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A69346 The letters whyche Iohan Ashwell priour of Newnham Abbey besydes Bedforde, sente secretely to the Byshope of Lyncolne in the yeare of our Lord M.D.xxvii. Where in the sayde pryour accuseth George Ioye that tyme beyng felow of Peter college in Cambrydge, of fower opinyons: wyth the answere of the sayde George vn to the same opynyons. Joye, George, d. 1553.; Ashwell, John, d. 1541? 1548 (1548) STC 846; ESTC S100275 35,534 56

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ge them the law and the prophetes ●osing their ●oit tes openyng theyr eyes And euen so do the preachers of goddes worde dayly that ar sent inspyred wyth his spiryt all thoughe they be but symple preistes in your eyes nether pope nor by shope occupie theyr myndes in hys law daye ▪ nyght exer cise these keyes besely turnyng thē in mennes hartes whetting the worde of god vpon them and as Paule exhorteth his Timothe preaching hys worde are feruēt in a ceason or out of ceason improue rebuke exhorte with a● longe sufferige 2. Timo. 4 These men I saye that thus preache and teach ●●●●inually goddes worde and declare it purelye haue ●hr●keyes of the kyngdome of heuē these lose whē they o●ē synners hartes into repētaunce and faith they bynde when they preache the lawe hold styl● such as beleue not theyr wordes but resyst persecute them And you M priour and as many as ne ther can nor wyll preache but persecute theym that God ●endeth with these keyes you I saye whethe● ye be Pope Cardinall byshop abbot pryou● or pre●s●e neyther loose nor binde nor yet haue you Chrystes keyes but onely those rustye traditiōs lawes of men to shut vp the kingdome of heuen ● to take awaye the knowledge of Chryst with vngodly inibicions lightenynges thunderynge of excōmanicacions threateninges persecucions impresonynges scourgynges and burnynges nothin ge fering that terryble thonder ●clappe of Chrystes owne mouthe daily thondrynge ouer your heades cryeng Mat. xxiii Wo be to you scrybes Phari ●e●s hipocrites for you shyt vp the kigdome of heuen before men and neyther your selfe enterī nor yet suffer you suche as wolde come therto to enterī And yet feare you not this terrible threatenige of euer lastynge dānacion hanging ouer your heades These are your counterfetted kei●s and false peste lent persuasions to driue the peple frome the knowlege of Goddes worde and their saluaciō which worde is the key and hygh waye to the kyngdome of heauen ye saye it is harde and derke ▪ for the laye peple but wo be to you saith I say ca. v. that tel thē the lyght to be darkenes ▪ you saye that the scripture in Englishe wold make sedition brede errours heresies amonge the laye men so to be euell for thē but wo be to you saith I say that say that th●●e which is good to be euell ye saye the letter slayeth the is vnsauerie and bytter for them but wo be to you sayth I saye agayne that say y ● which is swete to be bytter Thus is the holye ●lear● good and swete gospell of Christe belyed shamefully blasphemed of you If it be bytter vnsauery it is an euyll sauour it is koucred and darke to you that pe ry she sayth Paule 2. Corin. 2. 4. It had ben beter for you to haue obeyed the counsell of Gamaliel Act. 5. then thus so manyfestly repugned faughte against god but you ar so blinded with your own malice that you ●e not how syth you inhibyted the preachers and the worde of God to be ●aught and redde of the laye men and persecu●ed it the more it enc●eseth it groweth it spreadeth it thrusteth you downe declarh●h you openly to be the very Pha risaes scribes hipocrites and eue● the very Antichristes that Christ and his apostles prophecied to come in the laste dayes Repente repente you therfore and ●e conuerted to God aske grace and mercye that he wyll illumyne youre hartes ● lose you wyth the keyes of the knowlege of his holy word and vnlocke your wyttes out of this blynde ignoraunce and vnbelyefe Amen ¶ But yet syr yf your learnīg be so encreased sith the time that you chased me away wi●h these your letters that you can make me thys obiectyon taken of Mark in the secōde chapter and Luk in the 5. that ●t is only god that forgeueth synnes and so the Apostles forgeue thē not Thē I answere you that ther ar many thinges pertayning only to god whych be of hys infinite goodnes geueth vnto vs and calleth thē ours The keyes which ar the worde ●● his yet he calleth the worde ours and many thinges that were wrought with the same wor de as in mat 10. where he sayd to the apostles He ha●●e y ● sik make clene the leprose raise y ● dede castout deuels which al were his workes yet he gaue then power to do hys workes The word where with they dyd these miracles was hys worde and yet he called it theyrs sayng Who so euer receyue not you nother wyll heare your wordes c ye and euen our owne good workes as we beleue it is he that worketh them in vs as testifieth Isai● the. 26 and yet is he contēte of hys liberalitie that we bare the name of them and be called our workes but he rewardeth hys deades in vs saith Augustin Y● this solutiō satisfieth you not then remitte I you vnto lyke maner of speache a ●eremye 15. Where God bad Ieremie caste oute the Iewes from hys presens saing Eiice illos a facie mea And yet god ●asted them out hys owne selfe and euen so in lyke autorite he said to the Apostles Whose synnes so euer you forgeue they are forgeuē c. For after the familiare phrase and v●hemence of the Hebrewe speach as the professours of that tōge affirme When god ●ad Ieremie ●aste them forth he wold nothyng els but that he shulde tell and preache thē to be caste forthe and ledde in captyuite yf they amended not theyr lyuynge so when he sayd to thapostles Whose synnes so euer you forgeue c. He ment that to whom so euer you preach and tel thē theyr synnes to be forgeuen yf they beleue in me ● chaunge theyr lyfe theyr sinnes are fongeuen For ●s at Ieremies preachinge the vngodly were castoute so at Thapostles preachynge the penytent beleuers haue theyr synnes forgeuen And the vnbeleuers are holden captyue in theyr synnes ¶ M. Priour of New●hams seconde opinion NOw as touchynge your seconde opynion which you say that I held That faith with out workes is sufficiēt verely I neuer sayd so but I myght say that by fayth wythout workes a man is iustified whyche is Paules sayinge in the third cap. to the Romās this sentence I beleue as ●● we with Paule hold it for nō opynion And for a declaratiō of this Paules sentence I wyll first tell you what is faith what it is to be iustified before god what is the ryghwysenes of faith First ye shall know that the apostle defineth faith in the ▪ 11 ▪ ca. to the Hebrews saing that fayth is the very sure substanciall beliefe of him whych is the same thynge that we hope for that is to say faith is an infal●ible vndouted certaintye in our hartes wherby we beleue and truste in the inuysible God and to open thys definitiō yet more playnely Fayth is that same
nowe perceaue al was to hōte out somwhat of me wherby you myghte thus Ind ●ily betraye me and so do your spiritual father and other such a secrete sacrifice Surely I had ne uer beleued although it was tolde me of many that you had thꝰ accused me had I not sene your own hand whych letters I wold haue wynited at as I do yet at other menn●s false reportes on me yf I had ben but gyltye al thinges as I am not which you do impute vnto me then I wold haue let your letters lye styll in darkenes after your desyer Or if they had ben but only harmfull vnto my boby name which I am bounde to defende yet I wold haue suffred s●f●e silēce ● pacyeno to haue ben my patrones defēders before god neuer to haue answerd you cōfortig my selfe in my god the God of al cōfort now expulset my natiue lāde thorow your letters lesing my poore liuing forsakīg al my kīne and frēdes being in great pouertye and kare in the which al you haue sette me for that I wold auoyd the cruel tyrāny of your spiritual father of other incenste by your letters I wold I saye haue conforted my selfe and do daily as god geueth me grace wyth this one cōfortable saying of my sauyour Mat. 5. Blessed are you when mē cast rebukes and sclaunderouse reuilinges vpō you persecuting you and reporte al maner of euell agaynst you belying you for my sake Reioyse and be glade for great is your reward in heauē This one sentēce is ynough to answer for me ● to cōforte me against al slaunders and false reportes and euen against your letters as touchyng my persone fame But in that your letters opiniōs are sclaunderouse blasphe mouse against god and his truth I may not suffer them to be hedde in darkenes as you desyred your moost reuerend father to kepe them Wherefore I shall by goddes grace auenge delyuer hys truthe from your false opinions that by hys true word that yet if thus it wold please god to open your eyes shew you hys truthe call you to repētaunce ¶ Fyrst you say that one opinion was that I helde that as great as large power to bynd to lose was geuen of god to a symple preyst as to a byshop or to the byshope of Rome whyche is more Whych entēt opinion you say I proued by these wordes of Chryst saing Go your ways in to the world and preach the Gospel c. For as my father hath sente me so sende I you c. Syr fyrst ye shall knowe that what so euer the scrypture affyrmeth I holde it for no opinion but I beleue it to be true for there ie great dyfference betwene faith opiniō And as for these textes whych you saye that I alledged to proue my entent loke you whether they make for your opinion of byndinge and losing in secrete confession after your vnderstanding or rather to pertayne to the open preaching of the ● orde of God And turne to Mark in the. 19 chap. and loke whether this your texte Quia sicut misit me pater c. foloweth as you alleg it ●te in mundum vniuersum wyth a coniunction causale as you falsely bryng it in to shewe the cause of the sentē●e be fore But turne to Iohan cap. 20. there shall you se it stande wythoute a Quia as a propositiō fyrst propounded of Christ in a cōparison or similitude and afterward there disposed the cōparison declared both in the geuinge of the holy gost power to forgyue to holde synnes Nether dyd ● allege these textes as you do at rouers so confusely confoun dynge one Euangelyste wyth another to confute your false opinyon not yet added I any sc●liret in plurali numero for Salomon warneth Prouerbi orum 30. that we adde nothynge to goddes worde lest we be reproued founde lyers And Christ spake his vordes in the plural nōber at the geuyng of hys keyes to all his apostles as ye may se Ioh. 20 withoute any scil●cet yf you knowe a verbe of the plural noumber from the singulare But I passe ouer your ignorāce and shall prepare me to confirme the truthe into the cōfutation of your false opinions of the which The fyrste is that a bishope or the byshope of Rome by whō you vnderstande the Pope hath a greater larger powr to binde to lose geuen them of god then a simple preiste That the truthe of goddes worde might be deliuered frō your false opinions and losed frome your vyolente wrestynge of holy scripture and that it appereth verily by your opinion that you knowe not what Christe ment by the keyes of the kingdome of heauen nether yet what is vnderstāde by binning and losyng ye shall knowe that when Christ asked hys disciples Mat. 16. Whō say you that I am peter as the mouth of thē al answered that thing whiche they all beleued euē thus Thou arte Christ the sonne of the liuyng god That they al beleued thus as Peter openly confessed the terte folowinge declareth For eu● incontenently he warned not only Peter but all them whō he asked the question that they shuld not tell any mā that he was Iesus christ Thys Iohan declareth in the. 6. chapter Where Christe asked hys disciples And wyl you go away to Peter answered as the mouthe for them all Lorde to whom shall we go thou haste the wordis of euerlastige life we beleue he sayd not I beleue alone knowe that thou arte Christe the sonne of the liuynge god Here Peter answerd for thē al the same thing that he cōfessed Mat. 16. vpō this therfore so faythfull a knowlege beliefe sen● in thē al he promised thē Mat. 16. the keyes of the kigdom of heuen for wher he sawe like a fayth there wold he geue lyke office And as Bede saith in the Homelte of the same texte Whē all were asked in ge nerall Peter alone for all answerd so that the same thynge that Christe answerd Peter answered to them all in Peter sayng Blessed arte thou Simon bariona c And to the shal I geue the keyes of the king dōe of heauē that what so euer thou shalt lose in the erth it shalbe losed in heauen And what so euer thou shalt bynde in earth i● shalbe bounde in heuen That he promised thē all these keyes it is manifeste in the performinge of them Iohn 20. ●a Where it is tolde when these keyes here promysed were geuen to whō they were geuen and what he ment by them mark in the. 16. Luk in the 24 ▪ both to telling the same storie They were geuen the same day that Chryste rose from death at the eauenyng the discyples gathered togyther in an house for feare the dores shyt to thē vnto whom Chryste entred in salutyng them sayng Peace be wyth you But fyrst let vs se what Christ mēt by these keyes your
opinion is that these keyes ar the autorite or power wherby Pope bishope or preist holdeth and absolueth the man that cōfesseth him into their eares and of thys power only I dare saye you vnderstonde your opynion and so accused me as aduersary to it But Master priour you shall vnderstand that I mene no such power by these keyes ne ther Christ meaneth any such by them For whē he gaue them these keyes he sent them not forth with them to heare confessyons but to preache hys gospell as witnesseth both Iohan 20. and Marke 16 so that these keyes are annered vnto the ●ffyce of preachynge as ye may see at the geuynge of them But yf ye were well aquaynted with Christis gospell ye shuld haue redde yere thys in Mathew the 23. chapter Woo be to you scribes and ●ariseis hypocrites for you shyt vp the kyngdome of heuen before mē c. How I pray you dyd the● s●i● it vp Luk declareth cap II. sayng wo be to you lawyers for you haue taken awaye the keye of knowledge so that nether your selues enter in and yet forbyd you thē that wolde enter in Now thanked be god whych hath here tolde vs at the laste what he mēte by hys keyes calling thē the keyes of knowleg but I pray you how d●d the pharysays lawiers shyt vp the kyngdome of heauen verely euen as Luke sayth in that they toke away the keye of knowleg wherby men shulde come thyther as now do theyr successours forbyddynge men to preache Chrystes Gospell and to rede hys holy testament whyche is the very keye of the knowledge of God our father and of Chryste hys sonne to be our onely sauyour thys is the keye that openeth the hyghe way so the byngdome of heauen thys openeth the dore of the whyche Chryste speakethe Iohan. 10. thorowe thē whyche dore who so euer entreth shalbe ●aued c. And for thys cause Christ called hys gospell holy worde the keye of knowlege or keyes in the plurall noūber of the kingdō of heauen alluding vnto the double propertye that one keye hath both to open and shytte Nowe s●th the shitting vp of the kyngdome of heauen by the takynge awaye of the keye of the knowledge of goddes worde then muste the openynge of it nedes be the geuynge of the keye of the knowlege of Goddes worde Whych knowleg standeth in the preachyng hearyng reading therof wherfore Chryste sayde at the delyueraunce of these keyes Marke the. 16. Go your wayes into all the world and pr●a●he my gospel And Iohan cap. 20. As my father had sent me so sende I you Here may you se what Chryst ment by these keyes promysed Math. 16. when they were geuen Luke tellyng the same storye more at large ●ayenge Thus it behoued Chryst to suffer as it is wrytten to ryse agayne the thyrd day from death that repētaun ●s and remission of synnes shuld be preached in hys name among all nacyons For at the preaching of the law men know theyr synnes feale them selfe bounden of the whych know●eg and f●ling ther foloweth repentaunce And at the preachynge of the Gospel whych promyseth remyssiō of synnes there foloweth fayth which loseth the capture cōs●yence in to the quiet lyber●ye of the spirit Now had they the word deliuered thē to be preached which he called the keye of knowlege ●ow were they inspyred wyth the holy goost now was the keye of Dauyd geuen them that openeth no man shytt●th ●po 3. for after longe cōmunication declaring hym selfe to them he said these are the wordes which I spake to you whyle I was yet wyth you for all muste be fulfylled which were written of me in the lawe of Moses in the prophetes and psalmes Thē ope ned he their hartes that they mygh vnderstand the scryptures the propertye of a keye is to open that whych before was shyt thus doth Luke allude and agre hys speach wyth the propertyes of a keye for before in the iourney to Emaus wyth the two disciples he saith their eyes were shyt vp and h●ldē so that they knew hym not but after he had rebuked them for theyr vnbelyefe opened thē the scryptures turnyng the keye of hys worde in their hartes the holy gost working with all theyr eyes were opened they knew hym Here may ye se in the story of Luke howe wyth hys worde he opened the hertes of these two disciples yet locked vp in vnbeliefe before thei returned to Hi●rusalē vnto the other xi disciples Nowe sayth he euen as ● was sente that is to saye to open mennes hartes lesing them wyth the keye of my knowlege from vnbelyefe by preachyng and erpoundyng the scriptures euen so sende I you he sente not onely them but hath sente hitherto shall sende preachers with the same key● es of knowledge of the worde to binde to lose lyke wise vnto the worldes ende Note here also howe ofte Luke vseth these wordes theyr eyes were holdē theyr eyes were opened he oponed their wit tes euer more alludynge vnto the propertye of a keye Thus he opened theyr hartes wyth the keye of hys worde to bring in hys knowledge in to thē the holy goost breathed into them and turning the kaye in theyr hartes into the ryght sence and vnder standyng of his word An example is set to in Iohn of Thomas Dydimus which was not among thappostles at the geu●g of these keyes of y ● know lege of his gloriouse resurrection whych was that Gospel and the very ioyfull tiding●s wherfore his harte was yet locked vp holden in vnbelyefe not wythstandynge yet the other apostles dyd put this keye into him so begā to practise it vpō hym sayinge ●idimus d●im but this keye turned not ryght in his harte ne opened it for he beleued thē not but sayd Excepte I se the holes of the nailes in his hā des put my fynger into them ye excepte I put my hand into his side I wyll not beleue it Here was Thomas sore boundē holdē with the synne of vn beliefe But after viii daies they being there within agayne Thomas wyth them Iesus came in the dore shyt stode among them sayinge peace be w t you thē said he to Thomas put in thy fynger here fele my hādes put vp thy hand and thruste it into my syde be nomore in vnbeliefe but beleue Here the keye of christes word turned right in Tho mas his harte losinge it from vnbelyefe he sayde D●s meus et deus meus my Lorde my god The worde of god conteyneth both the law the Gospel The law is that whych god cōmaundeth vs to fulfyl as are the. x. cōmaūdemētes the gospel is the power of god vnto helth for euery man that beleueth Ro. i. it is the promise of grace remissiō of synnes geuen vs thorow Chryst. The law is spiritual requireth our hertes our very effectes as to beleue