Admirall of the Seas which thing brought to passe be would deliuer the English Nauie into the hands of the sayde King Philippe Herevpon was he set at libertie and ouer hee commeth into Englande And for as muche as he was knowne to bee a manne of syngular and approoued valyauncye King Edwarde receyued hym verye courteously who remembring hys promysed practise to the Frenche King fell in hande by procuring friendes to bee made Admirall of the Seas But King Edwarde as God woulde haue it denied that sute The French king sendeth forth a fleet against englaÌ„d Abingdon The French king in the meane time hauing prepared his nauie coteining three hundred saile what with the Gasleys and other Ships for hee had got diuerse doth fro Merselles Genoa sent the same forth to the seas that vpon such occasion the king of Englande might also sende forth his Fleete But the Frenche name comming neare to the coast of Englande and lying at Ancre certaine dayes looking for sir Thomas Turberuile when hee came not at the day prefixed the Captaynes of the Frenche fleete appoynted one of theyr Vesselles to approche neare to the shore and to sette a lande certaine persons that knewe the Countrey to vnderstande and learne the cause of suche stay They beeing taken of the Englishe men and examined coulde make no direct answere in theyr owne excuse and so were put to death Abingdon Some write that they sent fiue Galleys towards the shore to suruey the coast of the which Galleys one of them aduauncing forth afore hir fellowes arriued at Hide neare to Rumney hauen where the English men espying hir to draw the French men a lande feigned to flie backe into the Countrey but returning sodainly vppon the enimies French men slaine A Gally burnt they slue the whole number of them being about two hundred and fifty persons They set fire on the Galley also and burned hir The Admirall of the French fleete kindled in anger herewith sayled streight vnto Douer and there landing with his people Douer robbed by the French robbed the towne and Priorie The townesmen being striken with feare of the sodaine landing of their enimies fled into the Countrey and raysed people on 〈◊〉 side the which being assembled togither in 〈◊〉 numbers towards euening came to Douer 〈◊〉 inuading such French meÌ„ as were strayed abroâ—â— to seeke prayes slue theÌ„ downe in suâ—… 〈◊〉 places The French Admiral which had bene 〈◊〉 at the day in pâ—…ring the towne The 〈…〉 hearing the noyse of those Frenchmen that came running towardes the sea side streight ways getteth him to his shipâ—… with such pillage as he could take with him The other French men whiche were gâ—…e abrode into the Countrey to fetche prayes and coulde the come to theyr shippes in tyme were statue euery mothers sonne Some of them hid themselues in the corne fieldes and were after slaine of the Country people Frenchâ—… 〈…〉 Douer There was little lesse than .viij. hundred of them thus slaine by one meane and other at that time There were not manye of the men of Douer slain for they escaped by â—…ight at the first entrie made by the Frenchmen But of women and children there dyed a great number for the enimyes spared none There was also an olde Monke slaine named Thomas a man of suche vertue as the opinion went 〈◊〉 after his deceasse many myracles through 〈◊〉 were shewed Sir Thomas Turberuile being troubled in his minde that he could not bring his trayterous purpose to passe beganne to assay another way which was to procure Iohn Ballioll King of Scotlande to ioyne in league with the Frenche K. but ere any of his practises coulde be brought aboute his treason was reuealed Sir 〈…〉 and he coâ—…st thereof was put to execution Nic. Triuet Nich. Tri. saith y t he had promised the French king to cause Wales to reuolt froÌ„ K. Edwarde and that by procurement of the Prouost of Paris he consented to worke such treason And as some write Caxton hee did not onely homage vnto the FreÌ„ch K. but also left two of his sonnes in pledge for assurance to worke that which he had promised His secretarie that wrote the letters vnto the French K. coÌ„teining his imagined treasons Abingâ—… with other aduertisements touching king Edwardes purposes fearing least the matter by some other meanes might come to light as well to his destruction as his maisters for concealing it disclosed the whole to the king He hauing knowledge that he was bewrayed by his seruant fled out of the Court but such diligence was vsed in the pursute of him that he was taken within two dayes after and brought backe agayne to London where he was conuicted of the treason so by â—…yâ—… imagined and therfore finally put to death This yeare the Cleargie gaue to the king the tenth part of their goodes the Citizens a sixt part and the commons a twelfth part or rather â—…s Euersden hath the Burgesses of good towâ—…s gaue the seueÌ„th and the commons abrode the .xj. peny â—…e death of â—…ble men The same yeare died Gilbert de Clary Earle of Gloucester which left issue behinde him be got of his wife the Countesse Ioan the kings daughter beside three daughters one yong sonne named also Gylbert to succeede him as his he yâ—…e The Countesse his wife after hir husbandes decease maried a knight of meanâ—… estate borne in the Byshoprike of Dâ—…resme 〈◊〉 Raule â—…uthermer â—…dded the â—…tesse of â—…ucester named Sir Raâ—…e Monthermer that that 〈…〉 Earle â—…ee fyrst husbande in hys lyfe tyme. The king at the first tooke displeasure herewith but at length thorow the high valiantie of the knight diuerse tymes shewed and apparantly approued the matter was so well taken that he was entituled Erle of Glocester and aduanced to great honor 〈…〉 Iohn Romain Archbishop of Yorke also this yeare died after whom one Henry de Newinarke dâ—…aue of the Colledge there succeded Moreouer the same yeare William de Valence Earle of Pembroke departed this life and lyeth buryed at Westmynster and then Aimer his sonne succeeded him â—…e king of 〈◊〉 concluâ—… a league â—…h the FreÌ„ch 〈…〉 Iohn king of Scotlande â—…anceth his sonne Edwarde Ballioll with the daughter of Charles on Valâ—…ys brother to the French king and conchideth with the sayde Frenche king a league against the king of England Nothing moued the Scottishe king so much hereto as the affection which he bare towards his natiue Countrey for he was a French man borne lord of Harecourt in Normandie which sâ—…gnorie was after made an Earledome by Philip du Valoys King of Fraunce â—…at VVest The Scottishmen had chosen .xij. Peeres that is to say foure Bishops foure Earles and foure Barons by whose aduise and counsayle the King shoulde gouerne the Realme by whom he was induced also to consent vnto such accorde wyth the French men contrarie to his promised fayth giuen to king
out the Monkes placing secular Priests in their roomes as namely at Malmesbury where yet the house was not empayred but rather enriched in landes and ornamentes by the kings liberalitie and the industrious meanes of the same Priestes whyche toke vp the bones of Saint Alderlme and put the same in a shrine Rebellion raised againste K. Edred At length the inhabitantes of y e middle parte of England euen from Humber to Thames rebelled againste him Sim. Dun. and elected hys brother Edgar to haue the gouernemente ouer them wherewith King Edwine tooke such griefe for that he saw no meane at hand how to remedy the matter that shortly after when he had raigned somewhat more than four yeres Edred departeth this life he departed this life His body was buried at Winchester in the new Abbey there Edgar Osborne and Capgrauehold that she was not his wyfe but a Nunne VV. Mal. In this meane time Alfred the wife of Kyng Edgare as some saye or rather as other write his concubine dyed of whome he had begote a son named Edward The death of this woman occasioned the K. to committe an heynous offence For albeit the same time the fame weÌ„t that Horgerius Duke of Cornewal Orgar or rather Deuonshire had a daughter named Alfred a Damosell of excellent beautie whome Edgar minding to haue in marriage appointed one of his noble men called Earle Ethelwolde to goe with al speede into Cornewall or Deuonshire to see if the yong Ladyes beautie aunswered the report that wente of hir then hee to breake the matter to hir father in his behalfe Ethelwold being a yong iolly Gentleman tooke his iourney into Cornewall Erle Ethelwold suppâ—â—ted the king of his wyfe comming to y e Duke was well receiued had a sight of his daughter w t whose beautie he was straight rauished so farre in loue that not regarding the kings pleasure which had sent him thither he begaÌ„ to purchase the good will of both father daughter for himselfe and did so much that he obteyned the same indeede Heerevpon returning to the K. hee enformed him that the Damosell was not of such beautie and comely personage as mighte hee thought worthy to matche in marriage with hys Maiestie And shortly after perceyuing the kyngs mind by his wrongfull misreport to be turned nothing bent that way he began to sue to hym y t hee mighte with his fauour marry the same Damosell which the K. graunted as one that cared not for hir bicause of the credite whiche he gaue to Ethelwolds words And so by this means Ethelwold obteined Alfrid in marriage which was to his owne destruction as the case fell out For wheÌ„ the fame of hir passing beautie did spred ouer all y e Realme now that she was married came more abroade in sight of the people the K. chanced to heare therof and desirous to see hir deuised vnder colour of hunting to come vnto the house of Ethelwolde and so did Where he had no sooner set his eye vpon hir but he was so farre wrapped in y e chaine of burning concupiscence King Edgar seeketh the destruction of earle Ethelwold that to obteine his purpose he shortly after contriued Ethelwolds death married his wife Some say that the woman kindled the brand of purpose for where it was knowen that the K. would see hir Ethelwold willed hir in no wise to trimme vp hir selfe but rather to disfigure hir in foule garmeÌ„ts some euill fauored attire that hir natiue beautie should not appeare but shee perceiuing howe the matter went of spight set foorthe hir selfe to y e vttermost so that y e K. vpon the first sight of hir became so farre enamored of hir beautie that taking hir husbande foorthe with him on hunting into a forrest or wood called then Werlewood King Edgar a murtherer and after Horewood not shewing that hee meante hym any hurt till at length hee had gote him within y e thicke of the woode where hee suddaynely stroke him through with his darte and as his bastarde son came to y e place the K. asked hym how he liked y e maner of hunting wherevnto he answered very wel if it like your grace for y t that liketh you ought not to displease me w t which answer y e K. was so pacified y t he indeuored by pretendyng his fauor towards the sonne to alleuiate the tyrannicall murder of the father Then did the K. marry the Countesse Alfred of hir begat two sons Edmond which died yoÌ„g Etheldred or Egelthred Besides this cruell acte wrought by king Edgar for the satisfying of his fleshly lust hee also played another part greatly to the stayne of hys honour mooued also by wanton loue wyth a yong Damsel named Wilfrid for after y t she had to auoyde the daunger of him eyther professed hir selfe a Nunne or else for a colour as the most part of wryters agree got hir selfe into a Nunrie and clad hir in Nunnes weede he tooke hir forth of hir Cloyster and lay by hir sundrie tymes and begat on hir a daughter named Edith who comming to conuenient age was made a Nunne His licencious life and incontinencie A thirde example of his incontinencie is written by Authours and that is this It chaunced on a time that he lodged one night at Andauer and hauing a minde to a Lordes daughter there he commaunded that she should be brought to his bed but the mother of the Gentlewoman woulde not that hir daughter shoulde be defloured and therefore in the darke of the night brought one of hir mayd seruants and layde hir in the kings bed she being both fayre proper and pleasant In the morning when the day beganne to appeare shee made haste to arise and being asked of the king why she so hasted that I may goe to my dayes worke if it please your grace quoth she Herewith she being stayed by the king as it were against hir will shee fell downe on hir knees and requyred of him that she might be made free in guerdon of hir nights worke For sayth she it is not for your honour that the woman whiche hath tasted the pleasure of the kings bodie should any more suffer seruitude vnder the rule and appoyntment of a sharpe and rough mistres The King then being moued in his spirites laughed at the matter though not from the heart as he that tooke great indignation at the doings of the Duchesse and pitied the case of the poore wenche But yet in fine turning the matter to a bourd he pardoned all the parties and aduaunced the wenche to high honour farre aboue those that had rule of hir afore so that shee ruled them willed they nilled they for he vsed hir as his paramour till time y t he maryed the foresaid Alfrede For these youthfull partes and namely for the rauishing of Wilfrida which though she were no Nunne yet the offence seemed right haynous for that he shoulde
Valiue Viville Vancorde Valenges Moreouer to reduce the English people from their fierce wildnesse vnto a more ciuilitie quiet trade of life he tooke frō them all their armoure and weapons The conqueror taketh from the Englishmen theyr armour And agayne he ordeyned that the master of euery houshold about eyght of y e clocke in the euening shoulde cause his fire to be couered with ashes and thervppon goe to bed and to the ende that euery man mighte haue knowledge of that houre when hee should to goe to rest he gaue order that in all Cities Townes and Villages where any Church was there shoulde bee a Bell roong at the sayd houre whiche custome is still vsed euen vnto this daye and commonly called by the French word Cover fewe Cover few first instituted 1068 Mat. VVest Moreouer this yere on Whitsonday Mande the Wife of King William was crowned Q. by Aeldred Archbyshop of Yorke The same yere also was Henry his son borne here in England for his other two sonnes Robert and William wereborne in Normandy before hee had conquered this lande He hearde also how Edgar Etheling at the same time being in the countrey riding abroade with a troupe of Horsemen and hearing of the discomfiture of those Normans pursued them egrely and slewe greate numbers of them Polidor as they were about to saue themselues by flighte with whiche newes beeing in no small furie he made speede forwarde and comming at the last into Northumberland he easily vanquished the aforesayd Rebels and putting the chiefe Authors of this businesse to deathes hee reserued some of the rest as Captiues and of other some hee caused the hands to be chopped off in token of their incōstancie and Rebellions dealing After this he cōmeth to Yorke and there in like forte punished those that had ayded Edgar whiche done hee returned to Londō 1069 where he intended to soiourne for a season The Earle of Britayne being a mā of a stoute stomack and meaning to defend that which was thus giuen to him built a strong Castel neere to his manor of Gillingham and named it Richmont To shewe therefore somewhat also of the firste originall line of the Earles of Richmōnt that bare their title of honor of this Castell and Towne of Richmont as Leland hath set downe the same This it is Eudo Erle of Britayne the sonne of Geffrey begate three sonnes Alane le Rous otherwise Fregaunte Alane the blacke Stephan these three breethren after their fathers decesse succeeded one after another in the Earledome of Britayne the two elder Alane the red Alane the blacke died without issue Stephan begate gate a sonne named Alane who left a sonne whiche was his heire named Conane which Conan married Margaret the daughter of William Kyng of Scotlande who bare him a daughter named Constantia which Constantia was coupled in marriage with Geffrey sonne to Kyng Henry the second who had by hir Arthur whom hys Vncle King Iohn for feare to be depriued by him of the Crowne caused to bee made away as some haue written But nowe hauing thus farre stepped from the matter whiche we haue in hand it is time to returne where we left touching the Danes Surely the Danishe writers make no mention in the life of that Kanute or Cnute Albertus Grantz whiche raigned at thys season in Denmarke of anye suche voyage made by him but declare howe hee prepared to haue come into England but was letted as in their history more playnely appeareth Simon Dun. but verily Simon Dunel affirmeth that Harrold and Canute or Cnute the sonnes of Sweyne Kyng of Denmarke Math. Paris maketh mention but of Sweyne and Osberne whome he calleth breethren with theyr Vncle Earle Osborne and one Christianus a Bishoppe of the Danes and Earle Turketillus were guiders of this Danishe army and that afterwardes when Kyng William came into Northumberland hee sent vnto Earle Osborne promising to him that hee would permitte hym to take vp vittayles for his army about the Sea coastes and further to giue him a portion of money but so that he should departe and returne home so soone as the winter was passed But howsoeuer the matter wente with the Danes certayne it is by the whole consente of Writers that King William hauing thus subdued his enimies in the Northe hee tooke so greate displeasure with the inhabitauntes of the Countrey of Yorkshire and Northumberland that he wasted all the land betwixt Yorke and Durham VVil. Mal. so that for the space of sixtie miles there was left in maner no habitation for the people by reason wherof it lay wast and deserte for the space of nine or tenne yeares The goodly Cities with theyr Towers and Steeples set vp on a stately height and reaching as it were into the aire the beautifull fieldes and pastures watered with the course of sweete and pleasant Riuers if a straunger shoulde then haue behelde and also knowen before they were thus defaced hee woulde surely haue lamented or if anye olde inhabiter had bene long absent and nowe returned thither had seene this pitifull face of the countrey hee woulde not haue knowen it such destruction was made thorough out all those quarters whereof Yorke it selfe felt not the smallest portion The Bishop of Durham Egelwinus with his Cleargie fledde into holy Iland with S. Cutberts body and other iewels of the Churche of Durham Simon Dun. where they tarried three monethes and odde dayes before they returned to Durham agayne The Kings army comming into the countrey that lyeth betwixt the Riuers Theise Tyne found nothing but voyde fieldes and bare walles the people with their goodes and Cattell being fled and withdrawen into the Wooddes and Mountaynes if any thing were forgotten behinde Anno. 4. these new gestes were dilgent inough to finde it out In the beginning of the spring 1070 King William returned to London and now after all these troubles he began to conceyue greater hatred against the Englishmen than euer he hadde done before Polidor and therefore supposing hee shoulde neuer with gentlenesse winne their good willes he now determined to keepe them vnder with feare oppression a great number he banished and spoyled of all their goodes and not only such as he suspected but also those of whome hee was in hope to gaine any great portion of substance Stigand Alexander Bishop of Lincolne About the same time also the Archbishoppe Stigand and Alexander Bishop of Lincolne fled into Scotlande and there kepe themselues ◅ose for a season But the Kyng still continued in his hard proceeding againste the Englishmen in so much that now protesting how he came to the gouernance of the Realme onely by playne conquest Polidor The hard dealing of Kyng William against the Englishmen hee seyled into his hands the most parte of euery mans possessions causing them to redeeme the same at his handes agayne and yet reteyned a propertie in the most part
the Turke By this meanes the Pope got a great masse of money and yet nothing done agaynste the Turke which in the meane season did much hurt to the Christians but God amende all that is amisse About this time died three Bishops in England Iohn Morton Archbishop of Canterburye Thomas Langton Bisshop of Wynchester and Thomas Rotheram Archbishop of Yorke After him succeeded Thomas Sauage Bishop of LoÌ„don a man of great honour and worthinesse in whose place succeeded William Warham of whoÌ„ before is made mention And Henry Deane Bishop of Salisburie was made Archbishop of Canterburie and Richarde Foxe was remoued from Durham to the sea of Winchester Also this yeare two notable mariages were concluded but not consummate till afterwards as you shall heare in place conuenient For king Henrie graunted his daughter Ladie Margaret to Iames the fourth king of Scottes 1301 〈…〉 to â—…d Spaine And 〈◊〉 to Arâ—… Prince â—…es And Ferdinando king of Spaine gaue his daughter Ladie Katherine to Arthure Prince of Wales son and heyre apparaunt to the king of England Among other articles of the maryage concluded with the Scottish king this was one that no English men shoulde be receyued into ScotlaÌ„d without letters coÌ„mendatorie of their soueraigne Lord or safeconduct of his Wardaine of the Marches and the same prohibition was in like maner giuen to the Scottes This yeare the Ladie Katherine of Spaine was sent by hir father King Ferdinando with a puissant nauie of shippes into Englande An. reg 17. The fourth of October as Stow hath noted where she arriued in the HaueÌ„ of Plimmouth the second day of October then being Saterday Vpon the .xij. of Nouember she was conueyed from Lambeth through London with all tryumph and honour that myght be deuised to the Bishops Palaice the streetes beeing hanged and Pageants erected after the maner as is vsed at a coronation Whilest this Ladie soiourned for hir recreation in the Bishops Palaice of London being in the meane time visited of the king the Queene and the kings mother there was erected in the bodie of S. Pauls Church a long bridge made of Tymber extending from the West doore of the Churche to the steppe at the entring into the Queere which was sixe foote from the grounde On the sayd bridge or stage euen directly before the coÌ„sistorie of the church was a place raised like a Mount for eight persons to stand vpon coÌ„passed round about with steps to ascend and descend which was couered with fine red worsted and in like wise were all the rayles of the sayd stage On the north side of this mount was a place decked trymmed for the King and Queene and such other as they appoynted to haue On the South-side the same Mounte stoode the Maior and the Magistrates of the Citie When all things were prepared and set in order vpon the .xiiij. of Nouember then being Sunday the foresayde Ladie was ledde to the sayde Mounte The solemnization of the mariage betwene Arthur prince of Wales Katherin daughter to the king of Spaine and there Prince Arthur openly espoused hir both being clad in White both lustie and amorous he of the age of fiftene and more and she of the age of .xviij. or thereaboutes the King and Queene standing priuilye on theyr stage After the matrimonie celebrate the prince and his wife went vp into the Quere and there heard a solemne Masse sung by the Archbishop of Canterbury associate with .xix. Prelates mytred And after the Masse finished the Bryde was ledde homewardes to the Bishoppes Palayce by the Duke of Yorke being then a goodly yong prince and the Legate of Spaine Next after followed the Ladie Cicile sister to the Queene supporting the trayne of the spouse But to speake of all the solemne pompe noble companie of Lordes and Ladies and what a sumptuous feast and plentifull was kept with dauncing and disguisings woordes myght sooner fayle than matter worthye of rehearsall But euery day endeth and nyght ensueth and so when nyght was come the Prince and his beautifull Bride were brought and ioyned togyther in one bedde where they lay as man and wife all that night During the time of these iustes and triumphs were receyued into London an erle a bishop and diuerse noble personages sente from the king of Scots into England for conclusion of the mariage betwene the Lady Margaret and him which Erle by proxie in the name of king Iames hys maister Margaret eldest daughter to king Henry affied to Iames king of Scots 1502 affyed and contracted the sayde Ladie Which affiance was published at Paules crosse the day of the conuersion of Saint Paule in reioycing whereof Te Deum was soong and great fiers made through the Citie of London These things being accomplished the Ambassadours as well as Spaine as Scotland tooke their leaue of the King and not without great rewardes returned into their countreys When the Ambassadours were departed he sent his son Prince Arthur again into Wales to keepe that Country in good order appoynting to him wise and expert Counsaylers as sir Rycharde Poole his kinsman which was his chiefe Chamberlayne also sir Henrie Vernon sir Rycharde Croftes sir Dauid Philip sir William Vdall sir Thomas Englefield sir Peter Newton knightes Iohn Walleston Henry Marion and Doctor William Smith president of his counsaile and doctor Charles of the which two doctors the one was after Bishop of Lincolne and the other Bishop of Hereford A few monethes before the maryage of prince Arthur Edmonde de la Poole Earle of Suffolke sonne to Iohn Duke of Suffolke and Ladie Elizabeth sister to king Edward the fourth beeing balde and cashe withall was indyted of murther for sleaing of a meane person in his rage and furie and although the king pardoned him whom hee might iustly haue put to death for that offence yet bycause he was brought to the barre afore the kings Bench Edmonde Erle of Sâ—… flieth into flaunders and arraigned which fact he tooke as a greate maime and blemishe to hys honour shortly after vpon that displeasure hee fledde into Flaunders vnto his Aunte the Ladie Margaret the king not being priuie to his going ouer Neuerthelesse whether he was perswaded by his friends therevnto whom the king hadde wylled to deale with hym therein or whether vpon trust of his innocencie true it is that he returned againe and excused himselfe to the king so that he thought hym to be guiltlesse of anye cryme that myght bee obiected agaynst him But when the maryage betwixt the prince and the Ladie Katherin of Spaine was kept at London this Erle eyther for that he had passed hys compasse in excessiue charges and sumptuousnesse at that great tryumph and solemnitie and by reason thereof was farre run into debt eyther else through the procurement of his aunt the foresayd Lady Margaret or pricked with some priuie enuie which could not paciently with open eyes behold king Henry being of the aduerse faction to
by in y e winter season nor saw any hope how they should repasse againe into Gallia In the meane time the Brytish princes that were in the Romaine army perceyuing how greatly this mishap had discouraged the Romains againe by the smal circuit of their campe gessed that they coulde be no great number and that lacke of vitayles sore oppressed them they priuily stale away one after another out of the campe purposing to assemble their powers againe to forestall the Romains from vitayleâ—… and so to driue the â—â—tter off till winter which if they might do vanquishing these or closing them from returning they trusted that none of the Romains from then thenceforth would attempt eftsoones to come come into Baytain Cesar mistrusting their dealings bicause they stayd to deliuer the residue of their hostages commaunded vitails to be brought out of y e parties adioyning not hauing other 〈◊〉 to repâ—…iâ—â— his ships becaused .xij. of those that were vtterly past recouerie by the hurts receyued through violence of the teÌ„â—â—st â—…o be broken wherwith the other in which some recouerie was perceyued might be repayred In the meane time whilest these things were a doing it chaunced that as one of the Romaine legions named the .vij. was sent forth to suche in corne out of the countrey adioyning as theyr custome was no warre at that time being suspected or once looked for when part of the people remayned abrode in the field and part repayred to the camp those that warded before the campe aduertised Cesar that three appearedâ—… dust grâ—â—er than was acenst oâ—â—ed from that quarter into the which the legion was gone to fetch in câ—…râ—…e Cesar iudging therof what the matter might meane commaunded those handes that waâ—…ded to goe with him that way forth and appoynted other two bands to come into their rowmthes and the resâ—…one of his people to get them to armor and to follow quickly after him He was not gone any great way from the campe when hee might see where his people were one matched by 〈◊〉 enimies and had muchâ—â— do to heare out the brunt for the legion bring thronged togither the Brytaynes peâ—…ted them sore with arrows darts on ech side for sithence there was no fortage left in any part of the country about but only in this 〈◊〉 y e Brytains indged that the Romains would come thither for it therfore 〈◊〉 lodged theÌ„selues w tin the woods in ambâ—â—â—s the night 〈◊〉 on y e â—…orow after when they saw the Romains dispersed here there and busie to cut downe the 〈◊〉 they set vpon them on the soden sâ—â—â—ing some few of them brought the residue out of order coÌ„passing theÌ„ about with their horsmen and charets so that they were in greate distresse The maner of fight with these charets was such that in y e beginning of a battaile they would ride aboute the sides and skirts of the enimies host bestow their dartes as they sat in those charets so that oftentimes wyth the braying of the horses craking noise of y e charet whreâ—â—s they disordred their enimies and 〈◊〉 that they had wound themselues in amongst the troupes of horsineÌ„ they would leap out of the charets fight a foot in the mean time those y t guided the charets would withdraw theÌ„selues out of the battail placing theÌ„selues so that if their people were ouermatched with the multitude of enimies they might easily withdraw to their charets and mount vpon the same againe by meanes whereof they are as readie to remoue as the horsemen as stedfast to stand in the battaile as the footmen and so to supplie both dueties in one And those Charetmen by exercise and custome were so canning in their feat that although their horses were put to run and gallop yet could they stay them hold them backe at their pleasures and turne and wind them to and fro in a moment notwithstanding that the place were very steepe and daungerous and againe they would run vp and downe very nimbly vpon the coppes stand vpoÌ„ y e beam and conuey theÌ„selues quickly again into y e charet Cesar thus finding his people in great distresse and readie to be destroyed came in good time and deliuered theÌ„ out of that daunger for y e Brytains vpon his approch with new succors gaue ouer to assaile their enimies any further the Romaines were deliuered out of the feare wherein they stoode before his comming Immediately wherevpon euen the same day they sent Ambassadors to Cesar to sue for peace who gladly accepting their offer commaunded them to send ouer into Gallia after he shoulde be returned thither hostages in nuÌ„bre double to those that were agreed vpon at the first After that these things were thus ordred Cesar bycause that the Moneth of September was wel neare halfe spent and that Winter hasted on a season not meete for his weake bruysed shippes to brooke the Seas in determined not to stay anye longer but hauing winde and weather for his purpose got himselfe a boorde with his people and returned into Gallia Thus wryteth Cesar touching his first iourney made into Brytaine Caesar de 〈◊〉 Gallia 〈◊〉 But the Brytish Hystorie which Polidore calleth the new Hystorie declareth that Cesar in a pight field was vanquished at the first encounter and so withdrew backe into Fraunee Beda also wryteth thus that Cesar coÌ„ming into the countrey of Gallia where the people then called Moâ—…ini inhabited whiche are at this day the same that inhabite the Dioces of Terwine from whence lyeth the shortest passage ouer into Brytain now called England got togither .lxxx sayle of great shippes and row Gallies with the which he passed ouer into Brytayne and there at the first being wearied with sharpe and sore fight and after taken with a grieuous tempest lost the more part of his nauie with no small number of his souldiers and almost all his horsemen And therewith being returned into Gallia placed his souldiers in steeds to soiourne there for the winter season Thus hath Bede The British hystorie moreouer maketh mention of three vnder kings that ayded Cassibellane in this first battail fought w t Cesar as Cridiorâ—…s alias Ederus K. of Albania nowe called Scotland Guitethus king of Venedocia that is north Wales Britael king of Demetia at this day called south Wales The same hystorie maketh also mention of one Belinus that was general of Cassibelanes army and likewise of Nenius brother to Cassibelane which in the fight happened to get Cesars sword fastned in his shield by a blow which Cesar stroke at him Androgeus also and Tenancius were at the battail in ayde of Cassibelane But Nennius died within .xv. dayes after the battail of the hurt receiued at Cesars hand although after he was so hurt he slue Labienus one of y e Rom. Tribunes all which may well be true sith Cesar either maketh the best of things for his owne honor or else coueting to write but
was so farre spred increased that they spared neither the bodies of old nor yōg but were redy most shamefully to abuse thē hauing whipped hir naked being an aged woman forced hir daughters to satisfie their filthie cōcupiscence but saith she the Gods are at hand ready to take iust reuenge The legion that presumed to encounter with vs is slaine beaten down The residue kepe them close within their holds or else seeke wayes how to ◅lie out of the countrey they shall not bee once able so much as to abide the noise clamor of so many thousands as we are here assembled much lesse the force of our great puissāce dreadfull hands If ye therefore sayd she would w◅gh and consider with your selues your huge nūbers of men of warre the causes why ye haue moued this warre ye woulde surely determine either in this battel to die with honor or else to vāquish the enimie by plaine force for so quoth she I being a woman am fully resolued as for you men ye may if ye list liue and be brought into bondage Neither did Suetonius cease to exhort his people for although he trusted in their manhood yet as he had deuided his army into three battails so did he make vnto ech of thē a seueral oration willing thē not to feare the shrill vaine menating threats of the Britains that ther was among thē more womē thā mē they hauing no skill in warlike discipline hereto being naked withoute furniture of armor would forthwith giue place whē they should feele the sharp points of the Romains weapōs the force of thē by whō they had so oftē bin put to flight In many legions sayth he the nūber is small of thē that win the battell Theyr glorie therfore shuld be the more for that they being a small nūber should win the fame due to the whole army if they wold thronging togither bestow their weapons freely and with their sworde and targets preasse forwarde vpon their enimies continuing the slaughter without regarde to the spoyle they might assure themselues when the victorie was once atchieued to haue all at theyr pleasures Such forwardnesse in the souldiers followed vpon this exhortation of the Generall that euery one prepared himselfe so redily to do his dutie and that with such a shew of skill and experience that Suetonius hauing conceyued an assured hope of good lucke to follow caused the trumpets to sounde to the battaile The onset was giuen in the straytes greatly to the aduantage of the Romaines being but an handfull in comparison to their enimies The fight in the beginning was verie sharpe and cruell but in the ende the Brytaynes being a let one to another by reason of the narrownesse of the place were not able to sustain the violēt force of the Romaines theyr enimies so that they were constrayned to giue backe and so being disordred were put to flight and vtterly discomfited There were slaine of the Brytaynes that day fewe lesse than .lxxx. thousande ◅0000 Bry◅ains slaine as Tacitus writeth For the straytes beeing stopped with the Charets stayed the flight of the Brytaynes so as they could not easily escape and the Romains were so set on reuenge that they spared neyther man nor woman so that many were slain in the battaile many amongest the Charettes and a great number at the woodde side which way they made theyr flight and many were taken prysoners Those that escaped would haue foughten a newe battail but in the meane time Voadicia or Bonuica deceassed of a natural infirmitie as Dion Cassius wryteth but other say that shee poysoned hirselfe and so dyed bycause she would not come into the handes of hir enimies There dyed of the Romaines part in this most notable battaile foure E. and about the like number were hurt and wounded Penius Posthumus maister of the campe of the seconde legion vnderstanding the prosperous successe of the other Romaine Captains bycause he had defrauded his legion of the like glorie and had refused to obey the commaundements of the Generall Penius Posthumus sleaeth himselfe cōtrarie to the vse of warre slue himself After this all the Romain armie was brought into the field to make an ende of the residue of the warre And the Emperor caused a supplie to be sent out of Germanie of two M. of legionarie souldiers and .viij. bands of aydes with M. horsmen by whose comming the bandes of the ninth legion were supplied with legionarie soldiers and those bands and wings of horsemen were appointed to places where they might winter and suche people of the Brytaynes as were either enimies or else stoode in doubt whether to bee friendes or enimies in deede were persecuted with fire and sworde But nothing more afflicted them than fa◅ for whilest euerie man gaue himself to the warre and purposed to haue liued vpon the prouision of the Romains and other their enimies they applied not themselues to tyllage nor to any husbanding of the groūd and long it was ere they being a fierce kinde of people fell to embrace pea◅ Iulius Classicianus Procurator by reason that Iulius Classicianus who was sent into Britain as successor to Caius ◅elt◅ at square with Suetonius and by his priuate grudge hyndred the prosperous successe of publike affayres he sticked not to write vnto Rome that except an other were sent to succeede in the rowmeth that Suetonius bare there woulde be no ende of the warres Herevpō one p◅licletus which somtime had bene a bond man was sent into Britain as a commissioner to suruey the state of the countrey and to make the legate and procurator friends also to pacifie all troubles within the I le The port which Policletus bare was great he was furnished with no small trayne that attented vpon him so that his presence seemed very dreadful to the Romains But the Britains that were not yet pacified thought great scorne to see suche honourable captaines and men of warre as the Romaines were to submit themselues to the order of such a one as had beene a bone slaue In the end in place of Suetonius Petronius Turpilianus lieutenant was Petronius Turpilianus which had lately bene Consull appoynted to haue the gouernance of the army in Brytain the which neither troubling the enimie nor beeing of the enimie in any wise troubled or prouoked did color slouthfull rest with the honest name of peace and quietnesse so sate still without exployting any notable enterprise Moreuer there rose dissention amongest theyr men of warre which being vsed to lye abroade in the fielde coulde not agree with the ydle lyfe so that Trebellius Maximus was glad to hide him selfe from the sight of the Souldiers being in an vprore agaynste him tyll at length humbling himself vnto them further than became his estate he gouerned by way of intreatie or rather at their courtesie And so was the cōmotion stayed without bloudshed y e armie as it were hauing by couenant obteyned to
same time with the Ethiopians that had inuaded the realme of Egypt euen vnto Memphis This Gathelus to bee short went forth with his bandes agaynst the same Ethiopians vnder Moses the Captaine generall of the armie chosen thereto by diuine Oracle as Iosephus wryteth which Moses obteyned the victorie and conquered Saba by force he the chiefest and principall Citie which stoode in the Isle Meroe For such tokens of valiancie and worthie prowes as Gathelus shewed both in this Countrey in other places he grew also into such estimation with Pharao that he gaue him his daughter in mariage But Moses was rather enuied than honored for his doyng bycause the Egyptians doubted least the Israelites should encrease to such a puyssant multitude that in the ende they might vsurpe and chalenge the gouernance of the whole Realme and bring it by rebelling into their owne handes wherefore diuerse informations were made to the king agaynst him Moyses fled so that when he once perceyued himselfe to be in daunger of the lawe and looked for no mercie at their handes fled from thence out of the Countrey and gate him into the lande of Madian The Citie Thebes was giuen vnto Gathelus Scota daughter to Pharao Vnto Gathelus and his people there was giuen a Citie called Thebes Egyptiaca being taken from the Israelites Here must you vnderstande that Pharaos daughter whiche Gathelus thus maryed was called Scota of whom such as came of the posteritie of that nation were afterwardes and are at this present day called Scoti that is to say Scottish men and the land where they inhabite Scotia that is to say Scotlande The credite of this historie of Gathelus we leaue to the authors Israel oppressed Moses called out of Madian into Egypt Gathelus thus being aduaunced by such honourable maryage lyued all the dayes of his father in law Pharao Orus in great honour But after his discease and in the thirde generation an other king named Pharao Chencres succeeded in his throne who oppressed the people of Israel then abyding in Egypt with more bōdage than euer his father or grandfather had don before him Neither was there hope of any redresse till Moyses returned by Gods appoyntment from amongst the Madianites where he had remayned in exile into Egypt and there declared vnto this Pharao Gods commaundement touching the deliuerance of his people But forsomuch as his wordes were regarded neyther with the king nor with his subiects Moses not regarded Exodus 5. that lande was plagued in most horrible and terrible maner and moreouer it was signified vnto such as sought to know what was meant by way of Oracles that sorer and more grieuous plagues should after follow if remedie were not founde the sooner Gathelus therefore being certified hereof and giuing credite to the Oracles aforesayde determined out of hande to forsake the countrey Gathelus leauing Egypt seeketh other countreyes and seeke him a new place of abode in some other partyes of the worlde Wherefore he caused a number of shippes to be rigged and all necessarie purueyance to be prouided and when the same was once readie and all things set in order he tooke with him his wife and children and a great multitude of people both Greekes and Egyptians whom he embarqued in those shippes Gathelus depa◅ting was Anno mundi 2453. W.H. 3643. H.B. and hoysing vp sayles departed out of the mouth of the riuer Nilus in the yeare of the worldes creation 2453. when hee had dwelled in Egypt .39 yeares and more Beeing thus departed after some trouble in the voyage they arriued first on the coastes of Numydia He was repulsed in Barbary whiche is one of the regions of Affrike now called Barbarie but beyng put backe from thence by the stowte resistaunce of the inhabitauntes they tooke the Seas agayne and landed in a part of Spayne whiche long after was called Lusitania He landed in Portingale There be that haue written how it should be cleped Port Gathele of this Gathelus and certaine yeares after Lusitania and eftsoones agayne in a maner to haue got the former name being somewhat corruptly called Portingale But who is able in a mater of such auncientie to auowche any thing for truth Gathelus with his companie beyng thus come to lande sought abrode in the countrey for vytayles and such other necessarie things as they wanted for their long being on the Seas had wasted all their purueyance The inhabitants resist Gathelus Were ouerthrowne whose arriual being once knowen in the countrey the people assembled togither and fiercely encountring with the straungers after sharpe and cruell fight in the ende the Spanyardes were put to the worse and chased out of the fielde This victory put Gathelus and his folkes in hope of good successe to haue their a place for them to inhabite in A communication and so to end their long wandering in straunge and vncertaine places And to the intent they might bring their purpose the more easily to passe they found meanes by way of communication to ioyne in friendship with the Spanyardes and obtayning of them a plotte where they might buylde a place for to inhabite in Gathelus buildeth the Citie Bracchara shortly after they began the foundation of a Citie neare to the bankes of the Riuer called of auncient tyme Mundus and afterwardes Bracchara It chaunced after this that the Spanyardes perceyuing these straungers to increase further in puysa◅nce than as they thought stoode well with theyr securitie sought diuerse occasions to fal at debate with them and to make warres vpon them But when they vnderstoode that Gathelus was as ready to defend A consultation as they were to inuade they eftsoones fell to a communication and perswaded with Gathelus that it should be best for him and his people for the auoyding of variance to remoue vnto the Northside of Spayne lying vpon the coastes of the Cantabrian seas nowe called Galitia where he should finde much voyde grounde by reason of the smal number of Inhabitants adding that if they would so do Gathelus left Portingale and went into Galitia He builded a Citie called Brigantia and nowe Compostella they would ayde them to the vttermost agaynst all such as shoulde attempt to disquiet their indeuours in any maner of wise This offer Gathelus gladly accepted and causing publike sacrifice to be celebrate in honour of the Goddes he departed with all his people into Galitia and there concluding a league with the inhabitants buylded a Citie which he named Brigantia but after it was called Nouium and now Compostella In continuance of time this nation grewe to a wōderful multitude The Spaniardes fight with the Scot◅ infortunately so that the Spaniards doubting the worst determined to foresee remedie in tyme and herevpon purposing vtterly to destroy them got them againe to armour and with their whole puissance comming vpon the Scottish men gaue them a sore battaile though in the ende they
they were disceÌ„ded as it were of one nation Whilest these things were thus a doing there came also the long wished ayde from the Dailes and Norwegian to the number of tenne thousande mens vnder the leading of one Gildo Gildo is kepte pepâ—… off from landing by the Romains This Gildo with his naâ—…ie firste arriued in the Frithe betwixt Fyfe and Louthian but for that the Romains kepte him off from landing there hee caste aboute and come into the riuer of Tay Gildo arriueth in Tay water where he landed all his people and prouision whereof he had good store bothe vittayle and armme Cornelius Tacitus maketh no mention of any fortaine ayd to come to the succours of his enimies compreheÌ„ding them all vnder the name of Brytons Garnard the king of the Picts ioyfully receiueth Gildo Garnard king of the Pictes hearing of theyr arriuall there â—…withwith vpon the newes departed from Dundee accompanied with a greate number of his Nobles and coÌ„ming to the place where Gildo with his armie was lodged receyued him in moste ioyfull wise feasted and banquetted him and his people and shewed them all the tokens of moste hartie loue and friendship that coulde be deuised Gildo himself was led by the king vnto Dundee and lodged with him there in the castle his people were prouided for abrode in the countrey in places moste for theyr vast to refreshe themselues the better after their painefull iourney by the seas Shortly after there came vnto Dundee the Sect to the king Galde Galde coÌ„meth vnto Dundee to welcome Gildo who for his parte did all the honour that in him lay vnto Gildo shewing himselfe moste ioyfull and gladde of his coÌ„ming yeelding vnto him and his people suche thankes and congratulations as scâ—â—â— beste to the purpose and receyued no losse at has and their handes againe After they had remayned thus certaine dayes togither at Dundee Gald Garnard and Gildo assembles couÌ„sel at Forfare where they deuise how to proceede in theyr warre bothe the kings Galde and Garnarde togyther with this 〈◊〉 wente into the Castle of Forfare there to consulte with the Captaines and gouernours of theyr menne of warre how to mayntaine themselues in theyr enterprise against the enemie At length they resolued not to goe forth into the first til the winter season were paste for douâ—…te of the inconuienience that might ensue by reason of the extreeme colde intemperancie of ayâ—… to the whiche that countrey is greatly subiect In the meane time they tooke order for the furniture of all things necessarie for the warres They determine to rest al the winter make fronter warre onely to haue the same in a perfite readinesse agaynst the next spring and till then they did appoynt onely to keepe fronter warke that the Romains should not stray abroade to fetche in vittayles and other prouisions to theyr owne gaynes and the vndoing of the poore inhabitants Vpon this determination when the counsell was broake vp Galâ—…e withdrewe into Atholl to defende those parties and Garnarde with the Danishe generall Gildo furnished all the Castels and holdes in Angus ouer agaynst the riuer of Tay to stoppe the passages of the same that the enimies shoulde enter no further on that side Thus passed the winter for that yeare without any griat exployte on either part atchieued In the beginning of the nexte sommer Agricola sendeth forth his nauie of ships to discouer the furthest poynt of Brytaine northwarde Agricols appointed his nauie of ships to sayle aboute the coastes of the furthest partes of Albion making diligent search of euery creeke and hauen alongst by the same The Mariners execuÌ„ting his commaundement â—…ayled rounde aboute the Northe coaste and discoueryng many of the Westerne Isles and likewise those of Drâ—…ney till at length they founde out Picte lande Firth being a streyte of Sea of twentie miles in breadth whiche separateth the Isles of Orkney from the poynt of Cathinesse passing with so swifte a course that without an expert pylote the shippes that shall passe the same are oftentimes in great daunger by reason of the contrery course of the tydes The Romaine mariners therfore finding certaine husband men in the next Isles constreines them to go a shipborde and to guide them thorow that streyte promising them high rewardes for theyr labour but they vpon a malicious intent not passing for their owne liues so they might be reuenged of theyr enimies in casting away suche a notable number of them togither with theyr vessels entred the fireyte at suche an inconuenient time The Romaine ships through want of pylots are losse in PictlaÌ„d Firth that the shippes were borne with violence of the streame against the rockes and shelues in suche wise that a number of the same were drowned and loste without recouerie Agricola making a bridge ouer Tay water passeth by the same with his hoste and encampeth neare to the foote of the mountayne of Granzbene Some of them that were not ouer hastie to follow the firste seeing the present losse of theyr fellowes returned by the same way they came vnto Agricola who in this meane tyme had caused a bridge to be made ouer y e riuer of Tay by the whiche hee passed with his whole armie and encamped on the further side thereof neare to the rootes of the mountayne of Granzbene leauing the bridge garnised with a competent number of souldiers to defende it against the enimies The Pictes being not a little troubled herewith dispatched foorth a messenger with all haste vnto Galde the Scottishe king signifying vnto him the whole matter and therevpon requyred him of ayde Galde hauing mustered his people aswell Scottishe as Irishe essembled them togither to the number of .xl. thousand persons what of one and other and incontinently with al speede marcheth foorth to come vnto the ayde of the Pictes and so within a fewe dayes passing ouer the mountaine of Grambene he arriueth in a valley beyonde the same mountayne Galde king of the Scottish men commeth to the ayde of the Pictes where he findeth the Pictes Danes and Norwegians encamped togither not farre off from the host of the Romains Here taking aduise togither and in the ende determining to giue battayle The Scots and Pictes determine to giue battayle to the Romains king Galde vnto whome as before is expressed the gouernance of the whole was committed assembling togither all the number of the confederates made vnto them a long and pithie oration Galde exhorteth his people to higher manbelly exhorting them in defence of libertie the most 〈◊〉 iewel that maÌ„ might enioy to shew theyr manly stomakes against them that sought onely is depriue them of that so greate a benefite And sithe they were driuen euen to the vttermoste boundes of theyr countrey he perswaded them to make vertue of necessitie and rather choose to die with honour than to liue in perpetuall shame and ignominie whiche must nâ—…eded ensue to theyr whole
the Romains Crathlynt and the king of the Pictes come to a cōmunicatiō by Carantius his meanes who trauaileth to set them at one At this communication both the kings mette Carantius likewise was there as a man indifferent betwixt them bothe to do what he could to linke thē both in amitie And verily his presence there vnto stoode to much in steede that chiefly through his perswasion groūded vpon great reasons weightie cōsiderations they agreed to cōclude a peace to renew the old league in such manner forme and with such cōditions as should be thought requi◅e by the aduise discrete order of .viij. auncient persons iiij to be chosen on the one parte .iiij. on the other Which .viij. persons taking the matter in hand did so aduisedly giue order for the auoyding of all causes of grudge hatred Peace confirmed agayne betwixte the Scottishmen and Pictes that bothe partes held them satisfied with their arbitrement and direction so that a ioyfull peace was confirmed and all variance vtterly quenched In this meane time Quintus Bassianus the Romaine lieutenant in Brytaine vnderstāding how Carantius was thus reuolted and had not only caused them of Westmerland to rebell but also stayne and chased the Romains out of that countrey he was not a little disquieted determined with all speede to go against him to reuenge these iniuries Quintus Bassianus entreth into Westmerland but hearing that his enimies were at Yorke he turneth thitherwardes Within a fewe dayes after hauing his armie readie hee entred into Westmerland but hearing that his enimies were already come to Yorke had won the citie by surrender he turned his force thitherwards in purpose to fight with them though hee vnderstood they were in .iij. great battels as the Scottes in one the Pictes in an other those of Carantius his retinew in the third He lodged that night within a strong place fensed aboute with marrisses But Carantius vnderstanding all the manner of his enimies by his espials being in cāpe within .x. miles of them or therabout in the same night he raised his field without any great bruite and by the leading of certaine guides hee marched straight towards the place where Bassianus was encāped so that anone after y e spring of the day he came thither whereof Bassianus being aduertised and perceyuing he should haue battell maketh readie for y e same giuing the best exhortation he could vnto his people to play the men but for so much as the most parte of his armie were Brytains The Brytains betray the Romains all his woordes nothing auayled for they desirous to see the vtter ruine of all the Romaine power euen at the very poynt when the battels should haue ioyned withdrew thēselues aparte without any stroke striken and got thē vp into the next mountayns to see what would insue The residue of the Romain armie seing thēselues thus forsaken of their fellowes their sides left bare open for the enimie to enter vpon them fell to plaine running away The Romains are discōfited but by reason of the marisse ground cōpassing them in on each side sewing wel to purpose for y e Scots other the confederates The slaughter of the Romains a great nūber of the Romains other of their parte were ouertaken and slaine Amongst whom Bassianus himself was one Hircius themperours procurator an other The Brytains who as is sayd refused to fight in the beginning of the battell yeelded thēselues vnto Carantius The Brytains yeelde themselues vnto Carantius sware to be his true liege mē subiects In like manner Carantius appointed al such of the nobilitie as were betwixt .xx. yeres and .lx. to remaine with him in hostage but the spoyle of the field he diuided amongst his people equally so that aswel the Scottish men Picts as also his owne souldiers held thē well content and satisfied therewith After this victory Carantius caused himself to be proclaymed king of Brytaine Carantius or Carautius as Eutropius nameth him vsurpeth the kingdome of Brytaine vsurping the gouernment therof wholy to himself and retayning .2000 of the Scots and Pictes to attend vpon the sauegard of his person sent the residue home laden with riches of the enimies spoyle Hee sent also with them his ambassadours to render thankes vnto bothe the kings for theyr ayd in this so prosperous a victorie Carantius hauing got the victory deuideth the gaine in assigning to his cōfederates their due porcions assigning vnto them as a portion of the conquest the countreys of Westmerland and Cumberland with all that region whiche lay betwixt Adrians walle and the citie of Yorke to enioy as their owne proper patrimonie for euermore Finally the sayde Carantius was slayne by his companion Alectus as in the English historie ye may finde more at large After this Crathlynt king of the Scots deliuered frō troubles against the Romains deuised sundry good ordinances for the quiet state of the Scottish cōmon wealth causing the peace to be diligently obserued betwixt him and the Pictes Also in his dayes the persecution of the Christians chaūced The persecutiō of the Christians by Diocletian which the Emperour Diocletian cōmaūded to be executed in most furious wise so that there were fewe partes of the world where any Christians were knowē to inhabite that tasted not of that his cruell ordinaunce and scourge in that behalf In Brytaine also as wel as in other places there was no small quantitie of innocent bloud shed with moste vnmercifull murder committed to the greate triumphe of Christes crosse that glorious ensigne of our religion In whiche time Constantius Chlorus father to Constantine the great was resident in Brytaine who adiudging the Scottes to be a people wholly giuen to pillage and slaughter as they were in deede determined with himselfe to haue brought them to subiection But ere he could atchieue any notable enterprise he died leauing behind him the fame of a right gentle and worthy Prince Constantius persecuteth the Christians sauing that in one poynt he sore stayned his honor for that hee was one of the chiefe that persecuted the Christian flocke vnder Diocletian forcing no small number of the faithfull amongst the Brytains Many of the Brytains flee to the Scottes to auoyde persecution to flee vnto the Scottes Picts to auoyde his persecutiō Whom Crathlynt receyued for his part most louingly and assigned vnto them as the Scots say the Isle of Man for a place of habitation Crathlynt distroyeth the temples of the false goddes in Man destroying al such temples of the heathen religion belonging to the Dr◅ides which had cōtinued there sith the beginning And vtterly abolished all thē superstitious rites customes of the same Druides with their whole order and brotherhood He erected a tēple there which he dedicated vnto Iesus Christ our Sauiour wherin the Christiās might celebrate their deuine seruice according
vp with dead carcases he thought best with the aduice of his peares to licence his people to departe to their homes and not to fight any more with his enimies for that time Whiche being done he himselfe repayred the same night vnto Carricke where he remayned for a season making prouision for defence of his realme the best he could deuise Maximus hauing knowledge in the morning how the Scots were quite gone theyr wayes he determined to haue followed theÌ„ but being ascertayned of a rebellioÌ„ amongst the Brytains in Kent A rebellion in Kent he chauÌ„ged his purpose returned thitherwardes to appease that tumulte leauing in Galloway a good parte of his armie to keepe such holdes as he had got in that voyage The yeere following Maximus was so busied in y e south parts of Brytaine that he could not atteÌ„d vnto the warres against the Scots otherwise than in maintayning such garrisons as he had placed in their countreys by reason whereof sundry bickerings happened betwixt them of the same garrysons the Scots who laboured not onely to deliuer theyr owne countrey out of the handes of all forrainers but also to inuade destroy Pictlande so that they harried the countrey of Fyfe The Scots endomage the pictes with part of Menteth and Sterling shyre brenning and wasting townes castels and houses most cruelly Wherof Maximus being certified made semblaÌ„ce as though he were sore grieued therewith Maximus his fayned griefe but inwardly he could haue reioyced at nothing more than to heare of the iniuries done by the Scots vnto y e Picts supposing it to make chiefly for his purpose herevpoÌ„ preparing an armie against the next sommer wheÌ„ he had disposed al things in a quiet order amongst the Brytains Maximus eftsoones inuadeth the Scotâ—… he set foreward with the same towardes Galloway where being arriued there was no kinde of crueltie spared against the poore inhabitants Eugenius in the meane time vnderstaÌ„ding y e coÌ„ming of his enimies mustred his people Eugenius prepareth an armie to defend his countrey appointed the assemble to be made in the countrey of Kyle whiche way hee heard that his enimies would trauayle Thither came also not only al the able men of the Scottish dominioÌ„s but likewise a great number of lustie and strong womeÌ„ apt to beare armure Women vsed to the warres according to the old accustomed guise of theyr nation so that there were numbred in this armie .l. M. The number of the Scottish armie persons right fierce and hardie desirous either to vaÌ„quish the enimie with dinte of sworde or els to die presently in the place Maximus hearing that the Scots were thus encaÌ„ped in Kyle marched towards theÌ„ lodged the same night not far off froÌ„ the riuer of MuÌ„da The approche of Maximus towardes the Scottes where knowledge was giuen vnto Eugenius y t Maximus was come within .v. miles of him with a greater armie than he had at his last encouÌ„tring w t him in Galloway These aduertisements caused no small sturre to be raysed in the caÌ„pe some being strikeÌ„ with present feare where other coÌ„trarywise moued with high indignatioÌ„ desired nothing so much as to ioyne in battell w t the Romains whose cruell tirannie they very much detested Eugenius himselfe shewed no countenance of feare at all but encouraging his people with comfortable wordes Eugenius coÌ„forteth his people he brought theÌ„ streight in order of battell deuided into thrée wardes coÌ„mitting one of them to the leading of his brother Ethodius the secoÌ„d to Doalus the gouernour of Argile reseruing the .iij. to himself This done he made vnto them a pithie oration declaring how necessarie it was for them to play the men considering that in victorie consisted the onely hope of libertie and in beeing vanquished theyr Countrey was endaungered to be brought into perpetuall bondage for euer for the onelye marke which the Romains shotte at was to oppresse the libertie of the whole Ilande and to reduce the lame into the forme of a Prouince to be gouerned at the wil of the victorers to the breach of all their olde auncient lawes and long continued customes With these and many other like reasons hee went about to encourage the myndes of his subiects in such wise that in maner the most part of them determined rather to die with honour than to liue in such miserie as they feared woulde ensue if the victorie shoulde rest vpon the Romains side The sodaine arriuall of Maximus And as they were in such talke togither sodainly commeth in one of theyr scoutes wyth newes that Maximus with his armie was euen at hande This was in the morning anone after the Sunne was vp whereas he was not looked for till the euening following insomuche that the fame his sodaine arriuall chauncing so farre contrarie to theyr former expectations troubled all their heads and brought them into a great maze for that hereby they were constrained to chaunge the order of theyr battailes to haue the sunne on their backes as they had prouided at the fyrst it should haue bene if the enimies had not come vntill the after noone Yet notwithstanding they had no sooner chauÌ„ged their place and gotten themselues into array of battaile againe The Scottes giue the onseâ—… but that with great violence they preassed forwarde to giue the onset vpon the Romaines Which Maximus perceyuing made all the speede he coulde to set his men in order of battaile that he might receyue his enimies comming thus to encounter him So both sides beeing fully bent to battayle and approched within daunger of shot they lette flie the same most egerly The battailes ioyne albeit that through hasting forth to ioyne at hande strokes there was little hurt done with bowes or dartes The Scottes crying vpon the name of their worthie and most famous auncetter king Gald layde aboute them moste fiercely after they came once to the ioyning and lykewise the Romains being encouraged with the chearefull wordes of the Lieutenant Maximus Doubtfull fight boldely encountered them so that it was doubtfull at the first whether part should haue the worse ende of the staffe but shortly there followed variable successe for on the one part they of Rosse and Mar being appoynted vnder Ethodius to encounter that wing of the enimies where the Pictes were fought so egerly and with such fierce willes Ethodius ouer throweth the Pictes that they easily put the Pictes vnto flight beating downe a great number of them as they woulde haue passed the water of Dune but streight wayes after fallyng to the spoyle they were slayn downright by a legion of suche Romaines as were sente by Maximus vnto the succours of the Pictes The Scots hauing vanquished the Picts are slaine by the Romainâ—… â–ª On the other side in the left wing those of Argile Cantyre Kyle and Coningham who were matched with the Brytaines French men and Germains after long and cruell fight were
there slaine in the place greatly to theyr fame and glorie for euer so that by this meanes the maine battaile of the Scottish men wherein Eugenius himselfe stoode amongst his people was left bare and naked on both the sydes Which Maximus perceyuing he caused the same to bee assayled on ech part with such violence that in the end longer resistaunce preuayled not The Scottish battaile is ouerthrowne but that their mayne battaile must néedes be opened perforce by meanes whereof Eugenius choosing rather to die in the place than eyther to saue his life by flight or by rendering himselfe into his enimies handes to liue in miserie â—…ugenius is â—…aine c. was there slaine togither with a great number of his nobles and gentlemen hauing determined by the example of their maister to die rather speedily with honour than longer to liue with shame and reproch Thus Eugenius lost his life with his kingdome in the thirde yeare after his first entring into the rule hauing enioyed few good dayes in rest during the sayde tyme. Such of the Scots also as were appoynted to kepe the cariage and trusse of the field seeing their Lordes and maisters thus slaine The furious â—…age of the Scottish Carâ—…ers rushed forth with such weapoÌ„s as they had at haÌ„d in purpose to slea some number of their enimies not passing though it should cost them also their owne liues so that they might die reuenged The slaughter was great whiche at the first was made more through an obstinate desire of reuenge than by any valiant actiuitie but this companie being anon broken in sunder and driuen backe they were finally slaine and beaten downe Moreouer the Romains that pursued in chase after their enimies when the battaile was done encountered with great numbers of such women and aged persons as followed a farre off to vnderstand the successe of the fielde doubting what happe might fall to their children and kinsfolkes whose slaughter when they perceyued like people enraged they flew vpon such Romaines as they met with but being easily vanquished and refusing to flee they were also slain and cut in peeces in a most miserable maner The Romaines hauing thus rid the fieldes of all kind of enimies lodged that night abrode here and there at their pleasure where they might hear the dolefull gronings and lamentable coÌ„plaints of them that lay wounded and as yet not deade cursing most bitterly the cruel tyrannie and couetous ambition of the Romans with that most detestable disloyaltie of the Picts procuring this murther and destruction of those people that had deserued farre otherwise at their handes When the morning was come Maximus the Lieutenaunt caused the spoyle of the deade bodyes to be gathered The spoyle deuided amongst the souldiers and equally deuided amongst his men of warre And such as were founde sore wounded and not dead to shewe some token of clemencie according to the olde accustomed maner of the auncient Romaines hee commaunded surgeons to see to the cure of them The other being deade he suffered to be buryed causing the corps of Eugenius hymselfe to bee enterred in most solemne and pompous sort The buriall of the dead bodies by appointment of Maximus after the vsage of the Romaine Princes His brother Ethodius beeing found mangled in moste pitifull wise and in manner halfe deade was also taken vp by commaundement of the same Maximus Ethodius sore wounded is committed to the cure of Surgeons and Surgeons charged to haue the ordering of hym and to shewe theyr diligence for the cure of his hurtes in most speedie and gentle wise The victorie thus atchieued Maximus surueyeth the Countreyes of Kyle Carricke and Conningham with that also of Calidone and seazeth the same into hys handes suffering the Inhabitauntes to enioye both goodes and landes in peace and quietnesse vppon theyr othes of allegeaunce wythoute anye further molestation Hiergust King of the Pictes with other the Nobles of that Nation Hiergust desireth the vtter destruction of the Scottes were nothing contented therewith desirous to see the vtter destruction of all the Scottishe race Wherevnto Maximus at the first would not agree alledging the ancient custom of the Romains who sought rather to vanquish by benefites than by the sword euer vsing to spare suche as submitted themselues and in no wise to spot their honour nor maiestie of their Empyre with crueltie But the Pictes not satisfied herewith The earnest sute of the Picts to haue the Scottishe men banished and expulled out of the Countrey went about earnestly to perswade him in no condition to suffer the Scottes to haue any abyding within the confines of Brytayne if hee wished anye quietnesse in the estate thereof for theyr delyght sayde the Pictes was onely set to seeke occasions howe to disturbe the peace to liue by the pyllage and spoyle of theyr neighbours and namely of the Pictes vnto whose confusion as the Prophecies spake they were begotten and borne Finally when all theyr earnest sute myssed the wished effect they fell to Where wordes faile gyftes preuaile and assayed if they might bring that to passe by wicked meede and through corrupting brybes whiche they coulde not do by other meanes And euen as it oftentymes chaunceth in suche cases where wordes are but spent in wast giftes yet preuayle The proclamation for the auoyding of all Scottishe men forth of the whole Iland of Brytaine so also came it to passe euen here for at length a Proclaymation came forth by procurement of the Picts that al such as were naturall Scottishe men shoulde by a certayne day auoyde oute of those Countreyes that they possessed in Brytayne vppon paine of losing life and goodes and to delyuer vp theyr houses and landes vnto suche Brytaynes and Pictes as were appoynted by the Romaines for to enioy the same The Scottes perceyuing themselues not able to make any resistaunce The Scottes plagued for their beastly crueltie obeyed thys commaundement some of them passing ouer into Ireland some into the westerne Iles and some of them got ouer also into Norway and Denmarke and manye there were that got intertaynment amongest the Romaine Souldiers and went ouer with them into Fraunce as yet called Gallia to serue in the warres there and in other places vnder y e Emperors ensignes The Pictes were so cruel and diligent to see all the Scottish linage confined that they would not consent that a certaine number of gentlewomen should remaine behinde The cruel dealing the Picts who had their husbandes slaine in the last warres and made intercession in moste lamentable wise vnto Maximus that they might bee permitted to abide in their natiue Countrey all the residue of their lyues though in seruile estate to the ende that they might bee buryed after the same were once ended in graues with their slaine husbandes Cartandis Queene of Scottes Moreouer where Cartandis Queene of the Scottes late wife vnto Eugenius was brought vnto Maximus with two
yeares after she dyed with the one of hir sonnes that is to wit Reginan the other Aidane was honourably brought vp by the king of that Countrey according to his byrth and degree Eugenius in the beginning of his raigne to win thereby the peoples fauor demeaned himself most gently in al his proceedings doing nothing that tasted in any part of crueltie He woulde oftentimes sit amongst the Iudges himselfe The humanity and fauorable friendship of king Eugenius towardes his people and if he suspected least any man had wrong he wold licence them to pleade their case of new And such as he perceyued were not of abilitie to folow their suite in any cause of right he would helpe them with money of the common treasurie He ordayned also that no orphane should be compelled to answere any action or otherwise bee vexed by suite of law Commēdable ordinances Moreouer that no widow should be constrayned to come past a mile forth of hir own doores for any matter in controuersie betwixt hir and any other person to be heard afore any Iudges or publike officers Robbers theues and their receptors he caused to be duly punished to refrain other from attempting the like offences And also he had a speciall regarde for the obseruing of the league betwixt his subiects and the Pictes with the Brytaynes according to the tenour of the same About this season should i t be also that Arthur did atchieue all those worthie victories which are ascribed vnto him agaynst the Scots The victorious conquests ascribed to Arthure Irish men Danes Norwegians other northren people Moreouer it is written by some authors that he shoulde subdue the most part of Germanie with the low coūtreys Brytain Normandie France and the Romaines with the people of the East but the credit hereof resteth with y e same authors Only it is certain as Hector Boetius affirmeth that Arthur liued in the dayes of Iustinianus the Emperour This causeth no smal doubt to arise of the great victories ascribed vnto Arthure aboute whiche time the Gothes Vandales Burgonions and Frenchmen did inuade sundrie partes of the Romaine Empyre pitifully wasting and spoyling the same where yet suche wryters as haue set forth those warres make no mention of Arthur at all Therfore letting all doubtfull things passe I will proceede with my author and declare what he hath found written in such Scottish Chronicles as he followeth touching the British Arthur which for that it partly varieth from the other our cōmon chronicles Geffray of Monmouth namely Geffray of Monmouth I think it worthy to be noted here to the ende that euery man may iudge therof as to him seemeth best The Brytaines repent themselues of the league concluded with the Pictes To the purpose then after the Brytains were deliuered from the terror of the Saxons and that with quietnesse they began to waxe welthie they repented them of the league which they had concluded afore with Loth king of the Pictes specially for that they could not in any wise be cōtented to haue any stranger to raign amongst them The request of the Brytaynes to haue one of their own nation appoynted to succeed king Arthure and hereupon comming vnto Arthur required of him sith he himself had no issue to succeed him y t it might please him yet to name one of his owne nation to gouerne them after his decease Arthure not gainsaying their request willed them sithe their pleasure was such in no wise to haue a stranger to raigne ouer them to name one themselues being discēded of the bloud royal and such a one as in whom they had perceyued some towardly proufe of wisedome valiancie and he for his part promised to ratifie their election The Nobles with great reioycing of the people drawing togither to consult for the choyse of suche a one as might bee acceptable to all the Brytish nation at length agreed vpon Constantinus the sonne of Cadore Duke of Cornewall a goodly yong Gentleman both for his person and other his worthy qualities muche to be commended Who being brought by the peeres of the Realme into the counsell chamber and there presented vnto king Arthure Constantine proclaymed heyre apparāt and prince of Brytaine as one most meetest to succeede him Arthure accepted their election right gladly and caused the same Constantine forthwith to bee proclaymed heyre apparant vnto the crowne by the name of Prince of Brytayne which notifyed him to be successor to the king in gouernment of the realme Constantine being in such wise preferred behaued himselfe so honourably and with suche a shew of gentle demeanor that he wan him much prayse with an opinion of high worthinesse amongst all the Brytish nation In this meane time was Loth the king of the Pictes deceassed Lothian taketh the name of Loth the Pictish king leauing his name as a perpetual memorie vnto his Countrey of Pictlande the which euer sithence as a remembraunce of his worthinesse hath beene called Lothian or Lawthian Mordred succeedeth Loth in the kingdome of Pictlande But his sonne Mordred succeeding him in gouernment of the Pictishe kingdome and hearing that Constantine was proclaimed heyre apparant of Brytayne was sore moued therewith and immediately sending his Ambassadors vnto king Arthure complayned Mordred cōplayneth vnto king Arthure for that Constantine was created hys heyre apparāt for that contrarie to the honour of his kingly estate he had broken the league concluded betwixt him and hys father late of famous memorie king Loth wherin it was agreed amongest other things that there shoulde none succeede in the kingdome of Brytayne after Arthures deceasse but the children begotte betwixt King Loth and his wife Queene Anne or suche as discended of them where contrariwyse it was notifyed vnto the Pictishe people that Constantine the sonne of Cadore was elected Prince and thereby enabled as heyre apparaunt to the crowne They required him therfore to cal himselfe to remembrance not so lightly to agree vnto the flattering perswasions of the Brytains aduising him vnto that thing which was meerely repugnaunt to reason and agaynst both Gods lawes and mans admonishing him withall to obserue the league according to the othe which he had solemnly taken vpon him and to moue his subiects to do the like least for the contrarie they shoulde prouoke the wrath of almightie God against thē who is the iust reuenger of all such as go aboute to breake leagues and couenanted pactions The answere made to the Pictish Ambassadours Herevnto answere was made by consent of the nobles of Brytayne that the league whiche was concluded betwixt Arthur and Loth endured but for the life times of them two onely and to ceasse by eyther of their deathes therefore Arthur had done nothing contrarie to any pact or promise made but according to the duetie of a Prince that tendred the weale of his subiects had prouided them one to succeede him of their owne
there was in the nexte fielde at the same time a husbandman with .ij. of his sonnes busie about his worke named Hay Hay with his two sonnes a man strong and stiffe in making and shape of bodie but endewed with a noble and valiant courage This Hay beholdyng the king with the moste parte of his Nobles fighting with greate valiauncie in the middle warde now destitute of the winges and in greate daunger to be oppressed by the great violence of his enimies caught a plough beame in his hande and with the same exhorting his sonnes to do the lyke hasted towardes the batayle there to die rather amongst other in defence of his countrey than to remayne alyue after the discomfiture in miserable thraldome and bondage of the cruell and moste vnmercyfull enimies There was neare to the place of the batayle a long fane fensed on the sides with ditches and walles made of turfe through the whiche the Scottes whiche fledde were beaten downe by the enimies on heapes Hay stayed the Scottes from running away Here Hay with his sonnes supposing they might best stay the flight placed themselues ouerthwarte the lane beate them backe whome they mette fleeyng and spared neyther friende nor foe but downe they went all suche as came within theyr reache wherwith diuers hardy personages cried to theyr fellowes to returne backe vnto the batayle for there was a newe power of Scottishmen come to theyr succours The Scottes were driuen to their battell againe by whose ayde the victorie might be easily obtayned of theyr moste cruell aduersaries the Danes therfore might they choose whether they woulde be slayne of theyr owne fellowes comming to their ayde or to returne againe to fight with the enimies The Danes beyng here stayed in the lane by the greate valiauncie of the father and the sonnes The Danes fledde towards theâ—â— fellowes in great disorder thought verily there had bene some great succours of Scottes come to the ayde of theyr kyng and therevpon ceassing from further pursuyte fledde backe in greate disorder vnto the other of theyr fellowes fighting with the middle warde of the Scottes The Scottes also that before were chased being encouraged herewith pursued the Danes vnto the place of the batayle right fiercely King Kenneth called vpoÌ„ his men to remeÌ„ber their dueties Wherevpon Kenneth perceyuing his people to be thus recomforted and his enimies partely abashed called vpon his men to remember theyr dueties and nowe sithe their aduersaries harts began as they might perceiue to faint he willed them to followe vpon them manfully which if they did he assured them that the victory vndoubtedly should be theyrs The Scots encouraged with the kings wordes layd about theÌ„ so earnestly The Danes forsake the fieldes that in the end the Danes were constreyned to forsake the fielde and the Scots egerly pursuyng in the chase made great slaughter of them as they fled This victory turned highly to the prayse of the Scottishe nobilitie the whiche fighting in the middle warde bare still the brunt of the batayle continuyng manfully therein euen to the ende But Hay who in such wise as is before mencioned stayed them that fled causing them to returne againe to the fielde deserued immortall fame and commendation for by his meanes chiefly was the victory atchieued The spoyle is diuided And therefore on the morrow after whan the spoyle of the field of the enimies caÌ„pe whiche they had left voyde should be deuided the chiefest part was bestowed on him and his twoo sonnes by coÌ„sent of all the multitude the residue being deuided amongst the souldiers and men of warre according to ancieÌ„t custome vsed amoÌ„gst this natioÌ„ The king hauing thus vaÌ„quished his enimies as he should enter into Bertha Hay refused costly garmeÌ„ts caused costly robes to be offered vnto Hay his sonnes that being richly clad they might be y e more honored of the people but Hay refusing to chaunge his apparell was coÌ„tented to go with the king in his olde garments whither it pleased him to appoint So entring with the king into Bertha The king came to Bertha he was receiued with litle lesse honor than the king himself all the people ruÌ„ning forth to behold him whom they heard to haue so valiaÌ„tly restored the battell wheÌ„ the field was in maner lost without hope of all recouerie At his entring into y e towne he bare on his shoulder the plough beame more honorable to him thaÌ„ any sworde or battell axe might haue bene to any y e most valiaÌ„t warriour Thus Hay being honored of all estates Hay is made one of the nobilitie within certaine dayes after at a councel holdeÌ„ at Scone it was ordeyned that both he and his posteritie should be accepted amoÌ„gst the nuÌ„ber of y e chiefest nobles peares of the realme being rewarded besides money other great giftes with lands and reuenewes He had reuenewes assigned to him such as he should choose sufficient for the maintenaunce of their estates It is sayde y t by counsell of his sonnes who knew the fruitfulnesse of the soyle he did aske so much ground in those parties where the riuer of Tay renneth by the towne of Arrole ouer agaynst Fyfe Hay his request as a Faulcone shoulde flie ouer at one flight Which request beyng freely graunted of the king the place was appoynted at Inschire for the Faulcone to be caste off The Faulcon measured Hay his landes out the whiche taking hir flight from thence neuer lighted til she came to a great stone neare to a village called Rosse not passing foure myles from Dundee By whiche meanes all that countrey whiche lieth betwixt Inschire aforesayde and the sayd stone being almost .vj. myles in length and foure in breadth fell vnto Hay and his sonnes the name of the stone also being called the Falcones stone to this day doth cause the thing better to be beleeued and welneare all the foresayd ground still continueth in the possession of the Hayes euen vnto this day Besides this to the further honoring of his name Hay had armes giuen him the king gaue him armes three scutcheÌ„s gules in a field of siluer a plough beame added therevnto which he vsed in stead of a battaile axe when he fought so valiantly in defence of his Countrey Thus had the Hayes their beginning of Nobilitie whose house hath atteyned vnto great estimation of honor and hath bene decorated with the office of the Constableship of Scotlande by the bounteous beneuolence of Kings that succeeded These things happened in the first yeare of King Kenneth In the residue of the time that he raigned though there chaunced no great businesse by forraine enimies yet by ciuill sedition the state of the realme was wonderfully disquieted Ciuill warres in Scotlande First a companie of Kernes of the westerne Iles inuading Rosse to the intent to haue fetched a bootie were met withall by the way and ouerthrowne by the inhabitants of
Ebbes head Saint Ebbes head The Scottes keepe off the Danes from landing Here Camus going about to lande his men was kept off by the stout resistāce of the Scots there assembled for the same intent Camus then plucking vp sayles directed his course vnto the Isle of Sketh where riding at an anker for the space of one moneth abiding for some prosperous winde at lēgth when the same came once about Camus with his army landeth at the Redbrayes he passed from thence vnto the Redbrayes called in latine Rubrum promontorium there landed his whole army before the countrey coulde be gathered to resist him Camus being once landed got him to the next hill and beholding the ruines of the towne of Monfros which a few yeares before had bene destroyed by the Danes hee reioyced not a litle for that his chaunce was to come a lande in the selfe same place where the Danes had earst vanquished their enimies hoping of like lucke in this his enterpryse and present expedition After this Camus marcheth through Angus he tooke his iourney through Angus sparing no maner of crueltie that might be deuised Cities Townes villages Churches with all maner of other buildings publike and priuate were consumed with fire The crueltie of the Danes ▪ At his coming to Brechyn for that the castel there in those dayes was of suche strength that it might not be hastely wone The towne church of Brechyn destroyed he caused the towne and churche being right fayre and sumptuously builde in honour of the trinitie to whom it was dedicate to be spoyled so rased to the earth that one stone was not left standing vpon an other With these and the semblable cruelties Camus raging both against God mā was finally aduertized that king Malcolme was come to Dundee with all the power of Scotland Then sodenly he tooke the next way towards the sea side cōming the day next following vnto a village called Basbrid where he pitched downe his tentes King Malcolme hasteth forewarde to fight with the Danes The same day king Malcolme making all hast possible to suce◅ur his subiects and preserue the countrey frō the cruel outrage of the Danes came to the towne of Barre twoo litle miles frō the place where his enimies were encamped In the mornyng he drew into the field in purpose to giue them bataile Malcolmes o◅ation But before he arrayed his batayles he called his nobles captains togither desiring them to consider how they should match in fight against people blinded with vile auarice liuing on the spoyle pillage got by theeuery not by any iust warres enimies not onely to the Christian faith but also vnto all innocēt people whom they sought vniustly to inuade without hauing occasiō so to do saue only vpon an iniurious meaning to liue by reif of other meanes goodes wherin they haue no maner of propertie ▪ He willed them therefore to remember how they were come thus against those enimies in defenes of theyr natiue countrey appointed vndoubtedly by God to reuenge the cruell iniuries done by the Danes against his name and people that professed the same They ought not then to measure force in number of souldiers but rather in manhood and valiancie of harte Camus likewise exhorted his people Camus exhorteth his Danes not vsing many woords but yet pithie desiring thē to remember how it behoued them either to winne immortall fame by victorie either els to die with miserie in an vncouth lande by the hand of their most fierce and cruell enimies Herewith Malcolme enbatayling his people brought them foorth strongly raunged in good order to encoūter the Danes which likewise approched towards him in good array of battell his harte was filled the more with hope of victorie for that he had tried sundry times before y e force of the enimies in diuers cōflicts encoūters The nature of valiaunt hartes and noble stomakes For such is the nature of noble valiāt stomakes the more experience they haue in honorable enterprises the more are they kindled in desire to shewe their prowes in famous actes worthy attēpts The armies herevpon on both sides fiercely rushing togither A bloudy batayle began the battell right cruell terrible continuyng certaine houres with suche bloudshed that the riuer of Lochtee ranne with a purple hue downe into the Almayne seas The fields also where they fought though they were full of sande as the nature of the soyle giueth yet were they made moyst by the aboundance of bloude spilled in the same Many there were so earnestly bent to be reuenged on the enimie that after they had their deaths wound they would runne thēselues foreward vpō the aduersaries weapō till they might close with him enforcing their vttermost powers to dispatch him also so that diuers were seene to fall to the ground togither fast grasping one another so immediatly both of them to die withall such brenning hatred kindled theyr harts that thus were they wholy set on reuenge Malcolme winneth the field At length yet the honor of y e field remayned w t Malcolme Camus perceiuing the discōfiture to light on his side with a smal cōpanie about him Camus's slaine thought to haue escaped by flight vnto y e next moūtains but being pursued of his enimies he was slayne by them ere he was got .ij. miles frō the place of the bataile The place where he was slayne is named after him vnto this day called Camestone An Obeliske where is an Obeliske set vp in memory of the thing with his picture grauen therein and likewise of those that slewe him The principal flear of Camus was one Keith The house of Keithes aduaunced to honour a yong gentelman of right hardy courage whose seruice in the batayle was very notable in recompence wherof he was rewarded by K. Malcolme with sundry lands and fayre possessions in Louthian His family saith Hector Boetius hath and doth continue in great honour amongst Scottishmē euen vnto this day and is decorated with the office of the Marshalship of Scotland to the high renowme and fame thereof amongst the chiefest peeres of the realme Danes slaine at Adirlemnon An other companie of the Danes fleing from this ouerthrow were slayne at Adirlemnon not past .iiij. miles from Brechyn where is set vp a great stone or Obeliske grauen with certayne characters or letters to aduertise them that passe that wayes forth of this slaughter of Danes there made by our worthy elders The residue of the Danes that escaped with life from the fielde hauing certaine Scottishmen to theyr guydes corrupted w t monie fled to theyr ships declaring to their fellowes what mishap had for◅med King Malcolme after he had obtayned this famous victorie as before is sayde at Barre The deuiding of the spoyle he caused the spoile of the field to be deuided amōgst his souldiers according to the lawes of
were vsed in those dayes he was highly rewarded at the kings handes and euer after named Skrimgeour Skrimgeour that is to meane an hardie fighter He had also his armes encreased with a rampaunt Lion holding a crooked sword as is to be seene in the armes of his posteritie vnto this day Other there be that say he got the surname of Skrimgeour bycause he slue an English man in a singular combate The principall of this surname in our time helde the Constableship of Dundee bearing in hys armes a crooked Sworde in fashion of an hooke After that king Alexander had appeased the intestine commotions thus within his Realme The Abbey of Scone he set in hande to repayre the Abbey of Scone wherein he placed regular Chanons dedicating the Church in the honour of the Trinitie and Saint Michael Not long after this also he chaunced to come into Saint Colmes Inche Saint Colmes ynche where he was constrayned to abide three dayes togither through violent rage of weather and tempestes and bycause he founde some reliefe of meate and drinke by meanes of an hermit that dwelled within the same Inche and kept a Chappell there dedicate to Saint Colme he made of that Chappell an Abbey of regular Chanons The Abbey of Saint Colm◅ ynch builded in the honor of saint Colme endowing it with sundrie landes and tents for the maintenance of the Abbot and conuent of that house He also gaue vnto the Church of Saint Androwes the landes called the Boarrinke Landes named the Boarrink so named for that a great Boare was slain vpon the sayde grounde that had done much hurt in the Countrey thereabout Boare tuskes The tuskes of this Boare doe hang in Chaynes vppon the stalles of the Quier in Saint Androwes Church afore the high aulter and are a .xvj. ynches in length and foure ynches in thicknesse Moreouer the Abbey of Dunfirmling was finished by king Alexāder The Abbey of Dunfirmling and endowed with sundrie landes and possessions Whilest king Alexander was thus occupied in buylding and repayring of religious houses Dauid brother to king Alexander his brother Dauid liued in Englande with hys sister Queene Maulde and through fauor which the king hir husbande bare towardes him he obteyned in maryage one Maulde Woldosius Earle of Northumberland Huntingtō daughter vnto Woldosius or rather Waltheof Earle of Huntington and Northumberland begot of his wife the ladie Iudith that was neece vnto king William y e Conquerour for y t the sayd Woldosius or Waltheof had no other issue to inherite his lands Dauid in right of his wife Mauld enioyed the same The landes of Huntington and Northumberland annexed to the crowne of Scotland and was made Earle of Huntington Northumberland had issue by his wife a sonne named Henrie by whom the lands of Huntington some part of Northūberland were annexed vnto the crown of Scotlād as after shal appeare Mauld the daughter of king Henrie Beauclerke was maried vnto Henrie the Emperor the fourth of that name William Richard Eufeme the residue of y e issue which the same Henry had by his wife surnamed for hir singular bounteousnesse the good Queene Matilde in comming forth of France to repasse into England perished in the sea by a tempest to the great dolour of the king their father and to all other his subiects of eche estate and degree The death of king Alexander Their mother the sayde Maulde was before that time departed out of this life It was not long after but that Alexander deceassed also and was buryed in Dunfermling bysydes hys fathers sepulture in the .xvij. yeare of his raigne complete and from the incarnation of Christ 1125. 1124. H.B. yeares In the dayes of this king Alexander the kynred of the Cummings The beginning of the Cummings had their beginning by one Iohn Cumming a man of great prowes and valiancie obteyning of the king in respect thereof certaine small portions of landes in Scotlande The house of these Cummings rose in proces of time thus from a small beginning to highe honour and puissance by reason of the great possessions and ample reuenues which they afterwardes atteyned At length as often happeneth the importable height of this lynage was the onely cause of the decay and finall ruine thereof as in the sequell of this Hystorie ye may at full perceyue Knightes of the Rodes Also in the dayes of king Alexander the order of knights of the Rodes had their beginning and likewise the order of white Monkes White Monks the authour whereof was one Nodobert Richard de sancto Victore About the same time liued that holye man Richard de Sancto Victore a Scottish man borne but dwelling for the more part of his time at Paris in Fraunce where he dyed and was buryed within the Cloyster of the Abbey of Saint Victor being a brother of the same house This Dauid according to the ensample of his noble Parents set his whole care about the due ministring of Iustice to the honour of almightie God and the weale of his realme He had no trouble by warres with any forraine enimies so long as king Henrie Beauclerke liued Therefore hauing oportunitie of such a quiet time he rode about all the parties of his realme and vsed to sit in hearing of iudgement himselfe specially cōcerning poore mens causes and matters The care of king Dauid for the poore but the controuersies of the Lordes and barrons he referred to the hearing of other Iudges If he vnderstoode that any man were endomaged by any wrongful iudgement he recōpensed the partie wronged A rightuous iudge according to the value of his losse hinderance with the goods of the iudge that pronounced the iudgement Thus in the first yeares of his raigne hee did many things to the aduauncement of the common welth Banketting cheare banished and banished such banketting cheare as was vsed amongst his people after the ensample of the Englishe men perceyuing the same to breede a great weakning and decay of the auncient stoutnesse of stomacke that was wont to remaine in the Scottish nation He buylded the number of .xv. Abbeyes King Dauid built .xv. Abbeyes part of them in the beginning of his raigne before the warres were begon which he had with the Englishe men and part after the same warres were ended The names of those Abbeyes are as followeth Holy Roode house Kelso Iedburgh The names of the Abbeys buylded by king Dauid Melrosse Newbottell Holmecultrane Dundranane Cambuskenneth Kynlois Dunfirmling Holme in Cumberland also two Nunries the one at Carleil the other at north Barwike with two Abbays beside Newcastel y e one of S. Benedicts order and the other of white Monks He erected also foure Bishoprikes within his Realme Rosse Brechin Dunkeld Foure Bishops seas erected in Scotland and Dublane endowing them with riche rentes fayre landes and sundrie
hundred light horsemen after the maner of Fraunce one thousand footemē was come to the Queene busie nowe to further this enterprise She had got togither within Leith hauē all the boates that belōged to al the creekes and hauens of the Fourth The diligēce of the Scottish Queene so that on thursday after Trinitie sonday euery thing beyng prepared ready for the purpose in the mornyng by the breake of day the Queene was come to Leith to see the enbarquing of the men of warre appoynted that day to trie what successe fortune would sende them There was no diligence wanting The forwardnesse of the souldiers neither among the Scottes nor Frenchmen to bestowe themselfes aborde the cōfortable wordes of y e Queene greatly encouraged thē thereto beholding them deuising with Mōsieur de Desse the other capitaynes til they were al set forward Villegaignon with his galleys passed on before to keepe the Englishmē occupied so as they should not perceyue the Frenchmens meaning Inskith assalled by the Frenchmen but they discouering the vessels at their settyng foorth conceyued streightwayes what was intended thervpon prepared to keepe the enimies off from landing so that vpon the Frenchmens approche they saluted them with arrowes and Harquebuzeshot very hotely at lēgth yet by fine force the Scots and Frenchmen got a land and droue the Englishmen and Italians backe frō the sea stronde vp to the higher grounde where they stoode at defense on a plompe togither doyng their best to defende the place agaynst the assaylantes Capitayne Cotton generall of Inskith and others slayne but finally their generall named Cotton being slaine with George Applebie Esquyer a Capitayne of an enseigne of footemen sent forth of Derbyshire one Gaspar Pizoni that was capitaine of the Italians beside diuers other gentlemen and the most principall men of warre and souldiers among them the residue were cōstreyned to retyre vnto a corner or point of the Ilande where they were taken without further resistāce although before they had made right stoute defense hurte slayne diuers Scots Frenchmen both at their landyng also after they were entred on lande Monsieur la Chappelle hurte Among other Mōsieur de la chapelle de Biron was strikē through the hand with an harquebuzeshot and his burguenet beaten so into his head that his frendes that were about him were fayne to conuey him into one of the Galleys to be dressed of his hurtes by a Chirurgian Also a Gentleman named Desbories whiche bare the sayde Monsieur de la Chapelle his Coronell enseigne was slayne with a pike by the hands of the forenamed Cotton the English generall Thus was Inskith recouered out of the Englishmens hands Insketh recouered out by the Frenchmē after it had bene in their possession by the space of .xvj. dayes the more to the highe contentation of Monsieur de Desse for that the same time he stoode vpon his discharge and returne into Fraunce beyng appoynted to surrender vp his place to Mōsieur de Thermes lately before arriued as ye haue heard with cōmission to receiue the same Monsieur de Des◅e returned into Fraunce So that Monsieur de Desse to ende his charge with the glory of this atchieued enterpryse esteemed it muche to stande with his honour Shortly after he returned into Fraunce with the Galleys Monsieur de Thermes succeedeth in his place and Monsieur de Thermes succeeded in his place for the generall conduct of the French army in Scotland Who by the aduise of the gouernour and other of the Scottish lords determined with a siege volant to keepe the Englishmen in Hadington from vitayles and all other reliefe First therefore after that Desse was departed towardes Fraunce Monsieur de Thermes with his Frenchmē and some Scots encamped at Abirladie ◅re buylte Aberlady where they beganne the fundation of a forte so to impeach the Englishmen from setting a lande any victuals there to be conueyed from thence to Hadington as before they had done In this meane tyme the Englishmen had increased theyr nūbers of Almaignes and other straungers and not onely furnished their fortes with new supplies of men but also had an army in the fieldes whiche lay most an ende at Dunglas and one while besieged Hume castell but after they sawe themselues disappoynted of the meane wherby they supposed to haue recouered it they reysed from thence and spoyled the most parte of Tiuidale and other the Marches thereabout in reuenge as they alledged of the disloyaltie and breache of promise proued in the assured Scottes Generall of this army was the Erle of Rutland Erle of Rutland Lieutenant at that present of the North partes a noble man right valiaunt wise well aduised and stayed in his dealings very honorable courteous in al his demeanor He was accompanied with Capitaynes of good estimatiō and approued prowes as sir Richard Maners sir Frauncis Leake sir Iohn Sanage sir Thomas Holcroft sir Oswald Wulstroppe and others He so behaued himselfe in that daungerous time of the vprores and rebellious commotions of the commōs through the more parte of the realme of Englande that although the appoynted forces agaynst Scotlande were stayed and turned to the suppression of the rebelles to the encouragement no doubte bothe of Scottes and Frenchmen in Scotland yet they were so fronted and kept in awe by that army vnder the sayde Erle of Ruthland that they rather lost than gayned in this season at the Englishmens handes At one tyme the same army vnder the conduct of the sayde Erle passing forth with a conuoy of vitayles vnto Hadington came so suddenly vpon the Frenchmen where they lay in campe that whether through defaulte of theyr skowtes or other negligence vsed by them or through the great diligence and prouident forewardnesse shewed by the Englishmē The Frenchmen in danger to haue bene distressed the Frēch men were in suche hazarde to haue bene vtterly distressed that if the Englishmen had not doubted more than by many was thought needefull they might haue ouerthrowen taken and slaine the Frenchmen as was supposed at theyr pleasure But the Englishmen at theyr first comming in sight of them as it stoode with the reason of warre sith by aduenturyng rashly oftentimes in such cases to late repentance easily ensueth stayed the better to cōceyue of that which they had to do whereby the Frenchmenne had leasure to marche their wayes a mayne pace till they were got out of daunger for after they ones beheld the troupes of the English horsemē almost at their elbowes and herewith the battayle of the Almaignes suddenly appearyng on the hill toppe ready to come downe vpon them The Frenchmen retire it was no neede to bidde them packe away The Scottes light horsemen commyng on the backe of the English army perceyued where the Almaignes to make them ready to giue batayle had throwen of their clokes and lefte the same with all
a freÌ„ch Captaine 477.11 fortifieth Iedvvorth in Scotlande 477.13 besiegeth the Castell of Fernihurst and taketh it 477.30 taketh the Castell of Cornevvall 477.64 maketh a roade into Englande 477.86 is forced by the Englishmenne to flee from Iedvvorth 477.114 Diana Goddesse of Huntyng 12. 96 Didius looke Aulus Didius Dinnune Castell 463.6 Diocletianus Emperour 77.52 Dionethus sonne to Octauius sometime King of Britaine feared 100.53 Dionethus ioyneth vvyth the Scottes and Pictes agaynste the Romanes 100.86 Dionethus proclaymed Kyng of Britayne 101.2 Dionethus escapeth into VVales 102. 20 Dionethus reputed second person of the Realme of Brytayne 102. 76 Dion Cassius cited 32.46 Dirtin rayde or durtie roade 375. 80 Discommodities of ciuill dissention 222.84 Disagreemente among VVriters of the place vvhere S. Colme dyed 142.1 Disagreemente of VVriters concerning the Martirs of the I le of May. 188.39 Disorder of King Edvvardes army agaynste Kyng Roberte 315. 81 Disorder in Scotlande during the minoritie of Iames the fifthe 423. 73 Dissention betvveene the Scottes and Irishmen 4.101 Dissention betvveene King Iohn of England and the Pope 281.32 Dissention betvveene King Iohn of EnglaÌ„d and hys Barons 282.3 Dissention betvveene King Henry the third of England and hys Nobles 285.114 Dissention betvveene the Earles of Angus and Arrane 430.13 Dissention betvveene the Earle of Angus and the Lord of Fernihurst 430.65 Dissention and the cause thereof betvveene King Roberte and George Erle of March 366.90 DissentioÌ„ betvveene the inhabitaÌ„ts of Angus Mernes 217.67 Disobedience in the Scottish nobilitie punished 304.25 Discommodities vvhich insue the Princes minoritie 11.15 Diuers opinions for the imprisoning of the Earle of Angus and the Lord Maxvvell 460.114 Diuers heads diuers opinioÌ„s 8.57 Diuels den or blacke den 1â—…0 58 Donalus gouernour of Brigantia conspireth agaynste Nothatus 14. 32 Donalus army put to flight tvvice in one day 15.28 Donalus slayne in fight 15.46 Donald dyeth 73.29 Donall brother to Finnanus 25.60 Donald made King of Scots 71.1 Donald conuerted to the Christian faith 72.103 Donald firste caused gold and syluer to be coyned in Scotlande 73. 18 Donalde a Gentleman of the Iles rebelleth 76.55 Donalde of the Iles is drovvned 76. 74 Donalde sonne of Donalde of the Iles rebelleth 77.2 Donalde offereth to yeelde hymselfe vpon certayne conditions 77. 16 Donaldes deuice to murther King Findocke 77.24 Donalde third sonne to Athirco chosen King 77.90 Donald of the Iles inuadeth Scotland 78.1 Donalde of the Iles assayleth the Kings camp 78.18 Donalde the King and hys armye vanquished 78.34 Donald the Kyng dyeth 78.39 Donalde of the Iles taketh vppon him to be King 78.44 Donalde of the Iles beloued of fevve 78.76 Donalde of the Iles murthered 78. 78 Donalde of the Iles kinsfolke put to death 79.46 Donald gouernour of Atholl conspireth to murther Conran the King 131.53 Donalde of the Iles maynteyneth robbers and spoylers 155.57 Donalde of the Iles and his complaces apprehended and put to death 155.100 Donald brother to Kenneth chosen King of Scotland 182.55 Donald liueth in all dissolutenesse 182. 63 Donalde putteth Osbert Kyng of NorthumberlaÌ„d and his people to flight 183 Donalde and his nobilitie taken 184. 3 Donalde and his noble men restored to libertie 185.96 Donalde committed to prison 186. 58 Donald flayeth hymselfe 186.60 Donalde the first created King of Scotland 199.63 Donalde sendeth ayde to the Englishmenne againste the Danes 200. 5 Donald appeaseth a commotion in Murrey lande 200.40 Donald dyeth 200.52 Donalde of the Iles discomfited vvith his armye by Edvvarde Bruce 313.113 Donalde of the Iles rebelleth againste the Gouernour of Scotland 373.4 Donald of the Iles subdueth Ros. 373. 6 Donald of the Iles submitteth himselfe 373.53 Donald Lord of the Iles rebelleth vvyth the Dovvglasses 394.40 Dongard created King of Scottes 109. 99 Dongardes diligence in peace to prouide for vvarres 110.3 Dongardes bounteous liberalitie tovvardes the Churchemenne 110. 20 Dongard flayne 111.18 Dongall a noble man of Gallovvay 111.83 Dongall sonne to Dongarde proclaymed King of Scottes 112.21 Dongals policie in gouerning hys Realme 112.32 Dongall inuested Kyng of Scotland 167.91 Dongall apprehendeth the Rebelles that vvere vp agaynste hym and executeth them 168. line 40 Dongall causeth open vvarre againste the Pictes 169.79 Dongall drovvned in the riuer of Spey 169.98 Donvvald inuested King of Scotland 146.33 Donvvalde maketh meanes that Eufrede is restored to hys fathers kingdome 146.66 Donvvald drovvned 147.3 Donvvald Lieutenant of the Castell of Fores. 207.11 Donvvalde conceyueth vnquencheable hatred agaynste Duffe 207. 87 Donvvaldes deepe dissimulation coÌ„cerning Duffes murther 208. line 89 Donvvaldes giltie conscience enforceth hym to flee 209.50 Donvvald taken prisoner 209.95 Donvvald vvith hys confederates executed 210 Doruadille King of Scottes 13.19 Doruadille makes a league vvyth the Britaynes 13 2â—… Doruadille confirmeth the auntiente alliance vvyth the Pictes 13. 26 Doruadille set all his delite in huÌ„ting 13.29 Doruadille establisheth nevve lavves 13.68 Doruadille dyeth 14.16 Dovvglas Iames fleeth to kyng Robert to ayde hym 313.16 Dovvglasses vvhat caused them to rise to great honor 313.37 Dovvglas Iames chosen to goe vvith king Roberts heart to Ierusalem 329.99 Dovvglasses vvhy they beare the bloudye hearte in theyr armes 329. 104 Dovvglas Iames serueth in Aragon againste the Sarazens 330. line 20 Dovvglas Iames slaine by the Sarazens 330. â—…9 Dovvglas Archembalde chosen gouernour in place of Andrevv Murray 337.6 Dovvglas VVilliam knight ransomed out of England 342.54 Dovvglas VVilliam slayeth â—…re hundred Englishmen at Edenburgh 346. â—…5 Dovvglas VVilliam created Erle Dovvglas 350. â—â— Dovvglas VVilliam knight flain 352. 37 Dovvglas Archembald taken prisoner by the Englishmen escapeth vvyth a small raunsome 354. 7 Dovvglasses hovve they come to the Earledome of Murrey 356. line 66 Dovvglas Iames Earle of Dovvglas entreth Northumberlande vvith an army 360. â—…9 Dovvglas VVilliaÌ„ marrieth Giles daughter to K. Roberte 361.37 Dovvglas VVilliam passeth ouer into Irelande vvith a povver 361. 66 Dovvglas VVilliam chosen Admirall of a nauie to goe againste the people in the Northeast partes 365.38 Dovvglas VVilliam slayne 365. line 5â—… Dovvglas Archimbalde Earle Dovvglas dyeth 367.45 Dovvglas the grimme 367 5â—… Dovvglas Archimbalde Earle Dovvglas inuadeth Englande vvith an army 369.14 Dovvglas Archimbald taken prisoner and hys armye slayne at Homildon by the Englishmen 369. 48 Dovvglas Archimbalde aideth the Percies at Shrevvsburie fielde 370. 11 Dovvglas Archimbalde taken prisoner at Shrevvsburie field 370. 29 Dovvglas Archimbald releassed returneth into Scotlande 372. line 97 Dovvglas Archimbalde Earle Dovvglas imprisoned and set at libertie 380.3 Dovvglas VVilliam Erle of Angus ouerthrovveth Henry Percie and his armie at Piperden 383. 58 Dovvglas Archimbalde Earle of Dovvglas dyeth 386.68 Dovvglas VVilliam yong Earle Dovvglas made Duke of Touraine 386.105 Dovvglas VVilliam Earle of Dovvglas beheaded 387.53 Dovvglas Iames baron of Abircorne dieth 387.59 Dovvglas Hugh Erle of Ormond general of an armie agaynst the Englishmen 389.64 Dovvglas Hugh ouerthrovveth the Englishmen and taketh many prisoners 390.58 Dovvglas VVilliam Earle of Dovvglas vvith many other nobles of
kings came againe togither about a new treatie of peace betwixt Bonsemblance and Sukenny where the French king offred king Henrie to restore to him all that he had taken by hys last warres if hys syster Alyce might be ioyned in maryage with Richarde Earle of Poictou nowe eldest sonne in lyfe to king Henrie and that all king Henries subiectes might do homage and sweare feaultie to the same Richarde But king Henrie hauing in memorie the iniuries done to him by his sonne Henry after such his aduauncement to kingly degree he woulde not graunt the French kings request herein Wherevpon a further mischiefe happened for his sonne Earle Richarde taking displeasure that his father shoulde denie him that honour Earle Richard ◅euolteth frō his father to ◅erue the French king whiche made altogyther for his more assuraunce to succeede him as king fell from his sayde father manifestly and became the Frenche kings man doing homage to hym also without consent of king Henrie for all those lands that belonged to his sayd father on that further side the sea The French king for his homage and fealtie gaue vnto him Chateau Raoull and Ysoldun with al the honor thereto belonging There be that write that the chiefest cause that moued king Henrie to refuse to ioyne his son erle Richard the ladie Alice Polidor daughter to the French king in mariage togither was bycause he was linked in the combersome chayne of hote burning loue with the same Ladie and therfore he sought all the shiftes of excuses and delayes that might be imagined so that it appeared he had no minde to depart with hir The truth was as writers affyrme he had alredie perswaded hir to satisfie his lust insomuch that hee liked hir so well that hee ment to be deuorsed from his wife Queene Elenor to marry this yong ladie which if he might bring to passe and haue children by hir he purposed to disinherite those which he had by Elenor to make the other which he should haue by Adela his legitimate and lawfull heyres Yet before they departed from this communication Rog. Houed a truce was taken to endure till the feast of S. Hillarie And Henry Bishop of Alba a Cardinal that was sent from the Pope to ende this controuersie betwixt these two mightie Princes accursed Rychard Erle of Poictou for that by his meanes the troubles rose and were continued betwixt them The towne of Beuerlay Beuerley burnt with the Church of Saint Iohn the Archbishop was in maner wholy consumed with fire on the .xx. of September Also the same yeare dyed William of Sempringham William de Sempringham deceasseth the Author and first founder of the religious order of Sempringham Moreouer Gilbert de Ogerstan a knight Templer put in trust by king Henry with others to gather the tenthes towardes the reliefe of the holy land Gilbert de Ogerstan was proued to vse falsehood in the receipt and so was deliuered vnto the master of the Temple at London to bee punished according to the statutes of his order Also this yeare in the vigill of S. Laurence A straunge apperance in the ayre there was seene at Dunstable by diuerse persons a figure of the Crosse very long large in the ayre with the shape of a crucifixe theron and streames of bloud to their sight seemed to runne out of the woundes of the feete handes and sides And this straunge appearance continued in sight from noone till almost night King Henrie helde his Christmasse at Saumur in Aniou An. Reg. 35. 1189 but many of his Earles and Barons were gone from him and tooke part with the French king and with his sonne Richard Erle of Poictou Then after the day was once come in which the truce expired the Britains which had a charter of couenants of the French king Erle Richard that if they concluded any peace with king Henrie the Brytaynes should de partakers in the same enter into the confines of those countreys which still continued their due obedience towards King Henrie spoyling and wasting the same on eche syde with barbarous crueltie At which time also there was a Legate came from the Pope named Iohn de Anagnia A Legate who assayed both by courteous meanes and also by threates and menacinges to reduce the partyes vnto peace and concorde Insomuche that by hys procurement they mette this yeare after Easter neare vnto Fiert Bernarde twise wythin a fewe dayes togither to trie if by talke they might sorte to some reasonable conditions of agreement The last tyme of those theyr meetings was in the Whitsunweeke Mat. Par. at what tyme the French king requyred not onely to haue his sister Alice delyuered vnto Earle Richarde for wyfe according to the former couenaunts but also some assuraunce gyuen vnto the same Earle Richarde that he shoulde enherite his fathers landes after his decesse And also he requyred that Erle Iohn might take vpon him the Crosse to passe ouer into the holy lande also for otherwise Earle Richard woulde not goe Howbeit King Henrye woulde in no wise consent to anye of these demaundes Rog. Houed but yet as some write hee offred thus much vnto King Philip that if he coulde bee so contented his sonne Iohn shoulde marry his sister Alyce and enioy with hir all suche thinges as hee demaunded in preferment of hys sonne Richarde and that in more large maner than hee had requested the same But King Philip would none of that Thus howsoeuer it was whilest the one demaunded that which the other thought no reason to graunt they departed withoute concluding any agreement so that King Philip hauing gotte by thys meanes a good occasion to further his enterpryses King Philip h◅rrieth the Countrey of Mayne with all hys whole puissaunce entred into Mayne where hee destroyed a greate part of that Countrey and approched to the Citie of Mauns where Kyng Henrie as then laye in purpose to besiege it But King Henrye beeyng warned of his comming set the Suburbes on fyre bycause hys enimyes should haue no succour in them Howe be it the flame of the fyre was by force of the winde dryuen so directly into the Citie that what with heate and assault of the enimie the King beeing withoute any store of Souldiers to defende it longer was constrayned to forsake it Heerewyth hee was so amooued that in departing from the Citie he sayde these wordes of his Sonne Rycharde to himselfe The worde◅ king Henry ◅ his displea◅ towards Earle Richarde Sith thou hast taken from mee thys daye the thing that I most loued in this Worlde I shall acquite thee for after this daye I shall depriue thee of that thing which in me shoulde most please thee that is to meane mine heart Being thus dryuen to leaue the defaced Citie of Mauns he repayred vnto Chiuon Maunsyel◅ to the French king VVil. Par◅ and the Citizens of Mauns beeing lefte destitute of ayde yeelded
of the whole Realme and require some redresse and easement therein Moreouer it chanced that there was a great number of Lordes Knightes and Gentlemen assembled togither at Dunstable and Luyfon â—…stes and â—…ey apâ—…ted and â—…e Kings â—…maundeâ—… disapâ—…ted to haue kepte a martiall Iustes and triumphant Torney but they had a countercommaundemente from the Kyng not to goe forwarde with the same whervpon when they were disappoynted of their purpose heerein Vpon occasion of their being altogither on the morrowe after the feast of Peter and Paule they sent from them Foulke Fitz Wareine â—…ke Fitz â—…ein comâ—…deth the â—…es Nuncio â—…oy de the â—…me to declare vnto master Martine the Popes Nuncio as then lodging at the Temple in London in name as it were of all the whole body of the Realme that he shoulde immediately departe out of the lande Foulke doing the message somewhat after a rough manner master Martine asked him what hee was that gaue foorth the saide commaundement or whether hee spake it of himselfe or from some other This coÌ„maundement saith Foulke is sente to thee from all those Knightes and men of armes whiche lately were assembled togyther at Dunstable and Luyton Master Martin hearing this got him to the Court and declaring to the king what message hee had receyued required to vnderstand whether he was priuy to the master or that his people tooke vpon them so rashly without his authoritie or no. 〈◊〉 Kings â—…wers vnto Popes â—…cio To whome the King aunswered that he had not giuen them any authoritie so to commaunde him out of the Realm but indeede saith he my Barons do vnneth forbeare to rise against me bycause I haue mainteyned and suffered thy pilling and iniurious polling within this my Realme and I haue had much adoe to stay theÌ„ from running vpoÌ„ thee to pull thee in peeces Master Martin hearing these words with a fearefull voice besoughte the K. that hee mighte for the loue of God and reuerence of the Pope haue free passadge out of the Realme to whome the King in greate displeasure aunswered â—…t Paris â—… VVest the Deuill that brought thee in carrie thee out euen to the pitte of hell for me At length yet when those that were about the kyng had pacified hym hee appoynted one of the Marischals of hys house cleped Roberte Northe or Nores to conduct him to the Sea syde The Popes Nuncio sent out of the Realme and so he did but not withoute greate feare sithence hee was afrayde of euery bushe least men shoulde haue risen vpon him and murthered him Wherevpon when he came to the Pope hee made a greeuous complaynte both againste the King and other The Church of Saint Peter at Westminster was enlarged and newly repaired by the Kyng Saint Peters Churche at Westminster specially all the East parte of it the olde walles beeing pulled downe and buylded vp in more comely forme The generall councell according to the summonance giuen was holden this yeare at Lyons where it began about Midsomer in y e which the English Ambassadors being arriued The English Ambassadors come to the Counsell presented to the Pope their letters directed froÌ„ y e whole body of y e Realm of EnglaÌ„d requiring a redresse in suche things wherewith as by the same letters it appeared the Realm fouÌ„d it selfe sore annoyed The Pope promised to take aduice therein but sith the matter was weighty it required respite Finally when they were earnest in requiring a determinate aunswere it was giuen them to vndestande that they should not obteyne their desires whervpon in great displeasure they came away threatning and binding their wordes with othes The Englishe Ambassadors threaten the Pope that hee should not haue any tribute out of Englande that from thencefoorthe they woulde neuer pay nor suffer to bee payde anye tribute to the Court of Rome nor permit the reuenewes of those Churches whereof they were patrones to be pulled away by any prouision of the same Court The Pope hearing of these things passed them ouer patiently but hee procured the English Bishops to set their Seales vnto that Charter whiche King Iohn had made concerning the tribute against the minde of the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury Stephen Langton who at that time when King Iohn should seale it spake sore against it When King Henry was enformed hereof he was greeuously offended and sware in a greate chafe that although the Bishops hadde done otherwise than they ought yet woulde hee stand in defence of the liberties of his Realm and would not so long as he had a day to liue day any duetie to the Court of Rome vnder the name of tribute In this meane while the Kyng with a puissante army inuaded the Welch Rebels Mat. Paris to reduce them to some quiet whereas with theyr continuall incursions and other exploytes they had sore hatried vexed and wasted the landes of the Kings subiectes Heerevpon the King being entred the Countrey inuaded the same The King inuadeth Wales He buildeth a Castell at Gannocke vnto the confynes of Snowdon and there he began to builde a stroÌ„g Castell at a place called Gannocke remayning there about the space of tenne weekes during the which the army suffered greate misery through want of vittayles and other prouisions namely apparrell and other helpes to defende themselues from colde which sore afflicted the souldiers and men of warre bycause they lay in the fielde and Winter as then began to approche Moreouer they were driuen to keepe watch and warde very strongly for doubt to bee surprised by suddayne assaultes of the enimies the which watched vpon occasion euer to doe some mischiefe The decesse of the Countesse of Oxford and of the Earle of Deuonshire The morrowe after the Purification of oure Lady Isabell de Boteber Countesse of Oxforde departed this life and likewise the morrowe after Saint Valentines day dyed Baldwine de Riuers Earle of Deuoushire and of the Wight Geffrey de Marche deceasseth Moreouer Geffrey de Marish a man sometime of great honor and possessions in Irelande after hee had remayned long in exile and suffered great miserie he ended the same by natural death The decesse of Raymond Erle ProuaÌ„ce Also Raymond Earle of Prouance rather to the Queenes of Englande and Fraunce decessed this yeare for whome was kepte in Englande a most solemne obsequie The deceasse of the Lorde Humfreuille Also in the weeke after Palme Sunday dyed a right noble Baron and Warden of the North partes of England the Lorde Gilberte Humfreuille leauing behind him a yong sonne the custody of whome the King forthwith committed to the Earle of Leicester not withoute the indignation of the Earle of Cornewall who desired the same An. Reg. 30. Finally after that the Kyng had lâ—…n at Gannocke aboute the fortifying of the Castell there the space of tenne weekes and sawe the worke now fully finished hee appoynted foorthe suche as should lie there
twelue pens and those that were valued to bee worth in goodes twentie poundes and vpwards payd also after the rate of lands y t is twelue pēce for euery pounde The Frenchemen demaūd of the Isle of Wight The Frenchmen aboute the same time came before the Isle of Wighte with a greate nauie and sent certaine of theyr men to the shore to demaunde in name of King Richarde and of hys wife Queene Isabell a tribute or a speciall subsedie in money of the inhabitantes of that I le who aunswered that King Richard was dead and Queene Isabell sometime his wife The answere ◅f the Ilande ◅es hadde bin sent home to hir parents and countrey without condition of any dower or tribute wherfore they aunswered reasonable that none they woulde giue but if the Frenchmen hadde desire to fighte they willed them to come on land and there shoulde bee none to resist them and after they were a lande they promised to giue them respite for sixe houres space to refreshe themselues and that tyme beeyng once expired they should not fayle to haue battell When the Frenchmen hearde of this stoute aunswere made by the Ilandmen they had no lust to approch neerer to the lande but returned without further attempt About this season the Duke of Orleaunce brother to the Frenche Kyng a man of no lesse pride than hawtinesse of courage The duke of Orleance his chalenge wrote lettres to Kyng Henry aduertising him that for the loue he bare to the noble feates of Cheualrie hee coulde imagine nothyng eyther more honorable or commendable to them both than to meete in the fielde eache parte with an honored Knyghtes and Esquiers all beeyng Gearlemenne bothe of name and armes armed at all poyntes and furnished with Spears axes swordes and daggers and there to fyghte and combate to the yeeldyng and euery person to whome God shoulde sende victorie to haue hys prisoner and hym to raunsome at hys pleasure offeryng hymselfe with hys companye to come to hys Citie of Angulesme so that the Kyng woulde come to the laundes of Burdeaux and there defende this chalenge The Kyng of Englande grauely aunswered heerevnto The answere of king Henrye that hee maruelled why the Duke vnder couloure of doyng deedes of armes for a vayne glory woulde nowe seeke to breake the peace betwixte the Realmes of Englande and Fraunce hee beeyng sworne to mayneteyne the same peace sithe hee myghte further vnderstande that no Kyng annoynted of verie duetie was bounde to aunswere any chalenge but to his peere of equall state and dignitie and further declared that when oportunitie serued hee woulde passe the Sea and come into hys Countrey of Gascoigne with suche companie as hee thoughte con◅eniente and then myghte the Duke sette forwarde with hys bande for the accomplishing of hys couragious desire promising hym in the word of a Prince not thence to depart til the Duke eyther by fulfulling his owne desyre in manner aforesayde or by singular combate betweene them two onely for auoyding of more effusion of Christian bloud shoulde thynke hymselfe fully satisfyed To this and muche more conteyned in the Kynges aunswere the Duke replied and the Kyng agayne reioyned not withoute tauntes and checkes vnfitting for theyr estates The Duke of Orleaunce offended hyghly as hee myghte seeme agaynste the Kyng of Englande The duke of Orl◅ance besiegeth Vergi in Guyenne with an armye of sixe thousande menne entred into Guyenne and besieged the Towne of Vergy whereof was Capitaine Sir Roberte Antelfielde a right hardye and valiante Knyghte hauyng with hym onely three hundred Englishmenne whyche defended the fortresse so manfully that the Duke after hee hadde layne there three monethes and lost many of his men without honor or spoyle returned into Fraunce After this the Admirall of Britaine highly encouraged for that the last yeare he had taken certaine English Shippes laden with wines acompanyed with the Lord du Chastel a valiant Baron of Britaine and twelue hundred men of armes sayled forth with thirtie Shippes from Saint Malos and came before the Towne of Dartemouth and woulde haue landed but by the puissance of the Townesmen and ayde of the countrey they were repulsed in the whiche conflict The Lord du Chastel slaine the Lorde du Chastel and two of his breethren with foure hundred other were slayne and aboue two hundred taken prisoners and put to their raunsomes amongst whome the Lorde of Baqueuille the Marshall of Britaine was one Owen Glendouer wasted the English marches All this Sommer Owen Glendouer and his adherents robbed brent and destroyed the Coūtreys adioyning neere to the places where hee haunted and one while by sleight and guilefull policie an other while by open force he tooke and slew many Englishmen brake downe certaine Castels which hee wanne and some he fortified and kept for his owne defence Iohn Trenor Byshop of Assaph considering with himself how things prospered vnder the hāds of this Owen fledde to him and tooke his parte againste the King About the same tyme the Britaines and the Flemings tooke certayne Shippes of ours laden with merchandice Crueltie of the Britaines and Flemings and slewe all the Marriners or else hanged them The Countes of Oxforde Also the olde Countesse of Oxford mother to Robert Vere late Duke of Ireland that dyed at Louaine caused certain of hir seruaunts and other suche as she durst trust to publish and brute abrode K. Rich. once againe aliue through all the parties of Essex that Kyng Richarde was aliue and that hee woulde shortlye come to lighte and clayme hys former estate honor and dignitie She procured a greate number of Hartes to be made of siluer and golde suche as King Richarde was wonte to giue vnto his Knightes Esquiers friendes to weare as cognisances to the ende that in bestowing them in King Richardes name shee might the sooner allure men to further hir lewde practises and where the fame wente abroade that King Richarde was in Scotlande with a great power of Frenchmen and Scottes readie to come to recouer his Realme many gaue the more lightly credite vnto this brute thus sette forth by the said Countesse Serlo one of K. Richardes chamber The perswasions also of one Serlo that in times past was one of king Richards chamber greatly encreased this error for the same Serlo hearing in Fraunce whither he was fledde that his master King Richarde was in Scotland aliue conueyed himselfe thither to vnderstand the troth of that matter and finding there one indeede that greatly resembled him in all liniaments of body but yet was not the man himselfe as he well perceyued vppon malice that hee bare to King Henry aduertised by letters sente vnto diuers of King Richards friendes that hee was aliue indeede and shortly woulde come to shew himselfe openly to the world when he had once made his way ready to recouer his Kingdome to the confusion of his enimies and comfort of his friends These forged
garnisons within the townes that were alreadie in the king of Englandes possession insomuche that as some haue written within the octaues of the Assumption three notable victories chaunced to the Englishmen in three seuerall places first an hundred Englishmen at Kylbuef tooke three great Lordes of the Frenchmen The great â—…ies on â—…e English â—…de with in a 〈◊〉 time â—…ogether besydes fourtscore other persones and put three hundred to flight Also vpon the Thursday within the fame octaues foure hundred Frenchmen that were entred within the Suburbs of Eureux were repulsed by eleuen English men that tooke foure of those Frenchmen prisoners slue .xij. of them and tooke .xl. horses On the Saterday following the Frenchmen tooke in hand to steale vpon them that lay in garnison within Louires in hope to surprise y e towne early in the morning but the Captaine perceyuing their purpose sallied forth with a hundred of his men and putting the Frenchmen to flight being a thousande tooke an hundred and fourescore of them being all gentlemen But to returne to them before Rouen The siege thus continuing from Lammas almost to Christmas dyuerse enterprises were attempted and diuerse pollicies practised howe euery parte might endomage his aduersaries no part greatly reioyced of their gaine But in the meane time vittaile began sore to fayle them within so that onely Vinegar and water serued for drinke If I should reherse according to the report of diuerse writers howe deerly dogges rattes mise and cattes were solde within the towne Extreme famine within Roane and how greedily they were by the poore people eaten and deuoured and how the people dayly dyed for fault of foode and yong Infantes laye sucking in the streetes on theyr mother breastes lying deade steruen for hunger the Reader myghte lamente their extreme miseries A great number of poore sillie creatures were put out at the gates which were by the Englishe men that kept the trenches beateÌ„ and driuen back again to the same gates which they found closed and shut agaynst them And so they lay betwene the walles of the Citie and the trenches of the enimies still crying for helpe and reliefe for lacke whereof great numbers of them dayly died A vertuous charitable prince Yet king Henrie moued with pitie on Christmasse day in the honor of Christes Natiuitie refreshed all the poore people with vittaile to their greate comfort and his high prayse yet if the Duke of Burgoignes letters had not beene conueyed into the Citie it was thought they within would neuer haue made resistance so long time as they did for by those letters they were assured of reskue to come Diuerse Lordes of Fraunce hauing written to them to the like effect they were put in such comfort herewith that immediatlye to expresse their great reioysing all the Belles in the Citie were roong forth cherefully whiche during all the time of the siege till that present had kept silence In deede by reason of a faynt kinde of agreement procured betwixt the Dolphin and the Duke of Burgoigne it was thought verily that a power should haue beene raysed for preseruation of that noble Citie the losing or sauing thereof beeing a matter of such importance The king of Englande to preuent the enimies purpose Chron. S. Al. A large trench without the Campe. caused a large trench to bee cast without his campe which was pight full of sharpe stakes with a greate rampire fenced with bulwarkes and turnepykes in as defencible wise as myght be deuised Sir Robert Bapthorpe knight was appoynted Comptroller to see this worke perfourmed which he did with all diligence accomplish in like case as hee had done when the other trened and rampire strongly staked and hedged was made at the first betwixt the campe and the Citie to restreyne such as in the beginning of the siege rested not to pricke forth of the Gates on horsebacke And so by this meanes was the army defended both behinde and before 1419 Finally the whole number of the Frenchmen within the Citie were brought to suche an extremitie for want of vitayles that they were in danger all to haue sterued Wherevpon bring nowe past hope of reliefe they determined to treat with the king of England and so vpon newyeares euen there came to the Walles suche as they had chosen amongest them for commissioners which made a signe to the Englishmenne lying withoute the Gate of the Bridge to speake wyth some Gentlemanne or other personne of Authoritie The Earle of Huntingdon whiche kept that part sent to them sir Gylbert Vmfreuile vnto whom they declared that if they might haue a safeconduct they woulde gladly come forth to speake with the king Sir Gylbert repayring to the Duke of Clarence and other of the Kings Counsayle aduertised them of this request Herevppon the Duke of Clarence wyth the other Counsaylors resorted to the kings lodging to infourme him of the matter and to know his pleasure therein who after good aduicement and deliberation taken willed sir Gylbert to aduertise them that he was content to heare twelue of them whiche shoulde be safely conueyed to his presence They within Roane demand Parlce This answere being brought to the Frenchmen by the said sir Gilbert on the next day in the morning foure knightes foure learned men and foure sage Burgesses all clothed in blacke came forth of the Citie and were receyued at the port Saint Hillarie by sir Gilbert Vmfreuile accompanyed with diuerse Gentlemen and yeomen of the Kings housholde commonly called yeomen of the Crowne by whom they were conueyed to the kings lodging whom they founde at Masse whiche being ended the King came oute of hys trauers sternely and Princely beholding the French Messengers and passed by them into his Chamber And incontinently after commaunded that they should be brought in before his presence to heare what they had to say One of them lerned in the Ciuill Lawes was appoynted to declare the Message in all theyr names who shewing himselfe more rashe than wise more errogant than learned K presumpteous Oâ—… fyrst tooke vpon him to shewe wherein the glorie of victorie consisted aduising the king not to shewe his manhoode in furnishing a multitude of poore simple and innocent people but rather suffer such miserable wretches as laye betwixt the walles of the Citie and the trenches of his siege to passe through the campe that they might get theyr lyuing in other places and then if hee durst manfully assaulte the Citie and by force subdue it he should win both worldly fame and merite great meede at the handes of almightie God for hauing compassion of the poore needie and indigent people When this Oratour had sayde the King who no request lesse suspected than that whiche was thus desyred beganne a whyle to must and after hee had well considered the craftie cautele of hys enimyes with a fierce countenaunce The King answere to this proâ—…e message and bolde spirite hee reproued them both for theyr
you wyl this day take to you your accustomed corage couragious spirites for the defence and safegard of vs al. And as for me I assure you this day I wil triumph by glorious victorie or suffer death for immortal fame For they be maymed oute of the palace of fame disgraded dying withoute renoune which do not asmuche preferre and exalte the perpetuall honour of theyr natiue countrey as their owne mortall and transitorie lyfe Now sent George to borow let vs set forwarde and remember well that I am hee whiche shall with high aduancementes rewarde and preferre the valiaunt and hardy champions and punishe and torment the shamefull cowards and dreadfull dastardes This exhortation encouraged all such as fauoured him but suche as were presence more for dread than loue kissed them openly whome they inwardlye hated other sware outwardly to take part with such whose death they secretely compassed and inwardly imagined other promised to inuade the Kinges enimies whiche fledde and fought with fierce courage against the King other stande still and looked on inteÌ„ding to take part with the victors and ouercommers So was his people to him vnsure and vnfaithful at his end as he was to his nephewes vntrue and vnnaturall in his beginning When the Earle of Richmond knew by hys forriders that the King was so neere embattayled he rode about his army from ranke to ranke from wing to wing giuing comfortable words to all men and that finished being armed at all peeces sauing his helmette mounted on a little hill so that all his people mighte see and beholde him perfectly to their greate reioycing For hee was a maÌ„ of no great stature but so formed and decorated with all giftes and liniaments of nature that he seemed more an Angelicall creature than a terrestriall personage his countenaunce and aspect was cheerefull and couragious hys heare yellow like the burnished golde hys eyes gray shining and quicke prompte and ready in aunswering but of suche sobrietie that it coulde neuer be iudged whither he were more dull than quicke in speaking such was his temperaunce And when he had ouerlooked his army ouer euery side he pawsed awhile and after with a lowde voyce and bolde spirit spake to his companyons these or like words following The Oration 〈◊〉 King Henâ—… the seueÌ„th If euer God gaue victorie to men fighting in a iust quarrell or if he euer aided suche as made warre for the wealth and tuition of theyr owne naturall and nutritiue Countrey or if hee euer succoured them whiche aduentured their lyues for the reliefe of innocentes suppressing of malefactors and apparante offendors no doubte my fellowes and friendes but hee of his bountifull goodnesse will this day send vs triumphant victorie and a luckie iourney ouer our proude enemies and arrogant aduersaries for if you remeÌ„ber and consider the very cause of our iust quarrell you shall apparantly perceyue the same to be true godly and vertuous In the whiche I doubt not but God will rather ayde vs yea and fight for vs than see vs vanquished and ouerthroweÌ„ by such as neither fear him nor his laws nor yet regard iustice or honestie Our cause is so iust that no enterprise can be of more vertue both by the lawes diuine and ciuill for what can be a more honest goodly or godly quarrell than to fight against a Captaine being an homicyde and murtherer of his owne bloud or progenie an extreame destroyer of his nobilitie and to hys and our Countrey and the poore subiectes of the same a deadly malle a fyrie brand and a burthen vntollerable the besyde him consider who bee of hys band and company such as by murther and vntrueth committed against their owne kinne and linage yea against their Prince and soueraigne Lord haue disherited mee and you and wrongfully deteyne and vsurp our lawfull patrimonie and lyneall inheritance For he that calleth hym selfe King keepeth from me the Crowne and regimente of this noble Realme and Countrey contrarie to all iustice and equitie Likewise hys mates and friendes occupie youre landes cutte downe your woods and destroy your manours letting your wiues and children raunge abroade for theyr liuing which persons for their penance and punishmente I doubt not but God of hys goodnesse will eyther deliuer into our hands as a greate gaine and booty or cause them beeyng greeued and compuncted with the pricke of theyr corrupt consciences cowardly to flie and not abide the battaile beside this I assure you that there be yonder in the great battaile men brought thither for feare and not for loue souldyers by force compelled and not with good will assembled persons which desire rather the destruction than saluation of theyr maister and Captayne And finally a multitude whereof y e most part will be our friends and the least part our enimies For truely I doubt which is greater the malice of the Soldyers toward theyr Captaine or the feare of him conceyued of his people for surely this rule is infallible that as ill men daylye couet to destroy the good so God appointeth the good men to confound the ill and of all worldly goodes the greatest is to suppresse Tyrants and relieue innocents whereof the one is as much hated as the other is beloued If thys be true as Clearkes Preache who will spare yonder Tyrant Richarde Duke of Gloucester vntruely calling himselfe King considering that hee hath violated and broken both the lawe of God and man what vertue is in him whyche was the confusion of his brother and murtherer of his nephewes what mercy is in him that â—…eâ—…eth his trustie friends as well as his extreame enimies Who can haue confidence in hym whâ—…che putteth diffidence in all menne If you â—…e not red I haue heard of Clearkes say y t Tarquine the proude for the vice of the body lost the Kingdome of Rome and the name of Tarquine banished the Citie for euer yet was not hys faulte so detestable as the facte of cruell Nero whiche slewe his owne mother and opened hyr entrayles to beholde the place of his conception Behold yoÌ„der Richard which is both Tarquine and Nero Yea a Tyrant more than Nero for he hath not only murthered his nephewe beeyng his King and soueraigne Lorde bastarded hys noble breethren and defamed the wombe of hys vertuous and womanly mother but also compassed all the meanes and wayes that he coulde inuent howe to defile and carnally knowe hys owne neece vnder the pretence of a cloked matrimonie whiche Lady I haue sworne and promised to take to my make and wife as you all knowe and beleeue If this cause be not iust and this quarrell godly let God the giuer of victory iudge and determine We haue thankes bee gyuen to Christ escaped the secret treasons in Britaine and auoyded the subtill snares of our fraudulent enimies there passed the troublous Seas in good and quiet safegard and without resistaÌ„ce haue penetrate the ample region and large couÌ„trey of Wales and are now come to
lawes of God and his holy worde Diuers persons that were detected to vse reading of the new Testament and other Bookes in English set forth by Tindale and such other as wer fled the Realme were punished by order taken against them by Sir Thomas More then Lord Chancellor who helde greatly agaynste suche Bookes but still the number of them dayly encreased ◅roclama◅ The ninetenth of September in the Citie of London a Proclamation was made that no person of what estate or degree so euer hee was should purchase or attempt to purchase from the court of Rome or else where nor vse and put in execution diuulgue or publish any thing within that yeare passed purchased or to bee purchased heereafter conteyning matter preiudiciall to the high authoritie iurisdictiō and prerogatiue royall of this Realme or to the hinderance and impeachmente of the King his maiesties noble and vertuous intended purposes Some iudged that this Proclamation was made bycause the Queene as was sayde hadde purchased a new Bul for ratification of hir mariage other thought that it was made bycause the Cardinall had purchased a Bull to curse the King if he would not restore him to his old dignities and suffer hym to correct the spiritualtie the King not to meddle with the same In deede many coniectured that the Cardinall grudging at his fall from so high dignities sticked not to write things sounding to y e kings reproche both to the Pope and other princes for that many opprobrious wordes were spoken to Doctor Edwarde Keerne the kings Orator at Rome and that it was saide to hym that for the Cardinals sake the King shoulde haue y e worse speede in the sute of his matrimony But the King dissembled the matter all thys yeare till that the Cardinall made his preparation to be installed at Yorke after such a pompous manner as the lyke hadde not bin seene in that Countrey whereby hee did but procure to himselfe new ◅y whose late fall mercy began to relieue and had set him againe in good state if hee could haue ruled hys lofte pride but hee to shewe hymselfe what hee was wanting nowe such ◅che and pretious ornamentes and furniture as might aduance hys honor and ◅tte him oute in so solemne a doyng was not abashed to sende to the Kyng requiring him to ◅nd hym the Mytre and Pale whiche hee was wonte to weare when he sang Masse in any solemne assembly The King vpon sight of hys sette◅ coulde not but maruel at the proude presumptuousnesse of the man saying what a thing is this The Kings words of the Cardinall that Pride shoulde thus reigne in a person that is quite vnderfoote But euen as there was greate preparation made in that Countrey of them that were required of hym to attende hym to Yorke at the daye appoynted of that solemne feast and intronization the King not able to bears with his high presumption anye longer The Earle of Northumberland appoynted to apprehend the Cardinall directed hys letters to the Earle of Northumberlande commaundyng hym with all diligence to arrest the Cardinall and to delyuer him vnto the Earle of Shrewesbury high Steward of his house The Earle according to that commaundemente c◅e with a conuenient number vnto the manor of Cawood where the Cardinall as then lay and arrested hym there in his owne chamber the fourth of Nouember and from thence conueyd hym the sixth of Nouember vnto Shefield Castell The Cardinall deliuered to the Earle of Northumberlande Sir William Kingston and there delyuered hym vnto the Earle of Shrewesbury who kept him till Sir William Kingston Captayne of the gard and Connestable of the Tower came downe with a certayne companye of yeomen of the gard to fetche hym to the Tower who receyuing hym at the handes of the Earle of Shrewesbury diseased as hee was in his body occasioned through sorrowe and griefe of mynde brought hym forwarde with soft and easie iourneys til hee came to the Abbey of Leicester the seauen and twentith of Nouember where through verye feoblenesse of nature caused by a vehemente las◅e hee dyed the seconde nyghte after and in the Churche of the same Abbey was buryed Suche is the suretie of mans brittle state vncertayne in birthe and no lesse feoble in lyfe Thys Cardinall when hee beganne wyth the businesse of the Kynges marriage was in hygh degree of honor worldly felicitie and so that whyche hee hoped shoulde haue made for hys aduauncemente thened to hys confusion The description of Cardinal Wolsey This Cardinall as Edmonde Campion in his historie of Ireland describeth him was a mā vndoubtedly borne to honor I thinke sayth he some Princes basterd no Butchers sonne exceeding wise faire spoken high minded full of reuenge vicious of his body loftie to his enimies were they neuer so bigge to those that accepted and fought his friendship wonderfull courteous a ripe scholeman thrall to affections brought a bedde with flatterie insactable to gette and more princely in bestowing as appeareth by hys two Colledges at Ipswich and Oxeford the one ouerthrowen with his fall the other vnfinished and yet as it lyeth for an house of Studences considering all the appurtenances incomparable through Christendome wherof Henry the eigth is now called founder bycause he let it stand He helde and enioyed at once the Bishoprickes of Yorke Duresme and Winchester the dignities of Lord Cardinal Legate and Chancellor the Abbey of Saint Albous diuers Priories sundry fatte benefices in commendum a greate preferrer of his seruauntes and aduauncer of learning stout in euery quarrell neuer happy till this hys ouerthrow Therein he shewed such moderatiō and ended so perfectly that the houre of his death did him more honour than all the pomp of hys life passed The Cleargie in daunger of a premunire Thus farre Campiō After his death the whole Cleargie of England was in danger to haue bin atteinted in the statute of premunire for that they had mainteyned his power legantine The spirituall Lordes were called by processe into the Kings bench to aunswere but before their day of appearance they in their conuocation concluded an humble submission in writing The offer of the Cleargie to the Kyng and offered an hundred thousand poūds to be graunted by acte of Parliament to the K. to stand their good Lord and to pardon them of all offences touching the premunire the whiche offer with much labour was accepted The King nominated supreme head of the Church 1531 In this submission the Cleargie called the King supreme head of the Church of England which thing they neuer before confessed When the Parliament was begun the sixth of Ianuary the pardon of the Spirituall persons was signed with the Kings hand and sent to the Lords which in time conuenient assented to the bill Then went it downe to the commons where it coulde not passe bycause diuers froward persons woulde needes that the King shoulde also pardon the laytie as well as
to passe the 〈◊〉 and to enter the Citie at suche places where the walles were through age decayed and ruinous The souldiers that were there with the Lorde Marques did shewe that vttermost indeuour to beate backe the enimies This fight in most cruell wyse continued for the space of three houres without ceasing the Rebels forcing themselues to the vttermost of their powers to enter perforce vppon them and they within the citie shewed no lesse courage to repulse them backe The hardie manhoode of diuerse Knyghtes and other men of worship was here right apparant It was straunge to see the desperate boldenesse of the Rebels that when they were thrust through the bodies or thyghes The desperatnesse of the rebels and some of them houghe sinnewed woulde yet seeke reuenge in stryking at their aduersaries when their handes were vnneth able to holde vp their weapon But such was the valiancie of the Gentlemen and souldiers whiche were there wyth the Lorde Marques that in the ende the enimies which were already entred the Citie The rebels beaten backe were beaten out againe and driuen backe to their accustomed kennell holes with losse of three hundred of their numbers They within the towne hauing thus repulsed the enimies and accounting themselues in more safetie than before for the rest of the night that yet remayned which was not much they gaue themselues to refreshe their wearyed bodies with some sleepe The next daye the Lorde Marques was informed by some of the Citizens that there were no small number in Kettes campe that woulde gladlye come from him if they might bee sure of their pardon and that at Pockethorp gate there were foure or fiue thousand that wyshed for nothing more than for pardon and that if the same were offered them there was no doubt as they beleeued but that they woulde submyt themselues to the Kings mercie The Marques was glad to vnderstande so much and incontinentlye dispatched Norrey King at armes with a trumpettor to assure theÌ„ on the Kings behalfe that they shoulde be pardoned for all offences past and that had bene committed in tyme of this rebellion if they woulde laye armes aside Norrey and the Trumpet comming to the gate founde not a man there but the trumpetteâ—… sounding his trumpette there came running downe from the hill a great multitude of there people 〈…〉 and amoÌ„gst other as chiefe 〈◊〉 FlotmaÌ„ whome Norrey commaunded to stay wherevppon the sayde Flotman asked him what was the matter â—…nd wherefore he 〈◊〉 called them togither by sounde of Trumpet got thy wayes sayde he 〈◊〉 offeâ—… the Reâ—… and tell thy company from my Lorde Marques of Northhampton the Kings maiesties Lieutenant 〈◊〉 offeâ—… the Reâ—… that hee commaundeth them to ceasse fryor committing any further outrage and if they will sayth hee obey his commaâ—â—dement all that is past shall bee forgyuen and pardoned Flotman hauing he and Norreys declaration as hee was an outragious and busie fellow presumptuously made aunsawre that hee comande a pinnes poynst for my Lorde Marques and withall lyâ—â— a rebellious Traytor rayled vpon hys Lordshippe and maineteyned that hee and the rest of the Rebelles 〈◊〉 preâ—…ons trayterous â—…ions were earnest defendors of the Kings royall maiestie and that they had taken weapon in hands not againste the Kyng but in his disrâ—…ce as in time it shoulde appeare as they that sought nothing but to maynteyne hys maiesties royall estate the libertie of theyr Countrey and the safetie of the common-wealth c. To conclude hee vtterly refused the Kynges pardon and tolde Norrey certaynely that they woulde eyther restore the common wealth from decay into the whiche it was fallen beyng oppressed through the couetousnesse and tyrannie of Gentlemen eyther else would they like men dye in the quarrell Vniteth had he made an ende of his tale wheÌ„ suddaynely a fearefull alarme was reysed thorough out the Citie for whylest Flotman was thus in 〈◊〉 with the Kyng of armes at Porkthorpe gate the Rebelles in a great rage entring the Citie by the Hospitall The Rebelles enter the Citie got aboute to bring all things to destruction but beeing encoâ—â—ted neere to the Byshoppes palaice by the Lorde Marques hys men there ensued a bloudy conflicte betwixte them whyche continued long with great fiercenesse and eger reuenge on bothe parties There dyed aboute seuen score of the Rebels and of the Souldyers that serued againste them some number beside a great multitude that were hurte and wounded on both partes but the pitifull slaughter of the Lorde Sheyfeld who hauing more regard to his honor than safetie of life destrous to shew some proofe of his noble valiancie entring amongst the enimies as hee foughte right hardily though not so warely as had bene expediente fell into a ditche as hee was about to turne his Horse and heerewith beeyng compassed about with a number of those horrible trayters was slayne amongst them although hee both declared what hee was and offered largely to the villaynes if they woulde haue saued dys life but the more noble he shewed himselfe to be the more were they kindled in outragious furye against him and as he pulled off hys head peece that it might appeare what he was a butcherly knaue named Fulques that by occupation was both a Carpenter and a Butcher slat hym in the head with a clubbe and so most wretchedly killed him a lamentable case The Lord Sheâ—…feld killed that so noble a yong Gentleman endowed with so many commendable qualities as were to bee wished in a man of his calling shoulde thus miserablye ende hys dayes by the handes of so vile a villayne Diuers other Gentlemen and worthy Souldyers came to the lyke ende among those outragious Rebelles and amongst other Roberte Wolnaston that was appoynted to keepe the dore of Christes Church was killed by the same Foulkes that tooke him for Sir Edmond Kniuet against whome the Rebels bare greate malice for that he sought to annoy them so farre as by any menes he might as partly ye haue heard Alex. Neuill But the slaughter of that noble man the Lord Sheyfeld sore discouraged the residue of y e Souldiers that were come with the Lorde Marques And on the other parte the Rebelles were aduanced therby in greater hope to preuaile against them and therevpoÌ„ preassed forwarde with such hardinesse that they caused the Lorde Marques and his people to giue place and to forsake the Citie euery man making the best shift he coulde to saue himselfe but yet diuers GentlemeÌ„ of good accompt and worship remayning behind and abiding the brunte were taken prisoners as Sir Thomas Cornewaleys and others whome the Rebels afterwards kept in strait durance till the day came of their ouerthrow by the kings power vnder the conduction of the Earle of Warwike The CitizeÌ„s were brought into such extreame miserie that they knew not which way to turne them Some there were that fled out of the Citie taking with them their gold
murdred 1092.30 a. Glanuille Bartholmew knight 559.71 Erle of Gloucester warreth on the Welchmen 792.2 a. driuen out of Glamorgan 810.27 b. Duke of Gloucester and hys confiderates ryse against the kyng 1063.6 a. Gluuy Duke of Demetia founder of Gloucester 51.54 Glorious Maiestie of y e English kingdome falleth wyth kyng Edmond Ironside 258.54 Glastenburie Abbey erected 53.18 Gleuy Riuer 162.12 Glocester pag. 1422. col 1. lin 26. Gorbonianus dyeth 30.55 Godfrey of Bologne afterward kyng of Hierusalem 270.78 Gospatrick depriued of hys Earledome 307.69 Goldenston Th◅mes Prior of Christes Churche in Cantorburie sent Ambassadour into Fraunce 1437.30 Godwyn commeth vp the Thames with his Nauie passeth throughe London bridge 273.71 Godwyn wel friended by the Londoners 273.68 Godwyn deliuereth pledges to kyng Edward for assurance of his loyaltie 273.93 Godwyn dyeth suddeinly at the table 274.107 Godwyn flaundered bycause of his great aucthoritie in the common wealth 275.15 Godwynes issue 275.32 Gonild neece to king Swanus banished the Realme 269 11. Gouernaunce of the churche of England dependeth chiefely vpon the kings 223.78 God a sister to king Edwarde maried to Eustace Earle of Bologne 270.82 Godwyn charged with the murder of Alured purgeth hym selfe therof 267.51 Godwyns ritche gyfte giuen to king Hardicnute 267.63 Godwyn myndeth to mary his daughter to one of king Hardicnutes brethren 267.76 Godwin and king Edward being ready to ioyne in battel vpon the sea are seuered by a Myst 273.20 Godwin restored to his former honor fauor liuyngs 273 28. Godwin arriueth with his Nauie at Sandwich 273.66 Gonorilla Leirs eldest daughter maried to Henninus Duke of Cornewal 19.93 Gogmagog a grant of great estimation in Britaine 15 82. Gogmagog slaine 15.90 Godfrey and Aulefe succeede their father Sithrike in the kingdome of Northumberland 224.55 Godfrey and Aulafe mekynge warre vpon king Adelstane are driuen out of their countrey 224.59 Godfrey father to king Reynold 224.61 Godfrey inuadeth Northumberland with an army of Scots 225.50 Goffarius Pictus king of Poicton 13.87 Goffarius raiseth an armye against the Troians 14.23 Goffarius and his army discōfited by the Troians 14.26 Goffarius with newe ayde distresseth the Troians 14.48 Godwyn offended wyth kyng Edward for too much fauouring straungers 271.10 Godwyn standeth stoutly in defence of his countreymen of Kent 271.12 Godwyn and his sonnes refuse to come to the assembly of Lordes at Glocester 271.34 Godwyn requyreth the Erle of Bologne and other French men and Normans to be delyuered vnto him whych is denayed 271.74 Godwynes army departeth away priuily and he also fleeth away in the night 271.105 Godwyn and his sonnes flee the Realme 272.9 Godbald kyng of Orkeney slayne 163.60 Godwyn sonne to kyng Harold 299.25 Gospel of Saint Iohn translated into Englishe by Beda 192.99 Godwyn and Edmond y e great landing in Somersetshyre spoyle the countrey and returne into Irelād with great booties 299.25 Gospatrick reconcyled made Earle of Northumberland is sent against the Scottes wyth an armie 306.118 and .312.31 Gorbod an called also Gurgust us 21.80 Gothlois a treacherous British captaine 127.86 Gouernment of Britaine committed vnto Plautius 49.85 Goseth William dyeth in hys iourney towardes the holye land 411.56 Godwyn Earle captaine of the Englishmen against y e Vandales and his noble seruice 260.80 Godwyns treason against Alured 264.22 .265.61 Godstow Nunrie beside Oxford 472.113 Godwyn and his sonnes proclaymed outlawes 272.21 Godwyn and his sonnes goyng a rouing vpon the coastes take prayes out of Kent and Suffer 272.50 Godrun a kyng of the Danes 212.18 Good lawes put to silence among the clinking of armor 217.14 Gospatrickes familie and discent 312.31 Gospatricke fleeth into Scotland 298.65 Gotmandin Gaham in Yorkeshyre 161.91 Goda Earle of Deuonshyre slayne by the Danes 239.43 Gourney Hugh reuolteth from king Iohn 557.25 ◅nnor married to Richard he second Duke of Normandie 289. ◅3 Gorolus Duke of Cornwall slayne 128.35 Gonzaga Ferdenand Ambassadour from the Emperour 1591.20 Gorbomans eldest Son to Morindus succeedeth his father in the kingdome of Britaine 30.30 Gourin brother to Duke Rollo of Normandie slayn 288.97 Gomer obtaineth the kingdome of Italie 1.98 Godfray of Bullongue elected king of Hierusalem 338.64 Godfray of Bullongue leader of an armie into the holy land 327.13 Godaroule Walter defendeth the Castle of Hartforde and at length yeeldeth it vp to Lewes 609.41 Godwyn byshop taken by the Danes 246.16 Godwyn gardian to K. Cnute children by Queene Emma 263.52 Gourney Hugh owner of Fert Castle 385.40 Gospatrick 278.105 Gorolus Duke of Cornwall 128.34 Gorloyes looke Gorolus Gouernment of spirituall matters appertaineth to the lawful auctoritie of the temporal prince 263.14 Gosefoorde towne 382.108 Gorbodug dieth and to buried at London 22.30 Gods face king William Rufus vsual othe 332.24 Godwyn Earle of Kent standeth agaynst Harold for the kingdome of England 263.35 Good men measure other mens manners by their own 196.98 Greene Thomas of Greenes Norton knyght committed to the towre 1460.21 Grotes and halfe grotes coined 1459.16 Griff◅n and Ryse Princes of Wales subdued 270 45. Grotes and halfe grotes fyrst coyned 947.7 a. Greeks and other nations receyued their learning fyrst from the Celte 266. Greeke Charecters deriued out of the Phenecian letters 2.60 Greeke letters first brought to Athenes from the Druides 3.80 Grossemond Castle in Wales 643.25 Grantchester decayed and now a village 30.89 Granta the old name of Cambridge 30.63 Grantchester so called by the Saxons otherwise ◅a◅rgrant 30.85 Grosted Robert made bishop of Lincolne 647.10 Granbodian looke Gorboniamus Grantham towne builded 30.48 Gray Lord Gray of Wilton Marshall of the armie and generall of the horsmen at Musklebrough fielde 1615 20. giueth a valiant charge on the Scottes 1624. 50. is hurt eadem 53. Lieutenant of the North partes fortifieth Haddington 1634. 40. winneth Yester Castle eadem 1. wa◅eth .xx. miles in Scotland 1641.31 his great damages iustayned at Haddington Chase 1637. 11. goeth agaynste the Rebels in Deuonshyre 1651. 14. is Marshall of the armie in the iourney of S. Quintins 1767.22 his prowesse during all the siege of Guisnes and namely his couragious vneppaled speech 1776.8 is taken prisoner and payeth for his ransome 22000. Crownes 1777. 4. knyght of the garter governour of Barwicke and warden of the East Marches dyeth 1821.40 Gray Walter made lord Chaūcellor to king Iohn 567.50 Gray Iohn bishop of Norwich made Lord deputie of Ireland by king Iohn 570 52. Gratianus the Emperour slain 96.10 Gratianus Funarius father to Valentinus and grandfather to Gratianus the Emperour 96.86 Gratianus Funarius generall of the Romane armie in Britaine 96.95 Gratianus Funarius goodes confiscated 96.99 Gratianus the Emperour slain by treason 97 55. Gratianus a Britaine made Emperour and shortly after slayne 97.112 Gratianus maketh himself king of Britaine 99.69 Gratianus slayne by the Brytaynes 99 86. Gray Thomas So◅ne to Thomas Gray the first Marques Dorset is chief◅ defendor at the Iustes held at the marriage of prince Arthur 1456. 26. is sent with an
Northumberland 312.48 Mutterel besieged 1594. the siege broken vp 1590.40 Murder committed at Oxford vppon a woman by a Priest 568.58 Murther in Westmin Church 1010.12 b. Murtherers to suffer death by hanging 472.59 Murtherers of king Constantius strangled 109.98 Merkam chiefe Iustice lost his office pag. 1381. col 1. lin 16. A Muster of Horsemen 1712.14 Mulinucius looke Dunwallo Mulinucius lawes 23.34 Murcherdach King of Ireland 326.70 Murreine among cattel 314.27 Earle of Murrey taken prisoner 898.20 b. Murton Byshop of Elie committed to warde pag. 1387. col 1. lin 8. N. Nathaliod a Britaine neyther of ancient house nor of skyll in the warres 127.67 Nathaliod and his army discomfited by the Saxons 127.84 Nazaleod king of Britaines maketh warre vpon the west Saxons 130.14 Nazaleod with his armye discomfited and slaine 130.39 Nazaleod nowe called Certicestshore 131.18 Nailes wherewith Christ was fastned to the crosse found what was done with them 91.115 and. 92.19 Nanneus sent to defend the inuasion of the Saxons 105 102. Nayles set in cuppes to measure draughtes 231.112 Nathaliod made general of the British army against y e Saxons 127.67 Names of the Bishops and Nobilitie present at the homage done by the Scottish kyng to kyng Iohn 550.14 Name of this land generally to be called England 204.45 Names and line of the kings of the seuen kingdomes of England 281.1 King of Naples disswadeth the French king from battaile 905.18 a. Nauntes citie vnliuered to K. Henry the second 398.43 Narcissus sent into Gallia to perswade the souldiers to go into Britaine 48.72 Narcissus in great credit with Claudius the Emperour 52 42. Nambre Earle Henry taken by the French 546.41 Nations neare to Britaine are subiect to the Romans 86 88. Names of the most valiant captaines and soldiers whose fame is moste renoumed for their noble deedes in the holy land against the Sarasins 504.3 Nauie alway in a readines to defend the coastes from Pyrates 266.51 Names of British kings which reigned from Elidurus to Lud. 32.65 and. 32.100 and. 33.40 King of Nauer commeth into England 991.41 a Names of the Peeres sworne to king Iohn 542.79 Names of the bishops present at the Coronation of kyng Iohn 545.10 Names of the nobilitie at the coronation of kyng Iohn 545.29 Names of the Bishops that accursed king Iohn and the Realme and afterward fled out of the Realme 566.24 Names of the sureties sworne to keepe the league made betweene king Iohn and Regiginald Earle of Boloigne 572.41 Names of the noblemen that continued vnto king Iohn 573.50 Names of British people which submyt them selues to Cesar 42.74 Names of foure kings in Kent at Cesars commyng 42.97 Nauie sent out by king Egelredus against the Danes 240.10 Nauie of Spaniards French discomfited by the Englishe men 1020.53 a Nantes besieged by the Englishmen 1021.54 a Names of learned men flourishing in the tyme of king Henry the thyrd 783.64 Names of the Barons that tooke part against king Henry the thyrd 726.19 Names of the Barons whiche tooke part with king Henry the thyrd against the other nobles of the Realme 726 35. Names of the Lords that banded them selues against kyng Iohn 588.45 Nauarre wonne by Ferdinand the kyng of Hispaine 1473 50. Nauie of Frenchmen 908.44 a. Robert de Namur serueth king Edward the third 940.45 b. Earle of Namur taken by the Scots 898.50 a Nauclerus cited 75.107 Names of writers that liued in king Iohns dayes 607.36 Names of the Lords that at the first went not against kyng Iohn but afterwardes ioyned with the other Barons at London 589.32 Names of the parties that sate to make the agreement betwene king Iohn and the Barons 589.75 Names of those elected to see the agreement betweene K. Iohn and his Barons performed 590.25 Names of the noble men and captaynes that came from beyond the seas to ayde king Iohn against the Barons 592.80 Names of the chiefe prisoners taken by king Iohn in the castle of Rochester 593.34 Names of the captaines of that part of the armye that Kyng Iohn left about London and of the other parte that went with hym Northward 595 7.14 Names of the Barons accursed by the Pope 596.77 Names of the chiefe captaynes vnder whom ayde came out of Fraunce to the Barons against king Iohn 597.72 Names of the noble men reuolting from king Iohn to Lewes 600.34 Names of Castles wonne by Lewes 600.78 Neotus an Abbot motioner of the founding of the vniuersitie of Oxford 217.63 Neuille George Lorde of Burgeyny cōmitted to the towre but deliuered againe 1460 20. New supply of Saxons sent for to come into Britaine 102.70 Neuill Alexander his Heptarchie cited 205.35 Newmerch and Vernon restored to the Duke of Normandie 393.47 Newcastle otherwise called Drincouet besieged woon 429.30 Newport a litle towne 1415 co 1. lin 13. Henry Newarke made archbishop of Yorke 815.32 a. dieth 835.58 a Newe mynster in Winchester builded 217.57 Newgate set on fire 1765.40 Newe eractions 1102.52 b. New historie which is the British historie 38.72 Newbourgh 194.66 Neuile Edward knight beheaded 1572.5 Newton slayeth Hamilton in combat 1634.30 Alexander Neuil Archbshop of Yorke fleeth 1070.36 a. attaynted 1071.25 New Forrest made by king William 313.85 Newcastle towne recouered from the Scottes 397.6 Lord Neuil sent into Britaine 993.7 b. Guy de Nealle Marshal of Fraunce slayne 947.10 b. Neal Bruce taken 842.50 a. executed 843.17.6 Neuil Iohn knight executed 1581.2 Newmerch Castle besieged and deliuered to the Frenchmen 385.20 Newark pag. 1329. col 1. lin 28. Newbourgh Abbey founded 394 28. Nefle Castle yeelded to the Frenchmen 510.40 Neuil Raufe Byshop of Cicester dyeth 611.42 Newburge Robert a man of great honour 398.32 Nennius a Britayne cited 7.14 Newburie Castle wonne by king Stephan 386.42 Raufe Lord Neuil created Earle of Westmerland 1097.30 b. Neuil Hugh high Iustice of the Forrestes 549.44 Newcastle pag. 1315. col 1. lin 13. Newcastle in olde tyme called Monkaster 307.100 Neomagus a Citie in Britaine by whom builded 2.95 Newton Peter knight Counsellour to Prince Arthur 1456.54 Newarke Castle builded 371.75 Newcastle taken by the Scots 366.80 Newcastle vpon Tyne brent by casual fire 728.16 Newarke Castle restored to the Byshop of Lincolne 105. Newcastle towne and Castle founded 311.8 Neglecting of Iustice is cause of greater mischiefes 311.82 Newburne Churh 312.26 Neuil Raufe elected Archbyshop hf Canterburie and the election made voyde by the Pope 637.27 Neuer as yet any king drowned 329.76 Neuille Alane accursed by Archbishop Thomas Becket 409.63 Nennius getteth away Cesars swoord in fyght 39.16 Nenuius dyeth of the hurte which Cesar gaue him 39.20 Neptunus called Nepthuin 5.4 Neptunus parentage 5.5 Neptunus called king and God of the seas 5.19 Newburgh brent by Earle Iohn 538.4 Nectaridus Earle of the Sea coast in Britayne slayne 103.95 Neuil Charles Erle of Westmerland rebelleth 1839.38 fleeth into Scotland 1841.12 Nicholas Burdet knight pag. 1227. col 1. lin 32. lin 56. col 2. lin 10. pa. 1237 co 2. lin 30. pag.