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A19459 A briefe ansvver vnto certaine reasons by way of an apologie deliuered to the Right Reuerend Father in God, the L. Bishop of Lincolne, by Mr. Iohn Burges wherin he laboureth to prooue, that hauing heretofore subscribed foure times, and now refusing (as a thing vnlawfull) that he hath notwithstanding done lawfully in both. Written by VVilliam Couell, Doctor in Diuinitie. Covell, William, d. 1614? 1606 (1606) STC 5880; ESTC S108879 108,616 174

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of the people not to confirme the authoritye of Ecclesiastical opinions or decrees this peraduenture was not vnfit seeing antiquity thought as the counsel of Trent hath set downe that by a kinde of similitude they might seeme to bee Salomons Wherein notwithstanding because there are thought to bee some errors according to the graue moderation of our dread Soueraigne whose wisdome appeared in this like the wisdome of Salomon wee reiect such parcels as are faultie and retaine the rest And yet those which according to the example of the most reformed Churches for you rule vs in all things by the tyranny of example are retained amongst vs are neither read nor esteemed as the rest of the holy scriptures seing liberty is left to all men in their seuerall charges to informe their people in the different valuation of these writings which though the Canon forbid in the Lyturgy both because our additions are vnseemly and often vnsafe yet it is lawfull in your Sermon to instruct your pa●ish what respect and authority is to bee giuen vnto these bookes and therefore your feare in my opinion is needlesse seeing the very naming of the booke from whence the lesson is taken to the most of your hearers will bee difference enough Let me aduise you therefore according to the counsell of Saint Hierom not to contemne those things as smal without which things that are greater cannot well stand And therfore it is wisdom to leaue both the reading and the often reading of these bookes to the wisdome and direction of those that doe rule ouer vs and I hope humility will conquer you in this case if neither vertue nor reason could ouercome onely I must tell you before I end this point that if Saint Hierom were taxed at the conference as the first that gaue them the name of Apocripha there wanted both duery and thankfulnesse in you to interpose that clause though not truely for Cyrill did it before him Seeing all men knowe that Hierom was the first that of all other did openly tearme them by that name without all exception amōgst the Latine Fathers for any thing that I knowe was the first neither was Cyrill his opinion equally sound to S. Hieroms in this case seeing all men knowe that by him B●ruch was accounted Canonicall which worthyly is refused by our Church And therefore if you acknowledge the benfit you haue receiued discharge your debt and hauing receiued fauour as at his hands returne loue as Hugo speaketh For as S. Austin saith none that is sober will striue against reason None that is a christian against the Scripture and none that loueth peace will thinke contrary to that which the Church doth And if beyond this you will needes feare it may argue your loue but not your knowledge Besides what wisdome euen in the greatest safety can make a freedom from feare in the mindes of some melancholy humours APOLOGY AGaine though we beare and with the best rather then likliest expositiōs admit som speeches as we find in some Rubricks Collects or translations in the booke being in shew dāgerous or in sence idle or perhaps false yet my good Lord who can with a good conscience allow your part I meane the reuerend fathers therin that in so many Impressions of the booke could correct none of them but rather still leaue them vpon improbable defences then remooue them with ease as who can Commend in your Lordshipps still to call those peeces of Scripture Epistles which are taken out of Ieremye ●sayes the Acts and Reuelation when the verye counsell of Trent that absurdit● in the M●sse booke And though the eagernesse of some spirits to innouate to many things maye somewhat excuse your ten●citye of them yet in yeilding to nothing you seeme to haue forgotten Augustus Leuell of hating equallye morositie and noueltie as equall faults yea to forget how easie it may be in time for the papis●s to ingrosse our own speeches as by name that of confirmation That it giueth strength against temptations to sinn c. As the Gothes made the laws of the Romans to become theirs by a Gothish interpretation And in all this stiffnes what is more manif●st then the difficultye of denying our selues and of ayming simplie at the glorie of God when wee are once ingaged and het in the quarrells of our owne ANSVVER SEeing it pleaseth you to repeat the same things as new which often heretofore haue beene answered both by vs and others It shall not bee I hope offensiue to any If we say againe what else where wee haue vttered which peraduenture hath not come vnto your vew That because men are easily wearied in those duties that are best and prayer making vs apt to fall into speculations concerning God both that our wearines may be lesse and our thoughts more sound and more agreable to the present busines those wise men that haue beene before vs haue chosen lessōs for the church fitting seuerall occasions that as prayer make vs fitter to hear so the hearing of these may make vs fitter to pray To read scriptures in the time of diuine seruice wee hope being auncient and of such vse their wisdom will not much mislike if the name of epistle doe offend you cannot but know that the originall of this both for the name and the thing was from Paule himselfe commanding the same Epistle which he sent vnto the Collossians to be read in the Church of the Laodiceans and of that to the Thessalonians he saith I charge you in the Lord that this Epistle be read vnto all the brethren the Saints from which custome the Church hauing appoynted that portion of scripture whether out of the prophets Acts of the Apostle or Reuelation which circumstances considered was thought then fittest to be read vnto the people as if it were sent directlye vnto them thereby procuring their attention is not vnfitly tearmed by the name of Epistle to these as Saint Chrisostome noteth the minister stood vp and cryed with a loude voyce Let vs attend this practise hath resemblance to the practise of the Iewes euen vntill this daye amongst whome some thing is read euerye Sabboth out of Moses or the prophets besides these if any thing offend through the seueritye of some expositions as what scripture so holye that some expositions will not corrupt wee desire more charitye at their hands seing the cause wee defend is the Honour of our church the wisdome of our forefathers the worship of God and not our owne wils for which onlye if our Reuerend fathers had been ingaged they would I doubt not long since rather haue relinquished their owne right then with so much preiudice haue hazarded the Churches peace as for the Church of Rome we are so farre from being vnwilling that they should ingrosse our speeches as that wee daily and heartily pray that they would in all thinges both thinke and speake
which are and shall be iust reasons to make me humbly obserue your honour the nearenesse of the same soyle which gaue the first ayre vnto vs both then the same two Colledges which gaue furtherance to both our studies and lastly the entrance into my Ministerie which with many fauours I receiued by the imposition of your Lordships hands these all as they are hopefull assurances of your pardon for this boldnes so they are and shall be strong reasons to make me remaine in all dutie at your Honours seruice Lambeth Ianuarie 22. 1605. Your Lordships to be commaunded WILLIAM COVELL A Preface to the Reader THERE are few resolutions that are filled with more hazard then those which are vndertaken to giue satisfaction to distempered humors wherein whilest euerie man would seeme eyther not to erre at all or to haue some colourable excuse for that which they had rather call freedom of conscience and Christian libertie then tearme errour the state of the Church hangeth ballanced with some opposite contrarieties as if it were the most profitable wisdome to stand in consultation and not to aduenture to hold any thing Doubtlesse no cause hath gained lesse to the defendants then this of the Church gouernement for first being in it selfe barren it hath little wherein there can be vse of the ancient Fathers for whilest men out of their owne fancie will frame dislikes wee can but in the generall alleage the constant moderation of our forefathers and without warrant for particulers satisfie them so farre as Religion and reason will giue leaue Secondly all men are caried with a pittie naturally toward such whom they suppose to suffer for the testimonie of a good conscience whilest others are suspected to flatter the present state as if nothing could be reputed honest which were not a bold opposition vnder colour of consciene to a setled gouernment vnto these may be added that which is not the least euill that whilest impatience zeale openeth the mouthes of our enemies for any fault in our answering committed by vs enuy doth open the mouthes of our supposed friends for that which may be thought to be done well So that though the recōpence hath nothing in it to be desired this only remaineth as the comfort against all trobles that it is a right vse of our small talent dispensed with Humility and dutie for the benefit and peace of the Church of Christ where first in the daies of our late dread soueraigne of blessed memory some fearing superstition might returne like a troublesome guest neither long nor farr absent sundry of the most learned most sincere not called to the honor the burden of a Bishopprick were consulted with all to giue satisfaction to such who seemed rather to follow the example of forraine Churches then to haue iust reasons to mislike their owne To this end letters were sent from the reuerend fathers of the Church to desire the resolution concerning the apparell of ministers Ceremonies and other indifferent things to M. Bullinger F. Martyr Gualter Bucer others men without comparison for integrity learning equall to the best in those times not much exceeded by any to my knowledge that haue liued since their answers to these questions for the contentment of our brethren if they loue peace we thought to haue published in the end of this treatise After these times by the suggestion of some both from Geneua Scotland the Church had not long rest but that diuers admonitions were written to the Parliament desiring a new discipline sundry Inuectiues against the Bishops diuers vnhallowed pāphlets from the brood of Cham who gloried in the discouery of the supposed nakednes of their owne fathers a little more then ordinary rigor for their malypart boldnes had awaked the accustomed clemēcy of a most gracious prince by the execution of some few stopped in a manner for a time the mouthes the Pennes of all letting the ages that come after vnderstand thus much that writings how learned soeuer as what could be more excellent for modesty iudgement then the pains of that most worthy Archbishop are able to do litle good for the quiet of the Church if the magistrates be wanting to giue aid that they who at first make holines reformation the scope of whatsoeuer they say or write pretending to aime at nothing but to make men better in the end by degrees fall to a vanity prophanely to libel to make others laugh in my weak opiniō few things euer hapned in this kingdom more auailable to breed Atheisme then that was But the scope being for a Presbyteriall discipline it found with the most of that faction this fauour to be reprooued no more sharpely then the sin of the sons of Hely hitherto all stroue for a Presbitery wherof at the first comming of our most gracious soueraigne to this kingdom many were filled with a vain hope doubtle● deceiued by such men who either vnderstood not the state of this cōmonwealth or had little care of the happy prosperity of this Church But in the end when authority was more blessed assisted from aboue then to be deluded with such mists or to giue any hope to couetous affections greedily longing for the fall of Bishops which one Act of preseruing their state and honour amongst many thousand arguments of fauour shewed towards them shall stirre vp the praiers of all that now liue for the continuance of his state and make his memorie blessed amongst all posterities to the worlds end then I say many began to make a rent in the Church and to breake from vs chusing rather with what conscience they know to forsake their function and calling then to yeeld their conformitie to the cerimonies of this Church which hitherto by themselues were euer ●eputed as things indifferent and doubtlesse neither so many nor so dangerous but in this time of light and knowledge they may be admitted without superstition at all forseeing as Peter Martyr saith we be so free as we haue but a few Ceremonies and those easie and gentle it would be an intollerable thing and worthie to be condemned if we should not performe them without corruption I wish those to consider well who are desirous to make these things simply vnlawfull both how they differ from themselues and others at other times and what bondage vnder the name of libertie they impose vpon the Church by denying her authoritie to ordaine ceremonies in which if little or nothing be left vnto her neither shall she need much the directiō of Gods spirit to guid her consultations nor challenge any great obedience in her owne name if all things that are be simply either good or euill to which errour if Zeale or opinion shall tranport any he must eyther make the worship of God to be without Ceremonies or those Ceremonies simply necessarie without which there is no worshippe none that I know would haue religion to want