side hee sawe the puissaunce of hys aduersaries the suddayne departing of them whome he most trusted and all thyngs turned vpside downe he euidently sawe and manifestly perceyued that hee was forsaken of them â–ª by whome in time hee myghte haue bin ayded and relieued where now it was too late and too farre ouerpassed Thys surelye is a very notable example A special note worthy to bee well wayed and not vnworthye of all Princes to bee well wayed and diligently marked that this Henry Duke of Lancaster shoulde be thus called to the kingdome and haue the helpe and assistance almost of all the whole realme which perchaunce neuer thereof thought or yet dreamed and that king Richard should thus be left desolate voide and in despaire of all hope and comfort in whom if there were anye offence it ought rather to bee imputed to the frayletie of wanton youth than to the malice of his hart but such is y e deceiuable iudgement of man whiche not regarding thyngs present with due coÌ„sideration thinketh euer that things to come shall haue good successe and a pleasante delectable ende Sir Thomas Percye Earle of Worceter The Earle of Worcester leaueth the K. and fleeth to the Duke Lord Steward of the kyngs house either being so commaunded by the King or else vpon displeasure as some write for that the King had proclaymed his brother the Earle of Northumberlande Traytor brake his whyte staffe which is the representing signe and token of his office and without delay wente to Duke Henry When the Kyngs seruauntes of housholde sawe this for it was done before them all they dispersed themselues some into one Countrey and some into an other When the Duke of LaÌ„caster vnderstoode that King Richarde was returned foorth of Ireland he left y e Duke of Yorke still at Bristowe and came backe with his power vnto Berkley the seconde daye hee came to Gloucester and so to Roos after to Hereforde where came to him the Byshop of Hereford and Sir Edmond Mortimer Knighte On the Sonday following he went to Limster and there the Lord Charleton came to him From thence he went to Ludlowe and the next day to Shrewesburie Where fortune fauoreth thyther the peoples fauor fleeth where hee rested one daye and thither came to him Sir Roberte Legh and Sir Iohn Legh and manie other beeing sente from Chester to treate with the Duke of Lancaster for the Citie and Countie of Chester that were now ready to submit themselues vnto hym in all things There came hither vnto him also the Lorde Scales and the Lorde Berdolfe foorth of Ireland hauing bin spoyled of all they hadde aboute them in Wales as they came through y e Countrey From Shrewesburie be kept on his iourney towards Chester and lodging one night by the way in a Towne there in the bordures of Wales The duke of Lancasters coÌ„ming to Chester he came the seconde night vnto Chester and stayed there certaine dayes togither making a iolly muster of his armye there in sighte of the Citie The Cleargie mette and receyued hym with procession he sent forthwith for hys sonne and heire and likewise for the Duke of Gloucesters sonne and heire that were as yet remaining in Ireland commaunding them with all speede to returne home into England but the Duke of Gloucesters sonne through mischance perished as he was on the Seas to come ouer forâ—… losse his mother tooke such griefe that shortly after through immoderate sorrowe shee likewise passed out of this transitorie life There came to him about the same tyme or somewhat before the Dukes of Aumarle and Surrey the Lord Louell and sir Iohn Stanley besieching him to receiue him into his fauour By some writers it should seeme Out of Mâ—… Dees bâ—…ke that not only the Duke of Exeter but also y e Duke of Surrey were sent vnto Duke Henry from King Richard and that Duke Henry stayed them bothe and would not suffer them to returne to the king againe keeping the Duke of Exeter still aboute him and committing the Duke of Surrey to prison within the Castell of Chester The King heerewith went to Beumaris and after to Kaernaâ—…on but finding no prouision either of vittailes or other things in those Castels no not so muche as a bed to lie in hee came backe agayne to Conwey and in the meane time was the Castell of Holte deliuered to the Duke of Hereford by those that had it in keping Holt Castell deliuered to the Duke wherein was great store of Iewels to the valew of two hundred thousand markes beside an hundred thousand markes in ready coyne After this the Duke with aduice of counsell sente the Earle of Northumberlande vnto the King accompanyed with foure hundred launces Sâ—… write 〈◊〉 the Arcâ—…â—… of Cant. and the Erle of Westmerland weâ—… also with the Earle of Northuâ—…erâ—… to Câ—…ey and a thousand archers who commyng to y e Castell of Flint had it deliuered vnto him And from thence hee hafted forthe towardes Conwey but before he approched neere y e place hee left his power behind him hid closely in two ambushes behinde a craggie mountayne besyde the high way that leadeth from Flint to Conwey This done taking not past foure or fiue with him he passed foorth till he came before y e towne and then sending an Herrault to the Kyng requested a safe conduct from the King that hee might come and talke with him which the kyng graunted The Earle of Northumberâ—… message to the King and so the Earle of Northumberlande passing the water entred the Castell and comming to the Kyng declared to hym that if it mighte please his grace to vndertake that there should be a Parliament assembled in the whyche iustice might bee had against suche as were enimies to the common wealthe and had procured the destruction of the Duke of Gloucester and other noble men and heerewith pardon the Duke of Hereford of all things wherein hee had offended him the Duke woulde bee readye to come to him on his knees to craue of him forgiuenes and as an humble subiect to obey hym in all dutifull seruices The king leaueth Conwaye castell and beâ—…th himself to his enimies The King taking aduice vppon these offers and other made by the Earle of Northumberland on the behalfe of the Duke of Hereford vppon the Earles othe for assurance that the same shoulde bee performed in eache condition agreed to goe with the Earle to meete the Duke and heerevpon taking their horses they rode forthe but the Earle rode before as it were to prepare dynner for the King at Rutland but commyng to the place where he had left his people he stayed there with them The King keeping on his way had not ridden past foure myles when he came to the place where the ambushes were lodged and being entred within daunger of them before hee was aware shewed himselfe to bee sore abasshed but now there was no remedie for the Earle
receyued and in their presence the sayde Ladie Regent tooke a corporall othe in solemne wise and according to the custome in such cases vsed to performe all the articles and couenants passed and concluded in the league and treatie of peace by hir CoÌ„missioners The Emperour was nothing pleased in that the king of Englande had thus concluded peace with the Frenchmen and therefore the English merchants were not so courteously dealt with as they had bene afore time In this winter was great death in London so that the Terme was adiourned and the king kept his Christmas at Eltham with a small number The still Christmas and therefore it was called the still Christenmas In Ianuarie was a peace concluded betwixt the Realmes of Englande and Scotland for iij. yeares and sixe monethes 1526 The Cardinall about this time comming to the Court which then laye as before ye haue hearde at Eltham tooke order for altering the state of the Kings house Many officers and other seruaunts were discharged and put to their pencious and annuities In which number were lxiiij yeomen of the garde which before hauing xij d the day with checke were nowe allowed vj.d. the day without checke The Cardinal altereth the state of the kings housholde and commaunded to go home into their countries Diuers ordinaÌ„ces were made at that season by the Cardinall touching the gouernaÌ„ce of the kings house more profitable than honorable as some sayde The statutes of Eltham were called long after the statutes of Eltham On Shrouetuesdaye there was a solemne iustes helde at the manor of Grenewich the king and xj other on the one part and the Marques of Exceter with xj other on the contrarie parte At those iustes by chauÌ„ce of shiuering of a speare sir Frauncis Brian lost one of his eyes The xj of Februarie being Sunday the Cardinall with great pompe came to the Cathedrall Church of Paules where he sate in Pontificalibus vnder his cloth of estate of rich cloth of gold and there D. Doctor Barnes beareth a fagot Barnes an Augustine frier bare a fagot for certaine points of heresie alledged against him and two merchants of the Stilyarde bare fagots for eating flesh on a Friday and there the Bishoppe of Rochester Doctor Fisher made a sermon against Martine Luther which certaine yeares before that is to witte about the yeare 1518. had begonne to preach and write against the authoritie of the Pope All this yeare was continuall suite made to the Emperour and his Counsell by the Ladye Regent of France other for the deliueraunce of the French king A peace concluded and finally vpoÌ„ certaine articles there was a peace and league coÌ„cluded the king of Englande included in the same Amongst other articles it was couenaÌ„ted and the French king promissed to discharge 〈◊〉 Emperor against the king of Englande for the fâ—… of .200000 crowns which the empeâ—… 〈◊〉 then to the king of England and to 〈…〉 the Emperour a sure acquitance for the foure The king of England hearing that the French K. shuld now be deliuered sent to him a knight of his chamber called sir Tho. Cheney to signifie to him the great ioy gladnes which he coÌ„ceiued for his restitution to libertie y e conclusion of the generall peace for which kindnes curteous remeÌ„brance the French king thought himselfe much bound to the king of Englande thanked him greatly therfore After that this peace was accorded the French king deliuered y e Emperor maried y e Lady Isabell daughter to Emanuell king of Portingal had wyth hir xj C.M. ducats Ye must here note that y e Emperor being at Winsor in the .14 yeare of the kings raigne couenaunted amongest other things to take to wife y e Lady Mary daughter to the king of England but now vpon coÌ„siderations his minde changed for the whiche the Englishemen sore murmured against him An. reg 18. The .29 of Aprill being Sundaye y e Cardinall song a solemne Masse in the kings Chapell at Greenwich after the same was ended the king sware in presence of the Ambassadors of France Kyng Henry svvorn to perâ—… the leagâ—…e concluded of the Ambassadors of Rome of y e Emperor of Venice of Florence to obserue keepe the peace league concluded beetwixte him and his louing brother perpetuall allie y e Frenche king during his life one yeare after In this mean while there was a secrete league concluded betwixt the Pope the Venetians y e Florentins A secret league betvvixte the Pope and certain states of Italye Francis Sforza duke of Millan into the which league the French king also entred after he was returned into France Ther was also place lefte to the king of England to enter into the same league and likewise to all other kings princes if the King of EnglaÌ„d wold he should be admitted as protector of the same But the Emperor might not be admitted till he had deliuered the French kings children hauing a reasonable sum of mony for the same and hadde restored the Duke of Millan to his whole Dutchy It was thought in deede that the Emperor being wrongfully enformed against this Duke rather through enuy of some of the Emperors Captaines than for any cause ministred by the Duke dealte very straightlye with him and ment to defeat him of his Duchie For redresse whereof and also to prouide that the Emperour should not grow to strong to Italy to the daunger of other estates 〈◊〉 league waâ—…â—…ed â—…rce whereof â—…ght 〈…〉 to reason if he wold reâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…ffâ—… 〈◊〉 â—…ent ways of a â—…t This league was â—…ed the 〈◊〉 â—…d twentith of May in this yeare What â—…ed thereof yee maye reade more at large in the â—…ries of 〈◊〉 and FraÌ„ce where the warres are more at large of 〈◊〉 whiche 〈◊〉 in that 〈…〉 Emperour and the Comâ—…â—…tes and 〈◊〉 the â—…mperiall â—…aye tooke the Citie of Boâ—…e and besiegyng the Pope in Castell Sainct Angelo conâ—…ed him to â—…e This yeare in the â—…te of London a greate grudge was conceiued agaynst merchaÌ„t â—…ngers for that they by vertue of licences Creat grudge againste straungers fer procuring licences to sell vvoad whiche they hadde purchased to bring woade into the realme contrary to a statute thereof prouided broughts ouer such plentie thereof and vttered it aswell in the citie as abroade in the country so frankely that Englishemennes woade laye vnbought At length the Maior called a counsal wherin to bâ—…le these strangers it was enacted that no citizen nor freeman should buy or fell nor exchange or haue to due wyth certayne strangers whose names were expressed In this season the angell noble was iust the sixt part of an ounce Troy Valuation of certain coyne so that .vj. Angels were iust an ounce which was .xl. ss sterling and the angell was worth two â—…ces of siluer so that sixe Angelles were worth .xij. ounces which
as hee was an eloquent and well spoken man that the Lord Lisle tooke suche immoderate ioy thereof that his heart beeing oppressed therewith The Lord Lisle died through immoderate ioy hee dyed the night following through too much reioycing After his deceasse the twelfth of the same moueth of Marche sir Iohn Iudeley sonne and heire to the said Lord Lisles wife was at Westminster created Vicount Lisle The seuenteÌ„th of March one Margaret Dauie a yong woman being a seruant was boyled in Smithfield for poysoning of hir mistres with whome she dwelt and diuers other persons George Ferrers In the Lent season whilest the Parliamente yet continued one George Ferrers Gentleman seruaunt to the K. being elect a Burgesse for the Towne of Plimmouth in the Countie of Deuon in going to the Parliament house was arrested in LondoÌ„ by a proces out of y e kings bench at the sute of one White for the summe of two C. markes or thereabouts wherein he was late afore condemned as a suretie for the debt of one Weldon of Salisburie which arrest being signified to sir Tho. Moyle knight then speaker of the Parliament and to the knights and Burgesses there order was taken that the Sergeant of the Parliamente called S. Iohn shoulde forthwith repaire to y e Counter in Bredstreete whither the said Ferrers was caried and there to demaunde deliuerie of y e prisoner The Sergeant as he had in charge went to the Counter and declared to the Clearkes there what he had in commaundement But they other officers of y e Citie were so far from obeying the said commandement as after many stout words they forcibly resisted the said Sergeant wherof ensued a fray within the Counter gates betwene the said Ferrers and the said officers not without hurt of eyther part so that the saide Sergeante was driuen to defende himselfe w t his mace of armes had y e Crowne therof broken by bearing of a stroke and his man striken downe During this braule the Sherifes of London called Rowlande Hill and Henrye Suckliffe came thither to whome the Sergeant complayned of this iniurie and required of them the deliuerie of the saide Burges as afore But they bearing with their officers made little accompt either of his complaint or of his message reiecting the same contemptuously with much pronde language so as the SergeaÌ„t was forced to returne without the prisoner And finding the speaker and al the knightes and burgesses sette in their places declared vnto them the whole case as it fell who tooke the same in so ill parte that they altogither of whome there were not a fewe as wel of the kings priuie counsayle as also of his priuie chamber would sit no longer without their burges but rose vp wholly and repaired to the vpper house where the whole case was declared by the mouth of the speaker before sir Tho. Audeley knight then L. Chancellor of Englande and all the Lordes and Iudges there assembled who iudging the contempt to be very greate referred the punishmente thereof to the order of the common house They returning to their places againe vpon new debate of the ease tooke order that their Sergeant should eâ—…oones repaire to the Sheriffes of London and require deliuerie of the said Burges without any writte or warrant had for the same but only as afore Albeit the Lorde Chancellor offered there to graunt a writte which they of the coÌ„mon house refused beeing in a cleare opinion that all commaundements and other actes proceeding from the nether house were to bee done and executed by their Serieant without writte only by shew of his mace which was his warrant But before the Serieantes returne into London the Sheriffes hauing intelligence howe heynously the matter was taken became somewhat more milde so as vpon the sayd second demaund they deliuered the prisoner without any deny all But the Serieant hauing then further in commaundemente from those of the nether house charged the sayde Sheriffes to appeare personally on the morrow by eyght of the clocke before the Speaker in the nether house and to bring thither the Clearkes of the Counter and such other of their officers as were parties to the sayde affray and in like manner to take into his custody the sayd White which wittingly procured the sayde arrest in contempte of the priuiledge of the Parliamente Whiche commaundemente beeing done by the sayde Serieant accordingly on the morrowe the two Sheriffes with one of the Clearkes of the Counter whyche was the chiefe occasion of the sayde affray togyther with the sayde White appeared in the common house where the speaker charging them with theyr contempte and misdemeanoure aforesayde they were compelled to make immediate aunswere withoute beeyng admitted to any counsayle Albeit Sir Roger Cholmeley then Recorder of London and other of the Counsayle of the Citie there present offered to speake in the cause whiche were all put to silence and none suffered to speake but the parties themselues wherevpon in conclusion the said Sheriffes and the same White were committed to the Tower of LondoÌ„ the said Clearke whiche was the occasion of y e fray to a place there called litle ease y e officer of LondoÌ„ which did y e 〈◊〉 called Tailor w t iiij other officers to Newgate where they remained froÌ„ the xxviij vntill y e vxx of March theÌ„ they were deliuered not without huÌ„ble 〈◊〉 made by the Maior of London â—… other their frends And forasmuch as the sayd Fewers being in execution vpon a coÌ„demnation of debt and set at large by priuiledge of Parliament was not by lawe to be brought againe into execution and so the partie without remedie for his debt as well against him as his principall debter after long debate of the same by the speeâ—…e of ix or x. dayes togither at last they resolued vppon an Acte of Parliament to be made and to reuiueth execution of the sayde debt agaynst the sayde Welden which was principall debter and to discharge the sayde Ferrers But before this came to passe the Common house was deuided vpon the question but in conclusion the Acte passed for the sayde Ferrers wonne by xiiij voyces The King then being aduertised of all this proceeding called immediatlye before him the Lord Chauncelor of England and his Iudges with the Speaker of the Parliament and other of the grauest persons of the nether house to whome he declared his opinion to this effect First commending their wisedome in maintayning the priuiledges of their house which he woulde not haue to be infringed in any poynte alledged that he being heade of the Parliament and attending in his owne person vpon the businesse thereof ought in reason to haue priuiledge for him and his all seruauntes attending there vpon him So that if the sayde Ferrers had bene no Burgesse but onely his seruant that in respect thereof he was to haue the priuiledge as well as any other For I vnderstand quoth he that your not
riueret from Couentry which some doe call Shirburne water it goeth thence to Bagginton where it taketh in a rill called Kynel as I haue red from Kenelsworth Kyâ—… froÌ„ whence it runneth to Stonley and so into the Auon After this confluence the Auon procedeth on to Stonley Abbey Ashehow Miluerton Edmonds cote and a pace to Warwijc But ere it come there it méeteth from south east with two waters in one chanell wherof the least commeth to Marton from bishops Itchington by Herburbiry and Thorpe where it crosseth a rill from Southam The other is called Leame Leâ—… or Lime that descendeth from about Helladon or néere vnto Catosby in Northampton shire and goyng by OueÌ„cote Braunston Lemington and Merton it ioyneth with the other and then go from thence together vnder the name of Leame to Hunnington Cobbington and so into the Auon as I gaue notice before At Warwycke also the Auon taketh in a water runnyng northwest from Groue parke Thence it goeth on to Bereford and there crossing another from Shirburne it passeth forth to bishops Hampton meting finally with the third froÌ„ Kineton that runneth by Walton and Charlcotâ—… After this last rehersed confluence it hasteth to Stretford vpon Auon and theÌ„ to Luddington ward where it taketh in the Stoure that riseth aboue Cherington Stâ—… and whose course from thence is such as that beyng once past the head it goeth by Weston and ere long crossing a water from Campden hangyng Aston and Todnam it runneth to Barcheston Aldermaston Clifford and so into the Auon From hence then the sayd Auon goeth to Luddington Burton Bitford and Cleue and beyng parted from the said towne ere it come at Sawford it receiueth the Arrow or Aur Arrâ—… which rising in the blacke hils in Worcester shire commeth by Alchurche Beley parke Ypsley Studley theÌ„ taking in another ril called Alne â—…lne out of Fecknam forest going by CowghtoÌ„ park it hasteth to Alcester Arrow Ragley Wheteley Bouington StaÌ„dford so into AuoÌ„ which after this coÌ„iunctioÌ„ goeth to VffentoÌ„ theÌ„ to Eouesholm But ere it come there it receyueth twoo waters in one Chanell whereof the first ryseth about Willersey y e other néere to Buckland and ioyning beneath Badsey they fall into Auon â—…ludor vnder the name of Pludor brooke before it come to Eouesholme Beyng past Eouesholme it crosseth y e Vincell which rysing out of the hilles somewhere about Sudley â—…ncêlus runneth twoo myles farther to Winchelcome and Gretton and taking in a ryll by the waye from Hayles procéedeth on going within one quarter of a myle of Hayles Abbaie to Tuddington or Doddington beneath which when it hath crossed another rill that commeth from Stanwaie it goeth to Warmington Sedgeborow and receyuing there the last on the ryght hande also as all aboue rehearsed it falleth into the Auon wheÌ„ it is come by Hinton vnto a towne called HamptoÌ„ or as some do write it Ampton After this confluence the Auon goeth to Charlton to Crapthorne and there taking in a rill on the left hand to Fladbyry wike almost at Persore bridge méeteth with a braunched water that commeth by Piddle whereof one heade is at Alberton â—…idle an other at Pidle FroÌ„ Persore it goeth to Birlingham and soone after carrying a brooke withall discending from Fakenham by Bradley Himbleton Huddenton Crowley Churchehill PibletoÌ„ Besseforde and Desseforde it fléeteth to Eckington Bredon Twining Mitton Tewkesbiry where it ioyneth with the Sauerne Now to resume the course of the Sauerne you shall vnderstande that from Tewekesbiry it goeth to Derehirst â—…hilus theÌ„ how passage and soone after receyuing the Chiltenham water that commeth thither by Bodenton Sawton NortoÌ„ it runneth to Ashelworth Sainthirst here it parteth it self till it come to Glocester where it vniteth it self againe But in the meane time y e easterly brauÌ„ch receyueth a forked chanell wherof one heade is not farre from Leke haÌ„pton the other about WitcoÌ„b froÌ„ wheÌ„ce it goeth to Brockworth The other braunche or arme taketh in the Leaden that coÌ„meth down by PrestoÌ„ Dim mock Pantley vper Leadon Leadon court and there taking in one rill that commeth from Linton by Axeknoll â—…den and another beneath it froÌ„ Tainton by Rudforde it falleth into the sayde braunche on the right side before it come at Glocester The Sauerne therefore being past Glocester it méeteth wyth a little ryll on the ryght hande and thence holdyng on his course by Elmore Minsterwoorth Longuey to Framilode it receyueth ere it come at this latter the Strowd brooke which rising not farre from Syde Strowd goeth by Massade Edgeworth Frampton Strowde and receyuing there a water that commeth from Panneswijc Lodge by Pittescombe on the one side and another from Radbridge on the other it prosequteth hys voyage to Stone house Eflington whyte Mysen and so toward Framilode where the sayde Strowde doth fall into the Sauerne After the fall of Strowde the Sauerne goeth from thence to Newenham and Arlingham and soone after receyuing a water on eche side whereof one commeth from Vley by Cham and Chambridge the other by Blackney and Catcombe it goeth forth tyll it méete with another water on eche syde whereof that on thenglishe halfe is forked so that one heade thereof is to be founde about Boxwell the other at Horton and méeting aboue Tortworthy they runne by Stone and Barkeley Castell and so into the Sauerne That on y e welch halfe is named Newarne Newarne which commeth from the forrest of Deane and so into the Sauerne The next ryuer that falleth into the sayde streame is the Wie or Guy Wy or Guy whose description I haue not so exactly as I would wish therfore I must be contented to set it down as I may the like also must I doe w t the rest of those of wales because mine information faileth me without all hope of redresse The Guy therefore ryseth out of y e blacke mountaines of wales in Radnor shire coÌ„ming by LhaÌ„gerik Riadargoy it receiueth one ryll from northeast by s Harmon another from the west called Darnoll Darnol Thence it goeth to Lhanuthel and in the way betwixte Riadar and Lanuthell Elland it ioyneth wyth the Elland whose heade is néere to Comerystwith taketh likewise into him the Clardwen that deuideth for a season Radnor shire from Brecknoch ClardweÌ„ From Lhanuthel it goeth west of Dissart where it receyueth y e Ithan Ithan a riuer rising aboue Lhanibister and from whence it runneth to Landwy and Lanbaderne vawr Beneath this also it crosseth a water on eche side wherof that on the ryght hand consisteth of the Dulesse Dulesse Cluedoch Lomaron Hawy and the Cluedoch after their confluence other the hight Lomaron whose heade is aboue Lanihangle After these confluences it runneth on crinkeling in straunge maner till it come to Dissart taking in the Hawy on the left side ere it come there and
raysines groundselles transomes and vpright principalles with here and there an ouerthwart post in their walles whereunto they fasten their Splintes or radles and then cast it all ouer wyth clay to kéepe out the winde which otherwyse woulde anoy them In like sort as euery country house is thus apparelled on the out side so is it inwardly deuided into sundrie rowmes aboue and beneth and where plentie of wood is they couer theÌ„ with tyles otherwyse with straw sedge or réede except some quarry of slate be neare hande from whence they haue for theyr money so much as may suffice them The clay wherewith our houses are empanelled is eyther white redde or blewe and of these the first doth participate very much with the nature of our chalke the seconde is called lome but the thirde eftsoones changeth coulour so sooâ—…e as it is wrought notwithstanding that it looke blew when it is throwne out of the pit Of chalke also we haue our excellent whyte lime made in most places wherewith we stricke ouer our clay workes stone walles in Cities good Townes riche fermers and gentlemens houses otherwyse in stéede of chalke where it wanteth for it is so scant that in some places it is solde by the pounde they are compelled to burne a certaine kind of redde stone as in Wales and else where other stones as I haue séene by experience Within their doores also such as are of abilitie doe oft make their flowers and parget of fine Alabaster burned which they cal plaster of Paris whereof in some places we haue great plentie that very profitable agaynst the rage of fire In plastering likewise of our fayrest houses ouer our heades we vse to lay first a Laire or two of white mâ—…rter tempered with heire vpon Lathes which are nayled one by an other or sometimes vpoÌ„ rede or wickers more daungerous for fyre and made fast here and there with sappelathes for falling downe and finallye couer all with the aforesayde plaster which beside the delectable whitenesse of the stuffe it selfe is layed on so euen and smouthly as nothing in my iudgement can be done with more exactnesse This also hath bene coÌ„mon in england contrarie to the customes of all other Nations and yet to be séene for example in most stréetes of London that many of our greatest houses haue outwardly béene very simple and plaine to sight which inwardly haue béene able to receyue a Duke with his whole trayne and lodge them at their ease Hereby moreouer it is come to passe that the frontes of our stréetes haue not béene so vniforme orderly buylded as those of forrain cities where to saye truth the vtterside of theyr mansions and dwellings haue oft more cost bestowed vpon them then all the reast of the house which are often very simple and vneasie within as experience doth confirme Of olde tyme our country houses in stéede of glasse dyd vse much lattis and that made eyther of wicker or fine riftes of oke in chekerwyse I reade also that some of the better sorte in and before the tymes of the Saxons did make panels of horne in stéede of glasse and fixe them in woodden calmes but as horne is quite layde downe in euery place so our lattises are also growne into lesse vse bycause glasse is come to be so plentifull within a very little so good cheape as the other Heretofore also the houses of our princes and noble men were often glased wyth Beril an example wherof is yet to be séene in Sudley castell in diuers other places with fine christall but this especially in the time of y e Romaines wherof also some fragmentes haue béene taken vp in olde ruines But nowe these are not in vse so that onely the clearest glasse is most estéemed for we haue diuers sortes some brought out of Burgundie some out of Normandy much out of Flaunders beside that which is made in Englande so good as the best and eache one that may will haue it for his building Moreouer the mansion houses of our country townes villages which in champaine grouÌ„de stande altogither by stréetes and ioyning one to an other but in woodelande soyles dispersed here and there eache one vpon the seuerall groundes of their owners are builded in suche sort generally as that they haue neither dairy stable nor bruehouse annexed vnto them vnder the same roose as in many places beyonde the sea but all separate from the first and one of them from an other And yet for all this they are not so farre distant in sunder but that the goodman lying in his bed may lightly heare what is done in eache of them with ease and call quickly vnto his meney if any daunger shoulde attache hym The auncient maners houses of our gentlemen are yet for the most part of strong tymber Howbeit such as be lately buylded are commoÌ„ly either of bricke or harde stone their rowmes large and stately and houses of office farder distaunt froÌ„ their lodginges Those of the Nobility are likewise wrought with bricke and hard stone as prouision may best be made but so magnificent and stately as the basest house of a Barren doth often match with some honours of princes in olde tyme so that if euer curious buylding dyd florish in Englande it is in these our dayes wherein our worckemen excell and are in maner comparable in skill with olde Vitrunius and Serlo The furniture of our houses also excéedeth and is growne in maner euen to passing delicacie herein I do not speake of the Nobilitie and gentrie onely but euen of the lowest sorte that haue any thing at all to take to Certes in Noble mens houses it is not rare to sée abundance of Arras riche hangings of Tapistry siluer vessell and so much other plate as may furnish suÌ„drie cupbordes to the summe ofteÌ„times of a thousand or two thousande pounde at the least wherby the value of this and the reast of their stuffe doth grow to be inestimable Likewise in the houses of Knightes GentlemeÌ„ Marchauntmen and some other wealthie Citizens it is not geson to beholde generallye their great prouision of Tapistrie Turkye worke Pewter Brasse fine linen and therto costly cupbords of plate woorth fiue or sixe hundred pounde to be demed by estimation But as herein all these sortes doe farre excéede their elders and predecessours so in time past the costly furniture stayed there whereas now it is descended yet lower euen vnto the inferiour Artificers and most Fermers who haue learned also to garnish their cubbordes with plate their beddes with tapistrie and silke hanginges and their tables with fine naperie whereby the wealth of our countrie doth infinitely appeare Neyther do I speake this in reproch of any man God is my Iudge but to shew that I doe reioyce rather to sée how God hath blessed vs with hys good giftes and to behold how that in a time wherein all thinges are growen to most excessiue prices we do yet
prisoner his vnnaturall crueltie with vndeserued curtesey Crueltie requited with curtesie humbly besought the gouernor to set him at libertie This brunt escaped Fitz Giralde trauayled to Bruxelles where the Emperour kept his Court. Doctor Pates Doctour Pates being Ambassadour in the low Countreys demaunded Fitz Giralde of the Emperour on his maister the King of Englandes behalfe The Emperour hauing answered that he had not to deale with the boy and for ought that he knewe was not mynded to make any great abode in that Countrey sent hym to the Bishop of Liege The Emperor bestoweth a pencion on Fitz Giralde allowing him for his pension an hundred Crownes Monethly The Bishop enterteyned him very honourably had him placed in an Abbey of Monks and was so careful of his safetie that if any person suspected had trauayled within the circuit of his gleebe hee should be straytly examined whether he would or from whence he came or vpō what occasion he trauayled that way Hauing in this wise remayned at Liege for halfe a yeare Gardinal Pole sendeth for Fitz Giralde the Cardinall Poole Fitz Giralde his kinnesman sent for him to Rome wherevpon the Gentleman as well with the Emperour his licence as with surrendring his pension trauayled to Italy where the Cardinall woulde not admit him to his companie vntill he had atteyned to some knowledge in the Italian tong Wherefore allowing him an annuitie of three C. crownes he placed him with the Bishop of Verona and the Cardinall of Mantua and after with the duke of Mantua Leurouse in the meane while was admitted through the Cardinall Pole his procurement to be one of the Englishe house in Rome Leurouse placed in the English Hospitall called Saint Thomas his Hospitall Robert Walshe Robert Walsh returneth to Irelande vpon his maisters repayre to Italy returned to Ireland Fitz Girald hauing continued with the Cardinall and the Duke of Mantua a yeare and an halfe was sent for by the Cardinall Pole to Rome at which tyme the Duke of Mantua gaue him for an annuall pension three hundred Crownes The Cardinall greatly ioyed in his kinnesman had him carefully trayned vp in his house Cardinal Pole his order in trayning yong Fitz Giralde interlacing with such discretion his learning and studies with exercises of actiuitie as he shoulde not be after accounted of the learned for an ignorant idiot nor taken of actiue Gentlemen for a deade and dumpish meacocke If he had committed any fault the Cardinall would secretly commaund his Tutors to correct him and all that notwithstanding hee woulde in presence dandle the boy as though he were not priuie to his punishment and vpon any complaint made he vsed to checke Fitz Giralde his maisters openly for chastising so seuerely his pretie darling In this wise hee rested three yeares togither in the Cardinall his house and by that tyme hauing stept so farre in yeares for hee was pricking fast vpon ninetene as he began to knowe himselfe the Cardinall put to his choyse eyther to continue his learning or by trauayling to seeke his aduentures abroade The yong stripling as vsually kinde doth creepe rather of nature addicted to valiantnesse than wedded to bookishnesse choosed to be a trauaylour and presently with the Cardinall his licence Fitz Giralde trauayleth to Naples repayred to Naples where falling in acquaintance with Knightes of the Rhodes he accompanied them to Malta Tripoly from thence he sayled to Tripoly a Fort apperteyning to the aforesayde order cousting vpon Barbarie and there he aboade sixe weekes with Mounbryson Mounbrison a commander of the Rhodes who had the charge of that holde At that tyme the knightes serued valiantly agaynst the Turkes and Miscriants spoyled and sacked their villages and townes that lay neare the water syde tooke diuerse of them prysoners and after solde them to the Christians for bond slaues Fitz Girald returneth to Rome The yong Fitz Giralde returned with a rich bootie to Malta from thence to Rome hauing spent in thys voyage not fully one yeare The Cardinall enhaunceth Fitz Giraldes pension Proude was the Cardinall to heare of hys prosperous exploytes and for his further aduauncement he enhaunced his pencion of three hundred Crownes to three hundred poundes ouer and aboue three hundred crownes that the Duke of Mantua allowed him Shortly after he preferred him to the seruice of the Duke of Florence named Cosmo wyth whom he continued maister of his horses three yeares He is Master of the horse to the Duke of Florence hauing also of the Duke three hundred Duckets for a yearely pension during life or vntill be were restored in like maner as the Cardinall Poole and the duke of Mantua in their annuities had graunted him During the time that he was in seruice with the Duke of Florence he trauayled to Rome a shrouing of set purpose to be merie and as hee road an hunting with Cardinall Ferneise the Pope his nephew it happened that in chasing the Bucke He falleth into a deepe pit he fel into a pitte xxix fatham deepe and in the fall forsaking his horse within two fathams of the bottom he tooke holde by two or three rootes gryping them fast vntill his armes were so wearie as he coulde hang no longer in that paine Wherefore betaking himselfe to God he let goe his gripe by little and little and fell softly on his horse that in the bottome of the pit lay starke dead and there he stoode vp to the Anckles in water for the space of three houres When the chase was ended an exceeding good Greyhoūd of his named Grifhound not finding his maister in the companie His Greyhoūd fin◅eth him out followed his tracte vntill hee came to the pitte and from thence woulde not depart but stoode at the brimme incessauntly houling The Cardinall Ferneise and his traine missing Fitz Girald made towardes the dogge and surueying the place they were verily perswaded that the Gentleman was squised to death Hauing therefore posted his seruantes in hast to a village harde by Rome named Trecappan for Ropes and other necessaries Trecappan he caused one of the companie to glide in a Basket downe to the bottom of the hole Fitz Giralde reuiued with his presence and willing to bee remoued from so darksome a dungeon to the open ayre besought the other to lende him his roome wherevpon he was haled vp in the Basket as well to the generall admiration of the whole companie as to the singular gratulation of the Cardinall and all his friends rendring most heartie thankes to God his diuine Maiestie for protecting the Gentleman with his gracious guerdon And thus surceassing to treate any further of his aduentures vntill the date of time trayne my penne to a longer discourse I will returne to the inhabitants of the English Pale who after the death of Thomas Fitz Giralde through rigour of iustice and the due execution of lawes were greatly molested For ouer this
shoutes and clapping of hands The Lordes were shortly aduertised of the louing consente whiche the commons frankely and freely of their owne free willes had gyuen wherevpon incontinently they all with a conuenient number of the most substanciall commons repayred to Baynards Castell makyng iust and true reporte of their election and admission and the louing assent of the commons The Earle after long pausing first thanked God of his greate grace and benefite then towards him shewed and the Lords and coÌ„mons also for their hartie fauoure and assured fidelitie notwithstanding like a wise Prince he alledged his insufficiencie for so great a roomth weightie burthen as lacke of knowledge want of experience and diuers other qualities to a gouernour apperteining but yet in conclusion beyng perswaded by the Archbyshop of Caunterburie the Byshoppe of Exeter and other Lordes then presente The Earle of Marche taketh vpon 〈◊〉 as King hee agreed to their petition and tooke vpon him the charge of the Kingdome as forfeited to him by breache of couenauntes established in Parliamente on the behalfe of Kyng Henry But now before we proceede any further sith the raigne of King Henrye may seeme heere to take ende we will specifie some such learned meÌ„ as liued in his time Iohn Leland surnamed the rider in respect of the other Iohn Leland that paynefull antiquarie of our time wrote dyuers treatises for the instruction of Grammarians Iohn Haynton a Carmelite or white Friet as they called them of Lincolne Roberte Colman a Frantiscane Frier of Norwich and Chancellor of the Vniuersitie of Oxford WilliaÌ„ White a Priest of Kent professing y e doctrine of Wicklife and forsaking the order of the Romayne Churche married a wife but continued his office of Preaching till at length in the yeare 1428. he was apprehended and by William B. of Norwiche and the Doctors of the Friers Mendicantes charged with thirtie articles which he maynteyned contrarie to the doctrine of the Romane Church then in vse and in September the same yeare suffered death by fire Alexander Carpenter a learned man set forthe a Booke called Destructorium Vitiorum wherin he enueygheth against the Prelates of the Churche of that time for their crueltie vsed in persecuting the poore and godly Christians Richarde Kendale an excellente Gramarian Iohn Bate Warden of the white Friers in Yorke but borne in the bordures of Wales an excellent Philosopher and a diuine he was also seene in y e Greeke tong a thing rare in those dayes Peter Basset Esquier of the priuie chamber to King Henrye the fifth whose life he wrote Iohn Pole a priest that wrote the life of S. Walburgh daughter to one Richard a noble man of this Realme of Englande whiche Walburg as hee affirmeth builded our Lady Churche in Andwerp Thomas Ismaelite a Monke of Sion Walter Hilton a Chartreaux Monke also of Sheene eyther of these wrote certaine treatises full of superstition as Iohn Bale noteth Tho. Walden so called of the Towne where he was borne but his fathers surname was Netter a white Frier of London and the three and twentith prouinciall gouernour of his order a man vndoubtedly learned and throughly furnished with cunning of the Scholes but a sore enimie to them y t professed the doctrine of Wicklife writing sundrye greate volumes and treatises againste them hee dyed at Rouen in Normandie the seconde of Nouember in the yere .1430 Richard Vllerston borne in Lancashire wrote diuers treatises of Diuinitie Peter Clearke a student in Oxforde and a defender of Wicklifes doctrine wherevpoÌ„ when he feared persecution heere in England he fled into Bohenie but yet at length he was apprehended by the Imperialistes and dyed for it as some write Fabian and Caxton but in what order is not expressed Roberte Hownde slow a religious man of an house in Howndeslow beside London wherof he tooke his surname Thomas WalsinghaÌ„ borne in Northfolke in a Towne there of the same name but professed a Monke in the Abbey of Sainte Albons a diligente historiciâ—…ie Iohn Tilney a white Frier of Yermouths but a student in Cambridge and proued an excellent diuine Richarde Fleming a Doctor of diuinitie professed in Oxford and by the King aduanced to the gouernement of the Bishopricke of Lincolne he founded Lincolne colledge in Oxford in which Vniuersitie he had bin studente Iohn Lowe borne in Worcestershire an Augustine Frier a Doctor of diuinitie and prouinciall in England of his order and by King Henry the sixth made firste Bishop of Saint Assaph and after remoued from thence to Rochester Thomas Ringstede the yonger not the same y t was Byshop but a doctor of the lawe and Vicar of Mildenhall in Suffolke a notable preacher and wrote diuers treatises Iohn Felton a doctor of Diuinitie of Magdalene Colledge in Oxforde Nicholas Botlesham a Carmelite Frier borne in Cambridgeshire and student firste in the Vniuersitie of Cambridge and after in Paris where he proceeded Doctor of Diuinitie Thomas Rudburne a Monke of Winchester and an Historiographer Iohn Holbroke borne in Surrey a greate Philosopher and well seene in the Mathematikes Peter Paine an earnest professor of Wiclifes doctrine and fearing persecution heere in England fled into Boheme where he remained in great estimation for his greate learning and no lesse wisedome Nicholas Vpton a Ciuilian wrote of Heraldry of colours in armorie and of the duetie of chiualrie William Beckley a Carmelite Frier of Sandwich and warden of the house there a diuine and professed degree of Schole in Cambridge Iohn Torp a Carmelite Frier of Norwiche Iohn Capgraue borne in Kent an Augustine Frier proceeded Doctor of diuinitie in Oxforde was admitted prouinciall of his order and proued without controuersie the best learned of anye of that order of Friers heere in England as Iohn Bale affirmeth hee wrote manye notable volumes and finally departed this life at Lynne in Northfolke the twelfth of August in the yere 1464. which was in the fourth yeare of K. Edward the fourth Humfrey Duke of Gloucester Earle of Pembroke and Lorde Chamberlaine of Englande also protector of the Realme during the minoritie of his nephew King Henrye the sixth was both a greate fauourer of learned men and also very well learned himselfe namely in Astrologie whereof beside other things hee wrote a speciall treatise entituled Tabula directionum Iohn Whethamsted otherwise called Frumentarius was Abbot of Sainte Alboâ—…s and highly in fauoure with the good Duke of Gloucester last remeÌ„bred hee wrote diuers treatises and among other a booke as it were of records of things chancing whilest he was Abbot whiche booke I haue seene and partly in some parcell of this Kings time haue also followed Roger Onley borne in the West countrey as Bale thinketh was acensed of treason for practising with the Ladye Eleanor Cobham by sorcerie to make the King away and was therof condemned and dyed for it though he were innocent therof as some haue thought he wrote a treatise entituled Contra vulgi supersâ—…iones
A rolle demaunded in the lowe countrey In thys yeare was an old tolle demaunded in Flanders of Englishmen called the toll of the hound whiche is a riuer and a passage The toll is twelue pence of a fardell It had ben often demaunded but neuer paid in so much that K. Henry the seuenth for the demaund of that toll prohibited all his subiects to keepe any marte at Andwerp or Barrow till it was promised that vpon theyr returne the sayd tolle shoulde neuer be demaunded The K. sent doctor knight and other to Calais whither came the Emperoures commissioners and there vpon talke the matter was put in suspension for a time The K. hauing purchased of the Cardinall after his attendure in the premunire his house at Westminster Yorke place or white Hall nowe the Palaice of Westminster called Yorke place and gote a confirmation of the Cardinals feoffement thereof made of the Chapitre of the Cathedrall Churche of Yorke purchased thys yeare also all the medowes about Saint Iames Saint Iames. and there made a faire mansion and a Parke for his greater commoditie and pleasure and bycause hee hadde a greate affection to the sayde house at Westminster hee bestowed greate cost in going forwarde with the building thereof and changed the name so that it was after called the Kings Palaice of Westminster An. reg 24. The Parliament proroged The fouretenth day of May the Parliament was proroged till the fourth of February nexte comming After which prorogation Sir Thomas More Chancellor of Englande after long sutes made to the King to hee discharged thys office Sir Thomas More deliuereth vp the great seale the sixtenth of May he deliuered to the K. at Westminster the greate Scale of Englande and was with the Kinges fauour discharged which Seale the Kyng kepte till Monday in Whitson weeke on which day he 〈◊〉 Thomas Audeley Sir Thomas Audley lorde keeper of the great Seale speaker of the ParliameÌ„t might and made him Lord keeper of the greate Seale also so he was called The King being enformed that the Pope and the French King should meete in the beginnyng of the next spring at Marsâ—…es he thought good for diuers consideratioÌ„s to speake with y e frenche K. in his owne person before the Pope and hee came togither whervpon it was concluded that in October following both the Princes shoulde meete betwixte Calais and Bulleigne Wherefore the King of England sent out his letters to his nobles Prelates and seruauntes commanding them to bee ready at Caunterbury the sixe and twentith of September to passe the Seas with him for the accomplishmente of the enteruiew betwixt him and the French Kyng The first of September beeing Sonday the King being come to Windesor The Ladye Anne Bolleign created Marcâ—…ionesse of Penbrooke created the Lady Anne Bulleigne Marchionesse of Pembroke and gaue to hir one thousand pound land by the yeare and that solemnitie finished he rode to the Colledge where after that seruice was ended a new league was concluded and sworne betwene the King and the french King Messire Pomoray the french Ambassador then being presente The tenth of October the Kyng came to Douer The kyng passeth ouer to Calais and on the eleuenth day in the morning at three of the clocke he tooke shipping at Douer Rode and before tenne of the same day he with the Lady Marchiones of Pembroke landed at Calais where he was receyued with all honour and lodged at the Exchecker There came to hym whilest hee lay in Calais diuers Lords from the French Court and amongst other the Lord great master of France and the Archbishop of Roan whiche were honorably of him receiued and with them hee tooke a daye and place of meeting with the King theyr maister Wherevpon the one and twentith of October hee marched out of Calais accompanyed with the Dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke the Marquesses of Dorset and Exeter the Earles of Arundell Oxforde Surrey Essex Derby 〈…〉 The coâ—…uiewe betwyxt the kings of England and Fraunce the K. of England went with the Frenche K. 〈…〉 man durst take any money for the french Kyng payd for all The fiue and twentith of October whilest y e K. lay thus in Bulleigne the Frenche King called a chapiter of the companions of his order called S. Michell of whome the K. of Englande was one The Dukes of Norffolke 〈◊〉 Suffolke elected into the order of S. Michaell and so ther elected the Dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke to be companions of y e same order and being broughte to the chapitâ—… hadde their collers deliuered to them and were sworâ—…e to the statutes of the order their obeysance to their soueraigne Lord alwayes reserued Thus the two kings lay in Bulleigne Monday Tewsday Wednesday Thurseday and on Friday the .25 of October they departed out of Bulleigne to Calais Without the Towne of Calais about the distance of two miles the D. of Richmond the Kinges base sonne The duke of Rychmonde with a great company of noble men which had not bin at Bulleigne met them saluting the freÌ„ch K. embrased him in most honorable and courteous maner Thus they passed forwarde and came to Newnham bridge and so to Calais where was suche prouision made for the receiuing of them as well for lodgings place and all suche other furniture of housholde as also 〈◊〉 all sortes of viands wines and other necessaries that it seemed wonderful in so much as the proportion assigned to the French Lords oftentimes was so abundante that they refused a greate parte thereof The French Kings trayne was twelue hundred horses or rather aboue But there was lodging ynough in Calais not onely for them but also for manye other so that there were aboue eight thousand persons lodged within the towne in that season The french K. comming thither on y e Friday taried there till Tewsday the thirtith of October and then departed the Kyng of Englande accompanying hym out of the Towne till hee came to enter into the French ground and there eyther tooke leaue of other with right princely countenaunce louing behauiour and so hartie wordes that all men reioyced that sawe them Whilest the two kings lay in Calais the L. Annas de Montmorancie Earle of Beaumont great maister of the french kings house and Philip de Chabot Earle of Newblanke greate Admirall of Fraunce were admitted into the order of the Garter The great â—…ster and Admirall of France made knights of the 〈◊〉 the K. calling a chapitre for that purpose of the knightes of that order as the whiche the Frenche King was presente and ware a blew mantel bycause he was one of the same order While the King was in the French Kyngs dominion hee hadde the vpper hand and likewise had the French King in his dominion and as the French King payd all the Englishmens charges at Bulleigne so did the King of Englande at Calais There rose aboute
Capitayne generall of all the horsemenne beyng in number sixe thousand Syr Raufe Sadler knight treasourer of the Armie Syr Francis Brian knight capitayne of the lyghte horsemenne in number two thousande Syr Raulfe Auane Knight lieutenant of all the men of arms and Dymulances Sir Thomas Dartye Knyght Capitaine of all the Kings Maiesties Pencioners and men at armes Sir Rycharde Let Knight deuiser of the fortifications Sir Peter Mewtas Knight Captayne of the Harquebusiers whyche were in number sixe hundred Sir Peter Gamboa knyght Captayne of two hundred harquebusiers on horsbacke Sir FraÌ„cis Flemmyng Knyght Mayster of the ordeynaunce Sir George Blaag and Sir Thomas Holcroft Commissioners of the musters Edwarde Shelley the Lorde Gryes lieuetenaunt of the men of armes of Bollongne who was the firste that gaue the onset in the day of battayle and dyed moste honourablye in the same Iohn Brenne Captayne of the Pioners beeing in number a thousande foure hundrethe Thomas Audeley and Edwarde Chamberlaine Harbengers of the fielde The chieftaynes that commaunded in the nauy by Sea were these THe Lorde Edwarde Clinton Admirall of the fleete Sir William Woodhouse knight his Vice admirall There were in the army of greate ordeinaunce fifteene peeces and of carriages nine hundred Cartes beside many wagons whereof the Commissarie generall was George Ferrers As soone as the armye by lande was in a readynesse and set forwarde to come to Berwycke at a daye appoynted the nauye likewise tooke the Sea and by the helpe of Gods good guydyng hadde so prosperous speede in their passage that they arryued at Berwycke in tyme conuenient whyther vpon the thirtiethe of Auguste being Tuesday the Lorde Protectour came and laye in the Castell with Sir Nicholas Strelley knight Captain there The nexte daye commaundement was giuen that euery man shuld prouide himselfe for foure dayes victuall to be caried forthe with them in Cartes On Thursedaye the firste of September the Lorde Protectoure not wyth manye mo than wyth hys owne hande of horsemen roade to a Towne standyng on the sea coaste a sixe miles from Berwicke within Scotlande called Aymouthe whereat there runneth a riuer into the Sea which he caused to bee sounded and findyng the same well able to lerne for an Hauen caused afterwards a fortresse to bee reised there appoyntyng Thomas Gower that was Marshall of Berwike to bee Capitayne thereof On Fridaye all sauing the counsell departed the Towne of Berwycke and encamped a twoo flight shootes off by the Sea side toward Scotlande And the same day the Lord Clinton with his fleete took the seas from Berwike to the ende that in case the Winde shoulde not serue them to keepe course wyth the Armye by lande yet were it but wyth the dryuâ—…ng of tides they might vppon any neede of munition or victualls be still at hand or not long from them The same daye the Earle of Warwycke and Sir Raulfe Saddeler Threasouter of the armye came to Berwicke from Newecastell where they had stayed till then for the full dispatch of the reste of the army and the next day the Erle of Warwike encamped in field with the army On whiche day a proclamation with sound of Trumpette was made by an Herraulte in three seuerall places of the camp signifying the cause of the comming of the Kynges armye at that presente into Scotlande A proclamation whyche in effect was iÌ„to aduertise all the Scottish nation that their comming was not to depriue them of their liberties but to aduaunce the mariage already concluded and agreed vppon betwixte the kings maiestie of England their Quene and no hostilitie ment to suche as should shew themselues furtherers therof The fourthe of September beeing Sundaye the Lorde Protectoure came from out of the Towne and the army reised and marched that daye a sixe miles and camped by a village called Rostan in the Barourie of Coukendale The order of their Marche was this The order of the armie in marching forvvarde Sir Frauncis Brian Capitayne of the light horsemen with foure hundreth of his hande tended to the skowte a mile or two before The carriages kept a long by the sea coast and the men at armes and Dimylances deuided into three troupes aunsweryng the three wards ridde in arraye directly agaynst the carriages a twoo flyghtshote a sunder from them The three foote battayles kepte order in place betwixte them bothe The fore warde foremoste the battaile in the middest and the rereward vndermost eche ward hauing his troup of horsemenne and garde of ordinaunce hys ayde of Pyoners for amendement of wayes where neede shoulde be The fifte of September they marched an 8. miles till they came to the peathes The Peathes a clough or Valley runnyng for a sixe myles Weaste strayght Eastewarde and towarde the Sea a twenty score brode from banke to banke aboue and a fiue score in the bottome wherein runnes a little Riuer Steepe is thys valley on either side and deepe in the bottome The Scots had caste Trenches ouerthwarte the side wayes on either side in many places to make the passage more cumbersome but by the Pioners the same were soone fylled and the waye made playne that the armye carriage and ordinaunce were quite sette ouer soone after Sunne sette and there they pight downe their campe Whylest the armye was thus passyng ouer this combersome passage an Herrauite was sente from the Lorde Protectoure to sommon a Castell that stood at the ende of the same valley a myle from the place where they passed downe towardes the Sea Matthewe Hume Capitaine thereof a brothers sonne of the lord Humes vppon his sommons required to speak with the Lorde Protectoure it was graunted and hee came whome the Protectoure handled in suche sorte wyth effectuall wordes puttyng hym in choice wheather hee woulde yeelde or stande to the aduenture to haue the place won of hym by force that hee was contented to render all at his graces pleasure And so beeing commaunded to goe fetche hys companye out of the house hee wente and broughte them beeyng in all one and twentye persones The Capitayne and sixe other were staied and commaunded to the keeping of the Marshall the residue were suffered to departe whither they thought good After this surrender my Lorde Iohn Grey brother to the Marques Dorset beeyng Capitayne of a greate number of Demylaunces as for hys approued woorthynesse valiancie right well hee mought was appoynted to seaze and take possession of the house The spoyle was not rithe sure but of white bread oten cakes and Scottishe aâ—…e indifferente good store and soone bestowed among my lords Souldiers for swordes burklers pikes pottes pannes yarne linnen hempe and heapes of such baggage whiche the Countrey people there about hadde broughte into that pile to haue it in more surety the Souldiers would vnneth stoupe to take the same vp The Castell of â—â—glasse oâ—â—rowen In the meane tyme the Lord Protector appoynted the house to be ouerthrowen whiche by the Captayne of
hir gouernement Thus therefore the Queenes Maiestie passed from the Tower tyll shee came to Fanchurche the people on each side ioyously beholding the viewe of so gracious a Lady their Queene and hir grace no lesse gladly noting and obseruing the same Neere vnto Fanchurch was erected a scaffold richely furnished whereon stoode a noyse of instruments and a childe in costly apparell whiche was appoynted to welcome the Queenes Maiestie in the whole Cities behalfe Against which place wheÌ„ hir grace came of hir owne will she commaunded the Chariot to bee stayde and that the noyse might be appeased till the child had vttered hys welcoming Oration which he spake in English metre as heere followeth O pereles souerayne Queene behold what thys thy Towne â—â—ch thee presented with at thy fyrst entraunce heere Behold with how riche hope she leades thee to thy Crowne Behold with what two gyftes she comforteth thy cheere The fyrst is blessing tongs which many a welcome say â—â—ch pray thou maist do well which prayse thee to the Skye â—…uch wish to thee long lyfe which blesse this happie day â—…uch to thy kingdome heapes all that in tongs can lye The second is true heartes which loue thee from theyr roote 〈◊〉 sute is triumph now and ruleth all the game â—â—ch faithfulnes haue wonne and all vntruth driuen out â—â—ch skippe for ioy when as they heare thy happy name welcome therefore O Queene as much as heart can thinke welcome agayne O Queene as much as tong can tell welcome to ioyous tongs and hearts that will not shrinke 〈◊〉 thee preserue we pray and wish thee euer well At which words of y e last line the whole people gaue a great shout wishing with one assent as the child had said And the Queenes maiestie thanked most hartily both the Citie for this hir gentle receyuing at the first and also the people for confirming the same Here was noted in the Queenes Maiesties countenance during the time that the child spake besides a perpetuall attentiuenes in hir face a maruellous change in loke as the childs words touched either hir person or the peoples tongs and hearts So that she with reioicing visage did euidently declare that the words toke no lesse place in hir minde than they were most heartely pronounced by the childe as from all the heartes of hir most heartie Citizens The same verses were fastned vp in a table vppon the scaffolde and the latine thereof likewise in latine verses in another table as heereafter ensueth Vrbs tua quae ingressu dederit tibi munera primo O Regina parem non habitura vide Ad diadema tuum te spe quà m diuite mittat Quae duo letitia det tibi dona vide Munus habes primuÌ„ linguas bona multa precaÌ„tes Quae te quum laudant tum pia vota sonant Foelicemque diem hunc dicunt tibi secula longa Optant quicquid denique longa potest Altera dona feres vera tui amantia corda Quorum gens ludum iam regit vna tuum In quibus est infracta fides falsumque perosa Quaeque tuo audito nomine laeta salit Grata venis igitur quantum cor concipit vllum Quantum lingua potest dicere grata venis Cordibus infractis linguisque per omnia laetis Grata venis saluam te velit esse deus Now when the child had pronounced his Oration and the Queenes highnes so thankefully had receiued it she marched forward towarde Gracious streete where at the vpper ende before the signe of y e Egle the Citie had erected a gorgeous and sumptuous arke as heere followeth A stage was made whiche extended from the one side of the streete to the other richly vawted with batlementes conteining three portes and ouer the middlemost was aduanced three seuerall stages in degrees Vpon the lowest stage was made one seate royall wherein were placed two personages representing King Henry the seuenth and Elizabeth his wife daughter of King Edwarde the fourth eyther of these two Princes sitting vnder one cloth of estate in their seates no otherwise deuided but that the one of them whiche was Kyng Henry the seuenth proceeding out of the house of Lancaster was enclosed in a red rose and the other which was Queene Elizabeth being heire to the house of Yorke enclosed with a white rose eache of them royally crowned and decently apparelled as apperteineth to Princes with Scepters in their handes and one vaute surmounting their heads wherein aptly were placed two tables eache conteyning the title of those two Princes And these personages were so set that the one of them ioyned handes wyth the other with the ring of Matrimonie perceyued on the finger Out of the whiche two roses sprang two braunches gathered into one which were directed vpward to the second stage or degree wherein was placed one representing the valiaunte and noble Prince Kyng Henrye the eyghte whiche sprong out of the former stocke crowned with a Crowne imperiall and by him sate one representing the righte worthy Ladye Queene Anne wise to the said King Henry the eyght and mother to our most soueraine Ladye Q. Elizabeth that now is both apparelled with Scepters and diademes and other furniture due to the state of a King and Queene and two tables surmounting their heads wherein were written their names and titles From their seate also proceeded vpwards one braunche directed to the thirde and vppermost stage or degree wherein likewise was planted a seate royall in the which was set one representing the Queenes most excellent Maiestie Elizabeth now our most dradde soueraigne Lady crowned apparelled as y e other Princes were Out of the foreparte of this Pageaunt was made a standing for childe whiche at the Queenes Maiesties comming declared vnto hir the whole meaning of the saide Pageaunt The two sydes of the same were filled wyth loude noyses of musicke And all emptie places thereof were furnished with sentences concerning vnitie And the whole Pageant garnished with redde roses and white And in the forefront of the same Pageaunte in the faire wreath was written the name and title of the same whyche was The vniting of the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke This Pageaunte was grounded vppon the Queenes Maiesties name For like as the long warre betweene the two houses of Yorke and Lancaster then ende when Elizabeth daughter to Edwardd the fourth marched in marriage with Henrye the seuenth heyre to the house of Lancaster so since that the Queenes Maiesties name was Elizabeth and for somuch as shee is the only heire of Henry the eyght whyche came of both the houses as the knitting vp to coÌ„cord it was deuised that the lyke as Elizabeth was the first occasion of concord so shee another Elizabeth mighte maynteyne the same among hyr subiects so that vnitie was the ende whereat the whole deuise shotte as the Queenes Maiesties name moued the first grounde This Pageant nowe against the Queenes Maiesties comming was addressed with children representing
to spare me to beholde this ioyfull day And I acknowledge that thou hast delt as wonderfully and as mercifully with me as thou diddest with thy true and faythfull seruant Daniell thy Prophete whom thou deliueredst out of the denne from the crueltie of the greedie and raging Lions euen so was I ouerwhelmed and onely by thee deliuered To thee therfore onely be thankes honor and praise foreuer Amen The second was the receyuing of the Bible at the little conduit in Cheape For when hir Grace had learned that the Byble in Englishe should there be offred she thanked the Citie therfore promised the reading thereof most diligently and incontinent commaunded that it shoulde be brought At the receyte whereof how reuerently did she with both hir handes take it kisse it and lay it vpon hir breast to the great comfort of the lookers on God will vndoubtedly preserue so worthie a Prince which at his honor so reuerently taketh hir beginning For this saying is true and written in the Booke of truth He that first seeketh the kingdome of god shal haue all other things cast vnto him Nowe therefore all Englishe heartes and hir naturall people muste needes prayse Gods mercie which hath sent theÌ„ so worthie a princâ—… and pray for hir graces long continuaunce amongst vs. Sunday the .xv. of Ianuarie Hir coronation hir Maiestie was with great solemnitie crowned at Westminster in the Abbey Church there by doctor Oglâ—…thorpe Bishop of Carleil Shee diâ—…ed in Westminster hall which was richly bâ—…ng and euerie thing ordered in suche royall maner as to suche a regall and most solemne feast apperteyned In the meane tyme whilest hir grace sat at dinner Sir Edwarde Dimmockeâ—… sir Edwarde Dimmocke knight hir Champion by office came ryding into the Hall in fayre complete armour mounted on a beautifull Courser richly trapped in clothe of Golde entred the Hall and in the middest thereof cast downe his gauntlet wyth offer to fight wyth hym in hir quarell that shoulde denye hir to bee the rightuous and lawfull Queene of this Realme The Queene taking a cuppe of Golde full of Wine dranke to hym thereof and sent it to hym for his see togither wyth the Couer And after thys The L. Maâ—… of London serueth the Queene of Ipocrasse at the seruing vp of the Wafers the Lorde Maior of London went to the Cupboord and fitting a cup of golde with Ipocrasse bare it to the Queene and kneeling afore hir tooke the assay and shee receyuing it of him and drinking of it gaue the Cuppe wyth the couer vnto the sayde Lorde Maior for his fee which Cuppe and couer weyed xvj dunzes Troy weight Finally this feast being celebrated with all royall ceremonies and high solemnities due and in like cases accustomed tooke ende wyth great ioy and contentation to all the beholders A Parliament Wednesday the .xxv. of Ianuarie the Parliament began the Queenes Maiestie ryding in hir Parliament Robes from hir Palaice of white Hall vnto the Abbey Churche of Westmynster with the Lordes spirituall and temporall attending hir likewise in theyr Parliament Robes Doctor Coxe sometime scholemaister to King Edwarde the sixt and nowe lately returned froÌ„ the parties of beyonde the seas 〈◊〉 Stow. where during the dayes of Queene Marie he had liued as a banished man preached nowe before the estates there assembled in the beginning of the sayd Parliament The first fruits and tenthes reâ—…ed to the â—â—â—ne In this Parliament the first fruits tenthes were restored to the crown and also the supreme gouernment ouer the state ecclesiasticall which Queene Mary had giuen to the Pope Likewise the booke of common prayer and administration of the Sacraments in our mother tongue was restored Moreouer in the time of this Parliament a motion was made by the common house A motioÌ„ made in the Parliament house that the Queenes Maiestie might be sued vnto to grauÌ„t hir graces licence to the speaker knights Citizens and Burgesses to haue accesse vnto hir graces presence to declare vnto hir matter of great importance concerning the state of thys hir graces realme The which petition being mooued to hir grace she most honourably agreed and consented therevnto and assigned a day of hearing When the day came the speaker and common house resorted vnto hir graces palaice at Westmynster called the white Hall And in the great Gallerie there hir grace most honourably shewed hir selfe readie to heare their motion and petition And when the speaker had solemnely and eloquently set forth the message the speciall matter whereof most specially was tomoue hir grace to mariage whereby to al our comforts wee might enioy as Gods pleasure should be the royall issue of hir bodie to raigne ouer vs. c. The Queenes Maiestie after a little pause made this answere folowing as nere as I could beare the same away Graft abr sayth Grafton The Queenes â—…re As I haue good cause so doe I giue to you my heartie thankes for the good zeale and care that you seeme to haue as well towarde mee as to the whole estate of your Countrey Your petition I gather to be grounded on three causes and mine answere to the same shall consist in two partes And for the first I say vnto you that from my yeares of vnderstanding knowing my selfe a seruitour of almightie God I chose this kind of life in which I doe yet liue as a life most acceptable vnto him wherein I thought I coulde best serue him and with most quietnesse doe my duetie vnto him From which my choise if either ambition of high estate offred vnto me by mariages whereof I haue recordes in this presence the displeasure of the Prince the eschewing the daunger of mine enimies or the auoyding the perill of death whose Messenger the Princesse indignation was no little tyme continually present before mine eyes by whose meanes if I knew or do iustly suspect I will not now vtter them or if the whole cause were my sister hirselfe I will not nowe charge the deade coulde haue drawne or disswaded me I had not nowe remayned in this Virgins estate wherein you see me But so constant haue I always continued in this my determination that although my wordes and youth may seeme to some hardly to agree togither yet it is true that to this day I stande free from any other meaning that eyther I haue had in tymes past or haue at this present In which state and trade of liuing wherwith I am so throughly acquainted God hath hitherto so preserued mee and hath so watchfull an eye vpon me and so hath guided me and ledde me by the hand as my full trust is he will not suffer me to go alone The maner of your petition I doe lyke and take in good part for it is simple and conteyneth no lymitation of place or person If it had bene otherwise I must haue mislyked it verie much and thought in you a verie great presumption being vnfitte
the priuie Counsell to the sayd King and Bertrand de Saligners Lorde de la Mothefenelon Knightes of the order of Sainte Michaell Ambassadors for the same King arriued at Douer The .xiiij. day they shot London bridge towardes Somerset house at the Strand where they were lodged The .xv. daye being Sonday the saide Ambassadors repaired to the white hall where they were honorably receiued of the Queenes Maiestie with hir nobilitie and there in hir graces Chappell about one of the clocke in the after noone y e articles of treaty league or confederacy and sure friendshippe concluded at Bloys the .xix. of Aprill as is aforeshewed betwixt the Queenes Maiestie League with France confirmed at Westminster and the French K. beeing read the same was by hyr Maiestie and his Ambassadors confirmed to be obserued and kept without innouation or violation c. The rest of that day with great parte of the night following was spente in greate triumph with sumptuous banquets The eyghtenth of Iune Saint Georges feast at Windesore the feast of Sainte George was holden at Windesore where the Frenche Ambassadors were royally feasted and Fraunces Duke of Mōtmorency was s◅aulled Knight of the most honorable order of the Garter The eyghte and twentith daye of Iune the forenamed Ambassadors departed from London towards Fraunce The fourteenth of Iune Thomas Lorde Wharton deceassed in his house of Chanō row at Westminster Lord Treasorer Lorde priuie seale Lord Chamb◅rl◅yne with other officers The thirtēth day of Iuly the Queenes Maiestie at White Hall made sir William Cicill Lorde of Burghley Lord high Treasorer of England Lorde William Howard late Lorde Chamberlaine Lord priuie seale The Earle of Sussex L. Chamberlaine sir Thomas Smith principall Secretary and Christopher Hatton Esquier Captaine of the garde c. Englishmen sent to Vlstar in Irelande In thys moneth of August Sir Thomas Smith one of the Queenes Maiesties priuie Counsell carefully tendering the reformation of Irelande sente hys sonne Thomas Smith Esquier thither with a certayne number of Englishmenne to inhabite the Ardes in Vlster after the manner of a Colonie vsed by the Romaynes An. reg 51. A strange Starre appeared The .xviij. of Nouember in the mornyng was seene a Starre Northward very bright cleere in the constellation of Cassiopeia at the backe of hir Chaire which with three chiefe fixed starres of the said constellation made a Geometrical figure losengewise of the learned men called Rombus This starre in bignes at y e first appearing seemed bigger than Iupiter and not much lesse than Venus when she seemeth greatest also the sayde Starre neuer changing hys place was carried about with the dayly motion of Heauen as all fixed Starres commonly are and so continued by little and little to the eye appearing lesse for the space of almost sixteene Monethes at what time it was so small that rather thought by exercises of oft viewing moughte imagine the place than any eye could iudge y e presence of the same And one thing is heerein chiefely to bee noted that by the skyll and consente of the best and most experte Mathematicians whyche obserued the state propertie and other circumstaunces belongyng to the same Starre it was founde to haue bin in place Celestiall farre aboue the Moone otherwise than euer anye Comete hathe beene seene or naturally can appeare Therefore it is supposed that the signification thereof is directed purposely and specially to some matter not naturall but celestiall or rather supercelestiall so strange as from the beginning of the worlde neuer was the like The four and twentith of Nouember Earle of Derby deceassed Edwarde Earle of Derby Lorde Stanley and Strange of Knocking Lord and gouernour of the Isles of Man Knyghte of the noble order of the Garter and one of the Queenes Maiesties priuie Counsell deceassed at hys house called Latham in Lancashire Hys lyfe and deathe deseruing commendation and crauyng memorie to bee imitated was suche as followeth Hys fidelitie to two Kynges and two Queenes in daungerous tymes and great Rebellions in whyche tyme and alwayes as cause serued hee was Lieutenaunt of Lancashire and Cheshire and lately offered tenne thousande menne to the Queenes Maiestie of hys owne charge for the suppression of the last rebellion His godly disposition to his tenants neuer forcing anye seruice at theyr handes but due payment of theyr rent His liberalitie to strangers and such as shewed themselues gratefull to him His famous houskeeping and .xj. score in checkrol neuer discontinuing the space of twelue yeare His feeding especially of aged persons twice a day .lx. and odde besides all commers thrice a weeke appoynted for his dealing dayes and euery good Fryday these .xxxv. yeares one with another two thousande seuen hundred with meate drinke money and money worth There was neuer Gentleman or other that wayted in his seruice but had allowance from him to haue as well wages as otherwise for horse and man His yearely porcion for the dispences of his house foure thousand pounde His cunning in setting bones disioynted or broke his chirurgerie and desire to helpe the poore His deliuerie of his George and Seale to the Lord Straunge with exhortation that he might keepe it so vnspotted in fidelitie to his Prince as he had and his ioy that he dyed in the Queenes fauour Hys ioyfull partyng this worlde his taking leaue of all his seruantes by shaking of handes and his remembrance to the last day The .xxviij. of Nouember Iohn Hall late of Battell in Sussex Gentleman Hall and Wilkinson executed and Oswolde Wilkinson late of Yorke and Gallour of York Castel being before arraigned and condemned of treason were drawne from the Tower of London to Tiburne and there hanged bowelled and quartered Great frost a sharpe winter This yeare a greate and sharpe frost almost continually lasted from before the feast of all Saintes till after the feast of the Epiphanie of our lord with somtime great and deepe snowes and sometymes raines which freesed as fast as the same fell to the grounde wherethrough at Wrotham in Kent and many other places the armes and boughes of Trees being ouercharged with Ice brake off and fell from the stockes of the same Trees Also the wynde contynued North and East till after the Ascention day with sharpe frostes and snowes whereby followed a late spring 1573 L. priuie seale deceassed The twelfth of Ianuarie William Lorde Howarde Baron of Effingham Lorde priuie seale knight of the noble order of the Garter and one of the priuie Counsaile deceassed at Hampton Court Erle of Worcester sent into Fraunce The .xviij. of Ianuarie William Lord Somerset Earle of Worcester began his iourney toward Fraunce to the Christning of the kings daughter there in stead of the Queenes Maiestie of Englande who sent with him a Font of Golde for that purpose weying .326 ounces The sayde Earle with many of his companie were robbed vpon the sea by Pirates of muche of