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A84170 The state of France, as it stood in the IXth yeer of this present monarch, Lewis XIIII. Written to a friend by J.E. Evelyn, John, 1620-1706. 1652 (1652) Wing E3514; Thomason E1328_2; ESTC R209097 48,352 165

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and more noble Regions so in anatomising the Kingdom of France which consists of a Body Politick I will commence with the Head that is the King The Kings of France absolute since Lewis the 11. his saying whom here I may call as Absolute since Lewis the Eleventh hath so long since to use his own expression put them hors de page that is freed them from that grand authority which till his time the Parliament indeed exercised over them so that now the same reason which moved the late kings to depose or translate Saint Denys their ancient Patron S Denys the patron of F. deposed to gratifie the B. Virgin and to put his Kingdome formally under the protection of the blessed Virgin is esteemed good reason For with these words of course the Secretary it seems concluded the Arrest whereby it was conferred which gave many occasion to reproach it and sufficient Logick for all his present Commands whatsoever Car tel est nostre bon plaisir for such is our good will and pleasure Sic volo sic jubeo Stat pro Ratione Voluntas For so we will so we command Our will do's for our Reason stand The Monarchy of France from a Democratick state was founded Anno The Monarchy of Fr. when founded 420. and hath continued it self under three severall Races viz. of Meroüese cont nued under three Races Charle mayn son of Pepin and lastly Hue-capet from whom this Royal house of Bourbon derives its succession branched from Robert Earle of Clermont fourth son of Saint Lewis so that the King at present Reigning is the sixty fifth Monarch of France without that any of the Feminine Sex hath ordinarily intervened no woman intervening as they affirm at least From the Salick law being a meer pretence to invalidate the title of England from a very inveterate Law which they intitle the Salique being indeed but a meer Romance of their own feigning a piece of legier de main by which they have so long pretended with the great shadow of Justice to elude and invalidate the title of our former and ancient Kings of England as to succession in the right of their Mothers and Wives Touching that other Legend of their Sainte Ampoule as well as their Sainte Ampoule which in the time of Cloüis first Christian King of France was as they give out brought by an Angel from Heaven reserved at Rhemes for the Royal Chrisme we will give it leave to passe as a vulgar yet not impolitick errour or impertinent tradition The Daughters of Fr. sometimes married to private persons yet reserve their Titles and Surnanes however by the device aforesaid the Daughters succeed not to the Crowne some of them having oftentimes martied themselves unto private men but still reserved their Titles together with the Surname of France which it seems is an honour permitted them during life to shew from what stock they originally derived And the Queens admitted to the Regency during the minority of the Kings Notwithstanding this the Queens of France are usually admitted to the Regency during the Minority of the King which is at the age of fourteen years in choative until which term they with their counsell administer the publick Affairs of State without equall or Controule Concerning the Title or adjunct of the Kings of France The title of the F. Kings which is most Christian and eldest son of the Church they make no smal boasts for not having been a complement as they name it sent them from Rome as were those of other Kings but descended time out of Mind from their own vertue merits and Piety The Eldest son of France is during the life of his Father of his eldest son called the Dauphin from a stipulation as it seems made with Vmbert who bequeathed that Province conditionally to Philip de Valois To speak something particularly of this little-great Monarch Lewis the fourteenth born Sept. Birth and Character of the present King 5. 1638 after the Queen his Mother had been above twenty yeers without Issue as his production was almost miraculous not to repeate here any bold disquisitions with those who give themselves a liberty in these days to speak evil of dignities so is his person a Character doubtless of no lesse Majesty and fair hopes and certainly if his Education be fitted to the prognosticks of his Nature he cannot but emerge a Prince of singular Qualities and egregious perfections This I am willing to adde from that Mechanick and Artificial breeding Artifice of the French Queen and publick ministers in the are kings Education which men conceive some of his progenitors and neerest relation received that so not being altogether so dextrous and knowing in King-craft as their high calling required they might with less suspicion and more ease suffer themselves to be governed by the counsels and inclinations of such whose mystery and ambition it hath ever been to continue by this means their Greatnesse and reinforce their Authority This present King hath one onely Brother Duke of Anjou his Character who is called the Duke of Anjou but more frequently distinguished by the name of Monsieur a child of an extraordinary prompt and ready spirit The other principall branches of this Royall Family Duke of Orleans his character are in the first place Gaston Jean Baptist the Kings Vncle and Duke of Orleans Lieutenant General of the K. and Governor of Languedoc the same who during so many years as his Brother was without off-spring had those fair hopes of a Crown which however his merit and abilities for such a jewel be commonly disputed to his no great advantage certainly there is no man alive in competition with him for his exquisite skill in Medailes Topical memory and extraordinary knowledge in Plants in both which faculties the most reputed Antiquaries greatest Botanists do and that with reason acknowledg him both their Prince and superiour The Eldest daughter of this Duke is Anne Marie D'orleans Mademoiselle her character particularly called Mademoiselle Sans queüe per eminentiam as being the first in praeeminence and after the Queen greatest Lady in France to give whom the Epithetes of her great worth were to spoile all her sex of their Praises and make her as much envied as she is indeed justly to be admired The next in Blood and Ranke is Loüis de Bourbon the Prince of Condy Prince of Condy his descent and haracter the son of Henry de Bourbon who to so little purpose was yet so miraculously saved in the last bloudy and inhumane Parisian Massacre This Prince is Grand Maistre of France Governour of Bourgongne and Bery descended by a direct line masculine of Francois de Bourbon second brother of Antonee of Bourbon Earle of Marle afterwards Duke of Vandosme and King of Navarr the Father of Henry the Great and of Charlot Catherine de la Trimoüille his second Wife A Prince whose