of Light the Light he gives diffuseth it self through the whole man and has an influence into all his conversation 6. There were many Rooms or Chambers in the Ark and so in the Temple yet all these made up but one Ark this signifies many particular Churches yet all the Churches in the world make up but one Church Catholick which is the mystical body of Christ 1 Cor. 12.12 as the Body is one and hath many Members and all the Members of that one Body being many are one Body so also is Christ see Cant. 6.9 My undefiled is but one 7. There were three Stories in the Ark it was three Stories high Gen. 6.16 and so Solomons Temple had three parts an outer Court an inner Court and an Holy of Holies This holds forth the three degrees of the Church There is 1. The visible Church 2. The mystical Church militant here on Earth 3. The Church triumphant in Heaven The Church in her lowest Story is her visible Members here on Earth among whom there be many Hypocrites yet even so she is more excellent than the Mountains of Prey Psal 76.4 Kingdoms are called Mountains of prey that saying being too often true that magna Regna are indeed magna Latrocinia But the Church is more glorious than they The invisible Church is the second Story against whom all the Gates and Powers of Hell shall not prevail Matth. 16.18 It is true in some sense in general concerning the visible Church Christ will always have some visible Societies of Christians in the world that shall make profession of his Name but it holds chiefly concerning the mystical Body of Christ True Believers cannot fall away The third Story is the Church triumphant which is higher than all these and more excellent than all the Kingdoms in the world than all the Churches upon earth 8. They in the Ark were safe and there was no safety but in the Ark so in the Church there is Salvation but no Salvation out of the Church Salvation is of the Jews Joh. 4. extra Ecclesiam nou est Salus It is always true of the mystical Church and it is ordinarily true concerning the visible Church Yea the Ark was safest when the Waters were highest Sea-man have an expression in a Storm they use to wish for Sea-room enough Or we may apply it higher to Christ himself and to his mystical Body Without Christ there is no Salvation but as they were safe in the Ark So whosoever is in Christ and a Member of that invisible Society he is safe and shall never perish 9. In the Ark there were both clean and unclean Beasts yet the Ravenousness of their Natures was restrained for the time Gen. 7.2 So in the Church there are both Saints and Hypocrites Hypocrites are unclean Beasts A Cham in the Ark a Judas a Devil in Christs own Family In the visible Church there be sometimes Wolves within and Sheep without though they are Wolves in Sheeps clothing For profane persons may and should be kept out but close Hypocrites cannot For as in the Ark though there were ravenous Beasts yet their Natures were restrained so in the Church such as are Beasts by nature yet the Corruption of their Natures is restrained there is restraining Grace upon Hypocrites in the Church as well as renewing Grace in the Saints Isai 11 6-9 They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy Mountain 10. There issued out of the Ark a Raven and a Dove whereof the Dove returned again but the Raven did not Gen. 8.7 8 9. the Raven is an unclean Bird Levit. 11.15 a Bird of prey and a Bird of darkness Isai 34.11 The Dove is a Bird of Light at the Baptism of Christ the Holy Ghost descended on him in the shape of a Dove Matth. 3. If a Dove go out from Christ and his Ordinances it shall find no rest till it returns again into the Ark and be taken in by the Hand of Noah by the Spirit of Christ But the Raven goes out of the Ark and returns no more and how many Ravens are there in the Church that depart and fall off and return no more 1 Joh. 2.19 they went out from us because they were not of us You Ravens that are going and coming and hovering to and fro Vide the old Geneva Note as the Raven she went and came Gen. 8.7 and might light on the outside of the Ark If you do not get into the Ark into Christ it shews what you are You that are Doves and gone out return again return to your Rest fly as Doves to the Windows Isai 60.9 The Dove is no ravenous Bird she cannot fight as the Raven and she is swift of Wing pray for the Wings of a Dove in this sense Psal 55.6 make haste to Christ Thus you see what a full and plentiful Analogy there is between the Ark and the Church in all these ten particulars 2. The Deluge was a Shadow of the Day of Judgment and the everlasting Salvation of some and Destruction of others at that day The Apostle Peter parallels them 2 Pet. 3.6 7. the World that then was being overflowed with Water perished But the Heavens and the Earth which are now are reserved for Fire against the day of Judgment It was indeed a lesser day of Judgment and magnum futuri Judicii praejudicium Hence Hell is called the place of the Gyants Prov. 21.16 The man that wandreth out of the way of understanding shall remain 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in caetu Gigantum in the Congregation of the Gyants Prov. 9.17 18. but he knoweth not that the Gyants are there and that her Guests are in the depths of Hell The World will be in a like frame drowned again in deep security Matth. 24.37 38 39. though they see all the tokens appearing and all things fulfilled that have been foretold yet they will not be awakened But when they saw the Flood came indeed Oh the amazement that began to seize upon them when they saw the Cataracts of Heaven opened from above and the Fountains of the great Deep broke up from beneath So at the Day of Judgment every eye shall mourn Rev. 1.7 see Heb. 11.7 Noah prepared an Ark to the saving of his House by which he condemned the World some saved by Noah others condemned by him 3. The Waters that bore up the Ark are made by the Apostle a shadow of the Water of Baptism 1 Pet. 3.21 As that Water bore up the Ark and saved them from drowning so doth Baptism save us For though the Flood was a true and real History ye there be typical Histories as you will hear further when we come to the real Types Therefore that Water had a typical respect to the Water of Baptism 4. Noahs Sacrifice when he came out of the Ark was a manifest Type of the Sacrifice of Jesus Christ For so indeed were all their Sacrifices Gen. 8.20 21 22. Hence Christ is called a Sacrifice of
Ten Commandments Exod. 19.9 that the people might hear and cap. 20.22 he talked with you from Heaven and he wrote them in two Tables of Stone and in the five Books of Moses The Ceremonial and Judicial Laws were delivered in this last way viz. by Writing being left upon Record in the Books of Moses This is celebrated as a choice Mercy Psal 103.7 He made known his ways unto Moses his Acts unto the Children of Israel yea as a peculiar and distinguishing Mercy Psal 147.2 last v. He sheweth his Word unto Jacob his Statutes and Judgments unto Israel he hath not dealt so with any Nation And now seems to have been the first Invention of the Art of Writing The first mention we find of it is in Moses his time In Jacobs time it may seem they had no knowledg of it because in the Covenant between him and Laban instead of any Articles in Writing between them or signing or sealing of it they only erect an heap of Stones as Monuments of Remembrance of it Gen. 31.45 seq And the Invention is so admirable that it seems to transcend all humane Wit and Industry The reducing of all audible and articulate Sounds unto visible Marks and that in so familiar and short a way by twenty or thirty Letters without any further load to the Memory that we may well ascribe it unto God himself as the blessed Author and Inventor of it to help his poor people to and in the knowledg of himself according to that in Prov. 8.12 I Wisdom dwell with Prudence and find out knowledg of witty Inventions 3. The Lord accepted the whole Nation to be his own peculiar people erecting a glorious Frame and Fabrick of Church and Common-wealth amongst them wherein the Lord himself was King and did immediately preside and therefore it hath been fitly called a Theocracy so Gideon Judg. 8.23 The Lord shall rule over you Isai 51.16 that I may plant the Heavens and lay the foundations of the Earth and say unto Zion thou art my People 4. He gave them glorious and visible symbols and tokens of his Presence amongst them walking before them in a Pillar of Cloud and Fire Exod. 13.21 22. which Pillar rested upon the Tabernacle after that the Tabernacle was built Exod. ult ult which also was a symbol of his Presence with them and so was the Ark and the Manna from Heaven Exod. 16.14 15. with the Rock that followed them Exod. 17.6 1 Cor. 10.4 5. The Lord himself conducted and led them through the Desarts of Arabia by the Hand of Moses and into the Land of Promise by the Hand of Joshuah drying up Jordan for them subduing the Inhabitants before them raising up Judges and Rulers for them and finally training them up by many instructing Providences to fit them for the further Mercies he had yet in store for them One would think all things were now well setled but there were two or three things partly defects in this Dispensation it self and partly some provoking evils on their part under it by reason whereof the Lord brought in a further and an higher Dispensation afterwards 1. There had been strange Rebellions and Provocations in the Wilderness which have had an influence into all the sorrows and troubles that have befallen them ever since Murmuring against God Mutining against Moses and Aaron which the Lord took very hainously and therefore destroyed Corah Dathan and Abiram by miracle For to disobey the just Commands of a lawful Magistrate is to rebel against God himself And above all Idolatry Exod. 32.34 35 In the day when I visit I will visit their Sin upon them and the Lord plagued the people because they made the Calf which Aaron made From whence the Jews have a proverb that in every affliction in every calamity that comes upon them there be some grains of the Molten Calf in it 2. There were frequent Degeneracies and Oppressions under the Judges 3. The Tabernacle was unfixed Upon all which accounts the Lord had not yet satisfied himself in the expressions of his own Love towards them but his Heart was full and he was resolved to do yet more for them and so to try them to the utmost Therefore he was pleased to put a period unto this Dispensation which began about the year of the World two thousand five hundred and thirteen and lasted about four hundred eighty seven or eighty eight years 1 Kings 6.1 2. The Lords second Dispensation under the Law was from the Temple to the Captivity in Babylon In this Period the Glory of the Legal Dispensation rose up to the greatest height and splendor and that chiefly in two particulars the Glory of the Kingdom and Temple 1. The Kingdom was setled in the House of David as the Type and Progenitor of the Messiah And in his days and Solomons it extended to the utmost bounds that God had spoken of to Abraham though afterwards for their own sins they were cut short the neighbour Nations shaking off the yoke and the Kingdom it self divided into two parts two Tribes only left to Solomons Posterity The Lord had promised Abraham that his Seed should possess all the Land to the River Euphrates Gen. 15.18 And it was performed in Davids time and in Solomons 1 King 4.21 24. 2 Chron. 9.26 And this Kingdom was a Type of the Kingdom of Christ 2. The other piece of their Glory was the Temple Before God had dwelt in Tents but now he had an House built unto his Name The Lord turned his flitting Tabernacle into a fixed Temple for which David made plentiful Preparation Solomon did erect and set it up He did it in seven or eight years time or more precisely seven years and an half for he began it in the second month and finished it in the eighth 1 King 6.1 and ult and he began it in the fourth year of his Reign and finished it in the eleventh moreover he began it in the 480th year after the coming out of Egypt and dedicated it seven or eight years after which fell into the year of the World three thousand or three thousand and one as you will find if you take the pains to compute and put all the former Periods together And their Kingdom and Temple stood in some degree of outward Glory about four hundred years from the finishing and dedicating of it to the beginning of their Bondage under the Yoke of Babylon And now one would think they had been setled in such a condition as might have stood for ever But the Apostacies were very great which brought this high and prosperous Dispensation to an end to a sad end For 1. The peoples hearts being not so with God as became a people crowned with such Glory God left them and their Princes the first and wisest of them the very Founders of their Kingdom and Temple unto very great and enormous transgressions David committed Adultery and Murther a very unparallell'd case for which the Lord threatneth the
which you made to your selves contra ver 44 of Act. 7. the Tabernacle which Moses made as he had appointed And it seems by the sacred History that they had something of the notion of a Type in their heads in that Invention For they say Make us Gods that may go before us and they proclaim an Holy day to Jehovah therefore they intended the Calf to be an outward and visible Sign to them of his Presence Here ariseth a Question How may we know when a thing is a Type and that the Lord did ordain and design it to that end and use The Answer is We cannot safely judg of this but by the Scripture 1. When there is either express Scripture for it As Adam here in the Text is called a Type of him that was to come So the whole Ceremonial Law is said to have a Shadow of the good things to come under the Gospel Heb. 10.1 The Buildings and holy places of the earthly Temple are said to be Figures of the true even of Heaven it self Heb. 9.24 The Land of Canaan the Country that Abraham and the Fathers sought for it is said they desire a better Country that is an heavenly Heb. 11.16 2. When there is a permutation of Names between the Type and the Antitype this is a clear Indication of the Mind of God As for instance Christ is called David Ezek. 34.23 and 37.24 Hos 3.5 this shews that David was a Type of him and Christ was the true David So Christ is called Adam the second Adam 1 Cor. 15.45 So he is called Israel Isai 49.3 He is called that Lamb of God which taketh away the Sins of the World Joh. 1.29 and our Passover that is sacrificed for us 1 Cor. 5.7 this shews that the Paschal Lamb was a Type of him He is called the Bread of Life and the true Bread from Heaven Joh. 6.32 35. this shews that the Manna did relate to him So the Church of the New Testament is called Jerusalem Gal. 4.26 but Jerusalem which is above is free which is the Mother of us all Rev. 21.2 I saw the new Jerusalem coming down from God out of Heaven We may hence conclude that Jerusalem was a Type of the Church So it is said that the Odours or Incense are the Prayers of the Saints Rev. 5.8 Incense therefore was a Type of Prayer The Gospel-Church is called Israel Gal. 6.16 Peace be on them and Mercy and upon the Israel of God Therefore that People were a Type of the Church of God under the New Testament Gospel-Ministers are called the Sons of Levi Mal. 3.3 the Prophet there speaking of the coming of Christ he saith He shall purifie the Sons of Levi that is raise up a purer Ministry There is nothing more frequent in the Scripture than for the Antitype to be called by the name of the Type and sometimes on the other side the Type bears the Names and Titles belonging indeed and more properly to the Antitype So Moses is called a Mediator Gal. 3.19 So when a Sheep or a Goat is called a Sacrifice and said to make attonement or to expiate Sin there the Work of the Antitype is ascribed unto the Type For those things could not take away sins Heb. 10.4 it is not possible that the Blood of Bulls and Goats should take away sins they were but a shadow of a Sacrifice of Christ the true Sacrifice 3. When by comparing several Scriptures together there doth appear an evident and manifest analogy and parallel between things under the Law and things under the Gospel we may conclude that such legal Dispensations were intended as Types of those Gospel Mysteries whose Image they bear In such a case Res ipsa loquitur For the Type must be made like the Antitype as the Apostle speaks of that illustrious Type Melchisedec Hebr. 7.3 he was made like unto the Son of God As the Deliverance out of Egypt and Babylon if we read the History thereof in the Old Testament and compare it with the Prophesies in the New Testament concerning the Churches Deliverance from Antichristian Bondage we shall clearly see that it was a Type thereof there is such a resemblance the one answers the other so remarkably Hence Divines generally make Sampson a Type of Christ there is such a fair and full Analogy in sundry particulars of his Life and Death between him and Christ So likewise Joseph is generally lookt upon as a Type of Christ though there be no Scripture that doth expresly call him so but if the History of Joseph in Genesis be compared with the History of Jesus Christ in the four Evangelists the Analogy will be very clear and evident The Old Testament and the New should be compared together The Protasis or Proposition of these sacred similitudes is in the Books of Moses and in the Old Testament but the Apodosis the Reddition or Application is to be found chiefly in the New Sometimes the Types are not so explicitly taught but implyed and then a thing may be known to be a Type by diligent observing and comparing the Phrase of the Prophets in the Old Testament and of the Apostles in the New Men must not indulge their own Fancies as the Popish Writers use to do with their Allegorical Senses as they call them except we have some Scripture ground for it It is not safe to make any thing a Type meerly upon our own fansies and imaginations it is Gods Prerogative to make Types And so much for that first Rule Rule 2. The Types were not only Signs but Seals not only Signs to represent Gospel Mysteries unto them but also Seals to assure them of the certain and infallible exhibition thereof in Gods appointed time As we say of our Sacraments Sacramentum est verbum visibile the Sacrament is a visible Promise and holds forth the Covenant of Grace to the Eye and other Senses as the Word to the Ear so it was with the Types of old The Types were visible Promises and not only Signs but Pledges and Assurances of the good they represented They did represent those great Mysteries not only by way of resemblance to the understandings but by way of assurance to the Faith of Gods People Reasons to prove this that the Types were Seals 1. The Apostle saith it expresly concerning Circumcision Rom. 4.11 he received the Sign of Circumcision a Seal of the Righteousness of Faith And there is a parity of Reason in this respect between Circumcision and other Types 2. If they were Signs that did certainly foresignifie they were Seals But the Types were Signs that did certainly foresignifie therefore they were more than Signs even Seals also They did not shew what a one the Messiah might happen to be but what a one he should certainly be they were so many Divine Testimonies to the coming of Christ 3. If they were not Seals and Pledges to assure it will follow that it would have been no disappointment to Gods People and
previous Rules that may be of some use and give some general Light for your better understanding of them 1. They were all godly men No wicked man individually considered ever was or could be a Type of Christ How could Limbs of the Devil men in whom Satan dwelt be Pictures as it were and Looking-glasses in which to see the Shadow of the most high God who is Holiness it self A man personally wicked may be involved with others in a religious Order For the Order is holy though the man be wicked But if single persons be Types they must needs be holy men 2. Whereas these holy men had their failings They were not Types of Christ in regard of their sinful failings but only in their Graces and Excellencies For Sin cannot be a Type of Holiness Therein they were not like but unlike to Jesus Christ the Antitype 3. When Typical persons had real Types belonging to them as oftentimes they had we shall speak to both together at least where they cannot be better and more conveniently referred to some other place As for instance Noahs Ark was a Type as well as he himself Therefore we shall speak to that when we speak of Noah as being a Circumstance and a part of his History which was though a true and real yet withal a typical History 4. These typical persons the highest and most eminent of them were but partial Types Therefore together with the Analogy between them and the Antitype we shall sometimes where we see it needful note also the disparity and disproportion that was between them That you may see how far the Shadows fell short of the Substance and how the Antitype excels the Type And we shall not mention all but only some of the chief and most illustrious And because there be divers of them we shall rank them for method and memories sake into two Classes 1. The personal Types that were before the Law 2. Under the Law 1. Before the Law Here I shall instance only in eight Persons namely Adam Enoch Noah Melchizedek Abraham Isaac Jacob and Joseph 1. Adam He was the first Type of Christ in the world That he was a Type of Christ is clear from express Scriptures The Text Rom 5.14 Who is the Type of him that was to come and 1 Cor. 15.45 The first man Adam was made a living Soul the last Adam was made a quickening Spirit Now to shew you the Analogy wherein Adam did resemble and represent the Lord Jesus Christ It was chiefly in this In regard of his Headship and Influence Adam and Christ both stood instead of all that belonged to them Adam was the Head of the first Covenant Jesus Christ is the Head of the second Covenant Adam was the Covenant-root and Head of all Mankind a publick and common person representing them yea an undertaker for them What they say vainly of the Pope that he is the Church-Representative may be truly said of Adam He was the Representative of the whole World as a Parliament-man acting in the name of the Town or Country that chose him He sinning we sinned in him he being condemned we are condemned in him So Christ is the Head of the second Covenant and of his Elect who are involved and wrapt up therein He hath undertaken for them and presented them to the Father Ephes 2.16 in one body Therefore when he died we died with him when Christ was crucified our Sins were nailed to his Cross and crucified and buried as it were in his Grave If he arise we rise with him to die no more His Influence is to all his Seed For both Adams have a Seed As Adam so Christ Isai 53.10 He shall see his Seed He communicates to them what he hath so doth Christ what he hath Adam conveys and communicates Sin and Death But Christ Righteousness and Life Adam brought in these two great Intruders and Usurpers Sin and Death into the world And as Adam conveys Sin to those that had not sinned actually so doth Christ convey Righteousness to those that had not wrought Righteousness As in the Text Rom. 5.14 with Rom. 9.30 31. The Gentiles which followed not after Righteousness have attained to Righteousness As soon as there is an Union between Soul and Body Adams Sin is imputed to his Seed so as soon as there is a mystical Union between Christ and the Soul by the Spirit of Faith so soon is Christs Righteousness imputed There be some other Considerations may be added unto these 2. The Apostle seems to make his Dominion over the Creatures a shadow of Christs Dominion and Kingdom Gen. 2.19 20. Psal 8.6 compar'd with Heb. 2.6 7 8 9. 3. His Relation to Eve She was taken out of his Side while Adam was asleep and afterwards married to him Gen. 2.21 so the Church is taken out of Christs Side while he was in the sleep of Death and joyned to him as his Spouse by the Covenant of Grace 2 Cor. 11.2 I have espoused you to one Husband that I may present you as a chast Virgin to Christ Ephes 5.30 â—1 We are Members of his Body of his Flesh and of his Bones While Christ dies his Church receives Life and she which lives only by him her hath he espoused to himself in Truth Mercy and Righteousness Hos 2. The Church is both Effectum Objectum Redemptionis the Effect and the Object of Redemption The Effect He died to purchase to himself a Church a peculiar people Tit. 2.14 The Object He gave himself for the Church Ephes 5.25 But yet it follows not that Marriage is a Sacrament though Adams Marriage had such a sacramental or typical notion put upon it he being the common Root of all mankind But this will not suffice to make Marriage a Sacrament no more than the annexing a typical use to the Jewish Sabbath viz. to commemorate their Deliverance out of Egypt will make the fourth Commandment ceremonial And as Adam was a Type of Christ so we may carry the parallel a little further So Eve may be considered as a Type of the Church For the Godly are called her Seed I will put enmity between thy Seed that is the Serpents and her Seed Gen. 3.15 and Adam calls her the Mother of all living Gen. 3.20 So Jerusalem which is above that is the Church is the Mother of us all Gal. 4.26 4. And lastly as Adam was a Type himself so he had several Types belonging to him There were divers real Types belonging to the History of this personal Type As Paradise a Type of Heaven For Heaven is often called by that name 2 Cor. 12. that which in ver 2. is called the third Heaven is called in ver 4. Paradise so Luk. 23.43 this day shalt thou be with me in Paradise Paradise was a Garden of Pleasure Eden from whence the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pleasure and the Heathenish Poems of the Gardens of Adonis But at thy right hand in Heaven are Pleasures
for evermore Psal 16.11 So likewise the Tree of Life in Paradise was a Type of Christ though it was created upon the third day of the Week and before the Gospel it could not be a Type of Christ yet after the Fall and after the preaching of the Gospel Gen. 3. it might be designed and ordained to this use As God provided Physical Herbs for Man before he fell or needed them as to that use of Physick so this Tree of Life before Sin or the Gospel was known It seems to be so spoken of Revel 2.7 and 22.2 The Tree of Life in the midst of Paradise Christ in the midst of the Church Mans Ejection out of Paradise a Type of his deserved Exclusion out of Heaven And the Cherubims with flaming Swords Gen. 3. ult an outward and visible shadow of the Wrath of God and of the Angels of God as Executioners of it on Man who were created to be Ministers to his good and are so again through Grace But as in our natural condition they are the Lords Hosts to fight against us But there is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a much more put upon Christ His saving Virtue far exceeds that cursed influence of Adam in sundry particulars amply opened by the Apostle from ver 12. to the end of the Chapter 1. The disparity is very great both in their Persons The first Adam is of the earth earthly his Name is but Adam Earth or Red earth but the second Adam is the Lord from Heaven 2 Cor. 15.47 2. In their Headship and Undertaking the one of a Covenant of Works the other of a better Covenant of Grace 3. In the Success of their Undertakings The one failed the other kept the Covenant the first Adam was tempted by Satan and conquered by him but Christ was tempted but overcame the Tempter 4. In their Influences The first Adam was made a living Soul the second a quickening Spirit 1 Cor. 15.45 The one conveys all evil Sin and Death to his Seed the other communicates all good Righteousness and Life to his There is Righteousness opposed to Sin and Life to Death and with a much more Rom. 5.15 16 17 18. Not as the Offence so is the free Gift At the great Day when Adam shall see his Seed lost and undone he must own it I have embrued my hands in the Blood of all these But Christ shall say here am I and the Children which God hath given me and not one of them is lost 2. Enoch the seventh from Adam It is true he is not so expresly mentioned in Scripture for a Type of Christ as Adam is but yet by comparing the Scriptures we may discern a clear analogy between Christ and him how he was made like unto the Son of God in sundry things 1. He was a most illustrious Type of Christs Ascension into Heaven and indeed the only Type they had of it before the Law They had but two in all Elijah under the Law and Enoch before the Law Therefore we cannot well omit him Gen. 5.24 Enoch walked with God and he was not for God took him and Heb. 11.5 he was translated that he should not see Death and was not found because God had translated him Some look upon this as a pledg of their Translation that shall be found alive at Christs second coming of whom the Apostle saith they shall be changed or translated 1 Thess 4. But it looks first and chiefly at Christ himself at his Ascension This I mention first as being the chief particular but a further analogy may observed in sundry other particulars also as 2. There was in Enoch some shadow of Christs Prophetical Office we read of Enochs Prophesie Jude 14 15. But Christ is the true Prophet who hath unsealed the whole Book of Gods Counsels that Liber fatidicus Rev. 5. he hath opened it so far as is fit and needful for his Church to know And as Enoch prophesied of the Day of Judgment so hath Christ very fully and frequently 3. We may set him among the Types of Christ for his unparallell'd Holiness in the age wherein he lived which was a corrupt and evil time all Flesh began to corrupt their way Gen. 5.22 24. Enoch walked with God it is twice repeated as worthy of special remark so Christ fulfilled all Righteousness Matth. 3.15 4. His pleasing God For so it is testified of him Heb. 11.5 so Christ Matth. 3.17 this is my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased Joh. 8.29 I do always those things that please him He is pleased so well with him that he is well pleased with Sinners for his sake even for his Righteousness sake 5. His very Name Enoch hath something in it dedicated unto God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 consecratus from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dedicavit consecravit From whence some derive the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Initio and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Feast of Dedication Joh. 10.22 So was Christ Luk. 1.35 that holy thing my Servant whom I have chosen Isai 42.1 and 49.5 formed me from the Womb to be his Servant 6. Some have added in regard of the continuance of his Life Henochs days were as the days of the Sun For he lived three hundred sixty five years Gen. 5.24 as many years as there be days in the year And of Christ it is is said his Throne shall continue for ever as the Sun before me Psal 89.36 3. The third typical person that we mentioned is Noah He is made a Type 1 Pet. 3.20 21. in regard of his preaching and saving those that believed him in the Ark. So Christ hath published the Gospel Matth. 11.27 no man knoweth the Father but the Son and he to whom the Son revealeth him He came and preached Peace Ephes 2.17 1 Pet. 3.19 Christ preached in Noah he saves them that believe his Doctrine he saves them in the Ark of his Church by the Covenant and Water of Baptism 4. Melchizedek was also a Type of Christ and most especially in regard of the excellency and eternity of his Person Priesthood and Kingdom Psal 110 4. The Lord hath sworn and will not repent thou art a Priest for ever after the Order of Melchizedek with Heb. 7.2 3 4. made like unto the Son of God But there is not time to insist upon these nor to proceed to the rest of the Types I shall therefore for the present conclude with something of Use and practical Improvement and shall raise the Uses not so much from the Doctrine in general but rather from that which hath been spoken upon it at this time Vse 1. Learn and know something more of Jesus Christ by what you have heard or if you knew it before let it be more deeply imprinted upon your hearts Let us sum up all together for they are all but partial Types and weak and imperfect Shadows of the Messiah but all put together will give the greater lustre like the Galaxia which is said
see things as in a Glass but in Heaven we have the things themselves And now to sum up all that hath been said in Explication the Doctrine amounts to thus much That the Ceremonial Law hath a shadow or a dark and weak representation of the good things of that eternal future happiness the more lively Image and Portraiture whereof we have under and by the Gospel Quest 4. What are the several parts of this Law of Shadows and Ceremonies these perpetual Types or everlasting Statutes Ans This is a large Field I shall refer them at present to five several Heads omiting Sub divisions lest they be troublesome to weak memories 1. The initiating Seal to wit Circumcision 2. Their Sacrifices and Purifications of sin and of uncleanness 3. The Temple and Tabernacle and other holy places 4. The Priesthood with the whole legal Ministry 5. The Festivals or Legal Times and Seasons These five general Heads will carry us through this whole Subject of the Types For the whole Ceremonial Law and all or most of the Statutes of it will come in under some of these Heads 1. The initiating Seal of those times which was Circumcision the first Institution whereof we have in Gen. 17.10 11. This is my Covenant which ye shall keep between me and you and thy seed after thee Every man child among you shall be circumcised And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin and it shall be a token of the Covenant betwixt me and you Which is contracted and epitomized into a few words by Stephen Act. 7.8 And he gave him the Covenant of Circumcision and so Abraham begat Isaac and circumcised him the eighth day and Isaac begat Jacob and Jacob begat the twelve Patriarchs Wherein he briefly tells us the substance of this Shadow and the meaning of this Type namely that it signified and shadowed forth the Covenant of Grace 2. Their Sacrifices and Purifications for sin and for uncleanness of which Psal 40.6 Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire burnt-offering and sin-offering hast thou not required with Heb. 10.5 10. Many things will come in under this Head for they had both Sacrifices of Expiation for moral sins and Ceremonies of Purification for legal uncleanness and impurity I put them both together because they did both aim at one Scope namely the cleansing and purging away of sin They had burnt-offerings meat-offerings peace-offerings sin-offerings trespass offerings They had legal Uncleannesses of several sorts they had unclean Meats unclean Persons unclean Houses unclean Garments unclean Vessels the saddest of all their ceremonial Uncleannesses was the Leprosy for all which they had Purifications answerable The general scope of all which was to shadow forth Jesus Christ in his purifying cleansing power and virtue as cleansing us from the guilt of sin by his Blood shed and sacrificed for us and from the filth and power thereof by his Spirit dwelling and working in us Therefore he is said to offer up himself a Sacrifice for us Ephes 5.2 and to wash us and cleanse us vers 26 27. 3. The Temple and Tabernacle and the Utensils thereof with all their holy places For they had many and divers of them the whole Land of Canaan was an holy Land They had Cities of Refuge Jerusalem was an holy City Mount Sion was an holy Hill the Temple was an holy House And before they had a sixed Temple they had which was equivalent in signification as well as like unto it in outward form the Tabernacle Heb. 9.1 to vers 6. All which signified and shadowed forth both Christ and the Church Christ in his humane nature the Church both as visible and as militant and mystical and likewise as triumphant in Heaven Therefore the Church of God is called his House 1 Tim. 3.15 4. The Priesthood with all the rest of the Temple Ministry Heb. 8.2 They had beside the High-Priest the other Priests and the Levites some whereof were Porters some Singers And here the Temple Musick comes to be considered the High-Priest was an eminent Type of Christ the true and great High-Priest of his Church And all this Temple Ministry was a shadow of the true Gospel Ministry which though they cannot be called Priests in the Popish sense yet they may be called Antitypical Priests The further mysteries of all which legal Ministry we shall open more particularly afterwards the Lord enabling us 5. A Fifth of these perpetual Types was the Festivals or Holy Times appointed by the Law whereof they had many their weekly seventh day Sabbaoths their New Moons their yearly Feasts That of Tabernacles Passover and Pentecost their seventh year their Jubilee of fifty years containing the Revolution of seven times seven all which were a shadow of good things to come Col. 2.16 17. Vse 1. This Text and Doctrine gives much light for the resolution of that question whether the Law of Moses was a Covenant of Works or Grace The answer is That the Law hath a shadow of the good things of the Gospel but not the very Image of the things themselves There was a mixture in that Dispensation you may take the Answer more fully in three Propositions 1. The thing it self adumbrated and shadowed forth in this Law of Ceremonies is the future good things of the Gospel so that it was indeed a Covenant of Grace that they were under 2. The manner of representation of them was legal and in the way of a shadow not of a full and lively Image so that it was a kind of legal Gospel they had in those times Vid. on Heb. 4.2 3. The carnal Jews made it meer Law by sticking in the shell and shadow and rejecting the Gospel or the thing it self that was adumbrated and shadowed forth unto them Vse 2. See the Justice of God in the rejection of the Jews For might not Israel have understood They did not want a competency of outward means but they wanted hearts Deut. 29.2 3 4. Vse 3. Encouragement in the search we are now upon as to the Types for it is the Gospel and the good things of the Gospel that we look into when we enquire and search into the Types The Law having a shadow of them Vid. on Rom. 5.14 Serm. 1. Vse where there are three Rules for the better understanding of them To which let me add this as an Appendix to the first seek Light from God Psal 119.18 Open thou mine eyes that I may behold wondrous things out of thy Law You may see wondrous things indeed Jesus Christ and the Gospel and many precious mysteries in this part of the Law of God this Law of Ceremonies if God open your eyes but otherwise all will be dark to you Vse 4. Encouragement to believe and receive the Gospel for it hath been held forth to the Faith of Gods people all along and they have rested upon it and found peace We have it declared in the clearest way and indeed every way for we reap the Fruit
before them to battel it was taken captive by the Philistines and Shilo was rejected of God and laid desolate for the wickedness of his people Israel The Story whereof you have recorded in 1 Sam. 4. A very instructing Providence to teach them to take heed of carnal resting in external Ordinances Yea Gospel Ordinances Baptism and the Lords Supper if thou art a wicked man will stand thee in no more stead than the Ark did them Jer. 7.12 But go ye now unto my place which was in Shilo where I set my Name at first and see what I did to it for the wickedness of my people Israel And after this it is observable that the Ark and the Tabernacle so far as it appears out of the sacred History never met again after this parting Which should teach such as pretend to be the Tabernacles of God in whom he dwells as every Christian is to take heed of decays and backslidings in your Christian course For it may be God and thou may part never to meet more We see sad examples of it in many Professors that after backslidings never recover their former Glory they never enjoy the Ark of his Presence any more as formerly What became of the Tabernacle after the Desolation of Shilo and after this departure of the Ark from it the Scripture is in a great measure silent Only this we find that it was at Nob in Sauls time 1 Sam. 21.1 and that it was afterwards at Gibeon in Davids time 1 Chron. 16.39 And finally that the Vessels of it were removed to the Temple after the building of that by Solomon Not as the Jews suppose to be laid by there but rather to be used as occasion was together with the other Vessels of the Temple Some think the Tabernacle had a station once at Mizpeh which they gather from that phrase 1 Sam. 10.17 and Samuel called the people together unto the Lord to Mizpeh But this is not certain because they might be said to appear before the Lord elsewhere and not only where the Tabernacle was The places where the Ark came are more particularly recorded in the Scripture First it was carried from Shilo into the Field of Aphek against the Philistines 1 Sam. 4.2 where the Philistines took it captive and carried it from place to place to Ashdod to Ekron to Gath 1 Sam. 5. At last they sent it home into the Land of Judah First to Bethshemesh cap. 6. Thence it went to Kirjath Jearim Thence to the House of Abinodab cap. 7. Thence to the House of Obed-Edom 2 Sam. 6. Thence to the City of David ibid. ver 12. And finally it was placed in the Oracle in the Temple by Solomon 1 King 8.6 7. where it continued till the Captivity of Babylon at which time it was either destroyed in the burning of the Temple or else carried away to Babylon and restored amongst the rest of the Vessels of the Lords House by Cyrus Some indeed think it was never returned and that the second Temple wanted the Ark. But this to others seems improbable because the High-priest was annually to minister in the most holy place and that in reference to the Ark for he was to sprinkle the Mercy-seat with Blood of which hereafter But these various removals and travels of the Ark to and fro from place to place may teach us this lesson that God hath not tyed himself and his Ordinances and the tokens of his Presence so to any people but that if they prove unworthy he may remove them and seek unto himself another habitation Matth. 21.43 Rev. 2.5 I will remove the Candlestick 4. Hence fourthly among the holy places Jerusalem was very eminent as being the place of the Temple and Ark and all the publick Worship thereunto belonging Psal 76.2 In Salem also is his Tabernacle and his dwelling place in Sion Psal 87.2 The Lord loveth the Gates of Sion more than all the dwellings of Jacob. Jerusalem therefore is made in Scripture a Type of the Church both militant and triumphant Gal. 4.26 for Jerusalem which is above is free which is the Mother of us all Therefore in that magnificent Description of the Church Catholick mystical Heb. 12.22 23. amongst other Elogies it is called heavenly Jerusalem So Rev. 21.2 the new Jerusalem that comes down from God out of Heaven as a Bride adorned for her Husband is the Church throughly reformed in the latter times both in Doctrine and Order and Worship Which Purity is begun here and perfected in another and an higher Glory in Heaven And throughout the Scripture the Elogies given to Jerusalem are very high and excellent It is called the City of God Psal 46.4 The Elect City or the City which God hath chosen 1 Kings 11.32 but he shall have one Tribe for my Servant Davids sake and for Jerusalems sake the City which I have chosen out of all the Tribes of Israel It is called the beloved City Gog and Magog compass the beloved City Rev. 20.9 The holy City Matth. 27.53 many bodies of Saints which slept arose and went into the holy City Rev. 22.19 God shall take his part out of the holy City The City of the living God the heavenly Jerusalem Heb. 12.22 It is called the Throne of the Lord Jer. 3.17 at that time they shall call Jerusalem the Throne of the Lord and all Nations shall be gathered unto it to the Name of the Lord to Jerusalem Quest What is the ground of this Holiness of these places and how are we to conceive of it Answ You heard in general before that it consists in this in the Lords separating of them for himself in a special and peculiar manner But there be four expressions in the Text the explication whereof will a little further clear it 1. The Lord is said to set his Name there 2. Thither shalt thou seek 3. Thither shalt thou come 4. Thither shalt thou bring thy holy things 1. The Lord is said to chuse these places to set his Name there and therefore they are called his Habitation even to his Habitation shall ye seek the meaning is his Name dwelt there What is Gods Name and how is it set in such a place Gods Name is any thing by which he is known the discoveries or manifestations of himself by which he is known amongst his people as a man is known by his Name He sets his Name in such or such a place when he constitutes or appoints it to be the place wherein he will give forth the discoveries and manifestations of himself unto his people There be five things here included 1. That here were the standing symbols and tokens of his Presence The Ark the Mercy-seat the Altar the Sacrifices here they had their abode and residence even in the places that God chose for that end 2. In these places were visible appearances of his Glory upon special occasions As when Moses had erected and reared up the Tabernacle Exod. 40.34 then a Cloud covered
the Mountains of delights of Holiness as Dan. 11.45 No account can be given hereof but the good Pleasure of his Will 4. The Materials and Preparations of them there were the choicest Materials and the most plentiful Preparations for them the people contributed to the Tabernacle very liberally Exod. 35.21 29. Exod. 36.5 6 7. So that Proclamation was made for them to cease And for the Temple was prepared Gold Silver Brass Iron Wood Stone all in great abundance and vast Sums by David and Solomon 1. These rich and choice Materials instruct us that we must give God the best we have and give it plentifully and liberally 2. There must be a preparing time and work for the building of the Temple which to do is Gods free Gift therefore we must acknowledge and admire him for it as David did 1 Chron. 29.14 who or what am I or my people that we should offer so willingly And the way to continue this frame is to beg it of God as there David also doth ver 18. keep it for ever in the hearts of thy people 5. The Parts which I shall mention now but deferring the interpretation of them to another time they were three the House the Courts and the Vessels all these were parts of the Temple take it in the largest sense for all the holy Buildings and appertainances thereof 1. The House or Building the covered Temple Of this there are the common parts that belong to every House namely the Foundation the Walls the Doors the Windows the Floor the Roof The peculiar parts of this house as it was the house of the Lord were the Porch the Sanctuary and the Oracle with the side-chambers belonging to them These are the parts of the House it self or the covered Temple 2. The second general part of the Temple is the Courts about it for they were holy ground as well as the covered Building and they were two the outward and the inward Court or the Court of the People and the Court of the Priests 3. The Vessels they were many I shall instance only the chief and such as were significant of Gospel-mysteries and they are either belonging to the Sanctuary or to the Oracle 1. To the Sanctuary and that either sub dio or sub tecto without or within doors There were four without doors and three within without the Brazen Altar of Burnt-offering the molten Sea the Lavers and the Pillars of Brass within the Altar of Incense the Table of Shew-bread and the Candlesticks 2. To the Oracle wherein was the Ark and the appertainances thereof Heb. 9.1 to 5. Vse Exhortation unto Temple-work It is prophesied that even the Gentiles Zech. 6. ult they that are far off shall come and build in the Temple of the Lord. We are all by nature far off Ephes 2. but brought nigh by the Blood of Christ and built up into an holy Temple to the Lord as it there follows ver 13 17 19 c. to the end Take these Rules about Temple-work 1. Be sure you build according to the Pattern shown in the Mount to Moses Exod. 25.9 Heb. 8.5 It is eighteen times repeated in the two last Chapters of Exodus as the Lord commanded Moses so did he as the Lord commanded Moses And in like manner David and Solomon See the Geneva Note upon it 1 Chron. 28.11 12 19. they had both the Word and Spirit of God to direct them If you ask how may we know the Pattern These are the means of knowing it the Word and the Spirit Hag. 2.5 and they give light in this matter in the way of effectual Humiliation and Repentance especially repent and be humbled for Temple-sins Temple-defilements for your Church-sins Church-defilements sins against the Worship of God see Ezek. 43.10 11. so Rev. 11.1 a Reed is given at the restoring of the Churches and Worship of God from the Antichristian Apostacy to measure the Temple the Altar and the Worshippers Get this measuring Reed into your hands the Word of God Revel 21.15 2. Leave out the outer Court Rev 11.2 that is nominal Christians Look to the matter of the Church else it will be like rotten timber in the foundation of a Building Not that I do exhort you to rigour and severity I know there may be an extream on both hands but take heed of extreams and of admitting persons visibly unfit These two Directions are of that weight that I have thought they are enough as to Communion of Churches If they own the Scripture for their Rule of Worship and Discipline if they build by the golden Reed and if they leave out the outer Court if there be care taken to keep off promiscuous Administrations But if they slight the Scripture as the rule of their Walking or of their Worship and Administrations Or if they be not in a capacity to keep the Ordinances pure I do not see how we can have comfortable communion with them 3. Let there be no noise of Axes and Hammers in building the Temple It was built entirely of hewed and squared stones whereof every one was perfectly fitted for its place the length of the stones some say being the thickness of the Wall 1 Kin. 6.7 It is not to be too rigorously understood but the meaning is is as some express it no sound that was obstreperous to a publick disturbance no laborious sound from the hewing or squaring of timber but only a more cheerful yea melodious harmony from the conjunction and compacting of matter aforeâ—â—â—d fitted and prepared Doubtless this was not without a mystery it may be divers ways applied as that the matter of the Church should be well prepared before their admission as members and that the Saints are aforehand fitted and prepared unto Glory so that when they come to dye they have nothing else to do but to dye for the Temple was a Type of Heaven and of the Church triumphant But the Application that I would make of it is this There should be no noise of strife no contention no collision of mens spirits in Church-society And the means to avoid this is the well preparing of the matter when the Soul is well prepared by an humbling work in its first conversion when hewed and squared it will lye even in the building else not For by Pride only comes Contention 4 Build the House of the Lord before your own Houses so Solomon did The Lords House was finished in seven years but his own was not finished till thirteen years 1 Kings 6. ult with cap. 7. 1. not that he regarded his own House more but less and therefore finished the Lords House before his own And the Jews after their return from the Captivity are greatly reproved for this neglect Hag. 1.4 and 2.19 It is indeed the general scope of the whole book of Haggai It brings a Blessing upon all your concernments Matth. 6.33 Seek first the Kingdom of God and all other things shall be added But if this be
the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest while as the first Tabernacle was yet standing There were dark shadows then of the mysteries of the Gospel 4. The rending of the Veil when Christ died represents his Sufferings in the Flesh or humane nature Matth. 27.51 the Veil of the Temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom If the Veil be the Flesh or the Humane nature of Christ then the rending of the Veil must needs be the breaking of his Body and the sufferings of his Humane nature 5. As by this the Holy of holies was open to the view of all that came to the Temple so under the Gospel the mysteries of Salvation are made manifest Rev. 11.19 and the Temple of God was opened in Heaven and there was seen in his Temple the Ark of his Testament Clear discoveries of God in Christ 6. As the Priest entred into the holy place through the Veil so hath Christ into Heaven and made way for us all to enter after him and with him through his Sufferings Heb. 9.12 neither by the Blood of Bulls and Goats but by his own Blood he entred in once into the holy place having obtained eternal Redemption for us and Heb. 6.2 last which hope we have as an anchor of the Soul both sure and stedfast and which entred into that within the Veil that is into the Holy of holies whither the fore-runner is for us entred even Jesus This is the first accomodation of this Type even unto Jesus Christ himself 2. The Temple signified also the Church and the several parts of the Temple may be considered here also 1. We learn here that there is a threefold distinction of the Church into visible militant and triumphant The outer Court signified the visible Church into which all the people came that were clean according to the Law so into the visible Church come all that make a fair outward profession though they are not all sincere as all were not Israel that were of Israel The Sanctuary and the inner Court signified the Church militant of true Believers who are indeed spiritual Priests unto God And lastly the holiest of all was a Type of Heaven and of the Church triumphant there so the Apostle often Heb. 9.24 for Christ is not entred into the holy places made with hands which are the figures of the true but into Heaven it self 2. Whereas there was a Wall about the great Court to keep out the Gentiles for none but Jews were admitted the Apostle shews that Christ hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us Ephes 2.14 which he hath done by converting the Gentiles and repealing the Ceremonial Law 3. The outer Court must be left out in Church-reformation Rev. 11.1 2. that is when the matter of the visible Church is wholly corrupted these Gentiles must be cast out or left out 4. Whereas the Materials of the Sanctuary and of the Oracle were the same Cedar-boards and Gold and garnished with precious Stones c. as was shewed before when we spake of the Walls of the Temple hence we may learn this Instruction that Grace and Glory differ not in kind but only in degree Grace is Glory begun Glory is Grace perfected Heb. 12.23 the Spirits of just men made perfect A Believer hath eternal life begun in him in this world 1 Joh. 3.15 5. The side-chambers and all the buildings about the Chambers wherein the Priests and Levites had their several Lodgings and stations appointed them may instruct and mind us of those Mansions that are prepared for us in Heaven Joh. 14.2 in my Fathers House are many Mansions if it were not so I would have told you I go to prepare a place for you 6. Whereas in these Chambers were kept and laid up the Standards of all Weights and Measures for so some understand that place 1 Chron. 23.29 speaking of the Levites work in their several places and stations it is said their Office was to wait on the Sons of Aaron as for other things so for all manner of Measure and Size that is as some expound it that unto their Trust were committed the Standard measures of things and here laid up under their custody as in a most safe and sacred Repository and these were called the Measures of the Sanctuary as with us the Standards and Measures are laid up in the Tower We may here learn that God regards Justice amongst men next to his own Worship To unjust persons he saith as Isai 1.11 to what purpose is the multitude of your Sacrifices unto me who hath required this at your hands to tread my Courts v. 12. The reason is given v. 15. your hands are full of Blood And would you know that there are Mansions prepared in Heaven for you you may take this as one evidence of it Psal 15.1 Lord who shall abide in thy Tabernacle who shall dwell in thy holy hill He answers in the second verse He that walketh uprightly and worketh Righteousness and speaketh the truth in his heart And let me add this further do not judge of your spiritual estate by your getting into the outer Court for hypocrites may get in there if they be but outwardly clean But art thou admitted as a spiritual Priest into the Sanctuary to enjoy true communion with God in his Ordinances and to worship God in the Spirit art thou a member of the Church militant as well as of the visible Church The Church militant shall be at last triumphant they shall pass from and through the Sanctuary into the Holy of holies even into Heaven it self whither Jesus our fore-runner is entred for us THE GOSPEL of the TWO BRAZEN PILLARS in the TEMPLE 1 Kings 7.21 22. Novemb. 8. 1668. And he set up the Pillars in the Porch of the Temple and he set up the right Pillar and called the name thereof Jachin and he set up the left Pillar and called the name thereof Boaz. And upon the top of the Pillars was Lillie-work so was the work of the Pillars finished SO much of the House and the Courts Now follows the Vessels or Utensils of the Temple the sacred Houshold stuff or Furniture of this House of God they were many We read in Ezra 1.11 all the Vessels of Gold and Silver were five thousand and four hundred We may distinguish the Vessels of the Temple into two sorts 1. Such as were of natural necessity and conveniency for the Worship that was there to be performed as Knives Pots Flesh-hooks c. which had not their particular mystical significations But yet thus much we may observe from them that the meanest instrument in the Church of God is of some use and therefore not to be despised And of this sort there were some larger Vessels as the Kings Scaffold 2 Chron. 6.13 on which he stood when he came into the Priests Court to present his Sacrifices before the Lord or upon any other occasion For you
of Grace as well as the Creature in the way of Providence we must own God in that and depend on him for it for the Church is compared in Scripture to the Moon Psal 89.37 it shall be established for ever as the Moon and as a faithful Witness in Heaven Cant. 6.9 Who is this that looketh forth fair as the Moon c. As the Moon borrows her Light from the Sun so the Church borrows her Light from Jesus Christ who is the Sun of Righteousness As the Church is compared to the Moon so Christ to the Sun for so he is called Mal. 4.2 but to you that fear my Name shall the Sun of Righteousness arise with healing in his Wings The Church borrows her Light from Christ the Sun of Righteousness as the Moon doth from the Sun in the Firmament for Christ is compared to the Sun as well as the Church to the Moon As the Moon borrows her Light and Lustre from the Sun and is renewed by the aspects and influences thereof so the Church by influences from Christ who is indeed the Sun of Righteousness renewing the state of the Church especially under the Gospel And therefore all those Duties which were to be performed on the New Moons so far as they are perpetual ought to be more plentifully and more abundantly performed under the Gospel as abstaining from servile works from sin the worst of servitudes seeking instruction and attending upon the Ordinances for that end the sounding of the silver Trumpet of the Gospel abounding in spiritual Sacrifices and agreeing in love and amity eating their Bread in singleness of heart 3. Here seemeth to be likewise some intimation of that great mystery of the Incarnation of Jesus Christ I mean his Conception of the Holy Ghost in the Womb of the Virgin Mary For this aimed at Christ as all the other Ceremonies of the Law and holy times and seasons did And some have gone about to make it out thus That look as Christ fulfilled other great Types and Ceremonies of the Law in other things so he did in this As the Feast of Tabernacles pointed to the time of his Birth on the fifteenth day of the seventh month so if from thence we reckon thirty eight weeks backward it will carry us to the change of the Moon at which time is a great conjunction or union of those two great Luminaries the Sun the Moon Here they think may be some dark and weak shadow of the conjunction or union of the two Natures of Christ in one person when he became 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which he did as in the whole state of his Humiliation so especially when he was conceived in the Virgins womb 4. The New Moon is put for every thing beneath Christ Rev. 12.1 the world which in respect of the changeableness of it is like the Moon the world and the glory thereof passeth away never standing at the same stay This should be frequently upon our hearts and thoughts 5. They were to observe the first day of the month not the fifth or sixth day so also their morning Sacrifice was to be offered early in the morning and the Passover celebrated the first month in the year To teach them that as ever they expected the Blessing of God upon the rest of their time they must be careful to set apart the first and best of all their days and hours unto his service 6. They were to observe the first day of every month one as well as another which checks that superstitious conceit as if there were lucky and unlucky times whereas God hath sanctified every month and every time to his people as on the contrary to the wicked the most lucky times prove disastrous as among the Papists that famous year 1588. crowned with so many Astrological Praedictions of ensuing happiness and Victory proved quite contrary to their expectations so that Fulke Pref. Rhem. Test saith it Octogesimus Octavus mirabilis annus Clade Papistarum faustus ubique piis No month to a godly man is of it self evil but let a wicked Haman cast lots from the beginning of the year to the ending he shall find no month good So much for the mystery of their New Moons the second sort of their holy times the first was their annual Feasts the second their New Moons the third is their Sabbaths 3. Sabbaths Let no man judge you in respect of the Sabbath A word to that and so we shall finish the Text at this time This is the third sort of holy times and seasons under the Law The general notion of a Sabbath is a time of Rest They had three sorts of Sabbaths their weekly Sabbath every seventh day their yearly Sabbath every seventh year and their great sabbatical year reckoning seven times seven years which was their Jubilee every fiftieth year In every one of which was something of a shadow of things to come the Apostle is express these things are a shadow of things to come Quest Wherein Answ 1. The Sabbath of the seventh day their weekly Sabbath on the seventh day of the week this was partly moral and perpetual considered as a seventh part of weekly time sanctified and set apart by God from common use for man to rest from the works of his weekly Calling in imitation of God and in remembrance of the great work of the Creation of the world But though the Sabbath be partly moral and it must needs be so seeing it is one of the Ten Commandments otherwise there would be but nine moral Commands and the original ground of a Sabbath is not a ceremonial Institution nor the sin and fall of man but a particular Calling and therefore Adam in his innocent and sinless estate needed a Sabbath and God sanctified this day before the fall of man Gen. 2.1 2 3. but yet the Jewish Sabbath was in some respects Ceremonial and therefore it is abrogated and the Christian Sabbath substituted in stead thereof and therefore the Holy Ghost here in the Text reckons the Jewish Sabbaths in the same rank with their New Moons and yearly Festivals amongst the shadows of good things to come for it had some typical respects and uses some ceremonial Rites and Observations annexed to it I shall instance in two things wherein it is typical 1. For the Commemoration of their typical Redemption and Deliverance out of Egypt Therefore though the fourth Commandment as it is recorded in Exod. chap. 20. is grounded upon the Labour of a particular Calling and upon Gods resting from the work of Creation upon the seventh day which are moral grounds yet in the fourth Commandment as it is repeated Deut. 5. one of those moral considerations is omitted viz. the work of Creation and there is a typical consideration substituted in stead thereof viz. their Deliverance out of Egypt Deut. 5.15 2. As there was in the Jewish Sabbath a Commemoration of that typical Redemption out of Egypt so secondly it was a typical