God seuen times a daie and to praye with ordenarie oraisons Towarde the eueninge euensonge and compline more late Matines in the morninge and incontinente prime and howres in ordre of tyme Hora prjma tertia sexta nona as thei stande in * ordre of name And this humbly before the aultare if he maye conueniently with his face towarde the Easte The pater nostre and the Crede said thei onely at the beginnyng of their seruice as the commune people do nowe a daies also Saincte Ierome at the vrgent request of Pope Damasus parted out the Psalmes acording to the daies of the wieke And appoincted for euery houre a porciō of propre psalmes For the nighte houres on the holy daye .ix. and on the worcking daye .xii. For laudes in the morning .v. for euensonge as many and for eche other houre but thre He also ordeined the Epistles Godspelles and other seruice vsed to be red out of the olde or newe testament in maner altogether sauing the note The Anthemes which Ambrose Byshoppe of millayne wrate and endited Damasus put ordre that the quiere should sing side aftre side added to euery psalmes ende Gloria patri c. The lessons and Himpnes that go before eche one of the howres did the coūceiles of Thoulouse and Agathone aucthorise The orisons the grailes the tractes the Alleluya thoffertorie the Communions in the Masse the Anthemes Versicles repitions and other thinges either songe or redde by nyghte or by daye to the beautifieng and praysing of God did Gregory Gelasius Ambrose and many other holy fathers deuise and put furthe not at one time but at sondry The Masse so terme thei the sacrifice was firste vsed to be done in suche simple sorte as yet is accustomed vppon good friday Easter euen with certeine lessōs before it But then Pope Celestinus put to the office of the Masse Thelesphorus Gloria in excelsis But Hilarius of pictauia made the Et in terra Simachus ordeined it to be songue The Salutaciōs which by the terme of Dominus vobiscum be made seuen tymes in a Masse ware taken out of the booke of Ruthe by Clemente and Anaclete and put in in their places Gelasius made vp all the reste to the Offertory in the same ordre thei be vsed Excepte the Sequenres and the Crede wherof Nicolas put in the firste Damasus the nexte acordinge to the Sinode of Constantinople The bidding of the beades with the collacion that was wonte to be made in the pulpite on Sondaies and halydaies raither grewe to a custome by the example of Nehemias and Esdras then was by any aucthorised In this collation at the firste comming vp therof when so many as ware presēte at the Masse did receiue the communion acording as was ordeyned by a decree thei that ware at any discorde ware exhorted to concorde agremente And that thei should receiue the sacrament of the aulter cleane from the fylthe of sinne vppon the whiche consideracion at this daye it endeth with confiteor or an open confession There ware thei wonte to teache the instrumentes of the olde lawe and the newe The ten cōmaundementes The .xii. articles of our beleue The seuen sacramentes holy folkes liues and Martirdomes holy dayes doctrines and disciplines vertues and vices and what soeuer are necessary beside forthe for a christiane to knowe Gregory lineked on the offertorie Leo the prefaces Gelasius the greate Canō the lesse The Sanctus blessed Sixtus And Gregory the Pater noster out of the Gospell of sainte Mathewe Martialle the scholer of blessed Peter deuised that Bysshoppes should gyue their benediction at the Agnus And as for other infeour priestes Innocentius commaūded them to giue the paxe that is to saye peace Sergius tacked on the Agnus and Gregory the poste communion The closing vp of all with Ite missa est Benedicamus Deo gratias was Leoes inuencion The. xii articles of our beleue whiche the blessed Apostles would euery manne not onely to confesse with mouthe but to beleue also in harte are these Firste that ther is one God in Trinitie the father almighty maker of heauen and earthe The seconde Iesus Christe his onely sonne our Lorde The thirde the same beinge conceiued of the holye ghoste to haue bene borne of the Virgine Marie The fourthe to haue suffred vndre Ponce pilate to haue bene crucified deade bewried and to haue descended in to helle The fiueth to haue risen agayne the thirde daye fro the deade The sixteth to haue ascended vp into the heauēs and to sitte on the right hande of God the father almighty The seuenth that he shall come fro thence like a triūpher to iudge the quicke and the deade The eight that ther is an holy ghoste The nineth that ther is an holy churche vniuersalle the communion of the godly and good The tenthe forgiuenesse of sinnes The eleuēth the rising againe of the flesshe The twelueth aftre our departing life in another worlde euerlasting The tenne commaundementes whiche god wrate with his owne fingre and gaue vnto the Israelites by Moises whiche thapostles willed vs also to kiepe The firste thou shalte haue none other Goddes but me The seconde thou shalte not make the any grauē Image or likenesse of any thing that is in heauē aboue in the earthe benethe or in the water vnder the earthe thou shalt not bowe doune to them nor worshippe them The third thou shalt not take the name of thy lorde God in vaine The fowrthe remembre that thou kiepe holie thy Sabboth daie The fiueth honour thy father mother The sixteth thou shalte doe no murdre The seuenth thou shalte not commit adulterie The eight thou shalte not steale The nineth thou shalt beare no false witnesse against thy neighbour The tenthe thou shalte not desyre thy neyghbours house his wife his seruaunte his maide his Oxe nor his Asse nor any thing that is thy neighbours The seuen Sacramentes of the churche whiche are conteined in the fiue laste Articles of our beleue and commaunded vs by the holie fathers to be beleued The firste diepyng into the water called Baptisyng aftre the Greke This by canonicalle decree in time paste was not wonte to be giuen excepte greate necessitie soner required it but to those that had bene scholers a space afore to learne the thinges appertinēt to christendome Yea and that aftre thei had bene exceadingly welle enstructed in the faithe and proufe taken of their profityng by seuen examinacions whiche ware made vpon seuen seueralle daies in the Lente and so ware thei Baptissed vpon Easter euen and Whitesondaie euen Vpon whiche daies thei ware accustomed to hallowe the christening watre in euery Paroche But because this specially of all other is chiefly necessarie vnto euerlasting saluacion leasse any bodie should die without it thei decreed that assone as the childe was borne godfathers should be sought for it as it ware for witnesses or sureties whiche should bryng the childe vnto the Churche doore
¶ The Fardle of facions conteining the aunciente maners customes and Lawes of the peoples enhabiting the two partes of the earth called Affrike and Asie Printed at London by Ihon Kingstone and Henry Sutton 1556 ¶ To the righte honourable the Erie of Arundel Knight of the ordre and Lorde Stewarde of the Quienes maiesties moste honourable householde AFtre what time the barrein traueiles of longe seruice had driueÌ„ me to thinke libertie the best rewarde of my simple life right honorable Erle and that I had determined to leaue wrastlyng with fortune and to giue my self wholie to liue vpon my studie and the labours of my hand I thought it moste sitting with the duetie that I owe to God and manne to bestowe my time if I could as well to the profite of other as of my self Not coueting to make of my floudde another maÌ„nes ebbe the Cancre of all commune wealthes but rather to sette other a flote where I my self strake on grouÌ„d Tourning me therefore to the searche of wisedome and vertue for whose sake either we tosse or oughte to tosse so many papers and tongues although I founde aboute my self verie litle of that Threasure yet remembred I that a fewe yeres paste at the instaunce of a good Citezein who might at those daies by aucthoritie commaunde me I had begonne to translate a litle booke named in the Latine Omnium gentium mores gathered longe sence by one Iohannes Boemus a manne as it appereth of good iudgemente and diligence But so corrupted in the Printing that aftre I had wrasteled a space with sondrie Printes I rather determined to lose my labour of the quartre translacion then to be shamed with the haulf And throwing it a side entended no further to wearie my self therwithall at the leaste vntill I mighte finde a booke of a bettre impressioÌ„ In searching wherof at this my retourne to my studie although I found not at the full that that I sought for yet vndrestanding emong the booke sellers as one talke bringes in another that men of good learning and eloqueÌ„ce bothe in the Frenche and Italien tonge had not thought skorne to bestowe their time aboute the translacion therof and that the Emperours Maiestie that now is vouchedsaulfe to receiue the presentation therof at the Frenche translatours hande as well appereth in his booke it kindled me againe vpon regard of mine owne profite and other menues moe to bring that to some good pointe that earst I had begonne For thought I seing the booke hath in it muche pleasant barieâ—â—e of thinges and yet more profite in the pitthe if it faile to bee otherwise rewarded it shall it thanckefully of the good be regarded Wherefore setting vpon it a fresshe where the booke is deuided acording to thaunciente deuision of the earth into thre partes Affrique Asie and Europe hauing brought to an ende the two firste partes I found no persone in mine opinioÌ„ so fitâ—e as your honour to present theim vnto For seing the whole processe ronneth vpon gouernaunce and Lawes for thadministracion of commune wealthes in peace and in warre of aunciente times to fore our greate graundfathers daies to whom mighte I bettre presente it then to a Lorde of verie nobilitie and wisedome that hath bene highe Mare-shalle in the fielde abrode deputie of the locke and keie of this realme and a counsailour at home of thre worthie princes Exercised so many waies in the waues of a sickle Commune wealthe troubled sometime but neuer disapoincted of honourable successe To your good Lordeshippe then I yelde committe the firste fruictes of my libertie the firste croppe of my labours this firste daie of the Newe yere beseching the same in as good parte to receiue it as I humblie offre it and at your pleasure to vnfolde the Fardle and considre the stuffe Whiche euer the farder in shall fieme I truste the more pleasaunte and fruictefulle And to conclude if I shall ondresraÌ„de that your honour delighteth in this it shal be a cause sufficiente to make me go in hande with Europe that yet remaineth vntouched Almightie God giue vnto your Lordeshippe prosperous fortune in sounde honour and healthe Your Lordshippes moste humblie at commaundemente William Watreman The Preface of the Authour I HAVE sought out at times as laisure hath serued me Good reader the maners and facioÌ„s the Lawes Customes and Rites of all suche peoples as semed notable and worthy to be put in remembraÌ„ce together with the situarioÌ„ descripcioÌ„ of their habitatioÌ„s which the father of Stories Herodotus the Greke Diodorus the Siciliane Berosus Strabo Solinus Trogus Pompeius Ptolomeus Plinius Cornelius the still Dionysius the Afriane PoÌ„ponius Mela Caesar Iosephus and certein of the later writers as Vincentius and Aeneas Siluius whiche aftreward made Pope had to name Pius the seconde Anthonie Sabellicus Ihon Nauclerus Ambrose Calepine Nicholas Perotte in his cornu copiae and many other famous writers eche one for their parte as it ware skatered by piece meale seâ— furthe to posteritie Those I saie haue I sought out gathered together and acordyng to the ordre of the storie and tyme digested into this litle packe Not for the hongre of gaine or the ticklyng desire of the peoples vaine brute and vnskilfulle commendacion but partly moued with the oportunitie of my laisure the wondrefull profite and pleasure that I conceiued in this kinde of studie my self and partly that other also delightyng in stories might with litle labour finde easely when thei would the somme of thynges compiled in one Booke that thei ware wonte with tediousnes to sieke in many And I haue shocked theim vp together aswell those of auncience tyme as of later yeres the lewde aswell as the vertuous indifferentlie that vsyng theÌ„ as present examples and paternes of life thou maiest with all thine endeuour folowe the vertuous and godlie with asmuche warenes eschewe the vicious vngodly Yea that thou maiest further my reader learne to discerne how men haue in these daies amended the rude simplicitie of the first worlde froÌ„ Adam to the floud and many yeres after when men liued skateryng on the earthe without knowlege of Money or what coignement or Merchauntes trade no maner of exchauÌ„ge but one good tourne for another When no man claimed aught for his seueralle but lande and water ware as coÌ„mune to al as Ayer and Skie WheÌ„ thei gaped not for honour ne hunted after richesse but eche man contented with a litle passed his daies in the wilde fielde vnder the open heauen the couerte of some shadowie Tree or slendre houelle with suche companion or companioÌ„s as siemed them good their diere babes and children aboute them Sounde without carcke and in restfull quietnesse eatyng the fruictes of the fielde and the milke of the cattle and drinking the waters of the christalline springes First clad with the softe barcke of trees or the faire broade leaues in processe with rawe felle and hide full vnworkemanly patched together Not then
other mennes olde store but opened thee also the treasury of myne owne witte and bokes not euery where to be found and like a liberall feaster haue set before thee much of myne owne and many thynges newe Farewell and thankefully take that that with labour is brought thee ¶ The first Chapiter ¶ The true opinion of the deuine concernyng the beginnyng of man WHen God had in V. daies made perfecte the heauens and the earth and the furniture of bothe whiche the latines for the goodlinesse and beautie therof call Mundus and we I knowe not for what reason haue named the worlde the sixth daie to the entent there mighte be one to enioye and be Lorde ouer all he made the moste notable creature Man One that of all earthly creatures alone is endowed with a mynde and spirit from aboue And he gaue him to name Adam accordyng to the colour of the molde he was made of Then drowyng out of his side the woman whilest he slept to th ende he should not be alone knitte her vnto hym as an vnseparable compaignion and therwith placed them in the moste pleasaunt plot of the earth fostered to flourishe with the moisture of floudes on euery parte The place for the fresshe grienesse and merie shewe the Greques name Paradisos There lyued they a whyle a moste blessed life without bleamishe of wo the earth of the own accorde bringing forth all thing But when they ones had transgressed the precepte they ware banysshed that enhabitaunce of pleasure and driuen to shift the world And fro thenceforth the graciousnes of the earth was also abated the francke fertilitie therof so withdrawen that labour and swette now wan lesse a greate deale then ydle lokyng on before tyme had done Shortly crepte in sickenes and diseases and the broyling heate and the nipping cold began to assaile their bodyes Their first sonne was Layin and the seconde Abell and then many other And as the world grewe into yeares and the earth began to waxe thicke peopled loke as the nombre did encreace so vices grew on and their lyuing decaied euer into woors For giltelesse dealyng wrong came in place for deuoutenesse coÌ„tempte of the Goddes and so farre outraged their wickednes that God skarcely fynding one iuste Noha on the earth whom he saued with his housholde to repayre the losse of mankind and replenysshe the worlde sente a floude vniuersall whiche couering all vnder water killed all fleshe that bare lyfe vppon earth excepte a fewe beastes birdes and wormes that ware preserued in the misticall arke In the ende of fiue Monethes aftre the floude began the Arque touched on the mouÌ„teines of Armenia And within foure Monethes aftre Noas and all his beyng restored to the earth with Goddes furtheraunce in shorte space repeopled the worlde And to th ende the same myghte euery wheare again be enhabited he dispersed his yssue and kyndredes into sondrie coastes After Berosus opynion he sent Cham otherwyse named Cameses and Chamesenuus with his ofspring into Egipte Into Lybia and Cirene Triton And into the whole residewe of Affrike the ancient Iapetus called Attalus Priscus Ganges he sent into Easte Asia with certeine of the sonnes of Comerus Gallus And into Arabia the fertile one Sabus sirnamed Thurifer Ouer Arabia the Waaste he made Arabus gouernour and Petreius ouer Petrea He gaue vnto Canaan all that lyeth fro Damasco to the outemost bordre of Palestine In Europe he made Tuisco king of Sarmatâ—a from the fâ—oude of Tanais vnto the Rhene And there were ioyned vnto him all the sonnes of Istrus and Mesa with their brethren fro the mounteyne of Adula to Mesemberia pontica Archadius and Emathius gouerned the Tirianes Comerus Gallus had Italie and Fraunce Samothes Briteigne and Normandie and Iubal Spayne That spiedie and vnripe puttyng forthe of the children from their progenitours before they had throughly learned and enured them selues with their facions and maners was the cause of all the diuersitie that after ensued For Cham by the reason of his naughty demeanour towarde his father beyng constrayned to departe with his wyfe and hys chyldren planted him selfe in that parte of Arabia that after was called by his name And lefte no trade of religion to his posteritie because he none had learned of his father Wher of it came to passe that when in processe of tyme they ware encreased to to many for that londe beyng sent out as it ware swarme aftre swarme into other habitations and skatered at length into sondry partes of the worlde for this banyished progeny grewe aboue measure some fel into errours wherout thei could neuer vnsnarle themselues The tongue gan to altre the knowledge of the true God and all godlie worshippe vanished out of mind Inso muche that some liued so wildely as aftre thou shalt here that it ware harde to discerne a difference betwixte them and the beastes of the felde Thei that flieted into Egipt wonderyng at the beautie and course of the Sonne the Moone as though there had been in them a power deuine began to worship them as Goddes callyng the lesse Isis and the bigger Osiris To Iupiter also thei Sacrificed did honour as to the principall of life To Vulcan for fire to Pallas as Lady of the skie to Ceres as gouerneresse of the arth and to sondry other for other sondry considerations Neyther staied that darkenesse of iniquitie in Egipte alone but where so euer the progeny of Cham stepte in from the begynnyng there fell true godlines all oute of minde and aboÌ„dage to the deuell entred his place And there neuer was countrie mother of moe swarmes of people then that part of Arabia that he and his chase to be theirs So greate a mischief did the vntymely banishemente of one manne bring to the whole CoÌ„trarily the progenie of Iapheth and Sem brought vp to full yeres vndre their elders and rightly enstructed contentyng theÌ„ selues with a litle circuite straied not so wide as this brother had doen. Whereby it chaunced that the zeale of the truthe I meane of good liuyng and true worshippe of one onely God remained as hidden in one onely people vntill the tyme of Messias ¶ The seconde Chapitre ¶ The false opinion of the Philosophre concernyng the begynnyng of man BVt the aunciente Philosophers whiche without knowledge of God and his truthe many yeres ago wrate vpon the natures of thinges and thistories of times had another opinion of the originall of man For certain of them belieued the worlde euer to haue been and that euer it should be and man together with it to haue had no beginnyng Certaine did holde that it had a beginnyng and an ende it should haue and a time to haue been when man was not For saie thei the begynner of thynges visible wrapped vp bothe heauen and earth at one instant togither in one paterne and so a distinction growyng on betwixte these meynte bodies the worlde to haue begon in suche ordre as we
not to eate Thei worshippe the Fridaie laieng all labour and businesse aparte with as greate solempnitie and deuocion as we doe the Sondaie or as the Iewes doe the Sabboth daie In euery citie there is ons principall or head Churche In the whiche vppon the Fridaie at aftre Noone thei all assemble together And aftre soleÌ„pne praiers heare a sermone Thei acknowledge one God to whom thei make no like nor equalle and Mahomet to be his trustie and welbeloued Prophete All the Saracenes are bound to praie fiue times on the daie with their faces toward the South And before thei so do to the ende thei maie be cleane from all filthe of bodie to wasshe them selues toppe and taile heade eares eyes nose monthe armes handes bealy colions legges and fiete Specially if he haue bene late at the soile with a woman or stouped on his taile to vnburden his bealie Ercept he haue some lette of iournie or sickenesse But if he lacke watre to doe this withall as that sieldome or neuer can happen for that thei haue in all cities bathes ordenarie for the purpose thei supplie the defaulte with the moulde of fresshe cleane earthe wherewith thei rubbe ouer their whole bodies Who so is polluted in any maner wise suffreth no man before this clensing to speake with hym or to see him if it be possible Euery yere for the space of fiue wiekes continually together thei faste al daie as presicely as is possible bothe froÌ„ meate drincke and women But aftre the sonne is ones doune till the next daie he riseth thei neither spare eatyng ne drinckyng ne pressyng of pappes In th ende of their lente and againe the sixtieth daie aftre Thei kiepe their passeouer or Easter in remeÌ„braunce of the Rambe shewed vnto Abraham to be Sacrificed in the steade of his sonne and of a certaine nighte in the whiche thei doe beleue that the Alcorane was giuen them from heauen Euery yere ones the Saracenes also are bound of duetie to visite the house of God in the citie of Mecha bothe to acknowlege their homage and to yelde vnto Mahomete his yerely honour at his Sepulchre there The Saracenes compelle no man to forsake his opinion or be lief ne yet labour so to perswade any couÌ„trie to do Although their Alcorane commaunde theim to treade doune and destroye all menne of the contrary belieue yea them their prophetes But through this sufferauÌ„ce ther are to be founde enhabiting in Turkie peoples of all opinions and beleue euery man vsinge suche kinde of worshippe to his God as to his religion apperteineth Their priestes do not muche diffre from the commune people nor yet their churches from their dwelling houses Yf thei knowe the Alcorane and the praiours and ceremonies of their lawe it suffiseth Thei are neither giuen to conteÌ„placion ne yet schole study For why thei are not ocupied with any churche seruice or cure of soules Sacramentes haue thei none nor reliques nor halowinges of fontes Aulters and other necessaries But prouidinge for their wiues their children and householdes thei occupie their time in husboÌ„drie marchaundise huntings or some other meane to get the penie and mainteyne their liuing euen as the temporall men doe Ther is nothing forbidden them nothing is for them vnlawfull Thei be neither burdoned with tillage ne bondage Thei be muche honoured of al meÌ„ for that thei are skilfull in the ceremonies of the lawe teache them to other and be the gouernours of the churches They haue many schooles and large In the which great nombres are taught the lawes there giuen by kinges for the ciuile gouernaunce and detence of the Realme Of the whiche some are afterwarde sette fourth to be men of the churche and some to be temporalle officers Their spiritualtie is deuided into many and sondry sortes of religions Of the whiche some liue in the wooddes wyldernes shonnyng all companye Some kiepe open hospitalitie in cities and yet liue by almose them selues These if they lacke meate to refreshe the niedy straunger and pelligrine yet at the least waie they giue him herbour and lodgyng Other roumyng the cities vp and downe and caryeng alway in bottles faire watre and fresshe if any man be disposed to drinke vnasked they willingly proffre it him and refuse not to take if he for their gentlenesse offre aught vnto them agayn Otherwise they craue nothyng but in al their woordes gesture behauour diâ—â—des shewe theim selues aungelles râ—â—â—â— ther then menne And euery one of these hath one knowledge or other of differeÌ„ce from the reaste The Saracenes or Turkes are very precise executours of Iustice Who so committeth bloudshed hath in like sorte his owne shedde againe Taken in adultery both parties are streight without mercy stoned to deathe Thei haue also a punisshement for fornicatioÌ„ whiche is to the manne taken with the diede foure score ierkes or lasshes with a skourge A thief for the first and the seconde time escapeth with so many stripes But at the thirde time hath his haÌ„de cut of and at the four the his foote He that endamageth any manne as the losse or hinderaunce shal be valewed so muste he of force recompence In claiming of goodes or possessions the claimer muste proue by witnesse that the thing claimed is his and the denier shal be tried by his othe Witnesses thei admitte none but persones of knowen honestie suche as mighte be belieued withoute an othe Thei haue also certaine spiefaultes ordinarilye appoincted muche like to our Sompnours that spie in euery shiere for suche as be necligent and let slippe suche â—raisons and seruice as thei be bouÌ„de to Those if thei fortune to finde them do thei punishe aftre this maner TheihaÌ„ge a borde about their neckes with a great many of foxe tailes and togginge them vp and downe the stretes all ouer the citie thei neuer lette them go vntyll they haue compounded by the purse And in this also nothing vnlike to our Sompnours It is lawfull for no manne beinge come to mannes state to liue vnmaried It is compted amonge them as lawfull to haue iiii wiues as it is amonge vs to haue one Marie whatsoeuer is aboue this nombre as thei may if thei liste and be able to kepe them no degree excepted but mother and fister marie a hundred thei are not iudged so lawfulle The children that thei haue bothe by the one and the other haue equalle porcion in the fathers enheritaunce Sauing that ii women children are compted in porcioÌ„ but for one man childe Thei haue not ii of their wiues together in one house ne yet in one citie For the bussnes disquietinges that might happen therby but euery wife in a seuerall towne The housebandes haue liberty e to put theÌ„ away chrise and chrise to take them againe But yet when he hath ones putte her awaie if any manne haue taken her and she lust to abide with hym she maie Their women are moste honestlie appareâ—â—ed And vpon their heades doâ— vse a