Empire it fell into the hands of the Saracens who in the seventh and eighth Century possessed most of the Islands in the Mediterranean Sea In 809. Pepin Father of Charles the Great recovered this Island out of their hands which after this was the subject of a long War between the States of Genoua and Pisa till at last Pope Boniface VIII granted it to James II. King of Arragon about 1296. who after many Wars obtained the quiet possession of it in 1326. or as Hoffman saith in 1409 Ever since it has been in that Family Frederick II. has also given it the Title of a Kingdom The Soil is very fruitful but the Air equally unhealthful or pestilential rather insomuch that the Common-wealth and the Emperours of the Romans banished such persons to this Island as they desired to have dead without Sword or Poyson The Rivers Cedro and Tirso divide it into two parts called the Cape de Lugodori and Cap de Cagliari for its sertility it was called the Nurse of Rome by Valerius Maximus yet those parts of the Island to the North and East are mountainous and barren The rest are Algher Castel Aragonese Bosa Ostagni Terra Nova Sacer and Iglesias A Vice-Roy for the King of Spain governs this Island Sardica See Sofia Sardis the ancient Metropolis of Lydia in the Lesser Asia Not to speak of its being the Capital of the Kingdom of the famous Gyges Cyrus we find took it in the fifty ninth Olympiad and with it submitted all Lydia to his Empire In the sixty ninth Olympiad about the year of Rome 250. Aristagoras with twenty Athenian Ships took and burnt it After this it was rebuilt and passed under the Empire of the Greeks In the year of Rome 540. Antiochus conquered it In S. John the Apostle's time it received Christianity but for its inconstancy therein became one of the Subjects of his Revelations and now utterly ruined It was a Bishops See Sarduni Planasia an Island on the Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Sare Sarvus a River of the Low-Countries called Sara by Venantius Fortunatus by the Germans die Saare by the French Sare it ariseth in Mount Vauge in the Borders of Lorain and Alsatia near the Town of Salme and running Northward it watereth Sareck Serwerdon S. Jean Sarsberg and a little above Trier from the South-East falls into the Moselle Sarepta an ancient City of Phoenicia in Syria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tyre Now called Sarafends or Saphet The Prophet Elias miraculously augmented the Widows Oyl and raised her dead Son to life at this place according to the History of the Old Testament Sargasso or Mar do Sargasso is that part of the Ocean which lies betwixt the Islands of Cape Verde the Canaries and the Continent of Africa so called by the Portugueze Sargathia the Asiatick Tartary a vast Country in Asia Sarisbury or Salisbury or New Sarum Sarisberia Sorviodunum Sarviodunum Severia is the principal City of Wiltshire seated in the North-West part of that County near the Borders of Hampshire and Dorsetshire upon the Rivers of Willey and Alan united into one Stream and falling presently into the Avon in such sort as that most of the Streets of this City have a Stream commodiously running through the midst of them This was anciently a Roman Town by the name of Sorbiodunum seated on a high Hill and therefore destitute of Water Kinrick King of the West Saxons was the first of that Race who possessed it after a Defeat of the Britains in 553. Canutus the Dane much damaged it by Fire in 1003. In the Reign of William the Conquerour it recovered after Herman Bishop of Shirburn had removed the See hither whose next Successor Osman built the Cathedral William the Conquerour summoned hither all the States of England to take an Oath of Allegiance to him Since those times the City is removed Northward and come down into the Plains nearer the Avon Here there was a second Cathedral begun by Richard Poore Bishop of this See in 1218. Finished by Bridport the third Bishop from Poore in 1258. which is one of the greatest and most beautiful Churches in England Having twelve Gates fifty two Windows three hundred sixty five Pillars great and small answering to the Months Weeks and Days of the year The glory of this Diocese was the most Learned and Industrious Bishop John Jewel consecrated Jan. 21. 1559. died Sept. 23. 1571. In 1153. Patrick d'Eureux was created Earl of Salisbury and his Son William succeeded in that Honour In 1â—97 William Long-espee a Natural Son to Henry II. by the beautiful Râ—samond marrying Ella the Daughter of William d' Eureux had this Honour In 1333. William d' Montacute King of Man became the fifth Earl whose Male Line in four Descents enjoyed the Honour till the year 1428. when it passed to Richard Nevil who married Eleanor the Daughter of Thomas Montacute Lord Chancellour In 1472. George Duke of Clarence second Brother to Edward IV. had it in Marriage with Isabel Daughter of Richard Nevil the second Earl of that Line In 1477. Edward eldest Son of Richard III. married Ann the second Daughter of the said Richard and had this Honour In 1514. Margaret Daughter of George Duke of Clarence was by Henry VIII created Countess of Salisbury In 1605. Robert Lord Cecil was by James I. created Earl of Salisbury in which Line it still is Sarlat Sarlatum a City of Aquitain in France in the Province of Perigort which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon a River of the same Name one League from the Dordonne betwixt the Dordogne and the Vezere as it were in an Island eight from Perigueux to the South-East and thirty from Bourdeaux to the North-East Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1317. by the change of its ancient Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral having before been a part of the Diocese of Perigueux It is so strongly situated as to withstand two Sieges in the Civil Wars in 1652. Sarmatia and Sauromatia This vast Region in ancient Geography was divided into Sarmatia Asiatica Europaea and Germanica Sarmatia Asiatica lay properly towards the Borders of Europe and Asia with the Northern Ocean to the North the Pontus Euxinus to the South Scythia to the East and Sarmatia Europaea to the West now contained in the Northern Muscovia in the Provinces of Samoyeda Duina Permski Lucomeria c. Sarmatia Europea had for Bounds both the other Sarmatia's with the Euxine Sea making now Russia And Sarmatia Germanica took up the greatest part of the present Kingdom of Poland being divided from the European Sarmatia by the Nieper to the East from the Borders of Germany by the Vistula to the West from Dacia by the Neister and the Carpathian Mountains to the South with the Baltick Sea and the Gulph of Finland to the North. Sarnagans Sarnagan Sargans Serlandt a Town and County in Switzerland subject to the seven
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
and with it into the Ocean Seyde Sidon by the Germans called Said is a City of Phoenicia in Syria upon the Shores of the Mediterranean North of Tyre about a League distant from the remains of the ancient Sidon Sister to Tyre in the Scripture for its Sins and the Punishments of them A populous City full of Merchants and Artisans of all Nations driving a great Trade in Cotton and Silk The Franciscans Capuchins and Jesuits have each their Chappels the Turks seven or eight Mosques and the Jews one Synagogue here The Maronites of Mount Libanus and the Armenian Greeks enjoy the like Liberties Without the City appear many Gardens of Oranges Citrons Tamarines Palm-trees and the Fig-trees of Adam so called because bearing a Leaf of the length of six foot and the breadth of two Adam it is supposed covered his nakedness with them It hath two small Fortresses but so far ruined as to remain indefensible The Turks keep a a Sangiack here under the Bassaw of Damascus a Cady or Judge and an Aga of the Janizaries The French a Consul All which Officers are handsomely lodged the rest of the Houses are ill built The Harbor formerly was capable of receiving many and great Vessels but is now choaked with Sand to that degree as to admit only of Skiffs whilst Ships lye in the road behind the Rocks for Shelter In the Christian times it was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tyre The Eutychians held Council here of twenty four Bishops in 512 under the protection of the Emperour Anastasius In 1260 the Tartars became Masters of it from whom the Turks obtain'd it about one hundred and fifty years since There is now a Caemetery upon a part of the Mountain Antilibanus in the place where the Old Sidon stood for the use of the Christians of Seyde And the Maronites have a poor Chappel by it Seyne See Seine ◠Sezza Setia a City of Campagna di Roma in Italy of good Antiquity mentioned by Martial It is said to have sometime been a Bishop's See though not now Du Val places an Epispocal City of the same name in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Sfacchia Leuci a Range of Mountains in the Territory of Cydonia on the West side of the Island of Candy which gave name to the Sfacciotes who signalized themselves by their valiant resistance against the Turks when they endeavoured the ravishing that Island from the Seigniory of Venice of late years Shaftsbury Septonia a Town upon the Stoure in the North-East Borders of Dorsetshire towards Wiltshire seated in the form of a Bow on an high Hill which affords it a serene Air and a large delightful Prospect but deprives it very much of Water In the times of the Norman Conquest it had one hundred and four Houses and after this ten Parish Churches now three with about 500 Houses built of the Freestone of its own Hill Some write King Canutus the Dane died here This Town was built by King Alfred in 880 as Mr. Cambden proves from an old Inscription mentioned in William of Malmesbury In 1672 Charles II. created Anthony Ashley Cooper then Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Shaftsbury who died in Holland and his Son succeeded him in this Honour Shannon Shennyn or Shennonon Senus Sinejus a River in Ireland which is one of the principal in that Kingdom It ariseth in the County of Roscomon in the Province of Connaught out of Mount Slewnern and flowing Southward through Letrim forms a vast Lake called Myne Eske and Ree towards the North end of which on the East side stands Letrim in the middle Longford towards the South Ardagh on the West side Elphem and Roscomon and at some distance from the Lake to the South Athlone Beneath which comes in from the West the Logh a vast River from three other Lakes more to the West called Garoch Mesks and Ben-Carble on the East it receives the Anney so passing by Bannogh and Clonfort to the Lake of Derg at Kiloe it leaves that Lake and passeth to Limerick where it turns full West and between Munster to the South and Connaught to the North enters the Vergivian Ocean by a Mouth five Miles wide between Cape Leane and Cape Sanan having in this Course separated Leinster and Munster from Connaught Shap a large Village in the County of Westmorland in Westward near the River Lowther in which in the Reign of Henry I Thomas Son of Jospatrick founded an Abbey and the same was the only Abbey in this County There is near this Town a noted Well which ebbs and flows often in a day and a perfect Bow of vast Stones some nine foot high and fourteen thick pitch'd at equal distances from each other for for the space of a Mile Sheale a Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester-ward upon the Mouth of the River Tine The Newcastle Coal-Fleet takes its Cargo here Sheffield a large well-built Market-town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the hundred of Strafford upon the River Dun of particular note for Iron Wares even in Chaucer's time who describes a Person with a Sheffield VVhittle by his side It shews the ruines of one of the five Castles formerly seated upon the same River Dun in the compass of ten Miles Corn especially is much bought up here for the supply of some parts of Derby and Nottingham shires as well as Yorkshire Shefford a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Clifton situated between two Rivulets which below it join to fall in one Stream into the Avon Sheppey Shepey Toliapis an Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent at the Mouth of the Thames and Medway Separated by the River Medway from Kent and on all other sides surrounded with the Sea About eight Miles long and six broad Fruitful in Pasturage and well watered especially on the South by Rivers The Danes Earl Goodwin his Sons and their Adherents much harassed it in former times Queensborough is its chief Town it hath several other Towns besides and hath been honoured with the Title of an Earldom in the Lady Dacres Countess of Shepey Shepton-Mallet or Malley a large Market Town in Somersetshire in the hundred of VVhiston Shipton a Market Town in VVorcestershire in the hundred of Oswalderston upon the River Stower It stands in a slip of the County taken off from VVarwickshire Shirburne Clarus Fons a Town and Castle in the North-West of Dorsetshire on the Borders of Somersetshire upon a River of the same Name which afterwards falls into the Parret the Capital of its Hundred Built on the side of an Hill in a fruitful and pleasant Country and much increased in the number of its Inhabitants and its Wealth by the Cloathing Trade In 704. a Bishop's See was erected here translated afterwards to Sunning and thence to Salisbury The Family of the Digbys Earls of Bristol are Barons of Shirburne § Also a Market Town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of
others over which are reckoned in all twenty four Stone-bridges Here is plenty of Lime Marble Timber Stone for building and game with some Alabaster and Salt-springs The Air is good and very healthful cold especially towards the North in which part the Earth also is barren The middle is more level but full of Woods The South is fruitful producing Corn and Grass in abundance Coals and Mines of Iron And so great formerly was the number of Parks and Warrens in this County that most Gentlemens Seats were attended by both This County takes its name from Stafford the principal Town in it anciently called Betheny Built by Edward the Elder Incorporated by King John on the East and South walled Trenched by its own Barons the other two sides being secured by a Lake of Water the River Sowe runs on the East and West of the Town and is covered with a Bridge It hath two Parish Churches a Free-school and many good Buildings Edward VI. confirmed and enlarged their Charter It s Long is 18. 40. Lat. 53. 20. In the year 1357 one Ralph was created the first Earl of Stafford whose Posterity in twelve Descents enjoyed that Honor to the year 1639 when it was finally extinguished in the Person of Henry Stafford In 1640 Charles I. revived this Honour by conferring it upon Sir William Howard Knight of the Bath second Son of Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey who was then married to one of the Daughters of the last Earl of Stafford He was Beheaded Dec. 7. 1680. in the Reign of K. Charles II. But the Title revived under K. James II. in Henry his Son the present Earl of Stafford See the Natural History of this County written by Dr. Robert Ploâ—t with the same extraordinary Art and Elaborateness which is peculiar to him Stagira an ancient Town famous for being the Native place of the Philosopher Aristotle thence entituled Stagirita in the Kingdom of Macedonia called afterwards Liba Nova by some and yet said to be extant Stagno Stagnum a small City in Dalmatia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza from which it stands thirty Miles to the North upon the Adriatick which affords it the Convenience of an Harbour This Town belongs to the Republick of Ragusa Stainmore-Hill an exceeding Stony Hill as the Northern use of the word Stain signifies in the County of Westmorland Remarkable for a Stone-Cross said anciently to have been erected for a Boundary betwixt the Kingdoms of England and Scotland upon a Peace concluded betwixt William the Conqueror and Malcholm King of Scotland The Arms of England were displayed upon the South-side of it and those of Scotland on the North. Stalemura Anemurium a City in Cilicia upon the Mediterranean Sea called by others Anemâ—ra a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia between Antioch to the West and Celendris now Palapoly to the East about forty four Miles from Cape Cormachiti in the North of the Isle of Cyprus to the North. Mela placeth it in the Borders of Pamphylia and Cilicia Long. 65. 10. Lat. 36. 50. Stalimene Lemnos a considerable Island in the Archipelago called by the Inhabitants Stilemnos It is one hundred and sixty Miles in compass At first under the Venetians but since conquered by Mahomet II. Fifty Miles from Agionoros or the Coast of Macedonia to the East It hath a considerable City of its own name produces good Wine and is well Cultivated Famous for a Red Earth called from it Terra Lemnia and Sigillata by which the Ottoman Port reaps a considerable revenue Stamboli the Turkish Name of Constantinople Stametz Stametia a small City in Gothland a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal but now become a poor Village Stampalia a considerable Island in the Archipelago towards the Sea of Scarpanto called anciently Astypalaea and placed by Strabo in the number of the Sporades It hath a City of its own name now as before when a Temple of great fame throughout Greece adorned it which was consecrated to the honour of Apollo The principal Church is dedicated to S. George and served with the Greek rites under the spiritual jurisdiction of the Bishop of Siphanto who some part of the year resides at it To the City belongs a Castle for its security planted upon a Mountain upon the Frontispiece of which the Arms of Venice France and Thuscany appear displayed This City is the sole settlement in the Island being tho of a fruitful Soil much in want of fresh Water Stanes a large well inhabited and frequented Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Branghing with a Bridge over a River leading into Surrey Stanford Stamford Durobrivae a Town of Lincolnshire in Kesteven division of good Antiquity upon the River VVelland on the Borders of Northampton and Rutland with a part in each but the chiefest in Lincolnshire which is great and well peopled having about seven Parish Churches and several Bridges over the River being expanded on both its sides The Roman High Dike or Way leadeth to the North from this Town The Houses are built of Free-stone the Streets fair and large and begirt with a Wall It hath the honour to be a Corporation represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses And in its Neighbourhood stands a stately Seat and Park of the Earl of Exeter called Burleigh House In the Reign of Edward III. part of the Students of Oxford upon a quarrel between the Southern and Northern Men settled for some time in this Town who erected a College here its Ruins are yet remaining and would not return to Oxford till compelled by a Proclamation whence arose that Statute of the University enjoyning every one by Oath at the taking of Batchelors Degree not to profess Philosophy at Stamford In 1628 Henry Lord Grey of Grooby was created Earl of Stamford and succeeded by Thomas his Grandchild in 1673. Stanhope Stainthorp or Staindrop a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon a rivulet running into the Tees Market-Stanton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Gartree Stargard Vrbs Vetus a City of Holstein Long. 33. 10. Lat. 55. 06. Stargart Stargardia a City of Germany in the Further Pomerania the Capital of which it is upon the River Ihna under the Elector of Brandenburgh five German Miles from Stetin to the East It is a Hanse Town but not well peopled Long. 37. 40. Lat. 53. 23. Staten-Eylandt a small Rocky Island discovered by the Dutch in 1594. to the East of Weigat's Streights near that Coast of Moscovy called by them New Holland Not above one League long and two in Circuit Some pieces of fine clear Chrystal were found about the Rocks The Dutch gave it this Name to signifie an Island of their States Stavelo Stable Stabulum a Monastery in the Diocese of Vtrecht between the Archbishoprick of Triers and the Low-Countries three German Miles from Limburgh to the South There belongs to the
Course piece of Cloth with a fine List Besides the Thames here is the VVay the Mole and the Wandle whose head springs from Croydon all emptying themselves in the Thames It has many Noble and Princely Houses but few Towns or Places of any considerable greatness the Principal Town in it being Kingston upon Thames The Regni an old British Tribe were the first Inhabitants of this County In the times of the Saxon Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the South Saxons The first Earl of it was VVill. de VVarren Created by VVilliam the Conqueror in 1067. VVilliam the third of this Line succeeded in 1135. who was followed by VVilliam de Blois Son of King Stephen first Husband of Isabel de VVarren in 1148. and by Hameline Plantagenet base Son of George Earl of Anjou half Brother to Edward III. second Husband of the said Isabel in 1163. His Posterity enjoyed it in four descents till 1347 when the Male Line failing Richard Fitz Alan Lord Treasurer was Earl of Surrey In 1398. Thomas Holland was Earl of Kent and Duke of Surrey afterwards Beheaded Thomas Fitz Alan Son of the former Richard died Earl of Surrey in 1414. In 1451 John Lord Mowbray was Created Earl of VVarren and Surrey and after Duke of Norfolk In 1475. Richard a second Son of Edward IV. was the thirteenth Earl of Surrey In 1483. Thomas L. Howard L. Treasurer after Duke of Norfolk was Created Earl of Surrey in which Family it is at this day Surunga a City and Kingdom in Japan in the Island of Niphon Sus Susa or Susum a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa so called from a River of the same Name It is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Morocco on the East by Darha on the South by Tesseta and on the West by the Atlantick Ocean Divided into seven Provinces the principal Cities in it are Tarudant the Regal City Teseut and Sancta Cruz. This is a pleasant rich fruitful Kingdom yields Wine Grain Fruits Pasturage Indico Alum c. has a great Quantity of Gold which is a perpetual cause of War amongst them and many Castles and Villages well fortified by the Natives since the Portuguese abandoned this Country in the last Century Now subject to the Kingdom of Fez tho it has been a distinct Kingdom and the Inhabitants are for the most part Mahometans and some of the best Soldiers in Africa Susa one of the principal Cities in the Principality of Piedmont upon the Doria at the foot of the Cottian Alps which separate Piedmons from Dauphine and the Capital of a Marquisaâ—e of its own Name belonging to the Duke of Savoy but taken by the French Forces under Monsieur Cattinat November 1690. Nineteen Miles from Pignerol The French call it Suse This City shews an Inscription upon a Triumphal Arch from which Learned Men conclude that the Emperor Augustus erected his Trophy hereabouts for the Conquest of the Alpine Nations in the year of Rome 740 fourteen Years before our Saviour For tho others place that Trophy about the Foot of le Col de Tende or the Maritime Alpes near Nice and Monaco from a part of the words Gentes Alpinae Devictae seen there upon a Fragment of a stone yet these two Opinions are reconcilable by supposing that Augustus set up this Trophy at the foot of both the Maritime and Cottian Alpes for the greater glory § Susa was also the Capital of the ancient Country Susiana in Asia at the entrance of a spacious Plain which the River Choaspes watered The Kings of Persia used to pass the Spring at it Darius repaired it says Pliny Alexander the Great took it It is now in a flourishing state if the same Souster See Souster Susdal Susdalia a City of Muscovy the Capital of a Province of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rostow It stands eighty Miles from Moscow to the South-East and one hundred and thirty from Novogorod Nisi to the North-West Susiana an ancient Country of Asia betwixt Syria Persia and Chaldaea whereof Susa was the Capital City and Melitene one considerable Province It had the honour to be a Kingdom which after the death of Abradatus King of Susiana submitted to the power of Cyrus Sussex Sussexia one of the Southern Counties of England Bounded on the North by Surrey and Kent on the East by Kent on the South by the British Sea and on the West by Hampshire It s Length from East to West is sixty Miles the broadest part from North to South not above twenty and its Circumference about one hundred and fifty wherein are contained one hundred and twelve Parishes with eighteen Market Towns The Air is good but subject to great Fogs and Mists out of the neighbour Sea which recompenceth this Inconvenience with plenty of Fish and Fowl There are few Harbors upon this Coast the Soil is rich and fruitful but the Roads miry and unpleasant the Middle of the Country has excellent Meadows the Sea-coasts are Hilly but afford plenty of Corn and Grass the North-side full of Woods and Groves The principal River is Arun. The chief City in it is Chichester which is a Bishop's See the next to it Lewes The Regni were the ancient Inhabitants of this County who were subdued by Aulus Plautius in the reign of Claudius the Roman Emperor In 478 Ella erected here the Kingdom of the South-Saxons from whence this County has its Name The first Earl of it was William de Albeney Earl of Arundel who married Adelizia the Relict of Henry I in 1178. He was succeeded by VVilliam his Son it continued in this Family for five Descents In 1243 John Plantagenet Earl of Surrey succeeded In 1305 John a Son of the former followed In 1529 Robert Ratcliffe was Created by Henry VIII Earl of Sussex whose Posterity enjoyed this Honor six Descents In 1644 Thomas Lord Savil was Created the fourteenth Earl of Sussex whose Son succeeded and in him that Family ended This Honor in 1674 was conferred upon Thomas Leonard Lord Dacres who married Anne Fitz-Roy eldest Daughter to the Duchess of Cleavland by Charles II. Sutherland Sutherlandia a County in the North of Scotland Bounded on the North by Caithness and Strathnavern on the West by Assint on the South by Rosâ— and on the East by the German Ocean The principal Town in it is Dornock Sutri Sutrium Colonia Julia Sutrina a City in the States of the Church in S. Peters Patrimony upon the River Pozzolo which is a Bishops See but for ever united to the See of Nepi from whence it stands four Miles to the West and twenty four from Rome to the South-West It is little and incompassed with Rocks on all sides Livy says of it that Camillus when it had revolted against the Romans went with an Army to reduce it In the year of Christ 1046. the Emperor Henry III. assembled a Council here which deposed Pope Gregory VI. who had intruded into the Roman
them Ferdinando conquered the rest in 1483. and under Spain they are at this day They had this name given them from the great number of Hawks the first Adventurers found in them See Canary Isles Azotus an antient City of Palestine Taken heretofore by Joshua about the year of the World 2586. Then it became one of the five Governments of the Philistines who detain'd the Ark in it Since Christianity it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cesarea Baldwin I. took it from the Saracens in 1101. It had a Church built in it and an Episcopal House in the particular place they say where St. Philip left the Eunuch he baptized when he was rapt away by the Spirit Sometimes call'd Azotus Paralia to distinguish it from Azotus Ippini which was another Episcopal See heretofore in Palestine See Ashdod Azin-court or Agincourt a small Town in Artois in the Earldom of S. Paul from which it is distant somewhat above 3 Leagues to the West as it is also from Hesdin to the North. In 1415. Henry V. of England beat D'Aâ—bret Constable of France who came against him with a French Army consisting of 80000 Men near this small Town which has given it a name amongst the most considerable Places of the World See Trussel Life and Reign of Hen. V. Azuayes a poor People of Barbary and Numidia in Africa upon the Coasts and Mountains They wear a Cross engraven upon their face or hands to distinguish them from other Africans A Custom first introduced amongst them in token of their being Christians according to a Law made when the Gothish and Christian Princes reign'd in Barbary that whereas all such Infidels as would embrace the Gospel were excused Tribute therefore those who became Christians in reality should make themselves known to the publick Officers of the revenue by a Cross of that nature They persevered in their Conversions till the Caliphs came in And tho they wear the Cross still yet it serves them with other Figures more for a pretended Ornament than a token of Religion BAB BAalhasar mention'd 2 Sam. 13. 23. A place beside Ephraim in Judaea where Absalom commanded his Servants to kill Amnon for forcing his Sister Thamar Baar Vargiones a County in Schwaben in Germany near the Fountains of the Danube in the Possession of the Prince of Furstemberg Die Baar are also the Mountains of Schwaben call'd Abnobi by the Romans Baaz or the Isle de Baz is an Island on the Coast of Bretagne in France Babelmandel Diodori Insula is a small Island in the Red Sea belonging to Aethiopia mentioned by Pliny Ptolemy Arrian and others but the later Geographers are not agreed whether this be it or Primeira which lies near it It lies in the very entrance of the Red Sea or Arabick Gulph and gives name to that passage Babylon one of the most famous Cities of the antient World celebrated both in Sacred and Profane Story It is seated upon the Euphrates and was the Capital of Chaldea about 42 Miles from Bagdet to the South East in 79. d. of Long and 35 of Nor. Lat. Generally believed to have been built by Nimrod the Grand-child of Noah soon after the Deluge and to have been a continuation of Babel so called because the Lord did there confound the Language of all the Earth Gen. 11. 9. This City was antiently incompassed with Walls of Brick which made a Circuit of 385 Stadia's or 48 English Miles They were so broad at the top that two Chariots might meet and pass without any hindrance and they are said to be 100 Cubits high so that this was one of the seven Wonders that amazed the old World This City was the Capital of the Assyrian Empire and tho Nabonassar ruin'd that Empire yet he forsook it not but his Son Nebuchadnezzar very much increased and inlarged it as appears Dan. 4. 30. After this it was taken by Cyrus the Persian Anno Mund. 3516. before the Birth of our Saviour 537 years and tho it changed its Master yet it kept much of its antient Greatness under the Persian Empire Seleucus Nicanor one of the Successors of Alexander the Great who dyed here building Seleucia upon the Tigris at about 40 Miles distance from it as Strabo observes it became thereby deprived of its Wealth its Honour and Inhabitants whence Pausanias could say that it had nothing in his time but its Wall in the days of S. Jerom it was only a Park and in after-times it became an Habitation for Scorpions and Serpents so that no Man could safely pass through it See Bochart Geogr. Sacr. lib. 4. c. 15. It is very hard now to know assuredly so much as where it stood For tho Bachad or Bagdat is often call'd by the same name and divers have therefore been induced to accept it for the same place yet that this is a great mistake see Bachâ—â— Babylon in Aegypt stood over against Memphis near the Nile St. Peter wrote his First Epistle its thought from this Babylon because the other was deserted before as this since yet forming Cairo out of its ruines Babolitza Carethna or Vallis Cariniana a Town placed by Antiochus in the Lower Pannonia now part of the Lower Hungary Baboliza or Babolza a Town of the Lower Hungary call'd by Antoninus Mansuetinum it has now a Castle and lies about five Hungarian Miles West of Zigeth in our latter Maps it is call'd Babolcha Babuco Bauco Bovillae a Town of S. Peter's Patrimony near the Confines of Campania and the Kingdom of Naples Babul Pattala or Patala is one of the greatest Cities in the East-Indies seated in an Island of the River Indus under the Dominion of the Great Mogul Bacalal a Lake in the Northern America Bacar Ituraea Trachonitis a Region of Palestine often mentioned in the New Testament It lies beyond Jordan between Samaria and Arabia and belonged to the Tribes of God and Reuben The Inhabitants are famed in the Roman History for good Archers tho Cicero 2. Phil. calls them at the same time Omnium gentium maxime barbaros the most barbarous of all Nations They are mentioned also by Virgil Lucan and Vopiscus on the same account There is another Country in the East-Indies call'd by the same name Baccharuch or Bachruch a small Town in the Lower Palatinate upon the Rhine in the greatest esteem for Wine of all the places in Germany whence that Etymology of its name Bacchi ara descanted by H. Stephanus Bachad Seleucia a City of Mesopotamia upon the River Tigris in antient times called Coche and afterwards Alexandria from Alexandria the Great who rebuilt it after which being re-edified by Antiochus King of Syria who call'd it by his Father's name Seleucia and being again ruin'd it was rebuilt in 762. by Almanusor Abugiafar the 22d Calif first on the Western Shoar of Tigris and after on the Eastern in Chaldea in time it grew great rich and populous being the Seat of many of the Califs and was call'd
very Noble Palace of the Electors two large Wings of which and the Front with five Pavilions stand towards the River In the German Wars the Spaniards put a Garrison into this Town which was beaten out by the Sâ—edes and when the French had in later times wheedled the Elector out of his strong Castle the Emperour's Forces seized upon the Elector Philippus Christophâ—rus and carried him away to Vienna In â—60 â—â—nder Charles the Bald here was a Council or Diet held â— and in 922. another under Henry II. The Marquis de Bousâ—â—erâ— came before it in November 1688. with seven or eight thousand French but retired with the satisfaction only of having shot into it â—â— great â—â— any Bombs Coblentz a Village in Switzerland upon the Rhine where the Arola Aâ—r fallâ— into it in the Borders of Schuâ—â—â—â—n seven Miles from Basll to the West Cobourg Melocatus a small Town in Fraâ—coâ—â—a upon the River Itsch in the County of Henneberg and in the Borders of Thiâ—â—ingen under the Dukes of Saxony which has also a fine Castle It stands 8 Miles from Smaleald to the South-East and 5 from Bamberg to the North. Cocas Cochias Caucasus a Mountain in Asia Cocco Laus a River of Calabria Cochin Cochinum a City of the East-Indies near the Promontory of Malabar called by the Portuguese Cochim by the Italians Cochino the Capital of a Kingdom of that Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Goa It has a large Haven and Fort called S. James's Fort built by the Portuguese in 1503. The Country is very well watered and fruitful antiently called Colchi as some think but however the Portuguese were Masters of it ever since they built that Fort till 1663 when the Hollunders took it from them The Kings of this City have always born a great Kindness for the Portuguese And when at first the King of Calecut would have destroyed them he took part with them against him and protected them and when the Hollanders had beaten them out the present King refused to be Crowned in the usual Place till the Portuguese were restored to it This City stands 36 Leagues from Calecut to the South and is watered by a fine River The Country about it yields much Pepper Those they call the Christians of S. Thomas have the Liberty of their Religion here using an Office of the Chaldean Language Long. 105. 00. Lat. 10 00. There is another Town of the same Name in the Island of Lemnia but now ruin'd Cochin-China call'd by the Inhabitants Cachucyna and by the Portuguese Cauchin-China or Couchin-China is the most Easterly Kingdom in the East-Indies on the Continent bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Tungking on the West by a People called Kemis and its own Desarts on the South by Tsiompa or Ciampa and on the East it has a vast Bay of the Ocean call'd after its own Name the Gulph or Bay of Cochin-China opposite to the Isle of Hainan Alexander de Rhodes a French â—esuit has lately given a large Account of this Country which is subject to a King of its own and stands divided into siâ— Provinces each under a subordinate Governour Cockermouth a Market-Town in the County of Cumberland situated upon the River Cocker near its fall into the Derwent by which two Rivers it is almost surrounded About 8 Miles from the Sea with a Castle upon one of the Hills adjoining to it Cocytus the antient Name of two Rivers the one in the Kingdom of Epirus the other near the Lake of Averno in Italy The Poets call one of their four fictitious Rivers of Hell by this Name Coclosyria the Region betwixt the Mountains Libanus and Antilibanus in Asia in which the River Orontes springeth Coesfield a small but strong City of Westphalia upon the River Berkel about 5 German Miles from Munster to the North. The Bishop of Munster doth often relide in this Place Coetquen or Coesquen a Town and Castle in Brittany near Dinanâ— which gives name to a Family of Honor. Henry III. advanc'd it to the Dignity of a Marqinsate in 1575. Coeworden Coevorden Baduhennae Lucâ—s Covordia is a very strong and fortified Town in the Provâ—â—â—e of Overyssel in the Low-Countries the principal Town of Drenâ—e standing in the Marshes near the Borders of the Bishoprick of Munster who has formerly possessed it but it is now in the Hands of the Duâ—oh it lies about a Mile from the River Veâ—â—t Vidruâ— and two from Hardenberg to the South-East It was often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of the Low-Countries Coggeshal a Market-Town in Essex in the Hundred of Lexden Cognac Conâ—cuin Campiniacâ—m a Town in the Dukedom of Angoumoâ—s in France upon the River Charaâ—te betwixt Jarnaâ— and Xâ—â—ntes It stands in a fine fruitful Soil for Wine especially Francis I. King of France being born here built it a Fortress In the Year 1238. there was a Council held at it In the Civil Wars of France it was taken and retaken Nevertheless accounted a place of Strength Cogni Iconium a City of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia which is now great and well peopled the See of an Archbishop under the Patriarch of Constantinople the Capital of Carmania and the Seat of a Turkish Bassa Still made more famous in 1658. by a Victory obtain'd against a Bassa Rebel It lies over against the Western Cape of Cyprus about 30 German Miles from the shoars of the Mediterranean Sea In the Year 256. a famous Council of the Bishops of Cappadocia Galatia Cilicia and the neighbouring Provinces was held here declaring the Baptism of Hereticks null an Opinion which occasioned great and long Dissentions afterwards amongst Christians Cogoreto a small Town upon the Coast of Genoua where Christopher Columbo the Discoverer of the New World was born It lies 10 Miles East of Savona and is under the Republick of Genoua Cohan Albanus a River of Albania Coimbra Commbrica a City of Portugal mentioned by Antoninus but now destroy'd There is another call'd by that Name in the Province of Beira which sprung out of the Ruines of the former It is built upon a Rock and therefore sometimes called Aeminium upon the River Munda now Mendego 32 Leagues from Lisbon to the North and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Braga In 1550. John III. King of Portugal removed hither the University which had been settled before at Lisbon Seven Kings of Portugal were born and three died here It has the Honor also to bear the Title of a Dukedom Coire Chur Choira the capital City of the Country of the Grisons upon the River Plessur a little below the Rhine between Chiavenne Glaris and Appenzel The Grisons ordinarily hold their Diets at it Though the inhabitants profess the Opinions of Zuinglius yet they allow a Toleration to a few Roman Catholicks under a Bishop residing at Marsoila but taking his Title from hence who is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Mentz and has the Honor to be a
Culemburgum a Town and Castle in Guelderland belonging to the United Provinces yet as to the Revenue possessed by its own Count it stands on the River Rhine above two German Miles from Vtrecht to the South-East and six from Nimeguen to the West Taken by the French in 1672. and dismantled in 1674. Culiacan a Province in New Spain in America within the Jurisdiction of the Governor of Guadalaxara between New Mexico to the North New Biscay to the East and the Purple Sea to the South and West It has a City of the same Name Cuma Cumae once a Colony and famous City of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which in 1207. was utterly ruined by the Saracens The Ruines of it are yet visible upon an Hill on the Tyrrheman Sea twelve Miles from Naples to the North-West In the latter times of the Roman Empire this City was wonderfully fortified so that Narses the General of Justinian could not take it without a tedious Siege and at this day the Ruines of it are wonderful many Noble Antiquities are to be seen amongst them The Bishops See that was fixed here is united with that of Averâ—a Virgil speaks of an admirable Temple of Apollo and a Fortress that adorned this City in Ancient Times Neither must it be forgotten that the Sibylla Cumana her Grott being in the neighbourhood took her Title from hence whose Verses prophesied so favourably of our Saviour that Julian the Apostate thought fit to order them to be burnt § The Ancients mention other places of the same Name One upon the Gulph of Smyrna in Asia Minor now called Foya Nova betwixt Smyrna and Pergamus accommodated with a Port and Fortress Near to which the Venetian Fleet obtain'd a Victory over the Turks in the year 1650. Of the rest nothing said Cumberland is the most North-Western County of England on the North bounded by Scotland on the South and West it has the Irish Sea and on the East Lancaster Westmorland the Bishoprick of Durham and Northumberland It took its Name from the Inhabitants who being of the old British Race called themselves Kumbri or Kambri The Country though cold and uneven is yet not unpleasant to the Traveller And it affordeth great plenty of Corn Cattle Fish Fowl and Metals nor is it destitute of many Roman Antiquities the Reliques of the Roman Garrisons who lay here to defend Britain from the devouring Picts The principal City is Carlisle Prince Rupert whilst he lived was Duke of Cumberland by the Creation of King Charles I. his Uncle 1643. He dying without Issue November 30. 1682. that Honor is now in the Person of his Royal Highness Prince George of Denmark It became a Dukedom from an Earldom For in the year 1525. H. VIII conferred the Title of Earl of Cumberland upon Henry Lord Clifford in whose Family it continued from thence to 1642. The Eden is the principal River of this County Cuneo Cuneus See Coni. Cuningham a County of Scotland on the Western Shoar over against the Isle of Arran on the West it has the Irish Sea on the North Dunbritoun Fyrth which parts it from Lentieth on the East Cluydsdale and on the South Kile The chief Town is Largis on the Irish Sea seventeen Scotch Miles from Glasco to the West Cunsar one of the Names of the Hyrcanian Sea Curacao or Curassaw one of the Islands known by the Name of Sottovento in the South America over against the Province of Venezuela betwixt Oraba and Bonnaire Taken from the Spaniards by the Dutch in 1632. Curdistan Chaldaea a vast Province in Asia under the Dominion of the Turks but upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Persia containing Chaldaea part of Assyria towards Media and a great part of Armenia Major The Western Bounds are closed by the River Euphrates and the Eastern by the Tigris having Tarcomania to the North and Alidulia to the South The Curdes a People partly Mahometans Heathens and Christians take their Name from and dwell in this Province The ancient Chaldaea was divided into two parts the one North of Mesopotamia in which Vr stood the Country of Abraham the other South of Babylon near Arabia Deserta a large Champion Country in which the Philosophers lived and flourished whose same became extended over all the East and whose enquiries gave the first birth to Astronomy Astrology Magick Philosophy and Theology Babylon was the Capital of the ancient Chaldaea La Cure Cora Chora a River of France arising in the Dukedom of Burgundy and flowing through Nivernois Vezelay or Verzelet and Clamessy at Vermenton just opposite to Crevant in the Dutchy of Burgoigne falls into the Sure Cures an ancient Town of the Sabines in Italy from whence the Name of Quirites became derived to the Romans and remarkable also for being the Birth-place of Numa Pompilius It is thought Vescovio was afterwards built upon the Ruines of this Town Curetes a Name of the ancient People of the Island of Crete Curiale Dianae Oraculum a small Town on the Coast of Arabia Foelix towards the Persian Gulph about twenty seven Miles to the North-West of Cape Raz the most Eastern Point of that Country and and eight from Mascate a City Curland Curlandia a Province of Livonia called by the Germans Kureland by the Dutch Coerlandt by the French Courlande is bounded on the East by Semigalen on the South by Samogithia and on the North and West by the Baltick Sea This Country belonged anciently to the Teutonick Order but Sigismund Augustus King of Poland in 1587. forced Gothardus Ketler Master of that Order to renounce their Right and hold it together with Semigalen as a Fee of the Crown of Poland So that ever since it has been separated from Livonia and annexed to that Crown and is still in the Possession of the Family of Ketlers as Dukes of Curland and Subjects to the Crown of Poland The Capital City of it is Goldingen Curresi Avens a River of Italy in the State of the Church in the Diocese of Sabina between Campania to the South and Vmbria to the North. It watereth S. Lorenzo and the Abby di Farfa and then falls into the Tyber fifteen Miles North of Rome Curta a Village of Hungary upon the Danube between Comora and Gran. It is a Roman Town ruined Curzola Corcyra Nigra an Island of the Adriatick Sea on the Coast of Dalmatia under the Dominion of the State of Venice which is twenty five Miles in length from North to South and five in breadth It has a small City or Town of the same Name which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza and there are five other small Villages in it It lies only five Miles from Cape Cabiccello a Promontory of Dalmatia Le Curzolari Echinades Echinae five small Islands over against the Mouth of the Gulph of Lepanto Near to which the Christians gain'd that Signal Naval Victory over Selim II. his Fleet in 1571. in the Battel called the Battel of Lepanto Cusa an
Ouse in a fair Champaigne Country Deserving to be particularly taken notice of for the beautiful Euston-Hall of the building of the late Earl of Arlington and the Curiosities that are to be seen about it In 1672. King Charles II. advanced this place to the Dignity of an Earldom in the Person of the late Duke of Grafton upon his Marriage with the only Daughter of the said Earl of Arlington The Euxine Sea Pontus Euxinus Axenos now by the Turks called Cara Denguis i. e. the Furious Sea and by others the Black Sea is encompassed round by Anatolia Mingrelia Circassia the Crim Tartary and Podolia with no other out-let than the Bosphorus Thracius accounting the Palus Moeotis as a Bay or branch of it so that it seems more properly a Lake Yet these great Rivers the Danube Nieper Niester Phasis Corax Sangarius and many others discharge their floods into it It is in length from East to West about one hundred eighty eight Leagues In breadth at the Western End from the Bosphorus Thracius to the Nieper three Degrees at the Eastern the half thereof And is dangerous to navigate Not so green nor clear nor brackish as the Ocean by reason of the Influx of those Rivers And now wholly under the Dominion of the Grand Seignior without whose leave no Vessel passes upon it Ewel a Market Town in the County of Surrey in the Hundred of Copthorn Ex Isca is a River of England it ariseth in Somersetshire and passing by Winesford it takes in Dunsbrook River or Creden from Dulverton on the West then entering Devonshire it runs directly South to Tiverton where it takes in Loman River from the East at Stâ—cke it takes in Columb on the same side and a little lower Credy from the West then incompassing a great part of the North West and South of Exeter a little lower it admits Clyst on the East and Ken on the West and so entereth the British Sea by a large Mouth Exeter Isca Isca Dunmoniorum Exonia is the principal City of Devonshire called by the Welsh Caerisk Caerrudh and Pencaer that is the Principal City Seated on the Eastern Bank of the River Ex in a barren Soil upon the Advantage of a small Hill declining East and West having a Dike and a strong Wall for its Safety in Compass about a Mile and a half with extended Suburbs There are in it fifteen Churches and in the highest Part of the City near the East Gate a Castle which of old was the Seat of the West Saxon Kings and afterwards of the Earls of Cornwal and near this the Cathedral built by King Athelstan in Honour of S. Peter Edward the Confessor settled the Bishop's See here which he removed from Kirton It fell not into the Hands of the Saxons till four hundred sixty five years after their first coming over viz. Anno Christi 914. when Athelstan banished the Britains and fortified the City and built the Cathedral This City joining with the Rebels in 1640. was taken for the King by Prince Maurice September 4. 1643. And being Garrisoned for the King was again surrendred to the Parliament upon Terms April 13. 1646. The Honourable John Cecil is Earl of Exeter and the fifth of his Family he succeded John Cecil his Father in 1667. The Title of Marquess of Exeter was heretofore conferred by King Henry VIII upon Henry Courtney Earl of Devonshire And likewise of Duke by Henry V. upon Thomas Beaufort Earl of Dorset and by Richard II. upon John Holland Earl of Huntington The present Bishop of this Diocese is the forty sixth since the Removal of this See from Kirton about 1149. The sixty seventh from Aedulphus who about 905. was made the first at least Saxon Bishop of Devonshire Extremadura See Estremadura § A Province of the Kingdom of Susa in Africa near the Atlantick Ocean and the Mountains of Atlas in the Southern Borders of Morocco Extremos a small Town upon the River Tera which comes to fall into the Tajo near Evora and Elvas in the Province of Alentejo in the Kingdom of Portugal Extuca a Province in the Kingdom of Morocco in Barbary extended along the Sea Coast towards the Mountain Atlas and the Frontiers of Biledulgeridia Eychstat See Aichstadt Eyder Eidera Egidora a River of Denmark which ariseth above Rendsburgh and dividing Holstein and Dithmarsh from the Dukedom of Sleswick falls into the German Ocean at Tonning This River denominates the Territory of Eyderstede in the said Dutchy Eye or Eaye Insula a small Corporation in the County of Suffolk near the Borders of Norfolk so called saith Mr Camden because it is an Island where are to be seen the Ruins of an old Castle which belonged to Robert Mallet a Norman Baron and of an ancient Benedictine Abbey called S. Peter's This Town has been given in Jointure with the Queens of England After many other Changes in this Honour Sir Frederick Cornwallis descended lineally from Sir John Cornwallis Steward of the Houshold to Edward VI. and Sir Thomas Cornwallis one of the Privy-Counsellors to Queen Mary and Comptroller of her House was April 20. 1661. made Baron Cornwallis of Eye by Charles II. to whose Interest and Service being ever entirely addicted in the worst of Times he had the Honour to be the second Coronation Baron to whom succeeded Charles Lord Cornwallis his Son who dying in 1673. Charles the second of this Family his Son succeeded and is now living By the Favour of this Family as I have heard this small Corporation obtained its Charter and the Honour of sending two Burgesses to the House of Commons Otherwise the Place is very small and inconsiderable It stands twelve Miles from Ipswich to the North and seventeen from Norwich to the South and in the Road between those two Places Eyerlandt See Aland Eyndhoven Endova is a fine Town in the Territory of Kempen upon the River Bommele four Leagues from Boisleduc to the South and almost the same from Helmont to the West It had a College of Canons and belonged to the Count de Buren This is the Capital of that part of Kempen which lies in Brabant and fell into the Hands of the Hollanders in 1629. after they had taken Boisleduc by a Siege of four Months Continuance and they are still in Possession of it Eysenack Isenachum a small City in Thuringia upon the River Nesa eight Miles from Erford to the West The River Nesa a little below it is taken into the VVerra The Name of this City is written sometimes nearer the Latin Isenach It is under the Dominion of a Prince of the House of Saxony the Duke of Weimar with a small Territory belonging thereto And has the Honour to be both a Dukedom and an University which last was founded in the Year 1555. F A FAenza Faventia a small City of Romandiola in Italy upon the River Lamone Anemo which falls into the Adriatick Sea three Miles South of the Mouth of the Po between Imola to the North
Centre of the County to which it gives name large well built and populous extending from the top of a high Hill where Lindum the old Roman Town stood its Ditches and Rampier being still visible a great way downwards unto the River In this Town the Valiant Britain Vortimer died in 456 being Poysoned by Rowena the Daughter of Hengist and Wife of Vortiger The Saxons after this ruined Lindum and built Lincoln nearer the River about the times when Paulinus first Preached the Christian Faith to them The Danes destroyed it twice In the time of Edward the Confessor here was one thousand and seventy Mansions In the Norman times no City in England was more Rich or Populous as Will. of Malmsbury acquaints us Will. the Conqueror thought fit to build here a very strong Castle upon the top of the Hill aforesaid to awe the Inhabitants Remigius Bishop of Dorchester near Oxon at the same time removed the Sea hither and built the Cathedral above the same Hill In the Reign of Edward III. it was made a Mart or Staple King Stephen was overcome and taken Prisoner near this City in 1140. Sept. 5. in a great Battel with Maud the Empress and afterwards at Bristol laid in Irons Henry III. had better success here when it being defended by the Barons against him under Prince Lewis in 1217. May 19. he took it forced Lewis to Flee to London and soon after into France Mr. Cambden observes that of fifty Churches standing within an hundred Years of his time there were only eighteen left It hath by times gone through all the calamities of Fire Sword and Earthquake Yet a large populous and well frequented place still and enjoying the greatest Diocese of any in the Kingdom as the Cathedral there called commonly the Minster is one of the stateliest Piles perhaps in Christendom It hath the privilege also of being a County Corporate whose Liberties extend about twenty Miles in compass with the title of the County of the City of Lincoln It s Long. 22. 52. Lat. 53. 12. Lincolnshire is bounded on the North by the Humber and the British Sea on the East by the same Sea and part of Norfolk on the South by Cambridge Northampton and Rutlandshire on the West by Leicester Nottingham and Yorkshire It is a very large County extending in length from North to South almost sixty Miles and carrying in some places thirty in breadth fruitful in Corn and Grass thick set with Towns and well watered with Rivers As the Humber the Trent which severs part of it from Nottinghamshire the Witham running a cross it the Woland and the Nen. The whole is divided into Lindsey to the Northward which takes up about one half Holland towards the Sea Southward and Kesteven West from thence which three divisions contain six hundred and thirty Parishes and thirty five Market Towns Here is plenty of Fowl and Fish The old Inhabitans were the Coritani The present Earl of this County is Edward Lord Clinton who succeeded in 1667 being the fifth of his Family that has born this Title and the sixteenth Earl Edward Fines Lord Clinton Lord Admiral having obtained this Honor from Qu. Elizabeth in 1565 before whose time the same title had passed through several Families by frequent interruptions Lincopen Lincopia Lingacopia a City of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Ostro-Gothia between Soderkoping to the East and Wadtena to the West twenty eight German Miles from Stockholm to the South-West and almost eight East from the Lake of Veter Long. 32. 48. Lat. 58. 3. The City is very small and inconsiderable We read of a Synod celebrated at it in 1148. under P. Eugenius III. It is also written Lindkeeping Lindaw Lindavia Lindavilum Philyra a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben in an Island in the Lake of Constance joined to the Continent by a Bridge two hundred and ninety Paces long It is an Imperial and Free City situate in the borders of Switzerland eight Miles from Constance to the North-East and grew up out of the ruins of Aeschach a place near to it Very strong both by its Site and by Art and therefore it the more easily repelled the Forces of Count Wrangel the Swedish General who in 1647. besieged it The beginning of this City was a Monastery built here by Adelbert Rorbuck a Kinsman of Charles the Great in 810. This occasioned the building of a Village and the Site being pleasant fruitful and convenient it grew up by degrees to a City at first subject to the Abbess after that to the Dukes of Schwaben obtaining its Privileges since from Rudolphus I. Frederick III. and Sigismond Lindo Lindus a Sea-Port Town in the Isle of Rhodes the Christian Inhabitants of which can bring about twenty good and large Ships into the Grand Seignior's Service Line a rivulet in Staffordshire upon which Newcastle stands thence commonly called Newcastle upon Line to distinguish it from Newcastle upon Tine Lindsey one of the three parts of the County of Lincoln containing all the Northern parts from the River Witham to the Humber and from the Ocean to Trent This was in 1626. by Charles I. made an Earldom and granted to Robert Bartie Lord Willoughby of Eresby Lord Great Chamberlain of England who died in the Bed of Honour at Edge-Hill October 23. 1642. being the King's General in that Battel The present Earl Robert Bartie the third of this Family succeeded in 1666. Lingen Lingo a strong Town in Westphalia which is the Capital of a County of the same Name under the Prince of Orange upon the River Ems forty five Miles from Munster to the North and fifty five from Emden to the South The County that belongs to it lies in the Bishoprick of Munster and is very small It belonged to the Spaniards in the time of Charles V. but is now in the hands of the Prince of Orange Linlithgo Linlithquo Lithquo Lindum a Town and a County in the South of Scotland The Town standeth on the South side of the Fyrth of Edenburgh twenty two Miles from that City to the West This Place as Mr. Cambden saith is called Lindum by Ptolemy and it takes its Name from a great Lake in this small County from which ancient the present Name is derived Linosa an Island of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Africa near Maltha It depends upon the Island of Maltha Linton a Market Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Chilford Lintz Aurelianum Lentia called by Aurelian Lyncia Lyncium and by some understood to be the Aredate of Ptolemy is the Capital City of the Vpper Austria small but populous seated upon the Danube over which it has a Bridge and in it a magnificent Castle whither the Emperors of the House of Austria have frequently retired for their Pleasure and Divertisement It stands six German Miles from Passaw to the East and twenty four from Vienna to the West Dr. Brown gives this account of
took this City and was therefore called BRITANNICVS He made it a Roman Colony planting in it a Regiment of old Soldiers and ordered Money to be Coined with this Inscription COL CAMALODVN Cambden saith from this Money it is Collected this Expedition was in the twelfth Year of his Reign fifty two years after the Birth of Christ Certain it is this City soon felt the fury of the Britains under Boadicia Qu. of the Iceni who took and burnt it and put all the Romans to the Sword about the Year of Christ sixty three Yet the Romans rebuilt it as appears by Antoninus Edward the Son of Alfred a Saxon King finding it much ruined by the Danes repaired and fortified it with a Castle William the Conqueror had here one hundred and eighty Houses in the Tenure of the Burgesses and eighteen wasted In Mr. Cambden's time it was a well inhabited Town consisting of one Street of a Mile in length built on the ridge of an Hill and having a convenient Haven Now not only a Corporation which sends two Burgesses to Parliament but also made a Viscounty the thirteenth of Charles II. and given to the late Earl of Essex The Maleas are a People which live in the Mountains of Malabar towards the Confines of Coromandel near the Dominions of the King of Madura Amongst them there live many Christians of the old Conversion called the Christians of S. Thomas Maleg a River of the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Damut and receiving the River Anquet after a Course of eighty Leagues falls into the Nile in Nubia below the Province of Fasculon Malaguette Mallaguete or Managuete the Western part of Guiney in Africa called by the Dutch Tand-Cust by the French Cote des Graives about 60 Leagues long extending from the River Sanguin to the Cape of Palmes which Cape separates it from Guinea propria It hath the reputation of a considerable place for the Pepper trade First planted with some Colonies of French and afterwards by the Portuguese English and Dutch Malemba a Kingdom of Africa betwixt the Kingdom of Angola and the Lake of Zembre Malespine a Marquisate and Souereignty in Tuscany in Italy near the States of Genoua The same properly with the ancient principality or now Dukedom of Massa belonging formerly to the Family of the Malespini which since has been incorporated with the House of Cibo Malfi Amalphis or Amalphi a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principato honoured with an Archbishops See and a Dukedom but little and not well inhabited It lies on the North side of the Bay of Salerno eleven from Salerno to the West and twenty two from Naples to the South The Emperor Lotharius II. in the War he undertook in the behalf of Pope Innocent II. against Roger K. of Sicily and Anacletus an Antipope mastered and plundered this City They pretend that here are the Bones of St. Andrew the Apostle brought from Judea about the Year 1206 and that the Seaman's Compass was invented here by Flavio Gioïa an Italian in 1300. P. Nicholas II. celebrated a Council here in 1059. in which the Dukedoms of Puglia and Calabria were confirmed to Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman for his Services in the expulsion of the Saracens Long. 38. 35. Lat. 40. 52. Malines See Mechelen Maliapur Maliapura a City on the Coast of Coromandel commonly called St. Thomas as being the place of the Martyrdom of that Apostle and an Archiepiscopal City written also Meliapor it was taken by the French in 1671. and deserted two years after Long. 108. 50. Lat. 13. 12. Malling West a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath. Mallorca See Majorca Malmesbury Maldunense Caenobium a Town built on the Western Bank of the River Avon the Capital of its Hundred on the Confines of the County of Glocester in the County of Wiltshire which took its name and rise from Maidulph a Learned Irish Scot who being highly admired both for his Piety and Learning erected here a School and a Monastery which Adelme his Scholar much improved becoming after his death the Tutelar Saint of Athelstane King of England who died in 938. after he had much enriched this Monastery by his Princely Donations this Adelme was the first who taught the Saxons the Latin Poetry No less honor is due to this Place on the score of William of Malmesbury a Learned Historian for the Times in which he lived which was about 1143. The Monastery thrived so well that at the suppression of it by Henry VIII its Revenue was above eight hundred and three pounds the year Whether its late Philosopher Thomas Hobbs has added to the Honor of this Place by being born here is left to the Judgment of Posterity The Town is now a Corporation represented by its Burgesses in Parliament and in a tolerable Condition by reason of its Clothing Trade It has six Bridges over the River being almost encircled therewith A Synod was held at it in 705. or 707. Malmugon Malmoe Malmogia a City in Scania in the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Hollanders Elbogon because it represents the Bent of the Elbow of an Arm. It was built in 1319. and has a safe Harbor over against Coppenhagen on the Sound In 1434. here was a strong Castle built by Ericus King of Denmark the first Encourager of lasting Architecture in this Kingdom In 1658. it first came into the hands of the Swedes in 1676. the Danes endeavoured the recovery of it by a Siege but without success they did the like the year following with the like event It stands four Danish Miles from Coppenhagen to the East Malpas a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Broxton Malta Melita and Island belonging to Africa in the Mediterranean Sea by some taken for the Place where S. Paul suffered Shipwrack in the Year of Christ 58. It s length is twenty Miles breadth twelve circuit about sixty which is its distance too from Pachyno the most South-Eastern Cape of Sicily one hundred and ninety from the nearest Coast of Africa Taken from the Saracens by Roger the Norman Earl of Sicily in 1089. And was under the Kings of Sicily till Charles V. granted it to the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem now called Knights of Malta from it after they were beaten out of Rhodes in 1530 that he might the easier protect Sicily from the Incursions of the Moors In 1566 they began to build the Bourg or principal City after Solyman the Magnificent had in 1565. reduced the greatest part of the old Town into Dust by a Siege of five Months managed by Dragut his General with the loss of twenty four thousand Men spent to no purpose on this small Island There are sixty Villages in it and three Cities all seated at the East end within the distance of eight Miles which have two large Havens divided by a Rock on the Point stands the Castle of S. Hermes to defend the entrance
be the Bormanicum of Pliny Others the ancient Alaunicum or Machaovilla There are divers Religious Houses there Manresa Manrese Minorissa a small City in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Cardoner which a little lower falls into the Lobregat ten Leagues from Barcellona to the North. Once a Bishops See Man 's Vrbs Cenomanorum Cenomanum a great rich populous City in the Duchy of Maine in France of old called Vindinum seated upon the River Sartre where it takes in the Huisne ten Leagues from Alenson to the South sixteen from â—ours to the North and the same distance from Vendosine to the North-West It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours the Capital of Le Maine and heretofore one of the most flourishing Cities of Gallia Celtica Mansfeldt an Island in Hudson's Bay in the Terra Arctica of America discovered some time since by the English Mansfeld Mansfeldensis Comitatus is a County or Earldom in the Vpper Saxony in the Landtgravate of Thuring between the Principality of Anhalt to the North the Territory of Mersburgh in Misnia to the East and Thuring properly so called to the East and West It is now sequestred in the Hands of the Elector of Saxony but was before under a Count of its own whose Family being now divided into four Branches each of them has the Right of Living Hunting and Fishing in this County with that of Patronage and two thousand Florins yearly Income the Government is in the Hands of the Electors for their security and payments The chief Town is Mansfeld which stands nine Miles from Maegdeburgh to the South and Erfurd to the North and sixteen from Gottingen to the East Mansfield a good large well built and inhabited Market Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Broxtow It stands in the Forest of Sherwood Mantale an ancient Castle in the Territory of Vienne in Dauphine remarkable upon the account of a Council called Concilium Monotalense in 879. for the Election of Boson King of Provence Arles and Burgundy Mante Medunta commonly Epitheted la Jolie a City or great Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the Seyne in the very Borders of le vexin twelve Leagues beneath Paris to the West and sixteen above Roan to the South-East Philip II. King of France died here in 1223. It heretofore enjoyed the Honour of the Title of an Earldom and had a Cittadel which was destroyed by Henry IV. In 1376. Charles V. King of France Founded a Monastery of the Celestines in it besides which it is adorned with a Collegiate Church Mantonea a City in the Morea in Arcadia famous for the Death of Epaminondas the celebrated Thebean General in the year of Rome 391. It lies at the Foot of the Mountain Parthenius twenty five Miles from Megalopolis to the North and seven from Misitra to the North-West Now called Mandi or Mundi Mantoua Mantua a very ancient City in Lombardy in Italy built three hundred years before Rome It is the Capital of a Dukedom and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja but exempt from his Jurisdiction ever since 1453. A great and a magnificent City seated within the Bosom of a Lake of the same Name made by the River Menzo which contributes very much to its strength and security In 1629. it was taken by the German Imperial Forces and miserably impoverished but soon after restored to its Duke by the Interposition of the French Court It stands forty five Miles from Modena to the North twenty from Verona to the South and forty from Cremona to the East This was the Country of Virgil the great Latin Poet who Celebrates the Fertility of its Fields in his Georg. 2. And of Tasso the Italian In the year 1064. the Election of Pope Alexander II. to the See of Rome was confirmed in a Council here against Honorius II. an Antipope set up by the Emperor Henry IV. The Dukedom of Mantoua is bounded on the East by that of Ferrara on the North by the Territories of Verona and Brescia on the West by Cremona and the Dukedom of Milan on the South by the Dukedoms of Modena and Mirandola Said to be equal together with Montisferat which belongs to this Duke to the Dukedom of Florence in extent but not in Revenue yet it is fruitful and abounds in Cattle This Dukedom fell first into the Family of Gonzaga which now possesseth it in 1328. Lewis I. of this Line then slaying Passavino the last of the Bonocelsi's in the Market-Place and assuming the Government into his own Hands as Lord of Mantoua John Francisco the Fifth of the Line was made Marquess of Mantoua by Sigismond the Emperor in 1433. Frederick II. the ninth of them was Created Duke by Charles V. in 1530. Charles III. is the eighteenth of this House and succeeded his Father Charles II. This Dukedom is thirty five Miles from North to South and fifty from East to West Manata the same with la Mancha Mar a County in the North-East part of Scotland extending in length from East to West sixty Miles partly mountainous and barren partly fruitful on the North it has Murray and Buchan on the East the German Ocean on the South Mern and Angus and on the West Athole The River Dee enricheth the South and the Done the North side of this County yet is there in it no Town of great Note Maracaibo or Marecaye a City in the Province of Venezuela in Castile d' Or in the South America upon a vast Lake of the same Name well built rich populous well traded and enjoying the Benefit of an excellent Port wherein the Spaniards build their Ships Maragnan Marahim Maranania an Island on the Coast of Brasil at the Mouth of the River Mirary which gives Name to the next Province to it This was once planted with French but in 1641. taken by the Hollanders and since retaken by the Portuguese There is in it a Town called S. Lewis with a Castle and altho but a small Place yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvador Long. 332. 40. Southern Lat. 02. 10. § The River Xauxa in Peru is also called El Vio Maragnon See Xauxa Marans a Town upon the River Sicur Niortoise in the pais d' Aulnis in France two Leagues from the Sea and four from Rochelle It stands in a Marsh hath a Castle and been often taken in the Wars by the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots Marasso C. Delle Cacca Haermaeum the most Western Cape in the Island of Sardinia lying Long. 32. 10. Lat. 41. 15. Marata a small Kingdom in North America placed by Sanson near the New Kingdom of Mexico and the Vermiglian Ocean Marathon Marason Marathona an ancient City of Attica in Greece famous in History for the Defeat given by Miltiades with his Army of twelve thousand Athenians to five hundred thousand Persians in the year of Rome 264. and the third of the seventy second Olympiad Marca
reduced to the quality of a Chorepiscopus In 1285. when Charles II. King of France was a Prisoner in the hands of the Arragonese another Council here assembled passed a Canon to command publick Prayers to be made for his Deliverance Rieti Reate a City in the Ecclesiastical State in Italy in the Province of Vmbria which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope upon the River Velino in the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples between Aquila to the East and Narni West twenty eight Miles from each and forty from Rome to the South Tho this City stands in a bad and unhealthful Air yet it is populous in a thriving State and of great Antiquity being mentioned by Strabo Ptolemy and Pliny Rieux Ruesium Rivi a small City in the Upper Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolouse upon the Garonne where it takes in the Rize in the Borders of Gascony seven Leagues from Tolouse to the South eight from de Foix to the South-West and eight from Lyons to the South-East Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1318 having been heretofore inclosed in the Diocese of Tolouse § There is a Seigniory in Bretagne called also Rieux which gives name to a Family of Honor there Riga Rigen a City of Livonia called by the Inhabitants Riig one of the Hanse Towns great strong rich and populous being the Capital of Livonia and an Archbishops See It has a large and safe Haven at the Mouth of the River Duna where it enters the Baltick Sea seven German Miles from Mittaw to the North twenty nine from Revel to the South and forty eight from Vilna in the Borders of Curland Built by Albert the Third Bishop of Livonia in 1196 others say in the year 1186 by one Bertold an Abbot In the year 1215 it was made an Archbishops See by Pope Innocent III. and the Metropolitan of all Livonia Prussia and Curland A great while the Seat of the Masters of the Knights of the short Sword in Livonia and afterwards of the Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia who divided the Sovereignty and Administration of Justice with the Archbishop in this City till the Reformation which excluded both of them In the year 1561 it willingly submitted to the Crown of Poland In the year 1605. it was in vain besieged by Charles IX King of Sweden nor had he better success in the second Siege in 1609. Charles Gustavus Adolphus his Son in the year 1621 took it and ever since the Swedes have possessed it neither were the Moscovites sitting down before it some years ago able to take it It is seated in a spatious pleasant fruitful Valley a quarter of a League over fortified to Land with six Regular Bastions Counterscarps Palisadoes and Half-Moons by the Swedes in the year 1633. It s Traffick with the English Dutch Germans and Moscovites is so great that it has almost as many Ships as Houses and so abounding with Provisions that an Ox may be bought for three Crowns Their Religion is the strict Lutheran and no other allowed they speak both the Curland and Sclavonian Tongue tho they generally understand the High Dutch too their Publick Acts and Statutes being expedited in that letter Language Thus far Olearius Long. 47. 57. Lat. 57. 35. Rigi Volerius a River in the Island of Corsica Rignano Arinianum a Town belonging to the Falisci an ancient People of Hetruria which is now only a Castle in S. Peters Patrimony on an Hill one Mile from the Tiber and twenty one from Rome to the North. It is honored with the Title of a Dukedom tho there are but few Inhabitants in it Rille Risela a small River in Normandy which arising by Seez and flowing North watereth Aigle Rugles Lyre and at Beaumont le Roger takes in the Charante and separating Lisieux from the County of Roanois falls into the Seyne above Honfleur three Leagues to the East Rimini Ariminum a City in Romandiola which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It is a neat populous City in a fruitful Plain upon the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea at the Mouth of the River Mareochia Ariminus over which it has a Bridge built with great Art by Augustus Caesar but the Haven is almost choaked with Sand. This City stands between Bononia to the West and Ancona to the East twenty five Miles from Ravenna to the North-East and a little more from Vrbino to the North. The Via Flaminia made by the old Romans with so much Expence ended at the Bridge of this City and the Aemilian began here which went to Piacenza The Inhabitants were very faithful to the Romans under the Distresses brought upon them by the Victorious Arms of Hannibal in the second Punick War The taking it by Julius Caesar was the first Act of the Civil War between him and Pompey Being destroyed by the Dalmatians it was rebuilt by Dioclesian In the times of Justin it sustained a Siege from the Goths In the year 359 here was a famous Arrian Council of above four hundred Bishops held under Constantius the Emperor who found means to gain a general Subscription to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Arrian Opinions even from those who were not Arrians In after times it was subject to the Family of Malatesta who adorned it with noble and magnificent Palaces Before this it had been subject to the Lombards and Franks The first of the Malatesta's obtained it from Otho the Third in the year 1002. This Family is no more mentioned till the year 1348 which is on another occasion too The same continued till about the year 1522 when Pandulfus the last of this House being hardly laid at by Pope Alexander VI. sold it to the Venetians out of whose Hands Pope Julius II. recovered it the last mentioned year In the year 1527. it was again surprised by Pandulphus whilst Pope Clement was besieged by the Forces of Charles V. But this Possession was short and Pandulphus dying in great Poverty at Ferrara that noble Family which had produced so many learned Men and good Generals was extinct The Church has ever since enjoyed this City it has many remains of Roman Antiquity and amongst them a rare Triumphal Arch built in Honor of Augustus beside the Ruins of a sine Theatre Long. 35. 37. Lat. 43. 51. Ringwood a Market Town in Hampshire upon the River Avon The Capital of its Hundred Rio Grande a vast and rapid River in Castile d'Or in South America made by the Conjunction of Rio Cauca or Rio grande de Santa Martha which ariseth in the Province of Popayan in the Terra sirma with the Rio grande de la Madalena which springs out of the new Kingdom of Granada having this name given it by the Spaniards because they discovered the mouth of it upon S. Magdalen's Day as the other that of Santa Martha from its flowing along the Province of the same name These two Rivers unite in
they oppressed this Nation for many Ages and so harrassed them that no account can be given of the times when the Reigns of their Princes began or ended John XI was the first who began to enfranchise these Countries from the Servitude of the Tartars which they had so long groaned under John Basilovitz the 4th of this Race who began his Reign very young in 1540. ended it by the Conquest of the Tartars and all the petty Princes which had till then reigned in several parts of this Empire This was the cruellest Tyrant that any Age has produced and died as wretchedly as he lived in 1584. Foedor Juanovits his Son succeeded him at the Age of twenty two years he was a perfect natural Fool. There was another Brother called Demetrius of nine years of Age which had more sense But Boris who managed all this under Foedor caused Demetrius to be Murthered In 1597. Foedor dying suddenly without Children Boris was Elected and soon after Deposed in favour of a Counterfeit Demetrius brought in by the Poles after which followed nothing but Calamities and Confusions till in 1615. or as others say in 1612 one Michael Fedrovizt Son of Foedor Nikitis a Kinsman far removed of John Basilovitz was chosen by the Body of this Nation Emperor of Muscovy This Prince settled this vast Empire governed it with more Justice Clemency Prudence and Piety than all his Predecessors had used and at last died in great Honor July 12. 1645. To him Succeeded Alexius his Son The two Princes which some few years since ascended the Throne together are of the same Race Red Russia is a Province under the Crown of Poland sometimes called the Proper Russia and Roxolania it lies extended towards the South between Poland properly so called and Muscovy This contains the Palatinates of Russia properly so called Podolia Volhinia Belza Braslaw Kiovia and the Territory of Chelm being that part of Russia which as I said before was Conquered by the Poles and by Casimir II. in 1342. united for ever to Poland White Russia is a very confiderable Province under the Crown of Poland and so called because it was of old a part of Muscovy or Russia it is divided into six Palatinates which are Novogrod Miscislaw Witebsko Minskie Polokie and Smolenskie This last Palatinate has been recovered in latter times by the Russ and is not now under the Poles Russia properly so called Russi Rutheni is a Province of Poland and a part of Red Russia which has Poland on the West Volhinia and Podolia on the East the Territories of Culm and Belsia on the North and the Carpathian Hills dividing it from Hungary and Transylvania to the South the Capital of it is Lemburgh Some give this Province the name of Black Russia Rustan Rustanus Ager a small Territory in the Province of Bigorre in Aquitain in France near the River Arroux and S. Severe Ruthen a Market Town in Denbyshire in Wales The Capital of its Hundred Rutlandshire Rutlandia is the least of all the Counties of England Bounded on the North by Lincolnshire on the East and South by Northamptonshire divided from it by the River Weland and on the West by Leicestershire its greatest length is from North to South not full twelve Miles from East to West hardly nine and its circumference about forty The Air is temperate serene and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful in Corn and Pasturage especially about the Vale of Catmoss Woods and pleasant Springs are plentiful enough of the latter the Weland and the Wash are the principal so that it wants nothing This County was a part of the Lands possessed by the Coritani before the Roman Conquest and was Conquered by P. Ostorius in the Reign of Claudian the Emperor Afterwards it made a part of the Kingdom of Mercia and now is in the Diocese of Peterborough There are but forty eight Parishes and two Market-Towns in it Okeham being the Shire Town and Vppingham the other In 1390. Edward Plantagenet eldest Son of Edmund Duke of York In 1326 Richard second Brother of the said Edward and in 1450. Edmund Plantagenet second Son of Richard Duke of York all of the Royal Family successively were Earls of this County But in 1525. Thomas Mannors Lord Roos of Hamlake Tresbut and Belvoir Descended by the Lady Ann his Mother from the said Richard Duke of York was Created Earl of Rutland by Henry VIII in 1325. whose Posterity enjoy this Honor to this day John the twelfth of this Family succeeding John his Father in the year 1679. Rutuli an ancient People of Latium in Italy Ardea was their Capital City Ruvo Rubi a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari a small but spruce and populous City about seventeen Miles from Bari to the West Horace mentions it in his Satyrs Inde Rubos fessi pervenimus c. Rye a member of the Cinque Ports upon the edge of the County of Sussex towards Kent in Hastings Rape situated at the fall of the Rother into the Sea where it hath a convenient Haven especially for a ready passage to Diepe in Normandy It returns two Members to the Lower House of Parliament The Fishermen take excellent Herrings here S A. SAada a City in the Happy Arabia perhaps of old called Sabatha it stands in the inland parts of that Country three hundred Miles from Aden to the North. If it is Sabatha its Long. is 76. 00. Lat. 16. 56. Saal Sala a River in Germany called by the French Sale It ariseth in Franconia over against the Nab and the Mayn and flowing through Thuringia it watereth Saalfeld and Jena then entering Misnia and passing by Naumburgh Mersburgh and Hall and being in this passage swelled by many smaller Rivers it falls at last into the Elbe beneath Bernburgh in the Vpper Saxony four Miles from Magdeburgh to the South Saan Savaria a River of Stiria Saare See Sare Saba supposed to be the same with Meroe in Aethiopia § One of the Charibye Islands in America under the Hollanders and near S. Christophers is likewise called by this name Sabaro Sybaris a River in Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples others call it Cochile and say it falls into the Bay of Taranto near Morano Sabaria a Town of the ancient Pannonia in Hungary the native place of S. Martin of Tours It is not certainly known where it is some conjecturing it to be one place and some another Sabini an ancient People of Latium in Italy whose memory is still preserved in the name of a Province now in the States of the Church called Terra Sabina which contains a part of the Territory heretofore belonging to them the Capital whereof was Cures There is a Monastery in this Territory honoured with a Bishop's See under the Title of the Bishop of Sabina and in the years 1590. 1593. 1595. c. Synodal Constitutions were published by the then Bishops bearing the same
and in 1546. kept in it a Chapter of the Order of the Golden Fleece It had then 4 Collegiate Churches divers Abbeys and Ecclesiastical Houses But in 1577. they with the rest of Holland revolted from the Spaniards In 1559. it had been advanced to an Archbishoprick by Pope Paul IV. and nine Suffragan Bishops assigned to this See which was one of the occasions of the Revolt In 1636. it was made an University and in 1672. it fell for a short time into the hands of the French but is since returned to its former liberty the Learned Dr. Brown has given a short account of the present State of this City in his Travels Pag. 101. Long. 26. 26. Lat. 52. 10. The State of Vtretcht Sticht van Utretcht is the fifth of the Vnited Provinces Bounded South West and North with Holland and on the East by Guelderland Besides its Capital it has Wick the Seat of the Bishops Duerstede Rhenen Amersford and Monfort which are fortified strong places and about sixty great Villages Uulxin the same with Veuxin Uxbridge a large Market Town in the Coun. of Middlesex in the Hundr of Elt horn upon the River Coln Uzerche Vsarcha Vsarchia a Town in the Lower Limosin in Aquitain in France upon the River Vezere adorned with an Abbey and a Castle The Abbot is Lord of the Town Uzes Vcetia Vtica Vzetia Castrum Vseticense a City of the Lower Languedoc in France upon the River Eisent which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne and honored with the Title of a Dukedom by King Charles VI. after it had born the Titles first of both a Barony and a Viscounty The Bishop enjoys the Honor to be a Count and joynt Lord of the place with the King Therefore it hath three Castles for the King the Duke and the Bishop A rich populous and well traded City John de S. Gelais its Bishop in the last Age embraced the Reformed Religion and married an Abbess 't is said he abjured it again before his death and was buried in the Abbey of S. Maixant In 1635. there was a Synod held here It stands 3 Leagues from Nismes to the North and 6 from Avignon to the West Long. 25. 10. Lat. 43. 36. Vzeste a Castle in the Territory of Bazadois in Guyenne in France betwixt Bourdeaux and Bazas Remarkable for the Tomb of Pope Clement V. sometime Archbishop of Bourdeaux who was born at Villandrand a Village one League from this Castle died at the Castle of Roque-Maure two Leagues from Avignon in 1314 and was interred here in 1316. WA WAad Vaudum a Territory in Switzerland called by the French Le Pais de Vaud which was a part of the Dutchy of Savoy till 1536. and now subject to the Canton of Berne It is bounded on the South by the Lake of Lemane on the West by Gex and the Franche Comte on the East by Berne on the North in part by Berne and in part by Friburgh The Capital of it is Lausanne The other good Towns are Avenches or W 〈…〉 purg Yverdon Mouldon and Nyon It is sometimes written Vault Wadstein a Town in the Province of Ostrogothia in Sweden Die Wael Helium Vahalis Vacalos the middle Branch of the Rhine which divides from it at Schencken a Fort beneath Emmeren and watering Nimmeguen Tiel and Bommel falls into the Maes above Gorcum a City of Holland Waga Vagus a River in Scandia Wageren Wagria or Wagerlandt a small Territory in Holland towards the Baltick Sea between Lubeck to the South and Kâ—el to the North. The Cities of it are Lubeck Oldesto Pâ—oen Segeberg and Oldenburg which are divided between the King of Denmark the Dukes of Holstein and the Bishop of Lubeck Wainfleet or Waynfleet a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the division of Lindsey and the Hundred of Chandleshow upon a Wash in a fenny gound which empties it self into the Sea not far from hence Made famous by giving Name and Birth to William of Waynfleet Bishop of Winchester the Founder of Magdalen College in Oxon and of a Free-School in this Town Wakefield a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Agbridge upon the River Calder here covered with a fair Stone Bridge which King Edward IV. adorned with a â—â—â—ely Chappel It is a large Town well built of Stone of good Antiquity and drives the Cloathing Trade Walachia Valachia a considerable Province of the Kingdom of Hungary called by the Germans Walachey by the Turks Iâ—â—akia and by the Poles Wolochy It is a part of the antient Dacia and stands now divided into the Provinces of Walachia and Moldavia of the latter I have spoken in its proper place The former is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Poland and Red-Russia on the East by Bessarabia on the South by Bulgaria separated from it by the Danube and by Moldavia which last also bounds it to the West It is much less than the Maps commonly make it also commonly misplaced and set where Moldavia should stand The History of it is delivered in Moldavia To which I shall only add here that after Mahomet IV. Emperor of the Turks was deposed and Solyman his Brother set up in his stead and that the Duke of Lorain had seized Transylvania the Prince and States of Walachia in 1687. and 88. rendered themselves under the Emperor's Protection upon condition That the Succession in the Government of that Principality shall be continued to the Heirs Male of the present Prince and the States be preserved in the Possession of their just Rights and Privileges paying to the Emperor the Annual Tribute of 50000 Crowns This Country extends from East to West 90 French Leagues from North to South 50 in form Triangular The Plains would be very fruitful if they were well cultivated but being little peopled much ravaged by the Turks and Tartars and lying in common they are over-run with Weeds for here is little or no Wood. The Mountains have rich Mines but they are as much neglected their Religion is that of the Greek Church The present Valvode is Matthis George Gista set up in 1658. by the late Sultan of the Turks Walcheten Valacria one of the Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which compose the Province of Zeland in the Vnited Netherlands It s Capital City is Middleburgh New Walcheren the same with Tabago Waldeck Valdecum a County in Hassia between Westphalia to the West Hassia to the East and South and Paderborne to the North under a Count of its own yielding Wine Corn and several sorts of Mines The principal places in it are Curback and Waldeck which last stands upon the Eder 5 German Miles from Cassel to the West and 7 from Marpurg to the North. Walden a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Vttlesford upon an Eminence likewise called Saffron-Walden from its situation amongst pleasant and profitable Fields of Saffron Walderswick a Sea Town in the County of Saffolk and