that the King was well rewarded for his lenity and sparing of blood which was at this place plenteously drawn from his own Army Of which of men of note were slain fewer than in any Battel whatsoever there being reckoned but three Colonel Sir William St. Leger Lieutenant-Colonel Topping and Lieutenant-Colonel Leak There were wounded Sir Iohn Greenvile the General the Earl of Brainford in the head and Sir Richard Campfield Colonel of the Queens Regiment of Horse of Common Souldiers a greater quantity than of the Parliaments neer three thousand But of their side not any person of note above a Captain and some five and twenty hundred killed The Earl of Essex had indubitably the honour as he had the pillage of the Field on which he lay all that night and having buried the Dead marched to Besiege Demington-castle where the Kings Artillery was secured by the care of the aforesaid Colonel Boys who intended not to part with them at any Rates though encompassed with so great and powerful an Army which after three several Summons three several days together assaulted it The King having marched his Army through Oxford on the thirtieth of the same month on the sixth of October Rendezvouzed them on Burlington-Green within a Mile Eastward of Oxford and so marched by Dorchester to Wallingford and forward for the relief of Dennington-castle which yet stifly defended it self Upon his approach and some resolute attempts upon their out-Guards over-night which passed with sundry Skirmishes the Enemy drew off next day and departed although they were two for one Hereabout and in this matter appears the first dissatisfaction of the Parliament as to the good management of their Arms the Earl of Essex being now suspected as careless or discontent And therefore they fell to debate concerning the Army in the House For Colonel Norton had writ a Letter to them that he had received a Warrant from a chief Commander in the Army to withdraw from Basing which was a thing to him unexpected but yet he obeyed and besides the commands of the Committee of both Kingdoms to the Army were lately much neglected and complained of This debate flew so high as it came to this question How chance the Parliament-forces permitted the Enemy to relieve Dennington-castle when they were two for one and why the Town of Newbery was quitted before the Enemy was marched away as the pretence of not fighting was because they would not quit Newbery It seems it was first resolved by the Council of State that Essex his Forces should not quit Newbery or draw out into the Field lest the King should take it for Winter-quarters but when the King should retreat from the relief of Dennington to fall upon his Rear But no such matter was prosecuted for the King possest himself of that Town as a good covert and quarter for his Army while the Parliaments Forces lay in the open Fields who being by the Kings approach to them at Hungerford and one thousand Horse sent under the same Colonel Gage from thence hastily dislodged also from the Siege of Basing where Manchester and his whole Army had shewed themselves onely departed to their Winter-quarters in Reading Henly Abington and Farnham and the King 's to Basing Odiam Newbery Blewbury and Marlborough Whilst they thus are lodged in their quarters there will be respite to look upon the Counsels and debates of the Parliament and the consultations of the King and the debates likewise in his Court and Parliament at Oxford And first the Earl of Manchester made his relation concerning the management of the business at Dennington-castle of great length in Writing which was in the nature of a Charge against his Lieutenant-General Cromwel who had fought so Fortunately for the Parliament He thereupon made answer to several particulars therein mentioned and pleaded first point of Priviledge because of the transmitting of that business from the Lords before any Charge was brought into the House of Commons This private Quarrel was presently quashed but the Publike disgusts were not so soon laid For the Independent Faction began now to appear and to be powerful in the House of Commons so that a suspicion was raised and somented by them that the Earl of Essex was more Royal than the Parliament ever intended when they gave him his Commission Upon this pretence and after several discourses it came at last to a debate wherein it was resolved to new model their Army and so by degrees to quit themselves of their General and to bethink of a new one that should not be of that dangerous greatness and honour who might not well be disputed with but to chuse one of a middle Estate betwixt the Peers and the People and so to be at last rid of all the Lords which afterwards they brought to pass To this end they began with a subtle Order That no Member of either House shall during this War enjoy and execute any Office or Command military or civil which hath been granted or conferred on any Member of either House or by any Authority derived from either House The Reasons published for this Order were these fine ones That all Commissions to Parliament-men being void the new modeling the Army may be carried on with the less exception when all are concerned alike That Military differences among the great Commanders being Parliament-men which might retard the work will hereby cease Those that shall be new elected Officers being of lesser quality and sooner subject to question and punishment and the Army also maintained at a lesser charge Forty days were limited from this Order by which all such Commissions and Commands were in the Army declared void with a resolution nevertheless expressed to pay off their Arrears which was meanly performed and at the same rate that the Earl of Essex had the Ten thousand pounds a year assigned him for the good service he had done the State out of the Lands of the Lord Capel whose Heirs now have his Honour and other Delinquents punctually paid him This Ordinance for new modelling the Army met notwithstanding with great opposition and as much after it was received into the House of alteration The Lords being instructed to soresee the evil consequences nor would they plenarily consent before the old trick of Petitions from City and Country compelled them to pass it The Title whereof was An Ordinance for the raising and maintaining of Forces for the defence of the Kingdom under the comand of Sir Thomas Fairfax He thereupon is sent for and privately comes out of the North and on the nineteenth of February was brought by four Members into the House of Commons where a Chair was set and he desired to sit therein the Speaker telling him of the great confidence and trust the Kingdom had put upon him in the Command of this Army from a sence of his Valour and Fidelity for the defence of the Laws and
hitherto been or how small his hopes considering the high strain of those who deal with his Majesty yet he will not want Fatherly Bowels to his Subjects nor will he forget that God hath appointed him for their King with whom he treats At His Court at Oxford January 17. 1645. This was well resented by the House of Peers but the averse Commons would hear them no more at their Conference than the Kings Messages wherefore the King plies them again with a large Message wherein he shows tha reasonableness and necessity of his desires for a Treaty His Majesty being resolved not to desist though his discouragements be never so many and great from his endeavours after Peace till he see it altogether impossible thinks fit to make this Answer to the Objections of his two Houses in their Answer of the thirteenth instant against his coming to Westminster expecting still a Reply to his Messages of the fifteenth and the seventeenth which he hopes by this time have begotten better thoughts and resolutions in the Members of both Houses And first as to the innocent blood spilt he will not dispute who was the Author of it but rather presseth there should be no more it being no Argument to say There shall be no such Personal Treaty because there have been Wars it being a strong inducement to have such a Treaty to put an end to them As to the next Objection of the assistance he had from some of his Irish Subjects he saith they are Protestants who were formerly sâ—nt thither by the two Houses and impossibilitated to stay there longer by the neglect of those who sent them thither who should have better provided for them And that for Forraign Forces their Armies have swarmed with them when his Majesty had few or none Thirdly to the Princes heading an Army in the West that there are divers Garrisons yet standing for him and Forces likewise in Scotland it must be as much confessed that as yet there is no Peace and therefore is this Treaty required But his Majesty desires it may be remembred how long since he hath pressed the disbanding of all Forces the refusing whereof hath been the Cause of this Objection As to the time of fourty days limited for the Treaty whereupon they infer that he would again return to Hâ—stility his Majesty protesteth the sincerity of those resolutions he bringeth with him for Peace which if they meet with the like inclinations from them will end all these unhappy bloody differences To his requiring those engagements of the City c. for his security whosoever will call to mind the particular occasions that enforced his Majesty to leave his Cities of London and Westminster they will not think his demands unreasonable But he no way conceiveth how the Lord Mayor Aldermen Common Council and Militia of London were either subject or subordinate to their Authority there being neither Law nor practice for it and so not to be parallel'd That the breach of priviledge they mention is more likely to be infringed by hindering his Majesty from this Treaty As for Scotland and their Religion and securing the peace his Majesty conceives it was included in his former Messages particularly that of the fifteenth but his sincere meaning and endeavours are after it as he new expresseth himself for their better satisfaction Lastly he saith that there is but two ways of finally ending these distractions either by Treaty or Conquest The latter of which his Majesty hopes none will have either the impudence or impiety to wish for and for the former no better Expedient can be in the managing thereof than by his Personal assistance in it before which no Propositions can be effectual which will remove all unnecessary delays and make the greatest difficulties easie Wherefore his Majesty who is most concerned in the good of his people doth again desire a speedy Answer Amidst these importunities the King was not less sollicitous and instant at the High Court of Heaven having commanded a general Fast in Oxford upon Fryday weekly according to the laudable example of the Primitive Christians in which devotions another unhappy Cavil was raised against him by the intercepting or discovering of his Commission to the Earl of Glamorgan the Marquess of Worcester's Son impowering him to treat with the Irish for which he was afterwards impeached by the Lord Digby charged on suspicion of high Treason and imprisoned for a while but soon after set at liberty as having concluded a Peace against the Honour and Dignity of his Majesty and to his great scandal with his English Subjects of which said Transactions to wipe off the imputation laid on him thereby he gives this account to his two Houses And the words of this Prince are of such unquâ—stionable credit and veracity that this affair needs no other defencâ— which was this having intermingled therewith and subjoyned his former dâ—sires for a Personal Treaty His Majesty having received infâ—rmation from the Lord-Lieutenant and Council in Ireland that the Earl of Glamorgan hath without his or their directions or privity entred into a Treaty with some Commissioners on the Romane Catholique party there and also agreed unto certain Artiâ—les highly derogatory to his Majesties honour and Royal dignity and prejudicial to the Protestant Religion there whereupon the said Earl is arrested c. hath thought fit to give this relation thereof to shew how contrary it was to his Majesties intention and directions the Earls Commission being onely to raise Forces in that Kingdom and to conduct them into this for his Majesties service and not to treat about any thing else much less about Religion or any propriety belonging to their Church or Laity That what the Earl did there came to his knowledge meerly by accident protesting that until the news of the said Earls restraint he had no notice of any Capitulation with those Rebels so destructive to Church and State and repugnant to his Majesties publique professions That therefore he is so far from considering any of those Articles framed as aforesaid that he doth absolutely disown the said Earl therein having given order to his Lieutenant there the Marquess of Oâ—mond to proceed against the said Earl as one who either out of falseness presumption or folly hath hazarded the blemishing of his Majesties reputation of his own head c. But true it is that for the necessary preservation of his Majesties Protestant Subjects in Ireland whose case was dayly represented unto him to be desperate his Majesty had given a Commission to his Lieutenant to treat and conclude such a Peace there as might be for the safety of that Crown c. And yet if the Houses will admit of a personal Treaty with him at London and will send him a Pass or Safe-Conduct for a Messenger to be sent immediately to Ireland he will dispatch one thither to prevent any accident that may hinder his Majesties Resolution of leaving the Manage of the
the Gallows †Col. Thomas Harrison the Son of a Butcher at Newcastle-under-line in Stafford-shire once Servant to Mr. Hulker an Attorney He betook himself to the Army in the beginning of the Wars and by Preaching and such-like sanctity came to be a Major where his pragmatical spirit cherished by Cromwel preferred him to a Colonel and the custody of the Kings person when taken from the Isle of Wight which he mos◠irreverently abused by no less sawcie behaviour than Treasonable speeches He was afterwards the great Captain of all the Schismatiques especially Fifth-Monarchy-men in whose love and no others he died and was expectedly Executed at Charing-Cross in that expiatory Month of October 1660. †Iohn Carew Brother of Sir Alexander Carew beheaded in 1644. This person was no doubt deluded by the mistaken impulses of Satan for those of the Spirit being a Rank Fifth-monarchist and so pre-disposed against all Government and Authority which he helped to strike at in the death of the King †Iohn Cook the Sollicitor of the High Court whose Plea charitably taken is his best Character that his Crime was not out of Malice but Avarice being a poor man and in a wanting Condition before he undertook this most scelerate piece of Service Better be out of practice than in such as this †Hugh Peters the shame of the Clergy a Pulpit-Buffoon a seditious abominable Fellow Trumpet to this Pageantry of a High Court of Justice the most unparallell'd Ecclesiastick in all Story or Times †Thomas Scot a Brewers Clerk then turned Country-Attorney and by countenance of the Grandees was chosen a recruit for the Borough of Wickham in the County of Buckingham so violent an Enemy of the Kings that he wished for no other Epitaph or Inscription on his Grave than Here lies Thomas Scot one of the King's Iudges but he should first have wished for a Grave †Gregory Clement a Merchant who procured and purchased a place in Parliament by the same means as he did his lustful debaucheries for the notoriety of which his Fellow-villains discarded him their Company He contributed to the destruction of his Sovereign that he might Reign in his own wickedness †Adrian Scroop a Colonel of Horse very active against the Kings Party in 1648. and more diligent against his Life and Honour at this High Court of Justice 'T is sad to think he should be allied to so Honourable a Family and so deserving and Noble a Gentleman of his own name Sir Adrian Scroop Knight of the Bath 13 Caroli 2. †Col. Iohn Iones a Serving-man of a mean fortune till the times which afforded him advantages among the ruined Loyal Welch where he was first a great Committee-man and then a recruit to the Parliament and married one of Cromwels Sisters who had as many Females to bestow as a Cardinal and might therefore be presumed on to make one in this Tragedy †Francis Hacker a Souldier of Fortune of notable Resolution and Conduct the success whereof wrought him into Cromwels familiarity from whence he had not the faculty or power to recede but was charmed into this desperate designe his being the last hand through which it passed to the Scaffold †Daniel Axtel a kind of Country-Mercer in Bedfordshire obeyed the Call as he said of the seditious Pulpits and went forth some small Officer to fight against the Mighty after many Traverses was made Lieutenant-Colonel and employed by Cromwel out of favour to him as the ready way to Greatness to be Captain of the Guard at the Kings Trial where he made his Ianizaries by blows and threats to cry out Iustice and Execution He was guilty of a great deal more but not to be mentioned with this blood in Ireland and had gotten a pretty soul Estate †Col. Okey formerly a Stoker in a Brew-house then a Chandler near Billingsgate but leaving his Trade for his hopes in the War passed through the several Commands to that of a Colonel in a very short space of time He was a daring bold Commander which rendred him open and suitable to Cromwels designes who likewise bewitched him into the Partnership of this accursed Murther †Miles Corbet of a very good Family in Norfolk chosen Burgess for Yarmouth in that County when he had no other advantage but troublesome times to recover himself which he helped forward into the ensuing Calamities Hoc faciunt mores Pontilianae Tui He was one of the Male-content Members of the former Parliament with Sir Iohn Elliot and others and now took the opportunity of wreaking all those old grudges upon the Kings life and to share himself an Estate from several great places in England and Ireland where he was in effect Lord Chancellor †Col. Iohn Berkstead once a sorry Goldsmith in the Strand and having learnt a little City-Souldiery for want of better Commanders was made Captain of a Foot-company under Colonel Ven at Windsor was afterwards Governour of Reading and by his pliantness ingratiated with Oliver who made him one of the Kings Judges afterwards preferred him to the Lieutenancie of the Tower where now his head stands These of the Kings Iudges marked with * are those that died before the Kings Return * Col. Thomas Pride a Brewer to which he ascended from a Dray man by the same steps as from thence he became a Lord he was a resolute ignorant fellow but of very good success and therefore fit to partake with Cromwel and to venture on that prime and hardy work of garbling the Parliament for him That done he deserved any employment from his Master and was put upon this which he discharged with as much brutishness * Col. Isaac Ewer descended of an Antient and Right Honourable Family in Yorkshire but the Patrimony thereof so wasted that this Cadet was forced to be take himself to the wealthier side where he profited alike in Principles He was thought fit because of his Birth to be the Kings Guardian from the Isle of Wight which he performed and afterwards to be his Murtherer His Relacion was chosen one of Olivers Lords of the other House * Thomas Lord Gray of Grooby Son to the Earl of Stamford a Colonel in the Army and so infected By the Honour of his Family he escapes a mention or condemnation for this Crime as well as others * Sir Iohn Danvers Knight Brother to the Earl of Danby a Loyal and Noble Peer Sed scio quis Deus est hunc qui tibi dividit astris The covetousness after his Brothers Estate who was made a Delinquent suckt him in and afterwards swallowed his Name and Honour in this Whirl-pool of confusion and Royal Blood * Sir Thomas Maleverer descended also of a very good Family in Yorkshire but obliged to the kindness of the two last Kings for their Honour which being above his Estate wickedly prompted him for the equalling of it to
Popish and Nuntio Party under General O Neal very much perplex the hopes of these Affairs For this Nuntio Party had Excommunicated the Confederates which consisted of most of the old English Papists and some Irish who wisely foresaw their further obstinacy against the King or the Protestant Interest would finally give them up a prâ—y to the English Usurpation which yet fatally evâ—ned which had made an association by Cromwel's practâ—ses with the said O Neal with Sir Charles-Coot and Colonel Monke then in Arms in Vlâ—ter for the Parliament On the other side the Confederates had Proclaimed the Nuntio party Rebels and Traytors and were making ready to Reduce them by force Their strength and the Lord Inchiqueens with addâ—tions from the Marquess of Clanrickard and the Earl of Castlehaven being now joyned under the Command of the Marquess of Ormond though upon hard restrictions and conditions as it was very difficult for him to divide himself conveniently betwixt those two former opposite Interests the English undâ—r Inchiqueen grudging at the Exercise of the Romish Religion among the Irish and they at the constancy of the Englishes pay and contribution the Lord-Lieutenant had little else to do but onely go in and out before this Army without any power or Authority more than they themselves pleased to allow the source and occasion of all those mischiefs which thereafter followed thick upon these ill associated and misunderstanding parties For the Lord-Lieutenant having drawn down their united Bodies as soon as there was Forrage for his Horse and some advance-money in the beginning of the year 1649. to the reduction of Dublin having in vâ—in Courted Iones the Governour there and Owen O Neal to the Kings Obedience In the very entrance of the Expedition an ominous Rub befel him Inchiqueen's Forces would not march nor the Scotch Vlster Forces then advanced also to the aid of the said Union unanimously submit before the Lord Inchiqueen was Declared Lieutenant-General of the Army to the dissatisfaction of the Marquess of Clanrickard and the Earl of Castlehaven though the former made his merit and Honour presently yield to his Loyalty and the other very patiently for a while absented himself from the marching Army In the time that this was in doing the Lord-Lieutenant was also busied in Treating with and Courting Iones and Owen O Neal unto the Kings Obedience the first of which being as is believed corrupted by Cromwels bribes and large promises positively declined the Lord-Lieutenants favour as appears by their Printed Letters the latter having at last waved all things concerning Religion more than what was granted in the Peace insists finally upon the Command of 6000 Foot and â—00 Horse together with those other conditions that since were granted him The Confederate Commissioners will permit his Excellency to allow him no more but 4000 Foot and 800 Horse which number they obstinately refused to exceed denying him also several other of his lâ—â—sâ—r demands whereupon O Neal seeing them willing to leave him quite out or to have him come in upon such terms as he judged inconsiderable they peradventure thinking themselvs able to do the work without him makes present application unto Monke and Iones either to be revenged upon the Commissioners the Lord Inchiqueen the Scots and all the rest that he conceived to oppose him or else as he afterwards said to make himself more considerable and thereby facilitate his conditions with them Whatsoever his motive was at last Colonel Monke makes an agreement with him in the name of the Parliament though they very wisely by Cromwels advice did afterwards think fit to disclaim it because of its ill aspect and odiousness to the English but acknowledged his faithfulness and well-meaning by a Vote to that purpose upon which score howsoever he assisted them all he could undertaking the Relief of Derry which he afterwards effected and notwithstanding that his Excellency during all this time was very sensible of the great consequence of Owen O Neal's coming in or standing out in order to the service or disservice of the King and that he looked upon the dispute of denying him the Command of 6000 men when they were content to intrust him with 4000 as a strange kinde of oversight in the Commissioners and the rest concurring with them the rather because he knew that by his standing out that accursed quarrel between the Kings and the Nuntios party not unlike that of the Guelphs and Gibbelines in Italy was kept on foot the refractory Clergy were countenanced and upheld in credit with the people and the great Cities were animated to refuse Garrisons to deny the payment of impositions and to disrespect both the Lord-Lieutenant and the Commissioners yet was it not in his power to help it by any means unless he would have broken Conditions with the Confederates which no consideration of any advantage how great soever could induce him to do Other difficulties overcome his Excellency makes directly for Dublin all the Garrisons in his way but Ballisanon by force or fair means surrendring unto him yet is he set forth so slenderly provided with money that neer Kildare the Army is ready to mutiny and fall to pieces for want of a very small sum had not a worthy person that was there but accidentally supplied them in that extremity This streight also being over-past and the Lord Inchiqueen's Forces being come wholly up they hold on for Dublin and compel Iones that was drawn out as far as the Naas with what strength he could make to interrupt them to retire into the Town whither being come at last and finding it competently well fortified and plentifully man'd both with Horse and Foot insomuch that it was judged no ways fit to hazard the Army upon a desperate assault and being not as yet a number able to invest the place especially whilst O Neal and Monke together with the Garrisons of Drogbeda and Trim lay so convenient to attempt upon them it was resolved that the Lord-Lieutenant should with the greatest part of his Army Encamp at Finglasse from thence to awe and distress the Town and be ready to countenance any stirs or revolts within whilst the Lord Inchiqueen with a great Body of Horse and above 2000 Foot endeavours to take in Trim and Drogbeda All this time his Excellency found great wants to encounter with his Provisions and Contributions coming in so slowly and disproportionably to the necessities of his Army and many Factions to compose and temper the Munster and the rest of the English Forces murmuring against the Liberty the Irish had there in the exercise of their Religion and the Irish again repining to see themselves murmured at but more especialy to see the English Munster-Forces though they were fewer in number and had Contributions of their own to swallow up both their Pay and Provisions also which though the rest of the Army did Petition against his Excellency could in no
Conditions some of thâ—se that did being Imprisoned the Court and Camp being sadly affected with this loss The Provost of Edenburgh Sir James Stuart is in Town but keeps private lest the Wives in the streets should abuse him as they did Straughan and Ker at their coming hither the Lord Warreston who came as he pretended for the Records is not yet returned but stays in Town for he cares not to go back He and the rest of that Remonstrant Tribe are Summoned to come to Parliament Colonel Dundass Straughan and Captain Giffan with Abernethy Swinton and Andrews were else to be Excommunicated and Declared Traytors which was done January 14. Mr. James Guthry and the Earl of Lothian and General Holborn were generally suspected with Sir John Chiefly who are every day expected in our Quarters Rutherford and Gillespy are likewise dissenters from the present manage of affairs Ker saith his wound on his right hand is Gods Justice against him for lifting it up against us in such a cause as he maintained And so I will conclude all those Treasonable practices and fomented divisions of that Nation against their common Interest Having first acquainted the Reader with an occurrence of the like nature from the better mannered and necessity-instructed Kirk who yet would fain have been paramount and were most boldly sollicitous with the King to consent to some other Acts mis-becoming the Majesty of a Soveraign and the Honour of His Crown which the King generously and disdainfully refusing there flew such rumours and whispers as if some disloyal and dishonest Counsels were hatching against his Person whereupon the King privately withdrew himself to his Northern Friends and Forces under General Middleton till such time as a right understanding Hostages being given on both sides as to his party and theirs was setled betwixt them which was firmly and absolutely concluded in an unanimous resolve of his immediate Coronation which was solemnly performed on the first of Ianuary in this manner First the Kings Majesty in a Princes Robe was conducted from his Bedchamber by the Constable on his right hand and the Marshal on his left to the Chamber of Presence and there was placed in a Chair under a Cloath of State by the Lord of Angus Chamberlain appointed by the King for that day and there after a little repose the Noblemen with the Commissioners of Barons and Burroughs entred the Hall and presented themselves before His Majesty Thereafter the Lord Chancellor spoke to the King to this purpose Sir your good Subjects desire You may be Crowned as the righteous and Lawful Heir of the Crown of this Kingdom that You would maintain Religion as it is presently professed and established Also that You would be graciously pleased to receive them under Your Highness's Protection to Govern them by the Laws of the Kingdom and to defend them in their Rights and Liberties by Your Royal Power offering themselves in most humble manner to your Majesty with their Vows to bestow Land Life and what else is in their Power for the maintenance of Religion for the safety of Your Majesties sacred Person and maintenance of Your Crown which they intreat Your Majesty to accept and pray Almighty God that for many years You may happily enjoy the same The King made this Answer I do esteem the affections of my good People more than the Crowns of many Kingdoms and shall be ready by Gods assistance to bestow my Life in their defence wishing to live no longer than I may see Religion and this Kingdom flourish in all happiness Thereafter the Commissioners of Borroughs and Barons and the Noblemen accompanied His Majesty to the Kirk of Scoone in order and rank according to their quality two and two The Spurs being carried by the Earl of Eglington Next the Sword by the Earl of Rothes Then the Scepter by the Earl of Crawford and Lindsey And the Crown by the Marquess of Arguile immediately before the King Then came the King with the great Constable on the right hand and the great Marshal on his left his Train being carried by the Lord Ereskine the Lord Montgomery the Lord Newbottle and the Lord Machlelene four Earls Eldest Sons under a Canopy of Crimson-Velvet supported by six Earls Sons to wit the Lord Drummond the Lord Carnegie the Lord Ramsey the Lord Iohnston the Lord Brâ—chin the Lord Yester and the six Carriers supported by six Noblemens Sons Thus the Kings Majesty entred the Kirk The Kirk being fitted and prepared with a Table whereupon the Honours were laid and a Chair set in a fitting place for His Majesty to hear a Sermon over against the Minister and another Chair on the other side where He received the Crown before which there was a Bench decently covered as also for seats about for Noblemen Barons and Burgesses and there being also a Stage in a fit place erected of 24 foot square about four foot high from the ground covered with Carpets with two stairs one from the West another to the East upon which great Stage there was another little Stage erected some two foot high ascending by two steps on which the Throne or Chair of State was set The Kirk thus fittingly prepared the Kings Majesty entred the same accompanied as aforesaid and first set himself in his Chair for hearing of Sermon which was Preached by Mr. Robert Douglas A la mode the Covenant About this time the young Prince of Aurange was Christened at which celebration the States General of Holland of Amsterdam of Delf were his God-fathers and the Queen of Bohemia and the old Princess of Aurange his God-mothers and was named William Frederick Henry But this being over the King intended to march Northward to hasten the said levies by his presence but the Nobility and Gentry of the High-lands promising to effect that affair with all expedition he went no further than Aberdeen having more occasion to continue in the Southern parts to keep the newly re-cemented friendship betwixt both parties entire and from other new Ruptures and to countenance his friends who now were admitted into the chiefest places of Trust and Offices Duke Hamilton being received into the Army Earl of Crawford made Governour of Sterling Middleton Lieutenant-General and other Loyal Scotch Lords in Offices and Commands befitting their quality and to their seats in Parliament which was to set down the 15 of February the King diverting himself in the mean time at his house of Falkland care being taken to secure the Castle of Fife from any Invasion two attempts that way being already made in the beginning of February upon Brunt Island which nevertheless miscarried with a great loss of men but the want of Provisions the English then laboured under and their having hopes of plenty on that â—ide Fife being the fertilest and most abounding place in all Scotland made them every day contrive and venture a landing thereon and flat-bottomed Boats and Sloops were
the Lord Sherard Warwick's Nephew and the Lord Roberts his Eldest son returned in the same posture the Earl of Warwick sitting at one end of the Coach against him Richard his son and Whitlock in one and Lord Lisle and Montague in the other Boot with swords drawn and the Lord Claypool Master of the Horse led the Horse of Honour in rich Caparisons to White-hall The Members to the Parliament-house where they Prorogued their sitting to the twentieth of Ianuary Great Rhodomontadoes of Proclaimings and little less than Blasphemy in the several Addresses in and from all parts of the three Kingdoms were the vapouring and ranting conclusions of this story which reduceth to memory another terrible occurrence to the Protector amidst those ambages and suspence of a Crown namely a Book published under the Title of Killing no Murther by which it was proved and that most evidently that it was not onely Lawful but Honourable to slay this Tyrant It was a very ingenious and Learned Piece and frighted Oliver exceedingly who searched for it as Herod did in another case but it could not be discovered whoever the Author was his Book and he deserves everlasting memory It was also attended like the preceding part of his Usurpation with a most terrible blow of Gunpowder out of a Mill neer Wapping which ruined and destroyed several Houses and killed several persons and answered with its crack and vicine Eccho the but just-ceased Guns from the Tower of London upon that occasion or as others said it was an Introduction or Warning-blow of the intended mischief by the Committee for New Buildings who now began their work in all earnestness sitting in Salisbury-Court at Mr. Sadler's the Town-Clerk of Lonâ—â—n This was seconded with as remarkable an Earth-quake at Bickly in Cheshire on the eighth of Iuly where some twenty yards of Ground with three great Oaks and other Trees fell as with the noise of a Cannon the same tenour of alluding Fate in its portents against this Governour-General thirty yards deep in the ground where nothing but Water could be discovered Other accidents of Murther and Slaughter there were one Butler a Comrade and Companion of one Knight's Servant to one Worth a Silk-man then upon his affairs at Bristol being tempted with the sight of the Money which lying with this Knight in his Masters absence he had opportunity to observe cut his Friends Throat after some strugling and escaped with the Money but was most providentially discovered One Parsons Lieutenant-Colonel to Pride being set upon in the Highway for his Purse and making resistance was shot for all the care of his Comrades the Major-Generals whose Authority now began to wain But that which is most remarkable of these occurrences and casualties was the Execution of Captain Bernard for Robbing the House of his Colonel Winthrop Colonel in Harrison's place and Regiment wherein this Bernard for betraying his former Colonel the Noble Eusebius Andrews as before had a Troop given him by the Long Parliament so commensurate was the Divine Justice to his sin punishing his Treachery against the one by his crime of Burglary against his other Colonel He made applications to Cromwel and alledged his past and proffered great future service for a Reprieve but even Cromwel himself thought not such a fellow fit to live besides he was infamous and too well known and he had new ones of greater abilities retained to that purpose no way in the world suspicable of such practises namely one Corker a Minister formerly in York-shire but a violent and Active Royalist in the War and one that had a hand in that Exploit of killing of Rainsborough and a Knight formerly Governour of Newark far more eminent in the Royal service of which presently The Forrain adjunct transactions were first the Danish War with the Swede then engaged in a far distant War with the almost-subdued Pole The reason of this suddain Rupture was the like Invasion made by the Swede some thirteen years before and wresting by his Arms some Provinces from that Kingdom of which now this occasion offered them the recovery however it answered not its promising beginnings The Duke of York who Commanded a part of the Spanish Army was marching to joyn with other Forces to the Relief of Montmedy-Castle in Lorrain besieged by the French Marshal de Ferte While the English Forces joyned with four Regiments of Horse were advancing from Vervins part of them to the number of 300 quartered in a Castle something distant from the Body the Duke with a Brigade attaqued and thereupon they presently yielded and took up Arms with him notwithstanding this inauspicious entrance they marched and joyned with Turenne then at the siege of St. Venant where Colonel Morgan in an attempt made by his men who seeing some of their fellows in danger bravely forsook their Trenches took a Halâ—-Moon and lodged themselves under the Counterscarp the custom of taking Towns there being by slower progressions which mainly conduced to the speedy surrender of that place Colonel Morgan received a Wound in his Arm at this siege From thence the United Forces marched towards Dunkirk having gained and secured the Passes upon the Colne that they might march either to Gravelin or Dunkirk but the latter being aimed at they took up their first quarters at Bourbrock designing upon Mardike-Fort some of the English quartered at Watton where there is a Colledge of English Jesuits and where there was between them a reciprocation of civil usage Mr. Talon Was dispatcht by Turenne for more supplies and Colonel Reynolds followed him to London and in the mean while about the middle of September the Armies sat down before Mardike and put themselves between it and Dunkirk General Montague riding before the Splinter with a Fleet of War it wâ—â— not long before a continual Battery had made the Besieged quit the Woodâ— Fort which so incommodated them being seized by the Enemy that they were forced to yield to Mercy Sept. 23. Turenne not allowing better because they had refused his first offers the Fort was immediately put into the possession of the English a party of French being added to them under Colonel Morgan and the rest of the Army it being thought unadviseable to attempt a Siege against Dunkirk the Winter growing so hard upon them returned to Bourbrock where the English took up their Winter-quarters to be neer Mardike and the French at Ardres Afterwards it was resolved that two Regiments to wit Colonel Reynold's and Alsop's should march into French quarters and relieve and be relieved every two Months their fellows hereabouts to the strengthning of which place and while the Fortifications were finished Marshal Turenne staid some time with his Army The taking of Mardike was very grievous to the Dunkirkers and Spanish-side and therefore it was resolved by Don Iohn to hazard a Scalado and Assault by night The illustrious Duke of York and the Marquess of Caracene ordered and
of the Parliament Forces departs London 38. Attends the King's motion 39. Fights at Edge-hill retreats to Coventry 40 41. Relieves Gloucester 49. At Newberry 50. At Theal Redding London 52. Marches reduce the West 58. Pounded at Lestithiel and escapes with Lord Roberts by Boat to Plymouth 58. Resignes his Commission 72. Dies 124 Earl of Essex Lord-Deputy 587 Essex County joyns with Lord Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle 174 Estate of the Kingdom in a sad condition after the death of the King 124 125 Everts taken 536. dismist ibid. Exchange Royal finished 574 Exchequer shut 582 Execution of the Kings Iudges 466 Exeter yielded and Articles 98 99. Engagement forced by the Independant-party for the Parliament to live and die with the Army City refuse the Parliaments Orders and Acts 231. Tumults about a free Parliament Excise 157 Exclusion of secluded Members 229. F Fairfax General in Commission 74. Marcheth 75. Is cajoled to manage the seizure of the King Made Generallissimo and Constable of the Tower 141. Marcheth against the Levellers 234. Complemented and graduated at Oxford with Cromwel and Lambert ibid. Magnificently treated and presented by the City ibid. Lays down his Commission 268. Arms against Lambert 434 Faulkland Lord-Viscount slain 51 Fanshaw Sir Richard Embassador in Spain 525 Fatality among the Clergy 504 Farrel Lieutenant-General of Ulster-Army 245. Put into Waterford to defend it 247 Farewel to the Scotch-War Fast general 540 Faulkner perjured 291 Faulconbridge Lord Arms against Lambert sent to Venice 575 Fee-farm Rents 455 Feak Parson 540 Fiennes Lord Commissioner Fifth-Monarchists plot against Cromwel 366 FIGHTS at Newborn with the Scots 13 Worcester in the Lanes 40. Brainford 41. Yarum 42. Wakefield 43. At Liscard ibid. Caversham-bridge ibid. Hopton-heath 44. Bramham-moor ibid. Chalgrave-field 45. Stratton ibid. Middleton-Cheney Lansdown 46. Round-way-down ibid. Adderton-heath and Bradford 47. Stow in the Wold 49. Auburn-chace 50. Newark at the relief of it by Prince Rupert 56. Brandia or Cherington 57. Cropredy 58. Lidbury 74. Sherburn 90. Torrington 93. Saint Fagons 171. Maidstone 174. At Dublin 241. Muscleborough 264. Warrington 295. Wigan 296 Fincher Mayor vide Pye resigned Finch Sir Heneage his Reading 501. Made Lord-Keeper 594 Fire in London 554. In the Horse-Guards 556. In Fleet-street 368. Another at Aberfoyle in Scotland ibid. Another in Thred-needle-street 368. At Lambeth 373. At St. Johnstons in Scotland 381 Fleet sent under Hamilton to the Frith in Scotland 9 Fleet Spanish denied protection and ruined by the Dutch in the Downs 11 Fleet returns to the Prince Earl of Warwick imployed against them as Admiral 175 176. Fleets Dutch and English at Shetland 322 Fleet under Pen from Jamaica accidents of the return 376 Fleet declare their Royal acceptance c. 446 Fleet English 532. Beats the Hollander 538. English Hamburgh-fleet taken 538. Rendezvouz ibid. Fleet ready 250. Divided ibid. Fleets Engage ibid. Engage again 552. Out again 553 Fleets Engaged 584. Fleets Engaged 591 Fleetwood made Deputy of Ireland 366. More of him Forrain Princes how affected to our States 254 Forces from Ireland to assist the King 53. Surprized and defeated 54. Sent by Cromwel to assist the French 391. Vnder Earl Inchiqueen to Portugal 511 Fornication Act 225 Fray likely at Westminster At Tower-hill Fundamentals of the Army French prohibit English Cloath and are prohibited their Wines 255. Conclude a peace with Cromwel 377. Their Fleet taken by Blake 325. At Gigery 533. Embassadors in England 535. King supplies the Dutch 544. Declares against England ibid. Embassadors beaten and Imprisoned in Turkey 558. Lays claim to the Low-Countries breaks with Spain 579. Invades Lorrain 579. Breaks with the Dutch 583 Free Parliament noised 434 Frigats of Brest rove at sea 356 Furstenburgh Count seized 598 G Gates and Portcullices of London pulled down 437 Gayland 522 523. Makes peace 532. Transports himself for Tangier 571 Gell Sir John Sentenced 270 A General required by Officers of the Army 439 Gentry secured over England 373 Gerrard Col. John and Sir Gilbert 538. Col. John beheaded 361 Gibbons Sentenced 290 Glencarn Earl submits to the English 362. Prisoner in Edenburgh 380. Chair-man to the Scotch Convention 432 Gloucester Duke born 13. With the King at Colen from the Iesuits at Paris 365. Dies 456 Gloucester Siege and Summons and Relief by Essex 49. Walls demolished 512. Cathedral begged 381 Godolphin Sir Will. Knighted and sent into Spain 568 Goff Col. friend to Richard Cromwel 417 Goring Col. into France 39 Goring Lord Condemned but saved 228 Goodman Bishop refuseth to subscribe Canons against the Church of Rome 12 Good Old Cause 417 Grace Colonel 324 Graigs Town 245 Grantham Col. killed 380 Grantham Town 44 Granger a Forger 256 Greenvile Sir John 445. Rewarded by the Parliament and City 446 Greenvile Sir Bevil 46 Great Cities and Towns in Ireland refuse to admit Garrisons which proved their ruine 244. Accept of them at last upon condition the English be dismist Cavaliers and others 251 Grey Lord Grooby 291 Groves Col. vide Penruddock Guiny Relation 535 Guernsey-castle stormed 284. A designe uppon it discovered 554 Gunning Dr. in Divinity his Congregation seized and plundred for celebrating Christmass 398 Gurney Lord Mayor in the Tower 34 Guthury and Giffan Hanged 497 H Haberdashers-Hall 129 Hackney-coaches regulated 368 Haddington Earl blown up by Gunpowder in Scotland 14 15 Hamilton Marquiss the Kings Commissioner into Scotland at London 7. Prisoner to Pendennis-castle 52. Defeated and taken Prisoner 178 Hamilton Duke tryed and sentenced 228. Beheaded 229 Hamond Col. secures the Kings person 151. His baseness 163. Shot in Ireland ibid. Hannam the Infamous Thief breaks Prison and escapes 376. Hanged 381 Harman Capt. his Exploit 595. Beats the Dutch 564 Harrisons impudence in bringing the King to London 193. A main man for the little Parliament outed and dissatisfied 353. Apprehended 453 Harris a great Cheat 368 Harvey Sir Daniel sent to Constantinople 568 Hazelrig Sir Arthur seizes Portsmouth 433. returns to Westminster and is thanked by the Rump 435. Dies 474 Healing Parliament 470 Henrietta Princess 469 Henchman Dr. Bishop of London 524 Hertford Marquiss 38 Heresies and Schismes 368 Hewit Dr. seized 404. Tried and Beheaded ibid. Hewson Col. made Master of Arts in Oxford 234 Marcheth into London 433 Hide Sir Henry beheaded 285 Highland-War in Scotland its account 361 362. Hinde the High-way man 303 Hispaniola expedition from 369 to 372 Holland Earl Lieutenant-General of Horse against the Scots 9. Rising at Kingston and defeated 177. Tryed and Sentenced 228. Executed in Palace-yard Westminster 229 Hollis Lord Embassador into France 522. Returns for England 550 Holmes Major Committed 532. Discharged ibid. Enters the Vly 553. Attacques the Dutch Fleet 582. Holstein Duke 255 Honours and Dignities denied to some Male-Contents another cause of the Scotch troubles 4. Honours given by the King vacated 292 Hopton Lord 42. Disbanded honourably after many services and Victories at Truro in Cornwal 96 97 Horse-races and
of General Lesly Earl of Leven an old Souldier in the Swedish Wars better armed intelligenced and provided than the last year on the 27th of August Lesly desired leave of my Lord Conway for his whole Army to pass to the King with their Petition which he as before avowed to be the honesâ—est loyallest and innocent thing in the World but was refused and stopped Thereupon three hundred Scotch Horse attempted to cross the River and were therein repelled by the shot of the English Musquetiers who were placed under the shelter of a Breast-work This was no sooner done but the Scots with nine pieces of Ordinance which they had placed on the side of the River and blinded them with bushes plaid upon those breast-works which so affrighted the English Infantry being raw Souldiers and not used to the noise and execution of Canon that they presently forsook their Posts cast down their Arms and fled Instantly the Scotch Horse with their General himself advanced but were handsomely welcomed by Commissary-General Wilmot who with the Cavalry which consisted mostly of Gentlemen very stoutly stood to it till they were over-born by number and galled with great Bullets and so forced into a disorderly retreat Here were slain two or three Gentlemen of Quality among which was Cornet Porter Son to Endymeon Porter of the Bed-chamber with some fourscore and odd of common Souldiers The Lord Conway after this defeat carried himself the first news of it to the King that it might not be told by others to his prejudice and Sir Iacob Ashley Governour of Newcastle knowing the place not tenable deserted it sinking the Ordnance in the River so that upon Lesleys approach both that Town and Durham rendred themselves into his hands These losses accelerated the Earl of Strafford into those parts who having the supreme Command of the Army therefore conferred upon him and knowing his Honour and Reputation to be embarqued in this business resolved to put it to the decision of the Sword which he was as well able to manage as his Pen Challengeth the Lord Conway for the disaster at Newborn before the King as if his ill conduct had occasioned it who as stoutly denied it laying the fault as indeed it ought upon the rawness of his Souldiers In Scotland the Earl of Haddington who commanded as Major-General the Forces raised and to be raised in Lothian having recovered from the Souldiers of Berwick Garrison the pieces of Ordnance which Lesley had left behind him at Dunslo and brought them to Dunglass was the next day slain with twenty more Knights and Gentlemen in the midst of his Court by the stones that flew from the Vault neer adjoyning which was then blown up with the Magazine that lay in it Though the Earl of Strafford was so eagerly and intensly bent on fighting with the Scots yet with the King who was loth to run that hazard not knowing how to recruit himself if he were worsted unless he should condescend as much or more to his English Subjects in Parliament those Martial resolutions soon abated to the regret of that Noble Earl whose safety as well as glory consisted in driving the Scots out of this Kingdom So that though the King had declared them to be Rebels and Traytors by Proclamation and commanded that publick Prayers should be put up against them in all Churches and had set up his Royal Standard at York yet now he was contented to treat with them and to that end received from them a Petition stuft with their grievances to which he returned answer by his Secretary of Scotland the Earl of Lanerick That he expected their particular demands which were tendered to him within three days after and imported his Majesties calling a Parliament in England without which there could be no satisfying redress for them Thay had likewise published sometime before their marching into England a Declaration intituled The intentions of the Army which signified that they would not lay down their Armes till the reformed Religion were setled in both Nations upon sure grounds and the causers and abetters of their present grievances and troubles were brought to publique Justice and that in Parliament In order to the speedy accommodation therefore of this quarrel Twelve of the Nobility who were there with the King by name Hertford Essex Bedford Warwick Mulgrave Bristol Bullingbrook Say Mandevil Howard Paget and Brook drew up a Petition to the King and had it delivered after which others of the same contents were brought from London and other places of the Kingdom which unanimously agreed in this That nothing could satisfie the people nor relieve their grievances and pressures but a Parliament This the King willingly assented to and in part condescended to other of the Scots demands and for the present summoned the Lords of England to appear at York where accordingly they met and on the first day of their sitting in Council it was agreed that a Parliament should be called to convene the third of November next And in reference to the Scotch business and the poor oppressed Northern Counties where both the Armies that Summer had quartered the Bishoprick of Durham being then taxed by the Scots at three hundred and fifty pound the Country of Northumberland at three hundred pound a day it was also resolved that a Treaty should be had and thereupon sixteen English Lords whereof eight were Earls the other Barons should meet with so many of the Scotch Nobility and the place was assigned at York which was refused as not safe enough for the Scotch Commissioners by reason of the presence of the Lord Deputy Strafford who had proclaimed them Traytors in Ireland and against whom they had matters of high Complaint And so it was resolved it should begin at Rippon The first thing the English insisted on was a present Cessation but the Scots objected against that and said that other things were more expedient to be first considered For as they would obey the Kings command in advancing no further so would they not go back again till they had accomplisht the business they came for and therefore propounded four Praeliminaries to be resolved on which were concluded on and agreed to At the first of these That the Scotch Army should be paid and maintained out of the English purse the Earl of Strafford was highly incensed and enraged being so dishonourable a thing to the Nation and therefore would have perswaded the King to give him leave to fight them no way doubting but that he should be able to drive them presently into Scotland again though accounted then far superiour in Discipline and Souldiery to the English Army But the affair of the Treaty was so far advanced for the reasons aforesaid that there was no fair way of receding if the King had been powerful enough to have combated them as some made no scruple so that on the 16 th of October the English Commanders
Answer to their Petition for it and wishes them in the sence of those to apply themselves to the Parliament for the good of All. The King was now resolved since he saw how slowly the Irish business proceeded for the dispatch of that Rebellion to pass over thither and to that purpose sent a Message to the Parliament from York From which expedition they disswade the King and in lieu of using the Magazine of Hull for that service desire it may be sent to the Tower of London to supply that almost exhausted guessing indeed that the King intended to possess himself of it but they prevented him by Sir Iohn Hothams admittance into the Town standing affected to their Cause before the coming of my Lord Newcastle to the same purpose Thereupon they again petition the King in the matter of the Militia as to his Forts and Magazins inserting the old standing matter of Popery in relation to some Jesuits whom the King had reprieved To this Petition the Kings Answer was that he wondred why a Garison was put into Hull without his consent and Souldiers billeted without Law contrary to the Petition of right and that they could mention to him the transferring of his Magazine without reason or judgement he would know why he might not be thought sufficient to impower and intrust any person of unquestionable honour and worth with the custody of a Fort Town or Magazine of his own when they were so confident as to commit it without his knowledge or consent to Sir Iohn Hotham though he doubts not but it will be rendred to him when he shall demand it Hopes that they will not do in this case as they have done in the Militia petition him and make themselves the Carvers and tells them that if they attempt any thing herein without his consent he will hold it as an act of violence against him and so declare it to all the world For the Priests he refers them to the Law and their Sentence the time of his Reprieve granted them being expired But in that answer to his expedition into Ireland they court him there with a Compliment of their fear of the danger of his person besides the interruption of the proceedings of Parliament Though to the first they were more afraid of that force he should raise to accompany and attend his person and as to the second the distance lay onely in their averseness to an Accommodation until they were nearer in duty and affection the proximity of his person availed not but they would in no wise endure to hear of being governed by Commissioners in his Majesties absence because it was presumed there were more then enough of themselves already that looked like such things in his presence if not more Soveraign and imperious than such could be To this Reply the King rejoyns that he looks upon them as his great Council with great respect but also upon himself as not dâ—prived of his understanding or devested of any right he had before the Parliament assembled he called them by his Writ and authority to give him counsel but did not resign his interest and freedom nor will subject himself to their determinations nor hath he dissented at any time without his reasons given with candour and conscience and though a Major part may bind them in their consultations and opinions yet he holds himself free to dissent from them Anno Dom. 1642. NOw this great controversie of the Militia came to be decided and what had been bandyed with so many words to be summed up and stated in the case of Hull and the Magazine there which the King as before had refused to be translated any otherwhere than for his own accommodation in the service of Ireland besides the County of York added their instances to the Kings resolution requesting him as well for his own as the publike safety it might be continued where it was Therefore to end the dispute and ascertain the matter without any further contest the King resolved to go and possess himself thereof taking with him a Guard onely for his person which consisted of his menial servants and the Gentry adjacent thereabout On the 23 of April his Majesty came before the Town when contrary to all expectation especially of the King the enterance was denyed him the gates being shut against him as Sir Iohn Hotham then upon the Walls of the said Town peremptorily told him by Authority of Parliament by whose trust he kept it nor by any means after a long Parley and perswasion would admit the King into the Town unless under certain disloyal and undutiful limitations which the King so abhor'd that moved with just indignation he caused Hotham instantly and before his face to be proclaimed Traytor a name that stuck to him or all sides and was his Sentence long before his Execution and which in such very heynous matters not usual reached the life of his eldest Son also But because his late Majesties own Sacred Pen hath so compassionately delivered his story it will be rudeness to that blessed Prince and barbarity to Sir Iohn Hotham to rake further in his ashes than what we shall have occasion for in the depositing them after Execution The Duke of York and the Prince Elector Palatine were gone into the Town the day before and were now after some deliberation suffered to go out again who came to the King then in a very great discontent retreated to Beverly whence he sent Letters to the Mayor of Hull which signified to him his Majesties displeasure and resentment of the affront done him thereby also warning him and the Garrison which consistâ—d of a thousand men not to partake with Hotham but to lay down their arms and receive the King who would rather enlarge than lessen and diminish their Charter and Priviledges After this Message he likewise dispatched another to the Parliament requiring the Town and Magazine to be delivered to him and that his honour be repaired by some signal and remarkable Justice upon Hotham that injury so closely â—ying at his breast that till satisfaction be given him therein he can intend no other business whatsoever as portending those undutiful actions which afterwards succeeded This is saith he to make me worse in condition than the meanest Subject since I cannot enjoy my own 't is time therefore to examine how he lost them and to try all possible ways by the help of God the Laws and his good Subjects to recover them and vindicate himself concluding that if he fail in the reducing of the place he is the first Prince in Christendom that hath done so and prays God to bless him in these resolutions This was answered no otherways but by a Command to their Lord Lieutenant of the County of Lincoln to suppress all Forces that should be gathered and raised against the said Town of Hull and presently expedite the Ordinances of the Militia
of Victuals which mightily heartned his Army who had almost been famished From Cyrencester in leisurable short Marches of five Miles a day he came to Cricklade and so to Swinden intending to pass to Hungerford But when the Van and Body of his Army had marched almost over Auborn-Chase a Gallant Body of the Kings Horse consisting of about five thousand tell upon the Rear of his Army which being soon disordered indeavoured to make a Retreat to their Body but they were pursued too hastily both on Rear and Flank so that it was done with great loss and confusion Being come to their Body they faced the same Horse who again put them into the like disorder until some of the Van coming to their assistance the Kings Horse were repelled but fresh reserves coming on stopt the fury of the Parliaments Foot Two gallant and brave Charges were made presently one after another and the Parliamentarians driven again to their main Body at which time Sir Philip Stapleton who had the Van for that day as they changed it for reservation every day came purposely back and drew up his Regiment to succour them which caused the Royallists to retire and so the night parted them On the Kings party in those smart charges and encounters were slain a French Marquess De Vieu ville with other Officers of good quality whose worth appeared highly on the Parliament side were slain two Captains Middleton and Hacket The worst fell upon Colonel Sheffields Regiment of Horse which was utterly broke and two Standards taken and very many men killed On Thursday the 19 of September from his quarters at Hungerford the Earl of Essex marched to Newbery and upon approach to the Twon saw the Kings Forces upon an hill just in opposition to their March which the General perceiving himself first advanced to a place neer the Enemy and thence commanded Colonel Barcleys and Colonel Holborns Brigades to charge them That was done very fiercely but was as resolutely recharged by Prince Rupert who never wanted the first and most furious brunts This place of advantage was contested for hotly by both parties till both Armies being ready to grapple the difference of ground was not reckoned on and the Kings Forces departed to their several Posts The Battle being then begun Sir Philip Stapleton advanced with his Regiment of Horse and the Generals Life-guard who being received by the Earl of Carnarvan he briskly Charged them and pursuing them to their Foot was unhappily shot in the head of his Troops A Noble-man certainly of as great spirit and affection for the Kings service as any and as much deservedly lamented by them and to whose memory more publike Honours are due than a private Interment in Iesus Colledge Oxford The Royallists thus desperately Charging were soon fallen upon the Parliaments Body of Horse who giving close Fire upon them put them to the â—out and made Prince Rupert hastily return to his whole Body of Horse This gave opportunity for all the Parliaments Horse of the right Wing in which were the Regiments of the aforesaid Sir Phil. Stapleton Dolbeir Ramsey Harvey and Goodwin with the General 's to draw up together whom the Prince most resolutely again Charged and that so thoroughly that some Regiments were so mixed together that they knew not how to disengage themselves In this confusion many were slain on both sides and the Parliamentarians at last forced to the Lanes end where in the morning they entred and where their Foot stood in very great disorder Some of the Royalists Troops pursued them into the Lane but being roundly saluted by the Foot came back with some loss and danger In those Charges were wounded Colonel Dalbeir Commissiary Copley Captain Hammond Captain Pym and Captain Fleetwood The left Wing of the Parliament and the right of the King could not be Engaged but in small parties by reason of Hedges As to the Fight made by the Infantry 't was so divided dispersed and discontinued that a stable fixt account cannot be given of it further than in parcels The Lord Ruthen a Scotchman lately made Earl of Brentford an expert Souldier was here the Kings General who warily managed the Battel on the other side under the Earl of Essex Major-General Skippon commanded principally in the Foot-service which he prudently and couragiously performed preventing the King which was Ruthens design either to seize his Artillery or to fall on the Rear of his men that fought on the Hill or gayning that Hill behind him or their last nights quarter Very many men were lost in this dispute the Royalists having seized on some of the Artillery but were forced to desert it leaving some of the most daring of their Souldiers behind them About four a clock in the Afternoon all the whole Army of Foot was engaged in the Fight which had proved a great deal more bloody if night had not drawn on when the Kings Army both Horse and Foot stood in good order on the further side of the Green intending in the morning to fall on the Parliaments Army afresh But other Counsels prevailing as supposing better advantages ought to be made in their March home they suffered them the next morning to March on which was very acceptable to men who had endured much hardship both for want of rest and dyet In pursuance therefore of a resolution to fall upon them in the Lanes next day Colonel Hurry one of both sides newly revolted to the King with a commanded Party of 800 Musqueteers and a body of Horse was sent after them who charging furiously in those narrow passages put the Rear into an absolute Rout who were compelled to stop the pursuit to overthrow their Carriages across the way Being thus fled to their main body who were drawn up in Battalia in a Heath whither they were still hotly followed they faced about and gave the Royalists such a welcome that they stood not to abide it but made all the haste possibly back again In this after-Skirmish were slain on both sides near 500 men and in the main Battel the day before and in Auburn-chase betwixt five and six thousand the greatest loss whereof if any material difference fell on the Parliaments side of which the most considerable were Colonel Tucker and two Captains Massey and Hunt on the King 's the aforesaid Earl of Carnarvan the Earl of Sunderland and Lord Viscount Falkland both which were killed near the Kings person which was here very much endangered by shot and other Colonels and Officers both Armies with great valour and obstinacy maintaining their ground especially the London Trained Bands and Auxiliaries against whom the Royalists had the greatest spleen and therefore tasted of their resolution This Battel was fought Wednesday the 20 of September and on Thursday in the evening The General Essex after that encounter in the Lanes drew up the Army of Theal and taking some
Religion While this Army was a modelling many disorders happened which retarded their settlement it was to consist of fourteen thousand Foot and seven thousand Horse and Dragoons effective so that the Spring was well advanced before they were in any readiness Therefore the Scots Army was intreated to advance South-ward with all speed to assist the Parliament in the mean time It is to be noted that the first contrivance of Addresses was from Oliver Cromwel who having by this Model and by a Salvo to him from the injunction of the Ordinance the Regiment of Colonel Leg which had been in some muttering and discontent against the Parliament conferred on him did as soon as he had Mustered them present a Paper to them wherein they professed their future adherence to the Parliament in all duty and affection as to the utmost hazard of their lives which Precedent and leading Case was followed throughout the Army and since throughout the Times The Scots we said before were sent for to march more Southward having left all things secure behind them save Carlisle which was then Besieged for Newcastle they had taken of which we must speak a little They had layn a long while for many months a close and desperate Siege to it where several Sallies and Skirmishes had happened it proving one of the hardest resolutest Sieges in the Kingdom all sorts of policy of peace and war by Treaty by Mines by Assaults having been frequently used but to little purpose the Inhabitants resolving never if possible to fall into the Scots hands But on Saturday the nineteenth of October all the Scotch Army furiously set upon the Town and having weakened the defences thereof both as to the Fortifications and the Garrison having made three breaches by their Battery and Mines after a tedious Storm they at last mastered it Sir Iohn Morley and Sir Nicolas Cole and Sir George Baker got to the Castle where being forced by necessity they came to a Capitulation which in Articles concluded a surrender on the twenty seventh of the same month The town being taken by assault was plundered sufficiently over and over again and thanks was given solemnly at London for the giving of Newcastle up to their Brethren of Scotland And very great reason they had to do so for the poorer sort of people had been almost starved for the last two years for want of fuel Coles having risen to the price of four pound a Chaldron never heard of before in London as to the half of it Sir Iohn Hotham and his son had been prisoners in the Tower of London since Iuly 1643. Now upon the new Model several of the old strains were heard as every Change began with Outcryes the noyse was justice now against Delinquents the Sword had glutted it self almost with blood now the Ax was to tast some of it but because of order it is fit to put Sir Alexander Carew in the forlorn of those men who on the three and twentieth of December was beheaded on Tower-Hill being condemned by a Council of War held at Guild-hall for endeavouring to betray Plymouth-Fort where he was Commander to the King This unfortunate person of whom something strange as to the business of the Earl of Strafford hath been said before was brother to the more miserable Iohn Carew one of the Judges of his late Majesty On the twenty seventh of December Sir Iohn Hotham received sentence in like manner for his endeavour to betray Hull to the King and for holding and maintaining correspondence and intelligence with the Marquess of Newcastle and others the Earl of Manchester and other great persons sitting in the Hustings Court at Guild-hall as Judges He would have evaded the Charge but he could not throughly do it and so mainly insisted on the great service he had done before at Hull when he might have expected great honour and preferment He also produced some witnesses of quality on purpose to take off the testimony of the Examinants against him but they were not received for sufficient His Excecution should have been on the thirty first of December upon Tower-hill where the multitude was assembled the Scaffold his Coâ—fin and Executioner was in readiness but as he was on his way thither a Reprieve came from the Lords for four days longer which the Commons so stomacked that conceiving their Priviledge hereby invaded they ordered he should dye on the second of Ianuary which was accordingly performed his son suffered the day before for the same offence and both of them dying with great reluctancy and reflecting upon the Parliament being assisted in this sad business with no better comforter than Hugh Peters In their grave we leave them with that most excellent memorial of them in the Kings book than which nothing can be more truely or pathetically said of them give me leave for an example to posterity to transcribe a Paragraph Nor did a solitary vengeance serve the turn the cutting off one head in a family is not enough to expiate the affront done to the head of the Common-weal the eldest son must be involved in the punishment as he was infected with the sin of his father against the father of his Country Root and Branch God cuts off in one day That which makes me more pitie him is that after he began to have some inclinations towards a repentance for his sin and reparation of his duty to me he should be so unhappie as to fall into the hands of their Iustice and not my Mercie who could as willingly have forgiven him as he could have asked that favour of me Poor Gentleman he is now become a notable Monument of unprosperous Disloyaltie teaching the world by so sad and unfortunate a spectacle that the rude carriage of a Subject carries always its own Vengeance as an unseparable shadow with it and those oft prove the most fatal and implacable Executioners of it who were the first employers in the service Less than this could not be afforded to this most notable passage of the times whose ill beginning with this man brought him to this ill and unfortunate end The Assembly of Divines Convocated by the Parliament had sate a good while in consultation of Church-Government and though they were forward enough to subvert what they sound standing yet by the interposition of more moderate and learned Divines who happened to be chosen among the rest such as Dr. Featly whom at last the Parliament stifled in restraint and Dr. after Bishop Gauden and others that speed was retarded but upon this request of the Parliament to the Scots for their speedy advance in exchange of mutual kindness they demanded the speedy settlement of the Presbyterian Government and that the Orders and Ceremonies of the Church of England might not be used in the interim in any of the Churches of the places where they should happen to quarter Presently upon the receipt of this Letter the
the Kings sight now refused the delivery of the City without his Majesties Command so that after a Noble Treatment given the Commissioners they for the present ceased any further Transaction and shipped away the said Forces under Colonel Monck for Belfast in the North of Ireland where they did very good service against Oneal and his fellow-Rebels The conclusion of this Peace was as ill resented by the Nuncio and all the said Popish party as it was by the Parliament For the Catholick Armies having lately had several great successes and neither of the two other Kingdoms then in a condition to relieve that of Ireland thought upon nothing less than a shaking off the English yoak which so often in former ages they had attempted but never had the like probabilities as now the Clergy therefore who were generally addicted to the Spaniard under whose protection they would render themselves and the Nation thundered out Excommunication against any that should acquiesce in the said Peace and Agreement and with an Army of 17000 Horse and Foot resolve notwithstanding thereof to march and besiege Dublin This result begot a division among them as by the Marquess was afore consulted but yet so great a strength remained to that party against the Peace that the said Marquess was forced to resume his former Treaty with the Parliament concerning the delivery of those places he held to their Commissioners who being sensible how difficult a work it would prove to begin a new Conquest of that people if either by force or a Treacherous Peace they should possess themselves of that little that was left to the English Protestant interest did labour with the King the Marquess and the Scots that there might be no entertainment of any Accommodation with them being ready they said to Transport over a numerous Army to râ—duce and subdue that Rebellion which they pretended had ere long been done if the King would have permitted them by a complyance with their Propositions The King indeed was loth to abandon himself and his hopes in that Kingdom with his Forces in England and Scotland at the same time sadly foreseeing how the two Houses would use their Victory and plainly seeing how his Scotch Subjects had already abused him therefore he with no little reluctancy was brought to give way to the demand concerning Ireland but there being no remedy all the assurances he had from the Marquess and the Lord Digby as well as from the transaction of the Marquess of Worcester then Earl of Glamorgan being disappointed by the Rebels falseness and Treachery who indeed thought of nothing less than Peace whereby the English Forces there could not be spared to his assistance he consented to supersede and cease all manner of Treaty with the Enemy as aforesaid which it is probable they coming to understand did therefore the rather Violate their Accord which so unwillingly they entred into as doubting of the performance of it it being wholly out of his Majesties Power and Authority Whatsoever the matter was the Lord of Ormond was at last constrained as the lesser Evil to close with the Parliament and surrender of which and the War prosecuted there by them in the next year The 13 of September the Earl of Essex the former General dyed of an Apoplexy suddenly having for a little while before retired himself to his house at Eltham not without great suspicion of poyson or some such practice For he was known to have had his judgment rectified concerning the Quarrel and to have stickled for a composure of the War in the House of Peers and his influence on the Army not yet so weakned but that he could make a party there to any design he should stand for and the Reformadoes his fast friends He was an able Souldier confest whether so much a man disputed the reproaches of his debility that way as loud and unmannerly as the praises of his Valour and conduct were justly due and renowned The Royalists derided him with the stile of his OXCELLENCY jeering him with his two unfortunate Marriages first with the Lady Francis Howard from whom he was divorced for his impotency and frigidity quoad hanc and the Daughter of Sir Amias Pawlet in Wiltshire suspected of incontinency with Mr. Vâ—edal Her he had declined himself who during the War continued at Oxford while her Husband was in the field Nor did he suffer less reproach from the Pâ—anatick Rabble who prostituted his honour at the same rate They that were once most highly in love with his person scorning and contemning him like adulterous fondness which converts into extreme hate and contempt By them whom his popularity had estranged from their first love to their Prince was he alike repudiated with publike dicteries and representations in Pictures So Transitory is Vulgar esteem grounded no other where than upon levity and desire of change the deserved fate of such Grandees who with the specious debauchery of good Commonwealths-men and Patriots corrupt the minds and alienate the affections of the Subject to dote upon the bewitches and flatteries of Liberty of which such persons are held forth by their courtesie and affability to be the main assâ—rtors so that it may be said of this Earl that he was alike served with his wives and the Commonalty saving that by the last he lost his innocency and the real honour of his house and Family But the Parliament to which the Faction very readily concurred to make reparation for those indignities done him of which they could not otherwise acquit themselves ordered his Exequies to be performed in a very solemn and magnificent manner The Independent party to colour and allay with the pomp and honour of his Funerals the envy and suspicion of his death not grudging belike to make a golden bridge for a departing Enemy as they might well reckon him to prove to their succeeding designs when his duty to his injured Prince and love to his abused deluded Country and indignation of those affronts and contumelies put upon him should raise in him a spirit as able to lay that white Devil of Reformation as he was to conjure it up in the dreadful shape of an unnatural and disloyal War Cineri Gloria sera venit Mart. He was drawn in Effigie upon a Chariot from Essex-house in the Strand to the Abby-Church at Westminster where Mr. Vines an eminent Presbyterian Preached his Funeral-Sermon upon this Text Knowest thou not that a Prince is this day fallen in Israel very learnedly and elegantly most of the Parliament-Nobility in close mourning following him on foot The Effigie was afterwards placed in the uppermost Chancel in very great state till a rude vindictive fellow laid his prophane hands upon it and so defaced it privately in the night that it was by order removed Very few condolements were made after he being like to be soon forgotten who had neither interest nor relation to his Honour remaining dying childless
his end His last words were Jesu have mercy on me and gather my soul with those that have run before me in this Race Next to him Mr. Andrew Guthrey Son to the Bishop of Murray And lastly Mr. William Murray a young Gentleman of some 19 years old Brother to the Earl of Tullibardin who most magnanimously encountred Death behaving himself as he said His End would prove as the greatest honour of his Family For this Blood Scotland hath since pretty well satisfied the Divine Justice I pray God it be yet fully expiated and attoned There escaped out of their clutches the Lord Ogleby the day before his designed Martyrdom disguised in his Sisters apparel To conclude these Funerals in Scotland Ferdinando Lord Fairfax Father to Sir Thomas the General whose Barony is Scotish dyed about the same time of a Gangrene occasioned by cutting a Corn on his toe and devolved that Honour to Sir Thomas In Ireland upon the advance of the Rebels in so formidable a posture against Dublin the Marquess of Ormond was forced to capitulate with the Parliament and in Iune according to agreement delivered that City to Colonel Iones and other Parliament-Commissioners who brought over with them 1000 Foot and 500 Horse and the Marquess came over into England and attended the King at Hampton-Court and in his removes with the Army with an account of Ireland till upon his going into the Isle of Wight he transported himself into France and from thence not long after back again into Ireland by the Kings Commission with the above mentioned Forces some recruits out of England and other broken Troops of the Marquesses amounting in all to 3000. Colonel Iones resolved to march against the Irish who under the Lord Preston within 12 miles of Dublin met him at a disadvantage and totally routed him killing many and taking some few prisoners the rest escaping with difficulty to Dublin The Parliament had undertaken the War and were therefore troubled at this unsuccessful beginning but they presently re-inforced Iones who taking courage met with the same Enemy again and neer Trim utterly defeated him crying over and above quits with him for his last defeat After his two Wings had discomfited the two Wings of the Irish by plain Valour their main Battle of 3000 Foot betook themselves to a Bog where the English followed and made great slaughter those that escaped thence the Horse killed This slaughter one of the greatest during all the War was reckoned just to 5470. The Commander of them with Preston hardly escaped and joyned with O Neal who lately had given a terrible defeat to the Scots in Vlster Upon this Victory twenty several places yielded themselves to Iones who omitted not to prosecute his success till the Winter summoned him to his quarters at Dublin Neer the same time the Lord Inchiqueen had a like good success in Munster against the Lord Taaf where he killed near 3000. But the Parliament designing to out him of his Command he being President of that Province and to confer it upon the Lord Lisle or Broghil to that purpose endeavouring to secure his person and convey him into England he declared against the Independent prevailing party in England and for a speedy composure with the King and forthwith joyned his Forces with the said Lord Taaf who with a part of that Catholick Army had declared solely for the King This spoiled all the Triumphs of Iones his Conquest and made the Parliament look about them Ireland being by this means further from being reduced than it was the first day of the Rebellion An enterprise Cromwel resolved to undertake when he had overcome the difficulties of his Invasion and Usurpation of the Government in England In the mean while a Treaty was set on foot by the Faction with O Neal and the Lord Inchiqueen's Commission taken away some of his Treacherous Officers put upon him to that purpose as Spies by the Parliament revealing and deposing his correspondencies with the Presbyterian party of the Parliament who were by the said Examinations sworn to have procured their pardon of the King to act for him for the future which Independent Fetch to beget a new impeachment bringing us back into England we proceed in the affairs thereof where we shall see the Scene altered the domineering Army and their Grandees at Derby-house which managed all seeking shelter for their outrages The House of Lords had scrupled the passing of the Votes of Non-addresses 10 against 10 but the Army quartering at the Mews and at White-Hall made them come to it whereupon the next day the Army gave them their Thanks and with those another piece of Journey-work which was comprised in a Message sent down from them to the Commons to desire their concurrence to the Engagement of those Members that fled to the Army to live and dye with the Army It was debated all day until 7 a clock at night and then the question put That this House doth approve the Subscription of the said Members to the said Engagement which was carried in the affirmative by 10 Voices To prosecute this project now that the Army was afraid of the Scots advance there being sufficient ground of quarrel as they had set forth in their Papers they would have the Parliament and City to own their late forcing of them if called to account for it see the base vicissitudes of Villany now insolent then most sordidly fearful Nor repeating all the Adjutators said to this subscribing the Engagement where they acknowledge That they Rule by Power onely and that the House of Commons is no longer theirs than they over-awe them and they fear the Critical day will come which will discover the Parliament to be no longer theirs than while they have a force upon it The Independent party Proposed to unite all Interests in the Houses City and Army and Cromwel made a Speech in Parliament to that purpose but was snapt up by a Member That they were chosen and trusted by the people to pursue one Common interest and Common good Safety and Liberty of the People and whosoever had any peculiar Interest eccentrick from that was not fit to Sit in that Assembly and deserved to be called to a strict account by those that trusted him And one of Cromwels Agents Mr. Glover was employed to the City on the same errand who offered them the release of their Aldermen then Prisoners and the setting up their Fosts and Chains upon a mutual agreement which the City likewise generously rejected as foreseeing the Scots Invasion and therefore denyed any correspondency with them upbraiding them with their past actions and reiterated Violences Cromwel was troubled at this rejectment but resuming his wonted impudence taxed his Agents by what Authority they had made that Overture who producing his own he falsly renounced it Yet the plot ceased not here his implacable malice cast about presently another way to
to be to consult any such thing though by the like practises his Father lost his Life and that he feared he should not die right in his Favour for being suspected of such a thing and then most courageously stooped to the Block With him upon the same Scaffold suffered the Portugal Embassador's Brother then Residing with Oliver by Name Don Pâ—ntaleon-Saâ— â— He had a while before made a Riot in the New-Exchange upon conceit of an Affront or some scorn cast upon him there and killed one Greenway a Gentleman standing quietly at a Stall no opposition being made but by this Colonel Gerrard who was now fatally joyned with him in Death The Murther was Committed by a Knight of Maltha who escaped but this Nobleman and four more of the Embassador's Servants among whom was an Irish youth were arraigned before Chief-Justice Rolls Sir Henry Blunt and Recorder Steel Tichburn and others joyned in a Commission of Oyer and Terminer and Tried by a party-Jury of English and Forrainers as of custom and though he at first refused to Plead alledging his Quality he was at last Convicted and Condemned He had made an Escape by the civil industry of the Lady Philip Mohun and attempted it again but was retaken and now Beheaded After the Priests and he had prayed upon the Scaffold he shewed some little aversion of Dâ—ath but whether out of anger or fear is uncertain the people and spectators shewing different passions at the fall of both these Victimes to crafty Tyranny and impartial Justice This was done upon the King of Portugal's order to whom the cause and Execution of Justice in his own Kingdom was first remitted The Embassador soon after the conclusion of a Peace disconsolately departed The Irish Youth suffered at Tyburn the rest were Reprieved and afterwards Released In the same month a ship on Southwark-side took accidental Fire as she lay at Anchor which being cut away the ship as Providence would have it was driven by the flowing Tide upon a Shelf neer the Bridge where she stuck and blew up her powder There were 8 persons killed one a Draper upon his Leads on the Bridge by a Plank of the said ship and had the blow been any nigher it would have broke that famous Pile Another ship neer the same time fired in Fresh-wharf neer the Bridge likewise and generally there were many and very sad Conflagrations that attended this Boutefeu and his Usurpation and as memorable unruly accidents ended it as by the sequel will appear We will now cursorily run over the Highland-War of Scotland where notwithstanding those many divisions and animosities concerning Command that were between the Commanders in this Scotch Army the Earl of Glencarn stomacking the supream Command to be conferred upon General Middleton which was thought the best expedient to unite all Divisions amongst them the said Royal Party was yet re-inforced to the number of 3 or 4000 men whom both General Monke and Colonel Morgan in distinct Bodies and several ways attended Morgan was about Loughaber and Loâ—ghness in the Western Highlands about Arguile's Country and keeping close at the Heels of them who ever and anon took over the Mountains and gave them the slip for it was by no means advised to venture an Encounter but tire their Enemy out and nothing but invincible patience and resolution could have endured it For beâ—ides the want of Provisions in that scarce barren Country against which the Souldiers were armed onely with Bread and Cheese which they eat 20 days together that Nature could hardly discharge it self the Ways were most times so abrupt that hardly more than one could go abreast and over the Hills if a Horse-Foot slipt men were in danger of breaking their Necks down the Precipices and Horse and Man sure to be lost no Quarter to be had but in the Glens and great happiness was it counted to meet with them and fresh Water neer which to pitch Tents the General chearfully undergoing the same necessities After much Traversing these difficult ways which were notwithstanding easie as usual to the Highlander it was the Fortune of Colonel Morgan to light upon General Middleton neer Badgenoth at one of those narrow Passes now proving incommodious to the Natives themselves for they could neither well fight nor retreat so that they Engaged in no order nor figure and after a short Medly or Tumult rather than Battle were forced to flie the General endeavouring what he could to resist his misfortune was so neer being taken that he lost his Commission and Instructions and one of his rich Coats with a Sumpter-horse This happened on the 19 of Iuly and was the total defeat and suppression of that War For immediately the Earl of Glencarn with 500 men submitted at Dumbarton and though there happened some puny Skirmishes afterwards as the defeating of a party of the Earl of Athol Captain Elsmores taking of Sir Arthur Forbes and routing of Mac Naughton at Glenlyon and Captain Lisle with a party from Colonel Cobbet Governour of Dundee defeated the Earl of Kinoule and took him and the Lord Diddup and Lieutenant-Colonel Mercer Prisoner who was returned now to Edenburgh-Castle and the young Marquess of Montross routed by Blair-Castle yet Submissions and Treaties spent most of the time that the Lord Middleton with the Earl of Seaforth staid in Scotland who now with a small party of the Clans were in Catheness the Lords Forrester and Kenmore the Earl of Athol and Marquess of Montross capitulated desiring onely the Terms and mitigation of Fines the Earl of Glencarn had at his Rendition at Dumbarton-Castle Lorn now flew again into Arms to colour those late Treacheries and Treasons he now underhand managed for Cromwel and joyned with Mac Naughton who had surprized Colonel Brayn and Captain Nichols Governour of Innerâ—ra-Castle as they thinking themselves secure in the Confines of the Lowlands had dismiss'd their Convoy and made his Terms by that lucky surprize to his advantage Generally the Noble General Monke gave very obliging Conditions and so did Twisleton and Morgan by his order to those that capitulated with them and shewed all the favour that could be expected in point of Fines and Forfeitures which firmly obliged the Nobles and Gentry to him for the future which no doubt he had then principally in his Eye and also invited General Middleton and the Earl of Seaforth to enter into Treaty with him which was managed and in a manner concluded by Major-General Drummond but rescinded by Middleton as was alledged here because of the English insistency upon the former Fines and Security but judged as proceeding from a principle of Honour and Right since this departure of the King's Lieutenant with Conditions obtained from the Enemy might be construed a Cession of that Kingdom to the Usurper as the Lord Ormond with great Punctilio given him a very noble Precedent He departed not till the beginning of the next year and Glengary had the honour
Fourth the Demeasnes and Jurisdiction whereof lay in the Dutchy of Normandy in France under the English Soveraginty and Earl of Torrington in his own native County of Devon and Baron of Potheridge his own Patrimony Beauchamp and Teyes by which he hath right of Peerage in the three Kingdoms whose equal Felicity and Honour he advanced and raised before himself and now most deservingly shared with them by his Investiture in these Dignities which were compleated Iuly the 13 by his taking his place in the House of Lords attended by the House of Commons and introduced by the Duke of Buckingham In the same month General Montague was created Earl of Sandwich Viscount Hinchingbrooke his famous Mannor in Huntingtonshire and Baron of St. Neots in the same County and on the 16 of Iuly took likewise his place in the House of Peers where they both shine with that degree of splendor by which the Duke reduced and the Earl dawned at the day of Englands Glory and Liberty The Duke of Ormond was likewise made Earl of Brecknock and took his place among the Peers of England he was also made Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold as the Earl of Lindsey was made Lord High-Chamberlain the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold and the Earl of Southampton Lord High-Treasurer of England Sir Frederick Cornwallis was made Treasurer of the Kings Houshold by an old Grant and Sir Iohn Berkley Comptroller and other Royalists were made Officers therein Several presents were made to the King from the several Cities and Boroughs of the Kingdom in Gold and Plate and resignation of Fee-farm-rents purchased from the Usurpers among the rest the City of London with a Complement of their good Stewardship by the mouth of their Recorder Sir William Wilde rendred their like Grant of New Parke in Surrey All the Rents accruing at Michaelmas-day were now secured from the late Purchasers of Kings Queens Bishops Dean and Chapters lands for the use of the right and unquestionable Proprietors to the defeating the miserable and unjust covetousness of such undue and unwarrantable penniworths A splendid Embassy came this Month of August from Denmark to congratulate his Majesties most happy Restitution as a little before the Lord Iermyn newly made Earl of Saint Albans the Title last failing in the renowned Marquess of Clanrickard Vlick de Burgh who had so eminently asserted his Majesties Rights in Ireland and after the reduction thereof came into England and died in London in some distress far unfitting his nobleness of minde as well as former most honourable Estate a while before the Kings Return was sent to France in the quality of Lord Embassador Extraordinary to that Crown Soon after the Prince de Ligne with a right Princely Train and retinue becoming the grandeur of the Affair he was sent to Congratulate from his Majesty of Spain betwixt whom and this Kingdom a Peace after a six years War was lately Proclaimed was with great state received and had solemn Audience by the King and departed and was succeeded by the Baron of Battevile to be Resident and Embassador in Ordinary at this Court. From the French King soon after came another Illustrious and grand Personage upon the same account by name the Count of Soissons who had married the Cardinal's Neece and entred and was entertained here with all sumptuous and extraordinary Magnificence In sum there was no Prince nor State in Europe who sent not or were not a sending their Embassador upon this wonderful occasion The Parliament after many debates and disputes alterations and insertions at last finished the Act of Oblivion which was extraordinary comprehensive and indulgent to the regret of many injured Royalists who found no better perswasive to their acquiescence in it but their unalterable duty to the King whose special Act this was Out of this were only excepted the Regicides and Murderers of their late Soveraign as to Life and Estate besides Colonel Lambert and Sir Henry Vane and Twenty others reserved to such Forfeitures as should by Parliament be declared the principal of these were Sir Arthur Haselrig Oliver Saint Iohn William Lenthal the Speaker Mr. Ny the Independent Minister Burton of Yarmouth and some Sequestrators Officers and Major-Generals of the Army amongst whom was Desborough Pine Butler Ireton c. They passed likewise an Act for a perpetual Anniversary Thanksgiving on the 29 of May the day of his Majesties Birth and Restauration a day indeed memorable and the most auspicious in our English Kalendar and worthy of a Parliaments Canonization Both which his Majesty gave his Royal Assent to as at the Adjournment to another for Disbanding of the Army and paying off the Navy which once looked upon us with the same feared perpetual danger as the Mamalukes or Ianizaries but by this happy conjuncture of his Majesties Fortune with his Wisdom and Goodness yielded after many Modules to its last Dissolution Great sums by Pole-money and other Assessments were imposed and speedily and cheerfully levied and paid to finish this desired work which had before wasted so many Millions of Treasure Mr. Scowen Mr. Pryn Col. King and Sir Charles Doyley were appointed Commissioners to disband them to which the Souldiery very willingly and with thanks to the King submitted the King giving them a Weeks pay as a Donative and Largess The Parliament adjourned till the 6 of November These Felicities of the King we have hitherto insisted on as the course of all worldly things is guided were abated and allayed by the immature and most lamented Death of the right Excellent Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester his Majesties youngest Brother a Prince of very extraordinary hopes Silence will best become our lamentation for his vertues and our loss of them transcend expression He died of the Small-pox Aged Twenty years and two months after much Blood-letting and was Interred with a private Funeral in Henry the Seventh's Chappel at Westminster just before the arrival of his Sister the Princess of Orange who came to joy and felicitate her Brothers in their happy Restitution With the King and Monarchy the Ecclesiastical Regiment by Bishops recovered it self by his Majesties Piety and Prudence that Aphorism being most sadly verified No Bishop No King and therefore on the 20 of September Dr. Iuxon Bishop of London that antient and excellent Prelate was by the King translated from that See to the Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury which was performed with great Solemnity and not long after several new Bishops persons the most eminent and valiant assertors of the Church and Laws of England were Consecrated in the Abby at Westminster and all the Diocesses filled of which together presently in an ensuing Catalogue Divine Vengeance had with a slow foot traced the murtherers of our Martyr'd Soveraign and through several Mazes at last overtook them the iron hand of Justice delivering them to the punishment due to that grand impiety nor was it
year besides that their Admiral Morosini with Twenty five Gallies some few Galliasses and several Fireships engaging above One hundred of the Turks Gallies with Sixty Saicks burnt sunk and took the greatest part of them among the rest of his Prisoners Two Bashaws with six Months Provision and Ammunition for supply of the Besiegers The success of Gayland an Enemy of the English must not be omitted who being at Argilla and hearing of a great Defeat given by Taffalette to Ben Buker wherein Ben Buker himself was taken Prisoner and that there was little hopes of getting another Army into the Field to oppose the Conquerour and finding how the ill news work'd upon his own people who began to threaten to desert him unless their wants were supplied he got out of Argilla with 300 men and Transported himself for Argier At this time about the beginning of March the King of Portugal having caus'd his Brother the King to resigne married the Queen and was by the three Estates of that Kingdom confirm'd in his Regency and in a solemn manner they swore Obedience to him accordingly Now though all things went well at home on the French side yet they had not the success which they promis'd themselves at Madagascar where by engaging themselves in other peoples Quarrels they not onely lost many Men but carrying themselves too high and imperious and forcing the Inhabitants to carry their Arms for them the Natives taking hold of the opportunity fell so heartily upon their new Lords that they destroy'd the greatest part of them But Queen Christina having disintrigu'd her self out of these Hurly-burlies at the latter end of the Year arriv'd at Rome where her entertainment was Pompous and Magnificent Nor did the Pope himself the next day disdain to give her a visit in his own proper person glad no question of so Eminent a Proselyte Anno Dom. 1669. THe 25 th of March being past the Year 1669 begins A Year wherein there could be nothing more calm and quiet than the surface of the English Affairs had not the future effects of its silent contrivances made it appear that though action fail'd 't was busie enough in Council Therefore Envoys and Embassadors were frequently employed a most certain Prognostick of active designes About the beginning of the Year the Earl of Carlisle was sent Embassador Extraordinary to Sweden While he repos'd himself in Copenhagen in which Court he was well known he receiv'd a Letter sent after him by the King of England in return of a very obliging Letter from the King of Denmark with the receipt whereof the King of Denmark was so well satisfied and pleased that at the seasonable instance of his Lordship he was pleas'd to cause his Orders to be dispers'd to all his Ports particularly to his Custom-places and Havens in Norway for restoring the Engish Trading to any part of his Kingdom or Dominions and the same priviledges which they formerly enjoy'd according to the Treaty concluded in the Year 1660. Being arriv'd in Sweden among other Transactions he had a private Audience in which he presented the King of Sweden with the little George worn by the Knights of the Order of the Garter which the King received with great expressions of joy being after that solemnly and publickly by a particular Commission presented and invested by the said Earl with all the peculiar Habits and Ornaments belonging to the said Order Other Embassadors were sent to other parts as Mr. Montague Extraordinary for France Sir Peter Wyche for Muscovy In Iuly the Earl of Winchelsey return'd from his Embassie at Constantinople Nor can History be so ungrateful to Learning as to bury in silence the Honour due to its most bountiful advancers It was therefore this Year that the University of Oxford being assembled in a full Body went to take possession of the New Theatre the magnificent gift of Dr. Sheldon Arch-Bishop of Canterbury where after the reading his Grace's Grant by the Register of the University Dr. South the University-Orator made a Speech sutable to the occasion After which several Panegyricks were pronounc'd in Prose and Verse concluding the Ceremony with several sorts 〈◊〉 Musick both Vocal and Instrumental But in the King's Ears the discords of Schism were more unpleasing for now from several parts of the Kingdom came several Informations that they who separated themselves from the established Worship met in greater numbers than formerly to such a degree as to endanger the publick Peace and greatly to the contempt of the Kings Indulgence to Tender Consciences which forc'd the King to issue out his Proclamation for the suppressing of such Meetings by putting the Laws in execution and proceeding particularly against the Preachers Learning always deserves an honourable Mecaenas and therefore the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury having upon satisfactory reasons refus'd the Vice-Chancellorship of Oxford Dr. Fell with the greatest part of the Body of the Convocation meeting at Worcester-house Install'd the Duke of Ormond Chancellor of that University The King was now diverting himself together with the Duke of York in the New Forest in Hampshire when they both receiv'd an express of the Death of their Mother the Queen Dowager of England who died upon the last of August at Colâ—mbe after a long Indisposition and decay of Health which made them both repair with all speed to Hampton-court Her body was for some time expos'd with usual Ceremonies in the Gallery of St. Columbes after which her Heart was in a Silver-Vessel inscrib'd with her Name and Title carried to the Monastery of Chaliot Her Body was carried to St. DeniÌ„s and plac'd in a Chappel behinde the Quire In November following she was buried after the Form and Magnificence which was formerly used at the Funeral of the Queen-Mother This Moneth brought us news that the Enemy was more than ordinarily busie about Tangier appearing often and in great numbers both of Horse and Foot They laid two considerable Ambushes to have surâ—riz'd the Garrison but one was discovered by the Sentinels the other by the barking of Dogs purposely kept there by the People and Souldiers by which means they were beaten off with considerable loss This not taking effect they appeared next day on the other side of the Town and gave the occasion of a smart dispute for an hour but were thence also forc'd to retire much to their disadvantage This made them quiet for some time when on a suddain they again shew'd themselves behinde a Hill neer a Fort call'd Iames's Fort here as the Onset was powerful so they met with equal resistance and a courage so much superiour as quickly forc'd 'um to leave the Enterprize and many of their men behinde with the loss only of one Corporal which this Year ended all the trouble of that Garrison The Duke of Ormond had been some time since call'd out of Ireland who thereupon left his Son the Lord Ossory to command in his
much to the discredit of Parliaments as if the Crown were jealous as Parliaments or that Parliaments were jealous of the Crown While these things were transacting Sir Iohn Lawson Admiral of the English Fleet sent into the Mediterranean Sea to repress the Insolencies of the Pirates of Argier sent home seventeen Ships and between two and three hundred men and great store of Goods which those Corsairs had taken prize to the Honor of the Publick and private satisfaction of many Nor can we omit the punishment of a Criminal Book long after the Author's decease For with the same justice may Books as well as men be executed for Treason And therefore long after his death about the beginning of May was Mr. George Buchanans Book De Iure Regni apud Scotos call'd in and suppress'd by an Act of the Parliament of that Kingdom having been condemned before by another Act of Parliament in the year 1584. Nor was it less to the advantage of his Majesties Service that at the same time they issued out another Proclamation To prohibit all persons to seek demand receive or deliver any Contributions or Supplies but what were publickly allow'd and practiz'd without allowance of the Lords of the Privy Council For without Libels and Collections the grand support of Conventicles it is morally impossible to unsettle any Government Among such serious things as these Historians have allow'd themselves to entertain their Readers with miraculous Accidents Which puts us in mind of the portentous Tartar which Count Serini was reported to have taken about this time From the shoulder upward he had the shape of a Giant-like man his Neck long and like that of a Horse with a Manâ— the lower part of his face like a man with a great wild Beard the upper part like a Horse with large Ears He was arm'd with a great Bowe and a Quiver by his side with a long Dart. If this Relation may not gain sufficient credit yet the Monster may serve to fight many Ages hence with Regulus's his Serpent Another strange Accident was related from the Barbado's then published not without great Authority which was that about 900 miles Eastward of the Barbadoes a Vessel being in her full course a certain great Fish struck the Ship on the Star-board side and passing under it touch'd the Rudder and threw the Sâ—eâ—rs-man from the Helm and when she came on the other side heav'd a great Sea into the Ship At her first stroke she ran her Horn through the sheathing a three-Inch Plank and threw the Timber into the Cieling where it broke short off so that a piece of 12 Inches long and 100 and a half weight was left in the hole Had not the Horn been broke in the hole the Vessel had been lost for notwithstanding that stoppage the water came in so fast that it kept a Pump imploy'd The Horn was like an Elephants Tooth but more ponderous But passing over these Relations of lighter moment the next Intelligence which we meet withal is of Sir Iohn Lawson who having offer'd all fair Accommodation to the Pyrates of Argier yet finding them disdain his proffer'd Peace he declares open War against them and immediately after took one of their Corsairs of thirty four Guns and 260 men which he sent into Majorca Part of the Prisoners being Turks and Moors he sold to the Duke of Beaufort Admiral to the King of France then in those Seas But now his Majesty mindful of the great work he had in hand had given his particular Instructions to his Embassador in the Netherlands who thereupon about the middle of May gave in his Memorandum to the States of the damages which the English complain'd to have suffer'd by the Subjects of those Provinces But the unprepar'd Belgian not finding it convenient to give such speedy Answers resolv'd to send their own Embassadors to the King himself which as it was a way of answering more magnificent so it was the occasion of greater delay Upon the 17 th of May the Commons being met in the House of Lords His Majesty in a gracious Speech gave both Lords and Commons to understand his Royal Approbation of their Cares and Labors for the good of the Publick together with a Princely acknowledgment of their compliance with his pleasure in the dispatch of the business of the last Sessions Afterwards his Majesty caused them to be Prorogued till the 20 th of August ensuing Withal declaring that unless something extraordinary should fall out it was his Royal purpose not to call them together till November following whereof they should have seasonable notice by Proclamation Upon which Sir Edward Turnor then Speaker represented to his Majesty the humble Thanks of the House for his Gratious acceptance of their endeavours in the Service of his Majesty and the Publick After which he particularly insisted upon the unsettled condition of the Country by reason of Phanaticks Sectaries and Non-conformists and next to that upon the Injuries complain'd of by our Merchants concerning the frauds and practises of our Neighbours the Dutch in the East and West-Indies in Turkey and Africa which besides the Indignities offer'd to his Royal Majesty and the Crown of England were computed to amount to no less than the value of seven or eight hundred thousand Pounds Lastly he presented the Heads of several Bills ready for his Royal assent Accordingly his Majesty sign'd several private and some few publick Acts among the rest An Act to prevent and suppress Seditious Conventicles which though it occasion'd great trouble to the Magistrates of the several Counties yet it made apparent their faithful care and Loyalty to his Majesties Service so that indeed it was the whole employment of this Year to apprehend and try the daily offenders against this Statute His Majesty in the mean time finding it agreeable to his Royal wisdom forthwith to equip two considerable Fleets both to secure his Subjects in their freedom of Trade and maintain the Honor and Interest of the English Nation employ'd some of the Lords of his most Honorable Privy Council to the City of London for the Loan of an hundred thousand pounds upon so extraordinary an occasion referring them to the Lord Treasurer for terms of repayment This was received with so dutiful a compliance by the Common Council of the City that the said Supply was presently Voted acquitting themselves at once both in point of Loyalty and prudence Their present duty and Service to the King manifestly redounding to the welfare and safety of themselves While his Majesty is thus busied in his preparations at home we may look abroad where we are forc'd to behold the fall of the Noble Earl of Teviot who upon the third of May passing the Iews River fell into an ambush planted there by Gayland shelter'd by a thick wood and seconded by his whole Army The Party which the Earl commanded was totally lost excepting a
very few his Memory however is there held in great Honor as if the Memory of his Courage were the Soul of the Garrison And seeing we are got so far abroad it may not be unseasonable to remember the famous Battle fought between the Turks and Christians under the conduct of Montecuculi it being one of the 〈◊〉 famous Occurrences of this year most fatal to the Infidels who that day left dead upon the field the flower of their Infantry to the number of 6 or 7000 among which two Bassaes all their Cannon above forty Colours with Plunder inestimable To which Honorable Victory the wounds of the French did not a little conduce Nor are we so slenderly to pass by another Atchievement of Geneal Souches the general good of Christendom being equally concern'd in both who with an unequal number of only six thousand encountring above 15000 of the Enemy near the Garrison of Lewentz with the loss only of 250 slew eight thousand thereby gaining an absolute Victory vast Booty and Provisions of all sorts All this while though there was open War with Argier and that Lawson kept so vigilant an eye over them yet by reason that either through Cowardize or want of sufficient force they were constrain'd to keep close in their Harbors that sedulous Admiral could do little good upon them otherwise than by blocking up their Harbors to keep them from Roving doing mischief His Majesty therefore having more occasion for so great and eminent a Commander at home sent for both him and C. Berkley into England to employ them against a more Noble Enemy in pursuance of which Order Sir Iohn Lawson returns for England leaving Captain Allen to Command in Chief in his Room who in a short time after brought them to that distress that they were glad to accept of Peace upon terms advantageous enough for the King of England The Divan disowning the Breach and laying the fault upon some few that for their own benefit would not be rul'd by their Superiors As thus his Majesties Arms so were his Counsels active abroad The Earl of Carlisle is sent Embassador to Muscovy and Sweden whither also Sir Gilbert Talbâ—t was likewise employ'd as a particular Envoy as likewise Mr. Coventry to Denmark All upon such important Instructions as the emergency of Affairs at that time requir'd but in general to keep a strict union and Correspondence with those Nations Neighbours of his Enemies Sir George Downing was presently after his return into England sent back again with full Instructions what he had to do Many Conferences he had about the Lists of Damages but the Dutch would return no positive Answer to any thing nor come to any Agreement hoping to prove the event of certain great expectations which they had not the least of which was the return of a vast Treasure in several great Fleets of Merchant-men His Majesty well knowing how strong a Nerve of War Mony is resolv'd to way-lay those vast Masfes of Wealth as they pass'd his own Channel mov'd also by certain Intelligence which he had that the Dutch were resolv'd in contempt of his power to send their Guinee preparations by Sea and that Opdam should convey them through the Channel To which end and purpose that he might be before-hand with the preparations of the Dutch the King strives with all his Puissance to make ready his Navy Whose Royal endeavours and indefatigable pains in his own particular Person were answered by the Success For such was the alacrity of his Subjects that saw him continually travelling from place to place by the presence of his own Majesty to encourage forward the work and to see all things effectually and speedily done that the City freely at the first demand made by the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold suppli'd him with another Loan of another hundred thousand Pounds which so highly promoted his Royal Designe that while the Dutch slattering themselves with vain suppositions of his want of Men and Mony and broken with the Calamity of the Pestilence were only forc'd to look on and with envy behold his vigorous preparations the King had furnish'd out such a magnificent Navy to the Sea as the Ocean had hardly seen in any former Ages On the other side the Dutch having consider'd the dangers of the Northern Passage seemingly lay aside all thoughts of going about by Scotland and resolve to force their passage through the Channel The Commissioners therefore of the several Admiralties having revictual'd Opdams Fleet from the middle of October to the middle of December gave him order to hasten out to Sea with the first wind and to Conduct the Guinee-Succors through the Channel having taken care for some other Ships from the Vlie and Texel to joyn with him and in the mean time they sent a Galliot before to their Director-General in Guinee to give him notice of their Proceedings Which resolution taken and carried on with so much vigour most men believ'd to have been extorted from them by the necessity of their present condition for they had scatter'd many Contempts upon the English Nation and yet falter'd in the point of execution Nor was the Issue of this Bravado it self other than what their â—ear presented for about the middle of October Prince Rupert arriv'd at the Spit-head with sixteen Sail of Men of War The first thing he discover'd was a small Man of War of 14 Guns which the Prince suspecting to be employ'd for Discovery and Advice sent his Smack out to Sea with Orders to forbid him to beat there any longer unless he were upon Trade upon which Message he vanish'd At the beginning of November the Duke of York Lord high Admiral of England departed towards his Charge at Portsmouth having receiv'd a most gracious farewel from his Majesty in a short while after he went aboard and joyn'd with the Prince and Earl of Sandwich so that it was no easie thing to unlock the Narrow Seas Opdam lay with his Fleet in the Goree and great debates there were whether he should out or no but the Wind continuing cross put an end to that Dispute And a fair excuse they had for not adventuring upon so great disadvantages as they were like to have found for as we said before the Duke was now joyâ—â—d with the Prince and the Earl of Sandwich Thereupon about the beginning of December perceiving great likelihood of Frosts and high Winds they thought good to lay up till Spring which was accordingly put in Execution to the great dissatisfaction of the Merchants who now found themselves abandon'd and left to all the hazards of a Winter Voyage Opdam return'd to the Hague and the Seamen were paid off And last of all for the better Information of the King of France how Affairs stood Monsieur Benninghen was dispatch'd away Post for Paris To recompence the Stay of the Royal Navy to