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A68601 Tom of all trades. Or The plaine path-vvay to preferment Being a discovery of a passage to promotion in all professions, trades, arts, and mysteries. Found out by an old travailer in the sea of experience, amongst the inchanted islands of ill fortune. Now published for common good. By Thomas Povvell. Powell, Thomas, 1572?-1635? 1631 (1631) STC 20168; ESTC S114992 23,102 81

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little of my Lampe in collection of these things and publish them to posterity Provided alwayes that I and mine may have the priviledge of imprinting the same for some fitting number of yeares to come The Navigator NExt to the man of Trade or rather equally with him I must give the Navigator his due for that his profession is as full of science as usefull to the Common wealth and as profitable to himselfe as any trade whatsoever If he attaine the skill of knowing and handling the tackle the certaine art of his Compasse the knowledge of languages and dispositions of forreigne Nations where he travailes and trades he may rise from a Squabler to a Master from a Master to be a Generall honestly and with good reputation in a short time The Nauigator his way of Advancement and imployment is by The Lords of his Maiesties privie Councell The High Admirall Commissioners for the Kings Navy Chiefe Officers of the Navyes of Societies incorporate Private Merchants and the like With the Trinitie house But if he get to be an Owner he may trade as free as bird in ayre as a man of warre or a man of trade and Commerce If he take heed that he intrench not vpon the incorporated Companies especially the minotaur He cannot do amisse with Gods assistnace He may liue merrily and contentedly be it but in trading as a meere Carryer of home cōmodities Imported from one port to another within the kingdome The Husbandman THe Husbandman may likewise for the happie content of the life and the honest gaine which it brings with it be worthy to inuite a right good mans sonne to vndergoe the profession Your sonne whom you intend for a Husbandman must be of a disposition part gentile and rusticke equally mixt together For if the Gentleman be predominant his running Nagge will out run the Constable His extraordinary strong Beere will be too headstrong in office of Church-Warden And his well mouthed dogges will make him out-mouth all the Vestrie But if the clowne be predominant he will smell all browne bread and garlicke Besides he must be of a hardier temper than the rest of his brethren because the vnhealthfullest corners of the Kingdome are the most profitable for Fermors He must especially aime at a Tenancie vnder the Crowne or some Bishops Sea Deane and Chapter some Colledge some Companie some Hospitall or some other bodie incorporate Wherein the Auditor or Receiver must be his best Intelligencer and Director Young vnthrifts acquaintance when they first arriue at the age of one and twentie And good old conscionable Landlords that hold it a deadly sinne to raise the rents of their Grandfathers or hope to be deliuered out of Purgatorie by their Tenants prayers will doe well These professions before mentioned be as it were the orbs to receiue all fixed starrs and such dispositions as may be put into any certaine frame But for a more libertine disposition Fit it with the profession of a Courtier For an overflowing and Ranker disposition make him a Souldier But beyond this he is a lost man not worthy a fathers remembrance or prouidence The Courtiers wayes of advancement be these BY the generall and most ancient rule of Court if you would have him to be preferred unto the Kings service in the end And in the meane time to have sufficient meanes of maintenance Place him with one of the White Staves of the Houshold By the more particular rule if you can put him unto the Lord High Steward his Service who amongst the white Staves hath the chiefest hand in preferring to any office beneath stayres If the High Steward be full seeke to the Lord Chamberlaine who hath the chiefe power to preferre to the places above stayres and to the Wardrobe And if there be no entrance there then seek to the Treasurer of the Houshold and next to the Controllor The Master of the Houshold The Coferer and the rest of the greene Cloth The Master of the Horse preferres to the Avenanarie and other Clarkeships offices and places about the Stable The principall Secretary hath heretofore had a great hand in preferring to the Clarkeships in the office of the Signet and the Lord privie Seale into the privie Seale office The Master of the great Wardrobe into the Clarkeships and offices there The Master of the Robes The Master of the Iewell-house the Keeper of the privie Purse The Master of the Toyles and Tents with some other the like have whilome beene the meanes of preferring divers their followers into the service of the King in divers beneficiall places and Clarkeships in their severall offices respectively The Lord Treasurer without the house preferres to his Majesties service in most places in or about the Custome-houses in all the parts of England And besides these I sinde no meanes used of old for preferment into the Kings service for these kind of places The yeomen of the Guard were wont to come in for their personage and activitie by their Captaines allowance And the Bed-chamber mens servants ever were in way to be preferred for Pages of the privie Chamber or Groomes or placed at the back staires not of right but of custome For the Clarkes of the Houshold they were wont anciently to rise by certaine degrees according to the prescription of the Black Booke but how it is now I know not For your better satisfaction of Court Offices their order and Fee Search the Blacke Booke in the Exchequer and in the Court. And for all Offices whatsoever under the King throughout the whole Kingdome Either in Castle Parke Chase Court or house of the Kings royalty or place soever with the then Fees of the same I referre you to a booke Whereof many hundred Copies are extant which was collected by the Lord Treasurer Burleigh and by him delivered to the late Queene Elizabeth of famous memorie And so much for the Courtier The Souldier followes ANd the question is first Whether the better way of thriving is to be a Sea Soldier or a Land Soldier Questionlesse the better way of thriving is to be a Sea Soldier In this Kingdome of England being an Island for that he is more vsefull to his Country More learning is required to be a Sea Soldier than to be a Land Soldier A Sea Soldier is certaine of victuals and wages where the Land Soldiers pay will hardly find him sustenance A Sea Soldier may now and than chaunce to haue a snapp at a bootie or a price which may in an instant make him a fortune for ever where the Land Soldier may in an age come to the ransacking of a poore fisher Towne at the most More valour is required in a Sea Soldier than in a Land Soldier because the extremitie of the place requires it The Sea Captaine is exposed to as much danger during the whole fight as the poorest man in the Ship where the land Captaine vseth but to offer his men to the face of the enemy and than
retreateth The way to rise to preferment at Sea is by the Admiralls Countenance and the Vice Admiralls in the Kings seruice or in other service by the favour of great traded Merchants and especially of your bodies incorporate and their chiefe Officers and more especially their President and Treasurer for the time being His breeding is a matter of more moment than his age regardeth If he be true bred he should be first made a perfect Nauigator able to direct the Sterage of their course able to know the tackle and appoint every Sayler to his charge He should know what number of Saylors what Ordinance and what munition should be requisite for a Ship of such a burden He should be a skilfull Caneere and able to direct the Gunner to say what quantity of powder a Peece of such bore ond depth requireth and of what weight the bullet should be where such a quantity of powder is vsed whether the Peece be sound or hony-combed He should be able to know and direct what quantity of victuall should be required for so many men for such a voyage And what quantity of powder and shot Also to ouersee and direct the Purser and Steward in the expence of their victuall without profusenesse or too much percemonie Likewise skilfull in all manner of Fire-workes and fitting Engines for sea fight Briefly he should be so compleat as that none should be able to teach him in his place and he skilfull to controle every other in their places He should be courteous and louing to his men Aboue all things he should be zealous of the honour of God See that the divine service be duely read on board Evening and Morning and that swearing be severely punished A Sea Captaine is not a place for a young man to leape into instantly and imediately out of a Ladies Vshership a Great mans bed chamber or a Littletons discipleship It is not your feathered Gallant of the Court nor your Tauerne Roarer of the Citie becomes this place I assure you I find not any Meson de dieu for relieving of mayned Marriners only but that erected at Chattam by Sir Iohn Hawkins Knight Treasurer of the Navie of the late Q. Elizabeth wherein it was provided that there should be a deduction of Sixpence by the Moneth out of every man and boy their wages in every voyage towards the same Which I could wish were aswell imployed as collected The Land-Souldier followes IF the Land-Souldier thinke to thrive and rise by degrees of service from a Common Souldier to a Captaine in this age alas hee is much deceived That custome is obsolete and growne out of use Doe what he can doe in Land-service hee shall hardly rise by his single merit His happinesse shall be but to fill his hungry belly and Satiate himselfe upon a Pay day But if hee be of Kinne or a favourite to some great Officer hee may carry the Colours the first day bee a Lieutenant the second and a Captaine before he knowes how many dayes goe to the weeke in their Regiment The Land-service where a man may learne most experience of Warre discipline is in the Low-Countries by reason of the long exercise of Warres and variety of Stratagems there Beyond that Northward the service is both more unprofitable and more dangerous and lesse experience is to be there learned The more your Sonne turnes his face to the South the more profitable the Land-service is Lastly if hee have no friend or kindred to raise him in the Land-service I assure you that there is no Law against buying and selling of Offices in the Low-Countries for ought that I have read Neither is it markable amongst them After the Souldier returnes home it makes no matter what number of wounds hee can reckon about him All the wayes of reliefe for him that I can number are these A poore Knights place of Windsor If the Herald report him a Gentleman And the Knights of the Honourable Order of the Garter will accept him A Brother of Suttons Hospitall If the Feoffees have not Servants of their owne to preferre before him A Pensioner of the County If the lustices find him worthy And that hee was prest forth of the same County Saint Thomas in Southwarke and St. Bartholmews Smithfield onely till their wounds or diseases be cured and no longer And that if the Masters of the sayd Hospitals please to receive them For the Savoy where Souldiers had a foundation I know none now And other Houses appropriated for reliefe of Souldiers now in use I remember none For the chiefe are long since demolished The Templarij are gone The Knights of St. Iohn of Ierusalem forgotten That famous House upon Lincolne greene is rac'd to the ground And many the like now better knowne by the Records than the remaines of their ruines with their Revenue are all diverted from the uses of their first foundation to private and peculiar Inheritances which I pity more than the dissolution of all the Monasteries that ever were Heere you see is preferment enough for your sixe Sonnes though you bestow every one upon a severall Profession Onely take this generall Rule for all viz. To what course soever your sonnes shall betake them Bee sure that they all have Crammar learning at the least So shall they bee able to receive and reteyne the impression of any the said Professions And otherwise shall scarce possibly become Masters in the same or any one of them Or if they doe It will bee with more than ordinary paines and difficulty Your three Daughters challenge the next place FOr theyr Portions I shewed you before how and when to raise them That is by the Marriage of your eldest Sonne or out of that part of your personall estate which you may spare without prejudice of your selfe I would have their breeding like to the Dutch Womans clothing tending to profit onely and comelinesse Though she never have a dancing Schoole-Master A French Tutor nor a Scotch Taylor to make her shoulders of the breadth of Bristow Cowsway It makes no matter For working in curious Italiā purles or French borders it is not worth the while Let them learne plaine workes of all kind so they take heed of too open seaming In stead of Song and Musicke let them learne Cookery and Laundrie And in stead of reading Sir Philip Sidneys Arcadia let them read the grounds of good huswifery I like not a female Poetresse at any hand Let greater personages glory their skill in musicke the posture of their bodies their knowledge in languages the greatnesse and freedome of their spirits and their arts in arreigning of mens affections at their flattering faces This is not the way to breed a private Gentlemans Daughter If the mother of them be a good Huswife and Religiously disposed let her have the bringing up of one of them Place the other two forth betimes and before they can judge of a good manly leg The one in the house of some good Merchant or Citizen of civill and Religious government The other in the house of some Lawyer some Iudge or well reported Iustice or Gentleman of the Country where the Servingman is not too predominant In any of these she may learne what belongs to her improvement for Sempstrie for Confectionary and all requisits of Huswifery She shall be sure to be restrained of all ranke company and unfitting libertie which are the overthrow of too many of their Sexe There is a pretty way of breeding young Maides an Exchange shop or St. Martins le grand But many of them get such a foolish Crick with carrying the Bandbox under their Apron to Gentlemens Chambers that in the end it is hard to distinguish whether it be their belly or their bandbox makes such a goodly show And in a trade where a woman is sole Chapman she claimes such a preheminence over her husband that she will not be held to give him an account of her dealings eyther in retaile or whole saile at any rate The Merchants Factor and Citizens servant of the better sort cannot disparage your Daughters with their Societie And the Iudges Lawyers and Iustices followers are not ordinary Servingmen but men of good breed and their education for the most part Clarkely whose service promiseth their farther and future advancement Your Daughter at home will make a good wife for some good Yeomans eldest Sonne whose father will be glad to crowne his sweating frugality with alliance to such a house of Gentry The youngmans fingers will itch to be handling of Taffata and to be placed at the Table and to be carved unto by Mistris Dorothie it will make him and the good plaine old Ione his Mother to passe over all respect of Portion or Patrimony For your Daughter at the Merchants and her sister if they can carry it wittily the City affords them varietie The young Factor being fancy-caught in his days of Innocency before he travaile so farre into experience as into forreigne Countries may lay such a foundation of first love in her bosome as no alteration of Climate can alter So likewise may Thomas the fore-man of the Shop when beard comes to him as Apprentiship goes from him be intangled and belymed with the like springs For the better is as easily surprized as the worse Some of your Clarkly men complaine the moysture of their palmes Others the Sorpego in their wrists both movin●●●anes With a little patience your daughter may light upon some Counsailor at Law who may be willing to take the young Wench in hope of favour with the old Iudge An Attorney will be glad to give all his profits of a Michaelmas Terme Fees and all but to wooe her through a Crevice And the Parson of the Parish being her Ladies Chaplaine will forsweare eating of Tithe Pig for a whole yeare for such a parcell of Glebe Land at all times And so much for your Sonnes and Daughters I now espy mine Host of the Bull here in Saint Albans standing at his doore upon his left leg like to the old Drummer of Parish-garden ready to entertaine us Therefore I will here conclude with that of the Poet. Navibus atque Quadragis petimus benevivere quod pet is hic est Est Anglis animus si te non deficit equus FINIS LONDON Printed by B. ALSOP and T. FAVVCET for Ben Fisher and are to bee sold at his Shop at the signe of the Talbot in Aldersgate-street 1631.