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A11498 D. Sarauia. 1. Of the diuerse degrees of the ministers of the gospell. 2. Of the honor vvhich is due vnto the priestes and prelates of the church. 3. Of sacrilege, and the punishment thereof. The particular contents of the afore saide Treatises to be seene in the next pages; De diversis ministrorum evangelii gradibus. English Saravia, Adrien, 1530-1612. 1591 (1591) STC 21749; ESTC S107871 200,148 283

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Elders and Bishops so commonlie called therefore this whole matter seemeth inuolued in more darke and thicke mistes of obscuritie vnto such as are not expert in searching out hidden and vnknowen histories in the acts and monuments of the Apostles For by reason of the interchangeable communitie of names they think not that there is any difference or conceiue not what it is between those distinct persons which are called by names not distinct As for exemple this name Apostle would haue deceiued him fowly that should haue gone about to haue equaled all of this name with the twelue Apostles so stands the case also with the name of Bishops for that it is in danger to deceiue if it doe not daungerouslly deceiue those which indistinctly apply that one name to the two degrees of Elders Wherfore they must know that the same name is not alwaies of the same nature and many times one word is significant as well for the general as the particuler And this must we conceiue of this word Elder that in the capacity of his signification are indifferently intertained all degrees of Pastors so that the Apostles themselues may generally be called Elders when as properly the lowest degree of Pastors is best knowen and most fitly called by that name Besides all this there is in many wordes an Etimology or proper interpretation according to the which also it so falleth out that many times diuerse names haue the same vse by which meanes not onely Elders but Apostles also may be deriued into the same name of Bishops This may very easily bee exemplified in ciuill things and names where we may wel perceiue the like vse of no lesse titles as Dukes Earles Knights Lordes and Barons all which titles are giuen to many which differ much in honour and dignitie neither is it any new or insolent thing for one mightie King to haue many meaner Kinges vnder him of his name but not of his power The like wee may say of Dukes who haue also vnder them other Dukes of whome they receiue due fealtie and homage and some Earls also as the Count Palatine of Rhene Flanders are Lords also ouer other Earles What should I speake of Knights Lords Barons which vnder the same titles haue not the same tipe of honor or autority He would be laughed to scorne of very children for his labour that should inferre an equality of their callings from the qualitie of that they are called I but will some say there is not that reason of the Ecclesiasticke ministerie and the ciuill policy I also tell them that I doe not compare office with office but name with name that all the world may see how childish a reason it is for the community of names and titles to take away the diuersity of things persons Albeit there be some new writers of this age who hold opinion that the presidency of on ouer many elders is to be abolished as a thing that hath preuailed in the church of custom vpon the curtesie of mē only that against the groūded verity of gods sacred constitution yet for al that the vniuersal consent of alchurches in the world consorting with gods word shal further with me then the opinion male-content of the heretik Aerius or the misconceited iudgement of Hierome alone hauing lost himselfe in the ambiguity of doutful words not foūd out the antiquity of the first age of the church For this is manifest out of the word of God that in the time of Iohn the Apostle those 7. Cathedral Churches of Asia had their seuen Bishops and they imposed ouer them by a certaine diuine not any humaine ordinaunce For when as the holie Ghost there conceileth nothing in the which either the Angels themselues or they which were vnder there gouernement had offended he would neuer haue passed ouer without iust reprehension so insolent and ambitious an innouation for so it seemeth vnto some as then but newly subborned and boldly brought forth into the church of God and that confronting the flat ordinaunce of God himselfe No doubt those so famous and renowmed Churches had many Elders and happely a colledge of Elders and yet the defaults of those churches were not laid vppon the many Elders but hee calleth vpon the seuerall and principall Elder of euery particular church whose autority in the church gouernment vnlesse it had bene somewhat more then ordinarie they alone should neuer haue borne the blame of that function not well performed A certaine writer of this age goeth about to defend or at least to excuse this heresie or error if you had so rather of Aerius but his reasons with the which hee would doe it are so slanderous scandalous and reprochfull against the councels and against the fathers as of truth I am altogether ashamed of them Aerius like a good honest fellowe is excused the fathers poore soules or openly accused of no small faults ambition and tyranny who seeing he bringeth nothing woorth any thing besides that we haue before touched out of Hierome I will not vouchsafe his cauils the confuting How much more christian-like modestly hath that most famous man and thrise reuerend father Zanchius neuer sufficiently renowmed for his rare learning and religion how much more like a good christian hath he written in his Confession what hee thought concerning the controuersie These are his wordes My faith is grounded chiefly and simply vpon the word of God and then somewhat also vpon the common consent of the whole Catholike Church if so bee it repugne not the sacred writ For I doe beleeue that what things were concluded and receiued of the holie Fathers assembled in the name of the Lord by a common consent of all without anie contradiction to the holie scriptures that those things also althogh not of like authoritie with the scripture are of the holy Ghost Hence it commeth that whatsoeuer things are of this sort I nor will nor dare with a safe conscience disallow them But what one thing is more certaine out of histories out of Councels out of the writings of all the Fathers then that those orders of Ministers of the which we haue spoken were receyued and established in the Church by the common consent of the whole Christian common-wealth And who am I that what the whole Church hath allowed I alone should disallowe Neither yet haue all the learned men of our time dared to disallow them for that indeed they knew that both these things were lawfull in the Church also that they all were ordeined and performed of a godly religion and to good ends for the good of the elect Besides that reason was I should haue regard of those Churches also the which although they haue imbraced the Gospell yet they retaine their Bishops both in deed and name And what shall wee say of the Churches of the Protestants also where they want not their Bishops and Arch-bishops in deed whom hauing cast their good Greeke names
issue out of these as out of Pandoraes box Neither did I sorrowe for these thinges to my selfe alone I acquainted my griefs where I was acquainted But because in those intempestuous times I could not safelie either speake or write my minde without suspect of contention couetousnes or ambition I conteined my selfe discontēt expecting a fitter opportunity In the mean while I could haue wished that this argument might haue bin vndertaken of some other and of some other profession And that doubtlesse might haue bene performed of such an one with so much the more ease and lesse enuie by howe muche the matter did lesse concerne himselfe But seeing no man offered himselfe to this seruice and the seruice honorable after manye delaies I ouercame my selfe at last and in the zeale of my dutie haue vndergon that burthen which Atlas himselfe can not sustaine alone and therefore in the conscience of mine owne weaknes I come loaden to your Honors with mine ouer-burden and laye downe the same in three little bookes vnder your names thrise reuerend and renowned And this also haue I done with the greater confidence and the lesse conflict for that both the trueth of the cause it selfe wil bear me vp that I slip not and also your honorable fauours as I hope wil beare me out if I slip not And now if it shall please God to put them in some better mind whome these things do chiefly concerne so that these may be commended of them and they amended by these I verely shall reioyce in them but they shall be beholding vnto you But if these thinges displease them and they finde themselues offended with my liberty I shal find others I doubt not as amorous of the present truth as they are of their priuate humor and as far in loue with reuerend antiquitie as they are in liking with insolent noueltie vnto whom I perswade my selfe though they should fore-speake the contrarie this my labour shall not bee altogeather vnwelcome Wherefore for your Honors I will pray and importune the most great and Almighty that he would vouchsafe to giue you life euen a long life for the benefite of the Church and the aduancement of the kingdome of Christ London 4. Kal. Aprill Anno Dom. 1590. Your Honors most bounden Hadrian Sarauia TO THE GODLIE AND Faithfull Ministers of the Church of Christ throughout the Low-countries my brethren beloued in the Lord. AT what time I liued at Leiden worshipfull and beloued I many times with many of you bewailed the state of the Church there In the which the deuill the deuill it is spreadeth his net as many other waies so especiallie nowe with a certaine newe slight after another fashion In the which he hath his gins and engins nothing like vnto those of olde when hee went a hirding with gainefull hipocrisie and entangled the soules of Christian people with a kind of costlie superstition then did the Cleargie and the Layitie ambitiouslie contend as yet they continue vnder the Papacie whether should exceed the other they in their pompous sanctimonie or these in their superstitious munificencie So they sold and sell at a deare reckoning these bought and buy at the hucsters handes The one deceiuing the other deceiued both in an error neuer a better And is it not strange to see a thing that is not strange how superstition and hypocrisie is of more force and preuaileth more to conquere and lead captiue the minds of men then true and sincere religion which is pure and plaine without wealt or gard But such is either the negligence of men or the nature of man it will be deceiued and will deceiue Who is able to recompt and keepe reckoning the quircks and the tricks the gybing and the iugling of the Romaine Alcaron by the whiche they hold play with the simple and play noddie with the peoples simplicitie The paines of Purgatorie the Popes pardons Images false miracles pilgrimage to statues shrines and crosses reliques of saints bones teeth and ashes vestments belts and sandals and a thousand such like trumperies These are the martes and the marchandise which they make ouer to the peple for hid treasure while they sel the people for olde shooes What should I more say They say themselues and the more shame they are not ashamed to say That these and such like are the Religious illusions of the Religious VVhat a commodious craft auricular confession is the Iesuits besides other the Romish Prelates minions doe feele and find But now adaies because the true Ministers of Christ and the faithfull stewards of his house are not trained vppe in these trades nor guiltie of these traines they are set at naught of naughtie men And yet of olde when the people doted ouer their false Gods and spared for no cost so they might satisfie their soules with neuer-satisfied superstition they were notwithstanding nothing so ranke in seking to satisfie the rauine of that vnkind lust towards their false God and his worship as they were slowe and slacke to inquire after the true God his seruice and his true seruants and why then should it seeme a thing rare or insolent among vs if the like kinde of vnkindnes be reuolued vpon vs in this age For man to man and age to age is as like as is the water to the water day to day to day and heareafter In what honour and estimation the Ministers of the Church are among the Romanists is well knowen to such as either now liue or at anie time haue liued amongst them But now amongst vs the professors of the Gospell they which sincerely teach the true religion and truly teach what way leadeth to heauen and by what means we are reconciled to God ar ether nothing at al acounted or as nothing Is any thing for honour sake for pittie sake yeelded vnto them it is by and by thought much of and thought too much bee it neuer so little For which sinne not onely the vnkindnes of the people is to bee condemned as principallie guiltie but our owne foolishnes also may be conuicted as accessorie faultie And howe Forsooth a toy hath taken vs in the head and we haue taken a toy in hand by surprising the Popes tyrannie to suppresse our owne liberty As if indeede the excessiue riot and not expleable auarice of the Popish Cleargie could by no possible meanes be rebated vnlesse wee thrust downe the reformed Ministerie beneath the Bell-ferie and hand ouer head lay wast all the possessions of the Cleargie A passing deuice indeede to bring this to passe as it hath alreadie brought it within come to passe that the Church wanteth wherewith to nourish the sacred Muses and is faine to honour the painefull Minister with monethly menstruous fees From hence is foisted into the Church a kinde of temporall biter after a new fashion an euil example who chiefly attending vpon their own drudgerie by the way ioyne hand with the Pastor in his prouince and that for a yeare or two