of the whole Realme and require some redresse and easement therein Moreouer it chanced that there was a great number of Lordes Knightes and Gentlemen assembled togither at Dunstable and Luyfon ââ¦stes and ââ¦ey apââ¦ted and ââ¦e Kings ââ¦maundeâ⦠disapââ¦ted to haue kepte a martiall Iustes and triumphant Torney but they had a countercommaundemente from the Kyng not to goe forwarde with the same whervpon when they were disappoynted of their purpose heerein Vpon occasion of their being altogither on the morrowe after the feast of Peter and Paule they sent from them Foulke Fitz Wareine ââ¦ke Fitz ââ¦ein comââ¦deth the ââ¦es Nuncio ââ¦oy de the ââ¦me to declare vnto master Martine the Popes Nuncio as then lodging at the Temple in London in name as it were of all the whole body of the Realme that he shoulde immediately departe out of the lande Foulke doing the message somewhat after a rough manner master Martine asked him what hee was that gaue foorth the saide commaundement or whether hee spake it of himselfe or from some other This coÌmaundement saith Foulke is sente to thee from all those Knightes and men of armes whiche lately were assembled togyther at Dunstable and Luyton Master Martin hearing this got him to the Court and declaring to the king what message hee had receyued required to vnderstand whether he was priuy to the master or that his people tooke vpon them so rashly without his authoritie or no. ãâã Kings ââ¦wers vnto Popes ââ¦cio To whome the King aunswered that he had not giuen them any authoritie so to commaunde him out of the Realm but indeede saith he my Barons do vnneth forbeare to rise against me bycause I haue mainteyned and suffered thy pilling and iniurious polling within this my Realme and I haue had much adoe to stay theÌ from running vpoÌ thee to pull thee in peeces Master Martin hearing these words with a fearefull voice besoughte the K. that hee mighte for the loue of God and reuerence of the Pope haue free passadge out of the Realme to whome the King in greate displeasure aunswered ââ¦t Paris â⦠VVest the Deuill that brought thee in carrie thee out euen to the pitte of hell for me At length yet when those that were about the kyng had pacified hym hee appoynted one of the Marischals of hys house cleped Roberte Northe or Nores to conduct him to the Sea syde The Popes Nuncio sent out of the Realme and so he did but not withoute greate feare sithence hee was afrayde of euery bushe least men shoulde haue risen vpon him and murthered him Wherevpon when he came to the Pope hee made a greeuous complaynte both againste the King and other The Church of Saint Peter at Westminster was enlarged and newly repaired by the Kyng Saint Peters Churche at Westminster specially all the East parte of it the olde walles beeing pulled downe and buylded vp in more comely forme The generall councell according to the summonance giuen was holden this yeare at Lyons where it began about Midsomer in y e which the English Ambassadors being arriued The English Ambassadors come to the Counsell presented to the Pope their letters directed froÌ y e whole body of y e Realm of EnglaÌd requiring a redresse in suche things wherewith as by the same letters it appeared the Realm fouÌd it selfe sore annoyed The Pope promised to take aduice therein but sith the matter was weighty it required respite Finally when they were earnest in requiring a determinate aunswere it was giuen them to vndestande that they should not obteyne their desires whervpon in great displeasure they came away threatning and binding their wordes with othes The Englishe Ambassadors threaten the Pope that hee should not haue any tribute out of Englande that from thencefoorthe they woulde neuer pay nor suffer to bee payde anye tribute to the Court of Rome nor permit the reuenewes of those Churches whereof they were patrones to be pulled away by any prouision of the same Court The Pope hearing of these things passed them ouer patiently but hee procured the English Bishops to set their Seales vnto that Charter whiche King Iohn had made concerning the tribute against the minde of the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury Stephen Langton who at that time when King Iohn should seale it spake sore against it When King Henry was enformed hereof he was greeuously offended and sware in a greate chafe that although the Bishops hadde done otherwise than they ought yet woulde hee stand in defence of the liberties of his Realm and would not so long as he had a day to liue day any duetie to the Court of Rome vnder the name of tribute In this meane while the Kyng with a puissante army inuaded the Welch Rebels Mat. Paris to reduce them to some quiet whereas with theyr continuall incursions and other exploytes they had sore hatried vexed and wasted the landes of the Kings subiectes Heerevpon the King being entred the Countrey inuaded the same The King inuadeth Wales He buildeth a Castell at Gannocke vnto the confynes of Snowdon and there he began to builde a stroÌg Castell at a place called Gannocke remayning there about the space of tenne weekes during the which the army suffered greate misery through want of vittayles and other prouisions namely apparrell and other helpes to defende themselues from colde which sore afflicted the souldiers and men of warre bycause they lay in the fielde and Winter as then began to approche Moreouer they were driuen to keepe watch and warde very strongly for doubt to bee surprised by suddayne assaultes of the enimies the which watched vpon occasion euer to doe some mischiefe The decesse of the Countesse of Oxford and of the Earle of Deuonshire The morrowe after the Purification of oure Lady Isabell de Boteber Countesse of Oxforde departed this life and likewise the morrowe after Saint Valentines day dyed Baldwine de Riuers Earle of Deuoushire and of the Wight Geffrey de Marche deceasseth Moreouer Geffrey de Marish a man sometime of great honor and possessions in Irelande after hee had remayned long in exile and suffered great miserie he ended the same by natural death The decesse of Raymond Erle ProuaÌce Also Raymond Earle of Prouance rather to the Queenes of Englande and Fraunce decessed this yeare for whome was kepte in Englande a most solemne obsequie The deceasse of the Lorde Humfreuille Also in the weeke after Palme Sunday dyed a right noble Baron and Warden of the North partes of England the Lorde Gilberte Humfreuille leauing behind him a yong sonne the custody of whome the King forthwith committed to the Earle of Leicester not withoute the indignation of the Earle of Cornewall who desired the same An. Reg. 30. Finally after that the Kyng had lââ¦n at Gannocke aboute the fortifying of the Castell there the space of tenne weekes and sawe the worke now fully finished hee appoynted foorthe suche as should lie there
after submitted himselfe Oconour submitteth himselfe to the Lorde Iustice and sent his sonne Cormacke to the Lorde Iustice as hostage for his future obedience and loyaltie to the king his highnesse Sir Anthonie Sentleger Lord deputie Sir VVilliam Brereton Lord high Marshall After this iourney was ended sir Anthonie Sentleger knight of the order was constituted Lord Deputie and sir William Brereton lord high Marshal who within one halfe yeare after he was preferred to be Marshall trauayling by the Lord Deputie his appointment to Limmerick to bring in Iames Erle of Desmond who stood vpon certaine tickle poyntes with the gouernor He dyeth ended his life in that iourney and lyeth entumbed at Kilkenny in the Chore of Saint Kenny his Church 1542 In the .xxxiij. yeare of the raigne of Henry the eight there was a Parliament holden at Dublin before sir Anthony Sentleger in which there passed An Act That the king and hys successors to be kings of Ireland For gray marchantes That the plaintife may abridge his plaint in assise That consanguinitie or affinitie being not within y e fifth degree shall be no principall chalenge That maketh it felony to any man to run away with his master his casket For the adnihilating of precoÌtracts in mariage For al Lordes to distreyn vpon the lands of them holden to make their auowrie not naming the tenant but their land For capacities For seruants wages For Iointenantes For recouerie in auoyding leases For Tythes For attournements This Parliament was proroged vntill the xv of Feb. after was continued at Limmerick before the said deputie at which time there past An Act For the adiournement of the Parliament and the place to holde the same and what persons shall bee chosen Knightes and Burgeses For the election of the L. Iustice Touching mispleading and ieoyfailes For landes giuen by the king For the suppression of Kilmainam and other religious houses This Parliament was likewise proroged and after was continued and holden before the sayde gouernour at Dublin 1543 the sixthe daye of Nouember in the .xxxiiij. yeare of the raigne of king Henry the eight wherein there passed An Act For the deuision of Meth into two shires For persons standing bounde in any Court for theyr apparaunce and being in seruice to bee discharged by writ This Parliament was further proroged vntill the .xvij. of Aprill and at that time before the sayd Gouernour it was holden and ended in which there passed an Act touching the manour and Castle of Dongaruan to be vnited and annexed to the crowne for euer To thys Parliament resorted dyuerse of the Irishe Lordes who submytting themselues to the Deputie hys mercy returned peaceably to their Countreyes But Iames Erle of Desmond sayled into Englande Iames ' Earle oâ⦠Desmonde and before the King and Counsayle purged himselfe of all suche Articles of treason as were falsly layd to his charge whose cleare purgation and humble submission the king accepted very gratefully Shortly after Desmond his returne homewarde Oneale Earle Tyron the great Oneale was created Earle of Tyron and his base sonne Mathewe Oneale Baron of Dongaruan For in those days Iohn Oneale commonly called Shane Oneale the onely sonne lawfully of his bodie begotten was little or nothing esteemed Oneale hauing returned to Irelande wyth this honour and the king his fauour Obreyne with certaine other Irishe Lordes sayled into Englande submitting theyr lyues and landes to the king his mercie This Obreyne was at that tyme created Earle of Clincare Obreyne created Earle of Clincare in which honour his posteritie hitherto resteth Shortly after the returne of these Lordes to their Countrey 1544 The Irish sent for to the fiââ¦stâ⦠of Bollongne King Henrie being fully resolued to besiege Bollongne gaue commaundement to sir Anthonie Sentleger deputie to leuie an armie of Irish men and with all expedition to sende them to England To these were appoynted Captaynes the Lord Power who after was dubt knight Surlock and Finglasse with diuerse others They mustred in Saint Iames his Parke seuen hundred In the siege of Bollongne they stoode the armye in verye good steade For they were not onely contented to burne and spoyle all the villages thereto adioyning but also they would raunge twentie or thirtie miles into the maine lande ââ¦heir policie in ââ¦eying for armie and hauing taken a Bull they vsed to tie him to a stake and scorching hym with fagottes they woulde force him to roare so as all the Cattell in the Countrey woulde make towardes the Bull all which they woulde lightly leade away and furnish the campe with store of bââ¦efe If they tooke anye Frenche man prysoner least they shoulde bee accounted couetous in snatching wyth them hys intyre bodye hys onelye raunsome shoulde bee no more but hys heade The French wyth this extraordinarie kind of warfarring astonyed sent an Ambassadour to King Henrie to learne whether he brought meane wyth hym or Diuelles that coulde neyther bee woonne wyth rewardes nor pacifyed by pitie whiche when the King had turned to a ââ¦east the French menne euer after if they coulde take anye of the Irishe scattering from the companie vsed fyrst to cutte off theyr genitours and after to tormente them with as greate and as lingring paine as they could deuise French chaââ¦ger vanquiââ¦ed After that Bollongne was surrendred to the King there encamped on the West syde of the Towne beyonde the Hauen an armye of French menne among whome there was a Thrasonicall Golias that departed from the armye and came to the brincke of the Hauen and there in letting and daring wise chalenged anye one of the Englishe armye that durst be so hardie as to bicker with him hand to hande And albecit the distaunce of the place the depth of the Hauen the nearnesse of hys companie emboldned him to thys chalenge more than any great valour or pithe that rested in him to indure a combate yet all this notwithstanding an Irishe manne named Nicholl Welshe Nichol VVelsh who after reteyned to the Earle of Kyldare loathing and disdeyning his prowde bragges flung into the water and swamme ouer the Ryuer fought wyth the chalenger stroke him for dead and returned backe to Bollongne wyth the Frenchman his heade in hys mouth before the armie coulde ouertake hym For which exployte as hee was of all his companie highly commended so by the Lieutenant he was bountifully rewarded 1545 The Earle of Lennox asââ¦ied by king Henrie Much aboute this tyme the Earle of Lennox verie wrongfully inquieted in Scotlande and forced to forsake his Countrey became humble peticioner to King Henrie as well to relieue him in his distressed calamitie as to coÌpasse the meanes how he might bee restored to his landes and liuing The King his highnesse mooued wyth compassion posted the Earle ouer to Irelande with letters of especiall trust commaunding sir Anthonie Sentleger then Deputie to assist and further the Scottish outcast with as puissant an
vniuersitas vestrae quòd nos recipimus in protectione custodia nostra totam terram Henrici Regis Angliae charissimi fratris nostri in cismarinis partibus sitam si contigerit eum in Angliam transfretare vel peregrê proficisci Itae plane vt quando balliui sui de terra transmââ¦rina nos requifierent bona fide sine malo tagenio eâ⦠consilium auxilium prastabimuâ⦠ãâã euisdem terrae defââsiââem protectionem Actââ apud Niciââââ¦as The Englishe whereof is thus Lewis King of Fraunce to all those to whom these present letters shall come Knowe all you that we haue receyued into our protection and custody all the landes of Henry K. of Englande our deere brother set and being in these parties of this side the sea if it chance him to passe ouer into England or to goe any way forth from home so that when his Bailifes of his lands on this hither side the Sea shall require vs wee shall help them and councell them faithfully and withoute male engine for defence and protection of the same laÌds Giuen at Nicens Shortly after King Henry returned into Englande from Normandy and at Woodstocke made his sonne Geffrey Knighte This yeare Pope Alexander sente into all partes Legates to summon the Bishops and Prelates to a generall Counsell to be holden at Rome in the beginning of the Lent in the yeare next following A general couÌsel summoned at Rome There came therefore two Legates into England the one named Albert de Suma who had in commission to summon them of EnglaÌde and Normandy and the other was cleped Pietro di Santa Agatha appoynted to summon them of Scotland Ireland and the Iles about y e same wherevpon obteyning licence to passe through the King of Englands dominions he was constreyned to sweare vpon the holy Euangelists that hee shoulde not attempt any thing in his Legateship that might be hurtfull to the King or his Realm and that he should come and visit the King again as hee returned homewards This yeare on the sunday before the natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist being the eighteenth of Iune Gerua Dorâ⦠after the setting of the Sunne there appeared a maruellous sighte in the aire vnto certaine persons that beheld the same For whereas the newe Moone shone foorth very faire with his horns towardes the east A strange sight about the Moone straighte wayes the vpper horne was deuided into two out of the middes of whiche deuision a brenning brand sprang vp caââ¦ting from it a farre off coales and sparkes as it had bin of fire The body of the Moone in the meanetime that was beneath ⪠seemed to wrast and writh in resemblance like to an adder or snake that had bin beaten and anone after it came to the olde state agayne This chanced aboue a dosen times and at length from horne to horne it became halfe blacke In September following the Moone beyng about seuen and twentith dayes olde at sixe of the clocke the Sunne was eclipsed not vniuersally A straÌge eclips of the Sunne but particularly for y e body thereof appeared as it wer horned shoting y e hornes towards y e West as the moone doth being twentie dayes olde The residue of the compasse of it was couered with a blacke roundell whiche comming downe by little and little threw about the horned brightnesse that remained til both the hornes came to hang down on eyther side to the earthwards and as the blacke roundell went by little and little forwardes the hornes at length were turned towards the West and so the blacknes passing away the sunne receiued hir brightnesse againe In the meane time the aire being ful of cloudes of diuers coulours as red yellow greene and pale holp y e peoples sight with more ease to discerne the maner of it An. Reg. 25. Rog. Houe 1179 A strange wonder The K. thys yeare held his Christmas at Winchester at whiche time newes came abroade of a great wonder that hadde chaunced at a place called Oxenhale within y e Lordship of Derlington in which place a part of the earth lifted it selfe vp on height in apparance like to a mighty Tower and so it remained from nine of the clocke in the morning till the euen tyde and then it fell downe with an horrible noise so that all suche as were neighbours thereabout were put in great feare That peece of earth with the fall was swallowed vp leauing a greate deepe pitte in the place as was to bee seene many yeares after Laurence Archbishop of Dublin and Catholicus the Archbishoppe Tuamon with fiue or sixe other Irish Bishops and diuers both Byshoppes and Abbots of Scotlande passed through England towardes the generall counsell and withall tooke their oth that they shoulde not procure anye domage to the Kyng or Realme of Englande There went but only foure Bishops out of England to witte Hugh Putsey or Pudsey Byshop of Durham Iohn Bishop of Norwich Reignald Bishop of Bath and Robert Bishop of Hereford beside Abbots for the English Bishoppes firmely stoode in it that there ought but four Bishops only to goe foorth of England to any generall councell called by the Pope Richard de Lucy Lord chiefe Iustice of Englande deceasseth This yeare after Richard de Lucy Lord chiefe Iustice of England gaue ouer his office and became a Chanon in the Abbey of Westwood or Lesnos which he had founded built vppon his owne ground endowing it with great reuenewes and in Iuly after he dyed there A Parliament at Windsoââ After whose decesse King Henry the father called a Parliamente at Windsore at the whiche was present King Henry the sonne and a greate number of Lords Earles and Barons At this Parliament order was taken for pertition of y e Realm so that it was deuided into foure partes certayne sage personages being alotted vnto euery part to gouerne the same Ranulfe de Glanuille but not by the name of Iustices albeit that Ranulfe de Glanuille was made ruler of Yorkshire and authorised Iustice there as he that best vnderstood in those dayes the auncient lawes and customes of the Realme The eighteene day of August the Moone was eclipsed The Moone eclipsed The French K. commeth a madding to visit the Archbishop Beckets tombe which was seene of King Henry and hys company as he rode all that night towards Douer there to meete the Frenche King that was coÌmââ¦ng towards England to visit the tombe of the Archbishop Thomas Becket as hee hadde before time vowed He landed at Douer the .22 daye of August There came ouer with him Henry Duke of Louayne Philip Earle of Flaunders Baldwine Earle of Guines Erle William de Mandeuille and dyuers other Earles Lordes Barons and Knightes King Henry was ready to receyue him at the water side and the morrowe after broughte hym with greate honor vnto Canterbury where they were with due reuerence and vnspeakeable ioy receiued of the Archbishop Richard and diuers
tempest of winde rayne hayle and thunder chaunced that dyd exceeding much sââ¦ath Milnâ⦠ãâã by the violence of waters were carried away and the wind nulles were no lesse tormented with the rage of winde arches of bridges shackes of ââ¦ay houses that stoode by water sides and children in cradleâ⦠were borne away that both wonderfull and no lesse pitifull it was to see It ââ¦edââ¦d the riuer of Dusâ⦠dare downe sixe houses togither ãâã did ãâã thereaboutes vnspeakeable The Kyng of Scottes Alexander the thyrde with hys wife Queene Margaret The King of Scottes commeth into Englands came aboute the beginning of August into England and fofâ⦠the Kyng at hys manor of Wodstocke where he sported him a season and had the landes of the Earledome of Huntington restored vnto him which his Graundfather Kyng William in his time lost and forfeyted Heere hee dyd homage to Kyng Henry VpoÌ the day of the decollatioÌ of Saint Iohn the two Kynges with their Queenes came to London where they were honorably receyued and so conueyed vnto Westminster ãâã deuiâ⦠the ââ¦rance of ââ¦fes A foure dayes before the feast of Saint Edwarde Kyng Henry came into the Escheker himselfe and there deuised order for the appearaÌce of Sherifes and bringing in of theyr accomptes ãâã Sherifes ãâã At the same time also there was fiue markes set on euery Sherifes head for a fyne bycause they had not distreyned euery person that myght dispende fifteene pound land to receyue the order of Knighthoode as was to the same Sherifes coÌmaunded The K. of Scottes The King of Scottes returneth into his countrey after he had remayned a while with the K. of England returned back into Scotlande and left his wife behinde with hir mother ãâã she should be brought to bed for shee was as then great with childe In the 41. yere of the raigne of K. Henry An. Reg. 41. Richard Earle of Cornewall elected Emperoure hys brother Richard Earle of Cornewall was elected Emperoure by one parte of the Coruosters and diuers Lords of Almayne comming ouer into thys land vppon the day of the Innocents in Christmas 1257 presented vnto him letters from the Archb. of Colen other gret Lords of Almaine testifying their coÌsents in y e choosing of him to be Emperour and withal that it might stand with his pleasure to accept that honor Finally vppon good deliberation had in the matter he consented therevnto wherevpon the Lords that came with the message right glad of their aunswere returned with all speed to signifie the same vnto those from whome they had bin sent The greate treasure of Richard king of Almayne The treasure of this Earle Richarde now elected King of Almaine was esteemed to amouÌt vnto such a summe that he mighte dispend euery day an hundred markes for the tearme of tenne yeares togither not reconing at all the reuenewes which dayly acerewed to him of his rents in Almayne and Englande In thys meane tyme the vnquiet WelchmeÌ after the death of their Prince Dauid chose in his steede one Lewline The Welchmen choose them a gouernour and rebell againste the King that was sonne to the same Griffyne that brake his necke as hee would haue escaped out of the Tower of London and heerewith they began a new Rebellion either driuing out suche Englishmen as lay there in garrisons within the Castels and fortresses or else entring into the same by some trayterous practise they slewe those which they found within them to the greate displeasure of their soueraigne Lorde Edward the Kings eldest sonne who coneting to be reuenged of their Rebellious enterprises coulde not bring his purpose to passe by reason of the vnseasonable weather and continuall rayne whiche fell that Winter so reysing the waters ãâã setting the Marishes on studdes that hee coulâ⦠not passe with his army Nic. Triuet Stephen Bauzan alias Baucan Kyng Henry beeing heereof aduertised sente with all speede Stephen Bauzan a man ryght skilfull in feates of warre with a greate number of Souldiers into Wales against those Rebells he comming into that countrey and entring into the lands of a Welch Lord named Lise ââ¦ghhan was entrapped by suche bustimentes as hys enimies sayde for hym and thereby was slayne with the more pain of his army This ouerthrowe chaunced by the treason of Griffin de Brunet Eigâ⦠cuâ⦠ãâ¦ã the whiche at that present reuolting from the Englishe side to his countrey men instructed them in all things howe they might vanquish their enimies And at that time Norâ⦠and Souââ¦wales iâ⦠togither league Northwales and Southwales ioyned in league and friendly aââ¦mie togither whiche commonly was not seene in those dayes they being for the more parte at variance the one rather seeking still how to endomage the other but nowe in defence of their liberties as they pretended they agreed in one The Kyng woulde fayne haue hadde them foorth that hee myght haue punished them according to their desertes and therefore to bring hys purpose the better to passe he sent for an army of Souldiers into Ireland and tarried for theyr coÌmyng at the Castell of Brecknocke but the yeare was farre spente ere his people could he gathered so that by the aduice of his Lords hee strengthned certayne Castels and so returned for that yeare into England ãâã Lorde ââ¦timer the ââ¦gs Lieuteââ¦t in ââ¦es ââ¦dor leauing the Lorde Roger Mortimer for his Lieutenaunt in Wales to resist the Rebels But now to speake of other doings whiche chaunced in the meane while that the warres thus continued betwixt Englande and Wales ââ¦egate ââ¦n Rome Yee shall vnderstand that in the Lent season the Archbyshoppe of Messina came as Legate from the Pope hyther into England with letters of procuration to demaund and receyue and also with power to punishe suche as should denie and seeme to resist and so beeyng heere arriued with a greate trayne of seruauntes and Horses he sent foorthe his commaundements in writing to euery prelate to prouide him money by way of proxie so that of the house of Saint Albons and of the Celles that belonged therevnto he had one and twentie markes and when the Monkes of Saint Albons came to visit him in his house they coulde not bee permitted to depart but were kept as prisoners till they had satisfied hys couetous demaund for whereas they alledged that they had not brought any money with them hee asked theÌ why they were such beggers and further sayd sende ye there to some Marchaunt that will lende to you money and so it was done for otherwise they might not haue libertie to depart This Archbyshop was of the order of the Fââ¦ers preachers Mat. Paris in whome saith Mathew Paris we had hoped to haue found more abundant humilitie About the same time A new order of Friers there appeared at London a new order of Friers not knowen all those dayes hauing yet the Popes autentike Bulleâ⦠which they openly shewed so that
Roger Mortymer after that the Scottes had bin kepte within their lodgings for the space of fifteene dayes till they were almoste famished they did not onely fynd a way out but about two hundred of them vnder the leading of the Lorde William Douglas Froissart The lorde Douglas assayling th part of the English campe where the kings Tentestoode in the night season missed not muche of eyther taking the King or sleayng hym And hauing done hurte ynough other wayes as in the Scottishe Chronicle is also touched they followed their companye and with them retourned into Scotlande wythoute impeachement It is sayde that Henry Earle of Lancaster and Iohn the lord Beaumont of Heynalt wold gladly haue passed ouer the water of Wyre to haue assayled the Scots but the Erle of March through counsell of the Lord Mortimer pretending to haue right to the leading of the fore ward and to the giââ¦yng the of on set firste woulde not suffer them Howe soeuer it was the Kyng missed hys purpose and right pensiue therfore brake vp his fielde and retourned vnto London Walter Bishoppe of Canterburie departed this lyfe in Nouember and then Simon Mephanâ⦠was aduaunced to the gouernemente of that sea In the seconde yeare of his reigne aboute the feast of Pentecost An. reg 2. A parliament ââ¦e Northampââ¦on king Edward helde a parliament at Northampton at the which parliament by euill and naughtie counsell whereof the lord Roger Mortymer and the Queene mother bare the blame A dishonourable peace the Kyng concluded wyth the Scottishe King both an vnprofitable and a dishonorable peace For firste hee releassed to the Scottes their feaustie and homage Also hee delyuered vnto them certayne olde aunciente writings sealed with the seales of the Kyng of Scottes and of dyuers Lordes of the lande both Spirituall and Temporall Amongest the whyche was that Indenture Ragman whyche they called Ragman with many other Charters and patents by the which the kinges of Scotlande were bounde as feodaries vnto the Crowne of Englande R. Fabian Caxton at whiche season also were deliuered certain Iewels which before tyme had beene wonne from the Scottes by Kynges of Englande and among other The blacke Crosse the blacke Crosier or Roode is specially named And not onely the King by his sinister counsell loste suche ryghte and title as he had to the realme of Scotlande so farre as by the same Counsell myght bee deuysed but also the Lordes and Barons and other menne of England that had any lands or rents within Scotlande loste theyr ryghte in lyke manner except they woulde dwell vppon the same landes and become liege menne to the Kyng of Scotlande A marriage concluded Herevppon was there also a marryage concluded betwyxte Dauid Bruce the sonne of Robert Bruce king of Scotland and the Ladie Iane sister to king Edwarde whiche of diuers writers is surnamed Ioan of the Tower and the Scots surnamed hir halfe in derision Ione make peace Ioan make peace This marriage was solemnised at Berwike vpon the day of Mary Magdalen The Queene with the Bishops of Elye Norwich the Erle Warreyn R. Southwell the Lorde Mortimer and diuers other Barons of the lande and a great multitude of other people were presente at that marriage whyche was celebrate wyth all honoure that might bee The VVals Adam Merimouth Polidore Creations of Earles After the Quindene of Saincte Michael K. Edwarde helde a parliamente at Salisbury in whiche the Lorde Roger Mortymer was created Earle of Marche the Lorde Iohn of Eltham the kings brother was made erle of Cornwall and the Lorde Iames Butler of Ireland Erle of Ormonde who aboute the same tyme had marryed the Earle of Herefordes daughter But the Earle of March tooke the most part of the rule of all things perteyning eyther to the King or realme into his owne handes The Earle of Marche ruleth all thinges at his pleasure So that the whole gouernment rested in a maner betwixt the Queene mother and hym The other of the Counsell that were first appoynted were in maner displaced for they bare no rule to speake of at all whiche caused no small grudge to arise against the Queene and the sayd Erle of March who maynteyned suche portes Caxton and kept among them suche retinue of seruauntes that their prouision was wonderfull whiche they caused to be taken vp namely for the Queene at the kinges price to the sore oppression of the people which tooke it displeasauntly ynough The Earle of Lancaster There was lyke to haue growen great varyance betwixte the Queene and Henrye Earle of Lancaster by reason that one sir Thomas Wither a knighte pertayning to the sayde Earle of Lancaster Robert Hollande ââ¦yââ¦e had slayne Robert Holland who had betrayed sometyme Thomas Earle of Lancacaster and was after committed to pryson by Earle Henries meanes but the Quene had caused hym to be set at libertie and admitted him as one of hir counsell The Queene would haue had sir Thomas Wither punished for the murther but Erle Henry caused him to bee kepte out of the way so that for these causes and other the Earle Henry of Lancaster went about to make a rebellion and the Queene hauing knowledge thereof sought to apprehende hym but by the mediation of the Earles Marshall and Kent The Archbish. of Canterburye vvas the chieââ¦e procurer of the agreement and reconciliation of the erle at Merââ¦outh hath the matter was taken vp and Erle Henry hadde the kings peace granted him for the summe of xi M. pound which he should haue payde but he nââ¦er payde that fine thoughe it was so assessed at the time of the agreemente There were diuers lordes and great men that were confederated with hym the lord Thomas Wake Aâ⦠ãâã the lorde Henry Beaumount the Lorde Foulke Fitz Warreyn Sir Thomas Rosselyn Sir William Trussell and other to the number of an hundred Knightes In the third yeare of his reigne 1329 An. reg â⦠about the Ascention tyde King Edwarde wente ouer into Fraunce and comming to the Frenche Kyng Philyp de Valoys as then being at Aââ¦yens did there his homage vnto him for y e duchie of Guyenne as in the Frenche historie appeareth The same yeare Simon the Archebishoppe of Canterburie held a Synode at London wherin all those were excommunicated that were guyltie to the death of Walter Stapleton Bishop of Excester that had bin put to deth by the Londoners as in the last kings tyme ye haue heard This Bishop of Excester founded Excester colledge in Oxford and Harts hall But nowe to the purpose The king aboute the beginning or as other haue about the middle of Lent Tho. VVeâ⦠held a parliameÌt at Winchester during the whiche Edmunde of Woodstock erle of Kent R. Soâ⦠the kings Vncle was arrested the morow after Saint Gregories day Addition to Meâ⦠and being arraigned vpon certayne confessions and letters founde about him he
spoyled diuerse places and with their prisoners booties returned withoute receyuing any hurt bringyng with them into Fraunce both riche spoyles and good prisoners But to returne to the Erle of Buckingham where we left The English army drew stil towards Brytaine but with so small doubt of their aduersaries y t they lay three or foure days sometimes still in one place At their approching to the marches of Brytain The Englishe ãâã coueth into Britaine they came to Vytry a town situate at the first entring into that Countrey and from thence went to Chateau Briant and there rested whither came to theÌ certaine knights sent from the Duke of Brytayne whiche signified to the Earle of Buckingham what the Dukes meaning was In deede by the death of the French king the Dukes malice was greatly abated towarde the Frenchmen so that hee had not much passed if the Englishmen had beene at home againe Moreouer his townes were not determined to receyue the Englishe men as enimies to the crowne of Fraunce so that he was in a perplexity how to order his businesse At leÌgth to shew himselfe a stedfast friend to the EnglishmeÌ one that was no chaungeling he determined by their support to force all those to allow the league whiche he had established with the Englishmen whiche had denyed to beare armour agaynst the crowne of Fraunce And fyrst bycause they of Nauntes were the ringleaders of that rebellious demeanour he appoynted fyrst to besiege theyr Citie ââ¦anets besieged by the Englishmen They hauing knowledge thereof sente into Fraunce for ayde The Dukes of Anion Berry Burgoigne and Burbon brethren to the late King and vncle to his sonne the yong king hauing the gouernaunce of the Realme vnder him sent sixe hundred Speares with all speede to strengthen them of Nauntes whiche defended the Citie in suche wise from the puyssaunce of the Englishe men which enuironed the same wyth a strong siege that in the ende bycause the Duke came not to them according to his promise the siege was raysed the morrowe after New yeares day The siege at Naunts broken vp two Monethes and foure dayes after the same was first layde The Duke of Brytayne woulde gladly haue come to the siege of Nauntes in strengthning of the English host but he could not perswade hys Lordes to ayde hym in any such enterprise And therefore now that the Erle of Buckingham had broken vp his siege he caused him to be lodged in the Citie of Vannes and his men abrode in the Countrey some here and some there acquiting himselfe as well towardes them as he might but surely the hearts of the Britains were woÌderfully changed in no wise would coÌsent to haue any warre with the Frenchmen if any reasonable peace might be coÌcluded For many that hated y e father bare good will heartie loue towardes the sonne whose yong yeares and great towardnesse allured the heartes of manye to wishe him well Herevpon was mean made for a peace A peace betwixt the French king the Duke of Britaine which by the duke of Aniou his consent who bare the greatest rule in Fraunce in that season a final accord was made betwixt the yong king and the Duke of Brytaine so that the Duke shoulde come and do his homage vnto the French king The Articles of the peace and sweare to be true and faythfull vnto him Also that hee should rid the Englishmen out of his Countrey and helpe them with shippes and vessels to transport them home into Englande The Earle of Buckingham when he vnderstood of this peace was not a little displeased in his minde considering that the Duke of Brytaine had delt so vniustly with him and hys nephew the king of Englande But the duke styll excused him by his subiects as though if hee had not thus agreed he shoulde haue bene in daunger to haue loste his heritage of that Countrey Finally the Earle after he had shippes prouided for his passage the .xj. of Aprill departed out of Vannes and went to the hauen where hys Shippes lay and so went abourde in lyke maner as other of his men did from other Hanens and shortly after when the wind serued tooke the sea The Erle of Buckingham returned into Englande and returned into Englande sore displeased with the duke of Britaine for his great vntruth dissimulation as he tooke it notwithstanding all excuses to cloke the matter by him alledged They returned by Carleil but bearing that there were gotten into it a great number of men out of the Countreyes adioyning they durste not staye to make anye attempt agaynste that towne but compassed theyr way to escape with theyr booties home into theyr Countrey whiche they did although they lost some of theyr companie as they passed by an embushment of certaine archers of Westmerlande and Cumberland that were layd for them of purpose When the Earle of Northumberland woulde haue gone forth to reuenge those iniuries done to the Countrey by the Scots he was written to from the king and his counsaile to forbeare till the day of truce at what time it might be known what was further to be done in the matter An army lyngring in the North partes greatly enpouerisheth the country About Michaelmas the Duke of Lancaster the Erles of Warwike and Stafforde with other Lordes and men of honour hauing with theÌ a great power of Souldiers and men of warre went into the North parties and coÌming to the borders they lay there till they had consumed no small summes of money endomaged the country as much as if the Scottish army had inuaded the same The good they did was that after long treatie with the Scottish CoÌmissioners a ââ¦ruce was agreed vpon till Easter folowing which being concluded they returned home without any more adoe For the space of halfe a score yeares togither nowe last past Aditâ⦠Adam Meâ⦠the Englishe men euerie yere had one or two such treaties with the Scots about the incursions and roades which they yerely made into the English borders sore endomaging the inhabitants of those north partes of the realme notwithstanding any truce or abstinence of warre that might be coÌcluded Whilest the armie as ye haue heard lay idle in the north partes there were certaine letters founde by a poore man about London who deliuered them vnto y e worthy Citizen Iohn Philpot Treason in letters ãâã by Sir Raufe Ferrers ââ¦taine French Lordes who calling vnto him certain other worshipfull Citizens opened one of theÌ in which was conteyned matter of high treason and perceyuing by the seale that it belonged vnto sir Raufe Ferrers knight one of the kings priuie counsail deliuered that letter with foure other letters closed with the same seale first to the Lord Chancellor and after to the king the which being read and the seale knowne to be the sayd sir Rauf Ferrers his seale many greatly maruelled that so auncient a knight one in whom
Earle Dowglas the Towne of Berwike The craue aid of the Scots and a parte of Northumberlande and to other Scottish Lordes greate Lordships and seigniories if they obteined the vpper hand The Scottes in hope of gaine and desirous to be reuenged of their olde greefes came to y e Erle with a great company The Archbish of Yorke of ãâã sell with ãâã Percies in ãâã conspiââ¦cie The Percies to make theyr part seeme good deuised certayne articles by the aduice of Richard Scrope Archebyshoppe of Yorke brother to the Lorde Scrope whome King Henry had caused to be beheaded at Bristowe Thâ⦠VVals These articles being shewed to dyuers noble men and other states of the Realme moued theÌ to fauoure theyr purpose in so muche that manie of them did not onely promise to the Percies ayde and succoure by woordes but also by theyr writings and seales confirmed the same Howbeit when the matter came to tryall the moste parte of the confederates abandoned them and at the day of the conflict left them alone Thus after that the conspirators had discouered themselues the Lorde Henry Percy desirous to proceede in the enterprice vpon truste to be assisted by Owen Glendor the Earle of Marche and other assembled an armye of men of armes and archers forthe of Cheshire and Wales The earle of Worcester gouernour to the prince slippeth from him Hall and incontinently hys Vncle Thomas Percie Earle of Worcester that hadde the gouernement of the Prince of Wales who as then laye at London in secrete manner conueyed hymselfe out of the Princes house and commyng to Stafforde where hee mette hys nephewe they encreased theyr power by all wayes and meanes they coulde deuise The Earle of Northumberlande hymselfe was not with them but being sicke hadde promised vpon hys amendmente to repayre vnto them as some write with all conueniente speede These noble men to make theyr conspiracie to seeme excusable besides the Articles aboue mentioned sente letters abroade The pretence of the Percies as they published it abrode wherein was conteyned that theyr gathering of an armye tended to none other ende but onely for the safegarde of theyr owne persons and to putte some better gouernemente in the common wealthe For whereas taxes and tallages were daylye leuyed vnder pretence to bee employed in defence of the Realme the same were vaynely wasted and vnprofitably consumed and where through the slaunderous reportes of their enimies the King hadde taken a greeuous displeasure with them they durst not appeare personally in the Kings presence vntill the Prelates and Barons of the Realme hadde obteined of the King licence for them to come and purge themselues before him by lawfull tryall of theyr peeres whose iudgemeÌt as they pretended they would in no wise refuse Many that saw heard these letters did commend theyr diligence and highly praised theyr assured fidelitie and trustinesse towardes the common wealthe But the King vnderstanding theyr cloked drift deuised by what meanes he might to quiet and appease the commons and deface theyr contriued forgeries The kings answere to the Percies libell and therefore he wrote an aunswere to their Libelles that he maruelled muche sith the Earle of Northumberland and the Lord Henry Percie his sonne had receyued the most parte of the summes of money graunted to him by y e Cleargie and coÌmunaltie for defence of the marches as he could euidently proue what shoulde moue them to compleyne and reise such manifest slanders And where as he vnderstood that the Erles of Northumberlande and Worcester and the Lorde Percy hadde by their letters signified to their friends abroade that by reason of the slanderous reportes of their enimies they durst not appeare in his presence without the mediation of the Prelates and nobles of the Realme so as they required pledges whereby they might safely come afore him to declare and alledge what they had to say in proofe of their innocencie hee protested by letters sente forthe vnder his seale that they mighte safely come and goe without all daunger or any manner of indempnitie to be offered to their persons but this coulde not satisfie those men but that resolued to goe forwardes wyth their enterprise they marched towardes Shrewesburie vppon hope to be ayded as men thought by Owen Glendour and his Welchmen publishing abroade through out the Countreys on eache side Poore K. Richarde is still alyue with theÌ that wish king Henries ouerthrowe that King Richarde was aliue whome if they wished to see they willed theÌ to repaire in armour vnto the Castel of Chester where without all doubt he was at that present and ready to come forwarde This tale beeyng reysed though it were most vntrue yet it bredde variable motions in mens minds causing them to wauer so as they knewe not to whiche parte they shoulde sticke and verily diuers were well affected towardes King Richard specially suche as had tasted of his princely bountifulnesse of which ther was no small number and to speake a troth no maruell it was if many enuyed the prosperous state of King Henry sith it was euident inough to the world that hee hadde with wrong vsurped the Crowne and not only violently deposed King Richarde but also cruelly procured his death for the whiche vndoubtedly both he and his posteritie tasted such troubles as put them still in daunger of their states till their direct succeeding line was quite rooted out by the contrarie faction as in Henry the sixth and Edward ⪠ââ¦e fourth it may appeare But now to returne where we lefte Kyng Henry aduertised of the proceedings of the Percies forthwith gathered about him suche power as hee mighte make and beeing earnestly called vppon by the Scotte the Earle of Marche to make hast and giue battell to his enimies before their power by delaying of time should still too muche encrease hee passed forwarde with suche speede The kinges speedy diligence that he was in sight of his enimies lying in camp neere to Shrewesburie before they were in doubt of any such thing for the Percies thought that he would haue stayed at Burton vppon Trent till his Counsell had come thither to him to giue their aduice what he were best to do The Pââ¦reyes troubled with the kinges sodayn coÌming By reason of the Kings suddaine comming in thys sort they stayed from assaulting the Towne of Shrewesburie which enterprise they were ready at that instante to haue taken in hande and forthwith The L. Pââ¦rcye exhorteth his complices to sticke to their tackle the Lorde Percie as a Captaine of high courage began to exhorte the Captaynes and Souldiers to prepare themselues to battell sith the matter was growen to that poynt that by no meanes it could be auoyded so that sayde hee thys daye shall eyther bring vs all to aduauncement and honor or else if it shall chaunce vs to bee ouercome shall deliuer vs from the Kings spitefull malice and cruell disdeyne for playing the menne as we
sending away the Messengers promised to sende them ayde very shortly There were with the king at this siege his son the duke of Aquitaine otherwise called the Dolphin the dukes of Burgoigne Bar and a great number of other erles lords knights gentlemeÌ so that the Citie was besieged euen til within the Faux burges of that side towards Dun le Roy. The siege continued till at length through mediation of Philibert de Lignac Lorde greate maister of the Rhodes and the Marshall of Sauoy that were both in the kings campe trauelling betwixt the parties there were appoynted CoÌmissioners on both sides to treate for a peace to wit the master of the Crosbowes and the Seneshal of Heynalt and certain other for the king and the Archbishop of Bourges and the Lorde of Gaucourt and others for the Orlientiall side A peace concluded beââ¦wixt the two factions of Burgoin and Orleans These comming togither on a Fryday the .xv. of Iuly in the Dolphins Tent vsed the matter with such discretion that they concluded a peace and so on the Wednesday nexte following the campe brake vp and the king returned Eyton Whilest these things were a doing in France the Lorde Henrie Prince of Wales The prince of wales accused to his father eldest sonne to king Henrie got knowledge that certain of his fathers seruants were busie to giue informations agaynst him whereby discorde might arise betwixte him and his father Iohn Stow. for they put into the Kings heade not onely what euill rule according to the course of youth the Prince kepte to the offence of many but also what greate resort of people came to hys house so that the Courte was nothing furnished wyth suche a traine as dayly folowed the Prince These tales brought no small suspition into the Kings heade The suspiciuos ieaââ¦ousie of the king towards his son least hys sonne woulde presume to vsurpe the crowne bee beeing yet aliue through which suspitious iealousie it was perceiued that he fauoured not his sonne as in tymes past he had done The Prince sore offended with such persons as by slaunderous reportes sought not onely to spotte his good name abroade in the realme but to sow discorde also betwixt him and his father wrote his letters into euery part of the realme to reproue all such slaunderous deuises of those that sought hys discredite and to cleare himselfe the better that the Worlde mighte vnderstande what wrong he had to be slandered in such wise aboute the feast of Peter and Paule to witte The prince goeth to the court with a great trayne the .xxix. daye of Iune hee came to the Courte with such a number of Noble menne and other his friendes that wished him wel as the like train had beene seldome seene repayring to the Court at any one tyme in those dayes He was apparelled in a Gowne of blewe Satten full of smal Oylet holes His strange apparel at euery hole the needle hanging by a silke threde with which it was sewed Aboute his arme he ware an Houndes coller sette full of SS of golde and the tyrettes likewise being of the same mettall The Court was then at Westminster where he being entred into the Hall not one of his companie durst once aduaunce himselfe further than the fire in the same Hall notwithstanding they were earnestly requested by the Lordes to come higher but they regarding what they had in coÌmaundement of the prince woulde not presume to do in any thing contrary thervnto He himself onely accompanied with those of the kings house was streight admitted to the presence of the k. his father who being at y e time grieuously diseased caused himself yet in hys Chayre to be borne into his priuie Chamber where in the presence of three or foure persons in whome he had moste confidence The prince coÌmeth to the kings presence hee commaunded the Prince to shew what hee had to saye concerning the cause of hys comming The Prince kneeling downe before his father sayde Most redoubted and soueraigne Lord and father I am this time come to your presence as your liege man and as your naturall sonne in all things to be at your commaundement His wordes to his father And where I vnderstand you haue in suspition my demeanour agaynst your grace you knowe very well that if I knewe any man wythin thys realme of whome you shoulde stande in feare my dutie were to punish that person thereby to remoue that griefe from your heart Then howe much more ought I to suffer death to ease your grace of that griefe which you haue of me beeing your naturall sonne and liegeman and to that ende I haue this day made my selfe readie by coÌfession and receyuing of the SacrameÌt and therfore I beseeche you moste redoubted Lorde and deare father for the honour of God to ease your heart of all such suspition as you haue of me and to dispatche me here before your knees with this same dagger and withall hee deliuered vnto the king his dagger in all humble reuerence adding further that his life was not so deare to him that hee wished to liue one daye with his displeasure and therefore sayth he in thus ridding me out of life and your selfe from all suspition here in presence of these Lordes and before God at the day of the generall iudgement I faythfully protest clearly to forgiue you The kings wordes to the ãâã his son The king moued herewith cast from him the dagger and embracing the Prince kyssed hym and with shedding teares confessed that in deede he had him partly in suspition though now ãâã perceyued not with iust cause and therefore from thenceforth no misreport shuld cause him to haue him in mistrust this he promised of his honâ⦠So by his greate wisedome was the wrongfull suspition whiche his father had conceyued against him remoued and hee restored to hys fanââ¦er And further Eyâ⦠where he coulde not but grieuouslye complayne of them that hadde slaundered hym so greatly to the defacing not onely of his honor but also putting him in daunger of his life The pelâ⦠quest to hâ⦠his accuseâ⦠answeâ⦠this wrongful ââ¦ders he huÌbly besought the King that they myght answere theyr vniuste accusation and in case they were founde to haue forged suche matters vpon a malicious purpose that then they myght suffer some punishment for theyr faultes thoughe not to the full of that they had deserued The King seeming to graunt his reasonable desire tolde him yet that he must tarie a Parliament that suche offenders might he punished by iudgement of theyr Peeres And so for that time he was dismissed with great loue and signes of fatherly affection About the same time Iohn PreÌdergest knight Sir Iohn PreÌdergest reââ¦red to the kings faâ⦠sent to ãâã being restored to the kings fauor with .xxx. ships ââ¦koured the seas tooke good prises of wine and vitayles which relieued the commons greatly Amongst
the breach of amitie betwixt them troth it is that the priuie intentions of their heartes brake into so many small peeces that England Fraunce and Flaunders could neuer ioyne them againe during their naturall lyues But though the Earle of Warwike was earnestly inflamed against the King for that hee had thus married himselfe without his knowledge hauing regard onely to the satisfying of his wanton appetite more than to his honor The Earle of Franke kepeâ⦠his greââ¦e ââ¦e or suretie of his estate he did yet so dissimule the matter at his returne into Englande as though hee had not vnderstoode any thing thereof but only declared what he had done with such reuerence and shewe of friendly countenance as hee hadde bin accustomed and when hee hadde tarried in the Court a certayne space he obteyned licence of the King to depart to his Castell of Warwike meaning wheÌ time serued to vtter to the worlde that whych he then kept secrete that is to saye hys inward grudge whiche hee bare towardes the Kyng with desire of reuenge to the vttermost of hys power Neuerthelesse at that tyme hee departed to the outewarde shewe so farre in the Kynges fauoure that manye Gentlemen of the Courte for honour sake gladly accompanyed hym into his countrey 1466 This yere also the kings daughter the Lady Elizabeth Anâ⦠re 6. after wife to Kyng the seauenth was borne Kyng Edwarde concluded an ametie and league with Henrye King of Castill and Iohn King of Aragon Cââ¦tesholde ââ¦ex transââ¦ed into ãâã at the concluding wherof hee graunted licence for certayne Cottesolde Sheepe to be transported into the Countrey of Spayne as people reporte whych haue there so multiplyed and increased that it hath turned the commoditie of England much to the Spanishe profite Beside thys to haue an amitie with his next neighbor the King of Scottes hee winked at the losse of Berwike ãâã wyth ãâã and was contented to take a truce for fifteene yeares Thus King Edwarde though for refusall of the Frenche Kings sister in law wanne him enimies in Fraunce yet in other places hee procured him friends but those friendes had stande hym in small steede if Fortune hadde not holpe hym to an other euen at hys elbowe This was Charles Earle of Charoloys sonne and heire apparant vnto Philippe Duke of Burgongue whiche Charles beeyng then a widdower was counselled to bee a suter vnto Kyng Edwarde for to haue in marriage the Lady Margaret sister to the same Kyng a Lady of excellent beautie and endowed with so many worthy giftes of nature grace and fortune that shee was thought not vnworthy to matche with the greatest Prince of the worlde The Lorde Anthonie basterde 1467 brother to the sayde Earle Charoloys commonly called the basterd of Burgoigne a man of great wit An. reg 7. The basterd of Burgoigne ambassador into Englande courage and valiantnesse was appoynted by hys father Duke Phillip to goe into Englande in Ambassade about this sute who being furnished of plate and apparell necessarie for his estate hauing in his companie Gentlemen and other expert in al feates of cheualrie and martiall prowesse to the number of foure hundred horses tooke hys Shippe and arriued in Englande where he was of the King and nobles honorably receyued Thys message beeyng declared yee maye be sure the same was ioyfully hearde of the Kyng and hys counsayle the whiche by that affinitie sawe howe they myghte bee assured of a buckler agaynste Fraunce but yet the Earle of Warwike bearyng hys hartie fauoure vnto the french King did as muche as in hym lay by euill reportes to hynder thys marriage but this notwithstandyng at length the Kyng graunted to the basterdes request and the sayde basterde openly in the Kyngs greate chamber contracted the sayde Ladye Margaret for and in the name of hys brother the sayde Earle of Charroloys After thys marriage thus concluded Iustes betwixt the bastarde of Burgongne the lord Scales the basterde chalenged the Lorde Scales brother to the Queene a man both egall in hart and valiantnesse with the basterde to fighte with hym both on horsebacke and on foote whyche demaunde the Lorde Scales gladlye accepted The Kyng causing lyftes to bee prepared in West Smythfielde for these champions and very faire and costly galeries for the Ladyes was presente at thys martiall enterprise hymselfe The firste daye they ranne togyther diuers courses with sharp speares and departed with egall honour The nexte daye they tourneyd on horsebacke The Lorde Seales horse had on his chafron a long sharp pike of steele and as the two champions coaped togither the same horse whether through custome or by chance thrust his pike into the nosethrilles of the basterdes horse so that for very payne he mounted so high that hee fell on the one side with his maister and theÌ Lorde Seales rode rouÌd about him w t his sword in his hand till the King commaunded the Marshall to help vp the basterd which openly said I cannot hold me by the clowdes for though my horse faileth me surely I will not faile my contercompanyon The Kyng would not suffer them to do any more that day The morowe after the two noble men came into the fielde on foote with two poleaxes and fought valiantly but at the last the poynte of the Poleaxe of the Lorde Scales happened to enter into the sight of the basterds healme and by fine force mighte haue plucked him on his knees the King suddaynely cast downe his warder and then the Marshals them seuered The basterde not content with this chaunce and trusting on the connyng whiche hee had at the Poleaxe required the King of iustice that he might performe his enterprise The lord Scales refused it not but the Kyng sayd he would aske counsell and so calling to him the Connestable and the Marshall with the officers of armes after consultation had and the lawes of armes rehearsed it was declared for a sentence difinitiue by the Duke of Clarence then Connestable of Englande The law of armes and the Duke of Northfolke then Marshall that if he would goe forward with his attempted chalenge he must by y e law of armes bee deliuered to hys aduersarie in the same state and like condition as he stoode when he was taken from him The basterd hearing thys iudgemente doubted the sequeale of the matter and so relinquished his chalenge Other chalenges were done valiantly atchieued by the Englishmen whiche I passe ouer The death of the Duke of Burgoigne Shortly after came sorowfull tidings to the basterd that his father Duke Phillip was dead and therevppon taking his leaue of King Edwarde and his sister the newe Duches of Burgoigne liberally rewarded with plate iewels with all speede he returned to his brother y e new Duke who was not a litle glad of the contract made for him with the said Lady as after it wel appeared In this same yeare Kyng Edward more for the
the feast of the Natiuitie of our Sauiour Christ happened on which day all the English Lordes went with their solemnitie to the chiefe Churche of the Citie and there eche gaue fayth and promise to other The Erle himselfe first tooke a corporall othe on his honour promising that incontinent after he shoulde be possessed of the Crowne and dignitie of the Realme of Englande be would be conioyned in matrimonie with the Ladie Elizabeth daughter to king Edwarde the fourth Then all the companie sware to him fealtie and did to him homage as though he had beene that tyme the crowned king and annoynted Prince promising faythfully and firmly assuring that they would not onely lease theyr worldly substaunce but also be deprited of their lyues and worldly felicitie rather than to suffer king Richarde that tyraunt longer to rule and raigne ouer them Which solemne othes made and taken the Earle of Richmonde declared and communicated all these doings to Fraunces Duke of Brytayne desyring and most heartily requiring him to ayd him with a greater armie to conduct him into his Countrey whiche so sore longed and looked for his returne and to the which he was by the more part of the nobilitie and comunaltie called and desired which with Gods ayde and the Dukes comfort he doubted not in short time to obtaine requiring him farther to prest to him a conuenient sum of mony affyrming that all such summes of money whiche hee had receyued of his especiall friends were spent and consumed in preparation of his laste iourney made towarde Englande which summes of money after his enterprise once atchieued he in the worde of a Prince faythfully promised to repay and restore againe The Duke promised hym ayde and helpe vpon confidence whereof hee rigged his shippes and sette foorth hys Nauye well decked with ordinance and warlikely furnished wyth all things necessarie to the intent to saile forward shortly and to lose no time In the meane season king Richard apprehended in diuerse partes of the realme certain gentlemen of the Erle of Richmonds faction and confederation whiche eyther intended to sayle into Brytayne towarde him or else at his landing to assyst and ayde him Amongst whom sir George Browne sir Roger Clifforde and foure other were put to execution at London and sir Thomas Senetliger which had maried the Duches of Exceter the kings owne sister Thomas Ram and dyuerse other were executed at Exeter Beside these persons diuerse of his houshold seruants whoÌ either he suspected or doubted were by great crueltie put to shamefull death After this he called a Parliament The Erle of Richemond attaynted in Parlament in the which he attaynted the Erle of Richmond and all other persons which were fled out of the realme for feare or any other cause as enimies to him and to their naturall Countrey and all their landes goods and possessions were confiscate and seased to the kings vse And yet not content with thys pray whiche no doubt was of no small valour and moment hee layde on the peoples neckes a great tax and tallage and surely necessitie to that acte in maner him compelled For what wyth purging and declaring his innocencie concerning the murther of his Nephewes toward the world and what with cost to obteyne the loue and fauour of the comunaltie which outwardly glosed and openly dissembled with him he gaue prodigally so many so great rewards that now both he lacked scarce wist honestly how to borow In this troublous season nothing was more maruelled at thaÌ that the Lord Stanley had not bene taken and reputed as an enimie to the King considering the working of the Ladie Margaret his wife mother to the Earle of Richmond but forasmuch as the enterprise of a woman was of him reputed of no regard or estimation and that the Lord Thomas hir husband had purged himself sufficiently to be innocent of all doings and attempts by hir perpetrated coÌmitted it was giuen him in charge to kepe hir in some secrete place at home without hauing any seruant or companie so that from thenceforth she shuld neuer send letter or messenger vnto hir son nor any of his friends or coÌfederates by the which the king might be molested or troubled or anye hurt or preiudice might bee attempted agaynste his realme and comunaltie Which commaundemeÌt was a while put in execution and accomplished according to his dreadfull commaundement Yet the wilde worme of vengeance wauering in his heade coulde not bee content wyth the death of dyuerse gentlemen suspected of treason but also he must extende his blondy furie agaynst a poore gentlemaÌ called Collingborne for making a small rime of three of his vnfortunate counsaylers which were the Lord Louell sir Richard Ratcliffe his mischieuous Minion and sir WilliaÌ Catesby his secrete seducer which meetre or ryme was thus The Cat the Rat and Louell our Dogge Rule all England vnder an Hogge Meaning by the hog the dreadful wild Bore which was the kings cognisance but bycause the first line ended in dogge the Metrician could not obseruing the regiments of metre end the seconde verse in Bore but called the Bore an hog This Poetical scholemaister corrector of Breeues and Longs Collingburne executed caused Collingborne to bee abbreuiate shorter by the head and to be deuided into foure quarters Collingborns inditement Here is to be noted that beside the rime which is reported by some to be the only cause for which this gentleman suffred I finde in a regyster booke of Inditements concerning felonyes and treasons by sundrie persons committed that the sayde Collingborne by the name of Willyam Collyngborne late of Lidyarde in the Countie of Wilkshire esquier and other his associates were indited in London for that that they about the tenth day of Iulie in this second yeare of King Richardes raigne in the Parishe of Saint Botulphes in Portsoken warde had solicited and requested one Thomas Yate offring to him for his paynes eyght pounde to goe ouer into Brytayne vnto Henrie Erle of Richmond Thomas Marques Dorset Iohn Cheyney Esquier and others whiche in the last Parliament holden at Westminster had beene attainted of sundrie high treasons by them practised wythin the kings dominion to declare vnto them that they shoulde doe verie well to returne into Englande with all such power as they might get before the feast of Saint Luke the Euangelist next ensuing for so they might receyue all the whole reuenues of the realme due at the feast of Saint Michaell nexte before the sayde feast of Saint Luke and that if that sayde Earle of Richmonde and his partakers following the counsaile of the sayde Collingborne would arriue at the hauen of Pole in Dorcetshire he the sayd Collingborne and other his associates woulde cause the people to rise in armes and to leuie warre agaynst king Richarde taking part wyth the sayde Earle and his friendes so that all things shoulde be at theyr commaundements Moreouer to moue the sayde Earle to sende the
not a manne else did follow him By this meanes of the Englishe meane were cleane dryuen oute of the Bulwarke the enimye yet not daring to passe the Brayes gaue them that escaped good leysure to recouer the gate where my L. Gray holding the wicââ¦eâ⦠himself receyued them in Vppon the takyng of this Bulwarcke the Souldiours of Wheteleys Bulwarcke and the base Court in discomfiture abandoned theyr charges flying to the Castelâ⦠so that more than the Keepe and the bodie of the Castell no part was free from the enimie My Lorde Grey hauing receyued all his caused the Gates to bee rammed vppe Thus were the chiefe Bulwarkes and vtter lymmes of the Castell of Guisnes obteyned by the French on Saint Sebastians day Grafton being the xx of Ianuarie but yet not without great expense of bloud on both sides for of the Frenche part there were slaine in those assaultes aboue the number of eight or nine hundred and of the English not many fewer amongest whome the greatest losse light vpon those fewe Spaniards and Wallons that were come to assyst the Englishmen at that present It was nowe nightâ⦠a Trumpettor came to the ditches side in the base Court and sounded a sommons who being called vnto and asked what he woulde tolde that hee was sent to my Lorde Gray by the Duke of Guise with offer of parlee if it woulde be hearkened to The Souldiers no sooner hard these newes but forsaking the walles came all in rowte togithers and confusedly speaking to their Chieftaine the sayde Lorde Gray prayed him to hearken to the Message and to haue consideration of theyr lyues which so long as any hope remayned they willingly had ventured The Lorde Grayes aunswere was that he marueyled eyther what causelesse mistrust of his caring for them was now come vpon them or what sodaine vnwoonted fayntnesse of mynde had so assayled them as to cause them in suche disorder to forsake their places and leaue the walles naked hee willed them to returne to the same My Lorde Gray hereof tooke counsaile It was thought good not to reiect the offer the extremitie on euerie side weyed The Trumpettor receyuing answere accordingly departed and without long abode returned again requyring in the dukes behalfe hostages for a truce during the Parleâ⦠from vs he mynding to deliuer the like into the Castell From him in fine Monsieur Destrees a Gentleman of the kings chamber were sent in and maister Arthure Gray my Lordes sonne and maister Lawes Diue were put out Monsieur Dandelot in the Brayes receyued them and caried them ouer the vnfortunate Bulwarke being come vppon naked and newe slaine Carkasses some of them sprawling yet and groning vnder their feete were onely the earth they trode on So passing downe the breach somwhat to the ease of the former heauie sight they saw it and the ditche little lesse fraught with the enimies corpses So to the campe they came and were lodged in the sayde Dandelots tent The next day in the morning the Lorde Gray was to meete with the Duke abrode betweene them willingly one houre was spent in talking withoute agreement onely vpon thys poynt that the Lord Gray would haue his bands depart with Ensignes displayed which woulde not be yeelded vnto so he returned and the hostages also therevpon were sent in Monsieur Destrees not being yet come forth my Lord was no sooner entred againe but that the souldiours eftsoones forsaking the walles willingly to the present cutting of all theyr owne throtes if Monsieur Destrees himselfe had not beene with a fewe Captaynes and Gentlemen of the Lorde Grayes owne retinue came and met him crying vpon him to haue pitie vpon them The Lorde Gray herewith stayed and pausing a while had this speech The onely pitie if fonde I cannot say that I haue of you hath caused me this day to make such offers of coÌposition as neyther your honesties nor my honour nor eyther of our duties in my thought may well beare which refused to take harder to the vtter defasing of our credites since the best would blot it If I woulde Souldiours your selues me thinketh in vengeance thereof should turne your weapons vpon me and sacrifice so heartlesse a Captaine rather than to take it as a token of a pitifull Captaine ouer you and to yeeld thankes for the same We haue begonne as becommed vs we haue yet helde on as duetie doth binde vs let vs ende then as honest dutie and fame doth wil vs. Neither is there any such extremitie of despayre in our case but that we may yet dearely ynough sell our skinnes ere we lose them Let vs then eyther march out vnder our Ensignes displayed or else herewith die vnder them displayed The Souldiours herewith in a mutenie flatly answered that they for his vainglorie woulde not sell their lyues The desperatenesse of theyr case was not vnknowne vnto them sayde they and that theyr lyues in other seruice myght yet auaile theyr Prince and Countrey In this now further to venture was but like oxen to be thrust to the Butcher That his Lordship was not to expect any one blow of their handes Herewith in hast came one from Monsieur Destrees that stoode at the Rampire aduysing him to sende his Souldiours to the walles otherwise that the Swiffes would assuredly enter So constrayned his Lordship promised them to compounde and so he gat them to the walles Then my Lord going to counsayle at length agreed vpon these conditions First that the Castell with all the furniture therein as well vittayles as great artillerie powder and all other munitions of warre shoulde bee wholy rendred without wasting hyding or minishment thereof Secondarily that the Lorde Gray with all the Captaynes officers and other hauing charge there should remaine prisoners at the dukes pleasure to be raunsomed after the maner of warre Thirdly that all the rest as well souldiers as others shoulde depart with their armors baggage to what parties it seemed them best neuerthelesse to passe without sound of drum or trumpet or ensigne and to leaue them behinde These Articles sent by Monsieur Destrees to the duke were accepted and so in the after noone the duke himselfe came and receyued the keyes of my Lorde Gray who presently went out and was giueÌ to the Marshall Strozzi and from him sold to Monsieur de Randan by whom he came into his brother y e Counte de Rochefoucault his handes and there rested till he was redeemed for xxiiij thousand Crownes The day following to with the .xxij. of Ianuarie all the souldiours of the sayde fortresse of Guisnes as well English as straungers wyth all the rest of the Inhabitants and other excepted the Lorde Gray himselfe maister Arthure Gray his sonne sir Henrie Palmer Knight Mondragon Captayne of the Spaniards and other men of charge reserued by the composition departed with theyr bagge and baggages from thence towardes Flaunders At whose issuing forth there were esteemed to the number of eyght or nine hundred
marching with his menne in battayle army broughte them hoââ¦e in safetie without other impeachment The seuententh of December the Counte Montgomerie and Sir Hugh Pauleâ⦠arriued at Newhauen in one of the Queenes Shippes called the Ayde The ninetenth of December A Proclamation a Proclamation was made for orders to be obserued concerning the embarquing of such souldyers as were ââ¦ed to depart by passeport or otherwise and likewise prohibiting the taking into anye vessell any drie fish wine ââ¦ugre or any houshold stuffe without special licence of the Lord Lieutenant Whilest things passed thus in Normandye at Newhauen and thereaboutes where y e noble Erle of Warwike and other valiant Captaines were ready to make proofe of their high prowes in time and place as occasion might serue these ended his life at home that honorable Baron The deathe of the Lorde Grey of Wilton and right famous Captayne in his dayes William Lorde Grey of Winton Knighte of the most noble order of the Garter and at that presente Gouernour of Berwike and warden of the ââst marches anââust Scotland He deceassed the fyue and twentith of December this yere 1562. at Cheshnut in Hertfordshire then the house of Henrye Deny Esquier that had married mistresse Honor Grey the sayd Lord Greys only daughter The sixe and twentith of December the Counte de Montgomerie tooke shypping at Newhauen roade accompanyed with foure hundred harquebusiers Frenchmen and sayled to Dieppe there to be gouernoure of that towne He wente in an English barke belonging to Nicholas Musby Secretary to the Earle of Warwike Lord Lieutenant The third of Ianuary 1563 a Shallop that was sent the same morning from Newhauen laden with beere and other vittailes to passe vnto Tankeruille was assayled aboute Harflewe by a Shallop of Hunfleu whiche droue the Hoy to the shore so as the Englishmen forsooke theyr Hoy and came running to Newhauen to declare what had happened Heerevpon the Lord Lieutenant sente for the foure French Shallops by water and the Horsmen with sixe hundred footemen passed forth by land and vsed such diligence that they came euen as the Frenchmen were haling vp the Hoy towardes Harflewe and skirmishing with the Frenchmen beeing fourescore good Harquebusiers for the space of a long houre at length recouered the Hoy A Hoy recouered which the Frenche had taken and tooke three of their Shallops with their ordinance which they broughte to Newhauen with the losse of one onely man an Harquebusier of Captayne Zouches bande The fourth of Ianuary in the morning the Englishe skoute beeing thirtie good Harquebusiers were sette vpon by the enimies that droue them vnto the very gates They shot also with their Harquebusies into the Towne and ouer the Mont Royall among the English Souldyers They hurt at that present three of y e scoutes but when they perceyued that the Englishmen were in a readinesse to approche them they departed beeing in number three hundred horsemen and a thousande footemen Souldyers of Mondeuille and Harfleu The fifth of Ianuary wer appreheÌded Captayne Blondell Captaine Moucombell Monsieur Demainie and Vitanua with others for some conspiracie or trayterous practise whyche they went about and had malitiously contriââ¦ed The same day Captayne Edward Horsey with his two huÌdred Souldyers and Captaine Francis Blont with his hundred tooke shipping at Newhauen road and sayled to Dieppe there to remayne with the Conte Montgomerie whose wyfe the Countesse Montgomerie wente also with them to hir husbande the same tyme. On the Saterday following the twelfth day after Christmas A great tempest in Leicester being the ninth of Ianuary a greate tempest of winde and thunder happened in the Towne of Leicester whiche vncouered two and fortie bayes of houses and ouerthrewe many renting and tearing them in peeces in a strange and maruellous manner The people that were assembled that daye in the market place to buy and sell their vsuall chafer wares and commodities were fore amazed and astonyed with the hideousnesse of that most outragious and violent tempest On Thursday the fourtenth of Ianuary at one of the clocke in the morning there issued forth of Newhauen threescore Horsemen and a thousande footemen all Englishmen and comming to Mondeuille where the Reingraue lay An alarme giuen to Mondeuillâ⦠⪠gaue to them within an alarme but neyther the Reisters nor the Almayne footemen nor french that were within that Towne woulde come forth and therefore after the Englishmen hadde tarried there the space of foure houres they returned backe againe to Newhauen The fiftenth of Ianuary at one of the clocke in the after noone there issued forth of Newhauen threescore Horsemen and fifteene hundred footemen whiche commyng to Harfleâ⦠An alarme giuen to Hââ¦flewe gaue a like alarme to that towne but none of the garrison there woulde come forthe where vpon the Englishmen returned home agayne to Newhauen The sixtenth of Ianuary The Castell Tankeruille deliuered to the Reingraue the Castell of TaÌkeruille was surrendred to the Rââ¦ingraue after he had layne about it an eyght dayes with two thousand Horsemen and footemen It was nowe yeelded by composition after it had bin kept by the space of thirtie eight days that those within should depart with bagge and baggages the galley beeing sent from Newhauen to fetch them away There were no moe within it at that tyme when it was thus deliuered but Captayne Iohn Warde Captaine Edward Dudley and Captayne Saule hys Lieutenant Riley with threescore and tenne Englishe Souldyers and thirtie French The ninetenth of Ianuary there landed at Newhauen Captayne Tremayne with fiftie Horsemenne very well appointed Tremayne to serue the Queenes Maiestie there The foure and twentith of Ianuary Frauncis Clearke Francis Clearke Frenchman arriued at NewhaueÌ with two tall Shippes of his owne right well appoynted for the warres bringing with hym three rich prises Prises taken by him valued at aboue fiftie thousand Crownes one of them was a mightie greate Hulke laden with woade and allume The sixe and twentith of Ianuary Captaine Tremayne with all his Horsemen and Captayne Clearke with his Scottish Horsemen and sixe hundred footemen went forth of NewhaueÌ towards Mondeuille and by the way in a little Village there was a Frenche Captayne come forthe of Mondeuille named Monsieur Emerie hauing with hym thirtie Souldiers where falling in hande to spoyle the same Village the paysants aboute gathered themselues togyther and set vpon him and his Souldyers and whilest they were thus in fighte the Scottish Horsemenne came suddaynely vpon them Captayne Emerle taken by the Scottish horsemen tooke the sayde Captayne sore wounded flewe twelue of hys Souldyers and tooke foureteene other of them prisoners whome with their Captayne wounded as hee was they broughte home the same night vnto Newhauen ââ¦clamaâ⦠The three and twentith of Ianuary a Proclamation was made for orders to bee obserued by the Souldyers and other resââ¦ants within the Towne of Newhauen concerning politike gouernement thereof as
fish for which he did cast his hooke so great was the fishe that he caught in the end that within the space of 1000 lesse it deuoured the fourth parte and more of the best soyle of the Islande which was whollye bestowed vpon his monkes and other relygious brodes y t were hatched since his time Whilest these things were thus in hande in the south parte of Albion the Meates Pictes and Caledoniens Meates Pictes Caledonies which lye beyonde the Scottish sea receiued also the preaching of such christian elders as aduentured thither daily and not without great successe and increase of perfit godlynesse in that parte of the I le Certes this prosperous attempt passed all mens expectatioÌ for that these nations were in those dayes reputed wild sauage and more vnfaithfull and craftye then well minded people as the wilde Irish are in my time and such were they to say the truth in déede as neyther the sugred curtesye nor sharpe swordes of the Romaines coulde restreyne from their naturall fury or bring to any order For this cause also in th end y e Romaine Emperours did vtterly cast them of as an vnprofitable brutishe and vntameable nation by an huge wall hereafter to be described separated that rude companye from the milde and ciuill portion Scotlande conuerted to y e fayth of Christ This conuersion of the north parts fell out in the sixt yeare before the warres that Seuorus had in those quarters and 170. after y e death of our Sauiour Iesus Christ From thenceforth also the christian religion contynued still among them by the diligent care of their Pastors and Byshops after the vse of the churches of the south part of this Island tyll the Romaine shepehearde sought them out and founde the meanes to pull them vnto him in like sort with his long staffe as he had done our countryemen whereby in in the ende he abolished the rites of the churches of Asia there also as Augustine had done already in England and in stéede of the same did furnish it vp with those of his pontificall Sie although there was great contention and no lesse bloudshed made amongst them before it coulde be brought to passe as by the Hystories of both nations yet extaunt is casye to be séene Palladius In the time of Coelestine Bishop of Rome one Palladius The first attempt of the Bish of Rome to bring Scotlande vnder hys obedience a Grecian borne to whome Cyrill wrote hys Dialogue de adoratione in spiritu sometime disciple to Iohn the 24. Bishop of Ierusalem came ouer from Rome into Brytaine there to suppresse the Pellagien heresye which not a little molested the Orthodoxes of that Iland And hauing done much good in the extinguishing of the aforesayd opinioÌ there he went at the last also into Scotlande supposing no lesse but after he had trauailed somewhat in confutation of the Pelagiens in those partes he shoulde easilye perswade that crooked nation to admit and receiue the rytes of the church of Rome as he woulde faine haue done beforehande in the south Fastidius Bishop of London But as Fastidius Bishop of LondoÌ and his Suffragans resisted him here so dyd the Scottish Prelates withstande him here also in this behalfe howbeit because of the authoritie of his commisson grauitie of personage the great gift which he had in the vayne of pleasaunt perswasion whereby he drewe the people after him as Orpheus did the stones with his Harpe and Hercules such as hearde him by his tongue they had hym in great admiration are nowe contented the rather also for that he came froÌ Rome to take him for their chiefe Apostle Palladiââ¦e accomptâ⦠for the Apostle of Scottes returning from hys comming vnto them as from the fayth receiued which was in the 431. yeare of Christ as the truth of theyr History doth very well confirme Thus wée sée what religion hath from time to time béene receiued in this Islande and howe and when the faith of Christ came first into our country Howbeit as in processe of time it was ouershadowed and corrupted with the dreames and fantasticall imaginations of man so it daily waxed woorse woorse till that it pleased God to restore the preaching of his Gospell againe in our dayes wherby the man of sinne is nowe openly reuealed and the puritye of the worde once agayne brought to light to the vtter ouerthrowe of Sathan and his Popish adherentes that honour him day and night Of the number and names of such salt Islands as lye dispersed rounde about vppon the coast of Brytaine Cap. 8. THere are néere vnto or not verye farre from the coasts of Brytaine many faire Islandes whereof Irelande with hir neighbors not here haÌdled séeme to be the chiefe But of y e reast some are much larger or lesse then other diuers in lyke sort enuironed continually with the salt sea whereof I purpose onely to intreate although not a few of them be Ilands but at the floude other finally be clipped partely by the fresh and partly by the salt water or by the freshe alone whereof I may speake afterwarde Of these salt Islandes for so I call them that are enuyroned with the Ocean-waues some are fruitefull in Wood Corne Wildefoule and pasture grounde for Cattel albeit that manye of them be accounted barren because they are only replenished with conies those of sundry collors cherished of purpose by the owners for their skinnes carcases and prouysion of housholde wythout eyther man or woman otherwise inhabiting in them Furthermore the greatest number of these Islandes haue Townes and parishe Churches within theyr seuerall precinctes some mo some lesse and beside all thys are so inriched with commodities that they haue pleasant hauens freshe springes great store of fishe and plentye of Cattell whereby the inhabitants doe reape no small aduantage How many they are in nuÌber I caÌnot as yet determine bycause myne informations are not so fully set down as the promises of some on the side myne expectation on the other did exteÌd vnto Howbeit y e first of al there are certeine which lie néere togither as it were by heaps clusters I hope ãâã will rediliy deny Nesiadae Insule Scylurum Sileustrae Syllanae Sorlingae Sylley Hebrides Hebudes Meuanie Orchades Of these also those called y e Nesiadae Insulae Scylurum Sileustrae Syllanae nowe y e sorlings and Isles of Silley lying beyond Cornwall are one and conteineth in number one hundred fourtye seauen eche of them bearing grasse besides shelfers and shallowes In like sort the company of the Hebrides are another which are sayd to be 43. situate vpon the west side of this Island betwéene Ireland and Scotland and of which there are some that repute Anglesey Mona Gaesaris other lying betwéene them to be percell in theyr corrupted iudgement The thirde cluster or bunche consisteth of those that are called the Orchades and these lye vpon the
by in y e winter season nor saw any hope how they should repasse againe into Gallia In the meane time the Brytish princes that were in the Romaine army perceyuing how greatly this mishap had discouraged the Romains againe by the smal circuit of their campe gessed that they coulde be no great number and that lacke of vitayles sore oppressed them they priuily stale away one after another out of the campe purposing to assemble their powers againe to forestall the Romains from vitayleâ⦠and so to driue the ââtter off till winter which if they might do vanquishing these or closing them from returning they trusted that none of the Romains from then thenceforth would attempt eftsoones to come come into Baytain Cesar mistrusting their dealings bicause they stayd to deliuer the residue of their hostages commaunded vitails to be brought out of y e parties adioyning not hauing other ãâã to repââ¦iââ his ships becaused .xij. of those that were vtterly past recouerie by the hurts receyued through violence of the teÌââst ââ¦o be broken wherwith the other in which some recouerie was perceyued might be repayred In the meane time whilest these things were a doing it chaunced that as one of the Romaine legions named the .vij. was sent forth to suche in corne out of the countrey adioyning as theyr custome was no warre at that time being suspected or once looked for when part of the people remayned abrode in the field and part repayred to the camp those that warded before the campe aduertised Cesar that three appearedâ⦠dust grââer than was acenst oââed from that quarter into the which the legion was gone to fetch in cââ¦rââ¦e Cesar iudging therof what the matter might meane commaunded those handes that waââ¦ded to goe with him that way forth and appoynted other two bands to come into their rowmthes and the resââ¦one of his people to get them to armor and to follow quickly after him He was not gone any great way from the campe when hee might see where his people were one matched by ãâã enimies and had muchââ do to heare out the brunt for the legion bring thronged togither the Brytaynes peââ¦ted them sore with arrows darts on ech side for sithence there was no fortage left in any part of the country about but only in this ãâã y e Brytains indged that the Romains would come thither for it therfore ãâã lodged theÌselues w tin the woods in ambâââs the night ãâã on y e ââ¦orow after when they saw the Romains dispersed here there and busie to cut downe the ãâã they set vpon them on the soden sâââing some few of them brought the residue out of order coÌpassing theÌ about with their horsmen and charets so that they were in greate distresse The maner of fight with these charets was such that in y e beginning of a battaile they would ride aboute the sides and skirts of the enimies host bestow their dartes as they sat in those charets so that oftentimes wyth the braying of the horses craking noise of y e charet whreââs they disordred their enimies and ãâã that they had wound themselues in amongst the troupes of horsineÌ they would leap out of the charets fight a foot in the mean time those y t guided the charets would withdraw theÌselues out of the battail placing theÌselues so that if their people were ouermatched with the multitude of enimies they might easily withdraw to their charets and mount vpon the same againe by meanes whereof they are as readie to remoue as the horsemen as stedfast to stand in the battaile as the footmen and so to supplie both dueties in one And those Charetmen by exercise and custome were so canning in their feat that although their horses were put to run and gallop yet could they stay them hold them backe at their pleasures and turne and wind them to and fro in a moment notwithstanding that the place were very steepe and daungerous and againe they would run vp and downe very nimbly vpon the coppes stand vpoÌ y e beam and conuey theÌselues quickly again into y e charet Cesar thus finding his people in great distresse and readie to be destroyed came in good time and deliuered theÌ out of that daunger for y e Brytains vpon his approch with new succors gaue ouer to assaile their enimies any further the Romaines were deliuered out of the feare wherein they stoode before his comming Immediately wherevpon euen the same day they sent Ambassadors to Cesar to sue for peace who gladly accepting their offer commaunded them to send ouer into Gallia after he shoulde be returned thither hostages in nuÌbre double to those that were agreed vpon at the first After that these things were thus ordred Cesar bycause that the Moneth of September was wel neare halfe spent and that Winter hasted on a season not meete for his weake bruysed shippes to brooke the Seas in determined not to stay anye longer but hauing winde and weather for his purpose got himselfe a boorde with his people and returned into Gallia Thus wryteth Cesar touching his first iourney made into Brytaine Caesar de ãâã Gallia ãâã But the Brytish Hystorie which Polidore calleth the new Hystorie declareth that Cesar in a pight field was vanquished at the first encounter and so withdrew backe into Fraunee Beda also wryteth thus that Cesar coÌming into the countrey of Gallia where the people then called Moââ¦ini inhabited whiche are at this day the same that inhabite the Dioces of Terwine from whence lyeth the shortest passage ouer into Brytain now called England got togither .lxxx sayle of great shippes and row Gallies with the which he passed ouer into Brytayne and there at the first being wearied with sharpe and sore fight and after taken with a grieuous tempest lost the more part of his nauie with no small number of his souldiers and almost all his horsemen And therewith being returned into Gallia placed his souldiers in steeds to soiourne there for the winter season Thus hath Bede The British hystorie moreouer maketh mention of three vnder kings that ayded Cassibellane in this first battail fought w t Cesar as Cridiorââ¦s alias Ederus K. of Albania nowe called Scotland Guitethus king of Venedocia that is north Wales Britael king of Demetia at this day called south Wales The same hystorie maketh also mention of one Belinus that was general of Cassibelanes army and likewise of Nenius brother to Cassibelane which in the fight happened to get Cesars sword fastned in his shield by a blow which Cesar stroke at him Androgeus also and Tenancius were at the battail in ayde of Cassibelane But Nennius died within .xv. dayes after the battail of the hurt receiued at Cesars hand although after he was so hurt he slue Labienus one of y e Rom. Tribunes all which may well be true sith Cesar either maketh the best of things for his owne honor or else coueting to write but
therto agreeable nor induce the souldiours to admit him they hauing already established his sonne he began to deuyse wayes howe to assure the state more strongly to his sayde sonne and hearyng that his sonne in law Constantine was mynded to come into Italy against him he purposed to practise Constantines destruction in somuch that it was iudged by this which folowed ââ¦issimulation y t Herculeus Maximinus did but for a colour seme to mislyke with that whiche his son Maxentius had done to the ende he might the sooner accomplishe his entente for the dispatching of Constantine oute of the waye Herevpon as it were fleing out of Italy ââ¦anulphus ââ¦estrensis he came to Constantine who as then hauing appointed lieutenants vnder him in Britayn remayned in France and with all ioy and honor that mighte bee receiued his father in lawe the which being earnestly bent to compasse his purpose Fausta the daughter of Maximinus vvife to Constantine made his daughter Fausta priuie therto whiche ladie either for feare least the concealyng therof might turne hir to displesure either else for the entier loue whiche she bare to hir husbande reueled hir fathers wicked purpose Wherevpon whilest Constantine goeth about to be reuenged of suche a trayterous practise Herculeus fleeth to Mersiles Marsiles purposing there to take the sea and so to retire to his sonne Maxentius into Italye But ere he coulde get away from thence he was stangled by commaundemente of his sonne in lawe Constantine Maximinus slayne An. Chri. 311. and so ended his lyfe whiche he had spotted with many cruell actes as well in persecutyng the professour ãâã the Christian name as others In this mean time had Maximinus adopted one Licinius to assiste hym in gouernaunce of the empire Licinius chosen fellovv vvith Maximianus in the empire proclayming hym Cesar So that nowe at one selfe tyme Constantine gouerned Fraunce and the weast partes of the Empire Maxentius helde Italy Affrike and Egypte And Maximinus whydhe lykewyse had but elected Cesar ruled the Easte partes and Licinius Illyrium and Grecia But shortly after the Emperoure Constantine ioyned in league with Licinius and gaue to him his sister in marriage named Constantia for more suretie of faithfull friendship to endure betwixt them He sent him also against Maximinus who gouerning in the East parte of the Empire purposed the destruction of Constantine and all his partakers but being vanquished by Licinius at Tarsus he shortly after dyed being eaten with lice Constantine after this was called into Italy to deliuer the Romaynes and Italians from the tyrannie of Maxentius whiche occasion so offered Constantine gladly accepting passed into Italy and after certaine victories gote againste Maxentius at length slewe him And after this when Maximinus was dead whiche prepared to make warre againste Licinius that hadde married Constantia the sister of Constantine hee finally made warre against his brother in lawe the sayde Licinius by reason of suche quarrels as fell out betwixt theÌ In the whiche warre Licinius was putte to the worse and at length comming into the handes of Constantine was put to deathe so that Constantine by this meanes gote the whole Empire vnder his rule and subiection Hee was a greate fauorer of the Christian Religion in somuche that to aduance the same hee tooke order for the conuerting of the Temples dedicated in the honors of Idols vnto the seruice of the true and Almightie God Hee commaunded also Christians honoured cherished that none should be admitted to serue as a Souldiour in the warres excepte hee were a Christian nor yet to haue rule of any countrey or armie Hee also ordeyned the weeke before Easter and that whiche folowed to be kept as holy and no person to doe any bodily workes during the same He was muche counsailed by that noble most vertuous ladie his mother the Empresse Helene Polydore The prayse of the Empresse Helenae the whiche being a godly and deuoute woman did what in hir laye to moue him to the setting foorth of Gods honour and encrease of the christian faith wherein as yet he was not fully instructed Some writers alledge that she beeing at Ierusalem 320. made diligent searche to finde out the place of the Sepulchre of our Lorde and at length founde it thoughe with muche adoe for the infidels had stopped it vp and couered it with a heape of filthie earth and buylded alofte vpon the place a chappell dedicated to Venus where yong women vsed to sing songes in honoure of that vnchaste Goddesse Helene caused the same to be ouerthrowne and the earth to be remoued and the place clensed so that at length the sepulchre appeared and fast by were founde there buried in the earth .iij. crosses and the nailes but the crosse wherevppon our Sauiour was crucifyed was known by the title written vpon it The Crosse founde though almost worne out in letters of Hebrew greke and Latine the inscription was this Iesus Nazarenus rex Iudaeorum It was also perceyued which was that Crosse by a miracle as it is reported but how truly I can not tell that shuld be wrought thereby For being layde to a sicke woman only with the touching therof she was healed It was also sayde that a dead man was raysed from death to lyfe his bodie onely being touched therwith Whervpon Constantine moued with these things forbade that from thenceforth any should be put to death on the Crosse to the ende that the thing which afore tyme was accompted infamous and reprochefull myghte nowe be had in honour and reuerence The Empresse Helen hauing thus found the Crosse buylded a temple there and taking wyth hir the nayles returned with the same to hir son Constantine who set one of them in the crest of his helmet Polidorus an other in the brydell of his horsse and the thirde he castinto the sea to assuage and pacifie the furious tempestes and rage thereof She also brought with hir a parcell of that holy Crosse Polidorus and gaue it to hir sonne the sayd Constantine the whiche he caused to be closed within an Image that represented his person standing vppon a piller in the market place of Constantine or as some late writers haue he caused it to be enclosed in a coffer of golde adorned with ryche stones and Pearles placing it in a Churche called Sessoriana the which church he endued with many great giftes and precious ornamentes Many workes of greate zeale and vertue are remembred by writers to haue bin done by thys Constantine and his mother Helene to the setting foorth of Gods glorie and the aduauncing of the faith of Christe The commendation of Constantine But to be briefe he was a manne in whome many excellent vertues and good qualities bothe of mynde and bodie manifestly appeared chiefly he was a prince of great knowledge and experience in warre and therewith verie fortunate an earnest louer of iustice and to conclude borne
out the Monkes placing secular Priests in their roomes as namely at Malmesbury where yet the house was not empayred but rather enriched in landes and ornamentes by the kings liberalitie and the industrious meanes of the same Priestes whyche toke vp the bones of Saint Alderlme and put the same in a shrine Rebellion raised againste K. Edred At length the inhabitantes of y e middle parte of England euen from Humber to Thames rebelled againste him Sim. Dun. and elected hys brother Edgar to haue the gouernemente ouer them wherewith King Edwine tooke such griefe for that he saw no meane at hand how to remedy the matter that shortly after when he had raigned somewhat more than four yeres Edred departeth this life he departed this life His body was buried at Winchester in the new Abbey there Edgar Osborne and Capgrauehold that she was not his wyfe but a Nunne VV. Mal. In this meane time Alfred the wife of Kyng Edgare as some saye or rather as other write his concubine dyed of whome he had begote a son named Edward The death of this woman occasioned the K. to committe an heynous offence For albeit the same time the fame weÌt that Horgerius Duke of Cornewal Orgar or rather Deuonshire had a daughter named Alfred a Damosell of excellent beautie whome Edgar minding to haue in marriage appointed one of his noble men called Earle Ethelwolde to goe with al speede into Cornewall or Deuonshire to see if the yong Ladyes beautie aunswered the report that wente of hir then hee to breake the matter to hir father in his behalfe Ethelwold being a yong iolly Gentleman tooke his iourney into Cornewall Erle Ethelwold suppââted the king of his wyfe comming to y e Duke was well receiued had a sight of his daughter w t whose beautie he was straight rauished so farre in loue that not regarding the kings pleasure which had sent him thither he begaÌ to purchase the good will of both father daughter for himselfe and did so much that he obteyned the same indeede Heerevpon returning to the K. hee enformed him that the Damosell was not of such beautie and comely personage as mighte hee thought worthy to matche in marriage with hys Maiestie And shortly after perceyuing the kyngs mind by his wrongfull misreport to be turned nothing bent that way he began to sue to hym y t hee mighte with his fauour marry the same Damosell which the K. graunted as one that cared not for hir bicause of the credite whiche he gaue to Ethelwolds words And so by this means Ethelwold obteined Alfrid in marriage which was to his owne destruction as the case fell out For wheÌ the fame of hir passing beautie did spred ouer all y e Realme now that she was married came more abroade in sight of the people the K. chanced to heare therof and desirous to see hir deuised vnder colour of hunting to come vnto the house of Ethelwolde and so did Where he had no sooner set his eye vpon hir but he was so farre wrapped in y e chaine of burning concupiscence King Edgar seeketh the destruction of earle Ethelwold that to obteine his purpose he shortly after contriued Ethelwolds death married his wife Some say that the woman kindled the brand of purpose for where it was knowen that the K. would see hir Ethelwold willed hir in no wise to trimme vp hir selfe but rather to disfigure hir in foule garmeÌts some euill fauored attire that hir natiue beautie should not appeare but shee perceiuing howe the matter went of spight set foorthe hir selfe to y e vttermost so that y e K. vpon the first sight of hir became so farre enamored of hir beautie that taking hir husbande foorthe with him on hunting into a forrest or wood called then Werlewood King Edgar a murtherer and after Horewood not shewing that hee meante hym any hurt till at length hee had gote him within y e thicke of the woode where hee suddaynely stroke him through with his darte and as his bastarde son came to y e place the K. asked hym how he liked y e maner of hunting wherevnto he answered very wel if it like your grace for y t that liketh you ought not to displease me w t which answer y e K. was so pacified y t he indeuored by pretendyng his fauor towards the sonne to alleuiate the tyrannicall murder of the father Then did the K. marry the Countesse Alfred of hir begat two sons Edmond which died yoÌg Etheldred or Egelthred Besides this cruell acte wrought by king Edgar for the satisfying of his fleshly lust hee also played another part greatly to the stayne of hys honour mooued also by wanton loue wyth a yong Damsel named Wilfrid for after y t she had to auoyde the daunger of him eyther professed hir selfe a Nunne or else for a colour as the most part of wryters agree got hir selfe into a Nunrie and clad hir in Nunnes weede he tooke hir forth of hir Cloyster and lay by hir sundrie tymes and begat on hir a daughter named Edith who comming to conuenient age was made a Nunne His licencious life and incontinencie A thirde example of his incontinencie is written by Authours and that is this It chaunced on a time that he lodged one night at Andauer and hauing a minde to a Lordes daughter there he commaunded that she should be brought to his bed but the mother of the Gentlewoman woulde not that hir daughter shoulde be defloured and therefore in the darke of the night brought one of hir mayd seruants and layde hir in the kings bed she being both fayre proper and pleasant In the morning when the day beganne to appeare shee made haste to arise and being asked of the king why she so hasted that I may goe to my dayes worke if it please your grace quoth she Herewith she being stayed by the king as it were against hir will shee fell downe on hir knees and requyred of him that she might be made free in guerdon of hir nights worke For sayth she it is not for your honour that the woman whiche hath tasted the pleasure of the kings bodie should any more suffer seruitude vnder the rule and appoyntment of a sharpe and rough mistres The King then being moued in his spirites laughed at the matter though not from the heart as he that tooke great indignation at the doings of the Duchesse and pitied the case of the poore wenche But yet in fine turning the matter to a bourd he pardoned all the parties and aduaunced the wenche to high honour farre aboue those that had rule of hir afore so that shee ruled them willed they nilled they for he vsed hir as his paramour till time y t he maryed the foresaid Alfrede For these youthfull partes and namely for the rauishing of Wilfrida which though she were no Nunne yet the offence seemed right haynous for that he shoulde
report of his malitious practises to bryng hymselfe and hys sonnes to the chiefe seate of gouernemente in the Kingdome or that of hatred such slaunders were reysed of him it may of some perhappes be doubted bycause that in the dayes of King Edwarde whiche was a soft and gentle Prince hee bare greate rule and authoritie and so mighte procure to himselfe euill report for euery thing that chanced amisse as oftentimes it commeth to passe in suche cases where those that haue greate doyngs in the gouernemente of the common wealthe are commonly euill spoken of and that now and theÌ without their gilt But truth it is that Goodwin beeing in authoritie both in the dayes of K. Edward and his predecessors did many thyngs as should appeare by Writers more by will than by law Hen. Hunt and so likewise did his sonnes vpo presumption of the great puissance that they and theyr father were of within the Realme Hee had to wife the sister of K. Cnute Editha of whome hee begate three sonnes as some write that is to saye Polidor Harrolde Biorne and Tostie also his daughter Editha the which he found meanes to bestowe in marriage vpon King Edward as before ye haue heard But other write VVil. Malm. that he had but one sonne by Cnutes sister the whiche in riding of a rough Horse was throwen into the Riuer of Thames and so drowned His mother also was striken with a thunderbolte and so perished worthely as is reported for hir naughty doyings She vsed to buy great numbers of yong persons and namely maides that were of any excellencie in beutie and personage y t which she sent ouer into Denmarke and there sold them to hir most aduantage After hir decesse as the same authours record Goodwin married another woman by whome he had issue sixe sonnes Suanus or Swayne Harrolde Tostie or Tosto Wilnote Gurth and Leofricke of them mention is and shall be further made as places conuenient shall serue thereto Shortly after in the yeare .1057 Aldred Bishop of Worceter was sente ouer vnto the Emperoure Henry the third to fetche Edwarde the sonne of Edmund Ironside into EnglaÌd whom King Edwarde was desirous to see meaning to ordeyne him heire apparante to the Crowne but he died the same yere after he was now returned into England Edward the outlaw departed this life This Edward was surnamed the outlawe his body was buryed at Westminster or as other say in y e Church of Saint Paule within London 1056 Leofricke Erle of Chester departed this life Ran. Higd. Mat. VVest The same yeare that is to witte in the seuenteenth or in the sixtenth yeare of King Edwards raigne as some write Leofricke the noble Earle of Chester or Mercia that was sonne to Duke Leofwine departed this life in his owne Towne of Bromeley the last day of August and was buried at Couentrie in the Abbey there which he had builded This Earle Leofricke was a man of greate honor wise and discret in all his doyngs His high wisedome and policie stoode the Realm in great steede whilest he liued He had a noble Lady to his wife named Gudwina at whose earnest sute he made the Citie of Couentrie free of all manner tolle Couentrie made free of tolle and custome except for Horses and to haue that tolle layde downe also his foresaide Wife rode naked through the middest of the Towne without other couerture saue only hir heare Moreouer partly ⪠moued by his owne deuotion and partly by the perswasion of that noble Lady his wife he builded or beneficially augmeÌted and repared many Abbeyes and Churches as the saide Abbey or Priory at Couentrie the Abbeyes of Wenlocke Worceter Stone Eueshame and Leof beside Herford Also he buylded two Churches within the Citie of Chester Churches in Chester built the one called S. Iohns and the other Saint Werbrough The valew of y e iewels and ornaments which he bestowed on the Abbey Church of Couentrie was inestimable After Leofrickes death his sonne Algar was made Earle and entituled in all his landes and Seigniories In the yeare following to witte 1058. H. Hunt Algar Earle of Chester exiled the same Algar was accused again through malice of some enuious persons of treason so that he was exiled the land wherevppon he repared agayne vnto his old friend Griffin Prince of Northwales of whome hee was ioyfully receyued and shortly after by his ayde and also by the power of a nauie of Ships that by chaunce arriued in those parties at that selfe season vnlooked for out of Norway Sim. Dunel the said Algar recouered hys Earledome by force as some haue written King Edward about the twentith yere of his raine 1063 Sim. Dunel Math. VVest as then remayning at Glocester appoynted Earle Harrolde to inuade the Dominions of Griffin King of Wales Harrold taking with him a power of Horsemen made speed and came to Rutland and there brenned Griffins Palace and also his Shippes and then about midlent returned againe into England After this about the Rogation weeke Harrold eftsoones by the Kings commaundemente wente against the Welchmen and taking the Sea sayled by Bristowe round about the coast compassing in maner al Wales His brother Tostie that was Earle of Northumberland met him by appointment with an host of Horsemen and so ioyning togither Wales destroyed and harried by the Englishmââ The Welchmen agree to pay their accustomed tribute they destroyed the countrey of Wales in suche sorte that the Welchmen were compelled to submit themselues to deliuer hostages and conditioned to pay the auntient tribute which before time they had payd And moreouer they renounced their Prince the forenamed Griffin so that he remayned as a banished person and finally about the fifth day of August they slewe him and sent his head to Earle Harrold 1064 VVil. Malm. Sim. Dunel Afterwards King Edward graunted y e rule of Wales vnto Blengent or Blethgent and Riuall Griffins two brethren whiche did homage vnto hym for the same and hadde serued vnder Harrold against their brother the foresaid Griffin There be that write that not onely Griffin but also another of his brethreÌ also called Rise was brought to his death by the manfull meanes and politike order of Earle Harrold VVil. Malm. and all the sauadge people of Wales reduced into the forme of good order vnder the subiection of King Edwarde Shortly after Harrold goeth ouer into Normandy Polidor Earle Harrolde chaunced to passe ouer into Normandy whether of happe or of purpose it is harde to define writers varry so much in report thereof Some write that he made earnest suite to King Edward to haue licence to goe ouer to see his brother Wilnote Edmerus and his nephewe Hacun which as yee haue heard were deliuered as pledges to Kyng Edwarde and sente into Normandy to remayne there with Duke William and at length with muche adoe gote leaue but yet he was told
same time with the Ethiopians that had inuaded the realme of Egypt euen vnto Memphis This Gathelus to bee short went forth with his bandes agaynst the same Ethiopians vnder Moses the Captaine generall of the armie chosen thereto by diuine Oracle as Iosephus wryteth which Moses obteyned the victorie and conquered Saba by force he the chiefest and principall Citie which stoode in the Isle Meroe For such tokens of valiancie and worthie prowes as Gathelus shewed both in this Countrey in other places he grew also into such estimation with Pharao that he gaue him his daughter in mariage But Moses was rather enuied than honored for his doyng bycause the Egyptians doubted least the Israelites should encrease to such a puyssant multitude that in the ende they might vsurpe and chalenge the gouernance of the whole Realme and bring it by rebelling into their owne handes wherefore diuerse informations were made to the king agaynst him Moyses fled so that when he once perceyued himselfe to be in daunger of the lawe and looked for no mercie at their handes fled from thence out of the Countrey and gate him into the lande of Madian The Citie Thebes was giuen vnto Gathelus Scota daughter to Pharao Vnto Gathelus and his people there was giuen a Citie called Thebes Egyptiaca being taken from the Israelites Here must you vnderstande that Pharaos daughter whiche Gathelus thus maryed was called Scota of whom such as came of the posteritie of that nation were afterwardes and are at this present day called Scoti that is to say Scottish men and the land where they inhabite Scotia that is to say Scotlande The credite of this historie of Gathelus we leaue to the authors Israel oppressed Moses called out of Madian into Egypt Gathelus thus being aduaunced by such honourable maryage lyued all the dayes of his father in law Pharao Orus in great honour But after his discease and in the thirde generation an other king named Pharao Chencres succeeded in his throne who oppressed the people of Israel then abyding in Egypt with more boÌdage than euer his father or grandfather had don before him Neither was there hope of any redresse till Moyses returned by Gods appoyntment from amongst the Madianites where he had remayned in exile into Egypt and there declared vnto this Pharao Gods commaundement touching the deliuerance of his people But forsomuch as his wordes were regarded neyther with the king nor with his subiects Moses not regarded Exodus 5. that lande was plagued in most horrible and terrible maner and moreouer it was signified vnto such as sought to know what was meant by way of Oracles that sorer and more grieuous plagues should after follow if remedie were not founde the sooner Gathelus therefore being certified hereof and giuing credite to the Oracles aforesayde determined out of hande to forsake the countrey Gathelus leauing Egypt seeketh other countreyes and seeke him a new place of abode in some other partyes of the worlde Wherefore he caused a number of shippes to be rigged and all necessarie purueyance to be prouided and when the same was once readie and all things set in order he tooke with him his wife and children and a great multitude of people both Greekes and Egyptians whom he embarqued in those shippes Gathelus depaââ¦ting was Anno mundi 2453. W.H. 3643. H.B. and hoysing vp sayles departed out of the mouth of the riuer Nilus in the yeare of the worldes creation 2453. when hee had dwelled in Egypt .39 yeares and more Beeing thus departed after some trouble in the voyage they arriued first on the coastes of Numydia He was repulsed in Barbary whiche is one of the regions of Affrike now called Barbarie but beyng put backe from thence by the stowte resistaunce of the inhabitauntes they tooke the Seas agayne and landed in a part of Spayne whiche long after was called Lusitania He landed in Portingale There be that haue written how it should be cleped Port Gathele of this Gathelus and certaine yeares after Lusitania and eftsoones agayne in a maner to haue got the former name being somewhat corruptly called Portingale But who is able in a mater of such auncientie to auowche any thing for truth Gathelus with his companie beyng thus come to lande sought abrode in the countrey for vytayles and such other necessarie things as they wanted for their long being on the Seas had wasted all their purueyance The inhabitants resist Gathelus Were ouerthrowne whose arriual being once knowen in the countrey the people assembled togither and fiercely encountring with the straungers after sharpe and cruell fight in the ende the Spanyardes were put to the worse and chased out of the fielde This victory put Gathelus and his folkes in hope of good successe to haue their a place for them to inhabite in A communication and so to end their long wandering in straunge and vncertaine places And to the intent they might bring their purpose the more easily to passe they found meanes by way of communication to ioyne in friendship with the Spanyardes and obtayning of them a plotte where they might buylde a place for to inhabite in Gathelus buildeth the Citie Bracchara shortly after they began the foundation of a Citie neare to the bankes of the Riuer called of auncient tyme Mundus and afterwardes Bracchara It chaunced after this that the Spanyardes perceyuing these straungers to increase further in puysaââ¦nce than as they thought stoode well with theyr securitie sought diuerse occasions to fal at debate with them and to make warres vpon them But when they vnderstoode that Gathelus was as ready to defend A consultation as they were to inuade they eftsoones fell to a communication and perswaded with Gathelus that it should be best for him and his people for the auoyding of variance to remoue vnto the Northside of Spayne lying vpon the coastes of the Cantabrian seas nowe called Galitia where he should finde much voyde grounde by reason of the smal number of Inhabitants adding that if they would so do Gathelus left Portingale and went into Galitia He builded a Citie called Brigantia and nowe Compostella they would ayde them to the vttermost agaynst all such as shoulde attempt to disquiet their indeuours in any maner of wise This offer Gathelus gladly accepted and causing publike sacrifice to be celebrate in honour of the Goddes he departed with all his people into Galitia and there concluding a league with the inhabitants buylded a Citie which he named Brigantia but after it was called Nouium and now Compostella In continuance of time this nation grewe to a woÌderful multitude The Spaniardes fight with the Scotâ⦠infortunately so that the Spaniards doubting the worst determined to foresee remedie in tyme and herevpon purposing vtterly to destroy them got them againe to armour and with their whole puissance comming vpon the Scottish men gaue them a sore battaile though in the ende they
wyth him at the first time landed here in this Isle amongst them againe and being at three sundrie times fiercely encountred by king Cassybilan at length hee put the same Cassybilane wyth hys Brytaynes to flight The Brytaynes are ouerthrowne slaying and taking a great number of them Amongst other of the prisoners were three of their chiefest Captaynes Androgeus Cisentoriges and Tenantius By reason of which ouerthrow Cassibylane was so discouraged that doubting further mischief Cassybilane yeeldeth to Caesar he yeelded himselfe vnto Cesar accepting suche conditions of peace as were appoynted him and for performance of couenants delyuered sufficient pledges Cesar hauing thus conquered the Brytayns Iulius Caesar his message vnto the Scotes and Pictes sent his Ambassadours vnto the Kings of the Scottish men and Picts requiring them to submit themselues as Cassybilane had done or else he bad them looke for open warres at the Romaynes handes which they might assure themselues they should in no wise be able to sustaine considering their mightie and huge puissance hauing the most part of the whole worlde at theyr commaundement alreadie The answere of the Scottes and Pictes vnto Caesar his Ambassadors Wherevnto aswell the one king as the other made this or much-what the like answere that they were bent sooner to lose theyr liues than theyr lybertie Which their resolution if they were putte to the tryall shoulde be euidently proued by the deed it selfe Cesar hauing receyued this answere from these two nations Caesar sendeth new messengers vnto the Scottes and Picts but they sped muche like to the former he sendeth newe messengers vnto them with a more roughe embassie who not onely by threates but also by great reasons went about to perswade them vnto submission But they persisting in their former opinion for defence of their liberties and vtterly refusing all maner of bondage would encline by no meanes to come in any bonde of friendshippe with the Romaynes After the returne of these last messengers Cesar was fully resolued to enter into their Countreys to force them vnto that by dynt of sworde wherevnto by treatie he might not enduce them The rebellion of the Gaules breaketh Caesar his purposed iourney agaynst the Scottes and had set forwarde on that iourney shortly after in deede if he had not beene called backe into Fraunce to pacifie sundrie commotions there raysed by the reuolting of the people inhabiting those Countreys where the Picardes and Normans with other the inhabitantes neare aboute Chartres now dwell The common Scottishe Chronicles record howe Iulius Cesar came as farre as Kalendar wood Kalendar or Caledon wood there wan by force the citie of Camelon where the Pictish kings vsed most to soiourne This cannot be true for Caesar came not neare Scotland as in the Historie of Englande it appeareth Herevnto the same Chronicles adde that Cesar buylded a great stone house of .xxiiij. cubites in heigth and of .xij. cubites in breadth of square hewen stones right workemanly framed which house they saye Cesar caused to be vsed in steede of a iudgement Hall and here placed it neare the Ryuer of Caron ouer agaynst the forenamed Citie of Camelone as a witnesse that the Romaynes armie had beene so farre forwarde within that Countrey Suche an house there remayneth to be seene euen vnto this day and is called Iulius Hoff Iulius Hoff. that is Iulius Hall or Iulius Court Howbeit other more agreeable to the likelyhoode of a troth wryte that this house was sometymes a Temple buylded to the honour of Claudius Cesar and of the Goddesse Victoria by the Romaine Captaine Vespasian at suche tyme as he made warres in that Countrey before hys aduauncement to the Empyre The remnant of Ederus his raigne passed without any other notable trouble and so after he had raigned 38. yeares 48. H.B. 26. H.B. Ederus departeth this life he deceassed a very olde man about the 23. yeare of the Empyre of Augustus Cesar He was buried also at Dunstasage with all due pompe and solemnitie hauing dyverse obelyskes as the custome then was erected and sette vp aboute the place where hee was so intumilate In the first yeares of his raigne he was wholy drowned in lasciuious lecherie abandoning himselfe altogither to lie waltring amongst a sort of vile strumpettes A licentious king hys lust beeing neuer thorowely satisfied thoughe neuer so often awearyed The nobles of the realme he had in no regard at all of whom some he confined and some hee caused to be murthered onely bycause hee might the more freely without gainsaying haunte hys vile trade of liuing with their wiues and cosins Such delite he had also in his filthie and most abhominable ribaldrie Fylthie lawes that he made lawes for maintenance of the like amongst his subiectes as thus That it might be lawful for euery man to marrie diuerse and sundrie wiues some sixe some ten according to their substance and qualities And as for poore mennes wiues they were appoynted to be common vnto the Lordes of the soyle and further that the same Lordes shoulde first deflowre the Bride after hir mariage which last ordinaunce tooke such effect that of manye hundred yeares after it coulde by no meanes be abrogated thoughe the two former liberties were by authoritie of the Kings succeeding shortly after this Ewins deceasse taken away and reuoked But now to coÌclude touching y e doings of this Ewin ye shal vnderstand Ewin is pursued and forsaken of his subiectes y t at length such lords as greatly abhorred his vile conditions and vsages conspired agaynst him and raysing an armie of their friendes and partakers encountered with him in the fielde and there tooke him prisoner being destitute of all ayde and succours For such as he brought with him not once offered to strike one stroke in his quarell Ewin being thus taken Ewin condemned to perpetual prison was by and by condemned to perpetuall prison and Cadallane of whome ye haue heard before immediately proclaymed gouernour of the Realme Howbeit the night following after that Ewin according to the iudgement pronounced agaynst him was committed vnto warde a presumptuous yong man in hope to haue thankes of Cadallane entred into the chamber where he was enclosed Ewyn is strangled and there strangled him But in steede of thankes he was recompenced with death for Cadallane detesting such a wicked deed caused him to be hanged in open sight of all men Such was the ende of Ewin beeing thus dispatched in prison in the seuenth yeare after he began his raigne ouer the Scottish men beeing the ix 32. H.B. yeare of Augustus Cesar his gouernment of the Romaine Empyre AFter Ewin succeeded Metellanus Metellane sonne to one Carrane the brother of Ederus a prince of most gentle behauiour This Metellanus mainteyned his subiects in great quietnesse and rest without any maner of warres either forraine or Ciuill Such wicked lawes as his predecessour had established he did
into the Brytish confines spoyling and wasting the countrey with their accustomed cruelty Arthure discomfiteth the Saxons twise in battaile then againe lieth siege to Yorke and winneth it Wherevpon encountering them twice in battail he obteined the victorie and then besieging York at length he entred into that Citie by meanes of a Brytayn who dwelling amongst the Saxons there in the night season coÌueyed a sort of Brytains into the citie the which breaking open the gates in y e dead of y e night did let in al the whole host Where Arthur would not suffer his men to make any great murther of the enimies whiche were content to yeeld themselues Arthure vseth the victorie with gentlenesse but vsed them very gently therby to win more praise amongst all those that heard of his worthie victories The Brytaines hauing thus conquered the Citie of Yorke many feates of armes were dayly practized betwixt them and the Saxons which held possession still of the countrey there aboutes But the Britaines lying in that citie al the sommer and winter following The Brytaines soiourning for the winter time within Yorke giue themselues vnto banketting and voluptuousnesse at length beganne to take their ease namely in the depth of the winter and therewith gaue themselues to banketting drinking play and other kindes of voluptuous plesures so y t it seemed they trusted more to their passed victories than to their present force not fearing suche danger as was like to follow It is thought of some that aboute the same tyme Arthur firste instituted that the feaste of Christmasse shoulde be kept with such excesse of meates and drinkes in all kyndes of inordinate banquetting and reuell for the space of thirtene dayes togyther according to the custome vsed still throughe both the Realmes of England and Scotlande euen vnto this day resembling the feastes which the Gentiles vsed to keepe in the honour of their dronken God Bacchus Christmas bankets resembling the feastes Bacchanalia called in latine Bacchanalia wherein all kindes of beastly lust and sensuall voluptuousnesse was put in vre But whence soeuer or by whom soeuer this insatiable gourmandise came vp amongst vs surely a great abuse it is to see the people at suche a solemne feast where they ought to bee occupied in thankes giuing to almightie God for the sending downe of his onely begotten sonne amongst vs to giue themselues in maner wholy to gluttonie and excessiue filling of their bellies with such maner of lewd and wanton pastimes as though they shoulde rather celebrate the same feastes of Bacchanalia and those other which the Gentiles also kept called Floralia and Priapalia than the remembrance of Christes natiuitie who abhorreth all maner of such excesse But nowe to my purpose When the next Sommer was once come Arthure led forth hys Brytaynes agaynst their enimies but by reason of such ease and pleasure as they had taken whylest they soiourned in Yorke The Brytaines through rest and ease became vnapt to susteyne the paynes of warres being nowe come into the field they were able to abide no paynes so that no good was done of certaine yeares after till finally Arthure ioyned in league wyth Loth king of the Picts The conditions of which league were these That Arthure during his naturall life should raigne as king of the Brytains A league concluded betwixt Arthure king of Brytaynes and Loth king of Pictes and after his deceasse the kingdome to remaine vnto Mordred and his issue if he chaunced to haue any That the Pictes should ayde the Britaynes agaynst the Saxons and haue all suche landes as might bee recouered of them beyonde Humber Also the league whiche was betwixt them and the Scottes Mordred marieth the daughter of one Gawolane a Brytayne they should duely obserue Mordred should marrie the daughter of Gawolan a noble man amongst the Brytaynes and of highest authoritie next vnto Arthure himselfe the children of this maryage to bee brought vp with their grandfather in Brytain till they came to yeares of discretion Gawan or Gawen in seruice with king Arthure Gawan the brother of the foresayde Mordred shoulde serue king Arthure and receyue at his handes large entertainment and great possessions to mainteyne therewith his estate Other articles there were comprysed in this league according as was thought requisite for the maintenance of stable friendship betwixt these kings and their nations So that Arthur hauing concluded this league and still being desirous to purge the whole I le of all miscreantes and enimies of the Christian fayth Arthure sendeth Ambassadours vnto the kings of Scots and Pictes hee sente vnto the Scottish and Pictish kings requiring them on the behalfe of that dutie which they ought vnto the aduauncement of Christes religion to assemble their powers and to meete him at Tynmouth whither he woulde repayre to ioyne with them at such day as they would appoynt from thence to march forth agaynst the Saxons Loth king of the Pictes and Conranus king of the Scottishmen Scottes Pictes and Brytaines ioyne togither agaynst the Saxons fayled not in this so necessarie an enterprise but agreeable to Arthures request within fewe dayes after they came forwarde and ioyning with the Brytaynes forth they went agaynst the Saxons whom they vnderstoode to be alreadie in campe vnder the conduite of their king Occa in purpose to stop their passage When both the armies were approched neare togither they prepared to the battaile and fyrst Colgerme Duke of Northumberlande mounted vpon a light gelding rode almoste euen harde to the faces of the Pictes where they stoode in theyr order of battaile right stoutly Colgerme reproueth Loth. and there vttering many reprochfull wordes vnto Loth and other of his nobles for breach of their promised friendship to him and his Saxons declared that he trusted shortly to see iust punishment light vppon them for this falshood and vntruthes sake in thus ioyning with theyr former enimies against their most trustie friendes and stedfast allies The Pictishe king not greatly moued herewith commaunded his Standards to aduaunce forwarde and the Saxons likewise hasted apace towardes them so that the one being come within daunger of shot of the other the Pictes let flie their Arrowes right freshly Arthur in the meane time hauing set his people in aray exhorted theÌ to fight manfully and so soone as he perceyued that the fray was begon by the Picts he in semblable wise commaundeth the Brytaines to giue the onset so that immediately there ensued a sore conflict the Scottes beeing in the right wing sleaing Cheldricke one of the chiefest Captaines amongest the Saxons quickly discomfited that Wing with the which they were first matched Colgerme with his Saxons encountring as is sayde with the Pictes placed in the left wing rushed in amongst his enimies vpon an earnest desire to be reuenged of his aduersarie king Loth with such violence that at their first encounter he ouerthrew the same Loth
Picts were compelled to breake their array fall to plaine running away the Scots following so egrely in the chase that more of their enimies were thought to die in the flight than before there had done in y e battel S. Colme as yet being aliue and within his monasterie in the I le of Iona had knowledge by diuine inspiration as the Scottish chronicles make mention of all these matters how they went and at the very time that the battels were in fight togither he had assembled a companie of right vertuous and godly disposed persons making intercession for the prosperous speede of their king the foresayde Aydan and at the very instant as it was knowen after S. Colme endewed with the sprite of secrete knowledge ⪠that the Saxons began to flee as they which had the ouerthrow that holy old father shewed greate token of ioy and gladnesse declaring vnto his bretherne by the spryte of secrete knowledge or prophecie how Aydan had the better and that his enimies were discoÌfited willing them therevpon to giue vnto God thankes for the same There was an huge multitude slaine in this conflict Ceuline king of Westsaxons slaine but namely the death of Ceulyne king of the Westsaxons with other twoo woorthie Captaynes of that nation Quhitelline or Whiteline made the slaughter more sorowfull on that side the one of them hight Cialyne and the other Quhitellyne The day next after the batayle the spoyle of the field being gathered togither all that whiche was knowen to haue bene taken out of Galloway and other countreys of the Scottes was restored by the kings authoritie vnto the owners againe The deuision of the spoyle The residue which remayned was deuided amongst the souldiers the tenth parte onely excepted whiche was distributed vnto Priestes and Curates to bestowe the same vpon ornaments for theyr Churches The Banners and Standerds of the Saxons and Picts with many other riche offerings king Aydan sente vnto the Abbey of Colmekill there to remaine as perpetuall monuments and tokens of so notable a victorie The yeare next following that holy father S. Colme nowe almoste wasted through age S. Colme departed out of this life and hereto also sore troubled with a reumaticke humor fell sicke and died Some say hee ended his life in his house amongst his bretherne within the Isle of Iona otherwise called Colmekill but Saint Bede writeth howe hee died in an Iland called Heu where againe the Irishe wryters affirme that he departed in a towne in Ireland called Dune and that his tombe is there in great veneration of the people vpoÌ the which are these Latine verses engrauen Hitres in Duno tumulo tumulantur in vno Brigida Patricius atque Columba pius Which verses Balantine translateth thus Saint Colme Saint Patricke and Brigitta pure Thir three in Dune lies in ane sepulture Neither did Aydan the Scottishe king liue long time after Aydan king of the Scottishe meÌ departeth this worlde for hearing as is sayde that Saint Colme was dead shortly therevpoÌ more through griefe than by force of sickenesse he departed this worlde after he had reygned .xxxvij. yeares in gouernaunce ouer the Scottish men he died about the yeare of our Lorde .606 606. In the dayes of this Aydan there was sente into Albion from Gregory the Pope of Rome Augustinus Mellitus sonne into Albion diuers learned men amongst whom were Augustinus and Mellitus to instruct the English people in the faith of Christ whiche as yet they had not receyued By the earnest trauell and exhortation of these instructors Ethelbert is baptised Etherbert king of the Kentishe Saxons was baptised with all his people The Brittishe priests nor their doctrine the Saxons could in nowise abide The Saxons hatred toward the Brittishe Priestes bicause as is supposed the one nation through a naturall hatred still sought the destruction of the other Sussex and Essex receyue the Christian faith The South and east Saxons moued with the ensample of the Kentish Saxons shortly after also renounced theyr olde superstitious idolatrie and likewise receyued the Christian faith Edelfred his displeasure Edelfred king of Northumberlande moued vnto displeasure herewith sente woord vnto these Saxons of the south partes as then all of them generally knowen by the name of Englishmen that sithe they had forsaken the olde institutions and auncient religion of theyr forefathers hee woulde surely from thence foorth be no lesse enimie vnto them than vnto the Scottes and Brytons Valdred other wise called Baldred the doctor of the Pictes There liued in these dayes that holy man Valdred a Scottishe man borne but dwelling amongst the Pictes whom he instructed in the right faith and therefore was named the doctor of the Pictes He departed out of this life within the Iland called the Basse lying about .ij. miles off from the maine land within the sea where the Forth hath the entry betwixt the same Isle and an other called the May. There were three parishes fell at contention for the buriall of his bodie as Aldham Tynningam Preston so farre forth that they were at point to haue fought about it but that by councell of some discrete persons amongst them it was ordeyned that they should continue in prayer for that night in the next morning stande to the order of the Bishop of the diocese who was come thyther the same time to be present at the buriall The next day in the morning there was found .iij. beeres with .iij. A myracle if it be true bodies deceÌtly couered with clothes so like in all resemblance that no man might perceyue any difference Then by coÌmaundemeÌt of the bishop and with great ioy of all the people the sayde seuerall bodies were caried seuerally vnto the sayd three seuerall Churches and in the same buried in moste solemne wise where they remayne vnto this day in muche honour with the coÌmon people of the countreys neare adioyning AFter that the corps of king Aydan was buried in Colmekill Kenethus Keyr Kenethus Keyr crowned king of Scottes the nobles of the realme assembled togither in Argyle aboute the election of a newe king Where by the generall voyces of theÌ al Kenethus Keyr the sonne of Conualle sometime king of the Scottish men as before is mencioned was nowe proclaymed king and crowned according to the maner but hee liued not passing .iiij. moneths after but died of a catharrike rewme falling downe into the artery called Trachea Kenethus Keir dieth of the cough of the lungs He deliuered as it were the possession of his kingdome by way of surrendring the same into the handes of Eugenius sonne to king Aydan Eugenius the fourth of that name by consent of all the nobles a litle before he died for that it was knowen he had a right therevnto after the decease of Kenethus A louer of peace quietnesse This Eugenius then beyng placed in the kingly seat forgot not
of the battaile he was one of the forwardest captaines against them ⪠vnto this Oswalde was sente a Scottishman calleâ⦠Corman to instruct the Northumberland men in the faith after him Aydan as in the englishe historie ye may reade more at large Finally he was slain by PeÌda king of Mertia as in y e same historie appereth His death chanced in y e third yere of Donnewald the Scottish king 12. H.B. who sore lamented the same as of that prince whoÌ he loued right entierly Neither lyued king Donnewalde anye long tyme after the deathe of hys deare freende For that in the fifteenth yeare of of his reigne being got into a boate to fish in the water called Lochtay for his recreatioÌ his chaÌce was to be drowned by reson the boate soonk vnder him Donwald the Scottish king drowned 645. H.B. Certain days after his body being fouÌd and takeÌ vp was buried amongst his auncetors in Colmekil in the yeare of our Lorde .647 About the same time ther liued in France .iij. brethren of greate holinesse of life being sonnes vnto Philtan king of Ireland the which he begot of his wyfe Galghetes descended of the lynage of the kings in Scotlande The names of which .iij. brethren were as followeth Furseus Foilanus Foââ¦lianus and Vltanus Furseus professing him self a monke of S. Benets order ⪠passed ouer into Fraunce there to set forth enlarge that profession being receyued of king Clowys began the fundation of a monasterie there called Latinie in the which he placed Monkes of that order and began to sowe in those parties the seedes of the Gospel but not without the darnell of mens traditions as Io. Bale sayth in the .xiiij. centurie of the Brittish writers His two brethren Foillan Vltan folowed him ouer into France and both by worde and example instructed the FrenchmeÌ to imbrace the faith of Christ to renounce y e religion of the Gentils so y t it seemeth as yet such as professed themselues to be monks men of religioÌ as they were called had not left of to labor in the Lords vineyard spending their tyme in reading the scriptures to instruct teach others and to exercise Prayer and thankesgiuing So as no small number by their wholsome doctrine and good example were conuerted to the christian faith Anno .854 Sigebertus Fossense monasterium Foillan at length was martired in a monasterie whiche he hadde founded in France called Fosse Sââ¦ife aboute the celebrating of the feast of Easter About the same tyme there was also a conteÌtion amongst them in Albion for keeping of the Easter day the Scottishe byshops some of the Brytons varying in their account from all other prelates of the West but at length through perswasion of the Pope they confessed their error if it ought so to be taken and coÌsented to celebrate that feast according to the accompt of other nations These things chaunced in the days of king Donwald Ferquhard Ferquhard the seconde of that parte treated king of Scotlande Ferquhard being king was ãâ¦ã he was ãâã he sheweth liberaââ¦tie AFter the decesse of Donwalde his nephewe Ferquhard the sonne of his brother the other Ferquhard succeeded in gouernemente of the Realme a man of quicke liuely spirit but enclined neuerthelesse rather vnto euill than vnto good specially after he had atteyned the crowne in somuch as it was commonly spoken of him that from a liberal and most gentle humane person he was sodenly changed into an insatiable most cruell monster Before he came to y e crown he was liberall beyonde measure There was no gentleman y t wanted money eyther to redeeme his lands engaged or to bestow in dower for the mariage of his daughter but if he had wherwith to helpe him hee might accompte him selfe sure thereof Priests and other deuoute persons specially such as were poore and in any necessitie he oftentimes most bountifully releeued to their greate ease and comfort To be briefe suche a readinesse was in him to help al meÌ that as was thought he could better be contented to want himself thaÌ to see other men haue neede of any thing y t was in his possession so that al men iudged him most worthy of all princely authoritie But after he was once placed in the kingly seate he so altered his conditions that men coulde not but wonder muche therat Where before he was knowne to be liberal wel disposed righteous sober and a reformer of offeÌces he was now forthwith become couetous wicked towards god a tormentor of the iust righteous people and insatiable in all vnlauful affections That which before time he had giuen vnto any of y e nobilitie Giftes are required as a loan he now without al shame most vncurteously demaunded to be to him restored alledging that he did but lend it for the time And such as went about to delay restitution preteÌding any excuse Loe what a pretence couetousnes hath he caused their goodes to be confiscate and also their bodies to be coÌmitted to prison Now and then he found meanes without cause or matter to put some of them to cruel death For their goodes sake prelates are troubled Suche of the Prelates as he vnderstode to be wealthy he rested not till he had piked one mater or other vnto them wherby they were sure to forfaite all their treasure vnto his coffers that neuer myght be filled The bishops of the realme The kyng is excommunicated namely those two reuerend fathers Colman Fynnan perceyuing such wickednes in the prince blamed him sharply sundry times for the same at length bicause they saw howe he regarded not their admonishments he was by them excoÌmunicate whereof he so little passed The king is hunting that when other wente vnto the church to heare diuine seruice he woulde get him to the woodes forrests to hunt the harte or some other game Neither were suche wanting as were willing to keepe him companie He was a glutton so redy is the nature of man at all tymes to follow liceÌtious libertie He vsed also contrary to the custome of his countrey to eate .iij. meales a day hauing such number of dishes and abundance of delicate fare as the like had not bene vsed at any tyme before those dayes in that realme and all to serue his greedy appetit together with theyrs that followed his companie Of wines and other strong drinkes he would participate abundantly at all times and places without regard of health or honor A drunckard he was also being exceedingly giuen vnto moste beastly drunkennesse He customaryly vsed to sit at supper till it were very late in the night hauing his banketting dishes and cuppes to come in one after an other till he were so mistempered that being layde to sleepe he would streyght vomite out such heauy gorges as he had in suche most gluttenous wise receiued Herevnto he was so drouned in the
couet to aduaunce our Countrey our owne rest and quietnesse and to be briefe if we passe vpon life and libertie the moste dearest things that maye happen to man let vs with ioyfull heartes establish this league with the French men and firmely continue in the same vppon assured trust and confidence that it shall bring perpetuall commoditie and renowne vnto vs both for the safegarde of our realme and restraynt of the English mens vnlawfull attemptes wrongfull iniuries which hereafter they either shall or may at any time enterprise agaynst vs. By this Oration Albian drew the multitude easily vnto his purpose Then Achaius vnderstaÌding how the minds of all his subiects were in maner wholy inclyned to the league coÌmaunded al the coÌpany to be ther in the same place againe the next day And so breaking vp their assembly for y t time the king made the French Ambassadors y e night a costly supper with a banket The league with the French men agreed vpon and after hauing coÌference w t his nobles lords of the counsel it was agreed by general coÌsent amongst theÌ that for the solemne ratifying of this league with king Charles according as he had requyred there should go with his Ambassadors at their returne the Lord William the brother of king Achaius with foure other honorable learned personages being men of perfite knowledge skil and such as were esteemed most meete for such a purpose Also y t they should take iiij M. men ouer with theÌ to serue against the infidels enimies of the christian religion where in such sort as king Charles should appoint theÌ Hereupon the next day going first to Church and there making their common supplications vnto almightie God The league is encluded according to the rytes and auncient customes they after resorted vnto the councell chamber where Achaius opened and declared vnto the French Ambassadors al that was concluded by him and other estates of hys realme touching the message whiche they had brought from king Charles Who reioysing as should appeare greatly hereat gaue most hartie thankes vnto him and to all the residue for theyr beneuolent willes herein shewed towardes king Charles their maister all the French Nation After this remayning certaine dayes with Achaius who made them all the cheare that might be imagined Hungus king of the Pictes they departed towardes Hungus king of the Picts vnto whom at their coÌming to his presence they made y e like request on their masters behalfe whiche they had made before vnto Achaius It is sayd that Hungus gaue the French men most hartie thankes for their good willes Hungus refused to coÌclude any league with the French men but yet he would not graunt to coÌclude any league with theÌ at that time for that as he alledged the matter being weightie and of great importaunce required no small time to deliberate and take aduice for a full resolution therein The Ambassadors hereupon returned vnto Achaius without speed of their purpose with Hungus The French Ambassadors returned home and the second moneth after all things being readie for their returne and the passage of those that should go with them the Lord William the kings brother togither with the same Ambassadors and such foure persons as the king had chosen forth amongst all the learned Cleargie of his realme whose names were Clement Claudius Clement Iohn Maesbel Raban Alcuine Iohn Raban and Alcuine and also hauing with him those foure M. men of warre which were at the first apoynted to goe with him passed forth towardes France where he with all the whole coÌpanie landed within few dayes after in saftie according to their owne wished desires At their comming into Fraunce The Scottish men are honorably receyued of Carolus the French king Charles the Emperor receiued them in most gladsome wise doing them all the honor that might be deuised the souldiers which were come to serue him vnder the leading of the foresayd William he retayned in wages vsing them after the same sort and rate as he did his own naturall people the French men The league is published by Heraldes Shortly after also at the request of the Scottish orators according to y e charter signed by Achaius and confirmed by consent of king Charles the league betwixt the French men and Scottes was solemnely published by Heraldes at armes according to the maner in those dayes vsed the same to endure betwixt those two nations and their posterities for euer The chiefest articles comprised in this league were as followeth The articles of the league The amitie and confederation betwixte the French men and Scottes to be perpetuall firme to endure betwixt them the posterities of both the nations for euer The iniuries and warres which the English men should attempt against either nation should be accounted as common to them both The French men being assayled by warres of the English men the Scottes should sende theyr ayde of souldiers hauing their charges borne by the French men as well for furniture as wages and all other things necessarie The French men shoulde contrariwise ayde the Scots in time of warres against the English men at their owne proper costes and charges Whatsoeuer he were priuate person or publike of these two confederate nations that against eyther of them should ayde the English men wyth armor counsell vitailes or in any other maner of wise the same should be reputed for a trayter vnto both their Princes and countreys Neither might either of them conclude a peace or take any truce without consent of the other These were the principall Articles of the league as then confirmed betwixte the Scottes and Frenchmen indited in Latine and fayre ingrossed in parchment reserued as a monument in both realmes for a witnesse vnto such as shuld come after of this friendship thus begunne as the Scottes Chronicles affyrme And for a further memorie of the thing The armes of Scotlande Achaius did augment his armes being a red Lion in a field of golde with a double trace seamed wyth floure de Lyces signifying thereby that the Lion from thencefoorth shoulde bee defended by the ayde of the Frenche men and that the Scottishe Kings shoulde valiauntlye fight in defence of theyr Countrey libertie Religion and innocencie whiche are represented by the Lylies or Floure de lyces as Herauldes doe interprete it The Lord William the sayd Clement and Iohn remayned stil with king Charles but Raban and Alcuine returned into their countrey In all such warres and iourneyes as Charles afterwardes made agaynste any of his enimies The valiantnes of William the sayde Lorde William was a chiefe doer in the same so that his fame and authoritie dayly grew in all places where the came His seruice stoode King Charles in notable stead in his expeditions agaynst the Saxons Hungarians other but namely his estimation in Italy was most highly aduaÌced at what time the
any mater in controuersie Aduersaries in suyte of law shall be iudged giltie of the action and the other set free If oxen or kyen chaunce by runnyng togither to kill one an other Oxen or kyne ⪠hurting eche other the truthe beyng not knowen whiche it was that did the hurte that which is founde without hornes shall be iudged the occasion of the skathe and he that is owner of the same shall haue the dead beast satisfie him for the losse to whom it belonged If a sow eate hir pigges A Sowe let hyr be stoned to death and buried so that noman eate of hyr fleshe A swyne that is founde eating of corne that groweth in the field Swyne or wrooting vpon the tilled groundes let it be lawfull for any man to kill the same without daunger Other kindes of beastes Beasts domage ââ¦esant wherein other men haue any propertie if they breake into thy pastures or eate vp thy corne impounde them till time the owner haue satisfied thee for the quantitie of the domage These were cyuill ordinaunces belongyng to the good gouernment of the people Articles touching religioÌ other there were whiche appertayne to religion as these Thou shalt deuoutly reuerence the Aulters TeÌples Images Oratories Chapels Priests and all men of religion Keeping of holy dayes Thou shalte obserue with dewe reuerence festiuall and solemne holy dayes fasting dayes vygiles and all maner of ceremonies instituted by the godly ordinaunce of man in the honour of our Sauiour Christe and his Saintes To hurt a Prieste let it be accompted an offence woorthie of death Priests That grounde wherein any that is slayne lieth buried Ground to be left vntilled leaue it vntilled for seuen yeares space Repute euery graue holy Graues and adorne it with the signe of the crosse so as thou shalt be well aduised that in no wise with thy feete thou treade vpon it Burie the dead according to the quantitie of his substaunce Buriall The body of a noble man of him that hath well deserued of the common wealth Buriall of noble men shal be buried in solemne and pompouse wise but yet in mourning sorte and dolorous manner Let there be two knights or squiers to attend his bodie to the graue the one being mounted vpoÌ a whyte horse shal beare the coate armure of the dead the other in mourning apparell with his face couered shal ride vpoÌ a blacke horse who after the corps is brought to churche turnyng his horse from the Aulter shall crie out how his maister is dead therwith the people making an outcrie against him he shall straight wayes departe and get him with all speede to the place froÌ whence he came the other going straight to the aulter shall there offer vp to y e priest his coate armure with his horse as a token to signifie therby that his master doth enioy euerlasting lyfe in the land of permanent light and ioyes eternall But this custome of buriall as that whiche was supposed not appertayning to the order of the Christian religion the age that followed dyd vtterly abolishe appoynting to the Priestes in steede of the horse and armure .v. pound sterlyng in money for the offering With these and diuers other ordinaunces whiche tyme and other statutes by other kings diuised haue abrogated Kenneth gouerned his people in great felicitie during his lyfe time The Bishops sea whiche before had bene at Abirnethy S. Reule his Church nowe called Saint Andrewes hee translated vnto the Churche of that holy man Saint Reule Euer sithe whiche time the towne hath bene called Saint Andrewes and those whiche gouerned the same Churche long time after were called the greate Bishoppes of Scotlande for the realme was not deuided into Dioceses till the daies of Malcolme the thyrde who by deuine inspiration as is sayde ordeyned the sea of Murthlake now called Abirden but suche as were reputed of vertuous behauiour and knowledge meete for the office vsed the authoritie and rowmeth of Bishoppes in what place so euer they were resident Yet suche was the continuaunce of those which gouerned the church of Saint Andrewes that there haue bene aboue the number of fortie Bishoppes resident there sithe the firste institution of that sea many of them for the opinion conceyued of theyr holinesse beyng numbred accordyng to the maner in times paste in the register of Saints The boundes ãâã Scottish kiââ¦gdome But nowe to returne vnto Kenneth who hauing as is sayde enlarged the boundes of his kingdome so as the same stretched foorth vnto the confynes of Northumberlande on the one side and to the Isles of Orknay on the other the sea compassing in the residue at the length after hee hadde reygned aboute twentie yeares in greate renowme and glory hee departed out of this lyfe King Kenneth departeth out of this life 85â⦠H.B. through to muche abundââ¦Ìââ¦ce of rewmatike mater at Fortivoite in the yeare of our Lorde .856 His bodie was conueyed into the Isle of Colmekill and there honorably buried amongst his auncestours Donald AFter his deceasse succeeded in gouernment of the realme his brother Donald Donald the ãâã of that ãâã accerâ⦠ãâã brother Kenneth farre differing in qualities from his noble brother the foresayde Kenneth but yet before he came to the rule of the realme he disclosed not his vicious nature for doubte of offending the king his brother The king is of dissolute behauiour Neuerthelesse he had continued vnneth twoo yeares in the astate but that he had subuerted all good orders in his realme by his naughtie ensamples of dissolute liuing for his minde was set on nothing but on wanton pleasures as in the vnlawfull vse of concubines riotous banquetting keepyng of Hawkes Houndes and Horses for pleasure and not for the vse of warres whereof hee had no regarde at all for suche charges as hee shoulde haue bene at for mayntenance of men of warre to keepe the frounters of his realme was imployed vpon a sorte of rascals that serued him in the furtherance of his wanton delites and voluptuous desires as HuntsmeÌ Fauconers Cookes Bawdes Ruffians and suche lyke Wherevpon diuers of the Nobles remembring what appertayned to theyr dueties The king is admonished of his Nobles spared not but freely admonished the king what daunger woulde ensue of his misordered behauiour if hee reformed not his manners nor restrayned the licencious doyngs of his seruaunts and familie But when they perceyued that theyr woordes were not regarded but for the same they themselues ranne into displeasure they sorrowed not a litle to see so small hope of amendment of suche enormities as euery where reygned through the region for all youthfull persons gyuen to sensuall luste followed the same without any feare or care of correction so that there was no measure of offending and haunting of euill rule in all parties in so muche that shortely through wante of all good gouernaunce wrong
Ebbes head Saint Ebbes head The Scottes keepe off the Danes from landing Here Camus going about to lande his men was kept off by the stout resistaÌce of the Scots there assembled for the same intent Camus then plucking vp sayles directed his course vnto the Isle of Sketh where riding at an anker for the space of one moneth abiding for some prosperous winde at leÌgth when the same came once about Camus with his army landeth at the Redbrayes he passed from thence vnto the Redbrayes called in latine Rubrum promontorium there landed his whole army before the countrey coulde be gathered to resist him Camus being once landed got him to the next hill and beholding the ruines of the towne of Monfros which a few yeares before had bene destroyed by the Danes hee reioyced not a litle for that his chaunce was to come a lande in the selfe same place where the Danes had earst vanquished their enimies hoping of like lucke in this his enterpryse and present expedition After this Camus marcheth through Angus he tooke his iourney through Angus sparing no maner of crueltie that might be deuised Cities Townes villages Churches with all maner of other buildings publike and priuate were consumed with fire The crueltie of the Danes ⪠At his coming to Brechyn for that the castel there in those dayes was of suche strength that it might not be hastely wone The towne church of Brechyn destroyed he caused the towne and churche being right fayre and sumptuously builde in honour of the trinitie to whom it was dedicate to be spoyled so rased to the earth that one stone was not left standing vpon an other With these and the semblable cruelties Camus raging both against God maÌ was finally aduertized that king Malcolme was come to Dundee with all the power of Scotland Then sodenly he tooke the next way towards the sea side coÌming the day next following vnto a village called Basbrid where he pitched downe his tentes King Malcolme hasteth forewarde to fight with the Danes The same day king Malcolme making all hast possible to suceââ¦ur his subiects and preserue the countrey froÌ the cruel outrage of the Danes came to the towne of Barre twoo litle miles froÌ the place where his enimies were encamped In the mornyng he drew into the field in purpose to giue them bataile Malcolmes oââ¦ation But before he arrayed his batayles he called his nobles captains togither desiring them to consider how they should match in fight against people blinded with vile auarice liuing on the spoyle pillage got by theeuery not by any iust warres enimies not onely to the Christian faith but also vnto all innoceÌt people whom they sought vniustly to inuade without hauing occasioÌ so to do saue only vpon an iniurious meaning to liue by reif of other meanes goodes wherin they haue no maner of propertie ⪠He willed them therefore to remember how they were come thus against those enimies in defenes of theyr natiue countrey appointed vndoubtedly by God to reuenge the cruell iniuries done by the Danes against his name and people that professed the same They ought not then to measure force in number of souldiers but rather in manhood and valiancie of harte Camus likewise exhorted his people Camus exhorteth his Danes not vsing many woords but yet pithie desiring theÌ to remember how it behoued them either to winne immortall fame by victorie either els to die with miserie in an vncouth lande by the hand of their most fierce and cruell enimies Herewith Malcolme enbatayling his people brought them foorth strongly raunged in good order to encouÌter the Danes which likewise approched towards him in good array of battell his harte was filled the more with hope of victorie for that he had tried sundry times before y e force of the enimies in diuers coÌflicts encouÌters The nature of valiaunt hartes and noble stomakes For such is the nature of noble valiaÌt stomakes the more experience they haue in honorable enterprises the more are they kindled in desire to shewe their prowes in famous actes worthy atteÌpts The armies herevpon on both sides fiercely rushing togither A bloudy batayle began the battell right cruell terrible continuyng certaine houres with suche bloudshed that the riuer of Lochtee ranne with a purple hue downe into the Almayne seas The fields also where they fought though they were full of sande as the nature of the soyle giueth yet were they made moyst by the aboundance of bloude spilled in the same Many there were so earnestly bent to be reuenged on the enimie that after they had their deaths wound they would runne theÌselues foreward vpoÌ the aduersaries weapoÌ till they might close with him enforcing their vttermost powers to dispatch him also so that diuers were seene to fall to the ground togither fast grasping one another so immediatly both of them to die withall such brenning hatred kindled theyr harts that thus were they wholy set on reuenge Malcolme winneth the field At length yet the honor of y e field remayned w t Malcolme Camus perceiuing the discoÌfiture to light on his side with a smal coÌpanie about him Camus's slaine thought to haue escaped by flight vnto y e next mouÌtains but being pursued of his enimies he was slayne by them ere he was got .ij. miles froÌ the place of the bataile The place where he was slayne is named after him vnto this day called Camestone An Obeliske where is an Obeliske set vp in memory of the thing with his picture grauen therein and likewise of those that slewe him The principal flear of Camus was one Keith The house of Keithes aduaunced to honour a yong gentelman of right hardy courage whose seruice in the batayle was very notable in recompence wherof he was rewarded by K. Malcolme with sundry lands and fayre possessions in Louthian His family saith Hector Boetius hath and doth continue in great honour amongst ScottishmeÌ euen vnto this day and is decorated with the office of the Marshalship of Scotland to the high renowme and fame thereof amongst the chiefest peeres of the realme Danes slaine at Adirlemnon An other companie of the Danes fleing from this ouerthrow were slayne at Adirlemnon not past .iiij. miles from Brechyn where is set vp a great stone or Obeliske grauen with certayne characters or letters to aduertise them that passe that wayes forth of this slaughter of Danes there made by our worthy elders The residue of the Danes that escaped with life from the fielde hauing certaine Scottishmen to theyr guydes corrupted w t monie fled to theyr ships declaring to their fellowes what mishap had forââ¦med King Malcolme after he had obtayned this famous victorie as before is sayde at Barre The deuiding of the spoyle he caused the spoile of the field to be deuided amoÌgst his souldiers according to the lawes of
to menne of common stature as he auoucheth whereby it shoulde appeare that men in olde time were of much greater stature and quantitie of bodie than any that are to be found in these our dayes Malcolme being thus deliuered of his enimies the Danes Publike prayers caused publike prayers generally to be made throughout the realme in rendring thanks to almightie God that it had pleased him to deliuer his people from the troubles of warre The repayring of Churches He tooke order also that churches shoulde be repayred which by the enimies in time of the warres had bene destroyed The restoring of lawes and iustice And further he caused the administratioÌ of the lawes and holesome ordinaunces of the realme to be vsed and put in practise according to the due forme of the same which many yeares afore could haue no place by reason of the warres A parliament at Bertha He caused an assemble of all the estates of his realme to be called at Bertha a castell in those dayes standing not farre from the place where the towne of Perth nowe standeth In whiche conuention were many things enacted both for the setting foorth of Goddes honour and the weale of the realme whereby Malcolme wanne much prayse amongst his subiectes to the eternall memorie of his name After this ⪠supposing it moste honorable to aduaunce the bloud of such as had serued well in the lastâ⦠ãâã or had their fathers or other frindes slaine in the same A parliament at Scone he called a parliament at Scone in the whiche causing partition to be made of the realme Diuision of the realme into Baronnies by deuiding it into Baronnies he bestowed the same amongst the nobles according to the qualitie of euery one his merites referring in maner nothing to the maintenance of the crowne common entries onely excepted with the mountayne wherein the marble chaire stood and a fewe other possessions whiche he purposed to giue vnto churches and chapels The nobles on the other parte to the ââ¦dâ⦠the king might haue sufficient wherewith to maintayne his royall estate graunted vnto him and his successours for euer The wardship of heyres graunted to the king the custodie and wardship of theyr heyres if they chaunced to die leauing them vnder the age of .xxj. yeares ãâã the meane time till the same heyres came to the sayd age they agreed that the king his successours shoulde enioy the vse and profites of theyr landes whether they were men or women and when they came to the age of .xxj. yeares that then they should enter into the possession of their landes yeelding vnto him or his successours one yeares rent in name of a reliefe and if they chauÌced not to be maried before their fathers deceasse Mariage of wardes theÌ also should they marie at the kings appointment or els compounde with him for the same Thus ended the parliament for that season with great ioy and comforte on eche hande for that the king had shewed suche liberall bounteousnesse towardes his Barones and they no lesse mindefull of their dueties had declared suche beneuolent hartes as appeared in that theyr free and large gifte graunted in forme and maner as before is expressed Neyther did Malcolme forget the vowe whiche he made at Murthlake when he was in daunger to haue receyued the ouerthrow at the handes of the Danes for according to the same vowe he caused a church to be buylt in the same place erecting a Bishops see there and endowed it with the landes and possessions of these three places Murthlake Cleometh and Dunmeth The sea of Murthlake otherwise Abyrden with all Ecclesiasticall iurisdictions and tithes apperteyning thereto The Bishops that sat in this see were called the Bishops of Murthlake till the dayes of king Dauid the first who chaunging the name caused them to be called the Bishops of Abyrdene augmeÌting the see with sundry fayre reuenewes to the better mayntenance thereof The nobles hauing great indignation at such crueltie vsed by the king against them and theyr lynage and that vpon no iuste causes but onely vpon forged deuises The conspiracie of the scottish nobilitie against Malcolme they conspired in sundry meetings secretely appointed amongst them to finde some meanes to dispatch him out of life At length he chaunced to haue some inckling whereabout they went and doubting to fall into their handes fled for sauegarde of his lyfe vnto Glammis Malcolme slayne at GlaÌmis where diuers of the conspiratours were brought into his lodgyng by some of his owne householde seruantes and there slew him in reuenge of their freendes whom he before had wrongfully put to death These murtherers with their complices incontinently fled with all speede possible to auoyde further dauÌger for this their act but missing their way for y t the ground was quite couered as then with snowe they finally came to the Loch of Forfayr which was the same time frosen ouer They therefore thinking to passe ouer it when they came into the midst The murtherers drowned the Ise brake vnder theÌ so that sinking in they were finally drowned Howbeit their bodies were afterwards draweÌ forth of the Loche with dragges and dismembred and the heads and quarters were sente vnto diuers townes of the realme and there hung vp for a signification of their wicked treason This was the ende of king Malcolme in the xxxij yeare of his reygne if ye recken from the death of Constantine 31. H.B. or .xxv. after the death of Grime and after the incarnation of our sauiour 1034. yeares 1040. H.B. He was buried in Colmekill with his auncetours In this season were seene many wonders and straunge sightes in Albion Straunge sightes On Christmas day there was an earthquake and a great rifte of the earth made therewith in the middest of Streuelyng towne out of the which issued such an abundant streame of water that it bare away the next wood that was adioyning vnto the ryuer of Forth In the sommer the sea rose higher and flowed further into the land than euer had bene seene at any other time On midsomer day whiche is the feast day of Saint Iohn Baptist there was suche a vehement froste that the corne and other fruytes of the earth were blasted and killed so that therevpon followed a great dearth in al the countrey Duncan AFter Malcolme succeeded his Nephew Duncan the sonne of his doughter Beatrice for Malcolme had two daughters Duncan king of Scotland y e one which was this Beatrice being giuen in mariage vnto one Abbanath Crinen a man of great nobilitie and Thane of the Isles and west partes of Scotlande bare of that mariage the foresayd Duncan The other called Doada was maried vnto Synell the Thane of Glammis by whom she had issue one Makbeth a valiant geÌtleman Makbeth and one that if he had not bene somewhat cruell of nature might haue bene thought most worthie the gouernmeÌt of
is slaine who encountering with Lugtake at a vyllage called Essen in Bogdale slue him and discomfited his whole power ordring the matter with them in such wise that afterwardes there was no more trouble attempted in that behalfe After this the realme continued in peace certaine yeares A bande of theeues till it chaunced a great number of theeues and robbers assembling themselues togither at Cocbourne pethes did much hurt by robbing and spoyling the people in the countreys of Mers Patrike Dunbar vanquisheth the theeues and robbers of the countrey and Louthian howbeit at length one Patryke Dunbar of Dunbar by commaundement of the king fought with them slue their captaine with six hundred of his companie and tooke fourscore prisoners the which he caused to be hanged And thus hauing deliuered the countrey of those pyllers with losse of fortie of his owne men hee returned to the king with the head of the captain of that route Patrike Dunbar Earle of March so that for his manhood herein shewed he was made by the king Earle of March and for the maintenaunce of his estate had the landes of Cocbourne pethes giuen to him and his heyres for euer vpon this condition that in tymes comming the Earles of March shoulde purge Mers and Lonthian of all theeues and robbers In memorie whereof The heade of a theefe or fellon giuen in armes hee was commaunded to beare in his armes a fellons heade sprinckled with bloud Shortly after he got knowledge howe there were certaine Gentlemen that had conspired to a slea him conspiracie and therefore taking occasion to goe a hunting where this act should haue bene executed he calleth the chiefe authour of the conspiracie apart into a certaine valley which was closed on euery side with thick woods and there brake the matter vnto him in reprouing him right sharply for that hee had so trayterously conspired hys death whose preseruation hee ought chieflye to haue wished considering the manifolde benefites he had receyued at his handes The manly courage of K. Malcolme And herewith leaping from his horse drew his sword commaunding the other likewise to draw his that ãâã hauing conuenient time and place thereto they might trie the matter betwixt them who should be thought most worthie of life by opeâ⦠force of knightly prowes The conspirator hearing these wordes as a man altogither astonished fell downe vpon hys knees at the kings feete beseeching his grace of mercie for his wicked purpose and haynous offence who seeing him thus penitent bad him arise and sayde I am content hereupon to forgiue thee so that thou be not of counsell hereafter in any such trayterous practise Whylest things passed thus in Scotlande great and marueylous chaunces came to passe within the Realme of Englande For after the death of king Edward surnamed the Confessor See more here of in England Harold the sonne of Earle Eoodwin tooke vpon him the kingdome But William bastard Duke of Normandie pretending tytle to the crowne of Englande at length inuaded the land ââ¦eaing Harold in fielde made a full conquest of the realme and was crowned king at London by Eldred Archbishop of Yorke Here ye haue to vnderstand that king Edwarde in his life time had sent for his nephew Edwarde the sonne of his brother Edmonde Ironside to come home forth of Hungarie whither after his fathers deceasse he and his brother Edwin had beene sent away as in the Hystorie of Englande it appeareth more at large This Edwarde had maried the daughter of the Emperour Henrie named Agatha William Malmesbury sister to the Queene of Hungarie and not the king of Hungaries daughter although the Scottishe writers do so affirme By hir he had issue a sonne named Edgar and two daughters the one named Margaret and the other Christyne Hector Boetius King Edward ment that his nephew the sayd Edwarde shoulde haue succeeded him and as some wryte he would in his life time haue resigned the crown vnto him But he a thing worthie of admiration vtterly refused it and would not once meddle therewith during his vncles life rynce and as it chaunced he died whilest his vncle king Edward was yet liuing His sonne Edgar therefore to whom it seemed that the crowne was due when he sawe the realme conquered by the Nââmans dispairing to recouer it out of their hands got a ship and determined with his mother and sisters to passe ouer into Germanie to his friends and kinsfolk there The Queenes Ferrye but by contrary winds he was driuen a shore in the Forth at a place called vnto this day the Queenes ferrye Malcolme being at the same time at Dunfermââ¦ling when he heard of the arriuall of this ship and vnderstoode what they were that were abourd in hir he resorted thither with an honourable coÌpanie about him to visit them for honors sake vpon fauour he bare towards them for that they were discended of that noble Prince king Edwarde in whom afore time he had founde so much gentlenesse and friendship Finally when he vnderstood their estate hee brought theÌ home with him to his palace shewing them all the loue and friendship he could deuises and in the end coÌsidering the excellent beautie wisdome noble qualities of the lady Margaret eldest sister vnto the same Edgar Malcolm Cammore marieth Margaret sister to Edgar Atheling he required of Agatha hir mother to haue hir in mariage wherevnto Agatha gladly condiscended Shortly after with an assemble of all the nobles of Scotland this mariage was made solemnised after the Octaues of Pasch in the yeare 1067. 1067. H. B. with al ioy and triumph that might be deuised King William the Conqueror of England being enformed hereof feared least this alliance betwixt Malcolm and Edgar might breed some trouble disquietnesse to his estate sith the same Edgar had many friendes through all the partes of England To preuent therfore the occasions of intestine trouble he confined all the lynage of the foresayd Edgar English men fled into Scotlande by reason whereof a great number of Englishe men came into Scotlande vnto king Malcolme and many of them obteyning liuings at his handes remayned there continually during their liues leauing to their posteritie their names and possessions Amongst whoÌ were these Lindsey Vaus Ramsay Louell Towris Surnames of English men in Scotland Prestoun SandelaÌds Bissart Sowlis Wardlaw Maxwel with diuerse other There came diuerse also oute of Hungarie with Queene Margaret who likewise left theyr names to their families Surnames of Hungarians which yet remaine euen vnto this day as Creichtoun Fotringham Giffart Meluil Borthwike and other Also there haue come at sundrie seasons out of Fraunce diuerse surnames into Scotlande as Fraseir Sinclare Boswell Mowtray Surnames of French men Mountgummery Campbel Boys Betoun or Betuin Taillefer and Bothwell besides sundrie other whiche were but superfluous to rehearse at this tyme. But to the order of the
emprisoned hee commanded him to be committed vnto straight prison wherein he remayned till after hys fathers decease The Realme being in this manner broughte to good tranquilitie The decesse of King Robert the seconde King Roberte falling into great infirmitie and feeblenesse by reason of extreame age withoute any manner of other accidentall sicknesse deceassed at his Castel of Dundonald the ninetenth day of Aprill in the yeere after our redemption .1390 1390 beeing as then aboue threescore and fifeteene yeeres of age and hauing reigned the space of nineteene yeeres his body was buried at Scone before the high aulter This Robert the seconde though by reason of his great age His happy successe in warres he wente not foorth into the warres him selfe yet was there neuer Prince afore hym that had more happie successe by the conduit of his Captaynes whiche he sente foorth as Lieutenaunts vnder him for they neuer lightly returned home but with victory The constancie of King Roberte in word and promise He was a Prince of such coÌstancie in promise that he seldome spake the worde which he performed not Suche an obseruer he was also of iustice that when so euer hee remoued from any place hee would cause proclamation to be made His vpright ââ¦tice that if any of his men or officers had taken vp any thing vnpayde for the partie to whome the debte was due should come in and immediately he shoulde be satisfyââ¦d His diligence ââdresse poore mens wings He willingly hearde the complayntes of the poore and was no lesse diligent to see their wroÌgs redressed And for so much as Iohn was thought to bee an infortunate name for Kings The name of Iohn chaunââ¦ed and called Roberte the third WilliaÌ Dowâââ of Nidââ¦dââ¦e choââ Admirall by the Lordes of Prutzen they chaunged his name and called him Robert after his father being now the third of that name About the same time William Dowglas of Niddesdale was chosen by the Lordes of Prutzen to be Admirall of a nauy conteyning two hundred and fortie shippes whiche they had rigged and purposed to set foorthe againste the miscreaunt people of the Northeast partes but being appealed by the Lord Clifford an Englishman who was there likewise to serue with the foresaid Lords in that iourney to fight with him in a singular combate He is slayne by the Lorde Clifforde Duncane Steward inââ¦eth Angus Before the day came appoynted for them to haue darreigned the battell the Lorde Clifford lay in awayte for the Dowglas and vppon the bridge of Danzke mette with him and there slew him to the great disturbance and stay of the whole iourney Moreouer shortly after the coronation of king Roberte the thirde tidings came that Duncane Stewarde sonne to Alexander Stewarde the Kings brother afore rehersed was entred into Angus with a greate number of men and slewe Walter Ogiluy Shirefe of the countrey that came foorth with a power to resist him from spoiling the people whom he miserably afflicted howbeit these his insolent doings were not long vnpunished for the Earle of Crawfort beeing sent against him with an army caused him to disperse his company and to flee his wayes but beeyng apprehended with the most part of his sayd company they were punished according to their demerites At this time also the most parte of the North countrey of Scotland The North partes of Scotland sore disquieted by two Clannes was sore disquieted by two Clannes of thââ¦se Irish Scots cleyed Kateranes whiche inhabite the hye lande countreys the one named Clankayes the other Clanquhattanes These two being at deadly ââ¦ude Wild Scots cleped Kateranes robbed and wasted the countrey with continuall slaughter and reise At length it was accorded betwixt y e parties by the aduice of the Earles of Murray Crawfort that thirtie persons of the one Clan A battell of thirtie against thirtie shoulde fight before the King of Perth againste thirtie other of the other Clannes men with sharp swords to the vtterance without any kind of armoure or harnesse in triall and decission of the quarell for the which the varyance betwixt them first rose Both these Clannes right ioyfull of this appointmente came to Perth with their number where in a place cleped the North Inche a little beside the Towne in presence of the King and other iudges assigned thereto they foughte according as it was agreed and that with such rage and desperate furie that all those of Clankayes part were slayne one onely excepted who to saue his life after he sawe all his fellowes slayne A desperate fighte kepte into the water of Tay and swamme ouer and so escaped There was a .xi. of Elanquhattanes syde that escaped with life but not one of them vnwounded and that very sore At their entring into the fielde or listes where they should darraigne y e battell one of y e Clannes wanted one of hys number by reason that hee which should haue supplyed it was priuily stollen away not willing to be partaker of so deere a bargaine but there was a Countrey felowe amoÌgst the beholders being sory that so notables fighte shoulde be passed ouer offered himselfe for a small summe of money to fyll vp the number though the matter apperteyned nothing to him nor to any of his friends This battell was foughte betwixt these two Clannes in manner as before is remembred in the yeere .1396 1396 In the thirde yeere after a Parliamente was holden at Perth wherein besides diuers constitutions and ordinances enacted for the aduauncement of the common wealth the King made his eldest sonne named Dauid that was as then about an eighteene yeeres of age Duke of Rothsay and his brother Roberte that was Earle of Fife and gouernour of the Realme The firste Dukes that were created in Scotlande as before yee haue heard hee created Duke of Albany These were the firste Dukes that hadde bin hearde of in Scotland for till those dayes there was neuer any within y e Realm that bare that tytle of honor During the time that the peace continued betwixt the two Realmes of England and Scotland there were sundry iusts and combates put in vre Iusts and combates betwixte Scottes and Englishmen and exercised betwixt Scots and Englishmen for proofe of their valiant actiuitie in feates of armes to winne thereby fame and honor But amongst the residue that was most notable whiche chaunced betwixt Dauid Earle of Crawford Scottishe the L. Welles English It was agreed betwixte these two noble men to runne certayne courses on horsebacke with speares sharp ground The Earle of Crawfort of Scotland and the Lord Wels of England iusted for life and deathe for life and death The place appoynted for these iustes was London bridge and the day the three and twentie of Aprill being the feast of Saint George At the place and day thus prefixed they came ready to furnishe their enterprise and being mouÌted on their
the losse of it so much that if none of the nobles would passe with him to the reskew thereof he would yet goe himselfe to doe what in him might lie to saue it But in the meane time such trouble rose in England that there needed no power to be leuied for the defence of Cokclauis A conspiracie against Kyng Henry by the Percies and other For by a conspiracie practised agaynste Kyng Henry certayne of the English nobilitie were alyed togither to haue destroyed him but amongst the residue the Percies were as chiefe They fought togither at Shrewesbury a right bloudy battell where the King gote the victory Shrewesburie fielde and slewe the Lorde Percy surnamed as before ye haue heard Henry Hotespurre The Earle of Dowglas at Shrewesburie field in ayd of the Percies At this battell was also the Earle of Dowglas with a greate company of Scottishmen on the Percies side for beeing taken prisoner at the battell of Hommyldoun as before is sayde it was accorded betwixte hym and the sayd Henry Hotespurre that ayding hym and other his complices against King Henry if it chaunced the said Kyng Henry to be vanquished and put from the Crowne according to their intente and purpose then should the sayd Earle Dowglas be released of his raunsome and haue the towne of Barwike rendred vnto hym in rewarde of hys ayde and assistaunce He led the foreward ther. He fought as is reported with singular manhoode and hadde the fore warde on the Percies side He slewe that day with his owne hands three gentlemen arrayed in the Kings coate armour and finally when the battell was lost He is taken prisoner he was taken in the chase and saued aliue where not one more of all his retinue of Scottes escaped with life but were all slayne out of hande Neyther was this victory gotten by Kyng Henry withoute greate slaughter of those that were on his parte for he lost foure right valiaunt Knights as Staluart Blont Massie and Pottok with seuen hundred other souldiers and men of warre as the Scottishe writers haue but the English auctors name a farre greater number as sixteene hundred at the least King Henry as the same Scottishe writers doe recorde vsed the counsell aduice of y e Earle of March in the obteyning of this victory being fled lately before from the Rebelles syde vnto him The Earle of Dowglas in respect of his noble parentage and high valiancie was right tenderly cherished by King Henry who for that hee hadde seene him doe so valiantly in the day of that battell reputed hym worthy of all honor This Earle of Dowglas yet was righte infortunate in most of his enterprises The Earle of Dowglas infortunate in battell His surname Tinneman so farre soorth that he neuer wanne battell wherein he chaunced to be was therefore named Archebald Tinneman though there was no default to be found at any time in his owne person for he euer foughte with great manhoode At the battell of Hommyldoun he lost one of his eyes and at this battell of Shrewesburie he lost one of his stones The olde Earle of Northumberland The Earle of Northumberland fled into Scotlande hearing what euill successe his sonne and other his kinsmen had founde in their rebellious enterprise at Shrewesbury with one of his Nephewes that was his sonnes sonne and other of his frieÌds and kinsmen withdrew into Scotland where he was receyued by Henry Wardlaw bishop of Sainte Androws and lodged with him at his ease and in good suretie within his Castell of Sainte Androws aforesayde About the same time The death of the Duke of Rothsay commeth to the knowledge of his father King Robert was aduertised that his son the Duke of Rothsay was pyned to deathe in Falkland in maner as before is expressed which newes were so greeuous vnto him that he grewe eache day more and more in sorowe and melancoly The Duke of Albany kepte it so long as was possible from the Kings knowledge and beeing nowe sente for by the Kyng to aunsweare hym for suche treasonable slaughter of hys sonne The Duke of Albany excused himselfe hee came and so excused the matter with a fayre paynted tale as though hee had bin nothing giltie in the cause and for further declaration of his innoceÌcie he promised if it might please the Kyng to come vnto Edynburgh hee woulde bring in the offendors which were culpable of the murder The Kyng as then remayning in Bute where for the most part he euer soiourned thogh hee were not well able to trauell by reason of long sicknesse The Kyng commeth to Edynburgh yet in a chariot hee came vnto Edynburgh vpon the earnest desire he had to see his sonnes death punished And at his comming thither the Duke of Albany deliuered vnto hym certayne naughty persons and suche indeede as for their haynous actes and vngratious conditions deserued well to die though not for thys matter whiche neuerthelesse by vntrue suggestions and forged accusements beeyng broughte afore corrupt iudges and suche as the Duke of Albany had prouided for his purpose were condemned as giltie of his deathe Giltlesse persons condemned whome in al theyr lyfe time they neuer sawe Though thys matter was handled as finely as was possible and made so sounde and cleere as coulde bee deuised yet was not the Kyng so satisfyed in hys mynde but that hee hadde a greate suspicion in the Duke of Albany as authour of hys sonnes deathe The suspition of the Kyng towards the Duke of Albany but for so muche as the Duke had all the Realme vnder hys obeysance partly by policie partly by authoritie of his office beyng gouernour therof y e King durst not attempt any thing agaynste hym but rather doubted least hee hauing an ambitious desire to the Crowne woulde compasse also to haue the lyfe of his seconde sonne named Iames as then Prince of Scotlande and therefore by the faithfull helpe and good aduice of Walter Wardlawe the Bishop of Sainte Androws he prouided a Shippe The Kyng sendeth away his sonne the Prince and sente the sayde Prince forth in the same to passe into Fraunce deliuering hym also a letter written and directed vnto the King of England in his fauoure if he chaunced to fall at vnwares by any fortune into the Englishmens handes Henry Lorde Synclare the seconde Earle of Orkney was appoynted to haue the conuoye of hym who hauing all his purueyance ready tooke the Shippe that was appoynted for them at the Bas where it lay at auere and lewsing from thence they sayled forwarde till they came to Flamburgh heade where as some saye they were taken on the Sea by Englishmen the whiche hearing howe the Prince of Scotlande should passe that wayes lay in awayte for hym Other write that his desire was to be set on land there bycause he mighte not away with the ayre of the sea being brought farre out of quiet in
possyble diligence In the meane time whiles the Queene was preparyng to take hir iourney and to come into Scotlande the Queene of Englande set foorth some of hir greate shippes to the seas to watche and garde the coastes of hyr Realme Shippes waiââ¦e in the narrowe Seas Wherof they beyng aduertised in Fraunce sent the Abbot of S. Colmes Inche to the Queene of Englande to desire of hir a safeconduit A safeconduit required in case by winde or tempest shee chaunced to land in Englande but before hee was retourned to Calais therewyth as hee was appoynted the Queene and hir retinue were safely landed in Scotlande neuerthelesse Certain Ships taken the English shippes tooke some of the Scottish Lords as the Earle of Eglenton his shippe and others whiche were brought into Englande and stayed for a tyme but were after releassed and sente home into Scotland The Queene also by the aduise of the King of Fraunce Monsieur Doysell sente Monsieur Doysell into England to passe through the same into Scotland before hir comming there to haue receyued the fortes of Dunbar and Inskeith of Monsieur Charleboys and to haue kepte the same till hir comming but he was stayed and passed no further than to London for it was thoughte that his going into Scotlande woulde turne to no great benefite of that Realme bycause that hee and Monsieur Rubey were the principall authours of all the troubles in Scotlande betwixte the Queene Regente and the nobilitie there The Queene was companyed vnto Calais She was attended on from Paris vnto Calais with many noble menne namely hir syxe Vncles the Dukes of Guise and Daumale the Cardinals of Lorayne and Guyse the Grand Priour and y e Marques Dalbeuf also y e Duke de Nemours and other of hir friends and kinsmen She taketh hir iourney towards ScotlaÌd There were two Galleys prepared and certaine other Shippes to goe with hir into Scotland and there went with hir three of hir sayde Vncles the Duke Daumale the Graund Priour and the Marques Dalbeuf also Monsieur Danuille the Connestables sonne and dyuers other The Queene arriued at Leith Shee arriued at Leith the twentith daye of August in the yeare of our Lord .1561 where she was honorably receyued by the Earle of Argile the Lorde Erskin the Prior of Saint Andrewes and of the burgesses of Edenburgh and conueyghed to the Abbey of Holy Roode house Costly iewels She brought with hir into Scotland many rich and costly iewelles of gold worke precious stones orient pearle and such like as excellente and faire as were to bee found within Europe with riche furniture of housholde as hangings carpets counterpointes and al other necessaries for the furnishing of hir princely houses Hir houshold stuff The chiefest parte of the hangings and other furniture of housholde was shipped at Roane and arriued at Leith in the moneth of October next following After the Queene of Scottes had remayned the space of foure or fiue dayes at Holy Roode house the Duke of Chatellereault the Earle of Argile An acte made concerning Religion and diuers other of the nobilitie beeyng present there was an acte made by the Lords of the Counsell with consent of the Queene that to remoue all causes of trouble in time to come for the matter of Religion it was ordeined that no alteration of the estate of Religion publikely standing within the Realme at hir arriuall in the same shoulde bee made and that nothing shoulde bee attempted eyther publikely or priuately to the contrary vpon great payne which was set forth and published through all partes of the Realme with great diligence Some appointed to be of the Queenes Counsell After this there were eleuen temporal Lords and one Bishop chosen to be of the Queenes secret counsell by whose aduice shee shoulde rule and gouerne things sixe of them to remayne continully with hir Secretary Comptroller Lords of the priuie Counsel in roomth of officers as the Secretary Comptroller and others The Lordes of the priuie Counsell were these the Duke of Chatellereault the Earle of Huntley Chancellor the Earle of Argile the Earle of Atholl the Earle Marshall the Earle of Glencarne the Earle of Morton the Erle of Montrose the Earle of Errol Maister Henrye Sinclar Bishoppe of Rosse and the Lorde Erskin The Duke Daumalle Daumall wâ⦠with the two Galleys into Fraunce after he had remayned with the Queene a certayne time tooke leaue of hir and with the Galleys returned into France The Graunde Priour The rest weâ⦠through England into France and Monsieur Danuille tarried somewhat longer and past through England into France The Marquesse Daulbeuf tarried in Scotlande all the nexte Winter till the spring of the yeare and then returned into France through England The Towne of Edenburgh prepared greate and costly triumphes for the Queenes entring whiche shee made into that Towne the day of September A preparatioâ⦠of triumphes After this she passed vnto Striueling The Queene visited the Townes and from thence to Perth and then to Dundee and after to Sainte Andrewes into which townes shee was receyued with greate honor and triumph From Saint Andrewes shee returned vnto Edenburgh where shee remayned all the nexte Winter In December An assemble of the Lords there was a great assemble of all the principall Lords Spirituall and temporall of the Realme where it was demaunded of the Prelates to graunte the third part of the fruites of their benefices to y e Queene The thirde part of the Spirituall liuings demaunded towards the bearing of hir charges for the maintenance of hir trayne and to susteyne the Ministers tyll some order were taken to maynteyne hir housholde and a garde to attende on hir by the aduise of the estates The Prelates agreed for the Queenes pleasure to supporte hir with the fourth parte of the fruites of their benefices for one yeares space only to help to beare hir charges and to susteine hir garde and in the meane time order myghte bee taken by the aduise of the whole estates for the same But notwithstanding the refusall of the Prelates to pay the third part the Lords of the priuie Counsell made an acte An acte for the Cleargy and set forth letters that all the Prelates and beneficed menne should be charged to pay yeerely to y e Queenes Comptroller and his Collector the hole thirds of all fruites of their benefices and that it should be lawfull to the Controller and his deputies to take the thirde of what parte of euerye benefice where he best pleased and to deale therewith at his pleasure Also to haue to doe with the rentes of Brotherhoodes of common Churches and such like This order hathe bin deserued euer sithence not without greate grudge of the Prelates and other beneficed menne of the Realme and theyr friends as well those that professed the reformed Religion as others 1562 Iames Steward ââ¦e Earle of ââ¦rey The
their doings who incensed brother against brother In which rage Iames Fitz Girald meeting the sayde Gentleman besyde Ballimore slew him euen then vppon his iourney towarde the Deputie to keepe his Christmas with him Margaret Countesse of Ossorie With thys despitefull murther both sydes brake out into open enmitie and especially the Countesse of Ossorie Kildare hys sister a rare womaÌ and able for wisedome to rule a realme had not hir stomacke ouerruled hir knowledge Heere began informations of newe treasons passing too and fro with complayntes and replyes But the Marques Dorset had wroughte so for his sonne in law that he was suffered to rest at home and onely commissioners directed into Ireland with authoritie to examine the roote of their griefes wherein if they found Kildare any thyng at all purged theyr instructions were to depose the plaintife and to sweare the other Lord Deputie Commissioners sent to Irelande Commissioners were these Sir Raufe Egerton a Knighte of Cheshire Anthony Fitz Herbert seconde Iustice of the common place Iames DeÌtoÌ Deane of Liechfield who hauing examined these accusatioÌs suddaynely tooke the sworde from the Earle of Ossorie sware Kildare Lorde Deputie Kildare sworn L. Deputie before whome Con Oneale bare the sword that day Concerning the murtherer whome they myght haue hanged they brought him prisoner into Englande presented him to the Cardinall Wolsey Cardinall Wolsey enimie to the Giraldines who was sayde to hate Kildare hys bloud and the Cardinall intending to haue put him to execution with more reproche and dishonour to the name caused him to bee ledde about the streetes of London haltred and hauing a taper in hys hande which asked so long time that the Deane of Liechefielde stepped to the King and begged the Gentleman hys pardon Pardon granted The Cardinall was sore inflamed heerewith and the malice not hitherto so ranke was throughly ripened and therefore hence forewarde Kildare acused The Articles Ossorie broughte for the diuers profes of the Deputie his disorder for that as hee alledged the Deputie shoulde winke at the Earle of Desmonde whome by vertue of the King hys letters he ought to haue attached Also that he sought for acquaintance and affinitie with meere Irish enimies that hee hadde armed them against him then beeing the Kyng his Deputie hee hanged and headed good subiects whome he mistrusted to leane to the Butlers friendship Kildare was therefore presently commaunded to appeare which he did leauing in his roomth his brother Fitz Girald of Lexlip Fitz Girald Lord Iustice whome they shortly deposed and chose the Baron of Deluin whome Oconor tooke prisoner The Earle of Ossorie chosen L. Deputie and then the Earle of Ossorie to shewe his habilitie of seruice brought to Dublin an army of Irishmen hauing captaines ouer them Oconnor Omore and Ocarrol and at Saint Mary Abbey was chosen Deputy by the King hys counsell In whiche office being himselfe saue only in feares of armes a simple Gentleman hee bare out his honoure and the charge of gouernement very worthely The Countes of Ossorie through the singular wisedome of his Countesse a Lady of suche a port that all estates of the Realme crouched vnto hir so politique that nothing was thought substantially debated without hir aduice manlike and tall of stature very liberall and bountifull a sure friende a bitter enimie hardly disliking where she fansied not easily fansying wher she disliked the only meane at those days wherby hir husbande his Countrey was reclaymed from sluttishnes and slouenry to cleane bedding and ciuilitie But to these vertues was lynked suche a selfe-liking suche an ouerweening and suche a maiestie aboue the tenure of a Subiect that for assurance thereof shee sticked not to abuse hir husbands honoure agaynst hir brothers folly Notwithstandyng I learne not that shee practised his vndoyng whiche ensued and was to hir vndoubtedly greate heauinesse as vppon whome both the blemishe thereof and the substance of the greater part of that family depended after but that she by indirect meanes lifted hir brother out of credite to aduance hir husbaÌd the commoÌ voice and the thing it selfe speaketh All this while abode the Earle of Kildare at the Court and with muche adoe found shift to bee called before the Lords to aunswere suddaynely They sate vpon him diuersly affected Kildare conuented before the Counsell and namely y e Cardinall Lord Chancellour misliking the Erle his cause coÌforted his accusers enforced the articles obiected what else so euer could be gathered thereof in these words I wote well my Lorde that I am not the meetest at this boorde to charge you with these treasons The Cardinall L. Chansellor chargeth Kildare bycause it hathe pleased some of youre pewfellowes to report that I am a professed enimie to all nobilitie and namely to the Giraldines but seeing euerye curst boy can say as muche when hee is controlled and seeing these poyntes are so weightie that they should not bee dissembled of vs and so apparant that they caÌnot be denyed of you I must haue leaue notwithstanding your stale slaunder to bee the mouth of these honorable at this present and to trumpe your treasons in youre way howsoeuer you take me First you remember how y e lewde Earle of Desmond your kinsman who passeth not whome hee serueth mighte hee change hys master sent his confederates with letters of credence to Frauncis the Frenche Kyng and hauyng but colde comfort there went to Charles the Emperoure profering the help of Mounster and Connaght toward the conquest of IrelaÌd if either of them woulde helpe to winne it from our King Howe many letters what preceptes what messages what threats haue bin sent you to apprehende him and yet not done Why so forsooth I could not catch him nay nay Earle forsooth you would not watche him If hee bee iustly suspected why are you partiall in so great a charge if not why are you fearefull to haue him tryed yea for it will be sworne and deposed to your face that for feare of meeting him you haue winked wilfully shunned his sighte altered youre course warned hys friendes stopped both eares and eyes againste his detectors and when so euer you tooke vppon you to hunte him out then was hee sure before hande to bee out of your walke Surely this iugling and false play little became either an honest man called to such honour or a noble man putte in so greate trust Had you lost but a Cowe of an Horse of youre owne two hundred of youre reteyners woulde haue come at your whistle to rescue the pray froÌ the vttermost edge of Vlster all the Irishe in Ireland must haue giuen you the way But in pursuing so needeful a matter as this was mercifull God howe nice how daungerous howe wayward haue you bin One while he is from home another while he kepeth home sometimes fledde sometimes in the bordures where you dare not venter I wisse my Lorde there bee
of the weale publike namely of the Lorde Crumwell it happened that through his Lordship his earnest meanes the king made maister Aylemer chiefe Iustice of his Bench in Irelande This aduauncement disliked by certaine of Waterford and Weiseforde that were not friended to the Gentleman they debaced him in suche dispitefull wise as the Earle of Shrewsburie who then was likewise Earle of Waterforde was by theyr lewde reportes caryed to chalenge the king so farre as with his duetie of allegeance he durst for bestowing so weightie an office vpon so light a person beyng such a simple Iohn at Stile as he tearmed him no wiser than Patche the late Lord Cardinall his foole The king herevpon expostulated with the Lorde Cromwell who being throughly acquainted with the Gentleman his rare wisedome aunswered that if it woulde stande with his Maiesties pleasure to enter into conference with him hee shoulde bee sure to finde him no babe notwithstanding the wrong informations of suche as laboured to thwart or crosse hym Whereto the King vpon further leysure agreed and shortly after according to his promise bestowed two or three houres with maister Aylemer who vpon the Lorde Cromwell his forewarning was so wel armed for his highnesse as he shewed himselfe in his discourse by answering ad omnia quare to be a man worthie to supplie an office of so great credite In this conference the King demaunded him what he tooke to be the chiefe occasion of disorder of Irelande and howe hee thought it might best he reformed Truly and it like your Maiestie quoth Aylmer among sundrie reasons that might be probably alledged for the decay of that your Kingdome one chiefe occasion is that certaine of your Nobilitie of this your realme of England are seysed of the better part of your Dominion in Irelande whereof they haue so little keepe as for lacke of theyr presence they suffer the sayde landes to be ouerrunne by Rebelles and traytours Wherefore if your highnesse would prouide by Acte of Parliament that all suche landes which by reason of their absence may not be defended should be to your highnesse by the consent of the Nobilitie and Communaltie graunted you might therby enrich your crown represse rebels and defend your subiects from all trayterous inuasion The king tickled with this plausible deuise yeelded maister Aylemer heartie thankes for his good counsaile and in this Parliament had the tenour thereof put in effect Which redowned chiefly to the Lorde of Shrewsburie hys disaduauntage as one that was possest of dyuerse auncient Lordshippes and Manours in that countrey The Lord Leonard Gray being then Lord Deputie forecasting the worst certified the king and counsaile of Oneal his rebellion and withall humbly besought a fresh supply of souldiors to assist the pale in resisting the enimie and that sir William Brereton who was discharged returned into Englande shoulde bee sent into Irelande VVilliam ââeton sent ââ¦nto IrelaÌd as one that for his late seruice was highly commended of the Countrey The King and Counsaile condiscending to the Deputie his request appoynted sir William Brereton to hie thither with speede VVilliam ââ¦reton sent â⦠Ireland hauing the charge of two hundred and fiftie Souldiours of Chesshire men In which seruice the Gentleman was founde so prest and readie that notwithstanding in mustering his bande he fell by mishap off his horse and therewithall brake his thigh in two places yet rather than hee woulde retire homeward he appointed the Mariners to hale him vp to theyr Barke by Pulleyes and in such impotent wife arriued in Irelande suppressing the feeblenesse of his bodie with the couragious valour of his minde The Lorde Deputie in the meane while marched wyth the force of the Pale the Maior and the Citizens of Dublin to Drogheda fââ¦bai thence likewise accoÌpanied with the Maior and Townesmen he marched Northward to Bellahoa ââ foord of ââlahon where Oneale and his companie on the fartherside of the water laye encamped with the spoyle of the Pale The Deputie by Spyes and secrete Messengers hereof certified caused the armie to trauaile the better part of the nyght in so muche as by the dawning of the day they were neare the Ryuer syde where hauing escried the culmits namely Magannââ¦she and the Galloglasses that were placed there to keepe the straytes for Oneale wyth the mayne armye lurked in a Groue not farre off they beganne to sette themselues in battayle array as menne that were resolued wyth all haste and good speede to supprise the enimys wyth a sodayne charge ââ¦ames Fleming ââ¦aron of Slane At which tyme Iames Flemming Baron of Slane commonlye called blacke Iames garded wyth a rounde companye as well of horsmen as footmen humbly besought the Deputie to graunt him that day the honour of the onsette Whereto when the Lorde Gray had agreed the Baron of Slane wyth cheerefull countenaunce Robert Halfpennie imparted the obteyning of hys suyte as pleasant tydings to Robert Halfe penie who wyth his auncestours was Standers bearer to the house of Slane But Halfepennie seeing the further syde of the water so beset with armed Galloglasses as he tooke it as likely an attempt to raze downe the strongest Fort in Irelande wyth a fillippe as to rushe through suche quicke Iron walles flatlye aunswered the Baron that hee woulde rather disclayme in his office than there to gyue the onsette where there rested no hope of lyfe but an assured certaintie of death And therefore hee was not as yet so wearie of the worlde as lyke an headlong hotespurre voluntarilye to runne to hys vtter and vndoubted destruction Wherefore hee besought his Lordship to set his heart at rest and not to impute his denyall to basenesse of courage but to warynesse of safetie althoughe hee knewe none of anye stayed mynde but woulde sooner choose to sleepe in an hole sheepe hys pelte than to walke in a torne Lyon hys skinne namely when all hope of lyfe was abandoned and the certaintie of death assuredly promised The Baron with this answere at his wittes ende roade to Robert Betoa of Downeore Robert Betoa brake with him as touching Halfepennie hys determination and withall requested hym as he did tender hys honour nowe at a pinche to supply the rowme of that dastardly cowarde as he did taunt him Betoa to thys aunswered that although it stoode wyth good reason that suche as heretofore tasted the sweete in peace shoulde nowe be contented to sippe of the sowre in warre yet notwythstanding rather than the matter shoulde to hys honour lye in the dust he promised to breake through them or else to lye in the water and withall beeing surpassinglye mounted for the Baron gaue hym a choyse horse hee tooke the Standarde and wyth a sodayne showte hauing wyth him in the fore-ranke Mabe of Mabestowne who at the first brunt was slaine bee flung into the water Mabe of Mabestovvne slain and charged the Irishe that stoode on the further shore After followed the Gentlemen
in NormaÌdie at Caen where also wife Queene his Mawd had buylded a Nunnerie which Mawde died in in the yeare .1084 before the king hir husband After his death his bodie was buried in Caen in S. Stephens church but before it could be committed to the grounde They gaue him an hundred pounde sayth Hen. Marle the executors were constrayned to agree with a certaine man that claymed to be Lord of the soyle where the Church stoode and which as he sayd the king in his life time had iniuriously taken from him and gaue him a greate summe of money to release his title wherby you may coÌsider the great miserie of mans estate and how that so mightie a Prince as the Conquerour was coulde not haue so much grounde after hys death as to couer his dead corps without doing iniurie to an other which may be a noble lesson for all other men and namely for Princes noble men and gentlemen who oftentimes to enlarge their owne commodities doe not regarde what wrong to the inferior sort they offer Furthermore King William had issue by Mawde his wife the daughter of Baldwin Erle of Flaunders foure sonnes Robert surnamed Curthose vnto whom he bequeathed the duchie of Normandie Richard died yong William surnamed Rufus to whom he gaue by his testament the realme of Englande and Henrie surnamed Beauclerk for his cunning and perfit knowledge in learning vnto whom he bequethed all his treasure and moueable goods with the possessions that belonged to his mother Hen. Marle Besides these four sonnes he had also by his wife fiue daughters Cecillie which became a Nunne Constance maried to Alane duke of Britaine Adela giuen in mariage to Stephen Earle of Bloys of whom that Stephen was borne which raigned after Henrie the first Adeliza promised in mariage to Harold K. of England as before ye haue heard but she died before she was maried either to him or to any other and so likewise did the fift whose name I cannot reherse Among other grieuances which the Englishe men susteyned by the hard dealing of the CoÌquerour this is also to be remembred that he brought the Iewes into this land froÌ Rouen and appointed them place here to inhabite But now to conclude though king William helde the English so vnder foote that in his dayes almost no English man bare any office of honor or rule in his time Iohn Rous. yet he somewhat fauoured the Citie of London and at the earnest sute of William a Norman then Bishop there he graunted vnto the CitizeÌs the first Charter which is written in the Saxon tongue sealed with green wax and expressed in .viij. or .ix. lines at the most But howsoeuer he vsed the rest of the EnglishmeÌ Math. Paris Hen. Hunt this is recorded of some writers that by his rigorous proceedings agaynst theÌ he brought to passe that the Countrey was so rid of theeues and robbers that at length a mayd might haue passed through the land with a bag ful of golde and not haue met with any misdoer to haue bereft hir of the same which was a thing right straunge to consider sith that in the beginning of his reigne there was such great companies of Outlawes and robbers that vneth were men warranted within their owne houses though the same were neuer so strong and well prouided of defence Iohn Rous. Hen Marle Among many other lawes also made by him this one is to be remembred that suche as forced any woman should lose their genitals In this William the Conquerors dayes liued Osmond the seconde Bishop of Salisburie who compiled the Church seruice Salisburie vse which in times past they commonly called after Salisburie vse Shooting The vse of the long Bow as Iohn Rous testifieth came first into Englande with this king William the Conquerour for the English men before that time vsed to fight coÌmonly with axes and such hand weapons and therfore in the oration made by the Conqueror before he gaue battail to king Harolde the better to encourage his men he tolde them they should encounter with enimies that wanted shotte In the yeare of our Lorde .1542 Monseur de Castres Bishop of Baieulx and Abbot of Saint Estiennie in Caen caused the Sepulchre of this noble prince William the Conqueror to be opened within the which his body was found whole fayre and perfite of limmes large and big of stature and personage longer than the common sort of men of our age by two foot within the same sepulchre or tombe was found a copper plate fayre gylt conteyning this Epitaph Qui rexit rigidos Northmannos atque Britannos Audacter vicit fortiter obtinuit Et Coenomenses virtute contundit enses Imperijque sui legibus applicuit Rex magnus parua iacet hac Guilhelmus in vrna Sufficit magno parua domus domino Ter septem gradibus se voluerat atque duobus Virginis in gremio Phoebus hic obijt In English thus H. F ⪠Who ouer NormaÌs rough did rule ouer BritoÌs bolde Did coÌquest stoutly win conquest won did strongly holde Who by his valure great the fatall vprores calmde in Mayne And to obey his power and lawes the Manceaux did constrayne This mightie king within this little vault entombed lyes So great a Lorde somtime so small a rowmth doth now suffise When three times seuen and two by iust degrees the Sun had tooke His wonted course in Virgos lap then he the worlde forsooke Here to fill vp this page I haue thought good to set downe the Charter which this king Wil. the Conqueror graunted vnto the Citie of London at the special sute of William then Bishop of the same Citie aswel for the briefnesse thereof yet conteyning matter sufficient in those dayes to warrant his meaning as also for the strangenesse of the English then in vse VVilliem Kyng grets VVilliem Bisceop Godfred Porterefan The charter of K. William the first 1067 ealle ya Burghwarn binnen LoÌdon frencisce Englisce frendlice Ic kiden eoy yeet Ic wille that git ben ealra weera lagayweord ye get weeran on Eadwerds daege kings and Ic will yeet aelc child by his fader yrfnume aefter his faders daege And Ic nellege wolian yeet aenig man eoy aenis wrang beode God eoy heald VVilhelmus rex salutat VVilhelmum Episcopum GoffriduÌ PortegrefiuÌ omneÌ Burghware infra London Frans Angl. amicabiliter Et vobis notuÌ facio quòd ego volo quòd vos sitis omni lege illa digni quae fuistis Edwardi diebus regis Et volo quòd omnis puer sit patris sui haeres post diem patris sui Et ego nolo pati quod aliquis homo aliquam iniuriam vobis inferat Deus vos saluet VVilliam Rufus 1087 An. reg 1. WIlliam surnamed Rufus that is to say William the red seconde sonne to William Conqueror began his reigne ouer Englande the .ix. of September in the
setting came to Wilton and sodenly set fire on the towne The king being lodged within the Nunry and feating no such matter after he hearde of the soden assembly of his enemies was put in such feare that he tooke hym selfe dishonourably to flight leauyng his men his plate and other riches altogether behind him The earles soldiers egerly assaile the kings people VV. Parm. S. Dun. N. Triuet M. Paris killing and taking theÌ at their pleasure risted y e kyngs treasure without any resistance In this broile was WilliaÌ Marcel or Martell taken prisoner by earle Robertâ⦠men and led to the castle of Walingford where Brian the earle of Glocesters sonne hauyng charge of that castle kept him in strayt prison vsed him hardly enough and by reason of the opinion which men had coÌceyued of his valiancy he could not be deliuered tyll he had payd for this ransome iij. C. markes and deliuered into the Earles handes the castle of Shirborne Within a few dayes after Milo earle of Hereford departed this life Miles earle of Hereford deceaseth whose death was right displeasant to the empresse for he was one of hir chiefe frendes and counsellors His eldest sonne Roger succeded hym a Gentleman though young in yeares yet valiant and forward in feares of armes The case of this Theobald therefore stoode now very hard for Henry Bishop of Winchester the kings brother through enuie had so wrought that if the Archbishop transported ouer without licence he should be confined of the king Againe he was sure if he came not to the CouÌcel that he shold be also suspeÌded by the Pope Hereupon the Archbishop meaning rather to offende the kyng than the Pope got ouer as it were swimmyng rather than saylyng The vessel in which he passed ouer being so bad for al the Ports were kept by the kings seruauntes so that he was glad to take suche a boat as came next to hand In consideration wherof he was highly coÌmended by the pope In this Councell the Prebendaries of Yorke together with Henry Mordack then Abbot of Fountneys presented them selues exhibityng their coÌplaint against WilliaÌ Archb. of Yorke for that as they alledged he was neither canonically chosen nor lawfully consecrated but thrust in by the kings authority At leÌgth therfore was the Archb. William conuict and deposed Alberte Bishop of Hostia pronouncing the sentence in this wise We do decree by the apostolike authoritie that William Archb. of Yorke is to be deposed from his See bycause that StepheÌ kyng of England before any canonicall electioÌ named hym then for that pope Eugenius had thus deposed the Archb. William although not with the consent of the more part of the Cardinalles the Chapiter of the church of Yorke by his coÌmaundement commyng together part of them chose Hylary bishop of Chichester the other part chose Henry Murdacke Abbot of Founteney The foresaid Pope Eugenius when both the elections wer shewed vnto hym at Auxerre he coÌfirmed the electioÌ of Henry Murdacke disanulled y e other although with no smal commendations of the person elected so coÌsecrated the foresaid Henry with his owne hands The late nominate Archbish William being thus deposed returned into England remayned at Winchester with K. Henry tyll the death of Pope Eugenius folowing the counsell of the same Bishop in all things After the Councell at Rheimes was ended the archb Theobald returned into EnglaÌd coÌming to Cant. was receiued w t great honor of the ConueÌt citizeÌs there But the king remainyng as theÌ at London wheÌ he heard of it was sore moued in displeasure came with great speed vnto CaÌterbury wher much conference being had betwixt hym and the archb although to small purpose for the bringyng of them to an agreement at length the king coÌpelled the archb to depart y e realme Wherupon after a few dayes respect he went to Douer where he tooke ship passed ouer into Fraunce But shortly after he was called backe by the queene and Will of Ypres vnto S. Omers that they might the sooner aduertise hym of the kings mynde and pleasure Here he consecrated Gylbert the elect Bish of Hereford the .v. day of Sept. Theodoric Bishop of Amieus and Nicholas Bishop of CaÌbrey assistyng hym After this wheÌ by sending to and fro of messengers aswell Bishops Abbots and other both spiritual persons and temporal there could no agreement be made he directed his letter to certain churches here in England pronouncing by a certaine day to wyt the .xij. day of Sept. a sentence of InterdictioÌ to be obserued through y e realme The monkes of CaÌterbury sore offended herewith before the prefixed day of this sentence to be put in vre sent two Monkes of their own house Nigelle Absolon vnto the Pope whose errand when the Pope had vnderstoode he coÌmaunded theÌ to returne home to obey their archbishops sentence in all things In the meane tyme the archbishops men and tenaÌts were sore oppressed and his rentes and reuenues seased and taken to the kings vse and that before the dayes of payment Which maner of proceedyng sore grieued the archbishop in so much that he departing from S. Omers came to Grauelyng and there taking the sea came ouer to a town called Gosââ¦ford that beloÌged vnto Hugh Bigot Earle of Norfolke which Earle receiued hym with great honour and sent him al necessarye prouision so long as he remayned in his countrey At the terme appoynted he interdicted al the kings dominions and would not reuoke the sentence tyll Robert bishop of London Hylarie B. of Chichester WilliaÌ B. of Norwich with many other Noble meÌ came to hym vnto Framelingham in Northfolke a castle apperteynyng vnto the said earle where at length an attonement was concluded betwixt him the king and theÌ was he brought home vnto CaÌterbury with great ioy and honor The Monkes of Canterbury for disobeying the Interdiction he accused trustyng that the Pope would not heare those two Monkes which they had sent as he dyd not in deede And as before it appeareth he excoÌmunicated also all those that had receiued the Sacramentes amongst them during the tyme of the Interdiction Those Monkes therefore being at their wits end dispatched with all speede other two Monkes to the Pope to obteyne an absolution before the archb should vnderstand it but they wer sent backe againe with checks and coÌmaunded to obey their archbishop in all things Geruasius Anno. regni 13. 1148. as the other were which had bin there with hym before The Monkes of Canterbury that were sent to Rome returnyng came from thence to Bollongne where they founde those that wer first sent thither and so they all foure together came to Cant. The Pope also had sent a priuie commaundement to the archbishop that he should duely punish aswell them as the other The archbishop therfore takyng counsell with his frendes deposed the Prior whose name was Siluester froÌ his roume of Priorship and suspended
whyther came to him William the Scottishe king wyth his brother Dauid to welcom him home and to congratulate his happie successe in his businesse on the further syde the seas They were honourably entertained and at their departure princely rewarded The King beeyng returned thus into Englande punished the Sheriffes of the lande right grieuously for their extortion brybery and rapine After this A prudent consideratioÌ in the king studying howe to assure the estate of the Realme vnto his sonnes vpon good consideration remembring that no liuing creature was more subiecte to the vncertayntie of death than Adams heires Mans nature ambicious and that there is ingrafted suche a feruent desyre in the ambitions nature of man to gouerne that so ofte as they once come in hope of a kingdome they are without regard eyther of right or wrong God or deuyll tyll they be in possession of theyr desyred pray Hee thought it not the worst poynt of wysedome to foresee that whyche myghte happen for if hee shoulde chaunce to departe thys lyfe and leaue his sonnes young and not able to maynteyne warres through lacke of knowledge it myght fortune them thorough the ambition of some to be defrauded and disappoynted of theyr lawfull inheritaunce Therefore to preuente the chaunces of fortune he determined whylest hee was alyue to crowne his eldest sonne Henry being nowe of the age of .xvij. yeares and so to inueste hym in the kingdome by his owne acte in his lyfe tyme which died turned hym to much trouble as after shall appeare Thus being vpon this poynt resolued he calleth togyther a parliament of the nobles bothe spirituall and temporall at London Rog. HouedeÌ and there on Saint Bartholomews daye proclaymed his sayd sonne Henry fellowe with hym in the kyngdome whome after this on the Sundaye followyng beyng the fourtenth daye of Iune 1170. Henrye the son crovvned the 18. of Iuly hath Math. Paris Roger the Archbishoppe of Yorke dyd crowne accordyng to the manner commaunded so to doe by the kyng Thys office appertayned vnto the Archbishoppe of Canterbury but bycause he was banished the Realme the Kyng appoynted the Archbishoppe of Yorke to doe it which he ought not to haue done without licence of the Archebyshop of Canterbury within the precincte of his prouince VVil. Paruus as was alledged by the Archbyshop Becket who complayned thereof vnto Pope Alexander and so incensed the Pope that hee beyng hyghly moued by his letters forbad not only the Archbishop of Yorke The Archebishop of Yorke is to bââ¦ddeÌ the vse of the Sacramentes but also Gilberte Bishoppe of London and Iocelyn Bishop of Salisburye which were presente at the Coronation the vse of the Sacramentes whiche made king Henry farre more displeased wyth the Archebishoppe Thomas than he was before Mat. Paris Polidore The king become seruatour to his sonne Vpon the day of the Coronation king Henry the father serued hys sonne at the Table as sewer bringing vp the Bores head with trumpettes afore it accordyng to the maner For the whiche the yong man conceyuing a pride in his hearte Honors change manners beheld the standers by with a more stately countenaunce than he had bin wonte Whervpon the Archebishoppe of Yorke whiche sat by hym turnyng vnto hym sayde Be glad my good sonne there is not an other Prince in the worlde that hath suche a sewer at his table To this the newe king answered Yong men set ãâ¦ã dignitie ãâã forget ãâ¦ã ââ¦eââ¦uce as it were disdainfully thus Why doest thou maruell at that My father in doing it thinketh it not more thaÌ becommeth him that he being borne of princely bloud onely on the mothers syde serueth mee that am borne hauyng both a Kyng to my father and a Queene to my mother Thus the yong man of an euill and peruerse nature was puffed vp in pryde by his fathers vnseemely dooings But the Kyng hys father hearyng his talke was right sorrowfull in his mynde and sayde to the Archbishoppe softlye in his eare It repenteth meââ¦Ì it repenteth mee my Lorde that I haue thus aduaunced the boy For he guessed hereby what a one he woulde proue afterwarde that shewed himselfe so disobediente and frowarde already But although he was displeased with hym self in that he had done euyll yet nowe when that whyche was done coulde not bee vndoone he caused all the nobles and lords of the realme togither with the king of Scots and his brother Dauid to do homage vnto his sayde sonne thus made fellow with hym in the kingdome but he would not release them of theyr othe of allegiance wherin they stoode bounde to obeye him the father so long as he lyued Yet there hee that write that hee renounced his estate firste afore all the Lordes of the land and after caused his sonne to be crowned ⪠but in suche vncertayne poyntes set foorth by parciall wryters that is to be receyued as a truth which is confirmed by the order and sequele of thyngs after done and put in practise For trouthe it is that kyng Henry the father so long as his sonne lyued did shewe himselfe sometyme as fellowe with his son in gouernmeÌt somtime as absolute kyng And after his sons decease he continued in the entier gouernment so long as he lyued But to proceede The Frenche kyng hearyng that hys sonne in lawe was thus crowned and not his daughter the wyfe of Henry the sonne The Frenche king offended he was highly offended therewith and threatened to make warre against kyng Henry the father excepte hys daughter Margarete myghte receyue the Crowne also as Queene immediately The cause why she was not crowned was by reason of hir yong yeares and had not as yet companyed with hir husbande But king Henrye the Father vnderstandyng the Frenche kyngs threates sayled ouer into Normandye where whylest they prepare for warre on bothe sydes by the earneste diligence of Theobalde Earle of Bloys An entervevve of the kings Rog. Houedeâ⦠bothe the Kyngs come to an entervewe at Vendosme where at length they were accorded vppon promyse made by kyng Henrye that he woulde cause his sonne to bee crowned agayne and wyth hym his wyse the sayde Margarete the Frenche kings daughter The Frenche kyng contented therewyth departed homewardes and kyng Henry retournyng came to Vernon where hee fell into so great a sickenesse that anone it was bruted thoroughout In deede he him selfe was in suche dispayre of yfe He made his testament that he made his Testament wherein he ââ¦ssigned his sonne Richard the Duchie of Aquitayne and all those landes which came by Queene Elianor the mother of the same Richard R. Houe And to his sonne Geffrey he bequeathed Britaigne with the daughter of Earle Conan the which he had purchased to his vse of the French kyng And to his sonne Kyng Henry he gaue the Duchie of Normandy and all those landes which came by his father Geffrey Earle of Anion And to his youngest
and altred the booke was lost so that the remembraunce of suche rulers as were before the dayes of this Richarde the firste are not to bee had These Baylifes euer entred at Michalmas and so continued foorth their yeare Thus began the citie nowe first to receyue the forme and state of a common wealthe and to bee deuided into felowshippes whych they cal craftes Such also are admitted to the felowships of these companies ââ¦prentices as haue truely serued as apprentices a certaine number of yeares as seauen at the least vnder which time of seruice expired there is noâ⦠made free nor suffred to enioy the liberties of that Citie ââ¦emen sauing such as are borne free that is to say of freemen within the Citie of whome at thys time it is not muche materiall to make any further report The Citie thus consisting of the sayd craftes chooseth out of the same a Senate or company of graue councellors whome they name Aldermen the E. changed into A. according to the olde Saxon pronunciation ââ¦ardes It is also deuided into 26. tribes or wardes of the whiche euery one hath his seueral Alderman or ouerseer who haue both authoritie sufficiente and large priuileges to mainteyne the good gouernement of their portions withall Out of the number of these there is another officer yearely chosen and appoynted called the Maior who ruleth all the rest The Maior But now to returne vnto the further doings of K. Richard before his departure out of England towards his iourney into the lande of Palestine commonly called holy laÌd it is said he made such sales of things apperteyning to hym as well in right of the Crowne as otherwise that it seemed to diuers how he made his reconing neuer to returne againe in so much that some of his Councellors told him playnely that hee did not well in setting things away so freely to the dishonoryng of his maiestie and preiudice of his successor King Richard setteth things things on sale Ran. Higd. VVil. Par. vnto whome hee aunswered that in time of neede it was no euill policie for a man to helpe himselfe with his owne and further ioyned herr to these words that if LondoÌ at that time of neede would be bought he would surely sel it if he might meete with a coÌuenieÌt Marchant that were able to gyue him money inough for it Another way he hadde also to gather riches and that was this He hadde a licence of Pope innocente the thirde to dispence with suche as pleased him within his Realme for their vowes made to goe into the holy lande although they hadde taken on them the Crosse for that purpose namely such as he should appoint to remayne behynd him for the defence of his countrey and of these also hee tooke abundantly and dyuers other hee compelled to fyne namely to the ende that hee mighte get theyr money likewise that heereby hee obteyned no small summe towarde the furniture of his iourney Math. Paris Polidor The Kyng of Scottes therefore hauyng receyued this othe and thynkyng the tyme to serue hys purpose for redeemyng of those Castels whiche were deliuered to King Henry as guages for his raunsome payde now vnto Kyng Rycharde tenne thousand markes and hadde restitution of the same Restitution made to the K. of Scottes VVil. Par. that is to witte of Berwike Roxburgh Sterling and Edenburgh But William Parvus sayeth that Edenburgh was restored to him in the dayes of King Henry by reason of his wife whiche he tooke of the parties of beyonde the Sea and heerewith agreeth the Scottishe Chronicle Kyng Richarde also assigned to Queene Eleanor hys mother the accustomed dower with many Lordshippes and honors beside as an augmentation thereof Rog. Houed About which tyme dyed William de Maundeuille Earle of Albemarle at Rouen and Hugh de Putsey the nephew of the Bishoppe of Durham dyed at Aclet and was buryed at Durham Also Formalis Archbishoppe of Trier dyed at Northampton Nic. Trâ⦠and was there buried in the Church of S. Androwes In the meane tyme Kyng Richard still desirous to furnishe himselfe of money deuised yet another shift and feigned that hee hadde lost his seale wherefore hee commaunded a new to be made which being done he commaunded it to bee proclaymed and published in euery countrey that those to whome hee hadde graunted any thing by his deede or charter Mat. Paâ⦠meaning to enioy the same in suretie shuld not thinke it muche to come and haue it confirmed by his new seale least afterwarde the other beeing lost their lawfull titles might be called into question Wherevppon many that could not come to hym whilest he was in England were glad to followe him and to sayle ouer into Normandy and there to fyne at his pleasure for the newe seale to the ende that their writings mighte bee confirmed thereby and made so much the more sure to them and their successors For the same businesse also Remigius the Prior of S. Albons and many other went ouer to their great costes charges and trauel after he was transported ouer into France I fynde moreouer about the same tyme that the kings brother Erle Iohn exhibited a sore coÌplainte before the Romaine Legate and other Bishops for that the Archbishop of Canterburye after the appeale made vnto the Apostolike sea had put his landes vnder interdiction for hys mariage made wyth the Earle of Gloucesters daughter whiche when the Legate hearde hee foorthewith confirmed the appeale and releassed the Earles landes of the aforesayde interdiction The same tyme also the tenth part of at the mouable goodes thorough the realme of Englande was leuyed to the ayde of the warres in the holy land And this collection passing vnder the name of an Almes was extended vpon the goodes as well of the spirituall men as temporall After all thys Kyng Richarde desyrous to sette order in the gouernemente of his Realme Hughe bishop of Durham gouerneth the north partes Math. Paris appoynted Hugh bishoppe of Durham to haue the rule of the Northe parties as chiefe Iustice from Humber northwardes towarde Scotland delyuering vnto him also the keepyng of Wynchester Castell the residue of the kingdom with the custodie of the Towre he assigned to the gouernaunce of William Longchampe Bishop of Elye VVilliaÌ Longchampe bishop of Elye whome he had made chiefe Iustice of that parte and Chauncellour of the realme a man of gret diligence and knowledge in the administration of thinges but verie factious and desyrous of rule honoure and riches farre aboue all measure And with these .ij. bishops he ioyned in commission Hughe Bardulfe William Marshall Earle of Chepstow or rather Pembrooke Geffrey Fitz Peter and William Brewer men of great honour wysedome and discretion Rog. Houed King Richarde passeth ouer in to Normandie On the fifth daye of December he departed from Canterbury and went to Douer there to take the water and so on the eleueÌth day of DeceÌber he passed
it began soone after that vnketh sight whereof ensued suche effecte as I haue alreadye rehearsed King Iohn K. Iohn IOHN the yongest sonne of Henrye the second was proclaimed King of Englande beginning his raigne the .vj. day of Aprill in the yeare of our Lord 1199. An. Reg. 1. the firste of Philip Emperor of Rome and the .xx. of Philip king of France King WilliaÌ as yet liuing in gouernement ouer the Scots Rog. Houed So soone as his brother Richard was deceassed hee sendeth Hubert Archbishop of Canterbury and William Marshall Earle of Stregill otherwise called Chepstow into Englande both to proclaime him king and also to see his peace kepte togither with Geffrey Fitz Peter Lorde chiefe iustice and diuers other Barons of the Realme whilest be himselfe went to Chinon where his brothers trasure laye whiche was forthwith deliuered to hym by Robert de Turnham and therewithal at the Castel of Chinon and Sawmer and diuerse other places Mat. Paris Chinon Robert de Turnham Saumur Rog. Houeden Thomas de Furnes whiche were in the custody of the foresaide Robert But Thomas de Nurnes nephue to the saide Robert de Turnham deliuered the Citie and Castell of Angiers vnto Arthur Duke of Britaine For by generall consent of the nobles and peeres of the countries of Anion Maine and Touraine Arthur was receiued as the liege and soueraine Lorde of the same countreys For euen at this present Strife amongst the English subiects on the other syde of the sea and so soone as it was knowen that king Richard was deceassed diuers cities and townes on that side of the sea belonging to the saide Richarde whilest hee liued fell at oddes among themselues some of them endeuouring to preferre King Iohn other labouring rather to bee vnder the gouernaunce of Arthur Duke of Britaine considering that he seemed by moste righte to be their chiefe Lorde forasmuche as hee was sonne to Geffrey elder brother to Iohn And thus began the broyle in those quarters whereof in processe of time ensued great inconuenience and finally the death of the saide Arthur as shall be shewed hereafter Now whilest king Iohn was thus occupied in recouering hys brothers treasure and trauelling with his subiectes to reduce them to his obedience Queene Eleanor his mother by the helpe of Hubert archebishoppe of Canterburye and other of the noble menne and barons of the lande trauayled as diligentlye to procure the englishe people to receiue their othe of allegiance to be true to King Iohn for the sayde archbishoppe and William Marshall Earle of Striguill being sente ouer into Englande as before you haue hearde to proclaime him king and to kepe the lande in quite assembled the estates of the Realme at Northampton Mat. Pâ⦠The ââ¦sembled ãâã Northampâ⦠where Geffrey Fitz Peter Lorde chiefe Iustice was presente with other of the nobles afore whome those lordes whose fidelities were earst suspected wyllingly toke their othes of obedience to the newe King and were assured by the same Lordes on his behalfe that they shoulde finde him a liberal a noble and a righteous Prince and suche ââ¦oâ⦠as woulde see that euery man shoulde ââ¦y hys owne and suche as were knowen to bee notorious transgressors should be sure to receiue their condigne punishment ââ¦tace ââ¦sent ãâã lande They sent also Eustace de Vescye vnto William King of Scotlande to signifie to him that king Iohn vppon his arriuall into Englande woulde satisfie him of all suche right as hee pretended to haue within the English dominions And thus was King Iohn accompted and proclaimed King of Englande by the generall consente of all the Lordes and barons of the same The names of the chiefe of those peeres that were sworne as you haue hearde are as foloweth Dauid Earle of Huntingdon brother vnto William king of Scots Richarde Earle of Clare Ranulph Earle of Chester William Earle of Tutebury or rather Ferrers Wââ¦lran Erle of Warwik Roger Lacye constable of Chester and WilliaÌ de Mombray with diuers other whose names I heere omit bicause I wold not be tedious irkesome to the readers Nowe the king of Scotlande being enformed by the Lord Eustace Vescy who had maried his daughter that there was some hope to bee bad on his parte for the recouerie of such seignories as hee and his predecessors sometime helde in Englande doth forth w t rispatche sundrie Ambassadours with ful purpose to sende them ouer into Normandie vnto Kyng Iohn there to require restitution of the countryes of Northumberlande and Cumberlande wyth their appurtinaunces and he promised also by hys letters that if the same might be graunted vnto him in as ample manner as they had beene in time past vnto his ancetors hee woulde gladly do his homage to King Iohn as to the true and lawefull king of Englande and furthermore yeelde to him his faithefull seruice against all men so often as he shuld be required therevnto Howbeit when the archebishoppe of Canterburie and the rest of the counsell vnderstood that these ambassadors shuld passe thorow England they would not suffer them so to do but speedyly sent Dauid Earle of Huntington into Scotland vnto the king his brother requiring him earnestly y t he wold not send any ambassadors ouer as yet but rather tarie and take pacience a while til the king should come ouer into England which as they sayd he purposed to doe very shortly In the meane season king Iohn hauing sette some stay in his businesse on the further side of the sea he left his mother stil in Guienne to defend that countrey against the enimies and taking the sea ââ¦g Iohn coÌââ¦th ouer into ââ¦glande came ouer himself into England landing at ShorehaÌ the .xxv. day of May. On the next day being y e Ascention euen he cant to London there to receyue the crowne On the morow after being the Ascention day wheÌ the nobilitie and coÌmons were assembled and the king broughte into the Churche of S. Peter at Westmin there to receiue his diademe Hubert Archebishop of Canterbury being chief in authoritie and honor both for his age and calling spake these words or the like in substance before the whole assemblie ââ¦e Archbiââ¦p of Canââ¦buries oraââ¦n Most honorable Lordes of the spiritualtie and most graue and politike peeres and barons of the temporaltie you are come hither this day to choose you a king and suche a one as if need should require may be able of himselfe to take suche a charge vpon him and hauing taken it vpon him to execute that which he shal think to be expedieÌt for the profit of his subiects we haue therfore one present here amoÌg vs vpon whom the hartes and good willes of high lowe riche and poore do generally depend a man I doubt not but that for his owne parte will applye all his whole endeuour studie and thoughte vnto that only ende whiche he shall perceyue to bee most profitable for the common wealth as knowing himself
so hardly with them was for that they refused to help him with money when before hys last going ouer into Normandy he demaunded it of them towardes the paymente of the thirtie thousande pounde whiche hee hadde couenaunted to pay to the Frenche Kyng to liue in rest and peace which he coueted to haue done for reliefe of hys people and hys owne suretie knowing what enimies he had that lay in waite to destroy him and agayne what discommodities had chaunced to his father and brethren by the often and continuall warres But nowe to proceede with other doings Immediately after the solemnization of the Queenes Coronation ended An ambassade sent vnto the K. of Scottes hee sente Phillippe Bishoppe of Duresme Roger Bigot Earle of Northfolke and Henry de Bolmn Earle of Hereford Nephew to William King of Scotland and Dauid Earle of Huntington brother to the same King and Roger de Lacy Conestable of Chester the Lorde William de Vescy and the Lord Robert de Ros which had married two of the daughters of y e sayd K. and Robert Fitz Roger Sherife of NorthumberlaÌd as Ambassadorâ⦠from him vnto y e foresaid William K. of Scotland with letters patents conteining a safe conduit for him to come into England The King of Scottes came to the Kyng of Englande at Lincolne Math. Paris Ran. Higd. Rog. Houed Polidor and to meete with K. Iohn at Lincolne on the morrowe after the feast of S. Edmunde who gladly graunted therevnto and so according to that appoyntmeÌt both y e kings met at Lincolne the .21 day of Nouember And on the morrow after K. Iohn weÌt to the Cathedrall Church and offered there vppon the high Alter a chalice of golde And y e same day vppon a hill without the Citie the Kyng of Scottes did homage vnto K. Iohn in y e presence and sight of a great multitude of people swearing fealtie of life limme and worldly honor vnto K. Iohn whiche othe hee made vppon the Crosse of Hubert Archb. of Caunterbury There were present at that time beside other noble menne three Archbyshops Caunterbury Yorke and Raguse with other Bishops to the number of thirtene as Duresme London Rochester Elie Bath Salisbury Winchester Hereford Norwich Saint Andrews in Scotland Landafe and Bangor in Wales and Meth in IrelaÌd beside a great multitude of Earles Barons and other noble men When the K. of Scottes had thus done his homage hee required restitution of Northumberland Cumberland and Westmerland whych he claymed as his right and lawfull heritage Much talke was hadde touching this matter but they coulde not agree and therefore King Iohn asked respite to consider of it till the feast of Pentecost next ensuing which being graunted the Kyng of Scottes the nexte morrow being the .23 of Nouember returned homewardes and was conducted backe agayne into his countrey by the same noble men that brought him to Lincolne This Hugh was a French man by nation borne at Granople a man of a pregnant witte and skilfull both in science of holy Scripture and humane knowledge He was first a regular Chanon and after became a Cartusian Monke K. Henry the seconde moued with the fame of hys vertue and godly lyfe sent the Byshop of Bath to bryng hym into Englande and after he was come made hym fyrste Abbot of Whithing in the diocesse of Welles and after created hym Byshoppe of Lincolne Hee was noted to bee of a very perfit and sound lyfe namely bycause hee woulde not sticke to reprooue menne of theyr faultes playnely and frankely not regardyng the fauoure or disfauoure of anye manne in so muche that hee woulde not feare to pronounce them accursed which being the Kynges officers woulde take vpon them the punishmente of any person within orders of the Churche for huntyng and kylling of the Kynges game within hys Parkes Forrestes and chases yea and that which is more A presenââ¦ous part ãâã Bishop hee woulde denye paymentes of suche subsedies and taxes as hee was assessed to pay to the vses of Kyng Rycharde and Kyng Iohn towardes the mayntenaunce of theyr warres and dyd oftentymes accurse by hys ecclesiasticall authoritie such Sherifes Collectors or other officers as dyd distrayne vppon hys landes and goodes for to satisfye these Kyngs of their demands alledging openly that hee woulde not pay any money towards the maintenance of wars whiche one Christian Prince vpoÌ priuate displeasure and grudge made againste another Prince of the same Religion This was his reason and when he came before the King to make aunswere to his disobedience shewed heerein hee woulde so handle the matter partly with gentle admonishments partly with sharp reproofes and sometyme mixing merie and pleasant speeche amongst his serious arguments that ofttimes hee would so qualifie y e kings moode that beyng driuen from anger he could not but laugh and smile at the Bishops pleasaunte talke and merie conceytes And this manner hee vsed not only with the King alone but with the father and the two sonnes That is to say Henry the secoÌd Richard and Iohn in whose tyme he liued and gouerned the See of Lincolne He was after his decesse for the opinion which men conceyued of his holynes and vertues admitted into the number of the Saintes Yee haue heard howe K. Iohn had conceyued no small displeasure againste the Monkes of the white order for that they would not depart with any money excusing themselues that they might not do it without consente of a generall chapiter of their order Wherevpon the King had caused them diuers wayes to be molested but chiefly in restreyning them of libertie to haue any Horses or other cattell goyng to pasture within his forrests They therefore takyng aduice togyther chose foorthe twelue Abbots amongst them of that order the which in all their names went to Lincolne there to make sute to the King comming thither at this time to meete the King of Scottes that it would please him to remitte hys displeasure conceyued agaynst them and to take them agayne into his protection This sute was so followed although with some difficultie that at length to witte the sunday after that the King of Scottes had done his homage through the help and furtherance of the Archbishop of Canterbury they came to y e kings speeche and obteyned so much as they in reason might desire for he pardoned them of all his passed displeasure receyued them againe into his fauoure tooke them into his protection and commaunded that all iniuries greeuaunces and molestations shoulde bee reformed redressed and amended whiche in respect of his indignation had bin offered and done to them by any manner of meanes and to see the same accomplished writtes were directed vnto the Sherifes of the counties bearing date from Lincolne the .27 of Nouember And thus were those Monkes for y e time restored to the Kings fauour to their great commoditie and comfort ãâã Moones Aboute the moneth of December there were seene in the prouince of Yorke fyue Moones
one in the East the seconde in the West the thyrde in the North the fourth in the South and the fifthe as it were set in the middes of the other hauing many Starres aboute it and went fiue or sixe tymes in compassing the other as it were the space of one houre and shortly after vanished away The Winter after was extreamely colde more than the naturall course had bin aforetime And in the Spring time came a great glutting and continuall rayne causing the Riuers to rise with hygher flouds than they hadde bene accustomed In the yere .1201 1201 Kyng Iohn held his Christmas at Guildforde and there gaue to his seruauntes many faire lyueries Mat. Par. An. reg 3. and sutes of apparell The Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury dyd also the lyke at Caunterbury seemyng in deede to striue with the Kyng whyche of them shoulde passe the other in suche sumptuous apparrellyng of their men whereat the Kyng and not without good cause was greatly moued to indignation agaynste hym although for a time hee couloured the same going presently into the North where he gathered of the countrey there no small summes of money as it were by way of fyning them for theyr transgressions committed in hys forrestes From thence he returned and came to Canterbury where he held his Easter which fell that yeare on the day of the Annunciation of our Lady in the which feast he sate Crowned togyther with hys wife Queene Isabell the Archbyshop of Caunterbury bearing the charges of them and their traynes whilest they remayned there At the feast of the Ascention nexte ensuing Kyng Iohn set out a proclamation at Tewkesbury that all the Earles and Barons of the Realme and also all other that helde of him by Knightes seruice shoulde be ready in the feast of Pentecost nexte ensuyng with Horse and armour at Portesmouth to passe ouer with him into Normandy who made their apperance accordingly Howbeeit a great number of them in the ende gate licence to tarry at home paying for euery Knightes fee two markes of siluer for a fyne which then was a great matter But he sent before him into Normandy William Marshall Earle of Striguill with an hundred Knights Rog. Houed or men of armes which he had hired and Roger de Lacye with an other hundred men of armes to defende the confynes of Normandy againste the enimies and to his ChaÌberlain Hubert de Burgh hee delyuered the like number of Knyghtes or men of armes also to keepe the marches betwixt England Wales as Warden of y e same This done he pardoned his brother y e Archb. of York The Archb. of York restored restored him to al his dignities possessioÌs liberties coÌfirming y e same vnto him in as ful large manner as euer Roger late Archbishop of y e See had and enioyed the same for the whiche confirmation his sayd brother vndertooke to pay to the King within the tearme of one yeare the summe of a thousand pounds sterling and for the assurance thereof engaged his barony to the King in pledge Moreouer about the same time the Kyng sent Geffrey Bishoppe of Chester Ambassadors sent into Scotlande and Richarde Malebisse with Henry de Poysy vnto William King of Scotlande requiring him that the tyme appoynted for him to make aunswere touchyng his demaund of Northumberland might be proroged vntill the feast of Saint Michael the Archangell next ensuing whiche was obteyned and then the King and Quene being come to Portsmouth on the Monday in Whitson weeke tooke the Sea to passe ouer into Normandy The King passeth ouer into Normandy but not both in one Ship so that the Queene with a prosperous gale of winde arriued there at hir owne desire but the Kyng was driuen by reason of a pirry to take laÌd in y e Isle of Wight and so was slayed ther for a time howbeit within a few days after he tooke ship again at Portsmouth so passed ouer into Normandy wher shortly after hys arriuall in those parties he came to an enteruewe with y e K. of FraÌce He commeth to talke with the Kyng of Fraunce nere to Lisle Donely where comming a loÌg time togither alone they agreede so wel y t within three days after K. Iohn at the FreÌch kings request went into France and was receiued of him with much honor first at S. Dinise with ProcessioÌ of y e Cleargie and there lodging one night King Iohn entreth into Paris vpon y e morrow the FreÌch K. accompanied him vnto Paris where he was receyued of y e CitizeÌs with great reuereÌce the Prouost presenting vnto him in y e name of y e whole Citie many riche giftes to his welcome K. Phillip feasted him also in his owne Palace and for his part gaue vnto him to his Lords and seruantes many great princely giftes Moreouer the league at this time was renued betwixt them The league renued Mat. Pâ⦠Rog. Houed put in writing with this caution that whether of them first brake the couenaunts such Lords on his parte as were become sureties for performaÌce shuld be released of their allegiance which they ought to him y t so shuld breake that they might therevpoÌ frely become subiects to y e other prince These things done at length after that K. Iohn had remayned at Paris with greate mirth and solace certayne days y e French K. brought him forth of the Citie toke leane of him in very louing wise After this K. Iohn went to Chinon froÌ thence into Normandy About whiche time there chanced some troubles in Ireland for where Walter Lacy vnder pretence of a communication that was appoynted betwixt him and Iohn de Curcy Lorde of Vlnester Walter Lacy ãâ¦ã meante to haue taken the sayd Curcy and for the accomplishment of his purpose set vppon him slew many of his menne and for hys safegard constreyned Curcy in the end to take a Castell which belonged vnto Hugh Lacy vppon fayre promises made to him by the same Hugh to be preserued out of all danger it came to passe that when he was once gote in he might no more be suffred to depart For y e Lacies thought to haue deliuered him to K. Iohn but the seruaunts and friends of the sayd Curcy made such cruell warre in wasting and destroying the lands possessioÌs that belonged vnto the said Walter Hugh Lacyes that finally they were constreined to set him againe at libertie whether they woulde or no. At the same time also Polidor Ayde againâ⦠the Turâ⦠and Infideâ⦠the kings of Fraunce England gaue large money towards the maintenaÌce of y e army which at this present went forth vnder the leading of the Earle of Flanders and other to war against the enimies of y e Christian faith Mat. Pâ⦠at y e instance of Pope Innocent There was furthermore graunted vnto theÌ the fortith part of all the reuenewes belonging to
Henry his brother as a witnesse of this their atchieued victorie This Enstace was a Flemyng borne Eustace the Monke vvhat he vvas and sometyme a Monke but renouneyng his coole to receyue suche heritage as fell to hym by the death of his brethren deceassing wythoute issue hee became a notable Pyrate and hadde doone in his dayes muche mischiefe to the Englyshemenne and therefore was nowe rewarded accordyng to his demerites The spoyle and praye of the Frenche shippes was verye ryche A riche spoyle so that the Englishmen being loden wyth ryches and honour vpon their safe returne home were receyued with great ioye and gladnesse But Lewes after he vnderstoode of this mischaunce happened to his people that came to his ayde began not a little to dispayre of al other succour to come vnto hym at any time heereafter wherfore he enclined the sooner vnto peace so that at length he tooke suche offers of agreemente as were offred vnto him and receiued furthermore a summe of money for the release of suche hostages as he had in his handes ââ¦n accord beââ¦wixt K. Henâ⦠and Levves together with the title of the kingdom of England and the possession of al such Castels holds as he held within the realm The French Chronicle to the which the chronicle of Dunstable and Mathewe Paris doe also agree affirmeth that he receyued .xv. M. markes The Englishe ââ¦hronicle sayâ⦠a thouââ¦nd pound Moreouer the Popes Legate assoyled Lewes all those that had taken his part of the offence of disobedience shewed in attempting the warre agaynst the Popes commaundement Math. Paris After whiche Lewes with all his complices that had bin excommunicate sware vpon the holye Euangelist that they shuld stande to the iudgement of holy Churche and from thencefoorth be faythfull vnto the Pope and to the Churche of Rome Moreouer that he with his people should incontinently depart out of the realme and neuer vpon euil intent returne agayn And that so farre as in him lay he should procure his father King Philip to make restitution vnto king Henry of all the right which he had in the parties of beyond the sea that when he should be king of France he should resigne the same in quiet maner On the other part King Henry tooke his othe together with the Legate and the Erle of Pembroke gouernor of the realme that he shoulde restore vnto the Barons of his realme and to other his subiectes all their rightes and heritages with all the liberties before demaunded for the whiche the discorde was moued betwixte the late Kyng Iohn and his barons Moreouer all prysoners on both parties were released and sette at libertie without paying any ransom yea and those whiche had couenaunted to paye and vpon the same were set at libertie before the conclusion of thys peace were nowe discharged of all summes of money whiche then remained vnpayed Thus peace was concluded on the .xj. daye of September not farre from Stanes harde by the riuer of Thames where Lewes himself the Legate Guallo and diuers of the spiritualtie wyth the erle of Pembroke lord gouernor of the realm and others did meete and talke about this accord When all things were ordred and finished agreable to the articles and couenants of the peace so farre as the tyme present required the Lordes of the realme when Lewes should departe homewarde attended him to Douer in honorable wise as appertayned and there tooke leaue of him and so he departed out of the realme about the feast of Saint Michaell King Henry by this meane being put in full possession of the realme according to the prescript of that article conteined in those conditions of the peace lately specified pardoned all those that had ayded his aduersale Lowes during the warres except certain of the spiritualtie whiche were put to suche fynes that they were compelled to laye all that they had to pledge The pâ⦠are fyne to leuie suche summes of money as they might with the same obteyne the kings fauoure againe and beside that to sue to Rome for their entier absolution at the Popes owne handes Amongest other Hugh Bishop of Lincolne returning into England was compelled to paye a thousande markes to the Popes vse for recouerie of his Bishoprike and an hundred markes also to the Legate of good and lawfull money Suche cheuaunce made the Legate amongest them of the church An. reg 2 VVhat chauance the Logate made as well persons secular as regular that he got together .xij. thousand markes toward his charges whereby it appeared that he loste no tyme in England But to proceede The realme now being in quiet of al outward felicitie a number of vnruly persons such as deliting in ydlenesse knew not how to lyue in tyme of peace assembled themselues together and appointyng Foulkes du Brent Foukes de Brent who was a man of greate stomacke and more rashnesse to bee their capitayne and ringleader began to make watre against the Kyng and to spoyle the townes and countreys about them so that their euill doings might haue caused no small perill to haue ensued by some great ciuill sedition if the Erle of Pembroke had not in tyme preuented their attemptes For he asseÌbling the kinges power hasted towardes the rebelles and what by his owne auctoritie and by the reuerend regard of some bishops in his companie more than by vsing of any force of armes he stayd the matter for that time Math. Pariâ⦠so that no farther mischiefe folowed of this mutenie Besydes the foresayd Foulks du Brent there were other of the Nobilitie also whiche practised the lyke mysorder as William Earle of Albemarle Roberte de Veypounte Bryan de Lisle Hugh de Baliole Philip de Marc and Roberte de Gaugi the whiche Robert withheld the Castell of Newarke that belonged to the Bishoppe of Lincolne The Castelâ⦠Nevvarke ââ¦stored to the bishop of Liââ¦colne and would not deliuer it tyll the K. with Willyam Marshall Earle of Pembrooke had layne at siege before it an eight days In the ende of which terme by mediation of friendes the matter was taken vp and the Bishop recouered his castell paying to the sayde Robert de Gaugi an hundred pouÌds sterling for the victuals which he left within the same castell Soone after this Ranulph Earle of Chester was sent into the holy lande by king Henry with a faire companie of souldiours and men of war to ayde the Christians there againste the Infidels Mat. Paris The earle of ââ¦hester goeth ââ¦to the holy ââ¦nde whiche at the same time had besieged the citie of Damieta in Egypt in which enterprise the valiancie of the same Erle after his coÌming thyther was to his greate prayse moste apparaunt There went with him in that iourney Saer de Quincy Earle of Winchester William de Albeney Earle of Arundell beside dyuers barons as the Lord Robert Fitz Walter Iohn Constable of Chester ââ¦onne to kyng ââ¦ohn
this Parliamente yet lasted Peter de ââ¦ââ¦oy Eaâ⦠Richâ⦠there came ouer the Lorde Peter of Sauoy Earle of Richmonde bringing with hym certayne yong Ladies and Damosels to bee bestowed in marriage on suche yong Lordes and Gentlemen aâ⦠were Wardes to the King On Saint Valentines euen An Eâ⦠a greate Earthquake happened heere in England and namely about London on the Thames syde with the whyche manye buyldings were ouerthrowen These Earthquakes the seldomer they chaÌce in Englande the more dreadfull the same are and thoughte to signifie some greate alteration A little before thys Earthquake the Sea had ceassed from ebbing and flowing for the space of three monethes togyther A stâ⦠ãâã by a long tract neere to the Englishe shore to the greate maruell of many for eyther it flowed not at all or else so little that it might not be perceyued Coâ⦠rayne And after the Earthquake there followed suche a season of foule weather that the spring semed to be chaunged into Winter for vnneth was there anye day without rayne till the feast of the translation of S. Benet ââ¦s made ââ¦strayne ââ¦mptuous ââ¦titie of spiritualty There were at this time dyuers ordinauntes decreed and enacted by way of prohibition to restrayne the authoritie of spiritual persons as that no ecclesiasticall Iudge should determine in causes of any Temporal man except touching causes of Matrimony and Testamentes They were also prohibited to sue any actions touching tythes before any spirituall Iudge and the writ whereby they were prohibited is called an Indicauit Sundry other such ordinances were deuised which for breefenesse we omitte What speede or aunswer so euer the messengers had that were sent to Rome with the letters deuised in the late Parliament ãâã Popes ââ¦ectors troth it is that the Pope sent ouer into England suche of his agents as gathered no small summes of money amongst the Cleargie as one Marinus and an other named Iohannes Anglicus a Frier Minor the which were not entituled by the name of Legates ââ¦ift by forââ¦ing the ââ¦e of Leâ⦠to saue the priuiledges whiche the Kyng hadde that no Legate myghte come into the Realme withoute hys licence The comming ouer of these men bycause it was to gather money contented not many mens mindes as well appeared in a Parliament called at Oxforde about reformation thereof but yet notwithstanding it was there agreed that the Pope shoulde haue eleuen thousande markes to be leuied amongst them of the spiritualtie exempt persons and places reserued Aboute the same time Baldwine naming himselfe Emperoure of Constantinople ãâã Emperor ââ¦onstantiââ¦e comâ⦠into ââ¦lande came againe into Englande to procure some newe aide of the King towardes the recouerie of hys Empire out of the whiche hee was expulsed by the Greekes There arriued heere with him the three halfe breethren to the King Guy de Lucignan The kings halfe breethâ⦠came to see the King William de Valence and Athelmare a Prieste with their sister Alice These were begotten by Hugh Brun Earle of Marche of Queene Isabell the Kings mother and were therefore ioyfully receyued of the King with faithfull promise that hee woulde be to them a beneficiall good brother whiche hys sayings with effectuall deedes he after fully performed The Cardinall hauyng saluted the Kyng tooke leaue of hym and came to Linne where he stayed at the poynt of three monethes The Cardinall maketh shift for money making such purchase amoÌgst religious men that what by procuracies and other shiftes hee got as was thought a foure thousande markes towards hys charges and so departed Edmond Lacye Earle of Lincolne and Richarde de Burgh as then Wardes to the Kyng were married vnto two of those yong Ladies of Pronaunce whiche Peter de Sauoy Earle of Richmond brought ouer with hym whereat many of the English nobilitie grudged Also about the thirtenth of August the Lady Ioane William de Valence marrieth Lorde Montchencles daughter daughter to the Lorde Guarine de Monchency was married vnto William de Valence the Kyngs halfe brother The same Lady was heyre to hir fathers landes by the deathe of hir brother the sonne of the said Lorde Euarine Sir William de Bueles Knight a Norman borne was made Seneshall of Gascoigne about this season Gaston de Bierne maketh warre againste the Kynges Lieutenaunt and was sore vexed with warres by Gaston the sonne of the Countesse of Bierne and others whyche Gaston shewed hymselfe very vnthankfull for the Kyng had giuen both to him and to hys mother a woman of a monstrous stature right large entertainemente to serue him in his warres at his last beeing in that countrey as before yee haue heard Priestes of the prouince of Caunterbury suspended The Archbishoppe of Caunterbury suspended the Priests of hys prouince bycause they would not consent according to the graunt which he had purchased of y e Pope that he should haue the first frutes for one yeare of euery benefice that chanced to be vacant within the same prouince The Earles of Cornewall and Pembroke gote muche money by way of a collection towards the reliefe of the warres in the holy lande hauing purchased of the Pope certayne Bulles of Indulgence for the same Sir Foulkes de Newcastell the Kings Cousin by his mother departeth thys life Sir Foulke de Newcastell a valiaunte Knighte and Cousin germaine to the Kyng on the mothers side dyed at London during the tyme of the Parliament On the thirtenth of October was a portion of y e holy bloud of Christ as it was theÌ supposed shewed in most reuerent wise in a solemne procession for the King comming to the Church of Saint Paule in London receyued there the same bloud conteyned in a christalline glasse the which he bare vnder a Canapie supported with foure slaues through the stretes vnto y e Abbey Church of Westminster His armes were also supported by two Lords as aydes to him all the way as hee wente The masters of the Templers and Hospitallers had sent this relike to the king To descriue the whole processe of the procession and feast kept that day would require a speciall treatise But this is not to bee forgotten that the same day the Byshop of Norwich preached before the Kyng in commeÌdation of that relike Pardon granted by bishops pronouncing sixe yeares and one hundred and sixteene dayes of pardon graunted by the Byshoppes there presente to all those that came to reuerence it Also the same day in y e same Church the K. made his halfe brother William de Valence Kââ¦ââ¦e and dyuers other yoÌg bachelers Knightes Vnto the sayde William de Valence for his further aduauncement and mayntenance he gaue the Castell of Hertford and the honor therto belonging with great treasure and to the elder brother Guy de Lucignan whiche about the same time returned into Fraunce he gaue right great and honorable giftes lading his sumpters with plate and threasure of sterling money
An inhibition procured by the king of the Pope procured an inhibition that no Archbishop nor Bishop shoulde compell any officer belonging to the King to follow any suyte afore them for those things that apperteyned to the kings iurisdiction or giue sentence agaynste them for the same The Monday before the Rogation weeke Richarde the kings brother Erle of Cornewaâ⦠The ãâã Coâ⦠ãâã the Pope returned from the Court of Rome where he had beene about certaine businesse vnknowne to most men but whatsoeuer the same was the Pope gaue him most courteous and honourable intertainment for his welcom and made to him great chear during his abode at Lion where the Popes Court as then lay About this season the king to ridde himselfe out of debt wherein he was endaungered to certaine marchants lessened the charges of his housholde and kept but a meane port diminishing euen the accustomed almes of the poore The kââ¦ââ¦reth to ãâã himselfe ãâã of dâ⦠and also the greate number of Tapers and lyghtes in his Chappell so that he was noted wyth the blame of too muche nygardly sparyng and pynching but in that hee discharged his debt to the Marchants he was thought to doe wisely and charitably for that he would not see them hyndered is whom he was so indebted Aboute the same tyme also The ãâã caâ⦠helpe ãâã withâ⦠hee caused the Iewes to gyue vnto him a great portion of their goodes so that they were greatly impouerished There was one of them named Aaron borne in Yorke the whiche since the Kings laste returne out of Gascoigne had payed to the King the summe of thirtie thousand Markes Mat. ãâã ouer and besides two hundred Markes which he had giuen to the Queene as the same Aaron protested to Marthew Paris vpon his fayth and truth which he bare to his law In the Whitsunweeke was a generall Chapiter holden of the Friers preachers A geneâ⦠chapter oâ⦠Friers ââ¦cheâ⦠at London in Holborne where out of sundrye partyes of the Worlde were assembled aboue foure hundred of them and they had meate and drink found them of almes bycause they possessed nothing of theyr owne The first day the king came into their Chapiter that he might be partaker of theyr prayers and founde them meate and drynke that daye and dyned there with them to do them the more honour Another day the Queene likewise fedde them afterwardes the Bish of London the Abbots of Westminster Saint Albon and Waltham with other About the same season the Citizens of London founde themselues agreeued verye sore Mat. Pâ⦠Striâ⦠ãâã the Lonâ⦠and the ãâã of Wâ⦠for such liberties as the king graunted to the Abbot of Westminster to the great hinderance and decay of the franchises of their Citie The Maior communaltie resisted in all that they might agaynst those liberties and finally by the good helpe and fauour of the Lordes as the Earles of Cornwall and Leycester they obteyned theyr purpose ââ¦iam de ââ¦nny keeâ⦠of the ââ¦r seale This yeare maister William de Kilkenny a sober faythfull and learned man was made keeper of the great seale The same yeare vpon inquisition made by Geffrey de Langley one of the kings counsaile of transgressors in forrests and chases many that had offended were presented and most grieuously punished by imprisonment fines and exceeding great amerciaments and namely in the North Countrey ââ¦ert de ââ¦nton deââ¦eth this ãâã The .xix. day of May died Robet de Lerinton Clearke the which hauing continued a long time in the office of a Iudge purchased to himself great fame and also most large possessions But certaine yeares before his death bycause he was diseased with the Palsey he gaue ouer that office and drewe himselfe into a quiet trade of lyfe so ending his dayes in prayers and doing of almes deedes About the feast of S. Margaret The Lorde Henry Hastings deceaseth Robert Muschampe died Henrie Hastings a noble Baron and one Robert de Muschampes a man of greate renoume in the North parties Also Walter Bishop of Wynchester departed this lyfe about the feast of Saint Mathew Athelmare the kings half brother made Bi. of Winchest in whose place through the kings earnest sute his halfe brother Athelmare was promoted to succeede On the first day of October the Moone vpon hir change appearing exceeding red and swelled beganne to shewe tokens of the great tempest of winde that followed ââ¦ightie ââ¦de whiche was so huge and mighty both by land and sea that the like had not bin lightly knowne nor seldome or rather neuer heard of by men then aliue The sea forced contrarie to hir natural course flowed twice without ebbing ââ¦t Par. yeelding such a roaring noyse that the same was heard not without great wonder a farre distance from the shore Moreouer the same sea appeared in the darke of the night to burne as it had beene on fire ââ¦e sea seeâ⦠to burne and the wanes to striue and fight togither after a maruellous sort so that the mariners coulde not deuise howe to saue theyr shippes where they lay at ankre ââ¦s lost by no cunning nor shift which they could deuise ââ¦tburne At Hertburne three tall shippes perished without recouerie besides other smaller vesselles ââ¦chelsey At Winchelsey besides other hurt that was done in bridges milnes breakes and banks there were three hundred houses with some Churches drowned with the high rysing of the water course The country of Hollande in Lyncolnshire and Holland beyonde the sea and the Marish lande in Flaunders susteyned inestimable domage in many other places by reason that riuers beaten backe and repulsed by the rysing of the sea swelled so on high that they ouerflowed theyr chanels much hurt was done in Medowes Brigges Mylnes and houses About the beginning of the .xxxv. yeare of king Henries raigne An. Reg. 35. The practise of the Bishops to disappoynt the Archb. of Cant. of his purpose the Bishops of Englande vnderstanding that the Archbishop of Canterburie was about to purchase of the Pope a graunt to gather money through his whole prouince of the Cleargie and people for Sinodes and procuracies they thought to preuent him and therfore made a collection euery one through hys owne Dioces of two pence of euery marke which any beneficed man might dispende which money so collected they ment to employ about charges in the Popes Court for the stay of the Archbishops suyte that the graunt should not passe A earthquake at S. Albons About the same time to witte vpon Saint Lucies day there was a great Earthquake at S. Albons and in the parties there aboutes with a noyse vnder the ground as though it had thuÌdred This was straunge and maruellous bycause the ground there is chalky and sound not hollow nor loose as those places be where Earthquakes for the most part happen Doues Rookes and other birdes that sat vpon houses and in
endured more than a great league Caxton The number slaiââ¦e Froissart There were slaine in all to the number of two thousande When the king of Englande had thus passed the riuer hee acquit Gobin Agace and all hys companie of their raunsoms and gaue to y e same Gobin an hundred nobles Crotay burnt and a good horse and so the king roade foorth as he did before His marshals roade to Crotay by the Sea side and burnt the towne and tooke all such wines and goodes as were in the Shippes and Barkes which lay there in the hauen One of the Marshals road to the gates of Abuile and from thence to S. Richier and after to the towne of Rue saint Esperite This was on a Fryday and both the Marshals returned to the kings host about noone and so lodged all togither about Cressy in Ponthieu where hauing knowledge that the French king followed to giue ãâã battaile he commaunded his marshals to cââ¦plot of ground somewhat to his aduantage ãâã he might there abide his aduersaries In the ãâã time the French king being come with at his ââ¦issance vnto Abuââ¦e and hearing hâ⦠the ãâã EnglaÌd was passed ouer the riuer of Sâ⦠ãâã dââ¦comfited sir Goâ⦠dâ⦠Foy he was ãâ¦ã pleased in his minde but when he vnderstood ãâã his enimies were lodged at Cressy and meâ⦠ãâã to abyde him he caused all his people to ãâ¦ã of Abuââ¦e and early on the Saterday in the ââ¦ning anon after Sunne rysing he departed ãâã of the towne himselfe and marched towards his enimies The king of England vnderstanding that his aduersarie king Philip stil followed ãâã to giue him battaile and supposing that the ãâã Saterday he would come to offer it ââ¦oââ¦e ãâã in the morning and comaunded euery man ãâã to call vpon God for his ayde theâ⦠to be ââ¦ed and to draw with speede into the field thâ⦠the place before appoynted they might be set ââ¦der of battail Beside this he caused a pââ¦e to ãâã and closed by the woodde side behinde ãâ¦ã in the which he ordeyned that all the Caââ¦tes aââ¦ges shoulde be set with all the horses ãâã eueryâ⦠was on foot Then he ordeyned three ãâã in the first was the prince of Wales with him the Earle of Warwike the Lord Godfrey of Harecourt the Lord Stafforde the Lord de la Waâ⦠the Lord Bourchier the lord Thomas Clifford Gâ⦠ãâ¦ã sayth that when they should inâ⦠ãâ¦ã English ãâã were yâ⦠archeâ⦠English de Welââ¦men beside ââ¦ther ãâã with ãâ¦ã Ianââ¦ies and not ââ¦ully 400â⦠ãâã the Lord Reginald Cobham the Lord Thomas Hollande sir Iohn Chandos sir Bartilââ¦w de Browash sir Rob. Neuil They were an vââ¦j C. men of armes and two M. archers a. M. of other with the Welchmen In the second bââ¦taile was the Erle of Northamton the Erle of Arundell the Lords Ros and Willowbie Baââ¦et S. Albine Multon and other The third battaile the king led himselfe hauing with him .vij. C. men of armes and two thousande Archers and in the other battayles were to the number of right hundred men of Armes and twelue hundred Archers Thus was the English armie marshalled according to the report of Froissart When euery man was gotten into order of battaile the king leapt vpon a white Hobbie Froissââ¦t The ãâã meâ⦠ãâã the ââ¦e and rode from ranke to ranke to viewe them the one Marshall on hys ryght hande and the other on hys lefte desiring euerie manne that daye to haue regarde to hys ryght and honour Her spake it so courteously and wyth so good a countenaunce that euen they whiche before were discomforted tooke courage in hearing him speake suche sweete and louing woordes amongest them It was nine of the clocke or euer is ãâã ââ¦ed all his battayles and thervpon it caused euerie man to eate and drinke a little which they did at theyr ley sure This was a perillous battaile and sore foughten there were few taken to mercie for the English men had so determined in the morning Certaine French men and Almaines perforce opened the archers of the Princes battaile The princes battail pierced and came to fight with the men of armes hand to hand Then the seconde battaile of the Englishe men came to succor the Princes battaile and not before it was time for they of that battail had as then ynough to do insomuch that some which were ãâ¦ã as the Erle of Northampton The ãâã Northamâ⦠sendeth ãâã king and other ãâã the king where he stood aloft on a Wâ⦠requiring him to aduaunce forward and ãâã their ayde they being as then sore layde tâ⦠enimies The king here vpoÌ demaunded if ãâã were slaine hurt or felled to the earth ãâã the knight that brought the message The kings answere but ãâ¦ã matched well sayd the king returne to him ãâã them that sent you and say to them that they send no more to me for any aduenture that ââ¦leth so long as my sonne is aliue for ãâã that this iourney be his with the honor theâ⦠ãâã this answere the knight returned which ãâã encouraged them to do their best for to ãâã theyr spurres beeing halfe arashed in that they hâ⦠sent to the king for ayde At length when it deâ⦠toward euening that the Frenchmen wâ⦠beââ¦ten downe slain on eche hand The French king depaâ⦠out of the ãâã king Philip as it were by coÌstraint departed out of the field not ââ¦uing as then past .lx. persons about him of whoÌ the L. Iohn of Heynââ¦ult was one by whose perswasion be chiefly consented to ride his way for his owne safegarde when hee sawe the losse was such as on that day it could not be recouered The slaughter of the Frenchmen was great and lamentable Great slaughter of Frenchmen Caxton Iames Mâ⦠Polidor Froissââ¦rt Noble mââ¦n ââ¦aâ⦠namely for the losse of so many noble menne as were slaine at the same battaile fought betwene Cressy Broy on that Sââ¦terday next following the feast of S. Bartholomew being as that yeare fell the .xxvj. of August Among other which died that day these ãâ¦ã registred by name as chiefest Iohn king of Boheme Raufe Duke of Lorraine Charles of Alanso brother germaine to king Philip Charles Erle of Bloys Lewes Erle of Flanders also the Earle of Harecourt brother to the Lord Geâ⦠of Harecourt with the Earles of Aussere Anmerle and Saint Poule beside diuers other of the nobilitie The English men neuer brake out of their battails to chase any man but kept themselues togithers in their wards and ranks defended themselues euer agaynst such as came to assayle them This battaile ended about euening When the Frenchmen were clearly ouerââ¦e and those that were left aliue fled gone so that the Englishmen heard no more noyse of them The king of England commeth downe from the hâ⦠king Edwarde came downe from the hyll on the which hee had stood all that day with his helmet still on his head
mentioned betwixt the King of Englande and Fraunce at the sute of the Pope so that K. Edwarde shoulde haue resigned hys title and clayme to the Crowne of Fraunce and y e FreÌch King should haue giuen ouer vnto him y e whole Duchie of Guyenne to holde the same freely without knowledging of resort or superioritie or doing any manner of homage for the same but suche delayes were made and the sute so prolonged by the Pope that the Earle of Derby whiche with others were sente to him aboute thys matter returned withoute speede of his purpose for the whych he went The same yeare in October an Englishe archer of the gaââ¦ison of Caleis named Iohn of Dancaster by licence of the Lord deputie of Caleis tooke with him threescore persons menne of armes and archers and in the nighte that goeth before the feast day of Saint Vincent in the last quarter of the same nighte hee commyng to the Castell of Guynes founde as well the watch as other fast a sleepe wherevpon hee passed a water that adioyned to the Castell wading vp to the girdell and so came to the wall where he and hys company rearing vp ladders mounted by y e same so secretely that slaying the watche beeing not past three or four persons that were on y e walles they entred the Castell The Castell of Guynes wonne and finding the Frenchmen a sleepe sleWe those that vppon their wakening made anye defence and tooke the residue whome they suffered to departe and by thys meanes they wanne the Castell finding greate store of vittayles within and so as they founde it they kepte it to the Kyng of Englande vse The French histories declare that one GuilliaÌ de Beauconroy that was Captayne of this Castell betrayed y e place to y e englishmeÌ for a suÌme of money and when the Frenche King required restitution ââ¦lidor bycause the truce was not yet expired he was shifted off with this forged answer y e nothing was excepted by the assurance of the truce concerning things that shoulde be bought and solde The Frenchman that betrayed it was shortly after put to execution at Amiens ââ¦otes and ââ¦e grotes ââ¦st coigned In this yeare were the first peeces of siluer called groates and halfe groates of foure pence and two pence the peece stamped by the Kinges appoyntment through the counsell of William de Edington Byshop of Winchester Lorde Treasorer Before that time there were no other coignes but the Noble halfe noble and quarter noble with the peeces of siluer called sterlings Bycause these newe peeces wanted of the weight of the olde sterling coigne the prices as well of vittayles as of other wares did dayly rise and seruauntes and workemen waxing more craftie than beforetime they had bin demaunded greater wages This yeare 1352 An. reg 26. vpon the euen of the Assumption of our Lady Sir Iohn Bentley Knight as theÌ Lord warden of Britaigne fought with the L. Guy de Nealle Marshall of Fraunce lately ransomed out of captiuitie in the parties of Britaine neere to a place called Movron Movron betwixte Rennes and Pluremell where the sayd Marshal was slayne togither with the Lorde of Briquebeke the Chateline of Beauvais and dyuers other both Britons and Frenchmen 135â⦠An. reg 27. ââ¦ho VVals ãâã the printed ââ¦ooke of staââ¦tes it should ââ¦peare that ââ¦is ParliameÌt ââ¦s rather ââ¦olden in the ââ¦5 yeare of ââ¦his Kings ââ¦oigne In the seuen and twentith yeare of his raigne King Edwarde helde a Parliamente at Westminster after the feast of Easter in which an ordinance was deuised what wages seruauntes and labourers should be allowed prohibiting theÌ to receyue aboue the rate whiche they were accustomed to take before the yeare of the great mortalitie Seruantes and labourers were in deede growen to bee more subtill than before time they had bin but by reason that the prices of thinges were enhaunced it is like they demaunded greater wages than they hadde done before time and one cause of the dearth was imputed to the newe coigne of money beeing of lesse weight in the alley thereof than before it had bin so that the Bishoppe of Winchester being Lord Treasorer who hadde counselled the king to ordeine those groates and halfe groates was euill spoken of amongest the people In this Parliament there were statutes also made ââ¦tatutes for ââ¦aking of ââ¦othes that clothes should in length and breadth through the Realme beare the same assise as was ordeined in the ParliameÌt holden at Northampton Also that all weares milles Weares and ââ¦illes and other lettes should be remoued forth of riuers that might be any hinderance for ships botes or lighters to passe vp and down the same But these good ordinaunces tooke little or none effect by reason of bribes that walked abroad and friendshippe of Lordes and greate men that sought rather their owne commodities than the common wealthes Shortely after the feaste of Pentecoste Creations of noble men the Earle of Derbie and Lancaster was made Duke of Lancaster and Raufe Lord Stafforde was created Earle of Stafforde Whereas there had bin a treatie betwixte the lordes of Britaine and the king of Englande not onely for the deliueraunce of the lorde Charles of Bloys The Lorde Charles of Blois but also for the matching of his eldest sonne in marriage with one of king Edwards daughters and so to enioy the Dukedome in peace This matter was so farre forewardes that in the yeare last passed the said lorde Charles leauing two of his sonnes and a daughter in pledge for the paymeÌt of .xl. M. florens agreed vpon for his raunsome hee was permitted to retourne into Britaine to prouide that money and withall to procure a dispensation that his eldest sonne might marrie with one of king Edwards daughters notwithstanding that otherwise they were within the degrees of coÌsanguinitie prohibiting them to marrie Heerevppon this yeare about Michaelmas hee retourned into Englande with the same dispensation but bycause aboute the same time the Britons had taken by stelth an Ilande wyth a Castell therein that the Englishmen had kepte and put all those whiche they founde therein to the sworde the saide Lorde Charles otherwise Duke of Britaine lost the Kings fauour so that he woulde heare no more of any suche aliance by way of marriage as had bin coÌmuned of before by reason wherof the Brittish lords that were in great number come ouer with the lorde Charles de Blois were coÌstreined to returne home without atchieuing any part of their purpose leauing the saide lorde Charles and his children behinde them still here in Englande Debate betwixt the Dukes of Brunswike Lancaster The fourth daye of September the Duke of Brunswicke and the Duke of Lancaster should haue fought a combate in Paris about certayne wordes that the Duke of Lancaster shoulde speake in derogatioÌ of the Duke of Brunswikes honor for the which the sayd Duke had appealed him in the Court of Fraunce but when
deuyse to the Kyng and where hee perceyued by hys cheere and countenaunce that hys heart was full of pensiue griefe carefull thought and heauynesse he comforted hym in the beste maner that hee myght and sayd to him Moste noble King there is no cause wherefore your grace shoulde be pensiue The Prince cheereth the French king though God this daye didde not consente to followe youre will For your noble prowes and dignitie royall wyth the supreme type of youre Kyngly Maiestye remayneth whole and inuiolate and whatsoeuer maye rightly bee called yours so that no violente force of time shall blotte out or diminishe the same Paulus Aââ¦milius the Almightie God hath determined that the chaunce of warre shall rest in his disposition and will as all other things Your elders haue atchieued bothe by lande and sea many noble enterprices The whole compasse of Europe al the East parts of the world all places and countreys bothe farre and neare are full of monumentes witnessing the noble victories attained by the Frenche people The cause of godlie liuing and religion the dignity and preheminence of Christianitie hathe bene defended and augmented by you againste the moste mightie and puissaunt capitaines of the infidels enemies to the said Christian religion All ages shall make mention of your worthie praises no nation there is but shall confesse it selfe bounden at one time or other for benefites receiued at your handes neyther is there any people but suche as hope to be hereafter bounden to you for reliefe and benefites to proceede from you in time to come one or twoo batails haplye haue chaunced amongest so many triumphs otherwise than you wold haue wished Chaunce woulde it shoulde be so whiche maye enfeeble and make weake the power of horses armor and weapon your inuincible courage and royall magnanimitie lyeth in your power to reteyne neyther shall this day take any thing from you or yours And this realme of Fraunce whiche hathe procreate and brought foorth norished so many of my noble progenitors shall perceyue my good meanyng towardes hir and not forgetfull of myne elders and towarde your maiestie if you will vouchsafe that I shoulde glorye of that name a most humble kinsman There are manye occasions of loue and freendshippe betwixte you and my father whiche I truste shall take place for I knowe all his thoughtes and inwarde meanings you shall agree and come to an attonement right easily togither and I pray God he neuer take me for his sonne except I haue you in the same degree of honour reuerence and faithfull loue whiche I owe towardes hym The king as reason wold acknowleged this to proceede of great curteste The Frenche King thanketh the Prince shewed towardes him in the prince and thanked him accordingly And the Prince performing in deede that whiche hee spake with worde ceased from further vsing of fire or other endomaging of the Frenche dominions taking his way through the countreys of Poictow and Xaintonge by easie iourneys The prince returneth to Berdeaux Froissart he and his people came to Blay and so passed ouer the water to Burdeaux in good safetie with all their riches and prisoners The Prince gaue to the lorde Iames Audeley who hadde receiued in the battaile many sore woundes v. C. The lord Audley revvarded markes of yearely reuenues assigned foorth of his landes in Englande the whiche gifte the knight graunted as freelye as he hadde receiued it vnto foure of his Esquiers whyche in the battaile hadde bene euer attendaunt aboute his person without whose ayde and valiant support he knewe well that he had bene slaine sundrie times in the same battaile by his enimies When the Prince hearde that he hadde so done hee marueiled what his meaning was therby and caused him to be brought beefore his presence and demaunded of hym wherefore he hadde so lightlie giuen away that rewarde whiche hee had bestowed vpon hym and whether hee thought that gifte to meane for him or not The Lorde Audeley so excused himselfe in extosting the good seruice done to him by his Esquiers throughe whome he hadde so many times escaped the daungers of deathe that the Prince did not onelie confirme the resignation of the fiue hundred marks giuen to the esquiers but also rewarded the lord Audley wyth vj. C. markes more of like yearely reuenues in maner and forme as her had receiued the other When the newes of this greate victorie came into Englande of the ouerthrowe of the Frenchemen and taking of the Frenche king yee may bee sure there was greate ioy shewed by outwarde tokens as bonfiers made Bonfiers feastes and banquets kept throughe the whole realme likewise the Gascoignes and englishemen beeing come to Burdeaux made greate reuell and pastime there spending freely that gold siluer which they had won in the battell of Poictiers and else where in that iourney This yeare in Aprill the Prince of Wales tooke shipping with his prisoners at Burdeaux and the fifthe of Maye arriued at Plimmouth 1357 An. reg 32. The foure and twentieth day of May bee was with greate honour ioyfully receiued of the citizens into the citie of London Ad. to Merimouth The prince bringeth the Frenche King ouer into Englande and so conueyed to the pallace of Westminster where the Kyng sitting in Westminster hall receyued the Frenche king and after conueyed hym to a lodging appointed for him where he laye a season but after hee was remoued to the Savoy whiche was at that time a goodly house apperteining to the Duke of Lancaster though afterwardes it was brent and destroyed by Wat Tyler and Iacke Strawe and theyr companie In this place the Frenche Kyng laye and kept house a long time after In the Winter followyng were royall Iustes holden in Smithfielde at the whiche were presente the Kings of England A Iustes holden Smithfielde Fraunce and Scotland with many greate estates of all their three kingdomes of the whiche the more parte of the straungers were as then prisoners It was reported that the French kyng could nor so dissemble nor cloke his inwarde thought but that there appeared some tokens of griefe in his countenaunce whilest hee behelde these warlike pastimes and when the king of Englande The Frenche King fââ¦vvfull and his sonne Prince Edwarde with comfortable wordes required hym after supper to put all pensiue cares out of his fantasie and to bee merrie and sing as other did he shoulde make this aunswere with a smyling countenaunce Quomodo cantabimus canticum in terra alienae Tho. VVals Frââ¦rt Aboute the same time there came ouer into Englande twoo Cardinalles the one called Talirande beyng bishoppe of Alba and commonly named the Cardinall of Pierregort Caââ¦a ãâã Englands and the other hight Nicholas intitled Cardinall of Saint Vitale or as Frossart hath of Dargell they were sente from Pope Innocent the sixte to entreate for a peace betwixte the Kinges of Englande and Fraunce but they coulde not
his brother K. Peter as in y e history of Spayne it may appeare which for that it apperteineth not to this historie of England I do heere passe ouer This yeare in the moneth of Marche 1368 An. reg ââ A blasing Starre Polichâ⦠Polidor appeared a blasing starre betwixte the North West whose beames stretched towards France as was then marked threatning as might be thoughte y t within a small time after it shoulde againe bee wrapped and set on fire with newe troubles of warre and euen then that countrey was not in quiet but harried in diuers partes by such souldiers as had bin with the Prince in Spaine ãâã now out of wages The leaders of which people Froissart were for the more part Englishmenne and Gascoignes as sir Roberte Briquet sir Iohn Tresmelle Roberte Ceny Sir Gaollard Vigier the Bourg of Bertveill the bourg Camoys or Cominges as Denice Sauage thinketh the bourge of Lespare Nandon or Nawdon of Barâârant Bernard de la Salle Ortigo ãâ¦ã many other In this .43 The Duke of Clarence ââ¦eth into ãâã yeare of K. Edwards raigne his second sonne the Lorde Lionell Duke of Clarence and Earle of Vlster passed the ãâã with a noble company of Lordes Knightes and Gentlemen The Lady Violant and wente through Fraunce into Lombardie there to marrie the Lady Violant daughter to the Duke of Millane He was hââ¦rably receiued in all places where heâ⦠caâ⦠and specially at Paris by the Dukes of Berry and Burgoigne the Lord Coucy and other the whiche brought him to the Court where hee dyued and supped with the King and lodged within y e pallace On y e next day he was had to a place where y e Q. lodged and dined with hir and after was conueyed to y e court again supped y t night with y e K. and on the morrow following he toke his leaue of the K. and Q. the which gaue to him great gifts likewise to y e noble meÌ of England y t came ouer with him to y e valew of .xx. M. floreus aboue he was conueyed froÌ place to place with certaine of y e french nobilitie till he came to y e bordures of the Realme and then entring into Sauoy His entertainment in Sauoy he came to Chamberie where y e Earle of Sauoy was ready to receiue him and there he remained four days being highly feasted amongst the Ladies damosels then he departed and y e Earle of Sauoy brought him to Millane to doe him the more honor His receyuing into Millan for his sister was mother to y e bride which y e Duke should marrie To speake of y e honorable receyuing of him into the Citie of Millane and of the great feast triumph and baÌquetting what an assemble there was in Millane of high estates at the solemnising of y e marriage Corio in the historie of Millayne betwixt him and the said Lady Violant it were two long a processe to remember The gifts that the father of the bride the Lord Galeas gaue vnto suche honorable personages as were there presente amounted in valewe to an inestimable summe The writers of the Mylanese histories affirme that this marriage was celebrate on the fifteenth day of Iune in the yere .1367 which being true ââ¦a Meir Froissort Caxton the same chanced in the .41 yere of thys kings raigne and not in this .42 yere though other authors agree that it was in the yere .1368 But to returne to other doings where we left Ye haue heard how the Prince of Wales coulde get no money of the K. of Spaine Froissart for the wages of his men of warre which he had reteined to serue him in the reducing of the saide King home into his countrey wherfore the Prince hauing bin at great charges in that iourney was neyther able to satisfie them nor mainteine his owne estate without some great aide of his subiectes therefore he was counsailed to reise a subsedie called a fowage The Prince of Wales conââ¦ââ¦o but ââ¦yâ⦠his subââ¦ctâ⦠with a ââ¦re subsidie through al the countrey of Aquitayne to runne only for the space of fiue yeares To thys payment euery chimney or fier must haue bene contributorie paying yerely one frank the rich to haue borne out the pore And to haue this paimeÌt granted al the estates of the countrey were called togither at Niort the Poictouins and they of Xainctonge Limosin Rouergue and of Rochel agreed to the Princes requeste ââ¦oyne not to ãâã enchaunced ãâã abaled with condition that he should keepe the course of his coigne stable for the tearme of seauen yeares but dyuers of y e other parties of GuyeÌne refused that ordinaÌce as the Earles of Arminarke and Gominges the Vicount of Carmaigne the Lords Dalbret de la Barde Cande Pincornet and diuers other great Barons but yet to depart quietly from the assemble they required a time to take better aduice and so they repaired into their countreys determining neither to returne againe accordyng to their promises nor to suffer anye fowage to runne amongest them at all The demaund of this fowage the cause of the Gascoynes reuolting to the French K. and were so muche offended with the motion that they soughte occasions foorthwith to reuolt from the English obeysance And therefore dyuers Lordes of them went to the French king and there exhibited into the chamber of the Peares of France their complaynts of the greeuous impositions and wronges which the Prince went aboute to laye vpon them affirming that their resorte ought to be to the crowne of Fraunce and to the kyng there as to their Lord Peramount The Frenche kyng who woulde not seeme to break the peace betwene him and the king of England dissimuled the matter and told them that hee woulde pervse the tenor of the Charters and letters of the peace and so farrefoorth as he might by permission of the same he would be glad to do them good The Erles of Arminack Perigourd Gominges and the Lorde Dalbret with other that were come thither about this matter were contented with this aunswere and so stayed in Fraunce till they might vnderstand further both of the french kings mind of y e Princes doings This yeare in October was Simon Langham Archb. of Canterbury elected to the dignitie of a Cardinall and then William Witlesley Byshoppe of Worceter was remoued vnto the Sea of Canterbury Aboute the same time The Earle of Saint Paule the Earle of Saincte Paule one of the hostages in Englande stale froÌ hence without taking anye leaue or saying farewell At his comming into Fraunce he greatly furthered the sute of the Lordes of Gascoigne and finally so muche was done on theyr behalfe that the Frenche Kyng was contented that the Prince of Wales shoulde be appealed 1369. The prince of Wales appealed to appeare and sommoned to appeare before the Frenche K. as Iudge in that poynt for
thought that whatsoeuer we did the same had bin done by his authoritie Finally when we had got power ynough that we needed not to feare any force that might be made forth against vs we would haue slayne all such noble men as mighte either haue giuen counsell or made anye resistance againste vs specially the Knightes of the Rhodes and lastly wee woulde haue kylled the Kyng and all menne of possessions with Byshoppes Monkes Chanons and parsons of Churches onely Friers Mendicants we would haue spared that myghte haue suffised for the ministration of the Sacramentes and when we hadde made a riddance of all those wee woulde haue deuised lawes according to the whych the subiectes of thys Realme shoulde haue liued for we woulde haue created Kyngs as Watte ââ¦ler in Kente and other in other Countreys ãâã bycause thys oure purpose was disappoynted by the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury that woââ¦e not permitte the King to come vnto vs we sought by all meanes to dispatch hym out of the way as at length we did Moreouer the same euening that Watte Tiler was kylled wee were determined hauyng the greatest parte of the commons of the Citie bent to ioyne with vs to haue sette fyre in foure corners of the Citie and so to haue deuided amongst vs the spoyle of the chiefest ryches that myghte haue beene founde at oure pleasure and thys sayde hee was oure purpose as God maye help me now at my last ende Thus maye you see after what sorte they were conspired to the destruction of the Realme And least this one mans confession might seeme insufficiente diuers other of them confessed the same or muchwhat the lyke in effect when they sawe no remedie but presente deathe before their eyes To declare the occasion why suche mischiefes happened thus in the Realme wee leaue to the iudgemente of those that maye coniecture a troth thereof by conferring the manners of that age and behauior of all states then sith they that wrote in those dayes maye happely in that behalfe misse the trueth in construing things according to theyr affections but truely it is to bee thoughte that the faultes as well in one degree as other specially the synnes of the whole nation procured suche vengeaunce to rise The cââ¦e of the late ââ¦multes whereby they myghte bee warned of theyr euill doings and seeke to reforme the same in tyme conuenient But as it commeth still to passe when the daunger is once ouershotte repentaunce lykewise is putte ouer and is no more regarded till an other scourge commeth eftsoones to putte menne in remembraunce of theyr duetie so in lyke manner as seemeth it chaunced in this Kynges dayes as by that whiche followeth it may more playnely appeare In thys meane tyme that these troubles were at the hottest in Englande the Duke of Lancaster beeyng in Scotlande so behaued hymselfe in the treatie whyche hee hadde in hande with the Scottes dissembling the matter so as if he had not vnderstoode of any trouble in Englande at all A truce ãâã Scotlande Tho. VValâ⦠Froissart that finallye before the Scottes hadde knowledge thereof a truce was concluded to endure for two yeares or as other haue for three yeares When hee hadde made an ende there and that all thyngs were agreed vppon and passed for the confirmation of that accorde hee returned to Berwike but at his comming thither the Captayne sir Mathew RedmaÌ would not suffer him to enter y e towne The captain of Berwyke will not suffer the duke of Lancaster to enter into the town bycause of a commaundement giuen to him froÌ the Earle of Northumberlande Lord Warden of the marches wherefore the Duke was glad to returne into Scotlande agayne obteyning licence of the Scottes to remayne amongst them till the Realme of England was reduced to better quiet Herevpon the Commons in England that fauored hym not tooke occasion to reporte the worst of hym that myghte bee deuised calling him nowe in tyme of their rebellious commotions a traytor to the Realme declaring that hee hadde ioyned hymselfe to the Scottes and meant to take part with them against his owne natiue countrey The Kyng indeede hadde sente commaundemente during the time of the rebellious troubles vnto the Earle of Northumberlande that hee shoulde haue good regard to the safekeeping of all the Townes and Castels vnder his rule and not to suffer anye person to enter the same hauing forgot to except the Duke of Lancaster beeyng then in Scotlande wherevppon the Duke tooke no small displeasure with the Earle of Northumberlande as after hee well shewed at hys coÌming home But before hee returned foorth of Scotlande he wrote to the Kyng to vnderstaÌd his pleasure in what sort he should returne humbling hymselfe in such wise as hee made offer to come with one Knight one Esquier a grome if it should please the Kyng so to appoynt him or if it so were that by his presence it was thoughte the Realme was like to fall in anye trouble hee was ready to departe into exile neuer to returne into his Countrey agayne if so bee that through his absence the King and Realme mighte enioy peace and quietnesse The Kyng hearing such offers wrote to him that his pleasure was to haue hym to returne home with all hys whole trayne and if the same were not thoughte sufficiente to guarde him hee should take of euery Towne by the which he passed a certayne nuÌber of men to attend hym vnto the next Towne for hys safegarde and so it was done the Kyng sending him commission to that effect and thus coÌming to the Courte he was of the Kyng right honorably receyued Within a few dayes after his commyng hee exhibited a greeuous complaynte agaynst y e Erle of Northumberland for abusing hym in dyuers sortes The Duke of Lancaster that ãâã the earle of Northumâ⦠ioyth ââ¦alty crimes in time of the late troubles so as his honor was greatly thereby touched for whych the Earle was sente for and commaunded to come vnto Barkhamsteede where all the Lordes in manner of the land were assembled in Counsell Heere after the Duke had laââ¦de dyuers things so the Earles charge for his disobedience vnfaithfulnesse and ingratitude the Earle after the manner of his Countrey not able to forbeare brake out into reprochfull wordes againste the Duke although hee was commaunded by the Kyng to ceasse where the Duke kept silence in humble manner at the first word when the king commaunded hym to holde his peace so that by reason of the Earles disobedience in that behalfe he was arrested But yet the Erles of Warwike and Suffolke vndertaking for his appearance at the nexte Parliament he was suffered to depart and so the Counsell brake vp About the feast of all Sainctes The duke of Lancaster and the Earle of Northumberland come to the parliameÌt with greate troupes of armed men the Parliamente beganne to the whiche the Duke of Lancaster came bringing with him an exceedyng number
hys ââ¦rney against the infidels of Prutzaland but into Prutzenlande where he shewed good proufe of his noble and valiant courage for ioyning with the maisters and knightes of the Teutsch order there the armie of the Lithuanians that came agaynst the sayd order was vanquished and foure chiefe leaders of the Lithuanians were taken prisoners three other being slain with three huÌdred of their chiefest and best approued souldiers Through the policie also and worthie manhood of the Erle of Darbie there was a certaine Citie taken where the said Erle and his men first entring vpon the walles did set vp his banner other being slouthfull or at the least vnskilful how to deale in such exploytes There were taken slaine foure M. of the coÌmon people and amongst them that were founde dead the king of Poloignes brother was one The Castell of the same Citie was besieged fiue weekes space but by reason of sicknesse such infirmities as chanced in the army the masters of Prutzen Liefland would not tarie any longer but brake vp their siege and returned The Master of Leifland led with him into his countrey three thousand prisoners In the meane time whilest the Christians were thus occupied as well agaynst the infidels in Barbarie as in the Easte partes towardes Lyttawe a royall Iustes and Martiall turnament was proclaymed to bee holden wythin Smithfielde in London A ââ¦al iustes ââ¦elleÌ in Smithfield at LondoÌ to beginne on Sunday next after the feast of Saint Michaell And bycause this triumphaunt pastime was published not onely in Englande but also in Scotlande in Almaigne in Flaunders in Brabant in Heynault and in Fraunce many straungers came hyther forth of diuerse Countreys namely Valeran Earle of Saint Paule that had maryed King Richardes sister the Ladie Mawde de Courteney and William the yong Erle of Osternant Some copies haue OsternaÌt son to Albert de Baniere Erle of Hollande and Heynalt At the day appoynted when all things were prepared there issued forth of the Tower about three of the clocke in the after noone lx Coursers apparelled for the Iustes and vpon euerie one an Esquier of honour riding a soft pace Then came forth .xxiiij. Ladies of honour lx sayth Froissart mounted on Palfreys The man nâ⦠of the iusts in Smithfield ryding on the one side richly apparelled and euery Ladie led a knight with a chaine of golde Those knightes being on the kings part had their armor and apparell garnished with white heartes and crownes of golde about theyr neckes Siluer sayth Frosart and so they came ryding through the streets of LoÌdon vnto Smithfield with a great number of Trumpets and other Instruments before them The King and the Queene with many other great estates were readie placed in Chambers richly adorned to see the Iustes and when the Ladies that led the knightes were come to the place they were taken downe from their Palfreys and went vp into Chambers readie prepared for them Their alighted the esquiers of honor from their coursers and the knights in good order mounted vpon them And so when their helmets were set on their heades and that they were readie in all poyntes after Proclamations made by the Heraults the iustes began and many commendable courses were runne to the great pleasure comfort and recreation of the King the Queene and all other the beholders The price that day on the answerers part was giuen to the Earle of Saint Paule and on the Chalengers side to the Earle of Huntington On the Monday the King himselfe wyth Dukes Erles Lordes and knights came to the iustes he being chiefe of the inner part That day the price was giuen to the Erle of Osteruant for the best doer of the vtter part and of the inner part to a knight of Englande called sir Hugh Spencer On the Tuesday all maner of Esquiers iusted and likewise on the Wednesday al maner of knights and esquiers that woulde on which day was a sore and rude iustes enduring till night And so many a noble course and other martiall feates were atchieued in those four days to the great contentation and pleasure of many a yong batchler desirous to win fame also highly to the kings honor The King kept open houshold in the Bishop of London his palaice by Paules church who by all that season helde his Court in the Bishops Palayce by Paules church keeping open houshold for all honest persones that thither resorted especially euery night after the iustes were ended a right sumptuous princely supper was prepared for the strangers other and after supper the time was spent in dancing reuelling after the most courtlike maner The K. festeth the straungers The Thursday the king made a supper to al the Lords knights and gentlemen strangers and the Queene to all the ladies and gentlewomen On the Fryday the duke of Lancaster feasted at dinner al the sayd Lords The Duke of Lancaster feasteth the strangers knights gentlemeÌ strangers in most sumptuous plentiful maner On the Saterday the king and all the whole companie departed from LoÌdon vnto Winsore where newe feasting beganne and specially the king did all the honour that might be deuised vnto the Erles of S. Paule and Osteruant The Erle of Osteruant at the ernest request of the king receyued of him the order of the Garter for the whiche hee was euill thought of afterwardes by his friendes namely the French king and others Finally after that the king had thus feasted the strangers and other at Windsore eche man tooke leaue of the king the Queene and the kings vncles and other Lords and Ladies and so departed the strangers into their own couÌtreys other home to their houses or whither they thoght best About the same time by the king with the aduice of his counsaile proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed and abyding in the Court of Rome A pâ⦠that aâ⦠engâ⦠beneficed ãâã in Rome ãâã returne into Englande being Englishe men borne should returne home into Englande before the feast of Saint Nicholas vnder pââ¦e to forfeyte all theyr benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise lymitted The English men hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blowe left the Popes Court and returned to their natiue soyle The Pope troubled with such a ruÌbling noise The Pope sendeth ãâã Nuncio to king Richard sent in all hast an Abbot as his nuncio vnto the king of Englande aswell to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised made lately in Parliament agaynst those that prouided themselues of benefices in the Court of Rome by the Popes Bulles which seemed not a little preiudiciall to the Church of Rome in consideration whereof the sayd nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of y e church liberties but if y e same statuts were not
bootie of beasts and cattaile he returned The Emperor of Constantinople comming into England to sue for aide against y e Turkes The Emperor of Constantinople câ⦠into England was met by the K. on blacke heath vpon y e feast day of S. Thomas the Apostle broughte vnto London with great honor The K. bare all hys charges presenting him with giftes at his departure meete for such an estate After y e feast of the Epiphanie 1401 a Parliamente was holdeÌ in which an Acte was made A parliament agaynst those y t held opinions in religion contrary to the receiued doctrine of the Church of Rome ordeyning y t wheresoeuer any of theÌ were found and proued to set forth such doctrine they shoulde bee appreheÌded deliuered to y e B. their dyocefane if they stood stiffely in their opinioÌs and would not be reformed they should be deliuered to y e secular power to be brent to ashes The first y t tasted the smart of this Statute was one Wilâ⦠Hawtree or Sawtree a priest One brench Smithfield y e being appreheÌded was breÌt in Smithfield in time of this Parliament About the same time K. Henry according to promise made as ye haue heard Additionâ⦠the châ⦠of Flaâ⦠vnto the French Ambassadors sente ouer into the Countrey of Guisnes Edward Earle of Rutland otherwise in king Richards dayes entituled Duke of Aumarle sonne to Edmond Duke of Yorke There waâ⦠also the Eâ⦠Deuâ⦠Froiâ⦠Elieââ¦ck Froâ⦠HeÌry Earle of Northumberlande and his sonne the Lord Henry Percy the Lord Yuan Fitzwaren the Bishops of Winchester and Lincolne where the Duke of Burbon the Lordes Charles d Albert Charles de Hangest CoÌmissioners ãâ¦ã treate ãâã peace Iohn de Chastelmorant the Patriarke of Ierusalem and the Byshops of Paris and Beauuois were ready there to commune with them and so they assemblyng togither at sundry tymes and places the French men required to haue Queene Isabell to them restored but the Englishmen seemed loth to departe with hir requiring to haue hir married to Henry Prince of Wales one in bloud and age in all things to hir equall but the French ââ¦e woulde in no wise condiscende thereto wiââ¦te their Kings consente The frenche ââ¦ng ââ¦abled ãâã ââ¦ensâ⦠who at that presente was not in case to vtter his mind being troubled with his wonted disease The commissioners then began to treate of peace and at length renewed the truce to endure for sixe and twentie yeares yet to come ââ¦or 25. ââ¦res wherevnto the foure yeares passed beeyng added made vp the number of thirtie yeares according to the conclusion agreed vpon in the life time of King Richard Eâ⦠Some Authors affirme that ther was a new league concluded to continue during the lyues of both the Princes The frenchemen demauÌde ãâã for Queene Isabel The Frenchmenne dyuers times required to haue some dower assigned forth for Queene Isabell but that was at all times vtterly denyed for that the marriage betwixte hir and King Richard was neuer consummate by reason whereof she was not dowable Neuerthelesse shee was shortly after sente home vnder the conduct of the Earle of Worcester associate with dyuers other noble and honorable personages both men and women hauing with hir all the iewels ornameÌts and plate which she brought into England with a great surphisage besides Additions of the Chro. of ââ¦rs ââ¦he is deliueââ¦ââ¦me giuen to hir by the King She was delyuered betwixte Bulloigne and Calais vnto Valeran Earle of S. Pol the French Kings Lieutenant in Picardie who being accompanyed with the Byshop of Chartres the Lord de Hugueuile the Lady of Monpensier sister to the Earle of Marche the Lady of Lucenburgh sister to the saide Earle of S. Pol and diuers other Ladyes and Gentlewomenne whiche receyued hir with greate ioy and gladnesse and taking leaue of the Englishe Lordes and Ladies they conueyed hir vnto the Dukes of Burgoigne and Burhunne that attended for hir not far off vpon a hill with a great number of people They first conueyed hir to Bulleigne and after to Abuile froÌ whence the Duke of Orleyaunce conueyed hir to Paris She is conueied to Paris vnto the presence of the K. hir father Hir seconde marriage and the Q. hir mother She was after giuen in marriage vnto Charles son to Lewis Duke of Orleaunce About the same time An. reg 3. Owen Glendower The daunger of the king to haue bene destroyed Owen Gleindouer and his Welchmen did much hurt to the Kings subiects One night as the King was going to bed he was in danger to haue bin destroyed for some naughtie traiterous persons hadde conueyed into his bed a certaine iron made with smithes crafte like a Caltroppe with three long prickes sharpe and small standing vpright in sort that when he had laid him downe and that the weighte of hys body should come vpon the bed he shuld haue bin thrust in with those prickes and peraduenture slayne but as God would the K. not thinking of any such thing chanced yet to feele and perceyue the instrument before he layde him downe and so escaped the daunger About Whââ¦tfontide a conspiracie was deuised by certayne persons that wished the Kings deathe A brute was spred abrode that K. Rich. was liuing mainteyning and bruting abroade that King Richarde was aliue and therefore exhorted men to stand with him for shortly he would come to light and reward such as tooke hys part with iust recopence herewith there was a priest takeÌ at Ware A priest taken or as some bookes haue at Warwike who had a Kalender or rolle in whyche a great number of names were written moe than were in any wise giltie to the fact as afterwards appeared by the same priests confession for being examined whether he knew such persons as hee had so enrolled were there present before him he sayd he neuer knewe them at all and beeyng demaunded wherefore hee had then so recorded their names he aunswered bycause hee thoughte they would gladly doe what mischief they could against King Henry vpon any occasion offered in reuenge of the iniuries done to King Richarde by whome they had bin aduaunced and princely preferred When therefore there appeared no more credite in the man he was condemned He is executed drawen hanged and quartered and dyuers that had bin appreheÌded about that matter were releassed The Priour of Launde apprehended and set at libertie Shortly after y e Prior of Launde who for his euill gouernemement had bin depriued of his state and dignitie was likewise executed not for attempting any thing of himselfe but only for that he confessed that he knew euill counsaile and concealed it His name was Walter Baldocke a Chanon sometyme in Dunstable and by King Richarde promoted to the Priorship of Laund Grey Friers apprehended Also the same time certayne grey Friers were apprehended for treason which they had deuised to
garnisons within the townes that were alreadie in the king of Englandes possession insomuche that as some haue written within the octaues of the Assumption three notable victories chaunced to the Englishmen in three seuerall places first an hundred Englishmen at Kylbuef tooke three great Lordes of the Frenchmen The great ââ¦ies on ââ¦e English ââ¦de with in a ãâã time ââ¦ogether besydes fourtscore other persones and put three hundred to flight Also vpon the Thursday within the fame octaues foure hundred Frenchmen that were entred within the Suburbs of Eureux were repulsed by eleuen English men that tooke foure of those Frenchmen prisoners slue .xij. of them and tooke .xl. horses On the Saterday following the Frenchmen tooke in hand to steale vpon them that lay in garnison within Louires in hope to surprise y e towne early in the morning but the Captaine perceyuing their purpose sallied forth with a hundred of his men and putting the Frenchmen to flight being a thousande tooke an hundred and fourescore of them being all gentlemen But to returne to them before Rouen The siege thus continuing from Lammas almost to Christmas dyuerse enterprises were attempted and diuerse pollicies practised howe euery parte might endomage his aduersaries no part greatly reioyced of their gaine But in the meane time vittaile began sore to fayle them within so that onely Vinegar and water serued for drinke If I should reherse according to the report of diuerse writers howe deerly dogges rattes mise and cattes were solde within the towne Extreme famine within Roane and how greedily they were by the poore people eaten and deuoured and how the people dayly dyed for fault of foode and yong Infantes laye sucking in the streetes on theyr mother breastes lying deade steruen for hunger the Reader myghte lamente their extreme miseries A great number of poore sillie creatures were put out at the gates which were by the Englishe men that kept the trenches beateÌ and driuen back again to the same gates which they found closed and shut agaynst them And so they lay betwene the walles of the Citie and the trenches of the enimies still crying for helpe and reliefe for lacke whereof great numbers of them dayly died A vertuous charitable prince Yet king Henrie moued with pitie on Christmasse day in the honor of Christes Natiuitie refreshed all the poore people with vittaile to their greate comfort and his high prayse yet if the Duke of Burgoignes letters had not beene conueyed into the Citie it was thought they within would neuer haue made resistance so long time as they did for by those letters they were assured of reskue to come Diuerse Lordes of Fraunce hauing written to them to the like effect they were put in such comfort herewith that immediatlye to expresse their great reioysing all the Belles in the Citie were roong forth cherefully whiche during all the time of the siege till that present had kept silence In deede by reason of a faynt kinde of agreement procured betwixt the Dolphin and the Duke of Burgoigne it was thought verily that a power should haue beene raysed for preseruation of that noble Citie the losing or sauing thereof beeing a matter of such importance The king of Englande to preuent the enimies purpose Chron. S. Al. A large trench without the Campe. caused a large trench to bee cast without his campe which was pight full of sharpe stakes with a greate rampire fenced with bulwarkes and turnepykes in as defencible wise as myght be deuised Sir Robert Bapthorpe knight was appoynted Comptroller to see this worke perfourmed which he did with all diligence accomplish in like case as hee had done when the other trened and rampire strongly staked and hedged was made at the first betwixt the campe and the Citie to restreyne such as in the beginning of the siege rested not to pricke forth of the Gates on horsebacke And so by this meanes was the army defended both behinde and before 1419 Finally the whole number of the Frenchmen within the Citie were brought to suche an extremitie for want of vitayles that they were in danger all to haue sterued Wherevpon bring nowe past hope of reliefe they determined to treat with the king of England and so vpon newyeares euen there came to the Walles suche as they had chosen amongest them for commissioners which made a signe to the Englishmenne lying withoute the Gate of the Bridge to speake wyth some Gentlemanne or other personne of Authoritie The Earle of Huntingdon whiche kept that part sent to them sir Gylbert Vmfreuile vnto whom they declared that if they might haue a safeconduct they woulde gladly come forth to speake with the king Sir Gylbert repayring to the Duke of Clarence and other of the Kings Counsayle aduertised them of this request Herevppon the Duke of Clarence wyth the other Counsaylors resorted to the kings lodging to infourme him of the matter and to know his pleasure therein who after good aduicement and deliberation taken willed sir Gylbert to aduertise them that he was content to heare twelue of them whiche shoulde be safely conueyed to his presence They within Roane demand Parlce This answere being brought to the Frenchmen by the said sir Gilbert on the next day in the morning foure knightes foure learned men and foure sage Burgesses all clothed in blacke came forth of the Citie and were receyued at the port Saint Hillarie by sir Gilbert Vmfreuile accompanyed with diuerse Gentlemen and yeomen of the Kings housholde commonly called yeomen of the Crowne by whom they were conueyed to the kings lodging whom they founde at Masse whiche being ended the King came oute of hys trauers sternely and Princely beholding the French Messengers and passed by them into his Chamber And incontinently after commaunded that they should be brought in before his presence to heare what they had to say One of them lerned in the Ciuill Lawes was appoynted to declare the Message in all theyr names who shewing himselfe more rashe than wise more errogant than learned K presumpteous Oâ⦠fyrst tooke vpon him to shewe wherein the glorie of victorie consisted aduising the king not to shewe his manhoode in furnishing a multitude of poore simple and innocent people but rather suffer such miserable wretches as laye betwixt the walles of the Citie and the trenches of his siege to passe through the campe that they might get theyr lyuing in other places and then if hee durst manfully assaulte the Citie and by force subdue it he should win both worldly fame and merite great meede at the handes of almightie God for hauing compassion of the poore needie and indigent people When this Oratour had sayde the King who no request lesse suspected than that whiche was thus desyred beganne a whyle to must and after hee had well considered the craftie cautele of hys enimyes with a fierce countenaunce The King answere to this proââ¦e message and bolde spirite hee reproued them both for theyr
glad of his comming backe than of hys aduauncing forwarde Anon after the Pope vnlegated him and sette an other in hys place where with he was nothing contented On the sixth day of Nouember being the day of Saint Leonarde King Henrie in the eyght yeare of his raigne was at Westminster with all pompe and honour crowned king of this realme of England The same yeare the Frenche King was receyued into the towne of Compiegne and shortly after were the townes of Senlis and Beauvoys rendred to him And the Lorde Longueual tooke by stealth the Castell of Aumarle and slue all the Englishmen within it Tho. VVals Also about the same tyme the Frenchmen recouered Castell Galiarde forth of the Englishe mens handes where the Lorde Barbason was found in a dungeon enclosed within a great grate of Iron like to a little Chamber and forthwyth they brake open the grate but Barbason woulde not come forth bycause he had gyuen his fayth and promise to one Kingston that was captaine of that Fortresse for the king of Englande to bee true prisoner vntil the Frenchmen had sent to the same Kingstone that was departed vpon suche couenants as they were agreed vpon at the delyuerie of that fortresse willing him to come backe againe vpon safeconduct which at theyr earnest request he did and withall discharged the Lorde Barbason of his othe and so then he came foorth and remayned at his libertie to the greate reioysing of the Frenchmen which iudged that he had bene rather deade than aliue all that time of his imprisonment About the same time also the French K. sought by all meanes possible to breake the amitie betwixt the realme of Englande and the house of Burgoigne whereof the Duke of Bedforde hauing intelligence thought it stoode him vpon the more earnestly to looke to his charge and namely as it were for an ancreholde hee determined to to prouide that hee might defende and safely kepe the duchie of Normandie and therefore appoynting the Bishop of Terrowen and Ely named Lewes of Lutzenburgh Chancellor for King Henrie of the realme of Fraunce to remayne at Paris vpon the defence of that Citie with a conuenient number of Englishmen he departed into Normandie and comming to Roan called a Parliament there of the three estates of the Duchie A parliament â⦠Roan called by the Duke ãâã ââ¦ord in the which he declared many things vnto them touching the happy life and great freedome which they might be assured to enioy so long as they continued vnder the English obeysance and therefore he exhorted them to abyde constant in theyr allegiaunce fayth and promyse made and sworne to his noble brother King Henrie the fifth Whylest the Duke of Bedforde was busie to retaine the Normans in theyr due obedience the French king departed from Senlis and coÌming to the towne of Saint Denys found it in maner desolate so that he entred there without resistance and lodged his armie at Mount Martyr and Abberuilliers neare vnto the Citie of Paris And from thence sent Iohn Duke of Alanson and his forceresse Ioan la Pucelle with three thousande light horsemen to assault the Citie and followed himselfe in hope to get it eyther by force or treatie But the English Captaynes euery one keeping his warde and place assigned so manfullye defended themselues their walles and towers with the assystance of the Parisians that they repulsed the Frenchmen and threwe downe Ioan theyr great Goddesse into the bottom of the town ditche where she lay behinde the backe of an Asse sore hurt till the tyme that shee all filthie wyth myre and durt was drawne out by Guyscharde of Thienbrone seruant to the Duke of Alanson The French king perceyuing that he coulde not preuaile in this enterprise left the dead bodies behinde him and taking with him the wounded Captaine returned into Berrie But in the meane way the inhabitants of Laignie submytted themselues vnto him The Duke of Bedford being in Normandie hearing of this sodain attempt with all hast possible came to Paris where he gaue many greate thankes with highe commendations vnto the Captaynes souldiers and Citizens for theyr assured fidelitie great hardinesse and manly doing which his gentle words so encouraged the hearts of the Parisians that they sware promised and concluded to bee friendes for euer to the king of Englande and his friends and enimies alwayes to his foes and aduersaries making proclamation by this style friendes to king Henrie friends to the Parisians enimies to England enimies to Paris Marie whether this was vttered from the bottome of theyr hearts it is heard to so say but the sequele of their acts would seeme to proue the contrarie Soone after these doings came to Paris with a great companie Philip Duke of Burgoigne and then vpon long consultation had for the recouerie of theyr losses it was agreed that the Duke of Bedford shoulde rayse an armie and that the Duke of Burgoigne shoulde be his Deputie and tarie at Paris for the defence of the Citie The Duke of Bedforde then withoute anye great resistance recouered againe the towne of Saint Denys with dyuerse other fortresses And after this hee sent the Bastarde of Clareuce to laye siege to the Castell of Torsie the which notwythstanding the great strength therof after six monethes siege was rendred vp into his handes During the siege of this Castell sir Thomas Kiriell knight with foure C. Englishmen departed from Gourney in Normandie and rode by Beauvoys spoyling and robbing the Countrey to the Suburbes of Cleremount whereof the Earle of that towne hauing aduertisement assembled all the men of warre of the garnisons adioyning and wyth the same set forwarde to fight wyth the Englishmen whom he found in a strayte place neare to Beauvoys The Earle of Cleremonte perceyuing that hee coulde not hurte them wyth hys men of Armes by reason of the strength came downe on foote wyth all hys companye and fiercely sette on the Englishmenne but by the terrible shotte of the Englishe Archers the Frenchemenne in the ende were constrayned to flee and the English menne perceyuing the matter streyght leapt on Horsebacke and followed the chase In the whiche were taken two hundred Prisoners and thrice as many slaine The Earle escaped by the swiftnesse of his horse At the same season the Earle of Suffolke besieging the Towne of Aumarie whereof was Captayne the Lorde of Rambures after .xxiiij. greate assaultes gyuen to that Fortresse had the towne and Castell simplye to hym rendred Thus by lyttle and lyttle the Englishe menne recouered many Townes which before they had lost But yet aboute the same tyme the Frenche meÌ stale the towne of Laual by treason wrought by a Myller which keeping a Myll that ioyned to the Wall suffred the Frenche to passe through his Myll into the towne Shortly after also sir SteueÌ de Vignoilles surnamed la Hyre tooke by scaling the towne at Louiers in Normandie Laygny besieged by the englishmen The Englishe men in the
set forth fiftie horsemen as though there had beene no mo within the Castell The Erle perceyuing this sent forth sir Randolfe Standish to encounter them hauing with him an hundred horses The Frenchmen tought couragiously a while and sodainly came out all the remnant and slue sir Randolfe Standish and all his companie and boldly set on the Erle and his hande which manfully resisted the French men till at length the Hyre caused three Culuerings to be shotte off amongst the Englishmen whereof one strake the Earle on the ancle and so brake his legge that for payne he fell from his horse Then the French menne entered amongest the Englishenne tooke the Earle lying on the grounde wyth Sir Rycharde Wooduile and sixe score moe and there were slaine almoste two hundred The residue saued themselues as well as they might The Earle was caryed to Beauays where of his hurt he shortly dyed and was buried in the Frier Minors He was a man of syngular vertue constancy and grauitie whose death in so troublous a season did sore appall the heartes of the Englishe people Thus did mightie Mars oftentymes chaunge his variable countenaunce so that one tyme the English menne got by assault and yeelding dyuerse strong Townes Castelles and Pyles and at another season the Frenche people somtime by bargaine sometyme by assault obteyned the same againe or other in their steede Aboute the Moneth of Iune in this twelfth yeare Iohn Duke of Bourbon and Auuergne taken prisoner at the battayle of Agineourt .xviij. yeares past as before ye haue heard nowe paying his raunsome whiche was eightene thousande pounde sterling was taken with a moste sore and grieuous Feuer the which made an and of his lyfe in the Citie of London The Duke of Bourbon dyeth at LondoÌ the same daye that was appoynted for his departure towarde Fraunce whose corps was enterred in the gray Friers of the same Citie So thus maye euerye creature see howe man purposeth Continuatioâ⦠Chro. of Flau. and God disposeth This yeare also about the latter end of May ⪠was an enteruiew appoynted to be had at Saint Omers betwixt the Dukes of Bedford Burgoigne for the qualifying of certaine displeasures and grudges betwixt them kindled and mainteyned by some flattering taletellers which feyning things of reproche touching highly theyr honors bredde suche grudges that all loue betwixte them ceassed all affynitye was forgotten and all olde familiaritie was drawned through disdayne in the bottomlesse caue of Obliuyon Suche a pestilent breathe hath flatterye and suche myschiefe ensueth of Princes lyght credence These two Dukes being come to the towne of S. Omers the duke of Bedford being Regent of France and sonne brother and vncle to kings thought that the Duke of Burgoigne shoulde haue come and visited him in hys lodging The Duke of Burgoigne on the other parte being Lorde and soueraigne of the Towne iudged it not meete to goe to hym where hee was lodged but was content by intreatie of friendes to meete him in a place indifferente betweene both theyr lodgings which offer was not accepted and so both parties departed discontent and neuer after sawe nor communed togither Thus by the prowde disdeyne and enuious discorde of these two highe stomacked Princes Bedforde not mynding to haue any Peere and Burgoigne not willing to abyde any superiour shortly after Englande loste and Burgoigne gayned not long as by the sequele maye appeare An. reg 13. The Bastarde of Orleans called the Earle of Dunoys the Lorde Rochforde Marshall of Fraunce with other in the beginning of thys thirtenth yeare tooke the Towne of Saint Denys by treason skyrmished with them of Paris and leauing behynde them a great garnison tooke the Towne of Howdone and Pont S. Maxence by composition And at the same tyme was the towne of Pont Meulan taken by the sodaine sealing of two fyshermen which entred vp at a coÌmon priuie standing in the wall Thus as yee maye perceyue the warre was continually pursued betwixte these two mightye Nations Englishe and Frenche within the Realme of Fraunce beeing as it were the lystes within the which they had appoynted to trye the game so that no Countrey in the worlde was thought more miserable than the same And though the poore people and Inhabitantes of the good Townes and Villages susteyned most losse in theyr substaunce The fruites of warre yet the menne of warre oftentymes payed deare for theyr chieuance being dayly slaine wounded and taken prisoners and that on both partes as the chaunce of warre accustomably falleth out At length when sacietie of slaughter aboundaunce of murders remembraunce of losse of goodes and expences had somewhat softened the stonie beaââ¦tes of these loftie stomacked people so that eyther parte was desirous of peace yet the one disdained openly to offer it and the other priuately to receyue it The crye and noyse of this detestable warre was blasted throughe Christendome but specially the bruyte thereof was greate at Basile where the generall Councell was as then holden the Emperour Albert and all the Princes of Christendome beeing present there eyther in persone or by theyr procuratours for the abholishing of the Scisme that then continued in the Churche of Rome for this indubitate Pope Wherefore the Emperour and the temporall Princes 1435 supposing the exhortation of spirituall Fathers shoulde muche profite to the quieting of the stryfe betwixt the Realmes of England and Fraunce desyred Eugenie then Pope to bee a mediatour betwixt them And one thing put them in good hope of some good conclusion bycause the Duke of Bourgoigne was wylling so that it were not of hys owne suyte to returne reconcile himselfe with the French King his mortall enimie and auncient aduersarie Herevpon by authoritie of this generall Councell two discrete persons A solempe treatie of peace ãâã Arras the Cardinals of the holy Crosse and Cypres came to the towne of Arras in Arthoys whither were sent from the King of Englande Henrie Beauforde Cardinal of Winchester Henrie Archbishop of Yorke William de la Poole Earle of Suffolke and Iohn Hollande Earle of Huntingdon with dyuerse other Knights and Esquiers And for the French king were there present Charles Duke of Bourbon Lewes Earle of Vandosme Arthure of Brytayne Conestable of Fraunce the Archbishop of Reimes and sir Philip Harecourt The duke of Burgoigne was there in proper person accompanied with the duke of Guelders and the Erles of Estampes Lygny S. Paule Vandemont Neures and Daniel sonne to the Prince of Orange with a great gard and a gallant companie Vpon the day of the first session the Cardinal of S. Crosse declared to the three parties the innumerable mischiefes that had followed to the whole state of the christen coÌmon welth by theyr continual dissention and dayly discord exhorting them for the honour of God and for the loue which they ought to beare towards the aduancement of his fayth and true religion to conforme themselues to reason and to
neuer enter in league with him bycause he had broken his promise oth and writing sealed to him and to his father Other imagined this to bee done of a cautell to cast a mist before the Frenche Kings eyes to the intent hee should beleeue that this feate was wroughte by the Duchesse without assente or knowledge of the Duke or his counsell Thus may yee see that Princes sometyme with suche vayne gloses and scornefull expositions will hide theyr doyngs and cloke their purposes to the intent they woulde not eyther be espyed or else that they maye plucke their heads out of the coller at their pleasure 1437 About this season Queene Catherin mother to the king of England departed out of this life and was buried by hir husband in the minster of Westminster Catherin mother to Kyng Henry maried Owen Tenâ⦠This woman after the death of kyng Henry the fifth hir husband beyng yong and lustie following more hir owne wanton appetite than friendly counsel and regarding more priuate affection than hir princelyke honour tooke to husband priuily a goodly Gentleman and a ryght beautyfull person endued with manye goodlye giftes bothe of nature and grace called Owen Tenther a man descended and come of the noble lynage and auncient lyne of Cadwallader last king of the Britons by whom she conceyued and brought forth three goodly sonnes Edmund Iasper an other which was a Monke in Westminster and liued a small time also a daughter which in hir youth departed out of this transitorie life King Henrye after the death of his mother bycause they were his breethren of one wombe descended created Edmond Earle of RichmoÌd and Iasper Earle of Pembroke which EdmoÌd engendred of Margaret daughter and sole heire to Iohn Duke of Somerset Henry which after was King of this Realme called Henry the seauenth of whome yee shall heare more in place conuenient This Owen after the death of the Queene his wife was apprehended and committed to warde bycause that contrarie to the statute made in the sixte yeare of this King hee presumptuously had married the Queene without the Kings especiall assent out of whiche prison he escaped ââ¦d let out other with him and was againe apprehended and after escaped agayne Likewise the Duchesse of Bedforde sister to Lewes Earle of Saint Paule minding also to marrie rather for pleasure than for honor without counsel of hir friends maried a lusty knight called Sir Richarde Woduile to the great displeasure of hir Vncle the Bishop of Tyrwine and the Earle hir brother This Sir Richarde was made Baron of Riuers and after Earle and had by this Lady many noble sonnes and faire daughters of the which one was y e Lady Elizabeth after Quene of Englande by reason shee was married vnto Edward the fourth as heereafter shall appeare Whilest this marriage was a celebratyng Iane late Queene of England and before Duchesse of Britaine daughter to the King of Nauerre and wife to King Henrie the fourth dyed at the manor of Hauering and was buryed by hir husband at Canterburie And about the same time deceassed also the Countesse of Warwike and Henrie Archbyshop of Yorke In this yeare also the Duke of Somerset accompanyed with y e Lords of Fancombridge Talbot Sir Francis Surien the Arragonnois Mathewe Gough Thomas Paulet Thomas Harington Walter Limbrike Iohn Gedding William Watton Esquiers and Thomas Hilton Bailife of Roane with a great coÌpanie of the Englishe partie Harflew besieged won by the Englishmen besieged the Towne of Harflew lately before gotten by the FrenchmeÌ both by water and lande the Captayne within the towne was one Sir Iohn d'Estouteuille hauing his brother Robert with him and a fixe hundred good fighting men The assailants cast trenches and so fortifyed themselues in their campe and lodgings that when the Earles of Ewe and Dunois ⪠the valiant basterd of Bourbon the Lord Gawcourt and other famous Captaines with a four thousand meÌ sent to the rescue of them within came before the Towne they coulde not succour theyr frendes nor annoy their enimies by any meanes they could deuise and so for feare to lose honour they returned backe again with much trauaile and little profite The Capitaines within the towne perceiuing they could not bee ayded did shortly after render the town to the duke of Somerset who after coÌmitted it to the keepyng of Thomas Paulet William Lymbrik Christofor Barker and George saint George whiche many yeres til the deuision began in England manfully and valiantly defended both the town and hauen But afterward when this Duke of Somerset was Regent and gouernour of Normandie he not only lost this towne of Harflew but also the citie of Roan and the whole duchie of Normandie where as nowe being but a deputie he got it to his high prayse and glorie Iames king of Scottes murthered In this yeare was Iames kyng of Scottes murthered by certaine traitours of his own subiectes The Lord Talbot besieged Tankerville and after four moneths had it simply to him reÌdred This towne was no great gayne to the Englishmen for in the meane season the Frenche king in his own person besieged the strong town of Monstreau on fault YoÌne whereof Thomas Gerarde being capitayne more for desire of reward than for feare of enimies sold the Towne to the French King and had of him great gifts and good cheere as afterwards was opeÌly knowen This Towne had bin rescued or the Frenche King fought withall if one chance had not happened for the Duke of Yorke about that tyme was discharged of his office The Earle of Warwââ¦k made Regent of Fraunce and the Earle of Warwike preferred to the same so that the duke of Yorke lying as then at Roan woulde haue gladly rescued the Towne if his authoritie had not surceassed the Erle of Warwike could not come in time for y e wind was contrarie to him This presente yeare was a Parliament holden at Westminster in the whiche manye good and profitable actes for the preseruation of concord at home and defence against the enimies abroade were ordeyned and deuised Arthur of Britaigne Connestable of France and Iohn Duke of Alanson were sente by the Frenche King into Normandie with a greate army to besiege the towne of Auranches standing vpon the knoppe of an hill where after they had layen a certayne space without gayne the Lord Talbot with a valiant company of men came thither and offered the enimies battaile which when they at all hands refused the Lorde Talbot perceyuing theyr faint harts reysed his field and in the open sight of them all entred into the Towne and the next day issued out and finding the Frenchmen riding abroade to destroy the playne Countrey he compassed them about and slewe many of them and tooke diuers prisoners Although the Frenchmen gote neyther honor nor profit by this iourney yet they enterprised a greater matter as the winning of Roan in so much that Pothon de Santreiles and the
C. Englishmen Gascoignes albeit the frenchmen gained not this victorie with cleere hands for ther were slaine of them to the nuÌber of eight C. persons After this the bastarde of Orleans with hys brother Iohn Earle of Angolesme 145â⦠whiche had bin long prisoner in England and many other valiant Captaynes besieged y e Castell of MoÌtguyon which to them was reÌdered Afterward they besieged the Towne of Blay standing on the riuer of GaroÌne the which in conclusion by very force was coÌquered and won The basterd of Kendall Captaine of the Castell seeing the towne lost vpon certaine reasonable conditions deliuered his fortresse to the basterd of Orleans the french kings LieutenaÌt After this y e townes of Burge and Liborne after fiue weekes siege were likewise yelded to the frenchmeÌ TheÌ was y e Citie of Acques besieged by the Erle of Foys and the Vicont de Lawtree his brother and other noble men So likewise also was the strong towne of Rion by the Earle of Arminacke extreame enimie to y e realm of EnglaÌd for breach of y e mariage coÌcluded betweene K. Henrye and his daughter The Earle of Ponthieuvre layde siege to Chatillon in Perigort and the Earle of Dunoys enuironned with greate puissaunce the towne of Fronsacke The Englishmen perceiuing in what state they stood within y e towne couenanted with the said Earle y t if the Towne were not succoured and the Frenchmen fought with before the feast of the natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist next ensuing y e then the towne of FroÌsack should be yeelded to them whiche was the strongest fortresse in all that Countrey and the very key of Guyenne Hereof wer pledges delyuered writings made and sealed which agreement once blowen through the countrey the citie of Burdeaux and all other townes excepte Bayonne made the like agreement So did al y e noble men and Gentlemen whiche were subiects and vassals to the Crowne of Englande Euery day was looking for ayde but none came for the diuelishe deuision that raigned in Englande so encombred the heads of the noble men there that the honor of the Realme was cleerely forgotten so that to conclude the day appointed came but succour looked for came not by reason wherof all y e townes in Aquitaine except Bayonne deliuered their keyes and became vassales to the french nation yet the Citizens of Burdeaux in hope of rescues required a longer daye of battell which was graunted but at the day appoynted when no reliefe came they rendred themselues and the Citie to their aduersaries their liues and goodes saued with licence and safeconduit to all persons which would depart and saile into England Then finally was the Citie of Bayon besieged and with mines and baterie constreyned to yeeld it selfe into the Frenchmens handes Beside the agreements taken and made with the townes diuers noble meÌ made seuerall compositioÌs as Gaston de Foys Capdaw de Buef whome King Henrie the fifth made Earle of Longeuile and Knight of the garter whose ancestors were euer true to Englande whiche agreed that he and his son Iohn de Foys whom King Henrie the sixth made Earle of ââ¦tenâ⦠and also Knight of the garter shoulde ãâã all their landes in Aquitaine giuen to them by the kings of Englande or by the Dukes of ââ¦taine and bycause their intente was ãâ¦ã y e king of England they agreed to deliuer ãâã custodie of the Erle of Foys the ãâã and ãâã of the saide Earle of Krudale beeing of the age of three yeares to the intent that if he at his ãâã age denyed to become subiect to the French King or before that time deceassed that theÌ after y e death of his father and grandfather all the saide landes should wholly remaine to the next heire of theyr bloud either male or female being vnder the obeysance of the French King or his heires Many other noble men whose harts were good English made like compositioÌs and some came into England and others wente to Calais dare great offices there as the L. Duras whiche was Marshall of that Towne and Mons Vauchere which was deputie there vnder y e Erle of Warwike Thus were the Englishmen cleerely displaced and lost the possessioÌ of al y e couÌtreys townes Castels and places within the Realme of France so y e only Calais HaÌmes Guines w t the marches therof remained in their haÌds of al those their dominioÌs seigniories which they sometime held in the parties of beyond the seas The Duke of Yorke pretending as yee haue heard a right to the Crowne An. reg ãâã The Duke of Yorke maâ⦠clayme to the Crowne ⪠as heire to Lionel Duke of Clarence came this yere out of IrelaÌd vnto London in the Parliament time there to consult with his especial friends as Iohn Duke of Northfolke Richarde Earle of Salisburie and the Lorde Richarde his sonne whiche after was Earle of Warwike Thomas Courtney Earle of Deuonshire and Edward Brooke lord Cobham After long deliberation aduice takeÌ it was thought expediente to keepe their chiefe purpose secret and that the Duke should reyse an armye of meÌ vnder a protext to remoue diuers Counsellors about the King and to reuenge the manifest iniuries done to the common wealthe by y e same rulers of the which as principall the D. of Somerset was namely accused both for that he was greatly hated of the commons for y e losse of Normandie and for that it was wel knoweÌ that he would be altogither against the Duke of Yorke in his chalenge to bee made when tyme serued to the Crowne Therfore when the Duke of Yorke had thus by aduice of his speciall friends framed the foundation of his long intended enterprise VVhethâ⦠The Duke of Yorke raysed a great powâ⦠for recoueâ⦠of his right of the Crowne he assembled a greate host to the number of ten M. able men in y e marches of Wales publishing opeÌly that y e cause of this his gathering of people was for the publike wealth of the Realme The King hereof aduertised brought his army with all diligence vnto blacke heathe and there pight his tents VVhethaÌsted Whilest both these armies lay thus embatelled the King sente the Byshop of Winchester and Thomas Boucher Bishoppe of Elie Richard Wooduille Lord Riuers Richard Andrew the keeper of his priuie seale to the Duke both to know the cause of so great a comâ⦠also to make a concord if y e requests of the D. and his companye seemed consonant to reason The Duke hearing the message of the Byshops aunswered that his comming was neyther to damnifie the K. in honor nor person neither yet any good man but his intente was to remoue from him certaine euill disposed persons of his counsayle bloudsuccors of the nobilitie pollers of the Cleargie and oppressors of y e poore people amongst whome he chiefly named Edmond Duke of Somerset whome if the Kyng would commit to warde to aunswere suche articles as
to bee broughte vnto hym in hys secrete Chamber where Persall after hys masters recommendation shewed hym that hee hadde secretely sente hym to shewe hym that in thys newe worlde hee woulde take suche parte as hee woulde and wayte vppon hym with a thousande good fellowes if neede were The Messenger sent backe with thankes and some secrete instruction of the Protectors minde yet mette him agayne with farther message from the Duke hys master within few days after at Nottingham whither the Protector from Yorke with manye Gentlemen of the North Countrey to y e number of sixe hundred horses was come on his way to Londonwarde and after secret meeting and communication had eftsoone departed Wherevpon at Northampton the Duke met with the Protector hymselfe with three hundred Horses and from thence still continued with hym partner of all hys deuises till that after his Coronation they departed as it seemed very great frieÌds at Gloucester From whence assoone as the duke came home he so lightly turned from him and so highly conspired againste him that a manne woulde maruell whereof the change grew And surely the occasion of their varriance is of diuers men diuerslie reported Some haue I heard say that the Duke alittle before the Coronation among other things required of the Protector the Duke of Herefordes lands to the which hee pretended himselfe iust inheritor And forasmuch as the title whiche he claymed by inheritance was somewhat interlaced with y e title to the Crowne by the line of King Henrye before depriued the Protector conceyued such indignation that hee reiected the Dukes request with manye spitefull and minatorie wordes whiche so wounded hys heart with hatred and mistrust that he neuer after coulde endure to looke a righte on King Richard but euer feared his own life so farre forth that when the Protector rode through London towarde his Coronation hee fayned hymselfe sicke bycause he would not ride with hym And the other taking it in euill part sent hym worde to rise and come ride or he would make hym bee carried Wherevpon he rode on with euill wyll and that notwithstanding on the morrowe rose from the feast fayning hymselfe sicke and King Richard sayde it was done in hatred and despite of hym And they sayde that euer after continually eache of them liued in suche hatred and distrust of other that the Duke verily looked to haue bin murthered at Gloucester From whych naythelesse hee in faire manner departed But surely some right secrete at that days denie this and manye righte wise men thinke it vnlikely the deepe dissembling nature of those both men considered and what neede in that greene world the Protector had of the Duke and in what peril the Duke stoode if hee fell once in suspicion of the Tyrant y t eyther the Protector would giue the Duke occasion of displeasure or the Duke the Protector occasion of mistrust And verily men thinke that if King Richard had anye such opinion conceyued he would neuer haue suffered him to escape his hands Very truth it is ãâã was an high minded man and euill coâ⦠beare the glorie of an other so that I haue ãâã of some that say they saw it that the Duke at ãâã time as the Crowne was first set vpon the Protectors head his eye coulde not abyde the ãâã thereof but wried his head another way But men saye that he was of troth not well at ease and that both to King Richarde well knoâ⦠and not ill taken nor any demaund of the dukes vncurteously reiected but hee both was greate giftes and high behestes in most louing aââ¦ââ¦stie manner departed at Gloucester But ãâã after his comming home to Brecknocke hauing there in his custodie by the commaundement of King Richarde Doctor Morton Byshop of Elie who as ye before heard was taken in the Counsell at the Tower waxed with hâ⦠familiar whose wisedome abused hys pride so his owne deliuerance and the Dukes destraction The Byshop was a man of great naturall witte very well learned and honorable in behauiour lacking no wise wayes to winne fauour He had bin fast vpon the parte of King Henrye while that part was in wealth and naythelesse lefte it not nor forsooke it in woe but fledde the Realme with the Queene and the Prince while King Edwarde hadde the King in prison neuer came home but to the fielde After whiche loste and that part vtterly subdued the tother for hys fast fayth and wisedome not only was contente to receyue hym but also woed him to come and had him from thenceforth both in secrete trust and very speciall fauour whiche hee nothing deceyued For he being as ye haue heard after king Edwards death firste taken by the Titante for his troth to the King founde the meane to sette this Duke in hys toppe ioyned Gentlemen togither in aide of King Henry deuising firste the marriage betweene him and King Edwardes daughter by whiche his faith declared the good seruice to both his masters at once with infinite benefite to the Realme by the coniunction of those two blouds in one whose seueral titles had long enquieted the lande he fledde the Realme went to Rome neuer mynding more to meddle with the world till the noble Prince King Henry the seauenth gate him home againe made him Archbyshoppe of Caunterburie and Chancellor of England wherevnto the Pope ioyned the honor of Cardinall Thus lyuing many dayes in as much honor as one man mighte well wishe ended them so godly that his deathe with Gods mercie well changed his life This man therefore as I was about to tell you by the long and often alternate proofe 1484 An. reg 2. as well of prosperitie as aduers fortune hadde gotten by great experience the very mother and mistresse of wisedome a deepe insighte in politike worldly driftes Whereby perceyuing now this Duke glad to comune with him fedde him with faire words and many pleasaunt prayses And perceyuing by the processe of their communicacions the Dukes pride nowe and then balke out a little bredde of enuie towarde the glory of the King and thereby feeling him ethe to fall out if the matter were well handled he craftely sought the wayes to pricke him forwarde taking alwayes the occasion of his commyng and so keeping himselfe so close within his boundes that hee rather seemed to followe hym than to leade him For when the Duke firste beganne to prayse and boast the King and shew how much profite the Realme shoulde take by his raigne my Lorde Morton aunswered Surely my Lord follie were it for me to lie for if I woulde sweare the contrarie your Lordship woulde not I weene beleeue but that if the worlde woulde haue gone as I woulde haue wished Kyng Henries sonne had hadde the Crowne and not King Edward But after that God had ordered him to leese it and King Edwarde to raigne I was neuer so madde that I woulde with a dead man striue againste the quicke So was I to King Edward a
you wyl this day take to you your accustomed corage couragious spirites for the defence and safegard of vs al. And as for me I assure you this day I wil triumph by glorious victorie or suffer death for immortal fame For they be maymed oute of the palace of fame disgraded dying withoute renoune which do not asmuche preferre and exalte the perpetuall honour of theyr natiue countrey as their owne mortall and transitorie lyfe Now sent George to borow let vs set forwarde and remember well that I am hee whiche shall with high aduancementes rewarde and preferre the valiaunt and hardy champions and punishe and torment the shamefull cowards and dreadfull dastardes This exhortation encouraged all such as fauoured him but suche as were presence more for dread than loue kissed them openly whome they inwardlye hated other sware outwardly to take part with such whose death they secretely compassed and inwardly imagined other promised to inuade the Kinges enimies whiche fledde and fought with fierce courage against the King other stande still and looked on inteÌding to take part with the victors and ouercommers So was his people to him vnsure and vnfaithful at his end as he was to his nephewes vntrue and vnnaturall in his beginning When the Earle of Richmond knew by hys forriders that the King was so neere embattayled he rode about his army from ranke to ranke from wing to wing giuing comfortable words to all men and that finished being armed at all peeces sauing his helmette mounted on a little hill so that all his people mighte see and beholde him perfectly to their greate reioycing For hee was a maÌ of no great stature but so formed and decorated with all giftes and liniaments of nature that he seemed more an Angelicall creature than a terrestriall personage his countenaunce and aspect was cheerefull and couragious hys heare yellow like the burnished golde hys eyes gray shining and quicke prompte and ready in aunswering but of suche sobrietie that it coulde neuer be iudged whither he were more dull than quicke in speaking such was his temperaunce And when he had ouerlooked his army ouer euery side he pawsed awhile and after with a lowde voyce and bolde spirit spake to his companyons these or like words following The Oration ãâã King Henâ⦠the seueÌth If euer God gaue victorie to men fighting in a iust quarrell or if he euer aided suche as made warre for the wealth and tuition of theyr owne naturall and nutritiue Countrey or if hee euer succoured them whiche aduentured their lyues for the reliefe of innocentes suppressing of malefactors and apparante offendors no doubte my fellowes and friendes but hee of his bountifull goodnesse will this day send vs triumphant victorie and a luckie iourney ouer our proude enemies and arrogant aduersaries for if you remeÌber and consider the very cause of our iust quarrell you shall apparantly perceyue the same to be true godly and vertuous In the whiche I doubt not but God will rather ayde vs yea and fight for vs than see vs vanquished and ouerthroweÌ by such as neither fear him nor his laws nor yet regard iustice or honestie Our cause is so iust that no enterprise can be of more vertue both by the lawes diuine and ciuill for what can be a more honest goodly or godly quarrell than to fight against a Captaine being an homicyde and murtherer of his owne bloud or progenie an extreame destroyer of his nobilitie and to hys and our Countrey and the poore subiectes of the same a deadly malle a fyrie brand and a burthen vntollerable the besyde him consider who bee of hys band and company such as by murther and vntrueth committed against their owne kinne and linage yea against their Prince and soueraigne Lord haue disherited mee and you and wrongfully deteyne and vsurp our lawfull patrimonie and lyneall inheritance For he that calleth hym selfe King keepeth from me the Crowne and regimente of this noble Realme and Countrey contrarie to all iustice and equitie Likewise hys mates and friendes occupie youre landes cutte downe your woods and destroy your manours letting your wiues and children raunge abroade for theyr liuing which persons for their penance and punishmente I doubt not but God of hys goodnesse will eyther deliuer into our hands as a greate gaine and booty or cause them beeyng greeued and compuncted with the pricke of theyr corrupt consciences cowardly to flie and not abide the battaile beside this I assure you that there be yonder in the great battaile men brought thither for feare and not for loue souldyers by force compelled and not with good will assembled persons which desire rather the destruction than saluation of theyr maister and Captayne And finally a multitude whereof y e most part will be our friends and the least part our enimies For truely I doubt which is greater the malice of the Soldyers toward theyr Captaine or the feare of him conceyued of his people for surely this rule is infallible that as ill men daylye couet to destroy the good so God appointeth the good men to confound the ill and of all worldly goodes the greatest is to suppresse Tyrants and relieue innocents whereof the one is as much hated as the other is beloued If thys be true as Clearkes Preache who will spare yonder Tyrant Richarde Duke of Gloucester vntruely calling himselfe King considering that hee hath violated and broken both the lawe of God and man what vertue is in him whyche was the confusion of his brother and murtherer of his nephewes what mercy is in him that ââ¦eââ¦eth his trustie friends as well as his extreame enimies Who can haue confidence in hym whââ¦che putteth diffidence in all menne If you ââ¦e not red I haue heard of Clearkes say y t Tarquine the proude for the vice of the body lost the Kingdome of Rome and the name of Tarquine banished the Citie for euer yet was not hys faulte so detestable as the facte of cruell Nero whiche slewe his owne mother and opened hyr entrayles to beholde the place of his conception Behold yoÌder Richard which is both Tarquine and Nero Yea a Tyrant more than Nero for he hath not only murthered his nephewe beeyng his King and soueraigne Lorde bastarded hys noble breethren and defamed the wombe of hys vertuous and womanly mother but also compassed all the meanes and wayes that he coulde inuent howe to defile and carnally knowe hys owne neece vnder the pretence of a cloked matrimonie whiche Lady I haue sworne and promised to take to my make and wife as you all knowe and beleeue If this cause be not iust and this quarrell godly let God the giuer of victory iudge and determine We haue thankes bee gyuen to Christ escaped the secret treasons in Britaine and auoyded the subtill snares of our fraudulent enimies there passed the troublous Seas in good and quiet safegard and without resistaÌce haue penetrate the ample region and large couÌtrey of Wales and are now come to
the Turke By this meanes the Pope got a great masse of money and yet nothing done agaynste the Turke which in the meane season did much hurt to the Christians but God amende all that is amisse About this time died three Bishops in England Iohn Morton Archbishop of Canterburye Thomas Langton Bisshop of Wynchester and Thomas Rotheram Archbishop of Yorke After him succeeded Thomas Sauage Bishop of LoÌdon a man of great honour and worthinesse in whose place succeeded William Warham of whoÌ before is made mention And Henry Deane Bishop of Salisburie was made Archbishop of Canterburie and Richarde Foxe was remoued from Durham to the sea of Winchester Also this yeare two notable mariages were concluded but not consummate till afterwards as you shall heare in place conuenient For king Henrie graunted his daughter Ladie Margaret to Iames the fourth king of Scottes 1301 ãâ¦ã to ââ¦d Spaine And ãâã to Arâ⦠Prince ââ¦es And Ferdinando king of Spaine gaue his daughter Ladie Katherine to Arthure Prince of Wales son and heyre apparaunt to the king of England Among other articles of the maryage concluded with the Scottish king this was one that no English men shoulde be receyued into ScotlaÌd without letters coÌmendatorie of their soueraigne Lord or safeconduct of his Wardaine of the Marches and the same prohibition was in like maner giuen to the Scottes This yeare the Ladie Katherine of Spaine was sent by hir father King Ferdinando with a puissant nauie of shippes into Englande An. reg 17. The fourth of October as Stow hath noted where she arriued in the HaueÌ of Plimmouth the second day of October then being Saterday Vpon the .xij. of Nouember she was conueyed from Lambeth through London with all tryumph and honour that myght be deuised to the Bishops Palaice the streetes beeing hanged and Pageants erected after the maner as is vsed at a coronation Whilest this Ladie soiourned for hir recreation in the Bishops Palaice of London being in the meane time visited of the king the Queene and the kings mother there was erected in the bodie of S. Pauls Church a long bridge made of Tymber extending from the West doore of the Churche to the steppe at the entring into the Queere which was sixe foote from the grounde On the sayd bridge or stage euen directly before the coÌsistorie of the church was a place raised like a Mount for eight persons to stand vpon coÌpassed round about with steps to ascend and descend which was couered with fine red worsted and in like wise were all the rayles of the sayd stage On the north side of this mount was a place decked trymmed for the King and Queene and such other as they appoynted to haue On the South-side the same Mounte stoode the Maior and the Magistrates of the Citie When all things were prepared and set in order vpon the .xiiij. of Nouember then being Sunday the foresayde Ladie was ledde to the sayde Mounte The solemnization of the mariage betwene Arthur prince of Wales Katherin daughter to the king of Spaine and there Prince Arthur openly espoused hir both being clad in White both lustie and amorous he of the age of fiftene and more and she of the age of .xviij. or thereaboutes the King and Queene standing priuilye on theyr stage After the matrimonie celebrate the prince and his wife went vp into the Quere and there heard a solemne Masse sung by the Archbishop of Canterbury associate with .xix. Prelates mytred And after the Masse finished the Bryde was ledde homewardes to the Bishoppes Palayce by the Duke of Yorke being then a goodly yong prince and the Legate of Spaine Next after followed the Ladie Cicile sister to the Queene supporting the trayne of the spouse But to speake of all the solemne pompe noble companie of Lordes and Ladies and what a sumptuous feast and plentifull was kept with dauncing and disguisings woordes myght sooner fayle than matter worthye of rehearsall But euery day endeth and nyght ensueth and so when nyght was come the Prince and his beautifull Bride were brought and ioyned togyther in one bedde where they lay as man and wife all that night During the time of these iustes and triumphs were receyued into London an erle a bishop and diuerse noble personages sente from the king of Scots into England for conclusion of the mariage betwene the Lady Margaret and him which Erle by proxie in the name of king Iames hys maister Margaret eldest daughter to king Henry affied to Iames king of Scots 1502 affyed and contracted the sayde Ladie Which affiance was published at Paules crosse the day of the conuersion of Saint Paule in reioycing whereof Te Deum was soong and great fiers made through the Citie of London These things being accomplished the Ambassadours as well as Spaine as Scotland tooke their leaue of the King and not without great rewardes returned into their countreys When the Ambassadours were departed he sent his son Prince Arthur again into Wales to keepe that Country in good order appoynting to him wise and expert Counsaylers as sir Rycharde Poole his kinsman which was his chiefe Chamberlayne also sir Henrie Vernon sir Rycharde Croftes sir Dauid Philip sir William Vdall sir Thomas Englefield sir Peter Newton knightes Iohn Walleston Henry Marion and Doctor William Smith president of his counsaile and doctor Charles of the which two doctors the one was after Bishop of Lincolne and the other Bishop of Hereford A few monethes before the maryage of prince Arthur Edmonde de la Poole Earle of Suffolke sonne to Iohn Duke of Suffolke and Ladie Elizabeth sister to king Edward the fourth beeing balde and cashe withall was indyted of murther for sleaing of a meane person in his rage and furie and although the king pardoned him whom hee might iustly haue put to death for that offence yet bycause he was brought to the barre afore the kings Bench Edmonde Erle of Sâ⦠flieth into flaunders and arraigned which fact he tooke as a greate maime and blemishe to hys honour shortly after vpon that displeasure hee fledde into Flaunders vnto his Aunte the Ladie Margaret the king not being priuie to his going ouer Neuerthelesse whether he was perswaded by his friends therevnto whom the king hadde wylled to deale with hym therein or whether vpon trust of his innocencie true it is that he returned againe and excused himselfe to the king so that he thought hym to be guiltlesse of anye cryme that myght bee obiected agaynst him But when the maryage betwixt the prince and the Ladie Katherin of Spaine was kept at London this Erle eyther for that he had passed hys compasse in excessiue charges and sumptuousnesse at that great tryumph and solemnitie and by reason thereof was farre run into debt eyther else through the procurement of his aunt the foresayd Lady Margaret or pricked with some priuie enuie which could not paciently with open eyes behold king Henry being of the aduerse faction to
y e one at the white Friers and the other at the blacke Friers The Kyng beeyng in hys lustie youthe and muche desirous to see the nobles and Gentlemen of hys Courte exercised in warlyke feates caused thys yeare dyuers iustes and Torneys to be enterprised and he himselfe for the most part made euer one amongst them acquiting himselfe so worthely that the beholders tooke passing pleasure to see hys valiaunte demeanoure in those martiall feates Vpon New yeares day thys yeare 1511 The birth of the first begotten sonne of K. Henry the eyght at Richmonde the Queene was deliuered of a Prince to the great gladnesse of the Realme for the honoure of whome fyers were made and dyuers vessels with wyne sette abroache for suche as woulde take thereof in dyuers streetes in London and generall Processions made therevpon to lande God Godfathers at the Christenyng were the Archebyshoppe of Caunterburye and the Earle of Surrey Godmother the Lady Katherine Countesse of Deuonshire daughter to Kyng Edwarde the fourth his name was Henry In the moneth of Februarye thys yeare Ambassadors from the king of Spayne for aid against the Moores came Ambassadors from the Kyng of Arragon and Castile to require an ayde of fifteene hundred archers to be sent to the same king hauing at that time warre agaynste the Moores enimies of the Christian faith The Kyng hearing theyr message gently graunted theyr request and bicause the Lord Thomas Darcy a Knighte of the garter made humble suite to the King to be generall of that true that shoulde bee thus sent into Spayne the Kyng vppon trust of his approued valiancie graunted his desire There were appoynted to goe with him the Lorde Anthony Grey brother to the Marques Dorset Henry Guilford Weston Browne and William Sidney Esquiers of the Kings house Sir Roberte Constable Sir Roger Hastings and sir Raufe Elderton w t diuers other gentlemen to be Captaynes The King aboute thys season was muche giuen to play at tenice and at the dice which appetite certayne craftie persons aboute hym perceyuing brought in Frenchmen and Lombards to make wagers with him and so hee lost muche money but when hee perceyued theyr crafte hee eschued their company and let them goâ⦠An. reg 3. ãâã at Greneâ⦠the king ââ¦g ââ¦e ââ¦geâ⦠On May daye the Kyng lying at Greenewiche rode to the wodde to fetch May and after on the same day and the two dayes nexte ensuing the King Sir Edwarde Howard Charles Brandon and Edwarde Neuill as chalengers held iustes against all commons On the other parte the Marques Dorset the Earles of Essex and Deuonshire with other as defendauntes ranne agaynste them so that many a sore stripe was giuen and manye a staffe broken On the third day the Queene made a greate banquet to the Kyng and to all them that had iusted and after the banquet done shee gaue the chiefe price to the Kyng the second to the Earle of Essex the thirde to the Earle of Deuonshire and the fourth to the Lord Marques Dorset On the fifteenth daye of the same moneth was another iustes begonne by the Kyng on the one partie and the Earle of Esser on the other Many that feared least some euill chance might happen to the King wished that hee shoulde rather haue beene a looker on than a doer and thereof spake as much as they durst but his courage was so noble that hee woulde euer be at the one ende The Lorde ââ¦y In this meane time the Lord Darcy and other appoynted to the viage agaynst the Mores made suche diligence that they and al theyr people were ready at Plymmouth by the middes of May and there mustered theyr souldyers before the Lord Brooke and other the Kings commissioners The Lord Darcy as Captayne general ordeyned for his prouost Marshall Henry Guylford Esquier a lusty yong man and welbeloued of the King On the Monday in the Rogation weeke they departed out of Plimmouth Hauen with foure shippes royall and the winde was so fauourable to them that the first day of Iune being the euen of the feast of Pentââ¦cost he deriued at the port of Cales in South Spayne and immediately by the aduice of his counsaile hee dispatched messengers to the Kyng whome they founde besyde the Citie of Ciuil where hee then lay and declared to him how the Lord Daââ¦ye by the King theyr maisters oppoyntmente was come thither with sixteene hundred archers and lay still at Cââ¦es to know his pleasure The Kyng of Castile aunswered them gentlie that the Lorde Darcie and all other that were come from hys louyng sonne were welcome and hartily thanked them of theyr paâ⦠requiring the messengers to returne to their captaine and tell him that in all hast he would send certaine of hys counsell to him And so vpon Saterday the eyght of Iune a Byshop and other of the Kings counsell came ãâã Cales and there abode till Wednesday beeing the euen of Corpus Christt at which day the Lord Capitayne tooke lande and was honorably receiued of the King of Aragons counsell and on the morrow was highly feasted at dinner and supper And at after sapper the Byshop declared the Kyng hys maisters pleasure giuing to the Lord Captayne as hartie thankes for hys paynes and trauell as if hee hadde gone forward with his enterprise against the Moores but whereas by the aduice of his counsell circumspeltly considering the suretie of his owne realme vpon perfect knowledge hadde that the Frenchmen meant to inuade hys dominions in his absence he had altered his former determinatioÌ taken an abstinence of war with the Mores till an other time He therefore required the Lorde Darcy to be contented to returne home againe promising him wages for all hys souldyers and if it should please hym to come to the Court he should receyue high thâ⦠of the Kyng and suche cheere at there couldâ⦠made him The Lord Darcy was nothing pleased wyth thys declaration but sith hee sawe there was no remedie he sayd that whatsoeuer the Kyng had concluded he could not bee againste it considering hee was sente to him but surely it was against his mind to depart home without doing any thyng agaynst Gods enimies with whome he had euer a desire to fight And as for his comming to the Court hee saide he coulde not leaue his men whome hee hadde broughte out of theyr Countrey without an head and as for y e kings banquette it was not the thing that hee desired On the nexte daye ãâã the morning money was sent to pay the Souldiers their wages for their conduction againe into England with dyuers gifts giuen to the Lorde Darcy and other Gentlemen yet notwithstanding he was hyghly displeased howbeit like a wise man hee dissimuled the matter A shrewde fray begun vpon a small sioccaon The same day being the fourtenth daye of Iune and Friday there chanced a fray to be begunne in the towne of Cales betwixt the Englishmen and them of the towne
both the Princes ââ¦age ââ¦ed And moreouer bycause they vnderstood that the marriage was broken betweene the Prince of Castile and the Lady Mary they desired y t the said Lady might be ioyned in mariage with y e french K. offering a great dower and sureties for y e same So muche was offered that the K. moued by his counsayle namely by the Bishop of Lincolne Wolsey consented vpon condition that if the French K. dyed then she should if it stood with hir pleasure returne into England againe with al hir dower riches ãâã conââ¦eâ⦠After that they were accorded vppon a ful peace that the french K. should marrie thys yong Lady the indentures were drawen engrossed and sealed peace therevpon proclaimed the seuenth day of August the K. in presence of the french Ambassadors was sworne to keepe y e same likewise there was an Ambassade sente out of England to see the french King sweare y e same ãâã The dower that was assigned vnto the bride to be receiued after hir husbands deceasse if she suruiued him was named to be .32 crownes of yeerely reuennes to be receiued out of certain lands assigned forth therefore during all hir naturall life And moreouer it was further agreed and couenanted that the frenche K. should content pay yerely vnto K. Henry during y e space of fiue yeres the summe of one hundred thousand crownes By conclusion of this peace The Ladie Mary affyed to K. Lewes of Fraunce was the D. of Longuile with the other prisoners delyuered paying their raunsoms and the said D. affyed the Lady Mary in the name of his maister K. Lewes In September following the sayde Lady was conueyd to Douer by the K. hir brother and the Queene and on the seconde day of October she was shipped and suche as were appointed to giue their attendance on hir as the Duke of Norffolke the Marques Dorset the Bishop of Durham the Earle of Surrey the L. de la Ware the L. Berners the Lord Montaigle the four breethren of the said Marques sir Maurice Barkeley sir Iohn Peche sir William Sandes sir Tho. Bulleyne sir Iohn Car and many other knightes Esquiers Gentlemen and Ladyes They had not sailed past a quarter of the Sea but that the wind arose and seuered the shippes driuing some of them to Calais some into Flanders and hir shippe with great difficultie was brought to Bulleyne not without great ieoperdie at the entring of the hauen for the master ranne the ship hard on shore but the boates wer ready receiued y e Lady out of the ship sir Christopher Garnish stood in the water and toke hir in his armes so caried hir to land wher the D. of Vandosme a Cardinall with many other great estates receiued hir with great honor The mariage solemnized betwene the French king and the Lady Mary sister to King Henrye From Bullein with easie iourneys she was coÌueid vnto Abuile and there entred the eyghth of October and the morrow following being MoÌday and S. Denise daye the mariage was solemnised betwixte the French King the sayde Lady with all honour ioy and royaltie When the feast was ended the English lords returned with great rewards back into EnglaÌd Before their departure from Abuile the Dolphin of France Francis Duke of Valoys caused a solemne Iustes to be proclaymed Solemne iustes proclaymed at Paris whyche should be kept at Paris in the moneth of NoueÌber next ensuing the said Dolphin with his nine aydes to aunswere all commers being Gentlemen of name and armes When this Proclamation was reported in England by the noble men that returned from the marriage the D. of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and his four breethren the Lord ClintoÌ Sir Edwarde Neuill Sir Giles Capell Tho. Cheinie and other got licence of the K. to goe ouer to this chalenge and therevpon preparyng themselues for the purpose departed towarde Fraunce and did so much by iourney that they came to Paris about the later ende of October and were hartily welcome to the King Dolphin but most of al to the french Queene which then lay at S. Denise and was not yet crowned nor entred into Paris The Dolphin desired the Duke of Suffolke and the Lord Marques Dorset to be two of his immediate aydes which thereto gladly assented In the meane time whilest all thyngs were a preparing for the Iustes the fifth of Nouember The Coronation of the french Quene being Sonday the Queene was Crowned with greate solemnitie in the Monasterie of S. Denise And on the morrow following the sayde Q. was receyued into the Citie of Paris with all honour that might be deuised On y e seuenth day of October being Tewsday began the Iustes which coÌtinued the space of three dayes in the whiche were aunswered three hundred and fiue men of armes and euery man ranne fyue courses with sharp speares The Englishe Lordes and Knightes did as well as the best not only in the iustes but also at the iourney and barriers namely the Duke of Suffolke the Marques Dorset and his brother that worthy yong Gentleman the Lorde Edward Gray When all the greate triumph was done the Lordes of England tooke theyr leaue and were highly thanked of the king the Queene y e Dolphin and all the Lordes and so departed and came into England before Christmas In this meane time that is to saye in Nouember the Queene of Englande was deliuered of a Prince whych lyued not long after Richard Hun hanged in Lollards tower In December one Rychard Hun a merchaÌt Taylor of London that was layd in Lollardes Tower by commaundemente of the Byshop of London called Richarde Fitz Iames and hys Chancellor Doctor Horsey was founde dead hanging by the necke in a girdle of silke within the said Tower That ye may vnderstande the cause of his emprisonmente the beginning was this The same Hun had a child that dyed in his house being an infant the curate claymed y e bearing sheete for a mortuarie Hun aunswered y t the infant had no propertie in the sheete Whervpon the priest ascited him in the spiritual court He taking to him counsaile sued the Curate in a premunire and when this was knowen meanes was found that Hun beeing accused of Heresie was attached laid in Lollards tower wher he was founde dead as ye haue heard Muche adoe was made about his death for the Byshop the Chancellor said that he hanged himself but many of the temporalty affirmed that he was murthered greatly lamenting y e case for he was wel beloued namely of y e pore whiche cryed out against theÌ that were suspected to haue made him away He was a good almes man and greately relieued the needy The questioÌ of his death was so farre put forth that vpoÌ the suspitioÌ he should be murthered twelue men were charged before y e coroner After they had taken view of the body y e same was
like as diuerse of the French Nobilitie had visited the King of Englande whylest hee lay in Calays so lykewise nowe the Lorde Cardinall as Ambassadour to the King roade wyth a noble repayre of Lordes Gentlemen and Prelates to the towne of Arde where hee was of the French king highly enterteyned with great thankes for that by his meanes hee had ioyned in friendship wyth the King of England to his high contentation and pleasure as hauing obteyned the thing which he had long desired The greate pompe of Cardinal Wolsey The noble port sumptuous shew and great trayne of Gentlemen Knightes Lordes and number of seruaunts in riche apparell and suyte of leuereys attendant on the Cardinall made the Frenchmen greatly to wonder at his triumphant doings The king of Englande had giuen vnto the sayde Cardinall full authoritie power and libertie to affirme and confirme binde and vnbind whatsoeuer shoulde be in question betweene him and the Frenche king and the lyke authoritie power Great credite committed to the Cardinall by both the kings and libertie did the French king by hys sufficient letters patent graunt to the same Cardinall which was reputed to be a signe of great loue that he shoulde commit so greate a trust to the king of Englands subiect The day of meeting was appoynted to bee on the Thursday the seuenth of Iune The enterview of the two kings in the vale of Andren on whiche day the two kings met in the vale of Andren accompanied with suche a number of the Nobilitie of both the Realmes so richely appoynted in apparayle and costlye Iewelles as Chaynes Collors of SS and other the lyke ornamentes to set foorth theyr degrees and estates that a woonder it was to beholde and viewe them in theyr order and rowmethes which euerie man kept according to his appoyntment The two Kinges meeting in the fielde eyther saluted other in moste louing wyse first on horsebacke and after alyghting on foote eftsoones embraced with courteous wordes to the greate reioysing of the beholders and after they had thus saluted eche other they went bothe togither into a riche Tente of clothe of golde there set vp for the purpose in the whiche they passed the tyme in pleasaunt talke banquetting and louyng deuises till it drewe towarde the Euening and then departed for that nyght the one to Guisnes and the other to Arde. Saterday the ninth of Iune Hall in a place within the English Pale were set vp in a fielde called the Campe two trees of muche honour The descripâ⦠of the two ââ¦tificiall treeâ⦠figuring Hâ⦠and Frances the one called the Aubespine that is to say the Hauthorne in Englishe for Henrie and the other the Framboââ¦ster whiche in Englishe signifieth the Raspis berie after the signification in French These trees were curiously wrought the leaues of greene Damaske the braunches boughes and wythered leaues of cloth of golde and all the bodyes and armes of the same clothe of golde layde on tymber they were in heigth from the foote to the toppe .xxxiiij. foote of assise in compasse about an C. twentie and nine foote and from bough to bough .xliij. foote on these trees were flowers and fruites in kyndly wyse with siluer and Venise golde their beautie shewed farre The same daye the two kings came to those trees of honour nobly accompanied in such royal sort as was requisite The Campe was in leÌgth nine hundred foote and in bredth three C. and xx foot ditched rounde about sauing at the entries with brode and deepe ditches Diuerse skaffoldes were reared about this campe for the ease of the Nobles On the right side of the field stood the Queene of England the Queene of France with many Ladies The campe was strongly rayled and barred on euerie end in the entrie there were two lodgings prepared for the two kings wherin they might arme themselues and take their ease Also in the same coÌpasse there were two great sellers couched full of wine which was liberally bestowed to all men The two kings as brethren in armes vndertooke to deliuer all persons at iustes tourney and barriers and with them were associate by the order of armes the duke of Vandosme the duke of Suffolke the Counte S. Paule the Marques Dorcet M. de Roche sir WilliaÌ Kingston ⪠M. Brian sir Richard Iarningham M. Canaan sir Giles Capell M. Bukkal maister Nicholas Carew M. Montaslion ma. Antony Kneuet Mondaye the eleuenth of Iune the two Queenes of Englande and of Fraunce The two Queenes ãâã at the caâ⦠came to the Campe where eyther saluted other righte honourably and went into a stage for them prepared At the houre assigned the two kings armed at all peeces mounted on horsebacke and with their companyes entred the fielde presented themselues to the Quenes and after reuerence done toke their places abiding the answeres whiche were deliuered in order as they came in most knightly wise to the great contentation and pleasure of all the beholders Those iustes and martiall feates lasted till Fryday the .xv. of Iune and on the Saterdaye being the .xvj. of the same moneth the Frenche King with a small number came to the castell of Guisnes aboute the houre of eyght in the morning ââ¦e French ãâã commeth ââ¦es ââ¦e the king ãâã land goâ⦠Arde. The king hauing thereof knowledge as then being in his priuie chamber with all hast in gladsome wise went to receyue him And after he had welcomed him in most louing maner he departed and road to Arde leauing the Frenche king still at Guisnes and so comming to Arde was ioyfully receyued of the French Queene and other nobles of the realme of Fraunce with al honour that might be deuised And thus were these two kings the one at Guisnes and the other at Arde highly enterteined feasted and banquetted in such royall and princely sort that wonder it is to beare and more meruaile to consider of the great plentie of fiue and delicate viandes the huge ryches of siluer and golde in plate and vessell and all other furniture of inestimable value there present and set forth that day as well in the one place as in the other Towarde the Euening at time conuenient they tooke their leaues and returned the Frenche King to Arde and the King of Englande to Guisnes Monday the .xviij. of Iune was such an hideous storme of winde and weather that manye coniectured it did prognosticate trouble and hatred shortly after to follow betweene princes Tuesday the .xix. of Iune the two kings came to the campe againe armed at all peeces and there abode them that woulde come so that then began the iustes a fresh On Wednesday the .xx. of Iune the two kings began to holde tourneys with all the perteyners of theyr chalenge armed at all peeces The Queene of Fraunce and the Queene of Englande were in the places for them prepared and there was many a goodly battayle perfoââ¦med the Kings doing as well as the best so
bloud to succeed to the Crowne After this the saide D. on the sixtenth daye of Aprill in the said sixth yeare of the kings raigne went in person vnto the priorie of Henton and there had conference with the foresaide Monke Nicholas Hopkins who tolde him that he shuld be K. wherevnto the D. saide that if it so chanced he would shew himselfe a iust and righteous prince The Monke also tolde the Duke that he knew this by reuelation and willed hym in anye wise to procure the loue of the commoÌs the better to atteine his purposed intention The Duke the same time gaue and promised to giue yerely vnto the said priorie sixe pound therwith to buy a tun of wine And further hee promised to giue vnto the same Priorie in ready money twentie pound whereof ten pounde he gaue in hand towards the conueying of water vnto the house by a conduit And to y e said Monke Nicholas Hopkins he gaue at that presente in reward three lb and at another time fortie shillings at an other time a marke and at an other time sixe shillings eight pence After this y e twentith day of March in the tenth yere of the Kings raigne he came to the same Priorie and eftsoones had conference with the said Monke to be more fully informed by him in the matters aboue specified at what time the Monke also told him that he should be King and the D. in talke tolde the Monke that he hadde done very well to binde his Chaplayne Iohn de la Court vnder the seale of confession to keepe secret such matter for if the king should come to the knowledge thereof it would be hys destruction Likewise the twentith daye of October in the seueÌth yeare of the kings raigne and at diuers other times as well before as after the said D. had sent his Chancellor Robert Gilbert Chaplaine vnto London there to buy certayne clothes of golde siluer and veluets euery tyme so much as amounted to the world of three C. lb to the intent that the said D. might bestow y e same as wel vpon knightes esquiers GentlemeÌ of the kings house and yeomen of his gard as vpon other the kings subiects to winne theyr fauours and friendshippes to assist him in his euill purpose which clothes the said Gilbert did buy brought the same vnto the said D. who y e twentith day of Ianuary in the said seuenth yere and diuers other dayes and yeares before and after did distribute giue the same vnto certayne of y e kings subiects for the purpose afore recited as by the inditemeÌt it was inferred Furthermore the said duke the tenth of Iuly in y e tenth yere of the kings raigne diuers other dayes and times as wel before as after did constitute more seuerall perticuler officers in his Castels honors lordships lands than he was accustomed to haue to the ende they might be assistant to him vnder coulour of such offices to breng his euill purpose to passe Moreouer the same D. sent to the K. the tenth of May in the tenth yere of his raigne for licence to receiue any of the kings subiects whom it should please him dwelling within the shires of Hereford Gloucester and Somersetshire and also than he might at his pleasure conuey diuers armures and habiliments for war into Wales to the inteÌt to vse the same against the K. as the enditemente imported for the accomplishing of his naughtie purpose whiche was to destroy the K. and to vsurp the royal gouernement and power to himselfe whiche sute for licence to haue reteiners to conuey suche armours and habiliments of war the said Gilbert the twentith day of May in the saide ninth yere and diuers other days before and after at LoÌdon East Greenewich did followe labouring earnestly both to y e K. and counsaile for obteining y e same And the twentith day of Iuly in the said ninth yeare the said D. sent the said Gilbert vnto Henton aforesaid to vnderstaÌd of the foresaid Monke Nicholas Hopkins what he heard of him and y e MoÌke sent him word ãâã Earle proââ¦fying Monke that before Christmas next there shoulde bee a change and that the Duke shoulde haue the rule and gouernement of all England And moreouer the twentith of February in the eleuenth yere of the kings raigne at Blechinglee in the countie of Surrey the said Duke said vnto the said Robert Gilbert his Chancellor that he did expect and tarrie for a time more conuenient to atchieue his purpose and that it myghte easily be done if the nobles of this Realm would declare their mindes togither but some of them mistrusted and feared to shew their minds togither and that marred all He said further y e same time vnto the said Gilbert that what soeuer was done by the kings father was done by wrong stil the D. murmured against all that the Kyng then presently reigning did And further he said that he knew himselfe to be so wicked a sinner y t he wanted Gods fauour and therefore he knew that whatsoeuer he tooke in hand against the K. had the worse successe And furthermore y t sayd D. to alienate the minds of the kings subiects from their dutiful obeisance towards the said K. and his heires the tweÌtith day of September in the first yere of his raigne being then at LondoÌ reported vnto y e said Robert Gilbert that he had a certaine writing sealed with the Kings greate seale comprehending a certaine acte of Parliament in the which it was enacted that the D. of Somerset one of the kings progenitors was made legitimate and further that the said Duke meante to haue deliuered the same writing vnto K. Henry the seuenth but said he I woulde not that I had so done for ten thousand pound And furthermore the same D. the fourth day of Nouember in the eleuenth yere of the kings raigne at East Grenewich in y e countie of Kent sayde vnto one Charles Kniuet Esquier after that the K. had reproued the D. for reteining Wil. Bulmer Knighte into his seruice that if hee hadde perceiued that hee should haue bin committed to the tower as he doubted he should haue bin hee would haue so wrought that the principal doers therein should not haue had cause of great reioicing for he would haue plaid the part which hys father intended to haue put in practise againste K. Richarde the thirde at Salisburie who made earnest sute to haue come vnto the presence of the same K. Richard whiche suite if hee might haue obteined he hauing a knife secretely about hym would haue thrust it into the body of K. Richard as hee had made semblance to kneele downe before him and in speaking these words he maliciously laid his hand vpon his dagger and sayde that if he were so euil vsed hee would do his best to accomplish his pretensed purpose swearing to confirme his worde by the bloud of our Lorde And beside all this the same D.
seat were the captains of the gards the prouost of y e houshold before the K. kneled y e Vshers of the chaÌber vpon y e one knee at the foot of the step y e wentvp to the kings seat were the prouosts of the merchaÌts Escheuins of the town of Paris Beneath in the hall the gates wherof were stil open ther was an infinit nuÌber of people of al natioÌs in presence of them al y e K. made this declaratioÌ The cause wherfore I haue made this asseÌbly is for y e the emperor elect hath sent to me an herault of armes who as I coÌiecture as the same herault hath said as his safeconduit importeth hath brought me letters patents autentike coÌcerning y e suertie of the field for the combat y t shuld be betwixt the said elected Emperor and me And forasmuche as the said Herauld vnder color to bring the suretie of y e field may vse certain fictions dissimulatioÌs or hipoccrisies to shift off y e matter wher as I desire expeditioÌ to haue it dispatched out of hand so y t by the same an end of the warres which haue so loÌg coÌtinued may be had to y e ease coÌfort of all Christendom to auoyd the effusion of bloud other mischieues which come thereof I haue wished it knowne to al Christendom to the end y t euery one may vnderstand the truth from whence procedeth y e mischief the long continuance therof I haue also caused this asseÌblie to be made to shewe y t I haue not w tout great cause enterprised suche an act for the right is on my side if I should otherwise haue don mine honor had beÌ greatly blemished A thing which my lords y t ar of my bloud other my subiects wold haue takeÌ in euil part And knowing y e cause of y e coÌbat and my right they will beare w t it as good loyall subiects ought to do trusting by Gods helpe to proceed in such sort therin y t it shal plainly appere if y e right be on my side or not and how against truth I haue bin accused for a breaker of my faith which I wold be loth to do nor at any time haue ment so to do The kings my predecessors ancestors whose pictures ar engraueÌ set here in order w t in this hall which in their days haue successiuely atchieued glorious acts greatly augmented y e realm of France wold think me vnworthy not capable to be their successor if against myne honor I shuld suffer my self to be charged w t such a note by y e emperor shuld not defeÌd my person honor in y e maner and form acustomed And herwith he declared the whole case as it stode first how being taken at Paris by fortune of warre he neuer gaue his faith to any of his enimies consenting to be led into Spayne caused his owne galeys to be made redie to conuey him thither where at his arriual he was comitted to ward ãâã castell of Madrill garden w t a great nuÌber of hauing busiers and others which vncurteous dealing found in the emperor so muche greued him y t he fel sick lay in danger of death Vââ¦oÌ the Emperor coÌming to visite him after his recouerie of helth an ward was made betwixt w t deputies of the Emperor the ambassadors of the Lady his mother then regent of France which accord was so vnreason able that no prince being in libertie wold haue consented that to dor for his deliuerate haue promised so great ãâã some Which treatie yee they constrained here as he said to sweat to perform being prisoner against y e protestation whiche heauens times had made yea as yet being sicke in danger of recidination so consequently of death After this he was coÌueyd foorth on his iorney homewards stil garded not set at libertie it was told him y e after he came into FraÌce it was coÌuenient y t he should giue his faith for y t it was known wel enough y t what he did or promised in Spain it nothing auailed and further he remembred not y t the Emperor had tolde him at any time y t if he performed not the contents of the treatie he wold hold him for a breker of his faith though he had he was not in his libertie to make any answer Two things therfore said he in this case ar to be coÌsidered one y t the treatie was violeÌtly wroong out froÌ them y t coulde not bind his person and y t which as to y e residue had bin accoÌplished by his mother deliuering his sons in hostage The other thing was his preteÌded faith on whiche they can make no grouÌd sith he was not set at libertie And hereto he shewed many reasons to proue y t his enimies could not pretende in right y t they had his faith The fielde ãâã is a place vvhere they may safely com to sight in listes before indââ¦eâ⦠Iudges Further he said that in matter of combat there was the assailant whiche oughte to giue suretie of y e field the defendant the weapons Herwith also he caused a letter to beced which the Emperor had written to Maister Iââ¦han de Calnymont presideÌt of Burdeaux y e said kings ambassador in the course of the said Emperor The tenor of which better imported that y e emperor put the said ambassador in remeÌbrance of speech which he had vttered to y e sayd ambassador in Granado repeting the same in substance as followeth that the Kyng his maister hadde done naughtily in not keping his faith which he had of him acording to the treatie of Madril and if the K. wold say the contrary I wil said the Emperor maintein the quarel with my bodie against his and these bee the same wordes that I spake to y e king your master in Madril that I wold hold him for ãâã and naughtys maÌ if ãâã the faith whichâ⦠ãâ¦ã Then after the said ãâã had him ââ¦che ãâã at ãâã his enââ¦ââ¦nde ãâã waâ⦠of ãâã be ãâã that ever wherof ââ¦e haue heard ãâ¦ã ãâã becontinued his ââ¦ale in declaring what order ãâã obserued ãâ¦ã the emâ⦠to the ãâã at without all shifting delâ⦠so as if the Herald now come froÌ the Emperor world vse our ãâã than ãâã deliuer him ââ¦tike writing for ãâã ââ¦tie of the field not obserue the contents of his safe conduct he ââ¦nt and to giue him all ãâã and ãâã vpon ãâ¦ã called to come in and declare his messages who apparelled in his ãâã of armes made his aparraÌts before the king them sitting accompanied as ãâã haue heard vnto where the King sayde Herauld doâ⦠thou bring the ãâã of the field suche one as thy master being be assaylaÌt ought to deliuer vnto the defendaÌt being so ãâã a personage is Iâ⦠The Heraulde there vnto said Sir may it please you to giue mâ⦠to do ââ¦ne
A rolle demaunded in the lowe countrey In thys yeare was an old tolle demaunded in Flanders of Englishmen called the toll of the hound whiche is a riuer and a passage The toll is twelue pence of a fardell It had ben often demaunded but neuer paid in so much that K. Henry the seuenth for the demaund of that toll prohibited all his subiects to keepe any marte at Andwerp or Barrow till it was promised that vpon theyr returne the sayd tolle shoulde neuer be demaunded The K. sent doctor knight and other to Calais whither came the Emperoures commissioners and there vpon talke the matter was put in suspension for a time The K. hauing purchased of the Cardinall after his attendure in the premunire his house at Westminster Yorke place or white Hall nowe the Palaice of Westminster called Yorke place and gote a confirmation of the Cardinals feoffement thereof made of the Chapitre of the Cathedrall Churche of Yorke purchased thys yeare also all the medowes about Saint Iames Saint Iames. and there made a faire mansion and a Parke for his greater commoditie and pleasure and bycause hee hadde a greate affection to the sayde house at Westminster hee bestowed greate cost in going forwarde with the building thereof and changed the name so that it was after called the Kings Palaice of Westminster An. reg 24. The Parliament proroged The fouretenth day of May the Parliament was proroged till the fourth of February nexte comming After which prorogation Sir Thomas More Chancellor of Englande after long sutes made to the King to hee discharged thys office Sir Thomas More deliuereth vp the great seale the sixtenth of May he deliuered to the K. at Westminster the greate Scale of Englande and was with the Kinges fauour discharged which Seale the Kyng kepte till Monday in Whitson weeke on which day he ãâã Thomas Audeley Sir Thomas Audley lorde keeper of the great Seale speaker of the ParliameÌt might and made him Lord keeper of the greate Seale also so he was called The King being enformed that the Pope and the French King should meete in the beginnyng of the next spring at Marsââ¦es he thought good for diuers consideratioÌs to speake with y e frenche K. in his owne person before the Pope and hee came togither whervpon it was concluded that in October following both the Princes shoulde meete betwixte Calais and Bulleigne Wherefore the King of England sent out his letters to his nobles Prelates and seruauntes commanding them to bee ready at Caunterbury the sixe and twentith of September to passe the Seas with him for the accomplishmente of the enteruiew betwixt him and the French Kyng The first of September beeing Sonday the King being come to Windesor The Ladye Anne Bolleign created Marcââ¦ionesse of Penbrooke created the Lady Anne Bulleigne Marchionesse of Pembroke and gaue to hir one thousand pound land by the yeare and that solemnitie finished he rode to the Colledge where after that seruice was ended a new league was concluded and sworne betwene the King and the french King Messire Pomoray the french Ambassador then being presente The tenth of October the Kyng came to Douer The kyng passeth ouer to Calais and on the eleuenth day in the morning at three of the clocke he tooke shipping at Douer Rode and before tenne of the same day he with the Lady Marchiones of Pembroke landed at Calais where he was receyued with all honour and lodged at the Exchecker There came to hym whilest hee lay in Calais diuers Lords from the French Court and amongst other the Lord great master of France and the Archbishop of Roan whiche were honorably of him receiued and with them hee tooke a daye and place of meeting with the King theyr maister Wherevpon the one and twentith of October hee marched out of Calais accompanyed with the Dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke the Marquesses of Dorset and Exeter the Earles of Arundell Oxforde Surrey Essex Derby ãâ¦ã The coââ¦uiewe betwyxt the kings of England and Fraunce the K. of England went with the Frenche K. ãâ¦ã man durst take any money for the french Kyng payd for all The fiue and twentith of October whilest y e K. lay thus in Bulleigne the Frenche King called a chapiter of the companions of his order called S. Michell of whome the K. of Englande was one The Dukes of Norffolke ãâã Suffolke elected into the order of S. Michaell and so ther elected the Dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke to be companions of y e same order and being broughte to the chapitâ⦠hadde their collers deliuered to them and were sworââ¦e to the statutes of the order their obeysance to their soueraigne Lord alwayes reserued Thus the two kings lay in Bulleigne Monday Tewsday Wednesday Thurseday and on Friday the .25 of October they departed out of Bulleigne to Calais Without the Towne of Calais about the distance of two miles the D. of Richmond the Kinges base sonne The duke of Rychmonde with a great company of noble men which had not bin at Bulleigne met them saluting the freÌch K. embrased him in most honorable and courteous maner Thus they passed forwarde and came to Newnham bridge and so to Calais where was suche prouision made for the receiuing of them as well for lodgings place and all suche other furniture of housholde as also ãâã all sortes of viands wines and other necessaries that it seemed wonderful in so much as the proportion assigned to the French Lords oftentimes was so abundante that they refused a greate parte thereof The French Kings trayne was twelue hundred horses or rather aboue But there was lodging ynough in Calais not onely for them but also for manye other so that there were aboue eight thousand persons lodged within the towne in that season The french K. comming thither on y e Friday taried there till Tewsday the thirtith of October and then departed the Kyng of Englande accompanying hym out of the Towne till hee came to enter into the French ground and there eyther tooke leaue of other with right princely countenaunce louing behauiour and so hartie wordes that all men reioyced that sawe them Whilest the two kings lay in Calais the L. Annas de Montmorancie Earle of Beaumont great maister of the french kings house and Philip de Chabot Earle of Newblanke greate Admirall of Fraunce were admitted into the order of the Garter The great ââ¦ster and Admirall of France made knights of the ãâã the K. calling a chapitre for that purpose of the knightes of that order as the whiche the Frenche King was presente and ware a blew mantel bycause he was one of the same order While the King was in the French Kyngs dominion hee hadde the vpper hand and likewise had the French King in his dominion and as the French King payd all the Englishmens charges at Bulleigne so did the King of Englande at Calais There rose aboute
our honour is so muche that wee maye not bee founde faultie of one iote or worde Proue it if by our lawes you maye not christen your children when yee be disposed vpon necessitie euery daye or houre in the weeke then might you be offended but seeing you maye doe it howe can you beleeue them that teach you the contrarie What thinke you they meane in the rest whiche moue you to breake your obedience against vs your King and Souereygne vpon these so false tales and persuasions in so euident a matter Therefore you all whiche will acknowledge vs your Souereigne Lorde and whiche will heare the voyce of vs your King maye easilye perceyue howe you bee deceyued and howe subtillye traytours and Papistes with their falsehoode seeke to atchieue and bring their purpose to passe with your helpe Euery traytour will be gladde to dissemble his treason and feede it secretelye euery Papist his Poperie and nourishe it inwardly and in the ende make you our subiectes partake vs of Treason and Poperie which in the beginning was pretended to bee a common weale and holynesse And howe are you seduced by them Sacrament of the bodie c. whiche put in youre heades the blessed Sacrament of Christes bodie shoulde not differ from other common breade If our lawes Proclamations and Statutes be all to the contrarie why shall anye priuate man persuade you against them Wee doe our selfe in our owne heart our Counsayle in all their profession our lawes and Statutes in all purposes our good Subiectes in all our doings most highlye esteeme that Sacrament and vse the Communion thereof to our moste comforte Wee make so muche difference thereof from other common breade that wee thinke no profite of other breade but to maintayne our bodies but this blessed breade wee take to bee the veââ¦yâ⦠foode of our soules to euerlasting life Howe thinke you good subiectes shall not we being your Prince your Lorde your King by Gods appoyntment with truth more preuayle thus certaine euill persons with open falshoode Shall anye sedicious person persuade you that the Sacrament is despised whiche is by ouer lawes by our selfe by our Counsayle and by all our good subiectes esteemed vsed participated and dailye receyued If euerye were seduced if euer deceiued if euer traitors were âââced if euer Papistes poysoned good subiectes it is nowe It is not the christening of children nor the reuerence of Sacrament not the health of your soules that they shoote at good subiects It is sedition It is high treason it is youre destruction they seeke Howe craftilye howe piteouslye howe cunninglye soeuer they doe it wyth one rule iudge yet the end which of force must come of your purposes Disobedience to a king is disobedience to almightie God Almightie God forbiddeth vpon payne of euerlasting damnation disobedience to vs your King and in his place we rule in earth If wee shoulde be flowe woulde God erre If your offence be towards God thinke you it is pardoned without repentaunce Is Gods iudgement mutable Your payne is damnation your Iudge is incorruptible your fault is most euident Likewise are ye euill informed in diuerse other Articles as for Confirmation of your Children for the Masse for the maner of your seruice of Mattins and Euensong Whatsoeuer is therein ordered hath bene long debated and consulted by many learned Bishops Doctors and other men of great learning in this Realme concluded in nothing so much labour and tyme spent of late tyme nothing so fullye ended As for the seruice in the Englyshe tongue hath manifest reasons for it Seruice in the English tong and yet perchance seemeth to you a newe seruice and yet in deede is none other but the olde The selfe same wordes in Englishe whiche were in Latine sauing a fewe things taken out so fonde that it had bene a shame to haue hearde them in Englishe as all they can iudge which liste to report the truth The difference is that we ment godlye that you our subiectes shoulde vnderstande in Englishe being our naturall Countrie tongue that whiche was heretofore spoken in Latine then seruing only them which vnderstode Latine and nowe for all you which be borne Englishe Howe can this with reason offende any reasonable man that he should vnderstande what anye other sayeth and so to consent with the speaker It the seruice in the Churche were good in Latine it remayneth good in Englishe Knowledge is better than ignorance for nothing is altered but to speake with knowledge that before was spoken with ignoraunce and to let you vnderstande what is sayde for you to the intent ye maye further it with your owne deuotion an alteration to the better except knowledge bee worse than ignoraunce So that whosoeuer hath moued you to misrike this order can giue you no reason nor aunswere yours if ye vnderstoode it Wherefore you our subiectes remember we speake to you being ordeyned your Prince and King by almightie God if anye wyse we coulde aduaunce Gods honour more than we doe we woulde doe it and see that ye become subiects to Gods ordinaunce Obey vs your Prince and learne of them whiche haue authoritie to teach you whiche haue power to rule you and will execute our iustice if we be prouoked Learne not of them whose fruites be nothing but wilfulnesse disobedience obstinacy and destruction of the Realme For the Masse The Masse we assure you no small studie nor trauaile hath bene spent by all the learned Clergie therein and to auoyde all contention thereof it is brought euen to the very vse as Christ left it as the Apostles vsed it as holy fathers deliuered it in deede somewhat altered from that whiche the Popes of Rome for their lucre brought to it And althoughe you may heare the contrarie of some Popishe and euill men yet our Maiestie whiche for our honour may not be blemished nor stayned assureth you that they deceyue you abuse you and blow these opinions into your heads for to furnish their owne purposes And so likewise iudge you of Confirmation of Children Confirmation of children and let them answere you this one question Thinke they that a chylde christened is damned bicause he dyeth before Bishopping Marke good subiectes what inconuenience hereof commeth Our doctrine therefore is founded vpon true learning theirs vpoÌ shamelesse errors To conclude beside our gentle maner of information to you whatsoeuer is conteyned in our booke eyther for Baptisme Sacrament Masse Confirmation and Seruice in the Churche is by Parliament established by the whole Clergie agreed yea by the Bishops of the Realme deuised and further by Gods worde confirmed And howe dare you trust yea howe dare you giue care withoute trembling to any singular person to disalowe a Parliament A subiect to persuade against our Maiestie or any man of his single arrogancie against the determination of the Bishops and all the Clergie any inuented argument against the worde of God But nowe you our subiectes we
Citie and returned homewardes wyth high commendation of the Citizens and others that acknowledged the sayde Earle to be the defender ãâ¦ã times Robert Ket and his brother William Ket were brought vp to London where they were ââmitted to the Tower and shortly after arraigned of theyr treason and founde guiltie were brought to the Tower agayne where they continued tell the .xxix. if Nouember on which day they were deliuered to Sir Edmonde Wyndham high Sherife of Norffolke and Suffolke to bee conueyed downe into Norffolke where Robert Ket was hange in Chaynes vpon the top of Norwich Castell and William Ket his brother on the toppe of Wyndmondham Steeple in which towne they had both dwelled and conspyred with others to go forwarde with theyr wicked rebellion This William Ket as was thought had beene sure of his pardon ãâ¦ã played the trayterous Hypocrite ââ¦liam Ket ââ¦ssembling ãâã for vpon his submission at the fyrst to my Lorde Marques of Northampton at hys commyng downe to suppresse this rebellion he was sent to his brother to perswade him and the rest to yeelde and receyue the Kings pardon but hee lyke a dissembling wretche although he promised to my Lorde to doe what hee coulde in that behalfe vppon hys comming to his brother into the rebels campe and behelde the greate multitude that were there aboute hym hee did not onely not diswade him and them from theyr trayterous rebellion but encouraged them to persyst and continue in their doyngs declaring what a small number of Souldiours the Marques brought with him nothing able to resyst suche a puyssaunce as was there assembled so that if it had not beene through the wicked perswasion of him and some other at that tyme not onely Robert Ket himselfe but also all the multitude besyde woulde haue submytted themselues and receyued the Kings pardon to the preseruation of manye a good mans lyfe that after dyed in the quarell But nowe to returne somewhat backe to the doings in Scotlande in the meane while that suche hurles were in hande here in Englande ye shall vnderstande that in the beginning of thys Sommer the king by aduise of his Counsaile sent forth a nauie by Sea towardes Scotlande the which arriuing in the Forth and comming before Lieth saluted the town with Canon shot and remayning there a tenne or twelue dayes tooke in the meane tyme the Isle of Inaketh Inaketh taken leauing there ãâã Ensignes of Englishe men and one of Italians with certaine Pioners to forâââ the place but the Frenchmen as in the Scottish Hystorie ye shall finde ãâ¦ã at large after the departure of the English nauie recouered that Isle againe out of the English mennes possession after they had kept it sixteene dayes wyth the slaughter of Captaine Cotten theyr Generall Captayne Appleby and one Iasper that was captaine of the Italians beside others After the recouering of this Isle Monsieur de Desse returneth into Fraunce Monsieur de Desse returned into Fraunce leauing hys charge vnto Monsieur de Thermes lately before there arriued who after the departure of the sayde Desse with a campe volant did what he could to stop the Englishmen within Hadington froÌ dytayles The Erle of Rutlande But notwithstanding the Earle of Rutlande being Lieutenant of the North did not onely vytayle it but put the Frenche armye in haunger of an ouerthrowe as it was thoughte muste needes haue followed if they had not with more speede than is vsed in a common marche slipt away after they perceyued the English armie so neare at their elbowes Moreouer M. Foxe An other rebellion or tumult begon in Yorkshire beside these inordinate vprores and insurrections aboue mentioned aboute the latter end of the sayde month of Iuly the same yeare which was .1549 another like sturre or commotion beganne at Semer in the northeyding of Yorkeshyre and continued in the East ryding of the same and there ended The principall doers and raysets vp The chiefe stirrers of this rebellion wher of was one William Ombler of Eastââeflerton yeoman and Thomas Dale parishe Clearke of Semer with one Steuenson of Somer neighbour to Dale and nephew to Ombler which SteueÌson was a meane or messenger betweene the sayde Ombler and Dale being before not acquainted togyther and dwelling seuen myles one from the other who at last by the trauayle of the sayde Steuenson and their owne euill dispositions inclyned to vngraciousnesse and mischiefe knowing before ane the others mynde by secrete conference were brought to talke togyther on ãâã Iames day Anno 1ââ¦4â⦠The causes moouing them to rayse this rebellion were these The causes mouing the Yorkshire men to rebellion first and principally their traterous heartes grudging at the kings most godly proceedings in aduauncing and refourming the true honour of God and his Religion an other cause also was for trusting to a blinde and a phantasticall prophecie wherewith they were seduced thinking the same prophecie should shortly come to passe by hearing the rebellions of Norffolke of Deuonshyre and other places the ãâã of which prophecie and purpose togyther of the traytours was that there should us King raigne in Englande A blinde prophecie amoÌgst the Northern-men the Noble men and Gentlemen to be destroyed and the Realme to be ruled by foure gouernours to be elected and appoynted by the commons holding a Parliament in Commotion to beginne at the South and North Seas of Englande supposing that this their rebellion in the North and the other of the Deuonshire men in the West meeting as they intended at one place to be the meane howe to compasse this their trayterous The deuice of the rebels how to compasse their purpose diuelish deuise And therefore laying their studies togither howe they might finde oute more companie to ioyne with them in that detestable purpose and to set forward the sturre this deuile they framed to sturre in two places the one distant seuen myles from the other and at the first rushe to kill and destroy such gentlemen and men of substance about them as were fauorers of the kings proceedings or which would resist them But first of al for the more speedie raysing of men they deuised to burne beacons and thereby to bring the people togither as though it were to defende the Sea coasts and hauing the ignorant people assembled then to poure out theyr poyson fyrst begynning with the rudest and poorest sort suche as they thought were pricked with pouertie and were vnwilling to labour and therefore the more ready to follow the spoyle of riche mens goodes bloing into theyr heades that Gods seruice was layde aside and newe inuentions neyther good nor godly put in place and so fending them with fayre promises to reduce into the Church againe theyr olde ignorance and Idolatrie thought by that meanes soonest to allure them to rage and runne with them in this commotion And furthermore to the intent they woulde giue the more terror to the gentlemen at the first
hym as then was supposed what the matters shoulde be And as for the tyme it was thought meete to bee as soone as possible myght bee agreed vpon And then after certaine dayes past it was signifyed by the sayde Archbishoppe that there was appoynted by suche of the Byshoppes to whome hee hadde imparted this matter eight persones that is to saye foure Byshoppes and foure Doctours who were content at the Queenes Maiesties commaundement to shewe theyr opinions and as he tearmed it render accounte of theyr fayth in those matters whiche were mentioned and that specially in wryting although he sayd they thought the same so determined as there was no cause to dispute vpon them It was herevppon fullye resolued by the Queenes Maiestie with the aduice aforesayde that according to theyr desyre it shoulde bee in wryting on both partes for auoyding of muche altercation in woordes and that the sayde Byshoppes shoulde bycause they were in authoritie of degree Superiours fyrste declare theyr myndes and opinions to the matter with theyr reasons in wryting and the other number beeing also eyght menne of good degree in Schooles and some hauing beene in dignitie in the Churche of Englande if they had any thing to say to the contrarie shoulde the same day declare theyr opinions in lyke manner And so eche of them shoulde delyuer theyr Wrytings to the other to be consydered what were to bee improoued therein and the same to declare agayne in wryting at some other conuenient daye and the lyke order to bee kept in all the rest of the matters all this was fully agreed vpon with the Archbishop of Yorke and so also signifyed to both partyes And immediately herevpon diuerse of the Nobilitie and States of the Realme vnderstanding that such a meeting and conference shoulde bee and that in certayne matters wherevpon the Courte of Parliament consequentlye following some lawes myght bee grounded they made earnest meanes to hir Maiestie that the partyes of thys conference myghte putte and reade theyr assertions in the Englishe tongue and that in the presence of them of the Nobilitie and others of the Parliament house for the better satisfaction and inhabling of theyr owne Iudgementes to treate and conclude of such lawes as myght depende herevpon Thys also beeing thought verie reasonable was signifyed to both partyes and so fully agreed vppon and the daye appoynted for the first meeting to bee the Fryday in the forenoone being the last of Marche at Westmynster Church where both for good order and for honour of the conference by the Queenes Maiesties commaundement the Lordes and others of the priuye Counsayle were present and a great part of the Nobilitie also and notwythstanding the former order appoynted and consented vnto by both partes yet the Bishoppe of Wynchester and his Colleges alleging they had mystaken that theyr assertions and reasons should be written and so onely recyted out of the Booke sayde theyr booke was not readie then written but they were readie to argue and dispute and therefore they woulde for that tyme repeate in speache that which they had to say to the fyrst proposition This variation from the order and specially from that whiche themselues had by the sayde Archbishoppe in wryting before requyred adding thereto the reason of the Apostle that to contende wyth wordes is profitable to nothing but to subuersion of the hearer seemed to the Queenes Maiesties Counsayle somewhat straunge and yet was it permytted wythoute any greate reprehension bycause they excused themselues with mistaking the order and agreed that they would not fayle but put it in writing according to the former order deliuer it to the other part and so the sayd Bishop of Wynchester and his Colleges appointed Doctor Cole Deane of Paules to be the vtterer of theyr myndes who partlye by speeche onely and partlye by reading of authorities written and at certayne tymes beeyng infourmed of hys Collegees what to saye made a declaration of theyr meanings and theyr reasons to theyr fyrst proposition which beeing ended they were asked by the priuie Counsaile if any of them had any more to be sayde and they sayde no. So as then the other parte was lycenced to shewe theyr myndes which they did according to the first order exhibiting all that whiche they mente to bee propounde in a Booke written which after a prayer and inuocation made most humbly to Almightie God for the enduing of them wyth hys holy spirite and a protestation also to stande to the Doctrine of the Catholike Church buylded vpon the Scriptures and the doctrine of the Prophetes and the Apostles was distinctly read by one Robert Horne Bachelour in Diuinitie late Deane of Duresme And the same beeing ended wyth some likelyhoode as it seemed that the same was muche allowable to the audience certaine of the Bishoppes began to saye contrarie to their former answere that they had nowe muche more to say to this matter wherein although they myght haue beene well reprehended for such manner of cauillation yet for auoyding of any mistaking of orders in thys colloquie or conference and for that they should vtter all that which they had to say It was both ordered and thus openlye agreed vppon of both partes in the full audience that vpon the Monday following the Bishops shoulde bring theyr myndes and reasons in wryting to the seconde assertion and the last also if they coulde and first reade the same and that done the other parte shoulde bring likewise theyrs to the same And being read eche of them shoulde deliuer to other the same wrytings And in the meane tyme the Bishops should put in writing not onely al that which Doctour Cole had that day vttered but all suche other matters as they anye otherwise coulde thinke of for the same and as soone as they might possible to sende the same booke touching that first assertion to the other part and they shoulde receyue of them that wryting which Maister Horne had there read that day and vpon Monday it shoulde be agreed what day they shoulde exhibite their aunswers touching the first proposition Thus both partes assented thereto and the assemblie quietly dismissed And therefore vpon Monday the like assembly beganne againe at the place and houre appoynted and there vpon what sinister or disordered meaning is not yet fully knowne though in some part it be vnderstanded the Bishop of Winchester and his Colleages and especially Lyncolne refused to exhibite or reade according to the former notorious order on Fryday that whiche they had prepared for the seconde assertion And therevppon by the Lorde keeper of the great Seale they being first gentlye and fauourably requyred to keepe the order appoynted and that taking no place bring secondly as it behoued pressed with more earnest request they neyther regarding the authoritie of that place nor theyr owne reputation nor the credite of the cause vtterly refused that to doe And finally being againe particularly euerie of them a parte distinctly by name requyred to vnderstande theyr
comming into the fieldes The lords coââ¦e ââ¦o ãâã with a gâ⦠army beside Clerkenwell mustred their men being deuided into three seueral battails very wel appointed with Armour and weapon that it was a beautifull sight to behold them The king kept his Christmasse King Richard kepeth Christmasse ãâã the town of London not at Westmynster but in the tower not doubting but there to be defended what chaunce soeuer shoulde happen The Lordes mistrusting the Londoners lodged them with their people in the Suburbes They sent yet two knightes and two esquiers The lordes ââ¦d the ãâã and citiâ⦠London ââ¦stand their mââ¦ning vnto the Maior and Aldermen of the Citie to vnderstande whether they were minded to take part with them or with the duke of Irelande and hys aââ¦hââ¦rents traytors as they termed them both to the king and realme The Londoners were now in no small feare and perplexitie not knowing wel what way was best for them to take weying diuers perils as ãâã the Kinges displeasure if they opened theyr gates vnto ãâã Lordes and if they shutte them forth they ââ¦d the indignation and wrath of the Commons that were come thither with the Lordes ââ¦e ââ¦oââ¦ers ââ¦gue perââ¦e which ãâã ââ¦ke and were readie to breake downe theyr walles and gates if they were neuer so lyttle prouoked Besides this they stoode moste in doubt least if the wealthiest Citizens shoulde not giue theyr consent to receyue the Lordes into the Citie the meaner sort and such as wished rather to see som burle than to continue in peace woulde secke by force to set ââ¦pon the gates and make way for the Lordes and their people to enter that they might make ââ¦cke and spoyle whatsoeuer might bee founde of value in the rich mens houses These doubtes with all the circumstaunces being well weyed and considered ââ¦e LoÌdoners ãâã to the ãâã the Maior Nicholas Exton and certain of the chiefe men in the Citie went forth to the Lordes and offred them to lodge in the Citie at their pleasure wyth all things necessarie as they should deuise The Maior caused also wine ale breade and cheese to be distributed amongst the armie so as eche one had parte which courtesie turned greatlye afterwardes to the commoditie of the Citie The Lordes vpon searche made perceyuing that there was no guile meÌt by laying of men in ambushes within the Citie to entrappe them ãâã lordes enâ⦠ãâã LondoÌ or otherwise but that all was sure ynough cleare without any such euill meaning they entred the Citie and there abode quietly Then went the Archbishop of Canterbury and other betwixt the King and the Lordes to make peace betwixt them But the king at the first seemed little to esteeme the matter saying to the Archbishop The kings ãâã touchâ⦠the lords ââ¦ngs well let them lie here with their great multitude of people hardely till they haue spent all they haue and then I trust they will returne poore ynough and needie and then I doubt not but I shall talke with them and vse the matter so as iustice may require The Lordes beeing enformed hereof were maruellously mooued and sware that they would not depart till they had spoke with him face to face and forthwith they sent parte of their companies to watche the Thames for feare the king shoulde escape theyr handes and then laugh them to scorne When the king then perceyued himselfe to be enclosed on eche side he talked eftsoones with the Archbishop and his associates that were Messengers betwixt him and the Lordes willing them to declare to the Lordes that he would be contented to treate with them in reasonable order whervpon they required that he should on the morow next ensuing come vnto Westminster where he should vnderstand their demaundes When the king heard that he refused to come vnto Westminster but willed that they shoulde come to him there in the Tower The lords refuse to come-into the tower but after search made they comthither to the kings presence The Lordes sent him worde againe that the Tower was a place to be suspected for that they might there be surprised by some guilefull practise deuised to intrappe them The king herevnto made answere that they might send some two hundred men or so many as they shoulde thinke good to make a through search whether they needed to feare any such thing and this accordingly was done they hauing the keyes of the gates and of al the strong chambers turrets and places within the tower sent vnto them and so on the Fryday Grafton the Duke of Gloucester the Earles of Darbie and Notingham came to the king Tho. VVals where he was set in a pauelion richely arrayed The lords opââ¦their greefes to the king and after theyr humble salutations done and some talke had betwixte them they wente at the kings request with him into his chaÌber where they recited vnto him the conspiracie of their aduersaries through whiche they had bene indited They also shewed forth the letters which hee had sent to the Duke of Irelande to leuie an armie vnto theyr destruction Likewise the letters which the Frenche king had written to him conteyning a safeconducte for him to come into Fraunce there to confyrme things to the diminishment of his honor to the decay of his power and losse of his fame During the time of this communication also the Earle of Darbie desired the king to beholde the people that were assembled in sight before the Tower for the preseruation of him his realme which he did and marueyling to see such a goodly armie and strength as he declared to them no lesse the Duke of Gloucester sayde vnto him sir this is not the tenth part of your willing subiects that haue rysen to destroy those false traytours that haue misled you with their wicked naughtie counsaile The king being brought to his wittes ende aswell with those things whiche the Lordes had charged him with as otherwise with the sight of that great multitude of people seemed greatly amazed Wherevpon the Lordes vnder condition that the next day hee shoulde come to Westminster to heare more of theyr myndes and to conclude further for the behoofe of the common wealth of the Realme Grafton beganne to take leaue of him meaning so to depart but the King desired them to tarie all nyght with him the Queene The Duke thinking to make all sure made excuse that he durst not be absent froÌ al those folks which they had brought with them for feare that some disorder might arise eyther in the armie or in the Citie yet at the kings instance the Earles of Notingham and Darbie taried there all night Tho. VVals The king before his going to bed was quite turned coÌcerning his determination and promise made to go the next day vnto Westmin through such whispering tales as was put into his ââ¦ares The inconstaÌcie of the king by some that were about him telling him
that it stood neither with his safetie nor honor so lightly to agree to depart froÌ the tower vnto such place as the Lordes had thus appoynted him to serue more for their purpose thaÌ for suretie of his person When the Lords therefore vnderstood that he would not keepe promise with them they were greatly offended insomuch as they sent him flat word that if he woulde not come according to promise they would surely choose an other king that would and ought to obey the faythful counsaile of his Lordes The king with this message being touched to the quicke The K. is compelled to condiscend to the lords requests to satisfie their mindes and to auoyde further perill remoued the nexte morning vnto Westminster where the Lords comming before his presence after a little other talke they declared vnto him that aswel in respect of his own honour as the commoditie and wealth of his kingdome it was behouefull that such traytors most wicked and slanderous persons as were nothing profitable but hurtful to him and his louing subiects should be remoued out of his court and that other that both could and would serue him more honorably and faythfully were placed in theyr rowmthes The king although sore agaynst his minde when he sawe how the Lordes were bent and that he wanted power to withstande theyr pleasures condiscended to doe what they woulde haue him And so when he had graunted thereto they iudged that Alexander Neuill Archbishop of Yorke Iohn Fourdham Bishop of Durham Lord Treasorer Thomas Rushoke a Frier of the order of the Preachers Bishop of Chichester and confessor to the king were worthie to bee auoyded the Court But the Archbishop ãâ¦ã and the Bi. of Chichester would ãâ¦ã ââ¦nings but got them out of the way ãâ¦ã was not knowne whither The Lordes expââ¦sed also out of ãâ¦ã Lord Zouche of Haringworth Câ⦠ãâ¦ã the ãâã the L. Bâ⦠the Lord Beaumont Albrey de Vter Bââ¦in de Bereford Richard Aââ¦burie Iohn Worth Thomas Clyfford and Iohn Loââ¦ell ââ¦ightes These were dismissed out of the Court and remoued from the king but not discharged for they were constreyned to put in sureties ââ¦o appâ⦠the nââ¦t Parliament There were also certaine Ladies ãâ¦ã Court Câ⦠ãâã expulsed the Court. as those that were thought to doe ãâ¦ã harme about the K. to wit the Ladie Pââ¦ynings wife to Iohn Worth of Mowen and ãâ¦ã Moulinge with others which also ãâ¦ã to answere at the next Parliament ãâ¦ã things as might be obiected agaynst ãâã Moreouer there were arrested ãâ¦ã seuerall prisons sir Simon Burley The ãâ¦ã those that ãâã cââ¦mââ¦ed ãâã prison by the Lords Wil. ââ¦mham Iohn Beauchampe of Hoâ⦠steward of the kings house sir Iohn Salisburie sir Thâ⦠Tauet sir Iames Barneis sir Nichol. Dagworth sir Nicolas Brambre knights Also Richarde Clifford Iohn Lincolne Ric. Mitford the kings chaplains Nic. Sclake deaue of the kings chapel whose worde might doe much in the Court There was also appreheÌded Iohn Blaâ⦠apprentice of the law al which persons were kept to strait ward till the next ParliameÌt in which they were appointed to staÌd vnto their trial answers Shortly after to witte the morrow after the Purification of our lady the Parliament begââ¦n The parâ⦠that wrought wonders the which was named the ParliameÌt y t wrought wonders The king would gladly haue proroged the time of this ParliameÌt if by any meanes he might Grafton Grafton Tho. VVal. The Lordes came to the same Parliament with a sufficieÌt armie for their owne safeties The first day of this Parliament were arested as they sate in their places Grafton all the Iustices except sir William Skipworth as sir Roger Fulthrop sir Robert Belknap The Iustices a ââ¦ed and sent to the tower sir Iohn Carey sir Iohn Holt sir William Brooke Iohn Alocton the kings Sergeant at law all the whiche were sent to the Tower and there kept in seuerall places The cause why they were thus appreheÌded was for that where in the last Parliament diuerse Lordes were made gouerners of the realme both by the assent of the same Parliament Why the Iustices were apprehended and also by the aduise couÌsail of all the Iustices then being and Indentuces tripertite thereof made of the which one part remayned with the king an other with the Lordes so chosen to gouerne the realme and the thirde part with the Iustices and yet notwithstanding the sayde Iustices at a Councell holden at Notingham as ye haue heard before didde goe contrarie to that agreement Wherevpon it was nowe determyned that they shoulde make answere to theyr doings Moreouer in the beginning of this Parliament The Duke of ãâã and his ââ¦ates attayned of treason by this parliament were openly called Robert Veer Duke of Ireland Alexander Neuill Archbishop of York Michaell de la Poole Earle of Suffolke sir Robert Trisilian Lorde chiefe Iustice of Englande to answere Thomas of Woodstocke Duke of Gloucester Rycharde Earle of Arundell Henrie Earle of Darbie and Thomas Earle of Notingham vpon certaine articles of high treason which these Lordes did charge them with and forasmuche as none of these appeared it was ordeyned by the whole assent of the Parliament that they shoulde be banished for euer and theyr landes and goodes moueable and vnmoueable to be forfeyt and seysed into the kings handes theyr landes entayled onely excepted Shortly after was the Lorde chiefe Iustice Robert Tresilian founde founde in a Pothecaries house at Westminster lurking there Tresilian chief iustice discried by his own maÌ is executed at Tiburn to vnderstande by spyes dayly what was done in the Parliament he was discried by one of his owne men and so taken and brought to the Duke of Gloucester who caused him forthwith the same day to be had to the Tower and from thence drawne to Tyburne and there hanged The morrow after sir Nicholas Brambre that sometime had beene Maior of London was brought forth to iudgement and condemned although he had many friendes that made suyte to saue his life This man had done many oppressions within the Citie of London as was reported In his Mayraltie he caused great and monstruous Stoks to be made to imprison men therin and also a common Axe to strike off the heades of them whiche shoulde resist hys wyll and pleasure for hee was so highly in the kings fauour that he might doe what he woulde And the report went that hee had caused eight thousande or more to be indited which before had taken part with the Lordes intending to haue put theÌ all to death if God had not shortned his days Many other euill fauoured reportes went abrode of him as that hee ment to haue chaunged the name of London and to haue named it little Troy of which citie baptised with y e new name he purposed to bee intituled Duke But these were forged rumors deuised and spred abrode in those dayes as many other were partly by