as_o also_o petrus_n aponeusis_n in_o his_o conciliator_n diff._n have_v these_o word_n cum_fw-la capita_fw-la zodiaci_n mobilis_fw-la &_o immobilis_fw-la ordinate_a &_o directe_v concurrebant_fw-la tum_fw-la virtus_fw-la perfectiori_fw-la modo_fw-la à _fw-la primo_fw-la principio_fw-la per_fw-la medias_fw-la causas_fw-la taliter_fw-la ordinatas_fw-la fortiori_fw-la modo_fw-la imprimebatur_fw-la in_o ista_fw-la inferiora_fw-la cum_fw-la causae_fw-la tunc_fw-la sibi_fw-la inuicem_fw-la correspondebant_fw-la these_o testimony_n i_o own_o do_v sufficient_o convince_v i_o not_o that_o the_o theorist_n position_n of_o the_o primitive_a earth_n be_v the_o true_a one_o but_o that_o the_o defender_n who_o have_v allege_v they_o to_o prove_v his_o point_n do_v not_o understand_v they_o for_o he_o can_v not_o have_v quote_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v less_o to_o his_o purpose_n than_o they_o be_v i_o know_v not_o what_o skill_n this_o author_n have_v in_o the_o new_a astronomy_n but_o i_o be_o sure_a he_o do_v not_o understand_v it_o if_o it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o old_a fashion_n dress_v no_o doubt_v he_o think_v that_o these_o author_n mean_v by_o such_o word_n that_o at_o first_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o ecliptic_a be_v coincident_a when_o they_o never_o dream_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n they_o as_o their_o own_o word_n inform_v we_o suppose_v with_o all_o the_o old_a astronomer_n two_o zodiac_n the_o one_o of_o which_o be_v exact_o place_v under_o the_o other_o and_o the_o uppermost_a be_v immovable_a the_o low_a in_o which_o the_o fix_a star_n be_v place_v move_v exact_o under_o it_o and_o perform_v its_o course_n from_o west_n to_o east_n according_a to_o some_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 25000._o year_n at_o first_o these_o two_o circle_n have_v the_o same_o beginning_n the_o constellation_n aries_n be_v exact_o in_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o the_o constellation_n taurus_n be_v exact_o in_o the_o sign_n taurus_n the_o star_n 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into_o gemini_fw-la gemini_fw-la into_o cancer_n etc._n etc._n from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o according_a either_o to_o the_o old_a or_o new_a astronomer_n the_o fix_a star_n change_v their_o longitude_n daily_o but_o not_o their_o latitude_n and_o they_o have_v always_o suppose_v that_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n have_v keep_v still_o the_o same_o angle_n with_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a i_o will_v now_o leave_v it_o to_o any_o indifferent_a reader_n or_o even_o to_o the_o theorist_n and_o his_o defender_n to_o judge_v if_o these_o quotation_n signify_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o purpose_n or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o strong_a argument_n against_o the_o theorist_n position_n than_o for_o it_o since_o the_o defender_n have_v advise_v i_o to_o consult_v antiquity_n i_o suppose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o allege_v the_o testimony_n of_o a_o very_a ancient_a philosopher_n who_o authority_n ought_v at_o least_o to_o be_v as_o great_a as_o leucippus_n anaxagoras_n empedocle_n or_o even_o plato_n i_o mean_v the_o divine_o inspire_v moses_n who_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a writer_n that_o be_v now_o extant_a and_o the_o only_a one_o who_o give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o primitive_a world_n of_o which_o the_o philosopher_n adduce_v by_o the_o theorist_n be_v altogether_o ignorant_a in_o his_o write_n there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o the_o coincidence_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o equator_fw-la or_o of_o the_o perpetual_a equinox_n and_o spring_n that_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o primitive_a earth_n moses_n suppose_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o rather_o the_o contrary_a for_o in_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o creation_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o god_n say_v let_v there_o be_v light_n in_o the_o firmament_n of_o the_o heaven_n to_o divide_v the_o day_n from_o the_o night_n and_o let_v they_o be_v for_o sign_n and_o for_o season_n and_o for_o day_n and_o for_o year_n from_o this_o it_o be_v 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scheme_n by_o which_o they_o think_v they_o can_v defend_v their_o own_o principle_n after_o this_o the_o defender_n pass_v to_o consider_v what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o examination_n about_o mountain_n he_o own_v it_o to_o be_v a_o subject_n that_o deserve_v consideration_n and_o he_o say_v that_o if_o the_o examiner_n can_v prove_v that_o there_o be_v mountain_n in_o the_o primitive_a earth_n he_o will_v undertake_v that_o the_o theorist_n shall_v make_v no_o further_o defence_n of_o his_o theory_n the_o theorist_n great_a argument_n why_o the_o face_n of_o the_o primitive_a earth_n be_v smooth_a and_o without_o mountain_n depend_v on_o the_o supposition_n that_o the_o chaos_n from_o whence_o it_o take_v its_o original_n be_v perfect_o a_o fluid_a mass_n this_o i_o affirm_v to_o be_v a_o precarious_a hypothesis_n without_o any_o foundation_n in_o nature_n since_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o body_n we_o have_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v hard_a and_o solid_a and_o there_o not_o be_v a_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o nature_n sufficient_a enough_o to_o moisten_v and_o liquify_v they_o the_o chaos_n can_v not_o be_v so_o fluid_a as_o it_o be_v necessary_a â—t_a shall_v be_v to_o form_v itself_o into_o a_o uniform_a smooth_a body_n beside_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o such_o as_o stone_n and_o metal_n be_v uncapable_a of_o be_v liquify_v by_o water_n the_o defender_n reply_n to_o this_o be_v very_o good_a what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o theory_n do_v the_o theorist_n any_o where_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v stone_n or_o metal_n in_o the_o chaos_n or_o that_o they_o be_v liquify_v by_o water_n the_o theorist_n own_v no_o such_o doctrine_n or_o supposition_n i_o hope_v the_o defender_n will_v not_o think_v this_o any_o answer_n to_o the_o objection_n i_o be_o sure_a none_o of_o his_o reader_n can_v i_o think_v that_o it_o concern_v the_o theorist_n very_o much_o to_o prove_v his_o chaos_n to_o be_v a_o fluid_a mass_n of_o matter_n for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v have_v its_o surface_n smooth_a regular_a and_o uniform_a at_o least_o it_o be_v fit_v that_o the_o objection_n against_o its_o fluidity_n shall_v be_v answer_v for_o if_o the_o examiner_n can_v prove_v that_o the_o chaos_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o fluid_a as_o the_o theorist_n imagine_v and_o from_o thence_o show_v that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v smooth_a and_o without_o mountain_n than_o the_o theorist_n argument_n must_v be_v of_o little_a force_n and_o that_o objection_n will_v still_o very_o much_o weaken_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o theory_n i_o free_o own_o indeed_o that_o the_o world_n be_v produce_v from_o a_o chaos_n such_o a_o one_o namely_o as_o be_v record_v to_o we_o in_o scripture_n but_o i_o be_o far_o from_o grant_v that_o the_o theorist_n notion_n be_v any_o way_n agreeable_a to_o it_o he_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o element_n air_n water_n and_o earth_n with_o all_o the_o principle_n of_o terrestrial_a body_n be_v reduce_v into_o one_o fluid_a mass_n and_o mingle_v with_o one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o part_n of_o any_o one_o sort_n can_v not_o be_v discern_v as_o distinct_a from_o the_o rest_n this_o i_o suppose_v be_v a_o new_a sort_n of_o chaos_n which_o never_o exist_v any_o where_o but_o in_o fancy_n it_o be_v easy_a for_o i_o here_o to_o assume_v the_o defender_n method_n and_o argue_v against_o it_o by_o put_v he_o question_n how_o when_o and_o where_o be_v this_o mix_n and_o blending_a together_o of_o all_o the_o material_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n by_o who_o upon_o what_o design_n and_o for_o what_o purpose_n be_v this_o do_v be_v it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v all_o settle_v themselves_o again_o in_o order_n and_o each_o take_v its_o place_n according_a to_o its_o specific_a gravity_n but_o if_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o before_o what_o necessity_n be_v there_o for_o disturb_v they_o only_o that_o they_o may_v range_v themselves_o orderly_o again_o he_o will_v do_v well_o also_o to_o tell_v we_o from_o whence_o he_o have_v this_o account_n of_o the_o chaos_n from_o sacred_a or_o profane_a writer_n if_o from_o the_o latter_a we_o be_v to_o value_v their_o authority_n no_o further_o than_o they_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o scripture_n since_o it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a task_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v from_o the_o sacred_a history_n that_o the_o heathen_a writer_n first_o draw_v their_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chaos_n which_o they_o afterward_o corrupt_v with_o their_o own_o fancy_n in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n i_o can_v find_v no_o account_n of_o the_o mix_n and_o reduce_v of_o all_o the_o material_n of_o the_o world_n into_o one_o fluid_a mass_n moses_n indeed_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v tohu_n and_o bohu_n which_o we_o render_v without_o form_n and_o void_a and_o can_v we_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v fluid_a and_o mix_v together_o we_o may_v allow_v that_o the_o jew_n understand_v the_o sense_n of_o these_o word_n better_a than_o we_o or_o any_o heathen_a writer_n and_o they_o give_v they_o a_o contrary_a meaning_n for_o according_a to_o the_o syriack_n translation_n those_o word_n signify_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v without_o either_o habitation_n or_o cultivation_n terra_fw-la erat_fw-la deserta_fw-la &_o inculta_fw-la in_o the_o chaldaic_a paraphrase_n they_o signify_v deserta_fw-la &_o vacua_fw-la the_o targum_fw-la of_o jonahan_n b._n vziel_n suppose_v their_o meaning_n to_o be_v this_o terra_fw-la autem_fw-la erat_fw-la stupor_n &_o inanitas_fw-la vasta_fw-la à _fw-la filiis_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o vacua_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la jumento_fw-la with_o which_o the_o jerusalem_n targum_fw-la do_v well_o agree_v according_a to_o which_o paraphrase_n they_o signify_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v stupor_n &_o inanitas_fw-la &_o desolatio_fw-la à _fw-la filiis_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la bestia_fw-la vacua_fw-la as_o that_o paraphrase_n be_v render_v in_o latin_n we_o may_v conclude_v from_o thence_o therefore_o that_o the_o jew_n think_v that_o all_o that_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n tohu_n and_o bohu_n be_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v void_a and_o uncultivated_a without_o out_o ornament_n and_o inhabitant_n man_n or_o beast_n or_o any_o sort_n of_o ammal_n nor_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_a father_n any_o wise_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n tertullian_n in_o his_o book_n against_o hermogenes_n say_v vnde_fw-la compertus_fw-la es_fw-la hermogenes_n uniformem_fw-la &_o inconditam_fw-la illam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la 〈◊〉_d ateriam_fw-la quoe_fw-la ut_fw-la invisibilis_fw-la latebat_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 30_o chapter_n he_o plain_o prove_v from_o scripture_n that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o confuse_a heap_n of_o matter_n mix_v and_o blend_v together_o out_o of_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v st._n ambrose_n in_o the_o 8_o chapter_n of_o his_o hexameron_n say_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v incomposit_a a_o utpote_fw-la solertis_fw-la agricolae_fw-la inarata_fw-la culturis_fw-la quia_fw-la adhuc_fw-la deerat_fw-la cultor_fw-la and_o again_o terra_fw-la crat_fw-mi incomposita_fw-la quia_fw-la nuda_fw-la gignentium_fw-la nec_fw-la thoris_fw-la herbosa_fw-la riparum_fw-la nec_fw-la opaca_fw-la nemoribus_fw-la nec_fw-la laeta_fw-la segetibus_fw-la nec_fw-la umbrosa_fw-la superciliis_fw-la montium_fw-la nec_fw-la odora_fw-la floribus_fw-la nec_fw-la grata_fw-la vinetis_fw-la st._n basil_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o true_a beauty_n and_o composition_n of_o the_o earth_n arise_v from_o its_o great_a fertility_n beginning_n fertility_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o his_o 2d_o homily_n in_o hexam_n near_o the_o beginning_n whereby_o it_o be_v productive_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o vegetable_n such_o as_o plant_n of_o all_o kind_n lofty_a and_o tall_a tree_n as_o well_o those_o that_o bear_v fruit_n as_o those_o that_o afford_v we_o none_o fragrant_a and_o sweet_a flower_n differ_v both_o in_o colour_n and_o smell_v and_o the_o earth_n say_v he_o be_v naked_a and_o unfurnished_a with_o any_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o ornament_n may_v well_o be_v say_v by_o the_o scripture_n to_o be_v void_a and_o without_o form_n in_o those_o discourse_n of_o the_o ancient_a jew_n and_o primitive_a father_n there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n of_o a_o perfect_o fluid_a mass_n of_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v there_o be_v nothing_o there_o of_o the_o mix_n and_o blending_a together_o of_o the_o element_n and_o all_o the_o material_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o their_o write_n we_o can_v see_v that_o such_o a_o chaos_n as_o the_o theorist_n fancy_n be_v ever_o either_o deliver_v or_o suppose_v we_o find_v that_o their_o notion_n about_o the_o origination_n of_o the_o world_n be_v very_o different_a from_o the_o theorist_n who_o hypothesis_n be_v not_o therefore_o
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antediluvian_n rivers_n for_o who_o can_v imagine_v that_o the_o sun_n can_v act_v as_o free_o upon_o the_o abyss_n as_o it_o do_v now_o upon_o the_o open_a sea_n who_o surface_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o continual_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n whereas_o the_o abyss_n be_v enclose_v by_o a_o thick_a crustation_n in_o which_o be_v all_o the_o material_n of_o earth_n sand_n day_n gravel_n oar_n and_o metalline_a substance_n and_o see_v the_o sea_n as_o it_o be_v now_o lay_v open_a to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v but_o just_a sufficient_a to_o supply_v we_o with_o rain_n and_o vapour_n do_v it_o not_o seem_v a_o thing_n against_o common_a sense_n to_o suppose_v that_o the_o abyss_n enclose_v with_o a_o thick_a shell_n can_v have_v send_v out_o a_o quantity_n of_o vapour_n great_a enough_o for_o such_o a_o effect_n but_o i_o pass_v from_o these_o general_a word_n and_o reduce_v the_o matter_n to_o calculation_n where_o i_o show_v that_o if_o we_o allow_v the_o mouth_n of_o all_o the_o pore_n crack_n and_o chap_n through_o which_o the_o sun_n must_v have_v act_v on_o the_o abyss_n to_o have_v be_v 1_o 10000_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n surface_n there_o will_v then_o have_v be_v five_o thousand_o time_n less_o vapour_n to_o have_v serve_v twice_o as_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o dry_a land_n and_o therefore_o that_o in_o a_o country_n as_o big_a as_o britain_n there_o will_v not_o have_v be_v so_o much_o as_o one_o river_n nor_o so_o much_o rain_n in_o a_o year_n as_o do_v now_o fall_v in_o a_o day_n all_o the_o answer_n the_o defender_n make_v to_o this_o be_v that_o i_o suppose_v great_a crack_n and_o pit_n through_o which_o the_o vapour_n ascend_v who_o dimension_n and_o capacity_n i_o examine_v at_o pleasure_n whereas_o he_o do_v not_o
other_o cause_n than_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n though_o the_o argument_n i_o have_v already_o give_v clear_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o vapour_n cause_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n within_o the_o abyss_n yet_o i_o show_v that_o grant_v the_o sun_n heat_n have_v reach_v the_o abyss_n even_o than_o a_o universal_a deluge_n can_v not_o follow_v from_o thence_o because_o i_o demonstrate_v by_o a_o calculation_n that_o if_o the_o sun_n heat_n draw_v vapour_n from_o the_o abyss_n sufficient_a to_o furnish_v the_o river_n on_o the_o earth_n it_o must_v have_v exhaust_v this_o great_a treasure_n long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n this_o manner_n of_o examine_v the_o defender_n call_v contention_n and_o go_v from_o one_o extreme_a to_o another_o though_o for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v there_o can_v be_v fair_a deal_n than_o first_o to_o prove_v that_o his_o principle_n and_o hypothesis_n be_v false_a and_o disagreeable_a to_o nature_n and_o then_o suppose_v they_o true_a to_o show_v that_o his_o reason_n upon_o they_o be_v false_a and_o inconclusive_a and_o the_o cause_n he_o assign_v be_v no_o way_n proportionable_a to_o the_o effect_n he_o will_v account_v for_o however_o our_o author_n assure_v we_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o uncertainty_n in_o the_o computation_n he_o know_v i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o exact_a estimation_n of_o the_o water_n that_o the_o river_n send_v into_o the_o sea_n i_o can_v suppose_v that_o i_o have_v not_o come_v within_o the_o truth_n by_o one_o two_o or_o three_o cubical_a mile_n of_o water_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o need_v to_o allow_v nay_o i_o will_v grant_v he_o that_o i_o have_v err_v a_o twenty_o part_n or_o even_o one_o half_a if_o he_o please_v and_o yet_o the_o argument_n will_v be_v strong_a enough_o for_o according_a to_o the_o computation_n the_o abyss_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v exhaust_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 460._o year_n now_o from_o the_o creation_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n there_o be_v 1600._o year_n by_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o which_o ever_o of_o these_o hypothesis_n he_o take_v the_o abyss_n must_v have_v be_v empty_a long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n but_o he_o think_v i_o go_v in_o this_o calculation_n on_o principle_n that_o be_v not_o allow_v by_o the_o theorist_n because_o i_o suppose_v the_o water_n of_o the_o present_a sea_n equal_a to_o the_o water_n of_o the_o great_a abyss_n whereas_o say_v he_o there_o be_v near_o twice_o as_o much_o water_n in_o the_o great_a deep_a as_o be_v now_o in_o the_o ocean_n see_v the_o abyss_n be_v extend_v under_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o the_o sea_n reach_v but_o to_o the_o half_a of_o it_o i_o always_o presume_v that_o it_o be_v the_o theorist_n hypothesis_n that_o the_o crust_n fall_v down_o upon_o the_o abyss_n and_o drive_v the_o water_n from_o their_o place_n so_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n after_o they_o have_v overflow_v the_o earth_n come_v and_o settle_v at_o last_o in_o the_o sea_n there_o may_v indeed_o have_v be_v some_o water_n leave_v in_o the_o hollow_n and_o cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o it_o will_v be_v inconsiderable_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o the_o theorist_n himself_o assert_n that_o if_o the_o earth_n shall_v disgorge_v all_o the_o water_n in_o its_o bowel_n it_o will_v not_o amount_v to_o above_o half_a a_o ocean_n and_o in_o the_o latin_a edition_n he_o think_v that_o it_o be_v altogether_o incredible_a that_o the_o water_n within_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v as_o great_a as_o what_o be_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n so_o that_o this_o gentleman_n who_o assert_n that_o there_o be_v almost_o twice_o as_o much_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n as_o there_o be_v now_o in_o the_o ocean_n seem_v never_o to_o have_v read_v the_o theory_n or_o to_o have_v understand_v the_o theorist_n hypothesis_n which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v but_o what_o if_o there_o be_v twice_o as_o much_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n as_o there_o be_v now_o in_o the_o ocean_n yet_o even_o in_o that_o case_n the_o whole_a must_v have_v be_v exhaust_v long_o before_o the_o deluge_n since_o one_o ocean_n can_v have_v be_v draw_v up_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 460._o year_n nay_o if_o we_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v but_o just_a so_o many_o river_n in_o the_o primitive_a earth_n as_o there_o be_v now_o in_o we_o whereas_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o dry_a land_n there_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v twice_o as_o many_o yet_o in_o the_o space_n of_o 1600._o year_n there_o be_v time_n enough_o to_o have_v the_o whole_a abyss_n exhaust_v as_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o calculation_n the_o defender_n allege_v that_o the_o river_n be_v not_o supply_v by_o the_o vapour_n only_o from_o the_o abyss_n but_o also_o from_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n upon_o it_o this_o evasion_n be_v foresee_v and_o obviate_v by_o i_o in_o the_o 165._o page_z of_o the_o examination_n where_o i_o prove_v that_o there_o must_v be_v at_o least_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o vapour_n exhale_v from_o the_o abyss_n as_o be_v before_o because_o the_o same_o cause_n still_o continue_v to_o act_v will_v still_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o the_o abyss_n have_v at_o first_o furnish_v the_o river_n with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n will_v still_o continue_v to_o furnish_v they_o in_o the_o same_o quantity_n nay_o rather_o in_o a_o much_o great_a since_o according_a to_o the_o theory_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v strong_a and_o strong_a every_o day_n upon_o the_o abyss_n and_o the_o vapour_n exhale_v be_v so_o many_o at_o last_o that_o not_o be_v all_o of_o they_o able_a to_o crowd_v through_o the_o pore_n they_o break_v the_o thick_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o their_o violent_a effect_n to_o expand_v themselves_o and_o fly_v upward_o thus_o we_o see_v all_o the_o shift_n and_o evasion_n which_o this_o author_n make_v be_v not_o of_o the_o least_o weight_n against_o my_o computation_n but_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o water_n in_o the_o present_a ocean_n be_v then_o in_o the_o abyss_n yet_o i_o prove_v that_o from_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o crust_n there_o can_v arise_v no_o universal_a deluge_n because_o the_o theorist_n himself_o prove_v that_o there_o must_v be_v at_o least_o eight_o ocean_n of_o water_n require_v to_o cover_v the_o earth_n the_o defender_n confess_v that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o deluge_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o stand_a pool_n over-topping_a and_o stand_a calm_a over_o the_o head_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n as_o it_o be_v usual_o conceive_v but_o the_o deluge_n that_o rise_v from_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o crust_n be_v rather_o like_v a_o rush_a sea_n overflow_a and_o sweep_v they_o with_o its_o rage_a wave_n and_o impetuous_a fluctuation_n i_o beg_v the_o theorist_n pardon_n for_o mistake_v he_o i_o think_v that_o he_o design_v to_o explain_v noah_n deluge_n and_o not_o one_o of_o his_o own_o imagination_n now_o i_o can_v easy_o prove_v that_o such_o a_o deluge_n as_o this_o gentleman_n conceive_v be_v no_o way_n like_o that_o which_o happen_v in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n for_o though_o the_o theorist_n compute_v but_o eight_o ocean_n of_o water_n that_o be_v sufficient_a to_o cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n yet_o i_o determine_v the_o quantity_n more_o nice_o in_o my_o remark_n on_o mr._n whistons_n theory_n where_o i_o prove_v that_o there_o must_v be_v at_o least_o three_o and_o twenty_o ocean_n of_o water_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o such_o a_o effect_n from_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n can_v but_o cover_v one_o part_n of_o twenty_o three_o at_o a_o time_n and_o the_o other_o twenty_o two_o part_n must_v remain_v dry_a and_o that_o after_o the_o water_n have_v overflow_v this_o part_n it_o must_v have_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o and_o so_o successive_o till_o at_o last_o it_o have_v overflow_v the_o whole_a earth_n this_o be_v the_o way_n that_o our_o author_n must_v conceive_v the_o deluge_n let_v we_o see_v now_o what_o account_v the_o scripture_n give_v we_o of_o noah_n deluge_n genes_n chap._n 7._o v._n 2._o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a be_v break_v up_o and_o the_o window_n of_o heaven_n be_v open_v and_o the_o rain_n be_v upon_o the_o earth_n forty_o day_n and_o forty_o night_n and_o again_o vers_fw-la 17._o and_o the_o flood_n be_v forty_o day_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o water_n increase_v and_o bear_v up_o the_o ark_n and_o it_o be_v lift_v up_o above_o the_o earth_n vers_fw-la 18._o
and_o the_o water_n prevail_v and_o be_v increase_v great_o upon_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o ark_n go_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n vers_fw-la 19_o and_o the_o water_n prevail_v exceed_o upon_o the_o earth_n and_o all_o the_o high_a hill_n that_o be_v under_o the_o whole_a heaven_n be_v cover_v vers_fw-la 20._o fifteen_o cubit_n upward_o do_v the_o water_n prevail_v and_o the_o mountain_n be_v cover_v vers_fw-la 24._o and_o the_o water_n prevail_v upon_o the_o earth_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o day_n chap._n 8._o ver_fw-la 1._o and_o god_n make_v a_o wind_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o water_n assuage_v verss_n 2._o the_o fountain_n also_o of_o the_o deep_a and_o the_o window_n of_o heaven_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o rain_n from_o heaven_n be_v restrain_v vers_fw-la 3._o and_o the_o water_n return_v from_o off_o the_o earth_n continual_o and_o after_o the_o end_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o day_n the_o water_n be_v abate_v ver_fw-la 5._o and_o the_o water_n decrease_v continual_o until_o the_o ten_o month_n in_o the_o ten_o month_n on_o the_o five_o day_n of_o the_o month_n be_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n see_v we_o may_v observe_v from_o this_o that_o the_o scripture_n inform_v we_o that_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v under_o a_o deluge_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o water_n increase_v and_o prevail_v gradual_o every_o where_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 150._o day_n that_o all_o the_o high_a hill_n under_o the_o whole_a heaven_n be_v cover_v that_o all_o these_o mountain_n lay_v under_o water_n for_o several_a month_n that_o the_o ark_n swim_v and_o be_v carry_v up_o above_o the_o mountain_n and_o when_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o abate_v it_o rest_v at_o last_o upon_o one_o of_o they_o that_o it_o be_v the_o eight_o month_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o deluge_n when_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n first_o begin_v to_o appear_v till_o which_o time_n they_o lay_v all_o of_o they_o hide_v and_o cover_v with_o water_n now_o in_o the_o theorist_n imaginary_a deluge_n it_o be_v plain_a as_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v that_o there_o be_v but_o a_o twenty_o three_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n cover_v with_o water_n at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v also_o evident_a that_o the_o water_n can_v not_o increase_v gradual_o in_o any_o one_o place_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 150._o day_n since_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v to_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o water_n in_o that_o time_n his_o single_a ocean_n of_o water_n can_v not_o stay_v but_o the_o three_o and_o twenty_o part_n of_o that_o time_n in_o one_o place_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v have_v go_v off_o from_o that_o place_n and_o leave_v it_o dry_v long_o before_o the_o end_n of_o those_o day_n nor_o be_v this_o idea_n of_o a_o deluge_n less_o consistent_a with_o reason_n and_o philosophy_n than_o it_o be_v with_o scripture_n be_v it_o possible_a to_o conceive_v a_o move_a wander_a mountain_n of_o water_n for_o water_n natural_o settle_v its_o self_n into_o a_o surface_n concentrical_a to_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o whatever_o force_n or_o however_o it_o shall_v be_v raise_v into_o a_o heap_n it_o will_v immediate_o spread_v itself_o uniform_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o descend_v by_o whatever_o way_n it_o can_v if_o therefore_o we_o shall_v suppose_v all_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyss_n draw_v or_o force_v up_o to_o cover_v the_o hill_n of_o any_o one_o place_n it_o will_v immediate_o descend_v and_o form_v itself_o into_o a_o surface_n parallel_v to_o the_o horizon_n and_o so_o spread_v its_o self_n equal_o every_o where_n upon_o the_o valley_n of_o the_o earth_n leave_v the_o mountain_n quite_o uncover_v the_o theorist_n himself_o acknowledge_v that_o a_o mountain_n of_o water_n be_v a_o impossible_a thing_n and_o indeed_o this_o notion_n of_o a_o deluge_n seem_v to_o be_v so_o extravagant_a that_o i_o can_v scarce_o think_v that_o any_o body_n will_v be_v so_o credulous_a as_o to_o believe_v it_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o it_o can_v be_v any_o other_o way_n if_o we_o suppose_v all_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o have_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o ocean_n of_o water_n of_o no_o great_a dimension_n than_o that_o assign_v in_o the_o theory_n which_o can_v cover_v more_o than_o the_o three_o and_o twenty_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n surface_n the_o defender_n in_o vain_a allege_v that_o we_o be_v to_o conceive_v this_o ocean_n as_o a_o mighty_a rush_a sea_n overflow_a and_o sweep_v with_o its_o rage_a wave_n and_o impetuous_a fluctuation_n all_o the_o mountain_n for_o this_o will_v not_o at_o all_o take_v away_o the_o absurdity_n because_o motion_n can_v never_o multiply_v any_o body_n nor_o make_v it_o to_o be_v at_o more_o place_n than_o one_o at_o a_o time_n water_n can_v only_o by_o motion_n be_v in_o many_o place_n successive_o which_o will_v give_v we_o the_o idea_n of_o such_o a_o move_a heap_n or_o mountain_n of_o water_n as_o we_o have_v just_a now_o prove_v impossible_a nor_o be_v this_o notion_n of_o a_o deluge_n agreeable_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o theory_n for_o let_v we_o suppose_v the_o crust_n to_o have_v be_v break_v by_o the_o force_n of_o vapour_n endeavour_v to_o expand_v themselves_o it_o must_v immediate_o fall_v down_o and_o drive_v the_o water_n of_o the_o abyss_n out_o of_o its_o place_n some_o one_o way_n and_o some_o another_o this_o water_n will_v ascend_v with_o a_o very_a considerable_a force_n let_v we_o suppose_v as_o far_o as_o five_o mile_n perpendicular_a height_n after_o which_o it_o will_v descend_v again_o and_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o all_o this_o will_v be_v by_o computation_n in_o much_o less_o time_n than_o one_o day_n these_o water_n have_v acquire_v a_o great_a force_n by_o their_o fall_n will_v descend_v very_o swift_o into_o the_o valley_n and_o cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o leave_v both_o mountain_n and_o upper-ground_n quite_o uncover_v and_o as_o the_o water_n that_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o crust_n can_v cover_v no_o more_o than_o a_o twenty_o three_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n surface_n so_o it_o be_v evident_a it_o can_v remain_v but_o a_o very_a short_a time_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o those_o mountain_n it_o overflow_v whereas_o in_o noah_n deluge_n all_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o earth_n lie_v under_o water_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 150._o day_n thus_o i_o have_v prove_v that_o the_o deluge_n the_o defender_n endeavour_v to_o explain_v be_v neither_o consistent_a with_o the_o holy_a scripture_n true_a reason_n and_o philosophy_n nor_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o theory_n from_o whence_o he_o pretend_v to_o deduce_v it_o of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n though_o what_o the_o theorist_n have_v say_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v one_o of_o his_o gross_a and_o most_o palpable_a error_n and_o though_o there_o be_v a_o positive_a demonstration_n that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o figure_n direct_o contrary_a to_o that_o he_o assign_v yet_o his_o defender_n think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o maintain_v it_o and_o therefore_o spend_v more_o time_n and_o paper_n about_o it_o than_o upon_o any_o other_o point_n he_o be_v not_o content_v with_o what_o have_v be_v say_v by_o several_a mathematician_n and_o philosopher_n of_o the_o present_a age_n upon_o this_o subject_a though_o one_o will_v think_v that_o they_o know_v the_o method_n to_o determine_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n much_o better_a than_o either_o the_o theorist_n or_o himself_o he_o be_v afraid_a that_o they_o will_v give_v it_o against_o he_o and_o therefore_o he_o appeal_v from_o they_o to_o some_o far_a observation_n that_o he_o and_o the_o theorist_n point_v out_o and_o direct_v we_o to_o make_v as_o to_o observe_v for_o instance_n whether_o the_o extent_n of_o a_o degree_n be_v the_o same_o in_o different_a latitude_n or_o whether_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o total_a eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n 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literal_a sense_n but_o that_o moses_n recede_v from_o the_o physical_a verity_n as_o he_o call_v it_o and_o speak_v only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 317._o archeol_n p._n 317._o that_o be_v in_o plain_a english_a there_o be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o it_o true_a the_o world_n be_v neither_o create_v nor_o form_v in_o the_o manner_n there_o record_v but_o that_o his_o history_n of_o the_o formation_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n be_v not_o contrive_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o truth_n but_o to_o the_o notion_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n for_o who_o use_n it_o be_v write_v to_o make_v this_o out_o he_o pretend_v to_o find_v many_o fault_n and_o incongruity_n in_o that_o history_n which_o i_o need_v not_o now_o particular_o consider_v since_o there_o be_v none_o of_o they_o that_o be_v real_o incongruous_a and_o disagreeable_a either_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n or_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n but_o only_o to_o his_o notion_n and_o way_n of_o think_v as_o for_o 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scripture_n be_v when_o they_o deliver_v parable_n those_o be_v only_o contrive_v by_o their_o writer_n to_o illustrate_v something_o wherein_o they_o will_v instruct_v the_o people_n can_v never_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o a_o literal_a meaning_n this_o way_n of_o writing_n be_v indeed_o very_o ancient_a and_o be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o inform_a mankind_n in_o the_o precept_n of_o prudence_n and_o morality_n which_o be_v never_o so_o easy_o retain_v or_o so_o strong_o imprint_v on_o our_o imagination_n as_o when_o they_o be_v couch_v under_o some_o fable_n who_o moral_a be_v easy_o apprehend_v but_o then_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o parable_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o delivery_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v that_o their_o author_n never_o design_v
the_o while_o it_o be_v not_o visible_a but_o obscure_v by_o a_o dark_a and_o thick_a atmosphere_n by_o which_o the_o power_n of_o its_o beam_n must_v be_v extreme_o weaken_v in_o answer_n to_o this_o 9_o vindic._n pag._n 9_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o do_v not_o suppose_v that_o all_o the_o water_n that_o be_v in_o the_o sea_n lake_n and_o river_n of_o the_o first_o earth_n make_v above_o the_o thousand_o part_n of_o our_o present_a ocean_n which_o he_o think_v may_v have_v be_v easy_o exhale_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o one_o half_a year_n now_o i_o will_v have_v he_o to_o consider_v this_o objection_n a_o little_a further_o and_o he_o will_v find_v that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o light_a as_o he_o imagine_v it_o be_v he_o know_v that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n betwixt_o land_n and_o sea_n that_o the_o ground_n may_v be_v sufficient_o furnish_v with_o rain_n and_o dew_n for_o the_o quantity_n of_o vapour_n that_o be_v raise_v from_o water_n all_o other_o thing_n be_v 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part_n be_v but_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o what_o they_o be_v now_o upon_o we_o they_o will_v not_o raise_v above_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o vapour_n that_o can_v be_v raise_v by_o the_o free_a and_o open_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o sun_n when_o it_o now_o act_n upon_o we_o free_o raise_v not_o much_o above_o one_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o present_a ocean_n into_o vapour_n therefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o in_o the_o other_o case_n it_o can_v not_o raise_v much_o above_o the_o ten_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o present_a ocean_n and_o a_o sea_n only_o form_v from_o those_o vapour_n will_v be_v little_o better_a than_o none_o at_o all_o but_o allow_v it_o possible_a in_o the_o manner_n mr._n whiston_n contend_v for_o allow_v he_o too_o that_o this_o small_a stock_n of_o water_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o after_o all_o this_o way_n of_o form_v the_o primitive_a sea_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n agreeable_a to_o the_o account_n give_v 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