when he was in Heaven he would help them by his Praiers And upon this rotten foundation they lay on loads of hay and stubble upon this Popish abuse and mis-construction of the holy Scripture they would build not only the Saints praying for us but also our praying to the Saints the former as being directly grounded upon this Text and the second as a consequent of the former Of their Distinction of the two kinds of Worship Latria and Dulia THat kind of Worship which is proper to God they say See The Bee-hive of the Romish Church ch 7. is fitly expressed by the Greek word λατÏεία The other word δουλεία is taken for all kind of Service both of God and men so that the Religious worship which is called λατÏεία is to be only given to God the other called δουλεια may be attributed to Angels and Saints saith Bellarmine The Papists say they make not Gods of Saints because they worship them with a lower degree of worship than is Latria or the worship proper to God viz. they worship the Saints with Dulia the Virgin Mary with Hypordulia a super-service The learned David Pareus to disprove this distinction between λατÏεία and δουλεία Pareus Dub. 9. in â— 2. ad Rom. hath taken pains to shew the use of these words in the Scriptures first that the worship of God is ofner signified by δυλεια than by λατÏεία The first is found 39 times so used in the Old Testament the other about 30 times as he hath summed and set down the places Secondly he sheweth that the word Latria is given to the Creatures as in ten several places it is found Thou shalt not do 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 any servile work Thirdly the worshipping of Images is forbidden under the term Latria 34 times in the Old Testament and more in the New Rom. 1.23 and 23 times under the other term Dulia There is but one kind of Religious worship and that due unto God and no Religious worship is to be given to any Creature no not that inferiour kind which they make less than the Divine This of the Papists is the same as was that of the Heathen who as Plato witnesseth did worship one God that is Jupiter for the chiefest God the rest they called lesser Gods and worshipped them with a lower degree of worship Of Image-worship 1. THe Papists assert that there is great difference between an Image and an Idol Ἐικων an Image say they is the true similitude of a thing á¼Î¹Î´Ï‰Î»Î¿Î½ doth represent that which is not as were the Idols of Venus Minerva c. But an Idol is that Image which is set up with an intent to be worshipped An Image is a general name as well to unlawful Pictures set up for Idolatry as lawful which have but a civil use 2. They affirm that it is lawful to express the Trinity by Pictures as God like an old man and with the World in his hand Christ as he walked upon the Earth the Holy Ghost in the likeness of a Dove the Angels with Wings and these Pictures say they are very meet and profitable to be set up in Churches 3. That Images are to be reverenced and worshipped say they so it be not with the Divine Honour due unto God 4. They affirm that Images may not only be set up in Churches but that they are no where better placed than there 5. As to the manner of Worship that is to be given to Images Bellarminâ— saith 1. That Images though they are not properly to be worshipped with Divine Honour neither is it safe so to teach in the hearing of the People yet improperly they may have the same worship which properly belongeth to the Saint whose Image it is 2. There is a Religious Worship properly due unto Images as they are considered in themselves and not only as they represent another thing After Images crept into the Church the Clergy receivâ—d great profit thereby for the advancemâ—nt of this new Doctrine new Saints were canonized new Holy-days appointed new Prayers and Services devised new Chappels erected and consecrated Pope Leo the fourth appointed sundry Holy days 6. Touching making of Images Image-makers before they made an Image were wont to go to the Priest and shrive themselves as clean as if they should then die and take penance and make some Vow of Fasting or Praying or Pilgrimage praying also to the Priest to pray for him that he might have Grace to make a fair and devout Image In the Pontifical the peculiar form of consecrating Images and Crosses doth shew the same They paint the Image of our Lady all in Gold Silver broidered Hair c. 7. Order was also taken how Images should be consecrated as first with Exorcism of Water and Salt then with Praier afterwards with censing kissing anointing and other Ceremonies When the Rood in Saint Pauls Church was erected Bishop Bonner being in his Robes with his Prebends about him the Rood was laid upon the Pavement Then the Bishop with others sung divers Praiers to the Rood that being done they forthwith anointed the Rood with Oil in divers places after the anointing they crept to the Rood kissed it then they took the said Rood weighed him up and set him in his place All the while this was doing the whole Quire sung Te Deum and they rung the Bells Of the Image of the Cross THe Papists say that the Wood of the Cross both the whole and every piece thereof is worthy of great Worship and Reverence They give Divine Worship to it they pray and burn Incense it is visited in Pilgrimages and honoured with Festival days as Inventio Crucis on May 3. and Exaltatio Crucis on Septemb. 14. In the Adoration of the Image of the Cross the errour is palpable for in the Roman Church upon Passion-Sunday they speak thus to the Image of the Wood of the Cross Crux ave spes unica c. I salute thee O Cross our only hope in this time of the Passion encrease righteousness to the Godly and give pardon to the Guilty thou hast been alone worthy to bear the price of the world And a little after Thou faithful Cross the only noble among Trees And in another Hymn Thou blessed Cross out of whose arms the price of the world did hang. Can any without great impiety speak unto Wood and call it our hope and ask of it encrease of Grace and remission of sins In the Missal of Sarum no less solemnity is used in carrying of the Cross than if Christ himself were present there is such curtfying kneeling kissing attendance of Priests bowing of the whole Quire until the chiefest Clerks proceed barefoot to the Adoration Then it is carried through the midst of the Quire and with great reverence laid upon the high Altar Then they sing Hymns and Praises unto it and adore it Crucem tuam adorâ—mus Domine thy Cross O Lord do we adore c. There were so many pieces of
Priest and when the people do communicate the Wine they have not 21. Remember O Lord the Souls of thy Servants which rest in the sleep of peace and grant them a place of refreshing and rest Here they pray for the dead and the Praier also is contrary to it self for first he saith they rest in peace and yet afterward praieth for their refreshing Thus beginneth the fifth Praier of the Canon 22. Deliver us by the blessed intercession of the Virgin What then is become of Christs Mediation and Intercession who ever liveth to make Intercession for us Hebr. 7.25 23. Let this mingling together of the Body and Blood of the Lord Jesus Christ be unto me salvation of Mind and Body Then is not Christs Blood shed upon the Cross the full sufficient and perfect Salvation of Mankind if there be another Salvation beside And if it be the very Body and Blood of Christ how can they be mingled together seeing the very Body and Blood of Christ cannot be divided 24. Grant me so worthily to take this Body and Blood that I may merit to receive forgiveness of sins O sinful man how canst thou merit to receive that which is Christs only gift 27. Let the Priest bow himself to the Host saying I worship thee I glorifie thee I praise thee What monstrous Idolatry is this thus to worship a piece of Bread 28. Let us worship the sign of the Cross What I pray you will not these Idolaters worship 29. Respect not my sins but the Faith of the Church By this reason one may be profited by anothers Faith which is contrary to the Scripture The just shall live by his Faith by his own and not anothers Rom. 1.17 I shall pass by diverse other Errours and come to the last 30. In the end of the Mass according to the use of Sarum there is annexed the from of blessing or consecrating the Paschal Lamb with this Praier Vouchsafe to sanctifie this Paschal Lamb that as many of thy people as do cat thereof may be replenished with all heavenly Benediction c. What gross Superstition is this that they should still retain the use of the Paschal Lamb which cannot be but to the great derogation of the true Paschal Lamb Christ Jesus that the Body being come the shadow should be still retained Other Errours in the manner of celebrating Mass 1. ALl is done and said in the Latin tongue not understood of the people and often not of the Priest himself which is not to edification 2. They use many irksome tedious and frivolous repetitions of the same words as Benedicamus Domino is sung ten several times together and Ite missa est is sung thirteen several times with long and tedious notes 3. The Priest is charged in the Rubrick to say divers Praiers privatim secretly to himself as that Praier Deliver us from all evil past present and to come c. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lamb of God that takest away â—he sins of the world These and many other words must be pronounced secretly to himself contrary to Saint Paul who would have Praiers so said that they may be understood and thereunto Amen answered by the people 1 Cor. 14.16 4. The Priest is taught by the Rubeick to make thirty several Crosses at the least upon the Bread the Cup the Altar his Forehead but no such crossing is to be found in Christs Institution which they profess to follow 5. Their Gesture in saying of Mass is so changeable so ridiculous so affected that a man would think a Plaier were coming forth upon the Stage when the Priest addresseth himself to the Mass nay Rossius was not so full of action as the Massing-Priest is of gesture varying and changing it at least forty or fifty times during the celebration of the Mass Their Errours concerning the Church 5. THey assert that the Catholick Church is always visible Canis c. de fide symb art 18. and not seen only unto the members of the Church but notoriously known to the whole world neither do they mean any particular Church so to have been visible but the universal Catholick Church which they define to be a visible Congregation of all faithful men 2. Bellarm. lib. 3. de Eccles That the Catholick Church is no other than the Roman or that which the Roman Pope is over Bellarmine defining the Church makes this one part of the definition to be subject unto the Bishop of Romes Jurisdiction and therefore they conclude that they are out of the Church and no better than Hereticks that do not acknowledg the Pope to be their chief Pastor So they make the Roman Faith and Catholick to be all one 3. That the Catholick Church cannot possibly err not only in matters absolutely necessary to Salvation but not in any thing which it imposeth or commandeth whether it be contained in the Word of God or not yea that it cannot err in those things which beside the Word of God are commanded But because the Papists endeavour to invest the Popes and the Roman Church with an infallible Perfection Dr. Du Moulins Auswer to Card. Perron for King James it will be expedient to shew by invincible proofs that the Roman Church hath erred and doth err I shall therefore only produce the Errours approved by their Popes and Councils as the learned Doctor Du Moulin in his answer to Cardinal Du Perron hath set them down In the year of our Lord 787 a Council was assembled which the Roman Church approveth and reckoneth among the universal Councils there sate the Legates of Pope Adrian who wrote a Book purposely for the defence of that Council 1. In the seventh action that Council commandeth the Adoration of Images upon pain of Anathema in these words We hold that the Images of the glorious Angels and of all Saints must be adored and saluted but as for him that hath not the will so to do but staggereth and is doubtful about the adoration of the venerable Images this holy and venerable Synod doth anathematize him In the fourth Action of the same Synod these words are found Images are of equal worth with the Gospels and the venerable Cross And in the same place the Image is greater than the Word and the Praier In the fifth Action the Council declareth that Angels are corporal that there may be a ground for making Images of Angels The same Council to prove the Adoration of Images corrupteth the Scripture in diverse places In the year 869. a Council was held at Constantinople which our Adversaries call the eighth General Council The third Canon of that Council is in these words We decree that the sacred Image of Jesus Christ be adored with the same honour as the Book of the holy Gospels and the Figure of the precious Cross In the year of our Lord 1059. Pope Nicholas the second assembled a Council against Berengarius where it was declared that the Bread and Wine which is put upon the
and sanctifieth and purgeth them that are defiled and multiplieth such Goods as we have need of and turneth away all the deceits of the Devil and defendeth men from all wicked fancies Are not the Scriptures here well applied doth not this Ceremony turn Christ out of Office with all his works and merits Gulielmus Durandus saith that the holy Water hath deserved to have of God so great vertue that as outwardly it washeth the Body from filthiness so it inwardly cleanseth the Soul from sin O intolerable blasphemy When men sprinkle themselves with this Water in the Church-Porch before they enter into the Church they are taught and commanded to say Aqua benedicta sit mihi salus vita c. let the blessed Water be unto me health and life grant me O Lord by this creature of the sprinkling of Water health of mind wholeness of body defence of health safeguard of hope strengthening of faith now and in time to come Of Pilgrimages 1. THe Papists hold that Pilgrimages made to Rome and to Jerusalem and the holy Land as they call it and to the memories of the Saints in other places to ask and obtain their help are godly and religious and to be much used of Christians 2. Large Indulgences were promised to Pilgrims especially to visit St. Peter and St. Paul the Apostles Pope Anacletus excommunicated cursed and pronounced all such guilty of Sacriledg as should hinder any man to go on Pilgrimage or to visit the Sepulchres of Saints Pope Calixtus ordained that whosoever spoileth robbeth or hurteth any such as go in pilgrimage to Rome or to any other holy places of Saints the same should be excommunicated and accursed 3. â—reg â—â—â—â—en Some desired to worship in that place where Christs feet had walked Some superstitiously attributed more sanctity to that place than to any other Gregory Nyssen hath a whole oration of this matter against those who go in pilgrimage to Jerusalem This going in pilgrimage is in a manner to deny the coming of Christ for if Christ be come there is no more difference in regard of holiness between one ground and another Whether it were then or not now I am sure it is a fond superstition for any to ask as Naaman the Syrian did for two burthens of earth out of that Country as more holy than any other dust 2 Reg. 5.17 Such idle vagaries do the Papists make to some other special places where perhaps the Devil hath obtained leave to work some jugling feats and lying miracles Then presently the Saint his name is up and well is he that can spare time and money for a visitation of a sensless stock Yea many a Saint as good as he or she shall be passed by with little more than a good morrow while the heat of their blind devotion carrieth them on to this selected one Yea now and then the same Saint shall have little courtesie at their hands if they meet any where but at his Manner-house as it were Saint James at Compostella is taken for a better man than when they find him other where Such brutish follies the Holy Ghost himself disdaineth with an heavenly scorn as appeareth by Elijahs mocking of Baals Priests and Isaiahs character of the blind Idolater The Writer of the History of the Holy War tells us Fuller Suppl of the Hist of thâ— Holy War that besides those that went many were either driven or fled to the Holy Land Those were driven who having committed some horrible sin in Europe had this penance imposed on them to travel to Jerusalem to expiate their faults Many a Whore was sent thither to find her Virginity many a Murtherer was enjoyned to fight in the Holy War to wash off the guilt of Christian blood by shedding the blood of Turks The like was in all other offences Now God forbid saith my Author we should condemn them if truly penitents for impious But we find that many of them reverted to their former wickedness Others fled thither who having supererogated the Gallows in their own Countries by their several misdemeanours to avoid the stroke of Justice protected themselves under this voyage and coming to Palestine so profited in those Eastern Schools of Vices that they learned to be more artificially wicked Thus He. Of the Agreement between Paganism and Popery NOw let me shew how the Papists in their Religion have borrowed many things from the Pagans I will here insert them as I find them in the Writings of divers Learned Men. I. The Heathen had their Pilgrimages The Heathen were wont to go on Pilgrimage to such an Idol So do the Papists they go many of them on Pilgrimage to our Lady of Lauretto to St. Michael to St. James to visit the Holy Sepulchre and the Holy Hand-kerchief which is a Relique in Rome wherein they say the Picture of Christ's Face is after it was wiped therewith But concerning Pilgrimages I have spoken in the former Section II. The Heathen made great Feasts and kept a great number of solemn Holy Dayes in honour of their Idols And have not the Papists brought in many Holy Dayes instead of the solemn Feasts of the Heathen Calvin speaking against this Superstition Calvin Serm in Dâ—ut 12. in one of his Sermons upon Deuteronomy saith men will say we must not now do as the Heathens did for that were a serving of the Devil But every Parish will have a Church-Holy-day to Play to Dance and to feed in till they burst again and all in the Honour of God Besides this every one had his Patron whom he worshipped and said they these things are not done any more in Honour of the Idols but in Honour of St. Martin And let them Dance and play the Drunkards all is well enough so it be done in Honour of God and his Saints 1. Twelftide was an Imitation of the Saturnales in which the Servants were Masters And the Lord of Misrule in Christmas is also a trace of the Saturnales at that time of the Year 2. Ashwednesday falls much upon the same time as the Day of Purifications and Propitiations for the Dead in the Pagan Rome which was upon the Eighteenth of February 3. As for Candlemas Rhenanus acknowledgeth that Candlemas is an imitation of the Februal Ceremonies of the Romans and the Insolencies of Shrovetide came from the Bacchanales 4. The Rogations and Processions about the field of Corn have succeeded to the Processions called Ambarvalia 5. The Heathens were wont to keep an Holy-day which they called the Feast of all Spirits And the Papists change the word and have the Feast of All-Souls III. The Heathens had a Temple which they called the Temple of all their gods The Papists call such a Temple the Church of All-hallowes the Church of All-Saints and they added a Church Holy-Day unto it IV. The Heathen had their Sacrifices to their gods And the Papists have their Masses set up in the room of them The Pagans had