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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40439	The life of Dom John de Castro, the fourth vice-roy of India wherein are seen the Portuguese's voyages to the East-Indies, their discoveries and conquests there, the form of government, commerce, and discipline of warr in the east, and the topography of all India and China : containing also a particular relation of the most famous siege of Dio, with a map to illustrate it / by Jacinto Freire de Andrada, written in Portuguese ; and by Sr Peter Wyche, Kt., translated into English.; Vida de Dom João de Castro, quarto viso-rey da India. English	Freire de Andrade, Jacinto, 1597-1657.; Wyche, Peter, Sir, 1628-1699?	1663 (1663)	Wing F2155; ESTC R7129	235,174	319

great Bravery The Turk with the shock fell to the ground but rising again without loss of his judgment laid hold on his Semitar and went after Dom Diogo who though he lost not his Saddle was for a while with the force of the Blow dis-inabled but coming again to himself the second time charg'd the Turk and though two Souldiers endeavoured to rescue him left him with many Wounds measuring the ground 67. The other Commanders though with difficulty crost the River put upon 't by the Governours example whom they saw engag'd with the Enemy and was more envy'd then obey'd by his own Souldiers who scattered and disordered some cautious others heady cast themselves into the River but when all his men were over he so Vigorously charg'd the Enemy as not able to endure the shock of the Battail he gave ground The Governour sparing no accident favourable to his Fortune so prest the Moors grown fearfull and out of order as in a little time to Rivet the Victory Few of ours Dy'd the Wounded were more the Slaughter was great amongst the Moors and greater in the Chase then Fight for our men making no Prisoners did with the same stroke take off those who resisted or yielded Dom Alvaro de Castro by Commanding and Fighting never more appear'd the Son of such a Father then in this Action The other Gentlemen and Cavalliers so equally behav'd themselves in their Courage as not one deserv'd to be nam'd second By the calling on Saint Thomas and on his Day was this Battail won who gave the Eastern Catholicks an eminent proof of his Patronage This so memorable Defeat is yet so many years afterwards sung by the young Ladies of Goa who in the easiness of unforc't Verses have invented Praise without artifice or flattery 68. The Governour disbanded his men and went to rest himself at Pangim excusing keeping Christmas at Goa in a just contempt of Palmes and martial Triumpes since his Name was now in the Vogue of the World above all other applause here he dispatch't the Ships of Burden which were to go for the Kingdome on which went Dom Iohn Mascarenhas a Man more constant in the difficulties of Asia then in the adversities of his Native Country he was receiv'd by the King and Nobility with extraordinary honours yet were not his Rewards answerable to his Services He was of the Council of State to the King Dom Sebastion afterwards one of the Governours of the Kingdome He Marry'd Dona Elena Daughter to Dom Iohn de Castellbranco by whom he left a most Renown'd and Loyal Posterity 69. Dom Iohn de Castro thought not Hidalcaon yet sufficiently Curb'd by our Arms and resolv'd with a sharper Warr to bring him under He secur'd with a strong Garrison the Territories of Salsete leaving there Dom Diogo de Almeyda with six score Horse and one thousand Foot of the place and ordered some Ships to lye in the Rivers of Rachol to defend the Neighbouring Villages the Labourers having quitted the grounds seeing their Dominion by the fickleness of Warr casual and uncertain The Governour also understanding how easie it was to pull down a declining Kingdome carry'd on the Warr against Hidalcaon desiring the States Rivals might take warning by his Punishment He embark't those Souldiers he had always in readiness by being their Companion in dangers and Father in difficulties and setting Sail went along all Hidalcaon's Coast which he so impartially Destroy'd as not to leave one place to comfort an others miseries none was freed by their resistance some by their distance 70. There was another Dabul call'd the upper two Leagues from the Shore which by its strength and distance was the Rich depository of a great many Estates but the protection of the In-land was not sufficient to exempt it from the Fortune of the rest for the Goververnour march't to it giving the first danger of the Van-guard to his Son Dom Alvaro these were the favours of that Father and those times who coming to the place found the Moors had secur'd their Persons and Estates in the Mountain nothing being left to recommend the Victory what was serv'd only for Destruction for the Buildings which could be no Booty pay'd for t by their Ruine The Mosques and Temples were thrown to the ground and the Idols broke and prostrate our Anger not differencing stone from stone and the Moors and Pagans bewail'd with the same tears their Gods and own miseries The fury of our Arms went to the Desolating the Campagnia destroying the Flocks and Groves of Palmes that the Warr might be attended by Famine a Sword not to be scap't by Flight or Resistance All was in fine so wasted as the difference between the Villages and Campagnia was not by the sight but memory 71. The Governour retreated to Bacaim whence he design'd his Arms for the Warr of Cambaya setting forth some Vessels to Endammage all that Coast and make Prize of the Meca Fleet which came to an Anchor in the Ports of that Bay this was happily perform'd by Dom Antonio de Noronha and Dom Iorge Baroche who by their Prizes and Victories rais'd the States strength and reputation our Arms in Castro's time being so fear'd or respected that most of the Princes of Asia Borderers and Remote became to defend or secure their Kingdoms with the protection of our Forces by voluntary Obedience the States Tributaries of this truth the Kings of Campar and Caxem were no sleight Arguments 72. Our Chronicles and Forein with greater amasement relate that famous Seige of Dio held out by Antonio da Sylveira by whom the Turks Arms in India receiv'd the first or greatest Baffle Their General in this expedition was Rax Solimon who after the loss of a great part of his Armado in the Siege for fear of our Ships at Anchor in the Port retir'd Flying and left on Shore his Baggage and Wounded and seeing he could not atchieve what he promis'd his Master whose Pride and Imperiousness us'd not to receive satisfaction for miscarriages or misfortunes ventured rather then his Head his Loyalty He went into the Port of Adem under Colour of Friendship where the King sent to Visit him with Regallios and Refreshments from Shore but was cautious and vigilant to preserve the City for the Bashaw's Force and Loyalty was suspitious The Turk who saw his Treason fear'd or discovered design'd to surprise the City by Scaling but was afraid of the Fortress of the place and Courage of the Arabians and on that had Recourse to an other Stratagem more base and more secure which was to excuse himself to the King for not coming into the City in fear to lose the favourable Wind that he desir'd to see him on Board for he was to communicate to him some business from the Grand Signior to the great advantage of his Kingdome The poor King facil or credulous in the good

Causes for vvhich 't was fit to appease the Prophet He immediately commanded the bringing forth of a Banner vvhich had in it the Picture of Mahomet and that the Army vvith that should go so many times in Procession about the Mosque and vvith other barbarous and ridiculous Expiation should appease and reconcile Mahomed whose displeasure retarded their Victory Fernaon Carvalho Commander of the vvork toward the Sea saw the Army that night go in Procession vvith great store of Lights and by times heard Noise and Clamours which presently ended in a suddain silence again bursting forth into Groans of a confus'd multitude their Sighs and Out-crys were seconded by Instruments of VVarr and in this Superstitious vanity vvere many hours of the Night entertained Fernaon Carvalho was troubled at the strangeness and could not guess for what it was but acquainted Dom Iohn Mascarenhas with what he saw who guest it a preparation for an assault abetted by some Barbarous ceremony and Superstitious rite with vvhich they hop't to reconcile the anger of their false Prophet 73. The Commander in Chief made ready for this second storm of the Enemy finding in such shattered Forces all his Souldiers heart-whole the Wounded and Sick quitted their Beds and Cures more eager to go upon Dangers then recover their Health Dom Iohn Mascarenhas with Courage and Judgment ordered and dispos'd what was necessary for their defence Day-light was hardly broke when the Enemy appear'd before the Fortress with Clamours and dolefull Noises which by the sounding of Warlike instruments were in the silence of the Night made more Dreadfull The Army came up divided into three Squadrons and had carry'd before 'em amongst the rest a Ba●ner in which was the Image of their Prophet that both Religion and their King's honour might animate them at the same time they fell upon Saint Iohns and Saint Thomas's work and Pecanha's Guard with so much sury as they neither saw or fear'd danger but were by ours so receiv'd as they were with more haste forc't back then they came in to the Onset many falling down Dead most of 'em Wounded and others burnt by Fire Iuzarcaon and Rumecaon were heard to incite others to Scale the Works who under shelter of the Vollees of Musquets infinite Arrows and other Shouting did go on afresh 'T was here the assault was Kindled in a great deal of heat the Turks earnest to recover their lost Credit were by rage and shame put upon Fighting obstinately getting up through Fire and Sword like men who less valued their Lives then the Victory so as they got to be on the same ground with ours Fighting man to man upon the Work 74. Louis de Sousa Dom Fernando de Castro with the other Gentlemen and Souldiers of their Company did that day give new repute to our Arms so behaving themselves as Rumecaon represented 'em to his men sometimes for their example others as their shame the Turks were continually reliev'd Ours always the same shew'd themselves as stout against the last as first the Fight grew hot every where of the Enemies a great many were Kill'd and VVounded yet did their rage or anger either hide or slight the loss for on the Body of him who fell did an other plant himself to fling his Lance or Fight more firmly the heat and impatience of Victory inventing new Subtilties or never heard of Cruelties 75. They at last entred Saint Thomas's work which for a good while they kept as some fell others coming in their place 'T was here the fury of the Enemy was great as well as their Slaughter Dom Francisco and Dom Pedro de Almeydo shew'd themselves Brothers as well by their Soutness as Blood withstanding the shock of so many Enemies all the time of the assault 76. The Turks of Rumecaon's Division fought with ours Body to Body upon equality of ground and advantage of numbers the danger heightning our Courage Few of those who entred the work got off Alive but having this Door open towards Victory they endeavour'd though with eminent danger to keep it so This being the first honour the chance of Arms had in the Warr conferr'd on Rumecan he with praises and promises rais'd the pride of the Turks 'T was nois'd amongst ours the work was lost which Alarum whether 't was craft or chance might have lost the Fortress for those who fought in other places almost all forsook their Posts to relieve the work they gave for gone those chiefly who Guarded the Houses toward the Rock came so furiously to the Relief as the rest had time to Breathe who by their Duty and VVounds were now wearied and broken 77. Dom Iohn Mascarenhas went about the Posts assuring them all that the work was yet ours and how Couragiously 't was maintain'd that Rumecaon stood looking on the Slaughter of his men who cast themselves weltring in their Blood from the VVall and by their fall made sure of their Deaths The Storming continu'd and on both sides Death and Wounds seem'd to add to their Courage and Bravery which Iuzarcaon observing and believing those few Defendants the Fortress had were employ'd in those Bastions vvhich vvere attaqu'd leaving the Battail vvith some Souldiers surrounded the Wall and coming to the Fause-bray vvhich vvithout art Nature had made defensable by the height and cragginess of the Rock on vvhich too the Sea beat seeing it unguarded vvithout either Souldiers or Watch guest that the situation made us secure of it and sending for a Senjack with a hundred Turks and scaling Ladders they begun to Scale there without being either seen or resisted for the Souldiers who had the Guard there upon the news Saint Thomas's vvork vvas lost quitting the Post they kept vvith more Courage then Discipline vvent to relieve it 78. The Turks boldly clim'd the Rock making their way to some Houses joyning to Saint Iames's Church which gave them passage to a Gallery where they planted Ladders for others to come up by Iuzarcaon stood without encouraging 'em believing he had stole both the Honour and Victory from Rumecaon The Turks won those Houses and were going down into the Fortress and one of 'em more resolute or diligent than the rest went into a Marry'd womans House and asking Money of her to save her Life the poor Woman surpriz'd with fear made as if she went forth to procure it and going into her Neighbours told her in a fright the danger they were in this startled at the News acquainted an other who with Manly prudence and courage took up a Sphear and going to the House where the Turks where saw one of 'em at Door watching how things went abroad and coming up to him laying on with her Sphear forc't him to retire within the Doors with so much Mastery of her judgment in the danger she was in as she had the Caution to lock the Door and the Courage to wait on the Turks and hinder their coming forth

Fame as the most considerable part of that reward they were to look for VVe lost in that assault seven Souldiers and had thirty VVounded on the Moors side the Dead were above one thousand and the Wounded neer two 85. Dom Iohn Mascarenhas after ordering the Burial of the Dead and the looking to the Wounded in which he spar'd no Care and less his Estate which he profusedly spent without keeping account did by a Brigantine send the Governour word how things stood and of his want of Men Ammunition and Provisions Sebastion de Sa at the instance of the Commander in Chief and Friends went on the Vessel though with these words in his mouth that only on the work where he was VVounded could he recover his Health which every one desir'd he should preserve because his Actions in that Siege deserv'd no little Fame and a much longer Life He recovered Bacaim when his Vessel was almost sunk was received and entertain'd by Dom Ieronymo de Menezes Captain of the Fortress there who presently dispatch't the Letters to the Governour with what advice he had from Dom Iohn Mascarenhas 86. Dom Iohn de Castro was at that time very Sollicitous how things went at Dio because the Winter kept him from having any News or sending any Relief yet did he without sparing Cost or Danger even under the VVaves succour it vvhen most streightned with Men and Ammunition as will be immediately seen by the History He had with an intention to go in Person to raise the Siege at Dio made march the whole strength of India and the success seem'd as it would answer the design for the Kings of India made him very honourable Offers and the Gentlemen and Souldiers presented themselves without Pay or Reward 87. About that time vvhich vvas the beginning of Iuly arriv'd at the Barr of Goa the Ship Holy Ghost Captain Diogo Rebello she had been of the Governours Conserve and by bad vveather had VVintred in Melinde and though she came vvith some of her men Sick the Air of the Land the Governours care and the excess of joy for the business of Dio made them in a little time recover their health Dom Iohn de Castro vvas glad of so seasonable a Relief to encrease the Fleet yet came no News from the Fortress vvhich the people construed to be an Argument of some ill success when arriv'd the Letters sent by the Vicar by vvhich the Governour understood the straightness of the Siege the strength of the Enemy and the vvant Ours vvere in of Men and Provisions and the time rather requiring Execution then Counsel he resolv'd vvith part of the Fleet to send away his Son Dom Alvaro de Castro against the opinion of the Mariners vvho in the beginning of the VVinter counted the attempt too hazardous Yet Dom Iohn de Castro would not be Over-rul'd by the love of a Son or the apprehensions of the Season but resolv'd upon sending Relief vvhich being known by the Souldiers and Gentlemen they came to offer themselves even those vvho by their Years and Command vvere exempted of their number vvas Dom Francisco de Menezes vvho after having had great Commands offered as a common Souldier to go vvith the Relief the Governour took him in his Arms desiring him to stay to go on the Fleet vvith him but seeing him resolute to go in that Succour gave him seven Ships vvith them to try to make his passage Dom Francisco put vvith them to Sea and vvith him vvere a great many brave Souldiers and some of his Kindred vvho out of love to Honour bore him Company 88. Three days after departed Dom Alvaro reconcil'd to his Father upon his complaint that he had sent before him his Brother Dom Fernando as if by Birth-right he claim'd the first dangers There Embark't on this Relief a great part of the Nobility whom the pleasure of the design and the company of the General made to undervalew the ●urks and Storms The Governour gave his Son his blessing and put him on Board with great tenderness from the people for offering up his Sons for his Country toward vvhich then toward his own Blood he shew'd himself a more indulgent Father The Governour having given his Son some private Instructions commanded him though by his General-ship otherwise dispens't to obey Dom Iohn Mascarenhas and so writ him word Dom Iohn de Castro having always a true Value for other mens Merits The Ships of the Fleet were Nineteen whose Commanders were Dom lorge de Menezes Dom Duarte de Menezes Son to the Count of Feira Luis de Mello de Mendoca and his Brother Iorge de Mendoca Dom Antonio de Attayde Garcia Rodriguez de Tavora Lopo de Sousa Nuno Pereira de Lacerda Athanasio de Freire Pero de Attayde de Inferno Dom Iohn de Attayde Bathasar de Sylva Dom Duarte Deca Antonio de So Belchior de Moniz Lopo Voz Coutinho Francisco Tavarez and Francisco Guilherme 89. The Governour having dispatch't this Fleet was busie in preparing for that himself resolv'd to go upon laying out for Provisions and Money which he took up upon his Credit the only Treasure he kept by him in India with which he Commanded the Hearts and Estates of all men as we shall prove by the visible Arguments of example 90. The Ladies and Maids of Chaul possest by the same generous Spirit contributed all the Jewels and Gold they wore and with a Liberality above VVomen without either obligation or asking sent 'em to the Governour and with 'em word that they had less tenderness then envy for their Children and Husbands who went with him We read not in the Annalls of the Cesars a braver Action of the Roman Ladies 91. When the present came there was accidentally in Goa a Lady of Chaul by name Catherina de Sousa who putting all the Jewels she had in a little Box with this Letter sent 'em to the Governour Sir Knowing the Women of Chaul have presented your Honour with all their Jewels for the carrying on this Warr though I am now in Goa I would not be without my share of that honour which belongs to me as one of that place I send your Honour my Jewels by my Daughter Katherine Guess not by the smallness of their number how many may be in Chaul for I assure you I am she who have the fewest having divided 'em amongst my Daughters and your Honour may believe that the Jewels of Chaul alone without being Exhausted are sufficient for ten years to continue the Warr. The favour I begg of your Honour is presently to spend mine in Alvaro's expedition because I hope by the intercession of our Lady he will get such signal Victories as will excuse your Honour's Voyage and Trouble this I begg in my Prayers and that our Lady by Hers will so add to your Honour's Life as you may return into Portugall to the presence of your

Lady-wife and Daughters Dated in Goa at my Daughter Maria's House this Eleventh of Iuly I would were there need of it for your Honour's Service pawn my Daughter Katherine I know not whether their love to their Country or their a●fection to the Governour produc't these extreams We have seen as much necessity for it but not so great Bravery as in Castro's time Many Gentlemen after having been Generals and now Old men leaning upon Staffs came and offer'd themselves for Souldiers there not being any one grown stiff by his Years or Command 92. After both Reliefs were gone the Governour was uniting the strengths which remain'd and disposing the Government of the City in his absence All the Exigencies of the State found him ready with one hand in Peace the other in Warr. And the Fortress wanting Ammunition and Provision besides what was already sent he Laded a great Carvell which being a heavy Vessel would have much ado to endure the Sea Some Souldiers had refus'd to go upon her counting it danger without reputation to strive with the Elements The importance of the business made him desire to entrust the Carvell with some Person of Quality whose honour would lessen the danger He imparted the business to Manoel de Sousa de Sepulveda a Gentleman for his Courage and Judgment very much indear'd to him who told him Antonio Moniz Baretto had Gallantry and Industry enough for greater things that though for some sleight Quarrel against him as Governour he would not sue for yet would he not deny the King's Service in so great an urgency that he would feel him and bring the answer of his Resolution So it was that Antonio Moniz understanding the Governours pleasure and that he put him on a Voyage whose difficulty only made others refuse it presently embrac't it We will in its proper place tell the success and danger he met with 93. There was by the Vigilancy of the Governour entred some Relief into the Fortress by which the Danger and Duty lay upon more Shoulders yet were they not in any proportion to the Enemy because the last Recruit which came to the Army consisted of thirteen thousand Foot under the Conduct of an other Iuzarcaon in Valour not Inferiour nor in Fortune ●ove the first He brought express Orders from the Sultan to streighten the Siege and Letters from him to Rumecaon that he could not stand by and see four contemptible Fellows from the Worlds end affront the Kings of Cambaya at home that they should all Dye in the design that he had rather have a desolate then a subjected Empire that half the Portuguese being already Buried in the ruins of the Fortress if they could not force 'em to yield as Men they should as Lyons kill 'em in their Dens Rumecaon gave no other answer then by shewing sometimes for his glory sometimes for his excuse our Walls and Works every where thrown down being very much transported that the Sultan was not satisfy'd with what he had done and more provok't with despair then reward he promis'd to satisfie him by Death or Victory and being more obey'd for his Cruelty then Command he ordered the making of a Bastion before Saint Iames's work which was with incredible haste perform'd and furnish't with Men and Ordnance and commanding our Works our men could not appear without being fech't off by the Enemies Bullets 94. The Commander in Chief was not a little troubled at it for if Rumecaon should as his design was Storm on that side our Defendants would not be able to resist him without lying open to the Enemies shot Resolv'd therefore to throw down the Work he recommends the Execution of it to two Brothers Dom Pedro and Dom Iohn de Almeyda who Sallying out about Mid-night with an hundred Souldiers found the Moors some sleeping others careless on confidence of the place and hour Charging them on a suddain in a little time they made a great Slaughter for forgetting themselves they run upon our Lances and Swords not aware of Death or Enemy Those who by flying could provide for themselves with Groans and Crys gave the Allarum to the Camp without being able to affirm any thin●● for certain In the same confusion came the news to Rumecaon who as dangers by Night appear bigger concluded this Exploit of ours was grounded on some great Recruit arriv'd by stealth which escap'd his Sentinels He call'd the Officers to Counsel whilst the Army betook themselves to their Arms and resolv'd with all his strength to relieve the Bastion He wasted the time of Action in Orders and Preparations and coming to the place found the Work on the ground the Guards kill'd and our men Retir'd an Action of no less fortune then concernment There Dy'd of the Enemy three hundred of our not one 95. Rumecaon presently ordered the raising thick Walls of Earth against Saint Iohn's work to be Guarded by a Troop of Moors who by turns took the Watch and on the top of 'em he planted some Canon to Batter the VVork at a more convenient distance Dom Iohn Mascarenhas Vigilant in preventing the designs of the Enemy put out through a Skit-gate fourteen Souldiers in a stormy and dark Night who charging on a suddain the Moors drove them from their Posts whilst the Labourers with Pick-axes and other Instruments threw down the Work which being told Rumecaon he resolv'd with open force to storm the Fortress ordering for the next day a general Assault on which he made a Speech to his Souldiers encouraging 'em by the affronts they had receiv'd from so few Enemies brought Low by Duty Hunger and VVounds that those who fell there were more honourable then those who surviv'd to be to the VVorld an infamous testimony of an ignominious VVarr that it was in them to save their King's Honour to revenge their Companions and to leave a glorious Fame of themselves in the East that they ought to be confident of the Sultan's thanks for he would not fail to reward 'em and take a particular account of all their VVounds that if any would venture to govern the Generals staff he promis'd as a private Souldier to be the first should Scale the Wall 96. Thus he left 'em fir'd with glory and revenge Next morning by break of Day at the Noise of warlick Instruments and with their Colours flying the Displaying of which was observ'd by ours the Army march't and coming to the Walls began to plant Scaling Ladders round about the Fortress with the advantage of innumerable and different Shots of Arrows Bullets and other Arms which came from the Body of the Army The horrour too of the Fight was increas'd by confus'd and repeated Noises which Violently raising their Spirits and confounding their Judgments hindred both Command and Obedience The Moors boldly Scal'd the Walls as did the Turks on the other side as if they envy'd each others danger all strove to be the first at hazards