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A44087 The case of sees vacant by an unjust or uncanonical deprivation, stated in reply to a treatise entituled A vindication of the deprived bishops, &c. : together with the several other pamphlets lately publish'd as answers to the Baroccian treatise / by Humphry Hody ... Hody, Humphrey, 1659-1707. 1693 (1693) Wing H2339; ESTC R13783 282,258 245

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they had got the Money refused to supply 'em with Victims and proceeded so far in Impiety as both to violate their Faith with Men and likewise to defraud God of the Honours due unto him The Priests therefore who had been wronged prayed to God that he would punish their Countrymen And immediately it was done For a vehement Storm so destroyed the Fruits of the whole Country that a Measure of Wheat was sold for 15 Drachms Perhaps it may be said that Aristobulus was accepted as a true High-priest not because he was the Possessor but because Hyrcanus tho' by force and compulsion had solemnly and fully resigned to him If this be alleged then it follows that Hyrcanus had no Right to the High-priesthood yet he after he was restored by the bare Autority of the Heathen Pompey tho' Aristobulus was depos'd by onely the same Autority of that Conquerour was owned again and received as a true High-priest by all the Iews and so he continued for the space of 24 years True it is that Alexander the Son of Aristobulus raised a War against Hyrcanus and the Romans It is likewise true that Aristobulus himself having made his escape from Rome raised another small Army and endeavoured to re-obtain the Pontificate But we are not to imagine that they that joined thus with Aristobulus and endeavoured to restore him did therefore do so because they thought the present High-priest Hyrcanus not truly such It was in this Case as usually it is in other Kingdoms where Love hope of Gain and a longing after Innovation engages turbulent Spirits against the present Establishment Iosephus assures us that they that joined with Aristobulus were induced thereunto by the glory of his Name the desire of Innovation and the hopes of Gain And that it was onely Ambition not any thing of Religion or Conscience that made Aristobulus endeavour to recover the Government cannot possibly be doubted by any Person of Judgment 'T was the King and not the High-priest that raised those Commotions § 7. After the term of 24 years Hyrcanus was again deposed by Antigonus the younger Son of Aristobulus and his Ears were cut off that by that he might be made uncapable of being restored Whether Antigonus himself took upon him the Function of the High-priest together with the Government we are not well assured But it was not long before he himself lost his life and Herod was made King of the Iews And now we are come to a strange Scene of Tyranny a surprizing Train of unjust and tyrannical Deprivations For the future we shall find very few High-priests but who were deposed by the Secular Governours And of those that were deposed very few were deposed for any just Cause Yet still the Successor was owned both by Priests and People as well by the learned the Sanhedrin the Scribes and the Pharisees as by the unlearned Multitude Ananelus a Jew of Babylon was made High-priest by King Herod in the room of either Antigonus or Hyrcanus This Alexandra the Daughter of Hyrcanus the Wife of Alexander and the King's Mother-in-law took very ill because he was preferr'd to her Son Aristobulus She therefore wrote to Cleopatra the Queen of Egypt and requested her to obtain of Mark Antony the High-priesthood for her Son Upon this account to satisfie Alexandra and likewise his Wife Mariamne the King deposes Ananelus and preferrs Aristobulus to the Dignity And after the Death of Aristobulus he again restores Ananelus Iesus the Son of Phabes who was made High-priest upon the death of Ananelus was deposed by the same King Herod and Simon the Son of Boethus succeeded him And for what was this done For no other reason but because the King had a mind to Marry Simon 's Daughter and he thought the Match would seem too mean for him unless Simon were advanced to that Honour The Daughter of Simon after she was married to the King being suspected as engaged in a Conspiracy against him her Father was for that deposed And to him succeeded Matthias the Son of Theophilus Of this Matthias it is very observable That as Iosephus relates being polluted with an unvoluntary Vncleanness the night before the day of Expiation on which he was to officiate in a solemn manner he made it known and on that account there was consecrated a new High-priest for that day to officiate in his stead This I say is on this account very observable because from thence it appears That both Matthias himself who accepted of the High-priesthood which in justice belonged to Iesus the Son of Phabes and the great Men among the Iews who owned him as true High-priest were very Religious Persons and nice Observers of all necessary Laws He likewise was displaced by the King upon a Suspicion that he had given encouragement to certain Zealots who had pull'd down a Golden Eagle which the King had set up over one of the Gates of the Temple In his room the King placed Ioazarus the Son of Simon Boethus Ioazarus was extremely hated by all that Party that favoured the aforesaid Zealots They present a Petition to the Tetrarch Archelaus the Son and Successor of King Herod and require him in a seditious manner to displace him But what was their Plea Not that he was no true High-priest Tho' in other things they shewed so much Zeal for their Laws as even to raise a Sedition for the Vindication of 'em and tho' their Love for the ejected High-priest was very great yet they allege nothing at all concerning the unlawfulness of submitting to the present Possessor They onely allege that he was not worthy of the Honour and desire that another more worthy any one that Archelaus thought fit might be named to succeed him Tho' Archelaus did not hearken to what they demanded yet after some time he deposed him upon another account viz. because he suspected him to be somewhat concerned in the raising of a Sedition To him succeeded his Brother Eleazar He was likewise displaced by the same Archelaus and succeeded by Iesus the Son of Sie Ioazarus the Son of Simon Boethus was again restored upon the Death of Iesus the Son of Sie So it seems for there is no mention made that Iesus was remov'd But he was again displaced by Quirinus the Roman Prefect of Syria His Crime no other but that upon some account incurring the People's displeasure there had been a Sedition raised against him In his place was substituted Ananus the Son of Seth who himself was deposed by Valerius Gratus the Roman Prefect of Iudea And Ismael the Son of Phabi was promoted to his Dignity Ananus flourished long after his Ejectment amongst the Iews and at the time of our Saviour's Passion was one of their Chief Priests or Rulers under the High-priest Caiaphas his Son-in-law He is mentioned in the Histories of the Gospel by by the Name of Annas Ismael the Son of Phabi was likewise remov'd
by the same Valerius Gratus who advanced in his stead Eleazar the Son of Ananus but now mentioned Him likewise after a years time he deposed and promoted Simon the Son of Camith After one year he likewise removed Simon and in his place he substituted Iosephus who was Sir-named Caiaphas Caiaphas was removed by Vitellius the Roman Prefect of Syria and Ionathan another Son of Ananus was advanced to the Honour of the High-priesthood The same was likewise the Fate of Ionathan For he after some little time was removed by the same Governour and his Brother Theophilus was promoted in his stead He continued after that a worthy Patriot and at last was murther'd by the Roman Governour Felix Theophilus was displaced by King Herod Agrippa and Simon who was sirnamed Cantharas the Son of Simon Boethus succeeded him Him Agrippa likewise deposed and promoted Matthias a fourth Son of Ananus and Brother to the High-priests Theophilus Ionathan and Eleazar The King was desirous that Ionathan should be re-invested with the Honour as more worthy of it than Simon Cantharas but Ionathan begged to be excused and recommended to him his Brother Matthias By his Answer alone we might judge how far the Iews were from thinking it unlawfull to succeed one unjustly or arbitrarily deposed by the Civil Governour I am obliged says he to your Majesty for your Good-will to me in making me the offer of so great an Honour but I think it sufficient that I once wore those sacred Robes which I cannot now receive with the same Holiness as heretofore I did since God has judged me unworthy of ' em He adds that if the King required him he would tell him who was far more worthy of the Honour than himself That his Brother Matthias was more innocent and free from all sort of guilt or Imputation whom therefore he would recommend to him as fit to be preferred to the Dignity Matthias was himself displaced by the same Prince in his room there was substituted Elioneus sirnamed Cantharas the Son of Cantharas Elioneus was removed by Herod the Brother of King Agrippa and to him succeeded Iosephus the Son of Canei or Camydus more truly Camithus the same I suppose with Camith above mentioned Iosephus was depos'd by the same Herod and succeeded by Ananias the Son of Nebedeus he of whom we read in the Acts of the Apostles as sitting chief Judge in the Cause of St. Paul Ananias was sent bound by Numidius Quadratus the Roman Prefect of Syria to the Emperour Claudius at Rome there to answer for a Tumult which had been rais'd between the Iews and Samaritans Upon that account I suppose he was depos'd That he was depos'd is manifest and he flourish'd after that at Ierusalem till the beginning of the War with the Romans at what time he was murther'd by the Seditious In his room succeeded Ismael the Son of Phabei the same I presume with Phabi promoted by King Agrippa the younger He was sent by the Iews Embassadour to the Emperour Nero upon a difference which happen'd between them and the King There being detain'd as a Hostage the King promoted in his stead Iosephus sirnam'd Cabei Him he likewise deposed and preferred Ananus the Son of Ananus This Ananus it was that condemned St. Iames the brother of our Saviour with others to be stoned Upon which account he was after three months deposed by the same Prince He continued after he was deposed a very great man amongst the Iews and was one of their chief Commanders in the time of their Wars with the Romans and was killed at last by the seditious Zealots highly praised by Iosephus as the chief of all the High-priests of that time for his Justice Love of his Country and other excellent Qualities Iesus the Son of Damneus who succeeded in the High-priesthood upon the ejectment of Ananus was deposed by the same King Agrippa the younger and succeeded by Iesus the Son of Gamaliel He likewise was deprived by the King and the Honour was conferred on Matthias the Son of Theophilus In whose time there broke out that War in which Ierusalem was destroyed by the Romans § 8. This is the Account which Iosephus has delivered down to us of the several Revolutions in the Jewish Pontificate from the beginning of the Reign of King Herod As he himself does not give us the least Hint That he thought that they who succeeded upon an unjust or a lay-deprivation was no true High-priest but speaks of 'em always as as true and real High-priests as any other so it plainly appears from him That that was likewise the Sense of all the Nation of the Iews How arbitrarily or unjustly soever the Predecessor was deposed both the Priests and the People submitted to the present Possessor And He who had been unjustly deposed tho' he came himself regularly to the Honour which some few of 'em did yet raised no disturbance on the account of his Ejectment but remained at Ierusalem a Member of the Church and peaceably communicated with his Successor in the Offices of the Temple and the Sacrifices made to God Iesus the son of Damneus was the onely High-priest that expressed his Resentments with any thing of undecency Of him 't is related by Iosephus that when he was deposed his Resentment was such that it caused a great Animosity between him and his Successor to that degree that both going guarded by a company of audacious young men they themselves not onely proceeded to publick Revilings but their Attendants likewise threw Stones at one another This Iesus did as is manifest not for any thing of Conscience but purely through Ambition and Regret for he himself had been promoted to the High-priesthood when another had been as unjustly deposed § 9. I must not forget to mention that in the time of the Wars with the Romans that wicked and seditious Party who called themselves the Zealots having fortified themselves in the Temple and excluded Matthias the High-priest together with all the true Patriots who were by far the majority chose by lot one Phannias a wretched Country-fellow for High-priest pretending though falsly that that was the ancient method of Election and that therefore Matthias was not regularly constituted This was highly resented and very deservedly by all the orderly Party both the Priests and the People were extremely provoked at so daring an Extravagance How extremely flagitious and wicked those Zealots were who took upon 'em to tyrannize and exclude Matthias and the much major part of the People we may learn from Iosephus throughout his whole History of the Iewish Wars and how highly all ●resented that audacious Fact of theirs in pretending of themselves to elect ● High-priest and such a one too as was altogether unworthy the same Author largely relates So great an Impiety says he was to them a mere Sport and