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A90787 The natural history of Oxford-shire, being an essay toward the natural history of England. / By Robert Plot ... Plot, Robert, 1640-1696. 1677 (1677) Wing P2585; ESTC R231542 322,508 394

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a Royal Seat there as in all probability likewise at Heddington near Oxford for though Tradition now goes that it was but the Nursery of the Kings Children whereof there remains yet upon the place some signs of foundations in a Field near the Town called Court-close yet it is plain that King Aethelred did somtimes at least reside there himself for he concludes a Charter or some such like Instrument wherein he grants Privileges to the Monastery of St. Frideswide here in Oxon. of his own Restoration in English thus This privilege was idith at Hedinton and after in Latin Scripta fuit haec Cedula jussu praefati Regis in villa Regia quae ...... appellatur die octavarum beati Andreae Apostoli his consencientibus p ...... qui subtus notati videntur Ego Aethelredus Rex hoc privilegium c k Monasticon Anglican Vol. 1. inter adde 〈…〉 129. Beside these the Kings of England had several other seats within this County not to mention again that Woodstock was one or that old Alcester was the seat of Alectus such as Beaumont just without the suburbs of Oxford the Birth-place of the valiant King Richard the First Langley upon the edge of the Forest of Whichwood a seat as Tradition has deliver'd it down to us of the unhappy King John who perhaps during the time of his Residence here might indeed build the Castle of Bampton which also Tradition informs us was of his foundation And Ewelm built indeed by William De la Pool Duke of Suffolk who marrying Alice the daughter and heir of Thomas Chaucer had a fair Estate hereabout but after upon the attaindure of John Earl of Lincoln and Edmund his brother Grand-children to the Duke it came to the Crown in the days of King Henr. 7. and was afterward made an Honor by laying unto it the Manor of Wallengford and several others by King Hen. 8. All which houses are mark'd out in the Map by the addition of a small Imperial Crown placed somwhere near them 130. As all places that gave title to ancient Barons most of whose Families long since have been extinguish'd are mark'd with a Coronet such are 1. The Baronies by ancient Tenure which were certain Territories held of the King who still reserved the Tenure in chief to himself whereof the ancientest in this County were those of Oxford and St. Valeric the head of the latter being the Town of Hoke-Norton e Camd. Britan. in Com. Oxon. both given by the Conqueror to Robert D'Oyly who accompanied him out of Normandy f Monasticon Angl. vol. 2. p. 2. The Barony of Arsic belonging to Manasser Arsic who florish'd An. 1103. 3 Hen. 1. the head of which Barony was Coggs near Witney Summerton and Hardwick in this County being other members of it 3. The Barony of Hedindon now Heddington given the 25 of Henr. 2. to Thomas Basset in Fee-farm whose Son Gilbert the Founder of Bisseter Priory in the first year of Richard the First was one of the Barons that attended at the Coronation And these are all the Baronies of ancient Tenure that were heretofore in Oxford-shire 131. In the beginning of the Reign of King Edward the First there were several other able men summon'd as Barons to Parliament that had not such Lands of ancient Tenure as those above had which were therefore stiled Barons by Writs of Summons to Parliament The first of these in Oxford-shire was William de Huntercomb whose seat still remains by the same name in the Parish of Tuffield who was summoned to Parliament by the Kings Writ bearing date the 23 of Edw. 1. The second I find was Joh. Gray of Rotherfield whose Ancestors being of a younger House of Walter Grey Arch-Bishop of York had Rotherfield given them beside many other possessions by the said Arch-Bishop He was summoned first to Parliament the 25 of Edw. 1. 132. And so was thirdly his next Neighbor Ralph Pipard of the other Rotherfield in the same year of the same King their seats having now almost quite changed their names for those of their owners one of them seldom being called otherwise than Pipard or Pepper and the other Grays Also fourthly John Baron Lovel of Minster-Lovel whose ancestors though Barons by tenure many years before as seised of the Barony of Castle-Cary in Somerset-shire yet dis-possest of that I know not by what means received summons to Parliament whil'st seated here at Minster 25 of Edw. 1. 133. The fifth of these Barons was Hen. le Tyes who having a grant of Sherbourn here in Oxford-shire from Richard Earl of Cornwall temp Henr. 3. which Sherbourn had formerly been a part of the Barony of Robert de Druis was summoned to Parliament the 28 of Edw. 1. And so was sixthly John de la Mare of Garsington the very same year To which should be added the Barons by Letters Patents of Creation so first made about the 11 of Rich. 2. But of these whose Barony is now vacant there is only seventhly the Lord Williams solemnly created Lord Williams of Thame the first of April 1 Mariae who had also summons the same time to the Parliament then sitting but his Patent it seems was never enrolled 134. For this account of these Baronies I acknowledge my self beholding to that Learned Antiquary William Dugdale Esq Norroy King at Arms in whose elaborate Volumes of the Baronage of England the Reader may receive more satisfaction concerning them Yet beside these as the people will have it the Manor of Wilcot was the head of a Barony one of the Barons whereof as tradition tells them lies buryed under a fair Monument in North-Leigh Church But the Writings of the present Proprietor my worthy Friend Mr. Cary of Woodstock whom yet I found inclined to believe some such thing being at London whereby otherwise it possibly might have been proved and the testimony of the people being too weak an evidence to build upon I have rather chosen to forbear then add a Coronet to the place 135. Beside the Saxon and Danish Fortifications above-mentioned there are others here in Oxford-shire of a later date either quite rased or in a manner useless and some of them too known but to few wherefore I have thought fit to give this short account of them To pass by therefore the Castle of Oxford so well known to be built by Robert d'Oyly who came in with the Conqueror and the Castles of Bampton and Banbury spoken of before the first that presents it self to my consideration is the old Castle of Deddington formerly Dathington g Thomas de la Moor in Hist vitae mortis Edv. 2. in principio which I take to be ancient and the very place no question to which Aymer de Valence Earl of Pembroke brought Piers de Gaveston the great Favorite of King Edward the Second and there left him to the fury of the Earls of Lancaster Warwick and Hereford who carrying him to Warwick after some time