husband hee was so indiscreet as to tell the Queene thereof aduertising the Queene of the Earles smal respect vnto her and of his impudency whereof she who wished him well did not seeme to care wherefore D. Gonçal doubted that this was the cause of his imprisonment and that the Queene would dispatch him before the King should be aduertised thereof Being thus imprisoned the Queene did counterfet letters from the King vnto Vasco Martines of Merlo captaine of the castle of Ebora by the which he was commanded to murther these two personages but being a discreet man and considering the quality of the prisoners thinking that he must not proceed so lightly to the execution thereof hee forbaâ—e vntill he had spoken with the King to whom he went the day after this charge to know if it were his pleasure that the maister of Auiz and Gonçal Vasques should bee put to death The King answered that he knew not of it commanding him not to touch them and so he sent him backe enioyning him to kepe it secret and soone after he went from Ebora whereas the Queene remained who seeing that her deseignes did not succeed she tooke a milder course and sought to bee reconciled to these two personages who were freed from their irons and within few daies after set at liberty Some time after the Queene being at masse she caused them to come vnto her shewing them the best countenance they could desire and inuited them to dinner the which they did vnwillingly accept fearing she would cause them to be poisoned Impudency of the Queene D. Leonora yet they did eate in the Queenes lodging in the company of the Earle of Oren to whom after dinner discoursing of her rings and iewels she gaue in their presence a Ring set with a rich ruby pressing him to take it although he excused himselfe to the end she might not forget any thing to be held very impudent Amidest these tumults D. Isabella the Kings bastard daughter who had beene made sure by the last treaty of peace to D. Alphonso of Castile Earle of Gijon base sonne to King Henry was married at Burgos whereat the Earle was much greeued an vnfortunat marriage of which there was one sonne borne who was called D. Henry But the marriage which was made betwixt D. Beatrix sister to the King D. Fernand and D. Sancho Earle of Albuquerque was blessed of God so as a daughter which they had called D. Leonora the sole heire of her fathers great Estates was married to D. Fernand Infant of Castile Lord of Lara and Duke of Pennafiel sonne to the King D. Iohn the first then raigning which D. Fernand came afterwards to be King of Arragon and Sicile Shee was Queene of these realmes and mother of fiue children renowned by the Histories of Castile and Arragon of whom we shall heereafter make mention This King Fernand of Portugal being in good peace with his neighbours considering what had happened in the city of Lisbone Buâ—ldings made by D. Fernand King of Portugal in the last warre of Castile for want of good walles he caused it to be fortified and walled about from Saint Catherins gate vnto Saint Vincents And as hee was carefull of this publike worke so hee did gratefie the Franciscan Friars of Saint Iren causing the quier of their church to be built with other workes of deuotion This is all we finde in Histories of the affaires of Portugall vnto the yeere of our Lord 1380. An. 1380. that the aboue mentioned marriage betwixt Don Henry sonne to King Iohn the first of Castile and Donna Beatrix the daughter of Portugal was concluded with the aboue named conditions for the succession of the two Realmes by the suruiuance of the two Kings About the end of this yeere Castile Donna Leonora Queene of Castile was brought in bed at Medina del Campo of her sonne D. Fernand aboue named who came to be King of Arragon as we will shew At that time Spaine was a Neuter in regard of the obedience which the two Popes pretended The King of Castile acknowledgeth the Pope at Auignon and did affect in the Christian common weale continuing some time in this Neutrality by reason of the disagreement of the Prelats who were assembled for that cause onely at the instance of the Ambassadors of the two Popes Clement and Vibain but soone after it was declared by a sentence giuen by the King of Castile and his councell that his countries should acknowledge Clement the seuenth for Pope and Christs Vicar he being resident at Auignon the King D. Iohn inclyning therein as in other things to the French The deuotion of men in Spaine and other places in those daies was contrarie to that of more ancient times for whereas before they thought they could not giue sufficient to the Clergy to augment their houses and reuenues now euery one sought to spoile them and to vsurpe their lands and reuenues whereof the Abbots and Conuents of the Order of Saint Benet in Spaine hauing complained they had a notable sentence by Iudges deputed by the King for that businesse against many Noblemen and Knights which detained their goods yet they still incroched vpon them all they could In the yeere of our Lord 1381. died D. Ieanne Queene of Castile An. 1381. mother to the King D. Iohn who through great deuotion had in a manner all her life time carried the habit of Saint Claire and died in it and appointed she should be buried in it A great argument of the religion of that time She lies at Toledo in the Chappell of the last Kings The peace betwixt the Kings D. Iohn of Castile and D. Fernand of Portugal was broken Portugal by the bad councell of a Knight who had beene accustomed to bee often shut vp with the Queene of Portugall and was her fauorite hee was Earle of Oren. To giue some collour and beginning to this warre the King D. Fernand sent to Iohn Duke of Lancaster perswading him that as husband to D. Constance daughter to the deceased King D. Pedro of Castile and Leon Mignon of Queene Leonoras puts Castile and Portugal in war hee should pursue his right which hee pretended to those Realmes The English Prince relying vpon the fauour of Portugal with the consent and aide of King Richard his Nephew raised a thousand men at armes or Launces and a good number of foote whereof he gaue the charge to his brother Edmond of Langley Earle of Cambridge who led them into Spaine for that the Duke could not goe in person to this warre The English army arriued vpon the coast of Portugal whereas the warre was already violent for the King of Castile beeing aduertised of this practise had let his army into the country and taken the towne of Almoyda And at sea euen vpon the arriuall of the English army Fernand Sanches of Tour Admirall of Castile had taken twenty gallies of Portugal with their Admirall D.
Eylo or Zethon whom we had confined into Ouiedo in the beginning of the raigne of this Alphonso who being made earle or gouernour of Biscaie by the kings bountie would rebell as his brother had done Rebellion of the gouernor of Biscate forcing the king to send an armie against him by the which he was vanquished taken and led to Ouiedo where he ended his dayes in prison This Zeno left two daughters the one called Theude was maried according vnto some to D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre and the other D. Iniga to the infant D. Suria of whom we shall hereafter speake This was in the yeare 856. All this time and to the yeare 859 Moores Anno 859. there had beene a suspension of armes betwixt king D. Alphonso and the Moores but that yeare king Mahumet went to armes and came and besieged the towne of Coimbra belonging now to Portugal but D. Alphonso forced him to raise his siege and not content therewith entred into the Moores countrey wasted it and returned with great spoyles continuing euerie yeare to annoy them in such sort as they were constrained to accept of a truce for three yeares with the preiudice of their reputations and great disaduantage in their iurisdictions Then there raigned in Sarragosse a Moore called Aben Alfaie The rest of Mahumets raigne vnto his death was spent in voluptuous lust and idlenesse In his time there was a great earthquake in Spaine and a little before his death lightening entring into the Mosquee where he was slew two Noblemen Moores neere vnto him D. Garcia Inigues third of that name and seuenth King of Nauarre 37 About the yeare 867 Nauarre and Arragon vnited as some Authors write died D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre to whom succeeded D. Garcia Inigues his sonne the third of that name who vnited the countrey of Arragon to Nauarre by marying with D. Vrraca daughter to D. Fortun the last earle or of D. Endregot Galinde of the same house and familie of Arragon He had two sons by this Ladie D. Fortun and D. Sancho Abarca and one daughter called D. Sanctiua or Sancha They write this fable of D. Sancho That the king going inconsiderately with his queene through the mountaines of Nauarre he was surprised by certaine Moores and slaine and the queene ouerthrowne being thrust into the bellie with a Moores launce at such time as she was great with this D. Sancho Some houres after a knight whom they called D. Sancho of Gueuara passing that way met with this pitifull spectacle and saw that the child had thrust forth a hand by the mothers wound and had laboured to come forth there wherefore this knight lighting from his horse made the wound greater so as he drew forth this infant aliue without any harme then he carried it to his house with good witnesses where he caused it to be nourished according to his degree vntill he grew great and then he presented him to the Estates of the realme and made him be acknowledged for their lawfull king But as we say it is like to be a fable and hath no great authoritie yet they say that the surname of Ladron which is peculiar to the house of Gueuara came for that this knight did secretly nourish the infant D. Sancho D. Sanctiua the daughter was maried to king Ordogno the second sonne to Alphonso the great 38 They hold opinion Biscaie That the lords of Biscaie had their beginning at this time in D. Suria whose posteritie was famous for many yeares for after that D. Zeno had beene vanquished and led prisoner as we haue said the Biscaines seeing themselues without a head fell to mutinies and seditions Thither was sent D. Ordogno sonne to king D. Alphonso whom they called Earle of Asturies who began to ouerrun and spoyle the countrey The townes and comminalties assembled to make head against him chusing D. Suria for their captaine who was descended from the bloud royall of Scotland by his mother and had maried a daughter of Cont Zenos called D. Iniga but at that time deceased The forces of either part came to fight in a place called then Padura The battell was sharpe and cruell and for that the whole countrey did swim with bloud the place was from that time called Arrigoriaga which in the countrey language signifies a vermilion stone The Biscaines with the aid and by the valour of D. Sancho Estiguis Lord of Durando who ended his dayes in this battell won it which was in the yeare 870. After this victorie the Biscaines chose D. Suria for their Lord as well for that he was sonne in law to their last Earle and gouernour Zeno by his daughter notwithstanding we doe not read that he had any children as for the valour and good conduct they had seene in him in this warre This D. Suria did presently after marie the daughter of D. Sancho Estiguis in whose right he got the Seigniorie of Durando which was vnited vnto Biscaie whose posteritie did enjoy those lands vntill the time of D. Henrie the second of that name king of Castille and Leon. The linage of D. Suria was called de Haro Castille the old had also an Earle called D. Diego Porcello 39 Mahumet Miralmumin of Cordoua Moores Anno 874. hauing liued some time in peace by reason of the last truce made with the Christians died in the yeare 874 leauing 54 children by his wiues whereof 34 were males and 20 females He had held the kingdome 35 yeares and his death was in the 257 yeare of the Arabians raigne Almundir sixt king of the Moores at Cordoua His sonne Almundir succeeded him who liue but two yeares hauing done nothing worthie of memorie against whom they of Cordoua rebelled notwithstanding that he offered to free them of the tenth part of their tribute which they paid He left six sonnes and seuen daughters Such was the estate of Spaine in the time of king D. Alphonso who had to wife a Ladie of the bloud royall of France called Ameline Ouiedo but they changed her name to D. Ximena by whom he had foure sonnes D. Garcia D. Ordogno D. Fruela who raigned and D. Gonsalo the Archdeacon This king in his later dayes gaue himselfe wholly to workes of pietie building of churches and monasteries indowing them with rents and great reuenewes and adorning them with iewels vessels of gold and siluer and precious ornaments according to the ceremonies brought in and maintained in the Church In the yeare 877 the church of S. Iaques was consecrated at the instance of this king and by the authoritie of Pope Iohn the eighth where many Bishops were present And it is to be noted that in those dayes the citie of Ouiedo was full of Bishops without any flockes for they did chuse Bishops of townes that were in the Moores possession keeping an account of their succssion Ouiedo the towne of Bishops all which did liue in Ouiedo and therfore it was called the
the citie of a contrarie humor to Almondir but the Moores of Cordoua not thinking themselues secure he being so neere them and being resolued not to endure any more kings of the linage of Aben Humeya they besieged him in this house tooke him and imprisoned him in Cordoua from whence he escaped and fled to Sarragosse where he liued in a priuate estate Then a Moore of great power called Ioar of Algazur seeing the citie without a king Ioar 19 king at Cordoua embracing this occasion with the helpe of his friends which did affect him tooke vpon him the title and royall authoritie at Cordoua but on the other side one Hali Cacin or Aben Cacin Hali Cacin ruling at Seuile residing at Seuile a man of a great house and mightie seized vpon the towne of Seuile where he did remaine with the Moores of his faction and enjoyed the soueraigntie fifteene yeares yet taking no other title vpon him but as Iudge and Gouernour but he prepared the way for his successours to make it a royall seat Ioar raigned but two yeares and Mahumet his sonne succeeded him Mahumet the 20 and last king at Cordoua being the twentieth and last king of the Moores at Cordoua and in whom the majestie of the Miralmumins of Spaine which had beene great was extinct from the which grew so many pettie kings as there was scarce any good towne in Spaine but had a particular king which made strict alliances among themselues for the preseruation of their estates and maintained themselues vntill the comming of the Almorauides Moores which came out of Africke as we will shew This king Mahumet desiring rather to hold that little of the estate of Cordoua which remained than to seeke after that which was drawne away enjoyed it in peace thirteene yeares the which fell out according to the common opinion about the yeare 1027 and of the Arabians 415 So as the royall seat of the Miralmumins of Spaine accounting from Abderramen the first who did begin it had continued in the citie of Cordoua 269 yeares The Moores affaires in Spaine being in this confusion the Christians neglected this fit opportunitie to recouer all Spaine and to root out the sect of Mahumet but they had their infirmities in like manner D. Sancho king of Nauarre made some attempts but as it seemes ill pursued being not mentioned in the Histories D. Alphonso king of Leon Leon. made an enterprise against them that gouerned in Lusitania and beseeged the towne of Viseo but as he went inconsiderately about it to view the place being vnarmed hee was shot with an arrow from the towne whereof hee died soone after this was in the yeare 1006 An. 1006. as the Spanish Histories report But the letters and titles of Chapters and Couents say he liued vnto the yeare 1028. A little before his death he had receiued into his countrey the children of D. Bela of Nagera a knight who as we haue said had beene chased out of Castille by the Earle D. Fernand Gonsales which were D. Roderigo D. Diego and D. Inigo Bela who would neuer be reconciled vnto D. Sancho Earle of Castille their Lord wherefore hauing liued a wandring and vagabond life for a time among the Moores and elsewhere in the end they came into Leon whereas the king D. Alphonso receiued them honoured them and gaue them lands and reuenues in the quarter of Somocas This Prince was carefull to administer justice to his subjects D. Alphonso 5 king of Leon a louer of iustice and therefore did reuiew and restore the ancient lawes of the Gothes and did correct and moderat them with new decrees fit for the time and all by the aduise of the generall estates assembled at Ouiedo in the yeare 1003. He repaired the ruines of the Citie of Leon and there built a Church to Saint Iohn Baptist whither he caused the body of D. Bermond his father and many others to be brought and there interred In his time liued Athilan Bishop of Leon and Florian a great Preacher in Gallicia both held for Saints in Spaine They write that Florian meaning to trie if his Sermons were pleasing to God put burning coales into his mouth and had no harme As for D. Sancho fourth king of Nauarre Nauarre he was surnamed the Great chiefly for his great dominions D. Sancho Emperor of Spaine and for his great exploits both in peace and warre by reason whereof he intitled himselfe king of Spaine the which the Gothes with all their greatnesse and power durst not doe He married D. Nugna eldest daughter to D. Sancho Garcia Earle of Castille yet the Histories of Arragon call her otherwise say the king had a former wife which was D. Caya Ladie of Ayuar the which was rather a concubine than a lawfull wife of whom D. Ramir Genealogie of Nauarre first king of Arragon was borne By this Ladie D. Nugna he did inherit the Earledome of Castille and by her had D. Garcia king of Nauarre after him D. Fernand first king of Castille and D. Gonsalo king of Sobrarbre and Ribagorsa He was either in person or sent to all the warres betwixt the Christians and the Moores whose estate was much shaken in his time by reason of the diuisions of that mutinous nation and this king was more fortunate abroad than in his owne house The Histories which treat of his deedes say That being absent in some warre against the Moores his sonne D. Garcia demanded a goodly horse of his mother out of the kings stable the which he loued aboue all the rest and had straitly commanded his wife not to suffer any one to ride him yet shee desiring to please her eldest sonne graunted him but being afterwards dissuaded by a knight called Pedro de Sese or as some write Fernand of Ordognana master of the kings horse shee would haue auoided it considering the charge the king had giuen her whereat D. Garcia being too much incensed for a matter of no moment began to imagine that there was some dishonest familiaritie betwixt this Master of the Horse and his mother whither that he belieued it or did maliciously inuent it forgetting God and all filiall respect Notable treason of a sonne against his mother he resolued to accuse them of adulterie and hauing conferred this designe with his brother D. Fernand who was of a better disposition he would haue forced him to serue as a witnesse or assistant in this wickednesse the which he refused and did often dissuade D. Garcia from so vile an enterprise but it was in vaine In the end D. Fernands youth was vanquished by the importunitie or rather feare of his elder brother promising not to reueale the fraud and lye which he had discouered vnto him The king being returned to his castle of Nagera Queene of cpan of Adulterâ—e this peruerse sonne D. Garcia failed not to accuse his mother whereat the king was wonderfully amazed for that he had
haue sayd by the treason of Vellides Dolphos or Ataulphe D. Vrraca did presently aduertise her brother D. Alphonso who remained at Toledo vnder the protection of King Almenon This Moore hauing many spies amongst the Christians had already intelligence of the murther and obseruing the actions of D. Alphonso hee was resolued to stay him if hee should offer to depart without his priuity and leaue D. Alphonso was wonderfully perswaded by D. Pedro d' Ansures who walking about the towne had by chance met the messenger which brought him the newes of the death of the King his brother to depart as secretly as he could fearing some trechery in the Moorish King but D. Alphonso did otherwise wherein he wrought wisely for himselfe for the doubted that the King Almenon hauing aduice of what had past did watch him at the passage wherefore comming freely vnto him hee read D. Vrracas letters in his presence demanding his aduice leaue and aide to goe and take possession of the Realme of Castille King Almenon was much pleased in that hee did not distrust him imbrased him verie louingly Gâ—neros◠〈◊〉 and bâ—unt of King Alâ—enon to D. Alpâ—onso 6. King of Casâ—ilâ— and Leon. reioyced with him at the change of his estate suffered him to depart at his pleasure and furnished him with money and other things necessary to honour his voiage and to assure his affaires telling him freely what his intent was to stay him prisoner if hee had shewed himselfe so ingrate as to distrust him who had honored him and entertained him so louingly during his exile and before his departure hee caused him to renue the oth neuer to bee contrary to him nor to his sonne Hizen Whilest that D. Alphonso prepared himselfe to come into Castille to enioy his new Kingdome the siege of Zamora continued for the Knights of Castille and the Prelats hauing performed the funerals of the deceased King in the Monastery of Ogna were returned before the city vnder the conduct of D. Diego Ordognes Earle of Lara beeing much incenst that the murtherer of the King had saued himself within their walles wherefore they were resolued to batter it all they could They write that D. Diego Ordognes defied the citie according to the Lawes of duels or combats amongst the which it was decreed that any knight that would defie a chiefe â—owne The law of defying a towne was bound to fight against fiue knights one after an other changing euery time his armes and horse and taking if hee pleased bread dipped thrice in wine or water wherefore D. Diego submitting himselfe to the rigour of this Lawe offered to fight against fiue knights whereof hee slue three the which were sonnes to D. Arias Conçales Combat of one Knight against 〈◊〉 D. Pedro D. Diego and D. Roderigo Arias and that then the Iudges appointed made the combate to cease not declaring who was victor notwithstanding that the Earle D. Ordognes offered to end it and to fight against those two which remained some say that D. Roderigo beeing wounded to the death strooke at his aduersarie with all his force thinking to part him in two but the sword falling vpon the horse-necke cut the reines and hurt him verie soore wherewith the hoâ—se beeing mooued carried the knight out of the lists the which was not lawfull for him that would haue the honour of the combate Heerevpon the King D. Alphonso came to the campe before Zamora where hee was receiued without any contradiction for King of Castille Leon the Asturies and Galicia and of those Lands which the King D. Fernâ—nd his father had taken from the crowne of Nauarre They say that the Castillans before they would acknowledge him for their King would haue him purge himselfe by oth Anciâ—nt anâ— relgious 〈◊〉 to purge themselues by oâ—â— that hee was not acquainted nor consenting vnto the death of D. Sancho his brother which oth was required of him by Cid Ruis Diaz onely amongst all the Castillans in the churches of Saint Gadee of Burgos a place appointed for that businesse This manner of purging themselues by oth of grieuous crimes imposed but not prooued was vsuall in Spaine in those times with great ceremonies and religious terror in many churches and places consecrated where there were great assemblies of people of all sorts whereof did follow many horrible Iudgements of God of those that were periured the contempt of Religion how impure soeuer being detestable and abominable before God The King D. Alphonso was about thirtie yeeres old when he beganne to raigne and was surnamed the Braue for that he was valiant and did effect great enterprises Wee finde that hee married sixe wiues Geneaâ—ogâ—e of 〈◊〉 and Leon. and had the companie of two friends nobly descended by whom hee had many children The first of his wiues was called 〈◊〉 a Spaniard The second was D. Constance The third D. Maria daughter to the King of Seuille called Almuncamuz or Benabet Aben Amet a Moore whom hee married after that hee had taken the citie of Toledo and was before called Caida or Zaida of whom was borne the Infant D. Sancho whom the Moores slue in the war Of D. Constance was borne D. Vrraca heire to the King her father the which was twice married once to Count Raymond of the house of Bourgongne and of the bloud royall of France brother to Guy Archibishop of Vienne and afterwards Pope called Calâ—xtus from whom issued D. Sancho and D. Alphonso Raymond who was King of Castille And for her second husband shee married D. Alphonso King of Nauarre and Arragon The fourth wife of D. Alphonso the Braue was D. Bertha of Tuscane The fifth D. Isabella a Spaniard of whom was borne D. Sancha wife to D. Roderigo and D. Eluira maried to Roger first King of Naples and Sicilie And the sixth and last wife was D. Beatrix a French woman Besides all these lawfull wiues hee had the companie of D. Ximena Nugnes de Gusman by whom he had two daughters the first wherof D. Eluira was married to an Earle of Tholousa and S. Giles called Raymond who had by her three sonnes D. Bertrand D. Willyam and D. Alphonso Iordain who were all Earles of Tholousa Heury of Lorraine the stâ—m of the house of Portugâ—l The second called D. Theresa who had to husband D. Henry of the Bloud of the Princes of Lorraine borne at Besançon the stemme of the Kings of Portugall For of this marriage issued D. Alphonso Henriquez first king of Portugal These three Knights Raymond of Tholousa Raymond of Bourgongne and Henry of Lorraine did serue the King D. Alphonso the Braue happily and valiantly in his warres against the Moores in requitall whereof hee gaue them Estates honours and his daughters in marriage Wee find that he had another friend also of a Noble House whose name is buried in forgetfulnesse Of all this generation and allyance there shal be often mention made in the discourse of this Historie
his sword presently and gaue this poore Pedro Diaz a deadly wound and then fled the gard and other soldiars making shew to follow him towards the towne where hee was receiued and knowne by his old Master Lope d' Arenas who nothing suspecting Dominguillo was trecherously slaine by him the murtherer hauing meanes to slip downe the wall and to recouer the campe Vpon the Gouernors death the souldiars and inhabitants resolued to yeeld the towne of Surita vnto the King Dominguillo who was prowd of this execution demanded his reward of the King but the King by a memorable example of Iustice whosoeuer aduised him vsed an admirable proportion in this action for hee first caused his eyes to bee put out for the murther which he had committed hauing not made him acquainted therewith and then hee gaue him that which was needfull for his entertainement but hearing after that hee did glory too much in his treason hee caused him to bee slaine After this enterprise of Surita the King dismissed his souldiers who returned to their houses Howsoeuer D. Alphonso Henriques King of Portugal ended his quarrels with D. Fernand of Leon Portugal yet in the yeere of our Lord 1169. hee had confirmation of his royall titles from Pope Alexander to whom he sent his Bulles taking the King D. Alphonso Henriques his successours Realme and subiects into the protection of the church of Rome paying two markes of gold for an acknowledgment or rent the which the Archbishop of Braga did receiue yeerely for the church of Rome yet no man can say that this rent was euer paied and if D. Fernand married his daughter D. Vrraca by whom he had one sonne called D. Alphonso who succeeded him in his realmes of Leon and Galicia yet this affinity did not suppresse the troubles and lamentable factions which followed King D. Fernand by the aduise of banished Portugais caused the city of Rodrique to be fortified the which some hold to bee ancient Mirobrisa and there placed a good garrison the which did wonderfully annoy the Portugals that lay neere it built Ledesma neere to Salamanca which did much in domage that city as you shal heare this King tooke pleasure in building Places built by D. Fernand when hee was not prest with warre and therefore they say that Granada which is neere to Coria Valencâ—a in the Bishoprike of Quiedo Villalpando Mansilla Majorga in the Bishoprike of Leon and Castro in Toraphe in the Bishoprike of Zamora are his workes Hee was diuorced from Vrraca by reason of consanguinity and tooke to his second wife D. Theresa daughter to Nugno de Lara after whose death he had a third wife called D. Vrraca Lopes daughter to D. Lope Diaz Lord of Biscay By this last wife D. Fernand had D. Sancho and D. Garcia lawful heires to the realme of Leon Genealogy of Leon. for that they were by the Popes sentence borne in lawful wed-locke not D. Alphonso yet they raigned not neither did they leaue any heires 4 The house of Biscay was then in great esteeme The house of Biscay out of the which was issued the third wife of the King D. Fernand the order and continuance of which family is thus set downe by the Spanish writers They name for the best knowne stem of this house D. suria who by his mothers side was Nephew to the King of Scotland begotten by a knight of Biscay called D. Lope who obtained the Siegneury of Biscay in the yeere 870. Suria in the Cantabrian tongue signifies white He carried in his armories two wolues sables either of them with a Lambe in his mouth in a field Argent which were the ancient armes of Biscay he married to his second wife D. Dalda daughter and heire to D. Sancho Esteguis Ordognes Lord of Tauira of Durango by whom he had one sonne called D. Manso Lopes who was Lord of Biscay and of Tauira of Durango this D. Manso had by his first wife for hee was married thrice one sonne called D. Inigo Esguerra that is to say deafe in the Biscaine tongue who was the third Lord of Biscay Of him was borne D. Lope Diaz the fourth Lord of Biscaie who liued in the time of D. Fernand Conçales Earle of Castille D. Sancho Lopes was his sonne and the fifth Lord of Biscay who although hee had two sonnes D. Inigo and D. Garcia surnamed Sanches yet did neither of them succeed him in the Siegneurie of Biscay the reason was that the souldiars beeing in mutynie at their returne from a certaine warre in Cubijana of Morillas in the Prouince of Alaua as D. Sancho Lopes came amongst their drawne swords to paciâ—ie them he receiued a wound for an other and was slaine leauing these two verie little wherefore the Biscaines hauing neede of a Lord able to gouerne them they made choise of D. Inigo Esguerra the second of that name bastard brother to the deceased who was the sixth Lord of Biscay of him came D. Lope Diaz the second who ruled in Biscay And to make some recompence to the children of D. Sancho Lopes D. Inigo Sancho had Lodio giuen him for a portion and D. Garcia that of Orozco D. Lope Diaz the seuenth Lord of Biscay was father to D. Diego Lopes who succeeded him in the daies of King D. Alphonso the sixth This D. Diego was the eighth Lord of Biscay surnamed the white and being maried to a Lady of Arragon he begat one sonne called D. Lope Diaz who was afterwards the ninth Lord of Biscay the third of that name It is that D. Lope which was at the siege of Surita with King D. Alphonso called the Noble in whose raigne wee now are come and whole daughter D. Vrraca was married to Fernand the second King of Leon and Gallicia hee also hauing built vp the towne of Haro in Rioje surnamed himselfe of Haro and left it to his posterity He had of D. Mencia his wife one sonne called D. Diego Lopes de Haro heire of his fathers estates and an other daughter called D. Gaufreda who some say had beene Queene of Nauarre but it is doubtfull This D. Diego Lopes was the tenth Lord of Biscay and a very good Knight who had the honor to bee standard-bearer to the King of Castille and was at al the exploits of warre done by King D. Alphonso the ninth Hee had to wife D. Maria Diaz de Lara daughter to Cont Nugno of whom we haue made mention and she bare him D. Lopes Diaz de Haro who was the eleuenth Lord of Biscay His Image is to be seene kneeling in the quier of the great church of Toledo planted against a piller The succession of these Lords shall bee here-after set downe according to the time Returning to King D. Alphonso Castille after the taking of Surita hauing dismissed his souldiars he returned to Toledo where hee kept his court and assembled the Noblemen and knights his vassals where finding himselfe in free possession of all the
them free with the forts in the hands of the Estates to inuest them to whom by right it should belong 10 That if they infring any of these Articles or any part of them the subiects should be quit of their oth of subiection which they ought them These Articles being promised and sworne by the King and Queene they were sollemnly crowned and the Deputies of the Estates Noblemen and Officers of the crowne tooke their oth of obedience Coronation of Philip of Eueâ—euâ— in the Cathedral chruch of Pampelone And afterwards there were orders set downe by the King and Queene for the Gouernment of the Realme the which being written were sent into France and confirmed by King Philip of Valois at Paris the same yeere of our Lord 1329. After that time the French Kings had no command in Nauarre hauing held that realme eight and fifty yeeres vnited to the crowne of France yet King Philip of Valois retained of the inheritance of his cousin the Countesse of Bry and a while after hee gaue them other lands in exchange yet not of that value Philip and Ieanne King of Nauarre had these children following Genealogy of Nauarre Charles who succeded in the realme Philip Earle of Longueuille Lewis Earle of Beaumont le Royer and afterwards Duke of Duras Ieanne married to the vicont of Rohan Mary Queene of Arragon wife to D. Pedro the ceremonious Blanche Queene of France last wife to Philip of Valois and Agnes Countesse of Foix married to Gaston Phaebus some of which were borne before their Election and some after Lewis the third sonne of this marriage was Earle of Beaumont in Normandie for that he married the heire of that house by whom he had one sonne called Charles of Beaumont who married the daughter of the Vicont of Mauleon in Nauar Beginning of the house of Beaumont in Nauarre and was the first Standard-bearer of the realm through the fauour of King Charles his vncle Of this Charles of Beaumont is descended the house of Beaumont in Nauarre After the death of the Countesse of Beaumont Lewis married Ieanne daughter and heire to the Duke of Duras vpon the coast of Macedonia towards the Adriatike sea and was intitled Duke These things being done in Nauarre King Philip being aduertised that the French King marched with a mighty army against the Flemings rebelled who had chased away Lewis their Earle and committed many insolencies against the Kings Officers both in words and deeds he parted out of Nauarre beeing loath to faile him at need who had so kindly suffered him to take possession of the Realme leauing the Queene D. Ieanne to gouerne Nauarre He was present at the battaile which King Philip of Valois gaue the Flemings at Cassel whereas twenty thousand were slaine vpon the place by meanes whereof Count Lewis was restored to his Estate and the Flemings subdued This warre being ended the King of Nauarre returned into his realme It was then that the Infant D. Alphonso de la Cerde sonne to D. Fernand eldest sonne to King D. Alphonso of the Astrologuer being ill intreated in Castille Donation made by the Infant D Alphonso de la Cerde to the Kings of Nauarre where he pretended the crowne made a donation vnto the crowne of Nauarre of the rights which he pretended in Guipuscoa Alaua Rioja and other lands the which had in former times belonged to Nauarre and were vsurped and retained by the Kings of Castille Some affirme that this donation was made in the yere of our Lord 1330. But howsoeuer King Philip desirous to do Iustice to gouerne his Realm wel which had great need and therefore was necessary to entertaine peace with his neighbours made no great account thereof at that time but sent Ambassadors to D. Alphonso then raigning in Castile Ambassadors sent from Nauarre to Castille to seeke his friendship The Ambassadors found the King at Talauera la Reyna who entertained them well Their Ambassage was that the Realme hauing many yeeres wanted the Soueraigne Magistate and in a manner abandoned by their Kings it was no wonder if many things had happened contrarie to the ancient alliances betwixt the houses of Castille and Nauarre for what did the Viceroys and Gouernors care beeing strangers hauing no resemblance of manners nor other bond of friendship with the Spaniards how all things went so as they were obeyed in the country and that they might vaunt they had rather done wrong then receiued any keeping continuall garrisons of strangers ready to commit any insolencies whereof God had some times shewed his Iudgement euen in the last incounter neere vnto Beotibar where by an extraordinary and miraculous punishmen God had chastised the negligence of the foure last Kings which had held the realme of Nauarre who had respected it so little as they had scarce looked towards it yea the two last neuer came nere it which had made the bad to grow more insolent and so to continue vntill that the lawfull heires of the crowne of Nauarre were come to their possession by the decease of King Charles the Faire Philip Earle of Eureux husband to their true Queene D. Ieanne being called to raigne who had sent this Ambassage vnto him to let him vnderstand these things as a neighbour Prince and friend with whom they desired to entertaine peace and friendship by all good offices which Princes and neighbour Estates may receiue one from an other The King D. Alphonso hauing heard this Ambassage fitted vnto the deseignes of the new Kings of Nauarre moderating the things which had past betwixt these two realms before their Election answered that hee was glad the Nauarrois had had meanes to recouer them for their Kings to whom the crowne did by right belong and that for his part he desired to entertaine a perpetuall friendship with King Philip and Queene Ieanne and to shew it by the effects in any occasion that should be offered wherewith he would acquaint his subiects to the end their Kings vassals both Nauarrois and French should be well intreated in Castille and if any wrong were done them it should bee repaired and that they should aduertise their Kings on his behalfe to doe the like in thier countries The Ambassadors returning with this answere gaue great contentment to King Philip who to administer Iustice erected a new Court of Parliament in Nauarre the which was called New to distinguish it from the Old hee and the three Estates of the realme naming men worthy of that charge The like Ambassage was sent by him into Arragon and Portugal who were returned with pleasing answers Matters beeing thus setled in a better Estate then before Ambassadors from Nauarre to Arragon and Portugal the King and Queene returned into France leauing for Gouernor a French gentleman called Henry of Guliac or of Solibert but with a more lymited power then former Viceroys and Gouernors Such was the Estate of Nauarre vnto the yeere 1331. Let vs now returne
the Garrison was obstinat in the defence thereof and would not yeeld wherefore the king beeing called away for matters of greater consequence built certaine small forts about it and manned them with souldiers to hinder their going in the comming out and came to Logrogno and from thence to Algoncillo where hee surprized Don Iohn Alphonso de Haro Lord of that place one of the rebels whome he caused presently to be slayne and did confiscate his goods except los Cameros which he gaue vnto his brother then returning to Burgos he beseeged Herrera a place belonging to Don Iohn Nugnes who either wearie of the warre or distrusting the euent thereof hee made his peace with the king and returned to his seruice During this seege Queene Mary was brought in bed of a sonne at Burgos who was named Don Pedro heire of the kingdome The Writers of Arragon say that this Infant was supposed by Queene Mary being iealous that the king her husband did so loue D. Leonora of Guzman and that she brought him so many children The king hauing pacified the troubles towards Biscay he marched with his army towards D. Iohn Manuels country and beseeged Rojas Disloyalty of King D. Alphonso the which was defended by a Gentleman called Diego Gil in the name of D. Lope Diaz de Rojas vassall to Don Iohn Manuel This Diego Gil hauing made some resistance in the end yeelded vppon condition to haue their liues saued notwithstanding the king condemned him to death with some others for that he had resisted against the Standard royall And then there was an Edict made That all Gentlemen holding towns castels Edict against Captaines of places that did resist the king or houses of strength belonging to any Nobleman knight or other of the kings vassals the king comming thither in person they should be bound to receiue him without any imputation if not they should loose their liues which Decree was afterwards put in practise vppon the Gouernour of Iscar who lost his head for that hee had presumed to resist the king About the end of the yeare king Don Alphonso came to Atera a place neere to Calatajub where he found Donna Leonora his sister Queene of Arragon with whome hauing treated of certaine affaires he returned to Vailledolit where by the negotiation of certaine Mediators Accord betwixt the king of Castile and Don Iohn Manuel an accord was made betwixt him and Don Iohn Manuel and a peace throughout all the Realme which the Spanish Authors attribute to his seueritie against the Rebels when hee tooke them condemning most of them after their deaths about the same time Donna Leonora of Guzman was deliuered of a Sonne whome the King named Don Fernand for which cause there were generally great feasts and Ioy and at Court there was a stately tourney where on the one side the knights of the Band did runne among the which was the king in a disguised habit 15 The yeare following 1335. Nauarre there were some alterations towards Nauarre which Realme was gouerned by Henry of Solibert aboue-named beeing resident in the Castell of Olite with three thousand Livres of entertaynment the places of strength beeing put by the Estates into the hands of faithfull Knights The Castels of the riuer whereof Arnaud of Leet was Merin or Gouernour were held by these Captaines following At the castell of Cortes commanded Iohn de Soiçi At Herrera Pero Sanches of Varelo At Penna Ronde Pero Ximenes of Funez At Corell Pero Sanches of Montagu sonne to Fortun At Araciel Inigo Aznar of Corello At Sancho Abarca Mathew Saillant At Estaca Garci Perez of Dax At Valtierra Geoffrey of Villaribo At Cadrieta Gonçalo Perez of Gorrocian At Coparrosso D. Alphonso of Spaine At Ablitas Iohn Martines of Necuessa At Arguedas Pero Sanches of Montagu sonne to Pero Artaxone was held by the Inhabitants The Castell of Rade by Symon Martines of Barasoayn for the Heires of Oger of Mauleon for want of homage In the Merindad or Iurisdiction of Sanguessa whereas Oger of Gramont was Merin there commanded At Saint Care Iohn Renaut le Chat. At the castell of Murillo Diego Peres of Esperun At S. Martin of Vnx Garci Ximenes of S. Martin At Vxue D. Alphonso of Spaine At Gallipienço Pedro Arnaud of Vrtuuia At Casseda Stephen of Cormelles At Pegna Peter of Cuyuero At the old castell of Sanguessa Garcy Arnaldes of Espleta At Petiella in Arragon D. Martin Fernandes de Saraça At Pintano D. Simon de Sotes At Ongaçaria Helias Martines of Irurozgui At Leguin Iohn Martines of Eusa. At Yrurtegui Martin Garcia of Ollaogui At Valcarlos Martin Ynigues of Vrça At Rochfort Lobet of Narbays At Monteyran Pedro Sanches of Olicaratea At Rochbrun Willyam Arnand Durdes At Guerga Iohn de Sauain At Thiebes Garci Michel of Escayren At Castell-nouo Roderigo of Ayuar At Burgui Pedro Azuar of Ezcura At Ysaba Martin Garcia of Leyun In the Merindad of Iurisdiction of Pampelone Fernand Diaz de villa alta held the castell of Toloyna Iohn of Rouceray that of Aza Iohn of Bulli Labraca Iohn Fernandes of Baguedan the castell of Oro. Bernard of S. Pelage that of Falces Pedro Garcia of Ciraguegui Carçar Iohn Botayroa and Martin Sanches of Villamera the castle of Lana Roger of Alamaina Andofilla Corbaran of Leet Reça Romieu Martines of Arrornis Açagra Alphonso Diaz of Morentiu Peralta Diego Sanches of Eulate Artaçona Iohn Velez of Medrano the tower of Viana Diego Lopes of Alsasua the castell of Toro Martin Sanches of Azedo Maragnon Iohn Moreuant the castell of la Garde Renauld of Bourray the castell of Milagro Alphonso Perez of Morantiu the castell of Montjordan Garci Sanches of Espeleta Lerin Ordoniz of Blandiaco Funes D. Pedro Ximenes of Mirafuentes Arcos Lope Perez of Agnoa the castell of Miranda Philip of Coynon the castell of Belmarques Sancho Perez of Ladoça the tower of Mendauia Michel Remires of Cufia the castell of Celatambor Sancho of Liçaraçu the castell of Larraga Which Captaines of Forts were all entertayned by the King and enioyed many priuiledges according to the lawes and customes of Nauarre The treatie of marriage continued still betwixt the Infant of Nauarre and D. Pedro heire of Arragon by D. Pedro de Luna Arch-bishop of Sarragossa D. Pedro Gonçales of Morentiu and other Deputies who hauing beene long together in the towne of Cortez concluded it in the yeare 1334. The conditions were that King Philip of Nauarre should giue in dowry with his daughter D. Ieanne Ten thousand pound a 100000. Sanchots which were worth so many Liuers turnois and for assurance of a future marriage there were giuen in pawne for Nauarre Lescar Arguedas Saint Care Murillo Gallipenço and Murgui and for the King of Arragon Fayos Boria Malona Campdalijub Sos and Sauveterre the Articles were signed by the parties with many knights at Daroca The King of Castille hearing of this alliance being iealous and foreseeing that they sought but an occasition of warre he
Leonor his wife by his will excluded the daughters from the succession of Sicile ordayning that if in his posterity the males should faile the Realme should bee vnited to that of Arragon Wee haue sayd before that D. Pedro King of Arragon had promised to marry D. Ieanne the eldest daughter of Nauarre Treaty of marriage betwixt D. Pedro King of Arragon and D. Maria of Nauarre but this marriage tooke no effect for hee did more affect Mary the second daughter of King Philip procuring him and Queene Ieanne to yeeld therevnto wherefore he sent for his Ambassadors into France Iohn Sanches of Marojal Chamberlaine of the great church of Sarragossa and Garcia Loris a knight who in his name concluded a marriage at Anet with the Infant Mary who was not yet twelue yeeres old and it was accorded by the matrimonial contract that for want of heires male of King Philip and Queene Ieanne his wife Mary the second daughter should inherit the realme of Nauarre and not the elder The King and Queene of Nauarre did binde themselues to giue her in dowry three score thousand Sanchots and for assurance of this marriage there were giuen in deposito by King Philip the castles of Arguedas Saint Cara Estacha Murillo Gallipenço and Burgui and for the King of Arragon Sos los Fayos Borja Saluatierra Malon and Campdalijub which places were put into the hands of certaine gentlemen to be deliuered to any of these Princes to whose preiudice the accord had beene broken The King of Arragon assigned Tarracone Iacca and Teruel for his wiues ioynter and it was agreed that the Princesse should bee deliuered vnto the Inhabitants of Tudele within a certaine time and there kept by them to bee deliuered vnto her spouse being full twelue yeeres old and moreouer as at the reception of King Philip it had beene capitulated that the first sonne borne of Queene Ieane his wife beeing come to the age of twenty yeeres they should deliuer him the realme to gouerne and that the Estates should bee bound to pay him a hundred thousand Sanchots in like manner if Donna Maria the future Queene of Arragon should come to the succession of the Realme of Nauarre the Estates should bee bound to pay him the like sum of money These were the principal Articles of this marriage which was soone after accomplished In the yeere of our Lord 1337 An. 1337. the King D. Pedro being come to Valence he sent Bernard of Villaragut Arnaud Morera and Azbert Caliaza Ambassadors to the Pope to doe him homage for the Islands of Corsica and Sardinia In this last the Estate was then somewhat quiet for Azon and Iohn Marquisses of Malespine sonnes to Opicin Damian Bernabas and Brancaleon d' Oria Earles of Donoratico the townes left vnto the Pisans demanteled and without any munition Peter Iuge of Arborea with Murian and Iohn his brethren all holding lands and beeing subiects in the Island conteined themselues in the friendship of the new King of Arragon and did willingly acknowledge him for their superior The rest of the family of Oria for a wrong newly receiued from Raymond of Cardona had beene forcebly drawne vnto it who notwithstanding by the intercession of the Pope and the Kings of France and Sicile had beene receiued into sauour and restored to their goods Such was the Estate of Arragon at D. Pedro comming to the crowne 18 D. Alphonso King of Castille hauing made a peace with the Nauarrois Castille found himselfe freed of a great care beeing ready to fall into new broiles by the practises of his owne subiects This Prince thinking to raigne more securely had taken a course of extreame seuerity shewing himselfe cruel and treacherous to his Nobility whereby hee was feared Cruelty makes Kings to bee feared but withal they loose the loue of their subiects but withall he lost the loue and respect of his subiects so as he was no sooner freed from one daunger but hee fell into an other worse then the first wherefore this distrust lying smothered in the heart of D. Iohn Manuel D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara D. Pero Fernandes de Castro D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque and others reconciled heretofore vnto the King by necessity rather then of their owne free will they held a Maxime That a tyrant being offended will at some time reuenge himselfe and therefore they must not trust him A Tyrant offended is neuer truly reconciled vpon any reconciliation who to pacefie the troubles which had growne by his owne error had made no difficulty to sacrifize vpon the peoples spleene his owne Mignons degrading and in the end murthering and condemning them as traitors after their death yea the Princes of his owne bloud rapting their goods and Estates and depriuing the lawfull heires seeking to raigne ouer free men and of generous spirits as ouer beasts intreating them as base and effeminate slaues who might not speake their opinions freely in matters of state and gouernment of the which they were held dead members and without feeling wherefore if they were men hauing vnderstanding and reason they should neuer forget the nature of D. Alphonso who was proud a contemner of all law and treacherous yea they proceeded so farre as Don Iohn Manuel withdrew himselfe from the subiection of King D. Alphonso by protestation and publike act The Noblemen beeing thus ill affected to their King VVarre in Castille made by the rebels they made a league during the warre of Nauarre with D. Alphonso King of Portugall and did incense him to take armes for their defence but their attempts had no better successe then the precedent for D. Alphonso King of Castille meaning to preuent these disorders gaue commendement throughout all the Prouinces of his Realme to suppresse all those that should take armes without his priuity and warrant seeking by all meanes to keepe the Rebelles diuided one from an other Moreouer hauing some fealing that cruelty was to violent a remedie for men that were nobly borne hee sought by all milde and courteous meanes to diuide them and to draw some of them vnto his seruice the which he effected with D. Pero Fernandes de Castro and D. Iohn Alphonso of Alburquerque who abandoned their companions And not able to doe the like with the rest he went in person to beseege D. Iohn Nugnes Lara being in Lerma and gaue order that in other parts of the Realme they should seize vpon the houses and persons of other rebels beseeging and forcing them if they made resistance VVarre made by Portugal against Castile and aboue al he sent against D. Iohn Manuel the orders of holy knights The seege being before Lerma there were many skirmishes and furious incounters wherevpon the King of Portugall tooke occasion to declare himselfe sending word vnto the King of Castile that he should leaue D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara in peace who he sayd was his vassal where of the King of Castile made no great esteeme but
country to the Archbishop of Saragossa Whilest that the confederate Noblemen of Castile together with the Arragonois did ruine and burne the country of Alua the King of Castile led a great power by land against Arragon by the way of Almaçan where he tooke Negasta and Torrijo During this warre D. Henry Earle of Transtamara had a sonne by his wife in the towne of Epila the which at this daie belongs to the Earle of Arande who was called Iohn and raigned in Castile Cardinal William being no longer fit to make a peace betwixt these two Princes the Pope sent Cardinal Guy of Bolonia Bishop of Portuense this yeere of our Lord 1359. who preuailed as little as the other but by hid diligence and importunate pursute he incensed the King of Castile more against the house of Arragon and his rage proceeded so farre as he condemned all the Knights of Castile that were in Arragon by proclamation Cruelty more then deuil sh of D. Pedro King of castile he caused the Queene D. Leonora his aunt to bee cruelly murthered being widow to D. Alphonso King of Arragon and hauing caused D. Ieanne of Lara the Lady of Biscay to bee transported to the castle of Almodouar del Rio and from thence to Seuile he there also caused her to be murthered such was the diuilish fury of this monster who being once moued vpon any subiect discharged his rage vpon al that came into his fantasie He did the like vnto D. Isabella of Lara widow to D. Iohn of Arragon to whom by the death of her elder sister leauing no children the Siegneurie of Biscay did belong but shee died not by the sword but by poison which this tyrant caused to be giuen her In these Ladies was extinct the succession of the ancient Lords of Biscay The season being fit for nauigation the King of Castile went out of Seuile or Saint Lucar with foure score ships and one and forty gallies and sailed towards the coast of Valence and Cattelogne he ruined the towne of Guardamar and the Castle againe and presented himselfe in view of Barcelona but the army of Arragon which was but fo forty foists and gallies hindred him from staying at any place vpon the coast and skyrmishing often with him they forced him to bend towards Iuiza and to way anchor in hast from thence and to saile towards Alicant and Carthagena and in the end to retire himselfe hauing with this great preparation done nothing of import The King of Arragon was in the meane time in the Island of Majorca being aduised not to be in his army at sea The gallies of Castille retired to Seuile and the ships of Guipuscoa Biscay and Galicia returned into their countries as for the King of Castile he went to Tordesillas to visit Donna Maria of Padilla The coast of Cattelogne and Valence was this yeere ill prouided of ships of warre for that the King of Arragon was forced to entertaine many gallies continually in the Island of Sardynia beeing still subiect to reuolts and moreouer he had sent a good number into Sicile to aide the King D. Frederic his son in law against whom Ieanne Queene of Naples made warre D. Pedro alone of that name the eight King of Portugal 8 DOn Pedro surnamed the Iusticer raigned in Portugal Portugal who had succeeded his father D. Alphonso the fourth deceased in the yeere of our Lord 1357. Hee was about seuen and thirâ—y yeeres old when hee beganne to raigne and therefore being ripe in yeeres and of a good Iudgement he gouerned his realme with great equity so as he purchased the name of Iusticer and was much vnlike in manners to the other two Kings of his time and the same name This King his father being yet lyuing was married to Blanch daughter to D. Pedro King of Castile Genealogy of Portugal sonne to d. Sancho who falling into a palsey was left by him and then he married D. Constance Manuel daughter to D. Iohn Manuel by whom he had these children following D. Lewis who liued little D. Fernand who raigned Donna Maria D. Pedros priuat marriage with Donna Agnes of Castro married in the life of D. Alphonso her Grandfather to D. Fernand Infant of Arragon sonne to the King D. Alphonso by his second wife D. Leonora of Castile D. Constance dying in the yeere of our Lord 1345. he married Donna Agnes of Castro a gentlewoman which had followed her and with whom they sayd he had familiar acquaintance during her life for she was exceeding faire amiable The Infant D. Pedro although she were somewhat allied vnto him and had christened his son D. Lewis married her secretly for feare of his father in 1354. hauing enioyed her many yeeres and the witnesses of this matrimoniall promise were D. Gil Bishop of Guardia and Stephen Louat Maister of his Wardrop whom he commanded to keepe it secret By her D. Pedro had three sonnes D. Alphonso who died in France D. Iohn and D. Denis who were afterwards expelled by their brother D. Fernand then raigning and died in Castile Of this Lady Donâ—ia Agnes was also borne one daughter called Donna Beatrix who was married to D. Sancho Earle of Albuquerque base sonne to D. Alphonso the thirteenth King of Castile This clandestine marriage being vnknowne to the King D. Alphonso father to D. Pedro and yet his loues knowne and blamed by all men it was treated of to marry him with some Princesse but hee would not heare of it wherefore the King tooke a cruell resolution to kill D. Agnes de Castro thinking he should not otherwise withdraw his sonnes loue Being come to this effect to Coimbra where this faire Lady remained Cruel massaker of D. Agnes of Castro wise to the Infant D. Pedro. whilest that the Infant D. Pedro was a hunting he caused her to be slaine by three of his gard which were Diego Lopes Pacheco Peter Cuello and Aluar Gonçales who did this execution in the old pallace of Saint Clare This death being in the yeere of our Lord 1355. made the Infant rebel against his father who with the aide of many of his friends entred the country betwixt Duero and Minio where he committed great spoile and had done more if many great personages had not labored happely to reconcile them After that he loued other Lady called D. Theresa Gallega by whom hee had one sonne called Iohn in the yeere 1357. He was first Maister of the Knights of Auiz and afterwards King after D. Fernand his brother and the same yeere 1357. died king D. Alphonso the braue D. Pedro being come to the crowne he shewed himselfe a iust Prince obseruing aboue all things the lawes and ordinances made by his father Disposition of D. Pedro King of Portugal for the ordring of his house and traine the Officers whereof were expresly forbidden not to molest his subiects especially puruoâ—ers nor to take any prouision for his house before they had paied the price
which the seller demanded vpon great penalties yea death in some cases Hearing that aduocates did multiply sutes and that of one they often made many he discharged them all throughout his realme and imposed great punishments vpon Iudges that should suffer themselues to be corrupted with money or otherwise yea losse of life and confiscation of their goods he made in any lawes for the shortning of sutes appointing fit men for Iudges causing his ordonances to be executed with all rigor Hee appointed great punishments for light offences and if any one told him that he was to seuere he answered that it was the meanes to reforme vice and that it was pleasing vnto God for if the wicked were not kept in awe with the feare of death they would neuer bee restrained with lesser punishments Finally to haue the good liue in peace it was necessary to punish the bad seuerely As soone as the pleaders had made their demaunds and pertinent answeres giuen they were presently dispatched if it might be If by any trickes and deuises matters were delaied the offenders were punished that is the poore by the whip and the rich by great fines by reason whereof his realme florished in peace and aboundance of all things and he was honoured and beloued of his subiects as much as any Prince lyuing Hee had often in his mouth the saying of the Emperour Titus That he held that day lost wherein hee had not done good to some one Hee did not greeue to be himselfe in person at the deciding of causes and did often assist at the examination and torturing of criminal persons he did so hate malefactors as hee did often times rise from the table to haue them punished yea he tooke such pleasure to doe iustice as he caused to be borne before him or did carry himselfe a whip or rod wherewith offenders should be punished to the end he might cause himselfe to be feared and Iustice more respected so as to many this seuerity seemed to approch neere vnto cruelty Moreouer he was carefull to dispatch all sorts of businesse His dilligence and equity with great breuity especially if a stranger came into his court he commanded he should be presently dispatched to the end hee should not consume himselfe in charges With his royal vertues hee loued hunting His delights dauncing and Ladies and all other sports but not with such excesse as the other Kings of Spaine of his time neither was he free from desire of reuenge mixt with some infidelity for his father being once dead he affected nothing more then to reuenge the death of his best beloued D. Agnes of Castro wherefore knowing that Diego Lopes Pacheco Peter Cuello and Aluar Gonçales who had slaine her â—esiâ—e of reuenge moues the King of Portugal to betray them that were retired vnto his protection were in Castile hee made an accord with his Nephew D. Pedro King of Castile to deliuer vnto him in exchange some Castillan Knights who to flie the fury of this tyrant were retired into Portugal vnder his protection so as they made this dishonorable exchange when as these three men were brought to Saint Iren whereas the King was hee would insantly haue them put to sundry torments but the Noblemen which were about him disswaded him yet could he not forbeare to vse outragious speeches yea hee strooke Peter Cuellâ— on the face and notwithstanding that they excused themselues vpon the commaundement of the King his father yet hee condemned them to cruel deaths Peter Cuello and Aluar Gonçales were executed first before the court gate causing the one to bee opened by the brest and the other by the backe to pul out their hearts Diego Lopes Pacheco appointed to the same death had the hap to escape flying in a pilgrimes weed into Castile where he lay concealed vntil that Don Henry came vnto the crowne Family of Pacheco in Castile whom hee serued and was much beloued of him They say he was the stem of the house of Pacheco in Castille which gaue beginning to the Marquis of Villena and Dukes of Escalona This cruel example shal be followed by one more commendable this King D. Pedrâ— beeing in Lisbone where they had made him a stately entry and ordained a Tourney whereas many Knights both Portugals and strangers did runne hauing beene aduertised that a Knights wife of the city called Alphonso Andre abandoned her selfe to an other he watched that day which he held fit to execute such vnlawful loues these adulterers in such sort as he surprized them together the gentlewomans husband being in armes at the lists with the rest in the new street who without making bruit or suffring any to aduertise the husband of the wrong his wife had done him Adulterers punished hee caused her to bee burnt and her adulterer to be slaine If he descouered any baude namely of such as vnder collour of deuotion enter into houses to carry messages or which vse charmes or giue loue drinkes and such like he did punish them seuerely He was like to haue slaine his Admiral in that towne for that hee had imploied a woman of that trade but hee fled and so escaped his fury but hee caused the woman to be burnt In the country of Vera he caused a married man to bee hanged hauing children by his wife for that hee had forced her beeing a maide before hee had married her If he punished secular men seuerely hee did no more spare priests and monkes yea and prelats if they offended Wherevpon being giuen to vnderstand that hee should send them to their superior Iudges he answered that so he did for hauing once caused them to bee hanged they went directly before God who was the head Iudge of al and did the last Iustice. Knowing that the bishop of Porto were hee then was liued loosely with a married woman of that towne he sent for him seeming that he would confer with him of some businesses The bishop being come he caused euery one to depart the chamber hauing shut the doore he began to pursue the bishop handled him in such sort as if some which staied in the chamber had not taken him out of his hands he had slaine him He was more seuere to his houshold seruants then to any other he caused a Secretary to be slaine hauing taken money without the priuity of his Tresorer This we read of the maners and customes of this king who spared himselfe sometimes as for the stately buildings which he leâ—t they hold that the bridge and towne of Lima are of his foundation he caused Santa Maria of Charneça to be built he indowed the Monastery of Alcouaça with sixe Chaplains and appointed ordinary masses to which monastery his sonne Fernand did afterwards giue the towne of Paredes in the country of Leyra Hee was bountifull and courteous to them that did him seruice to whom hee gaue many guifts His liberty and was accustomed euery yeere to put
matters succeeded as followeth After that king D. Alphonso being called back into Spaine for matters which concerned him nere namely for the imprisonment of his brother D. Henry had left Naples Queen Ioane and her adopted sonne Lewis of Anjou had some time of breathing and means to recouer the city of Naples and other places of the realme there only remained Iohn Anthony of Vrsins Prince of Tarentum a partisan to k. D. Alphonso who made head against Lewis duke of Aniou the duke making war in Calabria was surprized with a burning feuer whereof he died at Cosenza in the yere 1434 not leauing any children Death of Ioane Queen of Naples and her will and the same yeare dyed Queen Ioane also leauing by her will whether it were true or counterfeit Rene of Aniou duke of Lorraine and Bar brother to Lewis deceased heire of the realme of Naples who was at that time a prisoner in the hands of Philip Duke of Bourgondie by reason of the warre betwixt the French and the English for whose libertie the Gouernors of the Realm chosen after the Queens death sent ambassadors into France but on the other side those that were affected to the house of Arragon as the Prince of Tarentum Iohn Anthony of Marzan Duke of Sessa Christopher Gaetan D. Alphonso 〈…〉 back to Napies Earle of Fondy and Roger his brother with other Noblemen and knights which held Capua called backe King Alphonso who a little before was come into Sicily hauing left the Queene D. Maria his wife Regent in Arragon and had led his breethren with him D. Iohn king of Nauarre who had left the gouernement to D. Blaâ—che his wife Queene proprietarie of the Realme D. Henry and D. Pedro who being dispossessed of all they held in Castile had retired themselues vnder the fauor of the kings their breethren with them and many Noblemen and Knights as well Spaniards as Sicilians King Alphonso past into the Realme of Naples and came and landed at Gayeâ—e in which place were besides the Inhabitants and other souldiers of the countrie 300. Geneuois vnder the command of Francis Spinola of Genoua sent by Philippe Maria Angelo Duke of Milan vnder whose protection the common-weale of Genoua was at that time and who held the partie of René Duke of Anjou The beseeged seeing themselues prest aduertised the Duke of their extremity and what need they had of succors whereupon he presently gaue order to prepare an armie at Genoua of the which Blaise Araxeto was General beeing accompanied by Elisa Spinola Iames Iustinian Galiot Lomelin and other famous Captaines expert at sea Army sent 〈…〉 suecor Gaycte who directed their course towards the Iland of Ponce wherof king Alphonso who was before Gayete beeing aduertised hauing nineteene great ships and eleuen gallies he left onely fiue to continue the seege and resolued to go in person with the rest to encounter the enemie but he must first pacifie a question which was growne betwixt the King of Nauar for the generall conduct of the armie with his brother D. Henry either of them aspiring to haue it mooued with zeale to ayde their brother Hauing set sayle Don. Pedro hauing charge of the gallies the Kings and the Infants euery one apart well appointed came to incounter the Geneuois armie the which did consist of twelue great ships three gallies one galeasse and a foist Being in sight and within a league and a halfe one of another the Geneuois seemed as if they would not fight the kings army kept it selfe together till noone striuing to get the wind that they might fight with more aduantage In the meane time the gallies of Arragon discouered the enemies armie which approched neere vnto them finding that they had left three great ships behind as it were for a rereward Before they came to joyne the Generall of the Geneuois armie sent a trumpet in a boate to let the king of Arragon vnderstand that their intent was not to hurt him but they had onely put to sea to draw out of Gayete their souldiers cittizens and merchants of Genoua with their goods and merchandize and to transport them to Genoua The trumpet was detayned a good time during their consultation but the conclusion was that they must charge them for it was likely that the Geneuois had sent this trumpet for that they fainted and feared the Arragonois army The captaines and souldiers with great demonstrations of courage cryed out for battell and presently discharged their artillerie which the Geneuois did presently answer so as grapling ship to ship and galley to galley the fight was furious and cruell and continued long doubtfull vntill that the three great ships left by the Geneuois in the teereward hauing gotten a full wind came with great violence vppon the ships of Arragon and among others giuing the stemme to that in which King Alphonso was they made it lye on the one side and had so shaken and shattered it as it tooke in an aboundance of water and put the king and all them that were in it in great danger so as he was forced to yeeld to Iames Iustinian Gouernor of the Iland of Scio who took him into Spinola's ship The shippe wherein King Iohn did fight Prisoners taken in a battell at seâ— hauing lost her maine-yard yeelded and was taken by Galiot Lomalin Don Henry was prisoner to Cyprian de Mare With these Princes there were taken D. Diego Gomes of Sandoual Earle of Castro Xeris and two of his sons D. Iohn of Sotomajor who had beene Master of Alcantara Ruy Diaz of Mendoça the bald Fernando Aualos Chamberlaine to D. Henry and another Sonne of Don Ruy Lopes d'Aualos who had beene constable of Castile with many other Noblemen and Knights of Arragon Nauarre Cattelogne and Valencia and aboue 600. souldiers and marriners slaine The Infant D. Pedro leaping with the helpe of a cable from one galley to another escaped there were 13. ships taken and most of the gallies were burnt or sunke after they had spoiled them To conclude the Geneuois victorie was great memorable as well in regard of the prisoners as of the rich spoyles who shewed all curtesie and humanity for after the end of the fight they did set at liberty aboue 400. souldiers that were prisoners besides marriners retayning only the chiefe men wherein they did wisely and like souldiers for a multitude of prisoners of meane qualitie are but an incumber and it is an vnprofitable charge and doth many times make the vanquished take corage to rebell and to become Masters of them that hold them Among the multitude that were set at liberty there were many Knights of great worth escaped vnknowne That which gaue the aduantage to the Geneuois army was the 3. ships left in the rereward the abundance of scalding lime and wild-fire which they cast and finally that they were better sea-men then the Arragonois The victorious army approching neere to the Iland of Ischia
brother led some troupes towards Auila where by the meanes of Aluaro of Bracamont and Fernando of Aualos who had taken vpon them to defend it they became maisters from thence the King of Nauarre did write a letter vnto the King of Castile full of good councel accusing the constable of auarice Insolemies of the Constable of Castile made knowne vnto the King cruelty tyranie insolency and contempt of the Princes and Noblemen yea of the King himselfe hauing presumed to kil a squier in Areualo and a groome to flie his fury hauing cast himselfe at the Kings feet as in a most assured Sanctury he had beaten him almost in his bosome stretching his armes ouer the Kings shoulders without any respect to his dignity whom euery man to the great dishonor of his royal person said he had inchanted and to conclude if he did not chase him away and punish him he could not be honored nor serued by the Princes and Noblemen of Castile who could not endure such indignities from an vpstart whose beginning was scarce knowne The King knew well that many things contained in these letters were true yet being gouerned by such as fauored the constable he made no answere wherevpon the confederats sent the Earles of Haro and Benauent vnto him who after many Negotiations concluded with the Kings councel that they should make an assembly of the Estates at Vailledolit whereas the deputies of the townes and Prouinces of Castile and Leon should meet and determine of that which should be held expedient for the quiet of the realme so as the Archbishop of Seuile and his Nephew the Earle of Alba did remaine at their houses Before the execution of that which had beene concluded the Infant D. Henry entred Toledo with three hundred and fifty knights through the fauor of D. Pedro Lopes of Ayala the Gouernor and made himselfe maister thereof hauing good correspondency with the King of Nuarre his brother whose faction was very strong at that time in Castile his friends and confederats holding the chiefe townes of the realme for besides that he had vnder his command the towne of Auila and his brother that of Toledo the Earle of Ledesma held Burgos and the castle Pedro of Quignones was maister of Leon Ruy Diaz of Mendoça commanded Segobia with the sort D. Henry Henriques the Admirals brother had Zamora and the castle Salamanca was in the hands of Iohn Gomes of Anaya Guadalajara of D. Inigo Lopes of Mendoça Lord of Hita Plaisance of the Earle of Ledesma Vailledolit of the Earle Pedro Nugnes other places were held by other Knights of that party the which did much trouble the King and his constable To make the assembly of Vailledolit more easie the Earles of Haro and Benauent returned to Bonille where it was againe concluded that the Kings and the Noblemen should retire their troupes and there was a general pasport giuen to al them that should come to Vailledolit with assurance of their goods yea to the constable who remained in his house at Escalano where by an ill presage the greatest part of the castle had some few daies before beene burnt with lightning notwithstanding the King would haue the pasport serue also for the constables person In this assembly it was decreed that the cities and townes held by the confederats should bee left free at the King of Castiles dispose but there was not any thing effected and the more to trouble the realme D. Henry Prince of the Asturia's perswaded by his spouse and the confederat noblemen began to ioyne with the King of Nauarre his future father in law retyring himselfe vnto the Admiral D. Frederics lodging wherewith the court was much troubled and the King sent the Earle of Castro and Ruy Diaz of Mendoça to the King of Nauar to vnderstand the cause of this alteration who answered that he knew it not and withal went with them to the Admirals lodging to vnderstand the reason The Prince answered that he had retired himselfe thether by reason of Doctor Perjineâ— Alphonso Pâ—res of Biuero and Nicholas Fernandes of Villanicar of the Kings councel being vnworthy of that ranke and beseeching the King that he would chase them away else he would retire himselfe The King promised to dismisse them wherevpon the Prince was pacefied and came to the Kings palace D. Iohn de Pacheâ—o gouerns Prince Henry after midnight the King of Nauarre accompanying him The Prince D. Henry was gouerned by a yong gentleman called D. Iohn de Pacheco sonne to Alphonso Telies Giron Lord of Beaumont who was preferred to his seruice by the constable and was afterwards made Marquis of Villena and maister of the Order of Saint Iames. The King at the Estates of Vailledolit setled some order for Iustice which was but badly executed in Castile and some thing to pacefie the Princes and Noblemen that were mutined and to diuert their armes hee thought it now time to celebrate the marriage of D. Henry and the Infanta of Nauarre being three yeeres since they were made sure and either of them being fifteene yeeres old the bond of consanguinity which might hinder it was dissolued by Pope Eugenius the fourth The Infanta being sent for she entred into Castile An. 1440. in the yeere 1440. beeing accompanied by Queene Blanch her mother the Prince of Viana her brother and many noblemen prelats and knights of Nauarre Shee was receiued in the towne of Logrogno by D. Alphonso of Carthagena Bishop of Burgos D. Inigo Lopes of Mendoça Lord of Hita and by D. Pedro of Velasco Earle of Haro From thence the Prince D. Charles returned into Nauarre with his Gouernor D. Iohn of Beaumont who in the Princes name gouerned the realme the Queene mother being absent The Princesse with all her traine being come to Vilhorado a house belonging to the Earle of Haro she was entertained with sumptuous feasts great sports and rare inuentions and much more at Birbiesca by the Earle himselfe D. Pedro of Acugna did the like at Duegnas whether the Prince D. Henry came to meet his spouse whereas he presented her with many rich iewels and shee him who hauing beene some foure and twenty howers with the Ladies he returned to Vailledolit whether they went There went forth to meet them the Kings and al the principall Noblemen of the court who made a stately entry into the towne and the Queene and Princesse went to the King of Nauarres lodging whose brother D. Henry came from Toledo to assist at the marriage the which was celebrated with a royall pompe Cardinal of Saint Peter D. Pedro of Ceruantes Bishop of Auila performing the ceremony But the vnfortunate hap of this Princesse was such as the Prince D. Henry proued vnable to consummate the marriage Marriage of the Prince of Castile and the Infâ—nta of Nauarre the which she did vertuously conceale for many yeeres To honor the marriage the noblemen ran at tilt with sharpe pointed lances but
gathering together in lesse then foure daies aboue foure thousand foote and fiue hundred Launces with which forces he marcht towards Saluatierra The Commons being aduertised of his comming Insolencie of the commons punished dislodged yet not so speedily but he tooke many whom he either slue or carried away prisoners hauing chased the rest home vnto their townes and burnt many of their houses In the yeere 1443. D. Lewis of Guzman 1434. maister of the Knights of the Calatraua died so as the King of Nauarre obtained that place of the King of Castile for a base sonne of his called D. Alphonso of Arragon whereof the King hauing written to the Commonders to whom the election did belong D. Fernando of Padilla treasorer of the Order who had great credit among them and the greater for that he held D. Iohn Ramires of Guzman great Commander of that Order prisoner euer since the ciuill warre and would neuer deliuer him neither by the Kings commandement nor for the threats of the Princes and Noblemen wrought so as without respect to the Kings letters or to any thing else he caused himselfe to be chosen maister of the Calatraua disapointing D. Alphonso of Arragon and the King of Nauarre his father of their poursute who for that cause made made great Instance vnto the King Election preposterously made and obtained many letters and commandements to the Commanders to disanull this election which was fraudulent violent and against their Orders for this new maister beeing chosen had freed the great Commander but hee had first made him to allow of his election and to sweare fealty and homage vnto him as to his Superior and maister of the Order All this preuayling nothing the King caused the rents and reuenues of Calatraua to be seized on forbidding all their subiects and vassals to obey or acknowledge D. Fernand of Padilla who notwithstanding was fauored and supported by D. Henry Prince of Castile other Noblemen who were somewhat iealous of the King of Nauars greatnesse Moreouer the King sent the Infant D. Henry of Arragon Vsurper enioyes his mastership little with an army who did beseege this vsurper in the fort of the Conuent of Calatraua where he spent some daies being defended by a good garrison At the last the war ended by an accident which happened to D. Fernand of Padilla who died being shot vnaduisedly by one of his Squiers who aymed at the enemy They that defended the place D. Alphonso of Arragon base sonne to the King of Nauarre maister of Calatraua hauing lost their maister yeelded vpon composition The Infant aduertised the King of Castile what had happened who at the request of the King of Nauarre did write againe vnto the Commanders to choose D. Alphonso of Arragon the which was done but he enioyed it little The Court remouing from Toledo to come to Madrigal the King being at Ramaga the Prince D. Henry his son did sollicit him to imprison Alphonso Peres of Biuero Fernando Iames of Xeris Iohn Manuel of Lando and Pedro of Luxan Grome of the Chamber for crimes whereof he accused them and the King of Nauarre did the like which was an occasion to chase againe from Court all the Constables friends fauorers and dependants and to change many of the Kings houshold seruants yea to giue him so many gards as he was discontented yet he had no wil to redresse it for he was faint-hearted and had no royall resolution yea hee endured that D. Henry Henriques the Admirals brother and Ruy Diaz of Mendoça were continually in his Chamber to obserue what hee did and to aduertise the King of Nauarre and his sonne in law the Prince Don Henry It is credible that this was the practise of Don Lopes of Barriento lately Bishop of Segobia and now of Auila who sought to giue the confederats some occasion to vse the King rigorously whereby it should appeere that they held him in vnworthy seruitude wherewith the King his sonne the Prince of Asturia's and others whom hee would make friends to the Constable might bee discontented as it happened for this Bishop being a very polletike man vsed such meanes as he wonne D. Iohn de Pacheco who was the heart of Prince Henry procuring him to let the Prince his maister vnderstand how vnworthy a thing it was for him to continue in their league who intreated his father so vnworthely who hauing chased from court by their seditious armes the constable and other most faithfull seruants to the crowne of Castile vnder collour of some youth but in effect it was for that they opposed themselues against their tyranie which they did build vnder a shew of the publike good they held the Kings person as it were in captiuity to whom it was not lawfull to speake see nor heare but by their Organes no not to conuerse priuately with the Queene his wife nor with him his sonne Prince Henry won by the Constables faction without witnesses and gards who went and reported all to them that he did and said a shamefull thing and full of contempt the which he should not suffer who should be the support of his father and the hope of all faithful subiects louing the greatnesse of the crowne of Castile and the honour and reputation of their Kings with such perswasions hee induced the Prince D. Henry to leaue the league the which he did cunningly as he was councelled by the Bishop who vsed the happy endeuors of Iohn de Pacheco and by other diuises and meanes hee drew vnto the constables friendship who was almost in despaire and resolued seeing himselfe so pursued to passe into Portugall the new Archbishop of Toledo the Earle of Haro Alba Castagneda and Ledesma who now intituled himselfe Earle of Plaisance Inigo Lopes of Mendoça Pero Aluares Osorio and other great Noblemen The better to couer this practise beeing also necessary for the Archbishop of Toledo to dissemble hauing not yet receiued his Bulls from Rome for his Archbishoprike hee and his Nephew the Earle of Alba made a new league with the King of Nauarre but the Bulles receiued and beeing in quiet possession of the Archbishoprike they left the league and ioyned with the constable The effects of the Bishops of Auilas practises beganne now to appeere the Earle of Haro hauing complained of the subiection wherein they held the King vsing some word of threatning that he would remedy it going to Curiel to the Earle of Plaisance to conferre with him about it wherevpon the King of Nauarre sent after him to take him and he had beene taken notwithstanding that he went by vnknowne waies if hee had not beene very well mounted and escaped by the swiftnesse of his horse into his owne country where hee leauied men and inuited all his friends to ioyne with him in so honourable an enterprise to free the King from the oppression wherein they held him so as within few daies hee had gathered together one thousand horse
Gamboyn who seeing himselfe disappointed of that which hee pretended fell into such hatred of them of Montdragon as he caused the towne to be fired in diuers parts by some that he had set on so as he made in a manner all to be most inhumanly burnt Don Bertrand being apprehended by the kings commandement for this fact and accused to haue set fire of a towne belonging to the Crowne was in danger to haue lost his life yet as in a time of confusion money and fauour can do more then iustice he had his life saued making satisfaction to them that had beene burnt and damnified to value the which there were arbitrators appointed who by sentence adiudged most part of Don Bertrands lands to the towne of Montdragon and more they had giuen if the foure arbitrators chosen for the Inhabitants had not beene corrupted with money This towne of Montdragon endured this calamity for that it would not bee alienated from the Crowne for that they maintayned their liberties better so then in beeing subiect to any subalternall Lord and without doubt if Don Bertrand could haue seized theron he would haue kept it in this time full of reuolts and excesse when as the confirmation or the pardon had beene easie to haue beene obtayned by a peace or otherwise In cleargie matters this towne hath alwaies beene stout to maintaine her rights and priuiledges still refusing to accept any Lay patron as well in that which concernes the fruits as the right of presentation in the towne and iurisdiction In the yeare 1449. the truce betwixt Castile and Nauarre beeing ended the garrisons of Atiença and of Pegna of Alcaçar went to field Exploits of 〈◊〉 betwixt the Nauarrâ—it and Castillans and made the cruellest warre that might be The King of Nauarre being exceeding glad that the Earle of Beneuent had escaped into Portugall he fortified himselfe with the fauour of king Don Alphonso by his meanes and hauing drawne out of Nauarre and Arragon and from the Moores in the Realme of Valencia which were subiects to Arragon a good number of fighting men sent them vnder the conduct of Don Pedro of Vrrea Don Iohn Fernandes of Heredia Rodrigo of Rebolledo Don Fernand and Don Diego sonnes to the Earle of Castro and of the iustice of Arragon against the towne of Cuenca making his base sonne Don Alphonso of Arragon late Master of the Calatraua Generall of this armie the which ioyning with the troupes which Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça and Lope of Mendoça his brother sonnes to Don Diego had raysed for his seruice for that they were entred into quarell with the Bishop of Cuenca and were become his enemies might amount to sixe thousand men horse and foot with these forces the cittie of Cuenca was beseeged the which was defended by the Bishop Don Lope of Barriento a better souldier then a Diuine although he had some fame for that facultie in Spaine and by Alphonso Cherino son to Fernando Alphonso Cherino Syndic of the citty and by Lopes and Iohn of Salezar breethren Captaines of the garrison and the Inhabitants who made such resistance as notwithstanding that the Nauarrois had taken Saint Anthonies tower at the bridge and giuen great assaults in other places yet they defended the place and repulst the enemie who despayring to take it raised the seege the which they did the rather for that they were aduertised the Constable came with great forces to succour it Towards Requena and Vtiel the king of Nauarre sent Don Baltazar sonne to the Earle of Huelua with 200 horse and 500. foot who running along the riuer of Xorquera tooke a bootie of about 10000. head of small cattell and the Inhabitants of Requena and Vtiel going foorth to rescue the prey they were incountred and defeated thirty of their Knights beeing slaine vpon the place and seuenty caried away prisoners by the Nauarrois and the rest were all dispersed These were the King of Nauarres exploites attending the returne of the Admirall Don Frederick who was gone to Naples with the Bishop of Lerida where they were so well receiued by king Alphonso and heard in their requests that not beeing able to come into Spaine as he desired he sent letters and commandement to the Estates of Arragon to furnish the king of Nauarre his brother with men armes victuals money of his rents and reuenues and all other things in such quantitie as he should need to make warre against the King of Castile to recouer from him his lands and Estates and to deliuer the Noblemen which were detayned prisoners by the Constables practises and slanders with this prouision the Admirall and Bishop imbarked to returne into Spaine hauing receiued gifts and presents with all other good vsage from king Alphonso The bishop dyed vppon the way so as the Admirall returned alone to the king of Nauarre who was much pleased with this fauourable dispatch calling the chiefe men of Arragon to Saragossa where he acquainted them with their kings command whereupon the Arragonois hauing held a Councell they besought the king of Nauarre not to draw them into quarrell with Castile with which Realme they desired to maintaine peace as long as they might The king of Nauarre vsed many intreaties and protestations to perswade them but he could not induce them to go to the warre with him yet he drew from them what summes of money he would and seeing that he could not perswade them in generall he induced some knights in particular to serue him and to make his way more easie to that which he pretended being sufficiently aduertised of the insolencies and follies which the Constable committed daily to the great disdaine of the Noblemen of Castile he sought by all meanes to draw some into his league letting them vnderstand that if they did any longer indure this mad man to gouerne the Realme of Castile in that maner they would repent it too late and when as they should not bee able to preuent the ruine of their houses which he sought hauing no other end but to root out the great families of the Realme to settle his familiars and men of his sort The king of Nauar had a speciall desire to draw D. Pedro de Velasco Earle of Haro into this league beeing a good Knight louing iustice rich and mightyboth in meanes and friends to whom the Constables vnlimited ambition and the vniust detention of so many good men was displeasing League made against the Constable D. Aluaro de Luna To draw him to his faction he fed him with hope to marrie his sonne Prince Charls vnto his daughter so as the greatnesse of the royall Estate wherein D. Pedro should see his daughter if this marriage tooke effect blinded his eyes and made him open his eares This beeing in some sort concluded they sent wise and discreet men to the Prince Don Henry and to his great minion D. Iohn de Pacheco Marquis of Villena and his brother D. Pedro Giron Master of Calatraua to
King of Castle and 〈◊〉 escaped from his prison of Langa slipping downe by a roape tied with many knots The Ambassadors of the two Kings being met it was concluded that the Admirall and the Earle of Castro should returne into Castile to whom and to D. Henry their goods should be restored Iohn of Tabor de Luna should bee restored and D. Alphonso of Arragon put againe in possession of the Maistership of the Calatraua the which D. Pedro Giron held against whom the King and all others would aide and support D. Alphonso if he would not leaue it These matters agreed vpon were partly effected for D. Pedro Giron being in possession of the places which belonged to the maistership and well assisted and followed was the stronger In Guipuscoa they of the towne of Montdragon being not yet well pleased with D. Bertrand of Gueuara Houses of strength retreats for theenes rained in Gaipuscoa did ruine by a Conuocation of the Commons and the Kings permission the tower and strong house of this Knight which was in a medow called Caldiybar which is to say the valley of horses whether many theeues and bandoliers retired themselues whereby the towne was much damnified and D. Bertrand was condemned in a thousand florins of gold for their paines that were there assembled The like was done vnto an other house belonging vnto the said Bertrand neere vnto the towne of Salines two leagues from Montdragon Many of Pedro Sarmientos souldiars being laied hold on in diuers parts of Castile they were executed yea a Gonner who had shot at the herauld which the King had sent to summon the city of Toledo who was drawne and quartered In the yeere 1451. Queene Isabella was deliuered of a daughter at Madrigal who was also named Isabel Birth of the Iusanta D. Isabella who was Queene of Castile and Arragon shee was Queene by inheritance of Castile and Leon and wife to D. Fernand King of Arragon a Princesse indowed with great vertues The accord made betwixt the King of Castile and the Noblemen did not hold long for the Prince D. Henry had his priuate opinions supporting D. Pedro Giron Maister of the Calatraua against D. Alphonso of Arragon which made his attempts to returne into the Maistership vaine D. Pedro at the instigation of the Toledans seized vpon Torrijos and Orgas places belonging to D. Alphonso of Guzman chiefe Marshal of Seuile The Admirall and the Earle of Castro finding no safety for their persons in Castile returned into Nauarre and the rather for that they performed little of many things which they had promised them The Prince D. Henry caused the Earle of Alba and D. Pedro of Quignones to be conducted to the castle of Toledo commanding they should bee well kept for whole deliuery the people of Toledo being turbulent made great stirres but without effect yet within few daies hee deliuered D. Pedro of Quignones making him to sweare that he would follow him and serue him well and faithfully for they prepared to make warre against Nauarre causing him to promise to imploy himselfe to draw the Admirall and the Earle of Benauent to his seruice who had either of them married a sister of D. Pedros The Court being at Zamora the King propounded to his Councell in the presence of the great men of Castile an accusation against Pedro Sarmiento who was by the aduice of them all condemned as a rebell and guilty of high treason which sentence being confirmed by the Pope they did confiscate all his goods and they did seize to the Kings vse vpon Salinas of Agnana Ocio Pont Lara and other places of his in Guipuscoa Alaua Biscay and elsewhere in Castile From Zamora the King came to Toledo being at it seemed in good termes with the Prince his sonne to goe and make warre against the King of Nauarre giuing the Gouernment of that city to the Constastable who at his departure left D. Lewis de la Cerde one of his breeding vp there and did accompany the Prince who marched towards the frontiers of Nauarre The Castillan army entred into Nauarre by Viana which they could not force the King of Nauarre hauing well furnished and fortefied the places of the frontier and therefore they past to Torralba Nauarre where the garrison making a furious sally vpon the Castillans had almost put them in disorder and to flight D. Iohn of Beaumont prior of Saint Iohn in the realme of Nauarre being Gouernor in Torralba Finally he defended it so well as they left it and going through the territory of Berrueça they went and beseeged Estella whereas Lope of Baquedan was Gouernour for the King of Nauarre There the King of Castile came and ioyned with the Prince his sonne bringing a great power with him It is likely that the castle of Buradon was taken and razed at this voiage whereat the Prince D. Charles who with the royall councell gouerned the realme in the absence of the King his father was so greeued beeing the best fort of Nauarre as hee held the whole realme to be lost Deuice of two grey-bounds gnawing of a bone carried by the Prince of Nauarre and they say that as one out of hope hee tooke a deuice of two grey-hounds gnawing of a bone signifying that the realme of Nauarre figured by the bone is scituated betwixt Castile and France and that the Kings of these realmes which were the two grey-hounds did either of them deuour of his side The city of Estella being furiously battred and assaulted the Prince D. Charles was of opinion to goe and speake with the King and Prince in their campe hauing therefore obtained a pasport he was courteously receiued by them and his well-spoken reasons so fauourably heard as they were in a manner forced by his modesty and good behauiour to raise the seege the which a great army could hardly haue done so great force hath vertue which is fashioned by good education in a Noble disposition and in truth there was not to bee found according to the report of Authors in that age a more generous Prince nor better taught then D. Charles of Nauar for besides the naturall guifts of beauty mildnesse affability to al men and greatnesse of courrage at need he was learned in the Scriptures which gouerned his maners Vertues of D. Charles Prince of Nauarre hauing also the knowledge of many good commendable sciences by the which he was admirable in his life time and famous after his death Hee loued poesie hee was well read in Histories and a subtill Philosopher for his young yeeres so as he translated Aristotles Ethikes into the Castillan tongue turned into Latin by Leonard Aretin who florished at that time wherein hee shewed great dexteritie and iudgement treating of that subiect in such fit termes as without all doubt Aristotle hath not written better in Greeke VVritings of Prince Charls nor Aretin so wel in his traduction in Latin this book was dedicated by him
of Nauarre by the good councell of the Lords of the countrey and namely by the Lord Lewis of Beaumont now the king his father hauing married to his second wife the Ladie Ioane Henriques daughter to the Admirall of Castile would haue made her a partaker in the gouernment the which was distasted by many who did stirre vp the Prince beeing lawfull heire of the Kingdome not to suffer his mother-in-law to thrust her selfe into the command of his possessions The desire of rule which tickleth all great and magnanimous natures The desire of rule an affection of a magnanimous nature did so farre possesse the Prince Don Charles hitherto obedient to his father as hee declared vnto him the purpose that he had to enioy alone the right of his mothers inheritance in which his mother-in-law had no part and thereupon made preparation to send her foorth of the countrie and to resist the king his father if he opposed himselfe against his determination and in conclusion to haue by way of armes that which he purposed From this pernitious quarrell Factions of Beaumont and Grammont in Nauarre which prooued so successeles to the sonne against the father did spring the two factions of those of Beaumont and Grammont which so many yeares did infect the kingdome of Nauarre names taken from two mighty families to wit that of Beaumont beyond the Pireuean hils The house of Beaumont called of old Lusa and that of Grammont on the hither side neere vnto France albeit that the house of Beaumont had his originall from Normandy and was first of all called Lusa neuerthelesse both of them of old issued from the bloud royall of Nauarre the which the armes of both those houses do witnesse and namely the chiefe of the faction of Grammont who are the Marshals of the kingdome the Marques of Cortes do not intitle themselues of Grammont but of Nauarre Now the Lord Lewis of Beaumont Constable of Nauarre beeing chiefe of his house he and all his followed the Princes on the contrarie the house of Grammont and their adherents did maintain the Kings quarell against his sonne and of this house were chiefe the Lord Peter of Peralta who by reason of these tumults was made Constable and the Marshall Don Pedro of Nauarre The sonnes reasons were that beeing sonne and lawfull heire to Lady Blanche the right Queene and heire of Nauarre he ought to gouerne seeing that the king his father had made a second marriage which barred him from any pretence of right or claime On the contrarie the king sayd that by agreement of his first marriage it was concluded that whether he had any children or no by his wife Queene Blanche that he should raigne during his life to the which article the Lords and States of the kingdome were sworne and therefore it ought to take place The Prince disputed against this poynt as beeing made to his preiudice not good in law and therefore of no force for as by the lawes of the Realme two beeing married the suruiuer enioyeth the goods of the partie deceased so long as they continue in widdow-hood but so soone as they marrie againe they lose that right Now the question was whether the condition agreed vpon in the contract of marriage in the behalfe of K. Iohn made against the lawes of Nauarre and to the preiudice of the Prince his sonne were good or no but how iust so euer it was they fell to armes Queene Ioane remaining in Estella beeing aduertised of Prince Charles his conspiracie gaue foorth-with notice thereof to the king her husband who came out of Arragon into Nauarre with a great company of men at armes vnto whom those of Grammont ioyned themselues First of all he tryed by messages and ambassadors if hee could diuert the Prince his sonne from this dishonorable poursute whereby as he sayd he did blemish the shining luster of the races of Nauarre Castile Arragon and France from whence he was descended the question betwixt the father and sonne was brought to very good termes by the reasons alleaged by King Iohns Ambassadors had not the counsel of the chiefe of the part of Beaumont hindred it who kept the Prince in his first resolution to haue the absolute rule of his kingdom without any exception and those of Grammont did incite the king against his sonne both parts thinking as it is very likely to increase their honours riches and dignities rather by these troubles then by the peace of the kingdome All treaties and negotiations of peace ceassing the Prince assembled his forces as wel Knights as the common people of his partie An. 1456. and carried himself as king the yeare 1456 The Prince of Viana Don Charles caused himselfe to bee called king of Nauar. giuing gifts priuiledges and liberties with other royall acts the letters and writings whereof were found in these times in the citie of Toralba and other places of the country he called also from Castile diuers of his friends of whom certaine troupes entring by Logrogâ— into Nauarre were ouerthrowne neere to Viana by the King Don Iohn who like a wise and a discreet Captaine went and met them not suffering all his sonnes forces to ioyne together before that he had fought with them after which exploit there were diuers encounters betwixt them with doubtfull victorie neere to Estella Pampelona Olite and Lombier so as the last battell of this first ciuill warre was fought neere to the citie of Ayuar in the which by the prowesse and valour of Peter of Peralta and Lopes of Castillo and others of the faction of Grammont those of Beaumont were vanquished and Prince Charles taken prisoner who was carried to Tafalla by the commandement of the king who came thither soone after and did labour to bring him to some agreement of peace the which the sonne beeing ill aduised did contemne and that which was worse he going about to incite his neighbour kings to take in hand the defence of his cause a packet of letters was taken which he sent to king Alphonso of Portugall wherein diuers matters were discouered by reason whereof hee was shut vp in the castle of Mont-Roy Hereuppon the factions were so fleshed one against the other as through all the citties of the kingdome betweene neighbors and towns-men whole families did so bandie themselues that infinite cruelties murthers burning of houses and other insolencies and impieties of ciuill warres were committed The great loue of the Earle of Lerin to the Prince Don Charles The imprisonment of the Prince was so irkesome to the Lord Lewis of Beaumont Earle of Lerin as he did not cease by all meanes and assurances that he offered till that he had obtained his deliuerie of the King for the which he himselfe so dearely did he loue him gaue his owne person in hostage and remained in prison the space of seuen yeares But when the Prince was at libertie he wanted no counsellers to animate him to
exhibited the authoritie which hee had from the Duke of Guienne the Cardinall tooke Donna Ioane and the Earle by the hands and betrothed them with all the vsuall ceremonies and sollemnities and then the drummes and trumpets sounded and all sorts of signes of ioy and gladnesse were made by the assistants This done the Ambassadours returned to Segobia where by the way they were so beaten with a violent tempest of wind raine and hayle as they were in danger of their liues and diuers of their traine perished which was an euident token that the miseries of Spayne were not yet at an end From Segobia the King caused the Bishop of Siguença to accompany them to Burgos The Duke of Guienne his death breakes this marriage from whence they returned highly contented to France but the Duke of Guienne his death who liued in continuall discord with his brother king Lewis hindred the accomplishment of this marriage The Arch-bishop of Toledo was then at home in his house New troubles by the Arch-bishop of Toledos meanes contriuing of new trobles and held the party contrarie to the Master of S. Iames who did wholly possesse the King to the great indignation of the great Lords who vppon that occasion left the Court and retired themselues home to their houses the kingdome beeing opprest with miseries plagues famines murthers and falshood in all things especially in mony to the great hurt of the people who wanted the administration of iustice Basco de Contreras one of the Kings captaines had taken the fortresse of Perales from this Arch-bishop the which caused new troubles for the Arch-bishop beeing desirous to recouer it assembled forces and came and beseeged it the King on the other side sent him commandement to withdraw his souldiers threatning if he refused to fall vppon him and his and was already come to Madrid with troupes of horse and foote The Arch-bishop perceyuing himselfe inferiour in strength obeyed the Kings commandement and brought backe his people to Alcala The Princes Don Fernand and D. Izabella remayned at Duegas beeing counselled and fauoured in all things by the Arch-bishop of Toledo and his faithful companion Don Iohn of Arias Bishop of Segobia Proceedings against the Archb of Toledo by reason whereof the King complayned to the Pope by his Ambassadour resident at Rome of both these Prelates accusing them of committing many things to the preiudice and contempt of his royall Crowne The Pope vnderstanding so much sent to the Bishop of Segobia commanding him within the terme of ninety dayes to make his personall appearance at Rome And hee appoynted that the Lords of the Kings Councell should cause the Arch-bishop to be summoned and exhorted by foure Channons according to the forme of law to returne to the obedience due vnto the king which if he should refuse to do they should then thunder out his processe and send it to Rome that the Pope might see it to the end to proceede against him and chastise him as a rebellious Prelate The Popes Briefe beeing declared in the Chapter-house of Toledo there came to the Court at Madrid Fernand Peres of Ayala bastard-brother to Pero Lopes of Ayala who had beene Earle of Fuençalida Diego del Gadillo Marco Dias and Don Francisco of Palencia Prior of Arrochio Chanons of the same church who hauing shewed to the King how highly their Prelates disobedience did displease not onely them but the whole Chapter they offered themselues to performe whatsoeuer the Kings Councell should thinke fit to bee done for his seruice and for reducing the Arch-bishop to his duty to his royall Maiestie Now because the King and his trayne were at that time in the Diocesse of Toledo and fearing the Archbishops censures and interdictions they defended themselues with an appeale putting themselues vnder the protection of the Sea Apostolicke and then a Knight and a Doctor was sent to giue the Arch-bishop notice of the Briefe and to commaund him to returne to the Kings seruice and to abandon the Princes whom the King desired to chase out of the Realme The Arch-bishop excused himselfe and answered that heretofore by the Kings commaundement he had sworne to the Princesse Donna Izabella as to the eldest heire of the Crowne therefore he could not acknowledge any other but her and he besought the king to deale no farther in that businesse because such was his determinate will and purpose The King vnderstanding this answer commanded to proceed against the Arch-bishop with all rigour but the Master of Saint Iames who managed the affaires with more cunning was of a contrarie opinion he aduised the King to send the Licentiate Diego Henriques vnto him to offer him if he would adhere to the Kings partie and forsake the Princesse three thousand tennants and two forts for his two sons Troilo Carillo of Acugna and Lope Vasques of Acugna The Arch-bishop reiected these temptations and would by no meanes forsake the Princesse seruice This notwithstanding the Master caused all proceedings against her to cease and the foure Channons were sent backe to Toledo discontented enough three of them were taken by the way and brought to Torrejon de Velasco by Pero Arias of Auila who by the Arch-bishops commandement lay in ambush to surprise them Fernand Peres of Ayala onely saued himselfe in Canales The King beeing very much displeased herewith sent diuers horse-men to field who tooke diuers friends and seruants of the Arch-bishops and among others Don Diego of Gueuara a Channon of Toledo in exchange of whome the three Chanons were deliuered And so the matter passed on betwixt the King and the Arch-bishop for that time In the meane time the Master of Saint Iames intending his owne profite and beeing assured of his credit and power had taken the cittie of Alcaraz which imported him very much beeing neere to his Marquisat of Villena and was easily confirmed in the possession and reuenue of the same by the King Disorders in the gouernement of Castile which discontented diuers for by his example the Earle of Benauent seized vpon Villalua and deposing Pero Nugno from his office of Merin major of the cittie of Valliodolit he gaue it to his brother Don Pedro Pimentell It was then an ordinarie tricke in Spayn for those that were able to seize vpon any place to do it without caring for robberies murthers and other hainous crimes which they by such attempts affoorded matter and occasion too beeing assured that if they had any little fauour in Court to possesse their booties without controule It happened euen so to the Earle of Arcos Don Rodrigo Ponce of Leon who hauing taken during the furies of the League the cittie of Cales he obtayned the same in full proprietie with title of Marquis therof by the meanes and furtherance of the Master of Saint Iames his father-in-law If two Lords were at strife without any respect of the Royall Maiestie they would strike vp the drumme and raise forces to ruine one another
Iames died of a canker at Segobia and it is reported that shee beeing a wise and vertuous Lady did greatly reprooue her husbands extreame ambition and that at her death she made him sundrie remonstrances which tended greatly to his honour and commoditie and the preseruation of his house shee did greatly aduise him to maintaine the King in his honour and reputation towards whome hee had insolently behaued himselfe and most commonly without respect to the great griefe of all the great Lords of Spaine whereuppon the Master made her many faire promises of amendment which after her death were soone forgotten therefore considering with himselfe that hee was now a widdower and badly beloued he thought it expedient for him and greatly profitable for his affaires in hand Master of S. Iames allyes himselfe with the house of Velasco to marrie againe and to strengthen himselfe with some good allyance wherefore he bended his thoughts vppon the houses of Mendoza and Velasco rich and mightie families the chiefe of which hee hauing sounded and practised there was a meeting betwixt Segobia and Pedraza by the Bishoppes of Siguença Palença and Burgos the Earles of Haro Medina Celi and the Master who agreed vpon a marriage betwixt the sayd Master and the Earle of Haros daughter wherewith the king was well pleased The marriage was afterward sollemnized at Pegnafiell a place belonging to the Earle of Vregna who was Nephew to the Master By this allyance the Bishop of Siguença was pacifyed came to Court and had promise of the Kings fauour for his obtayning of a Cardinals hat whereon he dreamed day and night from Pope Sixtus the fourth newly elected who was borne in Sauona of the family of Rouero a Friar and Cardinal of the title of Saint Peter ad vincula whose Legate Roderigo Borgia Bishop of Albi and Cardinall of the title of S. Nicholas in carcere Tulliano Rodrigo Borgia Cardinal◠Vice-chancellour of the sea of Rome who afterward was Pope came this yeare 1471. into Spayne where hee was receiued at Madrid by King Henry with all the honour and submission that a seruant or an obedient sonne could vse towards his superiour and father as also in all places as hee came by the way as soone as he was entred into Castile especially when hee arriued in the territories belonging to the Mastershippe of Saint Iames hee went vnder a rich canopie the King beeing on his left hand yet a little behind him Hauing then declared his legation and shewed his faculties which were to visit the Kingdome of Castile and the Isles neere adiacent to ordayne what was necessarie for the Church of Rome the King shewing himselfe very obedient and willing hee deputed the Licenciate Diego Henriques his Chronicler Chaplaine and Councellour to accompanie and conferre with him about these matters At the intreatie of the King and the Master of Saint Iames the Legate dispatched a message to Rome for the Bishoppe of Siguença's hatte An. 1472. this was in the yeare one thousand foure hundred seuenty two When the Court and the Legate came to Segobia there was made a generall assembly of the Commissioners of euery Cathedrall Church of Spaine where a certaine Subsidie was graunted to the Pope which was the principall cause of his Legation in recompence whereof the Legate bestowed pardons and indulgences vppon euery place with measure and proportion according to euery mans qualitie and besides did ordaine to euery Church two Channonries the one for a Diuine the other for a Chanonist the which should be giuen by the Bishops and Chapters Some neuerthelesse namely of those which did cleaue and adhere to the partie of the Princes Don Ferdinand and Donna Isabella did not appeare at this assembly in the number of whom was Don Inigo Manrique Bishop of Coria who requested the legate to come to Valiodolit saying that they were to conferre with him about matters touching the succession of the kingdomes but the King perswaded him to the contrary accusing the Princes and their followers of many matters The Legate neuerthelesse went to Alcala to visit the Princes who remained there with the Archbishop of Toledo by whom he was sumptuously receiued and with great pompe as also in Guadalajara the Marquis of Santillanas house where hee remained a certaine space with the Marquis and the Earles his bretheren The impieties superstitions thefts rapines and other insolencies vsed at that time among the Christians in Spaine Enormous sins cause those newly conuerted to returne to Iudaisme namely the Prelates and Church-men were so scandalous to all men as diuerse newe Christians who were conuerted from Iudaisme to the profession of Christianity being constrained more by the rigor of the lawes then perswaded by wholesome doctrine and good examples began to returne to Iudaisme not being able to beleeue by humaine reason that the religion professed by such detestable people could bee the true The remedy applied to this mischiefe was the same which arrogant men and such as hate correction Massacre of the new Christians and are desirous to liue in their errors and corruptions doe commonly vse namely the sword massacres and all manner of excesse For in the Citty of Cordoua insteed of bringing back these straies by meeknesse holinesse of life and such like examples which is the duty of the ministers of the Church they did let loose the bridle to the rash mutinous people who made a cruell slaughter of them and spoiled their goods Those of Iaen followed this example against whom the Constable Michaell Lucas d' Irançu opposing himself The Constable Don Michael Lucas de Iransu murthered by the people was most inhumainly murthered in the Cathedral Church by the enraged multitude The like cruelties and robberies were committed in Andujar and other places of Andaluzia wherewith King Henry was extreamly discontented but being faint-harted and of no courage in these matters hee did no more punish the murtherers then the Pastors were diligent in seeking out fit Christian meanes to bring back these Apostata's into the right way The office of Constable was giuen to Don Pedro Velasco Earle of Haro the Kings great Chamberlaine D. Pedro de Velasco made Constable of Castill at the intercession of the Maister of Saint Iames his Sonne in law the which dignity hath euer since euen till our time continued in that family The King like-wise gaue the seales of his Chancery to the Bishogge of Siguença The King finding that Donna Ioane his supposed daughter had very ill successe in her treaties of marriage resolued to bestow her vpon Don Henry Sonne to the Infant Don Henry who was Maister of S. Iames brother to Don Ferdinand Infant of Castile which was King of Arragon who at the same time remayned in the Citty of Barcelona from whence hee caused him to come secretly into Castile This Prince who by the commandement of King Iohn his vnckle was called in his dominions the Infant of Arragon and by
Queene of Castile and Arragon Anne Queene of France and Anne Queene of Bohemia and Hungary Francis Phoebus the foure and thirtith King of Nauarre LEt vs now go forward with our Historie after Queene Leonora's decease her sonnes sonne Francis Phoebus of the age of twelue yeares succeeded by right to the Crowne of Nauarre Seditions awaked by those of Beaumont and Grammont in Nauarre the yeare one thousand foure hundred seuenty nine beeing brought vp in his Earledome of Foix and Lordship of Bearne vnder the gouernement of Donna Magdaleine of France his mother and the Cardinall his Vncle but three yeares were expired before hee durst passe into his Kingdome by reason of the seditions which suddenly after the Queene Leonora's decease were renewed betwixt the Beaumontois the Earle of Lerin beeing their head who held the Cittie of Pampelona and those of Grammont who followed Pedro of Peralta the Constable and Philip of Nauarre the Marshall who had for their forts the places of Estella Sanguessa Olita and a great part of the cittie of Tudela The young Kings mother made a iourney thither as appeareth by letters graunted by her this same yeare dated at Pampelona where shee laboured though in vaine to settle peace and quietnesse in the Countrey diuers Prelates and great Lords of Castile and Arragon did in like manner but to none effect go about to appease these obstinate seditious persons who were hardened in their wickednesse The Faction of Grammont was much discontented to see the Earle of Lerin married to a Ladie of the bloud royal sister to King Fernand of Castile and for that hee was possessed of the cittie of Pampelona the chiefe of the Kingdome they sayd that hee thought to make himselfe king of Nauarre These quarrels beeing sharpely poursued by either side it happened that Philip of Nauarre Viana surprised by the Marshall Philip. successour to his father in the office of Marshall and in hatred to the Earle of Lerin did surprize the cittie of Viana but he could not get the castle wherein a knight of the house of Gongora was captaine for the Earle and beeing out of hope of beeing able to keepe the towne so great was his hatred towards the Earle as hauing complotted with Don Iohn of Riuera Gouernor of Logrogno for the king of Castile Captaine Mudirre and other Spanish knights he deliuered the towne into their hands the which deed of his Exploites of the Earle of Lerin the Earle of Lerin greatly resenting endeauored to recouer that losse which did not so much touch him nor his faction as the whole Realme in generall and hee did so well bestirre himselfe as he did not onely recouer Viana but Larraga likewise which had beene before that time possessed by the king of Castile and if he had beene as strong as hee was couragious and skilfull in martiall affaires he would without all doubt haue recouered the places of Saint Vincent la Garde and Arcos the which hee attempted but hee was too weake with this good happe yet neuerthelesse hee tooke the towne of Miranda vppon Arga and caused those which held it to leape into the riuer In these trobles was the Realme of Nauarre when this young King Francis Phoebus came to the Crowne in danger vppon such like occasions to haue the kings of Castile attempt some thing to his preiudice as well thorough the euill offices of the chiefe of the Factions as by the superfluous duties of thâ— Captaines of the frontiers who to bee accounted good and profitable seruants do oftentimes draw their masters into vniust quarrels contrarie to their owne minds and dispositions The Court of Castile Castile remayned yet at Toledo in the which cittie in the beginning of the yeare one thousand foure hundred eightie the kings had called a Parlament Parliament at Toledo there the Deputies of the citties who were accustomed to haue voyces hauing well weighed and considered the disposition of the royall reuenue which was alienated to particular persons in recompences perpetuall rents superfluous gifts and other such like wastes which were not well digested did craue reformation thereof and demaunded to haue those things which had beene giuen from the Crowne to be restored to the same and they were the more instant therein Consultation touching the re-union of the royall reuenue because they did fore-see that if the kings did not looke to it necessitie would constraine them to seeke money in another nature and to charge the people with new tributes and taxes The matter beeing consulted on by the kings the Cardinall of Spaine and by other Prelates Lords and Knights it was determined that regard should bee had to the peoples admonishment but concerning the manner how the opinions were diuerse some thought it fit that whatsoeuer had beene alienated should be vnited againe others were of opinion to call that onely in question which had beene euill employed others sayd that no distinction ought to be made in that point but either to take all or leaue all Vppon this diuersitie of opinions the Kings knew not what to resolue but wrote their letters to the great Lords of Spaine to come to Toledo to giue their opinions concerning that businesse and if some of them could not come thither in person that they should set downe in writing what they thought was fit to be done and to send it The most part of them thought it requisite that the whole reuenew of the Crowne should be re-united Whereupon the Cardinall did secretly aduise the Kings to make this difference in the matter namely to take away from those vppon whom the late King Henry had bestowed any thing that is to say from the Lords and Knights which had beene the cause of the troubles and had followed the Prince Don Alphonso and not to mention those gifts which they themselues had giuen vnto such as had serued them In these difficulties the Kings made this conclusion That all those who had gifts reuenues and other such like pensions out of the ordinarie reuenue of the Crowne should by a certaine prefixed time come and shew cause how and wherefore they had obtayned such graunts and Friar Fernand of Talauera was appoynted to search out the truth and set downe an order vppon whose good conscience and integritie all men reposed great trust and to satisfie euery man according vnto right and reason who with other assistants did so order the matter as hee brought backe three millions of reuenues into the kings coffers and diuers men had their graunts confirmed others were cut off in part others had all taken from them and others enioyed their pensions during their liues The Estates were likewise very much busied about other matters and euery day was a Councell held in fiue seuerall chambers one was for the State another for the administration of iustice another for the affaires of Arragon and Sicill another for the businesses of the commons and for the iurisdictions of the Hermandades
the rest of the factions would do the like but the poore Friar was deceyued in his hope for those of the Grammontois faction rejecting this marriage as hurtfull to their side and fearing to lose so mighty a Captaine did so preuayle with the Marshall Philip as notwithstanding that matters were in such forwardnesse as neither of the parties could go backe with honour and credit the Marshall neuerthelesse refused that allyance and went wholly backe from his former promises whereat the Earle of Lerin beeing extreamely enraged and beeing of a haughtie and proud spirit was fore reuenged by killing the Marshall as hee rode from Sanguessa to Villa-franca to speake with Don Iohn de Ribera the Earle hauing attended for him vpon the way as well for to chastise his lightnesse and inconstancie as for iealousie that hee had concerning the businesse that the Marshall went about in conferring with that Castillan doubting some treason as well towards himselfe as the kingdome like to that of Viana which he still remembred and could by no meanes forget In this manner the father and the sonne both of them Marshals of the Realme of Nauarre did perish by one self same hand in which Office Peter of Nauarre succeeded who was younger brother to Philip and the fourth of that family who had held the same dignitie The Constable Pedro de Peralta was at the same time out of the Realme who hauing with great labour obtayned absolution from the Pope for the murther committed on the person of Don Nicholas of Echauarri Bishop of Pampelona slaine by D. Pedro de Peralta Bishop of Pampelona did publikely acknowledge his fault in the cathedrall Church of Valencia and liued not long after leauing one onely daughter who was called Ioane of Peralta heire of his house who was wife to Don Troilo Carillo of Acugna sonne to the Arch-bishop of Toledo of whome we haue often spoken in this Historie This house of Peralta descended from the royall stocke of Nauarre and by the death of Pedro of Peralta the office and dignitie of Constable ended in that family the successors whereof were called Earles of Saint Steephen and great Chamberlaines to the Kings of Nauarre Lewis of Beaumont Earle of Lerin entring into that Office was afterward dispossessed thereof and the Constableship fell since to Don Alphonso grandchild to Pedro of Peralta the heires of whose house in processe of time were called Marquis of Falses Marquis of Falses a towne in Nauarre Ciuill warres spoyling after this manner the poore Kingdome of Nauarre the young Kings vncles returned into the Realme accompanied with diuers Lords and Knights of the King of Castiles Court who promised them that if by faire meanes they could not bring the Kings rebellious subiects to his obedience the which hee wished them in any case to trie that he would them furnish him with men munition and money for the warres these Lords being come to the towne of Tafalla they did forthwith assemble the generall Estates The Estates of Nauarre at Tafalla by vertue of a commission which they had from the King the Cardinall and Lord Iames of Foix promising free and sure accesse and safe conduct to all men The Deputies of the three Estates of the Kingdome being assembled and hauing vnderstood by the Cardinall the cause why they were come into Nauarre wherevnto were ioyned the French King Lewis the eleuenths letters which did exhort the Nauarrois to continue obedient to their King and to acknowledge and serue him as faithfull subiects ought to doe prouiding thereby for the welfare rest and quiet of their county they did all with one generall consent make answere that the Lords and people of Nauarre did neuer meane to forsake their obedience towards Francis Phoebus the young King whom they did acknowledge for their naturall and lawfull Prince but that on the contrary they had euer till now beene iealous and fearefull in regard of his youth and absence from the Realme least some stranger should haue made himselfe Maister thereof and therefore they did no lesse desire his comming then himselfe and they humbly besought him to make hast as a thing most necessary and if his comming had beene hindred by meanes of the ambition and tiranny of a few priuate persons they gaue him to vnderstand that it was to the great griefe of others and in no sort occasioned by common consent therefore they intreated him to come in a lucky hower seeing they were ready to receiue and honour him accordingly as it did become them The Cardinall and his brother vnderstanding so pleasing and desired an answer did forthwith write thereof to the young King Francis Phoebus and to King Fernand his great vncle And because whatsoeuer was done was to no purpose vnlesse those two great houses of the Earle of Lerin and the Marshall Don Pedro were reconciled the Cardinall did vse the best meanes hee could to make them friends but by reason of their inueterate quarrels hee found matter enough whereon to set his iudgement and industry a worke and also incredible resistance against his brothers authority and his owne Perseuerance ouer-commeth all difficulties so as diuers times they were in despaire of the matter neuerthelesse knowing that by perseuerance all difficulties are surmounted and that in such holy and laudable actions we ought to vse our best endeauors they laboured so earnestly therein as in the end they thought that they had wholy reconciled them And for a greater and more strict band of this alliance Feigned reconciliation betwixt the Earl of Lerin and the Marshall of Nauarre this assembly of the Estates beeing in the time of Lent the Cardinalls would needs haue the Constable and the Marshall to receiue the Sacrament together in an hostie parted betwixt them in the Monastery of St. Sebastian in Tafalla But as the heart of man is oftentimes different from the outward shew so this reconcilliation prooued but feigned and counterfeit for notwithstanding promises oths and all respect to Religion which are oftentimes but maskes to euill intents the Earle of Lerin thinking with these ceremonies to haue suffitiently secured his aduersary did determine to kill him vpon the first proffered occasion perswading himselfe that if he could dispatch this man as hee had done his father and brother in time before that then in Nauarre hee should haue no more great enemies left to make head against him Therefore vpon the very next day after their reconcilement which was good Friday Treachery of the Earle of Lerin against the Marshall he hauing intelligence that the Marshall rode from Tafalla towards Tudela or else to the Monastery of Oliua hee came with a great troupe vnder the hill of Agnorba and there lay in ambush intending to assaile him on the sodaine as hee should passe that way The Marshall who feared no such matter came riding in the company of the Earle of Saint Steuens the Constable of Peraltas successor with their traine and beeing
them fled away as fast as they could forsaking their king who was there taken prisoner There were taken at this encounter nine hundred mules fiue hundred horse and nine Moorish Standards besides other spoiles which were distributed among the souldiers and the Kings person fell to the Earle of Cabraes share in token of which victorie the Earles of Cabra The Earle of Cabraes armes by the aduice and grant of the Kings of Castile do beare for their armes a Mores head in prison tyed with a chaine of gold with a bend ouerthwart their shield wherein nine standards are painted By this ouerthrow king Mahumet the Little lost much of his reputation and many strong Castles reuolted from him to his father Muley Albohacen during his imprisonment he was honorably vsed and like a king King Fernand beeing ioyfull for this victorie did thinke it fit to follow the occasion and with a great armie to assayle the Moores who were astonished with their losse wherefore he tooke order that the Affrican Moores should not come by sea into Spaine to their ayde and then hee entred into the Countrey of Granado with an army of tenne thousand horse and thirtie thousand foote among whome there were great numbers of Switzers Switzers in the wars of Granado with a great trayne of Officers victuallers Merchants and other people who serued and followed the campe before which the Earle of Cabra and Don Alphonso of Aguilar did march with troupes of auantcourrers who burned the country round about Illora and Montefrio the armie passed by Illora which was not easie to be taken without great Artillerie but they tooke the towne and castle of Tagara which lies betwixt Alhama and Loxa the King would not take those of the Castle to his mercie because they did not yeeld at the first assault which together with the town was razed to the ground Diuers valiant men of the Christian campe were hurt at the taking thereof as namely Don Henry Henriques the Kings Vncle and Lord great Master of his house Being come to Alhama the King caused it to be well fortified and left Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoza Earle of Tendilla Gouernour there who was a very vertuous Knight then he led his armie farther into the countrie of Granado ouerthrowing and destroying all that stood before him but for want of victuals he returned to Cordoua The Moores beeing thus persecuted and afflicted did beginne to intreate for peace and offered to pay the King tribute and some Moore children of Noble houses for hostages Wherewith King Fernand acquainted the Queene his wife who then lay at Victoria to looke to the affaires of Nauarre which shee feared would shortly stirre who was of opinion to haue the hostages to be townes and castles and not children whereunto the Moores not consenting the warre stood at that same stay as it was before Thereuppon the Moore Queene mother to the King made meanes for her sonnes deliuerie and sent to offer King Fernand perpetuall homage twelue thousand Duckets for yearely tribute and a great summe of readie money for his ransome and besides to set three hundred Christian prisoners at libertie such as he would please to name and shee offered sufficient hostages for the performance of what shee promised The King commaunded the Earle of Cabra to deliuer the prisoner vnto him the which he did and deliuered him to Martin Alarcon Captaine of Porcuna whether King Fernand sent to visite and comfort him for the which Mahumet gaue him infinite thankes saying that he could not be in care so long as he was in the hands of so great and courteous a King whome he had euer desired to serue beeing at his full libertie and to receiue the Crowne of Granado at his hand in the same manner as king Ismael his Grandfather had done from King Iohn And because the King had occasion to go into Castile and also to Arragon King Mahomet deliuered he did determine to deliuer the Moore King the opinions concerning his deliuerie were diuers some agreeing thereunto and others not wherein the master of Saint Iames and the Marquis of Cales were contrarie one to the other Wherefore they sent to haue the Queenes opinion in the matter who therein agreed with the Marquis that he should bee deliuered the prisoner was brought to Cordoua where he wold haue kissed king Fernands hand but he would not permit it the better thereby to oblige him to himselfe hee did there sweare to accomplish whatsoeuer was agreed vppon and he was set at libertie hauing beene honoured with rich presents King Fernand after that went to Victoria from thence he passed into Arragon and going by Guadalupa being a deuout Prince he there performed a vow The Frontier was well furnished and prouided of all things necessarie against the assaults of the Moores yet notwithstanding they hauing notice of the Kings departure out of Andalusia did make diuers roades into the countrey beeing extreamely mooued against King Mahumet in regard he had beene so well intreated by the Catholicke King and was become his vassall and of whom besides other benefites he had promise of aide and assistance against Muley Albohacen his father and they sayd that it was a matter displeasing to God and against all right for the Mahometan Kings to beg any assistance of Christians against the Princes of their owne religion wherefore diuers forsaking him they tooke part with Muley Albohacen and brought him with fiue hundred Knights into the Castle of Alhapubre where he slue all such as were of his sonnes faction who retired himselfe to Almeria Now the army of the Moores beeing strong and resolute to do their worst entred into the marches of Andalusia the Garrisons and chiefe Commanders of the warre being in the citties were foorth-with aduertised thereof by the souldiers called Almogaraues or ordinarie watches of the frontiers therefore Don Lewis Fernandes Porto Carrero Lord of Palmes who was afterward made Earle thereof with the forces of the Master of Saint Iames of the Marquis of Cales those of Eccia Xeres Arcos and others which were gathered together did march against the enemies whome hee found disbanded spoyling and destroying the territorie of Vtrera The Moores defeated at Vtrera whome he charged with such resolution and courage as in an instant they were all defeated and put to flight with losse of diuers of their captaines great numbers of souldiers fifteene ensignes and all their spoyle of which victorie the Queene beeing aduertised shee caused generall processions to bee made in the cittie of Victoria and because this encounter happened vppon the sixth day of lanuarie beeing Twelfth day shee sent a gowne of cloath of gold to the Lord of Palmas wife to the end shee should weare it euery yeare vppon that sollemne festiuall day The Christians in Andalusâ—a hauing this good hap Zahara surprized by the Christians the Marquis of Cales was aduertised that Zahara was ill furnished of souldiers and victuals wherefore hauing
Earle with Martin Alphonso de Cabra Lord of the house of Montemajor was sent before to shut in those of the towne with the forces which he had in Baena then their followed him with foure thousand horse and other forces the Maister of Calatraua the Earle of Buendia and other Knights the King with the rest of the forces came after and the Queene with the whole Court came to Baena Those that went first with the Earle of Cabra beeing arriued on a morning neere to Moclin fell vnawares vpon the King of Granadoes army which was come to Moclin consisting of twenty thousand Moores as well horse as foote who neuerthelesse began to flie as soone as they did see the Christians whom they thought to bee farre more in number then they were but hauing better viewed them they returned and charged them so brauely as they disordered and put them to flight diuers were there slaine and taken The Christians defeated at Moclin the Earle escaped being hurt in the hand with a Harquebuze shot his horse hauing receiued foure wounds with a launce his brother D. Gonçall de Cordoua was slaine the Moores following the chase were staied and constrained to turne their backes by the troupes of the Maister of Calatraua and the Earle of Buendia This newes did greatly displease the Kings who altering their determination left Moclin and turned their forces against Cambill and Alhabar very strong places on the confines of Iaen and within three leagues of the city alwaies well kept and defended by the Kings of Granado The Marquis of Cales with the vantgard did approach neere vnto their forts whether the Artillery was brought with great difficulty and the battery made with all dilligence but they yeelded forthwith and the Moores which were within it were sent away free with their goods into Granado the Queene gaue these two forts to the city of Iaen where the King with the Maister of Saint Iames did determine to strengthen Alhama with foure thousand horse and fiue thousand foot which were appointed for the same purpose The Treasorer of Calatraua beeing gouernor of Alhama was sollicited by a Moore of the garrison of Salea to come thither with his forces and hee did assure him that he would finde meanes to cause him to enter into it the Treasorer hauing first of all well examined the Moore and being assured that he ment no deceite went on a night to Salea where the traitors brother did let downe a rope from the walles and helped to erect the scaling ladders by which the Christians mounted who after a dangerous fight made themselues Maisters of the place the Inhabitants whereof were all made slaues Pope Innocent the eight being daylie aduertized of these goodly victories graunted this yeere to the Kings to raise greater subsidies vpon the Clergy the which were moderated by the Cardinall of Spaine to one hundred thousand golden florins of the coine of Arragon About the end of the yeere the Court leauing Andaluzia came to Alcala de Henares Birth of the Infanta Catherine where Queene Isabell was brought in bed of a daughter named Catherin who was wife to Arthur Prince of Wales heire to the crowne of England and afterward married to his brother King Henry the eight of that name In Alcala which was a place belonging to the Archbishop of Toledo the Alcaides and Prouosts of the Court executing their offices were hindered by the Cardinall who was Archbishop of Toledo Contention betwixt the Archâ—â—shop of Toledo and the Queene who made greeuous complaints to the Queene how her Officers did vsurpe vpon his authority the Queene told him that shee being Soueraigne in Castile and in all other her realmes might execute iustice in any place The matter being debated on both sides it was referred to the compromise and iudgment of fiue persons of the counsell whom the Queene would name and to fiue Channons of the Chapter of Toledo for the Cardinall but the other affaires of Court the short staye thereof at Alcala with other hinderances did end this strife the which remained vndecided Then were the Iudges of the Court discharged of part of the Processes which did abound in all places where the King and Queene went the which were turned ouer to the Chancery at Valiodolit where Don Alphonso de Fonseca Archbishop of Saint Iames was made President with eight Doctors for his Councell During all these warres and businesse Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman of whom wee haue often spoken heretofore had remained in Portugall greatly honoured by King Iohn Hee vnderstanding of the Admirall of Castils death his ancient enemy procured his friends to obtaine his pardon of King Ferdinand and Queene Isabell but beeing aduertised that the matter was now harder to bee effected then before by reason that Don Frederick sonne to the deceased Admirall who had begunne the quarrell was made Admirall in his Fathers place and highly fauoured hee desperately resolued to kill him and to effect his purpose hee departed with leaue from the Court of Portugall and came to Braganca Don Frederick Henriques beeing aduertised by his friends what his enemy did intend hee thought like a wise man that it was not good to hold him still in dispaire and therefore hee sent to Mary Osorio Don Ramir Nugnes mother to let her vnderstand that if shee would come to Valiodolit to sue for her sonnes restitution hee would assist her therein prouided that shee would take order that Don Ramir should returne back from Bragança to the Court of Portugall This Lady beeing desirous to haue her sonne restored to his lands and goods did not loose so fit and vnlookt for an occasion but came to the Admirall with whom after long conference she went to the court being at Alcala de Henares where she obtained but not without difficulty the goods of Don Ramir as depositarie and that hee might returne into Spaine vnder the keeping of the Earle of Feria Don Ramir hauing notice heereof Sentenâ—â— of the quaâ—rell betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Frederick Henriques tooke his leaue of the King of Portugall and came to the Earle of Ferias house where hee remained three yeares vntill his businesse were brought to this conclusion that hee might enioy his goods and marry with his promised wife the daughter to the Earle of Luna but that hee might not goe to his owne lands vntill the King and Queene gaue him leaue Afterward hee was permitted to come into his owne houses vpon condition that during his life he should not come ouer the riuer of Duero such was the end of the quarrell caused by the Ladies of the Court betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Don Frederick Henriques Before the Court departed from Alcala de Henares Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoza Earle of Tendilla and Doctor Iohn de Medina both of them of the Kings Councell were sent Ambassadors into Italy about the warre which was betwixt Ferdinand King of Naples and Pope
point to raise the seege and to cause great forts to bee raised round about it furnished with strong guardes and to strengthen the neigbour garrisons and by these slow meanes to tame the enemies and make them yeeld but because Queene Isabel did greatly desire to see an end of this warre of Granado to whose constancy the pursute thereof and the conquest of that Kingdome The conquest of Granado attributed to Queene Isabeâ—s constancy so long time held by the Infidel is to bee attributed the King craued her opinion who being wonderfully displeased that so dishonorable a resolution should be taken did entreate the King to thinke better thereon and for modesties sake would not vtter her opinion but perceiuing that want of victuals and money was the greatest hinderance they stood vpon which in so long a seege might disaduantage the army shee said that they needed not to doubt any such matter for shee would prouide in such sort as there should be no want of either of them The King knowing the Queenes dilligence in such matters and the desire shee had that Baça might bee taken commaunded the seege should bee continued with all vehemency wherewith the whole army in generall was well pleased wherefore the two campes were disposed and placed a miles distance the one from the other a great trench drawn from one to an other fortified with piles aâ—d fifteene forts of timber and flags where great numbers of souldiars were lodged and by this meanes the city was more streightly shut vp An other trench was drawne from the hils side of two miles long so as the place was enuironed round about in which workes they spent two monthes in all which time they neuer left skirmishing And as diuers Moores distrusting the successe of the seege fled to the Christians campe it was knowne by their meanes how that the city was not well prouided with victualls wherein King Zagall had greatly failed and besides how that they had their water from a fountaine at the foote of the hill called Alboahacen which being taken from them they would be in great want wherefore the King hauing resolued vpon this intelligence to build a fort vpon that hill The Moores being aduertized thereof by some spies did preuent him and they themselues made a fort there for the guarde of their fountaine In the meane space Don Antonio de la Cuena and others ranne vp and downe the country and spoiled the townes and villages neere to Guadix from whence bringing great numbers of cattaile of all sorts the Moores came forth to the reskew of them and there the Christians beganne to stand at a stay and knew not whether it were best to leaue their booty to betake themselues to flight or else to tarry still and defend it valiantly The valour of Hernand Peres de Pulgar encouraged the rest who hanging an hand-kercher vpon the toppe of a pike cried out aloud let those that are no cowards follow this Enseigne and in this sort marching against the Moores they beate them backe with great slaughter and returned victorious to the campe in regarde whereof the King made Hernand Peres Knight and permitted him to beare a white hand-kercher in his armes in token of his valor to his posterity King Muley did oftentimes attempt to victuall Baça but it was in vaine and foreseeing that the end of the Moores reigne in Spaine was at hand his last refuge was by the counsell of his friends to haue recourse to the Soldan of Egipt who in a manner commaunded ouer all the pettie Kings of Affrica vnto whom hee complained of the greedinesse of the Christian King who did vniustly dispossesse him from the Kingdome which his Ancestors had enioyed so long a time whereat the Sultan beeing mooued sent two friers Ambassadors to Pope Innocent of those that dwelt in the Temple of Ierusalem which they call our Sauiours Sepulchre The Soldan of Egipts dilligence in the behalfe of the Spanish Moores to let him vnderstand how that the Kings of Castile did deale vniustly in vexing the Moores that dwelt there by warres wherein if they persisted hee would vse the Christians in the same manner that liued in his countries and dominions the Pope gaue notice thereof to King Fernand and Queene Isabella yet they for all that would not leaue of their deseigne but satisfied the Pope with reasons wherefore they pursued that warre The King of Castile gaue a thousand dueats yeerly rent to the friers at Ierusalem and beeing deuout and charitable Princes they gaue and assigned a yeerely stipend to the friars of a thousand ducats which they enioy and is the fairest reuenue they haue at these daies Besides that the Queene sent a vaile wrought with her owne hand to hang ouer the Sepulchre at Ierusalem During the seege of Baça this yeere 1489. Don Garcia Lopes de Padilla the last Maister of the Knights of Calatraua died The Mastership of Calatraua incorporated to Castile for the Maistership was then incorporated to the Royall crowne of Castile by the Popes authority as not long after those of Saint Iames and Alcantara were remayning euer after in the Kings hands with title of perpetuall administrators thereof for in truth these masters did draw after them by reason of the authority which they had ouer so great a number of Knights all gentlemen of great houses to great a power and to be suspected by the Kings as pernitious to a state where in conclusion they were heads of factions by whom Spaine was many times torne in peeces The Knights of this order were permitted to marry the yeare one thousand fiue hundred and forty by Pope Paul the third From the first institution of this order vntill this time and the death of Don Garcy Lopes de Padilla eight and thirty maisters of the same order are reckoned The siege of Baça had already lasted foure whole moneths without hope of winning it against which the Artillery wrought no great effect for that men in those dayes were not skilfull in the approaches and neere batteries as they are now in these times Neuerthelesse King Ferdinand thinking it would bee a great blemish to his reputation if hee should raise the siege would by no meanes giue it ouer beeing assured that continuance of time would bring the Moores to reason the besieged on the contrary knowing that the losse of Baça would carry with it Almerie and Guadix and so consequently the whole ruine of the Moores state in Spaine did all of them resolue to dye rather then to yeeld And because the trench on the hills side was a great hinderance to them they went out vpon a day to breake and fill it vp where they gaue a very furious assault wherein great numbers on both sides were slaine Wherevpon the King commanded that no man should goe forth to skirmish without leaue and caused all the Moores to depart out of the Campe commanding that all those that should flye forth
most part peopled Moreouer it is certaine and it doth plainely appeere to those that consider things rightly â—iscomm â—ities by the discourse of the weâ—â— Indies that all other regions and states of Europe yea and Spaine it selfe are hurt in many respects for since the plentie of Indian gold al things are more deere and impaired By this mettall which passeth currently with the armes of Spaine Inuention and Industrie are made dull and sleepie and thereby Trueth and Honestie are corrupted By this Indian gold the Kings of Spaine who were wont to entertaine friendship with other Potentates their neighbours are now growne full of contentions They entertaine many souldiers and make continuall leuies beeing neuer without quarrells so as they and their subiects are in continuall troubles as it happens alwayes to those who to afflict others loose their owne quiet and rest By this gold the Kings of Spaine presumed to haue away made to a monarchie in Europe and haue ingaged themselues in vnnecessarie warres vpon diuers pretexts which haue kept backe the Christians forces whilest that the Turke got Hungarie and made other lamentable breaches into Christendome and by this holie or cursed gold Charles the fift Emperour or King of Spaine made warre against the Germans vnder colour of religion though the true cause was to force them to suffer the Empire to be hereditarie in his house Hee vanquished them but not without the aide of other Germans corrupted with his gold hee triumphed ouer all the princes estates and townes of the Empire and thought hee had attained to the height of happinesse but behold Henrie the second the French king staies him sodainely with the valour of his Armes accompanied with Iustice and maketh him desist hearing that the French army approached neere vnto the Rhine the Germans receiued this good turne at that time of the French their friends neighbours and brethren Germany freed froÌ„ seruitude by the French to recouer their libertie and the dignitie of the Empire A worthie and fresh example to shew that Fraunce precedes Spaine in qualities which giue splendor and dignitie to Kings that is in valour accompanied with iustice and in a charitable protectioÌ„ of the oppressed that true riches consist in sufficieÌ„t which is always found in France But who could forbeare to smile to heare the scorching aire the drie barren ground of Spaine preferred before the milde and temperate climate of Fraunce whereas the Spaniards seek reliefe in all their necessities as euerie man knowes what good comparison can be made of the men and fruits which Spain produceth with them of France whereas so many religious actiue and ready wits are bred such goodlie and nimble bodies so curteous and pleasing in behauior of such inuincible courages in all great and difficult enterprises whereas so many great captaines were borne who planted colonies throughout all the world a nation which hath made the Turke to tremble hearing only the name of Franc or French which hath furnished so many Popes soueraigne pastors to the Church and so perfect as the Spaniards cannot compare with them be it in regard of their vertue or number which hath produced so many great emperors fathers of nations amplifiers of the Christian religion sons to so many noble kings of so great antiquitie as no others can attaine vnto it Let the kings of Spaine glorie of the families of the Balthes and Hamales raigning among the Gothes fatall nations which haue brought nothing but miseries and ruines into Europe where in the end they themselues haue bin â—uined and extinct but that the Spaniards would now make them liue againe amongst them But that they are descended by issue male froÌ„ the Merouingians or Carlouingians as some of their feed chroniclers suggest they themselues vant ther is not any but they that speak it their profes are very obscure vain and subiect to many inuented fables The princes of the familie of Austria Beginning of the Kings of Spaine issued from the house of Austria from whence the kings of Spaine at this day are descended are issued as the French said from the earles of Habsbourg the which Earledome was a verie small thing in that part of Germany which is now called Ergow amoÌ„g the Suisses in the yeere 1272. This place of Habsbourg wherof they intitled themselues earles is now a ruinous castle hath often changed master As some report it was one Rapat or Rathoth which layd the first foundations as also of the Abbey of Murre where they find some charters from the which they haue drawne their genealogie since this Rapat vnto Raoul or Rodulphus the fift of that name among those Earles who was chosen emperour of the Romans at such time as there was a great schisme among the Germans they found that this house had bin first brought into credit by a bishop of Strausbourgh brother or neere kinsman to the said Rapat They also shewed by the testimony of some writers that this Rodolphus Earle of Habsbourg was so poore as he was forced for a time to serue as steward to Ottocaire the titularie king of Bohemia and that afterwards ayming at the commodities of the Church he did insinuate himselfe into the fauor of an archbishop of Mentz whom he did accompany in a voyage which he made to Rome and was so gratious with him as at their return finding the princes of Germany strangely diuided into factions for the imperiall dignitie which had bin void aboue 25 yeeres this archbishop caused Rodulphus to be chosen K. of Romans by his credit which was great and by means of the princes contentions who would not yield one vnto another by the same fauour he was easily confirmed by pope Gregory 10 who was then at Lion at a generall Councell Rodulphus hauing attained to this dignitie imployed himselfe happily to pacifie the quarrels of Germany and as he was politike he neglected no occasion to aduance his owne affaires mannaging his good fortune in such sort as he caused the duchies of Austria Sueuia Stiria and Carinthia to fall into his house with the realme of Bohemia for a season and the Landgrauiat of Alsacia with other lands and fees of the Empire the which fell void during the said troubles most of the which haue remained to his posteritie So by these vnexpected euents and contrary to all mens expectations this house of Habsbourg grew famous as God doth sometimes raise the poore and make of a Sheepheard a King when he pleaseth There was some light saied they vnto that time of the house and familie of Austria issued without contradiction from the estates of Habsbourg but whereas Writers seeke to draw their auncestors from the Princes of Austracia of the French race of Merous It is a meer vanitie rashnes for theÌ„ to wander through the desarts of these turbulent times where there is no path nor way to lead them to the knowledge of such
auntient beginnings For the ground whereof they suppose one Sigebert who it may be neuer was froÌ„ whom they would draw the families of the Erles of Habsbourg and others and they say that he was sonne to Theodebert king of Austrasia he that was dispossest of his estate and slaine at the instigation of Queene Brunhalt by Theodoric king of Burgondie she being grandmother to these 2 princes That Theodebert and all his sonnes being slaine except Sigebert who hauing escaped the massacre was sent into high Burgondie beyond Mount Iura where he begat sonnes and daughters and that his issue was dispersed into diuers families of Germanie but the French maintained that this pretended Sigebert was fained and fabulous as doth appeare by the best French writers who say that Brunhalt her selfe slue all the sonnes of Theodebert casting her selfe a little one being in his swathing cloths against the stone whose name was Mâ—rouee Theodoric hiâ— other grandchild being also poisoned by her she punished by Clotaire king of France hauing also rooted out the vnlawfull race of Theodoric he vnited the realmes of Austrasia Burgondie to his crowne afterwards hee gaue Austrasia with the title of a realme to his son Dagobert who comming to that of France inuested his sonne Sigebert who dying king of Austrasia left one onely sonne called Dagobert in the garde of Grimoald Maior of his palace who sent his Pupil into Scotland where hee caused him to bee made a monke and soone after died and then hee caused his owne sonne Hildebert to be crowned king But the French to reuenge this disloyaltie brought an armie against him slew Hildebert and carried the father to Paris where hee died in prison Since which Austrasia and Burgundy were gouerned by Maiors of the Palace or Viceroyes vnto Pepin who was crowned King of Fraunce by reason of the idlenesse of Childeric the last king of the race of the Merouingians not by fraud nor violent vsurpation and much lesse through the fauour approbation or counsell of any Pope as some say but by the election consent of the princes and estates of France and therefore with a more iust title if there be any comparison than that by the which the kings of Spaine doe now hold the realme of Nauarre for it is a fundamentall right which neuer dies among the French to haue libertie to choose their kings prouided alwayes that they goe not out of the masculine line of the blood royall in case of some great incapacitie or for some other important accident which concernes the publique good and preseruation of that crowne state which nation among other good humours cannot endure a strangers commaund no not of their owne princes when they seeke hatefull alliances elsewhere and that contemning the honors and sweetnes of their owne country they affect the manners and fashions of strangers whereof Charles of France duke of Lorraine made trial after the decease of king Lewis the 5 his nephew before whom Hugh Capet was preferred being also a prince of the blood but not so neere whom the French reiected for that he was wholie giuen to the fashions of the Germans which are much more tollerable to the French than those of the Spaniards who seek at this day to pretend a right vnder fained genealogies to quarrell for the crowne of France if opportunitie serue whereupon they did conclude that if their auncesters could not indure a prince of France Germanized they should hardly euer accommodate themselues with princes of the German race but Spaniolized yea transformed into meere Spaniards both by nature and education if they should prooue directly that the house of Austria come from the Earles of Habsbourg were descended from the Merouingians and that pretended Sigebert They added moreouer that if the historians of the house of Austria could prooue that their fained Sigebert had beene in the world and could trace out his posteritie directly to Philip King of Spaine now raigning yet could they not make it appeare that either he or Theodebert his father were capable of the crowne of France by reason of the vncertainty of their blood for that queen Brunhalt reported that Theodebert was a supposed childe and that hee was not brother to Theoderic nor son to king Childebert of the blood of France Moreouer they demanded of these curious searchers of the rights of the house of Austria where these princes descending from the pretended Sigebert were hidden whenas the scepter of the French was transferred into the familie of Charles Martell to Pepin and then to Hugh Capet why did they not shew themselues then or at the least make some solemn protestation to preserue their pretensions rights to the crown of France if they thought they had any For they might haue done it safely especially since that they of Habsbourg came vnto the empire and were growne mighty but it is strange that neuer any prince of that race opened his mouth nor imploied any Chronicler to colour this imaginarie title no not the emperor Charles 5 who wanted no ambition seeking to lay hold of it by force only and the right of coÌ„quests D. Philip his son is the first of his family that talks of this antieÌ„t Merouingian nobilitie hath begun to cause instructions to be drawne to entertain his greedie desire to denour France imploying also with the like designe the aliances made by them of his race with the blood of France by mariages thinking thereby to maintain in the house of Spain some hereditary preteÌ„sions to the realm of France if he had no other support The which in good termes of Law is called to slaunder or to cauill which is when one contends for that which is notorious for euery man knows that the realm of France is no inheritance but a succession of the males by reason of the blood and that it respects not the women being contrary to the inueterate custome of the French Thus the French and their partisans restrained the Antiquity the Nobilitie of the kings of Spaine brought them to the house of Habsbourg in Germanie saying notwithstanding that they of Habsbourg and Austria haue great reason to commend the aliances contracted by marriages with the house of France for if they haue drawne any lustre from the Germane empire in Rodulphius the first and other Emperours of their familie they haue made it perfect by the marriages which some of them haue contracted with the Princesses of the blood of Fraunce witnesse the Emperour Maximilian who hauing married the heire of Burgondie had so great lands and possessions by her besides the companie of a noble ladie as he made a waie thereby for Philip his son and his descendants to attaine vnto their greatnes But comming now to the chiefe points which should be decided in this question propounded in a generall Councell which are the pietie and religion of people their princes and their duties and merits to the church of God and to his ministers
all the royall familie which was to be auoided All which passions together Inquisitors chiefe of the Councell of Spaine were of such force with the king as he beleeued the Inquisitors without whose aduice there is nothing of importance done in Spaine and others which were of that Councel persuading him that it was lawfull expedient to make away the prince his son and the Queene his wife and the child shee went with which they held to be a son but it proued a daughter whereof they caused her to be deliuered with drinks This Historie was thus reported to queene Catherine dowager of France mother to D. Isabella by such as she had imploied to vnderstād the truth therof by some which had serued the prince D. Charles when he was committed to prison who retyring themselues into France she would heare The suspition the king had of the loyaltie of queene Isabell his wife was not for the prince his Son as many haue beleeued for he was as wee haue said insufficient for women And although he would be idle in speech and that there were found among his papers some notes of his owne hand touching that subiect yet carnall pleasures were the least of his desires and as for the Queene there was nothing more modest in Spain by the report of Spaniards themselues who haue written bookes But it hath beene verified by credible informations that her ill-willers which sought her ruin made vse of the notable malice of a French gentlewoman one of those which was suffered to stay with her when as soone after her comming into the countrie they did order her houshold and limit her traine Treacherie a diuelish reuenge They say that this vnworthie woman for that the Queene had giuen away a place which was void to one of her companions hauing promised it vnto her to be reuenged of her Mistres had giuen it out that she had been indiscreetly and scandalously familiar with the Marquesse of Poza who according to the custome of Spain termed himselfe seruant in shew to her that had bene preferred before her This comming to the kings eares was easily beleeued for hee was alreadie in some doubt hee beeing informed by some wayward spirits that this Marquesse who was of the house of Rojas being a gallant knight did talke more familiarly vnto the queen than any other entertained her with pleasant discourses whereat shee did laugh after the maner of France more freely than it seemed fit for their Spanish grauitie This wound being now again toucht the king sought an occasion to haue this Marquesse apprehended commanding him to keepe his house being in Madrid where going one night forth to visit his mother and an vncle of his that was a bishop retyring verie late home in a night-gowne and slippers being accompanied by two pages which carried torches before him he was set vpon by men vnknown and slaine vpon the place There were diuers opinions concerning this murther but most thoght it was done by the kings secret commaundement Death of the Marquesse of Poza although hee seemed to bee much offended For there being a great sum of money promised by proclamation to them that should discouer the authours and doers of this murther there were many bils set vp in the Portugall tongue declaring that it was the king himselfe which had caused the Marquesse of Poza to be slaine challenging him by way of mockerie to pay the money which hee had promised but they had not set to their names Hereupon there was great search made and some Innocents taken and so cruelly tortured as they died being onely suspected for that they were Portugals The Queene soone after the death of the Prince D. Charles began to find herselfe ill with accidents and apparent signes of poison whereof notwithstanding shee did in no sort doubt but tooke light remedies as one that was with child by the order of such as had bin accustomed to giue her phisick The businesse proceeding slowly contrarie to that which they expected the king hauing one night discoursed long with her touching her infirmitie hee told her plainly that she must take some strong purgation and that his Phisitions who by his commandement did looke vnto her had told him that they despaired of her life if she tooke no other phisicked than that she vsed But as she tooke no delight to change her vsuall maner nor to be phisicked by any other than her owne trusting aboue all others in an Apothecarie of hers borne at Blois she excused her selfe vpon her being with childe saying that shee thought it was a Sonne for that shee found herselfe otherwise disposed then she had beene and that they must consider well thereon But being much prest by the king shee said vnto him that shee would doe what hee pleased not thinking that what they intended was so readie But earely the next day in the morning they brought her a drinke a bole and tablets all of one composition as they said but so varied in form to the end she might take that which was least distastfull vnto her She tooke the poison not distrusting any thing vntill she felt her selfe opprest with great pangs which made her be deliuered of a daughter that was some fiue moneths olde after which shee had vomitings and strange voidings which quencht all the force and vigour that remained in her Being neere her end the king came to visit her in a mourning weed seeming to be much afflicted whome she comforted and among other words shee said vnto him That shee reioyced that she was going to a quiet kingdome Speech of the Queen D. Isabell dying to the king not subiect to alteration as worldlie states be that shee did not craue pardon of him knowing in her conscience that shee had neuer willingly offended him She recommended her wiating women and some French officers whom shee had not meanes to recompence for the seruices they had done her and in the end of October on Saint Francis eue she dyed Christian like She was lamented of all Spaine where they did beleeue that this Princesse was a Saint she was assisted in her sickenesse for matters of conscience by the Cardinall of Espinosa Inquisitor generall D. Bernard of Fresueda bishop of Cuenca the kings Confessor Frier Dominicke de Chauas another of the kings Confessors who had also beene to the prince D. Charles and others She was interred in the Monasterie of las Descalsas built at Madrid by the Infanta D. Ioane Mother to D. Sebastian king of Portugall The Gentlewoman which had slaundred her and was the cause of her misfortune was married in the Countrie and died there the lady of honour serued her daughter D. Isabella Clara Eugenia the rest were sent backe into France from whome they vnderstood these particularities A notable example of the practises of Princes Courts of the vanitie and instabilitie of worldlie greatnesse and of the miseries wherein kings plunge themselues by suspitions
gaue money Such as did not obey his commaundements and were slow in comming to the towne hee vsed with all rigour causing their houses to bee opened and their goods to bee sold for the charges of the warre If any rich man within the towne fearing to be taxed or forced to pay mony did seeke to escape he was stayed at the Port stript and put in prison so as the great fauor which Don Antonio had found at his first coming grew now cold His most constant friends were the begging Friars many of which leauing their hoods tooke armes and garded the ports or followed him and made a company in his armie which he sought to rayse of this multitude hauing no other but they shewed themselues mutinous and rebellious when they came to lye in field a practise which Shoo-makers Taylors Mercers Vintners and the other skumme of the people had not beene inured vnto by whome the estate and reputation of Don Antonio were supported who could not bee ignorant of this absurditie but that glorious name of King couered all defects and made all dangers light Hee had sent Diego de Meneses to Cascais with some troupes to gard the passage yet hee did not thinke the enemie would haue past there but rather would haue gone aboue the towne towards Saint Iren where the riuer growes narrow for towards the sea it is very broade but notwithstanding any thing that Meneses could do the Duke of Alba past vnder Cascais at a place called Marines Vechos neither did he euer seeke to hinder his landing nor offer him skirmish so hauing forced Meneses to retire the Duke was master of the field Don Antonio who expected some good seruice from Diego de Meneses had made him Generall of his forces by land and his brother George de Meneses of his armie at sea where he had good Gallions and some other Vessels but growing iealous of George he had taken his charge from him and put him in prison It may bee hee would haue done as much to Diego if hee presented himselfe before him after the Dukes passage but hee put himselfe into the Castle of Cascais which cost him his life Don Antonio King of Portugall must of necessitie issue foorth of Lisbone against the Duke and fight with him for his honour but hee found himselfe very vnfit for it for neyther by faire meanes nor rigour could he gather together at that time aboue a thousand foote and some fiue hundred horse ill appoynted and neuer trayned vp in the warres neither could hee possibly stay them aboue that day for night beeing come most of them returned to the towne to supper for that there was not any breade in his campe The Duke of Alba meaning to attempt Cascais found it abandoned by the inhabitants the castle which was somewhat strong refused to yeeld whereupon it was battered and forced The captaine who commanded there called Antonio Pereira was hanged and his souldiers stript Diego de Meneses was found in this place whose head the Duke caused to be cut off although there were some that did sue for his life The cittie of Lisbon beeing amazed at the taking of Cascais expecting to heare the like of the Castle of S. Iulian which is as it were their key they protested to D. Antonio that they wold make their peace if he did not put himselfe in defence who offred himselfe to go if they wold follow him Then euery man was forced to take armes and go to field euen the Negro slaues of the which there is a great multitude in that Citty so as of one and other hee found himselfe to haue an armie of 8000. men ill armed ill apparelled and ill led for there was scarce one that could execute the office of a Sergeant or place a Sentinell with which troupe he went and camped at Alcantara within fiue miles of S. Iulian which the Duke did beseege and batter which place was yeelded vnto him by Tristanvaz by the perswasion of a woman who had obtayned a safe-conduct from the Duke to draw foorth a daughter of hers with her husband which were within it Cabeça Secca which was a fort built vppon the sand in the midst of the riuer right against S. Iulian was also abandoned to the Duke Army of Don Anâ—onio put to râ—nt So as there was not any thing that could hinder him from camping to the citty gates but Belem and Don Antonio's armie which lay in ther ill-made trenches at Alcantara and kept that bridge the which was forced in it's lodging and put to route by the Duke and chased euen into the towne with some slaughter Don Antonio escaped by flight being hurt but he stayd not there for passing through the town and as it were bidding them farewell whom he could not defend he tooke the way to S. Iren hauing caused his wound to be drest at Sacaben where he might haue bene taken if they had poursued him but he had the good hap to find meanes to retire to Coimbra which of all the townes in the Realme had most resisted King Philip and most disputed their pretended rights It is the onely Vniuersitie of Portugall for all faculties which had giuen aduice and counsell contrarie to the Doctors of Castile The Duke of Alba tooke Belem and soone after the Magistrates of Lisbone came to offer him the keys of the Cittie demaunding their liues and goods the which was promised them for King Philips meaning was to haue it preserued yet they could not preuent it but the goodly suburbe which was vpon the way Lisbone yeelds to K. Philip. was spoyled and all the houses and gardens which were about the cittie whither the Inhabitants had retired themselues by reason of the plague and had carried most of their best moueables thither King Philips gallies which were entred into the riuer tooke them of Portugall and the eleuenth of September that yeare 1580. the Duke of Alba tooke possession in the king his masters name of the citty of Lisbone and made him to be sworne and acknowledged the people crying Real Real for King Philip. Whilst that the Duke of Alba did these exploites in Portugall King Philip was at Badajos whereas he fell so dangerously sick as the Phisitions despayred of his life and it was bruted in Portugall that he was dead so as many Noblemen did put on mourning weedes and among others the King Don Antonio He recouered but his Queene Donna Anna who fell sicke at the same time of a continuall feuer Death of Q. Anne of Castile dyed The newes of the taking of Libone beeing knowne at Court and what had followed many Courtiers sought to disgrace the Duke of Alba's actions accusing him of great negligence to haue suffered Don Antonio to escape they sayd that he was more fitte to destroy then to edifie not knowing how to do his master seruice not to get him the possession of any thing but defiled spoyled and made vnprofitable and with such
of the Colomas his estate house are in the realm of ValeÌ„cia 51 Earle of Ficallo of the house of Gandia and Borias his countie is in Portugall but his estate and house in the Realme of Valencia 52 Earle of Cuba he is of the Henriques of Almanca he hath his countie in Portugall and his estate and house in the realme of Castille 53 Earle of Villamediana he is of the familie of Taxis 54 Earle of Barraja 55 Earle of Mayalde 56 Earle of Mirabel 57 Earle of Galue 58 Earle of Villaflor 59 Earle of Cassarubios 60 Earle of Los Arcos 61 Earle of Salasar 62 Earle of Villalonso 63 Earle of Risco 64 Earle of Malpica 65 Earle of Torrejon Viconts Admirals and Adelantados Vicont of Peralta Vicont del Buli Vicont of Altamira Vicont of Chelba Admirall of Castille Admirall of Arragon Admirall of Valencia Adelantado Maior of Castille Adelantado Maior of Andalusia Adelantado of Galicia Adelantado of Canaria Adelantado of Carsorla Adelantado of the house of Mendosa Masterships of Orders of Knights The great Mastership of Saint Iames. The Mastership of Alcantara The mastership of the Calatraua These three are annexed to the Crowne and the king is perpetuall Gouernor and Administrator of them These be the Dukes Marquesses Earles Admirals and Adelantados which are in the realms of Castille Leon Arragon Nauarre Galicia Valencia and Cattelonia and the other estates of Spaine except Portugal Some haue precisely set downe the reuenues of euerie one of these Noblemen in their relations as if they were immutable but being subiect daily to increase and decrease according to the disposition and frugality of the persons that enioy them I haue wittingly omitted it But thus much I dare boldly say that the nobility of Spain are exceeding rich in their yerely feuenues and if I be not much deceiued they are the richest subiects in reuenues of any country of Christendo me FINIS ⧠A Table of the most memorable things contained in this Historie of Spayne wherein the Reader is to be aduertised of an error escaped in the bodie of the Booke in numbring of the pages from 971 from whence to 972. he shall find them donbled Which obserued will set him right on that he seekes for by this Table ABderramen stemme of the Kings of Maroc 165 Abderramen vsurpes the Soueraigntie of Spaine 175 Aben Mahomet a Moorish king vnder the protection of the King of Castile 369 Accord betwixt the Romanes and the Carthaginians 36 Accord betwixt the k. of Castile his mother 277 Accord betwixt the kings of Castile and Arragon for the diuorce of Queene Elenor 339 Accord betwixt the Kings of Nauar Arrag 366 A concord betwixt the King of Castile and Granado 394 Accord betwixt Alphonso king of Castile and his rebellious subiects 400 Accord betwixt the Estates of Nauarre and Peâ—ro of Arragon 403 Accord betwixt the kings of Maroc Castil 427 Accord betwixt Castile and Portugal by mariage 443. Accord betwixt Granado and Castile 454 Accord betwixt Castile and Nauar 582 Accord betwixt the kings of Castile Arrag 588 Act of the Master of Auiz to make the Castillans odious 603 Accord betwixt the king of Castile and the Duke of Lancaster 614 Accord betwixt the Noblemen of Castile 636 Accord made with the Earle of Giion 648 Accord made by the king of Castile with D. Henry of Arragon 690 Accident happened to the Prince of Portugall and his death 941 Accord betwixt the k. of Castile and Nauar. 740 Accord betwixt D. Iohn king of Arragon and his sonne D. Charles 761 Accusations propounded by the Confederats 781 Accord betwixt king Iohn of Arragon and Leonora his daughter 812 Accord for the gouernment of Spaine 924 Act of constancie of D. Alphonso Perez de Guzman 438 Act of Alphonso of Aguilar against the children of the Earle of Cabra 819 Act of choler done by the D. of Infantasgo 1001 Adrian doth a generous act 121 Adelatamiento of Casorla giuen to the Church of Toledo 365 Aduise of D. Nugno de Lara 397 Adultery punished 550 Admonition of the son to the father 1134 Aduertisements of a Philosopher a Moore to the king of Castile 572 Admonition of the Admirall of Castile to Cardinall Ximenes 949 Approbation of the Order of Saint Ierome by the Pope 586 Admonition of the king of Castile to his sister the Queene of Nauarre 623 Admirall of Castile surpriseth Simancas 819 Admiraltie in Castile and the iurisdiction 993 Aera of Caesar abolished in Arragon 542 Affection of a mother 227 Agility of the Numidian horsemen 143 Affricke a towne in the Realme of Tunes taken by the king 706 Ayre in Sardynia corrupted by nature 22 Admirall of Boniuet enters Guipuscoa with an armie 966 Alario chiefe of the Gothes 130 Alanes and Vandales defeated by the Goths 151 Alcaron of the Barbarians 163 Alphonso king of Ouiedo and Leon leaues the Crowne to become a Monke 199. he repented that he became a Monke 200. hee is beseeged and taken by his owne brother ibid. Alphonso king of Leon a louer of Iustice 226 Alphonso k. of Leon dispossest by his brother 241 D. Almodia poysoned by her sonne-in-law 244 D. Alphonso king of Nauarre seeks to assure himselfe of Castile 270 Almudebar taken from the Moores 272 D. Alphonso king of Nauarre defeated by the Moores and slaine 282 Alphonso Raymond king of Castile crowned Emperor of Spaine 285 Alphonso king of Castile beeing young giuen in gard to the Inhabitants of Auila 310. hee marries Elenor of England 314 Alphonso King of Portugall taken prisoner by the king of Leon 322 Alphonso king of Castile inuades Leon and Nauarre 331 D. Aluar de Lara spoiles the Queene Regent of her authoritie and estate 351 D. Aluaro of Sandy taken prisoner by the Turkes 1092. Aluar de Lara taken prisoner 354 Alphonso of Portugall leaues his lawfull wife 389 D. Alphonso king of Castile disinherirs the children of D. Fernand his eldest sonne 413 Alain Leontine a damnable traytor his end 428 D. Alphonso de la Cerde saluted k. of Castile 440 Alphonso de la Cerde and D. Iohn of Castile contend for the Realme of Castile 440 Allyance renued betwixt Castile Arragon 458 Alcaudete taken by the king of Castile 458 Alphonso de la Cerde quits his interest to Cast. 434 Alaua vnited to the crowne of Castile 488 Alboacon king of Maroc dispossest by his son 519 Alcauala a kind of Impost 527 Don Alphonso Fernand Cornet vnworthily put to death 534 D Alphonso the king of Castiles vncle deliuered out of prison 633 Aluarâ— de Luna and his beginning 670 Alphonso king of Arragon leads an army into Corsica 686 Alphonso de Luna made Constable of Castile 687 Alphonso k. of Arragon fauors a new Schism 688 Aluara de Luna Constable of Castile insolent couetous and trecherous 714 Aluaro de Luna Constable of Castil executed 744 Alphonso king of Arragon inuested in the Realme of Nauar 724 Alphonso of Faiardo punisht for his
Prouence and Bourgongne whereof Charles sonne to the Emperour Lothaire and nephew to Lewis the Gentle was king by whose grant this earle of Cerdagne did for his life-time inioy that title and dignitie whilest that the son of D. Geoffrey who carried the fathers name and was afterwards surnamed the Hairie was bred vp in Flanders in a knights house to whom king Charles had recommended him About the yeare 864 kings Charles died and Prouence came to the hands of the Emperour Lewis the second his brother who also died in the yeare 876 and the empire fell to Charles the Bauld his vncle king of France and by consequence Prouence and Cattelogne which depended thereon during whose empire D. Geoffrey the Hairie being now great came to Barcelone whereas the countesse Almira his mother yet liued by whom he was knowne and made knowne to the chiefe men of Barcelone who had been friends to his deceased father who made no delay to conspire with D. Geoffrey for the killing of the earle D. Salamon the which they did presently effect in the place of Bercas in the yere 877 and by that meanes D. Geoffrey the Hairie was restored to his fathers dignitie Wâ— hilest he was bred vp in the house of this FleÌ„mish knight D. Geoffrey the hairie first earle in proprietie of Barcelone they say he fell in loue with one of his daughters with whom he contracted a secret mariage the which notwithstanding came to the knowledge of the mother who could well conceale it vntill a fit opportunitie Finding himselfe setled in his estate and dignitie at Barcelone he sent for his wife and confest the mariage vnto his father in law who was nothing displeased therwith by whose meanes he obtained pardon for the murther which he had committed on the person of Cont Salamon of the king of France and Emperour Lewis the Stuttering successor to Charles the Bauld his father by whom the Flemmish knight was much fauoured And the Spanish histories report That the Emperour Lewis receiued good seruice from Geoffrey the Hairie in the warres he had against the Normans whither he led a goodly troupe of horse out of Barcelone and shewed great proofes of his valour and conduct so as he was greatly esteemed and beloued And as in a certaine defeat of the Normans he had beene wounded in diuers parts of his bodie so as his Armes were all couered with bloud shewing himselfe in this estate before the Emperour Lewis he besought him to giue him Armes which he and his posteritie might lawfully carrie The Emperour being glad of his demaund stretching forth his foure fingers he dipt them in the bloud which ran from the earls wounds and made foure markes vpon a golden shield which he carried being plaine without any deuice and said vnto him Earle hereafter these shall be your Armes For the which he most humbly thanked the Emperour The Armes of Barcelone and Arragon so as euer since they haue carried foure bloudie strokes which we call Guenles in a field Or. This is the beginning of the Armes of the earles of Barcelone and since kings of Arragon although that their beginning was from Cattelogne He did likewise serue king Charles the Grosse who was Emperour after Lewis the third in his warre against the Normans but in his absence the Moores entred the territorie of Barcelone and committed great spoyles Whereof Cont Geoffrey being aduertised he demaunded leaue and besought the king to grant him men and money to repulse the Infidels out of his gouernement but not able to obtaine it by reason of the weaknesse of his affaires he had a better condition For in consideration of his valour and good seruice king Charles gaue the countie of Barcelone in proprietie to him and to his heires for euer in the yeare 884 Cattelogne giue in proprietie to Geoffrey the Hairâ—e vnder thy soueraigntie of France reseruing onely the soueraigntie to the kings of France the which continued vnto the time of Lewis the ninth We will therefore place this earle for the first of them of Barcelone for that he was a Proprietarie Returning to Barcelone with this grant he brought with him many strange knights with whose helpe he recouered all that which the Moores had vsurped vpon the territories of Barcelone and Cattelogne He is commended for his religion for that he did build to burie himselfe and his successors in the monasterie of our Ladie of Ripol where his eldest sonne Rodolphus made himselfe a Monke who they say was borne in Flanders before the mariage was published and was Abbot of Ripol and afterwards Bishop of Vrgell Others say That this monasterie was founded by D. Geoffrey of Arria his father He had other children by this Flemmish ladie which were D. Geoffrey who died of poison being but young D. Mir who succeeded him in the eastedome D. Suner or Seniofrid who was earle of Vrgel and one daughter He was founder of the monasterie of Monferrat and did many such like workes D. Ordogno second of that name and 14 King of Ouiedo and Leon. 45 TO D. Garcia his brother D. Ordogno had succeeded in the realme of Ouiedo Ouiedo in the yeare 889. The bountie of this prince made the Spaniards thinke that his father D. Alphonso was risen againe he did so well imitate his vertues in all the course of his life His religion after the manner of those times is commended for that hee caused Mondognedo to be made a Bishopricke and did much good to churches He was maried first to D. Munta whom others call D. Eluira by whom hee had foure sonnes D. Sancho D. Alplionso D. Ramir D. Garcia and one daughter D. Ximena whereof D. Alphonso and D. Ramir were kings of Ouiedo For his second wife hee maried D. Arragonde or it may be Radegonde of Gallicia whom he did repudiat for certaine causes Lastly he tooke to wife the Infanta of Nauarre and Arragon D. Sancha or Sanctiua daughter to king D. Garcia Inigo and of D. Vrraca The first exploits of Armes he did were in Galicia when as he was but a pettie king or gouernour ouerrunning the Moores countrey confining vpon him euen vnto Andalousia and carried backe great spoyles with the which he retired safely to Viseo which is at this time in Portugal At the same time Abderramen Moores Abderramen Almansor 8 king of the Moores at Cordoua the third of that name came to bee king of the Moores hee was surnamed Almansor and Ananzer Ledin Alla which signifies Defender of the Law of God Some are of opinion that he was the sonne of Mahumet the sonne of Abdalla to whom hee succeeded against whom D. Ordogno raised an armie and entring the territories of Toledo came and besieged Talauera which is now called de la Roine Hee defeated the succours of Moores which Abderramen sent tooke the Generall of this armie and forced the place and sacked it Wherewith Abderramen being much moued meaning to reuenge it with
interpreted Captaine or protector and defendor of his king Mansor Almansor signifies victorious The proper name of the Miralmumin was Balharabo The Moores in Spaine drew great succours from Affricke in manner of a Croisadoe and vnder the title of religion The first passage of the Moores into the Christians countrey in the raigne of this king was in the yeare 963 at the instance of Roderigo Velasques into Gallicia where he committed infinit spoyles and ruined part of S. Iaques church But the plague being in his campe he was forced to retire and could not wholly ruine the countrey as he had intended The king D. Bermond Leon. and the noblemen of Gallicia after the Moores retrait repaired the spoyles which they had made as well as they could In the meane time the king D. Ramir died without children in the yeare 965 so as the kingdome of Leon came to the king D. Bermond D. Ramir was interred at Destriana a monasterie of a royall foundation and a long time after transported to Astorga S. Iaques church being repaired and newly consecrated D. Pedro of Mansorio the Bishop died and in his place D. Pelagius Diaz was chosen a lewd man Prophane Bishops at Compostella and a contemner of all religion wherefore he was iustly expelled and Vimare his brother aduanced in his stead who for his vices deserued by a just judgement of God to be drowned in the riuer of Minio There was another substituted to him of as bad a life the which was put in prison by the king D. Bermond Thus was the church of S. Iaques still furnished with bad Pastors D. Bermond second of that name 21 King of Leon called the Goutie 15 DOn Bermond Leon. or Veremond or Bermund sonne to king D. Ordogno the third vnited the two realms of Leon and Gallicia being receiued after the death of D. Ramir Anno 965. without any difficultie In the beginning of his raigne Moores or thereabouts Alcorrexi was famous hee was the first Moore of whom any mention is made that was called King of Seuile Seuille a royall seat of the Moores since the Monarchie of the Arabians in Spaine who spoyled all that part of Gallicia which now belongs to Portugal and lyes betwixt the riuers of Duero and Minio and passing on he wasted all the countrey vnto S. Iaques the which he sacked and ruined His armie was infected with the plague as that of Almansor or Mahomad Ibnc Aben Hamur had beene who returned into the territories of Leon and that knight of Alaua aboue mentioned marching with him accompanied with a band of Christians his friends and partisans he defeated the king D. Bermond in battell at the riuer of Estolle beyond Duero and besieged the citie of Leon from whence he was forced to raise his siege by reason of the waters and Winter In the Spring he returned to this siege into the which the king had put an earle called Don Guillen Gonsales gouernour of Gallicia who did his best indeuor to defend it for being sicke in his bed he caused himselfe to be carried in a litter to the place where as the Moores made their greatest attempt and defended it three dayes but in the end not able to resist so great a power the towne was taken Leon the capitall citie of the Christians taken by the Arabians D. Guillen and many other braue men were slaine and the sacke giuen to the souldiers D. Bermond had beene carefull to retire the bodies of kings his predecessors and especially the reliques and other jewels of the temple the which he caused to bee transported to Ouiedo This calamitie happened in the yeare 968 the which fell also vpon Astorga Valence de Campo Sahagun Gordon Albe Lune and other townes which were ruined Then the Moores entring Castille they tooke and sackt the townes of Osma Berlanga Atiensa and other places whereof some were ruined and some made tributarie And with this successe they returned with their victorious armie to Cordoua with great spoyls and which was most lamentable a great number of poore Christian slaues of all sexes and ages and to increase their miseries Diuision of Christians giues an entrie to the Infidels and to aggrauate their guilt they were for the most part so carelesse of God and all religion as they betrayed their brethren and companions vnto the Moores without respect of bloud countrey profession or honour In Castille there was a knight called D. Ruy Velasques Castille lord of Villaren whose sister D. Sancha was maried to D. Gonsal Iuste sonne to that Iuste Gonsales who was issued from a daughter of D. Diego Porcello and who enjoyed the Seigniories of Salas and of Lara D. Gonsal Iuste and D. Sancha his wife had seuen sonnes whom they commonly called the children of Lara or of Salas bred vp in all vertue by a discreet knight called Nugno Salido who was valiant and hardie all which were made knights in one day by the earle D. Garcia Fernandes vnto whom they were allied It happened that D. Ruy de Velasques their vncle by the mothers side maried a ladie borne in Bureua the chiefe towne of which country is Birbiesca her name was D. Lambra allied also to the earle D. Garcia Fernandes she was young indiscreet proud and high minded Whose mariage was celebrated with great pompe in the citie of Burgos whither came many knights from Castille Leon Nauarre and other places and among others D. Gonsal Iuste and his wife D. Sancha with their seuen sonnes assisted During the solemnitie of this mariage which continued fiue weekes the younger brother of the seuen had some vnkind speeches with D. Aluaro Sanches cousen to D. Lambra the Bride who were for that time reconciled by the meanes of the earle D. Garcia and of D. Gonsal Iuste father to one of the contendants But the new maried wife was so incensed for this breach with her cousen as she conceiued a deadly hatred against all the house of Lara The mariage being ended D. Sancha went with her seuen sonnes to accompanie the maried couple to their house at Barbadillo whereas D. Lambra espying one day the younger brother which had the quarell with her cousen in an orchard â—â—sposition of a womaÌ„ inclined to reuenge bathing a Goshawke she commaunded a groome to cast a filthie Cocumber at him to doe him a despight wherewith the knight and his brethren who were present being moued they pursued this groome in such a rage as thinking to saue himselfe by the fauour of his ladie he was slaine neere vnto her who could not saue him At the same time neither D. Ruy Velasques nor D. Gonsales Iuste were with their wiues for they did accompanie the earle D. Garcia who presently after this mariage went to visit his countrey and the forts of Castille but when as they were returned to Barbadillo they vnderstood to their great griefe of this outrage Euerie one retires to his own house D. Lambra mad
him to forget all things past and that from thenceforth hee would remaine his good brother and friend but D. Garcia was so incensed as he would not giue eare to any good counsell wherefore both armies aduancing there was a furious battaile in the which there was much Christian bloud spilt but D. Garcia was so vnfortunate as he was incountred in the charge by two Knights of Nauarre who being discontented with him had retired to D. Fernands army these two ranne vpon him and slue him wherevpon the Nauarrois army was soone put to route and defeated The King D. Fernand did greeue at D. Garcias death and deliuered his bodie to his people to bury it leauing to pursue any but the Moores Death of D. Garcia Sanches King of Nauarre who were come to this warre Such was the end of D. Garcia King of Nauarre in the yeere 1054. hauing raigned twenty yeeres His bodie was interred at Saint Mary the royal in Nagera Hee intitled himselfe King of Pampelone Nagera Alaua Oca Bureua of Castille the Old and of Biscay where intruth he held most part of the country In witnesse whereof there are letters found conteyning that in the yeere 1053. D. Nugno Sanches Earle of Durango and D. Leguncia his wife indowed a church of Saint Augustine the which is now called Saint Augustine of Echauarri nere vnto the place whereas long after the towne of Helorrio was built which letters were confirmed by the King D. Garcia as raigning in that country After this victory the King D. Fernand seized vpon all Castille the Old Castille of the territory of Bureua of Mont Oca and of part of Rioje vnto the waters of the floud Oja which fall from the mountaine of Eucimi Vsurpations of the King of Castille vpon Nauarre where now stands Saint Dominique de la Calçada and fals into Ebro at the towne Haro In confirmation of the Monkes good husbandry mention is made of acontrouersie betwixt the deceased King D. Garcia King of Nauarre and Saint Dominique called of Silos who was a religious man borne at Cagnas in Rioje and of a sheapherd became a Monke hee was bred vp in the Monastery of Saint Emylian of Cogolla where hee tooke the habit of the order of Saint Benet and liued there so religiously as he was made Abbot but for that he was a stout protector of the rights of the Abbay and of their exemptions he fell in disgrace with the King who expelled him out of all his dominions the which hee aftewardes repented This good father went into Castille where D. Fernand receiued him courteously and gaue him commission for the restoring of the Monastery of Saint Sebastian of Silos in the valley of Toblatello the which had beene destroied by the Moores In those times there beganne to bee great fame of the valour of D. Roderigo Diaz D. Roderigo Diaz of Biuar a valiant Knâ—ght called by the Arabians Cid Ruis Diaz against whom he made long and sharpe warres beeing a new knight desirous of honour and ready for all vertuous exercises After that D. Fernand had subiected vnder his obedience the territories of Rioje and Mont Oca which had beene held by the Kings of Nauarre the Moores made many roades thether being their neighbours and did daylie carry away great spoiles whereof they were often stript by Cid Ruis Diaz and amongst others mention is made of a route which he gaue them vpon Mont Oca where he tooke fiue of their commanders or petty Kings the which hee afterwards deliuered vpon ransome and promise of a yeerely tribute This Cid Ruis had a quarrel with D. Gomes Lord of Gormes the which had beene conquered by D. Fernand from the Moores few yeeres before so as entring into Combate D. Gomes was slaine hee lest one daughter called D. Ximena Gomes who made great and continual complaints for the death of her father but soone after shee her selfe intreated the King to make a marriage betwixt her and Cid the which he did and so this Lady was comforted Hee purchased this name of Cid which in the Arabian tongue signifies Lord in the towne of Zamore when as the messengers of these fiue petty Kings aboue mentioned bringing the tribute contracted with them presented in the presence of the King D. Ferdnand Cid a title giuen to Roderigo Diaz they called him Cid Ruis Diaz wherefore the King would haue this braue Knight carry this title still who by his right name was called Roderigo Diaz de Biuar The towne of Calaorra beeing taken by the Moores and recouered againe by the King D. Ferdnand there grew some controuersie betwixt him and D. Ramir King of Arragon for that place for the deciding whereof either should bring a knight to the combate vpon condition that the victor should purchase the right to his party For D. Fernand Cid Ruis Diaz was armed and for the King of Arragon came a knight called Martin Gomez Race of cid Ruis Diaz the author as they say of the house and family of Luna in Arragon Who beeing vanquished and slaine vpon the place Calaorre remained in the iurisdiction of Castille The race of this knight D. Roderigo Diaz descended of Flauin whom others call Layn Caluo Iudge of Castille sonne in law to Nugno Nugnes Rasura who had by his daughter D. Eluira Nugnes Bella or Theresa Bella as some say foure sonnes Fernand Bermond Layn and Diego surnamed Laynes Of Fernand the eldest was borne Layn Fernandes of him Nugno Laynes who begat Diego Laynes father to Cid Ruis Diaz whose mother was called D. Theresa Nugnes daughter to D. Roderigo Aluares Earle and Gouernor of the Asturies by others called D. Nugna Aluares d' Amaya Of Cid Ruis and of D. Ximena Gomes aboue named was borne D. Diego Rodrigues who died in his fathers life time in the warres against the Moores And moreouer they had two daughters D. Eluira and D. Sol whereof mention shal be made in the relation of the affaires of Castille and Nauarre D. Sancho Garcia the fifth of that name and the fifteenth King of Nauarre 5. D. Sancho Garcia Nauarre succeeded D. Garcia Sanches his father in the realme of Nauarre who could not stoppe the course of D. Fernands conquests hauing after the battaile of Atapuerca taken from him a good part of the country which his father enioyed wherefore he made a league with his vncle D. Ramir King of Arragon against D. Fernand King of Castille By this alliance the Spanish authors say that these Kings gaue diuers townes and forts in pawne one to an other and that the King of Nauarre did quit to him of Arragon and to his for euer the townes of Sanguessa Lerda and Ondues This King had to wife a Ladie called D. Plaisance by whom hee had children but there is no certaine mention made of them Hee was of little valour and therefore D. Fernand of Castille his vncle had meanes to restraine him in his Realme of
good termes for shee remained at Leon her owne inheritance so as Sancho durst not attempt any thing against D. Alphonso to whom it was assigned shee beeing dead which was the second yeere of D. Sancho Fernandes King of Castille they sought all occasions to spoile one an other D Garcia King of Galicia began first taking from his sister D. Vrraca Lady of Zamoraja part of her territorie the which hee vsurped D. Sancho King of Castille who demanded no better subiect imbraced his sisters quarrel and for her cause resolued to make warre in Galicia but the Noblemen and Knights of his councel were not of opinion that hee should goe to armes VVarre betwixt the three brethren sonnes to D. Fernand King of Castille for a matter which might bee reconciled by some milder course Amongst those which did contradict the Kings ambitious desire were D. Garcia de Cabra and Cid Ruis Diaz saying that if contrary to their aduice hee were resolued to inuade Galicia hee should first prouide to bee in good termes with D. Alphonso King of Leon that hee might haue free passage for his army through his country and to conduct his victuals and munition from Castille into Galicia To this end the two Kings had two enteruewes at Sahagun where in the beginning D. Alphonso seemed vntractable yet in the end hee yeelded to giue his brother D. Sancho passage and whatsoeuer hee demaunded wherefore in the yeere 1071. warre was begunne against the King D. Garcia who had recourse vnto his brother D. Alphonso of Leon to bee aided by him but hee excused himselfe saying that hee would remaine indifferent D. Garcia King of Galicia dispossest aâ—d not deale for the one nor the other so as D. Sancho entring Galicia with great forces after many incounters hee became master thereof dispossest his brother of all his country and tooke him prisoner So the raigne of this King ended the fourth yeere after his comming to it yet some authors say that this was done after D. Sancho had dispossest his brother D. Alphonso of the Kingdome of Leon and forced him to become a Monke and to take vpon him the habit of Saint Benet the which they report after this manner D. Sancho beeing discontented with the diuision of portions which D. Fernand had made betwixt him and his brethren thinking that they had done him wrong to take from him the soueraignty of these Kingdomes being the eldest As soone as D. Sancha their mother was dead hee set vpon his brother D. Alphonso King of Leon and at his first entry wonne a battaile at a place called Plantaca but the Leonois rallied againe together they gaue an other battaile to D. Sancho and defeated him vpon the riuer of Carrion neere to Gulpejora whereas the King D. Alphonso commanded that they should not pursue the Castillans Then was Cid Ruis Diaz in D. Sanchos army as his vassall who excusing this losse with good reasons and comforting his King hee reuiued his courage so as hauing gathered his troupes together D. Alphonso King of Leon dispossest by his brother he came and charged the Leonois the morning following beeing heauy with sleepe hauing made good cheere for their victory gotten the day before and not doubting any enemy putting them all in disorder and to a shamefull flight hauing slaine and taken many then hee pursued this aduantage in such manner as hee besieged the King D. Alphonso in Saint Maries Church of Carrion where he thought to saue himselfe and carried him away prisoner to Burgos A while after at the sute and instance of D. Vrraca sister to these Kings and of D. Pedro Ansures hee was set at liberty vpon condition that hee should goe into the Monasterie of Sahagun and take vpon him the habit of Saint Benet but hee staied not long there beeing forced to enter into it for by the aduice of the same D. Pedro Ansures Hospitality of King Almâ—non a Moore hee left Sahagun and went to Toledo to King Almenâ—n or Almeon a Moore who receiued him verie courteously and intreated him honourably whilest hee remained with him hauing taking an oth of fidelitie of him Hee lodged him in a faire great house neere vnto his Palace which they imagine was in that place where as now the Monasterie of religious women of the conception doth stand to the end that hee might there enioy the company of the Christian Musarabes which dwelt in that city Thether came three Knights sent from his sister Vrraca to keepe him company D. Pedro D. Gonçal and D. Fernand Ansures brethren of the country of Leon who brought with them many other Christians the which were entertained by the King Almenon During this exile D. Alphonso gaue himselfe to hunting and country sports and taking great delight in a certaine place of the territory of Toledo where there were the ruines of old buildings the King D. Almenon to gratefie him gaue him leaue to build them vp againe and to plant it with Christians the which is at this day called Brihuega yet D. Alphonso grew to bee suspected of the Moores who feared that hee sought meanes to seize vpon the citie of Toledo wherevpon Almenon was perswaded to kill him notwithstanding hee would not violate the lawes of Hospitality although hee were a Mahumetiste but was content onely to take a new oth of him Whilest that the King D. Alphonso past his time thus in exile D. Sancho his brother made himselfe maister of the citie and of all the Kingdome of Leon where hee caused himselfe to bee crowned King Hee beeing thus dispossest they say hee went against D. Garcia King of Galicia to intreat him after the same manner The diuision which was then in Galicia betwixt the King and a great part of his Nobility made the enterprise more easie for D. Garcia beeing growne a tyrant spoyling and intreating his subiects vnworthely hee gouerned himselfe after the appetit of a slaue more then was fit This woman who some say was a slaue infranchised put the Nobilitie and gentrie in fauour or disgrace with the King most commonly by false reportes as shee pleased which was the cause of many inconueniences So as in the end growing insupportable certaine knights slue her in the Kings presence Vpon this occasion the Nobilitie was diuided and the Realme full of troubles and factions some following the Kings party who would reuenge this murther and others sâ—pporting the murtherers The affaires beeing in this Estate the King D. Sancho entered Galicia with a mighty army against whom D. Garcia finding himselfe too weake D. Garcia King of Galicia made a prey to his enemy by reason of his tyranies hee abandoned his country and had recourse vnto the Moores demaunding aide of them for the recouery thereof promising to make them sharers of that which hee should get from D. Sancho his brother but the Moores answered him wisely that hee who had not the heart to defend his owne should not bee able
hee entred the cittie in great triumph the 25. of May 1083. An. 1083. the tenth yeare of his raigne which they accounted 1121. of the Aera of Caesar and of the foundation of the sayd cittie as some will haue it 1673. The taking of this great and mightie cittie Antiquity of Toledo did generally amaze all the petty Kings of the Moores in Spaine and did so animate the Christians as they had euer after great aduantages Their ambitious discord was the cause of their declining hauing estranged them from the Miralmumins of Africke and then banded them among themselues So that as many townes and forts as were held by the Moores so many pettie Kings were there of them in Spaine At this time their estate had the greatest checke that euer it had since they entred and it did not onely augment the lands and Seigneuries of the king D. Alphonso but it also wonne him great honor and reputation as well is Spaine as with all other nations Christians and Mahumetists Here the Spanish authors faile not to relate an apparition of Saint Isidore Apparition of S. Isidore vnto D. Cebrian Bishop of Leon saying That the king beeing tyred with the tediousnesse and difficultie of this seege and almost out of hope to take the cittie this bishop was aduertised that within fifteene dayes the king D. Alphonso should enter a conqueror as it fell out notwithstanding the same authors find it strange how the king beeing assured by this reuelation would grant those articles aboue-mentioned to the Moores especially to leaue the great Mosquee for the exercise of their superstition By the conquest of this great cittie Townes yelded to D. Alphonso there came into the King of Castiles power without any resistance the townes of Magueda Escalona Illescas Canales Olmos Talauera Coria Consuegra Mora Buytrago Hita Medina Celi Atiença Berlanga Guadalajara and by this meanes were also assured the townes of Salamanca Auila Segobia Osma Sepulueda Coca Cuellar Roa and Olmedo the cittie of Toledo seruing as a rampar and fort to all that lies betwixt it Atiença and Medina Celi and by consequence to Palença Coria and citty Roderigues so as all that was within that circuit began to bee repaired and re-edified the inhabitants beeing freed from their great feare of the Moores The first worke which the king D. Alphonso did after the taking of Toledo Gouernor put into Toledo was to repayre the castell forts and bridges giuing the gouernement thereof to Cid Ruis Diaz with a garrison of a thousand Gentlemen Castillans The house and family of them of Toledo which is famous in Spaine is deriued from a Grecian knight called Peter Paleologue who came to serue D. Alphonso at the seege of this city Family of Toledo in Castill Primacie restored to Toledo but there are apparent arguments that the name of the family of Toledo is more ancient for there is a â—ombe to be seene in the royall Monasterie of Ogna of a knight called D. Gutiere Rode rigues of Toledo who had beene Chamberlaine to D. Sancho Earle of Castile who died in the yeare 990. of this D. Peter they say issued a sonne called D. Illian Peres of him D. Peter Illian of D. Peter D. Esteuan Illian whose image is to be seene on horsbacke in the church of that cittie Don Esteuan begat Don Iâ—an Esteuanez from whom issued Don Gonçalo Iaime of Toledo who lyes buried in Saint Romaines church built in the highest part of the cittie by D. Esteuan Illian D. Vrraca the King D. Alphonsos sister beeing deceased this yeare 1083. Zamora whereof she was Ladie was re-united to the crowne of Castile As king D. Alphonso desired nothing more then to order things belonging to religion Riches of the church of Toledo and the seruice of God in a great assembly of Noblemen and Prelates made to that end restored the Primacie and Archiepiscopall seate of Spaine to the church of Toledo as it had beene in the time of the Kings of the Gothes and there was chosen for Archbishop a reuerent religious man of the Order of S. Bennet called Friar Bernard a French-man borne who had beene sent some yeares before into Spaine by Hugo Abbot of Clugny at the request of D. Alphonso for the reformation of the Monasterie of Sahagun which at that time was the chiefe of all the Monasteries of Spaine this Friar Bernard was found so sufficient for his learning and integritie of life as he was held worthy to be preferred before all the Bishops and Abbots of the countrie to the primacie of Spaine which sea beginning by this King D. Alphonso was so inriched by all the kings and chiefe Noble-men of Spaine as besides the primacie and head Chancerie of Castile which it hath gotten we may now say that next vnto the Pope hee is the richest Prelate in Christendome Debate for the primacie of Spaine Since that time the church of Toledo hath beene in great credit and authoritie among all those of Europe and is serued with an incredible number of Clerkes for besides the Archbishop 14. dignities 40. Chanoins with Prebends and 50. Portionists and other extraordinarie Chanoins there are so many Priests Chaplaines Clerkes Chantres and other Officers that haue fee as they exceed 600. bâ—eing very rich moreouer in Iewels and plate The first Arch-bishop of Toledo is called Eugenâ—us the Martyr from whom to Frian Bartholomew Carrança of Miranda who was in our time they number 76. The Archbishops of Tarragone and Braga contend with him of Toledo for the primacie neither will the Archbishops of S. Iaquâ—s Sarragossa acknowledge him for primate which quarrell I leaue vnto theÌ„ selues To returne to our Historie Moores after that king Hiaja Alcadurbile had lost Toledo he went into the territorie of Valencia the which was held by Abubacar terming himselfe king of that place being but Conernor some yeares before vnder the kings of Toledo This Abubacar was discreet and wise and had gouerned that towne vpâ—ightly many yeares who to assure his vsurped estate had giuen his daughter in mariage to Amet Aben-Hut king of Sarragossa successor to Zuleima About the taking of Toledo or soone after he died leauing two of his sons for successors who fell to so great discord and by reason of them the people as Aboâ—ca Aben-Lope Captaine of the fort fore-seeing the ruine of these two young Princes fearing that these diuisions would make them fall into the hands of the kings of Castile was readie to abandon the place and to retire to Moruiedro and other lands in that quarter Seditions and trecheries among the Moores of Spaine which were his but beeing better aduised by a Secretarie a Moore called Mahomad Aben-Hay hee stayed still to see what would bee the end of these factions of Valencia some were of opinion rather then to yeeld vnto their adueâ—saries to giue themselues vnto the king of Sarragossa others to him that had beene king of Toledo
Castro This was the posteritie of King D. Alphonso of Castile About the yeare 1132. he made his eldest sonne D. Sancho a Knight on Saint Mathias day vpon the which he also gaue the towne of Vra to the Monasterie of Saint Dominicke of Silos It was about this time that Don Alphonso the Warriour Nauarre and Arragon King of Nauarre who alwayes called himselfe Emperour of Spaine had certaine quarrels with them that dwelt on this side the Pyrenees towards France in the Duchie of Guienne the occasion beeing concealed by the Authors is not knowne to vs but that wee may coniecture hee would fauour Don Alphonso Earle of Tholousa and Saint Giles from whome VVilliam Earle of Poictiers detained his liuing Bayonne taken but whatsoeuer mooued him hee beseeged Bayonne the which hee tooke with little danger and difficulty extending his limits much on that side During this seege he made his last will and restament and as hee was alwaies enuironed with Bishops who forgot not themselues in such oportunities beeing also very deuout D. Alphonsos Tetlamen and seasoned with an opinion that sinnes are wiped away and punishments redeemed by gifts and foundations of rents and reuenues to Churches Hee gaue vnto the great Church of Pampelona and to the Monasterie of Leyre the towne and Castell of Estella to enioy the moytie thereof with all the rights profites and commodities To the Monasteries of Saint Mary of Nagera and of Saint Aemilian of Cogolla he gane the towne of Nagera and Tubie with the castels To the Monasterie of Saint Dominicke of Silos hee gaue the Towne of Sanguessa together with the castell and the two boroughs the old and new To that of Saint Saluadour of Ogna the towne and territorie of Villorado To the Monasteries of Iean de la Pegna and of Saint Peter of Ceresa and to the Cathedrall churches of Saint Iames in Galicia and of Saint Sauiour of Quiedo he gaue many Legacies of great consequence but the most important was that which he gaue to the religious of the holy Sepulcher and to the knights of the Temple A prodigious clause in D. Alphonsos testament and the hospitaliers of Ierusalem of both his Realmes of Nauarre and Arragon and whatsoeuer else he should conquer from the Moores ordaining in particular that his armes and horse should be sent to the Knights of the Temple The King gaue all these prodigious Legacies vpon a wonderfull superstition together with a hatred which he bare to them of his bloud finding himselfe old and without any heires of his bodie but there were but few put in execution beeing so preiudiciall to the Christians estate in Spaine and would haue beene the seed of diuision and wars betwixt the Princes yet his testament was made with all solemnities and fortified with the paines and threates which were in vse in that age Beeing returned into his countries he ordained a seueral court or iurisdiction for the Inhabitants of Calatajub granting them many priuiledges and immunities and ordaining that the reuenues of the Clergie should be hereditarie to the end that the inhabitants and such as were borne there might onely enioy them as in our time in Castile those do which are of the Bishoprickes of Calaorra Calçada Bourgos and Plaisance and in many places of the Bishopricke of Pampelone In the beginning of the yeare 1133. An. 1133. this King and Emperour of Spaine Assembly at Sarragossa called an assembly of the Bishops and Noblemen of his country at Sarragossa to resolue vpon the warre against the Moores Among those which were there present they name the infant D. Garcia Ramires Lord of Monçon the right heire of Nauarre Rotron Earle of Perche Lord of Tudele D. Sancho de Roses bishop of Pampelone another D. Sancho Bishop of Calaorra D. Garcia Guerra Bishop of Sarragossa D. Michel of Tarrassone and D. Arnould of Husfca Expedition against the Moores vnfortunate with many other great personages both Clergie and Secular There they concluded to make warre against the Infidels enemies to the Christians vsurpers of the countrie of Spaine and withall order was giuen for all things necessarie for so great an enterprise leuies of souldiers were made and Commissaries sent out for victuals carriages boates and other things necessarie for the conduct of munition victuals instruments and engines of batterie with great prouision of arms and all that was needfull for so great an army The King D. Alphonso the warriour hauing resolued to root out the Moores hee began on this side Ebro to assayle them of Lerida and Fraga from whome hee tooke the towne of Mequinença by composition being at that time exceeding strong and valiantly defended by the Moores from thence he came before Fraga a towne well fortified and strong by nature seated vpon the riuer of Cinca the which he began to presse about August and there made a long and fruitlesse stay so as winter approching hee was forced to raise his seege hauing an intent to returne in the Spring the which hee did in Februarie An. 1134. If the place were strong before the Moores had so fortified it during the winter as they had made it impregnable when as they retired the beseeged taking courage as wel by the retreat of the Christians as by some succors which they had from about Lerida they went to field and charged the rereward of the Nauarrois army whom they forced to turne head and to fight with all his forces There was the king D. Alphonso vanquished Alphonso king of Nauarre vanquished by the Moores the which was strange and of hard digestion to him who hauing beene accustomed to beate his enemies euer since he commaunded an armie Wherefore he retired wonderfully perplexed hauing lost that day many Christians and among others many valiant Knights and great personages of his Realmes of Nauarre and Arragon The Moores growne proud with this victorie and that they had chased the king out of their limits entred into his countrie putting all to fire and sword which they could not carrie away with them and came as farre as Monçon wherewith the king being incensed he thrust himselfe into a calamitie vnworthie of so great and wise a Captaine as he had alwaies shewed himselfe But we striue in vaine against the will of heauen and worldly man doth in vaine call backe good fortune which hath once turned her fact from him for his sinnes which hee doth not vouchsafe to acknowledge His troupes being dispersed and euery one retired to his house after this route he called those that were neerest vnto him and attending a conuenient number to attend his person hee went in all hast beeing old and broken with foure hundred horse to pursue these Moores who carried away a great prey and an infinit number of Christians prisoners hauing ouertaken them neere vnto their fort of Fraga hee found his owne error and would gladly haue retired but it was to late for the Moores descouering the
and had a Lieutenant called Raderigo Pelaes a wise Knight About that time died D. Roderigo Gomes sonne to Don Gomes of Candespina one of the greatest Noblemen in Castile whose Tombe is yet to be seene in the Cloyster of Saint Sauuiour of Ogna and the towne of Surâ—ta was peopled with Christians Musarabes which came out of Calatajub Sarragossa and other parts of Arragon The Earle Don Raymond Berenger sought all meanes possible to seaze vppon Nauarre Arragon so desirous he was to ioyne it vnto Arragon importuning the Emperour Don Alphonso continually to declare himselfe an open enemie to D. Sancho so as in the yeare 1156. 1156. there was a new League made betwixt them to vndertake this warre where among other Articles for the better fortifying of their friendship there was a future marriage concluded betwixt Don Raymond the young Infant of Arragon who was afterwards called Don Alphonso and D. Sancho daughter to the Emperour Don Alphonso by his second wife Dona Rica daughter to Vladislaus king of Pologne whom he had married in the yeare 1151. yet they could neuer perswade the Emperour Don Alphonso to hurt the king of Nauarre whom he loued but rather assisted him vnderhand The same League was renued at Toledo in the yeare 1157. after Don Raymonds returne out of Prouence The occasion of which voyage was to defend his Nephew heire to his Brother Don Berenerg Raymond who beeing in a manner dispossest of his Estate by the enemies of their house which had slaine his father in an incounter had need of his ayde Hee repulsed the young Earles enemies assured his Estates and brought him into Cattelogne there to bee brought vp And for that in those troubles of Prouence the Knights and Commanders of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem who were growne mercenarie in these Christian warres did intermeddle hee gaue them large reuenues in Cattelogne After the renewing of this League we find no mention of any worthie act done by this earle but that hee debaucht some faithlesse and trecherous Knights which fled out of Nauarre and Arragon yea one of the greatest called Garcia Almorauit who came vnto him to Lerida and there made himselfe his vassall and receiued from the Earle the title of Lord of Ronceuaux Vrros and Obanos which were not in his power wherefore it is to be presumed that from that time hee sought to gouerne his Estates peaceably seeing he could not get the Crowne of Nauarre and with this desire he ended his dayes after all his vaine attempts against this Kingdome Soone after this last assembly at Toledo the king of Castile was ingaged in warre against the Moores of Andalusia which made him perchance neglect that of Nauarre besides He did not greatly affect it 19 The troubles of Affricke beeing past as we haue sayd Moores Abdelmon established Miralmumin of the Arabians and the Almohades in credit by the ruine of the Almorauides The Preacher Almohadi would also haue the Moores of Spaine submit themselues to this yoake wherefore leauing Aben Thumert the Astrologian at Maroc hee past with Abdelmon into Spaine with great numbers of souldiers beeing puft vp with pride by their late victorie against their enemies They found no great resistance there for the pettie Kings and Gouernors of Prouinces and townes in Spaine beeing prest by the Christians and too weake to make head against them seeing the race of the Almorauides of Affricke extinct from whom they might haue expected some succors they sought nothing more then support to maintaine themselues in their authoritie and greatnesse Change of Religion among the Arabians in Spaine which is most commonly the chiefe god of great men of this world and therefore as men which regarded not Religion but for a colour and for their owne priuate commodities so as leauing the interpretation of the Alcaron they embraced the new doctrine of Almohadi without any opposition thinking to preserue themselues by that meanes And as this Impostor did vomit foorth greater blasphemies and impieties then his Predecessors had done against the true Religion they became violent and furious persecutors of the Christians so as the poore Musarabes who had had some peace of conscience liuing among the Moores and had there exercised their religion without any violence done vnto them for many yeares were in great perplexitie beeing now persecuted by these new Sectaries of Almohadi both in their persons and goods with all kind of rigor for that they would not yeeld to their superstitions so as either by the reuolts or by death or by the continuall flying away of these poore people all the townes of Spaine which were held by the Moores were vnpeopled of Christians Chrisâ—ians persecuted by the Moâ—â—es in Spaine who for aboue 400. yeares had preserued themselues inuoking though with little knowledge the name of Iesus Christ. The gouernement of the Almohades in Spaine continued in Abdelmon and his successors 52. yeares vntill that notable battle in the fields of Tholousa called by another name of the mountaines of Muradal or of Vbeda Abdelmon hauing aspired to that which he pretended held his royall seate in the cittie of Maroc and shewed himself a profitable Prince and pleasing to the Mores notwithstanding that he was a Potters sonne and for his chiefe Councellors the Astrologian Aben Thumert and the Preacher Almohadi who dying within few months after this conquest was by the commandement of King Abdelmon buried with pompe and royall honours in a sumptuous Tombe neare vnto the cittie of Maroc whereas since the foolish multitude holding him to be some great Prophet and a messenger of God made prayers and vowes in all their necessities as amongst the Christians they had recourse vpon all occasions to the sepulchers either true or fained of Apostles holy Confessors and Marryrs of the name of Iesus Christ. This passage of the Almohades bred a great alteration in Spaine whereas many Moores which held their countries in fee and homage of Christian Princes reuolted The Emperour D. Alphonso led first an armie of Christians against this new Estate Castile Death of the Emperor D. Alphonso in the yeare 1157. beeing accompanied by his two sons D. Sancho and D. Fernand who had the titles of Kings in Andalusia he recouered the towne of Baeça which had beene lost and tooke Quesada and Andujar But he did not long enioy this victorie with his subiects for bringing backe his armie towards Toledo hee fell suddenly sicke the which as he past the mountaine or streight of Muradal did so increase as hee was forced to light at a place called Fresnedas where he dyed in the armes of D. Iohn Archbishop of Toledo and of his sonne D. Fernand D. Sancho remayning behind to guard those places which he had newly conquered Hee was a worthie Prince but too ambitious a great fauourer and benefactor of the Clergie a friend to the people and a seuere punisher of the insolencies of great men of whom the Spaniards write this
most stately of all Spaine was to be peopled anew if they would keepe it wherefore there were chiefe men appointed by the king D. Iames to distribute the houses and buildings lands and possessions to the new Colonie which was sent out of the countries of Cattelogne and Arragon These were D. Berenger Palatiol Bishop of Barcelone D. Vidal Canelia Bishop of Huesca Don Pedro Fernandes d' Açagra and Don Symon d' Vrraca knights who disposed of the places vnto those that should people this great citty according vnto euery mans ranke dignity and merit There were 380. heads of families among other men of marke or old souldiers hauing faithfully and valiantly carried armes as well at this seege as in former warres then to this effect inrolled to hold the first place and prerogatiue among the Inhabitants thereof and there were priâ—ate lawes made for them of Valencia yet the Gentlemen of Arragon who were appointed for this new Colony did insist that they and their inheritors might enioy the priuiledges of Arragon the which did afterwards breed trobles and dissentions betwixt them and the rest of the people The Episcopall sea was restored to this citty and D. Ferrier of S Martin was the first bishop being made subiect to the Arch bishop of Tarragone notwithstanding that in the Goths time that church did acknowledge the Metropolitan of Toledo D. Roderigo Lizana was madeâ—the first Viceroy of Valencia by the king D. Iames there were many Christian families found in it who did exercise their religion in the church of S. Sepulcher called at this day S Bartholomew It was then of a round forme and but weakly walled at this day it is enlarged and made square and hath 12. gates where as it had but 4. The chiefe citty of this realme beeing now in the power of the king of Arragon he soone recouered all the other places and forts which was a goodly conquest and a great increase to his other Estates The other places continued peopled with the ancient inhabitants who were contented to liue vnder the king of Arragon enioying their religion The affaires of Spain being in this estate Castile D. Fernand king of Castile after the death of D. Beatrix his wife married a French Lady called Ieanne daughter to Symon Earle of Ponthieu who was somewhat allyed to the house of Castile by the mothers side for that her mother wife to Cont Symon called Mary was daughter to Adella Countesse of Ponthâ—eu grand-child to king Lewis the 7. and D. Isabella of Castile daughter to the Emperor D. Alphonso 〈…〉 This Lady was very mild and greatly beloued and honored of the Spaniards The king had by her the Infant D. Fernand surnamed of Ponthieu one daughter called D. Leonora and another son whose name was D. Louis The marriage being consumated the king led his new spouse through the townes of Castile and Leon whereas great honours were done vnto her In the meane time he disposed of all necessarie prouisions vpon the Mores fronters where they were continually annoyed by their incursions to preuent the which the Gouernor D. Aluaro Perez de Castro a wise and politick Captaine omitted not any thing that might concerne the duty 〈…〉 charge The Mores were so insolent vnder their new king Mahomad Aben-Alhamar as D. Aluaro Perez was forced to come in person to confer with the king at Aillon and to acquaint him with the affaires of that fronter where the Mores were the stronger and had a little before his departure beseeged Martoâ— the which without the succors which D. Tello Alphonso de Meneses brought had bin taken and in it his wife whom he had left there Wherupon the king commanded he should be supplyed with all things that were needfull but as this knight returned into Andalusia he dyed at Orgas in the yeare 1239. whose losse was great and at the same time there dyed also D. Lope Diaz de Haro another valiant and wise knight leauing one sonne heire of the â—eigneurie of Biscay and other lands called D. Diego Lopes the 3. of that name The good successe which the kings of Spaine had in their conquests made them and their subiects the more superstitioâ—s They of Arragon shewed great deuotin at that time to an image which was found during the war of Valence to the which there was a Monastery built at Puig and it recommended to the Monks called de la Merced Then was the Episcopall seate of Calaorra remooued to S. Dominick de la Calçada by the procurement of D. Iohn Perez the bishop who spared not his paines to go to Rome where he obtained whâ—t he pretended from Pope Gregory the 9. the holy Father prouiding and giuing power vnto the Bishop to taxe his Diocesses for the defraying of his charges If this touched the glory of God or the edification of his church let the wise iudge bâ—t this did not hold for some yeares after the church of Calaorra was restored to her former dignitie and yet that of â— Dominick remained a Cathedral being in former time but a Collegial yet one bishop holding both vnto ourtime At that time there liued a Doctor called Hugues Candido a lacobin of whom Spaine makes great account After the death of D. Aluaro de Castro the king of Castile hauing led an army in person into Andalusia and giuen order for the safe keeping of the citty of Cordoua he tooke partly by force paâ—tly by feare Townes and castels taken froÌ„ the Mores and partly by accord the citty of Eccia and the townes of Estepa Almodoual del Rio Siettefilla Lucena Luque Porcuna Cote Moron Castellar Marchena Coeros Cabra Osuna Baena Monraquilar Tenexir Ballar Bute Morgu Pardal Cafra Ornachuelos Mirabel Fuenteçumel Moratilla and S. Ella most of which places the knights of Calatraua they of S. Iames and the Prelates obtained from the king and was giuen to the Noblemen and knights The kings affairs were much aduanced by the taking of a Moore Almohade who had past out of Affrick into Spaine to challenge that which the kings of his race had enioyed there Caid Arrax then raigned at Maroc beeing grand child to Aben-Mahomad the Greene borne at Bufax who dyed while his father liued In the yeare 1240. a truce was made betwixt the king of Castile and Mahomad Aben-Alamar of Arjona who raigned in Granado Vntill this time Don Roderigo the Archbishop and Primate hath written the historie or Chronicle of Spaine The title which Don Fernand king of Castile gaue himselfe at that time was king of Castile Toledo Leon Galicia Cordoua and Baeça leauing that of Nagera and other small places for the which he tooke those of the great townes which he had conquered from the Moores Hee gaue the like titles to the Queenes his mother and wife as it appeares by that which was written of him in Latin the same yeare as the custome was then where particular mention is made of the infants D. Alphonso and D. Frederick
the towne of Carrion the weeke before Easter whether the Earle D. Lope Diaz came well accompanied he complained vnto him of the excesse which his sonne in law D. Iohn had done to whom the Earle answered proudly Speech audatious of the Earl D. Lope Diaz de Haro that hee had not done any thing but what he had aduised him and that if hee would heare the Infants reasons hee should goe to Vailledolit and hee would bring him to Cigales This proud manner of speech of the Earles seemed strange vnto the King and increased his desire to punish them both Notwithstanding he went to Vailledolit and the Earle with his sonne in law came to Cigales not daring to come in the Kings presence in any great towne There the Deputies of either part did confer dayly at a place called Loueruela whereas these iarres were somewhat reconciled wherevpon the King came towards the frontiers of Arragon to treat with the King D. Alphonso touching the deliuery of his Nephewes the sonnes of La Cerde whereof hee was much sollicited euen by the Earle D. Lope Diaz Notwithstanding before the King D. Sancho could approch nere to Tarassone where the King of Arragon was the Earle had preuented him who hauing spoken with the King of Arragon hee reported vnto his maister that he found by the way that the King of Arragon would not be pleased with this kinde of enterview and therefore hee had no need to passe any farther The Earle finding himselfe somewhat crost by the enterview of the King D. Sancho and him of Portugal did also thinke that this would bee nothing fauorable vnto him 6 As for D. Arragon Alphonso of Arragon whom we haue left carefull to execute the charge which the King his father had giuen him to dispossesse the King D. Iames his vncle of the Islands of Majorca and Minorca after the conquest thereof hee had brought backe his victorious army to Valencia and there was receiued and acknowledged for King by the Valentians Yet he was admonished by D. Bernard William Entenza and Symon of Vrrea Ambassadors for the Estates of Vrrea to come speedily to the assembly at Saragossa where hauing sworne and promised the obseruation of the customes rights and preuiledges of the country and receiued the oth of fealty from the deputies he might lawfully take vpon him the title of King of Arragon the which said they he might not vse before this act and ceremony according to the ancient customes of Arragon The King hauing giuen them audience at Moruiedro he answered them courteously that he would repaire thether with speed and as for the royal title he had held it reasonable to take it seeing he had beene so saluted by the Archbishop of Tarragone and by the Cattelans and Valentians Being come to Saragossa he tooke and receiued the oth and was crowned by the Bishop of Huesco in the absence of the Archbishop of Tarragone to whom by the Popes decree this office doth appertaine where he protested that he held the realme as hereditary from his father and was not bound to any At this assembly of the Estates which was in the yeere 1286. there grew great contention touching the reformation of the manners of courtiers and the ordering of the Kings house the noblemen and deputies of the Estates of Arragon maintayning that the knowledge thereof was incident to their charge the King and his houshold seruants on the other side denied that there was either law or custome which tied the King or his followers to any such subiection In the end it was concluded that the reformation of the court should bee made by Reformatiâ—â— of the King of Arragon house beâ—orâ—ged to the generall Estates twelue of the principal families which they cal in that country Mesnadas the like number of Knights foure Deputies of Saragossa and one of either of the other cities the which should giue their voices in that case This vnion of Arragon obtained a decree that the King should haue certaine councellors chosen that is foure of the chiefe Noblemen which were D. Pedro d' Aierbe the kings vncle Pedro Cornel Artal Alagon and Pedro Martines de Luna foure knights of noble and ancient races which were D. Fortun Sanches Vera Symon Perez Salanoua Symon Perez Vera and Arnaud de Castro and foure of his household seruants that is D. Gyles de Bedaure Roderigo Sanches Pomar Alphonso de Castel nouo and Fernand Perez Pigna Moreouer two knights for the realme of Valencia two citizens of Sarragossa and one of either of the other cities of Huesca of Tarassone Iacca Barbastro Calatajub Turol and Daroca with a condition that whilst the King should remaine in Arragon Ribagorça or Valencia two of the noblemen two of his houshold seruants two Knights of Arragon one of Valencia and the foure Deputies of the realme of Arragon should follow and reside in court as councellors appointed by the vnion the which by the mouth of D. Fortun Sancho de Vera Sancho Martines Laeunella and the Deputies of Saragossa Huesca and Turol who were sent to that end protested that if he did not receiue obserue and maintaine these orders they would seize vpon his reuenues and of all the fees offices and dignitles of such noblemen as should contradict them thus were the Kings of Arragon intreated in those times This yeere the King restored D. Philip de Gastro sonne to his vncle D. Fernand Sanches who as we haue sayd was cast into the riuer of Singa as wel to the possession of the Moores expelled out of Minâ—reâ— castle of Pomar as to the rest of his fathers patrimony and for that there were some remainders of Moores which stood out in the Island of Minorca the King soone after went thether with an army in person and clensed the whose country hauing forced them to fly into the castle of Agaic and to compound from whence according to the treaty they were transported into Affrike by D. Raymond Marquet and Berenger Majol In the meane time King D. Alphonso did sollicit the Pope by his Ambassadors to receiue him into fauour which the French did hinder for besides the rights pretended by Charles of Valois and granted to him by the Pope to the realme of Arragon and lands anexed which were interdict there was moreouer that not onely the two yong Princes D. Alphonso and D. Fernand de la Cerde were detained prisoners by the King of Arragon but also Charles called the Limping sonne and heire to Charles of Aniou King of Naples and Sicile for whose release Philip the father and sonne Kings of France had beene earnest solicitors and taken armes and euen at that instant Philip the faire did presse the Kings of Castille and Arragon and in regard of Charles the Limping Eâ—ward King of England did labour to make a peace betwixt him and the Kings of Arragon and Sicile brethren In the meane time there was continual warre in Italy whether Robert Earle of
he came presently to the campe and then the castle of Montarches yeelded by intelligence which the constable had with the captaine The Prouinces and townes of Castile did furnish the King with fiue and forty millions of Marauidies for the warre and there was an Ambassage sent to Rome to Pope Martin to free the King of Castile of the imputations which were saied vpon him by him of Arragon The King of Nauarre making shew to enter into Castile by Briones D. Pedro of Velasco went to field with all the troupes he could gather together hauing drawne out of Biscay three thousand men led by Iohn of Abendagno Ordogno Garcia Arrega Gonçalo Gomes of Butron and his sonne Gomes Gonçalo of Muxica Biscains deseated by them whom they had vanquished for want of discipline Lord of the house of Muxica and finding no man to make head against him hee went to beseege the towne of Saint Vincent the which was taken by assault but whilest the Biscains were busie at the pillage not caring to keepe any order nor martiall discipline entring confusedly into the houses without any gards vpon the approches being entred into the houses the Inhabitants who were armed and retired into the castles seeing this confused multitude in their towne they brake out vpon them and incountring Gomes Gonçales in the street with a small company they tooke him hauing slain most of his souldiers whose father Gonçalo Gomes of Butron running to succour him beeing as ill accompanied as his sonne was slaine with some of his men and could not be releeued D. Pedro of Velasco seeing that the castle could not be forced with a long and painefull seege he set fire on the suburbes and of some houses in the towne and then returned to Haro carrying with him many of his Knights and good souldiers wounded Towne of Saint Vincent obtaines new preuiledges The towne of Saint Vincent for the losse it sustained then and for the good seruice it did in the warre betwixt Nauarre and Castile obtayned many priuiledges and freedomes for the inhabitants thereof He among the Nauarrois which did most harme to the Castillans was a Knight called Sancho of Londogno the kings Marshall issued from the house of Londogno neere to Ordugna a member of Biscay he running one day into Rioja was surprized by the ambushes which Diego Peres Sarmiento captaine of Bastide had layed for him who carried him prisoner to that fort but this losse was soone recompenced by Ruy Dias of Mendoça the bald borne at Seuile and yet he did serue the king of Nauarre faithfully and was gone foorth of Tudele with foure hundred hoâ—se and fiue hundred foot ouer-running the countrie of Agreda against whom D. Inigo Lope of Mendoça Lord of Hita and Buitrago who kept a garrison there for the king of Castile sallying foorth and comming to fight in the field of Arauiana he was there vanquished with the death and imprisonment of many Castillans At that time the Infanta D. Izabella of Portugall daughter to the king D. Iohn was married to Philip Duke of Bourgondie Earle of Flanders and Lord of many other Seigneuries who had two wiues without any children Of this mariage was born Charles whose daughter and onely heire was afterwards married to Maximilian of Austria The very day that this marriage betwixt D. Philip and the Infanta Izabella was celebrated with great pompe at Bruges Institution of the Order of the golden fleece the Order of Bourgondie of the golden fleece was instituted by him the tenth yeare after his comming to it vppon a vow which he had made to go and make warre against the Infidels of Syria and to conquer the countrie of Iurie but his great affaires made his vow fruitlesse His Order had for head and patron I know not by what diuinity S. Andrew and the solemnitie of the Order was to be celebrated euery yeare three dayes together whose knights should be the first day attired in red in signe that heauen is purchased by the effusion of bloud and by Martyrdome Ceremonie of the order of the Fleece the second day in blacke representing mourning for the dead and the third in white in honour of the purity of the Virgin Mary and they should carry for a marke of their knight-hood a chaine made in fashion of fuzils with a rams skin fleece hanging at it a deuise taken not from the Pagan Iason but from the faithfull Gedeon as some say The first knights of this Order were foure and twenty in number of the Noblest and most renouned of his Estates of Burgondy Flanders and the Netherlands wherewith since many Princes and great Noblemen of Spaine and other places haue held themselues much honoured This was that Duke Philip who to reuenge the death of his father Iohn murthered at Montreaufaut-Yoone by the Dauphin Charles drew the English into France to the ruine of his naturall country as you may read at large in the History of France The yeere 1430. being come 1430. D. Iohn King of Castile prepared to make warre against the King of Nauarre against whom he had the greatest spleene and forgetting no kinde of rigour he resolued to depriue him and his of all the lands which they held in Castile without euer hoping to re-enter into them and therefore he gaue to D. Guttiere of Toledo Bishop of Palence King of Nauarres lands in Castile confisked and giuen away and afterwards Archbishop of Toledo the towne of Alua de Tormes to D. Pedro Manrique Gouernor of Leon the towne of Paredes de Naua to D. Roderigo Alphonso Pimentel Earle of Benauent Majorga to the Marshall Inigo Ortiz of Estuniga Cerezo he would haue giuen to Fernand Diaz of Toledo fiue hundred vassals in the lands which did belong to D. Iohn King of Nauarre but hee refused them He gaue to D. Frederic of Arragon Earle of Luna base sonne to Martin King of Sicile Villalon and Cuellar to Queene Mary his wife Olmedo and other places to other Knights The king being come to field before the fort of Albuquerque hee caused the Infants D. Henry and D. Pedro to bee sommoned to yeeld him the place promising that the Infants should be herd in Iustice and that all the rest should haue a generall pardon giuing the Infants thirty daies time to resolue and the rest forty but their answers were arrowes and bullets with great daunger to the Kings person who being in a great rage at their obstinacy he caused D. Henries processe to be made and gaue the administration of the maister-ship of Saint Iames to the constable diuiding his lands to diuerse Knights very prodigally as hee had done the King of Nauarres In the meane time D. Diego of Estuniga or Suniga Bishop of Calaorra and Calçada and his vncle D. Pedro of Estuniga Earle of Ledesma Iustice Major of Castile and an other D. Diego of Estuniga his counsin wiht the forces of the frontier tooke the towne of La Garde in
Hercules Whilest that these things past in Spaine in the yeare 1436. Nauarre 1436. the Kings of Arragon and Nauarre were deepely ingaged in the warre of Naples whither the Dutchesse Izabell of Lorraine wife to Rene of Anjou a prisoner was come and with the helpe of Pope Eugenius defended her husbands right couragiously The two breethren kings beeing aduertised of the affaires of Spaine by their friends and seruants they resolued to send a ioynt ambassage to the king of Castile to treat a peace with him vppon some good conditions The ambassadors found the Court at Toledo where hauing deliuered their charge vnto the king it pleased God that after many conferences and debates a peace was concluded vpon a promise of marriage betwixt D. Blanche Infanta of Nauarre and Don Henry of Castile Prince of the Asturia's with these conditions That the solemnization of this marriage should bee accomplished within the limite of a certaine time betwixt Henry heire of the Realmes of Castile and Donna Blanche eldest daughter to D. Iohn king of Nauarre Conditions of peace betwixt Castile Nauar and Arâ—agon to whom should be assigned the Marquisat of Villena the townes of Medina del campo Olmedo Coca Roa and Aranda the reuenues of which lands D. Iohn King of Nauarre should receiue the foure next following yeares That if there were no children borne of this marriage the king of Nauarre should haue ten thousand florins of gold of yearely rent assigned vpon the reuenues of Castile That to D. Blanche Queene of Nauarre and to her sonne D. Charles should in like manner be giuen an assignation of ten thousand florens of gold yearely during their liues That all knights should be pardoned which during the warres and fore-passed quarrels had followed either partie and they restored to their goods and dignities except on the part of Castile D. Iohn of Soto-major who had beene Master of Alcantara and the Earle of Castro Xeris and on the behalfe of Nauar D. Godfrey of Nauar Earle of Cortes Item that to the Infant D. Henry brother to the kings of Arragon and Nauar should be assigned 5000. florens of gold of yearely hereditarie rent and to the Infanta D. Catherina his wife should be giuen 50000. florens of gold in ready mony for her dowrie These articles beeing accorded a peace was proclaimed in the Realmes of Castile Arragon and Nauar and D. Pedro of Acugna son to Lopes Basques of Acugna Lord of Buendia was sent to Azagna with sufficient authority to make the first promise in the name of Prince Henry and it was concluded the sollemne betrothing should be at Alfaro whether came at the time assigned the Prince D. Henry accompanied by D. Aluaro de Luna constable of Castile and many other Noblemen Knights and Prelates who arriuing two dayes before the Infanta being aduertised that she was at Corella he went to meete her with all his traine The Queen of Nauarre mother to the Infanta Prince Charles her brother the Bishop of Pampelone with many other Prelates Peter of Peralta Lord Steward of the kings house Leon of Garro and other knights many Ladies and Gentlewomen of Nauarre attended her all in equipage worthy of such a solemnitie the which was celebrated in Alfaro in the yeare 1437. D. Pedro of Castile Bishop of Osma stipulating and receiuing the promises either of them being but 12. yeares old The Prince D. Henry gaue many goodly and rich Iewels to the Infanta and vsed the like bountie to the Ladies and Knights of her traine Then hauing spent foure dayes at Alfaro in great feasting and ioy the parties separated themselues euery one retiring into his country By this peace there was also restored vnto the king of Nauar the town castle of la Garde and the castles of Asaturuguen and Burandon and towards Guipuscoa there were yeelded the castles and places of Gorriti Cobono Toro Araciel and Saragana which the Guipuscoans had taken during the wars Moreouer the towne of Briones was yeelded to the king of Nauar touching the Seigneurie and the reuenue but the Soueraignty remayned to the king of Castile This peace was promised and sworne vpon a penalty of 300000. florens of gold payable by him that should breake it and it was confirmed by the chiefe officers of either realme both clergy and secular and by the deputies of the chiefe townes For Nauar there signed D. Martin of Peralta bishop of Pampelona the archb of Tyre the Queens confessor the Prior of S. Iohn the Deane of Tudele clergy-men D. Lewis of Beaumont Tristan Lord of Luçe Peter of Peralta Lord Steward Philip Marshall of Nauar Vicont of Ro with other knights moreouer the deputies of the cities of Pampelona Estella and Tudela and of the towns of Sanguesse Olite Arcos Biane S. Vincent and others For Castile besides the great officers of court there did sweare all the Noblemen of the fronter of Guipuscoa Rioja and others yea they of the families of Lazcano Berastequi and Amezqueta and these accords were written by Bartholomew of Renes Secretarie to D. Iohn King of Nauar and of Queen Blanche his wife and by Alphonso Peres of Biuera high Treasurer and Secretary to the king of Castile This ioy was crost according to the custom of humane things with great griefe in the court of Castile Imprisonment of D. Pedro Manrique the king hauing caused D. Pedro Manrique Gouernour of Leon to bee committed to prison where at euery man did shew himselfe discontented so as the king caused 2000. lances to come for his gard which remayned continually about the court He sent the prisoner to the castle of Fuente Duegna commanding that hee should haue the liberty of the prison that somtimes they should suffer him to go on hunting which liberty was procured by the Admirall of Castile who was discontented for his detention This yeare which was 1438. there were brought vnto the King stones 1438. which they said Stones fallen from heauen very light were fallen from heauen in great abondance at Maderuelo a house belonging to the Constable very light the which although they were reasonably big yet were they so light as they did not hurt any one they fell vpon a strange thing and which was held prodigious The Articles of the peace being brought into Italy were allowed and confirmed by King Don Alphonso in the presence of Doctor Ferdinand Lopes of Burgos one of the Kings Councell The warre of Granado was managed with variable successe Granado many Knights among the Moores disliking the gouernment of King Mahumet reuolted taking the party of Castile of the which one Aben Amar was Captaine who soone after went with his men to the King of Tunes with leaue from the King of Castile hauing receiued both pay and presents from him and moreouer 6000. pounds starling for the charge of their voyage Don â—nigo Lopes of Mendoça Gouernor of the Fronter Lord of Hyta and Buyttago who was afterwards
against the Infidels D. Aluar Gonçales Bishop of Lamego was the bringer of this Croisadoe into Portugal D. Iohn the second King of Castile being growne iealous of these nauigations and conquests as I haue said sought to hinder them sending word vnto the King Alphonso that they did belong vnto the crowne of Castile and therefore he did forbid the Portugals to goe thether any more else he would make violent warre against him King Alphonso answered his Ambassadors who were D. Iohn de Guzman and Doctor Fernand Lopes of Burgos very mildly that he had alwaies held that the conquests and descoueries of those coasts did belong vnto the Realme of Portugal yet he would alwaies if need were submit himselfe to iudgement and would desist if it were said that it did belong to any other and therefore he intreated him that without good information hee would not breake the peace betwixt the two realmes Herevpon the King of Castile died in the yeere 1454. at which time King Alphonso had a daughter borne called D. Ioane which was a very vertuous and religious Princesse In the end the body or bones of the Infant D. Pedro hauing remained some time in the castle of Arantes and remoued from thence to Saint Eloy at Lisbone they were buried at the intercession of the Pope the Duke of Burgondy of the Duchesse his wife and of the Queene D. Isabella and of many Noblemen and Prelats in the Monastery of the battaile so great account they made of a small matter in these ceremonies as the whole world must of force bee therein imployed The funeralls were celebrated with great pompe and solemnity The end of the nineteenth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE TVVENTETH BOOKE of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 DOn Henry the foâ—rth of that name nineteenth King of Castile and fortith of Leon his disposition and qualities 2 Forgetting of offences rebellions and riots past repealing of the Lords absent from Castile 3 The Gouernment of Castile at this Kings comming to the Crowne 4 Warres against the Moores 5 The diuorce of D. Henry the vnhable King of Castile with his second marriage 6 Quarrels betweene the Prince D. Charles of Nauarre and Queene Ioane his mother in law Partialities of Beaumont and Grammont in Nauarre warre betweene the father and the sonne 7 Last deeds of the King of Arragon D. Alphonso the fifth his royall disposition and quallities 8 Commotions in Biscay 9 Continuance of the warres against the Moores 10 Aduancement of diuers of meane condition in the Court of Castile 11 Insolencies of D. Iohn of Pacheco Marquis of Villena 12 Domesticall affaires of D. Henry the vnhable King of Castile his loues and vanities 13 D. Iohn the second of that name the eighteenth King of Arragon troubles betweene him and the Prince D. Charles his sonne 14 Affaires of Castile hatred and enuies of Court 15 Enterprises of the Prince D. Charles against the King Don Iohn his father his ouerthrow and imprisonment and of that which followed afterward euen vntill his deliuery and death 16 The warres of Granado 17 Gouernment of Castile and of the affaires of Court 18 Warre betweene Castile and Arragon 19 Behauiours of King Henry the vnhable and of Queene Ioane his wife the birth of D. Ioane the supposed Infanta 20 Sedition and ciuill warre in Cattalogâ—a with the rebellion of the Barcelonois and pawning of the Earldome of Rossillon to the French King 21 Gaston de Foix sonne in law to the King of Arragon and Nauarre his behauiour towards his sister in law Lady Blanche the heire of Nauarre Continuance of the warre of Cattalogâ—a 22 Arbitrement of King Lewis the eleuenth for the composing of the differences and disagreements betweene the Kings of Castile and Arragon and those of Barcelona with their Prince Enter view of the kings Lewis of France and Henry of Castile on the frontiers 23 Murther of a lew collector of the subsidies in Guipuscoa 24 Deceits betweene the Kings of Castile Nauarre and Arragon 25 D. Pedro of Portugal chosen King by those of Barcelona 26 Slanderous and false accusations of bloudy Monkes Quarrels betweene the prelats in Castile 27 Carelesnesse and iniustice of King Henry the fourth of Castile 28 The house of Bragança vnlucky enterprise of the King of Portugall D. Alphonso the fifth in Affrica 29 Lady Ioane borne in adultery promotion of D. Bertrand de la Cueua to the dignity of Maister of Saint Iames. Matters of quarrell in Castile Conspiracies and ciuill warre in that kingdome 30 Dangerous enterprises and treasons of the rebels against Don Henry King of Castile the King degraded by them and his brother the Prince Don Alphonso lifted vp to the regall dignity 31 Donna Leonora Countesse of Foix her cruell appetite and desire of gouernment her behauiour towards her elder sister 32 Continuance of the warre against the rebels of Cattalogna D. Pedro of Portugal a tumultuçs King in Barcelona his exploits and death The taking of Tortosa by the king Don Iohn of Arragon 33 The raysing vp againe of the king D. Henry of Castile stirres in Andaluzia by D. Pedro Giron Agreements recompences and gu fts made and giuen by the king of his faithfull friends and others Here follow the names of the Princes raigninge in Spaine in this twentith Booke CASTIL and LEON 19. D Henry the 4. and XL. ARRAGON and NAVARRE 18. D. Iohn 2. himselfe KIng Iohn the second being dead Surnames of liberal and vnable his sonne Henry the fourth of that name succeeded him in the Kingdomes of Castile and Leon who by diuers was surnamed the liberall for he was not onely bountifull but a great water and prodigall the which he did inherit from the King his father The surname of vnhable was giuen vnto him by reason of his naturall weakenesse being in the company of women the which his Queenes had experience of and yet those which haue written of his stature and proportion say Qualities and manners of the King D. Henry the fourth that he was strong and bigge of a manly aspect fierce and hairy This Prince was light-headed variable inconstant yet for all that of faire demeanure cutteous and affable to his familliar friends in so much as he neuer said thou to any one he did euer maintaine his grauity with Princes he was a louer of peace and did naturally put of from himselfe the managing of matters of State Hee would at one time bee bold and confident without suspition and within a while after contrary to himselfe solitary and an enemy of company most of which quallities he had by inheritance from his father He did take great pleasure in hunting in musicke and in buildings of houses of pleasure and he did likewise erect monasteries with other religious houses he would oftentimes sit and sing in Churches with singing men he was a great eater but he did neuer tast any wine By his bounty and liberality he raised diuers to great
certaine Barbary horses and other Moorish presents vnto whom the King promised fauour and assistance against the King of Granado as to his vassall From thence he came to Carmona where he remained a space In the same towne there was three castles two of which were at the commandement of the Maister of Saint Iames but the third was held by Gomes Mendes de Sotomajor a Knight wholy leagued with those of Siuill whom the Maister had a great desire to dispossesse and did greatly importune the King to consent therevnto and hee did promise Gomes Mendes a large recompence the which hee refused saying that hee could not leaue that place without the consent of the Knights of Siuill vnto whom hauing declared the wrong that the King would haue done to him onely to satisfie the Maister of Saint Iames the Duke of Medina Sidonia and Roderigo Ponce of Leon Pedro de Estuniga Alphonso Henriques Gouernor of the frontiers sent to aduertize the King that they could not consent to so vnreasonable a matter hurtfull to the crowne as to alienate from the same the town of Carmona which the King at that time tooke in good part but afterward hee was ouer-ruled by the Maister of Saint Iames and would haue constrained Gomes Mendes to haue left the same place wherefore the Duke of Medina and the other Knights with the Inhabitants of Siuill armed themselues and assailed the castle of Triana from whence hauing driuen Hernandes Arias of Sahauedra they placed therein an other captaine then their power increasinge they came into the field giuing the King and the Maister of Saint Iames new matter to thinke on who with the whole Court left Carmona and came to Alcala of Guadiaira and from thence the King sent to command the Duke to disarme himselfe and to send away his people who answered that hee had taken armes for his seruice as also to defend himselfe from his enemy the Maister of Saint Iames The Maister fearing that this fire would kindle to his owne hurt sought meanes to conferre with the Duke which the other Lords and Knights with those of Siuill would not agree vnto saying that the Maister was a crafty wicked man and that their talke would come to no good effect and so sent backe to the King intreating him not to alienat Carmona from the crowne and to confirme Gomes Mendes in his captaineship The King to auoide farther mischiefes made means himself that the Duke and the Maister might talke together betweene Siuill and Cantillana At this meeting it was onely determined that the King should enter into Siuill and that the Maister should stay at Cantillana where they should agree vpon those things The King beeing receiued with great ioy into the city of Siuill whilest hee remaines there about the appeasing of those differences the Princesse Isabella his sister being continually sollicited by her Maister Pantâ—er Guttieres of Cardegna to harken to the marriage of Fernand Prince of Girona the heire of Arragon and to reiect that of Portugall and Duke Charles of France with the King of Englands brother who was an other sutor at the last she gaue her full consent therevnto wherefore the Archbishop of Toledo and the Admirall D. Frederike wholy addicted to the seruice of this Princesse and likewise to Prince Fernand King of Sicill thinking that this marriage was most conuenient and proffitable for the affaires of the Kingdome did consent and conclude therevpon causing the Bridegroome in a disguised habit to come into Castile whether hee was conducted by D. Pedro Manriques Earle of Treuigno Donna Isabella of Castilâ— marrieth Fernand of Arragon who afterwards was Duke of Nagera and others who brought him to Valiodolit Where beeing presented before the Princesse amongst others very few nor yet she her selfe did know him but her faithfull seruant Guttiere de Cardegna shewed her him saying in his Spanish tongue Esseâ—es This is he to whom the Princesse readily replied and Esse shall be thine armes for this cause the house and posterity of this Knight beareth yet to this day amidst there blazons and deuises an S S The royall aspect and graue countenance of Prince Fernand did soone certifie the Princesse that it was he therefore without any more delay the marriage was sollemnized and accomplished at Valiodolit the eighteenth of October 1469. in the house of Iohn de Biuero where at this day the Kings Chancery is kept King Henry not knowing thereof who would rather haue hindred it then otherwise for the small good which he wished to King Iohn of Arragon his father These newes were presently carried to the Maister of Saint Iames who wrote to the King that he should forthwith without delay come to Cantillana the which he did not knowing the cause why he was so hastily sent for there to his great griefe he vnderstood of his sisters marriage wherefore vpon the instant hee departed out of Andaluzia leauing those of Siuill some-what mooued vntill they knew the cause and taking the ready way to Trugillo hee was there staied by the refusall of Garcia de Sese captaine of the fort of that city who would not yeeld the same place vp vnto him the which hee ment to haue bestowed vpon the Earle of Playsance in recompence of the good seruice which hee had done vnto him This captaine had agreed with the townes-men who had foreseene the Kings intent to hold out and not to permit the same to bee alienated from the crowne and giuen to a priuate Lord. The King perceiuing that hee could not gratifie the Earle with Trugillo confirmed vnto him and left for Inheritance to him and his heires for euer the towne of Areualo which was pawn'd vnto him with title of Duke doing thereby manyfest wrong to the widow Queene Isabella vnto whom that towne did belong Being at Trugillo Gomes de Caceres Maister of Alcantara came vnto him and craued pardon for his offences the which hee freely obtained and besides that hee was confirmed in the gouernment of Badajos and Caceres which hee had vsurped during the reuolts and at his intreaty and of the Maister of Saint Iames hee gaue to his brother Guttiere de Caceres the city of Coria with the title of Earle To Alphonso Monroy who had beene faithfull vnto him and followed the warres at his owne charges hee gaue many great guifts so this King did good both to his friends and enemies At the same place of Trugillo hee receiued letters from the Princesse his sister by the which shee gaue him reason for her marriage with Prince Fernand and for her refusall of the others intreating him to beleeue that it was done for the good quiet and commodity of the Kingdome of Castile in time to come and to assure him both of her good will and her husbands who would for euer remaine his affectionate seruants without inclyning to any thing that should displease him beseeching him to consider with what hearty affection shee loued and honoured
or brotherhoods and the fift and last for the treasure and royall reuenue At the same time iustice which had a long time beene banished out of Spayne was called home againe and reuerenced and diuers wicked persons punished among whome Hernand Alarcon 〈…〉 the familiar friend and instigator of the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo a seditious and turbulent person was beheaded by meanes of which example euery man submitted himselfe to law and framed himselfe to a ciuill and honest life then did the tyrannies of great men cease the thefts and robberies of their followers were suppressed in such sort as the fields were as safe as good townes those things which were vsurped were restored to the right owners the seates of iustice were well ordered and diuers good lawes and Edicts were made It was there enacted that the Iewes and Moores in townes and citties should dwell in streetes and places by themselues All Noblemen were forbidden to carrie Guards about with them to place Crownes vppon their shields and armes or to haue vshers to carrie maces or roddes before them vnlesse they were Magistrates not to vse titles in their letters Charity of K. Fernand and Queene Isabel. belonging to Princes and Soueraigne Lords And for that the Kings felt their consciences burthened with the death of many poore people who had followed them in their last warres whose widowes and children were in great necessitie they appoynted a summe of twentie millions of Marauidis to bee distributed vnto such people by Friar Hernand of Talauera as he should thinke it meete and conuenient thinking by laying this charge vppon him to discharge themselues In this assembly of the Estates in the moneth of May Prince Ioane sworne vnto with great sollemnitie the Infant Don Iohn was according to the custome of Spayne sworne vnto as Prince of the Asturia's and heire to the Kingdomes of Castile and Leon in the presence of the Prelats and Lords whose names follow The Cardinall Don Pedro Gonçales of Mendoza Arch-bishoppe of Siuill and withall Bishoppe of Siguença Don Diego Hurtado of Mendoza Bishoppe of Palence Friar Alphonso of Burgos Bishop of Cordoua with others of the Clergie For the Nobilitie and State militarie Don Alphonso of Cardegna Master of Saint Iames Don Pero Fernandes of Velasco Constable of Castile and Earle of Haro Don Alphonso Henriques great Admirall of Castile and the Kings Vnkle Don Pero Aluares Osorio Marquis of Astorga and Earle of Transtamara Don Aluaro of Mendoza Earle of Castro Don Lorenzo Suares of Mendoza Earle of Crugna Don Inigo Lopes of Mendoza Earle of Tendilla Don Diego Lopes of Estuniga Earle of Miranda Don Fernand Aluares of Toledo Earle of Oropesa Don Guttiere de Sottomajor Earle of Benalcaçar Don Bertrand de la Cueua Earle of Ledesma Don Diego Fernandes of Quignones Earle of Luna Don Iohn de Ribera Lord of Montemajor Don Aluar Peres of Guzman Lord of Saint Eulalia Don Guttiere of Cardegna great Commaunder of Leon with diuers others of name and place For the third estate the Deputies of the Citties on this side and beyond the mounts did take the accustomed oath to wit for old Castile Burgos Leon Segobia Auila Soria Zamora Toro and Salamanca and for the other part Toledo Guadalajara and Cuenca and for Andalusia Siuill Cordoua and Iaen and the Cittie of Murcia for that Countrey Diuers Lords likewise of the Realme Arragon were present at this solemnitie as Don Raymond Bishoppe of Vrgell and Don Philip of Arragon bastard-sonne to the late Prince Charles Nephew to the King and cousin germaine to Prince Iohn At this assembly Don Andrea de Cabrera and Donna Beatrix of Bouadilla his wife were created Marquises of Moya with graunt of twelue hundred vassals neere to Segobia for the good seruices which they had done to the kings Don Ferdinand and Donna Isabella at whose table the more to honour them they did eate the same day The Parlament or assembly of States being ended the Court came to Medina del campo where they began to take great paines to haue the ordonances of the Estates executed and put in practise vppon the vsurpations tyrannies quarrels and enmities which were past In the same towne a knight whose name was Aluar Ianes of Lugo was put to death who being couetous to adde to his owne great wealth the goods of a certaine Cittizen hired a certaine Notarie or Scriuener to make some false and counterfeite contracts and to the end the deceit might not be knowne hee foorth-with payed him his hire cutting his throate and burying him secretly in the back-side of his owne house the which murther was discouered by the diligent inquirie of the poore widdow whose husband was neuer seene abroade since hee was seene to go into the Knights house This Gentleman was taken A muâ—therâ—us gentleman câ—eâ—uâ—ed conuicted and beheaded notwithstanding his great friends and kindred who offered fortie thousand Duckets for to saue his life which was a great summe in those dayes which sundrie of the Councel wished the Kings to take but these Princes beeing great Iusticers would not hearken to it but the Knight was executed according to his deserts The yeare 1481. the Kings departed from Medina King Fernand and Queene Isabell zealous of Iustâ—ce and did take leaue the one of the other for a certaine time the Queene went to Vailliodolit and the King made a voyage into Arragon with intent to haue the like oath made there to his son Prince Iohn as the States of Castile had done at Toledo and to order the State of his owne patrimoniall Kingdome as also to demaund a certaine subsidie of money of his subiects there The King beeing at Sarragossa the Cardinall of Foix and his brother Don Iames Vnkles to the young King Francis Phoebus of Nauarre Nauarre came thither to him to beseech him to ayde him with forces and meanes to suppresse his audacious subiects which did disturbe the peace of his Kingdome who contemning his youth did commit infinite tyrannies there whom king Fernand did most louingly receiue as his Nephewes sonnes to Queene Leonora his sister and did promise concerning their demaunds to performe the office of a Christian Prince friend and neere kinsman to the young king During his aboade at Sarragossa the Marshall of Nauarre who was at Tudela had ordinarie intelligence with diuers Castillan Lords some of whome knowing their masters will did beginne to treate of meanes for the pacification of the factions of Beaumont and Grammont by whome the kingdome was spoiled Amongst those which did most earnestly employ themselues therein was a Friar Preacher to king Fernand whose name was Abarca The Estates of Nauarre at Tafalla who dealt in such sort as hee agreed vpon a marriage betwixt Philip of Nauarre the Marshall and a daughter of the Earle Lewis of Lerin which he thought would bee a meanes that these two Lords would forget all former hatred and become heartie and affectionate friends by whose example
and this was done to quench the bloudy thirst of the prelats and monkes counsellors and solicitors of that ill vnderstood conuersion Yet for all that after the fury was past the King caused the children of either sex amongst those miserable people vnder eleuen yeeres of age to bee separated and baptized giuing them their liberty as innocent of their fathers obstinacy This rigour was so farre off from fearing or abating the courage of the rest as they thereby became more stubborne their being no spurre in the world more sharpe then religion to make men giue ouer and contemne life and all other things to be beloued in this world when they are constrained to take armes for that respect for diuers Moores dwelling vpon the coast of Ronda La Sierra Vermeille and Villa longa being brought to the last hope of beeing able to liue in the freedome of their consciences and to keepe their old religion did arme themselues to the number of twelue thousand persons which caused the Kings to thinke that they were entred againe into a very difficult warre and that the conquest of the kingdome of Granado was not yet ended And because it behoued them to giue a present remedy to this fire which kindled VVar renued by the persecuted Moores they dispatched away Don Alphonso d' Aguilar and the Earle of Vregna with as great forces as the present necessity could furnish but Don Alphonso who was old and a well experienced captaine protested that with so small a number he could doe the King no seruice but should receiue losse and dishonour for the Moores were foure to one of his people neuerthelesse being vrged to it he marched against the enemies who keeping themselues closse togither and in strong places would not giue the least aduantage to the Christians for whom they laide waite in the valleies and streight places of the country well knowne to themselues to the end to surprize and defeat them the which came to passe for the Christians being lodged one night at the foote of Sierra Vermeille in such a place as Don Alphonso's troupes were separated from those of the Earle of Vregna by a great botome which was betwixt them the Moores at the shutting in of day-light fell vpon Don Alphonso and his people with such fury as they cut them all in peeces Don Alphonso himselfe lay dead vpon the place his sonne Don Pedro hauing his teeth beaten out with the blow of a stone and hurt with an arrow with great difficulty escaped at the beginning of the fight the Earle of Vregna beholding the slaughter of his friends not being able to succour them by reason of the botome that lay betwixt them Particular 〈◊〉 among captains of one setfe side doe oâ—tentimes cause the publike cause to be forgotten or else because hee would not as diuers did thinke for euer among great Lords and chiefe commanders vnder one Prince are enuy iealozie and emulation found which cause such effects to the losse of their Prince and commonwealth King Fernand did greatly apprehend this losse as also Don Alphonsos death the which could not bee imputed to rashnesse for he had protested that such resolute men as those Moores were who were in their forts ought not to haue beene assailed with such weake forces and that they knew very well the common prouerbe which saith that for to fetch a dead man out of his owne house there must alway bee foure how much more then did it behooue them to goe strongly accompanied against those with whom he had to do who weare liuing men souldiers and well armed It is reported that as he was assailed diuers Knights were of opinion to turne their backes and to flee but he would needs make head saying that neuer any of his race did turne their backes to a Moore Vnseasonable magnanimity of D. Alphonso de Aguilar Wherefore being kept backe by shame and dishonour hee susteined that conflict whereas hee might haue made an excusable retreat Now the King being in a merueilous chollor departed from Granado against these Moores with an intent to punish them rigorously but perceiuing that it is euermore harder to execute then to counsell hee was content to permit them to passe ouer into Afrike and to leaue the country by this meanes after sundry defeats and slaughters on either side he obtained his desire and returned to Granado where the marriage of D. Catherine his fourth daughter with Arthur Prince of Wales heire to the crowne of England was treated of This Princesse tooke her iourney towards her husband the yere 1501. accompanied by Don Alphonso de Fonseca Archbishop of Saint Iames Don Antonio de Rojas Bishop of Majorque who was afterward Archbishop of Granado and President of the royall counsel and D. Diego Fernandes de Cordoua Earle of Cabra and at the same time Queene Ioane the widdow of Naples sister of King Fernand tooke her leaue of him and withdrew herselfe to Valencia The Archdâ—ke Philip of Austria making preparation for his voyage into Spaine was father of his third child Donna Ioane his wife beeing brought in bed of a daughter named Donna Isabella This Princesse was wife to Christierne King of Denmarke hee who was deposed by his vncle Christierne King of Swethland taken by him and kept in perpetuall prison by which Christierne shee had two daughters that is to say Dorothy future wife to Frederike Earle Palatin and Elector of the Empire and Christine who was married to Francisco Maria Sforza Duke of Milan the yeere 1534. who died the yeere after shee was secondly married to Francis Duke of Lorraine father to Duke Charles who liues in our time After that King Christerne was deposed from his owne Kingdome for inuading that of Sweuia this Princesse D. Isabella went into England where her Aunt Donna Catherine was married and then she died being six and twenty yeeres of age Whilest these things passed on in Spaine the French King Lewis the twelfth did luckily end his enterprise of Milan Sforza taken by the French and did shut vp into close and perpetuall prison Duke Lewis Sforza surnamed the Moore the Author of all the warres and ruines of Italy in his time the which King Frederick of Naples considering hee was mooued partly by feare least he should againe haue to doe with the victorious French armies partly not to oblige himselfe ouer much to the Kings of Spaine and not to giue occasion to the Spanish insolency to grow ouer saucie in his Kingdome and namely because King Iohn of Arragon and Don Fernand his sonne had at one time called in question the late King Alphonso his testamentary decree whereby hee had left that Kingdome to his bastard sonne incapable thereby as they said of so great an inheritance wherefore hee beganne to haue secret intelligence with the French King whereof King Fernand was soone aduertized who thought that hee was very ingratefully delt withall and ill requited for all his cost bestowed in the
whose hands lay the gouernment of al the affairs of Egypt and namely out of their bands was the Souldan chosen Being come to Caire he was longed in the sayd Truchmans house and then the day following he was ledde to the Castle to the Souldans pallace and passing thorough diuers galleries full of Mameluques he was brought into an hall where the Souldan taried for his comming Hee found him sitting vppon a bed of State like vnto women made in fashion of an altar clothed in a gowne of skarlet with large sleeues furred with Martins and vpon his head a rich Turbant with two hornes after a strange fashion and a sword neere vnto him being compassed about with diuers Gouernours of Prouinces which they called Admirals Admirals Gouernors of Prouinces Before this Emperor the Ambassadour presented himselfe apparelled in a coate of blacke sattin and a gowne of purple veluet kneeling vpon one knee the Monkes and other Christians which followed him kneeled on both their knees and hands as though they would haue kissed the earth then rising vp and going on neerer by two and two paces they made three such reuerences then standing vpon their feete the Ambassadour went a little forwarder neere to the Prince and hauing made a fourth reuerence he stood vp and presented the Kings of Castils letters of credit to the Truchman the which beeing opened and read with diuers ceremonies the Souldan told him that hee was welcome Then the Ambassadour making a great reuerence told him the Kings his Lords and Masters had sent him thither to salute and visit him in their name and to offer him whatsoeuer was in their power excepting that which belonged to Christian Religion and that he had commandement and instruction to communicate diuers businesses with him Wherefore he besought him to be pleased to giue him audience in a more priuate manner the Souldan answered him that he was contented to do so and told him that if in the meane time he wanted any thing he should speake and that whatsoeuer he demanded should be giuen The Ambassadour hauing againe thanked him and sayd that he could desire no more fauour and courtesie then hee had alreadie receiued then tooke his leaue and returned to his lodging whether the Souldan sent him diuers presents of meates Three dayes after the Ambassadour accompanied by the Truch-man was brought againe to the Pallace early in the morning before the Ambassadours of the Kings of Affricke and the Moores were risen and finding the Souldan at seysure he gaue him secret audience where he answered very pertinently to all the Souldans demaunds and did highly content him and this conference betwixt them lasted till two of the clocke in the after-noone all the contrarie Ambassadours beeing come to Court in hope to see the Spanish disgraced but they were deceyued for they beheld him returne to his house very honourably accompanied Afterward the Moorish Ambassadours in two seuerall audiences pressing and accusing the Kings of Castile Peter Martyr did so well disguise and handle the matter as he perswaded the Souldan that whatsoeuer his aduersaries had said was but meere vntruths Wherefore hee beeing sent backe againe the same time the Truchman procured a fourth audience wherein the Ambassador of Castile being heard almost an whole day did in such manner content and satisfie the Souldan as hee procured his fauour and friendship for his King and Queene And as hee was going foorth of the Souldans presence two Admirals cloathed him with a gowne of Damaske furred with very rich Ermines it was in the moneth of Februarie for which hauing giuen thankes and made his vsuall reuerences hee returned with his trayne In this manner are the faults of great men excused by great men Before Peter Martyrs departure he feasted and banqueted the Admirals and chiefest Mamelucs so as they were highly contented with him and departing from Cayro he went to visit the notable places of Egypt and Syria of which voyage and ambassage hee wrote a discourse at his returne This is hee which wrote an historie of the Indies by Decades in Latin which he entitled The Ocean vnto the yeare 1526. He returned into Spaine with honour and gaue good account to the Catholicke Kings of his Legation The nauigations to the Indies were this yeare very common diuers particular persons Voyages of diuers particular persons to the Indies tickled with a desire of gaine vndertaking those dangerous voyages at their owne costs by the Kings permission notwithstanding Rodrigo de Bastidas was one of those aduenturers who set forth two Caruels at his owne costs and Iohn de Ledesma's and others carrying with him Iohn de la Cosa an excellent Marriner borne in Saint Mary port who departing from Cales sayled neere to Cape de Vela and ranne one hundred three score and tenne leagues vppon the coast from that Cape to the Gulph of Vraba and Darian in which are found Caribana Zenu Carthagena Zamba and S. Martha places inhabited by people called Caribes who feed on mans flesh without law or naturall honestie beeing armed with darts and poysoned arrowes Rodrigo de Bastida beeing afterwards come to the cittie of Domingo did lose his Caruels there and was committed to prison by the Commander Francisco de Bouadilla Gouernor of the Iland of Hispagniola laying to his charge that he had trafficke with the Indians for gold defrauding the king of his right wherefore he sent him prisoner into Spaine but the kings set him at libertie knowing that this voyage was for the publike good and gaue him 200. Duckets of rent Nicholas d' Ouando Gouernor of the Indies Nicholas d' Ouando Commander of Larez of the Order of Alcantara a valiant Knight did by the kings commandement set sayle with thirty shippes and a great company of souldiers to succeed the Commander Bouadilla taking along Rowland Ximenes in his company the enemy and accusers of the breethren Columbus did embarke himselfe in the same vessell which had brought the new Gouernour whereof Antonio de Torres was Captaine hauing with them more then an hundred thousand Duckets weight of gold and among others a graine of pure gold to present vnto the Queene weighing 3. thousand three hundred Castillans but their hap was such as both they and their wealth perished by sea the Admirall Columbus and his brother beeing by that meanes reuenged of the great rigour that Bouidilla had vsed towards them by sending them from the Indies in yrons into Spayne The Gouernour Bouadilla drowned with three hundred Spaniards and of Rowland Ximenes ingratitude and rebellion with whom were drowned more then three hundred men so as of those thirty ships hardly sixe escaped Nicholas d' Ouando remained in his gouernement of the Island of Hispagniola the space of sixe yeares all matters succeeding well and prosperously with him by reason of his humanity and gentlenes he conquered the Prouinces of Higney Zauana Guaycarima he pacified that of Xaragua and vsing all his authoritie with
being out of hope of a peace with the English and Hollanders caused them to proceed in the treatie with the French whereupon the deputies of either king came to Veruins Who hauing long disputed and being often readie to breake off almost in despaire in the end a peace was concluded in Iune this yeare 1598. Peace betwixt Spaine and France The deputies for the French king were Monsieur de Bellieure Counsellor of State and Monsieur de Syllery Counsellour also of State and President of the Court of Parliament at Paris And for the Catholike king Iohn Richardot knight President of his priuie Councell Iohn Baptista Taxis Commaunder de los Santos of the Order of Saint Iames and of his Councell of State and warre and Lewis Verreichen knight chiefe Secretarie and Treasorer of the Charters of the said Councell of State who according to their Commissions concluded in the name of the said kings That the treatie of peace made at Castle Cambresis Contents of the articles of the peace in the yeare 1559 betwixt the kings of France and Spaine should be newly confirmed and obserued That all hostilitie and quarels should cease with promise not to annoy nor prejudice one another That their subjects should haue free traffique That all places taken since the treatie of Castle Cambresis should bee restored of either part within two monethes That the said kings and the Infanta of Spaine reserued vnto themselues all the rights actions and pretensions by reason of the said realms countries or seigniories whereunto they or their predecessors haue not expresly renounced to make their pursuit by some friendlie course or by justice and not by armes The force and life of king Philip began to decline Cession of the Lâ—w Countries to the Infanta of Spaine which he foreseeing hee was desirous to effect the promise which he had made to the Archduke Albert his nephew and if the mariage betwixt him and the Infanta Isabella his daughter were not consummated yet they might be assured by the cession of the prouinces which he meant to make in fauour of it Whereupon the sixt of May he caused to be read at Madrid in the presence of prince Philip his only son who was then about 20 yeres old of D. Gomes d' Auila marques of Vellada Lord Steward of the princes house D. Christopher de Mora earle of Castell Roderigo great Commaunder of the Alcantara D. Iohn d' Idiaques great Commaunder of Leon all three Counsellours of State and Nicholas Damant knight President and Chauncellour of Brabant with la Lâ—o Secretarie of the affaires of the Low Countries the contract by the which he did institute the future spouses and their heires of what of what sexe soeuer 1598 soueraigne Lords of all the Prouinces of the Low-countries of the franche countie of Bourgondie and of the countâ—e of Charolois with condition that the donation and cession should be void and of no force in case the marriage were not accomplished That the eldest of the lawfull children issuing of this marriage should be preferred before the younger Articles of the cessiâ—n and the male the female iointly in all the Prouinces without any diuision That for want of lawfull heires it should returne to the Crowne of Spaine And that they should not alienate any part thereof without the consent of the heires and successors of the king of Spaine That the Princesse heire of the Netherlands being a maiden or widow should marrie the king of Spaine or the prince his Sonne and if shee haue neither will nor power to doe it with the Popes dispensation shee shall not take any aliance but with the consent of the kings of Spain And so of the heirs and descendents of the future Spouses That al negotiation and traffik to the East and West Indies shall bee forbidden them and their subiects That the Archduke suruiuing the Infanta hee should hold those Countries during his life That hauing children their portions should bee assigned them vntill that the elder after the decease of the father should take possession of the whole That onely the Catholike Apostolike and Romish religion should bee maintained in the said Prouinces and in case of contrauention by them or their descendents they should lose their rights to the said Countries Prince Philip did consequently ratifie this donation Donation ratefied by Prince Philip. more as some thought to please the king his father than for any good liking hee had of it for she depriued him of many goodlie and rich Prouinces And the Infanta his Sister hauing accepted the transaction sent her fathers and bothers letters Patents to the Gouernours and Councels of the Prouinces with their letters which promised all assistance for the warre and her owne which contained a declaration of this accord Thus the Archduke as the Historie saith married a great Princesse a troublesome quarrell and a long sute all in one day From which time shee did write vnto him as a wiâ—e doth vnto her husband taking vpon her the titles of all those Countries and Prouinces and sending him a procuration to take possession in her name The empresse mother to Albertus and sister to the king of Spaine receiued the promise of marriage for her Sonne and did also make a promise in the name of the Archduke Albert. The king of Spaine would moreouer shew King of Spaine makes a new contract for the paiment of his debts that in giuing his daughter the Infanta to the Archduke hee would not abandon them for want of money to continue the warre against the vnited Prouinces hee made a new contract with Camillo Soniolla Maluenda and Grimaldi to whome hee did reassigne and confirme the reuenues of Spaine and reuoked the edict which had beene made at Pardo vpon condition that for an ouerplus and new loane they should furnish him with seuen millions and two hundred thousand ducats paying euerie month two hundred and fifty thousand ducats to the Archduk Albert to supply the charges of the low countrie warres that for the space of eighteen monthes the first paiment whereof should be due the last of Ianuarie in the said yeare 1598 the whole summe for the Low countries amounting to foure millions and a halfe The rest should be paied in Spaine or where hee should command after the rate of an hundred and fiftie thousand ducats monthly for eighteene monthes together both which parties amount to 7200000 ducats The king of Spaine sent in the beginning of this yere 4 thousand Spaniards Spaniards sent into the Low-Countries Besognes into the Low countries to fortifie the Archduke Albert whoe as it seemes did not greatly trust the Wallons D. Sancho de Leua was their cheife commaunder ouer foure Colonels they came by sea in 40 ships the lesser got safely into Callice for that the Estates ships had bin forced by fowle weather to weigh aâ—â—hor yet they took one of the greatest in the which was Alonso Saâ—ches
ceremonie and it was thought the gouernor being inuited would haue dined with his Lordship but hee fearing to heare something that might touch the king his master in honour excused himselfe and so retired hauing seene his Lordship set downe But hearing after dinner by his owne brother that there was not any thing that might giue cause of offence or exception hee was sorie and did accompanie his Lordship at supper whither many ladies and gentlewomen came to see the order of that State On the foure and twentieth of Aprill D. Blasco d' Arragon nephew to the duke of Terranoua who had beene in England the yeare before with the Constable of Castille came from Court being sent from the king his master to salute his Lordship and to acquaint him with such preparations as were made for him and his traine for that journey There was also D. Gaspar de Bullion the kings chiefe Harbinger who came with commission from the king to prouide all things necessarie for his Lordships journey After some conference notwithstanding they had promised there should be no want of any thing they found that the whole countrey would not furnish mules ynow there being six hundred and fiftie persons besides the carriages which were verie many Wherupon his Lordship resolued to leaue some of his owne companie aboord his ships vntill his returne There were foure coaches and foure litters attended them at Villafranca besides their riding mules whereof there was a coach and a litter for his Lordships owne vse another coach and a litter for sir Charles Cornwallis who was then sent to be embassador leager in Spaine and the rest for the knights and gentlemen which should be sicke During his Lordships stay at the Groine hee was entertained with sundrie sports the which were performed in a square made of purpose on the market place as assaulting of a castle by armed knights and freeing a ladie from foure monsters which defended it fighting at barriers and in the end verie rare fire-works the which were generally commended for their strangenesse Earle of Nottingham goes from the Grâ—ine After which his Lordship hauing all his traine furnished with mules began his journey towards the Court the 3 of May the gouernor and magistrats bringing him out of the town with musick shot He was accompanied by D. Blasco d' Arragon D. Gaspar de Bullion chief harbinger to the K. who had the charge of the conduct His Lordship past from the Groyne to Bytance to Villa Alua Lugo Terra Castella Cebrera Villa Franca Bubibre Astorga where his Lordship saw a fayre castle belonging to the marquesse of Astorga Banesa Benauent Villa Garcia and from thence hee had order to goe to Simancas which was as farre as Vailledolit To which towne his Lordship came in twelue dayes hauing beene honourably receiued in all places where he past His Lordship comming to Simancas on Tuesday the 14 of May he had order from the king not to come to Court till Thursday On the Wednesday after dinner there came D. Pedro de Suniga or Estuniga newly appointed embassadour for England and D. Iohn de Taxis sonne to the earle of Villa Mediana then embassador in England who hauing saluted his Lordship departed againe On Thursday He goes to Court his Lordship being appointed to goe to Court there came to attend him the marquesse of Camerasa D. Pedro de Suniga D. Iohn de Taxis D. Blasco d' Arragon with diuers other knights and gentlemen of the kings house and chamber bringing diuers coaches with them Simancas was not aboue six English miles from Court. Vpon the way the earle of Nottingham was persuaded to goe into a banqueting house which stood vpon the highway and to see the delicacie of their orchards and gardens and to tast of the fruits but it was rather to stay for the noblemen which were appointed by the king to meet him During his stay in this garden there was a horse presented vnto him from the king which he did vsually ride on After an houres stay there came diuers Grandoes Noblemen 〈◊〉 the Earle of Nottingham and other noblemen the chiefe whereof were the duke of Frias Constable of Castille lately embassadour in England the duke of Infantasgo the duke of Albuquerque the duke of Cea the duke of Sessa the duke of Pastrana the marquesse of S. German the earle of Chinchon the earle of Punno en Rostro the marquesse of Baneza the earle of Aguilar the earle of Berosa the earle of Nieua the earle of Corunna the earle of Paredes the marquesse of Carpio the marquesse of Tauera the marquesse of Villanoua the earle of Salinas the marquesse of Seralua the marquesse de Fuentes the marquesse of Alcanices the earle of Galues the Admirall of Arragon with many other lords and knights The earle with all these nobles and his whole traine being vpon the way the weather being exceeding hot there fell a verie great showre which continued vntill they came into the towne where his lodging was appointed in the house of the earle of Salinas not farre from Court There was a multitude of people and eight hundred coaches as it was thought full of ladies and gentlewomen gotten out of the towne to see the earle and his companie I omit the manner of their marshalling with the Spanish knights and lords They entred by a gate called Puerta del Campo and passed through the chiefe parts of the towne by the Court gate the king queene and ladies standing as they said at certaine windowes to take view of the companie That night there came diuers noblemen and the queene sent her Major Domo to visit his Lordship which caused some admiration in the Spaniards who saied they neuer knew the like fauour done to any embassador The day after his Lordship comming to Vailledolit D. Francisco Gomes de Sandoual duke of Lerma the kings great fauourite being accompanied by many dukes and earles came to visit him and so consequently all embassadours and most of the Grandoes and noblemen of the Court came to visit him and congratulate his comming He had his first audience on Saturday the eighteenth of May. In the morning the king sent the earle of Galues and diuers of his priuie chamber to visit his Lordship In the afternoone the Constable came accompanied with aboue twentie noblemen The Earle goes to Court wherof three or foure were of the Grandoes bringing many coaches with them to conduct his Lordship and his companie to Court The kings gard made a way for them them to the presence chamber doore they being three hundred in number Suisses Spaniards and Wallons attired in red and yellow veluet but of seuerall fashions At the palace gate stood the duke of Infantasgo and the marquesse of Vellada with diuers noblemen knights and gentlemen to receiue his Lordship to conduct the companie into the presence where the king sat vnder a rich cloth of Estate His Audience and by him eight
and did no more acknowledge the Miralmumins of Afrike Abderrahamen 1. yeare 757 Hizen his sonne 787 Haliathan sonne to Hizen 794 Abderrahamen 2. 819 Mahumet 839 Almundir 874 Abdalla 876 Abderrahamen Almansor 3. 889 Hali Hatan 2. 939 Aizen 2. 956 Zuleima 989 Mahumet 3. 993 Hali. 1001 Cacin 1003 Hiaia 1007 Abderrahamen 1007 Mahumet 4. 1007 Hizen 3. 1009 Ioar 1011 Mahumet 5. 1014 After these there were great alterations and changes among the Moores in Spaine sometimes free sometimes vnder the kings of Maroc and Fez in the end the realme of Granado was erected the which continued aboue two hundred and fiftie yeares vnder the kings which follow GRANADO Mahumet Aben Alhamar 1236 Mahumet Mir Almus his sonne 1272 Mahumet Aben Alhamar Aben Azar 1302 Mahumet Azar Aben Leuin 1309 Ismael 2319 Mahumet Sonne to Ismaell 1322 Ioseph Aben Amet. 1334 Mahumet Lagus 1354 Mahumet the Vermeil raigned two yeres but Mahumet whom he had expelled returned Mahumet Guadix 1379 Ioseph his Sonne 1392 Mahumet Aben Balua 1396 Ioseph 1407 Mahumet Aben Azar 1423 Mahumet the little 1427 Ioseph Aben Almao 1432 Mahumet Aben Ozmen 1445 Ismael 1453 Muley Alboacen 1462 Mahumet Boabdelin the little 1482 Muley Boabdelin 1485 This king being expelled from Granado by Mahumet aboue named retained Malaga Basa Almerie Guadix and some other places which were taken from them by the kings D. Ferdinand and D. Isabell some by force some by composition Boabdelin remaining sole king of Granado whereof he was dispossest by the same kings The Titles and families of all the Dukes Marquesses and Earles of Spaine THe duke of Lerma and of Cea They are called Grandes to whome the king giues leaue to stand couered before him All dukes be Grandes Marquesse of Denia and Villamisar Earle of Ampudia of the Councel of state cup-bearer to king Philip 3. and master of his horse commander Maior of Castille captain general of the horse of Spain and of the holy church of Toledo Adelantado or Lord President of Casorla the head of the house of Roias and Sandoual he holds his estate in Castille the old and his house in Vailledolit and in Denia 2 The duke of Frias Marques of Berlanga earle of Haro Lord of the house of the seuen Infants of Lara Constable of Castille Iustice Maior and high Chamberlain he is the chiefe of the Velascos his house is in Burgos his estate in Castille the old in the mountains of Biscaie and the hils of Soria hee is of the Councel of State and President of the Councell of Italie he had a daughter which was married to the duke of Bragance 3 The duke of Medina of Riosecco Marques of Modica earle of Melgar Vicont of Esterlin Admiral of Castille head of the Enriques he holds in house in Vailledolit and his estate in the Prouince of Campos Catalonia and Sicilia 4 The duke of Alua and Guesca marques of Coria Earle of Saluatieria VicoÌ„t of Saldicâ—s lord of Valde Comeia the chiefe of the familie of the Toledos he holds his house in Salamanca and his estate in Castille the old towards Portugal and the realm of Granado he is Constable of Nauarre and a knight of the order of the Golden fleece 5 The duke of Infantado Marques of Cenete and Santillana earle of Saldanes Lord of the royaltie of Mansanares and head of the Mendosas he hath his house in the citie of Guadalajara and his estate in the kingdome of Toledo and in the moâ—ntaines of Castille the old and in the Prouince of Alaua he is of the Councell of State 6 The duke of Medina Celi Marques of Cogolludo Earle of Port SaÌ„cta Maria chief of the familie of Los Cerdas his house is in Medina Celi and his estate in the Realm of Toledo Seuille he is of the bloud Royall of Castille 7 The duke of Medina Sidonia Marques of S. Lucar of Barameda Earle of Niebta head of the family of Guzmans he holds his house in Seuille and S. Lucar and his estate in the country of Seuille 8 The duke of Escalona Marques of Moya earle of Esteuan hee hath his house in the citie of Toledo and his estate in the realmes of Murcia and in la Mancha he is chiefe of the Pachecos he was married vnto the sister of the duke of Bragance 9 The duke of Oâ—una Marques of Pegnafiel earle of Vrena head of the familie of Girones he hath his house in Pegnafiel and his estate in the realm of Seuille and in Castille 10 The duke of Bejar Marques of Gibraleon earle of Benalcacar head of the Zunigas and of the familie of Soto Maior he holds his house in Seuille and his estate in the realme of Seuille and in Castille the old he is of the bloud royall 11 The duke of Albuquerque Marques of Biedma Cuellar earle of Ledesina head of the familie of the Cueuas he hath his house in Cuellar his estate in Estremadura and in Castille the old 12 The duke of Alcala de los Gasules Marques of Tarisa earle of Hornos and Villamartin chiefe President of Andalusia he is of the familie of the Enriques and Riberas hee hath his house in the citie of Seuille and his estate in Andalusia hee hath married with a daughter of the Marques of Castell Rodrigo Verrey of Portugall 13 The duke of Sesa and Terranoua Earle of Cabra and Baena head of the Cordouas of Aguilar he holds his house in Cordoua and Granado and his estate in the kingdome of Naples in the realme of Cordoua he is of the Councel of state and chiefe steward to the Queene 14 The duke of Najara earle of Treuigno Valencia of D. Iohn hee is head of the familie of the Manriques de Lara he hath his house at Najara and his estate in the Prouince of Rioje and in the realme of Leon. 15 The Duke of Maqueda Marques of Elche head of the Cardenas hee hath his house in Toledo and his estate in the realm of Seuille 16 The duke of Feria Marques of Safra head of the familie of the Figeroas he hath his estate in Estremadura and his house in Safra 17 The duke of Arcos Marques of Lara earle of Marchena head of the house of Pances hee hath his estate in Andalusia and house in Seuille 18 The duke of Gandia marques of Laiba head of the family of the Borâ—as hee hath his estate and house in the Realme of Valencia 19 The duke of Sogorue and Cordoua marques of Comares lord of Lucena of the bloud royall of Arragon and of la Cerde hee hath his house in the citie of Valencia and the Duchie of Sogorue in the realme of Valencia and that of Cordoua in Cattelonia and his greatest estate in the realme of Cordoua 20 The duke of Soma earle of Panamos admiral of Naples his of the family of the Cardonas he hath he is house at Belpuche and his estate in the Realme of Naples 21 The duke of Villahermosa
place but D. Egas Nugnes the Earles Gouernor going foorth with a safe-conduct they so treated as vpon a promise which Don Egas made vnto the King that the Earle of Portugall should take an oath of fealtie as to his Soueraigne he returned satisfied into his Countrey without doing any other exploit but the Earle D. Alphonso Henriques would not performe that which his Gouernor had promised wherefore D. Egas went to the King beeing at Toledo and there presenting himselfe at his feete with a halter about his necke he craued pardon for that which he had promised and could not performe which was that the Earle should do him homage for his Earledome of Portugall whom the King pardoned beeing duly informed that hee had done his best indeanour to effect his promise These wars which were the first the Castillans had against the Portugals written by the Historians of Portugall wherof notwithstanding others make no mention past about the year 1127. D. Theresa for that time had no ease Her sister D. Vrraca made her residence in Saint Vincents church beeing streightly garded yet they say that going one day to Saint Isidores church in Leon to take the treasure which her father and grandfather had giuen vnto that place as she was carrying this prey Death prodigious to D. Vrraca of Castile hauing one foote within and another without the doore shee burst in the middest a worthie and condigne punishment due for the adulteries which shee had committed and the murthers which ensued not long after to the preiudice and dishonour of the Kings house and of all the Christian Estate in Spaine as also for the sacriledge Others say that shee dyed in the Castell of Saldagne beeing brought in bed of a child by stealth So Don Alphonso Raymond remayned destitute and without a mother About that time the king of Castile prouoked by the Moores who were entered into the Territories of Toledo marched farre into their countrey and tooke from them by a long and painefull seege Calatraua taken from the Moores the towne of Calatraua the which he gaue to the Archbishop of Toledo beeing a great fauourer of the Church and Clergie into the which he put a good garrison the which some beleeue were Templers who were wonderfully increased and growne exceeding rich euen in Spaine After which D. Alphonso Raymond tooke from the Infidels Alarcos Caracuel Almodouar del campo and other places whereof he fortfied some and razed others At that time there raigned ouer the Moores in Spaine and Affricke Hâ—li Aben-Tefin the third Miralmumin and last of the Almorauides vpon whom the King of Castile extended his limits vnto the Mountaines called Sierra Morena where he fortified Pedroche then he past into Andalousia with a great army and layd feege vnto the towne of Iaen but it was in vaine for being valiantly defended by the Moores he was forced to retire and returned with his army into Castile This King D. Alphonso had married D. Berenguela Cattelogne daughter to Don Raymond Arnould Earle of Barcelone An. 1131. who dyed in the yeare 1131. hauing held the Earledome eight and forty yeares A little before his death he made himselfe of the Order of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem called the Hospitaliers The Earledome of Prouence was fallen vnto him in the right of his wife D. Doulce and of other lands in France whereof hee caused himselfe to be called Marquis Genealogie of Cattelogne by which Lady he had two sonnes D. Raymond Berenger who succeeded him in the principalitie of Cattelogne and afterward came by marriage to the Crowne of Arragon and D. Berenger Raymond who was Earle or Marquis of Prouence thus ordered by his will of D. Doulce was also borne D. Berenguela Queene of Castille and two other daughters who were married into France The Earledome of Prouence had beene in question betwixt D. Raymond Arnould and the Earle of Tholousa and Saint Giles but their sute after many delayes was ended by accord which was That the lands of Prouence lying betwixt the riuers of Durance and Isera making at this day a part of Daulphine should belong vnto the Earle of Tholousa with the Castell of Beaucaire the Lands of Argence Castell of Bolobrege and the moitie of the cittie of Auignon and of Pont de Sorge the rest should remaine to the Earle of Barcelone According vnto this diuision D. Berenger Raymond did inherit Prouence and there was added that if any of the parties dyed without lawfull heires the other should succeede Among other Articles of D. Raymond Arnoulds restament he ordained that if his heires dyed without lawfull children his daughter Berenguela Queene of Castile and Leon and D. Ximena wife to Roger Earle of Foix should succeed By this noble and vertuous Queene D. Berenguela D. Alphonso king of Castile Genealogie of Castile had foure children D. Sancho who was king of Castile hee was bred vp in his youth and gouerned by D. Gâ—itiere Fernandes de Castro The second D. Fernand who did inherite the Realmes of Leon and Gallicia and two daughters D. Isabella called by some D. Constance wife to the French King Lewis the young the seuenth of that name he that did put away Elenor Countesse of Poictiers heire of Guienne daughter to Count Willyam who after this diuorce married with Henry Duke of Aniou and Normandie who beeing heire to the Crowne of England had long and cruell warres against the French by reason of this Ladies patrimonie the which continued aboue three hundred yeares vnto King Charles the seuenth The second dughter which D. Alphonso had by D. Berenguela was called D. Sancha or by others D. Beacia who was Queene of Nauarre hauing married the king D. Sancho surnamed the Wise or the Valiant as others write There is to be seene among the tombes which are in the great Chappell of the Monasterie of Ogna an inscription of D. Garcia who they imagine was sonne to the sayd D. Alphonso who had a second wise daughter to Vladislaus Duke of Polonia called D. Riâ—a by whome he had one daughter called D. Sancha who was married to D. Alphonso the fixt king of Arragon the second of that name He had familiar acquaintance with two Gentlewomen whereof the one which was called D. Maria brought him a daughter called D. Stephana or Estienette the other which was called D. Gontrude bare him D. Vrraca who was first married to D. Garcia Ramires King of Nauarre and for her second husband she married a wise and valiant Knight called D. Aluaro Rodrigues without any respect of her degree falling from a Queene to be the wife of a simple Knight it may be the Ladies of those times had no such haughtie spirits as they haue at this day or else could not distinguish betwixt vertue and fortune D. Stephana her sister was married to another Knight of the house of Castro whome they called D. Fernand Rodrigues the Castillan from whom issued a sonne called D. Pedro Fernandes de
of Albornoz Marriage treated of betwixt D. Pedro King of Castile and Blanch of Bourbon were sent Ambassadors into France to treat of a marriage betwixt the king and Blanch daughter to Peter duke of Bourbon whose elder sister Ieanne was married to Charls the Daulphin son to king Iohn then raigning in France the marriage was concluded but vnfortunate was the issue as wil appeere D. Pedro hauing begun his raigne by such violences he abated nothing in the continuance for the assembly of Vailledolit being ended hearing that D. Alphonso Cornel was discontented with those things which he had done and that he fortified himselfe in his town of Aguilar in Andalusia and on the other side D. Tello one of the children of D. Leonora with his brother D. Henry fortefied the one at Arande of Duero the other at Gijon he went against them in person first beseeged Gijon Bein at this seege he fel in loue with a gentlewoman attending vpon D. Isabella of Meneses wife to D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque her name was D. Maria of Padilla she was smal of statute Loues of the King D. Pedro but exceeding faire and pleasing with whom he was so far in loue as notwithstanding he attended the comming of his new spouse out of France yet must he satisfie his lust with this imploying therein not only D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque his mignon Vncle boude to his Neece but euen an vncle of the gentlewomans her mothers brother called Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça who managed the businesse so wel as he brought her deliuered her vnto him at Sahagun very tractable Gijon yeelded and D. Henry retired so as the army was led against D. Tellos conutry who was retired into Arragon but by the meanes of the King of Arragon their peace was concluded betwixt the Ambassadors of these two Princes at Soria with shew that it would continue wherefore there was not any one more to subdue but D. Alphonso Fernand Cornel for the which the troupes had marched towards Andalusia and he was beseeged in Aguilar where he was wel fortefied but what can one knight doe how powerfull soeuer against the power of a King the place was taken and Alponso being retired into a tower he yeelded to D. Diego Gomes of Toledo whose great friend he had beene hoping that by his meanes he should obtaine his life or that his goods should be preserued for his children As they led him prisoner he met with D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque who said vnto him that he wondred how he who had shewed himselfe so braue a knight had vndertaken so foolish an enterprise To whom he answered That it was the custome of Castile to make men and to vndoe them sodainely D. Alphonso had beene at the taking and death of D. Gonçalo Martines of Ouiedo Aquilar taken and the vnworthy death o◠D. Alphonso Fernand Cornel. maister of Alcantara During the raigne of King D. Alphonso and the same day and month that he was slaine by the father this man was put to death by the commandment of the son and with him were also executed D. Pedro Cornel his cousin Iohn Alphonso Carillo Iuanes of Biedma Iohn Gonçales of Asa and Ponce Diaz of Quesada The wals of Aquilar were ruined the goods of D. Alphonso Cornel confisked giuen by the King to diuers among other D. Maria of Padilla the Kings mistres being deliuered in the city of Cordoue of a daughter whom they named d. Beatrix the King gaue her the townes of Montalban Capilla Burguillos Mondejar and Ioncos of this confiscation Pedro Suarez of Toledo had Bolano To his brother Diego Gomes was giuen Casarubros of the mountaine and to Inigo Lopes of Orosco Torija These things happened in the 1353. An. 1353. to the great discontentment of many who did much esteeme the vertue of D. Alphonso Fernandes Cornel. The King came afterwards to Torrijos in the country of Toledo where running at a Tourney he was hurt in the right hand by the which he lost such aboundance of bloud as he was in danger of his life for they could finde no meanes to stanch it Being in this cure he was aduertised of the arriuall of Blanch of Bourbon his spowse at Vailledolit being accompanied by the Vicont of Narbone and many other Noblemen and Knights of France who had beene receiued with great shewes of ioy by D. Maria the Queene mother but the King was wonderfully troubled for he was so transported with the alurements of D. Maria of Padilla as hee was amazed at these newes as if hee had beens strooke with a flash of lightning and would gladly that they had neuer spoake of marrying him yet he must of force goe to Vailledolit to celebrate the marriage and to perswade him therevnto D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque returned happely out of Portugal whether he had beene sent and without him who gouerned all the King had not dislodged D. Iohn Alphonso brought with him from Portugal D. Iohn de la Cerde sonne to D. Lewis who was sonne in law to D. Alphonso Fernandes Cornel and came out of Affrike whether he had retired himselfe during the dissentions and ciuil warres of Castile and had conducted some enterprises happely for King Alboanen against Alfohaçen his father Bringing letters of fauour and recommendation from the King of Portugal this Prince was receiued into grace by the King but he gaue him not any part of his father in lawes goods In Spaine they report a strange case of D. Maria Cornel his wife That hauing some prouocations of desire in her husbands absence she quencht her lust by death thrusting vp burning fire brands into her body Before the Kings going to Vailledolit he made an accord with his brethren D. Henry and D. Tello who were come in armes and wel accompanied to Cigales and then he went tio celebrate his marriage much against his will but perswaded therevnto by D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque who desired to see the King to haue a lawfull heire and was in some iealousie of his owne authority fearing least the kinsmen of D. Maria of Padilla whom he himselfe had giuen vnto the King should get before him in the gouernment of the affaires as it was likely The third day after the marriage notwithstanding any perswasions or intreaties which D. Maria the Queene mother and D. Leonora Queene Dowager or Arragon his aunt The King D. Pedro quits his new spouse there daies after his marriage he left his new bridge a young Princesse of 18. yeeres of age and went with all speed to Montalban nere vnto Toledo to visit Donna Maria of Padilla by whom he was inchanted This vnworhty part of the Kings did much trouble the whole court especially D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque who finding by some signes that the King was not pleased with him by reason of this marriage hee durst not to follow him but retired to his houses Don Fernand and D.
Iohn Infants of Arragon with many other knights followed him He tooke D. Maria of Padilla from Montalban brought her to Toledo These that were about him preuayled so by their intreaties as he returned to Vailledolit to his wife but he stayed but two dayes and went away againe leauing the Lady much perplexed at these strange courses The Queene D. Blanche retired with the Queene-mother to Tordesillas and the king returned to D. Mary of Padilla who entertained the hatred and dislike which the king had of his wife that shee alone might enioy him It is written by Diego of Valera that among all the precious iewels which the Queene had brought out of France there was a rich girdle which she presented to the king her husband the which D. Mary of Padilla hauing in her power she found out a Iew Girdle inchanted a Magitian which did inchant it so as when the king would put it on beeing amazed and demanding what Prodigie it might be his minions who were allyed to his concubine answered that they were the goodly presents which this French Gentlewoman had brought him Whereupon he was much incensed against this poore Lady In the meane time D. Tello the kings base brother married D. Ieanne the eldest daughter of D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara deceased whereuppon by this marriage he became Lord of Biscay and of the other places and lands aboue-mentioned the which did much offend the king causing him to grow into a greater furie and rage against him and the rest then before whereof the sharpest effects were against them that reprooued his leud life and the indignities he did vnto the Queene his wife whom for spite hee caused to be led to Areualo with a guard and vnder the custodie of Don Pedro Gudiâ—l Bishop of Segobia and a Bourgesse of Toledo in whome he trusted his name was Tello Palomochio as a prisoner and began to displace all the Officers of her house and al others which had beene aduanced by the fauor of D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque hee tooke away the Office of Chamberlaine from Guttiere Fernandes of Toledo and gaue it to Diego Garcia of Padilla brother to his Mistris that of Cup-bearer which Iohn Rodrigues of Viedma held was giuen to Aluar Garcia of Albornoz the allowance of diet was taken from Guttiere Gomes of Toledo and giuen to Pero Gonçales of Mendoça a great Lord in Alaua from whence are descended the Dukes of Infantazgo In Seuile the king did also change many of the chiefe Officers of the Realme which had beene aduanced by the fauour and councell of Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque giuing them to others that were recommended by Diego Garcia of Padilla and Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça namely he looke the gouernment of the frontier from Don Garcia Fernandes Manriquez and aduanced Fernand Perez Puerto Carrero Thus the king altered things within his Realme forced the greatest to humble themselues and to sue vnto the kinsfolkes and fauorites of Donna Maria of Padilla hating all them deadly that did but tell him that he ought to loue Donna Blanche the Queene his wife and liue Christian-like and honestly with her as Don Gil Carillo of Albornoz Arch-bishop of Toledo had sought to do who being of his councell and a Prelate of great dignitie in Spaine had presumed to reprehend his disordered life in that behalfe Arch-bishop of Toledo forced to leaue Spaine but hee tooke it in so ill part as this reuerent man was forced to abandon all the liuing hee had in Spaine and retire to Auignon to Pope Clement by whose successor Innocent the sixth who came to the Popedome that yeare 1353. he was made Cardinall and in his life-time they proceeded to a new election in the Arch-bishoppricke of Toledo and Primacie of Spaine putting in his place one Don Blaise This King made himselfe to be feared and so much hated of all the Noblemen of his Realme as euery man made choice of a party and sought how to assure himselfe from his fury and violence Don Iohn Nugnes of Prado Master of Calatraua a friend to Don Iohn Alphonso of Abuquerque retired into Arragon to the Commanderie of Alcaniz but the king who had a desire to haue him in his power sought all meanes lawfull and vnlawfull to assure him so as he made him come vppon his faith and promise that he should haue to harme This good Knight who found himselfe guiltlesse of any crime but that he had beene a friend to the Lord of Albuquerque came into Castile to the towne of Almagro but he was presently beseeged by the kings commandement by Don Iohn de la Cerde and by Peter Nugnes of Godoy who notwithstanding did secretly aduice him to returne into Arragon before that the king who was gone out of Seuile to come thither were arriued the which he would not do saying That he found his conscience free from all rebellion and that he had no cause to feare to put himselfe into the kings mercy but it succeeded ill for him The king beeing come the master came vnto him and cast himselfe at his feet intreating him to receiue him in his iustifications but this cruell Prince refusing to heare him him Imprisonment and murther of D. Iohn Nugnes of Prado master of Calatraua depriued him instantly of the Master-ship of Calatraua the which he gaue to Diego Garcia of Padilla and commaunded that he should bee carried prisoner to the castell of Masqueda whereas Stephen Domingo of Auila commanded an there within few dayes after he was murthered by Diego Lopes of Portas seruant to Diego Garcia of Padilla whereof the king would haue excused himselfe saying That it was done without his commandement but it appeared sufficiently that he was not discontented there-with Going from Almagro the king came before the towne of Medellin belonging to the Lord of Albuquerque whereas Diego Gomes of Silua a Knight of Galicia a commanded the towne yeelded fearing the kings furie and soone after the castle the which the king in disdaine of the Lord of Albuquerque caused to be instantly razed after which hee led his army before Albuquerque the which was held in the name of their Lord by Martin Alphonso Botello a Genlteman of Portugall and vnder him commanded Peter Esteuanez Carpintero Commander maior of Calatraua The King hauing summoned them to yeeld the place vppon refusall he proclaymed them Rebels whereof the Portugall who was not his subiect made no accompt The Commander excused himselfe saying That the place was not in his power Wherefore he past on towards Cobdesera another place belonging to Don Iohn Alphonso the which he would not take so as after some skirmishes he left Don Henry Earle of Transtamare and Don Frederic Master of S. Iames his breethren who followed him against their wils and he came to Caceres Afterwards he resolued to send ambassadors into Portugall whither the Lord of Albuquerque was retired to demand him of the king of Portugall as his