Empire it fell into the hands of the Saracens who in the seventh and eighth Century possessed most of the Islands in the Mediterranean Sea In 809. Pepin Father of Charles the Great recovered this Island out of their hands which after this was the subject of a long War between the States of Genoua and Pisa till at last Pope Boniface VIII granted it to James II. King of Arragon about 1296. who after many Wars obtained the quiet possession of it in 1326. or as Hoffman saith in 1409 Ever since it has been in that Family Frederick II. has also given it the Title of a Kingdom The Soil is very fruitful but the Air equally unhealthful or pestilential rather insomuch that the Common-wealth and the Emperours of the Romans banished such persons to this Island as they desired to have dead without Sword or Poyson The Rivers Cedro and Tirso divide it into two parts called the Cape de Lugodori and Cap de Cagliari for its sertility it was called the Nurse of Rome by Valerius Maximus yet those parts of the Island to the North and East are mountainous and barren The rest are Algher Castel Aragonese Bosa Ostagni Terra Nova Sacer and Iglesias A Vice-Roy for the King of Spain governs this Island Sardica See Sofia Sardis the ancient Metropolis of Lydia in the Lesser Asia Not to speak of its being the Capital of the Kingdom of the famous Gyges Cyrus we find took it in the fifty ninth Olympiad and with it submitted all Lydia to his Empire In the sixty ninth Olympiad about the year of Rome 250. Aristagoras with twenty Athenian Ships took and burnt it After this it was rebuilt and passed under the Empire of the Greeks In the year of Rome 540. Antiochus conquered it In S. John the Apostle's time it received Christianity but for its inconstancy therein became one of the Subjects of his Revelations and now utterly ruined It was a Bishops See Sarduni Planasia an Island on the Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Sare Sarvus a River of the Low-Countries called Sara by Venantius Fortunatus by the Germans die Saare by the French Sare it ariseth in Mount Vauge in the Borders of Lorain and Alsatia near the Town of Salme and running Northward it watereth Sareck Serwerdon S. Jean Sarsberg and a little above Trier from the South-East falls into the Moselle Sarepta an ancient City of Phoenicia in Syria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tyre Now called Sarafends or Saphet The Prophet Elias miraculously augmented the Widows Oyl and raised her dead Son to life at this place according to the History of the Old Testament Sargasso or Mar do Sargasso is that part of the Ocean which lies betwixt the Islands of Cape Verde the Canaries and the Continent of Africa so called by the Portugueze Sargathia the Asiatick Tartary a vast Country in Asia Sarisbury or Salisbury or New Sarum Sarisberia Sorviodunum Sarviodunum Severia is the principal City of Wiltshire seated in the North-West part of that County near the Borders of Hampshire and Dorsetshire upon the Rivers of Willey and Alan united into one Stream and falling presently into the Avon in such sort as that most of the Streets of this City have a Stream commodiously running through the midst of them This was anciently a Roman Town by the name of Sorbiodunum seated on a high Hill and therefore destitute of Water Kinrick King of the West Saxons was the first of that Race who possessed it after a Defeat of the Britains in 553. Canutus the Dane much damaged it by Fire in 1003. In the Reign of William the Conquerour it recovered after Herman Bishop of Shirburn had removed the See hither whose next Successor Osman built the Cathedral William the Conquerour summoned hither all the States of England to take an Oath of Allegiance to him Since those times the City is removed Northward and come down into the Plains nearer the Avon Here there was a second Cathedral begun by Richard Poore Bishop of this See in 1218. Finished by Bridport the third Bishop from Poore in 1258. which is one of the greatest and most beautiful Churches in England Having twelve Gates fifty two Windows three hundred sixty five Pillars great and small answering to the Months Weeks and Days of the year The glory of this Diocese was the most Learned and Industrious Bishop John Jewel consecrated Jan. 21. 1559. died Sept. 23. 1571. In 1153. Patrick d'Eureux was created Earl of Salisbury and his Son William succeeded in that Honour In 1â—97 William Long-espee a Natural Son to Henry II. by the beautiful Râ—samond marrying Ella the Daughter of William d' Eureux had this Honour In 1333. William d' Montacute King of Man became the fifth Earl whose Male Line in four Descents enjoyed the Honour till the year 1428. when it passed to Richard Nevil who married Eleanor the Daughter of Thomas Montacute Lord Chancellour In 1472. George Duke of Clarence second Brother to Edward IV. had it in Marriage with Isabel Daughter of Richard Nevil the second Earl of that Line In 1477. Edward eldest Son of Richard III. married Ann the second Daughter of the said Richard and had this Honour In 1514. Margaret Daughter of George Duke of Clarence was by Henry VIII created Countess of Salisbury In 1605. Robert Lord Cecil was by James I. created Earl of Salisbury in which Line it still is Sarlat Sarlatum a City of Aquitain in France in the Province of Perigort which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon a River of the same Name one League from the Dordonne betwixt the Dordogne and the Vezere as it were in an Island eight from Perigueux to the South-East and thirty from Bourdeaux to the North-East Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1317. by the change of its ancient Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral having before been a part of the Diocese of Perigueux It is so strongly situated as to withstand two Sieges in the Civil Wars in 1652. Sarmatia and Sauromatia This vast Region in ancient Geography was divided into Sarmatia Asiatica Europaea and Germanica Sarmatia Asiatica lay properly towards the Borders of Europe and Asia with the Northern Ocean to the North the Pontus Euxinus to the South Scythia to the East and Sarmatia Europaea to the West now contained in the Northern Muscovia in the Provinces of Samoyeda Duina Permski Lucomeria c. Sarmatia Europea had for Bounds both the other Sarmatia's with the Euxine Sea making now Russia And Sarmatia Germanica took up the greatest part of the present Kingdom of Poland being divided from the European Sarmatia by the Nieper to the East from the Borders of Germany by the Vistula to the West from Dacia by the Neister and the Carpathian Mountains to the South with the Baltick Sea and the Gulph of Finland to the North. Sarnagans Sarnagan Sargans Serlandt a Town and County in Switzerland subject to the seven
Course piece of Cloth with a fine List Besides the Thames here is the VVay the Mole and the Wandle whose head springs from Croydon all emptying themselves in the Thames It has many Noble and Princely Houses but few Towns or Places of any considerable greatness the Principal Town in it being Kingston upon Thames The Regni an old British Tribe were the first Inhabitants of this County In the times of the Saxon Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the South Saxons The first Earl of it was VVill. de VVarren Created by VVilliam the Conqueror in 1067. VVilliam the third of this Line succeeded in 1135. who was followed by VVilliam de Blois Son of King Stephen first Husband of Isabel de VVarren in 1148. and by Hameline Plantagenet base Son of George Earl of Anjou half Brother to Edward III. second Husband of the said Isabel in 1163. His Posterity enjoyed it in four descents till 1347 when the Male Line failing Richard Fitz Alan Lord Treasurer was Earl of Surrey In 1398. Thomas Holland was Earl of Kent and Duke of Surrey afterwards Beheaded Thomas Fitz Alan Son of the former Richard died Earl of Surrey in 1414. In 1451 John Lord Mowbray was Created Earl of VVarren and Surrey and after Duke of Norfolk In 1475. Richard a second Son of Edward IV. was the thirteenth Earl of Surrey In 1483. Thomas L. Howard L. Treasurer after Duke of Norfolk was Created Earl of Surrey in which Family it is at this day Surunga a City and Kingdom in Japan in the Island of Niphon Sus Susa or Susum a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa so called from a River of the same Name It is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Morocco on the East by Darha on the South by Tesseta and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean Divided into seven Provinces the principal Cities in it are Tarudant the Regal City Teseut and Sancta Cruz. This is a pleasant rich fruitful Kingdom yields Wine Grain Fruits Pasturage Indico Alum c. has a great Quantity of Gold which is a perpetual cause of War amongst them and many Castles and Villages well fortified by the Natives since the Portuguese abandoned this Country in the last Century Now subject to the Kingdom of Fez tho it has been a distinct Kingdom and the Inhabitants are for the most part Mahometans and some of the best Soldiers in Africa Susa one of the principal Cities in the Principality of Piedmont upon the Doria at the foot of the Cottian Alps which separate Piedmons from Dauphine and the Capital of a Marquisaâ—e of its own Name belonging to the Duke of Savoy but taken by the French Forces under Monsieur Cattinat November 1690. Nineteen Miles from Pignerol The French call it Suse This City shews an Inscription upon a Triumphal Arch from which Learned Men conclude that the Emperor Augustus erected his Trophy hereabouts for the Conquest of the Alpine Nations in the year of Rome 740 fourteen Years before our Saviour For tho others place that Trophy about the Foot of le Col de Tende or the Maritime Alpes near Nice and Monaco from a part of the words Gentes Alpinae Devictae seen there upon a Fragment of a stone yet these two Opinions are reconcilable by supposing that Augustus set up this Trophy at the foot of both the Maritime and Cottian Alpes for the greater glory § Susa was also the Capital of the ancient Country Susiana in Asia at the entrance of a spacious Plain which the River Choaspes watered The Kings of Persia used to pass the Spring at it Darius repaired it says Pliny Alexander the Great took it It is now in a flourishing state if the same Souster See Souster Susdal Susdalia a City of Muscovy the Capital of a Province of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rostow It stands eighty Miles from Moscow to the South-East and one hundred and thirty from Novogorod Nisi to the North-West Susiana an ancient Country of Asia betwixt Syria Persia and Chaldaea whereof Susa was the Capital City and Melitene one considerable Province It had the honour to be a Kingdom which after the death of Abradatus King of Susiana submitted to the power of Cyrus Sussex Sussexia one of the Southern Counties of England Bounded on the North by Surrey and Kent on the East by Kent on the South by the British Sea and on the West by Hampshire It s Length from East to West is sixty Miles the broadest part from North to South not above twenty and its Circumference about one hundred and fifty wherein are contained one hundred and twelve Parishes with eighteen Market Towns The Air is good but subject to great Fogs and Mists out of the neighbour Sea which recompenceth this Inconvenience with plenty of Fish and Fowl There are few Harbors upon this Coast the Soil is rich and fruitful but the Roads miry and unpleasant the Middle of the Country has excellent Meadows the Sea-coasts are Hilly but afford plenty of Corn and Grass the North-side full of Woods and Groves The principal River is Arun. The chief City in it is Chichester which is a Bishop's See the next to it Lewes The Regni were the ancient Inhabitants of this County who were subdued by Aulus Plautius in the reign of Claudius the Roman Emperor In 478 Ella erected here the Kingdom of the South-Saxons from whence this County has its Name The first Earl of it was William de Albeney Earl of Arundel who married Adelizia the Relict of Henry I in 1178. He was succeeded by VVilliam his Son it continued in this Family for five Descents In 1243 John Plantagenet Earl of Surrey succeeded In 1305 John a Son of the former followed In 1529 Robert Ratcliffe was Created by Henry VIII Earl of Sussex whose Posterity enjoyed this Honor six Descents In 1644 Thomas Lord Savil was Created the fourteenth Earl of Sussex whose Son succeeded and in him that Family ended This Honor in 1674 was conferred upon Thomas Leonard Lord Dacres who married Anne Fitz-Roy eldest Daughter to the Duchess of Cleavland by Charles II. Sutherland Sutherlandia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the North by Caithness and Strathnavern on the West by Assint on the South by Rosâ— and on the East by the German Ocean The principal Town in it is Dornock Sutri Sutrium Colonia Julia Sutrina a City in the States of the Church in S. Peters Patrimony upon the River Pozzolo which is a Bishops See but for ever united to the See of Nepi from whence it stands four Miles to the West and twenty four from Rome to the South-West It is little and incompassed with Rocks on all sides Livy says of it that Camillus when it had revolted against the Romans went with an Army to reduce it In the year of Christ 1046. the Emperor Henry III. assembled a Council here which deposed Pope Gregory VI. who had intruded into the Roman
England Bounded on the North with the German Ocean on the East in part by the same Ocean in part by Suffolk on the South by the Rivers of VVaveney and the little Ouse which part it from Suffolk on the West with the great Ouse and towards Lincolnshire with that part of the Nene which passeth from VVisbich to the Washes It containeth in length from Yarmouth to VVisbich fifty Miles in breadth from Thetford to VVells thirty in circuit about two hundred and forty The Southern parts which are Wood Lands are fruitfull the Northern or Champain barren and dry In the whole are six hundred and sixty Parishes and thirty one Market Towns and besides the VVaveney and the Ouse watered by the Rivers Yare and Thryn It s Capital City Norwich The largest County next to Yorkshire in England and surpassing even Yorkshire in populousness In the time of the Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Angles The first Earl of Norfolk was Ralph de VVaet Created in the Year 1075. After whom succeeded the Bigots from 1135 to 1270 in six Descents In 1313 Tho. de Brotherton a Son of Edward I. was made Earl of Norfolk Margaret his Daughter in 1398 was made Duchess whose Son Thomas Mowbray and his Descendents continued the Honor to the Year 1461. In 1475 Richard Duke of York was made Duke of Norfolk In 1483 John Lord Howard was vested with the same Honor in whose Family it now is Henry the present Duke of Norfolk being the ninth Duke of this Race Norimburgh See Nurenberg Norin a fort of Dalmatia betwixt the River Narenta and the branch thereof called Norin which returns into the bed of the Narenta again Under the Venetians Norkoping Norcopia a small City in Sweden between two Lakes five Miles from the Baltick Sea in the Province of Ostrogothia by the River Motala ten Miles from the Lake Veter East Normandy Neustria Normannia is a great and fruitful Province in France which has the Title of a Dukedom It has this name from the Normans who under Rollo their first Duke setled here in the time of Charles the Simple King of France Bounded on the North and West by the British Sea on the East by Picardy on the South by le Perche and le Maine It lies sixty six Leagues from East to West and from North to South about thirty the principal City in it is Roan or Roiien This Province is divided into twelve Counties but more usually into the Upper and Lower Normandy the former containing the Bailywicks of Roiien Eureux Caux and Gisors the other those of Alenzon Caen and Constantin It s principal Rivers are the Seine Eure Risle Dive Soule Ouve c. A cold Climate plentiful in Corn Cattel and Fruits but generally wanting Wine It yields some Mines of Iron and Brass together with Medicinal Waters Is better inhabited by Gentry than almost any other Province of France and reckons above a hundred Cities and a hundred and fifty great Towns standing in it Rollo the first Duke under whom the Normans besieged Paris three times obtained that Title in 912. from Charles the Simple who gave his Daughter in Marriage to him upon condition to hold Normandy in homage to the Crown William the base Son of Robert the sixth Duke Conquered England in 1066 by which means it was United to the Crown of England till 1202 when King John was outed of it Henry V. about 1420. reconquered this Duchy His Son lost it again about 1450. ever since which time it has been annexed to the Crown of France De Noort Caep Rubaea Rubeae Promontorium is the most Northern Point of Finmark and indeed of all Europe § There is a Cape of the same Name in Guiana in South America Nortgow Nortgovia a Province of Germany between Bohemia to the East the Danube to the East and South which parts it from Bavaria Schwaben and Franconia to the West and Voigtland to the North. The Capital of it is Norimburg This name in the German Tongue signifies the North Country It was the Seat of the antient People Nariscâ— North-Allerton A Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire near the Stream Wisk which falls into the Swale The Capital of its Hundred Northamptonshire Northantonia is seated almost in the midst of England on the North it is parted from Lincolnshire by the River Weland on the East from Huntington by the Nene on the South it has Buckingham and Oxford and on the West Warwickshire separated by Watlingstreet a Roman way From North to South it is forty six Miles in length but not full twenty in breadth where broadest In the whole there are three hundred twenty six Parishes and thirteen Market Towns The Rivers Nen and VVeland have their rise in this County together with the Ouse The Air is temperate the Soil rich fruitful champain full of People The chief Town is Northampton pleasantly seated on the Bank of the River Nen where two Rivulets from the North and South fall into it which for its Circuit Beauty and Buildings may be compared with most of the Cities of England It was burnt by the Danes In the Wars in King John's time it suffered much from the Barons Near this City in 1460. Henry VI. was overthrown and first taken Prisoner by Edward IV. In 1261 the Students of Cambridge are said to have removed hither by the King's Warrant with Intentions to have setled the University here In the Reign of King Charles II. Sept. 1675. it was totally destroyed by Fire but by the favour of that gracious Prince and the chearful Contributions of good People soon rebuilt Long. 19. 40. Lat. 52. 36. To omit the more ancient Families VVilliam Lord Compton was created Earl of Northampton by King James I. in 1618. The present Earl George is the fourth of this Noble Family Northausen Northusia an Imperial Free City of Germany in Thuringia upon the River Zorge between Erford to the South and Halberstad to the North eight German Miles from either This City is under the Protection of the Elector of Saxony and said to have been built by Meroveus I. King of the Franks in the Year of Christ 447. The North Foreland Cantium a Cape of the Isle of Thaâ—â—â—â— in Kent famous for a Sea Fight between the English and the Dutch in 1666. When the brave Duke of Albemarle with only two Squadrons of the English Fleet maintained a Fight against the whole Dutch Fleet of an hundred Sail two days together Prince Rupert coming up in the Evening of the second day the English fell again the third on the Dutch Fleet and beat them home which all things considered was the most wonderful Naval Fight that ever was fought upon the Ocean Northumberland Northumbria is parted on the South by the Derwent and the Tyne from the Bishoprick of Durham on the East it has the German Ocean on the North Scotland on the West Scotland and Cumberland it has the form of a Triangle
a Bridge in the Borders of Huntington Cambridge and Lincolnshires five Miles from Crowland to the West This place sprung up out of a Monastery here built and dedicated to S. Peter by Penda the first Christian King of the Mercians about 546. Wolpher his Successor finished it in 633. In 867. it was destroyed by the Danes In 960. Ethelwold Bishop of Winchester began to rebuild it with the assistance of King Edgar and Adulph the Chancellor In the Reign of William the Conquerour it was plundered by Herward a Saxon but it recovered in after-times When Henry VIII dissolved this House there belonged to it a Revenue of one thousand nine hundred seventy and two Pounds the year This Prince in 1541. founded a Bishoprick in this Monastery and annexed to it a Dean and six Prebends John Chambers the last Abbot becoming the first Bishop from whom the present is the thirteenth Charles I. of Blessed Memory added another Honour to this place when in 1627. he created John Lord Mordant Baron of Turvy Earl of Peterborough In which Family that Honour now is See the Antiquities of this Church published by Dr. Patrick Before it took the name of Peterburgh or Peterborough from the dedication of its Monastery to S. Peter this Town was called Medanshede Peteril Petriana a River in Cumberland which riseth five Miles from Keswick to the North-East and by Penreth and Hesket falls into the Eden above Carlisle Petersfield a Market-Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Finchdean priviledged with the Election of two Parliament-Men The Lady Louisa de Querouaille Dutchess of Portsmouth bears the Title of Baroness of Petersfield by the Creation of King Charles II. 1673. Petherton North and South two Market-Towns in Somersetshire the Capitals of their Hundred The last is situated upon the Bank of the River Parret Petigliano Petilianum a fortified strong Town in the Borders of the Ecclesiastical State and the Dukedom of Florence five Miles from Savona to the East and thirty from Orbitello This is the Capital of a Sovereign County or Earldom belonging heretofore to the Family of Sforza but lately purchased by the Great Duke of Tuscany in whose Territories it lay Petra or Petra Deserti Cyriacopolis Mons Regalis a City of the Stony Arabia which was of old the Capital of the Kingdom of Ammon and called Rabbah Taken by King David in revenge of the Injuries offered to his Embassadours In the times of Christianity it became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem at this day called by the Arabians Krach and Kelaggeber Long. 66. 45. Lat. 30. 20. Petras Pelius Pelion a Mountain in Thessalia-Dicearchus Siculus one of the Scholars of Aristotle found this Mountain to be the highest in Thessalia by 1250 Paces as Pliny saith Petrina a strong Castle in Croatia seated upon a River of the same name which there falls into the Kulp eight Miles from Zagarab or Agram a Town of Sclavonia This was once in the Hands of the Turks but retaken by the Germans and now in the Possession of the Emperor Petrikow or Pietrikow Paterkau Peotrkow and Petrilow Petricovia a Town in the Palatinate of Sirackie in the Greater Poland two German Miles from the River Pilcza four from the Confines of the Lesser Poland and twelve from Sirackz to the East It is a neat populous Town seated in a Morass often honored with the Diets of Poland but in 1640. almost entirely burnt down by a Fire The Kings of Poland had formerly a Palace Royal near it which also happened to be burnt There have been upon several Occasions Councils of the Clergy celebrated here Petro-Waradin Acuminium Petro Varadinum a Town in Sclavonia called by the Inhabitants Petro War by the Germans Peter Wardein It stands upon the Danube between the Save and the Drave six Hungarian Miles from Belgrade to the North-West and about twelve from Esseck to the South This Place has been very famous during the present War The Turks made it their common Passage into the Upper Hungary after Buda fell into the Hands of the Emperor and to that end maintained a Bridge of Boats over the Danube The Revolt and Mutiny against the Prime Visier after the Battel of Mohatz of the Turkish Army whereby that General in 1687. was forced to fly for his life to Belgrade and afterwards to Constantinople upon which followed the Desertion of Esseck Possega and Walcowar happened here It has been since taken and abandoned by both sides The Imperialists blew up its Fortifications in 1688. and the Turks afterwards quite burnt it down Petschen the same with Quinque Ecclesiae Pettaw Petavium Petovia a City and Roman Colony of Pannonia mentioned by Tacitus and many other ancient Historians now called by the Germans Pettaw and made a part of Stiria upon the Drave in the Borders of Sclavonia under the Dominion of the Archbishop of Saltzburgh whereas it was once a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lorch It stands nine Miles from Cilley to the North and as many from Gratz to the North-East and Canisca to the West Petworth a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Arundel Rape pleasantly situated near two Parks by the River Arun and further remarkable for a noble Seat belonging formerly to the Earls of Northumberland now by Marriage to the Duke of Somerset Petz the same with Vienna Petzorcke Petzora a Province in the North of Moscovy towards the Frozen Ocean The principal Town and River is of the fame name The River falls into the White Sea by six great mouths between Pustejezero a Town and Castle and Ziemnoipoias a Ridge of Mountains which name signifies in the Russ Language the Girdle of the World Pevensey for shortness called vulgarly Pensey is a Town in the County of Sussex which denominates a Rape there But deserving to be mentioned upon another and a higher account for this was the very Harbour where William the Conqueror landed from Normandy with his Fleet of 896 Sail. Pezln See Peneus a River of Thessalia Pfaltz the German name of the Palatinate of the Rhine Pfaltzbourg Phalseburgum a Town in Lorain in the Borders of the Lower Alsatia at the foot of Mount Vauge by the River Zinzel Which name signifies the Palatinate Castle having heretofore been under the Palatinate Princes of Velden of whom it was purchased by the Dukes of Lorain it is now a Principality very well fortified by the King of France in whose hands it is It stands seven Leagues from Strasburgh and sixteen from Nancy Pfeullendorft a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Hegow upon the Lake of Zell betwixt Constance and Tubingen It is an Imperial City Pfirt or Ferrette one of the principal Cities in the Province of Suntgaw in Germany under the King of France Three Leagues from Mulhausen Pfortsheim Phorcena Phortzemum a small City in the Marquisate of Baden upon the River Entz where it takes in the Nagold Two Miles from Durlach seven from
Barkstow upon a small stream falling into the VVarfe and the Ouse at the place of their Conjunction This Town is noted for the Stone-quarries near it well inhabited and provided with a Free-School Shoreham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape by the Sea side Shrewsbury Salopia the principal City in Shropshire is seated upon the Severne on the top of an Hill of Red Earth in the middle of that County The River runs almost round the Town and is covered by two lovely Bridges Roger of Montgomery in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror built on the North side of it a strong Castle which added much to its strength he founded a stately Abbey in it whose remains are extant still It was then a very considerable Place Nor is it after so many Ages sunk in its Wealth Riches or People but still a goodly City and the Centre of the Trade between VVales and England Near this City in 1463 was a sharp Battel fought between Henry IV. and Henry Percie Earl of Northumberland on the behalf of Edward Mortimer Earl of March as the right Heir of the Crown of England after Richard II. In 1067 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel was by the Conqueror created Earl of Shrewsbury His Posterity enjoyed it till 1102 in three descents and then were divested of it In 1442 John Talbot Marshal of France a Person of great Worth and Conduct and the terror of France was by Henry VI made Earl of this City which Honour is enjoyed by his Posterity to this day Charles Talbot the twelfth of this Line succeding in 1667. Shrewsbury contains now five Parish Churches denominates a Lath is encompassed with a strong Wall with a Bulwark that ranges from the Castle to the Severn and is represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses First supposed to have taken its rise from the ruines of the ancient Vriconium which stood not far from it Shropshire Salopia is bounded on the North by the County Palatine of Chester on the East by Staffordshire on the South by Worcester Hereford and Radnorshires on the West by Montgomery and Denbigh It s length from North to South is thirty four its breadth from East to West twenty five and the circuit about one hundred thirty four English Miles wherein lye one hundred and seventy Parishes and fifteen Market Towns The Air of it is gentle and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful abounding in Wheat Barley Pit-Coals Iron and Wood. The Severne which is the second River of England divides this County almost in the middle receiving into it the Camlet the Morda the Mele the Roddon the Terne the VVorse and some others on the South it has the Temde which receives the Bradfield Onke Omey Quenny Stradbrook Corve Ledwich and Rea all which and some other Rivers water and enrich the South part of this County so that it may very well be one of the most fruitful and best peopled Counties in England The Principal City is Shrewsbury Siam a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the Further East Indies The Kingdom is bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava on the East Cambaya Lao Jancoma and Tangu on the South the Bay of its own Name and on the West by the Bay of Bengale making by this form of its situation a Demicircle of about four hundred and fifty Leagues Some assign it a far greater extent and bound it by Pegu and Lao on the North the Chinian and Indian Oceans to the East and West with the Kingdom of Malaca to the South And this way it makes a great Peninsula It is certain the King of Siam keeps several other Kingdoms and Principalities tributary to him and his Country being blessed with a good Air a fertile Soil Mines of Lead Tin Silver and Gold tho of a base Alloy with store of Ivory and being visited continually by Vessels from Japan China Cochinchina Tonquin the Sound and the Philippine Islands from all parts of the Hither East Indies and from Arabia Persia and the Kingdoms of Europe it affords the enjoyment of every thing almost that is valuable Whilst the Sun is in the Northern Signs from March to September the Fields are generally overflown by the Rivers which much contributes to the fertility of them for the Ear of the Rice mounts above the height of the Waters The King of Siam was Master heretofore of Malaca see Malaca Of late himself became a Tributary to the King of Pegu see Pegu. But he is very absolute over and served with the profoundest Adoration by his own Subjects The English French and Dutch have each their Factories in this Kingdom The Portuguese and Armenians Moors and Chinese settle here in great Numbers being allowed dwellings in the City Siam by a Favour not made common to all Nations Siam the City stands in an Island that is formed by the River Menan surpassing in the richness of its Temples most of the proudest Cities in the Indies and its Palace Royal where the King resides built by the River side is of an extent sufficient to denominate a City of it self In 1634 the Dutch built themselves a House in Siam whichâ—is one of the best belonging to their Company in these Indies Siangyang Siangyanum a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China The Capital over six other Cities Siara a small City in Brasil upon the North Sea which is the Capital of a Province has a large safe Haven and a Castle but not very populous Under the Portuguese 〈◊〉 a Kingdom under the Great Mogul in the East-Indies towards the Fountains of Ganges and Mount Caucasus betwixt Naugracut and Pitane Siben Sabiona now a Castle only but formerly a City in the County of Tirol and a Bishop's See It is seated upon the River Eysock ten Miles from Brixia whither the Brishoprick is removed to the South-West Siberia a Province of great extent under the Crown of Muscovy towards the river Obb in the Desart Tartary between the Provinces of Condora Legomoria and Permia Some few years since first discovered all covered with uninhabited Woods Marshes and desolate Countries having only a few Inhabitants which have a particular Language of their own and not the use of Bread The Moscovites have of late built the Cities Tobolsk upon the River Yâ—â—im and Siber on the Obb here and united both in one Archbishoprick At the former the Vice Duke under the Grand Duke of Moscovy resides he commands over both Siberia and Samoyeda They have also set up Churches in divers places for the Moscovian Christians Sicambri a People of the ancient Germany placed by most about the now Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands betwixt the Maes and the Rhine By others upon the banks of the Mayne Strabo calls them Sugambri Ptolemy Synganbri The Bructeri were a part of their Dependents Sichem an ancient City of the Territory of Samaria in Palestine in the
others over which are reckoned in all twenty four Stone-bridges Here is plenty of Lime Marble Timber Stone for building and game with some Alabaster and Salt-springs The Air is good and very healthful cold especially towards the North in which part the Earth also is barren The middle is more level but full of Woods The South is fruitful producing Corn and Grass in abundance Coals and Mines of Iron And so great formerly was the number of Parks and Warrens in this County that most Gentlemens Seats were attended by both This County takes its name from Stafford the principal Town in it anciently called Betheny Built by Edward the Elder Incorporated by King John on the East and South walled Trenched by its own Barons the other two sides being secured by a Lake of Water the River Sowe runs on the East and West of the Town and is covered with a Bridge It hath two Parish Churches a Free-school and many good Buildings Edward VI. confirmed and enlarged their Charter It s Long is 18. 40. Lat. 53. 20. In the year 1357 one Ralph was created the first Earl of Stafford whose Posterity in twelve Descents enjoyed that Honor to the year 1639 when it was finally extinguished in the Person of Henry Stafford In 1640 Charles I. revived this Honour by conferring it upon Sir William Howard Knight of the Bath second Son of Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey who was then married to one of the Daughters of the last Earl of Stafford He was Beheaded Dec. 7. 1680. in the Reign of K. Charles II. But the Title revived under K. James II. in Henry his Son the present Earl of Stafford See the Natural History of this County written by Dr. Robert Ploâ—t with the same extraordinary Art and Elaborateness which is peculiar to him Stagira an ancient Town famous for being the Native place of the Philosopher Aristotle thence entituled Stagirita in the Kingdom of Macedonia called afterwards Liba Nova by some and yet said to be extant Stagno Stagnum a small City in Dalmatia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza from which it stands thirty Miles to the North upon the Adriatick which affords it the Convenience of an Harbour This Town belongs to the Republick of Ragusa Stainmore-Hill an exceeding Stony Hill as the Northern use of the word Stain signifies in the County of Westmorland Remarkable for a Stone-Cross said anciently to have been erected for a Boundary betwixt the Kingdoms of England and Scotland upon a Peace concluded betwixt William the Conqueror and Malcholm King of Scotland The Arms of England were displayed upon the South-side of it and those of Scotland on the North. Stalemura Anemurium a City in Cilicia upon the Mediterranean Sea called by others Anemâ—ra a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia between Antioch to the West and Celendris now Palapoly to the East about forty four Miles from Cape Cormachiti in the North of the Isle of Cyprus to the North. Mela placeth it in the Borders of Pamphylia and Cilicia Long. 65. 10. Lat. 36. 50. Stalimene Lemnos a considerable Island in the Archipelago called by the Inhabitants Stilemnos It is one hundred and sixty Miles in compass At first under the Venetians but since conquered by Mahomet II. Fifty Miles from Agionoros or the Coast of Macedonia to the East It hath a considerable City of its own name produces good Wine and is well Cultivated Famous for a Red Earth called from it Terra Lemnia and Sigillata by which the Ottoman Port reaps a considerable revenue Stamboli the Turkish Name of Constantinople Stametz Stametia a small City in Gothland a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal but now become a poor Village Stampalia a considerable Island in the Archipelago towards the Sea of Scarpanto called anciently Astypalaea and placed by Strabo in the number of the Sporades It hath a City of its own name now as before when a Temple of great fame throughout Greece adorned it which was consecrated to the honour of Apollo The principal Church is dedicated to S. George and served with the Greek rites under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Bishop of Siphanto who some part of the year resides at it To the City belongs a Castle for its security planted upon a Mountain upon the Frontispiece of which the Arms of Venice France and Thuscany appear displayed This City is the sole settlement in the Island being tho of a fruitful Soil much in want of fresh Water Stanes a large well inhabited and frequented Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing with a Bridge over a River leading into Surrey Stanford Stamford Durobrivae a Town of Lincolnshire in Kesteven division of good Antiquity upon the River VVelland on the Borders of Northampton and Rutland with a part in each but the chiefest in Lincolnshire which is great and well peopled having about seven Parish Churches and several Bridges over the River being expanded on both its sides The Roman High Dike or Way leadeth to the North from this Town The Houses are built of Free-stone the Streets fair and large and begirt with a Wall It hath the honour to be a Corporation represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses And in its Neighbourhood stands a stately Seat and Park of the Earl of Exeter called Burleigh House In the Reign of Edward III. part of the Students of Oxford upon a quarrel between the Southern and Northern Men settled for some time in this Town who erected a College here its Ruins are yet remaining and would not return to Oxford till compelled by a Proclamation whence arose that Statute of the University enjoyning every one by Oath at the taking of Batchelors Degree not to profess Philosophy at Stamford In 1628 Henry Lord Grey of Grooby was created Earl of Stamford and succeeded by Thomas his Grandchild in 1673. Stanhope Stainthorp or Staindrop a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon a rivulet running into the Tees Market-Stanton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Gartree Stargard Vrbs Vetus a City of Holstein Long. 33. 10. Lat. 55. 06. Stargart Stargardia a City of Germany in the Further Pomerania the Capital of which it is upon the River Ihna under the Elector of Brandenburgh five German Miles from Stetin to the East It is a Hanse Town but not well peopled Long. 37. 40. Lat. 53. 23. Staten-Eylandt a small Rocky Island discovered by the Dutch in 1594. to the East of Weigat's Streights near that Coast of Moscovy called by them New Holland Not above one League long and two in Circuit Some pieces of fine clear Chrystal were found about the Rocks The Dutch gave it this Name to signifie an Island of their States Stavelo Stable Stabulum a Monastery in the Diocese of Vtrecht between the Archbishoprick of Triers and the Low-Countries three German Miles from Limburgh to the South There belongs to the
and in 1546. kept in it a Chapter of the Order of the Golden Fleece It had then 4 Collegiate Churches divers Abbeys and Ecclesiastical Houses But in 1577. they with the rest of Holland revolted from the Spaniards In 1559. it had been advanced to an Archbishoprick by Pope Paul IV. and nine Suffragan Bishops assigned to this See which was one of the occasions of the Revolt In 1636. it was made an University and in 1672. it fell for a short time into the hands of the French but is since returned to its former liberty the Learned Dr. Brown has given a short account of the present State of this City in his Travels Pag. 101. Long. 26. 26. Lat. 52. 10. The State of Vtretcht Sticht van Utretcht is the fifth of the Vnited Provinces Bounded South West and North with Holland and on the East by Guelderland Besides its Capital it has Wick the Seat of the Bishops Duerstede Rhenen Amersford and Monfort which are fortified strong places and about sixty great Villages Uulxin the same with Veuxin Uxbridge a large Market Town in the Coun. of Middlesex in the Hundr of Elt horn upon the River Coln Uzerche Vsarcha Vsarchia a Town in the Lower Limosin in Aquitain in France upon the River Vezere adorned with an Abbey and a Castle The Abbot is Lord of the Town Uzes Vcetia Vtica Vzetia Castrum Vseticense a City of the Lower Languedoc in France upon the River Eisent which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne and honored with the Title of a Dukedom by King Charles VI. after it had born the Titles first of both a Barony and a Viscounty The Bishop enjoys the Honor to be a Count and joynt Lord of the place with the King Therefore it hath three Castles for the King the Duke and the Bishop A rich populous and well traded City John de S. Gelais its Bishop in the last Age embraced the Reformed Religion and married an Abbess 't is said he abjured it again before his death and was buried in the Abbey of S. Maixant In 1635. there was a Synod held here It stands 3 Leagues from Nismes to the North and 6 from Avignon to the West Long. 25. 10. Lat. 43. 36. Vzeste a Castle in the Territory of Bazadois in Guyenne in France betwixt Bourdeaux and Bazas Remarkable for the Tomb of Pope Clement V. sometime Archbishop of Bourdeaux who was born at Villandrand a Village one League from this Castle died at the Castle of Roque-Maure two Leagues from Avignon in 1314 and was interred here in 1316. WA WAad Vaudum a Territory in Switzerland called by the French Le Pais de Vaud which was a part of the Dutchy of Savoy till 1536. and now subject to the Canton of Berne It is bounded on the South by the Lake of Lemane on the West by Gex and the Franche Comte on the East by Berne on the North in part by Berne and in part by Friburgh The Capital of it is Lausanne The other good Towns are Avenches or W 〈…〉 purg Yverdon Mouldon and Nyon It is sometimes written Vault Wadstein a Town in the Province of Ostrogothia in Sweden Die Wael Helium Vahalis Vacalos the middle Branch of the Rhine which divides from it at Schencken a Fort beneath Emmeren and watering Nimmeguen Tiel and Bommel falls into the Maes above Gorcum a City of Holland Waga Vagus a River in Scandia Wageren Wagria or Wagerlandt a small Territory in Holland towards the Baltick Sea between Lubeck to the South and Kâ—el to the North. The Cities of it are Lubeck Oldesto Pâ—oen Segeberg and Oldenburg which are divided between the King of Denmark the Dukes of Holstein and the Bishop of Lubeck Wainfleet or Waynfleet a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the division of Lindsey and the Hundred of Chandleshow upon a Wash in a fenny gound which empties it self into the Sea not far from hence Made famous by giving Name and Birth to William of Waynfleet Bishop of Winchester the Founder of Magdalen College in Oxon and of a Free-School in this Town Wakefield a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Agbridge upon the River Calder here covered with a fair Stone Bridge which King Edward IV. adorned with a â—â—â—ely Chappel It is a large Town well built of Stone of good Antiquity and drives the Cloathing Trade Walachia Valachia a considerable Province of the Kingdom of Hungary called by the Germans Walachey by the Turks Iâ—â—akia and by the Poles Wolochy It is a part of the antient Dacia and stands now divided into the Provinces of Walachia and Moldavia of the latter I have spoken in its proper place The former is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Poland and Red-Russia on the East by Bessarabia on the South by Bulgaria separated from it by the Danube and by Moldavia which last also bounds it to the West It is much less than the Maps commonly make it also commonly misplaced and set where Moldavia should stand The History of it is delivered in Moldavia To which I shall only add here that after Mahomet IV. Emperor of the Turks was deposed and Solyman his Brother set up in his stead and that the Duke of Lorain had seized Transylvania the Prince and States of Walachia in 1687. and 88. rendered themselves under the Emperor's Protection upon condition That the Succession in the Government of that Principality shall be continued to the Heirs Male of the present Prince and the States be preserved in the Possession of their just Rights and Privileges paying to the Emperor the Annual Tribute of 50000 Crowns This Country extends from East to West 90 French Leagues from North to South 50 in form Triangular The Plains would be very fruitful if they were well cultivated but being little peopled much ravaged by the Turks and Tartars and lying in common they are over-run with Weeds for here is little or no Wood. The Mountains have rich Mines but they are as much neglected their Religion is that of the Greek Church The present Valvode is Matthis George Gista set up in 1658. by the late Sultan of the Turks Walcheten Valacria one of the Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which compose the Province of Zeland in the Vnited Netherlands It s Capital City is Middleburgh New Walcheren the same with Tabago Waldeck Valdecum a County in Hassia between Westphalia to the West Hassia to the East and South and Paderborne to the North under a Count of its own yielding Wine Corn and several sorts of Mines The principal places in it are Curback and Waldeck which last stands upon the Eder 5 German Miles from Cassel to the West and 7 from Marpurg to the North. Walden a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Vttlesford upon an Eminence likewise called Saffron-Walden from its situation amongst pleasant and profitable Fields of Saffron Walderswick a Sea Town in the County of Saffolk and
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
Gates of Geneva Gold is found amongst its Sands Arundale Aruntina Vallis a Corporation in Sussex upon the River Arun in which there is a Castle a stately place strong by Art and Nature The Name State and Dignity of Earl belongs to whoever is possessed of this Mannor and Castle without any other Consideration or Creation to be an Earl as Mr Camden acquaints us out of the Parliament Rolls of the 11. H. VI. This Castle stands 9 Miles East of Chichester and the Fee is in the Hands of the most Noble Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal of England by Inheritance granted by Charles II. in 1672. to the Father of this present Duke who is the Eldest Duke Earl and Baron in England and the first Protestant of this Noble and Illustrious Branch The marmora Arundeliana have made this name universally known amongst the Ingenious of all parts The Corporation sends Two Burgesses to the Parliament Arzilla Zilia Azella a maritime Town in the Province of Hasbata in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Atlantique Ocean well fortified Alphonsus V. King of Portugal surnamed Africanus took it in 1471. The King of Fez besieged it in 1508. without Victory Afterwards the Portuguese abandon'd it Arzeron Aziris a City of Armenia upon the Euphrates the Turkish Viceroy of which has under him 17 subordinate Governors Asasi a Town in the Kingdom of Marocco Asaph Elâ—â—a Asaphopolis a Town and Bishops See in Flintshire in Wales this Bishoprick was erected by Kentigern Bishop of Glascow in Scotland in the year 560. He returning afterwards into Scotland made Asaph a holy Man Bishop of this place from whom it has its Name There is in this Diocese 128 Parishes The Town is mean as well as the Church and it stands upon the River Cluyd about three Miles from the Sea and sixteen from Chester Lat. 53. 22. Long. 3. 17. Asborn a Market Town in Darbyshire in the Hundred of Wirksworth Ascalon was heretofore a City of Judaea in the Tribe of Dan upon the Sea Coast and one of the strongest holds of the Philistines Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem took it from the Saracens about the year 1153. It was made a Bishops See but so destroyed since that not above 50 Families now dwell in it who are Moors and Turks Ascania an antient Town in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany betwixt Magdebourg and Northuhausen it gives the Title of a Count. Aschaffenbourg Asciburgum a City in Germany in the Diocese of Mentz but in the Limits of Franconia and therefore by some ascribed to that Province Heretofore an Imperial or Hans-Town but afterwards exempted it is divided into two parts by the River Mayn which falls into Rhine at Mentz There is in it a stately Palace built of square Stone called Johansburg where the Elector of Mentz often resides This Town is distant from Frankford 6 Miles Eastward Aschen a Castle in Bavaria Aschersleben Ascania an old Town in the Diocese of Halberstad in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany whence the House of Anhalt receives the Name of principes Ascanii almost ruined Ascherne Aschenten Askarna a Town in the County of Limerick in Munster in Ireland upon a River of the Name Ascoli di Satriano Asculum Apulum a small decaying City an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Benevento in the Kingdom of Naples in the County called the Principate at the foot of the Apennine 35 Miles East from Benevento This City is built on a Hill a former which stood near it having been ruin'd in the year 1399. by a dreadful Earthquake this was built in the year 1410. by the Inhabitants of the other Ascoli upon the River Tronto a City in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy with an Episcopal See immediately under the Pope The Birthplace of Pope Nicholas IV. as formerly of Betutius Barrus an Orator mentioned by Cicero In 1557. the French and Spaniards had a Battle near this place The antient Inhabitants were the first that confederated against the Romans in the Marsick War Sometime after that it was almost ruined but rebuilt and fell to be one of the first Temporal Demains of the Pope Ascot a Mannor in the County of Buckingham which has long belonged to the Loyal Family of the Dormers Earls of Carnarvan and Viscounts of Ascot who were advanced to this Honor Aug. 2. 1628. by Charles I. for whom Robert the first Earl died fighting in the Battle of Newberry in 1643. Asebin Nisivis See Nisbin Asgar a Province in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the West between the Provinces of Fez and Habat It s principal Towns are Arasch and Alcasar-Quivir Ashby de la Zouch a Market-Town and Barony in Leicestershire which saith Camden is now in the Earls of Huntington one of which Family Sir William Hastings procured the Town the Privilege of a Fair in the Reign of Henry VI. It stands in the North-West Corner of the County about eleven Miles North-East from Eaton Ash-burtun a Corporation seated upon the River Dart in Devonshire which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament it stands about 17 Miles from Exeter to the South-West and 5 Miles from Newton Ashdale a Place in Scotland of which the late Duke of Monmouth was Baron Ashdod Azotus a City in the Holy Land which was one of the Principalities of the Philistines in S. Jerom's time it was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Caesarea now a Village called Alzete by the Turks See Azotus Ashford a Market-Town in Kent upon the River Stower in Scray-Lath Ashkrig a Market-Town in Yorkshire in the North-riding and the Hundred of Hang West A S I A the first of the Four parts of the World the Mother and for a long time the Nurse and Mistress of Mankind for here in this Man was created and after the Deluge this was the Place God chose to give Mankind a second Beginning in the 2 first of the General Monarchies viz. the Assyrian and Persian were in this part and to it chiefly was the Church confined till our blessed Saviour came It is washed on three sides by the vast Ocean which on the East is called the Eastern or Pacifick Ocean on the North the Tartarian Ocean or Mar del Norte on the West the Aethiopian Ocean and the Red Sea and it is divided from Europe by the Mediterranean and Black Sea with the Rivers of Tanais Don or Tana Rha and Obb. It is only parted from Europe by the space of 300 German Miles more or less by these Rivers connected to Africa by a Neck of Land of about 30 Miles and whether the North-East part of it is not united with the North-West part of America could never yet be discovered tho probably there is a streight or narrow Sea between them so that lying in the midst of the other three it was the fittest place to be made the Cradle of Mankind from whence the other were all to be peopled It lies in length from the Hellespont to Malacca the utmost Eastern
English Parliament Berytis or Barut an antient City of Phaenicia in Asia upon the Mediterranean Sea and sometime an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Antioch For in the 16th Session of the great Council of Chalcedon we find the Bishop of Berytis taking the Title of a Metropolitan In the year 1110. Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem redeemed this City out of the hands of the Saracens and settled particular Governors over it till it became united with the Crown of Jerusalem in whose ruin it received its own and all the subsistance it now enjoys depends upon an inconsiderable little Commerce Ibas Bishop of Edessa was accused in a Council here in 448. of Arrianisme and of treating S. Cyril as an Heretick but acquitted Besagno Feritor a small River which riseth out of the Apennine Hills and falls by the Walls of Genoua into the Mediterranean Sea Besanzon Bisontio Vesintio a City of Burgundy in France which is an Archbishops See upon the River Doux Dubis an University and has a Castle built of later times Taken by the Spaniard in 1654 retaken by the French in 1668. and in 1674. and finally left to them by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1678. Once an Imperial free City made so by Henry I. in 1651. exempted from the Empire and granted to the Spaniards The Court of Parliament for the Dutchy of Burgundy sits here it stands 15 Leagues from Montbelliard to the North-West 20 from Dijon to the North-East Joannes Chifletius wrote a particular Description and History of this City The old Roman names of Campus Martius Vicus Veneris Vicus Castoris Mons Jovis and the like to several quarters within and without it continue to this day in French as le Champ Mars Rue de Venie Rue de Chasteur Mont Jouot c. Abundance of Urns Medals Inscriptions Vessels and Instruments of Sacrifice are daily found here The Ruins of the Triumphal Arch erected for the Emperor Aurelian in 274 are yet to be seen which are undeniable marks of its being Antient as now notwithstanding all former Misfortunes it is also a flourishing Place Besbre Besbria a small River in the Dukedom of Bourbone which washeth the principal City and then falls into the Loire Besecath one of the Names of Africa Beses Besos Baetulo a small River of Catalonia in Spain which falls into the Mediterranean Sea between Badelona and Barcelona There stands a small Town call'd Beson by it once Betulo from it Besiers Bliterae Buterae a City of Languedoc in France upon the River Orbe which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbone a fine and well built place not above 2 Leagues from the Mediterranean Sea to the North 11 from Mompellier to the West and 3 from Pezenas Bessarabia is a small Territory between Podolia to the North Moldavia to the West the Danube to the South and the Black Sea to the East Formerly a part of Moldavia but in 1485. Bajazet II. Conquered it and annexed it to his Empire under which it has been ever since the chief Town of it is Moncastrum a very strong Town taken by the Turks then also It is called Budziack by the neighbouring Tartars and by that Name is best known to the present times Bestercze or Bestricze Bistricia a City of Transilvania It stands in a very large Plain upon a River of the same Name which 2 Miles further takes in the Saio 5 German Miles North-East from Burgles and 15 from Weissenburg to the North-West It is little and ill built Beta a River of South America in the Country of Paria which falls into the River Orenock Betanzos Flavium Brigantium a small City in Gallicia in Spain seated upon the North side of the River Mandeu 11 Miles from Mondonnedo to the East Betawe or Betau a small Territory contain'd in the Dutchy of Guelderland in the States of the Vnited Provinces It seems to retain the Name of the antient Batavi who had their Habitations here Nimeguen stands in it Betente an Island near Naples call'd by the antients Parthenope Bethany Bethania an antient Town and Castle of Palestine near Jerusalem of everlasting Fame for the Resurrection of Lazarus from his Grave at the Command of our Saviour here John 11. There was another Bethany beyond Jordan Bethel that is in the Hebrew The House of God according to the Interpretation of Jacob's Dream Gen. 28. 17. 19. was a City of Samaria call'd Luz till the Patriarch chang'd its name Here Jeroboam erected his Idols In derision whereof it was afterwards call'd Bethaven that is The House of Iniquity says S. Jerom in Oseam Ch. 4 and 5. Josias destroy'd those Idols Bethlehem that is in the Hebrew The House of Bread the Place of the Nativity of our Saviour and the capital of the Family of David as likewise the Birth-place of David call'd Bethlehem of Judea in distinction from another Bethlehem in the Tribe of Zabulon was never but a small place two Leagues from Jerusalem to the South and 32 from Nazareth Now Inhabited by about 150 Houses of Turks Moor's Arabians and some poor Christians that make a Trade of selling Chapelets and Crucifixes to Pilgrims Yet St. Mary's Church built by Helena is entire still and in the particular part of it where our Saviour first entred into this World within a Circle illustrated with a Glory like the Rays of the Sun there are these words Engraved Hic ex Virgine Maria Jesus Christus natus est The Greeks Armenians and Latin Cordeliers have their several Quarters in this Church It is a very noble Pile envied by the Turks who therefore have robb'd it of some Ornaments to carry to their Mosques S. Jerom says the Pagans heretofore erected the Idols of Adonis and Venus in it to prophane it In 1110. after the Christians had gained the Holy Land they constituted Bethlehem a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem It stands upon a small Hill and nothing can be pleasanter than the Valleys about it § When the Christians were expelled the Holy Land again in 1223. Raynaud Bishop of Bethlehem attended Guy Earl of Nevers into France who conferred upon him the Administration of an Hospital at Clameci a small Town in the Diocese of Auxerre in the Province of Nivernois which was afterwards augmented in Honor with the Title of Bishop of Bethlehem to continue to the Successors of the said Rainaud for ever in the nomination of the Earls and Dukes of Nevers hence there is at this day a Bishop of Bethlehem in France without any Lands or Diocese Bethshan an antient Town in Palestine in the Tribe of Menasseh called Scythopolis by Josephus and Stephanus The Philistines fixed the Body of King Saul to the Walls of this place 1. Sam. 31. 10. Bethshemesh Bethsama at first called Abel 1 Sam. 6. 18. was a Town in Palestine belonging to the Levites Josh 21. 16. whither the Ark came when dismissed by the Philistines 1. Sam. 6. 14. and 50000 Bethshemites were immediatly struck with
by the French Bolduc and by the Flandrians S. Shertogenbosch a City in the Dukedom of Brabant which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mechlen seated upon the River Disa Dios which a little farther to the North falls into the Maze It is a large new City environed with Rivers and Marshes very well fortified and only one League from the Maze taken by the Dutch in 1629. who are still possessed of it Geofry Duke of Brabant made a Town of it out of a Wood in the year expressed in this Chronogram GodefrIdVs dVX e sILVa feCIt oppIdVM The See was founded by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. And the Country called the Mayorality of Bosleduc containing above 100 Villages has this City for its Capital Bosnia called by the French Bossen by the Germans Wossen is a Province of Europe bounded on the North by Sclavonia on the West by Croatia on the East by Servia and on the South by Dalmatia it takes its name from the River Bosna which riseth in Servia thence entering Bosnia waters Bosna-Sarai and falls into the Save It had Kings of its own from 1357. till 1465. having been before a part of the Kingdom of Hungary The Turks under Mahomet II. Conquered it in 1465. and are still possessed of a great part of it The same Mahomet caused Stephen the last King of Bosnia to be flea'd alive Bosphorus Cimmerius that famous Streight or passage at which the Euxine Sea communicates with the Paulus Maeotis or the Sea of Tana They now call it the Streights of Caffa and Kerci from two Towns in the Peninsula of Taurica Chersonesus which are situated upon the Banks of it Heretofore there was a Town called Bosphorus in those parts which gave Name both to the Streights and to the antient People the Bosphori mentioned by Pliny Strabo c. It afterwards changed its name to Panticapaeum which some believe to be the same with the modern Vospero a late Bishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople § Bosphorus Thracius otherwise known by the Name of the Canal of the Black Sea and the Streights of Constantinople is so narrow a passage betwixt Thrace and Asia Minor that in some Streets at Constantinople they can hear the Cocks crowing upon the Shoars of Asia Upon this Bosphorus stands Gallipoli the Dardanells and the Seven Towers where Prisoners of State are secured It is now called Bogazin Bosra or Bostra See Bussereth § Strabo speaks of another Bosra in Phaenicia Bossu a Town in Hainault near Valencienne dignified with the Title of an Earldom Boston a Corporation in Lincolnshire seated on both sides of the River Witham which is covered by a Timber Bridge the Town stands within 3 Miles of the Sea and has a very convenient Haven which in Mr. Camden's time was well Traded it sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament § Also a place in New-England of the same name well built and peopled It is indeed the Capital Town of that Plantation Bosworth an antient Market-Town in Leicestershire upon the River Sence which a little farther falls into the Anker at Atherston Near this place Henry Earl of Richmond Aug. 22. 1485. overthrew in Battle Richard III. and put an end to those long and bloody Wars between the Houses of Lancaster and York And March 12. 1686. King James II. did this Town the honor to constitute Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son amongst many other great Honors Baron of Bosworth Bothnia a Province of Sweden upon the Baltick Sea which gives Name to the Botner Sea or that Branch of the Baltick which lies most West between which and Lapland this Province lies Torn is its Capital City Bova a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Reggio near the Ocean betwixt the Cape de Spartivento and Reggio Bouchain Bochonium Buceinium a small but strong Town well fortified in the Province of Hainault in the Low-Countries upon the River Escaut betwixt Valenciennes and Cambray It is the Capital of the County of Ostervand which formerly belong'd mmediately to the eldest Sons of the Earls of Hainault Taken by the French in 1676. and ever since by them retained Boufflers a Territory contained in the Diocese of Amiens in Picardy in France upon the River Authie Remarkable for giving Name to an Ancient and Eminent Family in that Province Bouhin an Island of France between the Coasts of the Provinces of Poictou and Bretaigne below the Mouth of the Loyre § Also a Town in the County of Foretz in the same Kingdom near the River Lignon which is one of the best Places in Foretz Bovines Boviniacum a small Town upon the River Maze in the County of Namur made famous by a bloody Battle given here by Philip the August King of France to Ferdinand Earl of Flanders who was here taken Prisoner in the Year 1214 Whereupon Philip founded the Abbey of our Lady de la Victoire near Senlis in Commemoration of his Victory This Town lies 4 Leagues from Namur to the South Bovino Bovinum is a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Capitanata which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento it stands at the foot of the Apennine near the River Cervaro six Leagues from Troja to the South and twelve from Ariano to the South-East Bouillon Bullonium a small Town and Castle in the Bishoprick of Liege four Leagues from Masiers to the North and ten from Namur The Capital of an ancient Dukedom which lies between the Dukedom of Luxemburg to the West and Champagne to the South This Dukedom was mortgaged to Otbâ—rt Bishop of Liege in 1096 by Godfery then Duke of it after the famous King of Jerusalem and ever since the Bishops of this Diocese have claim'd a Right to it But by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1679 it was agreed that the Dukes of Bovillon who are in possession of it should peaceably enjoy the same all Differences being referred to honorary Arbitrators and that the Bishops should in the mean time use no Force against the said Dukes and so it remains to this day in their Possession Boulogne See Bologne Bolognese and Bononia Bourbone Borbonium a small City of France the Capital of the Dukedom of Bourbone bounded on the North with the Province of Niverne on the East by the Dukedom of Burgundy on the West with the Province of Berry and Marche and on the South with Auvergne The River Allier Ellaver cuts this Dukedom into two Parts and it lies in length from the North-East to the South-West twenty eight Leagues between the Rivers of Loire and Cher. Robert the fourth Son of Lewis the Ninth King of France had this Dutchy in Marriage with Agnes of Bourbone whose descendent after 300 years in the Person of Henry IV. came to the Crown of France in 1590 and his Grandchild Lewis XIV now enjoys that Throne The principal City call'd Bourbonne l' Archambault lies 4 Leagues from Moulins 56
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
most admired and rich Temple of Apollo Pythius and the Oracle which the Gauls under Brennus attempted in vain to spoil in Christian times became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens but since it fell into the hands of the devouring Turks it is become a poor small Village twenty Miles West from Leucadia forty from Lepanto to the East and about seven saith Baudrand from the Bay of Corinth It is observed by Suidas Cedrenus Nicephorus and divers others that about the time of the Nativity of our Saviour this Pythian Oracle became dumb And Augustus being astonished at its silence received for answer Me Puer Hebraeus divos Deus ipse gubernans Cedere sede jubet tristemque redire sub orcum Aris ergo dehinc tacitis abscedito nostris Nero afterwards plundered it of five hundred Statues of Brass with all its Wealth broke down its Buildings and distributed the Lands belonging to it amongst his Souldiers Delta an Island made by the Nile in Egypt of the fashion of the Letter Δ in the Greek in the way as that River flows from Cairo Ptolomy mentions two a greater and a less of this sort The ancient City Busiris did stand in the midst of this Island Demer Tabuda a River in Brabant Demetriade Dimnitrado Demetrias an ancient City of Magnesia in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia upon the Gulph dell ' Armiro or the Pelasgicus sinus of the Classicks It has been heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa from which it stands twenty Miles to the East Denbigh Denbiga one of the twelve Shires in wales has the Irish Sea on the North Flintshire on the East Merinoth on the South and Caernarvan on the West The principal Rivers are Cluyd Elway and Conwey which last separates this Shire from Carnarvan The West part is barren the middle where the Cluyd runneth is plain and very fruitful the last part except what lies upon the D 〈…〉 is less fertil Denbigh the principal Town stands upon a declining Rock H. Lacy Earl of Lincoln obtaining a Grant of this Place from Edward I. walled it and set up a Castle on the South side but wanting Water and being of difficult Access the Inhabitants have by degrees removed their Dwellings nearer the River and in Mr. Cambden's time were building a second Church the former not being able to contain the Inhabitants This Town has the River Aled or Elwy on the West and the Cluyd on the East which meet beneath it to the North it has a Bridge over both of them the later Maps place the Elwy on the South of the Town It stands fifteen Miles from Chester to the West and four from S. Asaph to the South The Right Honorable William Fielding is Earl of Denbigh and the fourth Earl of his Family Dendermonde Teneramunda is a strong Town in Flanders upon the River Schelde where the Tenera from Alost falls into it lying in the middle between Gant and Antwerp about five Leagues from either Denmark Denemarck Dania Cimbrius Chersonesus called by the Italians and Spaniards Danimarca by the Poles Dunska Is one of the most ancient Kingdoms of Europe yet of no great Extent Part of a vast Peninsula called of old Cimbricus Chersonesus in middle time Jutland and some Islands in the Eastern and Baltick Sea make the body of this Kingdom except that the Kingdom of Norway together with Greenland Island and Feroe is now annexed to it It was once a part of the Kingdom of the Goths but now a separate Kingdom consisting of two parts Jutland and the Isles The North of Jutland only is under the King of Denmark viz. Nort Jutland and the Northern parts of Suder Jutland Of the Islands Zeeland Fuynen and Bornholm in the Baltick Sea and Island in the Virgivian Ocean are the chief Coppenhague in the Isle of Zeeland is the Capital of the whole There were also three Counties on the Norway side Blecklen Schania and Haland which belonged originally to Denmark but in 1645. by the Treaty of Brooms-Boa these and some other Islands were surrendered by Christian IV. to the Swedes for ever and again in 1658. and 1660. confirmed to the Swedes This Kingdom had heretofore the Isles of Shetland on the North of Scotland which were granted to James VI. as a part of his Queens Dowry The King of Denmark possesseth also in Germany 1. Half the Dukedom of Holsatia 2. The Counties of Oldenburgh and that of Delmenhorst which two fell to him by Inheritance from the last Count of Oldenburgh Till 1660 the Crown was Elective but then made Hereditary by Frederick III. The Danes have also enlarged their Princes Bounds by planting a New Denmark in the North of America This Kingdom once was one of the most Powerful in Europe as may be remembred more particularly to us by their Incursions into England Scotland and Ireland where they maintained War with our Ancestors above three hundred years together But by the Fate of Time War and other humane Calamities reduced to the state in which it now is The Danish Writers derive its Name and pretend to give a Catalogue of their Kings from Dan the Son of Jacob. It is a cold Climate but fruitful enough in Corn Cattle and Fish and the greatest Revenue of the Crown comes from the Toll that is payed for passing the Sound Denia a Sea-Port in the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain over against the Isle of Yvica on the Mediterranean Sea eleven Miles from Valentia to the South Denin a celebrated Nunnery in the Low Countreys upon the Road from Valenciennes to Doway where the Chapter is composed of 18 Chanonesses who are all Ladies of Quality taking the Title of Countesses of Ostrevan from their Founder S. Aldebert an Earl of Ostrevan who left both his Estate and Dignity to them They enter into no Vows Marry at their pleasure leaving only their thanks to the Chapter for the honour they have enjoyed by it St Dennis en Uaux ad Sanctum Dionysium in Vallibus a Town in the Dukedom of Orleans in France St. Dennis Carriere a Town and a famous Monastery in the Isle of France two Leagues from Paris to the South one of the richest Monasteries in that Kingdom upon the River Crou which a little lower falls into the Scin. The Abbey was founded in 636. by Dagobert King of France in honor of S. Dennis whose Bones sleep here But the Church was rebuilt since by Suggerus one of their Abbots in three Years and three Months ending in 1144. Here are the Tombs of the Kings of France Some of which have died here too St. Dennis a Town in Normandy in the Forest of Lyons on the Borders of Beauvois in which Henry I. King of England died Deptford a large Town in Kent in Sutton Lath situated at the fall of the River Ravensburn into the Thames amongst rich and low Meadows and provided with a Dock and Store-house for the Navy Royal. It is divided into the
Zagoria or Zagora is a City of Bulgaria at the Foot of the Mountains upon the River Panize ten German Miles from the Euxine Sea eighteen from Adrianople to the North-East in the very Confines of Romania and Bulgaria Heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Adrianople but now raised to an Archbishoprick it self Deventer Deventria a City in the Province of Over-Yssel which is the Capital of that Province It stands upon the Yssel four Miles from Zwol to the West and seven from Nimeguen to the North-West Made a Bishop's See by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. under the Archbishop of Vtrecht Betray'd to the Spaniards in 1587. Subdued and brought under the Vnited Provinces again in 1591. Taken by the French in 1672. and deserted in 1674. It is surrounded on all Sides with Water and very strongly fortified Deveril a little Stream in VViltshire which runs under ground a Mile Devizes a Market and Borough-Town in VViltshire in the Hundred of Swanborn near the Head of a Stream of the same Name with it self which joyns the Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Devonshire Devonia is one of the Southern Counties of England which takes its Name from the Danmonii the ancient British Inhabitants On the North it is bounded by the Irish Sea on the West by Cornwall from which it is divided by the River Tamar on the South by the British Sea and on the East by Somersetshire and Dorsetshire It hath on both these Seas many good Harbours and is rich in Mines especially the Western Parts It abounds in pleasant Meadows fine Woods rich Towns In other Places where the Soil is more barren it is yet improveable and rewards the Tillers Industry It s chiefest Rivers are the Tamâ—r the Turridge the Taw Ex and Dert The chief City is Exeter next to which is Plymouth The Honourable William Cavendish is Earl of this County whose Grandfather William obtained this Honour from James I. Aug. 20. 1618. and has enjoyed it ever since 1628. Deux-Ponts See Zweybrucken Dewsberg See Hensterberg Diablintres Diablindi or Diablitae an ancient People of Gallia Celtiqua supposed to dwell in the now Province of la Perche with Noviodunum or Nogent le Rotrou for their Capital Others say in the Lesser Brittany near Neodunum or Doll where there are some Lands still bearing the Name of les Diableres and Families of les Diables Le Diamond a great Rock upon the Coast of the Island Martinique in the South America at the Distance of a League Observed to swarm with Fowl Diarbech Mesopotamia a Country in Asia between the Euphrates and the Tygris which is now in the hands of the Turks Diarbekir a great and populous City of Mesopotamia upon the Banks of the Tygris the Seat of a Potent Bassa who is generally one of the Viziers of the Ottoman Empire and has nineteen Sangiacs under him in the Compass of his Province It is surrounded with a double Wall of sixty two Towers and adorned with a stately Mosque which heretofore belonged to the Christians whereof they reckon no less then 20000 still living in it of the Armenian Nestorian or Jacobite Churches together with some Capuchines It stands upon an Eminence affords plenty of Provisions and is able to bring into the Field 20000 Horse Diargument Hyrcania a Province in the North-East Part of the Kingdom of Persia Dibres a Town of the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece taken by the Turks in 1442. Dichling a Market-Town in the County of Sussex in Lewis Rape Dictamo Dictamne a Town in the Territory of Canea in the Island of Crete whence comes the medicinal Herb Dittany Die Dia Vocontiorum Dea a City in the Dauphinate in France heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vienne but in 1275. by Pope Gregory IX united to that of Valence This City stands on the North Side of the River Drome which falls into the Rhosne eight Miles from Valence to the East and eleven from Grenoble to the South-West It is a Roman Town called by Antoninus Dea Augusta and in the Councils Dia. The Huguenots in the Years 1577. and 1585. took and used it severely and rased its Cittadel An Inscription not long since was found in it Matri Deûm Magnae Idaeae For the Vocontii its antient Inhabitants were great Worshippers of that Goddess whence the Name Dia came to be derived to this place Diemens Diemini Regio a Part of the Terra Australis discovered in 1642. by a Dutchman of this Name Yet we know not whether it be an Island or a Continent Diepholt a small Town in the Circle of VVestphalia in Germany belonging to the Duke of Brunswick It stands upon a Stream betwixt Bremen and Osnaburgh with the Honour to bear the Title of an Earldom Dieppe Deppa a strong Sea-Port-Town which has a noble Haven in Normandy in France upon the River Arques fourteen Miles from Roan to the North right over against Lewis in Sussex This Town is remarkable for its Loyalty to Henry the Great of France who retiring hither and not long after receiving a supply from Queen Elizabeth of 22000 l. in Gold and 4000 Men under the Lord VVilloughby beat the Duke of Main the General of the Leaguers after all his Confidence that he should either take this Prince Prisoner or drive him out of France Which great Victory was unexpectedly gained in 1589. Diest a Town and Barony in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Low-Countries upon the River Demere two Leagues from Dalen and three from Tillemon There are two Collegiate Churches in it Dietmarsh or Dithmarsh a part of Jutland in the Dukedom of Holsatia at the Mouth of the Elbe having the Ocean on the West Holsatia on the East the Elbe on the South and the Dukedom of Sleswick on the North. It is so full of Marshes as to take its Name from them The Inhabitants Rebelling against the Kings of Holsatia in 1500. obtained a great Victory but in 1559. Adolph Duke of Holsatia being imployed by Frederick II. King of Denmark conquered them and deprived them of a barbarous Liberty which they had maintained four Hundred Years The South part of this Territory is under the King of Denmark whose Eldest Son is to reside here and the North part under the Duke of Holsatia which is separated from the Dukedom of Sleswick by the River Eyder Dietz or VVietz a small Town in the Principality of Nassaw in Germany upon the River Lhone Fortified with a Castle on each of the two Hills within the Walls Digne Dinia Dina Civitas Diniensium a City in Provence which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Embrun it stands upon the River Bleonne ten Miles from Embrun to the South and thirty two from Avignon to the North-East It is a very fine City and particularly esteemed for its hot Baths Dijon Divionum Divio the Capital City of the Dukedom of Burgundy and the Seat of the Parliament upon the River Ousche sixteen Leagues from Langres to
Ouse in a fair Champaigne Country Deserving to be particularly taken notice of for the beautiful Euston-Hall of the building of the late Earl of Arlington and the Curiosities that are to be seen about it In 1672. King Charles II. advanced this place to the Dignity of an Earldom in the Person of the late Duke of Grafton upon his Marriage with the only Daughter of the said Earl of Arlington The Euxine Sea Pontus Euxinus Axenos now by the Turks called Cara Denguis i. e. the Furious Sea and by others the Black Sea is encompassed round by Anatolia Mingrelia Circassia the Crim Tartary and Podolia with no other out-let than the Bosphorus Thracius accounting the Palus Moeotis as a Bay or branch of it so that it seems more properly a Lake Yet these great Rivers the Danube Nieper Niester Phasis Corax Sangarius and many others discharge their floods into it It is in length from East to West about one hundred eighty eight Leagues In breadth at the Western End from the Bosphorus Thracius to the Nieper three Degrees at the Eastern the half thereof And is dangerous to navigate Not so green nor clear nor brackish as the Ocean by reason of the Influx of those Rivers And now wholly under the Dominion of the Grand Seignior without whose leave no Vessel passes upon it Ewel a Market Town in the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Copthorn Ex Isca is a River of England it ariseth in Somersetshire and passing by Winesford it takes in Dunsbrook River or Creden from Dulverton on the West then entering Devonshire it runs directly South to Tiverton where it takes in Loman River from the East at Stâ—cke it takes in Columb on the same side and a little lower Credy from the West then incompassing a great part of the North West and South of Exeter a little lower it admits Clyst on the East and Ken on the West and so entereth the British Sea by a large Mouth Exeter Isca Isca Dunmoniorum Exonia is the principal City of Devonshire called by the Welsh Caerisk Caerrudh and Pencaer that is the Principal City Seated on the Eastern Bank of the River Ex in a barren Soil upon the Advantage of a small Hill declining East and West having a Dike and a strong Wall for its Safety in Compass about a Mile and a half with extended Suburbs There are in it fifteen Churches and in the highest Part of the City near the East Gate a Castle which of old was the Seat of the West Saxon Kings and afterwards of the Earls of Cornwal and near this the Cathedral built by King Athelstan in Honour of S. Peter Edward the Confessor settled the Bishop's See here which he removed from Kirton It fell not into the Hands of the Saxons till four hundred sixty five years after their first coming over viz. Anno Christi 914. when Athelstan banished the Britains and fortified the City and built the Cathedral This City joining with the Rebels in 1640. was taken for the King by Prince Maurice September 4. 1643. And being Garrisoned for the King was again surrendred to the Parliament upon Terms April 13. 1646. The Honourable John Cecil is Earl of Exeter and the fifth of his Family he succeded John Cecil his Father in 1667. The Title of Marquess of Exeter was heretofore conferred by King Henry VIII upon Henry Courtney Earl of Devonshire And likewise of Duke by Henry V. upon Thomas Beaufort Earl of Dorset and by Richard II. upon John Holland Earl of Huntington The present Bishop of this Diocese is the forty sixth since the Removal of this See from Kirton about 1149. The sixty seventh from Aedulphus who about 905. was made the first at least Saxon Bishop of Devonshire Extremadura See Estremadura § A Province of the Kingdom of Susa in Africa near the Atlantick Ocean and the Mountains of Atlas in the Southern Borders of Morocco Extremos a small Town upon the River Tera which comes to fall into the Tajo near Evora and Elvas in the Province of Alentejo in the Kingdom of Portugal Extuca a Province in the Kingdom of Morocco in Barbary extended along the Sea Coast towards the Mountain Atlas and the Frontiers of Biledulgeridia Eychstat See Aichstadt Eyder Eidera Egidora a River of Denmark which ariseth above Rendsburgh and dividing Holstein and Dithmarsh from the Dukedom of Sleswick falls into the German Ocean at Tonning This River denominates the Territory of Eyderstede in the said Dutchy Eye or Eaye Insula a small Corporation in the County of Suffolk near the Borders of Norfolk so called saith Mr Camden because it is an Island where are to be seen the Ruins of an old Castle which belonged to Robert Mallet a Norman Baron and of an ancient Benedictine Abbey called S. Peter's This Town has been given in Jointure with the Queens of England After many other Changes in this Honour Sir Frederick Cornwallis descended lineally from Sir John Cornwallis Steward of the Houshold to Edward VI. and Sir Thomas Cornwallis one of the Privy-Counsellors to Queen Mary and Comptroller of her House was April 20. 1661. made Baron Cornwallis of Eye by Charles II. to whose Interest and Service being ever entirely addicted in the worst of Times he had the Honour to be the second Coronation Baron to whom succeeded Charles Lord Cornwallis his Son who dying in 1673. Charles the second of this Family his Son succeeded and is now living By the Favour of this Family as I have heard this small Corporation obtained its Charter and the Honour of sending two Burgesses to the House of Commons Otherwise the Place is very small and inconsiderable It stands twelve Miles from Ipswich to the North and seventeen from Norwich to the South and in the Road between those two Places Eyerlandt See Aland Eyndhoven Endova is a fine Town in the Territory of Kempen upon the River Bommele four Leagues from Boisleduc to the South and almost the same from Helmont to the West It had a College of Canons and belonged to the Count de Buren This is the Capital of that part of Kempen which lies in Brabant and fell into the Hands of the Hollanders in 1629. after they had taken Boisleduc by a Siege of four Months Continuance and they are still in Possession of it Eysenack Isenachum a small City in Thuringia upon the River Nesa eight Miles from Erford to the West The River Nesa a little below it is taken into the VVerra The Name of this City is written sometimes nearer the Latin Isenach It is under the Dominion of a Prince of the House of Saxony the Duke of Weimar with a small Territory belonging thereto And has the Honour to be both a Dukedom and an University which last was founded in the Year 1555. F A FAenza Faventia a small City of Romandiola in Italy upon the River Lamone Anemo which falls into the Adriatick Sea three Miles South of the Mouth of the Po between Imola to the North
of Edessa at first but afterwards it became the Metropolis it self Seated in the Province of Diarbeck near the River Chabor forty Miles from Edessa sixty from Euphrates to the East The Tartars under Tamberlane treated this City with great Cruelty since that it has been in a declining condition and now not much inhabited It is mentioned several times in the Holy Scriptures upon the account of Abraham's sojourning and burying his Father Terah here before he went into the Land of Canaan Gen. 11. 31. Acts 7. 4. in which last place it is called Charran in Mesopotamia And by Pliny and Ptolemy Charrae It s Long. is 73. 20. Lat. 36. 10. Heresbach a Town in the Diocese of Cleves in Germany Heri Aria a Province in Persia in Asia more commonly called Hera or Herat it has a City and a River of the same Name This River in the later Maps called Pulimoilon riseth out of the Mountains of Cassubi and washing the Walls of this City on all sides it standing in an Island falls into the Lake of Burgian The City is called Ser-heri in Long. 100. 13. and Lat 36. 20. Ninety German Miles West of Candahar one hundred and twenty South-East of the Caspian The Roses of this Province are thought the best in the World The Province of Heri is a part of that of Chorasan which is one of the most rich fertile and populous Provinces in all Persia In the City of Heri are made the best Persian Tapestries on which and other accounts it is much frequented by the Indians who must pass through it in their way to Persia See Olearius his Travels Herit Adramitae a Province in Arabia the happy Herma or Erma a City of Galatia called Germa or Therma by the ancient Geographers and now sometimes Germaste It stands in the Confines of Bithynia and Phrygia upon the River Sagarium Sacrio where it falls into the Casilirnach which falls into the Euxine Sea at Cagani twenty one German Miles East of Scutari This City is placed thirty six German Miles East of Bursia Now an Archbishop's See Long. 60. 10. Lat. 42. 25. Hermanstad Cibinium a City in Transylvania commonly by the Inhabitants called Seben and Zeben by the Italians Cibinio by the Germans Hermanstad The Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Prince a great populous strong well-built City seated in a Plain upon the River Cibinium Cibin which a little lower falls into the Aluta The Inhabitants are Saxons it stands fifteen Miles from Clausemberg to the East and eight from Alba Julia. A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza though there is now no Bishop of it The late Duke of Lorrain of famous Memory in November 1687. put into this place a Garrison of three thousand Imperialists by the agreement of Prince Abafti then Prince of Transylvania to enjoy the same for their Winter Quarters Hermanstein or Erenbreitstein Eremberti lapis a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trier in Germany upon the Rhine near its Confluence with the Moselle standing on a Rock that is on all sides inaccessible which makes it one of the strongest in Germany It sustained a long Siege in the year 1637. and could only at last be taken by Famine Hermanville a place near Calais in France Herndall Herndalia a part of Norway on this side the Mountains of Norway by the Province of Jemplandt on which depends Nomedale Hellegelandt Frostein Inder Heroa and some others which together with it were yielded to the Swedes in 1645. by the Danes Herou Heropolis a City of Egypt near the bottom of the Red Sea ninety miles from Damiata to the South-East about thirty five English Miles from Sues to the West and sixty from the next Shoar of the Mediterranean to the South Mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy It s Long. 63. 30. Lat. 29. 50. Herstal Heristel or Haristal a Town upon the Maes near Liege in Westphalia adorned heretofore with a magnificent Palace built by Pepin King of France who resided so frequently at it that in the French History he is sirnamed Pepin of Heristel This Palace was afterwards destroyed by the Normans Hersteld a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Weser belonging to the Bishops of Paderborne since the year 1608. The People of Paderborne conspiring once against their Bishop the Episcopal See was removed from Paderborne hither which was re-established at Paderborne again in 799. Charles the Great also resided here some considerable time Hertford Durocobriva a Town in a County of the same name in the South of England upon the River Lea or Ligean as the Saxons called it which runs through it In 607. here was a Synod Now saith Mr. Cambden it is not very populous yet for its Antiquity it deserves-regard It has given Name to this County and is reputed the Shire-Town It has a Castle built as some think by Edward the Elder enlarged by the Family De Clare to whom it belonged as Earls of Hertford in the times of Henry II. and King Stephen Afterwards it belonged to the Crown Edward III. granted it to John of Gaunt his Son then Earl of Richmond and after Duke of Lancaster Hertfordshire Herfordiae Comitatus Cattieuchlani hath on the North Cambridgeshire on the West Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South Middlesex and on the East Essex it is very fruitful as to Corn and Pasture has plenty of Woods and Groves and for great Towns and Rivers it may vye with most Counties in England considering its bigness This County had first for Earls or Marquesses the Family De Clare who for seven Descents between 1139. and 1314. enjoyed this Title Being extinguished Henry VIII in 1537. created Edward Seymour Viscount Beauchamp Earl of Hertford who afterward in 1551. was made Duke of Sommerset being the fourteenth Earl and seventh of his Family who hath born this amongst other Titles of Honour Hertogenraiad Rodia Ducis a Town in Holland Hertzogthumb in the High Dutch signifies a Dukedom and is frequently used by them So Hertzogthumb Bremen is the Dukedom of Bremen Hertzogthumb Ferden is the Dukedom of Ferden Heruli an ancient People of the Country now called the Dukedom of Meckleburg in the Lower Saxony in Germany towards the Baltick Sea who established themselves in Italy in the fifth Century and were of the number of those Barbarians that formed their States upon the ruin of the Roman Empire Odoacer their King dispossessed Augustulus in the year 476. and having reigned about seventeen years he was slain by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths The Emperor Justinian granted them Lands to cultivate whereupon they not only gave themselves entirely to him but became Christians and Gethesius their King was baptized in 528. Till this Conversion their Customs were to offer Men in Sacrifices to their Gods to kill the sick and aged to oblige Wives not to survive their Husbands and to indulge themselves in every voluptuousness Hervorden Hervordia a City in VVestphalia in the County of
the Hundred of Finsbury of which the Earl of Warwick bears the Title of Baron Kent Cantium is the most South-Eastern County of England on the North it is bounded by the Thames which parts it from Essex on the East and South it has the British Sea in part on the North and on the West it has Sussex and Surrey It is in length from East to West fifty Miles and from South to North twenty six Divided into five Lathes Sutton Aylesford Soray St. Augustine and Shepway wherein are four hundred and eight Parishes and thirty Market Towns That part which lieth towards the Thames is healthful but not fruitful the middle parts are both the Southern are very fruitful but not healthful The Thames the Medway the Stower the Tun and the Rother besides lesser Streams water it Some give this Character of it The Weald for Wood East Kent for Corn Rumney for Meadow Tenham for an Orchard Shepey and Reculver for Wheat Thanet for Barley and Hedcorn for Capons This Country was first conquered by Julius Caesar though not without Resistance in the years of Rome 696. and 698. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour being forced to a double Expedition against almost this single County As he began the Conquest of Britain here so did the Saxons Hengist erecting the Kingdom of Kent in the year of Christ 456. seven years after the first arrival of the Saxons Against the Danes the Kentish men did also great things and with much Courage and Patience repelled those Barbarous People When William the Conquerour had subdued all the rest of the Nation he was glad to come to a Composition with the Inhabitants of this County and to grant them their ancient Liberties and Customs Whence the Laws of Gavelkind obtain here to this day This County was also the first that imbraced the Christian Religion from Augustine the Monk in the year 568. Accordingly Canterbury is justly the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom of England as having been the first Fountain from whence the Christian Religion spread it self amongst the Saxons for as for the British or Welsh they had imbraced Christianity long before VVilliam the Conquerour in 1067. created Odo Bishop of Bajeux his half Brother Lord Chief Justice and Lord Treasurer of England Earl of Kent In 1465. Edward IV. created Edmund Grey Lord Ruthyn Lord Treasurer of England which Family still injoys this Honour Anthony II. the present Earl of Kent being the eleventh in this Succession Besides the Sea of Canterbury this County injoys a second Bishoprick which is Rochester and a great many populous rich Towns fafe Roads large and secure Harbours for Ships and whatever else is desirable in Human Life except a more serene Air. Kerci or Chierche Cercum a small Town at the Mouth of the Streights of Caffa upon the Euxine Sea belonging to the Precopensian Tartars Kerez See Keureuz Keriog a River in Shropshire which falls into the Dee above Bangor Kerka or Karka Titius a River of Dalmatia which washeth Sardona and Sebenico then falls into the Adriatick Sea eight German Miles North of Spalatro Kermen Germia a considerable City at this day in Thrace seated not far from Adrianople the Turks have here a Sangiack Kerry a County in the Province of Munster on the Vergivian or Western Ocean between the County of Clare to the North and the County of Cork to the South and East the Capital of which is Ardart Keschidag Olympius a Mountain of Misia in the Lesser Asia Kesmarckt or Keysermarkt Caesaropolis a Town of the Vpper Hungary at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains towards the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Keswick a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Hundred of Allerdale near to which Black Lead is digged up in plenty It standeth in a Valley environed with Hills and has been formerly a famous Town for Copper Mines Kesâ—el or Cassel Castellum Menapiorum a Town in Brabant two Leagues beneath Roermond to the North between the Maes to the East and the Peel to the West seated upon the River Neerse which a little lower falls into the Maes Kettering a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Huxton upon a Rivulet which falls into the Nen delightfully seated on an Ascent It has a Sessions-House for the Justices of Peace of the County Keureuz Keres Krais Chrysius Cusus a River of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Western Borders of Transylvania near Feltat and watering Giula a little above receiveth another Branch called by the same Name which passeth by Great Waradin both which Rivers being united fall into the Tibiscus or Tyesse at Czongrodt above Segedin One of these is called by the Germans Fekykeres which goes to Giula the other Sebeskeres Feky signifying White and Sebes Black Kexholm Kexholmia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland which was heretofore under the Russ but conquered by the Swedes in 1617. It is the most South-Eastern part of Finland The Capital of this Province is Kexholm seated upon the Banks of the River Voxen near to the Western Shoar of the Lake of Ladoga which together with the Castle which is very strong was taken by Monsieur Pont de la Gardie a French Gentleman from the Russ in 1580. The year following this Gentleman took Narva and several other strong places for the Swedes from the Moscovites and was at last drowned in the River of Narva Keyserstul Forum Tiberii a small Town in Switzerland upon the Rhine over which it has a Bridge It lies in the County of Baden nine German Miles from Basil to the West and Constance to the East and belongs to the Bishop of Constance but is subject to the Canton of Zurick Kidwelly a Market Town in Caermarthenshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Khoemus Margiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia See Margiana Kherman Kermoen Kermon or Kirman Carmania or Caramania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia with a City of the same Name Kiburgh a Castle in the Canton of Zurich upon the River Toss two Miles from Zurich to the East the Earls of which were heretofore of great Name This Castle was purchased by them of Zurich in 1452. Kiel or Kil Chilonium a City in the Dukedom of Holstein under the Duke of Holstein upon the Mouth of the River Swentin having a convenient Port upon the Baltick Sea much frequented by Merchants Ships there belongs to it a Castle seated on a Hill and an University opened here in 1665. The Convention of the States of Holstein are usually held here This City stands nine German Miles from Lubeck to the North ten from Flensborg to the South and tho very well fortified has of late suffered very much from the Swedes Kiengara See Gangra Kienning a great City of the Province of Fokien in China and the Capital of a Territory of its own Name commanding six other Cities It is adorned with a magnificent Pagod or
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of
defended by a strong Castle upon the River Gers six Miles from Aux ten from Tolouse to the South-West and three from Condom Ledbury or Lidbury a well built Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Radlow standing in a rich Clay Ground near the Malvern Hills and much inhabited by Clothiers Ledesina Bletisa a small Town in Leon in Spain upon the River Tormes six Leagues from Salamanca to the North-East Ledung Dur a small River of Ireland in the County of Kerry Leeberg or Leerberg See Jura Leeder one of the Islands on the West of Scotland Leeds a considerable Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Skirack upon the River Are well inhabited by Clothiers The Kings of Northumberland had anciently a Palace Royal here Leek a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Totmonslow Leerpoole or Leverpoole a considerable Sea-Port Town upon the River Irwel in the South part of the County of Lancaster towards the Borders of Cheshire three Miles from the Irish Sea It is now one of the most thriving Ports and has a Trade equal to the best Town on the Western Shoar except Bristol it sends also two Burgesses to Parliament The Pool is commanded by a Castle built by King John on the South side and on the West upon the River stands a stately strong Tower The Mores of Banck Hall at their proper Charge and Industry have much improved and beautified this Town Leeuwarden Leovardia the Capital City of Friesland which was made a Bishops See by Pope Paul VI. It is great well built and strongly fortified almost two German Miles from the Sea to the South and seven from Groningen to the West Leffy Liffee Luffee the noblest River of Ireland upon which Dublin stands So far saith Mr. Cambden over-powered by the County of Dublin that though his Spring be but fifteen Miles from his Fall into the Sea yet to accomplish his Course he is forced to fetch a very great compass first running South through S. Patrick's Fields eight Miles then West five Miles then North by the County of Kildare ten Miles North-East five at last East by the Castle of Knock and the City of Dublin into the Irish Sea ten Miles This River was without doubt mentioned by Ptolemy but by the negligence of Transcribers omitted in its proper place and Libnius put into the same Latitude on the opposite side of Ireland where there could be no such River In 1687 towards the beginning of December there hapned such an Inundation of this River by Rains and Storm that not only Men Cattle and Goods in great quantities were carried away by its rapidity but the Bridges were broken down and Dublin so filled with water that Boats plyed in the Streets the like never known before either upon Record or in the memory of Man Legnano a strong Town in the Province of Veronois in Lombardy in Italy under the Venetians In Latin Liviacum Leicestershire Leicestria one of the inland Counties of England bounded on the North by Nottingham on the East by Lincoln and Rutland on the South by Northampton and on the West by Warwickshire and Darby It abounds in Corn Pease and Beans but wants Wood it has plenty of Coal and excellent Pasture The Air is soft and healthful It s shape is Circular being about 196 Miles in Circumference Containing twelve Market Towns and one hundred and ninety two Parishes in length from East to West about thirty Miles in breadth twenty five Watered by the Rivers Stower and Wreak together with many others of lesser Courses Leicester the principal Town of it which gives name to the whole lies in the middle of the County on the East side of the Stoure over which it hath two Bridges in Long. 19. 22. Lat. 53. 04. Etheldred the Mercian made it a Bishops See in 680. which continued not long In 914. Edelfled a Noble Saxon Lady rebuilt and strongly walled this Town At the time of the Conquest it was Great Rich and Populous beautified with a Collegiate Church an Abbey and a Castle which time has ruined In the Reign of Henry II. it was besieged taken and dismantled upon the Rebellion of Robert Crouch its Earl Richard III. was buried obscurely here and Cardinal Woolsey That great though not good Statesman Robert Dudley was by Queen Elizabeth Created Earl of Leicester in 1564. To him in 1618. succeeded by a new Creation Robert Sidney Descended from a Sister of his Philip the present Earl is the Grandchild of the last Robert and succeeded Robert his Father in 1677. It now contains three Parish Churches and several good Buildings with the honour of returning two Burgesses to the House of Commons Leighton Beaudesect a large Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Manshead on the Borders of Buckinghamshire upon a River running Northward into the Ouse over which it has a Bridge Leine Linius Lina a River of the Dukedom of Saxony in Germany watering Gottingen Eâ—mbeck c. in the Dukedom of Brunswick and passing near Hanover and Newstadt to joyn the Aller See Leyne Leinster Lagenia one of the four Provinces of Ireland called by the Inhabitants Leighnigh by the Welsh Lein by the English Leinster and in old times Lagen on the East it has the Irish Sea on the West Connaught divided from it by the River Shannon to the North the Territory of Louth and to the South the Province of Munster the form of it is Triangular its Circumference being about two hundred and seventy Miles the Air is clear and gentle the Earth fruitful both as to Grass and Corn it affordeth plenty of Butter Cheese and Cattle and being well watered with Rivers as the Neure the Sewer the Barow c. wants neither Fish nor Fowl but it has not much Wood. Dublin is the Capital of this Province as well as of the Kingdom This Provine contains these Counties Kilkenny Caterlogh Queens-County Kings-County Kildare East-Meath West-Meath Wexford and Dublin to which Wicklow and Fernes in Mr. Speed's time were intended to be added Some believe this Province to have been the ancient Seat of the Caucenses Blanii Menapii and Brigantes mentioned by Ptolemy Leirge See Lergue Leiria or Leria an Episcopal City of the Province of Estremadura in the Kingdom of Portugal upon a small River one League from the Sea below Tomar The See is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Lisbon Leleges an ancient People of Caria in the Lesser Asia and others amongst the Locrenses in Achaia mentioned by Pliny Strabo and Virgil. Lem Lemuris a River of Italy in the States of Genoua which riseth out of the Apennine and watereth Gavi in the Borders of Montisferrat and Milan then falls into the River Bormia in the Dukedom of Milan which falls into the Tuanara and ends in the River Po at Basignana six Italian Miles East of Giaroli This River is also called Lim and il Lemo The Lake of Lemane Lemanus a considerable Lake made by the
it at Hopton Heath it was again surrendred to Prince Rupert How long it continued in the King's Hands I know not but I find it taken by Storm by the King May 30. 1645. and retaken by Treaty June 18. in the same year by Fairfax after the fatal Battel of Naseby It s Long. is 21. 20. Lat. 52. 42. Sir Edward Henry Lee created Baron of Spellesburg and Viscount Quarendon was made Earl of Lichfield June 5. 1674. Lichfield has also the honour to be a County Corporate and besides the Cathedral shews three Parish Churches Lico Lycus a River of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which watereth Laodicea and falls soon after into the Meander See Laodicea Licosia Ledrensis Vrbs the same with Nicosia the principal City of the Island of Cyprus Licostomo See Scotusa Lida a small Town which has a strong Castle built upon a Rock and is the Capital of a Territory in the Palatinate of Vilna in Lithuania under the Kingdom of Poland It stands upon the River Deta ten Polish Miles from Vilna South and seven from Novogrod severely handled by the Moscovites in 1655. Liddesdale a small County in the South of Scotland in the Borders of England which takes its Name from a River that runs through it It is bounded on the North with Tivedale on the West with Annandale on the South with Cumberland and on the East with Northumberland Lidkioping Lidkiopinga a small City in Westrogothia a Province in Sweden upon the Lake of Weâ—er and the River Lid three Miles from Marystad to the West forty five from Daleburg and thirty from Falkop to the North. Liechtenstein a Principality in the Province of Austria in Germany There is another Liechtenstein in the Trentine in Italy near Bolzano Liege Leodium a City of Germany which Lipsius calls Leodicum the Writers of the middle Ages Legia the Inhabitants Luyck the Germans Luttyck and the French Liege It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cologne a great and populous City built upon the Maes and annexed to the Low Countries yet a German City in the Circle of VVestphalia and under the Protection of its own Bishop fifteen Miles from Cologne to the West five from Aquisgrane ten from Louvain and three from Maestricht to the South It had a very strong Castle which was ruined by the French Though in the Protection of its own Bishop yet it is a Free Imperial City and herefore a pleasant Village situate in the Woods and Hills amongst sweet Springs which fell down from those Hills frequently visited by Landebert Bishop of Tongres who was afterwards slain here by Dodon a Servant of Pepin King of France The See was first settled at Tongres from thence removed to Maestricht and at last by S. Hubartus one of these Bishops settled at Liege It takes this Name from a small River which there falls into the Maes a vast part of the Ground within its Walls is not built but imployed in Vineyards and Orchards and withal so very fruitful that it may contend with Sicily In this City Charles the Great kept his Christmas in the year 769. Henry IV. died here of Grief in 1197. In the year 1131. Pope Innocent II. crowned the Emperor Lottharius in the Church of S. Lambert here Henry VI. reduced this City then in Rebellion in 1191. It is supposed by some to be built by Amborix a German Prince mentioned by Julius Caesar It suffered much from the Normans much also from one of the Dukes of Brabant who in 1212. took it and suffered it to be plundered six days together in the fifteenth Century Charles Duke of Burgimdy taking advantage of their Disagreement in the Election of a Bishop grievously afflicted it in 1468. and destroyed a part of it in this last Age it has been ill treated by its Bishops and the French taking it by surprize in 1675 the next year after ruined the Castle so that it is no great wonder if after all these Calamities the number of its Inhabitants are diminished The Baron D'Elderen great Dean of the Cathedral was chosen Bishop and Prince of Liege by plurality of Votes against the Cardinal of Furstenburgh August 17. 1688. The Bishoprick of Liege or Luyck is a part of the Circle of Westphalia though annexed to the Spanish Netherlands its ancient Inhabitants were the Eburones of old called Tungri also It is bounded on the East and South by the Dukedoms of Limburgh and Luxemburgh on the West by Brabant and the Earldom of Namur and on the North by the Vpper Guelderland Luxemburgh Namur and Hainault have every of them agrandised themselves with the Spoils of this Diocese The principal City is Liege the rest are Dinant S. Trayen Huy Maseich and Tongres besides these it contained fifty two Baronies eighteen walled Towns and four hundred Villages being no less populous than fruitful It is thirty one Miles long and fifteen broad the Valleys produce plenty of Grass the Plains of Corn the Hills of Wines the Mountains have their Quarries of Marble and Mines of Lead Iron and Brimstone and Pit-Coal in abundance Its Forests affords all sorts of Venison in great plenty besides the Maes which runs the whole length of this Country it has fourteen other Rivers some very considerable which both inrich the Lands promote Trade and afford them a great plenty of Fish and after all the Air is very temperate and healthful Lier Ledo a River in the Low-Countries Liere Lier a very strong Town in Brabant in the District of Antwerp seated upon the great Nethe which falls two Miles further to the South into the Ruypel This Town is under the Spaniards and is a Frontier against the Hollanders two Miles from Mechelen to the North six from Brussels to the North-West and three from Antwerp to the East Naturally very strong by its Situation and made much more so by Art See Lire Liesse or Notre Dame de Liesse a small Town in Laonnois County in Picardy famous for the Devotions there paid to a Chappel of the Virgin Mary Lieuvin a District belonging to the City of Lisieux in Normandy which lies between Auge to the West the Mouth of the Seine to the North the Territory of Roan to the East and the Territory d' Ouche to the South This was the Seat of the Lexovii a Gaulish Tribe and is now called Lexoviensis Ager from them Lignitz Lignitia Lignitium Hegetmatia a City of Silesia in Bohemia upon the River Katzbach Caâ—us which falls into the Oder not two Miles from Jawer to the North five from Glogaw and seven from Wratislaw It was heretofore under a Duke of its own together with a small Territory belonging to it and has a noble Castle at this day The Dutchy since 1675. is in the Emperor as King of Bohemia Ligor Ligorium a City of the Kingdom of Siam in the East-Indies upon the Promontory of Malaca near the Bay of Siam in the middle between the City of Judia Vdia or Odida the
Centre of the County to which it gives name large well built and populous extending from the top of a high Hill where Lindum the old Roman Town stood its Ditches and Rampier being still visible a great way downwards unto the River In this Town the Valiant Britain Vortimer died in 456 being Poysoned by Rowena the Daughter of Hengist and Wife of Vortiger The Saxons after this ruined Lindum and built Lincoln nearer the River about the times when Paulinus first Preached the Christian Faith to them The Danes destroyed it twice In the time of Edward the Confessor here was one thousand and seventy Mansions In the Norman times no City in England was more Rich or Populous as Will. of Malmsbury acquaints us Will. the Conqueror thought fit to build here a very strong Castle upon the top of the Hill aforesaid to awe the Inhabitants Remigius Bishop of Dorchester near Oxon at the same time removed the Sea hither and built the Cathedral above the same Hill In the Reign of Edward III. it was made a Mart or Staple King Stephen was overcome and taken Prisoner near this City in 1140. Sept. 5. in a great Battel with Maud the Empress and afterwards at Bristol laid in Irons Henry III. had better success here when it being defended by the Barons against him under Prince Lewis in 1217. May 19. he took it forced Lewis to Flee to London and soon after into France Mr. Cambden observes that of fifty Churches standing within an hundred Years of his time there were only eighteen left It hath by times gone through all the calamities of Fire Sword and Earthquake Yet a large populous and well frequented place still and enjoying the greatest Diocese of any in the Kingdom as the Cathedral there called commonly the Minster is one of the stateliest Piles perhaps in Christendom It hath the privilege also of being a County Corporate whose Liberties extend about twenty Miles in compass with the title of the County of the City of Lincoln It s Long. 22. 52. Lat. 53. 12. Lincolnshire is bounded on the North by the Humber and the British Sea on the East by the same Sea and part of Norfolk on the South by Cambridge Northampton and Rutlandshire on the West by Leicester Nottingham and Yorkshire It is a very large County extending in length from North to South almost sixty Miles and carrying in some places thirty in breadth fruitful in Corn and Grass thick set with Towns and well watered with Rivers As the Humber the Trent which severs part of it from Nottinghamshire the Witham running a cross it the Woland and the Nen. The whole is divided into Lindsey to the Northward which takes up about one half Holland towards the Sea Southward and Kesteven West from thence which three divisions contain six hundred and thirty Parishes and thirty five Market Towns Here is plenty of Fowl and Fish The old Inhabitans were the Coritani The present Earl of this County is Edward Lord Clinton who succeeded in 1667 being the fifth of his Family that has born this Title and the sixteenth Earl Edward Fines Lord Clinton Lord Admiral having obtained this Honor from Qu. Elizabeth in 1565 before whose time the same title had passed through several Families by frequent interruptions Lincopen Lincopia Lingacopia a City of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Ostro-Gothia between Soderkoping to the East and Wadtena to the West twenty eight German Miles from Stockholm to the South-West and almost eight East from the Lake of Veter Long. 32. 48. Lat. 58. 3. The City is very small and inconsiderable We read of a Synod celebrated at it in 1148. under P. Eugenius III. It is also written Lindkeeping Lindaw Lindavia Lindavilum Philyra a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben in an Island in the Lake of Constance joined to the Continent by a Bridge two hundred and ninety Paces long It is an Imperial and Free City situate in the borders of Switzerland eight Miles from Constance to the North-East and grew up out of the ruins of Aeschach a place near to it Very strong both by its Site and by Art and therefore it the more easily repelled the Forces of Count Wrangel the Swedish General who in 1647. besieged it The beginning of this City was a Monastery built here by Adelbert Rorbuck a Kinsman of Charles the Great in 810. This occasioned the building of a Village and the Site being pleasant fruitful and convenient it grew up by degrees to a City at first subject to the Abbess after that to the Dukes of Schwaben obtaining its Privileges since from Rudolphus I. Frederick III. and Sigismond Lindo Lindus a Sea-Port Town in the Isle of Rhodes the Christian Inhabitants of which can bring about twenty good and large Ships into the Grand Seignior's Service Line a rivulet in Staffordshire upon which Newcastle stands thence commonly called Newcastle upon Line to distinguish it from Newcastle upon Tine Lindsey one of the three parts of the County of Lincoln containing all the Northern parts from the River Witham to the Humber and from the Ocean to Trent This was in 1626. by Charles I. made an Earldom and granted to Robert Bartie Lord Willoughby of Eresby Lord Great Chamberlain of England who died in the Bed of Honour at Edge-Hill October 23. 1642. being the King's General in that Battel The present Earl Robert Bartie the third of this Family succeeded in 1666. Lingen Lingo a strong Town in Westphalia which is the Capital of a County of the same Name under the Prince of Orange upon the River Ems forty five Miles from Munster to the North and fifty five from Emden to the South The County that belongs to it lies in the Bishoprick of Munster and is very small It belonged to the Spaniards in the time of Charles V. but is now in the hands of the Prince of Orange Linlithgo Linlithquo Lithquo Lindum a Town and a County in the South of Scotland The Town standeth on the South side of the Fyrth of Edenburgh twenty two Miles from that City to the West This Place as Mr. Cambden saith is called Lindum by Ptolemy and it takes its Name from a great Lake in this small County from which ancient the present Name is derived Linosa an Island of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Africa near Maltha It depends upon the Island of Maltha Linton a Market Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Chilford Lintz Aurelianum Lentia called by Aurelian Lyncia Lyncium and by some understood to be the Aredate of Ptolemy is the Capital City of the Vpper Austria small but populous seated upon the Danube over which it has a Bridge and in it a magnificent Castle whither the Emperors of the House of Austria have frequently retired for their Pleasure and Divertisement It stands six German Miles from Passaw to the East and twenty four from Vienna to the West Dr. Brown gives this account of
by the Arabs Hamammetha In the Year 394. a Council was held here the Canons whereof are confused amongst the Body of the Canons of the African Church Long. 36. 40. Lat. 32. 40. Majaquana one of the Luccaye Islands belonging to North America between Hispaniola to the South and Samana to the North. Maida a Principality in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples near Nicastro Maidenhead a Market Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Bray Maidstone Madus Vagniacae is a fair sweet populous Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Medway near its head from which it has this name There is a fair Stone Bridge built by the Archbishops of Canterbury over this River Edward VI. Incorporated this Town and granted it a Mayor which was taken from them in Queen Maries time for favouring Wyat's Rebellion in 1554. But Queen Elizabeth restored them to their former State In ancient times their chief Magistrate was called a Portgreve from Grave an old German word still used by the Germans in Markgrave Reingrave and Landtgrave Charles I. added another Honor to this Place when in 1628. he created Elizabeth Finch Grandmother to the late Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey late Lord Chancellor of England Viscountess of Maidstone and Countess of Winchelsey with an Entail upon her Heir Males which Honors are now possessed by Heneage Her Grandchild the Second of this Family Heneage late Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chancellor of England was another of Her Posterity This is the Town where the Assizes and Sessions are kept with which honour it has that of the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Maienne See Mayenne Majella Nicates a Mountain in Abruzzo a Province of the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara Aternus as Holstenius affirms Maillezais or Mallezais Malleaca Malleacum a small City in Poictou in France seated in a Morass made by the Rivers Seure Niortoise which falls into the Bay of Aquitain and the Hautize The ancient Earls of Poictou and Dukes of Guyenne chose it for their Residence and Founded in it an Abbey about the Year 1030. which by P. John XXII in 1317. was changed into a Bishops See but being little inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air the Bishoprick was suppressed in 1649. and the City of Rochell substituted in its place by Pope Innocent X. It stands nine Leagues from Rochell to the North-East and five from Niore to the South Long. 19. 36. Lat. 46. 21. according to the last Maps Mailly a Seigniory near Amiens in Picardy giving name to an honorable Family of that Province Maina or Maines or Braccio di Maina a City on the South of the Morea supposed to have been the ancient Leuctra or Tenarus in Laconia on the East side of the Gulph of Coron North of Cape Matapan the most South Cape of the Morea The Inhabitants are called the Mainotes and have in this present War contributed very much to the driving the Turks out of the Morea by serving in great numbers under the Venetians against them It is said it was a Common-wealth before but Coronelli in his late description of the Morea assures us it was a Fort built by the Turks upon the Ruins of Cersapolis to keep these Mainotes under who being impatient of the Turkish Slavery and extremely Warlike had betaken themselves to the Rocks and Forests and would pay no Tribute to the Turks thereupon the Turks began to build the Fort of Maina but Querini Captain of the Gulph for the Venetians in 1570. understanding their design Landed and by the help of the Mainotes took this Fort and ruined it entirely by which means the Mainotes were preserved and obliged to the Service of this State Main Amber a noted strong Rock nigh to Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwall mounted upon others of a lesser size with so equal a ponderation that it may be stirred 't is said yet not moved out of its place Maine le Maine Cenomanensis Provincia is a great and fruitful Province in France the old Inhabitants of which were the Cenomani Aulerci its greatest extent is from East to West on the North it is bounded by Normandy on the West by Bretagne This part is called the Lower Maine on the South by Anjou and on the East by Le Perche This the Vpper Maine and of the two the most fruitful and pleasant The Rivers Huisne Sarte and Mayenne water it The Principal City in it is Mans the next Mayenne Charles the second Son of Francis Duke of Guise being made Duke of Maine and after that General of the League against Henry III. and IV. of France made this Province frequently mentioned in the Histories of France of those times The Common Proverb of the People of this Province is Qu' un Manceau vaut un Norman demy One Man of Maine is worth one Norman and the half of another Main Land Pomona the Principal of the Isles of Orkney which is twenty two English Miles long and has a Town called Kirkwall on the Northern Shoar for its Capital its greatest extent is from East to West and its greatest breadth about ten Miles The Mainotes See Maina Maintez Meintez See Mentz Majorca or Mallorca Balearium insulae Palma Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastern Coast of Spain over against the Kingdom of Valencia at the distance of about sixty Miles between Minorca to the East and Yvica to the West which three Islands constituted the Kingdom of Majorca so called from this the greatest of them It s Circuit is near one hundred and ten Miles the Principal City is Mallorca Palma or Majorca which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and a flourishing University in which Raymundus Lullius taught and his tenets are now ex instituto maintained It is great strong and has a Haven belonging to it on the Western shoar of the Island Long. 24. 40. Lat. 40. 00. The Maps place it in Lat. 38. 26. The Inhabitants of this Island were of old famous Archers from whence they were called Baleares at first they went naked being subdued by the Carthaginians Anno Mundi 3500. they became more civilized and served in the Carthaginian Wars against the Romans till together with Spain they fell under that Republick in the Year of Rome 630. 521 Years before the Birth of our Saviour The Moors were their next Masters who crossing out of Africa took Possession of them about the same time they Conquered Spain Raymund Earl of Barcelone by the assistance of the Genouese expelled the Moors in 1102 but the Genouese as if they had repented this good Deed restored them again In 1228. they were finally ex elled by James King of Arragon This Prince in 1230. made James his Son King of Majorca whose Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom till 1341. when James III. the fourth King of Majorca was slain in Battel by Pedro IV. King of Arragon and ever since
became Bishop of it from whom the present Bishop Dr. Levinz is the fourteenth and the twenty ninth of those whose Names are Recorded This Bishop is no Lord of the Parliament of England tho presented to the King for his Assent Royal and to the Archbishop of York for Consecration by reason he holds immediately not of the King but of the Lord of Man to whom under the Fief and Sovereignty of the King belongs the Right of Nomination Manar Manaria a small Island with a City on it which is in the Hands of the Hollanders it lies in the Streight between the Island of Ceylon and the Coast of Malabar in the East-Indies and gives Name to that Streight Long. 108. 30. Lat. 09. 33. Manceaux the People of Maine a Province in France La Mancha Lamitanus Ager a Province in the South of New Castile in Spain the Seat of the Oretani an ancient People of Spain mentioned by Strabo and Pliny It is divided into La Mancha d' Arragon and La Mancha Cieca La Manche Mare Britannicum the French Name of the British Sea lying between France and England Manchester Manduessedum a Town in the County of Warwick mentioned by Antoninus now a poor Village of about fourteen Houses one Mile from Atherstone to the South and eight from Covenventry to the North § Manchester Mancunium Manucium a very rich populous and beautiful Market-Town upon the East side of the River Spoden near the Borders of Cheshire at the South End of the County of Lancaster in the Hundred of Salford in which Thomas Lord de la Ware founded a a College This was an ancient Roman City and being ruined in the Saxon and Danish Wars was rebuilt by Edward the Elder about 920. The College has been since refounded and confirmed by Queen Elizabeth and is still in being There is also a Collegiate Church Charles I. added another Honour to this Place by creating Henry Montague Earl of Manchester in 1625. which Honour is now possessed by Edward Montague his Grand child the third Earl of this family Mandignan Hesperium Cornu Cape Verde the most Western Cape of Africa Mande Mimatium a City of Aquitain in Languedoc in France towards the Mountains of Sevennes and the Fountains of the River Lot Olda which is a Bishop See under the Archbishop of Alby called by some Latin Writers Anderitum and Gabalum the Capital of the Territory of Givaudan four Miles from Jaoux where are are the Ruins of that old City out of which this we are speaking of sprung being before only a Village at the Foot of this Mountain ten Leagues from S. Flour to the North East fourteen from from Rhodez to the East It stands in a mountainous but fruitful Soil and it is honoured with the Bones of S. Privatus a Martyr The Bishop enjoys divers great Privileges together with the Title of an Earl Mandinga a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa betwixt the River Niger to the North and the Kingdom of Malaguette to the South its Capital City bearing the same Name Mandou a City and Kingdom in the Empire of the Great Mogul in the East Indies Mandoua a River in the Kingdom of Decam which falls by the City of Goa into the Indian Ocean See Goa Mandrerey a River in the Island of Madegascar it springs in a Territory of its own Name and greatned with the Currents of divers other Rivers discharges it self into the Ocean at the North of the Island near the Province of Carcanossi Manfredonia Sepontum Novum Manfredonia a City in the Province called the Capitanato in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and has this Name from Manfredus King of Naples Son of Frederick II. Emperor of Germany who built it about the year 1256. Not above two Miles from hence at the Foot of Mount Gargano are shewn the Ruins of Sepontum an old ruined Roman Town the See of which was Translated to Manfredonia It has a large Haven a strong Castle seated twenty five Miles from Nocera to the East and twenty two from the Mouth of the River Ofanto Aufidus to the North. Taken once by the Turks in the year 1620. and miserably defaced spoiled and ruined since in some degree repaired but the memory of that Calamity has made it little poor and not much inhabited A Provincial Council was assembled at it in 1567. Long. 40. 10. Lat. 41. 40. Mangalor Mangalora a City of the Kingdom of Bisnagar upon the Western Shoar which has a Castle and an Harbour upon the Indian Sea in a Tract called Canara towards Malabar Heretofore under the Portuguese This may possibly be the same with that the Ancients called Mandagara Long. 105. 00. Lat. 12 30. Mangresia Magnesia the Capital City of Caria a Province in the Lesser Asia near the River Maeander whence it was called Magnesia ad Maeandrum to distinguish it from some other Cities of the same Name Before this it was called Thessaloce and Androlitia as Pliny saith It stands near Mount Thorax seventy Miles from Smyrna to the North-East and twenty six from Ephesus Themistocles the Athenian died here in Banishment and Antiochus King of Syria sixty three years before the Birth of our Savour Long. 57. 00. Lat. 39. 00. Manhate the same with New Amsterdam in North America in New-Holland Manheim Manbemium a Fortress in the Lower Palatinate where the Rhine and the Necker meet grown up to a City whereas before it was only a Village Frederick IV. Elector Palatine in 1606. fortified it In 1622. the Spaniards took and dismantled it Being restored by the Treaty of Munster to this House Charles Lewis the last Elector resortified it It stands three German Miles from Spire to the North and as much from Heydelburgh to the West It has a very strong Castle called Friderichsbourgh near it upon the Rhine lies another called Eichelsheim now ruined in which John XXIII Pope was kept two years a Prisoner after he was deposed by the Council of Constance The French possessed themselves both of the City and Fortress Nov. 13. 1688. S. Manehu See S. Meneboult ◠Manifold a River of Staffordshire Manille Manilla the same with Lusson Maningtree or Manytree a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Tendring Manissa Magnesia a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Smyrna twenty four Miles from Smyrna to the North West Now in a tolerable Condition under the Turks and the Capital of a Province Manoa el dorado a Town in South America in Guiana upon the Western Shoar of the Lake of Parime concerning which the Indians report great things but it was never yet seen by any European Manosque Manuesca a Town in Provence in France in the Diocese of Sisteron in a Plain one League from the River Durance belonging to the Order of the Knights of Malta by the Concession the ancient Counts of Forcalquier who had a Palace in it Some would have it to
imagine that it was built upon the ruines of the ancient Vibo Valentia Montelimar Mons limarii a Town in Dauphine in France upon the River Rubion and about one League from the Rhosne It is a large handsome well peopled Town with divers religious Houses in it and a Cittadel Frequently taken and retaken in the Wars of Religion in the last Age but chiefly addicted to the Huguenot Party Monte Marano Mons Maranus a very small City in the Further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples which is yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento It stands ten Miles from Avellino to the East Monte Peloso Mons Pilosus Pelosius Pelusius c. a small but populous City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Acerenza tho exempt from his Jurisdiction This Bishoprick was instituted by Pope Sixtus IV. in 1643. It stands upon the Borders of the Dutchy of Bari betwixt Acerenza and Matera Montepulciano Mons Politianus a City in the Province of Toscana in Italy towards the States of the Church and the Lake of Chiano upon an Hill It hath the Title of an Episcopal See and may deserve a further Remark for being the Birth-place of the ingenious Angelus Politianus Monte S. Angelo a City and Archbishoprick in the Kingdom of Naples Montereau faut Yonne Mons Regalis Monasteriolum ad Icaunam a Town in Champagne where the Duke of Burgundy the sworn Enemy of the House of Orleans was basely murthered September 10. 1419. It stands seven Leagues from Melun towards Sens at the conjunction of the River Yonne with the Seine and had heretofore a Palace Royal to adorn it Montesia a Town in the Kingdom of Valentia which gave Name to an Order of Knights founded in 1317. after the abolishing of the Templars at this Town Monte-verde Mons Viridis a small City in the Further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples in the Confines of Terra di Bari which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Consa This See in 1531. was united with the titular Archbishoprick of Nazareth It stands upon the River Ofanto thirteen Miles from Consa to the East and twenty three from Acerenza Montferrat Montisferrat Monferrat Monferato Mons Ferratus a Province of Italy Honored with the Title of a Dukedom in 1570. It is bounded on the East with the Dukedom of Milan the States of Genoua on the North with the Territories of Vercelli Biella and Canavese on the West by Piedmont cut off from it by the Apennine and on the South the Dukedom of Milan So very fruitfull and well cultivated tho it be Hilly that it is thought to have its Name à Feracitate from its Fertility It has been ever since 1535 under the Duke of Mantoua to whom it came by the Marriage of Margaret Sister of Boniface the last Earl of this Country Heretofore the Territory of Canavese was a part of it which by the Treaty in 1631 was together with the rest of this Dukedom beyond the Po to the North granted to the Duke of Savoy The chief places under the Duke of Mantoua are Casale Arqui Nizza and Paglia Under the Duke of Savoy Turino Alba and Verua Valenza and Bassinia did together with Mondovi belong to it but now dismembred and annexed to the Dukedom of Milan Montgatz a Town in the Vpper Hungary in the County of Pereczas and an Episcopal See hereâ—ofore under the Greek Church so strongly fortified with Ditches and three Castles upon a Hill where nothing can command them that no Army without very great loss is able to approach it The Princess Ragotski a Roman Catholick Lady Wife to Count Teckely and Relict of the Prince Ragotski the last of that ancient and noble Family of Batori which hath furnished Kings to Poland and Princes to Transilvania held out this place in the behalf of her Husband against the Emperor in 1687 till after a Blockade of seven Months she was necessitated to surrender Jan. 25. 1688 upon these Conditions amongst others that she should deliver up all the Ensigns of Sovereignty in her custody wherewith Count Teckely had been invested by the Turk as Prince of Hungary and take the City of Vienna for her Prison not to remove thence without the Emperor's leave Montgomery Mons Gomerici a small Town in Lisieux in Normandy the Count of which unfortunately slew Henry II. King of France with a Launce in a Just in 1559 who afterwards joining with the Rebels against the Crown was beheaded more on the score of this old Misfortune than on the account of that Rebellion This Town stands two French Leagues and an half from Lisieux to the South and above three from Argentan to the North. Montgomeryshire Comitatus Montgomeriensis one of the Twelve Shires of Wales called by the Welsh Sire Trefaldwin Bounded upon the North with Denbigh on the East with Shropshire on the South with Radnor and Cardigan and on the West with Merionethshire Very Mountainous but being well watered with Rivers and Springs nevertheless very fruitful The ancient Inhabitants were called by the Romans Ordovices a valiant and warlike People hardly subdued in the Reign of Domitian Nor were they conquered by the English before the Reign of Edward I. This County takes its Name from a Town seated upon a high Hill in the Eastern Border towards Radnor between the Severn which riseth in this County and the Kemlet it has been walled on the North of it stands a fair Castle which saith Mr. Speed is now well repaired This Town was built by Roger de Montgomery a Norman Earl and from him had its Name Philip Herbert second Son of Henry Earl of Pembroke was by James I. in the year 1605 made Earl of Montgomery which Honor is now possessed by Philip III. who is the fourth Earl of this Family and succeeded William his half Brother in the Year 1674. It returns one member to the House of Commons Monthelon or Montolon a Town in the Dukedom of Burgundy near Autun which gives name to a family of honour Montignac Montiniacum a small Town in the Province of Perigord in Aquitain in France upon the River Vezereâ— here covered with a Bridge four or five Leagues from Sarlat and a little more from Perigeux The Castle of it used to be the Seat of the ancient Counts of Perigord for which reason they commonly surname it Montignac le Comté Montigni le Roy a Town in the County of Bassigni in Champaigne upon the Meuse which hath its source near it in Latin Montiniacum Regium Montilli or Monteil Some apprehend this place to be the same with Montelimar in Dauphine Some situate it in Languedoc and others upon the Rhosne And the reason there is this notice taken of it is a Council Assembled at it in 1208. against the Albigenses wherein it was resolved that Raymond VI. Earl of Tolouse the supporter of their cause should be cited to appear in Person at Valence
possessed themselves of Mount Palamede forced the Town to surrender It was the ordinary Residence of a Sangiack and inhabited by a great number of Greeks with others Golfo di Napoli in which this City stands was of old called Sinus Argolicus Napolouse Neapolis an ancient Town in Palestine at the foot of the Mountain Gerizim otherwise called Sichar Sichem Nabartho and Mrothia in the year 1120. the Patriarch of Jerusalem assembled a Council at it It is misplaced by Eusebius and Epiphanius near Jericho Narbarth a Market Town in Pembrockshire The Capital of its Hundred Narbon Narbo Narbona Narbo Martius Civitas Aracinorum Colonia Decumanorum an ancient Roman City in Languedoc in France built by the Romans as Polybius saith in the one hundred and sixtieth Olymp. one hundred and thirty eight years before the Birth of our Saviour an Archbishops See seated upon a Branch of the River Aude which was made by the Romans and commonly called la Robine twelve Miles from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North ten from Carcassone to the East and sixteen from Mompellier to the West Julius Caesar Crassâ—s and Tiberius obliged this City with considerable Privileges The Proconsuls of Gallia Narbonensis made it their Residence built a Capitol an Amphitheatre Schools Baths Aquaducts with all the Marks of the Majesty of the Romans in it In 435. the Wisigoths besieged and and took it In the times of the first Kings of France Tholouse it self was a Suffragan to this Archbishop In 733. this City was taken by the Moors or Saracens and much ruined till Charles Martel recovered it again out of their hands To prevent this for the future its Fortifications are carefully kept which with the number of its Inhabitants give it a sufficient security Yet taken by the Black Prince in an Inroad he made with a small Army from Bourdeaux in 1355. It contains five Parishes was heretofore governed by its own Viscounts and Dukes and some write that Paulus Sergius the Proconsul converted by S. Paul was its first Bishop Several small French Synods have been assembled at it Narden See Naerden Nardo Neritum a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Brindisi but exempt from his Jurisdiction Built in a Plain four Miles from the Bay of Taranto and nine from Gallipoli to the North. Pope John XXIII instituted this Bishoprick in 1413. Pope Alexander VII was Bishop thereof before his Elevation to the See of Rome It also gives the Title of a Duke Narenta Naro a City of Dalmatia upon a River of the same Name thirty five Miles from Dolcigno to the North fourteen from Ragusa to the North-East upon a Bay of the Gulph of Venice of the same Name Heretofore the Capital of Dalmatia a great and populous City but being taken by the Venetians in 987. and deprived of these Advantages it began to decay and altho now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ragusa in a fruitful Plain yet it is but small to what it has been Baudrand saith it is in the Hands of the Turks but when it came into their Power or whether it is not since retaken by the Venetians I know not Narni Narnia a City under the Pope upon the River Nera forty Miles from Rome which is a Bishops See under the Pope only and was the Birth-place of Nerva the Roman Emperor Six Miles from Terni also Pope John XIII was a Bishop of this See Narova a great Lake in New France in America Narsinga Caramania Narsinga Narsinganum a City and Kingdom on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies subject to the Kingdom of Bisnagar and sometimes called by the same Name with it The City is great and populous and stands upon a River thirty five Miles from the City Bisnagar See Bisnagar Narsingipatan a City in the Kingdom of Golconda in the East-Indies on the Western Shoar of the Bay of Bengala Narva a City of Livonia upon a River of the same Name which separates Livonia from the Dominion of the Duke of Moscovy over against which on the Eastern Bank of the River lies the Castle of Ivanowgorod both under the Swedes The City is very strong thirty Swedish Miles from Reval to the East and about one from the Bay of Finland The Castle was built by the Russ and being founded on a Rock in the River was thought Impregnable till taken by the Swedes in 1617. ever since which time they have been possessed of it Wolmar II. King of Denmark is said to have built this City in 1213. John Basilovitz Duke of Moscovy took it in 1558. Pontus de la Garde General of the Swedish Forces retook it September 6. 1581. Ever since the Swedes have kept it About 1654. all the Trade of Moscovy was driven by this Port by reason of a War between England and Holland which hindered the Navigation to Arch-Angel It stands in Lat. 60. 00. The River of Narva riseth out of the Lake of Peipis and falls into the Gulph of Finland in a manner as broad as the Elbe but much swifter about half a League above Narva it falls from a steep Rock which breaks the Water into small Particles and throws them into the Air so that when the Sun shines they form a pleasant kind of Rainbow But this hinders the bringing Goods by Water to the Town and inforceth the unlading the Boats above this Cataract Nasacepha Selucia Bagdat Nasamones an ancient People of Libya in Africa mentioned by Herodotus Strabo Pliny c. They are diversly placed by them sometimes near the Atlantick Ocean sometimes by the Sea of Marmora and again towards the Syrtes Magna of Barbary Nascaro Siâ—is a River in the Further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples Nassaw Nassovia a small Town in Weteraw upon the River Lhone two Miles from the Rhine to the East five from Bingen to the North and twelve from Cologne under its own Prince From whence the Family of Nassaw has iâ—s Rise § The Principality of Nassaw is a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine which lies partly in Westerwaldt and partly in Weteraw between the Dukedom of Westphalia the Vpper Hassia and the Bishoprick of Trier beyond the Rhine It was at first a County but made a Principality by Ferdinand III. in 1653. Adolphus the Emperor was of this Family chosen in 1462. and the Earls of Sarbruck But the Noblest Branch is that of Orange in whose Honour the Dutch have given the Name of Nassaw to two of their Forts in Foreign Parts the one in Guinee the other in the Island Motir amongst the Moluccaes also to a small Island they call Nassâ—â—â— Eylandt in the Indian Ocean belonging to Asia and to Weigatts Streights otherwise called the Streights of Nassaw Nascivan Naksivan or Naxivan Naxuana a a City of the Greater Armenia mentioned by Ptolemy which is an Archbishops See at the Foot of Mount Ararat or Taurus between the Caspian
the East three from Ingolstad and the same distance from Aichstadt to the South The Duke of Newburg is lately become Elector Palatine by the Death of Charles the last Elector without Issue Newenburg Newburg Neopyrgum a small City in Schwaben in the Dukedom of Wurtsburg upon the River Entz in the Borders of the Marquisate of Baden six German Miles from Stugart to the West and as much from Spire to the South Newenburg Newbourg Neoburgum a Town in Brisgow upon the Rhine between Brisach to the North and Basil to the South heretofore a Free Imperial City but in 1410. exempted and granted to the House of Austria Since that in 1675. it was much damnified and in part destroyed Newenstad Neustad Neostadium a City in Austria which is one of the principal Cities in that Dukedom built in a Marshy low Ground upon a small River six German Miles from Vienna to the North. The Town is of a square Form with a Piazza in the middle incompassed with two Walls and a Ditch The outward Wall is not high the inward is of no great strength yet has defeated two Attempts of the Turks against it in the latter of which Solyman the Magnificent in 1529. Stormed this Town seven times in one day and was every time repulsed In this City the Emperor has a Palace of a square building with four Towers which may be seen a great way off There is another City of the same name in Bohemia in the Dukedom of Oppelen near the Borders of the Dukedom of Grotkaw five Miles from Oppelen There is a third in the Palatinate of the Rhine four German Miles from Spire to the West and two from Landaw to the North once an Imperial City but now exempt A fourth in the Dukedom of Wurtsburg two Miles from Wimpfen to the East and a little more from Hailbrun A fifth in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Leyne six Miles from Zell to the West which is under the Duke of Hannover Newent a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Botlow The New Forest a Forest in Hampshire in compass about thirty Miles in which Richard the second Son of William the Conqueror was killed by a Deer William his third Son was accidentally slain by Sr. Walter Tyrrel and Robert Curtoyse his Grandson was struck into the jaws by the bough of a Tree and dyed Which fatalities have been the more remarked because to make this Forest compleat for game William the Conqueror caused no less than thirty Parish Churches with many Towns and Villages to be levelled to the ground Newhausel Neoselium a strong but small Town in the Vpper Hungary called by the Hungarians Owar it stands upon the River Nitria two German Miles from the Danube to the North and eleven from Presburg to the East It is sented in a Marsh which is its greatest strength It has six Bastions made in the form of a Star and walled up Breast height above the Level within the Dike not broad or deep The Grand Vister sat down before this Town August 14. 1663. and took it the 27. with the loss of fifteen thousand Men. He immediately endeavoured to strengthen it by bringing the River to run round but however July 7. 1685. the Duke of Lorrain sat down before it and took it by Storm August 19. following putting all the Garrison to the Sword Newmarckt Novomarchia a City of Transylvania called by the Hungarians Masserhely It stands upon the River Merisch at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains thirty five Miles from Clausenburgh to the South-East In this City the Assemblies of the States of Transylvania are most usually held New-Market a Town in the Borders of Suffolk and Cambridgeshire in a plain yielding a large prospect ten Miles from Cambridge to the East It consists of two Parishes the one in Suffolk the other in Cambridgeshire Famous for Horse Races and a House belonging to the Kings of England A Fire in this Town saved the Life of Charles II. by necessitating his return before the time appointed which prevented the designs of the Rie-House Conspirators Newnham a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Fauseley Newport Medena Novus Portus a Town in the Isle of Wight which is the Capital of the Island Well seated much frequented and very populous It has a small Haven and is a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to Parliament by the Grant of James I. Charles I. honoured it also by Creating Mountjoy Blount Earl of Newport in 1628. This Honour is now enjoyed by Henry his Son who is the third Earl of this Family Long. 19. 14. Lat. 50. 40. Newport upon the Usk a considerable Sea-Port Town in the County of Monmouth seated between the Ebwith and the Vsk with a fair Bridge over the latter two Miles from the Severn to the North. As the Vske discharges it self into the Severn it makes a good haven which bears the name of this Town Newport Pagnel a Market Town in Buckinghamshire upon the Ouse over which it hath two Bridges The Capital of its Hundred Newport in Pembrokeshire is a considerable Town in the North-West part of that County upon the Irish Sea built at the foot of an high Mountain by the side of the River Neverns By Martin of Tours and the procurement of his Posterity made a Corporation also returning one member to the English Parliament in which afterwards they built a Castle for their Habitation Newport in Shropshire a handsome Market Town in the Hundred of S. Bradford South of Drayton and upon a long plain adjoyning to Staffordshire Newport Novus Portus a strong Sea-Port Town in Flanders of old called Santhoft that is the Sandy Head It has a competent Haven upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Yperle five Leagues from Dunkirk to the East and three from Ostend to the West Still in the Hānds of the Spaniards Near this place Prince Maurice of Nassaw gave the Spaniards a great overthrow Feb. 25. 1600. Newton a Market and Borough-town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford privileged with the Election of two Parliament-men Newton-Abbot or Newton-Bishops a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Heyter Newtown a Market Town in the County of Montgomery in Wales in the Hundred of Kidriorn Neyland a considerable Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Babergh upon the River Stower It stands in a rich bottom and drives the cloathing Trade Neytracht See Nitracht Niancheu Niancheum a considerable City in the Province of Chekram in China Niaren More the Russian Name of the North Ocean or Frozen Sea called Mare Scythicum Nicaragua a Region in New Spain in North America of great extent between the North Sea to the East the South Sea to the West the Province of Hondura to the North and La Costa Rica to the South Also called New Leon from Leon de Nicaragua the principal City in it which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico
Over the Trent and the Line it has two Bridges besides two others over two Ponds called the Cheney Bridges It has three Churches and a strong and goodly Castle built on a steep Rock on the West side of the Town In the Reign of Burthred King of the Mercians and Aethelred King of the VVest-Saxons the Danes having got the Possession of this Castle kept it against three Kings united against them and forced them to a Peace After this Edward the Elder walled the Town the South part of which was standing in Mr. Cambden's time The Castle which is now standing was rebuilt by VVilliam the Conqueror to curb the English Edward IV. repaired it In 1â—75 it was besieged by Henry II. but could not be taken In the Barons Wars it was surprised by Robert de Ferrariis an Earl otherwise it was never taken by force as the same Author observes Long. 22. 14. Lat. 53. 00. Charles Lord Howard descended from the House of Norfolk by the Mowbrays Earls of this County from 1377. to 1475. was in 1597. created Earl of Nottingham This Family ending in Charles Lord Howard the third in that Line the Honor was conferred May 12. 1681. upon Heneage Lord Finch Baron of Daventry then Lord Chancellor of England and it is now enjoyed by Daniel Son of the said Heneage Nova Antequera a City of New Spain in America in the Province of Oaxaca eighty Spanish Leagues from Mexico to the East seventeen from the North Sea to the South and seventeen from Vera Cruz. It is little and not much inhabited though a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico ever since 1535. Nova Guinea a large Country in the Western part of the Pacifick Ocean which is a part of the Terra Australis on the East of the Molucco Islands First discovered by Andrew Ardaneta a Spaniard in 1528. and then thought to be an Island but since to be a part of the South Continent Novara Novaria a City of Italy which in Pliny's time was the Capital of Insubria It is now a part of the Duchy of Milan and a Bishop's See under that Archbishop the Head of a small Territory called by its name Very strong and can shew many ancient Roman Inscriptions as Testimonies of its Antiquity It stands twenty five Miles from Milan to the West and ten from Turin in a well-watered and fruitful Soil and upon an Eminence well fortified Near this Lewis Sforza Duke of Milan was taken by the French in 1500. But twelve years after the Swiss gave the French a great Overthrow in this Place to abate their joy for their former Success Peter Lombard the Master of the Sentences and sometime Bishop of Paris was a Native of this City and Pope Innocent XI Bishop of it when he was chosen Novellara a fine Town in the Lower Lombardy between the Territories of the Dukes of Mantoua and Modena subject to a Count of its own who is of the Family of Gonzaga ten Miles from Regio towards the North. It has a Castle called Bagnuollo Novibazar Novus Mercatus one of the principal Cities of Servia upon the River Orasâ—a fifty Miles from Nissa to the West Novigrad Novigradum Argyrutum a Town in Dalmatia which has a Castle seated upon a Bay of the same name twenty Miles from Zara to the East and twenty five from Sebenico to the North. It belonged to the Venetians but was taken by the Turks in 1646. Novigrad a small City in the Vpper Hungary which gives name to a County one German Mile from the Danube five from Gran to the North-East and four from Vaccia It has a Castle which is seated on a Rock and a Dike thirty four foot deep cut in the same Rock which makes it almost inaccessible yet the Turks took this strong Place in 1663. Novogorod Velki Novogardia Magna a City of Moscovy called by the Germans Neugarten which is very great and an Archbishops See the Capital of a Principality of the same name seated in a spacious Plain upon the River Wolkow where it issueth from the Lake of Ilmen an hundred and five German Miles from Mosco to the North-West forty six from Pleskow to the East and forty from Narva to the South East Long. 50. 00. Lat. 58. 23. The River Wolchou or Woldga saith Olearius falls by Notteburgh and the Gulph of Finland into the Baltick Sea this River is the chief cause of the Wealth and Greatness of the City being Navigable from its Fountains almost to the Baltick which has made this City the chief for Trade in all the North. Vithold Great Duke of Lithuania was the first who in 1427. obliged this City to pay a vast Tribute John Basilowitz Grotsden Duke of Muscovy overthrew an Army raised by this City in 1477. Thereupon he made himself Master of it and carried thence to Mosco three hundred Wagons loaden with Gold Silver and rich Goods John Basilowitz another of their Princes in 1569. slew two thousand seven hundred and seventy of its Inhabitants and cast them into the River upon a bare groundless suspicion besides a vast number trodden to death by a Party of Horse This City was taken by the Swedes in 1611. and restored to the Russ in 1634. It hath formerly been so puissant that it passed for a common Proverb Who is there that can oppose himself to God and the great City of Novogrod They reckon about seventy Monasteries in it It s largeness has been set in the parallel with that of Rome but its Walls are of Wood and the Buildings mean Novogorod Nisi that is the Lower is a vast City of Moscovy seated upon the Wolga where it takes in the Occa an hundred German Miles from Mosco to the North-East and forty from Wologda to the South-East Novogrod Novogroda sirnamed Litawiski is a City of Lithuania under the Crown of Poland the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name in which the Diet of Lithuania ought by turns with Minsko to be holden It stands scarce four Polish Miles from the River Niemen or Memel and twenty from Vilna to the South Novogrodeck Seviersky a strong City of Russia which has been attributed to Lithuania when under the Poles but now it is under the Russ again It stands upon the River Dezna seventeen Polish Miles from Czernichou to the North-East forty six from Kiovia to the same and the same distance from Smolensko to the South This is also the Capital of a Palatinate Noyon Novomagâ—s Noviodunum a City in the Isle of France near the Borders of Picardy of which it was a part upon the River Vorse which two Miles lower falls into the Oise eight Leagues from Soisons to the South-West fifteen from Amiens six from Reims to the West and twenty two from Paris to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reims the Bishop of it is one of the three Earls and a Peer of France the Diocese which belongs to it is called Le Noyonois â—â—bia a
subordination to it but now much diminished having been often ruinated by the Kings of Arracam Tungking and Siam Nevertheless a fertile Country much visited by the Merchants of Europe In the Year 1568. the King of Pegu knowing the King of Siam to have two white Elephants desired by his Embassadors to purchase one of them at any price required but was refused He therefore entereth in revenge into Siam with a powerful Army and takes the Capital City so that the King of Siam fearing to fall into the hands of his Enemy poysoned himself from which time the Kings of Siam have acknowledged the Soveraignty of the Kings of Pegu. This Kingdom belongs now to the King of Ava The frontiers both of Siam and it suffer the greatest misery by the continual Wars betwixt the two Crowns it lies between the Kingdom of Tungking to the East and that of Arracam to the West Pein Peina a Town in Lunenburg famous for a Fight between Albert Duke of Brandenburg and Mauricius Duke of Saxony July 9. 1553. Maurice got the Victory but died within two days of the Wounds he received Albert being driven out of Germany died in 1557. in France in the XXXV year of his Age having lived much longer than was consistent with his Inconstancy and Perfidy saith Brietius This Town is seated upon the Weser Peiseda reca Peisida a River in the Asian Tartary East of the River Ob whose Fountains are not known as arising in desolate and unfrequented Countries it falls into the Frozen Sea above Nova Zembla Peking Pechinum the principal Province in the Kingdom of China Bounded on the East by Leaotum and Xantum on the North by Tartary and the great Wall on the West by Xansi and on the South by Honan The principal City is Peking Pechinum A vast and populous City which in 1404. became the Royal City of China instead of Nanquin The Inhabitants are innumerable though it has been often taken and plundered in the late Tartarian War It is now recovering those losses and ruins under the King of Tartary who is become the Master of it The Province of Peking contains eight Capital Cities one hundred and thirty five lesser Cities four hundred and eighteen thousand nine hundred eighty nine Families Petlecas Aliacmon Haliacmon a River in Macedonia which falls into the Bay of Thessalonica over against Thessalonia to the South-West thirty three English Miles Called Platamona Bistrisa and Aliagmo from Aliagmon the name it bears in Claudian Pelion See Petras Pella an ancient City of Palaestine in Asia sometime dignified with a Bishops See under the Patriarchs of Jerusalem who for many years kept their Residence here § A second in the Kingdom of Macedonia made famous by the Births of Philip King of Macedon and Alexander the Great his Son thence surnamed Pellaeus Some call it now Janizza others Zuchria It being hitherto extant and noted for excellent Works in Marble § The Ancients mention a third in Achaia Peloponnesus the ancient name of the Morea then divided into these eight parts Achaia properly so called Arcadia Argos Corinthus Elis Laconia Messene and Sicyonia See Morea The famous Peloponnesian War which lasted from the Year of Rome 323 in the 87th Olympiad to the taking of Athens in the Year 350 rather chose to be named from the People of this Country who maintain'd it against the Athenians than from the Athenians their Enemies Pelorus Pelorias or Pelorum the same with Capo di Faro Pelusium See Belvais Pelysz Pelysia a Town in the Lower Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name It lies fifteen Miles from Vaccia to the South-West twenty six from Alba Regalis and twenty from Buda to the North-East Pembridge a Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Stretford upon the River Arrow Penbrokeshire Penbrochium one of the Shires in Wales Bounded on the North by Cardigan separated by the Rivers Tyuy and Keach on the East by Caermarthenshire on the South and West by the Irish Sea From North to South it is twenty six Miles from East to West twenty in Circuit ninety five This County affords Corn and Cattle in great plenty and has a mild and pleasant Air. Penbroke the Town which gives Name to this Shire is one direct Street upon a long narrow Point of a Rock in Milford Haven the Sea every Tide flowing up to the Town-Walls It has a Castle though now ruined and two Parish Churches within the Walls and is a Corporation represented in Parliament by one Burgess The first Earl of Pembroke was Gilbert de Clare Created in 1138. In 1201. it came into the Family of Martial by Marriage this Family enjoyed it six Descents and by Females it continued till the Year 1390. After which it became very unsteady till Edward VI. in 1551. Created William Herbert Lord Steward Earl of Pembroke whose Posterity still enjoy that Honour in the seventh Descent Pendennis a strong Castle in Cornwal Pene Suevus one of the Branches of the Oder in Pomerania Peneus a River in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia which greatned with the Rivers Ion Pattisus and Apidanus passes betwixt the Mountains Ossa and Olympus to surrender it self into the Bay of Thessalonica having first watered the pleasant Fields of Tempe It is now called Salampria The Fiction of the Metamorphosis of Daphne into a Laurel in this River gives it a place in the Writings of the Poets Pengeab the same with Lahor a City in the East-Indies Pengick Penica a City in Misnia upon the River Muldaw between Altemburg to the West and Chemnitz to the East seven German Miles and the same distance from Leipsick to the South Peniel or Penuel an antient City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Reuben beyond the Brook of Jabbov at the foot of Mount Libanus near Tripoli and upon the Frontiers of the Amorites So called from Jacob's Vision of an Angel wrestling with him according to his own Interpretation thereof that he had seen God face to face Gen. 32. 30. Gideon broke down the Tower and slew the Men of this City because they refused to give his Army Bread Judg. 8. 8. 17. But Jeroboam rebuilt it Penk a River in Staffordshire near to which stands Penkridge a Market Town in the Hundred of Cudleston of good Antiquity Penna or Civita di Penna Penna S. Joannis Pinna in Vestinis a City in Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See over which there is no Archbishop who has any Jurisdiction This is very frequent in Italy In 1585. a Synod was assembled here Penna-Fiel Penna fidelis a Town in Old Castile in Spain near the Duero six Leagues from Valadolid It had the honor to give the Title of Duke to Ferdinand the Just King of Arragon from the year 1395. to 1412 before his Ascension to the Crown which Title afterwards was enjoyed by his Son John who succeeding to the Crown also in 1458. changed this Dutchy into a
they oppressed this Nation for many Ages and so harrassed them that no account can be given of the times when the Reigns of their Princes began or ended John XI was the first who began to enfranchise these Countries from the Servitude of the Tartars which they had so long groaned under John Basilovitz the 4th of this Race who began his Reign very young in 1540. ended it by the Conquest of the Tartars and all the petty Princes which had till then reigned in several parts of this Empire This was the cruellest Tyrant that any Age has produced and died as wretchedly as he lived in 1584. Foedor Juanovits his Son succeeded him at the Age of twenty two years he was a perfect natural Fool. There was another Brother called Demetrius of nine years of Age which had more sense But Boris who managed all this under Foedor caused Demetrius to be Murthered In 1597. Foedor dying suddenly without Children Boris was Elected and soon after Deposed in favour of a Counterfeit Demetrius brought in by the Poles after which followed nothing but Calamities and Confusions till in 1615. or as others say in 1612 one Michael Fedrovizt Son of Foedor Nikitis a Kinsman far removed of John Basilovitz was chosen by the Body of this Nation Emperor of Muscovy This Prince settled this vast Empire governed it with more Justice Clemency Prudence and Piety than all his Predecessors had used and at last died in great Honor July 12. 1645. To him Succeeded Alexius his Son The two Princes which some few years since ascended the Throne together are of the same Race Red Russia is a Province under the Crown of Poland sometimes called the Proper Russia and Roxolania it lies extended towards the South between Poland properly so called and Muscovy This contains the Palatinates of Russia properly so called Podolia Volhinia Belza Braslaw Kiovia and the Territory of Chelm being that part of Russia which as I said before was Conquered by the Poles and by Casimir II. in 1342. united for ever to Poland White Russia is a very confiderable Province under the Crown of Poland and so called because it was of old a part of Muscovy or Russia it is divided into six Palatinates which are Novogrod Miscislaw Witebsko Minskie Polokie and Smolenskie This last Palatinate has been recovered in latter times by the Russ and is not now under the Poles Russia properly so called Russi Rutheni is a Province of Poland and a part of Red Russia which has Poland on the West Volhinia and Podolia on the East the Territories of Culm and Belsia on the North and the Carpathian Hills dividing it from Hungary and Transylvania to the South the Capital of it is Lemburgh Some give this Province the name of Black Russia Rustan Rustanus Ager a small Territory in the Province of Bigorre in Aquitain in France near the River Arroux and S. Severe Ruthen a Market Town in Denbyshire in Wales The Capital of its Hundred Rutlandshire Rutlandia is the least of all the Counties of England Bounded on the North by Lincolnshire on the East and South by Northamptonshire divided from it by the River Weland and on the West by Leicestershire its greatest length is from North to South not full twelve Miles from East to West hardly nine and its circumference about forty The Air is temperate serene and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful in Corn and Pasturage especially about the Vale of Catmoss Woods and pleasant Springs are plentiful enough of the latter the Weland and the Wash are the principal so that it wants nothing This County was a part of the Lands possessed by the Coritani before the Roman Conquest and was Conquered by P. Ostorius in the Reign of Claudian the Emperor Afterwards it made a part of the Kingdom of Mercia and now is in the Diocese of Peterborough There are but forty eight Parishes and two Market-Towns in it Okeham being the Shire Town and Vppingham the other In 1390. Edward Plantagenet eldest Son of Edmund Duke of York In 1326 Richard second Brother of the said Edward and in 1450. Edmund Plantagenet second Son of Richard Duke of York all of the Royal Family successively were Earls of this County But in 1525. Thomas Mannors Lord Roos of Hamlake Tresbut and Belvoir Descended by the Lady Ann his Mother from the said Richard Duke of York was Created Earl of Rutland by Henry VIII in 1325. whose Posterity enjoy this Honor to this day John the twelfth of this Family succeeding John his Father in the year 1679. Rutuli an ancient People of Latium in Italy Ardea was their Capital City Ruvo Rubi a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari a small but spruce and populous City about seventeen Miles from Bari to the West Horace mentions it in his Satyrs Inde Rubos fessi pervenimus c. Rye a member of the Cinque Ports upon the edge of the County of Sussex towards Kent in Hastings Rape situated at the fall of the Rother into the Sea where it hath a convenient Haven especially for a ready passage to Diepe in Normandy It returns two Members to the Lower House of Parliament The Fishermen take excellent Herrings here S A. SAada a City in the Happy Arabia perhaps of old called Sabatha it stands in the inland parts of that Country three hundred Miles from Aden to the North. If it is Sabatha its Long. is 76. 00. Lat. 16. 56. Saal Sala a River in Germany called by the French Sale It ariseth in Franconia over against the Nab and the Mayn and flowing through Thuringia it watereth Saalfeld and Jena then entering Misnia and passing by Naumburgh Mersburgh and Hall and being in this passage swelled by many smaller Rivers it falls at last into the Elbe beneath Bernburgh in the Vpper Saxony four Miles from Magdeburgh to the South Saan Savaria a River of Stiria Saare See Sare Saba supposed to be the same with Meroe in Aethiopia § One of the Charibye Islands in America under the Hollanders and near S. Christophers is likewise called by this name Sabaro Sybaris a River in Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples others call it Cochile and say it falls into the Bay of Taranto near Morano Sabaria a Town of the ancient Pannonia in Hungary the native place of S. Martin of Tours It is not certainly known where it is some conjecturing it to be one place and some another Sabini an ancient People of Latium in Italy whose memory is still preserved in the name of a Province now in the States of the Church called Terra Sabina which contains a part of the Territory heretofore belonging to them the Capital whereof was Cures There is a Monastery in this Territory honoured with a Bishop's See under the Title of the Bishop of Sabina and in the years 1590. 1593. 1595. c. Synodal Constitutions were published by the then Bishops bearing the same
County of Vallesia S. Neots or S. Needs a Market Town in the County of Huntingd. in the Hundred of Toseland Deriving its Name from a learned Monk of Glastenbury called Neotus whose Body being translated hither from S. Neots or Neotstoke in Cornwall the Palace of Earl Elfride in this Town was in honour thereof converted into a Monastery S. Nicolas Fanum Sancti Nicolai a pleasant Town upon the Meurte in Lorain two Leagues above Nancy to the South much addicted to the Honour of S. Nicolas Bishop of Myra whose Reliques it reserves § There is another Town of the same Name in Flanders three Miles from Antwerp toward Gant from which it stands five Miles S. Nicolas a City of Moscovy upon the White Sea on the Western Shoar of the River Dwina over against Archangel from which it stands ten German Miles to the North-West A Place of so considerable a Trade that the White Sea is from it frequently called the Bay of S. Nicolas into which the Dwina falls S. Omers Audomarensis Vrbs a City in Artois heretofore called the Abbey of Sithieu upon the River Aa which beneath Gravelin falls into the British Sea eight Miles from Bologne to the East three from Arras to the North six from Dunkirk to the South-East and five from Gravelin to the East It has this Name from Audomarus a holy Bishop who died here in 695. Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cambray in 1559. in the stead of Terouanne a ruined City which stands three Miles from it to the North. Fulco Abbot of S. Bartin began to wall it about the year 880. Baldwin II. Earl of Flanders perfected that Work in 902 There was a Council held here in 1099 under Robert Earl of Flanders and another in 1583. About 1595 Philip II. King of Spain sounded here a College for English Jesuits to which he gave a good Annuity That House has since purchased Watton Cloister a pleasant Place belonging before to the Benedictines two Leagues from S. Omers which is worth five hundred pounds a year In 1639 the French besieged this Place without any good success But in 1677 the Spanish Forces being much weakened after the Battel of Cassel they took it and by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1678 it was yielded to them Long. 23. 22. Lat. 50. 47. It is a handsome large City strongly sortified near a great Lake with the River and a Marsh on one side of it and a Castle and Fosses on the other S. Palais Fanum S. Palatii the capital Town of the Lower Navarre under the French situated upon the River Bidoussâ— near Grammont S. Papoul Fanum Papuli a small City in Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by the Institution of Pope John XXII who changed its antient Monastery that had been sounded about the end of the eighteenth Contury into a Cathedral in the year 1317. Five Leagues from Carcassone to the South-West and nine from Tolouse S. Paul de Leon. See Leon or Leondoul S. Paul de Trois Chasteaux Augusta Tricastinorum Sancti Pauli Tricastinorum Civitas an ancient City ascribed by Pliny to Gallia Narbonensis now in the Dauphine and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Arles but formerly of Vienne It is a flourishing Town built upon an advanced Cliff one Mile from the Rhosne four from Montelimart to the South and from Oranges to the North. The Huguenots had the possession of it near fifty years in the last Age till 1599. It is the Capital of the Territory called Tricastin which preserves the name of the antient People Tricastini mentioned by Ptolemy S. Pierre le Moutier Monasterium Sancti Petri a Town in the Province of Nivernois in which the Law-Courts of that Province are fixed It stands between Nevers to the North and Moulins to the South seven Leagues from either S. Pons de Tomiers Tomeria or Pontiopolis Sancti Pontii Tomeriarum Vrbs a City of Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne from whence it stands eight Leagues to the North and a little more from Alby to the North-West It is a small City seated amongst the Mountains not much peopled and honored with this Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1318 who at the same time changed its Benedictine Abbey that had been founded in the year 936. by Raymond sirnamed Pons Pontius Earl of Tolouse into a Cathedral The Bishop is Lord of the Place S. Quintin Augusta Nova Veromanduorum Quinctinopolis Samarobrina Quintini Fanum a City of Picardy upon the River Somme or rather between it and the Oyse which sprung out of a Roman Town called Augusta Nova c. two Miles from this Place It stands six Leagues from Peronne to the North-East and seven from Cambray to the South Taken by the Spaniards in 1557 after a great Defeat of the French Forces upon S. Quintin's day Aug. 10 and restored by the Treaty of Cambray in 1559. The French sometimes write it S. Quentin It is the Capital of the County of Vermandois in Picardy hath been honoured with the Sessions of French Synods in the yeares 1235. 1237. and 1271. and now contains divers Monasteries and Churches besides a Collegiate Church S. Semi a small Town in Provence four Leagues from Arles adorned with a Collegiate Church of the Foundation of Pope John XXII about the year 1330. It s antient Name was Glanum There are Urns Medals and Inscriptions frequently discovered here which prove its Antiquity And near it a triumphal Arch with a stately Mausoleum illustrated with Trophies is observed with admiration S. Semo Fanum S. Remuli or Remigii a Sea-Town upon the Coasts of Genoua in Italy in a fruitful Country for Oranges Citrons and Olives Santa Saba so called by the Italians or the Province of Arcegovina lies between Dalmatia Bossinia and the Quarter of Montenegro seventy Miles long thirty broad inhabited by about fifty thousand Families of which the Turks make not the tenth part Castlenovo stands in this Province The Inhabitants were very forward to put themselves under the Protection of the Venetians in 1688. S. Salvador Soteropolis the Capital City of the Kingdom of Congo in Africa seated one hundred and forty Miles to the East from the Ocean and sixty from the River Zaire to the South The Inhabitants call it Banza but the devout Portuguese gave it this Name S. Salvador Soteropolis a City in South America which is the Capital of Brasil an Archbishops See the Seat of the Vice-Roy and of the Courts of Justice for that Kingdom It stands on the Eastern Shoar of Brasil has a capacious Harbor on the Ocean strongly fortified and defended by three Forts yet the Hollanders took this City in 1624. The year following the Portuguese recovered it and are at this day in the Possession of it The Archbishops See was erected in 1676 by Pope Innocent XI San Salvaâ—oâ— a â—â—â—ll City in North America in the Province of Guaâ—iâ—â—ala called by the Natives Cuzcatlan
and with it into the Ocean Seyde Sidon by the Germans called Said is a City of Phoenicia in Syria upon the Shores of the Mediterranean North of Tyre about a League distant from the remains of the ancient Sidon Sister to Tyre in the Scripture for its Sins and the Punishments of them A populous City full of Merchants and Artisans of all Nations driving a great Trade in Cotton and Silk The Franciscans Capuchins and Jesuits have each their Chappels the Turks seven or eight Mosques and the Jews one Synagogue here The Maronites of Mount Libanus and the Armenian Greeks enjoy the like Liberties Without the City appear many Gardens of Oranges Citrons Tamarines Palm-trees and the Fig-trees of Adam so called because bearing a Leaf of the length of six foot and the breadth of two Adam it is supposed covered his nakedness with them It hath two small Fortresses but so far ruined as to remain indefensible The Turks keep a a Sangiack here under the Bassaw of Damascus a Cady or Judge and an Aga of the Janizaries The French a Consul All which Officers are handsomely lodged the rest of the Houses are ill built The Harbor formerly was capable of receiving many and great Vessels but is now choaked with Sand to that degree as to admit only of Skiffs whilst Ships lye in the road behind the Rocks for Shelter In the Christian times it was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tyre The Eutychians held Council here of twenty four Bishops in 512 under the protection of the Emperour Anastasius In 1260 the Tartars became Masters of it from whom the Turks obtain'd it about one hundred and fifty years since There is now a Caemetery upon a part of the Mountain Antilibanus in the place where the Old Sidon stood for the use of the Christians of Seyde And the Maronites have a poor Chappel by it Seyne See Seine ◠Sezza Setia a City of Campagna di Roma in Italy of good Antiquity mentioned by Martial It is said to have sometime been a Bishop's See though not now Du Val places an Epispocal City of the same name in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Sfacchia Leuci a Range of Mountains in the Territory of Cydonia on the West side of the Island of Candy which gave name to the Sfacciotes who signalized themselves by their valiant resistance against the Turks when they endeavoured the ravishing that Island from the Seigniory of Venice of late years Shaftsbury Septonia a Town upon the Stoure in the North-East Borders of Dorsetshire towards Wiltshire seated in the form of a Bow on an high Hill which affords it a serene Air and a large delightful Prospect but deprives it very much of Water In the times of the Norman Conquest it had one hundred and four Houses and after this ten Parish Churches now three with about 500 Houses built of the Freestone of its own Hill Some write King Canutus the Dane died here This Town was built by King Alfred in 880 as Mr. Cambden proves from an old Inscription mentioned in William of Malmesbury In 1672 Charles II. created Anthony Ashley Cooper then Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Shaftsbury who died in Holland and his Son succeeded him in this Honour Shannon Shennyn or Shennonon Senus Sinejus a River in Ireland which is one of the principal in that Kingdom It ariseth in the County of Roscomon in the Province of Connaught out of Mount Slewnern and flowing Southward through Letrim forms a vast Lake called Myne Eske and Ree towards the North end of which on the East side stands Letrim in the middle Longford towards the South Ardagh on the West side Elphem and Roscomon and at some distance from the Lake to the South Athlone Beneath which comes in from the West the Logh a vast River from three other Lakes more to the West called Garoch Mesks and Ben-Carble on the East it receives the Anney so passing by Bannogh and Clonfort to the Lake of Derg at Kiloe it leaves that Lake and passeth to Limerick where it turns full West and between Munster to the South and Connaught to the North enters the Vergivian Ocean by a Mouth five Miles wide between Cape Leane and Cape Sanan having in this Course separated Leinster and Munster from Connaught Shap a large Village in the County of Westmorland in Westward near the River Lowther in which in the Reign of Henry I Thomas Son of Jospatrick founded an Abbey and the same was the only Abbey in this County There is near this Town a noted Well which ebbs and flows often in a day and a perfect Bow of vast Stones some nine foot high and fourteen thick pitch'd at equal distances from each other for for the space of a Mile Sheale a Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester-ward upon the Mouth of the River Tine The Newcastle Coal-Fleet takes its Cargo here Sheffield a large well-built Market-town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the hundred of Strafford upon the River Dun of particular note for Iron Wares even in Chaucer's time who describes a Person with a Sheffield VVhittle by his side It shews the ruines of one of the five Castles formerly seated upon the same River Dun in the compass of ten Miles Corn especially is much bought up here for the supply of some parts of Derby and Nottingham shires as well as Yorkshire Shefford a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Clifton situated between two Rivulets which below it join to fall in one Stream into the Avon Sheppey Shepey Toliapis an Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent at the Mouth of the Thames and Medway Separated by the River Medway from Kent and on all other sides surrounded with the Sea About eight Miles long and six broad Fruitful in Pasturage and well watered especially on the South by Rivers The Danes Earl Goodwin his Sons and their Adherents much harassed it in former times Queensborough is its chief Town it hath several other Towns besides and hath been honoured with the Title of an Earldom in the Lady Dacres Countess of Shepey Shepton-Mallet or Malley a large Market Town in Somersetshire in the hundred of VVhiston Shipton a Market Town in VVorcestershire in the hundred of Oswalderston upon the River Stower It stands in a slip of the County taken off from VVarwickshire Shirburne Clarus Fons a Town and Castle in the North-West of Dorsetshire on the Borders of Somersetshire upon a River of the same Name which afterwards falls into the Parret the Capital of its Hundred Built on the side of an Hill in a fruitful and pleasant Country and much increased in the number of its Inhabitants and its Wealth by the Cloathing Trade In 704. a Bishop's See was erected here translated afterwards to Sunning and thence to Salisbury The Family of the Digbys Earls of Bristol are Barons of Shirburne § Also a Market Town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of
same with Furnes Wernow Chalusus a City of Germany near Rostock Wersaw See Warsaw Wert the same with Donawert Werthaim a County in Franconia in Germany Wesel Aliso Vesalia a strong City in the Dukedom of Cleve and an Hanse Town which has a Castle belonging to it It stands upon the Rhine at the confluence of the Lippe twelve German Miles from Cologne North and five from Dorsten to the VVest Taken by the Hollanders from the Spaniards in 1629. From them by the French in 1672 and in the year 1674 it was left to the Duke of Brandenburg after it had been dismantled by the French Rudolphus I Emperor of Germany granted this City to Theodorick VIII Earl of Cleve Weser or the Little Weser Visurgis a small River which ariseth in the Dukedom of Limburgh in the Borders of Juliers and watering Limburgh falls into the Maes above Liege Weser Visurgis a great River of Germany which ariseth in Franconia in the Territory of Coburg near Eisfeldt and flowing through Thuringe near Smalcald receives the Ness below Eysenack and in Hess the Fuld Turning to the North between Brunswick and Westphalia it takes in the Dymel and waters Corby Hammel Minden Cities of Westphalia beneath Ferden admits the Alder and salutes Breme takes in the Wemma and the Honte and beneath Carlestadt â—â—lls into the German Ocean Wesho Vexio a City of Sweden in the Province of Smalland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal called also Vexsioe and Vexsieu Thirty five Miles from the Lake of Weter South and from the Baltick Sea West Westbury a Market Town and Corporation in Wiltshire upon the River Broke falling into the Avon the Capital of its Hundred and honoured with the Election of two Parliament Men. Westerwaldt Bacenis Buronia a part of the Hercynian Forest called also Hartzwaldt It makes the South parts of the Dukedoms of Brunswick and Thuringe in the Lower Saxony others say it lies by Schelde near Cologne Westerwick Vestrovicum a Sea-Port City in the Province of Smalland on the Baltick Sea in Sweden fifty five Miles from Calmar to the North. West Froson See Friseland Westmannia Vestmania or Westmanland a Province of Sweden between Vpland to the East Gestricia to the North Sudermannia to the South and Nericia to the West The Cities of it are Arosen and Arbosen Westminster Westmonasterium once a Suburb seated a Mile from the City of London and called Thorney now a great and populous City by its Buildings conjoined to London so that it seems to be a part of it but is indeed a distinct City having its peculiar and proper Magistrates and Privileges In the times of the Romans there stood here a Temple of Apollo which in the Reign of Antoninus Pius was subverted by an Earthquake Out of the Ruins of it Segebert King of Kent built a Church in honour of S. Peter about the year 655. About the year 701. Offa King of the East Angles inlarged this old Church which being destroyed by the Danes about the year 854 S. Dunstane Archbishop of Canterbury re-edified it about 970. Edward the Confessor in the year 1061. made great additions to this Fabrick In the year 1221. Henry III. pulled down this Saxon Building and in the same place erected that great and noble Pile now standing and put it into the hands of the Monks to which Henry VII added the Chappel called by his Name In the years 1066 and 1226. Councils were celebrated here At the Reformation instead of the Monks was placed here a Dean twelve Prebends and a Bishop which last is since suppressed In this Church is usually performed the Coronation it likewise contains the Bones of a vast number of the Kings of England and was the Mother of Westminster which from it as from a Centre has spread it self every way Especially after Westminster-Hall became the fixed place for the Courts of Justice built by William Rufus in the year 1099. Rebuilt by Richard II. as Mr. Camden observes and Whitehall the Royal Palace of our Kings about the year 1512. Westmorland Damnii Vestmaria Westmorlandia one of the Northern Counties of England took this Name from its situation and the great number of Moors in it On the North and West it is bounded by Cumberland on the South by Lancashire and on the East by Yorkshire From North to South it is thirty Miles from East to West twenty four in circumference one hundred and twelve Containing twenty six Parishes and eight Market Towns The Air is sharp and piercing healthful the Soil barren and not easily improved two ridges of high Hills crossing it as far as Cumberland Yet the Southern parts contain many fruitful Valleys Meadows Arable and Pasture Grounds The Rivers Eden Ken Lon and Eamon watering them besides two noted Lakes the Vlleswater and Windermeer the last bordering upon Cheshire the other upon Cumberland and Westmorland The ancient Inhabitants were the Brigantes who in the Saxon Heptarchy constituted a part of the great Kingdom of Northumberland The first Earl of this County was Ralph Nevil Lord of Raby E. Marshall in 1398 created Earl of Westmorland by King Richard II. This Family in six Descents continued till the year 1584. it failed in the death of Charles Nevil In 1624. this Honour was revived in Francis Fane created Earl of Westmorland and Baron of Burghersh by James I. as a descendent from the Nevils whose Posterity still enjoy it Westphalia a great Circle or Province in Germany called by the Germans die Wephalen It lies between the Lower Saxony to the East and the Low-Countries to the West bounded on the North by the German Sea on the East by the Dukedom of Breme Ferden Lunenburg and Brunswick on the West by the Vnited Netherlands on the South by the Dukedom of Guelderland the Bishoprick of Cologne VVesterwaldt and Hassia It contains the Bishopricks of Munster Paderborne and Osnaburg the Dukedoms of Cleve and Berg the Principality of Minden the Counties of Oldenburg Mark Hoye Diepholt Ravensberg Lingen Lippe Benthem and Scaumburg East Friseland and the Dukedom of Westphalia The capital City of this Circle is Munster The Dukedom of Westphalia is bounded on the North by the Bishopricks of Munster and Paderborne on the West by the County of Mark on the South by Wester-waldt and Hassia on the East by the County of Waldeck The principal places in it are Arensberg Cleve Dussel-dorp Embden Emerick Ham Lipstad Minden Munster Oldenburg Osnabruck Paderborne Soest Dortmund and Wesel Besides what is above expressed this Circle includes the Dukedoms of Juliers and Guelderland the Bishoprick of Leige and the States of Vtrecht but this last has been separated from it ever since 1548. Westram a Market Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent Westrick Westrych Westryck Austrasia Lotharingia taken in its largest extent contained Brabant Hainault Liege Namur Luxemburg Juliers Epfall Wasgow Imperial Flanders and Lorain And under the first Race of the Kings of France
North to South thirty nine Miles from East to West twenty nine in circumference one hundred thirty nine containing three hundred and four Parishes and twenty three Market Towns amongst which Wilton its ancient Capital gives Name to it The Air very sweet temperate healthful the Soil fertile The North parts swell into fruitful and pleasant Hills diversisied with pleasant Rivers and large Woods The South are more level and watered with the Wily Adder and Avon the Isis Kennet and Deveril The middle is commonly called Salisbury Plains by reason of its great evenness which feeds vast numbers of excellent Sheep This Country was the Seat of the Belgae They being reduced by Vespasian it became afterward a part of the Kingdom of the West Saxons The principal City is Salisbury William Lord Scrope Lord Treasurer was the first Earl of this County in the year 1397. James Butler Earl of Ormond another Lord Treasurer in 1448. John Stafford second Son of Humphrey Duke of Buckingham was the third Earl in 1469. who had two Successors of the same Name Thomas Bullen Father of the Lady Anne Bullen Mother of Queen Elizabeth the sixth Earl in 1529. In 1550. William Paulet afterwards Marquess of Winchester was created Earl of Wiltshire by King Edward VI. whose Posterity in the fifth Descent now enjoy this Honour Wilton a Market Town in Wiltshire to which it gives Name betwixt the Rivers Willy by the North and Adder or Nadder to the South It was anciently the Capital City of the County a Bishops See and the Residence of several Bishops before the Translation of the See to Salisbury The loss whereof was a great occasion of the decay of this place It only retains the honour of being by two Members represented in Parliament The Sheriffs keep their monthly Courts here and the Knights of the Shire are usually elected at it Wimpfen Wimpina Vimpina a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben upon the Necker where it receives the River Jaxt two German Miles from Hailbrune to the North and five from Heidelburg to the East This though small is an Imperial Free City Wincaunton a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Norton Ferris upon the side of a Hill Winchcomb a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Kistgate Winchelsey a Sea-Port Town in the East part of Sussex where it adjoins to Kent in Hastings Rape upon an Inlet of the Sea in the neighbourhood of Rye A Member of the Cinque Ports once a strong and a beautiful Town walled having eighteen Parish Churches but by the recess of the Ocean now much decayed and the Haven choaked up In the year 1250. the greatest part of this Town was destroyed by the Sea It consists now but of one Parish In 1628. Charles I. created Elizabeth Finch Viscount Maidstone Countess of Winchelsey to which Honour Thomas her Son succeeded in 1633. and Henneage her Grandchild in 1639. Winchester Venta Belgarum Vintonia Wintonia a City of Hampshire which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the River Itching fifteen Miles from the British Sea to the North. It stands pleasantly in a Vale betwixt two Hills adorned with five Parish Churches a Noble Cathedral dedicated to the Trinity in which the Bones of divers of the Saxon Kings and Queens with two of the Danish Line of Kings and two of the Norman rest A fine Hall for the Assizes and Sessions where King Arthur's Round Table hangs as a Monument of Antiquity a College for the Education of Youth built and endowed by Will of Wickham the Founder of New College Oxon for a Seminary to the same College a Hospital an Episcopal Palace and a strong Castle upon a Hill The Welsh call this ancient City at this day Caer Cruent that is the White City because it stands upon a Chalk and the Latin Writers Wintonia In the Roman times it was one of the principal Cities of Britain In the Saxons days twice consumed and rebuilt being made the Seat of the West Saxon Kings which Family at last prevailed against all the rest The Bishops See was founded here in 660. by Kingil the first Christian King of the West Saxons It felt the fury of the Danes In the Norman times it kept up its Head but in the Reign of King Stephen it was sacked in the Wars betwixt the Empress Mand and him Edward III. to revive it made it the Mart for VVool and Cloth In our days saith Mr. Camden it is about a Mile and a half in compass reasonably well peopled The ancient Bishops of this See were reputed Earls of Southampton and pass by that Style in the New Statutes of the Garter made by King Henry VIII The present Bishop Dr. Mew is the seventy third Bishop The first Earl of Winchester was Saer de Quinsey in 1207. The second Roger de Quinsey in 1219. who died in 1264. The third Hugh de Spencer created in 1322. and beheaded in 1326. The fourth Lewis de Bruges in 1472. In 1551. VVilliam Pawlet Earl of VViltshire was created Marquess of VVinchester whose Posterity in the sixth Descent now enjoy it In the years 855. 975. 1021. 1070. 1076. 1129. 1142. English Councils were celebrated in this City The second under S. Dunstan The sixth in relation to King Stephen's Usurpation of the Lands of the Church Windaw Vinda Vindavia a City of Curland called by the Poles Kiess and by the Germans Windaw and Winda It has an Harbor at the Mouth of the River VVeta upon the Baltick Sea fifteen Polish Miles from Memel to the North and thirty from Riga to the West Winder or VVimander Meer a Lake dividing a part of Lancashire from the County of VVestmorland and extending about ten Miles in length and three or four in breadth full of Fish with a clear pebbly bottom Windham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Forehoe Windrush a River in Oxfordshire upon which VVitney stands and Burford near it Windsor Vindesorium a Castle upon the South side of the Thames in Berkshire upon an high Hill which rising by gentle degrees affords at the top a pleasant Prospect This Place was granted by Edward the Confessor to the Monks of Westminster and soon after by William the Conqueror recovered back to the Crown by an exchange for Wokendune and Ferings In this pleasant Place was Edw. III. born who afterward built that Noble Castle which has since been the delightful Retreat of the Kings of England from the Cares of Government and the Crowds of Men. In the same place that Victorious Prince instituted the most Noble Order of the GARTER The Ceremony whereof hath been usually since celebrated here upon S. George's Day Out of the Castle sprung the Town and that in Buckinghamshire not in Barkshire it being on the North side of the River and joined to the Castle by a Timber Bridge In the Church of this Castle lie buried two of our Kings of the most distant Fortunes