aubigni who was gouernor in those marches notwithstanding that soone after hee receiued an ouerthrow by him neere to Seminara where King Fernand of Naples had like to haue beene taken prisoner after which Goncalo Fernandes hauing made his retreate to Riâ—oles where he stood a certaine time on his defence and beeing afterwards re-enforced with new supplies out of Sicile and a nauy of three score and tenne ships brought from Meffina by King Fernand hee had courage and meanes to beseege and make himselfe Master of the city of Naples Exploits of Gonsalo Hernandes of Cordoua surnamed the Great captaine with her castles and draue thence Lord Guilbert of Montpensier whom King Charles had left there for gouernour and Lieutenant Generall making such sharpe warre vpon the rest of the French that were left there as King Fernand in short time was restored to his Kingdome by the valour prowesse and discretion of this great captaine which when Don Alphonso vnderstood who of a King was become a Monke in Sicile D. Alphonso from a King become a Monke striueth in vâ—ine from a Monke to become a King hee laboured to recouer his former dignity but his sonne who was in possession thereof and who had valiantly imployed himselfe in the recouery of that which his father had carelesly lost would not giue it ouer wherefore Don Alphonso did not liue long after in his monasticke state for hee died this yeere 1495. The successfull exploits of the Spaniards in the Kingdome of Naples did greatly reioyce King Fernand and Queene Isabella who beeing at Tortosa did agree vpon the marriage of Prince Iohn their sonne and heire to the Kingdomes with Marguerite of Austria daughter to Maximillian then Emperor who was sent home as hath beene said Alâ—iâ—nces betwixt the house of Austria and Casâ—le by Charles the French King and by the same meanes the marriage was concluded betwixt Philip of Austria sonne to the said Emperor and Donna Ioane second daughter to the King and Queene of Castile and Arragon These Princes and Princesses which were married brother and sister to the brother and sister were very nere of kinne by the line of Portugall for Donna Isabella of Portugall wife to Duke Philip of Burgondy was mother to Duke Charles father to Mary who was mother to Philip and to Marguerite of Austria And on the other side D. Leonora of Portugall the Empresse wife to Frederike mother to Maximillian father to Philip and Margnerite was cosin germain to King Fernand daughter to Donna Leonora of Arragon sister to King Iohn his father the which Donna Leonora was wife to King Edward of Portugall These treaties being made the King made some stay at Tortosa and then returned into Castile but they were not long there VVaâ—e betwixt the French and Spaniards in the Earldome of Rosâ—â—llon till the King was constrained to returne to Tortosa to take order for the warre which the French had raised in the Earldome of Rossillon for King Charles beeing highly mooued that the King of Castile contrary to the agreement and promise which hee had made him had sent aide to the King of Naples fought against his armies and townes which hee had conquered had sent a mighty army to the Pirenean hills the which did assaile Sausses defended by Captaine Bernard Francis who was ouer-come and taken Sanses taken by the French and almost al the Spaniards were cut in peeces in the sight of the Spanish Armies commanded by Don Henry Henriques Earle of Alua de Lista and by the King himselfe who was come as farre as Gyrone thinking by vaine shewes to cause the French to retire the which they did but it was because winter drew on 1496. and for want of victualls the enemies Armie being in the like necessity Sausses beeing forsaken dismantled and burnt by the French a truce was taken for foure moneths Among other men of name which dyed at the taking of Sausses were Don Diego de Azeuedo and Pedro de Solis the same hapned the yeare one thousand foure hundred ninety and sixe Queene Isabell remaining at Burgos gaue order for the iourney of her second daughter Don Ioane into Flanders to Phillip of Austria vnto whom shee was promised and for the same purpose shee caused a great Nauie to bee rigged in the Porte of Laredo Queene Isabell the Dowager sick both in body mindâ— whether shee came in person after shee had celebrated the obsequies of
Queene Isabell her Mother who dyed at the same time at Areualo hauing liued a widdow the space of two and forty yeares troubled with sicknesse both of body and minde whose body beeing then laide in the Monasterie of Saint Francis of Areualo was afterward transported to the Carthusians in the Citty of Burgos called Mirefleur where King Iohn her husband was buried Death of Don Iohn de Gamboa The same yeare dyed in Guipuscoa Don Iohn de Gamboa a personage full of yeares and honour who was Maister of the horse to the Kings of Castile and of their Councell Captaine generall of the frontiers of France and Nauarre and gouernor of Fontaraby This Knight left onely two daughters one of which was married in Guipuscoa in the family of Sarauz and the other into Biscay into that of Arteaga The Infanta Don Ioanes voyage into Fâ—anders the Queene gaue the conduct of the Nauie and of the Infanta Donna Ioane her daughter to Don Frederick Henriques high Admirall of Castile her Vnckle beeing accompanied by Donna Maria de Velasco the Admiralls Mother with other Lords Ladyes and Gentlewomen who beeing shipped the Queene went back to Burgos and from thence into Cattalonia to ayde the King her husband In the meane space the great Captaine continued the warre on the one side and King Ferdinand on the other in the kingdome of Naples who were resisted in Calabria by Eberard Stuard Lord of Aubigni assisted by the faction of Aniow and with a few French forces which were left him and in the territorie of Lauoro by the Lord Guilbert of Montpensier Lieutenant generall to the French King in the same kingdome who was besieged in the Citty of Auersa by King Ferdinand and the great Captaine both together and was brought to such extremitie as hee promised if within thirty dayes hee were not succoured to yeeld vp all that the French men held in the kingdome of Naples excepting Gaieta Venosa and Tarentum which were in the hands of strangers vpon condition that they would furnish him with shippes to carry him and his people into France there fell afterwards great sicknesse among the men of warre on either side and Lord Guilbert of Montpensier dyed at Pozzuolo with other French Lords and there dyed likewise on the enemies part diuerse men of note as namely King Ferdinand who had for successour his Vnckle Don Frederick of Arragon brother to Don Alphonso King Frederick stayed not long ere hee besieged Gaietta during which siege the Lord D Aubigni rendred the places which hee held in Calabria by whose example Gaietta Venosa and Tarentum were yeelded and King Frederick by that meanes recouered all the realme of Naples In this warre all the Potentates of Italy shewed themselues enemies to the French All the Potentates of Italy enemies to the French except the Florentines the Florentines excepted who thought by the meanes of the Frenchmen who held Pisa to bring that Cittie into their subiection And the warre beeing ended Pope Alexander did sharply persecute the Vrsins friends and seruants to the house of France and the chiefe of that family Virginio Vrsino an excellent Captaine of all which matters King Ferdinand and Queene Isabell of Castile were aduertized to their great contentment The beginning of the yeare one thousand foure hundred ninetie and seauen the Kings beeing in the Citty of Burgos 1467. they receiued aduertisement that the Armie of Castile was returned which had conducted the Infanta Donna Ioane wife to Philip of Austria and brought Margueret sister to the said Philip betrothed to Prince Iohn who were married in the same Citty Fryer Francis Ximenes Archbishop of Toledo Frier Francis Ximenes of Cisneros Archbishop of Toledo and Primat of Spaine dooing the ceremony and they had for their God-father Don Frederick the Admirall and Donna Maria de Velasco his mother for their God-mother The feasts and magnificences weré great and pompous whereat dyed Don Alphonso de Cardegna second sonne to Don 〈◊〉 de Cardegna great Commander of Leon. The wedding being ended the Coâ—rt came to Medina del campo where Christopher Colombus arriued as a prisoner by the slanders and accusations of the Spaniards his enemies who were impatient of discipline the most enuious of whom was Frier Buil who came back the same time into Spaine neuerthelesse the Kings thinking it an vnseemly matter that such a personage should yeeld account of his actions in quality of an offender they did absolue him of the greaâ— rigor which hee had executed by iustice on the Spaniards with commandement thence-forward to vse those more gently who did crosse so many seas to doe them seruice and they willed him to returne to the Iudges they being highly contented with the reports which hee made of the great riches and wealth which those countries yeelded whereof hee brought them proofes of golde Brazil mother of Pearle Amber pretious Feathers Indian tapstrie and other strange things They did againe rigge forth eight ships for him furnished with men and victuals two whereof hee sent away before laden with victualls and weapons to his brother Bartholomew Colombus who had begun to builde the Cittie of Saint Domingo vpon the riuer of Oçama in the Island of Hispagunola hee with the other sixe parted from Saint Lucar de Barameda and beeing arriued at Madera vnderstanding that there were French Pirates at sea that watched for him beeing drawne thither by the renowne of the wealth of the Indies hee sent onely three of his shippes directly to the Island of Hispagnuola and hee with the other three sayled towards the Isles of Cape vert tending to the Equinoctiall and after great trauaile of heates and calmes hee arriued at Paria the firme land of those West Indies then coasting three hundred and thirty leagues vnto Cape de Velas hee discouered and tooke note of all that countrey where are Cabo Anegado the point of Salinas Cubagua otherwise called the Isle of Pearles the point of Araja Cumana Chiriuichi the Gulphe of Cariari Curiana Saint Roman Veneçuela Coquibocoa and other places from whence hee passed to the new Citty of Saint Domingo and there was receiued for Gouernour to the great griefe of diuerse This was the third voyage that Colombus made to the Indies and then they had already begun to trade and negociate with the Indians by force of armes Colombus his third voyage to the Indies for the violent vsage of them had made them become strange and enemies to the Spaniards so as they left off tilling of their grounds and sowing of their Maiz to the end to constraine them by hunger to leaue the contrey and at the same time as these shippes arriued great number of Indians beeing gathered together did besiege the Spaniards of the Forte of Saint Thomas du Ciabo who were put to flight by Alphonso de Hoiedo Hauing then gotten the Cachique Coanabo into the Forte keeping him prisoner for the death of diuerse Christians more then fiue
recouery of that kingdome out of the French mens hands and he imagned that hee should not transgresse either diuine or humaine lawes if he reputed that conquest to belong to him selfe and if hee should ioyne this action to that which his father and hee pretended in the said Kingdome by reason of the illegitimate succession of Don Fernand bastard to Don Alphonso of Arragon The King of France and Spaine diuide the Realme of Naples and depose King Frederike wherefore he vsing the selfe same pollicy did practize with King Lewis in such sort as they parted the Kingdome of Naples betwixt themselues and dispossessed King Frederike thereof whom they condemned for light and inconstant vnto King Fernand were assigned Calabria and Puglia as countries neere to his Realme of Sicile to the French King Abruzzo and Terra di Lauor where stands the city of Naples on condition that King Fernand should intitle himselfe as hee was wont to doe King of Sicile and the French King should adde to his titles King of Naples and of Ierusalem for all rights pretended by the house of Aniou That these diuisions should be conquered from King Frederike at the particular costs and by the forces of either of these great Kings with condition that the one should not hinder the others conquest This agreement and diuision made and concluded in great secret was afterward allowed and confirmed at Rome by Pope Alexander the sixth the two Ambassadors of France and Castile requiring it and the French King did presently set his hand to the worke sending a mighty army vnder the conduct of Lewis of Armignac Duke of Nemours who enuaded the portion assigned to the King his Master and tooke the cities of Naples Capua and other strong places being assisted by Caesar Borgia Lançol Duke Valentinois who from a Cardinall was become a souldier and murtherer of his owne brother Don Francisco Borgia Lanâ—col Duke of Gandia The great captaine on the other side pressing King Frederike very hardly who beeing amazed to see him selfe shut in betwixt two such mighty enemies beeing not prepared nor strong enough to resist at the last giuing place to necessity hee resolued to make an agreement with the French King making ouer to him all his right and the forts which he held on condition that he might be Duke of Aniou and receiue in France where hee would remaine thirty thousand ducats of yeerely rent This agreement was concluded to Frederikes great losse who contemned King Fernand of Castile or at the least did distrust his friendship perceiuing that contrary to the hope which he had to be aided by him at his need and wherein hee had entertained Prospero Colonna with great numbers of souldiers he did shew himselfe to bee his enemy It may be that the feare which he had of his owne souldiers did hasten him to this conclusion hauing no meanes to pay them their entertainment the fauour of Spaine failing him and fearing least they would haue plaide him the like trick as the Switzers defrauded of their paies had done to the Duke of Milan whom they deliuered to the French King his enemy He went into France with his wife and children his eldest excepted and carried with him his moueables and money King Frederike of Naples goes into France receiuing of Duke Valentine a great sum of glod for his Artillery and munition which he sold to him This King Frederike was the fifth of the house of Arragon who had successiuely held the crowne of Naples counting from King Alphonso of Arragon adopted by Queene Ioane who deceassing at Naples the yeere 1458. left it to his base sonne Fernand hee to his sonne Alphonso Alphonso inforced by Charles the eight gaue it ouer to his sonne Fernand by whose death the Kingdome fell to Frederike his vncle The great captaine makes none account of keeping his faith and promise who hauing reigned foure yeeres made it ouer to King Lewis of France and died in the city of Tours leauing his eldest sonne D. Fernand of Arragon Duke of Calabria heire to all that he possest whom he had left fortified in the inexpugnable city of Tarentum with D. Iohn de Gueuara Earle of Potentia and other Knights who neuerthelesse being beseeged and assailed by the great captaine did yeeld vpon condition to bee set at liberty the which was not performed for the great captaine to preuent the inconueniences which might happen detained and sent them prisoners into Spaine About the time of the agreement betwixt these two Kings not long before Claude daughter to King Lewis was borne shee was presumptiue heire to the Duchy of Britan There was motion made of marrying her when she should come to age with Charls of Austria sonne to the Archduke Philip and to the Infanta D. Ioane his wife who pursuing there voyage into Spaine went thorow France and were by King Lewis his command greatly honored in all places and namely in the city of Paris Among other poynts and articles of this Treatie of marriage it was concluded as the Spaniards write betwixt the Emperour Maximillian pretending right to the Dutchie of Milan and King Lewis who then possessed it that hee by whose fault this marriage was not accomplished Homage for Flanders and Artois refused to the French King should forfeit all his right in the sayd Dutchie The Arch-duke and the Infanta his wife beeing at Paris were required by the King to do him homage as to their Soueraigne for the Earledome of Flanders and other lands belonging to the Crowne whereat the Infanta Donna Ioane was so displeased as albeit shee were in the Kings dominions shee did obstinatly contradict it and would neuer consent therunto These two houses by the iust iudgement of God were appoynted to vexe one another by long warre in time to come for to scourge the world It is an hard matter to entertaine the friendship of great men or when it is disioyned to set it firmely together againe The houses of Spayne and France in former times vnited by holy concord and most profitable friendship did first of all disagree about the Earledome of Rossillon pawned to King Lewis the eleuenth by King Iohn of Arragon for 3. hundred thousand crownes about the restitution whereof pernitious warres ensued the which in some sort beeing composed they were afterward renewed concerning the Kingdome of Naples and either part did not let to search and take all occasions lawful or faigned to hurt one another and to violate and breake all agreements procured betwixt them in such sort as there is no Region on the earth which hath not beene troubled with their quarrels or felt the miseries and calamities of their warres The agreement made betwixt the two Kings diuiding another mans Kingdome did not last long for before the yeare was ended there arose a great quarrell betwixt the two Kings Gouernours and Lieutenants in the Kingdome of Naples about a bitte of ground lying betwixt Puglia and Abruzzo called
Iohn and Andrew Phoebus who dyed both yong Henrie who succeeded them in the estates of Foix Bearn and in the title of Nauarre and was born three daies after the death of Andrew Phoebus his brother Geneolâ—gie of Nauarre in the town of Sanguessa in the yere one thousand fiue hundred and three in the month of Aprill the godfathers at the Christening were two Germaine Pilgrimes which past by chance at the time of his birth to goe to Saint Iaques whereof the one was called Henrie and the other Adam the which the king his father did by deuotion but the Spaniards say that it was an aduertisement and presage of his future condition that he should liue a stranger and Pilgrim out of his realme Besides these hee had Charles named by some Francis who dyed in the Lord of Lautrees voyage to Naples Katherine Anne Quiteriâ— Magdeline Isabell and fiue other children whose names are not specified for they dyed young Of the daughters Anne was betrothed but not marryed the earle of Candale for shee dyed at the assurance making into which house the Queene of Nauarres aunt called Katherine also had beene married shee was mother to Queene Anne of Hungarie wife to king Ladislaus Isabell married with the earle of Rohan in Brittaine This king D. Iohn of Albret was full of pompe and state in his court and house the which was frequented by the nobility both of Spaine France and other nations Disposition of king Iohn of Nauarre as much as any of the greatest monarchs His studie and delights were diuers for he loued learning and books whereof hee made a goodly Librarie hee was curious in the search of Genealogies of noble families and would vnderstand their armes and blasons yet sometimes he made some noble that were of small merit hee tooke great delight to discourse priuately and familiarly with his vassals and others as if hee had been no king but a priuate gentleman hee daunced willingly and did so little mainteine his royall grauitie as hee made no difficultie to come into publike assemblies and to dance in the streets with wiues and virgins after the countrie maner he went familiarly to dine and sup and to make good cheare in his subiects houses inuiting himselfe the which did winne him the loue of some and made him to bee scorned of others as not knowing how to hold his ranke the which hee held of the French humor whereas the princes doe sometimes make themselues too familiar with petty companions Hee was so giuen to his pleasures as many times he referred matters of greatest importance to others the which did purchase him contempt and hatred with many for by this meanes against his oath and promise made at his coronation many strangers were admitted to estates offices and benefices within the realme of Nauarre wherof there were sundrie admonitions and protestations made vnto him in the assemblie of the estates by the noblemeÌ„ of the realm but he did not regard it for hee thought to find a great support in the king of Castilles friendship yet notwithstanding king FerdinaÌ„d did not forbeare to capitulat with Lewis 12 the FreÌ„ch king who should help to dispossesse him of the realm of Nauar to inuest Gaston of Foix duke of Nemours son to Iohn vicont of Narbone brother to queene Germain which D. Ferdinand did afterwards sease on vpon another occasion 1597 as we will shew About the end of the yeare one thousand fiue hundred and sixe the Duke of Valentinois hauing escaped from Medina del Campo and being come Ihon of Albret king of Nauarre the Queene his wife fall into factions as we haue said into Nauarre he found that the King D. Iohn of Albret and the Queene his wife were growne into factions one against another the King fauouring them of Beamont and the Queene the others of Gramont wherefore the Duke shewing therein both iudgement and affection hee dealt so as hee reconciled them making the King his brother in law to fauor the faction of Gramont wherewith the contrary partie was much troubled yet Lewis of Beamont the Constable a man of a great courage maintained himselfe still proudly in his ranke so as on a time a certaine Officer comming to giue him notice of some commaundement from the King he caused him to be beaten with cudgells Rashnesse of the Earle of Lerin which caused his ruine and to be cast into prison in the castle of Larraga making shew that he did not much respect the King nor his Aduersaries of Gramont which were fauored by him which was the cause of his ruine for the King being iustly incensed at this audacious fact hauing by many messages sent for him to Court and hee not obeying hee resolued to ruine him quite He had to friend although he were of the contrary faction D. Alfonso Carillo of Peralta Earle of Saint Stephen sonne to Troilo Carillo and grandchild to D. Alfonso Carillo of Acugna Archbishop of Toledo who did aduertise him of all that was practised against him aduising him by no meanes to come to the Court vnlesse hee would fall into their ambushes By reason of this contumacie the King hauing caused his processe to be made SenteÌ„ce against the Earle of Lerin he was condemned to loose both life and goods as guiltie of high treason and hauing sent forth troupes for the execution of this Sentence he gaue the charge to the Duke of Valentinois his brother in law to pursue him with all extremitie of warre the which the Duke beganne by the siege of the castle of Larraga the eleuenth of February 1507. But a Gentleman called Oger of Berastegui who commanded there defended it brauely so as both the King who was there in person and the Duke left it and went to Viana whereas the towne made not any resistance but the castle held good although they were scanted for victualls whereof the Earle of Lerin the Constable being aduertised he resolued to relieue it Castle of Viana besieged by the Duke of Valentinoâ— for the effecting whereof hauing gathered together about two hundred horse and some foot hee came to Mandauia to watch some opportunitie to execute his designe the which succeeded happily for the same night there did rise a horrible tempest which made the Duke thinke that the enemy would not goe to field and that they would not aduenture to succour the besieged wherefore he retired his gardes and sentinells which he did vsually set vpon all the approches to the castle wherein hee was deceiued although he were held for a wise and discreet Commâ—under for through fauour of the noyse of the winde and the great raine three score horses parted from Mandauia Viana viâ—â—ualled by the Earle of Lerin euery one carrying a sacke of meale and some baked bread which prouision they put into the castle by a posterne and were not discouered Morning being come in their retreit they discouered certain horsmen vpon the
most part peopled Moreouer it is certaine and it doth plainely appeere to those that consider things rightly â—iscomm â—ities by the discourse of the weâ—â— Indies that all other regions and states of Europe yea and Spaine it selfe are hurt in many respects for since the plentie of Indian gold al things are more deere and impaired By this mettall which passeth currently with the armes of Spaine Inuention and Industrie are made dull and sleepie and thereby Trueth and Honestie are corrupted By this Indian gold the Kings of Spaine who were wont to entertaine friendship with other Potentates their neighbours are now growne full of contentions They entertaine many souldiers and make continuall leuies beeing neuer without quarrells so as they and their subiects are in continuall troubles as it happens alwayes to those who to afflict others loose their owne quiet and rest By this gold the Kings of Spaine presumed to haue away made to a monarchie in Europe and haue ingaged themselues in vnnecessarie warres vpon diuers pretexts which haue kept backe the Christians forces whilest that the Turke got Hungarie and made other lamentable breaches into Christendome and by this holie or cursed gold Charles the fift Emperour or King of Spaine made warre against the Germans vnder colour of religion though the true cause was to force them to suffer the Empire to be hereditarie in his house Hee vanquished them but not without the aide of other Germans corrupted with his gold hee triumphed ouer all the princes estates and townes of the Empire and thought hee had attained to the height of happinesse but behold Henrie the second the French king staies him sodainely with the valour of his Armes accompanied with Iustice and maketh him desist hearing that the French army approached neere vnto the Rhine the Germans receiued this good turne at that time of the French their friends neighbours and brethren Germany freed froÌ„ seruitude by the French to recouer their libertie and the dignitie of the Empire A worthie and fresh example to shew that Fraunce precedes Spaine in qualities which giue splendor and dignitie to Kings that is in valour accompanied with iustice and in a charitable protectioÌ„ of the oppressed that true riches consist in sufficieÌ„t which is always found in France But who could forbeare to smile to heare the scorching aire the drie barren ground of Spaine preferred before the milde and temperate climate of Fraunce whereas the Spaniards seek reliefe in all their necessities as euerie man knowes what good comparison can be made of the men and fruits which Spain produceth with them of France whereas so many religious actiue and ready wits are bred such goodlie and nimble bodies so curteous and pleasing in behauior of such inuincible courages in all great and difficult enterprises whereas so many great captaines were borne who planted colonies throughout all the world a nation which hath made the Turke to tremble hearing only the name of Franc or French which hath furnished so many Popes soueraigne pastors to the Church and so perfect as the Spaniards cannot compare with them be it in regard of their vertue or number which hath produced so many great emperors fathers of nations amplifiers of the Christian religion sons to so many noble kings of so great antiquitie as no others can attaine vnto it Let the kings of Spaine glorie of the families of the Balthes and Hamales raigning among the Gothes fatall nations which haue brought nothing but miseries and ruines into Europe where in the end they themselues haue bin â—uined and extinct but that the Spaniards would now make them liue againe amongst them But that they are descended by issue male froÌ„ the Merouingians or Carlouingians as some of their feed chroniclers suggest they themselues vant ther is not any but they that speak it their profes are very obscure vain and subiect to many inuented fables The princes of the familie of Austria Beginning of the Kings of Spaine issued from the house of Austria from whence the kings of Spaine at this day are descended are issued as the French said from the earles of Habsbourg the which Earledome was a verie small thing in that part of Germany which is now called Ergow amoÌ„g the Suisses in the yeere 1272. This place of Habsbourg wherof they intitled themselues earles is now a ruinous castle hath often changed master As some report it was one Rapat or Rathoth which layd the first foundations as also of the Abbey of Murre where they find some charters from the which they haue drawne their genealogie since this Rapat vnto Raoul or Rodulphus the fift of that name among those Earles who was chosen emperour of the Romans at such time as there was a great schisme among the Germans they found that this house had bin first brought into credit by a bishop of Strausbourgh brother or neere kinsman to the said Rapat They also shewed by the testimony of some writers that this Rodolphus Earle of Habsbourg was so poore as he was forced for a time to serue as steward to Ottocaire the titularie king of Bohemia and that afterwards ayming at the commodities of the Church he did insinuate himselfe into the fauor of an archbishop of Mentz whom he did accompany in a voyage which he made to Rome and was so gratious with him as at their return finding the princes of Germany strangely diuided into factions for the imperiall dignitie which had bin void aboue 25 yeeres this archbishop caused Rodulphus to be chosen K. of Romans by his credit which was great and by means of the princes contentions who would not yield one vnto another by the same fauour he was easily confirmed by pope Gregory 10 who was then at Lion at a generall Councell Rodulphus hauing attained to this dignitie imployed himselfe happily to pacifie the quarrels of Germany and as he was politike he neglected no occasion to aduance his owne affaires mannaging his good fortune in such sort as he caused the duchies of Austria Sueuia Stiria and Carinthia to fall into his house with the realme of Bohemia for a season and the Landgrauiat of Alsacia with other lands and fees of the Empire the which fell void during the said troubles most of the which haue remained to his posteritie So by these vnexpected euents and contrary to all mens expectations this house of Habsbourg grew famous as God doth sometimes raise the poore and make of a Sheepheard a King when he pleaseth There was some light saied they vnto that time of the house and familie of Austria issued without contradiction from the estates of Habsbourg but whereas Writers seeke to draw their auncestors from the Princes of Austracia of the French race of Merous It is a meer vanitie rashnes for theÌ„ to wander through the desarts of these turbulent times where there is no path nor way to lead them to the knowledge of such
auntient beginnings For the ground whereof they suppose one Sigebert who it may be neuer was froÌ„ whom they would draw the families of the Erles of Habsbourg and others and they say that he was sonne to Theodebert king of Austrasia he that was dispossest of his estate and slaine at the instigation of Queene Brunhalt by Theodoric king of Burgondie she being grandmother to these 2 princes That Theodebert and all his sonnes being slaine except Sigebert who hauing escaped the massacre was sent into high Burgondie beyond Mount Iura where he begat sonnes and daughters and that his issue was dispersed into diuers families of Germanie but the French maintained that this pretended Sigebert was fained and fabulous as doth appeare by the best French writers who say that Brunhalt her selfe slue all the sonnes of Theodebert casting her selfe a little one being in his swathing cloths against the stone whose name was Mâ—rouee Theodoric hiâ— other grandchild being also poisoned by her she punished by Clotaire king of France hauing also rooted out the vnlawfull race of Theodoric he vnited the realmes of Austrasia Burgondie to his crowne afterwards hee gaue Austrasia with the title of a realme to his son Dagobert who comming to that of France inuested his sonne Sigebert who dying king of Austrasia left one onely sonne called Dagobert in the garde of Grimoald Maior of his palace who sent his Pupil into Scotland where hee caused him to bee made a monke and soone after died and then hee caused his owne sonne Hildebert to be crowned king But the French to reuenge this disloyaltie brought an armie against him slew Hildebert and carried the father to Paris where hee died in prison Since which Austrasia and Burgundy were gouerned by Maiors of the Palace or Viceroyes vnto Pepin who was crowned King of Fraunce by reason of the idlenesse of Childeric the last king of the race of the Merouingians not by fraud nor violent vsurpation and much lesse through the fauour approbation or counsell of any Pope as some say but by the election consent of the princes and estates of France and therefore with a more iust title if there be any comparison than that by the which the kings of Spaine doe now hold the realme of Nauarre for it is a fundamentall right which neuer dies among the French to haue libertie to choose their kings prouided alwayes that they goe not out of the masculine line of the blood royall in case of some great incapacitie or for some other important accident which concernes the publique good and preseruation of that crowne state which nation among other good humours cannot endure a strangers commaund no not of their owne princes when they seeke hatefull alliances elsewhere and that contemning the honors and sweetnes of their owne country they affect the manners and fashions of strangers whereof Charles of France duke of Lorraine made trial after the decease of king Lewis the 5 his nephew before whom Hugh Capet was preferred being also a prince of the blood but not so neere whom the French reiected for that he was wholie giuen to the fashions of the Germans which are much more tollerable to the French than those of the Spaniards who seek at this day to pretend a right vnder fained genealogies to quarrell for the crowne of France if opportunitie serue whereupon they did conclude that if their auncesters could not indure a prince of France Germanized they should hardly euer accommodate themselues with princes of the German race but Spaniolized yea transformed into meere Spaniards both by nature and education if they should prooue directly that the house of Austria come from the Earles of Habsbourg were descended from the Merouingians and that pretended Sigebert They added moreouer that if the historians of the house of Austria could prooue that their fained Sigebert had beene in the world and could trace out his posteritie directly to Philip King of Spaine now raigning yet could they not make it appeare that either he or Theodebert his father were capable of the crowne of France by reason of the vncertainty of their blood for that queen Brunhalt reported that Theodebert was a supposed childe and that hee was not brother to Theoderic nor son to king Childebert of the blood of France Moreouer they demanded of these curious searchers of the rights of the house of Austria where these princes descending from the pretended Sigebert were hidden whenas the scepter of the French was transferred into the familie of Charles Martell to Pepin and then to Hugh Capet why did they not shew themselues then or at the least make some solemn protestation to preserue their pretensions rights to the crown of France if they thought they had any For they might haue done it safely especially since that they of Habsbourg came vnto the empire and were growne mighty but it is strange that neuer any prince of that race opened his mouth nor imploied any Chronicler to colour this imaginarie title no not the emperor Charles 5 who wanted no ambition seeking to lay hold of it by force only and the right of coÌ„quests D. Philip his son is the first of his family that talks of this antieÌ„t Merouingian nobilitie hath begun to cause instructions to be drawne to entertain his greedie desire to denour France imploying also with the like designe the aliances made by them of his race with the blood of France by mariages thinking thereby to maintain in the house of Spain some hereditary preteÌ„sions to the realm of France if he had no other support The which in good termes of Law is called to slaunder or to cauill which is when one contends for that which is notorious for euery man knows that the realm of France is no inheritance but a succession of the males by reason of the blood and that it respects not the women being contrary to the inueterate custome of the French Thus the French and their partisans restrained the Antiquity the Nobilitie of the kings of Spaine brought them to the house of Habsbourg in Germanie saying notwithstanding that they of Habsbourg and Austria haue great reason to commend the aliances contracted by marriages with the house of France for if they haue drawne any lustre from the Germane empire in Rodulphius the first and other Emperours of their familie they haue made it perfect by the marriages which some of them haue contracted with the Princesses of the blood of Fraunce witnesse the Emperour Maximilian who hauing married the heire of Burgondie had so great lands and possessions by her besides the companie of a noble ladie as he made a waie thereby for Philip his son and his descendants to attaine vnto their greatnes But comming now to the chiefe points which should be decided in this question propounded in a generall Councell which are the pietie and religion of people their princes and their duties and merits to the church of God and to his ministers
all the royall familie which was to be auoided All which passions together Inquisitors chiefe of the Councell of Spaine were of such force with the king as he beleeued the Inquisitors without whose aduice there is nothing of importance done in Spaine and others which were of that Councel persuading him that it was lawfull expedient to make away the prince his son and the Queene his wife and the child shee went with which they held to be a son but it proued a daughter whereof they caused her to be deliuered with drinks This Historie was thus reported to queene Catherine dowager of France mother to D. Isabella by such as she had imploied to vnderstād the truth therof by some which had serued the prince D. Charles when he was committed to prison who retyring themselues into France she would heare The suspition the king had of the loyaltie of queene Isabell his wife was not for the prince his Son as many haue beleeued for he was as wee haue said insufficient for women And although he would be idle in speech and that there were found among his papers some notes of his owne hand touching that subiect yet carnall pleasures were the least of his desires and as for the Queene there was nothing more modest in Spain by the report of Spaniards themselues who haue written bookes But it hath beene verified by credible informations that her ill-willers which sought her ruin made vse of the notable malice of a French gentlewoman one of those which was suffered to stay with her when as soone after her comming into the countrie they did order her houshold and limit her traine Treacherie a diuelish reuenge They say that this vnworthie woman for that the Queene had giuen away a place which was void to one of her companions hauing promised it vnto her to be reuenged of her Mistres had giuen it out that she had been indiscreetly and scandalously familiar with the Marquesse of Poza who according to the custome of Spain termed himselfe seruant in shew to her that had bene preferred before her This comming to the kings eares was easily beleeued for hee was alreadie in some doubt hee beeing informed by some wayward spirits that this Marquesse who was of the house of Rojas being a gallant knight did talke more familiarly vnto the queen than any other entertained her with pleasant discourses whereat shee did laugh after the maner of France more freely than it seemed fit for their Spanish grauitie This wound being now again toucht the king sought an occasion to haue this Marquesse apprehended commanding him to keepe his house being in Madrid where going one night forth to visit his mother and an vncle of his that was a bishop retyring verie late home in a night-gowne and slippers being accompanied by two pages which carried torches before him he was set vpon by men vnknown and slaine vpon the place There were diuers opinions concerning this murther but most thoght it was done by the kings secret commaundement Death of the Marquesse of Poza although hee seemed to bee much offended For there being a great sum of money promised by proclamation to them that should discouer the authours and doers of this murther there were many bils set vp in the Portugall tongue declaring that it was the king himselfe which had caused the Marquesse of Poza to be slaine challenging him by way of mockerie to pay the money which hee had promised but they had not set to their names Hereupon there was great search made and some Innocents taken and so cruelly tortured as they died being onely suspected for that they were Portugals The Queene soone after the death of the Prince D. Charles began to find herselfe ill with accidents and apparent signes of poison whereof notwithstanding shee did in no sort doubt but tooke light remedies as one that was with child by the order of such as had bin accustomed to giue her phisick The businesse proceeding slowly contrarie to that which they expected the king hauing one night discoursed long with her touching her infirmitie hee told her plainly that she must take some strong purgation and that his Phisitions who by his commandement did looke vnto her had told him that they despaired of her life if she tooke no other phisicked than that she vsed But as she tooke no delight to change her vsuall maner nor to be phisicked by any other than her owne trusting aboue all others in an Apothecarie of hers borne at Blois she excused her selfe vpon her being with childe saying that shee thought it was a Sonne for that shee found herselfe otherwise disposed then she had beene and that they must consider well thereon But being much prest by the king shee said vnto him that shee would doe what hee pleased not thinking that what they intended was so readie But earely the next day in the morning they brought her a drinke a bole and tablets all of one composition as they said but so varied in form to the end she might take that which was least distastfull vnto her She tooke the poison not distrusting any thing vntill she felt her selfe opprest with great pangs which made her be deliuered of a daughter that was some fiue moneths olde after which shee had vomitings and strange voidings which quencht all the force and vigour that remained in her Being neere her end the king came to visit her in a mourning weed seeming to be much afflicted whome she comforted and among other words shee said vnto him That shee reioyced that she was going to a quiet kingdome Speech of the Queen D. Isabell dying to the king not subiect to alteration as worldlie states be that shee did not craue pardon of him knowing in her conscience that shee had neuer willingly offended him She recommended her wiating women and some French officers whom shee had not meanes to recompence for the seruices they had done her and in the end of October on Saint Francis eue she dyed Christian like She was lamented of all Spaine where they did beleeue that this Princesse was a Saint she was assisted in her sickenesse for matters of conscience by the Cardinall of Espinosa Inquisitor generall D. Bernard of Fresueda bishop of Cuenca the kings Confessor Frier Dominicke de Chauas another of the kings Confessors who had also beene to the prince D. Charles and others She was interred in the Monasterie of las Descalsas built at Madrid by the Infanta D. Ioane Mother to D. Sebastian king of Portugall The Gentlewoman which had slaundred her and was the cause of her misfortune was married in the Countrie and died there the lady of honour serued her daughter D. Isabella Clara Eugenia the rest were sent backe into France from whome they vnderstood these particularities A notable example of the practises of Princes Courts of the vanitie and instabilitie of worldlie greatnesse and of the miseries wherein kings plunge themselues by suspitions
gaue money Such as did not obey his commaundements and were slow in comming to the towne hee vsed with all rigour causing their houses to bee opened and their goods to bee sold for the charges of the warre If any rich man within the towne fearing to be taxed or forced to pay mony did seeke to escape he was stayed at the Port stript and put in prison so as the great fauor which Don Antonio had found at his first coming grew now cold His most constant friends were the begging Friars many of which leauing their hoods tooke armes and garded the ports or followed him and made a company in his armie which he sought to rayse of this multitude hauing no other but they shewed themselues mutinous and rebellious when they came to lye in field a practise which Shoo-makers Taylors Mercers Vintners and the other skumme of the people had not beene inured vnto by whome the estate and reputation of Don Antonio were supported who could not bee ignorant of this absurditie but that glorious name of King couered all defects and made all dangers light Hee had sent Diego de Meneses to Cascais with some troupes to gard the passage yet hee did not thinke the enemie would haue past there but rather would haue gone aboue the towne towards Saint Iren where the riuer growes narrow for towards the sea it is very broade but notwithstanding any thing that Meneses could do the Duke of Alba past vnder Cascais at a place called Marines Vechos neither did he euer seeke to hinder his landing nor offer him skirmish so hauing forced Meneses to retire the Duke was master of the field Don Antonio who expected some good seruice from Diego de Meneses had made him Generall of his forces by land and his brother George de Meneses of his armie at sea where he had good Gallions and some other Vessels but growing iealous of George he had taken his charge from him and put him in prison It may bee hee would haue done as much to Diego if hee presented himselfe before him after the Dukes passage but hee put himselfe into the Castle of Cascais which cost him his life Don Antonio King of Portugall must of necessitie issue foorth of Lisbone against the Duke and fight with him for his honour but hee found himselfe very vnfit for it for neyther by faire meanes nor rigour could he gather together at that time aboue a thousand foote and some fiue hundred horse ill appoynted and neuer trayned vp in the warres neither could hee possibly stay them aboue that day for night beeing come most of them returned to the towne to supper for that there was not any breade in his campe The Duke of Alba meaning to attempt Cascais found it abandoned by the inhabitants the castle which was somewhat strong refused to yeeld whereupon it was battered and forced The captaine who commanded there called Antonio Pereira was hanged and his souldiers stript Diego de Meneses was found in this place whose head the Duke caused to be cut off although there were some that did sue for his life The cittie of Lisbon beeing amazed at the taking of Cascais expecting to heare the like of the Castle of S. Iulian which is as it were their key they protested to D. Antonio that they wold make their peace if he did not put himselfe in defence who offred himselfe to go if they wold follow him Then euery man was forced to take armes and go to field euen the Negro slaues of the which there is a great multitude in that Citty so as of one and other hee found himselfe to haue an armie of 8000. men ill armed ill apparelled and ill led for there was scarce one that could execute the office of a Sergeant or place a Sentinell with which troupe he went and camped at Alcantara within fiue miles of S. Iulian which the Duke did beseege and batter which place was yeelded vnto him by Tristanvaz by the perswasion of a woman who had obtayned a safe-conduct from the Duke to draw foorth a daughter of hers with her husband which were within it Cabeça Secca which was a fort built vppon the sand in the midst of the riuer right against S. Iulian was also abandoned to the Duke Army of Don Anâ—onio put to râ—nt So as there was not any thing that could hinder him from camping to the citty gates but Belem and Don Antonio's armie which lay in ther ill-made trenches at Alcantara and kept that bridge the which was forced in it's lodging and put to route by the Duke and chased euen into the towne with some slaughter Don Antonio escaped by flight being hurt but he stayd not there for passing through the town and as it were bidding them farewell whom he could not defend he tooke the way to S. Iren hauing caused his wound to be drest at Sacaben where he might haue bene taken if they had poursued him but he had the good hap to find meanes to retire to Coimbra which of all the townes in the Realme had most resisted King Philip and most disputed their pretended rights It is the onely Vniuersitie of Portugall for all faculties which had giuen aduice and counsell contrarie to the Doctors of Castile The Duke of Alba tooke Belem and soone after the Magistrates of Lisbone came to offer him the keys of the Cittie demaunding their liues and goods the which was promised them for King Philips meaning was to haue it preserued yet they could not preuent it but the goodly suburbe which was vpon the way Lisbone yeelds to K. Philip. was spoyled and all the houses and gardens which were about the cittie whither the Inhabitants had retired themselues by reason of the plague and had carried most of their best moueables thither King Philips gallies which were entred into the riuer tooke them of Portugall and the eleuenth of September that yeare 1580. the Duke of Alba tooke possession in the king his masters name of the citty of Lisbone and made him to be sworne and acknowledged the people crying Real Real for King Philip. Whilst that the Duke of Alba did these exploites in Portugall King Philip was at Badajos whereas he fell so dangerously sick as the Phisitions despayred of his life and it was bruted in Portugall that he was dead so as many Noblemen did put on mourning weedes and among others the King Don Antonio He recouered but his Queene Donna Anna who fell sicke at the same time of a continuall feuer Death of Q. Anne of Castile dyed The newes of the taking of Libone beeing knowne at Court and what had followed many Courtiers sought to disgrace the Duke of Alba's actions accusing him of great negligence to haue suffered Don Antonio to escape they sayd that he was more fitte to destroy then to edifie not knowing how to do his master seruice not to get him the possession of any thing but defiled spoyled and made vnprofitable and with such
Milan to Vailledolit but the vnseasonable Winter made her to stay vntil the Spring from whence they went to Genoua where they imbarked in the beginning of March they past to Sauone where for the discommoditie of the sea they were forced to stay some dayes at the end whereof they went along the shore by Monaco and Villa-franca and came to Nice in the countie of Terra-noua which at this day the duke of Sauoy holds but in former times was belonging to the countie of Prouence After which they came and cast anker in the port of Marseilles where they rested to ease the queene The duke of Sauoy had entertained and feasted her verie royally neither did the duke of Guise who was the kings Lieutenant in Prouence omit any thing being so commanded by the king Lands at Marsâ—illes where he refresht the gallies with victuals and all other necessaries The queene would not land but onely to heare masse in a tent which was pitcht vpon the key in forme of a chappell The Archduke landed there with two gallies and went to visit the reliques of S. Victor and other venerable reliques which done hee returned presently vnto the queene and so they parted from Castle Iâ—z in a cleere and calme day but there followed a present storme the which had cast them vpon the sands whereas the riuer of Rhosne dischargeth it selfe into the sea if the wisedome and foresight of Doria had not preuented it He knew the place and the danger and doubting of the inconstancie of the weather he would not passe without the aduice of the mariners who were all doubtfull in their opinions Prouidence is alwayes better than repentance In this supension of judgement a mariner passing by wisht them not to proceed for in lesse than three houres they should haue a contrarie wind which would carrie them directly to the daunger which they would willingly auoyd Doria beleeued him against the opinion of some and the shewes of the weather being loath to attend vntill he were forced to take some daungerous resolution Wherefore he retired his gallies into a place of safetie and the storme did arise sooner than the mariner had told them They thought at Marseilles that all had beene lost and their beliefe had not beene vaine if Doria had not giuen credit to that which the best aduised could not beleeue The daunger being past they continued their voyage along the coast of Cattelonia they saluted Barcelona and came to the port of Rode they surmounted the Promontorie of the Moone and came to Alfaques which is at the strait of Gibraltar on Africke side and in the end they put in at the port of Binaros Queene of Spaine arriues at Binaros in the realme of Valencia from whence the queene sent prince Dorias sonne to the Catholike king to aduertise him of her happie voyage and safe arriuall The last of March they came to S. Mathew wheras the marquesse of Denia came to salute the queene in the behalfe of the king her husband and to acquaint her with his Majesties speciall intentions Passing from thence to Gabanes and Villa-reall they went and stayed at Moluiedro a village built of the ruines of Sagunt an auncient towne allied to the Romans The Archduke Albertus tooke post there and went with all speed to kisse the kings hands and to visit the Infanta his spouse from whence hee past to Madrid to see the Empresse his mother where hee stayed foure dayes and then returned to Valencia The king in the meane time burning with an amorous desire to see his new queen came in a disguised habit like one of his noblemen making his pretence to be sent from the king to kisse her hands but he was discouered by the princesses and ladies which then attended the queene where he was receiued with an incredible joy and content to them all In the meane time they made wonderfull preparation at Valencia Magnificence at Valencia at the king of Spainâ— mariage for the celebration of these mariages all which being readie on the seuenteenth day of Aprill the queene made her entrie into Valencia with so goodly a traine of princes and noblemen there assembled as the glistering of their glorious and sumptuous apparel the varietie of colours and the shining of the gold did dazle the eyes of the beholders Before this royall assemblie there marcht fiue companies of men at armes after whom followed thirtie kettle drummes on horsebacke with trumpets clairons and hautbois which did sound continually then came the courteors in troupe without any precedence or prerogatiue of rank among which there were foure hundred young noblemen like vnto pages of honour gallantly attired attended on by their pages and footmen some hauing six others eight some ten yea twentie twentie foure twentie six and more attired in their liueries of diuers colours richly appointed There were moreouer 700 knights of honor in the queens colours which were white and crimzon gilt the ground satten Then there followed foure knights carrying royall maces after whom followed the Stewards of the queenes house and then sixteene of the Grandos of Spaine Next marched the heraulds with their cassockes richly imbrodered with the kings armes after whom went the Lord Steward and the Master of the horse and last of all came the queene on horsebacke vnder a canopie of cloth of gold the which was carried by twentie of the chiefe nobles of Valencia and the reines of her bridle being of silke and gold were held by the greatest lords of that kingdome The queenes gowne was of cloth of gold the ground siluer very richly imbrodered with pearle and precious stones so as there could be no more added The queenes mother and the Archduke Albert followed with the queenes cabinet and a great number of princes and noblemen and to finish their nuptiall pompe the princesses and ladies came last of all in their carroches and coaches Some thought that there were spent in this nuptiall pompe three millions of ducats The queene hauing entred the port where there was a stately triumphant Arch made shee was led vnto the church which was hung with cloth of tissue The high altar was royally appointed before the which there was an Oratorie erected couered with cloth of gold able to containe three persons there was also another which might hold fiue which was seene by them all and was verie commodious to kneele in thither the queene went after that shee had kist the Crosse which was wonderfully inriched with reliques being presented vnto her by the Patriarke who was Archbishop of Valencia The Catholike king came downe into the church with his sister the Infanta by a priuie way which was made of purpose where the Popes Nuncio the solemnitie of the ceremonie being ended demaunded of the king first and then of the Archduke if they did ratifie the mariages which had beene contracted before by their embassadours and celebrated by the Pope Which either of them confirming they all went vp
Grandoes of Spaine couered His Lordship hauing deliuered his message by his interpretor his letters into the kings own hands coÌ„ming from his chaire he gaue his Lordship a very kind honorable entertainment causing him to sit neere vnto him which fauour was much obserued as a thing sayd the Spaniards neuer vsed to any embassadour before that time After some conference the noblemen and gentlemen hauing kist the kings hand his Lordship was conducted by the Constable and others to the queenes presence where shee sate vnder a rich cloth of Estate and the Infanta by her hee was receiued by the Major Domo to the queene and conducted to her presence where hauing ended his complements being somewhat late he tooke his leaue and returned with those dukes and lords vnto his lodging On the nineteenth of May King of Spaine goes in procession being Sunday the king went in procession going first to S. Paules church neere the Court and then through the town to S. Maries after this maner First went the Monkes and religious Orders singing and bearing crosses banners and other church reliques the Sacrament being also carried by foure officers of the Church Then followed diuers noblemen in their rankes according to their degrees And next before the kings owne person went the younger of the princes of Sauoy After king followed the cardinall being Archbishop of Toledo and with him the prince of Sauoy his elder brother Then followed the prince of Maroc with the Emperours embassador the embassador of France and he of Venice after whom followed diuers gentlemen of the kings chamber and the rest of the traine After dinner the same day there was preparation made for the Christening of the prince Christening of the prince of Spaine There was a large scaffold made for their passage at the end of a long gallerie and joyned to the church the timber of which scaffold was couered with rich cloth of gold They came vnto the church after this manner The trumpets were set in seuerall companies neere vnto the church still sounding and answering one another About foure of the clocke there past by this scaffold to go into Saint Paules church the Knights Lords and Grandoes going before and some Dukes of especiall name bearing sundrie ceremonies as the salt carried by one a wax taper by another then came the Constable who carried the Crowne before whom went the king at Armes The duke of Lerma bare the prince in his armes being tied vnto him with a rich scarse he was assisted by the prince of Sauoy and the earle of Miranda Then followed the Infanta in a chaire the which diuers gentlemen of the kings bed-chamber and priuie chamber carried on their shoulders the younger prince of Sauoy going by At the church doore the cardinall attended them in his pontificall robes hauing three bishops and other officers of the Church with him and so they conducted them with singing vnto the Font the which was richly couered with a canopie of cloth of gold The cardinall performed the ceremonie the which ended with church musicke sounding of trumpets and other wind instruments and so they returned as they came being accompanied by most of the great Ladies of the Court and kingdome The prince was Christened by the name of Philip Domingo Victor The elder prince of Sauoy was his godfather of whom he tooke the name of Victor and the Infants his sister was his godmother The Lord embassador of England was placed in the earle of Ribadauias house both to see the procession in the morning and the prince going to the Christening after which he was conducted by a priuat way into the church to see the ceremonie The next day Churching of the queene of Spaine being Monday the embassador leger was presented to the king and gratiously allowed of by him On Tuesday the Lord embassador was conducted to S. Mâ—ries church by D. Blasco d' Arragon to see the ceremonie of the queenes Churching whither the king and queene came together the king being on horsebacke and the queene in a verie rich carroch of cloth of gold drawne with foure horses hauing their furnitures of cloth of gold with whom the Infanta sat After which in another carroch came the yong prince in the armes of an auncient ladie and then followed two other carroches of blacke veluet with diuers duchesses countesses and other great personages widowes Then came foure other carroches all of one fashion with diuers ladies the queenes maides This was the first day of the queenes going abroad and as it was held her Churching day That day the Lord embassador was inuited to dine with the Constable Earle of Nottingham feasted by the Constable where he was accompanied by the dukes of Albuquerque of Sessa others where there wanted not any thing that the countrie could yeeld for his entertainment On Friday being the 20 of May there were certaine presents Presents sent to the king and Queen of Spain sent by the king of England deliuered the king and Queene comming themselues into a priuat garden to receiue them They were sixe horses three for the king and three for the Queene with saddles and clothes verie richly imbrodered two Crosse-bowes with sheafes of arrowes foure fowling peeces with their furnitures all verie richly garnished and inlaied with plates of gold and a couple of lime-hounds which presents were kindlie receiued the king and Queene admiring the fashion and richnesse thereof On Tuesday the eight twentieth of May Embassador feasted by the duke of Lerma the Lord embassador with all the English were inuited to dine with the duke of Lerma where they were verie honorably entertained to their great contentment he was accompained at the table by the duke of Lerma the duke of infantasgo and the duke of Albuquerque They were attended on at the table by Marquesses Earles Knights and gentlemen of the kings priuy-chamber and few others Hauing receiued what pleasure could be deuised at the table they were afterwards caried down into a faire Court paued with square stone in the middest wherof was a fountaine of cleere water the whole Court was couered with canuas to keep them from the heat of the Sunne There was a stage set vp in this Court with al things fitting for a play which the embassadour and the rest were inuited to see The king and Queene were also in priuat to see this Comedie The day appointed for the taking of the kings Othe King of Spaine goes in procession was vpon Thursday the thirtieth of May being Corpus Christi day on the which the king went in procession and for that hee would bee seene by the English hee appointed to passe by the gate where the embassador was lodged after this manner First there came eight great Giants three men three women and two Moores with a Taber and pipe playing and they dauncing Then followed certaine Pilgrimes clad in blew After whome fiue and twenty or sixe and
earle of Ribagorsa head of the house of Arragon he hath his house at Saragosse and his estate in the realme of Arragon 22 The duke of Veraguas Admirall of the Indies of the house of Toledo hee keepes his house in the city of Saragosse and his estate in the realme of Arragon 23 The duke of Pastrana prince of Eboli of the familie of Siluas in Portugall he hath his house and his estate in Pastrana 24 The duke of Franca villa Prince of Melito of the house of the Mendosas hee hath his house in Franca villa and his estate in the realme of Naples Marquesses that be Grandes 1 The Marques of Astorga Earle of Trastamara Lord of the house of Villa Lobos head of the familie of the Ossorios he hath his house in the citie of Astorga and his estate in the realm of Leon and in the prouince of Campos 2 The Marques of Aguilar Earle of Castagneda of the house of the Manriques of Lara he holds his house in Carrion and in Aguilar del Campo and his estate in the mountains of Leon and in the prouince of Campos 3 The Marques of Mondejar Earle of Tendilla one of the house of the Mendosas he holds his house in Mondejar and his estate in Alcaria 4 The Marques of Tauarres master of Montesa of the house of Borias he may giue the habit of Montesa in Arragon and Valencia and hath his estate and house in the said realmes 5 The Marques of Pliego Lord of the house of Aguilar of the familie of Figeroas he hath his house in Cordoua and his estate in the said realme and in base Andalusia 6 The Marques of Los Velez Adelantado or President of Murcia of the familie of the Faâ—ardos he hath his estate and house in the realme of Murcia 7 The Marques of Villa Franca of the house of the Toledos he keeps his house in Villa franca and his estate in the realme of Leon and Naples 8 The Marques of Sancta Cruz of the familie of the â—asanes he hath his house in Viso and his estate in the realme of Toledo 9 The Marques of Frichilla and of Malagon he is brother to the duke of Bragance he hath his estate in Castille and is of the bloud royall of Portugall and liues in the city of Ebora in the same realme Marquesses which be not Grandes 1 The Marques of Ayamonte of the familie of Sunigas he hath his estate house in Seuille 2 The Marques of Benesa of the house of Auellenada 3 The Marques of Viana of the familie of the Pimentelles he hath his house in Vailledolit and his estate in Galicia 4 The Marques of Cameraca of Sauiote and Earle of Riscla he was Adelantado of Casorla he is of the house of Cobos and Mendosa 5 The Marques of Cortes he is of the Toledos he hath his house in Cortes and his estate in the realme of Nauarre 6 The Marques of Monte-maior of the house of Siluas 7 The Marques of Guardia Earle of Sancta Euphemia he is the chiefe of the familie of the Mexias he hath his house in Salamanca and his estate in Andalusia and in the realm of Iaen 8 The Marques of Montes Claros of the house of the Mendosas he hath his house in Guadalajara and his estate in Alcaria 9 The Marques of Las Nauas he is chiefe of the house of Auilas he hath his house in the city of Auila and his estate in the mountaines of Auila 10 The Marques of Posa he is of the familie of Roxas he hath his house in Posa and his estate in Castille the old 11 The Marques of Stepa of the house of the Centuriones at Genoua he hath his estate and house in the realme of Seuille 12 The Marques of Tabara he hath his estate in Castille the old his house in Vailledolit 13 The Marques of Villanoua del rio of the familie of the Enriques he holds his estate in Extremadura and his house in Seuille 14 The Marques of Villa noua of Barca rota he is chiefe of the familie of Fuerto câ—â—reros he holds his house in Seuille and his estate in Extremadura 15 The Marques of Ladrada of the familie of Los Cueuas he holds his estate in the realme of Toledo 16 The Marques of Canete of the familie of Mendosa he hath his house in the city of Cuenca and his estate in the said prouince 17 The Marques of Falces head of the Peraltes he hath his house in Nauarre and his estate in the said kingdome 18 The Marques of Fiomesta of the familie of the Benanidâ—s and Enriques he hath his house in Fiomesta and his estate in the prouince of Campos 19 The Marques of Valle sonne to Fernando Cortes who conquered Noua Hispania hee hath his house in Seuille and in Mexico and his estate in Noua Hispania 20 The Marques of Aunon he is of the Herceras he hath his house in Madrid and his estate in Alcaria 21 The Marques of Ardale Earle of Teba of the house of Guzman he keepes his house in Malaga and his estate in the realme of Seuille 22 The Marques of Beretâ—a of the familie of the Cardenas he hath his house in Herena and his estate in Estremadura 23 The Marques of Villa Manrique of the house of Suniga he hath his estate house in the realme of Seuille 24 The Marques of Motta of the house of Vlloa hee holds his estate and house in Castille 25 The Marques of Alcanices of the familie of the Henriques he hath his estate and house in Castille 26 The Marques of Auila Fuente of the house of the Sunigas he holds his estate and house in Castille 27 The Marques of Molina 28 The Marques of Fuentes 29 The Marques of Villada Maior domo maior or chiefe Steward to the king he is one of the Grandes 30 The Marques of Laguna chiefe steward to the Queene he is a Grande 31 The Marques of Sarraluo 32 The Marques of Caracena of the familie of the Carrillos and Toledos 33 The Marques of Cuellar 34 The Marques of Saint Germain of the house of Mendosas his Marquisate is in Sauoy and his house and estate in Castille He is a gentleman of the kings chamber and Lieutenant generall of his gards and of all the horse in Spaine Earles which be Grandes 1 The Earle of Miranda Marques of Baneza he is head of the Auellanedas and is of the familie of Sunigas and Basanes he holds his house in Peneranda villa suya his estate in Castille the old and the mountaines thereof he is of the Councell of State and President of the chiefe of Castille 2 The Earle of Benauent the head of the Pimentels he holds his house in Vailledolit and his estate in the prouince of Campos he is the greatest Earle in Spaine 3 The Earle of Alua de Lista of the familie of the Henriques he hath his house in Zamora and his estate in Castille the old and Estremadura he
betwixt them 88. betwixt Pompey and Sertorius 111. betwixt Caesar and Pompey 116 of Voglad and death of Alaric 137. of Ionguera lost by the Christians 194. of Simancas and great victory of the Christians 201. of Calacauasor 215 Battell betwixt the Moores 222 of Obrigue wonne by Alphonso Henriques first King of Portugall 292 of Valpeirre 303. of Muradall 341 Battell at sea before Caillery 480 of Salado 512 betwixt the Geneuois and Venetians 543 at Aliubarota 608 betwixt the Christians and Moores 665. of Figueroa 702 of Olmedo 730 of Olmedo 738 of Albuhera 874 of Rauenna 993 betwixt the Castillans and Portugalls 858 of Villa Lara 962 betwixt the Christians and Barbarossa in Affrike 990 of Lepanto 1169 of Alcâ—zer in Affricke 1202. at the Tercera's betwixt the French and Spanish 1222 Basa Guadix and Almery yeeld to Castile 935 Basenes of King Ramir occasion of new tumults 211 Basenes of Henry called the vnable King of Castile 760 Bazain at the Indies taken by the Portugals 997 Batteryes made by the Turke at Malta 1116 Beginning of nations fabulous for the most part 1 Beginning of the Saguntines 7 Beteca called Valdalusia of the Vandales 133 Begger counterfetting punished from heauen 142 Bernard first Earle of Barcelona subiect to the French 179 Bernard of Carpio neglects his rebellion 188 D. Bermond a relligious King and a louer of Iustice 229 hee breaks the peace with Castile and is slaine in Battell 231 D. Bela of Nagera troubles the state of Castile 205 Beginning of the towne of Saint Deminike 265 Berenguelâ— of Leon Gouernesse of Castile 347 Behauior of D. Sancho the grosse King of Nauarre in his age 367 Beginning of Granado 372 Beginning of the house of Guzman and Dukes of Medina Sydonia 437 Bertrand of Guesclin betraies King Henry 575 Beginning of the house of Medina Cely 606 Beginning of a sect called the White coats 663 Beginning of the King of Castiles hatred against the Constable 731 Bertrand de la Cueâ—a thâ— Queene of Castiles Minion created Earle of Ledesma 767. he is made Dâ—ke of Albuquerque 782 Beginning of the house of Foix 811 Beginning of the Iesuites 962 Beouya a castle of importance abandoned by the French 967 Beginning of Francis Pizarro and Iames of Almagro 984 Beruardin de Mendoza drowned with some Gallies 1094 Beginning and progresse of the Inquisition in Spaine 1119 Biscaine toung first vsed in Spaine 3 Birth of Mahomet 142 Bishops in Spaine learned and religious 199 Bishops at Toledo in the Moores time 173 Bishops at Compostella profane 213 Bishops sea restored to Saragossa 272 Bishop of S. Iames exempt from all subiection but to the Pope 265 Bishop of Pampelona a fauourer of seditions 405 Biscay sold to the king of Castile 483 Bishop of Burgos chosen by himselfe 568 Biscay belongs to the house of Alanson 585 Bishop of Lisbone slaine by the mutines 603 Birth of the Infant Don Henry of Castile 689 Bishop of Pampelona slaine by the Constable of Nauarre 838 Bishop excluded in the Country of Biscay 863 Bishop being a murtherer is himselfe murthered 872. Birth of the Infanta Catherina of Castile 314 Bishops banished from Biscay 919 Birth of Charles of Austria who was king of Spain and Emperour 962 Birth of Iohn Prince of Portugall 971 Birth of Charles Prince of Spaine 1013 Birth of D. Sebastian of Portugall 1039 Bishops newly erected in the Netherlands 1093 Birth of the Infanta D. Izabella who was Queene of Castile and Arragon 740 Biscaines defeated for waâ— of discipline 695 Birth of Fernand of Arragon husband to Izabella 744 Birth of D. Alphonso of Castile 745 Boldnes of Martius prooues successefull by the enemies negligence 49 Bonâ—face deliuers Affrick to Genseric and the Vandales 133 Booke found in Spaine 378 Beautie of Henry the new king of Castile 567 Booke of the holy Scriptures translated into the Portugal language 681 Bountie of the Duke of Milan 710 Body of Queene Izabella layed in a Friars weede 874. Bountie of Gonsalo Fernandes the great Captaine 883. Bootie taken at the Indies 916 Bona in Affricke taken by Andrew Doria 993 Bounty of the Emperour Charles to Prince Doria 1105 Bootie taken from the Moores 1144 Bridge of Alcantara built by Traian 120 Brothers kings in one kingdome and agree well 183. Brothers of Nauarre at discord 243 Breethren executed vniustly 458 Braganza a terror to the Moores 922 Breach betwixt Pope Paul the fourth and the king of Spaine 1074 Burthens layd vpon the Spaniards by Lucullus 96 Burgos made a Bishopricke 265 Buildings of Fernand king of Portugall 600 Buildings of Charles the third king of Nauar 668 Burgos in the Confederates power 780. it yeelds to king Henry 805 Buason king of Fez defeated and slaine 1193 C CArthaginians called into Spaine by the Gaditains 12 Cadiz and the ancient names 20 Carthaginians desire rather to be great then iust 32. they continue the conquest of Spaine 35. they are defeated at sea by Scipio 40. they are twise defeated 45. beeing growne proud of a victorie they are defeated by the Romanes 48. they dissemble their losse 57. they resolue to vnpeople Spaine of souldiers to preuent reuolts 60. they are quite defeated by the Romaines and chased out of Spaine 65 Carthage the new taken by the Romanes 54 Care and diligence of a good Generall 57 Castulo yeelded to the Romaines 44 Castulo and Illiturgis rebellious townes 65. taken both by the Romaines 66 Cato defeates the Spaniards 82. his seueritie in the Spaniards relapse â—3 he demantles the townes ibid. he seekes to corrupt the Celtiberians 84. he disposeth of the reuenues of Spaine 85 Caire built by Muhauias 163 Cape S. Vincent why so called 175 Cattelonia why so called 178. vnder the Soueraigntie of France 189. giuen in propriety to Geoffrey the heire 191 Care of a Prince most commendable 200 Castile exempt from all subiection vppon a foolish bargaine 208. vnited to Nauarre 229 Casilde a Princesse of the Moores baptized 226 Calatraua taken from the Moores 280 Castile and Leon diuided 286 Calatraua giuen to the Monkes of Cisteaux 304 Cathedrall church at Toledo built by Don Rodrigo the Arch-bishop 302 Castile and Leon vnited 364 Catelonia freed froÌ„ the soueraignty of France 369 Castillans in armes against Navar Arragon 386 Cattelans Arragonois in Greece Thrace 455 Castillans defeated by the Arragonois 552 Castellans burne the coast of Genoua 502 Carmona yeelded to D. Henry of Castile 580 Castile acknowledgeth the Pope 595 Castillans defeated by them of Ebora 604. defeated againe at Troncosa 607. defeated by the Moores 702 Castile preferred before Arragon 751 Cattelans speake freely to their King 763. they â—ue in vaine for their Prince ibid. they complaine of the king of Castile 774 Calaorra taken by Gaston of Foix from the Spaniards 787 Castle of Burgos yeelded to Q. Izabella 855 Castle of Zamora yeelded to K. Fernand 860 Castro Nugno yeelds to king Fernand 870 Canaries made subiect to the K. of Castile 899 Castillans
867 Seditions reuiued in Nauar 879 Sedition in Granado 920 Seege of Granado 939 Seruant faithfull to King Fernand. 881 Sentence against the Earle of Lerin 883 Sedition at Lisbone for religion 688 Sedition in Cardinall Ximenes campe caused by a rascall 892 Seditions among the Spaniards at the West Indies 897. Sentence giuen by the Pope against Iohn of Albret king of Nauarre 902 Sedition at Vailhodolit against Cardinall Ximenes 929. Sedition against the towne of Villafratre 949 Secrets of Cardinall Ximenes discoured 953 Seuerity of Cardinall Ximenes 955 Sect of Iesuites confirmed at Rome 963 Sedition at Peru for the gouernement 1026 Sentence inconsiderate and vniust 1027 D. Sobastian king of Portugall goes into Affricke 1176. Seruice rashly performed 1195 Settuuall taken by the Castillanâ— 1212 Ships sent out of Castile to the Moluccos 993 Shipwracke of the Emperors fleet at Alger 1004 Sicily why called Sicania 6 Sicelius gaue the name to Sicily ibid. Singularitie of the riuer of Guadiana 16 Simplicity of the Romaines 38 Silence required in a great Captaine 53 Sillanuâ— defeates the Carthaginians 61 Simplicitie of the Spaniards 91 Sisenand Bishop of Compostella a turbulent man 210. Sicily and Naples held by the Normans 411 Sicilian Euensong 420 Seigneuries and rights of the house of Lara 533 Sinceritie of Gonsalo the great Captaine 882 Signe of Cardinall Ximenes 957 Sienna loseth her libertie 1041 Shippe-wracke of the great Commanders fleet 1148 Ships of Spaine cast away 1181 Skirmish betwixt the Christians and Moores at Gerbe 1087 Slaughter of Spaniards 83 Slaughter of Monkes made by the Moores 212 Snakes in an armie in the dead of Winter 788 Soueraignes should be Iudges and not parties in their subiects quarrels 481 Souldiers should be alwaies in action 81 3. Sunnes seene together in Spaine 174 Sobrarbre and Ribagorsa vnited to the Crowne of Arragon 234 Sonne dispossesseth the father 1009 South sea discouered by Vasco Nugnes of Balbao 914. Sonne of Aly Bassa set at libertie by Don Iohn 1173. Spaine vnknowne before the Carthaginians 2 Spaniard at the first grosse and without religion 3 Spaine why so called 5 Spaine like to an Oxe hide 13 Springs of the riuers of Ebro and Duero 15 Spaine reduced to one gouernement 24. it is rampared by nature 25 Spaniards life simple and rude 28 Spanish toung a corrupt Latin 29 Spaine nourisheth the hatred betwixt the Romans and Carthaginians 35 Spaniards inconstant 39 Spaine fit to supply armes 44 Spaniards being mercenary abandon the Romanes 46. they are defeated by Scipio and yeeld to his mercie 73 Spaniards in old time glorious ambitious enuious and trecherous 77 Spaniards take armes against the Pretor 80. they were alwaies apt to rebell 83. they complaine of the couetousnesse of their Gouernors 93 Spaine made one gouernement 94 Spaniards opinion of S. Iames his bodie 119 Spaine vnder Constantine diuided into fiue Prounces 124 Spies in the king of Nauars Councell 367 Speech of the King of Castile to his Councell 511 Spoyle of a Iew condemned 553 Speech of the Bishop of Calaorra to the king 781 Speech of the Arch-bishop of Toledo too audacious 849 Spaniards first voyage to Guiney 865 Spaniards defeated at sea by the Portugals 874 Speech of Kathâ—rine Queene of Nauar to her husband 904 Spaniards defeated and slaine by the Indians 918 Speech of the Duke of Infantasgo 927 Spaniards slaine in the riuer of Plata 922 Speech of King Francis touching his promise to the Emperor 975 Spaniards preserue their liues generously against the Affricans 1005 Speech of the Prince of Spaine to the Duke of Alba 1134 Speech of Queene Izabella dying to the King 1136. Spaniards of account slaine at Galere 1151 Speech of Bragadino at Famagosta 1161 Strangers tyrannize ouer Spaine 4 Statues sent by the Pope into Arragon 662 Stones very light fall from heauen 713 Statute of Cordoua for the Nobility 941 Store-houses for munition in Spaine 936 Studies of Inigo of Loyola author of the Iesuites 963. Spanish souldiers detest the crueltie of the Marquis of Santa Cruz 1224 Succession of women in Arragon 183 Succession of the Realmes of Castile and Leon by women 233 Submission of Don Pedro king of Arragon to the Pope 333 Superstitious acknowledgement of a great victory 512. Submission of the king of Maiorca 521 Successe of the warre of Naples 723 Superstitions of the Spaniards 820 Suspition of loue betwixt the Princesse of Nauarre and the Bishop of Pampelona 838 Suisses come to the warres of Granado 901 Submission of the Lantgraue to the Emperor 1017 Succors sent from Goa to Diu 1022 Succors sent to Malta 1118 Superfluitie of the Portugals going to the warre 1200. Succors sent to the Terceres 1226 Sebastian the first king of Portugall 1197. bred vp by the Iesuites ibid. he is vnfurnished of all things for the warre of Affricke 1199. his army going thither 1300. his error and resolution 1201. his death 1202. his bodie sent to the Portugals 1203 T TArget of siluer a monument of Martius his victorie 49 Tarassona taken from the Moores 173 Tarragona giuen in propriety to the Archb. of that place 277 Tables Astronomical of Don Alphonso king of Castile 392 Tariffe taken by the Castillans 434 Tarragona yeelded to the King of Arragon 771 Taxes vniustly leuied vpon the people abolished 836. Tarassona yeelded to the king of Arragon 553 Templers beginners of militarie Orders in Christendome 267 Testament of Don Alphonso King of Nauarre 281 Testimonies of the preheminence of the Kings of France 1098 Testament of D. Henry king of Castile 666 Theft practised by the ancients 4 Theeues countenanced by princes in old time 9 Thibaud Earle of Champagne obtaines the realme of Nauar. 368. he goes into Syria 373 Thibaud the second crowned king of Nauar 385 Theatins differ from the Iesuits 964 Thirst neuer the like heard of in the fort at Gerbe 1092. Tenths of fruites the reuenues of Kings 1184 Tirians did first people Cadiz 12. they were great sea-men and made profite of al things ibid. they were descended from slaues 32 Tyrannie of the Carthaginians aduanced the Romanes credit in Spaine 36 Title of Don first vsed in Spaine 174 Tyrannie and vsurpation iustly punished 187 Tyrants alwayes fearefull suspitious and cruell 195. Tithes granted to Lay-men 265 Title of the house of Portugall 292 Titles of D. Sancho king of Castile 426 Tiscara strong place taken from the Moores 463 Tyrant offended is neuer truly reconciled 504 Title of Prince first giuen in Castile to the kings eldest sonne 615 Title of Earle of Eureux ceaseth in the house of Nauarre 668 Tyrants care not to be hated so as they be feared 692. Title of Princesse first vsurped by the eldest sonne of Portugall 706 Titles of Leonora of Nauar 838 Titles of king Fernand and Queene Izabella 874 Testament of Xeriffe Mahomet 1195 Townes in Sardynia 22 Torismond king of Gothes slaine by his brothers procurement 134 Toledo chiefe towne of the Gothes kingdome in Spaine 137 Townes of Spaine demantled
Cattelogne To D. Iames his second sonne he left the Islands of Majorca and Minorca with the title of a Kingdome and the right of Soueraignty but it continued not long He gaue by testament to the children of D. Theresa Gil of Bedaure that is to D. Iames Xirica Toro Eslida Beho and Ahin and to D. Pedro Ayerbio Lusia Ahuero Liso Artasson Castillon Sustico Borota Azuere Gabatraios and Beninuena It is credible that he did marry this Lady secretly yet after the death of Queene Iolant which was about the yeere 1251. hauing accompanied with her before it may be betwixt these two marriages and not as some haue written before his first marriage with D. Leonor of Castille These two sonnes D. Iames and D. Pedro borne of D. Theresa were the Authors of the families of Xerica and Ayerbio He also gaue by testament to D. Pedro Fernandes whom hee had by D. Berenguela Fernandes Ixar and did substitute vnto his lawfull sonnes the children of his daughters D. Isabel Constance and Iolant hee was interred in the habit of a Monke of Cisteaux in the royal Monastery of Pobler D. Pedro the third of that name and the ninth King of Arragon 20 DOn Pedro his eldest sonne was King in the yeere 1276. being surnamed the great by reason of his great exploits some good some bad His Sonne D. Alphonso had the yeere before by the care of D. Iames his Grandfather beene sworne King of Arragon and Valencia after D. Pedro his father by the Estates assembled to that end at Lerida He had him by D. Constance daughter to Manfroy Geneâ—logy of Arragon bastard to the Emperor Frederic the second King of Sicile and Naples of whom hee also begat D. Iames who was King of Sicile whose elder brother dying without children he came to succeed in the Realme of Arragon Besides these he had D. Fadrique or Frederic to whom was giuen the realme of Sicile and D. Pedro who alone of all the brethren was no King and two daughters D. Isabel who was married to Don Denis King of Portugal and Constance or Violant wife to Robert King Naples In the right of his wife Constance daughter to Manfroy the vsurping King of Naples and Sicile hee challenged these realmes for him and his successours who in the end enioyed them and thus the Historie records it William the second of that name King of Naples and Sicile Sicile and Naples held by the Normans being dead being of the Normans race about the yeere 1189. Pope Clement the 3. then raigning pretended that these realmes were fallne to the church of Rome But the noblemen and barons of the realm for diuers considerations did make Tanered bastard son to Roger the 3. their King who first intitled himselfe King of Naples and Sicile whereat Pope Celestine the 3. successor to Clement being discontented he would haue dispossessed Tanered to inuest the Emperor Henry the sixth sonne to Frederic Barbarossa Duke of Suabe in the realmes of Naples and Sicile And the better to assure him the royall title he caused him to marry Constance Neece or lawfull daughter of Roger who was a professed Nunne in the Monastery of Saint Mary or as some write at Saint Peters of Palermo dispensing with her vow and profession by his papal authority by whom the Emperor Henry had Frederic who was afterwards Emperor the second of that name Henry sought long to dispossesse Tancred but it was in vaine He beeing dead his sonne Roger raigned little after whose decease Queene Sibille caused an other sonne called William to be presently crowned being very yong whom the Emperor Henry found meanes to circumuent vpon collour of making some good accord with him and hauing by policy drawne him to Palermo without entring into any conference he caused him to be gelt and sent him into Germany with his three sisters By this meanes the Normands command in Naples and Sicile fell into the hands of the house of Suabe Sicile and Naples in the house of Suabe After the death of Henry Frederic his sonne being Emperour and duke of Suabe succeeded in these realmes the which hee enioyed notwithstanding many crosses which the Popes gaue him against whom Gautier of Brene husband to Queene Sybille who had escaped out of prison led an army but hee was taken and slue himselfe in prison Frederic had by many wiues many children by Constance of Arragon Henry the elder duke of Suabe and King of Romains by Iolant of Brenne daughter to the King of Ierusalem Conrad also duke of Suabe and King of Romains after the decease of his brother and moreouer by testament King of Naples By Mahaut or Isabel according vnto some daughter to Iohn King of England he had Henry the yonger who was King of Sicile by Testament and by a concubine Manfroy Conrad and Henry succeeded after their father Frederic respectiuely in the realmes of Naples and Sicile And for that they were young and absent Manfroy was appointed to be Gouernor of these Estates by the Emperor in his brothers names Against whom Pope Innocent did chose the King of Englands brother to bee King of Naples and Sicile but he neuer past into Italy By the practises of Popes these realmes were in great combustion so as Manfroy was obeyed but by the lesser part Wherefore Conrad King of Romains was forced to passe into Italy with a great army by meanes whereof the reduced these realmes vnder his obedience Parricids committed by Conrad who was afterwards so transported with a desire of raigne as he caused his brother Henry the younger to bee slaine as Saint Felix in Basilicata and Frederic his Nephew sonne to the elder Henry to bee poysoned hauing inuited him to supper for which parricide God suffered that hee himselfe should die of poyson which Manfroy his bastard brother gaue him By these deathes the realmes of Naples and Sicile came by lawfull succession to Conradin brother to Frederic that was poysoned Manfroys parricide sonne to Henry the elder But Manfroy who had gouerned in an others name and tasted the sweet of command resolued then to keepe these realmes for himselfe sending men into Germany to dispatch Conradin if it were possible were it by poison or otherwise in the meane time he held his authority of Lieutenant or Viceroy against the Popes attempts and after a while faigning that Conradin was dead he clad himselfe in mourning and making a great speech in an assembly of the Noblemen and States of the Realme seeming to bee very sorrowfull for the death of his Nephew he perswaded them to choose him King of Naples and Sicile by a generall consent where he raigned thirteene yeeres and the better to maintaine himselfe he made a league with the Venetians and other Potentates of Italy Against whom Pope Vrbain the fourth called out of France Charles brother to Saint Lewis Duke of Anjou Charles of Aniou made king of Naples and Sicile and Earle of Prouence who
brother commanding the Cattelans at Calipoli suffred themselues to bee surprized by the Gouernor of Negrepont called Thibaâ—d of Sipoise who deliuered them to Robert King of Naples who caused them to die in prison by reason whereof the Cattelan troupes beganne to ouerrunne the country like made men without commanders and without order and falling vpon the country of Macedonie which was nere they past through it like a lightning ouerthrowing all they incountred vntill they came into the territorie of Athens whereas the French commanded staying there they demaunded to bee entertained in pay by Duke Gaultier but hee desirous rather to chase away this vagabond people who were poore and insolent The French deseated by the Cattelans in Greece and Gaultier of Brenne slaine went to incounter them with his forces to fight with them by whom notwithstanding hee was defeated and slaine and almost all his men By this victory the Cattelans made themselues Maisters of all that the French held in that country and lodged themselues there whereas since they had many commanders successiuely as D. Manfroy son to D. Frederic King of Sicile then D. Frederic Alphonso his brother who remained Gouernor there and married the daughter of Boniface of Verona a Nobleman of great power in Negrepont with others from thence is come the title of Dukes of Athens to the Princes of Arragon D. Fernand Infant of Majorca being deliuered out of prison through the fauour of Robert King of Naples Genealogie of Maiorca his kinsman married Isabel the heire of Morea by whom he had D. Iames who was King of Majorca after D. Sancho his vncle hee tooke Clarence and made many other conquests in Morea D. Fernand to to his second wife married a Princesse of Cypres of whom Fernand was borne who was husband to Eschiue daughter to Hugues King of Cypres After this second marriage and the birth of this sonne D. Fernand of Majorca Prince of Morea hauing performed great matters both in the East and West died in the floure of his age about the yeere of our Lord 1315. so as the affaires of the Arragonois in that countrie went to ruine He was the third sonne of D. Iames King of Majorca the first of that name whose posterity we haue gathered out of histories after this manner He had by his wife Esclermonde of Foix Iames his eldest sonne who being wholy giuen to deuotion left the succession of the realme to his yonger brother and became a Franciscan friar D. Sancho the second sonne was King after the father in the yeere of our Lord 1312. who hauing married the daughter of Charles the second King of Naples named Marie had no children by her wherefore dying hee left the Realme of Majorca to Don Iames sonne to his brother D. Fernand aboue named Of this first stemme of Majorca wee finde there issued these three sonnes D. Iames D. Sancho and D. Fernand and one daughter named D. Sancha married to Robert Duke of Calabria to the which some adde D. Philip the fourth sonne But returning to Spaine Nauarre we finde that about the time of these last wars of Granado whereof wee haue newly made mention or soone after the Nauarrois renued their old quarrels against them of Arragon to whom notwithstanding any accords they were neuer good friends so as going out of Pitiella a place then of the Kingdome of Nauarre they entred the neighbour country of Arragon and committed great spoiles whereat D. Iames King of Arragon being incensed hee sent an army to beseege that place but they were dislodged by the Inhabitants of Sanguesse a frontire towne of Nauarre being assisted by some French troupes Arragonois defeated who fought with them and they were defeated The Arragonois being returned againe into Nauarre and hauing runne as farre as the towne of Olite and forraged the country they were againe charged by them of Sanguesse and other neighbor places being ready to passe the riuer of Arragon at the ford of Saint Adrian and were there defeated with great slaughter of their men and the losse of the Standard royal of Arragon which they of Sanguesse carried away by reason whereof and in remembrance of their vertue and valour they carry for their armes by grant from King Lewis Hutin the bands gueules of Arragon but in a field argent 26 In the yeere of our Lord 1312. An. 1312. were the troubles of Lions vpon Rhosne Troubles at Lions betwixt the Inhabitants of the towne and their Archbishop Peter of Bresse by reason that he did vsurpe vpon the Kings Iustice King Philip sent his sonne the King of Nauarre thether who tooke this Prelat prisoner and sent him to the King his father for which cause and for that he durst presume to lay his hands vpon an Archbishop he was called Hutin or mutin as some say The citizens of Lion beeing pacefied they mutined againe by reason of the differences which they had with their Archbishop but they were supprest and punished by the same King of Nauar and reduced vnder the King his fathers obedience It was at that time that Marguerite Queene of Nauar the Countesse Ieanne of Poictiers Blanche of la Marche who had married the three brethren of France Lewis Hutin Philip and Charles were accused of adultry put in prison at Chasteau Gaillard of the which the Countesse Ieanne of Poictiers was found innocent and absolued but Marguerite Queene of Nauar and the Contesse Blanch being conuicted were condemned to perpetual prison whereas Marguerite died soone after the adulterers were put to death with cruel torments the which were Philip and Gaulter of Aâ—noy brethren An vsher of the chamber who serued as baud and messenger of their loues was hanged It is reported of this Queene of Nauar that seeing any faire yong man passe by shee caused him to be taken brought secretly at night into her chamber that after she had taken her dishonest pleasure with him she caused him to bee cast into the riuer of Seyne to the end hee should not vaunt thereof the which was discouered by a scholler who saued himselfe by swimming being not wel bound Thereof grew that ambiguous sentence Reginam interficere nolite timere bonum est This vnchastnesse is attributed by some to Ieanne mother to Lewis Hutin Queene of Nauarre who was a scourge to the Flemings and the cause of al the wars betwixt the King and them The king D. Fernand about the end of the war of Granado Castille gaue order for the building of Sauveterre and Azpeity in Guipuscoa granting then the rights preuiledges of Victoria he married his daughter Isabel to Duke Iohn of Brittaine and made D. Iohn Manuel of Castille sonne to D. Manuel Lord Steward of his house taking that dignity from his brother D. Pedro to whom in recompence he gaue Almaçan and Berlanga whereby it appeeres that these offices depended on the kings pleasure This D. Iohn Manuel had two daughters
which were both Queenes the one named D. Ieanne wife to Henry the second King of Castile and the other D. Constance married to D. Pedro King of Portugal During the marriage of Duke Iohn of Brittaine and of D. Isabel at Burgos the Infant D. Iohn of Castile alwaies like himself turbulent seditious came nere vnto the city accompanied with soldiars Distrust of D. Iohn of Castille and treachery of the King D. Fernand the cause of great trouble would not enter without assurance the which was giuen him yet notwithstanding the King commanded he should be taken and slaine whereof beeing aduertised by the Queene mother vpon whose word hee was chiefely entred into the Citie hee went forth verie earely in the morning seeming for to goe a hunting and so escaped Beeing pursued in vaine by the Kings men which hee had sent after him Many knights and among others D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara detesting the Kings treachery and withal ill affected to him followed D. Iohn and beganne new troubles in the Realme of Castille The Duke of Brittaine gaue them leaue to end their quarrels and carried away his spouse into Brittaine The Queene mother with the Archbishop of Saint Iames and the Bishops of Palence Lugo and Mondognedo labored to pacifie and content these rebels and in the meane time D. Constance the Queene raigning was brought in bed of her sonne D. Alphonso in the city of Salamanca who was heire of the Realmes of Castille and Leon. The King of Castille and Arragon Alliance renued betwixt Castille and Arragon had an enterview at Calatajub where a promise of marriage was made betwixt D. Leonora of Castille who was but three yeeres old and the Infant D. Iames of Arragon and an other marriage was concluded betwixt D. Pedro brother to the King of Castille with Donna Maria daughter to the King of Arragon and there the two Kings made a new league and confederation against the Infidels to make warre against whom the King of Castille called an assembly of the Estates of Castille at Vailedolit from whence D. Pedro the Kings brother was sent with an army to beseege Alcaudete In the meane time the King staied in Castille making seizures and taking by force certaine castles which did belong vnto his Rebels Afterwards hee came in person into Andalusia where being arriued at Martos hee caused two knights brethren to bee apprehended being accused for a murther commited on the person of Don Iohn Alphonso de Benauides who had beene slaine at Palence going out of the Kings lodging These two brethren whom they called Peter and Iohn of Carauajal Two brethren eâ—ecuted vniustly beeing condemned without any great proofes to bee cast downe head-long from the top of the rocke of Martos as they were at their execution protesting of their Innocency they adiourned the King to appeere before the Tribunal seat of Almighty GOD Alcaudete taken by the King of Castille within thirty daies after to giue reason of the death which he made them suffer vniustly notwithstanding all this they were executed The King beeing come to the Campe before Alcaudete hee beganne to be ill and came to Iaen where hee remained some daies little regarding his Physitions in the meane time D. Pedro tooke Alcaudete Mahumet Aben-Azar the fourth King of Granado IN the realme of Granado Moores the yonger brother hauing dispossest the elder had much ado to be receiued and obeyed by the Moores Granadins who resisted him especially Farrachen his brother in law captaine of Malaga so as Alcaudete could not be releeued The new King Mahumet Aben-Azar Aben-Lemin being in some sort setled and assured of his Kingdome caused his brother that was prisoner to be cruelly slaine and sent to the King D. Fernand being at Iaen to renue the league which the Kings his predecâ—ssors had with Castille the which was done the Infant Don Pedro beeing present where amongst other resolutions it was concluded that all together should make warre against Ferrachen of Malaga but the sodaine death of Don Fernand crossed this deseigue The King being laied to sleepe one afternoone Castille the thirtieth day from the assignation which was giuen him by the two gentlemen which were executed at Martos when as they of his chamber thought that he slept more then was fit they entred into his chamber to see what he did Death of King Fâ—râ—and the fourâ—o where they found him starke dead the which was attributed to the iudgement of God This vnexpected death which happened in the yeere of our Lord 1312. did much trouble the Realme he was about fiue and twenty yeeres old he had raigned aboue seuenteene and was buried in the great church at Cordoua Soone after Philip the Faire the French King died Nauarre leauing the Crowne and Scepter to Lewis Hutin King of Nauarre his sonne Some hold that this King Philip had the like adiournement to the Iudgement of God in the towne of Bourdeaux where there was a knight of the Templers executed in his presence beeing borne at Naples who seeing the Pope and the King at a window to behold this execution cried out with a loud voice seeing there is no worldly power to the which I may appeale from the sentence giuen against the Templers by the Pope at the Kings instance I doe adiorne them both to appeere before God within one yeere An. 1313. so as that yeere being 1313. they both died Lewis Hutin had then raigned eight yeeres in Nauarre when he came to the crowne of France King Philip the faire his father is noted to bee very vnfortunat in many things both in religion in the gouernment of his realme and in his owne house Hee was neuer in peace with the Church of Rome in the which although he were the eldest sonne he caused many scandales hauing had deadly hatred with the Popes especially with Pope Boniface the eight Vnfortunat obseruations in Philp the Faire and his posterity whom hee forced to die miserably hee transported the Sea of Rome into France Clement the fifth being made Pope whom he vsed as a fit instrument in many bad practises as hatred and couetousnesse did mooue him hee did ruine with a strang cruelty and without discretion the Order of the Templers which sect admit it were corrupted yet many deserued better vsage he falsefied the money in France exacted tithes of the Clergy imposed the tribut called Maletosts and the fifth penny vpon all Marchandise he was prodigall without iudgement hee intreated the Flemings vniustly and their Princes cruelly by captiuities and vnworthy vexations not sparing the innocent virgin Philip daughter to Cont Guy who had beene giuen him in hostage whom they say he caused to be smothered others affirme he caused her to be poisoned some say shee was drowned with many gentlewomen and maidens of honour which did attend her others and it may be the most certaine write that she died for griefe All this
the factions and insolencies which followed for D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara being gone from court Hatred betwixt D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara and D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque in a great rage against the Lord of Albuquerque for some byting words cast forth in their controuersies during the Kings sicknesse the cares of this young and ill experienced King cholerike by nature and inclyned to reuenge were filled with the reports of such as gouerned him wherevpon hee was so incensed against this house of Lara their friends and adherents as it was euident that hee sought but an opportunity to doe them some mischiefe The death of D. Iohn Nugnes which followed soone after in the towne of Burgos made his aduersaries deseignes more easie he left for successor to his Siegneuries which were great one sonne but two yeeres old called D. Nugno de Lara And at the same time D. Fernand Manuel Lord of Villena died also leauing one onely daughter named D. Blanch who died also soone after These deathes did much content D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque for that hee was freed from great emulators and aduersaries which hated his authority and the familiarity he had with the King who preferred him before all the Princes and Noblemen of Castile The King was aduised by his councell to seize vpon these young pupils and of their lands according to which hee went towards Burgos causing D. Leonora of Guzman to be brought after him whom hee sent with a good gard to prison to Talauera Being at Henera the importunities of his mother Donna Maria were such as he was forced to deliuer vnto her this poore imprisoned Lady D. Leonora of Guzman murthered by the commandement of the widow queen who with a womanish and boundlesse rage caused her to bee cruelly murthered in reuenge that she had many times defrauded her of the amorous imbracings of the King her husband and presently shee begged all her goods an act which was nothing royal and which did redownd to the great contempt of the deceased King Don Alphonso Since which time and by reason of this murther the towne of Talauera was and is called de la Reyna or of the Queene The King D. Pedro did this being yong and ill aduised Being come to Burgos at his first arriual he caused Garsilaco de la Vega to be slaine in his owne lodging and afterwards there were also dispatcht Alphonso Garcia Camargo Fernandes of Medina and Alphonso Fernandes Noblemen murthered by the commandement of the King D. Pedro. Secretary or Notary a Burgeois of that city al for the quarrels betwixt the Lord of Albuquerque and the house of Lara A lady of honor called D. Mencia wife to Martin Ruis of Abendagno Gouernesse to the yong Infant Nugno de Lara Lord of Biscay hearing of these cruel executions of the new King transported the Infant from Paredes de Naua in Biscay least the King should do it some harme The King hearing thereof pursued them himselfe vnto the bridge of Larra where vnderstanding that the Gouernesse and the Nurce had recouered the town of Vermejo he returned to Burgos and resolued to make war against the Biscayns so as within few daies he sent Ruis Diaz of Rojas to beseege Orosco the which Iohn of Abendagno House of Lara son to Martin aboue named held who yeelded the place by composition In the meane time D. Nugno of Lara died being but three yeers old in the towne of Vermejo by whose decease the Siegneuries of Biscay and others came to his two sisters or to the eldest of them called D. Ieanne of Lara and if she died to D. Isabel the yonger but the King had these yong Ladies in his power with al the lands and Siegneuries of the deceased D. Iohn Nugnes The father of these children had three sisters whereof the eldest named D. Blanch was wife to D. Iohn Manuel The second called D. Marguerite was a religious woman in the towne of Caleruega in the Monastery of Saint Dominike built by King D. Alphonso father to this King and the third D. Maria was married intso France twise first to the Earle of Estampes and next to Charles of Valois Earle of Alençon brother to King Philip the sixth or as some hold his brothers sonne Of the first bed shee had one sonne who was Earle of Estampes and of the second foure whereof the one was Earle of Alençon named Peter the second whom they called Robert Earle of Perch and the two other of the church This Lady Mary did afterwards contend in the time of King Henry the second for the Siegneuries of Biscay as we shal shew at the time of the death of this yong Lord D. Nugno de Lara Siegneuries and rights of the house of Lara there were in this house besides the Siegneury of Biscay the townes of Saint Gadee Loçoya Eglise Salouer Font Burvene Berçoso Cibico of the tower Galez Paredez of Naua Villallon Cuenca of Tamarit Melgar of the frontier Barzon Moral of the Queene Aquilar del Campo Caleruegos Beluer St. Iames de la Puebla by Salamanca Orepeça the field of Arrannelo and other townes besides these great Siegneuries the house of Lara Lords of Biscay had this prerogatiue alwaies to lead the foreward in armies whereas the King was in person In assemblies of the Estates the Lords of Lara were general Attorneies or Deputies for the Nobility by an especial preuiledge and often times they did carry the standard royal Besides these things Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara deceased held by reason of his marriage the townes of Lerma Lands called Beetries in Biscay Alaua and the neighbor countries Villa-franca in the mountaines of Oca Busto Amejugo Balorcanos Tor de Blanco other places besides the rights of Linager which he had as chiefe of the house of Lara and Lord of Biscay to the lands called Beetrias They were certaine lands and passages of the country so named hauing this preuiledge from all antiquity to choose what Lord they pleased out of the nobility of that lynage or family soeuer to command ouer them and to defend them and among them there were some that might change their Lord 7. times a day if they pleased others hauing the like power to change their Lord were yet bound to choose of the same family to those that were first recommended so as they were rights purchased to families many such prerogatiues had the Lords of Biscay and of Lara The liberties of these lands called Beetries the King D. Pedro sought to abolish at the Estates assembled 1351. and the 2. of his raigne at Vailledolit An. 1351. 3 Before he came to the said Estates he was visited by Charls King of Nauar as they did sympathise wel in nature and disposition they made great shewes of loue and gaue royal presents one vnto an other After this enterview the King D. Pedro came to Vailledolit from whence Iohn of Ruel as Bishop of Burgos Aluar Garcia
Brittanie caused all disorders to bee reformed and restitution to be made The Councell of King Iohn was then reduced to fifteene Prelates and Knights whereof fiue should assist and serue and they should change euery foure moneths Don Iohn King of Portugall laboured to quench and qualifie all occasions of new trobles betwixt his Realme and that of Castile Portugal by a firme peace Wherefore hauing sent backe his ambassadours in the yeare 1419. to Don Iohn King of Castile they were returned with good hope and promise to send ambassadours into Portugall expressely to that end This king D. Iohn the first of that name then raigning in Portugall hauing made a long truce with D. Henry King of Castile during that time he gaue himselfe to gouerne his Realme with iustice to repaire the ruines which had growne by the precedent warres and to adorne it with new buildings wherein employing himselfe with iudgement bountie and wisedome hee was beloued and respected both of his owne subiects and of strangers In remembrance of the victorie which he had gotten at Aljubarote he did build neere vnto it a sumptuous Monasterie which he dedicated to the Virgin Mary and did call it Saint Mary the royall of the battell or victorie which is a Conuent of Iacobin Friars And for that he had a better iudgement then many other Princes knowing that most of the relligious Monkes and other persons did not vnderstand the Latin tongue Booke of the â—oly Scripture translated into Portugall in the which the houres and suffrages were sung in churches he caused them to be translated into the Portugall tongue and in like manner many bookes of the holy Scripture and the interpretation thereof namely the foure Euangelists the which did afterwards much displease our Doctors in Diuinity Hee was so zealous of the honor of his house as a Groome of his chamber called Don Fernand Alphonso of Saint Iren hauing so much forgotten himselfe as to defloure one of the Queenes maides daughter to D. Aluar Peres of Castro Earle of Arroyoles he caused him to be burnt in the place of Rusio in Lisbon and as for her he chased her shamefully from Court sending her to her parents neither could the Queenes intercession preuaile any thing He did also punish with great seuerity the other insolencies of his Courtiers and aboue all things he shewed himselfe a louer of iustice onely he did forget to do reason to D. Beatrix Queene of Castile pretending to be right heire of the Realme which he enioyed whilest that she liued as it were in a priuate estate in Castile an example of rare patience and chastitie for shee would neuer heare speake of a second mariage although she were sought vnto by Princes of great state who happily might haue setled her in her fathers kingdome Besides the aboueâ—named buildings he built the towne of Almerin vpon the riuer of Tayo the pallace of Sintra the castle at Lisbon those of Sierra Balada neere to S. Iren and other Seeing himselfe in peace with all Christian Princes and well obeyed of his subiects he passed the sea with an armie and tooke Ceuta from the Moores of Affricke hauing in his company the Infant D. Edward holding then the place of the eldest for Don Alphonso was dead the Infant Don Pedro Duke of Coimbra and Lord of Montmajor the old and of Auero Don Pedro of Meneses Earle of Viana standard bearer of the realm who was the first Gouernor of Ceuta which victorie was intermixt with mourning for the death of the Queene D. Philippe his wife which happened in the yeares 1415. at what time the king D. Iohn did take a way the vse of accompting the yeares by the Aera of Caesar the which had beene till that time obserued in Portugall ordaining that from that time the yeare should begin from the Natiuity of Christ and that it should bee so dated in all publike and priuate writings to the end to conforme himselfe to that which was brought into Castile Arragon and Nauarre and to auoyd the confusion which fell our in contracts and bargains betwixt the subiects of the Realmes of Spaine In the yeare 1419. 1419. the Infant Don Henry his sonne who was Master of the Order of Christ mooued with an honest emulation by the conquest which his father had made vpon the Barbarians hauing conferred with some men of knowledge and experience in Cosmographie resolued to runne ouer the Ocean sea and to discouer the shoare and Ilands thereof Going from Lisbon with some ships hee came to the Iland of Madera in the yeare 1420. the which he found desert and full of wood An. 1420. whereof it carries the name M adera discouered for Madera is that which the Latins call Materia and we timber He set fire to this wood so as hauing cleansed it they found the soyle good and fruitfull for all things especially for sugar canes which grow in such aboundance as both Spaine and all Europe make great vse of it The Infant did afterwards continue this and other nauigations D. Henry Master of Christus the first discouerer at sea and was the first spurre to the Portugals which came after to discouer the coasts of Affricke and Asia and the Ilands of the South and Easterne seas with great honor to their nation and infinit profite to the whole world These things were attempted by the Portugals when as the peace betwixt them and the Castillans was doubtfull for the Councell of Castile delayed it by reason of the kings minority yet they liued quietly one with another About that time the ambassadors of Castile Castile which had beene sent to the Councell of Constance returned into Spaine bringing home the re-union of the church of Rome vnder Pope Martin the fift Among them was Don Diego of Anaya Maldonado Archb. of Seuile who built the Colledge of Saint Bartholomew at Salamanca this yeare 1420. beeing called the great Colledge the most auncient of all Castile where many learned men haue beene bred In that Vniuersitie of Salamanca are many other Colledges built and endowed with good liuings where there is good exercise of Diuinity arts and tongs as also in other townes of Spaine by the care of Bishops and good Prelates labouring chiefly to maintaine learning which are the grounds of pietie and vertue The same yeare a marriage was made betwixt D. Blanche of Nauarre the widdow-Queene of Sicile Nauarre and the Infant D. Iohn of Arragon second sonne to the King Don Fernand deceased By the treatie concluded the yeare before it was sayd That if the Infanta the presumptiue heire of Nauarre for the elder sister the Countesse of Foix was already dead without children should die before her husband hauing children or not that hee should raigne during his life in Nauarre after the decease of King Charles his father-in-law From this condition and promise being sworne there grew many troubles in Nauar. Besides the expectation of the Realme there
against the Infidels D. Aluar Gonçales Bishop of Lamego was the bringer of this Croisadoe into Portugal D. Iohn the second King of Castile being growne iealous of these nauigations and conquests as I haue said sought to hinder them sending word vnto the King Alphonso that they did belong vnto the crowne of Castile and therefore he did forbid the Portugals to goe thether any more else he would make violent warre against him King Alphonso answered his Ambassadors who were D. Iohn de Guzman and Doctor Fernand Lopes of Burgos very mildly that he had alwaies held that the conquests and descoueries of those coasts did belong vnto the Realme of Portugal yet he would alwaies if need were submit himselfe to iudgement and would desist if it were said that it did belong to any other and therefore he intreated him that without good information hee would not breake the peace betwixt the two realmes Herevpon the King of Castile died in the yeere 1454. at which time King Alphonso had a daughter borne called D. Ioane which was a very vertuous and religious Princesse In the end the body or bones of the Infant D. Pedro hauing remained some time in the castle of Arantes and remoued from thence to Saint Eloy at Lisbone they were buried at the intercession of the Pope the Duke of Burgondy of the Duchesse his wife and of the Queene D. Isabella and of many Noblemen and Prelats in the Monastery of the battaile so great account they made of a small matter in these ceremonies as the whole world must of force bee therein imployed The funeralls were celebrated with great pompe and solemnity The end of the nineteenth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE TVVENTETH BOOKE of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 DOn Henry the foâ—rth of that name nineteenth King of Castile and fortith of Leon his disposition and qualities 2 Forgetting of offences rebellions and riots past repealing of the Lords absent from Castile 3 The Gouernment of Castile at this Kings comming to the Crowne 4 Warres against the Moores 5 The diuorce of D. Henry the vnhable King of Castile with his second marriage 6 Quarrels betweene the Prince D. Charles of Nauarre and Queene Ioane his mother in law Partialities of Beaumont and Grammont in Nauarre warre betweene the father and the sonne 7 Last deeds of the King of Arragon D. Alphonso the fifth his royall disposition and quallities 8 Commotions in Biscay 9 Continuance of the warres against the Moores 10 Aduancement of diuers of meane condition in the Court of Castile 11 Insolencies of D. Iohn of Pacheco Marquis of Villena 12 Domesticall affaires of D. Henry the vnhable King of Castile his loues and vanities 13 D. Iohn the second of that name the eighteenth King of Arragon troubles betweene him and the Prince D. Charles his sonne 14 Affaires of Castile hatred and enuies of Court 15 Enterprises of the Prince D. Charles against the King Don Iohn his father his ouerthrow and imprisonment and of that which followed afterward euen vntill his deliuery and death 16 The warres of Granado 17 Gouernment of Castile and of the affaires of Court 18 Warre betweene Castile and Arragon 19 Behauiours of King Henry the vnhable and of Queene Ioane his wife the birth of D. Ioane the supposed Infanta 20 Sedition and ciuill warre in Cattalogâ—a with the rebellion of the Barcelonois and pawning of the Earldome of Rossillon to the French King 21 Gaston de Foix sonne in law to the King of Arragon and Nauarre his behauiour towards his sister in law Lady Blanche the heire of Nauarre Continuance of the warre of Cattalogâ—a 22 Arbitrement of King Lewis the eleuenth for the composing of the differences and disagreements betweene the Kings of Castile and Arragon and those of Barcelona with their Prince Enter view of the kings Lewis of France and Henry of Castile on the frontiers 23 Murther of a lew collector of the subsidies in Guipuscoa 24 Deceits betweene the Kings of Castile Nauarre and Arragon 25 D. Pedro of Portugal chosen King by those of Barcelona 26 Slanderous and false accusations of bloudy Monkes Quarrels betweene the prelats in Castile 27 Carelesnesse and iniustice of King Henry the fourth of Castile 28 The house of Bragança vnlucky enterprise of the King of Portugall D. Alphonso the fifth in Affrica 29 Lady Ioane borne in adultery promotion of D. Bertrand de la Cueua to the dignity of Maister of Saint Iames. Matters of quarrell in Castile Conspiracies and ciuill warre in that kingdome 30 Dangerous enterprises and treasons of the rebels against Don Henry King of Castile the King degraded by them and his brother the Prince Don Alphonso lifted vp to the regall dignity 31 Donna Leonora Countesse of Foix her cruell appetite and desire of gouernment her behauiour towards her elder sister 32 Continuance of the warre against the rebels of Cattalogna D. Pedro of Portugal a tumultuçs King in Barcelona his exploits and death The taking of Tortosa by the king Don Iohn of Arragon 33 The raysing vp againe of the king D. Henry of Castile stirres in Andaluzia by D. Pedro Giron Agreements recompences and gu fts made and giuen by the king of his faithfull friends and others Here follow the names of the Princes raigninge in Spaine in this twentith Booke CASTIL and LEON 19. D Henry the 4. and XL. ARRAGON and NAVARRE 18. D. Iohn 2. himselfe KIng Iohn the second being dead Surnames of liberal and vnable his sonne Henry the fourth of that name succeeded him in the Kingdomes of Castile and Leon who by diuers was surnamed the liberall for he was not onely bountifull but a great water and prodigall the which he did inherit from the King his father The surname of vnhable was giuen vnto him by reason of his naturall weakenesse being in the company of women the which his Queenes had experience of and yet those which haue written of his stature and proportion say Qualities and manners of the King D. Henry the fourth that he was strong and bigge of a manly aspect fierce and hairy This Prince was light-headed variable inconstant yet for all that of faire demeanure cutteous and affable to his familliar friends in so much as he neuer said thou to any one he did euer maintaine his grauity with Princes he was a louer of peace and did naturally put of from himselfe the managing of matters of State Hee would at one time bee bold and confident without suspition and within a while after contrary to himselfe solitary and an enemy of company most of which quallities he had by inheritance from his father He did take great pleasure in hunting in musicke and in buildings of houses of pleasure and he did likewise erect monasteries with other religious houses he would oftentimes sit and sing in Churches with singing men he was a great eater but he did neuer tast any wine By his bounty and liberality he raised diuers to great
An. 1458. one thousand foure hundred fifty eight where hee celebrated with great cost and royall magnificence the Funerals of the King Don Alphonso of Arragon dead at Naples hee committed an act in the behalfe of the Marquis of Villena scarce well digested This Marquis in regard of the affaires and gouernement of the kingdom had the same power and almost equall boldnesse which the Constable Aluaro de Luna had in the time of the King Don Iohn and hee would let nothing fall to ground which was profitable or commodious for him or his Now hee had a great desire to make a marriage betweene his eldest sonne Don Diego Lopes de Pacheco with the Countesse of Saint Steephen de Gormas Violent marriage of the Countesse of S. Stephen de Gormas and D. Diego Lopes Pacheâ—o daughter and heire to Don Iohn de Luna and Grandchild to the Constable Don Alâ—aro who at that time was in the gouernement of an vncle of his named also Don Iohn de Luna Nephew to the Constable who was Captaine of Soria and the Marquis did not onely practise the marriage of his eldest sonne with his Neece but also to dispossesse him of his Captaineship of Soria with other lands which he held For the obtayning whereof hee caused the King to haue him in suspition saying That hee was one of the conspiratours which were ioyned in league and confederacie against his seruice The King did easily and willingly beleeue this report made by the Marquis and feigning to ride on hunting hee came to Aillon where Don Iohn de Luna kept his residence who did receiue and feast both him and his trayne very sumptuously and with great magnificence who riding amongst the rest of the companie hee was no sooner entred into the fields but he was arrested as prisoner without knowing any cause or reason therof In the end hee was enioyned to dispossesse himselfe of Soria and other fortresses and places of strength and to receiue into them such garrisons as should please the king whereunto hee must needes obey on paine of loosing his head so as hee did not onely yeeld vp Soria but all that which did belong to the Countesse his Neece and her person also and so the Marquis had that which he desired The contempt of this Prince encreasing daily Don Alphonso Fajardo the chiefest Knight of Murcia Don Alphonso Faiardo 〈◊〉 contumelious rebel chastised holding a long time Carthagena Lorca and other places against the Kings will and these that ruled and gouerned him had likewise in a manner taken to himselfe by force the Master-shippe of Saint Iames and the Marquisate of Villena committing many outrages and insolencies vppon the lands and reuenues belonging to the King and Marquis beeing ayded and releeued sometimes by the Moores of Granado Against him Goâ—â—çalo de Sahauedra was sent with sixe hundred horse by whose care and diligence Don Alphonso lost all that which he held of his owne and other mens and so became a poore and miserable Knight hauing nothing left him but onely his sword and his cloake accounting and esteeming it for a great fauour and extraordinarie kindnesse to haue his life saued This man had his deserts and the King continued in his carelesnesse so as he was no more feared Aboue all the townes of his Kingdome the abode at Segobia and Madrid pleased him best because hee louing hunting better then affaires of consequence this Countrey beeing woody was very fit for it as also abounding in victuals and prouision for his Court The Kings Guard burthensome and super fluous which was very greatâ— for he did daily carrie about with him a guard of horse-men to the number of three thousand and sixe hundred Lances with an incredible expence wherewith his reuenues was charged to the vttermost the which his chiefe Treasurer Don Diego Arias In answer of K. Henry â—auoring of small iudgement like an honest and faithfull seruant put him in mind of on a time beseeching him to cut of so superfluous an expence you speake quoth he like Diego Arias but I will liue like a King and that was all the answer hee could receiue By his bountie and liberalitie he was well serued and attended on by diuers and in those dayes those of his Councell Chancerie and Iudges did discharge their duties very sufficiently In Areualo one of his Secretaries named Pedro de Tieda was put to death and others of his complices for counterfeiting the Kings letters and selling them for great summes of money Beeing in the cittie of Leon hee caused certaine Gentlemen to bee brought out of Gallicia which had dispossessed a Knight of his house hauing commanded their processe to be made they were there for the same put to death Such iust executions were sometimes done but he did greatly faile in other matters At the end of the yeare 1458. Queene Ioane made hir magnificent and royall entrie into the Cittie of Leon then they came to keepe Christmasse at Escalona where the Kings chiefe delight and recreation was in hunting and singing in the Church where he himselfe in his owne chappell would beare a part which in those dayes was the best furnished with cunning and experienced Musitians of any one particular place in the whole world The same yeare Don Alphonso King of Portugall led his armie into Affricke Portugal where he tooke the towne of Alcaçar distant sixe miles from Ceura his Vncle Don Henry and his brother Don Fernand Duke of Visâ—o accompanying him in that expedition Alcaçar was taken by meanes of certaine honest conditions and Don Edward de Meneses bastard sonne to Don Pedro de Meneses Earle of Viana who succeeded his father in the Earledome was left there as Gouernour After the kings returne into Portugall the Moores did indeauour but in vaine to recouer the place for the repayring and fortifying wherof the King caused a great quantitie of ground betweene the towne and the sea to be enclosed with a great and strong wall defended and guarded with towers the stone lime and other prouisions necessarie for such a worke of worth was by him brought from Portugall The yeare 1459. the King Don Henry of Castile Castile sent Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoça sonne to Don Inigo An. 1459. and brother to the Marquis of Santillana Ambassadour to the Councell held at Mantua by Pope Pius the second before times called Aeneas Syluius Picolomini who had newly succeeded Calixtus the third There with great deliberation and hope the warres against the Turkes was debated which in the end came to nothing and Don Inigo returned into Castile carrying home onely a Iubile of full remission of sinnes the collections whereof were so great and inestimable as hee therewith builded and erected the Monasterie of Saint Anne de la Pegna in his towne of Tendilla of the Order of Saint Iercome The King beeing returned to Madrid entertayned himselfe there a long time with feasts The loues and vanities
sudden sicknesse fifteene dayes after she was crowned in the same citie of Tudela she was buried in the couent of S. Sebastian of the Order of S. Francis neere to the citty of Tafalla which was since ruined by the commandement of Cardinall Francisco Ximeenes Archbishoppe of Toledo and Gouernour of Castile who thought that the strong building of that Monasterie was no good neighbour to such a towne Albeit we haue alreadie in the precedent booke spoken of this Princesses children yet wee will somewhat more amply enlarge the discourse thereof in this place Genealogie of Nauarre Their eldest sonne was Gaston who bearing the title of Prince of Viana was married to Donna Magdalene of France and dyed at Libourne beeing misfortunately hurt with the splinter of a Launce as hee there ranue at Tilt hee was father of two children that is to say Francis Phoebus and Katherine who were King and Queene of Nauarre and Earles of Foix successiuely the one after the other Their second sonne was Iohn who had the Vicounty of Narbonne for his portion purchased by his father for readie money and married Marie who was daughter to Lewis Duke of Orleance who was French king and the twelfth of that name Paradin sayes more truly that she was daughter to Charles Duke of Orleance of whome were borne Gaston of Foix Duke of Nemours who dyed in the battaile of Rauenna and Germaine who was second wife to Fernand the Catholicke King and after that shee was secondly married to Fernand of Arragon Duke of Calabria lawfull son to Fredericke king of Naples who dyed being Viceroy of Valencia This Iohn Vicount of Narbone was Gouernour of Daulphiné and afterwards of Guyenne a hardie and valiant Knight renowned in the warres against the English and in those of Italy whither hee went with King Charles the eighth in great credite and authoritie and afterwards dyed in the raigne of King Lewis the twelfth at Estampes where he lies buried The third sonne of Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora was Peter borne at Pau in the countrey of Bearne the yeare one thousand foure hundred forty nine who gaue himselfe to studie and did choose an ecclesiasticall life vnder the gouernement of his great Vncle the Cardinall of Foix Bishoppe of Lescar and the Popes Legate in Daulphiné and Prouence after whose death hauing profited at the Vniuersities of Tholousa Pauia and Ferrara in the ciuill and canon Lawes hee was also by Pope Sixtus the fourth made Cardinall of the title of Saint Cosmo and Damian beeing before Bishop of Vannes and prouided of many rich Benefices by the fauour of Francis Duke of Brittaine his brother-in law who had married his sister Ladie Margaret of Foix mother to Queene Anne The fourth sonne of the Earle of Foix and of Donna Leonora was called Iames hee onely of all their children was borne in Nauarre and was a Knight highly esteemed and honoured by King Lewis the twelfth with the Order of Saint Michaell and with the leading of an hundred men at armes in the warres of Lombardie and elsewhere he purchased the commendation of a valiant and wise Captaine but hee dyed young hauing not attayned to the age of thirtie yeares and was neuer married Hee left certaine base children who professed an ecclesiasticall life and did possesse rich benefices euen till the later dayes of King Francis the first Besides these foure sonnes Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora had fiue daughters the first whose name was Mary was married to William Marquis of Montferrat who by the Popes authoritie erected the church of Casall into a Bishops Sea this Ladie was brought to her husband the yeare one thousand foure hundred sixtie sixe by her brother Peter of Foix by Bernard the Bastard of Foix Godfrey Basileac Bishoppe of Riues by the Bishop of Conserans and Peter of Sobreuille and by diuers other Lords and Knights Of this marriage no male children were borne but daughters onely the eldest of whom was married to Lewis sonne to Thomas Marquis of Salusses and these daughters did not succeed their father in the Marquisat but a brother of his Ioane second daughter of Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora was married to the Earle of Armagnac sonne to him who was slaine by the commaundement of King Lewis the eleuenth with which marriage the King beeing displeased the Earle was so persecuted as hee was constrained to flie for safetie into Castile where trusting to the faire speeches oathes and promises of the Cardinall of Albi the French Kings Ambassadour in the sayd kingdome beeing returned into France hee was there cruelly stabbed to death with daggers Whereuppon his wife Donna Ioane of Foix returned into Bearne hauing had no children by him The third daughter was Marguerite wife to Francis the last Duke of Brittaine by whome hee had two daughters Anne and Izabella Izabella dyed young but Anne was married to two French Kings successiuely Charles the eighth and Lewis the twelfth by Lewis she had two daughters Claude and Rene Claude who was first promised to Charles who was since king of Spain and afterwards Emperor the fifth of that name did marrie Francis of Valois then duke of Angoulesme and afterwards French king first of that name Rene was married to Hercules of Este duke of Ferrara the Earle Gaston and his wife D. Leonora had besides these Catherine married to the Earle of Candale and mother of 3. children the eldest of whome was Lord of Candale the second Arch-bishoppe of Bourdeaux and the third who was a daughter named Anne Queene of Hungarie and Bohemia wife to Vladislaus son to Casimir King of Polonia This Vladislaus first king of Bohemia had before married Donna Beatrix of Arragon widdow to King Mathias of Hungarie for whose sake the Hungarians chose him for their King but he was diuorced from her in regard of her loose life and afterwards maried this Ladie Anne of Foix who was brought to her husband thorough the Dutchie of Milan at that time possessed by the French and by the cittie of Venice the great friend and ally of this King Leonardo Lauredan being at that time Duke thereof Of this marriage was borne Lewis who succeeded his father in the kingdomes of Bohemia and Hongarie husband to Queene Marie of Castile who was sister to the Emperour Charles and a daughter named Anne married to Ferdinand of Austria afterwards Emperour and Brother to Charles and by her king of Bohemia and Hungarie after the death of his father-in-law King Lewis of the which Fernand and Anne the Emperour Maximilian was borne and many other children the fifth daughter of Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora of Nauarre dyed vnmarried beeing onely promised to the Duke of Medina Celi issued from the same house of Foix and was called after her mothers name Leonora This house of Foix and Nauar hath brought foorth this of spring of great and illustrious Princes giuing to Christendome at one time foure Queenes who were cousin-germaines namely Catherine Queene of Nauar Germaine
whose hands lay the gouernment of al the affairs of Egypt and namely out of their bands was the Souldan chosen Being come to Caire he was longed in the sayd Truchmans house and then the day following he was ledde to the Castle to the Souldans pallace and passing thorough diuers galleries full of Mameluques he was brought into an hall where the Souldan taried for his comming Hee found him sitting vppon a bed of State like vnto women made in fashion of an altar clothed in a gowne of skarlet with large sleeues furred with Martins and vpon his head a rich Turbant with two hornes after a strange fashion and a sword neere vnto him being compassed about with diuers Gouernours of Prouinces which they called Admirals Admirals Gouernors of Prouinces Before this Emperor the Ambassadour presented himselfe apparelled in a coate of blacke sattin and a gowne of purple veluet kneeling vpon one knee the Monkes and other Christians which followed him kneeled on both their knees and hands as though they would haue kissed the earth then rising vp and going on neerer by two and two paces they made three such reuerences then standing vpon their feete the Ambassadour went a little forwarder neere to the Prince and hauing made a fourth reuerence he stood vp and presented the Kings of Castils letters of credit to the Truchman the which beeing opened and read with diuers ceremonies the Souldan told him that hee was welcome Then the Ambassadour making a great reuerence told him the Kings his Lords and Masters had sent him thither to salute and visit him in their name and to offer him whatsoeuer was in their power excepting that which belonged to Christian Religion and that he had commandement and instruction to communicate diuers businesses with him Wherefore he besought him to be pleased to giue him audience in a more priuate manner the Souldan answered him that he was contented to do so and told him that if in the meane time he wanted any thing he should speake and that whatsoeuer he demanded should be giuen The Ambassadour hauing againe thanked him and sayd that he could desire no more fauour and courtesie then hee had alreadie receiued then tooke his leaue and returned to his lodging whether the Souldan sent him diuers presents of meates Three dayes after the Ambassadour accompanied by the Truch-man was brought againe to the Pallace early in the morning before the Ambassadours of the Kings of Affricke and the Moores were risen and finding the Souldan at seysure he gaue him secret audience where he answered very pertinently to all the Souldans demaunds and did highly content him and this conference betwixt them lasted till two of the clocke in the after-noone all the contrarie Ambassadours beeing come to Court in hope to see the Spanish disgraced but they were deceyued for they beheld him returne to his house very honourably accompanied Afterward the Moorish Ambassadours in two seuerall audiences pressing and accusing the Kings of Castile Peter Martyr did so well disguise and handle the matter as he perswaded the Souldan that whatsoeuer his aduersaries had said was but meere vntruths Wherefore hee beeing sent backe againe the same time the Truchman procured a fourth audience wherein the Ambassador of Castile being heard almost an whole day did in such manner content and satisfie the Souldan as hee procured his fauour and friendship for his King and Queene And as hee was going foorth of the Souldans presence two Admirals cloathed him with a gowne of Damaske furred with very rich Ermines it was in the moneth of Februarie for which hauing giuen thankes and made his vsuall reuerences hee returned with his trayne In this manner are the faults of great men excused by great men Before Peter Martyrs departure he feasted and banqueted the Admirals and chiefest Mamelucs so as they were highly contented with him and departing from Cayro he went to visit the notable places of Egypt and Syria of which voyage and ambassage hee wrote a discourse at his returne This is hee which wrote an historie of the Indies by Decades in Latin which he entitled The Ocean vnto the yeare 1526. He returned into Spaine with honour and gaue good account to the Catholicke Kings of his Legation The nauigations to the Indies were this yeare very common diuers particular persons Voyages of diuers particular persons to the Indies tickled with a desire of gaine vndertaking those dangerous voyages at their owne costs by the Kings permission notwithstanding Rodrigo de Bastidas was one of those aduenturers who set forth two Caruels at his owne costs and Iohn de Ledesma's and others carrying with him Iohn de la Cosa an excellent Marriner borne in Saint Mary port who departing from Cales sayled neere to Cape de Vela and ranne one hundred three score and tenne leagues vppon the coast from that Cape to the Gulph of Vraba and Darian in which are found Caribana Zenu Carthagena Zamba and S. Martha places inhabited by people called Caribes who feed on mans flesh without law or naturall honestie beeing armed with darts and poysoned arrowes Rodrigo de Bastida beeing afterwards come to the cittie of Domingo did lose his Caruels there and was committed to prison by the Commander Francisco de Bouadilla Gouernor of the Iland of Hispagniola laying to his charge that he had trafficke with the Indians for gold defrauding the king of his right wherefore he sent him prisoner into Spaine but the kings set him at libertie knowing that this voyage was for the publike good and gaue him 200. Duckets of rent Nicholas d' Ouando Gouernor of the Indies Nicholas d' Ouando Commander of Larez of the Order of Alcantara a valiant Knight did by the kings commandement set sayle with thirty shippes and a great company of souldiers to succeed the Commander Bouadilla taking along Rowland Ximenes in his company the enemy and accusers of the breethren Columbus did embarke himselfe in the same vessell which had brought the new Gouernour whereof Antonio de Torres was Captaine hauing with them more then an hundred thousand Duckets weight of gold and among others a graine of pure gold to present vnto the Queene weighing 3. thousand three hundred Castillans but their hap was such as both they and their wealth perished by sea the Admirall Columbus and his brother beeing by that meanes reuenged of the great rigour that Bouidilla had vsed towards them by sending them from the Indies in yrons into Spayne The Gouernour Bouadilla drowned with three hundred Spaniards and of Rowland Ximenes ingratitude and rebellion with whom were drowned more then three hundred men so as of those thirty ships hardly sixe escaped Nicholas d' Ouando remained in his gouernement of the Island of Hispagniola the space of sixe yeares all matters succeeding well and prosperously with him by reason of his humanity and gentlenes he conquered the Prouinces of Higney Zauana Guaycarima he pacified that of Xaragua and vsing all his authoritie with
of Ferrara and the marquesse of Mantoua either of them to fauour the cardinals of their faction and to make a Pope by force to the prejudice of the citie and of the whole territorie This yeare there were sixteene foists of Moores scoured the coasts of Valencia who landing neere vnto the riuer Xucar assailed the towne of Cullera carried away seuentie prisoners and committed other spoyls The duke of Valentinois at his fathers death was so ill with this drinke which he had taken as he was constrained to be a neuter as he had carried himselfe in the warres betwixt Fraunce and Spaine yet adhering more to the great captaine for the designe which they both had to inuade Tuscanie when as the warres of Naples should be ended Hauing entertained himselfe in fauour with Pope Iulio Quarels betwixt Pope Iulio and the duke of Valentinois at his aduancement they fell afterwards to quarell for certaine places in Romania held by the duke of Valentinois which the Pope would haue so as the duke was staied at Ostia meaning to imbarke to go to Specie and from thence by Ferrara to Imola Afterwards hauing in some sort satisfied the Popes desire and being set at libertie he retired to Naples hauing a pasport from the great captaine thinking to be verie safe there whereas propounding many great enterprises euen vpon Tuscanie and beginning to make preparation to put his designe in execution Duke of Valentinois sent prisoner into Spaine by D. Gonsalo the great captain staied him prisoner saying that it was by the commaundement of the king D. Ferdinand to whom he ought more reuerence than to the pasport he had giuen him and so he sent him into Spaine where he was lodged in the castle of Medina del Campo called la Mote By this meanes the great captaine kept this turbulent man from troubling the affaires of Italie any more The armie led by the lord of Tremouille being come into the realme of Naples did nothing but increase the glorie and reputation of the great captaine who by a memorable victorie gotten at the riuer of Garillan did there settle the Spaniards commaund Retreat of the French out of the realme of Naples verie miserable for soone Gajete which was the onely hope of the French yeelded vpon condition that all prisoners should be deliuered and that the French might retire safely into France who being naked and vnprouided of all things perished in a maner all by the way of hunger cold and other extremities At the same time king Lewis hauing appointed two armies to inuade Spaine Two armies of French in Spain one by Guipuscoa the other by Cattelonia that which marcht towards Fontarrabie wherof the lord of Albret had the charge could neuer come together the other led by the marshall of Rieux entred by the countrey of Rossillon and besieged Sausses but not being able to take it he was forced to retire both for that he fell sicke as also for that D. Frederic of Toledo duke of Alua Generall of the Spanish armie which was raised at Perpignan began to march to raise the siege king Ferdinand being also come in person into Cattelonia to giue order for the affaires of this warre the which afterwards had some intermission 1504 by a truce of fiue monethes which was made at the instance of king Frederic who was not out of hope to returne into his realme Which conceit was grounded vpon the demonstrations of fauour were made him both by France and Spaine which was but a vaine content and a comfort to him in his miserable estate This truce was afterwards continued for three yeares both by sea and land with free trafficke for all their subiects except the French in the realme of Naples For the great seruices which D. Gonsalo Fernandes surnamed the Great Captaine had done to the kings D. Ferdinand D. Gonsalo Fernandes made duke of Terra noua and Sessa and D. Isabella in this warre he obtained the duchie of Terra noua and of Sessa besides the duchie of S. Ange which king Frideriâ— had giâ—en him when as he fauoured him and the Constableship of the realme of Naples Pedro Nauarro had also for his good seruices Pedro Nauarro made earle of Albeto his beginning and in recompence of his great industrie during the warre the countrey of Albeto in the same realme of Naples neere vnto Aquih This man from a small condition came to this greatnesse by his vertues for his beginning being scarce knowne he first of all went to sea and was a mariner after which he was a footman to the cardinall D. Iohn of Arragon then a souldier and in the end a famous captaine and an earle After the swearing of the said truce Earthquake in Spaine there was a great earthquake throughout all Spaine to the great terrour and amazement of all men by the which many houses churches forts and other buildings were shaken and ruined At that time they say the testament of the deceased king Henrie the fourth was found by the diligence of Hernando Gomes of Herrera of Madrid who hauing notice from the curat of S. Croix of the same towne that this testament was in the towne of Almeyda in Portugal whither he had transported it with other writings of importance he aduertised the queene and by her commission went to Almeyda with the curat found these writings and brought them away In recompence whereof the king made the bachelâ—r Hernand Alcayde or Prouost of the justice of his house and court The queene did not see this testament as it is probable for she fell extreamly sicke and after foure monethes languishing died Death of the Q. Isabella at Medina del Campo in the yeare 1504 being 53 yeares old and seuen monethes and the thirtieth yeare of her raigne A princesse adorned with great vertues which may couer some excesse of ambition her other imperfections she was zealous in religion chast liberall and courteous Her bodie was transported to the citie of Granado Bodie of the Q. Isabella in a Friers weed and remained long there in the Alhambra in the habit of a Franciscane Frier as she had ordained And after the decease of her husband which was twelue yeares after it was layed with his in the royall chappell of that citie That yere died D. Magdeleina Infanta of Nauarre in the same towne of Medina del Campo being daughter to the king D. Iohn of Albret and Katherine then raigning D. Henrie Henriques vncle to king Ferdinand and his lord steward and D. Pedro of Estuniga cardinall and Archbishop of Seuille did also leaue this world which Archbishopricke was giuen to Diego of Deca borne at Toro being then bishop of Palence a doctor in Diuinitie and afterwards Inquisitor generall Confessor to the king and founder of the colledge of S. Thomas of Aquin at Seuille ⧠THE 25 BOOKE OF THE Historie of Spaine The Contents of the 25 Booke 1 VOyage of Iohn Cosa
Iohn and very wel allied 2. D. Francisco de Toledo brother to the Earle of Orgas 3. D. Alonso de Luçon 4 D. Nicholas d' Isla or Patritio Anselmo the 5. and last D. Augustin Mexia who afterwards was Castellan of Antwerp there being 32. companies in euery regiment besides certaine Portugal and Italian bands D. Lewis Peres de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia Marquis of Saint Lucars and Knight of the Order of the Golden fleece was General of this great army Officers of the army as you haue heard D. Iohn Martines de Ricaldo was Admiral of the fleet and D. Francisco de Bouadilla Marshall There were of the Councel of war Diego Pimentel Flores de Baldes Pedro de Baldes Michel Oquendo Alonso de Lieua Diego Maldonado D. George Manriques with many others There were many Noblemen and about 120. gentlemen of note voluntaries that went to win honor amongst which were the Prince of Ascoly the Marquis of Pegnafiel the Marquis of Berlango with many others of great account The Duke of Parma during this preparation Preparation of the Duke of Parma to ioyne with the army had commandement from the King of Spaine to make ready ships and boats to land men and to haue his forces in a readinesse to ioyne with his army that came from Spaine who spent much time with great care and industry to prouide all things ready for such an enterprise He had 32. ships of warre within Dunkerke and an infinite number of boats for transportation hee lodged all his forces neere vnto the sea being about 30000. foot and nine hundred horse There came many Princes and Noblemen from forraine countries running to this imaginary conquest Out of Spaine the Duke of Pastrana Prince of Vuly sonne to Ruy Gomes de Sylua but hee was held to bee the Kings base sonne the Marquis of Bourgawe one of the Archduke Fernands sonnes Noblemen come into Flanders D. Vespasian Gonzaga of the house of Mantoua a great souldier D. Iohn de Medicis base sonne to the Duke of Florence D. Amadeus a bastard of Sauoy with many others The Queene of England hearing of all this preparation in Spaine and the Low countries omitted nothing that might serue for her iust defence Preparation in England Shee sent forth her best ships of warre with some Merchants to lie at Plymouth in the West parts there to attend the enemy commanded by the Lord Charles Howard high Admirall of England and now Earle of Nottingham beeing accompanied by the Lord Thomas Howard second sonne to the Duke of Norfolke and now Earle of Suffolke the Lord Sheffeld and many other Noblemen and gentlemen of quality And in the narrow seas betwixt Douer and Calis the Lord Henry Seymor sonne to the Duke of Somerset lay with forty or fifty saile of smaler ships The vnited Prouinces had prouided twenty small ships to keepe all the coast of Flanders where there be great flats and when as the Spanish fleet was ready to come they sent in the end Iustine Nassau their Admirall with fiue and thirty tall ships well appointed to ioyne with the Lord Henry Seymer which ships vnited should keepe the Duke of Parma from comming forth whereon their preseruation did depend But let vs returne to this great fleet of Spaine Spanish fleete disperst at sea which beganne to way anchor at Lisbone on the nine and twentith day of May this yeere 1588. and sailed to the Groine in Gallicia where they tooke in more men and some munition From thence they put to sea but they were disperst by a storme so as the Duke was forced to returne againe vnto the Groine with his fleet eight of his ships hauing spent their masts of the foure gallies one recouered that port the other three were driuen into Bayonne in France whereas all the slaues escaped The army being refreshed and the ships repaired the King did daily importune them to put to sea which they did on the twentith of Iuly sayling till they came to the entry of the English Channel from thence they sent to aduertise the Duke of Parma of their comming to the end hee might bee ready to ioyne with them The fleet was discouered by one captaine Fleming who aduertised the Lord Admirall of England when hee little expected them which made him with all possible speed to drawe his ships out of the hauen of Plymouth imbarking his men with great confusion and difficulty himselfe putting to sea that night but with sixe ships and the rest following as they could The two fleetes hauing discouered one an other on the thirtith day of Iuly the Spaniards leauing the English kept on their course towards Flanders according to the stricknesse of their Commission which was to ioyne with the Duke of Parma and then ioyntly to inuade England In this manner the Spanish fleet went on with a small saile close together fearing to loose some of their company for that the English had got the winde and bare vp within musket shot Passing on in this close manner the Gallion wherein Pedro de Baldes was brake her mast against an other ship so as it was not able to follow the fleete neither would they stay to helpe her but falling off from the rest it yeelded the next day to Sir Francis Drake besides D. Pedro there were diuers gentlemen and 450. men in her and as it was said some of the King of Spaines treasor at the same time Michel d' Oquendos the viceadmiralls ship was by casualty set on fire and burnt to the water of the which there were some saued On the second day of August there was a hot fight betwixt the two fleets right against Portland but the Spaniards left it and went on their intended course On the fourth day was the like before the Isle of Wight where the English Admirall accompanied by the Lord Thomas Howard in the Lyon the Lord Sheffeld in the Beare Sir Robert Southwell in the Elizabeth Ionas with some few others did charge the Spanish Admiral being in the midest of his best ships but in the end the Spaniards went away before the winde and on the sixth of August they came to anchor before Calis meaning there to attend the Duke of Parma whether the next day the English fleet came and anchored close by them who that night sending downe ships before the winde being full of wood poulder wild-fire and other combustible things and beginning to burne they made the Spaniards in that amazement cut their cables and to put confusedly to sea In this confusion the great Galleasse of D. Hugo de Moncado lost her helme and was driuen vpon Callis sands where D. Hugo was slaine and the Galleasse spoiled by the English and lost where there were three hundred slaues set at liberty The morning after their disorder the Spaniards had put themselues againe into battaile and the English charged them before Graueling but they desired to passe along with the winde and to stand
saile to the East and West Indies let them put in caution take an oath to discharge their goods in Spaine at the returne of their ships vpon paine of punishment if they infringe this order the which I think they will willingly offer to obserue By this means the riches of the Indies and Spaine shall haue free commerce with the Low Countries whereby both France and England shall be disappointed My son I could prescribe you greater designes for the conquering of kingdoms but you shal find in my studie such aduertisements discourses as haue bin giuen me commaund Christopher de Mora to deliuer you the key presently lest those secrets shold fal into some strangers hands I did cause some briefs of those instructions to be burnt the 7 of September I doubt all are not supprest be carefull to seeke for them I haue this day added if you can win Antonio Perez that he may serue you in Italie or in some other of your Estates but suffer him not to returne into Spaine nor to go into the Low Countries Touching your mariage the instructions are in the custodie of the Secretarie la Loo Read this often that is written with mine owne hand Haue a watchful eye ouer your most secret counsellors acquaint your selfe with cyphers discontent not your Secretaries keep them alwaies imployed be it about matters of importance or otherwise make triall of them rather by your enemies than by your friends If you discouer your secrets to any familiar friend keepe alwaies the most important within your owne bosome The king of Spaine fearing that in his life time the mariage of his daughter with the Archduke Albert would not be consummated Archduke Albert goâ—s into Spaine and that after his death the Infanta Isabella would like better of the donation than the mariage hee tied her vnto it with strict conditions desiring aboue all things that she should liue vnder the protection of the Crowne of Spaine whereunto this new alliance did particularly bind her Whereupon the Archduke gaue order for the gouernement of the Low Countries and prepared himselfe to goe into Spaine to marie the Infanta But the king of Spaine before his death had concluded a mariage betwixt prince Philip his son and Marguerite daughter to the Archduke of Austria of Gratz being younger sister vnto Marie who had bin promised vnto the prince but dyed before the consummation of the mariage Wherefore the Archduke Albert had commaundement to goe and receiue the said ladie Marguerite at Gratz and to conduct her into Spaine Being readie to goe on his journey hee receiued newes of the death of the king of Spaine yet hee went on his journey and passing by the countrey of Treues the Palatinat and the duchie of Wirtemberg into the limits of Bauaria he came into the countie of Tyrol being receiued in all places with great pompe and presents He meetes with the future Queene of Spaine and his traine discharged In this countie hee met with the ladie Marguerite of Austria and Marie of Bauaria her mother neere vnto the place whereas the Emperour Charles the fift and his brother Ferdinand king of Romans met in remembrance of which happie enteruiew there was a table of brasse hung vp for a monument and is yet to be seene which table doth represent them as they imbraced one another This ladie was attended on by 500 gentlemen of high Hungarie whereas the Archduke her father makes his chiefe residence Hauing joyned their troupes being about two thousand horse and three thousand fiue hundred foot they past by Bolsene and came to Trent the nine and twentieth of October where they spent some dayes to visit the reliques of Saints Then entring into the territories of Venice which was neere they were honourably receiued by two Senators at a village called Delce Venetians defâ—ay the charge of the future Queene of Spaine vpon the riuer of Adde where there was a bridge made by commaundement of the State for them to passe ouer They went on by small journeyes through the Venetians countrey who defrayed the charges of them and their whole traine ten dayes together Hauing past Verona they entred the duke of Mantouas country who came in post with ten noblemen to Ostia a small village vpon the riuer of Po to salute the queene Duke of MaÌ„toua entertaines the Queene of Spaine where there were many boats made readie among other there was a nuptiall barge verie sumptuously made and couered with tapistrie of siluer the which was diuided into chambers halls and cabinets The future queene her mother the Archduke Albert with some noblemen and ladies entred this barge where they found the tables readie furnished with all exquisit meats The rest of the traine past the riuer in three great boats vnto the other side whereas Rouere stands a towne belonging to the duke of Mantoua from thence going downe the riuer they were carried to Ferrara whereas the Pope was with many Cardinals whither he came after the composition of Faence with D. Caesar of Este. The Pope being certified of the queenes comming neere the towne Pope sendes a present to the Queene of Spaine hee presently sent forth two Cardinals Legats which were Aldobrandin and Saint Clement with a great number of Prelats and gentlemen Hauing gone three miles they receiued the queene verie honourably at a place called the islands euen as she landed in the name of the Apostolike Sea and of the Pope presenting vnto her in his name a rich caroch wherof all the yron-worke was gilt being drawne by six white horses in the which the queen her mother and the Archduke entred into Ferrara Without the citie gates the duke of Sessa Present sent by the King of Spaine to his Queene embassador for the king of Spaine presented vnto her in his masters name a litter couered with cloth of gold and richly appointed both in the yron-worke which was of siluer and gilt as of all other royall furniture hauing two white mules and the muleters in the like liuerie and withall a corroch with six pied horses Arriuall of the Queene of Spaine into Ferrara and two coach-men clad in cloth of gold which made a glistering shew At the port called Angels gate shee was receiued by two other Cardinals Sforce and Montalto and conducted into a house artificially made where shee was seated in a royall throne where she staied vntill the rest of the Cardinals came to visit and receiue her After this reception the queene was mounted vpon a white horse and â—he princesse her mother vpon the like which the Pope had sent them in that maner she entred the city being late vnder a canopie of cloth of siluer and betwixt the two Cardinals which had receiued her at the port There were a great number of coaches and wagons which went before with much baggage then followed two companies of horse hauing mourning weeds vpon their armes by reason of the late
death of the king of Spaine after whom followed a troupe of courteors on horsebacke then two other companies of horse sent from the Pope to receiue the Queene followed by such as serued the Cardinals and other noblemen After whom came a great number of gentlemen and noblemen verie gallantly appointed Such as carried maces of siluer which is the marke of a Cardinall being mounted vpon mules with solemne ornaments marcht before the companie of Cardinals who were attired in violet which is their accustomed habit to mourne in The Queene went betwixt the two Cardinals Sforce and Montalto hauing her Dutch gards about her and her mother with the Archduke Albertus following her After whom followed the great Constable gouernour of Milan the duke of Aumale the prince of Orange the earles of Egmont Gand Barlamont and Ligny with many other lords and ladies of great state and a great number of carroches and coaches full of ladies and gentwolemen In this order they came to the Emperours embassadours lodging passing vnder many triumphant Arches that were set vp in euerie street The king of Spaines spouse being come vnto the palace Entrie of the Queene of Spaine into the Popes Palace shee mounted vp betwixt two images of the two Apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul princes of the Church which were set at the staires foot and then she retired her selfe into a chamber joyning vnto the which was the sacred Consistorie where the Pope was set in his Pontificall throne with his whole colledge of Cardinals where she stayed vntill the Oration was ended which was pronounced by Bernardin Lescot of Milan in prayse of the house of Austria and of the happie arriuall of the said future Queene After which she with her mother and the Archduke were brought in and suffered to kisse his Holinesse feet who receiued them graciously and gaue them his blessing After which the said future Queene was conducted to her cabinet which was prepared for her after a royall maner The next day hauing assisted at a Masse which the Pope himselfe did say the Queene her mother and the Archduke were feasted at the Popes owne table But the Sunday being the fifteenth of Nouember was the day appointed for the celebration of the mariage at which time they all left off their mourning weeds which they had worne for the death of the king of Spaine Mariage of the King of Spaine and put on their nuptiall robes where both princes and princesses and the whole Court shewed themselues so rich and sumptuous euerie one seeking to note his familie by the inuention of his liueries as the like had neuer been seene in Ferrara On the day appointed for this great ceremonie the Pope went before to the Cathedrall church being set in his throne with his Pontificall robes and diadem readie to say Masse The Queen being attired all in white after a royall manner and glistering with pearles and pretious stones of inestimable value being followed by her mother the Archduke and all the princes noblemen and ladies was so conducted as a bride vnto the same church by the Cardinals of Santiquatro and Farnese the which glistered being hung with cloth of siluer The Queene being set in a throne of cloth of gold vnder a cloth of Estate of the same and her mother with her the Archduke being also set in one of the same the Pope began the Masse After the Canticle had beene song the Queene was conducted neere vnto the Pope by the said Cardinals with her mother and a great troupe of ladies and in like manner the Archduke approached being followed by the princes and noblemen The king of Spaines procuration directed to the Archduke being read the Pope did consummate the mariage betwixt Philip the third king of Spaine in the person of Albert his vncle deputed by him to that end and appearing in his name on the one part and Queene Margâ—erite being present on the other She being conducted backe vnto the throne there was an acclamation of all the princes congratulating the mariage with wishes of all happinesse The Archduke staied still before the Pope 1599 vntill that the duke of Sessa came with the like procuration from the Infanta D. Isabella Clara Eugenia 〈…〉 which commission being read the said Infanta was maried by her Proctor to the Archduke Albert by the Popes hands Masse being ended the Pope caused the maried queene to approach neere the altar to whom he presented a consecrated rose all of gold the which his Holinesse doth commonly giue to queenes and princesses as a sword and a hat hath beene vsually sent by Popes to the chiefe princes of Christendome After which all the citie of Ferrara was full of feasts and joy for the solemnization of this mariage All places streets waies and houses both publike and priuat did ring with acclamations of joy the citie was full of maskes and dauncings and there was nothing omitted that might in any sort giue delight and contentment Hauing passed those few dayes which they remained at Ferrara in great joy and feasting they made preparation to goe to Mantoua The duke attended them at Rouere hauing sent foure companies of men at armes before who conducted the queene to Gouberne which is a castle situated vpon the riuer of Mince The queene of Spaines entrie into Mantoua there the queene going into the Bucentaure which was a verie stately gallie she was carried downe the riuer within a mile of Mantoua where landing she was entertained by the princes and then entred the citie in a Carrosse with her mother being honoured with pleasing sights in all places as she past The palace wherein she was to lodge was royally appointed but the Sunday after her arriuall there was a tragicall commedie represented vnto her beyond all admiration The duke of Mantoua entertained the queene so royally as besides the rich presents which he gaue he defraied 5000 foot and 4000 horse for the space of nine daies together The queene Entrie into Milan her mother and the Archduke going from Mantoua past by Cremona to Milan It were tedious to make repetitions of all the honours that were there done vnto the queene And for that Milan is now held by the king of Spaine they resolued to stay there and to attend the kings good pleasure being vnfit to passe into Spaine during the Winter season where the duke of Sauoy came to visit the queene with a gallant traine The greatest Monarches of the world are forced to giue time to time and to refer vnto it the accomplishment of their desires Their power be it neuer so absolute cannot make the seasons subiect to their wils neither aduance nor keepe them backe according to the commoditie of their designes If this could haue beene effected the queene of Spaine had not staied so long in Italie Queene of Spaine imbarks for Spaine the desire she had to see the king D. Philip 3 would haue giuen her wings to flie from
1159 he raigned 55 yeres D. Leonora daughter to Henrie the second king of England Children D. Blanche Queene of France D. Berenguela Queene of Leon. D. Sancho died an infant D. Vrraca Queene of Portugall D. Fernand died young D. Malfade died a virgin D. Constance a Nunne D. Leonora Queene of Arragon D. Henrie King of Castille Two daughters which died in their infancies VIII D. Henrie first of that name sonne to D. Alphonso 4 in the yeare 1214 he raigned about three yeares D. Malfada of Portugall his wife The king D. Henrie beeing dead without children his sister D. Berenguela second daughter to king D. Alphonso seized vpon the realme of Castille to the preiudice of D. Blanche mother to Saint Lewis king of France who was the elder and there setled D. Fernand sonne to her and to D. Alphonso ninth king of Leon. IX D. Ferdinand third of that name sonne to D. Alphonso ninth king of Leon and to D. Berenguela of Castille obtained the realme of Castille to the preiudice of Queene Blanche mother to Saint Lewis in the yeare 1217 and raigned 35 yeares D. Beatrix daughter to the Emperour Philip of whom was borne Lawfull children D. Alphonso D. Frederic D. Ferdinand D. Henrie D. Philip. D. Sancho D. Emanuel D. Leonora not maried D. Berenguela a Nun. By 〈◊〉 or Adella as some write of the house of Poictiers his second wife he had Lawfull children D. Ferdinand D. Lewis D. Leonora In this King the two Realmes of Leon and Castille were vnited and were no more diuided X. King of Castille 31. of Leon. D. ALFONSO sonne to D. Ferdinand 3 numbred for the 5 of that name and 10 in Leon but they that joyne these two Lines accompt him the 11 adding his great grandfather Alfonso 4 of Castille who had no interest in Leon. D. Violant of Arragon his wife by whom he had Children D. Ferdinand called de la Cerde who marryed D Blanche daughter to â— Lewis of France and had D. Alfonso who marryed the Ladie of Lunet named Mâ—lfâ—da daughter to the Vicont of Narbone D. Lewis Earle of Clermont husband to D. Leonora de Guzman D. Iohn Constable of France named by some Charles D. Lewis earl of ClermoÌ„â— D. Iohn de la Cerde D. Isabell wife to Bernard de Foix base the stemme of the house of Medina Celi D. Fernand who had to wife D. Iâ—ane de lara and had one daughter D. Blanche married to D. Iohn Manuell father to D. Ioane Queene of Castille wife to D. Henry the Bastard D. Iohn called de Lara heire to his mother D. Sancho 2. sonne D. Pedro 3. sonne D. Iohn 4. sonne to D. Alfonso the wiâ—e who married D. Maria Lopes Diaâ— heire of Biscaie and had D. Iohn the blind father to one Daughter marryed to D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara D. Iames 5. sonne D. Berenguela D. Beatrix D. Isabell. D. Leonora D. Maior de Gazman a Concubine mother to D. Beatrix Queene of Portugall XI King of Castille 32. of Leon. D. SANCHO second sonne to the King D. Alphonso seized vpon the realme in his fathers life time to frustrat the children of his elder brother D. Ferdinand deceased in the yeare 1284 and raigned about 11 yeares wee number him for the 4 of that name in Castille D. MARIA of Castille daughter to D. Alphonso Lord of Molina his wife Lawfull children D. Isabella Duchesse of Britaine D. Ferdinand D. Alphonso or Philip. D. Henry D. Pedro. D. Beatrix XII King of Castille 33. of Leon. D. FERDINAND sonne to D. Sancho the 4 of that name in the yeare 1295 hee raigned 17 yeares D. Constance of Portugall his wife Children D. Alphonso D. Leonora XIII King of Castille 34. of Leon. D. Alfonso 11 of that name sonne to D. Ferdinand in the yeare 1312 he raigned 38 yeares D. Maria of Portugall his wife Lawfull children D. Ferdinand died in his infancie D. Pedro King By Leonora de Guzman a Concubine he had Bastards D. Pedro. D. Sancho Twins D. Henry D. Frederic D. Ferdinand D. Tello D. Iohn D. Ioane who was wife to Ferdinand de Castro XIIII King of Castille 35. of Leon. D. Pedro the cruell in the yeare 1350 he was lawfull sonne to D. Alfonso or as some hold supposed by the Queene D. Maria who was iealous of the fruitfulnesse of D. Leonora de Guzman he raigned tirannously 18 yeares D. Blanche of Bourbon his wife D. Maria de Padille his Concubine Bastards D. Beatrix D. Constance Duchesse of Lancaster D. Alfonso D. Isabell Countesse of Cambridge D. Ioane de Castro whom he married in the life of Queene Blanche mother to D. Iohn D. Isabella an other Concubine mother to Bastards D. Sancho D. Diego D. Theresa of Ayala vpon promise of marriage brought him D. Maria. XV. King of Castille 36. of Leon. D. Henry 2 of that name base sonne to Alfonso 11 beeing persecuted by the king D. Pedro he had recourse vnto the French by whose ayde he conquered the Realme of Castille and slew the king D. Pedro in the yeare 1368 and raigned 11 yeares D. Ioane Manuell his wife mother to Lawfull children D. Iohn king of Castille D. Leonora Queene of Nauarre D. Leonora Ponce some call her Beatrix a Concubine by her he had D. Frederic duke of Benauent D. Eluira Inigues an other Concubine mother to D. Ioane marryed to D. Alfonso sonne to the Marquesse of Villena Of vncertaine mothers were borne D. Alfonso Earle of Gijon An other daughter married to D. Pedro sonne to the marquesse of Villena XVI King of Castille 37. of Leon. D. Iohn 1 of that name sonne to D. Henry the second in the yeare 1379 hee raigned 11 yeares D. Leonora of Arragon his wife mother to Lawfull children D. Henry D. Ferdinand A daughter which died yong D. Beatrix of Portugall his second wife XVII King of Castille 38 of Leon. D. HENRY third of that name sonne to D. Iohn the first in the yere 1390 he raigned 16 yeares D. KATHERINE of Lancaster his wife Lawfull children D. Marie Queene of Arragon D. Iohn King of Castille D. Katherine XVIII King of Castille 39 of Leon. D. IOHN sonne to D. Henry the third in the yeare 1406 he raigned 48 yeares D. MARIA of Arragon daughter to D. Ferdinand his vncle his wife Lawfull children D. Katherina died yong D. Leonora D. Henry king of Castille D. ISABELL of Portugall his second wife daughter to the infant D. Iohn Master of S. Iames. D. Isabell Queene of Castille D. Alphonso XIX King of Castille 40 of Leon. D. HENRY fourth of that name called the vnable in the yeare 1454 he raigned 21 yeares D. BLANCHE of Nauarre daughter to the king D. Iohn his first wife put away D. IOANS of Portugall his second wife mother to D. Ioane a supposed child XX. King of Castille 41 of Leon. D. ISABELL of Castille sister to king Henry the fourth was Queene of Castille as next of the bloud and lawfull she married with D. FERDINAND Prince of Arragon
Castille his second wife mother to D. Sancha Vicontesse of Bearn and then wife to D. Pedro de Molina of which second marriage came Americ Vicont of Naborna for D. Pedro his father was sonne to Ermisenda Vicountesse of Naborna XX. D. SANCHO 7 of that name called the wife sonne to D. Garcia Ramires in the yere 1150 he raigned 46 yeres D. BEACIA or BEATRIX or as some say D. Sancha daughter to D. Alfonso Raymond king of Castille and Leon his wife by whom he had Children D. Sancho King of Nauarrâ— D. Ferdinand D. Ramir Bishop of Pampelone D. Berenguela Queene of England D. Thersa or Constance D. Blanche Countesse of Champaigne and Brie XXI D. SANCHO 8 of that name called the strong sonne to Sancho 7 in the yere 1194 he raigned 40 yeres D. CLEMENCE daughter to Raymond 4 Earle of Tolousa his wife D. Ferdinand who died before the father Of a Concubine whose name is vnknowne this king had William a bastard By the death of the king the Crowne of Nauarre past into the house of Champaigne D. Blanche his sister wife to Cont Thibaud remayning sole of the race hauing issue XXII D. THIBAVD 1 of that name sonne to D. Blanche of Nauarre succeeded his vncle D. Sancho 8 in the yere 1234 and raigned 19 yeres His first wife was of Metz. The 2 was daughter to Guichard Earle of Beausieu and had D. Blanche Duchesse of Britaine The third wife was daughter to Archembaud Earle of Foix named Marguerite mother to Children D. Thibaud D. Henry D. Leonora D. Pedro. XXIII D. THIBAVD second of that name sonne to the first in the yeâ—r 1253 he raigned 18 yeres D. ISABELL of France daughter to S. Lewis by whom he had not any children D. Marquise Lope de Rada â— Concubine brought him D. Marquise a bastard who was wife to Pedro Fernandes of Ixar base sonne to D. Iames the first King of Arragon XXIIII D. HENRY brother to Thibaud the second in the yeare 1271 he raigned three yeres the first of that name D. IOANE daughter to Robert Earle of Artois Children D. Thibaud died an infant D. Ioane Queene By a Concubine of the house of Lacarra he had D. Henry bastard Marshall of Nauarre XXV D. IOANE sole daughter to D. Henry the first married to Philip the faire king of France and raigned in Nauarre in the yere 1274 the space of 31 yeres of which mariage issued Children D. Lewis Hutin D. Philip the long D. Charles the faire D. Ioane D. Isabell Queene of England XXVI D. LEVVIS HVTIN King of France and Nauarre first of that name in the yere 1305 he raigned 10 yeres in Nauarre D. MARGVERITE daughter to Robert of Burgundie D. Ioane of Nauarre His second wife was Clemence daughter to the King of Hungarie D. Iohn an after-birth who liued but eight dayes XXVII D. PHILIP the long king of France and Nauarre second of that name in the yere 1315 he raigned fiue yeres D. IOANE daughter to Othelin Earle of Burgundie Children D. Ioane Duchesse of Burgundie D. Marguerite Countesse of Nemours D. Marie wife to the Daulphin Himbert D. Blanche a religious woman XXVIII D. CHARLES the faire first of that name king of Nauarre and France in the yere 1320 he raigned about eight yeres D. BLANCHE daughter to Othelin Earle of Burgundie his first wife D. MARIE of Luxembourg his second wife mother to D. Blanche Duchesse of Orleans A sonne which died in his infancie D. IOANE daughter to Lewis Earle of Eureux by whom some say D. Blanche was borne XXIX D. IOANE daughter to King Lewis Hutin heire of Nauarre in the yere 1328 she raigned with her husband 21 yeres D. PHILIP Earle of Eureux husband to D. Ioane the third of that name among the kings of Nauarre of which marriage descended Children D. Charles king D. Philip Earle of Longueuille D. Lewis Earle of Beaumont This D. Lewis married the heire of the house of Beaumont le Roger in Normandie and were the stemme of the Earles of Lerin D. Ioane Countesse of Rohan D. Marie Queene of Arragon D. Blanche Queene of France D. Agnes Countesse of Foix. XXX D. CHARLES second of that name sonne to D. Philip the third in the yeare 1349 he raigned in Nauarre 37 yeares and was surnamed the bad D. IOANE of France daughter to king Iohn his wife of which marriage descended these following Lawfull children D. Charles King D. Philip died yong D. Pedro Earle of Mortaing from whom descended D. Pedro of Peralta Constable of Nauarre the stemme of the Marquesse of Falses D. Blanche D. Ioane Duchesse of Britaine and Queene of England D. Marie Countesse of Denia it is doubtfull whether she were daughter to this Queene D. Leon or Lionell a bastard the beginning of the Marquesse of Cortes Marshals of Nauarre XXXI D. CHARLES third of that name sonne to Charles the second in the yeare 1386 he raigned 39 yeares D. LEONORA of Castille his wife Children D. Ioane Countesse of Foix. D. Marie D. Blanche Queene of Sicile and Nauarre D. Beatrix Countesse of Marche D. Isabell. D. Charles D. Lewis By a Concubine whose name is vnknowne Bastards D. Godefray Earle of Cortes D. Ioane maried to D. Inigod Ortis of Estuniga XXXII D. BLANCHE daughter to D. Charles the third had to her second husband D. Iohn of Arragon and began to raigne in the yere 1425 and lasted 17 yeres then after her decease D. IOHN who was king of Arragon and Sicile continued his raigne vnto the yere 1479 who had by D. Blanche Children D. Charles D. Blanche Queene of Castille D. Leonora Countesse of Foix and afterwards Queene of Nauarre This King Iohn had a second wife and other issue which is set downe in the Line of Arragon XXXIII D. LEONORA Countesse of Foix wife to Gaston the fourth came to the Crowne of Nauarre suruiuing her brother and sister in the yere 1479 and died the same yere D. GASTON Earle of Foix called Prince of Viana husband to D. Leonora by who he had Children D. Gaston of whom and of Marguerite of France descended D. Iohn Vicount of Narbona D. Pedro Cardinall D. Iames. D. Marie Marquesse of Montferrat D. Ioane Countesse of Armaignac D. Marguerite Duchesse of Britanie D. Katherine Countesse of Candalle D. Leonora died a maid Francis and Katherine XXXIIII D. FRANCIS sonne to Gaston surnamed Phebus and grandchild to D. Leonora his father being dead before her decease he succeeded her in the realme of Nauarre in the yere 1479 and raigned foure yeares he died without any children XXXV D. KATHERINE sister to Francis Phebus raigned after her brother in the yeare 1483 she married with D. IOHN of Albret of which marriage issued Children D. Iohn D. Andrew D. Henry king of Nauarre D. Charles or rather Francis who died at Naples in Monsieur de Lautrecs voyage D. Katherine D. Anne D. Quiterie D. Magdelaine D. Isabell. And fiue other children which died young During the time and raigne of these Kings D.
and did no more acknowledge the Miralmumins of Afrike Abderrahamen 1. yeare 757 Hizen his sonne 787 Haliathan sonne to Hizen 794 Abderrahamen 2. 819 Mahumet 839 Almundir 874 Abdalla 876 Abderrahamen Almansor 3. 889 Hali Hatan 2. 939 Aizen 2. 956 Zuleima 989 Mahumet 3. 993 Hali. 1001 Cacin 1003 Hiaia 1007 Abderrahamen 1007 Mahumet 4. 1007 Hizen 3. 1009 Ioar 1011 Mahumet 5. 1014 After these there were great alterations and changes among the Moores in Spaine sometimes free sometimes vnder the kings of Maroc and Fez in the end the realme of Granado was erected the which continued aboue two hundred and fiftie yeares vnder the kings which follow GRANADO Mahumet Aben Alhamar 1236 Mahumet Mir Almus his sonne 1272 Mahumet Aben Alhamar Aben Azar 1302 Mahumet Azar Aben Leuin 1309 Ismael 2319 Mahumet Sonne to Ismaell 1322 Ioseph Aben Amet. 1334 Mahumet Lagus 1354 Mahumet the Vermeil raigned two yeres but Mahumet whom he had expelled returned Mahumet Guadix 1379 Ioseph his Sonne 1392 Mahumet Aben Balua 1396 Ioseph 1407 Mahumet Aben Azar 1423 Mahumet the little 1427 Ioseph Aben Almao 1432 Mahumet Aben Ozmen 1445 Ismael 1453 Muley Alboacen 1462 Mahumet Boabdelin the little 1482 Muley Boabdelin 1485 This king being expelled from Granado by Mahumet aboue named retained Malaga Basa Almerie Guadix and some other places which were taken from them by the kings D. Ferdinand and D. Isabell some by force some by composition Boabdelin remaining sole king of Granado whereof he was dispossest by the same kings The Titles and families of all the Dukes Marquesses and Earles of Spaine THe duke of Lerma and of Cea They are called Grandes to whome the king giues leaue to stand couered before him All dukes be Grandes Marquesse of Denia and Villamisar Earle of Ampudia of the Councel of state cup-bearer to king Philip 3. and master of his horse commander Maior of Castille captain general of the horse of Spain and of the holy church of Toledo Adelantado or Lord President of Casorla the head of the house of Roias and Sandoual he holds his estate in Castille the old and his house in Vailledolit and in Denia 2 The duke of Frias Marques of Berlanga earle of Haro Lord of the house of the seuen Infants of Lara Constable of Castille Iustice Maior and high Chamberlain he is the chiefe of the Velascos his house is in Burgos his estate in Castille the old in the mountains of Biscaie and the hils of Soria hee is of the Councel of State and President of the Councell of Italie he had a daughter which was married to the duke of Bragance 3 The duke of Medina of Riosecco Marques of Modica earle of Melgar Vicont of Esterlin Admiral of Castille head of the Enriques he holds in house in Vailledolit and his estate in the Prouince of Campos Catalonia and Sicilia 4 The duke of Alua and Guesca marques of Coria Earle of Saluatieria VicoÌ„t of Saldicâ—s lord of Valde Comeia the chiefe of the familie of the Toledos he holds his house in Salamanca and his estate in Castille the old towards Portugal and the realm of Granado he is Constable of Nauarre and a knight of the order of the Golden fleece 5 The duke of Infantado Marques of Cenete and Santillana earle of Saldanes Lord of the royaltie of Mansanares and head of the Mendosas he hath his house in the citie of Guadalajara and his estate in the kingdome of Toledo and in the moâ—ntaines of Castille the old and in the Prouince of Alaua he is of the Councell of State 6 The duke of Medina Celi Marques of Cogolludo Earle of Port SaÌ„cta Maria chief of the familie of Los Cerdas his house is in Medina Celi and his estate in the Realm of Toledo Seuille he is of the bloud Royall of Castille 7 The duke of Medina Sidonia Marques of S. Lucar of Barameda Earle of Niebta head of the family of Guzmans he holds his house in Seuille and S. Lucar and his estate in the country of Seuille 8 The duke of Escalona Marques of Moya earle of Esteuan hee hath his house in the citie of Toledo and his estate in the realmes of Murcia and in la Mancha he is chiefe of the Pachecos he was married vnto the sister of the duke of Bragance 9 The duke of Oâ—una Marques of Pegnafiel earle of Vrena head of the familie of Girones he hath his house in Pegnafiel and his estate in the realm of Seuille and in Castille 10 The duke of Bejar Marques of Gibraleon earle of Benalcacar head of the Zunigas and of the familie of Soto Maior he holds his house in Seuille and his estate in the realme of Seuille and in Castille the old he is of the bloud royall 11 The duke of Albuquerque Marques of Biedma Cuellar earle of Ledesina head of the familie of the Cueuas he hath his house in Cuellar his estate in Estremadura and in Castille the old 12 The duke of Alcala de los Gasules Marques of Tarisa earle of Hornos and Villamartin chiefe President of Andalusia he is of the familie of the Enriques and Riberas hee hath his house in the citie of Seuille and his estate in Andalusia hee hath married with a daughter of the Marques of Castell Rodrigo Verrey of Portugall 13 The duke of Sesa and Terranoua Earle of Cabra and Baena head of the Cordouas of Aguilar he holds his house in Cordoua and Granado and his estate in the kingdome of Naples in the realme of Cordoua he is of the Councel of state and chiefe steward to the Queene 14 The duke of Najara earle of Treuigno Valencia of D. Iohn hee is head of the familie of the Manriques de Lara he hath his house at Najara and his estate in the Prouince of Rioje and in the realme of Leon. 15 The Duke of Maqueda Marques of Elche head of the Cardenas hee hath his house in Toledo and his estate in the realm of Seuille 16 The duke of Feria Marques of Safra head of the familie of the Figeroas he hath his estate in Estremadura and his house in Safra 17 The duke of Arcos Marques of Lara earle of Marchena head of the house of Pances hee hath his estate in Andalusia and house in Seuille 18 The duke of Gandia marques of Laiba head of the family of the Borâ—as hee hath his estate and house in the Realme of Valencia 19 The duke of Sogorue and Cordoua marques of Comares lord of Lucena of the bloud royall of Arragon and of la Cerde hee hath his house in the citie of Valencia and the Duchie of Sogorue in the realme of Valencia and that of Cordoua in Cattelonia and his greatest estate in the realme of Cordoua 20 The duke of Soma earle of Panamos admiral of Naples his of the family of the Cardonas he hath he is house at Belpuche and his estate in the Realme of Naples 21 The duke of Villahermosa
Lieutenants gouerning Spaine 117 Earle of Cattelonia murthered 189 Earles and Gouernors of Castile murthered 195 Earle of Castile detained prisoner in Leon. 207 Earle of Barcelona slaine by the Moores 219 Earle of Attois sent into Nauarre to punish the rebels of Pampelona 405 Earle of Oren the Queene of Portugals mignon slaine 603 Earle of Gijon seizeth vpon Ouiedo 648 Earldome of Roussillon cause of warre betwixt France and Arragon 839 Earle Cifuentes defeated by the Portugals 853 Earledome of Rouffillon restored to Fernand. 949 Earldomes erected in Portugal by king Manuel 958 Earthquake in Spaine 874 Earle of Egmont sent into Spaine 1119 Ebora made an Archbishoprike 1002 Edict to raze townes standing in the mountaines 121 Edict to ruine the christian churches 123 Edict made by Hali Hatan against the christians most cruell 211 Edict against Commanders of places that should resist the king 497 Edict against the Iewes 946 Edict against the Geneuois traffiking into Spaine 938 Edict against the Moores 1127 Effects of immoderate choller 886 Eglise yeelded to the Arragonois 467 Elephants held to be common enemies 95 Election of the Pope giuen to the Cardinals at Rome 239 Election of Pedro de Luna to be Pope 649 Election of worthy men to mannage great affaires 658 Election preposterously made 725 Election of the Master of Saint Iames in the kings power 886 Election of Pope Piâ—s the fifth 1125 Emulation for honor 55 Emerita now Merida built by the Barbarians 117 Emerald of inestimable price 295 Emperour Maximilian and king Fernand reconciled 895 End of reading of histories 2 End of Decian the persecutor 123 End of Tirants miserable 124 End of Count Ialiun his wife and children very miserable 155 End of the Vandales reigne in Affrike 138 Entry of the Moores into Gaule 172 Enuy and iealousie passions in great men 195 Enterview of the kings of Castile Arragon and Nauarre 387 Enuy and treachery among the Moores 224 Enterview of the kings of Castile Arragon and Portugal 446 Enterview of the kings of Nauar and Castile 540 Enterprises of king Charles of Nauarre detestable 605 Enterview of the Emperor Sigismond and the king of Arragon 678 Enterview of Lewis the 11. and the king of Castile 773 Enterprise of the Master of Saint Iames. 835 Enterview of the king of Castile and the Princesse Isabel his sister 837 Enterview of the kings of Castile and Portugal at Guadalupa 778 Enterview of D. Iohn king of Arragon and D. Fernand his sonne 869 Enterview of Queene Isabel and the Duchesse of Viseo touching a peace 874 End of the Arabians Monarchy in Spaine 941 Enterprises vpon the Africains Moores 956 Enterview of the kings of France and Arragon 882 Enterpise of Oran by Cardinal Ximenes 891 Enterprise of K Fernand against the French K. 919 Enterprises of King Charles and his mother vnnecessary 957 Enterview betwixt Elenor the Emperors sister and D. Maria of Portugal her daughter 1077 Enterview betwixt the French king and the Queene of Spaine his sister 1123 Enterview of the Pope Emp. French king 1000 Enemies to the Prince of Spaine 1130 Englishmens goods arrested in Spaine 1137 Enterprise vpon Tunes 1173 Entry of king Philip into Lisbone 1220 Equity of Hercules the Egiptian 5 Equity of the king and Queene of Castile 913 Error of Osius 125 Estates without armes are lame 154 Estates of Arragon make warre peace and leagues 363 Estates of Monson for the warre of Valencia 368 Estate of Castile miserable 449 Estates of Arragon where the right of representation was put in pactise 480 Estate of Sardynia 514 Estates in Arragon 618. they require reformation of the kings house 620 Estates at Burgos for a peace 633 Estates at Toro and their remonstrances 689 Estates of Nauarre at Tafalla 883 Estates of Arragon sweare to Prince Iohn 889 Estate of Ioane Queene of Castile mother to the Emperor Charles 935 Estate of Lisbone vnder D. Antonio 1213 Estates of Portugal held at Tamar 1219 Eustace of Bellemarch Gouernor of Nauarre 404 Excesse seemes light in a confusion of State 69 Exploits of Fuluius Nobilior 89 Exploits of Quintus Fab. Maximus 100 Execution of Spanish prisoners ibid. Exploits of Brutus the Consul 104 Execution vpon rebels 107 Exploits in Spaine by Ca. Iul. Caesar. 112 Exploits of Henry or Euric king of Gothes 136 Exploits of Leonigilde the Gothe 141 Exploits of the Arabians in Spaine 167 Example of Coniugal loue most rare 207 Exploits and conquests of D. Sancho Earle of Castile 219 Extremadura and where it lies 233 Exploits of D. Fernand king of Castile against the Moores 237 Exploits of Cid Ruis Dias in Andalusia 247 Excesse of Cid Ruis Dias and his banishment out of Castile ibid. Expedition to the holy warre in Siria 262 Expedition against the Mahometists 271 Exercise of Bishops in that age 277 Exploits of D. Alphonso the 8. against the Moores 278 Expiations for the sinnes and vsurpations of D. Alphonso king of Castile 283 Exploits of D. Sancho of Portugall against the Moores 322 Exploits of Christians against the Moores 340 Exploits of the king of Castile 346 Expedition of Moores into Spaine 507 Exploits of the king of Castile and Arragon 546 Expedition of D. Henry against his brother the king of Castile 565. his second entry into Spaine 573 Exploits of the Castillians in Nauarre 594 Exploits of the new King of Portugall 608 Exactions vpon the Clergy 629 Excuses of the Queene of Nauarre 623 Exactions cause of tumults in Guipuscoa 634 Exploits of war betwixt the Castilans and Moores 670 Exploits of the King of Arragon in Castile 695 Exploits of the Moores in Andalusia 735 Exploits of warre betwixt Nauarre Castile 787 Expedition into Affricke against Tanger 777 Execution at Seuile 659 Exploits of the Earle of Lenn in Nauarre 879 Executions of the inquisition in Spaine 885 Exploits of Gonsalo Hernandes of Cordoua surnamed the great Captaine 954 Excuses of the Catholike King for not maintayning a peace with France 873 Exploits of Pedro Nauarre at Arzilla 887 Extremities of the Spaniard at the Indies 891 Exploits of Gaston of Foix 901 Exploits of Vasco Nugno of Bilbao at the Indies 906 Exploits of King Manuell in Affrick 922 Exactions of Pope Leo hindred by Cardinal Ximines 946 Excesse comitted by the Duke of Infantasgo 947 Exploits of the Spanish army in Bearne 973 Excesse of Bouguillo Prouost of the Court 961 Extortions of the E. vpon the Germaines 1035 Excesse of a disordered soldiar 1143 Exploits of the Marquis of Velez ibid. F FActions in the senate of Carthage 36 Fable of Scipios birth 55 Facility and courtesie of Gracchus to the Barbarians 91 Fable of Goliena 220 Family of Toledo in Castile 252 Family of Haro Lords of Biscay 291 Family of Aualos 315 Factions in Castile 351 Factions in Germany for the Empire 389 Family of Henriques in Nauarre Lords of Ablitar 401 Family of Beaumont in Nauarre 478 Family of Pacheco in Castile 550 Farfanes Christian Affricains 625 Family of Aualos