convocato_fw-la 2._o convocato_fw-la rog._n hou._n in_o hen_n 2._o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v call_v to_o clarendon_n anno_fw-la 1163._o by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o for_o the_o declare_v and_o confirm_v of_o the_o subject_n liberty_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1185_o towards_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o say_v king_n reign_n convocatus_fw-la est_fw-la clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la cum_fw-la tota_fw-la nobilitate_fw-la ad_fw-la fontem_fw-la clericorum_fw-la 2._o clericorum_fw-la matth._n paris_n in_o hen._n 2._o the_o clergy_n commons_o and_o nobility_n be_v call_v unto_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o clerkenwell_n and_o final_o that_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v at_o london_n in_o which_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v present_a cum_fw-la toto_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la secta_fw-la laicali_fw-la 5._o laicali_fw-la quadrilog_n ap_fw-mi selden_n tit._n of_o hon._n pt_a 2._o c._n 5._o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n hitherto_o then_o the_o clergy_n of_o both_o rank_n and_o order_n as_o well_o as_o populus_fw-la or_o tota_fw-la secta_fw-la laicalis_fw-la the_o subject_n of_o the_o laity_n or_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v their_o place_n in_o parliament_n and_o in_o possession_n of_o this_o right_a the_o clergy_n stand_v when_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v set_v out_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d_o wherein_o the_o freedom_n right_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n of_o which_o this_o evident_o be_v one_o be_v confirm_v unto_o she_o 1._o she_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 1._o of_o the_o irrefragable_a and_o inviolable_a authority_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o the_o cavil_v of_o excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la which_o have_v be_v use_v against_o the_o vote_v of_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n come_v in_o next_o for_o proof_n that_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n have_v their_o place_n or_o vote_n with_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o if_o in_o those_o time_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o make_v two_o house_n which_o i_o be_o not_o sure_a of_o the_o clergy_n can_v not_o be_v exclude_v in_o a_o angry_a fit_n or_o out_o of_o a_o particular_a design_n to_o deprive_v they_o of_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n protection_n if_o they_o have_v not_o former_o a_o place_n among_o they_o &_o if_o we_o will_v not_o understand_v by_o clerus_fw-la the_o inferior_a clergy_n which_o much_o about_o that_o time_n as_o before_o we_o show_v begin_v to_o be_v the_o legâ—l_a english_a of_o the_o word_n we_o must_v needs_o understand_v the_o whole_a clergy_n general_o the_o clergy_n of_o both_o rank_n and_o order_n but_o our_o main_a proof_n be_v yet_o to_o come_v which_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v first_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o ancient_o the_o clergy_n of_o each_o several_a diocese_n be_v chargeable_a by_o law_n for_o the_o expense_n of_o their_o proctor_n in_o attend_v the_o service_n of_o the_o parliament_n according_a as_o the_o county_n be_v by_o common_a law_n since_o confirm_v by_o statute_n 23_o h._n 6._o c._n 11._o to_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o knight_n the_o burrough_n and_o city_n of_o their_o representee_n which_o questionless_a the_o law_n have_v not_o take_v care_n for_o but_o that_o the_o clergy_n have_v their_o place_n in_o parliament_n as_o the_o commons_o have_v and_o this_o appear_v by_o a_o record_n 22._o record_n rotul_n parent_n 26_o ed._n 3._o pt_n 1._o m._n 22._o of_o 26_o of_o king_n edward_n the_o 3d._n in_o which_o the_o abbot_n of_o leieester_n be_v then_o but_o never_o former_o command_v to_o attend_v in_o parliament_n among_o other_o of_o the_o regular_a prelate_n petition_v to_o be_v discharcharge_v from_o that_o attendance_n in_o regard_n he_o hold_v in_o frank-almoigne_a only_o by_o no_o other_o tenure_n which_o he_o obtain_v upon_o this_o condition_n ut_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o procuratores_fw-la ad_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la mittendot_n consentiat_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la moris_fw-la est_fw-la eorundem_fw-la expensis_fw-la contribuat_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n do_v give_v their_o voice_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o such_o procuratour_n as_o the_o clergy_n be_v to_o send_v to_o parliament_n and_o do_v contribute_v towards_o their_o charge_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v next_o in_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la which_o before_o we_o speak_v of_o there_o be_v amodus_fw-la convocandi_fw-la clerum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ad_fw-la parl._n regis_fw-la mâ—_n regis_fw-la modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parl._n mâ—_n a_o form_n of_o call_v the_o english_a clergy_n that_o be_v the_o prelate_n &_o clergy_n as_o john_n selden_n e_o render_v it_o to_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n say_v to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o son_n of_o ethelred_n 2._o s_o v._n title_n of_o hon_n pt_v 2._o present_v to_o the_o conqueror_n and_o by_o he_o observe_v which_o show_v the_o clergy_n in_o those_o time_n have_v their_o place_n in_o parliament_n which_o be_v but_o a_o general_a inference_n shall_v be_v deliver_v more_o particular_o from_o the_o modus_fw-la itself_o which_o inform_v we_o thus_o rex_fw-la est_fw-la caput_fw-la principum_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la etc._n etc._n 12._o etc._n modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parl._n ms._n c._n 12._o the_o king_n be_v the_o head_n the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o so_o he_o have_v not_o any_o equal_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n the_o second_o be_v of_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o prior_n and_o abbat_n hold_v by_o barony_n the_o three_o be_v of_o procurator_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o four_o of_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o noble_n the_o five_o be_v of_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o sixth_o of_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o so_o the_o whole_a parliament_n be_v make_v up_o of_o these_o six_o degree_n but_o the_o say_v modus_fw-la tell_v we_o more_o and_o go_v more_o particular_o to_o work_v than_o so_o for_o in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n speak_v of_o the_o course_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o canvas_v hard_a and_o difficult_a matter_n it_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o use_v to_o choose_v 25_o out_o of_o all_o degree_n like_o a_o grand_a committee_n to_o who_o consideration_n they_o refer_v the_o point_n that_o be_v to_o say_v two_o bishop_n and_o three_o proctor_n for_o the_o clergy_n two_o earl_n three_o baron_n five_o knight_n five_o citizen_n and_o as_o many_o burgess_n and_o in_o the_o 12_o that_o on_o the_o four_o day_n of_o the_o parliament_n the_o lord_n high_a steward_n the_o lord_n constable_n and_o the_o lord_n marshal_n be_v to_o call_v the_o house_n every_o degree_n or_o rank_n of_o man_n in_o its_o several_a order_n and_o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o proctor_n of_o the_o clergy_n do_v not_o make_v appearance_n the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n be_v to_o be_v fine_v 100_o l._n and_o in_o the_o 23d_o chapter_n it_o be_v say_v express_o that_o as_o the_o knight_n citizens_z &_o 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vestrae_fw-la dioceseos_fw
it_o and_o therefore_o sit_v in_o parliament_n in_o no_o other_o capacity_n then_o as_o spiritual_a person_n mere_o who_o by_o their_o extraordinary_a knowledge_n in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o in_o such_o other_o part_n of_o learning_n as_o the_o world_n than_o know_v be_v think_v best_o able_a to_o direct_v and_o advise_v their_o prince_n in_o point_n of_o judgement_n in_o which_o capacity_n and_o no_o other_o the_o prior_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o canterbury_n ely_z winchester_n coventry_n bath_n worcester_n norwich_n and_o durham_n the_o dean_n of_o exeter_n york_n wells_n salisbury_n and_o lincoln_n the_o official_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o dean_n of_o the_o arch_n the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n of_o any_o bishopric_n when_o the_o see_v be_v vacant_a and_o the_o vicar_n general_n of_o such_o bishop_n as_o be_v absent_a beyond_o the_o sea_n 5._o sea_n selden_n title_n of_o hon_n part_n 2._o c._n 5._o have_v sometime_o place_n and_o suffrage_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n in_o the_o age_n follow_v 7._o but_o when_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n have_v possess_v the_o state_n than_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n be_v no_o long_o suffer_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n in_o frankalmoigne_n as_o before_o they_o do_v or_o to_o be_v free_a from_o secular_a service_n and_o command_n as_o before_o they_o be_v although_o they_o keep_v their_o land_n yet_o they_o change_v their_o tenure_n and_o by_o the_o conqueror_n be_v ordain_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n sub_fw-la militari_fw-la servitute_fw-la 1070._o servitute_fw-la maâ—_n paris_n in_o will._n 1._o an._n 1070._o either_o in_o â—apite_fw-la or_o by_o baronage_n or_o some_o such_o military_a hold_n and_o thereby_o be_v compellable_n to_o aid_v the_o king_n in_o all_o time_n of_o war_n with_o man_n arm_n and_o horse_n as_o the_o lay-subject_n of_o the_o same_o tenor_n be_v require_v to_o do_v which_o though_o it_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v a_o great_a disfranchisement_n at_o the_o first_o and_o a_o heavy_a burden_n to_o the_o prelacy_n yet_o it_o conduce_v at_o last_o to_o their_o great_a honour_n in_o give_v they_o a_o further_a title_n to_o their_o place_n in_o parliament_n than_o that_o which_o former_o they_o can_v pretend_v to_o before_o they_o claim_v a_o place_n therein_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la only_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o office_n or_o spiritual_a dignity_n but_o after_o this_o by_o reason_n also_o of_o those_o ancient_a barony_n which_o be_v annex_v unto_o their_o dignity_n en_fw-fr respect_n de_fw-fr lour_v possession_n l'antient_a barony_n annex_v a_o lour_v dignity_n 1._o dignity_n stamfords_n plâ—es_n l._n 3_o c._n 1._o as_o our_o lawyer_n have_v it_o from_o this_o time_n forward_o we_o must_v look_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n not_o as_o bishop_n only_o but_o as_o peer_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n also_o and_o so_o themselves_o affirm_v to_o the_o temporal_a lord_n in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o northampton_n under_o henry_n 2._o non_fw-la sedimus_fw-la hic_fw-la episcopi_fw-la say_v barones_n nos_fw-la barones_n ve_z barones_n pares_fw-la hic_fw-la sumus_fw-la 5._o sumus_fw-la ap_fw-mi selden_n title_n of_o hon_n pâ—_n 2._o c._n 5._o we_o fit_v not_o here_o say_v they_o as_o bishoâ—ps_o only_o but_o as_o baron_n we_o be_v baron_n and_o you_o be_v baron_n here_o we_o sit_v as_o peer_n which_o last_o be_v also_o verify_v in_o terminis_fw-la by_o the_o word_n of_o a_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n wherein_o the_o bishop_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v peer_n of_o the_o land_n 5._o land_n stat._n 25_o edw._n 3._o c._n 5._o now_o that_o the_o bishop_n be_v a_o fundamental_a and_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o make_v good_a by_o two_o manner_n of_o proof_n whereof_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la &_o the_o other_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o first_o we_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o proof_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o therein_o first_o with_o that_o which_o do_v occur_v in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n athelstan_n among_o the_o which_o there_o be_v a_o chapter_n it_o be_v cap._n 11._o entitle_v de_fw-fr officio_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o quid_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la officium_fw-la ejus_fw-la and_o therein_o it_o be_v thus_o declare_v episcopo_fw-la jure_fw-la pertinet_fw-la omnem_fw-la rectitudinem_fw-la promovere_fw-la dei_fw-la scilicet_fw-la &_o seculi_fw-la &c._n &c._n 402._o &c._n spelm._n council_n p._n 402._o et_fw-la convenit_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o testimonium_fw-la ejus_fw-la omne_fw-la legis_fw-la scitum_fw-la &_o burgi_n mensura_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la pondus_fw-la sit_fw-la secundum_fw-la dictionem_fw-la ejus_fw-la institutum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v it_o belong_v of_o right_n unto_o the_o bishop_n to_o promote_v justice_n in_o matter_n which_o concern_v both_o the_o church_n and_o state_n and_o unto_o he_o it_o appertain_v that_o by_o his_o counsel_n and_o award_n all_o law_n &_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v ordain_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n 2._o next_o we_o will_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o old_a record_n entitle_v modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_o which_o it_o be_v affirm_v ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la summoniri_fw-la &_o venire_fw-la debere_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n pricre_n &_o alios_fw-la majores_fw-la cleri_fw-la qui_fw-la tenent_fw-la per_fw-la comitatum_fw-la aut_fw-la baroniam_fw-la ratione_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la tenurae_fw-la parliament_n tenurae_fw-la modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliament_n that_o all_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbat_n prior_n and_o other_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n who_o hold_v their_o land_n either_o by_o a_o earl_n fee_n or_o a_o baron_n fee_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v and_o to_o come_v to_o parliament_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o tenure_n 3._o next_o look_v we_o on_o the_o chartulary_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o recognize_v in_o full_a parliament_n at_o clarendon_n under_o henry_n the_o second_o where_o they_o be_v call_v avitas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la which_o declare_v it_o thus_o archipiscopi_n episcopi_fw-la &_o universae_fw-la personae_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-fr regetenent_n in_o capite_fw-la habeant_fw-la possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la ficut_fw-la baroniam_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la barones_n debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la 2._o mortem_fw-la matth._n paris_n in_o hen._n 2._o the_o meaning_n be_v in_o brief_a that_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o all_o other_o ecclesiastical_a person_n which_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o have_v and_o hold_v their_o land_n in_o barony_n and_o that_o they_o ought_v as_o baron_n to_o be_v present_a in_o all_o judgement_n with_o the_o other_o baron_n in_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n until_o the_o very_a sentence_n of_o death_n or_o mutilation_n which_o be_v very_o common_a in_o those_o time_n be_v to_o be_v pronounce_v and_o then_o they_o commou_o do_v use_v to_o withdraw_v themselves_o not_o out_o of_o any_o incapacity_n suppose_v to_o be_v in_o they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n but_o out_o of_o a_o restraint_n impose_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 4._o in_o the_o great_a charter_n make_v by_o king_n john_n in_o the_o last_o of_o his_o reign_n we_o have_v the_o form_n of_o summon_v a_o parliament_n and_o call_v those_o together_o who_o have_v vote_n therein_o thus_o express_v at_o large_a ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_v consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la auxilio_fw-la assidendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la faciemus_fw-la summoneri_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbaâ—es_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la per_fw-la liâ—eras_fw-la nostras_fw-la et_fw-la praeterea_fw-la summoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vice-cemites_a &_o ballivos_fw-la nostros_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la tenent_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la sc_fw-la ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la 40_o dierum_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la locum_fw-la etc._n etc._n joh._n etc._n id._n in_o joh._n in_o which_o we_o have_v not_o only_o a_o most_o evident_a proof_n that_o the_o bishop_n be_v of_o right_a to_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n for_o grant_v subsidy_n and_o escuage_z and_o treat_v of_o the_o great_a affair_n which_o concern_v the_o kingdom_n but_o that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v summon_v by_o particular_a letter_n as_o well_o as_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n or_o either_o of_o they_o a_o former_a copy_n of_o which_o summon_v issue_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_a king_n john_n be_v extant_a on_o record_n and_o put_v in_o print_n of_o late_a in_o the_o 5._o the_o pt._n 2._o c._n 5._o title_n of_o honour_n and_o we_o have_v here_o i_o note_v this_o only_a by_o the_o way_n a_o brief_a intimation_n touch_v the_o form_n of_o summon_v the_o commons_o to_o attend_v in_o
parliament_n and_o the_o time_n of_o 40_o day_n express_o specify_v to_o intervene_v between_o the_o summons_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o parliament_n which_o commons_o be_v such_o as_o ancient_o do_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o either_o have_v a_o knight_n fee_n or_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n do_v first_o promiscuous_o attend_v in_o these_o public_a meeting_n and_o after_o be_v reduce_v to_o four_o quatuor_fw-la discretos_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la as_o ibid._n as_o id._n ibid._n the_o writ_n run_v unto_o the_o sheriff_n and_o at_o last_o to_o two_o as_o they_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n 5._o we_o have_v it_o thus_o in_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._a the_o birthright_n of_o the_o english_a subject_n according_a as_o it_o stand_v translate_v in_o the_o book_n of_o statute_n first_o we_o have_v grant_v to_o god_n and_o by_o this_o our_o present_a charter_n have_v confirm_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n for_o ever_o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v free_a and_o shall_v enjoy_v all_o her_o whole_a right_n and_o liberty_n inviolable_a 1._o inviolable_a magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 1._o but_o it_o be_v a_o know_v right_o and_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n that_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o many_o of_o the_o great_a clergy_n and_o peradventure_o also_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n whereof_o more_o anon_o have_v their_o vote_n in_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o be_v to_o be_v preserve_v inviolable_a by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n their_o heir_n and_o successor_n for_o ever_o which_o charter_n as_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o solemn_a curse_n denounce_v on_o all_o the_o infringer_n of_o it_o by_o boniface_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 3._o canterbury_n matth._n patis_fw-la in_o henr._n 3._o and_o ratify_v in_o no_o few_o man_n 30_o succeed_a parliament_n so_o be_v it_o enact_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v send_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o all_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v read_v twice_o a_o year_n before_o the_o people_n 2._o people_n 25_o edw._n 1._o c._n 2._o that_o they_o shall_v be_v read_v four_o time_n every_o year_n in_o a_o full_a county-court_n 1._o county-court_n 28_o edw._n 1._o c._n 1._o and_o final_o that_o all_o judgement_n give_v against_o it_o shall_v be_v void_a 3._o void_a 25_o edw._n 1._o c._n 3._o 6._o we_o have_v the_o protestation_n of_o john_n stratford_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o 3d._n who_o be_v in_o disfavour_n with_o the_o king_n and_o deny_v entrance_n into_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n challenge_v his_o place_n and_o suffrage_n there_o as_o the_o first_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o one_o that_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o first_o voice_n in_o parliament_n in_o right_a of_o his_o see_n but_o hear_v he_o speak_v his_o own_o word_n which_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v amici_n for_o he_o speak_v to_o those_o who_o take_v witness_n of_o it_o rexme_v ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la scripto_fw-la svo_fw-la vocavit_fw-la &_o ego_fw-la tanquam_fw-la major_n par_fw-fr regni_fw-la post_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o primam_fw-la vocem_fw-la habere_fw-la debens_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la jura_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la meae_fw-la cantuariensis_n vendico_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la ingressum_fw-la in_o parliamentum_fw-la peto_fw-la stratford_n peto_fw-la antiqu._n bâ—itan_n in_o joh._n stratford_n which_o be_v full_a and_o plain_a 7._o and_o last_o there_o be_v the_o protestation_n on_o record_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o at_o what_o time_n william_n courtney_n be_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o be_v to_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n at_o the_o pronounce_v of_o the_o sentence_n of_o death_n on_o some_o guilty_a lord_n first_o make_v their_o procurator_n to_o supply_v their_o room_n &_o then_o put_v up_o their_o protestation_n to_o preserve_v their_o right_n the_o sum_n whereof_o for_o as_o much_o as_o do_v concern_v this_o business_n in_o their_o own_o word_n thus_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la &_o consuetudine_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la ad_fw-la archiepiscopum_fw-la cantuariensem_fw-la qui_fw-la pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la fuerit_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la coeteros_fw-la suffraganeos_fw-la confratres_fw-la &_o compatres_fw-la abbates_n &_o priores_fw-la aliosque_fw-la praelatos_fw-la quoscunque_fw-la per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la tenentes_fw-la pertinet_fw-la in_o parliamentis_fw-la regis_fw-la quibuscunque_fw-la ut_fw-la pares_fw-la regni_fw-la praedicti_fw-la personaliter_fw-la interest_n ibidemque_fw-la de_fw-la regni_fw-la negotiis_fw-la ac_fw-la aliis_fw-la tractari_fw-la consuetis_fw-la cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la paribus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la ibidem_fw-la jus_o interessendi_fw-la habentibns_fw-la consulere_fw-la &_o tractare_fw-la ordinare_fw-la statuere_fw-la &_o diffinire_n ac_fw-la câ—etera_fw-la facere_fw-la quae_fw-la parliamento_fw-la ibidem_fw-la imminent_a facienda_fw-la this_o put_v together_o make_v enough_o abundant_o for_o the_o proof_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la courtney_n k_n in_o vita_fw-la gul._n courtney_n and_o make_v the_o bishop_n right_a to_o have_v vote_n in_o parliament_n to_o be_v undeniable_a let_v we_o next_o see_v whether_o this_o right_a of_o they_o be_v not_o confirm_v and_o countenance_v by_o continual_a practice_n and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o lose_v it_o by_o discontinuance_n which_o be_v my_o second_o kind_n of_o proof_n those_o i_o mean_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o first_o beginning_n with_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n we_o find_v a_o parliament_n assemble_v in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o that_o king_n wherein_o be_v present_a episcopi_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o primate_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la 1_o angliae_fw-la matth._n paris_n in_o willielmo_n 1_o the_o bishop_n abbat_n earl_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o william_n rufus_n a_o old_a author_n tell_v we_o de_fw-fr regni_fw-la statu_fw-la acturus_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n &_o quoscunque_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la praecepti_fw-la svi_fw-la sanctione_n egit_fw-la that_o be_v to_o consult_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o call_v together_o by_o his_o writ_n the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o all_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n 2._o realm_n eadmer_n hist_o nou._n l._n 2._o during_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o for_o we_o will_v take_v but_o one_o example_n out_o of_o each_o king_n reign_n though_o each_o king_n reign_n will_v yield_v we_o more_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v at_o london_n wherein_o be_v many_o thing_n dispatch_v aswell_o of_o ecclesiastical_a as_o secular_a nature_n the_o bishop_n and_o abbat_n be_v present_a with_o the_o other_o lord_n coacto_fw-la apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la magno_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o procerum_fw-la abbatumque_fw-la conciliâ—_n multa_fw-la ecclefiasticarum_fw-la &_o secularium_fw-la rerum_fw-la ordinata_fw-la negotia_fw-la decisa_fw-la litigia_fw-la say_v the_o monk_n of_o malmesâ—ury_n 5._o malmesâ—ury_n malmesb._n hist_o reg_fw-la angl._n l._n 5._o and_o of_o this_o parliament_n it_o be_v i_o take_v it_o that_o eadmer_n speak_v hist._n novel_a l._n 4._o p._n 91._o proceed_v we_o to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o for_o king_n stephen_n reign_n be_v so_o full_a of_o war_n and_o tumult_n that_o there_o be_v very_o little_a to_o be_v find_v of_o parliament_n and_o there_o we_o find_v the_o bishop_n with_o the_o other_o peer_n convene_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o point_n in_o controversy_n between_o alfonso_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n refer_v by_o compromise_n to_o that_o king_n of_o england_n and_o here_o determine_v by_o king_n henry_n among_o other_o thing_n habito_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la et_fw-la baronebus_n cum_fw-la deliberatione_n consilio_fw-la as_o in_o roger_n hoveden_n 2._o hoveden_n hoveden_n annal._n pars_fw-la poster_n in_o hen._n 2._o next_o he_o come_v rich._n the_o first_o his_o son_n during_o who_o imprisonment_n by_o the_o d._n of_o austria_n his_o brother_n john_n then_o earl_n of_o moriton_n endeavour_v by_o force_n and_o cunning_n in_o normandy_n to_o set_v the_o crown_n on_o his_o own_o head_n which_o cause_v hubert_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n convocatis_fw-la coram_fw-la eo_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la regni_fw-la joh._n regni_fw-la id._n in_o joh._n wherein_o the_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n do_v with_o one_o consent_n agree_v to_o seize_v on_o his_o estate_n and_o suppress_v his_o power_n the_o better_a to_o preserve_v the_o kingdom_n in_o wealth_n peace_n and_o safety_n after_o succeed_v john_n and_o he_o call_v a_o parliament_n wherein_o be_v certain_a law_n make_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o kingdom_n communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la suoâ—um_fw-la angâ—iae_fw-la by_o the_o common_a counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o
his_o liege_n remember_v what_o be_v say_v before_o touch_v the_o writ_n of_o summons_n in_o the_o say_v king_n time_n from_o this_o time_n till_o the_o last_o parliament_n of_o king_n charles_n there_o be_v no_o king_n reign_v of_o which_o we_o have_v not_o many_o though_o not_o all_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n still_o in_o print_n among_o we_o nor_o be_v there_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o print_a book_n to_o the_o enact_v of_o the_o which_o the_o bishop_n approbation_n and_o consent_n be_v not_o plain_o specify_v either_o in_o the_o general_a proem_n set_v before_o the_o act_n or_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n it_o themselves_o as_o by_o the_o book_n themselves_o do_v at_o at_o large_a appear_v and_o to_o this_o kind_n of_o proof_n may_v be_v further_o add_v the_o form_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o writ_n by_o which_o the_o prelate_n in_o all_o time_n have_v be_v call_v to_o parliament_n be_v the_o very_a same_o verbatim_o with_o that_o which_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o temporal_a baron_n save_v that_o the_o spiritual_a lord_n be_v command_v to_o attend_v the_o service_n in_o fide_fw-la &_o dilectione_n the_o temporal_a in_o fide_fw-la &_o homagio_fw-la and_o of_o late_a time_n in_o fide_fw-la &_o ligeantia_fw-la a_o form_n or_o copy_n of_o which_o summon_v as_o ancient_a as_o king_n john_n time_n be_v still_o preserve_v upon_o record_n direct_v nominatim_fw-la to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 5._o canterbury_n v._o title_n of_o hon_n pt_v 2._o c._n 5._o and_o then_o a_o scriptum_fw-la est_fw-la similiter_fw-la to_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o bishop_n abbat_n earl_n and_o baron_n then_o add_v the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n for_o themselves_o and_o their_o servant_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o session_n the_o liberty_n to_o kill_v and_o take_v one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o king_n deer_n as_o they_o pass_v by_o any_o of_o his_o forest_n in_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n upon_o his_o commandment_n cap._n commandment_n charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n cap._n their_o enjoy_n of_o the_o same_o immunity_n which_o be_v and_o have_v be_v heretofore_o enjoy_v by_o the_o temporal_a baron_n britannia_n baron_n cambden_n in_o britannia_n and_o tell_v i_o if_o the_o bishop_n do_v not_o sit_v in_o parliament_n by_o as_o good_a a_o title_n and_o have_v not_o sit_v there_o long_o by_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n in_o their_o predecessor_n as_o or_o than_o any_o of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n do_v sit_v or_o have_v sit_v there_o in_o their_o progenitour_n and_o therefore_o certain_o essential_a fundamental_a part_n of_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n 8._o but_o against_o this_o it_o be_v object_v first_o that_o some_o act_n have_v pass_v in_o parliament_n to_o which_o the_o prelate_n do_v not_o vote_n nor_o can_v be_v present_a in_o the_o house_n when_o the_o bill_n be_v pass_v as_o in_o the_o sentence_n to_o death_n or_o mutilation_n of_o a_o guilty_a person_n as_o do_v appear_v both_o by_o the_o law_n &_o constitution_n recognize_v at_o clarendon_n and_o the_o follow_a practice_n this_o have_v be_v touch_v on_o before_o &_o we_o tell_v you_o then_o that_o this_o restraint_n be_v lay_v upon_o they_o not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n or_o any_o act_n or_o ordinance_n of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n by_o which_o they_o be_v disable_v to_o attend_v that_o service_n it_o be_v their_o own_o voluntary_a act_n none_o compel_v they_o to_o it_o but_o only_o out_o of_o a_o conformity_n to_o some_o former_a canon_n ad_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la canonum_fw-la instituta_fw-la courtney_n instituta_fw-la antiqu._n brit._n in_o gul._n courtney_n as_o their_o own_o word_n be_v by_o which_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o the_o clergy_n man_n to_o be_v either_o judge_n or_o assessor_n in_o causa_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la 45._o sanguinis_fw-la constitut_n othobon_n fol._n 45._o and_o yet_o they_o take_v such_o care_n to_o preserve_v their_o interest_n that_o they_o do_v not_o only_o give_v their_o proxy_n for_o the_o represent_v of_o their_o person_n but_o do_v put_v up_o their_o protestation_n with_o a_o salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la for_o the_o preserve_n of_o their_o right_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v jure_fw-la paritatis_fw-la &_o interessendi_fw-la in_o dicto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la courtney_n parliamento_fw-la antiqu._n britan._n in_o gul._n courtney_n quoad_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o singula_fw-la ibi_fw-la excercenda_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la semper_fw-la salvo_fw-la as_o the_o manner_n be_v example_n of_o the_o which_o be_v as_o full_a and_o frequent_a as_o their_o withdraw_a themselves_o on_o the_o say_a occasion_n but_o then_o the_o main_a objection_n be_v that_o as_o some_o act_n have_v pass_v in_o parliament_n absentibus_fw-la praelatis_fw-la when_o the_o bishop_n do_v absent_v themselves_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n so_o many_o thing_n have_v be_v transact_v in_o the_o parliament_n excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la when_o the_o clergy_n have_v be_v exclude_v or_o put_v out_o of_o the_o house_n by_o some_o act_n or_o ordinance_n a_o precedent_n for_o this_o have_v be_v find_v and_o publish_v by_o such_o as_o envy_v that_o poor_a remnant_n of_o the_o church_n honour_n though_o possible_o they_o will_v find_v themselves_o deceive_v in_o their_o great_a hope_n and_o that_o the_o evidence_n will_v not_o serve_v to_o evince_v the_o cause_n the_o author_n of_o the_o pamphlet_n entitle_v the_o prerogative_n and_o practice_n of_o parliament_n first_o lay_v down_o his_o tenet_n that_o many_o good_a act_n of_o parliament_n may_v be_v make_v though_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n shall_v not_o consent_v unto_o they_o 37._o they_o print_a at_o london_n 1628._o p._n 37._o which_o be_v a_o point_n no_o man_n doubt_n of_o consider_v how_o easy_o their_o negative_a may_v be_v overrule_v by_o the_o far_o great_a number_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n add_v that_o at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o s._n edmundsbury_n 1196_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o ed_n 1._o a_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n the_o baron_n and_o the_o commons_o excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o for_o the_o proof_n hereof_o refer_v we_o unto_o bishop_n jewel_n now_o bishop_n jewel_n say_v indeed_o that_o in_o a_o parliament_n solemn_o hold_v at_o st._n edmunsbury_n by_o king_n edward_n 1_o anno_fw-la 1296._o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v quite_o shut_v forth_o and_o yet_o the_o parliament_n hold_v on_o and_o good_a and_o wholesome_a law_n be_v there_o enact_v the_o depart_a or_o absence_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a notwithstanding_o 1._o notwithstanding_o defence_n of_o the_o apolog._n pt_v 6._o c._n 2._o §._o 1._o in_o the_o record_n whereof_o it_o be_v write_v thus_o habito_fw-la rex_fw-la cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la parliamento_fw-la &_o clero_fw-la excluso_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n keep_v the_o parliament_n with_o his_o baron_n the_o clergy_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v shut_v forth_o it_o be_v enact_v etc._n etc._n wherein_o who_o do_v not_o see_v if_o he_o have_v any_o eye_n that_o by_o this_o reason_n if_o the_o proof_n be_v good_a many_o good_a act_n of_o parllament_n may_v be_v make_v though_o the_o commons_o either_o out_o of_o absence_n or_o opposition_n shall_v not_o consent_v unto_o they_o of_o who_o consent_n unto_o that_o statute_n whatsoever_o it_o be_v there_o be_v as_o little_a to_o be_v find_v in_o that_o record_n as_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o bishop_n but_o for_o answer_n unto_o so_o much_o of_o this_o record_n so_o often_o speak_v of_o and_o applaud_v as_o concern_v the_o bishop_n we_o say_v that_o this_o if_o true_o sence_v as_o i_o think_v it_o be_v not_o be_v the_o particular_a act_n of_o a_o angry_a and_o offend_a king_n against_o his_o clergy_n not_o to_o be_v draw_v into_o example_n as_o a_o proof_n or_o argument_n against_o a_o most_o clear_a know_v and_o undoubted_a right_n the_o case_n stand_v thus_o a_o constitution_n have_v be_v make_v by_o boniface_n the_o 8_o ne_fw-fr aliqua_fw-la collecta_fw-la ex_fw-la ecclesiasticis_fw-la proventibus_fw-la regi_fw-la aut_fw-la cuivis_fw-la alii_fw-la principi_fw-la concedatur_fw-la 1._o concedatur_fw-la matth._n westm_n in_o edw._n 1._o that_o clergy_n man_n shall_v not_o pay_v any_o tax_n or_o tallage_n unto_o king_n or_o prince_n out_o of_o their_o spiritual_a preferment_n without_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o pope_n under_o pretence_n whereof_o the_o clergy_n at_o this_o parliament_n at_o s._n edmundsbury_n refuse_v to_o be_v contributory_a to_o the_o king_n occasion_n when_o the_o lay-member_n of_o the_o house_n have_v be_v forward_o in_o it_o the_o king_n be_v herewith_o much_o offend_v give_v they_o a_o further_a day_n to_o confider_v of_o it_o adjourn_v the_o parliament_n to_o london_n there_o to_o begin_v on_o the_o morrow_n after_o s._n hilary_n day_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n command_v all_o their_o barn_n to_o be_v fast_o seal_v up_o the_o day_n be_v come_v and_o the_o clergy_n still_o
persist_v in_o their_o former_a obstinacy_n excluso_fw-la e_fw-la parliamento_fw-la clero_fw-la consilium_fw-la rex_fw-la cum_fw-la solis_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la habuit_fw-la totumque_fw-la statim_fw-la clerum_fw-la protectione_n sva_fw-la privavit_fw-la winchelsey_n privavit_fw-la antiqu._n brit._n in_o r._n winchelsey_n the_o king_n say_v the_o historian_n exclude_v the_o clergy_n out_o of_o the_o parliament_n advise_v with_o his_o baron_n and_o his_o people_n only_o what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v by_o who_o advice_n he_o put_v the_o clergy_n out_o of_o his_o protection_n and_o thereby_o force_v they_o to_o conform_v to_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n this_o be_v the_o summa_fw-la totalis_fw-la of_o the_o business_n and_o come_v unto_o no_o more_o but_o this_o that_o a_o particular_a course_n be_v advise_v in_o parliament_n on_o a_o particular_a displeasure_n take_v by_o the_o king_n against_o the_o body_n of_o his_o clergy_n then_o convene_v together_o for_o their_o particular_a refusal_n to_o contribute_v to_o his_o want_n &_o war_n the_o better_a to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o natural_a duty_n which_o make_v not_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o against_o the_o right_n of_o bishop_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n or_o for_o exclude_v they_o that_o house_n or_o for_o the_o validity_n of_o such_o act_n as_o be_v make_v in_o parliament_n during_o the_o time_n of_o such_o exclusion_n especial_o consider_v that_o the_o king_n short_o after_o call_v his_o state_n together_o and_o do_v excuse_v himself_o for_o many_o extravagant_a act_n which_o he_o have_v commit_v 1297._o commit_v walsingâ—_n in_o edw._n 1._o anno_fw-la 1297._o against_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a whereof_o this_o be_v one_o lay_v the_o blame_n thereof_o on_o his_o great_a occasion_n and_o the_o necessity_n which_o the_o war_n which_o he_o have_v abroad_o do_v impose_v upon_o he_o and_o so_o much_o as_o in_o answer_n unto_o that_o record_n suppose_v that_o the_o word_n thereof_o be_v right_o sence_v as_o i_o think_v they_o be_v not_o and_o that_o by_o clerus_fw-la there_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v archbishop_n and_o bishop_n as_o i_o think_v we_o be_v not_o there_o be_v no_o record_n i_o dare_v bold_o say_v it_o either_o of_o history_n or_o law_n in_o which_o the_o word_n clerus_fw-la serve_v to_o signify_v the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n exclusive_a of_o the_o other_o clergy_n or_o any_o writing_n whatsoever_o wherein_o it_o do_v not_o either_o signify_v the_o whole_a clergy_n general_o or_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n only_o exclusive_a of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n therefore_o in_o answer_n unto_o that_o so_o much_o applaud_v cavil_v of_o excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la from_o what_o record_n soever_o it_o either_o have_v be_v hitherto_o or_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v produce_v i_o shall_v propose_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o sober_a reader_n whether_o by_o clerus_fw-la in_o that_o place_n or_o in_o any_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n and_o time_n we_o must_v not_o understand_v the_o inâ—eriour_a clergy_n as_o they_o stand_v distinguish_v in_o the_o law_n from_o my_o lord_n the_o bishop_n for_o howsoever_o it_o be_v true_a that_o clerus_fw-la in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a notion_n of_o the_o word_n do_v signify_v the_o whole_a clergy_n general_o archbishop_n bishop_n priest_n and_o deacon_n yet_o in_o the_o legal_a notion_n of_o it_o it_o stand_v distinguish_v from_o the_o prelate_n and_o signify_v only_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n thus_o do_v we_o find_v the_o ecclesiastic_n of_o this_o realm_n divide_v into_o prelate_n man_n of_o religion_n and_o other_o clerk_n 3._o edw._n 1._o c._n 1._o the_o secular_o either_o into_o prelate_n and_o clerk_n 9_o edw._n 2._o c._n 3._o 1_o rich._n 2._o c._n 3._o or_o prelate_n and_o clerk_n benefice_v 18_o edw._n 3._o c._n 2._o or_o general_o into_o the_o prelate_n and_o the_o clergy_n 9_o edw._n 2._o c._n 15._o 14_o edw._n 3._o c._n 1_o &_o 3._o 18_o edw._n 3._o 2._o 7._o &_o 25_o edw._n 3._o 2._o 4._o &_o 8_o hen._n 6._o c._n 1._o and_o in_o all_o act_n and_o grant_v of_o subsidy_n make_v by_o the_o clergy_n to_o the_o king_n or_o queen_n of_o england_n since_o the_o 32_o of_o henry_n 8._o when_o the_o clergy_n subsidy_n first_o begin_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o also_o in_o the_o latin_a ideom_o which_o come_v near_a home_n nos_fw-la praelati_fw-la &_o clerus_fw-la in_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o king_n henry_n 8._o waâ—ham_n 8._o regist_n waâ—ham_n and_o in_o the_o sentence_n of_o divorce_n against_o anne_n of_o cleve_n cranmer_n cleve_n regist_n cranmer_n and_o in_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o clergy_n subsidy_n present_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o since_o the_o 27_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o certificate_n per_fw-la since_o per_fw-la statut._n 8_o eliz._n c._n 17._o &_o ever_o since_o praelatâ—s_n &_o clerum_fw-la return_v by_o every_o bishop_n to_o the_o lord_n high_a treasurer_n and_o final_o nos_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o clerus_fw-la cantuariensis_n provinciae_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la synodo_fw-it more_fw-it nostro_fw-la solito_fw-la dum_fw-la regni_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la celebratur_fw-la congregati_fw-la 8._o congregati_fw-la stat._n 1_o phil._n &_o mar._n c._n 8._o in_o the_o petition_n to_o k._n k._n philip_n and_o mary_n about_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o abbey_n land_n to_o the_o patentee_n so_o that_o though_o many_o statute_n have_v be_v make_v in_o these_o late_a time_n excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la the_o clergy_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o inferior_a clergy_n be_v quite_o shut_v out_o and_o utter_o exclude_v from_o those_o public_a counsel_n yet_o this_o prove_v nothing_o to_o the_o point_n that_o avy_z act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v count_v good_a to_o which_o the_o bishop_n be_v not_o call_v or_o at_o the_o make_n of_o which_o act_n they_o either_o be_v shut_v out_o by_o force_n or_o exclude_v by_o cunning_a as_o for_o kilbancies_n book_n which_o that_o author_n speak_v of_o 38._o of_o prerâ—g_v &_o pract_n of_o paâ—l_n p._n 38._o in_o which_o the_o justice_n be_v make_v to_o say_v 7_o h._n 8._o that_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n may_v well_o hold_v his_o parliament_n by_o he_o and_o his_o temporal_a lord_n and_o by_o the_o commons_o also_o without_o the_o spiritual_a lord_n for_o that_o the_o spiritual_a lord_n have_v not_o any_o place_n in_o the_o parliament_n chamber_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o spiritualty_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o temporal_a possession_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v only_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o private_a man_n of_o no_o authority_n or_o credit_n in_o the_o common_a wealth_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o practice_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n in_o which_o the_o bishop_n sit_v in_o parliament_n as_o spiritual_a person_n not_o as_o baron_n the_o reason_n for_o aught_o i_o can_v see_v will_v serve_v as_o well_o to_o pretermit_v all_o or_o any_o of_o the_o temporal_a lord_n as_o it_o can_v serve_v to_o pretermit_v or_o exclude_v the_o bishop_n the_o temporal_a lord_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n on_o no_o other_o ground_n than_o for_o the_o temporal_a possession_n which_o they_o hold_v by_o barony_n 9_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o my_o second_o answer_n to_o the_o argument_n of_o excluso_fw-la clero_fw-la suppose_v that_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n have_v some_o place_n in_o parliament_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v make_v the_o answer_v void_a i_o shall_v crave_v leave_n to_o offer_v some_o few_o observation_n unto_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o sober_a and_o impartial_a reader_n by_o which_o i_o hope_v to_o make_v that_o supposition_n probable_a and_o perhaps_o demonstrative_a first_o then_o we_o have_v that_o famous_a parliament_n call_v it_o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la or_o concilium_fw-la common_a or_o by_o what_o other_o name_n soever_o the_o old_a writer_n call_v it_o summon_v by_o king_n ethelbert_n anno_fw-la 605._o which_v my_o spelm._n my_o council_n hen._n spelm._n author_n call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_n where_o clerus_fw-la comprehend_v the_o body_n of_o the_o clergy_n general_o aswell_o the_o presbyter_n as_o the_o bishop_n as_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la do_v the_o lay-subject_n general_o as_o well_o lord_n as_o commons_o or_o else_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o one_o of_o the_o two_o must_v be_v needs_o leave_v out_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n we_o be_v to_o understand_v these_o word_n in_o the_o latter_a time_n as_o where_o we_o read_v that_o clerus_fw-la 1._o clerus_fw-la matth._n paris_n in_o hen._n 1._o angliae_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la vniversus_fw-la be_v summon_v to_o appear_v at_o westminster_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o where_o divers_a law_n be_v make_v and_o declare_v subscribe_v by_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o of_o the_o principal_a person_n that_o be_v there_o assemble_v that_o clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la
it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o in_o the_o present_a time_n the_o equity_n and_o justice_n of_o it_o be_v still_o the_o same_o and_o the_o same_o reason_n for_o it_o now_o as_o forcible_a as_o they_o can_v be_v then_o have_v it_o be_v otherwise_o resolve_v of_o in_o the_o former_a age_n wherein_o the_o clergy_n be_v so_o prevalent_a in_o all_o public_a counsel_n how_o easy_a a_o matter_n have_v it_o be_v for_o they_o either_o by_o join_v with_o the_o nobility_n to_o exclude_v the_o commons_o or_o by_o join_v with_o the_o commonalty_n to_o exclude_v the_o noble_n or_o have_v too_o much_o conscience_n to_o adventure_v on_o so_o great_a a_o change_n a_o alteration_n so_o incompatible_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o parliament_n how_o easy_o may_v they_o have_v suppress_v the_o potency_n and_o impaird_v the_o privilege_n of_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o by_o work_v on_o the_o humour_n or_o affection_n of_o the_o one_o to_o keep_v down_o the_o other_o but_o these_o be_v art_n not_o know_v in_o the_o former_a day_n nor_o have_v be_v think_v of_o in_o these_o last_o but_o by_o man_n of_o ruin_n who_o be_v resolve_v to_o change_v the_o government_n as_o the_o event_n do_v show_v too_o clear_o both_o of_o church_n and_o state_n nor_o do_v it_o help_v the_o matter_n in_o the_o least_o degree_n to_o say_v that_o the_o exclusion_n of_o the_o bishop_n from_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n be_v not_o do_v mere_o by_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o two_o other_o estate_n but_o by_o the_o asseâ—t_n of_o the_o king_n of_o who_o the_o law_n say_v he_o can_v do_v no_o wrong_n and_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n whereof_o our_o law_n yet_o say_v quae_fw-la â—ul_fw-la doit_fw-fr imaginer_n choose_v dishonourable_a commentar_n dishonourable_a plowden_n in_o commentar_n that_o no_o man_n be_v to_o think_v dishonourable_o for_o we_o know_v well_o in_o what_o condition_n the_o king_n be_v when_o he_o pass_v that_o act_n to_o what_o extremity_n he_o be_v reduce_v on_o what_o term_n he_o stand_v how_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v from_o his_o city_n of_o london_n to_o part_v with_o his_o dear_a wife_n and_o child_n and_o in_o a_o word_n so_o overpowr_v by_o the_o prevail_a party_n in_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n that_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a for_o he_o as_o his_o case_n then_o be_v to_o deny_v they_o any_o thing_n and_o for_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o undue_o gain_v beside_o that_o the_o bill_n have_v be_v reject_v when_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v unto_o the_o lord_n and_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v fright_v out_o of_o the_o house_n when_o contrary_a unto_o the_o course_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v bring_v again_o it_o be_v a_o point_n resolve_v both_o in_o law_n and_o reason_n that_o the_o parliament_n can_v do_v nothing_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o itself_o and_o that_o such_o act_n as_o be_v extort_a from_o the_o king_n be_v not_o good_a and_o valid_a whereof_o we_o have_v a_o fair_a example_n in_o the_o book_n of_o statuer_n 3._o statuer_n 15_o ed._n 3._o for_o whereas_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v certain_a article_n pretend_v to_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o statute_n express_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o his_o own_o prerogative_n and_o right_n royal_a mark_v it_o for_o this_o be_v just_a the_o case_n which_o he_o have_v yield_v to_o eschew_v the_o danger_n which_o by_o deny_v of_o the_o same_o be_v like_a to_o follow_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n it_o be_v repeal_v in_o these_o follow_a word_n it_o seem_v good_a io_o the_o say_a earl_n baron_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n that_o since_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o proceed_v of_o our_o free_a will_n the_o same_o be_v void_a and_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o name_n nor_o strength_n of_o a_o statute_n and_o therefore_o by_o their_o counsel_n and_o assent_n we_o have_v decree_v the_o say_a statute_n to_o be_v void_a etc._n etc._n or_o if_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v repeal_v in_o a_o formal_a manner_n yet_o be_v this_o act_n however_o get_v void_a in_o effect_n already_o by_o a_o former_a statute_n in_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v in_o full_a parliament_n and_o at_o the_o self_n same_o place_n where_o this_o act_n be_v gain_v that_o the_o great_a charter_n by_o which_o and_o many_o other_o title_n the_o bishop_n hold_v their_o place_n in_o parliament_n shall_v be_v keep_v in_o all_o point_n and_o if_o any_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v hold_v for_o none_o 1._o none_o 42_o ed._n 3._o c._n 1._o chap._n vi_o that_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o every_o kingdom_n whereof_o calvin_n speak_v have_v no_o authority_n either_o to_o regulate_v the_o power_n or_o control_v the_o action_n of_o the_o sovereign_a prince_n i._n the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n of_o england_n not_o the_o king_n make_v the_o three_o estate_n and_o of_o the_o dangerous_a consequence_n which_o may_v follow_v on_o the_o contrary_a tenet_n ii_o the_o different_a influence_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n upon_o conditional_a prince_n and_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n iii_o the_o sanhedrim_n of_o no_o authority_n over_o the_o person_n or_o the_o action_n of_o the_o king_n of_o judah_n iu_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o france_n of_o 〈◊〉_d small_a authority_n over_o the_o action_n of_o that_o king_n v._n the_o king_n of_o spain_n not_o overrule_v or_o regulate_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n vi_o of_o what_o authority_n they_o have_v be_v ancient_o in_o the_o parliament_n of_o scotland_n vii_o the_o king_n of_o england_n always_o account_v heretofore_o for_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n viii_o 〈◊〉_d part_n of_o sovereignty_n invest_v legal_o in_o the_o english_a parliament_n ix_o the_o three_o estate_n assemble_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n subordinate_a unto_o the_o king_n not_o coordinate_a with_o he_o x._o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o parliament_n be_v proper_o and_o legal_o in_o the_o king_n alone_o xi_o in_o what_o particular_n the_o power_n of_o the_o english_a parliament_n do_v consist_v especial_o xii_o the_o king_n of_o england_n ordinary_o over-rule_v their_o parliament_n by_o themselves_o their_o counsel_n and_o their_o judge_n xiii_o objection_n answer_v touch_v the_o power_n and_o practice_n of_o some_o former_a parliament_n and_o the_o testimony_n give_v unto_o they_o fourteen_o no_o such_o authority_n give_v by_o god_n in_o holy_a scripture_n to_o any_o such_o popular_a magistrate_n as_o calvin_n dream_v of_o and_o pretend_v xv._o the_o application_n and_o conclusion_n of_o the_o whole_a discourse_n i_o have_v be_v purposely_o more_o copious_a in_o the_o former_a chapter_n because_o i_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o declare_v and_o manifest_v who_o make_v the_o three_o estate_n in_o each_o several_a kingdom_n which_o be_v pretend_v by_o our_o author_n to_o have_v such_o power_n of_o regulate_v the_o authority_n and_o censure_v the_o action_n and_o the_o person_n of_o their_o sovereign_a prince_n and_o this_o the_o rather_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v think_v of_o late_a and_o more_o than_o think_v present_v to_o the_o world_n in_o some_o public_a writing_n especial_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o make_v the_o three_o estate_n which_o bring_v the_o king_n into_o a_o equal_a rank_n with_o the_o other_o two_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o business_n and_o affair_n of_o parliament_n a_o fancy_n by_o what_o accident_n soever_o it_o be_v broach_v and_o publish_v which_o have_v no_o consistence_n either_o with_o truth_n or_o ordinary_a observation_n or_o with_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o of_o any_o other_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o my_o position_n that_o the_o king_n be_v none_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n as_o be_v now_o pretend_a if_o all_o proof_n else_o shall_v fail_v i_o have_v one_o from_o calvin_n who_o judgement_n in_o this_o point_n among_o many_o of_o we_o will_v be_v instar_fw-la omnium_fw-la for_o where_o he_o say_v in_o singulis_fw-la regnis_fw-la tres_fw-la esse_fw-la ordines_fw-la ult_n ordines_fw-la calvin_n instâ—t_n 4._o cap._n ult_n that_o there_o be_v three_o estate_n in_o each_o several_a kingdom_n and_o that_o these_o three_o estate_n convene_v in_o parliament_n or_o by_o what_o other_o name_n soever_o they_o call_v their_o meeting_n be_v furnish_v with_o a_o power_n regum_fw-la libidinem_fw-la moderandi_fw-la of_o moderate_v the_o licentiousness_n of_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o that_o they_o become_v guilty_a of_o perfidious_a dissimulation_n si_fw-la regibus_fw-la impotenter_fw-la grassantibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o they_o connive_v at_o king_n when_o they_o play_v the_o tyrant_n or_o wanton_o insult_v on_o the_o common-people_n i_o trow_v it_o can_v be_v conceive_v that_o the_o king_n be_v any_o one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n who_o be_v here_o
l._n 1._o c._n 8_o because_o he_o can_v not_o have_v a_o equal_a but_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o authority_n and_o regal_a dignity_n consider_v that_o one_o equal_a have_v no_o power_n to_o command_v a_o other_o now_o lest_o the_o full_a shall_v object_v as_o perhaps_o he_o may_v that_o this_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o king_n out_o of_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n seorsim_fw-la take_v several_o as_o particular_a person_n but_o when_o they_o be_v convene_v in_o parliament_n than_o they_o be_v sovereign_n and_o no_o subject_n first_o he_o must_v know_v that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n all_o of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n before_o remember_v for_o the_o defend_n of_o all_o preeminence_n and_o authority_n unite_v and_o annex_v to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o for_o bear_v faith_n and_o true_a allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n and_o that_o if_o any_o of_o they_o do_v refuse_v this_o oath_n he_o be_v to_o have_v no_o voice_n in_o parliament_n 1._o parliament_n stat._n 5_o eâ—iz_n 1._o 2._o he_o can_v choose_v but_o know_v that_o even_o sedente_fw-la parliamento_fw-la both_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o use_v to_o address_v themselves_o to_o his_o sacred_a majesty_n in_o the_o way_n of_o supplication_n and_o petition_n and_o certain_o it_o be_v not_o the_o course_n for_o man_n of_o equal_a rank_n to_o send_v petition_n unto_o one_o another_o and_o that_o in_o those_o petition_n they_o do_v style_v themselves_o his_o majesty_n most_o humble_a and_o obedient_a subject_n which_o be_v not_o only_o use_v as_o the_o common_a compliment_n which_o the_o hypocrisy_n of_o these_o time_n have_v take_v up_o though_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v no_o otherwise_o mean_v in_o some_o late_a address_n but_o be_v the_o very_a phrase_n in_o some_o act_n of_o parliament_n etc._n parliament_n â—25_n hen._n 8._o c._n 22._o etc._n etc._n as_o in_o the_o act_n at_o large_a do_v at_o full_a appear_v 3._o they_o may_v be_v please_v to_o know_v how_o happy_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v for_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o this_o fuller_n do_v not_o live_v in_o former_a time_n for_o have_v he_o broach_v this_o doctrine_n some_o age_n since_o he_o will_v have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o parliament_n prince_n be_v very_o jealous_a of_o the_o small_a point_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o love_n to_o reign_v alone_o without_o any_o rival_n their_o soul_n be_v equal_o make_v up_o of_o pompey_n and_o caesar_n and_o can_v as_o little_o break_v a_o equul_n as_o endure_v a_o superior_a and_o last_o i_o must_v let_v he_o know_v what_o bodinus_fw-la say_v who_o tell_v we_o this_o legum_n ac_fw-la edictorum_fw-la probatio_fw-la aut_fw-la publicatio_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la vel_fw-la senatu_fw-la fieri_fw-la solet_fw-la non_fw-la arguit_fw-la imperii_fw-la majestatem_fw-la in_o senatu_fw-la vel_fw-la curia_fw-la inesse_fw-la 8._o inesse_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o viz._n that_o the_o publish_n and_o approbation_n of_o law_n and_o edict_n which_o be_v make_v ordinary_o in_o the_o court_n or_o parliament_n prove_v not_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o state_n to_o be_v in_o the_o say_a court_n or_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o power_n of_o confirmation_n or_o reject_v be_v of_o a_o great_a trust_n and_o more_o high_a concernment_n than_o that_o of_o consult_v and_o consent_v as_o no_o doubt_n it_o be_v the_o power_n of_o consult_v and_o consent_v which_o the_o fuller_n do_v ascribe_v to_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n will_v give_v they_o but_o a_o sorry_a title_n to_o co-ordinative_a sovereignty_n 10._o this_o lead_v i_o on_o unto_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n which_o as_o before_o i_o say_v be_v proper_o and_o legal_o in_o the_o king_n alone_o tanquam_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la subjecto_fw-la as_o in_o the_o true_a and_o adequate_a subject_n of_o that_o power_n and_o for_o the_o proof_n thereof_o i_o shall_v thus_o proceed_v when_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n first_o come_v in_o as_o he_o win_v the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o sword_n so_o do_v he_o govern_v it_o by_o his_o power_n his_o sword_n be_v then_o the_o sceptre_n and_o his_o will_n the_o law_n there_o be_v no_o need_n on_o his_o part_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n much_o less_o of_o call_v all_o the_o estate_n together_o to_o know_v of_o they_o after_o what_o form_n and_o by_o what_o law_n they_o will_v be_v govern_v it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v of_o he_o as_o in_o the_o flourish_n and_o best_a time_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n c._n emperor_n justin_n institut_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuerit_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la vigorem_fw-la that_o whatsoever_o the_o king_n will_v it_o do_v pass_v for_o law_n this_o king_n and_o some_o of_o his_o successor_n be_v then_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o have_v a_o despotical_a power_n on_o the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o their_o subject_n which_o they_o dispose_v of_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o friend_n and_o follower_n norman_n french_a and_o flemang_v as_o to_o they_o seem_v best_a but_o as_o the_o subject_n find_v the_o yoke_n to_o be_v too_o heavy_a and_o insupportable_a so_o they_o address_v themselves_o in_o their_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n their_o sovereign_n to_o have_v that_o yoke_n make_v easy_a and_o the_o burden_n light_a especial_o in_o such_o particular_n of_o which_o they_o be_v most_o sensible_a at_o the_o present_a time_n by_o this_o mean_n they_o obtain_v first_o to_o have_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n contain_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o great_a charter_n afterward_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o pour_v out_o their_o prayer_n and_o desire_n unto_o they_o do_v they_o obtain_v most_o of_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n which_o be_v now_o remain_v of_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._n and_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o many_o of_o which_o as_o they_o be_v issue_v at_o the_o first_o either_o in_o form_n of_o charter_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n or_o else_o as_o proclamation_n of_o grace_n and_o favour_n so_o do_v they_o carry_v still_o this_o mark_n of_o their_o first_o procure_v the_o king_n will_v the_o king_n command_v the_o king_n ordain_v the_o king_n provide_v the_o king_n grant_v etc._n etc._n and_o when_o the_o king_n be_v please_v to_o call_v their_o estate_n together_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o a_o opinion_n that_o they_o can_v not_o give_v away_o their_o power_n or_o dispense_v their_o favour_n or_o abate_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o severity_n of_o their_o former_a government_n without_o the_o approbation_n and_o consent_n of_o their_o people_n but_o out_o of_o just_a fear_n lest_o any_o one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n i_o mean_v the_o clergy_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o commons_o shall_v insist_v on_o any_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o other_o two_o the_o commons_o be_v always_o on_o the_o crave_v part_n and_o suffer_v as_o much_o perhaps_o from_o their_o immediate_a lord_n as_o from_o their_o king_n may_v possible_o have_v ask_v some_o thing_n which_o be_v as_o much_o derogatory_n to_o the_o lord_n under_o who_o they_o hold_v as_o of_o their_o sovereign_a liege_n the_o king_n the_o chief_a lord_n of_o all_o in_o this_o respect_n the_o counsel_n and_o consent_n as_o well_o of_o the_o prelate_n as_o the_o temporal_a lord_n be_v account_v necessary_a in_o pass_v of_o all_o act_n of_o grace_n and_o favour_n to_o the_o people_n because_o that_o have_v many_o royalty_n and_o large_a immunity_n of_o their_o own_o a_o more_o near_a relation_n to_o the_o person_n and_o a_o great_a interest_n in_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o lord_n the_o king_n nothing_o shall_v pass_v unto_o the_o prejudice_n and_o diminution_n of_o their_o own_o estate_n or_o the_o disable_n of_o the_o king_n to_o support_v his_o sovereignty_n and_o this_o for_o long_a time_n be_v the_o style_n of_o the_o follow_a parliament_n viz._n 3._o viz._n preface_n a_o 1_o ed._n 3._o to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o of_o holy_a church_n and_o to_o the_o redress_n of_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o people_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o his_o realm_n by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o he_o and_o his_o counsel_n in_o the_o parliament_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o great_a man_n assemble_v in_o the_o say_a parliament_n have_v grant_v for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n etc._n etc._n to_o this_o effect_n but_o with_o some_o little_a and_o but_o a_o very_a little_a variation_n of_o the_o word_n be_v the_o usual_a style_n in_o all_o the_o preface_n or_o preamble_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n from_o the_o