from_o the_o weight_n or_o encumbrance_n of_o all_o extraneous_a concernment_n live_v in_o quiet_a and_o repose_v within_o the_o private_a apartment_n or_o withdrawing_n of_o his_o palace_n lama_n be_v adore_v like_o a_o deity_n and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o the_o native_n but_o of_o all_o the_o king_n that_o be_v subject_a unto_o the_o empire_n of_o tartary_n who_o undertake_v voluntary_a journey_n or_o pilgrimage_n unto_o he_o they_o adore_v he_o as_o the_o true_a and_o living_n god_n and_o call_v he_o the_o eternal_a and_o heavenly_a father_n offer_v a_o multitude_n of_o present_n and_o oblation_n to_o he_o he_o sit_v in_o a_o obscure_a chamber_n or_o room_n of_o his_o palace_n adorn_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o render_v resplendent_a by_o the_o multiplicite_a lustre_n of_o flame_a lamp_n in_o a_o lofty_a place_n upon_o a_o couch_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o costly_a tapestry_n unto_o who_o stranger_n at_o their_o approach_n fall_v prostrate_a with_o their_o head_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o kiss_v he_o with_o incredible_a veneration_n which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o that_o which_o be_v perform_v unto_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n so_o that_o hence_o the_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n of_o the_o devil_n may_v easy_o and_o plain_o appear_v who_o by_o his_o innate_a malignity_n and_o hatred_n in_o way_n of_o abuse_n have_v transfer_v as_o he_o have_v do_v all_o the_o other_o mystery_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n the_o veneration_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n the_o only_a vicar_n of_o christ_n on_o earth_n unto_o the_o superstitious_a worship_n of_o barbarous_a people_n the_o castle_n wherein_o the_o great_a lama_n inhabit_v be_v situate_a at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o city_n barantola_n and_o be_v call_v by_o they_o bietala_n a_o draught_n whereof_o be_v express_v in_o the_o sixteen_o figure_n xvii_o and_o xviii_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o necbal_n xix_o a_o northern_a tarstar_n this_o great_a lama_n be_v of_o so_o great_a authority_n throughout_o all_o tartary_n that_o there_o 〈◊〉_d no_o king_n crown_v in_o any_o place_n who_o do_v not_o first_o send_v his_o ambassador_n with_o inestimable_a present_n to_o crave_v his_o benediction_n as_o a_o happy_a omen_n of_o his_o entrance_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n see_v what_o i_o have_v say_v at_o large_a in_o the_o precede_a discourse_n concern_v the_o honour_n confer_v on_o he_o by_o the_o imperial_a monarch_n of_o tartary_n and_o china_n where_o also_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o this_o whole_a superstitious_a worship_n of_o the_o great_a lama_n take_v its_o original_n from_o that_o famous_a presbyte_v john_n who_o have_v his_o residence_n in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o tanchut_n but_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o great_a lama_n they_o see_v also_o strange_a habit_v woman_n at_o barantola_n which_o come_v thither_o out_o of_o the_o adjacent_a kingdom_n of_o coin_n the_o noble_a woman_n braid_v or_o curl_v all_o theiâ—_n hair_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o hairlace_n or_o small_a band_n and_o wreath_n it_o behind_o they_o on_o their_o forehead_n they_o wear_v a_o red_a fillet_n beset_v with_o pearl_n on_o the_o top_n of_o their_o head_n they_o bear_v a_o silver_n crown_n interlace_v with_o turchoise_n and_o coral_n have_v leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o lassa_n or_o barantola_n in_o a_o month_n voyage_n they_o come_v over_o the_o most_o high_a mountain_n langur_n langur_n which_o we_o have_v describe_v a_o little_a before_o unto_o the_o kingdom_n of_o necbal_n where_o they_o find_v nothing_o want_v 〈◊〉_d to_o humane_a sustenance_n nor_o can_v any_o good_a be_v wish_v they_o which_o they_o do_v not_o enjoy_v except_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n for_o they_o be_v all_o involve_a in_o 〈◊〉_d thick_a cloud_n of_o heathenish_a blindness_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n 〈◊〉_d cuthi_n and_o nesti_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o this_o country_n that_o if_o you_o drink_v to_o a_o woman_n the_o other_o man_n or_o woman_n that_o be_v in_o the_o company_n pour_v in_o the_o liquor_n cha_fw-mi or_o 〈◊〉_d wine_n three_o time_n for_o they_o and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o drink_v affix_v three_o piece_n 〈◊〉_d butter_n to_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o pot_n or_o cup_n those_o that_o pledge_n or_o drink_v after_o they_o take_v they_o off_o again_o and_o stick_v they_o upon_o their_o forehead_n the_o king_n of_o necbal_n show_v himself_o extraordinary_a courteous_a to_o our_o father_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o present_a they_o bestow_v on_o he_o which_o be_v a_o perspective-glass_n and_o other_o very_a curious_a mathematical_a instrument_n with_o which_o he_o be_v so_o take_v that_o he_o whole_o determine_v with_o himself_o not_o to_o let_v they_o go_v which_o he_o have_v not_o do_v but_o that_o they_o make_v he_o a_o faithful_a promise_n to_o return_v thither_o again_o which_o if_o they_o perform_v he_o promise_v to_o erect_v a_o house_n for_o their_o use_n and_o exercise_n endow_v with_o most_o ample_a revenue_n and_o also_o to_o grant_v they_o a_o plenary_a power_n to_o introduce_v the_o christian_a law_n into_o his_o kingdom_n depart_v from_o necbal_n they_o come_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o maranga_n which_o be_v enclose_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thebet_n who_o metropolis_n be_v radoc_n the_o utmost_a bind_v of_o the_o voyage_n former_o undertake_v by_o father_n andradas_n where_o they_o find_v many_o mark_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n in_o time_n pass_v there_o plant_v from_o the_o name_n of_o dominick_n francis_n and_o anthony_n by_o which_o the_o man_n be_v call_v from_o hence_o they_o arrive_v at_o that_o first_o city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mogor_n so_o well_o know_v unto_o the_o world_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hedonda_n and_o thence_o they_o come_v to_o battana_n a_o city_n of_o bengala_n situate_v on_o ganges_n thence_o to_o benares_n a_o city_n famous_a for_o a_o academy_n of_o the_o brahmin_n and_o at_o last_o to_o agra_n the_o imperial_a city_n of_o the_o mogor_n where_o father_n albert_n dorville_n break_v with_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o travel_n and_o full_a or_o replenish_v with_o merit_n leave_v this_o terrestrial_a country_n depart_v as_o we_o pious_o believe_v unto_o the_o heavenly_a mansion_n in_o a_o middle_a way_n between_o europe_n and_o china_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o voyage_n attempt_v by_o father_n amatus_fw-la chesaud_n a_o frenchman_n superior_a of_o the_o residency_n of_o isphahan_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o a_o easy_a and_o ready_a passage_n into_o china_n extract_v out_o of_o his_o letter_n write_v in_o the_o persian_a language_n and_o direct_v unto_o father_n athanasius_n kircher_n the_o letter_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n i_o write_v not_o this_o letter_n from_o hispahan_n chesaud_n but_o in_o the_o way_n be_v return_v from_o the_o city_n hairat_fw-la sfahanum_n from_o which_o city_n it_o be_v almost_o a_o year_n since_o i_o depart_v towards_o baich_n which_o be_v the_o regal_a city_n of_o usbeck_n that_o i_o may_v discover_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o possible_a way_n of_o pass_v through_o the_o foresay_a usbeck_n and_o turkestan_n into_o cathay_n and_o hence_o into_o china_n but_o indeed_o as_o i_o come_v hither_o with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o usbeck_n unto_o the_o bound_n of_o kezalbax_n i_o find_v that_o way_n both_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a therefore_o i_o continue_v for_o some_o month_n at_o hairat_n which_o city_n be_v former_o call_v sciandria_n and_o there_o i_o narrow_o view_v the_o place_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v bachtra_n where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a university_n or_o academy_n build_v by_o the_o son_n of_o the_o famous_a tamerlang_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v destroy_v by_o degree_n and_o run_v to_o ruin_n for_o want_v of_o repair_n as_o also_o many_o other_o edifice_n which_o be_v former_o there_o build_v about_o the_o same_o time_n in_o which_o that_o city_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o usbequi_fw-la from_o this_o place_n at_o length_n i_o come_v to_o the_o city_n maxahad_n which_o other_o call_v sancta_fw-la where_o there_o be_v a_o fair_a mesquit_n adorn_v with_o gold_n in_o this_o place_n i_o continue_v two_o month_n and_o here_o dispute_v with_o the_o learned_a of_o who_o there_o be_v many_o about_o the_o law_n and_o i_o find_v that_o albeit_o they_o open_o and_o abroad_o praise_v their_o own_o sect_n yet_o they_o hold_v that_o other_o of_o a_o contrary_a persuasion_n ought_v to_o observe_v the_o king_n law_n their_o time_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o come_v i_o depart_v from_o this_o place_n and_o come_v to_o nixapor_n and_o sabazuar_n which_o belong_v unto_o chorasan_n from_o whence_o i_o pass_v through_o the_o city_n setam_fw-la damgan_n and_o jamnam_fw-la and_o at_o last_o arrive_v at_o kaxanum_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o aracand_n which_o be_v thirty_o farsang_n distant_a from_o sfahanum_n this_o tract_n of_o land_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n barren_a
quarter_n so_o that_o they_o be_v all_o continual_o busy_a about_o weighty_a affair_n but_o the_o number_n and_o good_a order_n of_o the_o officer_n very_o much_o facilitate_v their_o work_n for_o in_o each_o council_n be_v a_o precedent_n who_o they_o call_v ciu_o who_o have_v two_o assistant_n one_o on_o his_o right_a side_n call_v coxilam_n and_o another_o on_o his_o left_a term_v yeuxilam_n these_o three_o both_o at_o court_n and_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n have_v the_o high_a dignity_n except_o those_o who_o sit_v in_o the_o supreme_a council_n call_v colao_n beside_o these_o three_o principal_a councillor_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o each_o council_n ten_o other_o who_o differ_v but_o little_a in_o dignity_n from_o the_o rest_n be_v always_o employ_v together_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a officer_n as_o notary_n scribe_n secretaries_z and_o clerk_n the_o jesuit_n semedo_n in_o his_o relation_n of_o china_n mention_n several_a other_o council_n whereof_o some_o have_v a_o like_a authority_n with_o the_o beforementioned_a six_o all_o which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o chinese_n tongue_n cien_n cim_o and_o consist_v of_o several_a office_n belong_v particular_o to_o the_o king_n household_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v call_v thai_n lisu_n that_o be_v the_o council_n of_o the_o great_a audite_fw-la this_o office_n seem_v like_o the_o great_a chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o all_o weighty_a affair_n receive_v a_o determination_n it_o consist_v of_o thirteen_o mandorin_n one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o ten_o under-officer_n the_o second_o be_v call_v quon_n losu_n and_o provide_v for_o their_o imperial_a majesty_n table_n and_o for_o all_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o emperor_n court._n this_o council_n have_v one_o councillor_n two_o assistant_n and_o six_o officer_n the_o three_o call_v thaipocusu_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n stable_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o post-horse_n for_o public_a use_n and_o service_n it_o consist_v of_o one_o councillor_n and_o six_o officer_n beside_o all_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o council_n high_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dignity_n have_v place_n next_o the_o emperor_n in_o all_o public_a solemnity_n those_o that_o sit_v in_o this_o council_n be_v call_v colaos_n be_v seldom_o above_o four_o or_o six_o in_o number_n and_o the_o most_o select_a person_n of_o all_o the_o other_o council_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v honour_v and_o reverence_v according_o no_o private_a affair_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o for_o they_o only_o mind_v the_o public_a good_a and_o government_n sit_v with_o the_o emperor_n in_o private_a council_n for_o the_o abovementioned_a six_o council_n intermeddle_v not_o with_o the_o affoirs_n of_o the_o state_n as_o to_o make_v any_o conclusion_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v only_o to_o debate_n and_o consult_v and_o afterward_o by_o way_n of_o petition_n to_o offer_v their_o advice_n to_o the_o emperor_n who_o either_o alter_v or_o confirm_v what_o they_o have_v do_v according_a as_o he_o see_v cause_n but_o in_o regard_n he_o will_v not_o seem_v whole_o to_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o judgement_n some_o of_o the_o chief_a philosopher_n always_o attend_v upon_o this_o colaos_n or_o council_n and_o come_v daily_o to_o the_o palace_n to_o answer_v petition_n which_o be_v bring_v continual_o to_o the_o emperor_n in_o great_a number_n this_o last_o conclusion_n the_o emperor_n sign_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n that_o so_o afterward_o his_o command_n may_v be_v execute_v there_o be_v yet_o two_o council_n more_o whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v choli_fw-la and_o the_o other_o tauli_n each_o consist_v of_o above_o sixty_o person_n all_o choice_a philosopher_n and_o wise_a man_n who_o fidelity_n and_o prudence_n both_o the_o emperor_n and_o people_n sufficient_o have_v approve_v and_o therefore_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o great_a honour_n and_o esteem_v with_o these_o his_o majesty_n advise_v upon_o all_o extraordinary_a and_o weighty_a affair_n but_o more_o especial_o when_o any_o thing_n have_v be_v commit_v against_o the_o law_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v several_a other_o council_n whereof_o the_o chief_a be_v call_v han_n lin_n yven_v where_o be_v employ_v none_o but_o learned_a man_n who_o busy_a themselves_o with_o no_o affair_n of_o the_o government_n yet_o exceed_v all_o in_o dignity_n except_o such_o as_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n their_o charge_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o emperor_n write_n to_o compile_v year-book_n and_o write_v law_n and_o order_n from_o among_o these_o be_v choose_v governor_n and_o tutor_n for_o the_o prince_n they_o only_o be_v concern_v in_o matter_n of_o learning_n wherein_o as_o they_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o excellent_a they_o mount_v by_o several_a step_n to_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o honour_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o place_n of_o the_o great_a dignity_n in_o the_o court_n neither_o be_v any_o choose_v into_o the_o great_a colao_n who_o have_v not_o first_o be_v of_o this_o council_n they_o delight_v in_o poetry_n and_o get_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o money_n by_o their_o write_n as_o in_o make_v of_o epitaph_n poem_n and_o the_o like_a to_o pleasure_v their_o friend_n and_o very_o happy_a he_o esteem_v himself_o that_o can_v obtain_v such_o a_o favour_n of_o they_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n nank_v where_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n former_o keep_v their_o court_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o peking_n save_v that_o at_o nank_v the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o colao_n be_v not_o in_o be_v but_o the_o esteem_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o council_n here_o be_v as_o much_o eclipse_v for_o want_n of_o as_o at_o peking_n it_o be_v advance_v by_o the_o emperor_n presence_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o government_n in_o general_a in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o will_v treat_v of_o particular_a and_o provincial_a jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a empire_n be_v divide_v into_o fifteen_o province_n in_o the_o principal_a city_n whereof_o the_o chief_a and_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n reside_v differ_v little_a in_o method_n and_o rule_n from_o those_o of_o peking_n and_o nank_v and_o so_o not_o consequent_o one_o from_o another_o the_o regiment_n of_o each_o province_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n and_o fidelity_n of_o two_o person_n who_o they_o call_v pucinsu_n and_o manganzasu_fw-la the_o first_o whereof_o intermeddle_v only_o with_o civil_a affair_n and_o the_o other_o be_v altogether_o concern_v in_o criminal_a matter_n they_o have_v both_o their_o seat_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o their_o province_n and_o live_v in_o great_a magnificence_n have_v beside_o several_a officer_n assistant_n unto_o they_o as_o also_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n call_v tauli_n who_o in_o regard_n they_o command_v over_o some_o other_o inferior_a city_n it_o often_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n to_o take_v care_n of_o their_o employment_n all_o the_o fifteen_o province_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v be_v subdivide_v into_o several_a other_o less_o portion_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v furio_n over_o each_o of_o which_o be_v appoint_v a_o governor_n call_v gifu_n these_o division_n be_v again_o proportion_v into_o great_a and_o small_a city_n the_o first_o whereof_o they_o call_v ceu_fw-la and_o the_o last_o hien_n each_o have_v a_o particular_a magistrate_n which_o in_o the_o great_a city_n be_v call_v ciceu_n and_o in_o the_o less_o be_v name_v cihien_n for_o ci_o signify_v to_o govern._n every_o principal_a governor_n of_o these_o city_n be_v aid_v by_o three_o councillor_n who_o assist_v they_o with_o advice_n in_o all_o their_o affair_n and_o undertake_n the_o first_o be_v call_v hun_n chim_z the_o second_o chu_n phu_o and_o the_o three_o tun_n su_n and_o have_v their_o particular_a court_n and_o judicature_n but_o the_o governor_n over_o the_o whole_a division_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o residence_n than_o in_o the_o other_o city_n under_o his_o command_n true_a it_o be_v he_o may_v condemn_v a_o malefactor_n to_o die_v but_o he_o can_v put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v join_v in_o commission_n with_o he_o but_o in_o regard_n a_o account_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o whole_a management_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o transaction_n of_o all_o the_o province_n at_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n therefore_o in_o each_o province_n there_o be_v appoint_v two_o other_o great_a officer_n by_o the_o court_n who_o in_o eminency_n of_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n of_o commission_n exceed_v the_o rest_n the_o one_o of_o these_o always_o reside_v in_o some_o of_o the_o province_n and_o be_v call_v tutang_n the_o other_o be_v send_v yearly_o from_o the_o court_n at_o peking_n and_o
design_n and_o that_o in_o take_v accurate_a map_n and_o sketche_n not_o only_o of_o the_o country_n and_o town_n but_o also_o of_o beast_n bird_n fish_n and_o plant_n and_o other_o rarity_n never_o divulge_v as_o i_o be_o inform_v heretofore_o but_o now_o to_o remove_v some_o obstruction_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o way_n that_o posterity_n may_v not_o be_v bereave_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o these_o my_o endeavour_n i_o find_v myself_o high_o necessitate_v to_o relate_v what_o pass_v in_o this_o undertake_n with_o as_o much_o candour_n and_o brevity_n as_o the_o work_n may_v possible_o require_v but_o before_o i_o engage_v myself_o it_o seem_v also_o not_o amiss_o to_o set_v forth_o brief_o the_o division_n of_o the_o universal_a globe_n and_o likewise_o the_o etymology_n or_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n china_n the_o condition_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o extent_n thereof_o and_o last_o the_o ten_o province_n of_o the_o fifteen_o into_o which_o that_o county_n divide_v itself_o and_o the_o town_n and_o city_n through_o which_o we_o do_v not_o pass_v the_o terraqueous_a globe_n comprehend_v sea_n and_o land_n globe_n rivers_n and_o lake_n stand_v divide_v by_o modern_a geographer_n into_o two_o semi-orb_n viz._n the_o old_a and_o new_a world_n the_o old_a contain_v europe_n asia_n and_o africa_n the_o new_a america_n not_o much_o less_o in_o extent_n to_o all_o those_o vast_a region_n discover_v before_o name_v so_o from_o americus_n vesputius_n a_o florentine_a but_o indeed_o first_o find_v out_o by_o christopher_n columbus_n a_o genoese_a furnish_v out_o for_o so_o great_a a_o expedition_n by_o ferdinand_n and_o isabel_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n in_o the_o year_n 1492._o but_o five_o year_n after_o americus_n voyage_v make_v his_o approach_n high_a into_o those_o unknown_a confine_n and_o so_o get_v by_o a_o lucky_a hit_v or_o something_o in_o his_o name_n the_o honour_n of_o denomination_n of_o the_o moiety_n of_o the_o world_n from_o the_o prime_a discoverer_n to_o who_o so_o great_a a_o glory_n belong_v since_o vulgar_o call_v the_o west-indies_n not_o improper_o the_o east_n be_v by_o sea_n find_v by_o we_o about_o the_o same_o time_n under_o our_o new_a world_n may_v also_o be_v comprise_v those_o vast_a southern_a coast_n and_o straits_n of_o magellan_n first_o light_v on_o by_o ferdinandus_n magellanus_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1520._o in_o his_o circumnavigation_n of_o the_o universe_n which_o forty_o five_o year_n after_o sir_n francis_n drake_n and_o next_o sir_n thomas_n bendish_n englishman_n make_v a_o far_a inspection_n into_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1600._o oliver_n van_fw-mi noord_n a_o hollander_n pass_v but_o of_o late_a year_n a_o spaniard_n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr quire_n outshoot_v they_o all_o by_o a_o more_o ample_a discovery_n than_o all_o the_o former_a asia_n not_o to_o make_v mention_n of_o any_o other_o division_n of_o the_o world_n divide_v be_v impertinent_a to_o the_o follow_a discourse_n stand_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o tartarick_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o great_a indian_a ocean_n call_v eous_fw-la and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o same_o on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o the_o slip_n of_o land_n situate_v betwixt_o this_o gulf_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o extent_n of_o which_o from_o the_o hellespont_n as_o far_o as_o mallassa_n the_o utmost_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o india_n consist_v of_o 1300_o dutch_a mile_n the_o breadth_n from_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o tabin_n 1220_o dutch_a mile_n all_o asia_n which_o the_o ancient_n divide_v into_o asia_n the_o great_a and_o asia_n the_o less_o modern_a computor_n part_v into_o five_o division_n persia_n the_o turkish_a empire_n india_n to_o which_o they_o cast_v in_o the_o adjacent_a isle_n tartary_n and_o china_n what_o concern_v the_o name_n of_o china_n china_n or_o the_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n much_o time_n and_o pain_n have_v be_v spend_v and_o take_v by_o several_a historian_n both_o old_a and_o new_a as_o also_o by_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n and_o foreiner_n to_o give_v the_o true_a derivation_n thereof_o and_o the_o several_a name_n by_o which_o china_n have_v be_v former_o call_v to_o who_o i_o shall_v refer_v myself_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o reader_n in_o this_o particular_a that_o these_o be_v the_o people_n who_o ptolemy_n call_v chineses_n both_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v know_v at_o this_o time_n may_v suffice_v to_o prove_v the_o truth_n thereof_o for_o that_o which_o in_o spanish_a be_v write_v china_n in_o italian_a be_v call_v cina_n in_o high-dutch_a tschina_fw-la and_o in_o low_a dutch_n and_o latin_a sina_n the_o difference_n in_o the_o pronunciation_n of_o the_o word_n china_n and_o sina_n betwixt_o we_o and_o the_o spaniard_n be_v not_o much_o but_o in_o regard_n it_o fall_v somewhat_o hard_o to_o those_o people_n to_o pronounce_v the_o ch_z they_o therefore_o make_v use_n of_o the_o greek_a letter_n χ._n the_o tartar_n call_v this_o kingdom_n catay_n and_o sometime_o mangin_n but_o this_o name_n rather_o denote_v the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o then_o the_o country_n for_o mangin_n signify_v in_o their_o language_n a_o wild_a and_o uncivilise_v people_n and_o with_o this_o word_n the_o tartar_n often_o deride_v the_o chinese_n this_o country_n be_v likewise_o former_o call_v catay_n by_o marcus_n panwelz_n a_o venetian_a who_o be_v the_o first_o discoverer_n thereof_o in_o part_n but_o the_o most_o know_a name_n by_o which_o that_o kingdom_n be_v call_v at_o present_a by_o those_o of_o europe_n be_v china_n the_o reason_n why_o that_o kingdom_n have_v be_v call_v by_o so_o many_o several_a name_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v this_o from_o a_o ancient_a custom_n observe_v among_o they_o that_o whosoever_o get_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o they_o present_v the_o kingdom_n with_o a_o new_a name_n according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n among_o the_o rest_n we_o read_v that_o former_o this_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n or_o china_n be_v call_v thou_o thou_o tha_z sciam_fw-la cheu_n as_o also_o han_n thou_o which_o signify_v boundless_a broad_a thou_o rest_v tha_z great_a sciam_fw-la curious_a cheu_n perfect_a han_n the_o milky-way_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n of_o china_n by_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o last_o invasion_n and_o the_o depose_v of_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n viz._n when_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o the_o family_n of_o ciu_o china_n be_v call_v by_o the_o chinese_n min_n which_o signify_v perspicuity_n or_o brightness_n afterward_o they_o add_v to_o the_o word_n min_n the_o syllable_n ta_o and_o call_v it_o then_o stamin_z or_o as_o some_o write_v tame_v which_o signify_v the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a brightness_n for_o above_o 300_o year_n this_o kingdom_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o taiâ—jven_n and_o at_o this_o time_n be_v call_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o possess_v the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o great_a cham_n taicing_n but_o though_o this_o kingdom_n of_o china_n do_v often_o change_v its_o lord_n and_o name_n the_o chineses_n however_o have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n call_v it_o by_o two_o other_o particular_a name_n as_o chungchoa_n and_o chungque_a the_o first_o whereof_o signify_v the_o middle_a kingdom_n and_o the_o other_o the_o middle_a garden_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o chineses_n give_v their_o kingdom_n these_o name_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v this_o in_o regard_n that_o former_o they_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o the_o heaven_n be_v round_o the_o earth_n foursquare_a and_o in_o the_o middle_a point_n thereof_o lay_v their_o kingdom_n wherefore_o when_o they_o first_o see_v the_o map_n of_o europe_n they_o take_v it_o very_o ill_o that_o their_o kingdom_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o east_n and_o therefore_o when_o mathias_n riccius_fw-la a_o jesuit_n have_v in_o china_n make_v a_o map_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n he_o so_o order_v his_o adulation_n that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n fall_v to_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o most_o of_o the_o chineses_n do_v now_o acknowledge_v this_o their_o great_a error_n and_o blush_v convince_v of_o so_o much_o ignorance_n and_o though_o the_o chineses_n themselves_o have_v thus_o call_v their_o kingdom_n by_o several_a name_n according_a as_o the_o family_n which_o govern_v over_o they_o happen_v to_o change_v yet_o their_o neighbour_n that_o live_v upon_o the_o confine_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o their_o alteration_n neither_o follow_v the_o chineses_n therein_o for_o those_o of_o couchenchina_fw-la and_o siam_n call_v this_o kingdom_n cin_n the_o islander_n of_o japan_n than_o the_o tartar_n han_n and_o the_o turk_n saracener_n and_o other_o western_a people_n cataium_fw-la some_o conceive_v that_o this_o name_n be_v original_o from_o sioni_n name_v in_o
cause_v so_o many_o safe_a harbour_n and_o road_n for_o ship_n in_o these_o part_n the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n flat_a and_o even_o and_o in_o other_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a especial_o towards_o the_o south_n as_o we_o often_o find_v to_o our_o great_a inconvenience_n upon_o our_o voyage_n this_o province_n produce_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n as_o likewise_o several_a sort_n of_o rich_a ware_n and_o commodity_n as_o well_o artificial_a as_o natural_a it_o likewise_o yield_v the_o husbandman_n fruit_n twice_o ayear_n as_o rice_n corn_n and_o other_o product_n for_o in_o it_o you_o have_v no_o cold_a wether_n all_o winter_n so_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o there_o be_v three_o very_a strange_a thing_n in_o quantung_n viz._n the_o heaven_n without_o snow_n tree_n green_a in_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n spit_v blood_n for_o first_o of_o all_o it_o never_o snow_n here_o the_o tree_n be_v never_o unperwige_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n continual_o chew_v the_o leave_n of_o betel_n and_o areka_n prepare_v after_o their_o way_n make_v their_o hospital_n red_a from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n pearl_n precious_a stone_n silk_n quicksilver_n copper_n steel_n iron_n salt-petre_a eagle-wood_n and_o several_a other_o odoriferous_a wood_n the_o people_n in_o these_o part_n be_v very_o ingenious_a laborious_a and_o nimble_a and_o can_v imitate_v any_o thing_n which_o they_o see_v make_v before_o they_o and_o whatsoever_o the_o portuguese_n bring_v thither_o out_o of_o europe_n weave_v of_o gold_n silver_n or_o the_o like_a which_o be_v strange_a unto_o they_o they_o will_v immediate_o endeavour_v to_o work_v the_o same_o and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n will_v accomplish_v what_o they_o undertake_v for_o i_o give_v a_o chinese_n goldsmith_n a_o silver_n button_n to_o make_v a_o set_a by_o and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v to_o my_o lodging_n what_o i_o have_v bespeak_v very_o curious_o wrought_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v use_v to_o such_o work_n though_o he_o have_v never_o do_v the_o like_a before_o which_o argue_v their_o ingenuity_n to_o be_v very_o great_a among_o other_o fowl_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o country_n be_v great_a store_n of_o duck_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v the_o art_n and_o way_n to_o raise_v and_o increase_v beyond_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o neighbour_n this_o province_n be_v govern_v as_o also_o each_o of_o the_o other_o province_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n by_o governor_n who_o by_o those_o of_o europe_n because_o their_o office_n and_o employment_n much_o resemble_v vice-roys_n be_v call_v petty_a king_n who_o common_o reside_v in_o the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n when_o we_o be_v at_o canton_n quantung_n be_v govern_v by_o two_o vice-roys_n whereof_o one_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o year_n be_v call_v the_o old_a and_o the_o other_o the_o young_a viceroy_n the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o young_a viceroy_n halick_n mancebo_fw-la the_o vice-roys_n of_o quantung_n take_v place_n of_o all_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o other_o province_n because_o situate_v upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o imperial_a city_n peking_n and_o border_n also_o upon_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o highway_n be_v trouble_v with_o robber_n and_o the_o sea_n with_o pirate_n therefore_o the_o emperor_n order_n that_o the_o vice-roys_n of_o quantung_n shall_v command_v over_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n though_o this_o last_o as_o the_o other_o province_n have_v also_o particular_a vice-roys_n this_o country_n be_v former_o a_o kingdom_n of_o itself_o and_o call_v nainve_v and_o first_o bring_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cheva_n yet_o however_o it_o do_v not_o continue_v long_o under_o that_o power_n but_o revolt_v and_o will_v be_v rule_v by_o none_o but_o the_o king_n of_o nainve_v the_o emperor_n hiaorus_fw-la of_o the_o family_n of_o hana_n at_o last_o conquer_v this_o part_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o province_n be_v ten_o chief_a city_n and_o seventy_o three_o small_a city_n city_n without_o reckon_v among_o they_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n famous_a for_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n the_o ten_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o quancheu_fw-la or_o canton_n xaocheu_o nanhiung_a hoeicheu_o chaocheu_o chaok_v kaocheu_o liencheu_o lincheu_o and_o kiuncheu_fw-la the_o chief_a city_n of_o quancheu_fw-la command_v over_o fifteen_o small_a city_n among_o which_o i_o do_v not_o reckon_v maccao_n though_o it_o lie_v under_o the_o command_n of_o this_o chief_a city_n the_o 15_o small_a one_o of_o this_o great_a city_n be_v these_o quancheu_fw-la or_o canton_n xunte_n tangvon_n cengch_v hiangxan_n sinhoei_n cingyven_v sin_v cunghoa_o lungumen_n sanxui_fw-la lien_n jangxan_n tienxan_n and_o singan_n the_o second_o capital_a city_n xaocheu_o command_v over_o six_o small_a city_n xaocheu_o locang_v giughoa_o juyven_v ungyen_n and_o ingote_n the_o country_n about_o this_o chief_a city_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n full_a of_o hill_n the_o three_o chief_a city_n be_v nanhiung_a or_o nanhung_a and_o command_v over_o two_o city_n nanhiung_a and_o xihe_v the_o four_o chief_a city_n be_v hoeicheu_o and_o command_v over_o 10_o small_a city_n hoeicheu_o polo_n haifung_a hove_v lungchuen_n changlo_n hingn_v hope_v change_a and_o junggan_n the_o five_o chief_a city_n be_v chaocheu_o and_o command_v likewise_o over_o 10_o small_a city_n chaocheu_o chaoyang_n kieyang_n chinghiang_n jaop_v tapu_n hoeilai_n cinghai_n puning_n and_o pingyven_v the_o six_o chief_a city_n be_v chaok_v and_o command_v over_o eleven_o city_n chaok_v sinhoei_n sinhing_n yangchun_n yangkiang_n caom_v genp_a teke_a quangn_v fuchuen_n and_o kalklen_n the_o seven_o chief_a city_n be_v caocheu_o and_o command_v over_o six_o small_a city_n caocheu_o tienpe_a sing_v hoa_o vuchnen_a and_o xech_v the_o eight_o chief_a city_n be_v lieucheu_o and_o command_v over_o four_o small_a city_n lieucheu_o knig_n lingxan_n and_o xelien_n the_o nine_o chief_a city_n be_v luicheu_o and_o command_v over_o three_o small_a city_n luichtu_fw-la sniki_n and_o siuven_o the_o ten_o chief_a city_n be_v kiuncheu_o situate_v in_o the_o island_n of_o hainan_n and_o command_v over_o twelve_o small_a city_n kiuncheu_o lincao_n tingan_n veuchung_a hoeitung_n lohoei_n chen_n changhoa_n van_n linxui_fw-la yes_fw-mi and_o cangen_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n be_v ten_o fort_n or_o castle_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o sea_n the_o name_n whereof_o be_v these_o tach_n tung_n hanxan_n ginghai_n kiacu_fw-la kiexe_n ciex_v hiung_a junch_v and_o ciungling_n the_o chinese_n toll-book_n wherein_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o each_o province_n be_v set_v down_o make_v mention_n of_o four_o hundred_o eighty_o three_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o family_n and_o nineteen_o hundred_o seventy_o eight_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o fight_a man_n in_o this_o province_n the_o tax_n which_o this_o province_n pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n amount_v to_o ten_o hundred_o seventeen_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o two_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o seven_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o weight_n of_o salt_n canton_n on_o the_o water_n side_n the_o city_n be_v defend_v with_o two_o row_n of_o high_a and_o thick_a wall_n which_o be_v strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n watch-tower_n and_o other_o fort_n and_o beside_o these_o work_n there_o be_v two_o other_o strong_a water-castle_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o river_n render_v this_o city_n invincible_a one_o of_o these_o two_o castle_n which_o i_o see_v myself_o and_o which_o do_v not_o much_o differ_v in_o any_o thing_n from_o the_o other_o i_o take_v a_o exact_a draught_n of_o which_o you_o have_v here_o present_v show_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n build_v the_o city_n be_v likewise_o defend_v and_o surround_v on_o the_o land_n side_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n and_o five_o strong_a castle_n whereof_o some_o be_v within_o the_o wall_n and_o other_o without_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o steep_a hill_n so_o that_o this_o city_n be_v sufficient_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n defend_v against_o all_o the_o invasion_n of_o any_o enemy_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o seem_v invincible_a what_o concern_v the_o idol-temple_n court_n and_o palace_n of_o great_a lord_n and_o other_o rare_a edifice_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v here_o there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o all_o asia_n that_o show_v the_o like_a here_o also_o be_v several_a triumphal_a arch_n which_o have_v be_v erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o such_o as_o have_v do_v their_o country_n service_n they_o be_v no_o small_a
for_o which_o he_o return_v thankful_a acknowledgement_n and_o so_o part_v a_o few_o day_n before_o his_o departure_n whilst_o they_o be_v make_v preparation_n for_o the_o army_n this_o viceroy_n send_v to_o his_o wizard_n sorcerer_n and_o soothsayer_n to_o who_o response_n the_o chinese_n give_v no_o small_a credit_n who_o draw_v their_o prediction_n from_o the_o configuration_n and_o position_n of_o the_o star_n and_o from_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o entrail_n of_o fowl_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o most_o part_n astrological_o foretell_v good_a or_o bad_a success_n to_o the_o intend_a expedition_n these_o juggle_a augurer_n consult_v and_o positive_o tell_v the_o viceroy_n both_o by_o bird_n and_o malignant_a aspect_n that_o the_o whole_a undertake_n will_v be_v unfortunate_a and_o extreme_o prejudicial_a both_o to_o himself_o the_o army_n and_o the_o country_n but_o this_o young_a prince_n be_v whole_o bend_v upon_o the_o design_n to_o purchase_v himself_o immortal_a honour_n by_o prowess_n and_o force_n of_o arm_n be_v resolve_v to_o proceed_v notwithstanding_o all_o those_o great_a discouragement_n from_o his_o fable_a fortune-teller_n for_o so_o they_o prove_v the_o success_n fall_v out_o quite_o contrary_a he_o bring_v under_o absolute_a subjection_n the_o whole_a province_n to_o the_o tartar_n upon_o which_o account_n their_o vaticination_n not_o only_o prove_v frivolous_a but_o quite_o contrary_a they_o flee_v abscond_v themselves_o lest_o they_o may_v suffer_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o viceroy_n who_o will_v have_v handle_v they_o very_o severe_o but_o however_o they_o be_v absent_a the_o storm_n fall_v on_o their_o idol_n and_o temple_n which_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o very_a ground_n and_o burn_v the_o image_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o return_v with_o the_o ambassador_n to_o our_o lodging_n where_o we_o see_v the_o whole_a fleet_n under_o sail_n have_v the_o army_n aboard_o follow_v the_o viceroy_n both_o these_o vice-roys_n be_v of_o noble_a family_n bear_v and_o educate_v in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n we_o think_v at_o first_o that_o the_o young_a viceroy_n have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o old_a viceroy_n but_o we_o understand_v afterward_o that_o they_o be_v nothing_o akin_a but_o only_o great_a friend_n and_o prince_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o power_n and_o who_o have_v both_o undergo_v one_o and_o the_o same_o misfortune_n for_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n for_o what_o reason_n i_o know_v not_o have_v behead_v both_o their_o father_n the_o son_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v the_o like_a disaster_n which_o it_o seem_v they_o dread_v flee_v to_o this_o province_n of_o quantung_n which_o at_o that_o time_n the_o great_a cham_n have_v invade_v with_o a_o powerful_a army_n and_o have_v bring_v most_o of_o the_o country_n under_o his_o obedience_n this_o occasion_n afford_v these_o young_a prince_n a_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n upon_o the_o emperor_n to_o effect_v this_o they_o endeavour_v to_o get_v some_o dependence_n upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o ground_v their_o complaint_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n upon_o the_o misfortune_n of_o their_o renown_a family_n desire_v withal_o help_v and_o assistance_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n the_o great_a cham_n find_v so_o many_o testimony_n and_o good_a ground_n for_o faithful_a deal_v in_o these_o prince_n that_o he_o confer_v upon_o they_o both_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n the_o elder_a he_o honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o pignowan_n and_o the_o other_o with_o the_o name_n of_o synowa_n which_o among_o the_o chinese_n be_v name_n of_o the_o high_a and_o chief_a office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o such_o chief_a officer_n command_v and_o rule_n with_o the_o same_o power_n over_o some_o province_n as_o the_o vice-roys_n here_o in_o europe_n that_o these_o warlike_a prince_n have_v since_o that_o time_n sufficient_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n upon_o the_o chinese_n be_v very_o apparent_a in_o regard_n that_o in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n you_o may_v ride_v in_o some_o place_n for_o several_a mile_n together_o and_o not_o see_v a_o town_n or_o village_n stand_v only_o great_a heap_n of_o stone_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o place_n which_o have_v be_v former_o very_o famous_a for_o trade_n in_o the_o withdrawing-room_n where_o the_o ambassador_n dine_v be_v a_o window_n on_o purpose_n to_o which_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n often_o resort_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o company_n she_o be_v very_o neat_o and_o rich_o dress_v after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n middle_a size_v slender_a of_o a_o brown_a complexion_n of_o a_o please_a and_o take_v countenance_n at_o our_o entrance_n before_o we_o sit_v down_o we_o find_v stand_v a_o very_a rich_a paint_a chair_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o her_o majesty_n to_o which_o in_o honour_n of_o this_o great_a lady_n we_o humble_o pay_v our_o respect_n dinner_n be_v end_v and_o the_o compliment_n perform_v they_o take_v horse_n and_o return_v to_o their_o lodging_n we_o depart_v upon_o the_o 17._o of_o march_n with_o all_o our_o train_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n and_o be_v row_v up_o the_o river_n of_o tai_n close_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o city_n which_o show_v a_o most_o delightful_a prospect_n upon_o the_o water_n the_o small_a town_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a in_o peking_n and_o canton_n signify_v our_o kind_a reception_n by_o the_o thunder_a voice_n of_o their_o cannon_n as_o we_o pass_v by_o have_v sail_v and_o row_v several_a reaches_n of_o this_o broad_a and_o spacious_a river_n we_o at_o last_o leave_v the_o channel_n and_o strike_v into_o another_o a_o arm_n of_o this_o great_a one_o that_o disembogue_n itself_o into_o the_o same_o towards_o the_o north._n the_o chineses_n call_v this_o branch_n zin_n but_o those_o of_o europe_n the_o european_a stream_n we_o make_v so_o much_o speed_v that_o day_n that_o towards_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o a_o village_n call_v sahu_n this_o place_n though_o not_o very_o large_a nor_o famous_a yet_o be_v of_o pleasant_a situation_n and_o about_o six_o mile_n from_o canton_n the_o soil_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o encompass_v with_o tree_n hill_n and_o vales._n there_o be_v several_a good_a edifice_n in_o this_o place_n though_o most_o of_o they_o inhabit_v by_o peasant_n and_o handicraftsman_n which_o be_v chief_o silk-weaver_n who_o live_v by_o weave_v great_a quantity_n of_o silk-stuffs_a for_o the_o merchant_n at_o canton_n we_o stay_v here_o all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n early_o set_v sail._n upon_o the_o 19_o of_o march_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n before_o the_o city_n of_o xantung_n be_v the_o eleven_o small_a city_n belong_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o canton_n and_o lie_v distant_a from_o thence_o about_o twenty_o mile_n this_o city_n on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o river_n lie_v in_o a_o very_a pleasant_a vale_n and_o be_v surround_v on_o the_o land_n side_n with_o delightful_a pasture_n and_o hill_n it_o be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o be_v former_o exceed_v populous_a and_o full_a of_o trade_n we_o get_v thus_o far_o sometime_o with_o row_v sail_v and_o tow_v against_o the_o stream_n which_o have_v so_o tire_v the_o chinese_n who_o be_v put_v to_o this_o slavish_a labour_n that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o stay_v by_o the_o way_n till_o they_o have_v rest_v and_o refresh_v themselves_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n cause_v the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n to_o be_v guard_v with_o two_o foot-company_n to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n with_o the_o more_o state_n they_o send_v likewise_o a_o few_o present_n for_o the_o ambassador_n table_n but_o they_o understand_v it_o be_v all_o upon_o the_o emperor_n account_n and_o by_o his_o order_n who_o allow_v ten_o time_n more_o than_o what_o they_o send_v think_v good_a to_o refuse_v their_o civility_n both_o here_o and_o in_o all_o other_o place_n where_o they_o come_v which_o they_o do_v with_o great_a respect_n here_o we_o go_v ashore_o which_o be_v the_o first_o time_n since_o we_o come_v aboard_o and_o pitch_v a_o tent_n at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o city_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o a_o open_a and_o plain_a field_n the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o show_v some_o pastime_n exercise_v their_o arm_n before_o the_o tent_n of_o the_o ambassador_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o they_o with_o much_o dexterity_n among_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v one_o with_o a_o bow_n and_o arrow_n who_o be_v so_o rare_a a_o marksman_n that_o he_o shoot_v thrice_o together_o through_o the_o white_a no_o broad_a than_o the_o palm_n of_o a_o hand_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o thirty_o five_o pace_n for_o which_o he_o be_v reward_v with_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o money_n the_o secretary_n of_o the_o viceroy_n for_o the_o more_o
idol_n which_o be_v much_o adore_v by_o the_o chinese_n the_o three_o building_n be_v also_o adorn_v with_o the_o like_a image_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o first_o of_o these_o edifice_n on_o the_o right_a side_n stands_z a_o well_o which_o be_v twelve_o pace_n in_o the_o square_a over_o and_o curious_o adorn_v with_o white_a stone_n and_o always_o brim_n full_a of_o water_n the_o chineses_n fancy_n to_o themselves_o wonderful_a story_n from_o this_o idol_n kouja_n and_o the_o well_o believe_v that_o former_o here_o he_o dwell_v and_o in_o his_o life_n be_v very_o charitable_a to_o all_o poor_a people_n dispence_v free_o what_o he_o have_v among_o they_o and_o his_o treasure_n be_v never_o to_o be_v exhaust_v because_o he_o be_v a_o great_a alchemist_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o elixir_n and_o convert_v all_o metal_n into_o gold_n likewise_o they_o imagine_v that_o this_o kouja_n through_o their_o god_n direction_n and_o power_n do_v once_o overcome_v a_o most_o hideous_a dragon_n which_o threaten_v the_o destruction_n of_o this_o city_n which_o he_o afterward_o bind_v to_o a_o iron_n pillar_n and_o fling_v into_o this_o well_o and_o so_o deliver_v the_o inhabitant_n from_o the_o grand_a destroyer_n as_o a_o second_o st._n george_n and_o that_o he_o at_o last_o with_o all_o his_o family_n be_v take_v up_o into_o heaven_n therefore_o these_o idolater_n who_o hold_v this_o for_o a_o good_a and_o holy_a deed_n erect_v this_o temple_n for_o he_o after_o his_o death_n many_o other_o story_n be_v tell_v we_o of_o this_o their_o deity_n most_o of_o the_o other_o rare_a building_n which_o have_v be_v former_o in_o this_o city_n be_v total_o destroy_v by_o the_o tartar_n only_o there_o be_v still_o leave_v stand_v one_o well-built_a tower_n the_o field_n about_o this_o city_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o well_o manure_v which_o furnish_v the_o city_n and_o town_n round_o about_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o corn._n the_o great_a destruction_n which_o befall_v this_o city_n in_o the_o last_o war_n be_v occasion_v thus_o one_o kiun_n a_o famous_a commander_n bear_v in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n be_v make_v governor_n by_o the_o great_a tartar_n cham_n over_o this_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n for_o the_o tartar_n much_o trust_v the_o leaotunger_n because_o they_o lie_v next_o to_o tartary_n but_o this_o kiun_v revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n with_o this_o whole_a province_n of_o kiangsi_n and_o own_a one_o junglieu_n for_o emperor_n upon_o the_o 25._o of_o april_n we_o come_v to_o a_o village_n famous_a for_o ship_n call_v ucienjen_n where_o lay_v great_a store_n of_o vessel_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o size_n which_o be_v come_v thither_o from_o all_o part_n of_o china_n to_o lade_v with_o china_n earthen_a ware_n great_a quantity_n whereof_o be_v sell_v in_o this_o village_n which_o lie_v near_o to_o the_o pool_n call_v poyang_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n can_v and_o be_v above_o a_o mile_n long_o it_o be_v a_o place_n full_a of_o trade_n and_o very_o handsome_o build_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o mountain_n near_o this_o place_n stand_v a_o well-built_a idol-temple_n behung_a with_o great_a and_o small_a image_n i_o find_v hang_v also_o in_o this_o temple_n a_o great_a many_o black_a lamp_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n keep_v continual_o burn_a day_n and_o night_n the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n that_o at_o any_o time_n be_v to_o pass_v over_o this_o pool_n poyang_n offer_v up_o first_o some_o present_a or_o other_o to_o the_o idol_n of_o this_o temple_n for_o a_o safe_a and_o speedy_a passage_n the_o sacrifice_n which_o i_o see_v here_o be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o people_n take_v a_o cock_n but_o the_o rich_a a_o hog_n wherewith_o the_o country_n abound_v which_o they_o bring_v alive_a to_o the_o image_n which_o be_v picture_v in_o a_o most_o terrible_a posture_n and_o there_o they_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o those_o creature_n and_o with_o the_o warm_a blood_n besprinkle_v the_o claw_n of_o the_o idol_n which_o general_o resemble_v the_o claw_n of_o griffin_n and_o some_o part_n of_o his_o body_n so_o that_o their_o idol_n be_v always_o bedaub_v with_o blood_n on_o purpose_n to_o make_v they_o look_v with_o a_o more_o grim_a aspect_n they_o offer_v up_o likewise_o to_o the_o idol_n the_o foot_n of_o the_o dead_a swine_n and_o the_o spur_n and_o comb_n of_o the_o cock_n the_o rest_n they_o reserve_v for_o themselves_o and_o make_v merry_a therewith_o feast_v in_o honour_n of_o this_o idol_n quite_o through_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o rich_a village_n run_v a_o broad_a street_n full_a of_o shop_n on_o both_o side_n where_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n be_v sell_v but_o the_o chief_a trade_n be_v in_o porcelain_n or_o china_n ware_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o village_n tell_v we_o to_o our_o great_a admiration_n that_o there_o be_v no_o better_a porcelain_n make_v in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n than_o in_o the_o village_n sinktesuno_n which_o lie_v at_o least_o a_o hundred_o miles_n eastward_o from_o hence_o near_o to_o the_o city_n feuleang_v the_o four_o small_a city_n of_o the_o second_o chief_a city_n of_o joacheu_fw-la and_o they_o add_v withal_o which_o increase_v our_o wonder_n that_o they_o do_v not_o fetch_v the_o earth_n whereof_o this_o porcelain_n be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n wherein_o this_o village_n be_v situate_v but_o from_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hoeicheu_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v it_o though_o they_o dig_v the_o earth_n in_o great_a abundance_n because_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o temper_v it_o with_o the_o water_n which_o they_o allege_v to_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n why_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v to_o this_o art_n and_o though_o i_o see_v not_o these_o city_n hoiecheu_o and_o jaocheu_fw-la nor_o how_o they_o dig_v this_o soil_n in_o one_o place_n and_o make_v porcelain_n thereof_o in_o another_o yet_o i_o will_v brief_o relate_v to_o you_o what_o account_n be_v give_v i_o by_o person_n of_o credit_n resident_a in_o this_o village_n of_o ucienjen_n the_o earth_n whereof_o this_o porcelain_n be_v make_v be_v dig_v in_o great_a quantity_n out_o of_o the_o mountain_n situate_v near_o the_o chief_a city_n hoeicheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o nank_v from_o whence_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o foursquare_a clod_n to_o the_o abovementioned_a village_n which_o have_v the_o emperor_n arm_n stamp_v upon_o they_o to_o prevent_v all_o manner_n of_o deceit_n the_o earth_n be_v not_o fat_a like_a clay_n or_o chalk_n but_o like_a to_o our_o fine_a sand_n which_o they_o mingle_v with_o water_n and_o so_o make_v it_o into_o the_o forementioned_a clod_n they_o likewise_o beat_v into_o powder_n the_o break_a china_n dish_n and_o make_v new_a one_o of_o they_o but_o such_o as_o be_v make_v of_o break_a ware_n never_o take_v so_o fine_a a_o colour_n and_o gloss_n as_o those_o which_o be_v make_v of_o fresh_a mould_n the_o earthen_a clod_n which_o be_v thus_o bring_v from_o the_o mountain_n be_v afterward_o frame_v into_o what_o fashion_n they_o please_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o our_o potter_n in_o europe_n form_v their_o earthen_a ware_n upon_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o pot_n which_o be_v make_v of_o this_o earth_n they_o have_v a_o art_n to_o themselves_o to_o paint_v all_o manner_n of_o creature_n flower_n and_o tree_n which_o they_o do_v very_o curious_o only_o with_o indigo_n this_o art_n of_o paint_v upon_o the_o pot_n be_v keep_v so_o private_a and_o secret_a that_o they_o will_v not_o teach_v it_o to_o any_o but_o their_o child_n and_o near_a relation_n wherein_o the_o chineses_n be_v so_o dexterous_a that_o you_o can_v show_v they_o any_o thing_n but_o they_o will_v imitate_v it_o upon_o their_o pot_n and_o dish_n which_o be_v frame_v and_o make_v of_o this_o earth_n be_v first_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n before_o they_o be_v bake_v in_o the_o oven_n and_o when_o they_o be_v thorough_o dry_v they_o be_v put_v into_o a_o oven_n and_o stop_v very_o close_o there_o bake_v for_o fifteen_o day_n together_o with_o a_o good_a fire_n underneath_o the_o time_n be_v expire_v they_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o oven_n fiften_v day_n more_o without_o any_o fire_n only_o the_o oven_n all_o that_o while_o be_v keep_v close_o stop_v and_o not_o open_v till_o it_o be_v quite_o cold_a for_o if_o they_o shall_v take_v the_o ware_n out_o red_a hot_a it_o will_v endanger_v not_o only_o the_o break_n of_o it_o but_o also_o the_o lose_n of_o the_o gloss._n after_o thirty_o day_n the_o furnace_n be_v open_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o officer_n appoint_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o take_v a_o
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elephant_n most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v mahumetan_n and_o other_o idolater_n in_o those_o part_n there_o be_v also_o abundance_n of_o jew_n who_o drive_v a_o subtle_a trade_n among_o they_o and_o some_o abyssine_n christian_n allure_v thither_o by_o a_o profitable_a commerce_n the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o lammas_n be_v clothe_v in_o yellow_a his_o hat_n much_o like_o a_o cardinal_n with_o broad_a brim_n at_o his_o side_n hang_v a_o crucifix_n which_o these_o churchman_n common_o carry_v about_o with_o they_o by_o which_o they_o say_v their_o devotion_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_a catholic_n those_o of_o lammas_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o religious_a people_n who_o have_v live_v a_o long_a time_n in_o china_n but_o the_o last_o emperor_n of_o china_n before_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v it_o have_v banish_v they_o his_o country_n from_o whence_o they_o go_v and_o settle_v themselves_o in_o tartary_n where_o they_o have_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n now_o these_o banish_a people_n have_v send_v this_o ambassador_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n with_o request_n that_o they_o may_v have_v leave_n to_o return_v and_o exercise_v their_o devotion_n as_o former_o what_o success_n he_o have_v in_o his_o business_n i_o can_v not_o learn_v but_o his_o reception_n at_o the_o emperor_n court_n be_v very_o friendly_a and_o civil_a now_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o relate_v what_o pass_v during_o our_o stay_n in_o the_o emperor_n palace_n at_o the_o ourt-gate_n in_o which_o we_o sit_v expect_v the_o dawn_n we_o see_v first_o three_o black_a elephant_n gallant_o adorn_v after_o the_o chinese_n manner_n stand_v there_o for_o the_o great_a state_n as_o sentinel_n they_o have_v well_o gird_v upon_o their_o back_n gild_v tower_n artificial_o build_v and_o beautify_v with_o carve_v work_n and_o figure_n the_o concourse_n of_o people_n be_v here_o so_o great_a as_o if_o the_o whole_a city_n have_v be_v throng_v together_o in_o this_o one_o place_n the_o gate_n be_v also_o keep_v with_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o the_o emperor_n lifeguard_n all_o of_o they_o in_o very_o rich_a habit_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n by_o daybreak_n all_o the_o grandee_n who_o likewise_o repair_v thither_o over_o night_n come_v gaze_v and_o look_v upon_o we_o with_o great_a admiration_n as_o if_o we_o have_v be_v some_o strange_a africa_a monster_n but_o they_o demean_v themselves_o very_o civil_o without_o give_v we_o the_o least_o affront_n about_o a_o hour_n after_o a_o sign_n be_v give_v at_o which_o all_o start_v up_o on_o the_o sudden_a as_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o alarm_n when_o the_o two_o tartar_n lord_n who_o usual_o be_v send_v to_o the_o ambassador_n come_v and_o conduct_v they_o with_o their_o follower_n through_o another_o gate_n into_o a_o second_o court-yard_n guard_v round_o with_o tartar_n soldier_n and_o courtier_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o a_o three_o court_n which_o be_v the_o innermost_a where_o the_o house_n of_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v and_o the_o lodging_n for_o the_o great_a cham_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n this_o court_n which_o contain_v four_o hundred_o pace_n in_o the_o square_a be_v line_v on_o all_o side_n with_o a_o strong_a guard_n all_o of_o they_o in_o rich_a coat_n of_o crimson-coloured_a satin_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o throne_n stand_v a_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o soldier_n each_z whereof_o bear_v a_o several_a flag_n and_o likewise_o wear_v colour_v habit_n suitable_a to_o his_o ensign_n only_o they_o have_v all_o black_a hat_n with_o yellow_a feather_n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v twenty_o two_o gentleman_n each_o with_o a_o rich_a yellow_a screen_n or_o umbrello_n in_o his_o hand_n resemble_v the_o sun_n next_o to_o these_o stand_v ten_o other_o person_n each_o hold_v a_o gilt_n radiant_a circle_n in_o his_o hand_n resemble_v the_o sun_n next_o to_o these_o stand_v six_o other_o with_o circle_n imitate_v the_o moon_n at_o the_o full_a after_o these_o be_v stand_v sixteen_o other_o person_n with_o half-pike_n or_o pole_n in_o their_o hand_n hang_v full_a of_o silk_n tassel_n of_o several_a colour_n near_o to_o these_o stand_v thirty_o six_o more_o each_o hold_v a_o standard_n curious_o adorn_v with_o dragon_n the_o emperor_n coat_n of_o arm_n and_o other_o such_o monster_n after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v both_o side_n of_o the_o emperor_n throne_n guard_v and_o adorn_v beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o courtier_n all_o of_o they_o in_o very_o rich_a habit_n of_o one_o colour_n and_o silk_n as_o if_o a_o livery_n which_o add_v very_o much_o to_o to_o the_o splendour_n of_o the_o place_n before_o the_o step_v lead_v to_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v on_o each_o side_n six_o snow-white_a horse_n most_o curious_o adorn_v with_o rich_a embroider_v trappings_o and_o bridle_v beset_v with_o pearl_n ruby_n and_o other_o precious_a
he_o to_o have_v far_o exceed_v in_o virtue_n learning_n and_o integrity_n all_o other_o mortal_n that_o ever_o live_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o certain_o if_o his_o work_n which_o be_v extant_a in_o chinese_n book_n be_v mind_v with_o a_o due_a regard_n man_n must_v acknowledge_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o virtue_n in_o respect_n whereof_o the_o chineses_n have_v to_o this_o day_n so_o great_a a_o opinion_n of_o his_o name_n that_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v write_v be_v never_o call_v in_o question_n but_o by_o all_o maintain_v for_o good_a have_v gain_v to_o itself_o the_o authority_n of_o ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la in_o the_o school_n and_o not_o only_o the_o learned_a but_o the_o king_n also_o have_v ever_o since_o his_o death_n perpetuate_v his_o memory_n and_o record_v his_o name_n in_o their_o annal_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o the_o virtue_n and_o learning_n they_o receive_v from_o he_o and_o such_o of_o his_o posterity_n as_o yet_o remain_v be_v to_o this_o day_n high_o respect_v by_o all_o and_o not_o without_o reason_n for_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n have_v ennoble_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o family_n with_o great_a title_n of_o honour_n and_o exempt_v they_o from_o pay_v any_o public_a tax_n or_o imposition_n nor_o do_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chinese_n end_n here_o for_o they_o be_v great_a proficient_n in_o the_o art_n of_o astrology_n and_o in_o several_a other_o art_n and_o science_n as_o also_o heretofore_o in_o that_o of_o arithmetic_n in_o the_o understanding_n whereof_o they_o have_v of_o late_a year_n much_o decay_v insomuch_o that_o now_o the_o shopkeeper_n use_v board_n to_z tell_v upon_o which_o be_v full_a of_o holes_n yet_o they_o be_v so_o ready_a at_o it_o that_o with_o a_o peg_n they_o know_v how_o to_o cast_v up_o a_o account_n with_o as_o much_o method_n and_o expedition_n as_o the_o most_o skilful_a european_a with_o counter_n in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n star_n and_o constellation_n therein_o they_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o we_o of_o europe_n have_v add_v to_o their_o number_n more_o than_o be_v know_v to_o the_o most_o critical_a of_o our_o modern_a astronomer_n the_o stargazer_n be_v chief_o employ_v in_o prognosticate_a the_o time_n of_o the_o sun_n eclipse_n and_o to_o observe_v the_o various_a course_n of_o the_o planetary_a motion_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v like_o themselves_o and_o brethren_n in_o the_o same_o art_n full_a of_o error_n and_o mistake_v as_o also_o in_o their_o astrological_a observation_n calculate_v of_o nativity_n horary_a question_n or_o the_o like_a concern_v good_a or_o bad_a fortune_n in_o their_o life_n as_o well_o as_o present_a success_n in_o their_o emergent_a occasion_n together_o with_o the_o fruitfulness_n and_o barrenness_n of_o the_o ensue_a year_n for_o they_o take_v it_o as_o a_o main_a article_n of_o their_o belief_n that_o all_o thing_n which_o happen_v here_o upon_o earth_n depend_v upon_o 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own_o use_n and_o they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n namely_o the_o celubden_n who_o live_v within_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o imperial_a magistrate_n who_o live_v without_o both_o these_o have_v at_o present_a at_o peking_n two_o bench_n the_o one_o entitle_v the_o bench_n of_o the_o chinese_n which_o be_v employ_v about_o make_v of_o almanac_n and_o prognostication_n the_o sun_n and_o moon_n eclipse_n the_o other_o be_v of_o the_o saracener_n who_o study_n tend_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o be_v methodise_v according_a to_o the_o ground_n and_o rule_n of_o the_o western_a astrology_n after_o a_o time_n the_o judgement_n of_o both_o these_o bench_n be_v compare_v together_o and_o any_o difference_n or_o mistake_n of_o either_o or_o both_o be_v then_o rectify_v both_o these_o society_n have_v a_o convenient_a mansion_n provide_v for_o they_o upon_o a_o very_a high_a hill_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o view_v the_o star_n and_o raise_v observation_n from_o the_o same_o several_a old_a astrological_a instrument_n make_v of_o copper_n or_o brass_n be_v keep_v in_o this_o place_n every_o night_n one_o of_o the_o profession_n remain_v here_o to_o observe_v whether_o any_o new_a star_n appear_v in_o the_o firmament_n which_o might_n foretell_v some_o novelty_n and_o if_o any_o such_o thing_n happen_v he_o immediate_o give_v notice_n thereof_o to_o the_o society_n and_o they_o communicate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o emperor_n and_o consult_v with_o he_o what_o it_o may_v portend_v and_o how_o relate_v to_o good_a or_o evil_n and_o this_o be_v the_o office_n or_o duty_n of_o the_o astrologer_n at_o peking_n as_o to_o physic_n and_o chirurgery_n they_o be_v very_o expert_a therein_o and_o their_o rule_n of_o art_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o those_o of_o our_o european_a physician_n for_o first_o they_o feel_v the_o pulse_n like_o they_o and_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o discover_v by_o the_o same_o the_o inward_a distemper_n of_o the_o body_n in_o each_o hand_n they_o take_v notice_n of_o six_o distinct_a beat_n of_o the_o same_o namely_o three_o high_a and_o three_o low_a which_o as_o they_o conceive_v have_v some_o secret_a coherence_n with_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o that_o of_o the_o first_o to_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o second_o to_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o the_o three_o to_o the_o stomach_n of_o the_o four_o to_o the_o spleen_n of_o the_o five_o to_o the_o reins_o etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o that_o they_o may_v with_o the_o great_a certainty_n of_o judgement_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n they_o be_v at_o least_o half_a a_o hour_n in_o feel_v the_o pulse_n of_o the_o sick_a person_n when_o by_o the_o pulse_n they_o have_v find_v out_o the_o distemper_n then_o in_o order_n to_o the_o cure_n of_o the_o patient_n they_o apply_v and_o make_v use_n of_o several_a simple_n and_o root_n to_o say_v the_o truth_n they_o be_v general_o very_o well_o experience_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o several_a virtue_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o herb_n grow_v among_o they_o and_o this_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o be_v no_o school_n in_o all_o china_n for_o the_o learning_n of_o physic_n but_o every_o master_n of_o family_n teach_v his_o servant_n and_o true_a it_o be_v that_o although_o in_o both_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o nank_v the_o degree_n of_o doctor_n of_o physic_n be_v not_o grant_v but_o after_o examination_n yet_o this_o degree_n when_o obtain_v do_v advance_v neither_o the_o honour_n or_o respect_n of_o the_o person_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o few_o or_o none_o study_v physic_n but_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n because_o the_o very_a profession_n thereof_o which_o be_v so_o honourable_a in_o other_o place_n be_v there_o be_v no_o esteem_n nor_o add_v the_o least_o reputation_n to_o he_o that_o gain_v it_o but_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o with_o such_o as_o study_v philosophy_n for_o whosoever_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o perfection_n thereof_o be_v by_o they_o account_v to_o have_v arrive_v at_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o humane_a happiness_n attainable_a in_o this_o world_n the_o abovementioned_a confutius_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n have_v collect_v into_o order_n all_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_n in_o that_o kind_n and_o contract_v they_o into_o four_o great_a book_n to_o which_o he_o add_v a_o five_o of_o his_o own_o in_o which_o volume_n be_v teach_v rule_v oeconomical_a and_o political_a as_o well_o the_o way_n to_o live_v as_o to_o govern_v well_o as_o also_o the_o ancient_a example_n manner_n offering_n and_o several_a poem_n of_o ancient_a author_n but_o beside_o these_o five_o there_o be_v another_o great_a volume_n write_v by_o some_o of_o the_o disciple_n of_o confutius_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n and_o call_v the_o four_o book_n the_o last_o volume_n thus_o subdivide_v
treat_v of_o the_o same_o subject_a with_o those_o other_o five_o and_o these_o nine_o book_n be_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o china_n among_o the_o bookseller_n out_o of_o which_o all_o other_o be_v compose_v and_o certain_o therein_o be_v contain_v most_o excellent_a rule_n and_o direction_n for_o the_o well_o order_v of_o all_o civil_a affair_n and_o such_o as_o have_v prove_v to_o the_o very_a great_a advantage_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n for_o which_o cause_n a_o law_n be_v make_v by_o the_o ancient_a king_n that_o whosoever_o will_v be_v a_o learned_a man_n or_o so_o repute_v must_v extract_v the_o principal_a groundwork_n of_o his_o learning_n from_o these_o book_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o same_o but_o he_o must_v likewise_o get_v they_o by_o heart_n and_o be_v able_a to_o repeat_v a_o considerable_a part_n thereof_o if_o he_o will_v be_v think_v to_o have_v arrive_v at_o a_o eminent_a pitch_n of_o learning_n there_o be_v no_o public_a school_n in_o all_o china_n though_o some_o writer_n have_v erroneous_o tell_v we_o the_o contrary_a but_o every_o person_n choose_v his_o own_o master_n by_o who_o he_o be_v teach_v in_o his_o house_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o teach_v the_o chinese_n character_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o vast_a number_n and_o variety_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o one_o to_o teach_v many_o several_a person_n and_o therefore_o every_o master_n of_o a_o family_n take_v a_o instructor_n into_o his_o house_n for_o his_o child_n of_o who_o if_o there_o be_v two_o or_o three_o to_o learn_v they_o be_v as_o many_o as_o one_o tutor_n can_v well_o teach_v all_o such_o as_o be_v find_v upon_o examination_n to_o have_v make_v good_a progress_n in_o philosophy_n arise_v to_o promotion_n by_o three_o degree_n of_o learning_n the_o first_o be_v call_v sieucai_n the_o second_o kiugin_n the_o three_o cinfu_n the_o 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graduate_n they_o enjoy_v likewise_o several_a honourable_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o be_v prefer_v to_o considerable_a employment_n in_o the_o government_n the_o second_o degree_n of_o honour_n to_o which_o the_o learned_a chineses_n be_v prefer_v be_v call_v kiugin_n which_o be_v give_v with_o much_o more_o state_n than_o the_o former_a and_o be_v confer_v only_o upon_o such_o as_o they_o judge_v to_o be_v most_o deserve_v and_o this_o promotion_n be_v make_v but_o once_o in_o three_o year_n and_o perform_v after_o this_o manner_n in_o each_o capital_a city_n be_v a_o great_a and_o well-built_a palace_n encompass_v with_o high_a wall_n and_o set_v apart_o only_o for_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o scholar_n in_o this_o place_n be_v several_a apartment_n and_o mansion_n for_o the_o use_n of_o examiner_n when_o they_o come_v to_o supervise_v the_o scholar_n work_n beside_o these_o apartment_n there_o be_v at_o least_o a_o thousand_o cell_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o palace_n but_o so_o small_a that_o they_o will_v only_o contain_v only_o one_o person_n a_o little_a table_n and_o a_o bench_n in_o these_o no_o one_o can_v speak_v to_o his_o neighbour_n nor_o be_v see_v by_o he_o when_o the_o king_n examiner_n be_v arrive_v in_o the_o city_n they_o be_v lock_v up_o apart_o in_o this_o palace_n and_o not_o suffer_v to_o discourse_n with_o any_o whatsoever_o while_o they_o be_v there_o when_o the_o time_n of_o examination_n be_v come_v to_o which_o be_v appoint_v three_o whole_a day_n namely_o the_o nine_o twelve_o and_o fifteen_o day_n of_o the_o eight_o month_n then_o be_v the_o write_n of_o the_o scholar_n with_o great_a judgement_n narrow_o examine_v and_o several_a question_n propound_v to_o be_v resolve_v by_o they_o the_o three_o degree_n be_v call_v cinsu_n and_o be_v equal_a with_o that_o of_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n law_n or_o physic_n in_o europe_n and_o this_o be_v confer_v likewise_o every_o three_o year_n and_o to_o they_o only_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n to_o this_o honour_n can_v only_o three_o hundred_o out_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n arrive_v and_o the_o examination_n of_o they_o before_o they_o be_v choose_v be_v perform_v by_o the_o king_n examiner_n in_o the_o same_o method_n and_o state_n as_o the_o former_a and_o such_o as_o attain_v to_o this_o height_n of_o honour_n by_o their_o learning_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o high_a place_n of_o dignity_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v have_v in_o great_a esteem_n and_o reputation_n by_o the_o people_n chap._n iii_o of_o several_a chinese_n handicraft-trade_n comedian_n juggler_n and_o beggar_n the_o chineses_n be_v not_o altogether_o without_o some_o experience_n and_o skill_n in_o architecture_n although_o for_o neatness_n and_o polite_a curiosity_n their_o building_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o that_o in_o europe_n neither_o be_v their_o edifice_n so_o costly_a or_o durable_a in_o regard_n they_o proportion_v their_o house_n to_o the_o shortness_n of_o life_n build_v as_o they_o say_v for_o themselves_o not_o for_o other_o and_o this_o sure_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o the_o chinese_n can_v comprehend_v nor_o imagine_v the_o costly_a and_o princely_a palace_n which_o be_v in_o europe_n and_o when_o they_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o some_o of_o the_o say_a edifice_n have_v stand_v for_o many_o age_n they_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v amaze_v thereat_o but_o if_o they_o consider_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o such_o continuance_n they_o will_v rather_o applaud_v and_o imitate_v than_o wonder_n for_o that_o which_o make_v our_o building_n last_o so_o long_o be_v because_o we_o make_v deep_a foundation_n whereas_o in_o china_n they_o dig_v no_o foundation_n at_o all_o but_o lay_v the_o stone_n even_o with_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o they_o build_v high_a and_o heavy_a tower_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o soon_o decay_v and_o require_v daily_a reparation_n neither_o be_v this_o all_o for_o the_o house_n in_o china_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n build_v of_o wood_n or_o rest_n upon_o wooden_a pillar_n yet_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o tile_n as_o in_o europe_n and_o be_v contrive_v commodious_o within_o though_o not_o beautiful_a to_o the_o eye_n without_o however_o by_o the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o people_n they_o be_v keep_v very_o clean_a and_o neat_a their_o temple_n be_v most_o curious_o build_v some_o whereof_o in_o solitary_a place_n near_o the_o highway_n to_o the_o great_a accommodation_n of_o traveller_n they_o be_v hang_v full_a of_o image_n and_o heavy_a lamp_n which_o burn_v continual_o in_o memory_n of_o one_o or_o other_o that_o live_v well_o and_o die_v happy_o these_o people_n have_v make_v no_o small_a progress_n in_o several_a science_n by_o their_o early_a be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o art_n of_o print_v for_o though_o those_o of_o europe_n do_v therein_o exceed_v the_o chineses_n have_v reduce_v the_o same_o to_o more_o exactness_n and_o certain_a method_n yet_o say_v trigautius_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n the_o use_n of_o the_o printing-press_n be_v much_o soon_o in_o china_n than_o in_o europe_n for_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o same_o have_v be_v in_o use_n among_o the_o chinese_n for_o five_o age_n past_a nay_o some_o stick_v not_o to_o affirm_v that_o they_o use_v print_v before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n mercator_n in_o his_o great_a atlas_n write_v that_o the_o printing-press_n and_o the_o use_n of_o cannon_n be_v of_o so_o great_a antiquity_n in_o china_n that_o it_o be_v not_o know_v who_o be_v the_o inventor_n of_o they_o all_o which_o if_o it_o be_v take_v for_o grant_v yet_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v too_o large_a in_o say_v that_o that_o printing_n have_v be_v use_v by_o they_o ever_o since_o their_o country_n have_v be_v call_v the_o empire_n or_o kingdom_n of_o china_n
or_o perfume_a straw_n nor_o be_v their_o variety_n great_a in_o substance_n than_o their_o difference_n in_o fashion_n for_o some_o be_v round_o other_o foursquare_a &c_n &c_n such_o as_o be_v wear_v by_o the_o grandee_n be_v make_v of_o white_a paper_n gilt_n to_o open_v and_o shut_v at_o pleasure_n with_o one_o of_o which_o it_o be_v customary_a among_o they_o to_o present_v each_o other_o as_o a_o token_n of_o love_n and_o friendship_n these_o fan-maker_n also_o as_o aforesaid_a be_v employ_v much_o in_o the_o make_n of_o quittesole_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o fold_v canopy_n carry_v over_o the_o head_n of_o the_o grandee_n by_o their_o servant_n be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o stuff_n with_o fan_n and_o line_v with_o silk_n or_o linen_n the_o ruffian_n travel_v through_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n with_o woman_n in_o their_o company_n and_o where_o by_o chance_n they_o find_v any_o handsome_a young_a maid_n among_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n they_o use_v all_o art_n and_o mean_n to_o entice_v they_o away_o neither_o spare_a money_n or_o good_a word_n who_o if_o they_o prevail_v upon_o to_o follow_v they_o they_o afterward_o teach_v to_o dance_n and_o sing_n so_o make_v they_o fit_a for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o their_o hector_a blade_n and_o wild_a gallant_n when_o they_o be_v thus_o instruct_v the_o male-bawd_n endeavour_v to_o sell_v they_o either_o to_o the_o grandee_n outright_o or_o else_o to_o prostitute_v they_o for_o money_n for_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o day_n which_o turn_v to_o a_o considerable_a advantage_n for_o every_o of_o these_o broker_n for_o impudence_n have_v several_a woman_n that_o belong_v unto_o they_o according_a as_o their_o ability_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v they_o a_o maintenance_n they_o seldom_o stay_v long_o in_o a_o place_n but_o go_v from_o town_n to_o town_n and_o there_o reside_v long_o where_o they_o can_v meet_v with_o the_o best_a market_n whosoever_o hire_v one_o of_o these_o woman_n for_o a_o night_n lodging_n must_v receive_v she_o in_o the_o public_a manner_n hereafter_o describe_v viz._n she_o be_v set_v upon_o a_o ass_n and_o so_o conduct_v with_o a_o hood_n over_o her_o face_n to_o the_o house_n of_o he_o that_o send_v for_o she_o and_o when_o she_o be_v come_v to_o his_o house_n she_o cast_v aside_o her_o hood_n and_o then_o he_o receive_v and_o conduct_n she_o into_o the_o house_n there_o be_v also_o another_o sort_n of_o beggar_n here_o who_o set_v fire_n to_o a_o combustible_a kind_n of_o stuff_n upon_o their_o head_n which_o they_o suffer_v to_o burn_v there_o with_o such_o excessive_a pain_n and_o torment_n till_o they_o have_v extort_a some_o charity_n from_o the_o transient_a company_n with_o their_o howl_n and_o cry_v endure_v very_o great_a misery_n all_o that_o while_n and_o last_o upon_o every_o public_a market-day_n there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v whole_a troop_n of_o blind_a beggar_n in_o the_o several_a city_n and_o town_n who_o beat_v themselves_o upon_o their_o naked_a breast_n most_o furious_o with_o great_a round_a stone_n till_o the_o very_a blood_n drop_v from_o they_o beside_o what_o be_v mention_v before_o there_o be_v several_a other_o trade_n in_o china_n as_o the_o bake_n of_o porcelain_n or_o china-ware_n the_o gumming_n and_o paint_v of_o chest_n trunk_n and_o box_n as_o also_o the_o weave_a of_o carpent_n damask_n cotton_n and_o several_a other_o stuff_n which_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o omit_v in_o this_o chapter_n first_o in_o regard_n the_o same_o be_v already_o mention_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o our_o relation_n and_o also_o because_o the_o chineses_n do_v so_o infinite_o abound_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o art_n and_o handicraft-trade_n that_o it_o will_v take_v up_o too_o much_o time_n to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o notwithstanding_o this_o abundance_n of_o trade_n in_o china_n a_o great_a defect_n and_o abuse_n be_v observe_v in_o most_o of_o the_o commodity_n which_o be_v make_v there_o and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o they_o only_o appear_v and_o seem_v fair_a to_o the_o eye_n but_o be_v real_o for_o the_o most_o part_n very_a sleight_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n they_o may_v well_o be_v afford_v much_o cheap_a to_o the_o merchant_n chap._n iu._n of_o some_o strange_a custom_n fashion_n and_o manner_n in_o use_n among_o the_o chinese_n the_o ancient_a chineses_n call_v their_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n in_o old_a time_n by_o the_o name_n of_o courtesy_n or_o civility_n and_o other_o know_a manner_n yea_o and_o which_o be_v more_o civility_n or_o courtesy_n be_v hold_v with_o they_o for_o one_o of_o the_o five_o principal_a virtue_n among_o which_o as_o chief_a all_o other_o be_v comprehend_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o virtue_n consist_v as_o they_o say_v in_o the_o show_n of_o mutual_a respect_n now_o to_o be_v complete_a herein_o and_o to_o be_v master_n of_o ceremony_n they_o spend_v no_o small_a time_n to_o accomplish_v themselves_o yet_o some_o of_o they_o of_o a_o high_a speculation_n view_v humane_a vicissitude_n lament_v themselves_o that_o they_o can_v reject_v and_o shun_v these_o complimental_a formality_n although_o they_o do_v therein_o far_o exceed_v those_o of_o europe_n wherefore_o in_o this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v show_v in_o what_o manner_n they_o salute_v one_o another_o when_o they_o meet_v and_o afterward_o treat_v of_o some_o other_o manner_n and_o custom_n in_o use_n among_o they_o wherein_o they_o differ_v from_o other_o or_o among_o themselves_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o no_o point_n of_o civility_n among_o the_o chineses_n to_o take_v off_o the_o hat_n or_o to_o make_v leg_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o term_v much_o leâ—s_n to_o embrace_v any_o person_n or_o kiss_v his_o hand_n or_o make_v any_o outward_a show_n of_o compliment_n the_o most_o general_a and_o common_a way_n with_o they_o of_o show_v civility_n be_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o carry_v their_o hand_n when_o they_o walk_v unless_o they_o be_v to_o 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and_o reverence_n but_o the_o chief_a honour_n be_v give_v to_o king_n hunvuus_fw-la who_o deliver_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o restore_v the_o same_o to_o peace_n and_o honor._n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n they_o observe_v and_o reverence_v their_o superior_n and_o magistrate_n which_o they_o do_v in_o particular_a form_n and_o manner_n of_o speech_n as_o also_o in_o stately_a and_o noble_a visit_n neither_o be_v access_n free_a to_o they_o all_o but_o only_o to_o such_o as_o have_v bear_v some_o office_n of_o honour_n or_o trust_v in_o the_o kingdom_n or_o serve_v abroad_o in_o some_o honourable_a employment_n for_o such_o when_o they_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n be_v have_v in_o great_a esteem_n as_o well_o by_o the_o magistrate_n as_o people_n if_o any_o one_o have_v do_v his_o country_n considerable_a service_n behave_v himself_o well_o in_o his_o office_n have_v be_v prefer_v to_o some_o high_a degree_n of_o 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pleasant_a wood_n full_a of_o pinetree_n wall_v in_o and_o contain_v twelve_o italian_a mile_n in_o circumference_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o rise_v a_o hill_n whereupon_o be_v to_o be_v view_v several_a well-built_a tomb_n and_o divers_a other_o very_o famous_a work_n among_o which_o a_o certain_a idol-temple_n may_v be_v account_v the_o chief_a masterpiece_n for_o thereby_o do_v sufficient_o appear_v the_o great_a esteem_n these_o people_n have_v of_o their_o burying-place_n not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o pleasant_a solitariness_n but_o of_o the_o almost_o infinite_a cost_n bestow_v upon_o it_o it_o be_v situate_a upon_o a_o high_a hill_n and_o build_v all_o of_o wood_n except_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v of_o stone_n the_o entrance_n into_o this_o temple_n be_v by_o four_o large_a marble_n staircase_n each_o have_v several_a step_n with_o gate_n open_v towards_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n between_o which_o be_v four_o princely_a gallery_n support_v on_o 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vulgar_a sort_n of_o people_n have_v a_o place_v depute_v within_o the_o city_n where_o they_o bury_v promiscuous_o and_o without_o any_o ceremony_n or_o charge_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o form_n shape_v and_o make_v of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o clothes_n all_o the_o woman_n be_v short_a and_o low_a of_o stature_n and_o their_o chief_a beauty_n as_o they_o imagine_v consist_v in_o the_o smallness_n of_o their_o foot_n and_o therefore_o when_o they_o be_v young_a they_o bind_v and_o swath_n their_o foot_n they_o keep_v they_o from_o grow_v to_o their_o natural_a bigness_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o become_v general_o very_o small_a but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o the_o care_n for_o they_o be_v teach_v very_o young_a that_o it_o be_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o modesty_n to_o keep_v within_o door_n and_o not_o to_o be_v see_v frequent_o abroad_o in_o the_o street_n and_o therefore_o they_o account_v it_o especial_o in_o person_n of_o honour_n a_o great_a shame_n to_o appear_v open_o in_o the_o street_n yet_o they_o be_v bring_v up_o to_o dance_n sing_n and_o play_n upon_o such_o musical_a instrument_n as_o be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n handsome_a complaisant_a and_o ingenious_a and_o exceed_v in_o beauty_n and_o exact_a symmetry_n of_o body_n all_o other_o heathenish_a woman_n their_o complexion_n tend_v to_o whiteness_n and_o their_o eye_n be_v brown_a all_o their_o natural_a beauty_n and_o peculiar_a excellency_n they_o heighten_v with_o gold_n and_o paint_v but_o among_o all_o the_o rest_n they_o have_v this_o one_o single_a humour_n proper_a to_o themselves_o that_o they_o never_o pare_v the_o nail_n of_o their_o left_a hand_n and_o i_o myself_o see_v a_o gentlewoman_n at_o peking_n who_o wear_v a_o case_n make_v of_o reed_n about_o her_o finger_n to_o preserve_v her_o nail_n from_o break_v such_o as_o be_v rich_a be_v tender_o educate_v observe_v set-time_n of_o eat_v and_o drink_v but_o with_o great_a moderation_n be_v stint_v to_o a_o measure_n which_o they_o must_v not_o exceed_v and_o by_o this_o strict_a manner_n of_o live_v most_o of_o they_o grow_v very_o slender_a and_o handsome_a the_o woman_n wear_v no_o such_o hat_n but_o go_v in_o every_o respect_n as_o they_o do_v at_o this_o time_n with_o hair_n neat_o pleit_v and_o curious_o adorn_v with_o precious_a stone_n gold_n silver_n and_o flower_n but_o since_o this_o famous_a empire_n fall_v under_o the_o tyrannous_a yoke_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o become_v subject_a to_o they_o they_o have_v also_o submit_v to_o the_o tartarian_a mode_n of_o cut_v and_o wear_v the_o hair_n for_o now_o the_o chineses_n do_v cut_v off_o all_o their_o hair_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o conqueror_n reserve_v only_o one_o lock_n which_o hang_v down_o behind_o but_o certain_o have_v they_o not_o be_v reduce_v into_o the_o mean_a condition_n of_o servility_n they_o who_o take_v so_o much_o pride_n in_o wear_v long_a hair_n that_o thousand_o of_o they_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n rather_o than_o have_v their_o hair_n cut_v off_o will_v not_o now_o unconstrained_a have_v alter_v their_o mind_n and_o this_o i_o the_o rather_o believe_v for_o that_o they_o have_v a_o superstitious_a fancy_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v pull_v up_o into_o heaven_n by_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o head_n the_o fashion_n of_o their_o apparel_n alter_v as_o well_o as_o here_o in_o europe_n at_o present_a they_o general_o wear_v long_a gown_n of_o a_o blue_a colour_n which_o reach_v down_o to_o their_o heel_n wherein_o the_o man_n wrap_v themselves_o when_o they_o go_v abroad_o but_o the_o woman_n tie_v they_o close_o about_o their_o waste_v with_o a_o girdle_n both_o sort_n be_v make_v with_o large_a sleeve_n but_o those_o for_o the_o woman_n be_v much_o large_a at_o the_o hand_n whereas_o the_o man_n be_v make_v fit_a for_o their_o wrist_n and_o arms._n these_o form_n of_o apparel_n be_v wear_v by_o all_o without_o difference_n but_o only_o in_o substance_n they_o material_o differ_v for_o those_o of_o the_o noble_a sort_n be_v make_v of_o the_o rich_a silk_n embroider_a with_o dragon_n whereas_o the_o commonalty_n wear_v they_o make_v of_o ordinary_a stuff_n the_o learned_a such_o as_o they_o term_v philosopher_n wear_v foursquare_a cap_n or_o hat_n but_o the_o illiterate_a be_v forbid_v to_o wear_v other_o than_o round_o one_o make_v of_o horsehair_n only_o in_o winter_n they_o have_v of_o they_o make_v of_o silk_n or_o wool_n with_o a_o edge_n about_o it_o of_o sable_n they_o use_v no_o linen_n shirt_n as_o the_o european_n do_v next_o to_o their_o skin_n but_o only_o a_o frock_n make_v of_o white_a cotton_n which_o be_v so_o make_v that_o they_o tie_v it_o above_o the_o ankle_n with_o a_o ribbon_n they_o often_o wash_v and_o bathe_v themselves_o and_o spend_v
to_o all_o who_o burial_n they_o be_v invite_v and_o help_v to_o perform_v the_o ceremonial_a part_n of_o the_o funeral_n attire_v in_o very_o costly_a and_o rich_a habit_n and_o go_v before_o the_o corpse_n play_v upon_o flute_n and_o other_o musical_a justrument_n all_o this_o sect_n be_v under_o the_o command_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o one_o prelate_n call_v ciam_fw-la who_o dignity_n always_o descend_v upon_o one_o of_o his_o posterity_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v for_o above_o a_o thousand_o year_n it_o seem_v that_o this_o great_a dignity_n or_o office_n have_v its_o first_o rise_n from_o a_o certain_a soothsayer_n who_o live_v in_o a_o cave_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n where_o his_o posterity_n continue_v at_o present_a and_o practice_v the_o delusion_n of_o their_o ancestor_n this_o their_o highpriest_n ciam_fw-la be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n resident_n in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o very_o high_o honour_v by_o the_o emperor_n have_v a_o allow_v access_n into_o the_o middlemost_a part_n of_o the_o palace_n to_o bless_v and_o consecrate_v the_o room_n if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o be_v suspect_v to_o be_v haunt_v or_o molest_v with_o evil_a spirit_n he_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o street_n in_o a_o open_a chair_n in_o as_o great_a state_n as_o any_o of_o the_o most_o principal_a magistrate_n and_o receive_v yearly_o a_o good_a revenue_n from_o the_o emperor_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o description_n of_o the_o three_o chief_a sect_n in_o china_n out_o of_o which_o the_o ignorant_a and_o blind_a people_n have_v broach_v and_o set_v on_o foot_n so_o many_o hundred_o sort_n differ_v from_o one_o another_o in_o point_n of_o worship_n the_o emperor_n humvuus_fw-la the_o first_o of_o that_o race_n that_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o age_n have_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o china_n give_v express_v command_n that_o those_o three_o sect_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o government_n shall_v be_v strict_o observe_v by_o which_o he_o do_v infinite_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o follower_n but_o yet_o though_o he_o mention_v all_o he_o so_o order_v the_o matter_n that_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o learned_a only_o shall_v have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o manage_n the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o also_o shall_v have_v authority_n over_o the_o other_o two_o and_o this_o probable_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o one_o sect_n do_v not_o whole_o endeavour_v to_o abolish_v and_o extirpate_v the_o other_o because_o the_o emperor_n carry_v a_o equal_a hand_n to_o they_o all_o respect_v the_o one_o as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o and_o make_v use_v of_o they_o alike_o as_o he_o have_v occasion_n sometime_o cause_v a_o old_a temple_n to_o be_v repair_v and_o sometime_o a_o new_a one_o to_o be_v build_v for_o one_o or_o other_o of_o they_o as_o he_o think_v it_o expedient_a but_o the_o empress_n affect_v that_o sect_n best_o that_o maintain_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o be_v very_o bountiful_a to_o the_o priest_n thereof_o bestow_v large_a annuity_n and_o great_a income_n upon_o they_o the_o great_a number_n of_o idol_n which_o be_v find_v in_o china_n be_v incredible_a for_o not_o only_o the_o temple_n and_o such_o like_a place_n of_o worship_n be_v hang_v very_o full_a but_o also_o all_o house_n street_n ship_n etc._n etc._n be_v adorn_v with_o they_o and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a abomination_n that_o at_o first_o appear_v to_o all_o that_o come_v into_o china_n the_o next_o be_v the_o idol_n of_o pleasure_n which_o they_o call_v minifo_n and_o be_v compose_v and_o make_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o that_o of_o immortality_n but_o much_o big_a be_v common_o cast_v of_o brass_n hollow_a within_o and_o twenty_o foot_n high_a it_o carry_v a_o very_a pleasant_a countenance_n and_o like_o the_o former_a be_v very_o thick_a and_o corpulent_a with_o a_o belly_n stick_v out_o and_o that_o his_o gross_a and_o fat_a member_n may_v be_v the_o better_o see_v he_o sit_v with_o his_o whole_a body_n almost_o naked_a betwixt_o these_o sit_v in_o a_o chair_n be_v a_o image_n thirty_o foot_n high_a make_v of_o plaster_n have_v a_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n gild_v all_o over_o rich_o apparel_v with_o several_a other_o strange_a ornament_n they_o call_v this_o the_o great_a kingang_n and_o give_v it_o a_o respect_n in_o the_o high_a manner_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v two_o other_o the_o one_o be_v the_o goddess_n which_o at_o linain_n as_o it_o be_v already_o relate_v in_o our_o former_a description_n stand_v upon_o the_o temple_n dedicate_v to_o she_o it_o be_v thirty_o foot_n high_a very_o rich_o gild_v and_o have_v stand_v in_o that_o place_n ninety_o six_o year_n and_o upward_o the_o other_o sit_v in_o a_o chair_n rich_o adorn_v resemble_v one_o of_o the_o chinese_n governor_n who_o have_v do_v his_o country_n very_o good_a service_n for_o which_o they_o honour_v he_o since_o his_o death_n after_o this_o manner_n at_o his_o foot_n as_o a_o sign_n of_o victory_n be_v portray_v a_o certain_a country_n and_o in_o his_o hand_n to_o show_v his_o authority_n he_o hold_v a_o sceptre_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n near_o to_o the_o noble_a city_n of_o chaok_v in_o a_o well-built_a temple_n stand_v another_o statue_n of_o a_o certain_a governor_n of_o a_o province_n who_o have_v do_v his_o country_n extraordinary_a service_n six_o year_n together_o and_o as_o a_o return_n of_o thankfulness_n for_o the_o same_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n erect_v this_o image_n and_o temple_n and_o dedicate_v it_o unto_o he_o in_o cuchiung_a near_o to_o hangan_n there_o be_v a_o great_a stone_n above_o a_o hundred_o foot_n high_a call_v xinxe_n and_o signify_v the_o holy_a stone_n which_o they_o cover_v yearly_o quite_o over_o with_o gold_n and_o then_o worship_v it_o this_o piece_n of_o idolatry_n be_v command_v by_o the_o emperor_n mung._n near_o to_o the_o city_n ciok_v upon_o the_o mountain_n xepao_n be_v a_o great_a stone_n column_n with_o the_o image_n of_o the_o idol_n fe_o and_o a_o elephant_n lion_n and_o drum_z cut_v out_o of_o stone_n each_o of_o which_o be_v of_o several_a colour_n but_o who_o workmanship_n they_o be_v or_o who_o bring_v the_o same_o thither_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o chunk_v be_v a_o very_a strange_a great_a hill_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n feu_fw-fr between_o this_o city_n and_o another_o call_v tunchuen_n and_o on_o this_o hill_n be_v a_o mountainous_a idol_n call_v fe_o it_o be_v make_v sit_v with_o his_o leg_n cross-way_n and_o his_o hand_n clap_v over_o one_o another_o before_o he_o how_o incredible_o large_a the_o same_o be_v may_v be_v guess_v at_o by_o this_o that_o traveller_n can_v plain_o see_v his_o eye_n ear_n nose_n and_o mouth_n at_o two_o miles_n distance_n chap._n ix_o of_o idol-temple_n all_o this_o country_n do_v infinite_o abound_v with_o idol-temple_n which_o be_v build_v at_o very_o great_a charge_n and_o most_o common_o situate_a without_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n in_o solitary_a place_n and_o in_o these_o the_o traveller_n may_v find_v accommodation_n answerable_a to_o his_o desire_n adjoin_v to_o these_o temple_n stand_v common_o a_o tower_n with_o a_o small_a edifice_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o no_o less_o costly_a than_o artificial_o build_v these_o idolatrous_a place_n be_v fill_v with_o image_n and_o hang_v round_o with_o black_a lamp_n burn_a night_n and_o day_n in_o memory_n of_o such_o who_o live_v well_o and_o die_v happy_o when_o any_o governor_n of_o province_n be_v to_o be_v admit_v into_o their_o office_n they_o be_v swear_v in_o these_o temple_n that_o they_o shall_v faithful_o perform_v their_o duty_n i_o take_v a_o exact_a view_n of_o one_o of_o these_o structure_n of_o which_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o give_v this_o follow_a account_n the_o side_n of_o it_o be_v build_v with_o timber_n and_o the_o rooâ—_n tile_v the_o floor_n be_v in_o some_o place_n earth_n and_o in_o other_o of_o gray_a stone_n and_o on_o each_o of_o the_o side_n stand_v several_a great_a image_n in_o a_o row_n but_o at_o the_o entrance_n be_v one_o most_o dreadful_a to_o behold_v be_v a_o horn_v devil_n in_o a_o most_o terrible_a and_o frightful_a shape_n with_o a_o wide_a mouth_n and_o hand_n like_o the_o claw_n of_o a_o griffin_n in_o such_o a_o posture_n as_o if_o it_o will_v have_v seize_v those_o that_o enter_v within_o in_o the_o middle_n stand_v a_o altar_n upon_o which_o be_v erect_v another_o great_a image_n thirty_o foot_n high_a behind_o which_o stand_v a_o great_a number_n of_o small_a one_o before_o the_o great_a one_o there_o stand_v upon_o the_o altar_n a_o thick_a hollow_a bambo_n upon_o
that_o it_o be_v hear_v some_o mile_n distant_a in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n hard_a by_o the_o chief_a city_n nanchange_n be_v the_o mountain_n pechang_n which_o signify_v the_o mountain_n of_o a_o hundred_o rod_n because_o the_o water_n there_o run_v so_o far_o with_o great_a impetuousness_n in_o the_o river_n chuem_fw-la which_o run_v near_o to_o xunk_v through_o steep_a and_o cragged_a rock_n be_v thirty_o six_o great_a water-falls_a which_o continual_o roar_v with_o a_o most_o hideous_a noise_n near_o to_o the_o ten_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v a_o river_n call_v xemuen_v or_o heng_n which_o run_v with_o great_a boisterousness_n from_o a_o water-shoot_a that_o fall_v into_o it_o the_o river_n yao_n in_o its_o passage_n by_o the_o city_n liniao_n make_v so_o great_a a_o noise_n as_o if_o it_o thunder_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o taye_n be_v cataract_n that_o fall_v with_o great_a force_n at_o least_o four_o hundred_o rods._n near_o to_o the_o city_n tau_n be_v so_o plentiful_a a_o water-fall_a that_o it_o have_v cause_v a_o mere_a or_o lake_n near_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o choxang_n be_v a_o river_n call_v xangyung_a wherein_o be_v so_o great_a a_o fall_n of_o the_o water_n that_o when_o at_o any_o time_n a_o stone_n be_v but_o fling_v into_o it_o it_o cause_v rain_n and_o thunder_n which_o may_v well_o be_v esteem_v a_o prodigy_n near_o to_o the_o city_n hoeicheu_o lie_v the_o river_n singan_n which_o have_v at_o least_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o water-shoots_a fall_v into_o it_o between_o vale_n and_o rock_n in_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n near_o the_o city_n tingcheu_o be_v a_o river_n which_o run_v to_o jenp_v which_o have_v many_o of_o these_o water-falls_a and_o dangerous_a sand_n and_o rock_n insomuch_o that_o when_o any_o vessel_n sail_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n the_o skipper_n to_o avoid_v shipwreck_n fling_v out_o great_a bundle_n of_o straw_n beforehand_o which_o stop_v against_o the_o rock_n 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for_o some_o reason_n unknown_a kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o this_o river_n and_o ever_o since_o the_o water_n have_v retain_v a_o bloody_a tincture_n there_o run_v a_o river_n before_o the_o small_a city_n cuckoe_n in_o the_o province_n of_o suchue_n call_v the_o river_n of_o pearl_n for_o that_o in_o the_o night_n it_o glitter_v and_o sparkle_v as_o if_o it_o be_v full_a of_o precious_a stone_n also_o before_o the_o city_n of_o jungcheu_fw-la run_v the_o river_n siang_n who_o water_n be_v of_o a_o crystal_n clearness_n so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v several_a fathom_n deep_a yet_o one_o may_v see_v plain_o any_o thing_n that_o lie_v at_o the_o bottom_n near_o to_o foam_v run_v a_o small_a river_n from_o the_o mountain_n talao_n the_o water_n whereof_o turn_v blue_a in_o harvest_n at_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n wash_v their_o clothes_n in_o the_o same_o to_o give_v they_o that_o colour_n which_o it_o do_v with_o as_o good_a effect_n as_o any_o artificial_a dyer_n can_v do_v the_o river_n kiemo_n near_o to_o paogan_n be_v say_v to_o have_v such_o a_o occult_a quality_n that_o it_o will_v bear_v no_o vessel_n of_o wood_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o come_v upon_o it_o it_o sink_v as_o sudden_o as_o if_o it_o vanish_v in_o the_o air._n the_o like_a be_v the_o river_n io_n near_o to_o kancheu_o which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o weak_a river_n because_o it_o will_v bear_v nothing_o that_o be_v heavy_a near_o to_o chingtien_n upon_o the_o mountain_n cucai_n be_v a_o small_a river_n who_o water_n be_v very_o sweet_a and_o well_o scent_v near_o to_o choxan_n be_v the_o river_n cungyang_n who_o water_n take_v spot_n and_o stain_n out_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o clothes_n and_o be_v so_o natural_o cool_v to_o the_o air_n that_o it_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o therefore_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n have_v build_v a_o palace_n over_o this_o river_n to_o which_o they_o frequent_o resort_v to_o avoid_v the_o extraordinary_a heat_n the_o 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to_o his_o posterity_n and_o to_o continue_v his_o fame_n make_v great_a entertainment_n in_o the_o province_n of_o kiangsi_n near_o to_o the_o city_n of_o vucheu_fw-la run_v the_o river_n lieufan_n from_o whence_o the_o chineses_n fetch_v the_o water_n which_o they_o use_v in_o hour-glass_n in_o stead_n of_o sand_n because_o this_o water_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o least_o subject_a to_o alteration_n either_o of_o time_n or_o weather_n near_o to_o kiegan_n be_v a_o river_n call_v scent_v which_o signify_v a_o pipe_n or_o flute_n because_o the_o water_n run_v very_o swift_a through_o cliff_n and_o stony_a place_n make_v a_o very_a musical_a and_o delightful_a noise_n near_o to_o xincheu_fw-la be_v the_o river_n xo_o which_o do_v infallible_o cure_v several_a sort_n of_o disease_n in_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n near_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la run_v a_o river_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o course_n be_v call_v sometime_o i_o sometime_o cientang_n and_o in_o 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in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n nose_n and_o from_o his_o nostril_n arise_v two_o spring_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v warm_a the_o other_o cold_a in_o tengcheu_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n be_v a_o spring_n call_v hanuen_o which_o be_v a_o miracle_n in_o nature_n for_o it_o bubble_n forth_o water_v both_o hot_a and_o cold_a at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o separate_a and_o divide_v themselves_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o the_o city_n of_o lincheng_n be_v a_o fountain_n as_o clear_a as_o crystal_n be_v scarce_o five_o foot_n deep_a yet_o the_o top_n thereof_o be_v very_o cold_a but_o the_o bottom_n so_o hot_a that_o there_o be_v no_o endure_v to_o touch_v it_o with_o one_o foot_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n be_v a_o spring_n the_o one_o half_n whereof_o be_v
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though_o these_o tartar_a prince_n do_v govern_v with_o great_a care_n and_o prudence_n yet_o the_o chineses_n can_v not_o forget_v the_o great_a and_o horrible_a slaughter_v of_o their_o ancestor_n who_o bleed_a carcase_n lie_v as_o it_o be_v before_o their_o eye_n excite_v they_o to_o revenge_n and_o be_v likewise_o inward_o stimulate_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o liberty_n they_o have_v now_o already_o get_v the_o same_o in_o their_o thought_n which_o be_v yet_o far_o off_o and_o with_o great_a hazard_n to_o be_v seek_v for_o although_o the_o people_n be_v every_o where_o ready_a to_o revolt_v and_o shake_v off_o the_o tartar_n yoke_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o grandee_n or_o man_n of_o eminency_n dare_v lead_v the_o dance_n or_o break_v the_o ice_n but_o what_o providence_n ordain_v to_o be_v do_v shall_v never_o want_v mean_n to_o be_v effect_v as_o will_v plain_o appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n for_o while_o the_o great_a one_o dare_v not_o and_o the_o commons_o with_o a_o leader_n can_v not_o do_v aught_o at_o last_o a_o poor_a despicable_a fellow_n appear_v who_o name_n be_v chu_n and_o the_o servant_n of_o a_o priest_n this_o chu_n who_o take_v compassion_n of_o the_o miserable_a state_n of_o his_o oppress_a countryman_n and_o a_o displeasure_n in_o his_o own_o despicable_a fortune_n be_v of_o a_o high_a lofty_a and_o ambitious_a spirit_n leave_v his_o cloister_n and_o cell_n in_o which_o he_o have_v live_v for_o some_o year_n upon_o a_o high_a mountain_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o a_o secular_a life_n among_o robber_n and_o highwayman_n among_o who_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o become_v the_o vile_a and_o most_o wicked_a not_o fear_v to_o act_v what_o some_o spirit_n will_v tremble_v at_o the_o thought_n of_o so_o that_o for_o his_o great_a courage_n and_o boldness_n they_o begin_v to_o look_v upon_o he_o as_o the_o person_n that_o shall_v deliver_v their_o oppress_a country_n this_o imagination_n of_o his_o associate_n elevate_a his_o valou_n and_o be_v withal_o of_o a_o fluent_a and_o voluble_a tongue_n very_o quick_a of_o apprehension_n and_o of_o great_a understanding_n he_o never_o fail_v of_o courage_n conduct_v nor_o success_n so_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o grow_v so_o considerable_a in_o power_n and_o credit_n among_o the_o rabble_n that_o choose_v he_o their_o leader_n he_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v some_o thousand_o into_o the_o field_n be_v get_v thus_o into_o a_o posture_n not_o only_o to_o defend_v himself_o but_o to_o offend_v his_o enemy_n he_o resolve_v to_o show_v himself_o in_o the_o field_n for_o the_o deliverance_n of_o his_o country_n from_o the_o tartar_n vassalage_n under_o which_o they_o groan_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v to_o forsake_v his_o holes_n and_o fastness_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o to_o appear_v with_o his_o army_n upon_o the_o plain_a the_o fame_n whereof_o once_o noise_v make_v his_o force_n increase_v daily_o in_o number_n among_o who_o with_o his_o good_a conduct_n and_o courage_n he_o so_o prevail_v that_o he_o win_v their_o heart_n so_o that_o they_o think_v nothing_o too_o much_o to_o do_v for_o he_o and_o to_o show_v as_o well_o his_o providence_n as_o valour_n he_o cause_v the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n to_o be_v plough_v and_o manure_v to_o keep_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n from_o starve_v in_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v overpower_v by_o his_o enemy_n and_o force_v to_o retreat_v thither_o again_o chu_n at_o last_o encourage_v by_o these_o fortunate_a beginning_n draw_v his_o army_n together_o make_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o who_o not_o expect_v such_o a_o onset_n be_v soon_o beat_v and_o afterward_o overcome_v in_o several_a fight_v in_o which_o he_o be_v still_o victorious_a yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n fury_n and_o rage_n of_o war_n he_o still_o spare_v the_o native_a chineses_n promise_v to_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o liberty_n if_o they_o will_v forsake_v the_o tartar_n and_o adhere_v to_o hun_n by_o these_o mean_n and_o his_o continual_a spy_n which_o he_o have_v every_o where_o to_o give_v he_o intelligence_n he_o discover_v the_o design_n of_o the_o destroyer_n of_o his_o country_n who_o he_o so_o close_o pursue_v that_o they_o be_v at_o last_o force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n and_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n which_o redemption_n be_v effect_v in_o the_o year_n 1368._o when_o now_o chu_n from_o a_o mean_a servant_n have_v thus_o raise_v himself_o by_o drive_v those_o insult_a tartar_n out_o of_o the_o empire_n he_o erect_v in_o that_o year_n a_o new_a race_n which_o he_o call_v taicinga_n and_o change_v his_o own_o name_n according_a to_o custom_n he_o call_v himself_o hunguvus_n that_o be_v a_o great_a warrior_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n but_o the_o people_n out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n come_v to_o acknowledge_v and_o salute_v this_o their_o deliverer_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v overjoy_v that_o they_o have_v once_o again_o get_v one_o of_o their_o own_o native_n though_o of_o mean_a extraction_n to_o be_v their_o head_n and_o governor_n for_o it_o be_v the_o natural_a temper_n of_o that_o people_n to_o hate_v and_o vilify_v all_o foreigner_n but_o high_o to_o esteem_v of_o their_o own_o countryman_n humble_o request_v of_o he_o that_o he_o will_v take_v care_n as_o a_o native_a of_o china_n with_o such_o prudence_n to_o govern_v and_o protect_v the_o chinese_n throne_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v necessitate_v hereafter_o to_o call_v in_o a_o foreiner_n hunguvus_n thank_v they_o for_o their_o affection_n and_o take_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o whole_a sovereignty_n seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o nank_v where_o he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o honour_n that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o so_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o his_o empire_n that_o the_o people_n live_v under_o he_o in_o great_a security_n and_o freedom_n but_o this_o settlement_n he_o know_v will_v not_o long_o continue_v unless_o he_o provide_v to_o secure_v all_o from_o abroad_o therefore_o to_o prevent_v future_a trouble_n from_o his_o now_o vanquish_a foe_n and_o that_o the_o tartar_n who_o he_o have_v thus_o drive_v out_o may_v not_o rally_v and_o make_v head_n again_o he_o follow_v his_o advantage_n and_o conquest_n and_o with_o a_o considerable_a army_n enter_v tartary_n overcome_v they_o in_o several_a battle_n and_o so_o ruin_v their_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n with_o a_o promise_n to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n these_o be_v those_o tartar_n who_o after_o the_o overthrow_v give_v they_o as_o before_z relate_v flee_v into_o the_o country_n of_o ninche_n and_o indeed_o after_o those_o of_o ninche_n have_v make_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o emperor_n they_o bring_v yearly_a their_o present_n unto_o he_o as_o his_o subject_n and_o friend_n and_o be_v permit_v to_o trade_n in_o 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relief_n can_v possible_o be_v give_v they_o but_o the_o governor_n after_o the_o first_o attempt_n although_o provide_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n to_o withstand_v a_o siege_n yet_o in_o regard_n the_o harvest_n of_o corn_n prove_v very_o bad_a that_o year_n find_v upon_o survey_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o lengthen_v out_o the_o same_o by_o the_o best_a husbandry_n to_o serve_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o such_o a_o number_n of_o people_n for_o six_o month_n yet_o still_o though_o their_o magazine_n fall_v short_a they_o hold_v out_o and_o suffer_v very_o great_a hunger_n in_o hope_n that_o the_o emperor_n will_v come_v or_o send_v to_o their_o relief_n and_o at_o last_o such_o be_v their_o want_n that_o a_o pound_n of_o rice_n be_v sell_v for_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n a_o pound_n of_o old_a rot_a leather_n for_o twenty_o shilling_n nay_o they_o feed_v upon_o dead_a man_n flesh_n as_o free_o as_o upon_o any_o thing_n else_o thus_o do_v these_o loyal_a subject_n hold_v out_o beyond_o admiration_n before_o they_o will_v harbour_v any_o thought_n of_o yield_a but_o when_o they_o see_v themselves_o destitute_a of_o all_o hope_n of_o succour_n they_o unwilling_o submit_v to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o their_o fate_n this_o caifung_a lie_n in_o a_o great_a valley_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n which_o run_v at_o least_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o land-ward_n from_o it_o and_o in_o regard_n the_o water_n lie_v much_o high_a than_o the_o valley_n wherein_o the_o city_n be_v build_v there_o be_v make_v before_o it_o a_o bank_n or_o dike_n of_o stone_n to_o hinder_v the_o overflow_a of_o the_o same_o river_n the_o emperor_n at_o last_o understanding_n into_o what_o a_o straight_a the_o besiege_a be_v bring_v resolve_v to_o march_v to_o their_o relief_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n come_v with_o his_o army_n before_o the_o aforementioned_a stone_n bank_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o bore_v the_o same_o through_o and_o so_o drown_v the_o whole_a army_n of_o the_o besieger_n but_o the_o workman_n that_o be_v entrust_v not_o be_v so_o prudent_a as_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o a_o design_n so_o hazardous_a make_v too_o great_a a_o open_v in_o the_o bank_n so_o that_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n the_o water_n gush_v in_o with_o such_o violence_n that_o it_o not_o only_o drown_v most_o of_o the_o enemy_n army_n but_o the_o whole_a city_n also_o be_v overwhelm_v and_o almost_o all_o therein_o destroy_v with_o the_o inundation_n in_o this_o miserable_a calamity_n thus_o unfortunate_o happen_v above_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o person_n be_v drown_v and_o this_o famous_a city_n former_o the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n upon_o the_o nine_o of_o september_n 1642._o convert_v into_o pool_n with_o the_o adjacent_a country_n round_o about_o it_o for_o through_o the_o violent_a force_n of_o the_o water_n not_o only_o all_o the_o building_n and_o house_n be_v soon_o overturn_v but_o tree_n which_o have_v stand_v for_o many_o age_n be_v wash_v up_o by_o the_o root_n so_o that_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v nothing_o thereof_o leave_v to_o be_v see_v licungzus_n who_o in_o person_n escape_v this_o deluge_n with_o some_o few_o of_o his_o force_n yet_o once_o more_o make_v a_o shift_n to_o recruit_v his_o army_n upon_o the_o sight_n and_o muster_v whereof_o be_v still_o persuade_v that_o he_o shall_v get_v into_o the_o throne_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n of_o king_n call_z himself_z king_n xunnan_v that_o be_v a_o fortunate_a king_n the_o province_n of_o honan_n be_v thus_o subdue_v and_o bring_v to_o slavery_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o miserable_o handle_v with_o plunder_v and_o steal_v this_o upstart_n king_n depart_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la where_o he_o immediate_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o xigan_n which_o he_o take_v after_o three_o day_n give_v the_o plunder_n thereof_o to_o his_o soldier_n but_o out_o of_o a_o seem_a compassion_n he_o give_v the_o inhabitant_n their_o life_n he_o make_v this_o city_n upon_o its_o reduction_n the_o seat_n of_o his_o war_n and_o cause_v all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o the_o province_n and_o lay_v up_o there_o partly_o thereby_o to_o keep_v the_o country_n in_o awe_n and_o partly_o to_o hinder_v the_o chinese_n army_n from_o any_o provision_n in_o those_o part_n to_o support_v themselves_o against_o he_o and_o now_o become_v over-confident_a by_o success_n and_o doubt_v no_o long_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o he_o have_v already_o appropriate_v to_o himself_o in_o his_o thought_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n by_o the_o name_n of_o thienxun_n which_o signify_v obedient_a to_o heaven_n for_o by_o pretext_n of_o this_o glorious_a name_n which_o he_o use_v for_o a_o cloak_n to_o his_o villainy_n he_o give_v out_o in_o speech_n and_o so_o make_v his_o soldier_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v conclude_v in_o heaven_n that_o he_o shall_v ascend_v the_o throne_n and_o deliver_v the_o oppress_a subject_n out_o of_o the_o covetous_a hand_n of_o the_o present_a emperor_n to_o inflict_v punishment_n on_o the_o corrupt_a governor_n of_o province_n who_o have_v overburdened_a the_o people_n with_o intolerable_a tax_n and_o last_o to_o govern_v the_o empire_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n to_o all_o this_o the_o renegado_n chineses_n who_o have_v side_v with_o licungzus_n give_v easy_a credit_n be_v very_o forward_o not_o only_o to_o give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n as_o his_o ambition_n have_v assume_v it_o but_o do_v very_o believe_v he_o be_v send_v from_o heaven_n to_o govern._n and_o to_o add_v the_o great_a honour_n and_o lustre_n to_o his_o name_n and_o win_v their_o favour_n he_o govern_v they_o with_o great_a moderation_n and_o mildness_n so_o to_o make_v his_o action_n and_o his_o name_n seem_v agreeable_a for_o such_o as_o have_v do_v any_o wrong_n undergo_v no_o corporal_a punishment_n but_o be_v only_o chastise_v with_o kind_a word_n and_o good_a admonition_n all_o such_o chinese_n governor_n as_o refuse_v to_o submit_v to_o he_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n when_o take_v by_o he_o he_o abolish_v and_o take_v off_o several_a heavy_a tax_n that_o have_v be_v lay_v and_o then_o continue_v upon_o the_o people_n charge_v such_o as_o he_o make_v governor_n to_o rule_v gentle_o and_o love_o over_o his_o subject_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n through_o his_o cunning_a and_o crafty_a insinuation_n do_v this_o grand_a thief_n bring_v under_o his_o obedience_n several_a province_n without_o spill_v any_o blood_n for_o the_o commonalty_n which_o be_v bellua_fw-la multorum_fw-la capitum_fw-la &_o instabile_fw-la vulgus_fw-la be_v huge_o please_v with_o this_o new_a model_n of_o govern_v applaud_v their_o new_a emperor_n with_o high_a eulogium_n but_o beside_o the_o trouble_n occasion_v by_o the_o two_o grand_a robber_n there_o arise_v in_o the_o court_n another_o dispute_n and_o discontent_n as_o mischievous_a as_o the_o other_o and_o which_o be_v indeed_o the_o great_a occasion_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o great_a division_n among_o the_o governor_n themselves_o occasion_v by_o the_o jealousy_n and_o hatred_n they_o bear_v to_o one_o guei_n of_o the_o king_n bedchamber_n for_o the_o great_a authority_n commit_v to_o he_o and_o affection_n show_v he_o by_o the_o emperor_n who_o have_v not_o only_o entrust_v the_o whole_a government_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o prefer_v he_o to_o the_o best_a office_n and_o charge_n within_o his_o dominion_n but_o likewise_o treat_v with_o respect_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v his_o father_n but_o this_o favourite_n not_o know_v how_o to_o keep_v himself_o within_o the_o limit_n of_o moderation_n begin_v so_o to_o swell_v with_o pride_n that_o he_o cause_v several_a great_a person_n to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n or_o banishment_n for_o small_a offence_n which_o exorbitant_a cruelty_n bring_v he_o into_o great_a hatred_n not_o only_o with_o the_o noble_n and_o grandee_n but_o also_o with_o the_o prince_n zungchinius_n himself_o who_o by_o the_o information_n of_o the_o prime_a person_n about_o he_o be_v acquaint_v with_o his_o carriage_n begin_v to_o abate_v much_o of_o his_o love_n towards_o he_o this_o occasion_v a_o very_a great_a fraction_n among_o the_o governor_n and_o rix-councellor_n who_o be_v divide_v upon_o it_o into_o two_o faction_n so_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o considerable_a person_n to_o be_v find_v who_o do_v not_o side_n with_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o each_o endeavour_v to_o ruin_v his_o adversary_n yet_o still_o both_o pretend_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o state_n but_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n foresee_v the_o ruin_n
against_o he_o with_o so_o great_a a_o army_n and_o that_o himself_o be_v in_o no_o condition_n to_o oppose_v they_o relinquish_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o have_v thus_o long_o keep_v receive_v the_o new_a honour_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o tartar_n for_o lawful_a emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v he_o who_o not_o long_o before_o for_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n now_o bring_v over_o to_o fight_v against_o his_o own_o countryman_n and_o with_o the_o tartar_n help_v conquer_v the_o empire_n and_o at_o last_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v quite_o vanquish_v the_o robber_n in_o xensi_fw-la in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n go_v and_o settle_v his_o court_n in_o the_o city_n of_o sigan_n and_o thus_o do_v the_o tartar_n prefer_v this_o lord_n to_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n who_o have_v so_o often_o fight_v against_o they_o with_o great_a success_n but_o trust_v he_o not_o with_o any_o military_a employment_n as_o well_o know_v what_o such_o a_o expert_a and_o valiant_a commander_n well_o guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o love_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o will_v purchase_v be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o case_n fortune_n shall_v afterward_o become_v froward_a and_o begin_v to_o frown_v upon_o they_o what_o become_v of_o licungzus_n be_v not_o certain_o know_v for_o his_o force_n be_v most_o of_o they_o kill_v upon_o the_o place_n by_o usanguejus_n and_o therefore_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o slaughter_n among_o the_o rest_n for_o he_o never_o be_v hear_v of_o after_o that_o battle_n the_o other_o tartar_n who_o be_v send_v towards_o xantung_n and_o peking_n soon_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o they_o meet_v with_o little_a or_o no_o resistance_n but_o yet_o the_o great_a stop_n that_o be_v after_o put_v to_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v the_o law_n they_o publish_v whereby_o the_o chineses_n be_v command_v to_o wear_v their_o hair_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n this_o do_v very_o much_o alienate_v their_o affection_n from_o the_o tartar_n for_o they_o of_o china_n take_v great_a pride_n in_o their_o hair_n and_o therefore_o do_v fight_v more_o valiant_o to_o defend_v that_o than_o for_o the_o safety_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o emperor_n insomuch_o that_o thousand_o who_o perhaps_o otherwise_o will_v have_v submit_v peaceable_o choose_v rather_o to_o lose_v their_o head_n than_o their_o tress_n nevertheless_o the_o tartar_n be_v so_o successful_a in_o their_o war_n that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o month_n they_o conquer_a four_z northern_a province_n viz._n peking_n xansi_fw-la xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_v but_o for_o the_o rest_n they_o use_v another_o mean_n which_o get_v they_o more_o than_o the_o sword_n and_o indeed_o be_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o policy_n for_o they_o make_v no_o manner_n of_o alteration_n in_o the_o government_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v but_o suffer_v the_o conduct_n and_o direction_n of_o all_o civil_a affair_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n to_o continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n wherein_o it_o be_v settle_v before_o and_o this_o one_o thing_n bring_v the_o tartar_n into_o such_o favour_n and_o esteem_v with_o the_o chinese_n that_o they_o ready_o submit_v themselves_o to_o their_o command_n only_o herein_o consist_v all_o the_o mark_n of_o their_o vassalage_n that_o the_o conqueror_n reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o martial_a affair_n nevertheless_o such_o chinese_n commander_n as_o they_o have_v find_v faithful_a be_v still_o employ_v by_o they_o and_o even_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n itself_o the_o same_o order_n as_o to_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v observe_v only_o one_o half_a of_o the_o judge_n be_v tartar_n and_o the_o other_o chineses_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o governor_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n where_o the_o first_o disturbance_n of_o the_o robber_n begin_v have_v information_n of_o the_o strait_o the_o emperor_n be_v reduce_v to_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o be_v already_o upon_o their_o march_n to_o his_o rescue_n but_o when_o they_o be_v certify_v of_o his_o death_n and_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n they_o immediate_o return_v with_o all_o their_o force_n and_o not_o long_o after_o understand_v that_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o usanguejus_n be_v call_v in_o as_o aid_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v become_v absolute_a master_n thereof_o the_o very_a thought_n of_o which_o much_o perplex_a their_o spirit_n and_o this_o spread_v likewise_o a_o great_a consternation_n among_o all_o the_o people_n even_o as_o far_o as_o nank_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o advise_v or_o do_v but_o at_o last_o the_o general_n take_v courage_n and_o set_v up_o after_o a_o long_a serious_a consultation_n one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o chinese_n crown_n as_o grandchild_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n and_o cousin_n of_o the_o last_o emperor_n zungchinius_n who_o heretofore_o keep_v his_o court_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n but_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o robber_n remove_v to_o nank_v where_o upon_o his_o arrival_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o great_a pomp_n and_o state_n set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o proclaim_v he_o emperor_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hunquang_n in_o hope_n to_o effect_v great_a matter_n by_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v in_o his_o throne_n but_o he_o send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o demand_v a_o peace_n upon_o term_n of_o leave_v all_o the_o northern_a province_n to_o they_o which_o they_o have_v take_v but_o the_o tartar_n well_o understanding_n that_o the_o scope_n of_o this_o embassy_n be_v only_o intend_v to_o gain_v time_n till_o the_o chineses_n can_v recruit_v themselves_o with_o man_n and_o money_n reject_v his_o offer_n and_o return_v he_o answer_v that_o they_o will_v either_o have_v the_o whole_a country_n or_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n till_o they_o have_v accomplish_v what_o they_o have_v undertake_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n whilst_o the_o ambassador_n be_v upon_o his_o return_n home_o and_o that_o both_o party_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n there_o appear_v in_o nank_v a_o youth_n who_o give_v himself_o out_o for_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n and_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v it_o with_o some_o peculiar_a remark_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o make_v a_o great_a addition_n to_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o report_n be_v that_o several_a gelubden_n and_o other_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n pretend_v to_o know_v he_o but_o hunquang_n who_o have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o government_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n settle_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n refuse_v to_o own_o he_o for_o the_o lawful_a son_n of_o zungchinius_n but_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v apprehend_v as_o a_o impostor_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o in_o this_o cruel_a resolution_n he_o persist_v notwithstanding_o that_o all_o the_o commander_n and_o governor_n oppose_v he_o and_o extreme_o hate_v and_o malign_v he_o for_o it_o for_o they_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o youth_n this_o business_n occasion_v so_o much_o and_o so_o long_a trouble_n among_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o interim_n take_v the_o opportunity_n to_o subject_v the_o province_n of_o nank_v wherein_o they_o find_v little_a or_o no_o opposition_n in_o regard_n the_o chinese_n commander_n be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o to_o that_o height_n of_o malice_n that_o some_o refuse_v to_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o tartar_n on_o purpose_n to_o work_v a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o new_a emperor_n whereupon_o they_o come_v immediate_o to_o hoaigan_n the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n and_o without_o make_v any_o stop_n or_o delay_n they_o take_v in_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o ferry_v over_o the_o same_o in_o boaâ—s_n though_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o be_v well_o line_v with_o chinese_n soldier_n who_o no_o soon_o perceive_v the_o tartar_n in_o earnest_a to_o put_v themselves_o aboard_o for_o passage_n but_o they_o leave_v their_o station_n and_o flee_v like_o so_o many_o sheep_n pursue_v by_o wolf_n the_o tartar_n thus_o get_v over_o which_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o prevent_v if_o the_o guard_n appoint_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o bank_n have_v show_v but_o the_o least_o courage_n fall_v with_o their_o whole_a army_n into_o the_o say_a province_n and_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o
not_o set_v forth_o a_o edict_n thereby_o command_v every_o person_n to_o cut_v his_o hair_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n upon_o the_o first_o hear_v of_o which_o the_o chinese_n commander_n and_o inhabitant_n who_o have_v as_o much_o love_n for_o their_o hair_n as_o their_o country_n begin_v to_o fly_v to_o their_o arm_n with_o a_o resolution_n to_o fight_v for_o their_o hair_n which_o they_o do_v with_o such_o valour_n and_o courage_n that_o they_o beat_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o the_o city_n of_o xaok_v force_v they_o to_o fly_v over_o the_o river_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o their_o man_n and_o doubtless_o if_o at_o this_o time_n they_o have_v pursue_v they_o may_v have_v regain_v those_o place_n they_o have_v lose_v but_o be_v satisfy_v in_o their_o mind_n that_o they_o have_v thus_o preserve_v their_o hair_n they_o cease_v to_o pursue_v their_o victory_n only_o make_v resistance_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o river_n where_o they_o so_o fortify_v themselves_o with_o the_o raise_n bulwark_n and_o fort_n that_o the_o tartar_n desist_v for_o a_o whole_a year_n without_o make_v any_o considerable_a attempt_n the_o people_n have_v unfortunate_o lose_v their_o faithful_a and_o too_o zealous_o love_v prince_n lovangus_n endeavour_v to_o make_v another_o head_n over_o they_o and_o to_o create_v one_o lu._n of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n emperor_n but_o he_o likewise_o refuse_v the_o imperial_a title_n only_o take_v upon_o he_o that_o of_o restorer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o tartar_n find_v their_o army_n much_o weaken_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o man_n they_o have_v lose_v in_o several_a battle_n so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o effect_v any_o considerable_a design_n send_v for_o fresh_a man_n from_o peking_n to_o reinforce_v their_o troop_n wherewith_o they_o endeavour_v to_o pass_v the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi but_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o force_n and_o policy_n they_o can_v use_v be_v not_o able_a to_o accomplish_v it_o and_o thus_o the_o chineses_n begin_v by_o degree_n to_o recover_v their_o lose_a country_n which_o have_v undoubted_o have_v very_o prosperous_o succeed_v if_o a_o unfortunate_a accident_n have_v not_o happen_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n which_o prevent_v it_o the_o story_n thus_o the_o soldiery_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n that_o be_v flee_v out_o of_o chekiang_n have_v with_o they_o one_o of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n who_o they_o proclaim_v emperor_n in_o the_o same_o province_n which_o border_n upon_o that_o of_o chekiang_n this_o prince_n be_v of_o a_o lofty_a and_o ambitious_a nature_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v himself_o within_o bound_n send_v some_o to_o persuade_v king_n lu._n to_o renounce_v his_o sovereignty_n to_o lay_v down_o his_o government_n and_o quit_v the_o title_n of_o restorer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n allege_v that_o he_o have_v but_o few_o city_n and_o be_v not_o so_o near_o ally_v to_o the_o former_a emperor_n as_o himself_o lu._n argue_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n that_o he_o have_v the_o priority_n of_o title_n by_o the_o election_n and_o submission_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o his_o conquest_n sufficient_o show_v the_o love_n he_o bear_v and_o the_o service_n he_o have_v do_v his_o country_n the_o tartar_n be_v not_o a_o little_a overjoy_v at_o these_o division_n which_o give_v they_o a_o opportunity_n to_o work_v their_o end_n by_o reduce_v the_o whole_a empire_n under_o their_o power_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reconcile_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o two_o new_a king_n so_o as_o they_o may_v join_v their_o force_n against_o the_o tartar_n each_o of_o they_o still_o endeavour_v what_o he_o can_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o other_o and_o in_o regard_n lu._n have_v but_o eight_o city_n under_o his_o command_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v a_o army_n sufficient_a to_o grapple_v with_o the_o tartar_n he_o only_o stand_v upon_o the_o defensive_a part_n and_o never_o dare_v venture_v over_o the_o river_n the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n labour_v with_o their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o get_v over_o the_o river_n but_o with_o ship_n they_o dare_v not_o attempt_v understand_v very_o well_o that_o lu._n have_v sufficient_a to_o oppose_v notwithstanding_o which_o fortune_n too_o much_o favour_v the_o tartar_n in_o their_o undertake_n it_o happen_v this_o year_n to_o be_v a_o very_a hot_a and_o dry_a summer_n so_o that_o the_o river_n on_o the_o southside_n be_v thereby_o grow_v shallow_a of_o which_o they_o by_o the_o information_n of_o some_o treacherous_a chineses_n have_v intelligence_n find_v out_o a_o fordable_a place_n for_o their_o horse_n whereof_o a_o few_o only_o be_v get_v over_o give_v present_o sudden_a alarm_n to_o the_o country_n that_o so_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o flee_v and_o leave_v all_o to_o save_v their_o life_n lu._n himself_o be_v so_o surprise_v at_o the_o news_n that_o he_o abandon_v the_o city_n xaok_v and_o flee_v into_o the_o island_n cheuxan_n situate_v over_o against_o ningpo_n the_o nine_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o chekiang_n where_o he_o live_v several_a year_n after_o this_o island_n never_o inhabit_v before_o but_o by_o a_o company_n of_o poor_a fisherman_n and_o peasant_n be_v now_o through_o the_o concourse_n of_o the_o chinese_n flee_v thither_o to_o aid_v this_o lu._n as_o the_o protector_n of_o their_o hair_n grow_v to_o be_v so_o great_a and_o powerful_a a_o kingdom_n that_o there_o be_v reckon_v in_o the_o same_o seventy_o two_o city_n the_o chinese_n and_o their_o protector_n be_v thus_o flee_v the_o tartar_n conquer_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n without_o meet_v with_o any_o opposition_n only_o the_o city_n of_o kinhoa_n whereof_o the_o tutang_n be_v governor_n do_v withstand_v for_o some_o month_n their_o victorious_a arm_n for_o the_o governor_n be_v resolve_v to_o quit_v himself_o with_o courage_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o country_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o valour_n and_o resolution_n at_o last_o the_o tartar_n have_v plant_v some_o great_a gun_n before_o the_o city_n they_o make_v a_o large_a breach_n in_o the_o wall_n at_o which_o they_o enter_v and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n insomuch_o that_o they_o leave_v not_o one_o house_n stand_v the_o governor_n himself_o to_o prevent_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n cause_v himself_o and_o his_o family_n to_o be_v blow_v up_o with_o power_n in_o his_o palace_n one_o of_o the_o same_o three_o army_n be_v already_o upon_o its_o march_n in_o order_n to_o the_o subdue_a the_o province_n of_o fokien_n but_o be_v in_o no_o small_a trouble_n where_o to_o begin_v the_o same_o to_o their_o own_o least_o prejudice_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o hindrance_n give_v to_o they_o by_o the_o steep_a hill_n and_o mountain_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o entrance_n into_o this_o province_n for_o between_o fokien_n and_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n kiangsi_n and_o chekiang_n lie_v a_o row_n of_o inaccessible_a rock_n and_o mountain_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o the_o other_o three_o and_o to_o get_v over_o the_o same_o be_v not_o only_o a_o troublesome_a but_o tedious_a journey_n of_o three_o day_n so_o that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o very_a easy_a matter_n to_o the_o chineses_n to_o have_v hinder_v at_o least_o if_o not_o stop_v the_o tartar_n in_o their_o march_n through_o these_o mountain_n if_o they_o have_v guard_v the_o same_o but_o with_o a_o few_o peasant_n but_o they_o be_v so_o fright_v and_o amaze_v at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n upon_o their_o first_o approach_n so_o that_o at_o last_o though_o with_o infinite_a trouble_n they_o get_v over_o they_o into_o fokien_n which_o they_o subdue_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o for_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v little_a or_o no_o opposition_n the_o tartar_n be_v favourable_a unto_o they_o this_o do_v and_o have_v reinforce_v their_o army_n they_o march_v to_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n through_o those_o of_o huquang_n and_o kiangsi_n whither_o be_v come_v and_o attaque_a the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o they_o soon_o lay_v it_o whole_o waste_v because_o it_o have_v make_v some_o opposition_n against_o they_o move_v by_o the_o terror_n of_o who_o example_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n not_o dare_v to_o stand_v out_o submit_v at_o first_o summons_n these_o province_n thus_o bring_v under_o a_o army_n be_v send_v for_o peking_n with_o order_n to_o settle_v in_o each_o city_n a_o strong_a garrison_n and_o magistrate_n over_o both_o civil_a and_o military_a affair_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tartar_n emperor_n but_o there_o be_v some_o that_o give_v another_o reason_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o tartar_n happen_v to_o master_n the_o province_n of_o fokien_n with_o so_o little_a
way_n of_o life_n 3._o then_o one_o of_o the_o divine_a person_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a trinity_n god_n call_v the_o messiah_n by_o contract_v and_o hide_v his_o majesty_n and_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o humane_a nature_n be_v make_v man_n wherefore_o for_o the_o declare_v these_o joyful_a tiding_n he_o select_v a_o angel_n and_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o virgin_n in_o judea_n a_o great_a star_n also_o proclaim_v this_o felicity_n so_o that_o king_n see_v its_o brightness_n come_v and_o offer_v present_n that_o the_o law_n and_o prophecy_n of_o the_o twenty_o four_o prophet_n may_v be_v fulfil_v he_o govern_v the_o world_n by_o one_o great_a law_n found_v the_o divine_a and_o spiritual_a law_n without_o any_o thunder_a word_n and_o confirm_v it_o with_o the_o seal_n of_o a_o true_a faith_n he_o pronounce_v the_o eight_o beatitude_n turn_v mundane_a thing_n into_o eternal_a open_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o three_o theological_a virtue_n and_o give_v life_n by_o destroy_a death_n he_o descend_v into_o hell_n in_o person_n and_o bring_v confusion_n to_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angel_n he_o waft_v good_a man_n to_o heaven_n in_o the_o ship_n of_o his_o piety_n and_o give_v salvation_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o iust._n these_o thing_n finish_v about_o noon_n by_o his_o wonderful_a power_n he_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n leave_v twenty_o seven_o tome_n or_o volume_n of_o his_o doctrine_n to_o open_v a_o way_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o world_n he_o institute_v baptism_n by_o water_n and_o the_o spirit_n for_o the_o wash_n away_o of_o sin_n and_o cleanse_v the_o world_n he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o may_v take_v in_o all_o without_o exception_n stir_v up_o all_o by_o the_o voice_n of_o charity_n command_v to_o worship_n towards_o the_o east_n that_o they_o may_v proceed_v in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o glorious_a life_n 4._o his_o minister_n or_o priest_n for_o outward_a ornament_n sake_n nourish_v their_o beard_n but_o shave_v the_o crown_n of_o their_o head_n that_o they_o may_v show_v they_o be_v inward_o incline_v to_o no_o evil_a they_o use_v no_o servant_n in_o prosperity_n and_o adversity_n they_o show_v wonderful_a humility_n make_v themselves_o equal_a to_o the_o mean_a they_o heap_v not_o up_o riches_n but_o make_v they_o all_o common_a they_o observe_v fast_n as_o well_o for_o mortification_n of_o their_o passion_n as_o observation_n of_o the_o divine_a precept_n they_o bear_v all_o awful_a reverence_n to_o their_o superior_n who_o be_v equal_o as_o themselves_o retire_v from_o the_o world_n seven_o time_n a_o day_n they_o pray_v as_o well_o for_o the_o live_n as_o the_o dead_a and_o one_o day_n in_o seven_o they_o keep_v holy_a to_o purge_v their_o soul_n from_o sin_n law_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o purity_n and_o because_o this_o infallible_a and_o wellgrounded_n law_n be_v so_o excellent_a it_o be_v a_o very_a difficult_a thing_n to_o appropriate_v to_o it_o a_o congruous_a name_n for_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v to_o illuminate_v and_o find_v out_o all_o thing_n with_o the_o clear_a perspicacity_n whereupon_o as_o necessary_a it_o be_v entitle_v kim_n kiao_o that_o be_v the_o great_a and_o perspicuous_a law_n 5._o the_o law_n where_o there_o be_v no_o royal_a person_n be_v neither_o extend_v nor_o dilate_v yet_o person_n royal_a without_o the_o law_n be_v not_o worthy_a of_o esteem_n the_o law_n therefore_o and_o prince_n concord_v and_o as_o it_o be_v meet_v in_o one_o forthwith_o the_o world_n be_v illuminate_v in_o this_o famous_a time_n a_o king_n name_v tai_n cum_fw-la veu_n huamti_fw-la with_o singular_a prudence_n and_o sanctity_n govern_v china_n there_o come_v out_o of_o judea_n a_o man_n of_o very_o great_a virtue_n style_v olo_n puen_o who_o bring_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o cloud_n this_o true_a doctrine_n and_o drive_v by_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o help_n of_o hydrographical_a map_n have_v sustain_v many_o danger_n and_o much_o labour_n at_o length_n in_o the_o year_n chin_n quon_n jeu_fw-fr sie_n that_o be_v 636._o he_o arrive_v at_o the_o king_n palace_n when_o the_o king_n hear_v thereof_o he_o command_v the_o famous_a colao_n call_v fam_n kien_n lyam_n that_o he_o shall_v ride_v to_o meet_v this_o new_a guest_n towards_o the_o west_n that_o be_v towards_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n and_o shall_v bring_v he_o to_o the_o palace_n with_o all_o kindness_n and_o respect_n then_o he_o direct_v he_o to_o declare_v his_o doctrine_n there_o when_o at_o once_o he_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o law_n whereof_o be_v satisfy_v he_o serious_o command_v the_o same_o to_o be_v preach_v and_o publish_a with_o efficacy_n and_o reverence_n through_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 12_o cin_n quon_n 7_o which_o be_v 636._o he_o write_v back_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o tenor_n of_o the_o promulgation_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o true_a law_n have_v no_o determinate_a name_n nor_o have_v the_o saint_n any_o limit_a place_n where_o they_o remain_v they_o run_v to_o all_o part_n that_o they_o may_v instruct_v the_o world_n be_v intent_n with_o might_n and_o main_a to_o do_v good_a and_o succour_v the_o afflict_a people_n out_o of_o the_o far_o distant_a and_o remote_a kingdom_n of_o tancin_n or_o judea_n olo_n puen_n a_o man_n of_o most_o eminent_a virtue_n bring_v and_o present_v his_o doctrine_n and_o certain_a image_n to_o our_o princely_a palace_n who_o intention_n to_o instruct_v we_o we_o have_v examine_v to_o the_o bottom_n do_v find_v his_o doctrine_n most_o excellent_a without_o any_o exterior_a clamour_n and_o take_v its_o original_n from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n this_o doctrine_n consist_v not_o in_o multitude_n of_o word_n nor_o do_v it_o lie_v only_o in_o a_o superficial_a foundation_n for_o truth_n but_o bring_v profit_n and_o salvation_n to_o mankind_n wherefore_o it_o be_v meet_v that_o it_o be_v divulge_v through_o our_o whole_a empire_n he_o command_v also_o the_o mandorin_n call_v nim_n fam_n to_o build_v a_o large_a church_n and_o to_o officiate_v therein_o the_o author_n kim_n limb_o praise_n this_o king_n for_o enervate_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o monarchy_n of_o cheu_n olad_v in_o that_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o sect_n stai_n in_o or_o tansu_n he_o depart_v in_o a_o black_a chariot_n towards_o the_o west_n that_o be_v out_o of_o china_n but_o where_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n be_v make_v famous_a with_o tao_n the_o holy_a gospel_n be_v bring_v into_o china_n a_o little_a after_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o effigy_n of_o the_o same_o olo_n puen_n who_o as_o we_o say_v first_o preach_v here_o the_o gospel_n careful_o and_o exact_o to_o be_v paint_v and_o so_o to_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o wall_n this_o most_o excellent_a figure_n shine_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o his_o memory_n will_v always_o be_v refulgent_a in_o the_o world_n 6._o according_a to_o geographer_n who_o mention_v those_o western_a part_n geographer_n and_o by_o the_o historian_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o han_n and_o guei_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tancin_n that_o be_v judea_n on_o the_o south_n be_v bound_v by_o the_o red-sea_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o mountain_n of_o pearl_n on_o the_o west_n boco_fw-it das_fw-mi fullas_fw-la which_o what_o it_o be_v be_v hard_o to_o conjecture_v but_o i_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v carmel_n bound_v it_o last_o on_o the_o east_n it_o border_n on_o this_o place_n ciam_fw-la fam_fw-la and_o the_o dead_a water_n this_o land_n cast_v forth_o ash_n yet_o hot_a with_o fire_n perhaps_o he_o mean_v the_o asphaltick_a lake_n produce_v balsamum_n little_a gem_n and_o carbuncle_n by_o which_o he_o seem_v to_o mean_v egypt_n with_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o red-sea_n where_o the_o thing_n aforesaid_a be_v find_v there_o be_v neither_o thief_n nor_o murderer_n but_o the_o people_n live_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n they_o admit_v of_o no_o religion_n into_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o gospel_n nor_o do_v they_o confer_v any_o dignity_n but_o on_o person_n merit_v the_o same_o by_o virtue_n their_o building_n be_v very_o large_a in_o a_o word_n the_o kingdom_n be_v famous_a for_o poetry_n order_n and_o good_a manner_n 7._o docao_n or_o caozum_fw-la cum_fw-la the_o son_n of_o tai_n cum_fw-la come_v to_o the_o government_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 651._o our_o author_n kim_n lim_z speak_v thus_o of_o he_o cao_n vim_o otherwise_o caozum_fw-la a_o very_a great_a prince_n not_o at_o all_o degenerate_v from_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o grandfather_n be_v please_v with_o honour_n to_o continue_v his_o good_a intent_n and_o also_o to_o improve_v whatever_o his_o father_n have_v begin_v he_o command_v church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o all_o province_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o enoble_v olo_n puen_v with_o the_o title_n of_o bishop_n of_o the_o great_a
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one_o i_o say_v who_o right_o understand_v what_o i_o have_v above_o relate_v concern_v the_o voyage_n of_o st._n thomas_n the_o apostle_n which_o be_v at_o large_a handle_v by_o osorius_n bishop_n of_o sylva_n who_o have_v elegant_o compile_v the_o indian_a history_n whence_o from_o these_o region_n even_o now_o declare_v viz._n from_o cabul_n caphurstan_n tibet_n and_o mogul_n he_o may_v easy_o by_o the_o bishop_n his_o successor_n propagate_v the_o sacred_a gospel_n of_o christ_n into_o the_o remote_a province_n and_o kingdom_n to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o tartary_n this_o ortelius_n open_o confirm_v who_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o archon_n situate_v in_o the_o utmost_a angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o north_n be_v convert_v unto_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o st._n thomas_n you_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o of_o his_o successor_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n there_o be_v no_o part_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n which_o have_v not_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o 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they_o in_o so_o great_a veneration_n that_o no_o person_n dare_v undertake_v any_o thing_n till_o such_o time_n as_o he_o have_v perform_v his_o devotion_n there_o i_o shall_v allege_v petrus_n jarricus_fw-la as_o a_o witness_n of_o this_o matter_n who_o in_o the_o five_o book_n of_o his_o indian_a history_n publish_v in_o french_a chap._n 51._o speak_v of_o they_o have_v these_o word_n follow_v beside_o these_o wooden_a idol_n there_o be_v other_o which_o they_o call_v chinees_n make_v for_o workmanship_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o pyramid_n within_o which_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o white_a ant_n or_o emmet_n which_o discover_v not_o themselves_o without_o but_o have_v their_o little_a cabin_n or_o lodge_n within_o so_o that_o none_o know_v from_o whence_o they_o receive_v their_o nourishment_n the_o idolater_n stand_v much_o in_o fear_n of_o these_o chinees_n insomuch_o that_o when_o they_o buy_v a_o slave_n they_o first_o bring_v he_o before_o some_o one_o of_o these_o 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589939_o 5084015_o 1929057_o 4770_o 3544850_o 420000_o 3._o the_o kingdom_n of_o xensi_fw-la 831051_o 3934176_o 2812119_o 9218_o 1514749_o  _fw-fr 4._o xantung_v have_v six_o metropolitan_a city_n and_o ninety_o two_o other_o subject_n to_o they_o 770555_o 6759675_o 2414477_o 54990_o 3824290_o  _fw-fr 5._o the_o province_n of_o honan_n have_v eight_o metropolitan_a city_n and_o a_o hundred_o other_o subject_n to_o they_o 589296_o 5106270_o 6106960_o 9959_o 2288744_o  _fw-fr 6._o the_o province_n of_o sucheu_fw-la 464129_o 2204170_o 2167559_o 6339_o  _fw-fr 149177_o 7._o huquang_n have_v fifteen_o metropolitan_a city_n 531686_o 4833590_o 1616600_o 17977_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 8._o kiangsi_n have_v thirteen_o metropolitan_a city_n and_o sixty_o two_o other_o under_o they_o 1363629_o 6549800_o 5995034_o 11516_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 9_o nank_v or_o quiang_n have_v fourteen_o metropolitan_a city_n and_o under_o they_o a_o hundred_o other_o 1969116_o 9967429_o 2510299_o 28452_o 5804217_o 5808217_o 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china_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n father_n martinius_n samedus_n trigautius_n and_o gruberus_n eye-witness_n relate_v that_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n be_v so_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n the_o town_n and_o village_n so_o contiguous_a that_o do_v the_o wall_n reach_v the_o south_n sea_n it_o may_v deserve_o be_v term_v but_o one_o city_n but_o there_o be_v metropolitan_n and_o chief_a city_n of_o province_n to_o the_o number_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o and_o of_o those_o of_o the_o inferior_a rank_n a_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o sixty_o two_o all_o fortify_v with_o wall_n work_n and_o trench_n beside_o there_o be_v castle_n corporation-town_n village_n and_o grange_n without_o number_n the_o city_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v build_v foursquare_a their_o house_n general_o be_v wood_n and_o not_o above_o one_o story_n poor_a and_o rude_a without_o but_o within_o very_o splendid_a each_o house_n be_v bind_v to_o affix_v a_o shield_n upon_o the_o door_n 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a_o filial_a piety_n to_o the_o decease_a parent_n and_o more_o special_a care_n of_o the_o honour_n of_o funeral_n now_o the_o mountain_n of_o china_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n encompass_v with_o great_a village_n pleasant_a for_o most_o beautiful_a sepulchral_v monument_n chase_n and_o grove_n and_o a_o wave_a sea_n of_o rice_n make_v they_o like_o a_o plain_n which_o when_o groves_n and_o wood_n do_v smile_v with_o their_o summer_n attire_n render_v a_o most_o pleasant_a prospect_n the_o chapel_n place_v on_o they_o excel_v for_o magnitude_n and_o splendour_n there_o be_v also_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o priest_n but_o yet_o in_o the_o thick_a and_o overgrow_a wood_n live_v a_o barbarous_a nation_n not_o yet_o subject_v to_o the_o chinese_n many_o thing_n be_v observe_v in_o these_o mountain_n which_o if_o true_a may_v be_v deserve_o account_v among_o the_o miracle_n of_o nature_n some_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o immense_a height_n have_v a_o perpetual_a serenity_n on_o 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to_o make_v the_o best_a porcelain_n ware_n or_o china_n dish_n so_o high_o esteem_v in_o europe_n and_o elsewhere_o yet_o they_o fetch_v their_o material_n from_o another_o city_n that_o have_v that_o precious_a vein_n of_o earth_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o yield_v they_o small_a audit_n not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v the_o like_a use_n thereof_o the_o body_n of_o this_o earth_n be_v rather_o of_o a_o sandy_a than_o claâ—ie_a substance_n tender_a and_o brittle_a which_o they_o knead_v with_o often_o sprinkle_v water_n into_o a_o contiguous_a paste_n thence_o raise_v and_o model_v vessel_n of_o what_o size_n or_o shape_n they_o please_v which_o they_o bake_v with_o great_a care_n by_o gentle_a yet_o continue_v heat_n till_o they_o bring_v it_o to_o some_o perfection_n and_o be_v break_v they_o new_o mould_v they_o bring_v they_o almost_o to_o their_o first_o value_n as_o the_o mountain_n of_o china_n be_v replenish_v with_o other_o metal_n so_o also_o there_o be_v plenty_n of_o 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