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A62395 Scot's Discovery of vvitchcraft proving the common opinions of witches contracting with divels, spirits, or familiars ... to be but imaginary, erronious conceptions and novelties : wherein also, the lewde unchristian all written and published in anno 1584, by Reginald Scot, Esquire.; Discoverie of witchcraft Scot, Reginald, 1538?-1599. 1651 (1651) Wing S943; ESTC R19425 465,580 448

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sort as is elsewhere expressed already in this 〈◊〉 treatise A figure or type proportionall shewing what form must be observed and kept in making the figure whereby the former secret of inclosing a spirit in crystall is to be accomplished c. CHAP. XIII An experiment of Bealphares THis is proved the noblest carrier that ever did serve any man upon the earth and here beginneth the inclosing of the said spirit and how to have a true answer of him without any craft or harm and he will appeare unto thee in the likenesse of a fair man or fair woman the which spirit will come to thee at all times And if thou wilt command him to tell thee of hidden treasures that be in any place hee will tell it thee or if thou wilt command him to bring to thee gold or silver he will bring it thee or if thou wilt goe from one country to another he will bear thee without any harm of body or soul. Therefore he that will doe this work shall abstaine from leacherousnesse and drunkennesse and from false swearing and doe all the abstinence that he may doe and namely three dayes before he goe to work and in the third day when the night is come and when the starres doe shine and the element faire and clear he shall bath himselfe and his fellows if he have any all together in a quick welspring Then he must be cloathed in cleane white cloathes and he must have another privy place and beare him inke and pen wherewith he shall write this holy name of God Almighty in his right hand ✚ Agla ✚ and in his left hand this name ✚ ♊ ●●● ✚ and he must have a dry thong of a lions or of a h●●e skin and make thereof a girdle write the holy names of God all above and in the end ✚ A Ω ✚ And upon his brest he must have this presen● figure or mark written in virgin parchment as it is here shewed And it must b●sowed upon a peece of new linnen an● so made fast upon thy brest And if tho● wilt have a fellow to worke with thee hee must bee appointed in the same manner You must have also a bright knife that was never occupied and hee must write on the one side of the blade of the knife ✚ Agla ✚ and on the other side of the knifes blade ✚ ♊ ●●● ✚ And with the same knife he must make a circle as hereafter followeth the which is called Salomons circle When that hee is made goe into the circle and close again the place there where th● wentest in with the same knife and say Per crucis ho● signum ✚ su● at procui omne malignum Et per idem signum ✚ salvetur quodque bex●num By the sign of the Crosse ✚ may all evill fly farre away and by the same signe ✚ may all that is good be preserved and make suffur●gations to thy self and to thy fellow or fellows with frankincense m●stike lignum aloes then put it in wine and say with good devotion in the worship of the high God Almighty all together that he may defend you from all evils And when he that is master will close the spirit he shall say towards the east with meeke and devout devotion these psalmes and prayers as followeth here in order The two and twentieth Psalm O My God my God look upon me why hast thou forsaken me and art so farre from my health and from the words of my complaint And so forth to the end of the same psalm as it is to bee found in the book This psalm also following being the fifty one psalme must be said three times ever c. HAve mercy upon me O God after thy great goodnesse according to the multitude of thy mercies doe away mine offences And so forth to the end of the same psalm concluding it with Glory to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost As it was in the beginning is now and ever shall be world without end Amen Then say this verse O Lord leave not my soul with the wicked nor my life with the bloud-thirsty Then say a Pater noster an Ave Maria and a Credo ne nos inducas O Lord shew us thy mercy and we shall be saved Lord heare our prayer and let our cry come unto thee Let us pray O Lord God almighty as thou warnedst by thine angell the three kings of Cullen Iasper M●lchior and Balthasar when they came with worshipfull presents toward Bethlehem Iasper brought myrrh Melchior incense Balthasar gold worshipping the high king of all the world Jesus Gods son of heaven the second pe●son in Trinity being born of the holy and clean virgine S. Mary queen of heaven empresse of hell and lady of all the world at that time the holy angell Gabriel warned and had the foresaid three kings that they should take another way for dread of perill that Herod the king by his ordinance would have destroyed these three noble kings that meekly sought out our Lord and Saviour As wittily and truly as these three Kings turned for dread and took another way so wisely and so truly O Lord God of thy mightifull mercy blesse u● now at this time for thy blessed passion save us and keep us all together from all evill and thy holy angell defend us Let us pray O Lord King of all Kings which containest the throne of heavens and beholdest all deeps weighest the hils and shuttest up with thy hand the earth hear us most meeke●t God and grant unto us being unworthy according to thy great mercy to have the verity and vertue of knowledge of hidden treasure by this spirit invōcated through thy help O Lord Jesus Christ to whom be all honour and glory from worlds to worlds everlastingly Amen Then say these names ✚ Helic ✚ ●ely● ✚ essejero ✚ D●us ●●ternus ✚ cloy ✚ clemen● ✚ ●eloye ✚ Deus sanctus ✚ sab●oti ✚ Deus exerc●●●●donay ✚ Deus mirabilis ✚ jao ✚ verax ✚ aneph●neton ✚ Deus ineffabilis ✚ sodoy ✚ dominator dominus ✚ on sortissimus ✚ Deus ✚ qui the which wouldest be prayed unto of sinners receive we beseech thee these sacrifices of praise and our meek prayers which we unworthy doe offer unto thy divine majesty Deliver us and have mercy upon us and prevent with thy holy spirit this work and with thy blessed help to follow after that this our work begun of thee may be ended by thy mighty power Amen Then say this anon after ✚ homo ✚ sacarus ✚ Museolameus ✚ ●heruborca ✚ being the figure upon thy brest aforesaid the girdle about thee the circle made blesse the circle with holy water and sit down in the midst and read this conjuration as followeth sitting back to back at the first time I exorcise and conjure Bealphares the practiser and preceptor of this art by the maker of heavens and of earth and by his vertue
Aruspices I Know not whether to disallow or discommend the curious observation used by our elders who conjectured upon nativities so as if Saturne and Mercurie were opposite in any brute signe a man then borne should be dumb or stammer much whereas it is d●yly seene that children naturally imitate their parents conditions in that behalfe Also they have noted that one borne in the spring of the moone shall be healthy in that time of the wane when the moone is utterly decayed the childe then borne cannot live and in the conjunction it cannot long continue But I am sure the opinion of Julius Maternus is most impious who writeth that he which is borne when Saturne is in Leone shall live long and after his death shall go to heaven presently And so is this of Albumazar who saith that whosoever prayeth to God when the moone is in Capite draconis shall be heard and obtaine his prayer Furthermore to play the cold prophet as to recount it good or bad luck when salt or wine falleth on the table or is shed c. or to prognosticate that guests approach to your house upon the chattering of pies or haggisters whereof there can be yeelded no probable reason is altogether vanity and superstition as hereafter shall be more largely shewed But to make simple people beleeve that a man or woman can foretel good or evil fortune is meere witchcraft or cousenage for God is the onely searcher of the heart and delivereth not his counsel to so lewd reprobates I know divers writers affirme that witches foretel things as prompted by a real devil and that he againe learneth it out of the prophesies written in the scriptures and by other nimble sleights wherein he passeth any other creature earthly and that the same devil or some of his fellowes runnes or flies as far as Rochester to mother Bungy or to Canturbury to M. T. or to Delphos to Apollo or to Aesculapius in Pergamo or to some other idol or witch and there by way of oracle answers all questions through his understanding of the prophesies contained in the old testament especially in Daniel and Esay whereby the devil knew of the translation of the monarchie from Babylon to Graecia c. But either they have learned this of some oracle or witch or else I know not where the devil they find it Marry certaine it is that herein they shew themselves to be witches and ●ond diviners for they find no such thing written in Gods word Of the idoll called Apollo I have somewhat already spoken in the former title of Ob or Pytho and some occasion I shall have to speak thereof hereafter and therefore at this time it shall suffice to tell you tht the credit gained thereunto was by the craft and cunning of the priests which tended thereupon who with their counterfeit miracles so bewitched the people as they thought such vertue to have been contained in the bodies of those idols as God hath not promised to any of his angels or elect people For it is said that if Apollo were in a chafe he would sweat if he had remorse to the afflicted and could no● help them he would shed tears which I believe might have been wiped away with that handkerchiefe that wiped and d●yed the Rood of graces face being in the like perplexities Even as another sort of witching priests called Ar●spices prophesied victory to Alexander because 〈◊〉 eagle lighted one his head which eagle might I beleeve be cooped or caged with Mahomets dove that picked ●eason out of his eare CHAP. IV. The predictions of soothsayers and lewd peiests the prognostications of Astronomers and Physitians allowable Divine Prophesie holy and good THe cousening tricks of oracling priests and monkes are and have been specially most abominable The superstitious observations of se●lesse augurors and soothsaiers contrary to Philosophy and without authority of scripture are very ungodly and ridiculous Howbeit I reject not the prognostications of astronomers nor the conjectures or fore warnings of Physitians nor yet the interpetations of Philosophers although in respect of the divine prophesies contained in holy Scriptures they are not to be weighed or regarded For the end of these and the other is not only far differing but whereas these contain onely ●he words and will of God with the other are mingled most horrible lies and cousenages For though there be many of them learned and godly yet lurke there in corner of the same profession a great number of counterfeits and couseners I. Bodin putteth this difference between divine prophets and inchantors to wit the one saith alwaies true the others words proceeding from the devil are alwaies false or for one truth they tell a hundred lies And then why may not every witch be thought as cunning as Apollo And why not every counter●eit consener as good 〈◊〉 witch as mother Bungie For it is ods but they will hit the truth once in a hundred divinations as well as the best CHAP. V. The diversity of true Prophets of Vrim and of the propheticall use of the twelve precious stones contained therein of the divine voice called Eccho IT should appear that even of holy prophets there were divers sor●● For David and Solomon although in their psalmes and parables are contained most excellent mysteries and notable allegories yet they were not indued with that degree of prophesie that Ely and Elisha were c. For as often as it is said that God spake to David or Solomon it is meant to be done by the prophets For NATHAN or GAD were the Messengers and Prophets to reveale Gods will to David And Ahiam the Silonite was sent from God to Solomon Item the spirit of prophesie which Elias had was doubled upon Elisha Also some prophets prophesied all their lives some had but one vision and some had more according to Gods pleasure yea some prophesied unto the people of such things as came not to passe and that was where Gods wrath was pacifyed by repentance But these prophets were alwaies reputed among the people to be wise and godly whereas the Heathen prophets were evermore known and said to be mad and foolish as it is written both of the prophets of Sibylla and also of Apollo and at this day also in the Indies c. But that any of these extraordinary gifts remain at this day Bodin nor any witchmonger in the world shall never be able to prove though he in his book of devilish madnesse would make men believe it For these were miraculously maintained by God among the Jewes who were instructed by them of all such things as should come to passe or else informed by Urim so as the priests by the brightnesse of the twelve pretious stones contained therein could prognosticate or expound any thing Which brightnesse and vertue ceased as Josephus reporteth two hundred years before he was born So as since that time no answers were
yielded thereby of Gods will and pleasure Neverthelesse the Hebrewes write that there hath been ever since that time a divine voice heard among them which in Latine is called Filia vocis in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in English the Daughter of speech CHAP. VI. Of Prophesies conditionall whereof the Prophesies in the old testament do intreat and by whom they were published witchmongers answers to the objections against witches supernaturall actions CHrist and his Apostles prophesied of the calamities and afflictions which shall greeve and disturb the church of God in this life also of the last day and of the signes and tokens that shall be shewed before that day and finally of all things which are requisite for us to foreknow Howbeit such is the mercy of God that all prophesies threatnings plagues and punishments are annexed to conditions of repentance as on the other side corporall blessings are tied under the condition of the crosse and castigation So as by them the mysteries of our salvation being discovered unto us we are not to seek new signes and miracles but to attend to the doctrine of the Apostles who preached Christ exhibited and crucifyed for our sinnes his resurrection ascension and thereby the redemption of as many as believe c. The prophesies in the old testament treat of the conti●ance the government and the difference of estates of the distinction of the four Monarchies of their order decay and instauration of the changes and ruines of the Kingdomes of Juda Israel Aegypt Persia Graecia c. and specially of the comming of our Saviour Jesus Christ and how he should be borne of a Virgin and where of his Tribe passion resurrection c. These prophesies were published by Gods speciall and peculiar Prophets endued with his particular and excellent gifts according to his promise I will raise them up a Prophet out of the midst of their Brethren I will put my words in his mouth c. Which though it were specially spoken of Christ yet was it also spoken of those particular prophets which were placed among them by God to declare his will which were also figures of Christ the prophet himself Now if prophesie be an extraordinary gift of God and a thing peculiar to himself as witho●● whose special assistance no creature can be a Prophet or shew what is to come why should we believe that those lewd persons can perform by divinations and miracles that which is not in humane but in Divine power to accomplish Howbeit when I deny that witches can ride in the aire and the miraculous circumstance thereof by and by it is objected to me that Enoch and Ely were rapt into the heaven bodily and Abacuck was carryed in the aire to feed Daniel and so falsly oppose a devils or a witches power against the vertue of the Holy Ghost If I ●eride the Poets opinions saying that witches cannot Coelo deducere lunam fetch the moon from heaven c. they tell me that at Joshua's battel the sunne stayed and at the passion of Christ there was palpable darknesse If I deny their cunning in the exposition of dreams advising them to remember Jeremie's counsel not to follow or credit the expositors of dreams they hit me in the teeth with Daniel and Joseph for that the one of them expounded Pharaoh the Persian Kings the other N●buchadn●zzer the Aegyptian Kings dream If I say with Solomon that the dead know nothing and that the dead know us not neither are remooveable out of Abrahams bosome c. they produce the story of Samuel wherein I say they set the power 〈…〉 creature as high as the Creator If I say that these witches cannot transubstantiate themselves nor others into beasts c. they ci●e the story of Nebuchadnezzer as though indeed he were made a ma●e●iall beast and that also by witch-craft and strengthen that their assertion with the fables of Circe and Ulysses his companions c. CHAP. VII What were the miracles expressed in the old Testament and what are they in the new testament and that we are not now to looke for any more miracles THe miracles expressed in the old Testament were many but the end of them all was one though they were divers and differing in shew● as where the sacrifices of Moses Elias and Solomon being abundantly wet were burnt with fire from heaven c. The variety of tongues at the building of Babylon Isaacs birth of Sarah being by nature past children the passage through the red sea Daniels foretelling of the four monarchies in the fourth whereof he apparently foresheweth the coming of the Lord. All these and many other which are expressed in the old testament were merciful instructions and notable miracles to strengthen the faith of Gods people in their Messias If you had gone to Delphos Apollo would have made you beleeve with his amphibological answers that he could have foretold you all these things The miracles wrought by Christ were the raising up of the dead which many would impute to the woman of Endor and also to our witches and conjurors the restoring of the lame to limbs the blinde to sight the dumb to speech and finally the healing of all diseases which many beleeve our witches can do yea and as they themselves will take it upon them As for casting out of devils which was another kind of miracles usual with Christ witches and conjurors are said to be as good thereat as ever he was and yet if you will beleeve Christs words it cannot be so For he saith Every kingdome divided against it selfe shall be brought to nought c. If Satan cast out Satan he is divided c. and his kingdome shall not endure c. Peters chaines fell off in prison so did Richard Gallisies fetters at Windsor marry the prison doores opened not to Richard as they did to Peter Helias by special grace obtained raine our witches can make it raine when they list c. Bu● sithens Christ did these miracles and many more and all to confirme his truth and strengthen our faith and finally for the conversion of the people as appeareth in John 6.7 and 12. insomuch as he vehemently reproved such as upon the sight of them would not beleeve saying Wo be to thee Corazin wo be to thee Bethsaida If the miracles had been done in Tyre and Sidon which have been done in you they had a great while ago repented c. Let us setle and acquiet our faith in Christ and beleeving all his wonderous works let us reject these old wives fables as lying vanities whereof you may finde in the golden legend M. Mal. and specially in Bodin miraculous stuffe enough to checke all the miracles expressed in the old new testament which are of more credit with many bewitched people then the true miracles of Christ himselfe Insomuch as they stand in more awe of the menacies of a witch then of all
them do live in beggery The very skillfullest mathematicians confesse that it is unpossible to find out any certain thing concerning the knowledge of judgements as weal for the innumerable causes which worke together with the heavens being alltogether and one with the other to be considered as also because influencies do not constraine but incline For many ordinary and extraordinary occasions do interrupt them as education custome place honesty birth blood sicknesse health strength weaknesse meate drink liberty of mind learning c. And they that have written the rules of judgement and agree neerest therein being of equal authority and learning publish so contrary opinions upon one thing that it is impossible for an astrologian to pronounce a certainty upon so variable opinions and otherwise upon so uncertain reports no man is able to judge herein So as according to Ptolomy the foreknowledge of things to come by the starres depende●h as well upon the affections of the mind 〈◊〉 upon the obsevation of the planets proceeding rather from chance than art as whereby they deceive others and are deceived themselves ●lso CHAP. XXII The subtilty of astrologers to maintain the credit of their art why they remain in credit certain impieties contained in astrologers assertions IF you marke the cunning ones you shall see them speak darkly of things to come devising by artificiall subtilty doubtfull prognostications ea●●ly to be applyed to every thing time prince and nation and if any thing come to passe according to their divina●ions they fortifie their old ●●ognostiations with new reasons Neverthelesse in the multitu●de and varietie of starres yea even in the very middest of them they 〈◊〉 out some places in a good aspect and some in an ill and take occasion hereupon to say what they list promising unto some men honour long 〈◊〉 wealth victory children marriage friends offices and finally everlasting felicity But if with any they be discontent they say the starre● be not favourable to them and threaten them with hanging drowning beggery sicknesse misfortune c. And if one of these prognostications fall out right then they triumph above measure If the prognosticators be found to forge and ly alwaies without such fortune as the bl●●●man had in killing the crowe they will excuse the matter saying that S●piens dominatur astris whereas according to Agrippas words neither the wiseman ruleth the starres nor the starres the wiseman but God rule them both Corn. Tacitus saith that they are a people disloiall to prince deceiving them that beleeve them And Varro saith that the vanity all superstitions floweth out of the bosome of astrologie And if our 〈◊〉 and fortune depend not on the starres then it is to be granted that the astrologers seek where nothing is to be found But we are so fond 〈◊〉 trustful and credulous that we fear more the fables of Robin good-fellow astrologers and witches and beleeve more the things that are not tha● the things that are And the more unpossible a thing is the more 〈◊〉 stand in feare thereof and the lesse likely to be true the more we beleeved it And if we were not such I think with Cornelius Agrippa that these divinors astrologers conjurors and cosenors would die for hunger And our foolish light beleefe forgetting things past neglecting things present and very hasty to know things to come doth so comfort and maintain these coseners that whereas in other men for making one 〈◊〉 the faith of him that speaketh is so much mistrusted that all the 〈◊〉 being true is not regarded Contrariwise in these cosenages among 〈◊〉 divinors one truth spoken by hap giveth such credit to all their lies 〈◊〉 ever after we beleeve whatsoever they say how incredible impossible 〈◊〉 false soever it be Sir Thomas Moore saith they know not who are in their own chambers neither who maketh themselves cuckoldes that take upon them all this cunning knowledge and great foresight But to 〈◊〉 their credit or rather to manifest their impudency they say the gift of prophesie the force of religion the secrets of conscience the power of ●vils the vertue of miracles the efficacy of prayers the state of the life 〈◊〉 come c. doth onely depend upon the starres and is given and know by them alone For they say that when the signe of Gemini is ascende and Saturne and Mercury be joined in Aquary in the nineth house of the heavens there is a prophet borne and therefore that Christ had so 〈◊〉 vertues because he had in that place Saturne and Gemini Yea these ●●strologers do not stick to say that the starres distribute all sorts of religions wherein Iupiter is the especiall patrone who being joyned 〈◊〉 Saturne maketh the religion of the Jewes with Mercury of the Chr●stians with the Moon of Antichristianity Yea they affirme that the 〈◊〉 of every man may be known to them as well as to God And that Chri●● himself did use the election of houres in his miracles so as the Jews coul● not hurt him whilest he went to Ierusalem and therefore that he said to 〈◊〉 disciples that forbad him to go are there not twelve houres in the day CHAP. XXIII Who have power to drive away devils with their onely presence who shall receive of God whatsoever they aske in prayer who shall obtain everlasting life by meanes of constellations as nativity-casters affirm THey say also that he which hath Mars happily placed in the nineth house of the heavens shall have power to drive awaie devils with his onely presence from them that be possessed And he that shall pray to God when he findeth the Moon and Iupiter joined with the Dragons head in the midst of the heavens shall obtaine whatsoever he asketh and that Iupiter and Saturne do give blessednesse of the life to come But if any in his nativity shall have Saturne happily placed in Leone his soul shall have everlasting life And hereunto subscribe Peter de Appona Roger Bacon Guido Bonatus Arnold de villa nova and the Cardinall of Alia Furthermore the providence of God is denied and the miracles of Christ are diminished when these powers of the heavens and their influencies are in such sort advanced Moses Esay Job and Jeremy seem to dislike and reject it and at Rome in times past it was banished and by Justinian condemned under pain of death Finally Seneca derideth these soothsaying witches in this sort Amongst the Cleones saith he there was a custome that the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which were gazers in the air watching when a storm of hail should fall when they saw by any cloud that the shower was imminent and at hand the use was I say because of the hurt which it might do to their vines c. diligently to warn the people thereof who used not to provide clokes or any such defense aginst it but provided sacrifices the rich cocks and white lambes the poor would spoile themselves by cutting their thombes