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A74993 Certain select discourses on those most important subjects, requisite to be well understood by a catechist in laying the foundation of Christian knowledge in the minds of novitiates viz., First discourses on I. The doctrine of the two covenants both legal and evangelical, II. On faith and justification / by William Allen. Secondly, Discourses on I. The covenant of grace, or baptismal covenant, being chatechetical lectures on the preliminary questions and answers of the Church-Catechism : II. Three catechetical lectures on faith and justification / by Thomas Bray, D.D. Allen, William, d. 1686.; Bray, Thomas, 1658-1730. 1699 (1699) Wing A1055A; ESTC R172154 614,412 564

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Bosoms at last with infinite Advantage and Interest Which brings me in the And Lastly by suffering the loss thereof rather than Apostatize from the Faith Last Place to shew you How far the Rich are to Renounce their Wealth in Parting with it in Works of Mercy and in suffering the Loss thereof rather than Incur Apostacy And to give you my Sence thereof in a few words God true it is does not always make it the Condition of a Disciple to Sell all that he hath and to give it to the Poor as he commanded him in the Gospel upon an extraordinary Occasion Nor does he always put us upon the fiery Tryal either to leave all or preserve a good Conscience But however there is doubtless requir'd a better Use to be made of Riches and larger Distributions of what God hath Blest them withal to Pious and Charitable Uses than most of our Rich Ones do commonly think And it is also requir'd that tho' we are not always put to the actual Tryal whether we will follow Christ in the Adherence to Truth and by renouncing of Error or retain our Riches Yet it is ever requir'd that we should be readily dispos'd to Forsake all and follow Christ suppose there were Occasion which must be the Import of these words Mat. 16.24 If any man will come after me let him deny himself and take up his Cross and follow me Every One is not actually call'd to take up the Cross by abandoning his worldly Possessions or in any other way but the meaning must be that every Disciple must let this World's Goods hang very loose about him so that he could easily put 'em off when call'd to it And God who searches the Heart and tries the Reins sees whether we are so dispos'd or no. And tho' he puts us not to the actual Tryal he will however Judge us accordingly as he sees we are actually dispos'd And let this suffice for the present whereby you have seen how far we must Renounce the World in general and also in that particular Instance of its Goods the Riches thereof There are several other Ingredients of which this World does consist and in what Sence and how far you must Renounce them shall also God willing be shew'd you But of this the next Opportunity THE Fifteenth Lecture First That I should Renounce the Devil and all his Works the Pomps and Vanity of this wicked World and all the sinful Lusts of the Flesh THE Point that we are now upon is to lay before you the Strength of those Temptations which do arise from the World in General and the several Things therein contain'd in Particular whether they be the Goods or the Evils thereof or such as are of a middle Nature and to shew you in what Sence and how far you are to Renounce ' em And as to such Considerations which concern the World in general and also that first and principal of its Materials the Riches thereof and which are necessary to be laid before you This I have already done and now I am to pass on to the Consideration of A Second of its Particulars viz. The Honours thereof and to shew you what they mean and in what Sence and how far you are to Renounce the Honours of this World What is meant by the Honours of this World in what sence and how far they are to be Renounced Honour is accounted one of the Principal of this World's Goods and tho' it be much supported by Wealth and Riches yet it is often and sometimes deservedly prefer'd before ' em And Honour properly and strictly does signify an inward Esteem bore to a Person upon the account of some worthy Accomplishments and Advantages he is possest of and this inward Sence of his Worth testified by some outward and suitable Respects exprest either by our Carriage towards him or by our Speeches to or concerning him This is what Honour does strictly signify What is meant by Honour properly and strictly But in the more general and usual Meaning of the Thing both in Scripture What in the general meaning of the Word and common Language by Honours are also meant the Advantages or Qualities themselves upon the account of which Persons are so Honour'd and Esteem'd and Respected and those outward Respects given 'em upon the account of those Advantages And they may be reduc'd to these following Nobility or Gentility Pre-eminence or Authority and Dignities and Promotions which are call'd Posts of Honour Also an High Esteem and Reputation amongst Judicious Wise and Good Men upon the account of a Person 's Wisdom and Vertue or some worthy and glorious Action perform'd by him Or the Vulgar Applause of the Croud of Men upon what they account Praise-worthy and Honourable And lastly the Outward Expressions of Respect either by Word or Deed usually given upon the account of any of these I shall consider all these Kinds of Honour apart and allowing to Persons who any-wise deserve Honour all that is consistent with Innocency I will shew in what Sence and how far they are to Renounce it as its Tempts 'em to Sin against God and to Trample under Foot his Authority and Laws And First as to Nobility or Gentility I. Nobility or Gentility This is an Honour derived down upon Persons from their Fore-fathers who are suppos'd to have Ennobled their Names and Families by some excellent Atchievments in Peace or War either in Learning Arts or Arms or whatever worthy Performances whereby they have signally Benefited their Country The original Nature of Nobility or Gentility and who upon that account have been distinguisht by certain Badges and Titles of Honour from the Croud of Men whose Ancestors have not been so eminently Famous and Deserving And such Honour as this is highly agreeable both to Scripture and Reason In the Scriptures we do not only find the Princes of Israel Heads of the Houses of their Fathers who were the Princes of the Tribes and were over them Numb 7.2 but also that they bore several Coats of Arms for Distinction which what they were you may see Gen. 49. And in Reason there is as great a Necessity that there should be a Distinction of Members more or less Honourable in the Body Politick as in the Natural and therefore in both Vpon some Members we bestow more abundant Honour 1 Cor. 12.23 And indeed such a Distinction of Persons upon the account of their Merit or Desert of their Families does serve to raise the Emulation of Men to Atchieve some noble and worthy Enterprize and to shake off that Sloth which would otherwise Enfeeble their Activity And for this reason it is that God has Planted this Passion of Emulation in Persons Natures to rouze 'em up to Imitate the noble Vertues and great Examples of Others that they likewise might Transmit a Name worthy to be Imitated in future Generations Such is the Original and Nature of True Nobility and so
judge of the beautiful Contexture and admirable Contrivance of the whole and shall easily discern what End it is that Christianity aims at and how admirably every Part of it is fitted to carry on that great End It is without all doubt a most useful Method of Instruction and it would soon appear to be so in its happy Effects would all Persons but lay aside their unhappy Prejudices against it as if it were proper only for Children to be Hearers thereof Whereas indeed it is no ways unbecoming the Eldest and most Knowing Persons to hear the great and fundamental Doctrines of Religion explain'd and handled distinctly and clearly and separated from all unnecessary Mixtures But where all the Means and Methods of Instruction are little enough to give Men a sufficient Understanding in all that is necessary to Salvation instead of comparing 'em one with another we had better to make use of all and to Pray to God to give a Blessing to all his Ordinances that every one may be useful to the Edification and Salvation of every Christian which that they may all prove may God Almighty grant of his infinite Goodness thro' Jesus Christ our Lord To whom with the Father and the Holy Ghost be all Honour and Glory now and for ever Amen THE Fifth Lecture Wherein I was made a Member of Christ THE Preliminary Questions and Answers of your Catechism do give you a general Account of all the Terms and Conditions of the Covenant of Grace both of the Priviledges made over to us by God and of the Conditions to be perform'd by us And these Words Wherein I was made a Member of Christ expressing the First of those invaluable Priviledges made over unto us in this Covenant on God's Part I shall therefore endeavour as well as I can to explain and open to you what they do import Christ is in Scripture often styl'd The Head of the Church as particularly Col. 1.8 And he is the Head of the Body the Church it is there said and we are also styl'd Members of this Body the Church Thus Eph. 5.30 We are Members of his Body of his Flesh and of his Bones so that to be a Member of Christ is to be a Member A Member of Christ is a Member of Christ's Church or Part of that Body of which he is the Head or to be a Member of Christ's Church And to make it appear to you how happy a Thing it is to be a Member of Christ's Church First I will shew you What kind of Body the Church of Christ is Secondly What it is to be a Member of it And then Thirdly What exceeding great and invaluable Priviledges do belong to a Member of Christ's Church And First let us see What kind of Body that is which is call'd the Church of Christ And tho' it does not belong to this Part of your Catechism to give you a full account of all that is necessary to be known concerning Christ's Church which may more properly be refer'd to that Article of our Creed I believe the Holy Catholick Church However since the high Priviledge and Dignity of any Member as a Member cannot be sufficiently understood nor valued without knowing the Nature and Excellency of that Body of which it is a Member I do therefore think my self obliged in order to let you into a through Understanding of what is meant by A Member of Christ's Church and of the greatness of that Priviledge to speak something largely in this Place concerning the Nature and Constitution of the Church it self and I shall therefore define it and also Explain and prove each Part of the Definition I shall give of it as follows A Definition of Christ's Church The Church of Christ is the universal Society of Christians consisting both of Lawful Governours and Pastors and also of the People of God committed to their Charge and who are call'd forth out of the wicked World by the Preaching of the Gospel to a holy Profession and Calling Namely To Repentance from dead Works to the Knowledge Belief and Service of the One True God Father Son and Holy Ghost and to the Enjoyment of those inestimable Priviledges of the Gospel viz. Most reasonable and excellent Laws to Conduct 'em to Heaven Divine Grace and Assistance to Enable 'em to obey those Laws Pardon of Sins upon Repentance for the Violation of 'em and eternal Life and Happiness upon sincere Obedience to ' em And who to the End of being Incorporated into one Society and of having God to be their God and they themselves his People have Enter'd into Covenant with him at Baptism and do often Renew the same in the Lord's Supper and are Incorporated thereby into one Body subdivided indeed into several particular Bodies and Churches for the convenience of Government and Worship but holding Communion with one another in One and the same necessary and fundamental Points of Christianity necessary to constitute the Church under Jesus Christ their supreme Head The Church of Christ a well-ordered Society wherein some are Governours some Governed And First The Church of Christ is the Society of Christians consisting both of Lawful Governours and Pastors and of the People of God committed to their Charge The Church of Christ is not a Confus'd an Undigested Headless Multitude but a Regular and Well-order'd Society Hence it is so often in the New Testament call'd The Kingdom of God as Matth. 21.31 The Kingdom of Christ as Rev. 11.15 and The Kingdom of Heaven Matth. 11.12 and the Members of it Children of the Kingdom Matth. 13.38 And Eph. 2.19 20 21. The Members therefore are styl'd Fellow-Citizens Members of a Houshold and Parts of a Temple all which Expressions speak the Church of Christ to be a Regular Society of Men combin'd and knit together by Laws derived from some supreme Head and Governour A Society I say wherein some are Superiours some are Inferiours some Governours some Governed and who altogether make up a well-compacted Body of Men. This last cited place out of the Ephesians speaks the Thing out Now therefore saith he to those who are call'd into the Church ye are no more Strangers and Forreigners but Fellow-Citizens with the Saints and of the Houshold of God and are built upon the Foundation of the Apostles and Prophets that is Governours and Teachers Jesus Christ being the chief Corner-stone in whom all the Building fitly framed together groweth up into an Holy Temple in the Lord. Here in this Description of the Church you have Jesus Christ the chief Corner-stone or Head of the Building and Body the Apostles and Prophets Foundation-stones next unto him and all the rest of Christians Fellow-Citizens depending upon Jesus Christ their supreme Head and others his subordinate Governours and Teachers next under him and the Whole represented as a well-compacted Building Or to make it yet more clear to you Eph. 4.11 12. it is said that He gave some Apostles and
our evil and corrupt Affections and daily proceeding in all Vertue and Godliness of Living So that hereby it does appear that the Engagement of the Godfathers and Godmothers is in the first place that they will take care to have those Infants whom they have presented to Baptism Catechised in the Nature of that Covenant they have in the way of Proxy for them enter'd into which is the Importance of these Words Remember that it is your Parts and Duties to see that this Infant be taught so soon as he shall learn what a solemn Vow Promise and Profession he hath here made by you which is the proper Work of Catechising to teach ' em They are also for their farther Edification in this grand Matter of their Covenant to call upon 'em to hear Sermons which are a Method of Instruction design'd to improve 'em in all that necessary Knowledge the beginnings of which was laid by Catechising But especially their Care must be to have 'em throughly Catechised which lays the Foundation of Divine Knowledge in the Principles of Religion without which there can be no bottom for their Edification any other way Chiefly says the Exhortation ye shall provide that they may learn the Creed the Lord's Prayer and the Ten Commandments in the Vulgar Tongue and all other things which a Christian ought to know and believe to his Soul's Health which I say is the proper work of Catechising to teach ' em Secondly Secondly It is the Office of these Sureties to admonish the Child to live according to his Baptismal Engagements Having thus took care to have 'em well instructed by Catechising and Preaching in the Articles and Conditions of their Covenant their next Care must be to admonish and advise 'em seriously to apply themselves to live according to those Obligations laid upon 'em in their Covenant with God Youth of all Persons want good Monitors as being of themselves giddy and inconsiderate and too regardless of what does mainly concern 'em and their Sureties ought to make it a part of their Care peculiarly to admonish such as they have a band in bringing into the Covenant that they live according to it so it follows in that most Excellent Exhortation Ye shall take care that this Child may be vertuoulsy brought up to lead a Godly and a Christian Life c. Thirdly And then as for the last thing Thirdly And to take care that at Years of Discretion the Child should take his Vow upon himself before the Bishop in Confirmation wherein I said consists the Office of Sureties in Baptism viz. that they take care their Youth after all due Instruction in the Nature of the Covenant should personally for their own parts take it upon themselves before the Chief Minister of Christ the Bishop This you have deliver'd plainly and fully in the Charge given about Confirmation running in these Words Ye are to take care that this Child be brought to the Bishop to be confirmed by him so soon as he can say the Creed the Lord's Prayer and the Ten Commandments in the Vulgar Tongue So that if you will allow the Blessed Authors of our most Divine and Excellent Liturgy the Liberty to explain themselves The utmost Importance of these Words They did promise and vow three things in my Name is 1. an Engagement to Christ and his Church in the behalf of the Baptized Infant that so soon as he becomes capable he shall be instructed in his Covenant 2. that he shall be admonish'd to live according to it and 3. that he shall solemnly declare his sincere Intentions so to do III. The Reason the Church has to require Sureties III. And now let us see what reason the Church had to appoint Godfathers and Godmothers not only to represent but thus to engage for the Infant in Baptism It is for the better Order and Decency of the Administration that some should be the Mouth of the Child And truly as to the representing part there seems to me to be as great reason for that as that all things in Divine Administrations should be done decently and in order as the Apostle commands 1 Cor. 14.40 For why You are not again to be told that this whole Solemnity of Baptism is the transacting of a Covenant with God a Covenant wherein both Parties concerned are either personally themselves or by others as their Proxies to make mutual Engagements one to another to perform each his Part of the Covenant Now God who is the first and prime Party in this Covenant He true it is is sufficient for these things of himself and needs no other to engage for him yet in Compassion to our Infirmities who cannot bear the Majesty of God's Presence hence the Israelites after the Thunder and Lightning on Mount Sinai prayed he would speak to them by his Servant Moses lest they should dye Tho' God need not I say to treat with us by Proxy yet in conformity to our Weakness he hath substituted the Priest in his stead to assure us of the Promises his part of the Covenant And what then shall the Infant do who is so far uncapable of transacting personally the Covenant and engaging by himself to perform its Conditions that he does not nor cannot understand the Conditions of it what I say shall he do Why it is fit that he likewise by his Sureties as by Proxy should engage that he will do his part To this purpose saith a Father since for want of Age Children cannot believe with the Heart to Righteousness nor confess with the Mouth unto Salvation therefore others answer for 'em that the Sacrament may be admitted compleatly to ' em It would indeed seem to me a very odd and indecent and disorderly thing extremely unlike the usual way of transacting Covenants when one and He so great a Party concern'd as God should vouchsafe to make over by his Proxy the Minister of the Covenant express Assurances of Infinite Mercies the other Party a poor wretched Creature in whose Favour this is done should not have a Mouth either by himself or others to make an open and solemn Protestation of Acceptance of those Gracious Terms and of sincere Resolutions to perform his part A silence on his side wou'd look like a sullen ungrateful refusal of such Gracious Overtures and Terms of Mercy the most indecent and disorderly thing in the World The Administration would be extreamly indecent without a Proxy to Represent the Infant And indeed so much is the Honour of God and of the Church It is of concernment to the Church that Security be given that every one who is admitted a Member into it should live to the Reputation and Interest of it and of the Christian Religion concern'd that no Person be enter'd into the Profession of the Gospel who will not live answerably to it that it is highly fit it is extreamly requisite all possible Security shou'd be first given to God and his Church
that the Person admitted into the Society of Christians should at leastwise be Instructed and Admonish'd and be Engag'd solemnly to profess what belongs to him to do as a Member of that Body So far it is requisite Security should be given before he is admitted a Member of Christ's Church if it be not farther necessary it should be given for his living according to the Obligations of the Covenant Indeed so far is it from being unreasonable to require Security that he should be Instructed and Admonish'd what are his Obligations that if we closely consider the Matter it may not seem so unreasonable as some do imagine to exact Security of the Person Baptized even that he shall live up to the Obligations laid upon him in his Covenant We see it daily practic'd This is what Societies whose Honour and Interest is of infinite less consequence do daily require and it is allow'd a reasonable and prudent Caution in all Societies of Men to exact Security from those who are not responsible themselves that they shall Answer the Ends and Interests of that Society whereinto they desire to be admitted before they will take 'em in amongst ' em This is the common practice you know in all Corporations and Companies And even in our Parish concerns no Man shall be admitted into either from whom they apprehend any Danger without giving Security against all Disadvantages that may accrue by his Admission And may not the Church of Christ upon as good Grounds require good Security from Children who cannot Answer nor Engage for themselves and who considering the inbred Corruption of Nature are in danger enough without a great deal of Care of proving very pernicious Members Shall not She I say as well as other Societies whose Interests are infinitely less exact of all that are admitted into her Body that they will never depart from or contemn her Laws nor Act contrary to the Honour and Interest of her and her Lord and Saviour Is not the Church of Christ a Society yea the chief of all Societies Are not her and her great Masters Honour and Interest the most considerable of all others in the World And does it not then infinitely concern her that none of her Members turn Rebels to the Laws of God that they do not become Profane and Wicked Livers the greatest Injury that can be done to God and her self I sure I think it does for there is nothing tends more to the dishonour of her Saviour and of Religion and of her self than that any of her Members should become Profane and Wicked The III Lives of her Children make her a Sport to the vile Atheist a Scorn and Reproach to Turks and Infidels It extreamly hinders the Gospels prevailing upon Infidels abroad and is hugely Offensive to all her Pious Sons at home Blame her not therefore for taking such Prudent Care as to admit none into her Society without having first Security given of their good Behaviour That of Parents not sufficient without Collateral Security And indeed so far is she from deserving Blame therein that we are to reckon her moderate in her Demands when she requires no more than Security that the New Member shall be well Principl'd and Educated and duly Admonish'd Things that may be easily in our Power to take care of Nor is it sufficient Security to the Church that the Parents are bound to take this Care of their Children The Natural Parents it is confess'd are oblig'd both by the Light of Nature and the express Laws of God to bring up their Children in the Nurture and Admonition of the Lord But this is not enough in so grand a Concern Parents possibly may not live to Educate their Children and how many of those that do live are wofully careless in the Principling of them with a due Knowledge and Sense of the Goodness of God to them and those great Duties they owe to him What through Earthly-mindedness in some who care for nothing but to Train 'em up in all the Arts and Cunning how to Live and grow Rich in the World and what through the Fondness of others whose fatal Indulgence will not suffer 'em to put their Children much upon any thing ungrateful to 'em as Religion indeed is to Flesh and Blood these things consider'd it is more than requisite that besides the Obligations of the Natural Parent there should be moreover some Collateral Security given by such Persons as are likely to use all convenient Industry upon the Parents neglect which is too usual to provide 'em good Education as far as Reading at least to instil good Principles into 'em by Catechising and to give 'em good Admonitions by way of Reproof or Exhortations as there shall be occasion The requiring of this as reasonable now as in the Primitive Times Nor is the giving such Security for their Religious Education less necessary now than it was in the Primitive Times It is well known that then all Infants had their Sponsors or Sureties that engag'd at the Font for their Christian Education and Faithfulness in their Covenant And that for this amongst other Reasons lest in those Persecuting Times the Parents being took off by their Persecutors their Infants and Children shou'd remain expos'd to the danger of being Train'd up in Paganish Idolatry for want of some Persons particularly Engag'd to take care of ' em The Church true it is is not now so often shak'd with violent Persecutions as in those Days Tho' sometimes it has its cruel Enemies in the very Bowels of it full as furious as ever were the Heathens in their bloody Slaughters and as zealous to ravish from the Orthodox their Children to train 'em up in their wicked Idolatry But however This Charge no unreasonable Imposition at any time being little more than what is requir'd from one Christian to another in common Charity at all times besides this it ought to be consider'd that our Covenant with God is not broke only by Apostatizing back from the Service of the true God to the Worship of the Devil or Evil Spirits but by living in Ungodliness and Worldly Lusts and therefore that equal Care ought to be taken as then that the Child shou'd Renounce the Devil and all his Works and believe in God so now that he shall Obey God's Holy Will and Commandments and walk in the same all the Days of his Life And God and his Church is as much Dishonour'd a●d the Soul as much endanger'd by the lewd and vitious Lives of Christians now as by the Apostacy of Christians to Paganism or Idolatry it was then and therefore there is as much reason that the Church should now take all possible Security against the one as then it did against the other sort of scandalous and dangerous Violations of its Covenant especially if it be farther considere'd that Prosperity and Peace being infinitely more apt to corrupt the Lives and Manners of Men than Sufferings are