Selected quad for the lemma: honour_n
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A37482
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The present state of London: or, Memorials comprehending a full and succinct account of the ancient and modern state thereof. By Tho. De-Laune, Gent
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De Laune, Thomas, d. 1685.
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1681
(1681)
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Wing D894; ESTC R216338
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233,231
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489
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Chamberlain of His Maiesties Houshold or by the Clerk of the Check In this Tower is kept the Office of His Majesties Ordnance the standing and grand Magazine of the principal Preparatives Habiliments Utensils and Instruments of War by Sea and Land It is under the Government in chief of the Master of the Ordnance by whom it is committed to principal Officers as a Lieutenant who in the absence of the Master of the Ordnance imparts all Orders and Warrants directed to the Office and is to see them duely executed and to give Order for the discharging great Ordnance when required at Triumphs Festivals c. As also to see the Train of Artillery and all its Equipage fitted for motion upon any occasion The Surveyor is to survey all the Stores and Ordnance to allow Bills of Debt and see that all Provision be good c. The Clerk of the Ordnance Records all Orders and Instructions for the Government of the Office and Patents Grants Names of Officers c. Draw Estimates of Provision and supplys Letters Contracts c. Make all Bills of Imprest and Debentures Keep Journals and Liegers of Receipts and Returns of Stores The Store-keeper takes into his charge the Munitions and Stores and is to look that the Store-houses be kept in due Repair The Clerk of the Deliveries is to draw all Proportions for Deliveries of any Stores or Provisions and to be present at the Delivery There are other Patent Officers as the Master-Gunner of England the Keeper of the small Guns a principal Engineer with divers inferior Attendants and Artificers which for brevity we omit In the Tower is also the Office of Warden of the Mint where is Coined all the Bullion that is minted in England The chief Officer is the Warder of the Mint who receives all the Silver and Gold brought in by Merchants Goldsmiths or others and pays them for it Then the Master-Worker who causes the Bullion to be melted delivers it to the Moneyers and when minted receives it again from them The Comptroller who is to see that all the Money be made according to the just Assize c. The Assay-Master weighs the Bullion and is to see that it be according to the Standard The Auditor passes all Accompts The Surveyor of the Melting is to see the Bullion cast out and not to be altered after it is delivered to the Melter There are several other inferior Officers c. As for the Money c. See the Present State of England p. 10. The first Gold that was Coined in the Tower was in the Reign of Edward III. and the Pieces were called Florences of the value of 6 s. 8 d. All great Sums before were used to be paid by the Weight as so many Pounds or Marks of Silver or Gold but not stampt Lesser Payments in Starlings probably because there was a Star stamped upon them and were called Pence nor can we read of them before the Reign of Henry II. In this Tower only is the Brake or Rack usually called The Duke of Exeter ' s Daughter because he was the first Inventer of it So much of the Tower of London Besides the Towers on the Bridge which have suffered by the Accidents of Fire Antiquaries speak of two Castles that were on the West-part of London one the Castle of Monfiquet built by a Baron of that Name that came over with the Conqueror but since demolished and the Black-Fryars risen out of the Ruines of it The second is Baynard's Castle by Paul's Wharf built by one Baynard who came hither likewise with the Conqueror who being Ennobled the Honour succeeded from Father to Son a long time till it came to Robert Fitz-water a brave and valiant Knight who falling into the displeasure of King John was banished and the Castle ruined but recovering his favor by a notable Combat he perform'd in France against an English Knight Fitz-water being on the French side he was re-invested in his Possessions and so repaired the Castle again He was made chief Bannerer or Banner-bearer of London what his Office was and the Solemnity about it is to be seen in Stowes Survey of London in the Chapter of Towers and Castles When thiâ— Honour fell from the Fitz-Waters or Baynard Castle is uncertain Henry VII repaired this Castle and Queen Mary was proclaimed there We reaâ— of a Tower that stood where Bridewell now stands and a Royal Palace where our Kings kept theâ— Courts and summon'd Parliaments A great parâ— of this on the West-side was given to the Bishop 〈◊〉 Salisbury and thence is derived the Name of Salisbury-Court The Eastern-part was waste till Hen. 〈◊〉 built a stately Palace there and call'd it Bridewelâ— where the Emperor Charles V. was most magnificently entertained Anno 1522. There was a Tower call'd the Royal Tower iâ— the Parish of St. Michael de Pater Noster wherâ— King Stephen kept his Court afterwards call'd Thâ— Queens Wardrobe There was another at Bucklerâ—bury called Serns Tower where King Edward II kept his Court and his Exchange of Money Barbican was likewise another Tower where thâ— City Centinels were wont to Watch but demolisheâ— by King Henry III. Anno 1227. after he was râ—â—conciled to the Barons Sect. 2. Of its Churches and Monuments THE Number of Parish-Churches besides Chapels within the Weekly Bills of Mortality is 132 twice more than any City in Christendom can shew The Cathedral of which is dedicated to the Apostle St. PAVL and the onely Cathedral of that Name in Europe It was founded by Aethelbert King of Kent Anno 610. under whom Segbert a Saxon Reigned in this Tract of Ground in a place where stood a Temple of Diana and afterwards did endow it with Lands and Privileges so did afterwards Athelstan Edgar and Eward the Confessor It was much enlarged by Erkenwald the Fourth Saxon Bishop thereof And being almost destroyed by Fire Anno 1078. Mauritius another of its Bishops began the Foundation of this magnificent Pile and went on about 20 years but the Quire and Tower were not finished till Anno 1221. As to other Casualties we refer you to the Chapter that treats of Fires As to its Dimensions the length of it according to Stow was 240 Taylors Yards or 720 Foot the Breadth 130 Foot the Heighth of the Steeple 520 Foot whereof the Stone Work was 260 and the Spire 260 Foot The Length of it according to others was 690 Foot that is 20 Foot more than St. Peters at Rome It stood upon so much Ground as contained above three Acres and an half Upon the Spire of Timber was a Bowl of Copper Gilt 9 Foot and 1 Inch in compass whereon stood the Cross 15 Foot and an half high and very near 6 Foot across made of Oak covered with Lead and another Cover of Copper over the Lead Above all stood the Eagle or Cock of Copper Gilt 4 Foot long and the Breadth of the Wings 3 Foot and an half It was built in Form of a Cross
Pedigrees and Coats of Arms. They were made a College or Corporation by Charter of King Richard the III. and by him had several Priviledges granted unto them as to be free from Subsidies Tolls and all troublesom Offices of the Kingdom Another Charter of Priviledges was granted unto the Society by King Edward the VI in the Third year of his Reign Of this Collegiate Society are three stiled Kings at Arms six called Heralds and four Pursuivants at Arms. The first and principal among the Kings at Arms is called Garter Instituted by King Henry the fifth whose Office as was said in the Section wherein the King's Court is treated of is to attend the Knights of the Garter at their Solemnities and to Marshal the Solemnities at the Funerals of the higher Nobility of England to advertise those that are chosen of their New Election to call on them to be Instalâ—ed at Windsor to cause their Arms to be hung up upon their Seats there to Carry the Garter to Kings and Princes beyond Seas for which purpose he was want to be joyn'd in Commission with some principal Peer of the Realm c. The next is Clarencieux so called from the Duke of Clarence to whom he first belonged For Lionel Third Son to Edward the Third Marrying the Daughter and Heir of the Earl of Vlster in Ireland had with her the honour of Clare in Thomond whereupon he was afterwards Created Duke of Clarence or the Territory about Clare which Dukedom Escheating to King Edward the Fourth by the Death of his Brother George Duke of Clarence he made this Herald who properly belonged to that Duke a King at Arms and named him Clarencieux in French and Clarentius in Latine His Office is to Marshal and dispose the Funerals of the Lower Nobility as Baronets Knights Esquires and Gentlemen on the South-side of Trent and therefore sometimes called Surroy or Southroy The Third King at Arms is Norroy or Northroy whose Office is to do the like on all the North-side of Trent These two are called Provincial Heralds England being divided by them into two Provinces These by Charter have power to visit Noblemens Families to set down their Pedigrees to distinguish their Arms to appoint men their Arms on Ensigns and with Garter to Direct the Heralds The Six Heralds antiently belonging properly to Dukes have been called Dukes at Arms and are thus called and Ranked 1. Windsor 2. Richmond 3. Chester 4. Somerset 5. York 6. Lancaster who now wait at Court attend Publick Solemnities Proclaim War and Peace c. Of these Heralds there are at present but Four who are named Rouge-Cross Rouge-Dragon Portcullice and Blew-mantle from such Badges heretofore worn by them as it is thought The Service of the whole College is used in Marshalling and ordering Coronations Marriages Christnings Funerals Interviews Feasts of Kings and Princes Cavalcades Shews Justs Tournaments Combats before the Constable and Marshal c. to take care of the Coats of Arms of the Genealogies of the Nobility and Gentry and whatsoever concerns Honour They all receive yearly Sallaries out of the Exchequer and are to be Gentlemen at least The Six Heralds are Expâ—esly made Esquires by the King when they are Created which is now done by the Earl-Marshal who hath a special Commission for every particular Creation which anciently was performed by the King himself For the Creating and Crowning Garter King at Arms there are provided a Sword and Book whereon to take a Solemn Oath then a Gilt Crown a Collar of SS's a Bowl of Wine which Bowl is the Fee of the New Created King also a Coat of Arms of Velvet richly Embroidered He is thus Created First he kneels down before the Earl-Marshal and laying his hand on the Book and Sword another King at Arms reads the Oath which being taken and the Book and Sword the Letters Patents of his Office are read during which the Earl-Marshal pours the Wine on his head giving him the Name of Garter then puts on him the Coat of Arms and Collar of SS's and the Crown on his head His Oath is To obey the Supream Head of the Most Noble Order of the Garter and then the Noble Knights of that Order in such things as appertain to his Office to inquire diligently what Notable or Noble Acts are performed by every Knight of the Order and certifie the same to the Register of the Order that he may Record it and to give Notice to the King and the Knights of the Order of the Death of any of that Society To have an exact knowledge of all the Nobility to instruct Heralds and Pursuivants in doubts concerning Arms and to eschew and avoid all persons of ill reputation to be more ready to excuse then to blame any Noble person unless called by Authority to Witness against them c. This Officer hath a Double Sallary that is twice as much as the other two Kings he hath Fees at Instalments yearly Wages given by the Knights of the Garter and their uppermost Garment when Installed c. The two Provincial Kings at Arms Clarencieux and Norroy are Created by Letters Patents a Book a Sword c. as Garter and with almost the same Ceremonies A Herald at Arms is Created with the like Ceremony but his Coat of Arms is to be Satin imbroidered richly with Gold he is brought in by two Heralds as a King at Arms is by two Kings at Arms. They take a Solemn Oath to be true to the King to be serviceable to Gentlemen to keep Secrets of Knights Esquires Ladies and Gentlewomen to assist distressed Gentlemen and Gentlewomen Widows and Virgins to avoid Taverns Dicing and Whore-Houses c. The Pursuivants at Arms are Created likewise by Letters Patents a Book a Bowl of Wine and a Coat of Arms of Damask and to be brought in as the Heralds before the Earl-Marshal or his Deputy to Swear Solemnly to be true to the King to be serviceable to all Christians to be Secret and Sober more ready to commend than to blame to be humble lowly c. This College felt the fury of the great Fire but is since very beautifully re-built by the Members and the bountiful contribution of Honourable Persons Here are always Officers waiting to satisfie Comers touching Descents Pedigrees Coats of Arms c. These Officers are the King 's Sworn Servants of which see the fourth Section of the third Chapter where we treated of the King 's Court. Inns of Courts The Colleges of Municipal or Common-Law-Professors and Students are Fourteen which may be not unfitly stiled an Vniversity where the Students of the Law and Practitioners thereof live not of common Stipends but by their Places or Practice or their own Proper Revenues or their Friend Exhibition for they are most commonly Gentlemen by Descent and it was the command of King James that none but such should be admitted because others may be prone to debase the honour of the Law and play tricks whereas the