greek_n call_v sciographie_n or_o stenography_n four_o and_o last_o geographie_n be_v distinguish_v from_o chorographie_n in_o that_o the_o former_a consider_v chief_o the_o quantity_n measure_n figure_n site_n &_o proportion_n of_o place_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n one_o of_o the_o other_o as_o of_o the_o heaven_n require_v necessary_a help_n of_o the_o science_n mathematical_a chief_o of_o arithmetic_n geometry_n and_o astronomy_n without_o which_o a_o geographer_n will_v show_v himself_o everywhere_a lame_a &_o impotent_a be_v not_o able_a to_o wade_v through_o the_o least_o part_n of_o his_o profession_n whereas_o a_o man_n altogether_o unpractised_a in_o those_o faculty_n may_v obtain_v a_o competent_a knowledge_n in_o chorography_n as_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n some_o altogether_o ignorant_a in_o the_o mathematics_n who_o can_v to_o some_o content_n of_o their_o hearer_n topographical_o and_o historical_o discourse_v of_o country_n as_o they_o have_v read_v of_o in_o book_n or_o observe_v in_o their_o travail_n notwithstanding_o all_o these_o difference_n assign_v by_o ptolemy_n i_o see_v no_o great_a reason_n why_o chorography_n shall_v not_o be_v refer_v to_o geography_n as_o a_o part_n to_o the_o whole_a forasmuch_o as_o the_o object_n on_o which_o he_o have_v ground_v his_o distinction_n differ_v only_o as_o a_o general_a and_o a_o special_a which_o be_v not_o opposite_a but_o subordinate_a as_o the_o logician_n use_v to_o speak_v cânnot_v make_v two_o distinct_a science_n but_o be_v reduce_v to_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_o at_o least_o the_o difference_n thus_o assign_v will_v not_o be_v essential_a but_o accidental_a wherefore_o my_o scope_n in_o this_o treatise_n shall_v be_v to_o join_v they_o both_o together_o in_o the_o same_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o my_o art_n and_o leisure_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o descend_v to_o particular_n which_o be_v in_o chorographie_n almost_o infinite_a will_v not_o all_o seem_v alike_o necessary_a in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o universal_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o name_n of_o geography_n thus_o distinguish_v we_o define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o science_n which_o teach_v the_o measure_n and_o description_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n it_o be_v proper_o term_v a_o science_n because_o it_o propose_v to_o itself_o no_o other_o end_n but_o knowledge_n whereas_o those_o faculty_n be_v common_o term_v art_n which_o be_v not_o content_v with_o a_o bare_a knowledge_n or_o speculation_n but_o be_v direct_v to_o some_o far_a work_n or_o action_n but_o here_o a_o doubt_n seem_v to_o arise_v whether_o this_o science_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v physical_a or_o mathematical_a we_o answer_v that_o in_o a_o science_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v first_o the_o matter_n or_o object_n whereabout_o it_o be_v conversant_a second_o the_o manner_n of_o handle_v and_o explication_n for_o the_o former_a no_o doubt_n can_v be_v make_v but_o that_o the_o object_n in_o geographie_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n physical_a consist_v of_o the_o part_n whereof_o the_o sphere_n be_v compose_v but_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o explication_n it_o be_v not_o pure_a but_o mix_v as_o in_o the_o former_a part_n mathematical_a in_o the_o second_o rather_o historical_a whence_o the_o whole_a science_n may_v be_v alike_o term_v mathematical_a &_o historical_a not_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o subject_n which_o we_o have_v say_v to_o be_v physical_a but_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o explication_n for_o the_o object_n of_o geographie_n as_o we_o have_v intimate_v be_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v consider_v 3_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o as_o it_o be_v a_o element_n out_o of_o which_o mix_a body_n be_v in_o part_n compound_v in_o which_o sense_n it_o appertain_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n who_o office_n be_v to_o treat_v of_o all_o natural_a body_n their_o principle_n and_o propriety_n second_o as_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o heavenly_a motion_n and_o so_o it_o be_v undertake_v by_o astronomer_n three_o according_a to_o its_o spherical_a superficies_n as_o it_o be_v propose_v to_o be_v measure_v or_o describe_v in_o which_o manner_n it_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o geography_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o part_n of_o it_o have_v a_o diverse_a situation_n as_o well_o in_o regard_n one_o of_o another_o as_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o restriction_n although_o agree_v well_o to_o some_o part_n of_o it_o will_v hardly_o square_v with_o all_o the_o rest_n because_o many_o thing_n herein_o be_v handle_v beside_o the_o earth_n natural_a site_n or_o position_n as_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v teach_v for_o which_o cause_n we_o have_v rather_o define_v the_o subject_n of_o geography_n to_o be_v the_o earth_n so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v measure_v and_o describe_v as_o want_v one_o word_n to_o express_v the_o whole_a manner_n of_o consideration_n 2_o geographie_n consist_v of_o 2_o part_n the_o spherical_a and_o topical_a the_o spherical_a part_n be_v that_o which_o teach_v the_o natural_a constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n the_o common_a and_o receive_a division_n of_o this_o science_n among_o geographer_n be_v into_o the_o general_n or_o universal_a part_n and_o the_o special_a which_o division_n i_o dare_v not_o utter_o reject_v be_v strengthen_v with_o the_o authority_n of_o ancient_a and_o approve_a author_n yet_o seem_v it_o more_o apt_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o historical_a part_n then_o to_o the_o whole_a science_n as_o we_o shall_v after_o make_v apparent_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o division_n of_o it_o into_o spherical_a &_o topical_a part_n seem_v to_o be_v prefer_v in_o reason_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n which_o we_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o science_n be_v propose_v to_o we_o under_o a_o twofold_a consideration_n first_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o mathematical_a lineament_n and_o circle_n whereof_o the_o sphere_n be_v imagine_v to_o consist_v out_o of_o which_o we_o collect_v the_o figure_n quantity_n site_n and_o due_a proportion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o its_o part_n second_o of_o the_o place_n historical_o note_v and_o design_v out_o unto_o we_o by_o certain_a name_n mark_n and_o character_n the_o former_a receive_v great_a light_n from_o astronomy_n whence_o some_o have_v call_v it_o the_o astronomical_a part_n the_o late_a from_o philosophy_n and_o historical_a observation_n be_v as_o we_o have_v say_v a_o mix_a science_n take_v part_n of_o diverse_a faculty_n 3_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v a_o globous_a or_o round_a body_n comprehend_v within_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o wateâ—_n some_o have_v nice_o distinguish_v betwixt_o a_o sphere_n &_o a_o orb_n that_o a_o sphere_n be_v a_o round_a massy_a body_n contain_v in_o one_o surface_n which_o be_v convexe_n or_o outward_a as_o a_o bowl_n the_o other_o concave_n or_o hollow_a in_o manner_n of_o a_o eggshell_n empty_v but_o this_o distinction_n seem_v too_o curious_a as_o savour_v to_o much_o of_o scholastical_a subtlety_n because_o the_o name_n of_o orb_n and_o sphere_n be_v many_o time_n promiscuous_o use_v without_o difference_n among_o good_a writer_n this_o sphere_n which_o we_o make_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o science_n we_o call_v terrestrial_a not_o because_o it_o consist_v mere_o of_o earth_n the_o contrary_a of_o which_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o show_v but_o because_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o composition_n whence_o by_o a_o tropical_a kind_n of_o speech_n the_o whole_a globe_n may_v be_v call_v terrestrial_a 4_o the_o handle_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v be_v either_o primary_n or_o secundary_a the_o primary_n consist_v in_o such_o affection_n as_o primary_o agree_v to_o the_o earth_n the_o geographical_a affection_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n either_o simple_o and_o absolute_o in_o themselves_o or_o eomparative_o as_o they_o be_v confer_v and_o compare_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o as_o for_o example_n the_o circle_n of_o the_o sphere_n such_o as_o be_v the_o parallel_n and_o meridian_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o absolute_o in_o themselves_o or_o comparative_o as_o they_o concur_v to_o the_o longitude_n latitude_n distance_n or_o such_o like_a accident_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o comparison_n of_o one_o circle_n with_o another_o 5_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n primary_o consider_v be_v either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a the_o natural_a be_v the_o true_a globe_n in_o itself_o without_o image_n or_o representation_n 6_o herein_o again_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v two_o thing_n first_o the_o principle_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o sphere_n second_o the_o accident_n and_o propriety_n the_o principle_n whereof_o the_o sphere_n be_v compose_v be_v two_o viz_o matter_n and_o form_n 7_o the_o matter_n be_v the_o substance_n whereof_o the_o sphere_n be_v make_v viz_o earth_n and_o water_n my_o
not_o back_v with_o any_o necessary_a demonstration_n for_o it_o prove_v not_o thing_n else_o but_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o all_o earthy_a and_o heavy_a body_n and_o not_o to_o be_v absolute_o place_v in_o the_o exact_a middle_n of_o the_o world_n another_o reason_n not_o much_o unlike_o the_o former_a be_v draw_v by_o some_o from_o a_o final_a cause_n and_o the_o natural_a harmony_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n one_o with_o the_o other_o the_o earth_n say_v they_o be_v of_o all_o other_o body_n the_o most_o vile_a and_o sordid_a therefore_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o nature_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n equal_o distant_a from_o each_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n that_o one_o part_n may_v not_o seem_v to_o complain_v of_o this_o unpleasing_a vicinity_n more_o than_o another_o but_o this_o reason_n take_v as_o grant_v to_o matter_n as_o yet_o not_o decide_v first_o that_o the_o earth_n among_o all_o other_o body_n be_v most_o vile_a and_o sordid_a depend_v on_o the_o ground_n of_o peripatetic_n that_o the_o heavenly_a body_n suffer_v no_o corruption_n a_o thing_n soon_o speak_v then_o prove_v second_o that_o pure_a and_o impure_a body_n the_o most_o excellent_a and_o most_o vile_a in_o nature_n be_v always_o most_o distant_a as_o in_o nature_n so_o in_o place_n which_o be_v a_o peremptory_a assertion_n without_o ground_n a_o three_o reason_n more_o probable_a than_o the_o former_a be_v draw_v from_o the_o apparence_n of_o star_n above_o the_o horizon_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o star_n above_o the_o horizon_n appear_v always_o to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_o magnitude_n and_o quantity_n whether_o in_o the_o vertical_a point_n or_o in_o the_o east_n or_o the_o west_n or_o any_o other_o place_n whence_o we_o may_v collect_v that_o they_o differ_v equal_o in_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o earth_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o world_n for_o if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o that_o the_o star_n in_o some_o place_n shall_v be_v near_o in_o other_o far_a ofâ—_n they_o will_v somewhere_o seem_v great_a otherwhere_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o optic_n this_o reason_n howsoever_o popular_a seem_v to_o admit_v a_o twofold_a exception_n first_o because_o it_o imply_v that_o a_o man_n stand_v on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v equal_o distant_a from_o all_o place_n and_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n whereas_o the_o heaven_n in_o the_o horizon_n be_v far_a distant_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o whole_a semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n interpose_v second_o all_o star_n arise_v in_o the_o east_n or_o set_v in_o the_o west_n ordinary_o seem_v great_a than_o in_o the_o vertical_a point_n by_o reason_n of_o vapour_n ascend_v and_o interpose_v whence_o we_o can_v well_o gather_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n from_o the_o like_a appearance_n of_o the_o star_n when_o experience_n teach_v the_o contrary_a that_o they_o seem_v not_o always_o of_o the_o like_a magnitude_n concern_v the_o first_o we_o answer_v that_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n interpose_v betwixt_o the_o superficies_n and_o centre_n be_v in_o itself_o great_a but_o this_o as_o we_o shall_v prove_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v so_o little_a that_o the_o sense_n can_v gather_v any_o difference_n in_o observation_n of_o the_o star_n but_o that_o they_o shall_v always_o appear_v of_o the_o like_a magnitude_n concern_v the_o second_o we_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v that_o vapour_n ascend_v about_o the_o horizon_n by_o a_o opticall_a refraction_n make_v the_o star_n seem_v great_a than_o other_o wise_a they_o will_v do_v but_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v understand_v in_o this_o sort_n that_o whether_o a_o â—an_v be_v place_v in_o the_o same_o horizon_n where_o the_o sun_n be_v when_o he_o rise_v or_o under_o that_o horizon_n where_o the_o sun_n be_v now_o under_o his_o meridian_n or_o under_o that_o horizon_n where_o he_o be_v set_v he_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_o greatness_n without_o any_o sensible_a difference_n whereas_o therefore_o they_o speak_v of_o the_o appearance_n of_o star_n they_o will_v have_v they_o take_v as_o abstract_v from_o all_o impediment_n of_o sight_n or_o interpose_v vapour_n and_o so_o the_o reason_n may_v obtain_v her_o force_n the_o four_o reason_n why_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n allege_v by_o ptolemy_n and_o other_o be_v this_o wheresoever_o any_o man_n stand_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n six_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n will_v show_v themselves_o and_o the_o other_o six_o sign_n will_v lie_v hide_v and_o by_o consequence_n half_o the_o heaven_n will_v appear_v the_o other_o half_o will_v be_v under_o which_o be_v a_o evident_a reason_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n for_o otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o so_o happen_v the_o former_a be_v confirm_v by_o ptolemy_n alphraganus_n and_o the_o best_a astronomer_n the_o consequence_n may_v be_v infer_v out_o of_o natural_a reason_n this_o argument_n will_v sufficient_o hold_v upon_o this_o supposition_n mention_v before_o and_o to_o be_v prove_v hereafter_o that_o the_o earth_n have_v no_o sensible_a magnitude_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o firmament_n no_o sensible_a difference_n can_v show_v itself_o betwixt_o the_o sensible_a and_o the_o rational_a horizon_n beside_o these_o reason_n which_o make_v the_o matter_n more_o than_o probable_a other_o be_v produce_v by_o ptolemy_n demonstrative_a â—ot_n admit_v any_o evident_a or_o probable_a exception_n or_o evasion_n the_o first_o be_v this_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v place_v out_o of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n it_o must_v have_v of_o necessity_n one_o of_o these_o three_o sites_n or_o position_n either_o it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o equinoctial_a or_o at_o least_o it_o must_v be_v place_v not_o only_o without_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o equinoctial_a but_o without_o the_o axletree_n that_o be_v to_o express_v it_o plain_o it_o must_v either_o be_v place_v beside_o the_o axletree_n yet_o equal_o distant_a from_o both_o the_o pole_n or_o else_o it_o must_v be_v on_o the_o axletree_n and_o so_o consequent_o near_o to_o one_o pole_n then_o the_o other_o or_o three_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v beside_o the_o axletree_n yet_o near_o to_o one_o pole_n then_o another_o if_o the_o first_o position_n be_v admit_v these_o absurdity_n will_v of_o necessity_n follow_v first_o that_o in_o a_o right_a sphere_n there_o will_v happen_v no_o equinoctial_a but_o only_o in_o that_o horizon_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n for_o example_n sake_n â—et_o there_o be_v imagine_v a_o sphere_n bdce_n who_o centre_n be_v a_o let_v the_o equator_fw-la be_v de_fw-fr the_o axletree_n of_o the_o world_n bc_n and_o let_v the_o earth_n be_v in_o f_o the_o right_a horizon_n hg_v not_o pass_v by_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n a_o which_o shall_v be_v parallel_n to_o the_o axis_n bc_n since_o the_o equator_fw-la cut_v the_o horizon_n in_o right_a angle_n it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o not_o only_o the_o equatour_n but_o other_o parallel_n of_o the_o same_o will_v be_v unequal_o divide_v of_o the_o horizon_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o pass_v not_o by_o the_o centre_n or_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n wherefore_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o day_n must_v continual_o be_v unequal_a to_o the_o night_n which_o contradict_v all_o experience_n because_o in_o a_o right_a sphere_n the_o day_n be_v always_o find_v to_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n second_o out_o of_o this_o position_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o no_o man_n in_o a_o right_a sphere_n shall_v behold_v the_o half_a or_o hemisphere_n of_o the_o heaven_n but_o either_o a_o great_a or_o lesser_a part_n as_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v out_o of_o the_o same_o diagramme_n whereas_o sense_n can_v testify_v that_o six_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n be_v always_o conspicuous_a above_o our_o horizon_n and_o the_o other_o six_o always_o hide_v only_o except_v that_o horizon_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n wherein_o the_o mediety_n of_o heaven_n be_v conspicuous_a three_o the_o same_o star_n in_o a_o clear_a air_n shall_v not_o always_o seem_v of_o the_o same_o magnitude_n for_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v place_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a plain_n and_o beside_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n towards_o the_o zenith_n or_o meridian_n the_o star_n which_o be_v in_o the_o meridian_n will_v appear_v great_a than_o in_o the_o east_n or_o west_n because_o they_o be_v near_o but_o if_o it_o be_v place_v near_o the_o nadir_n or_o midnight_n point_n they_o will_v appear_v great_a in_o the_o east_n or_o west_n then_o in_o the_o meridian_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v place_v towards_o
our_o eastern_a wind_n be_v find_v to_o be_v dry_a of_o all_o other_o whereof_o no_o other_o cause_n can_v be_v give_v then_o that_o it_o come_v over_o a_o great_a continent_n of_o land_n lie_v towards_o the_o east_n out_o of_o which_o many_o dry_a and_o earthly_a exhalation_n be_v draw_v so_o the_o western_a wind_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v very_o moist_a because_o it_o pass_v over_o the_o huge_a atlantic_a ocean_n which_o must_v needs_o cast_v forth_o many_o watery_a and_o moist_a vapour_n which_o beget_v rain_n and_o shower_n from_o the_o moisture_n of_o which_o western_a wind_n some_o have_v seek_v out_o a_o answer_n to_o that_o problem_n why_o hunt_v hound_n shall_v not_o send_v nor_o hunt_v so_o well_o the_o wind_n be_v in_o the_o west_n as_o at_o other_o time_n for_o say_v they_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o moisture_n of_o it_o either_o in_o make_v hindrance_n to_o their_o leg_n in_o run_v or_o at_o least_o to_o their_o smell_n be_v very_o thick_a and_o foggy_a in_o this_o western_a wind_n we_o may_v also_o perceive_v much_o cold_a which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o quality_n of_o those_o watery_a vapour_n through_o which_o it_o pass_v which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o water_n be_v natural_o cold_a in_o our_o south_n wind_n we_o shall_v find_v both_o heat_n and_o moisture_n whereof_o the_o former_a arise_v from_o the_o sun_n which_o in_o those_o southern_a region_n near_o the_o equatour_n be_v most_o predominant_a the_o latter_a from_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o place_n because_o before_o it_o approach_v our_o coast_n it_o pass_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n out_o of_o which_o the_o sun_n beget_v abundance_n of_o watery_a vapour_n which_o mix_v themselves_o with_o the_o wind_n final_o the_o northwind_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v cold_a because_o it_o be_v carry_v over_o diverse_a cold_a and_o snowy_a place_n most_o remote_a from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v dry_a because_o it_o pass_v over_o many_o land_n and_o dry_a place_n send_v out_o store_n of_o dry_a exhalation_n as_o also_o because_o the_o sun_n be_v very_o remote_a from_o those_o region_n few_o exhalation_n be_v draw_v up_o which_o may_v infect_v it_o by_o impression_n of_o their_o watery_a quality_n these_o instance_n may_v serve_v to_o prove_v our_o assertion_n that_o meteor_n wherewith_o the_o air_n be_v usual_o charge_v and_o by_o consequence_n their_o quality_n impress_v into_o the_o air_n be_v depend_v from_o the_o earth_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v draw_v either_o direct_o from_o the_o same_o region_n which_o they_o affect_v or_o oblique_o from_o some_o other_o region_n remote_a from_o it_o howsoever_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o air_n depend_v from_o the_o soil_n we_o can_v altogether_o exclude_v the_o heaven_n as_o shall_v be_v teach_v hereafter_o in_o place_n convenient_a chap._n iii_o of_o the_o adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o heaven_n 1_o we_o have_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n speak_v of_o the_o adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o it_o self_n we_o be_v now_o to_o proceed_v to_o such_o accident_n as_o agree_v to_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n 2_o the_o adjunct_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n either_o general_n or_o special_a general_n i_o call_v such_o as_o be_v abstract_v from_o any_o special_a quality_n or_o condition_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o any_o place_n in_o the_o earth_n these_o accident_n concern_v either_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o the_o division_n of_o the_o place_n both_o which_o we_o have_v handle_v in_o our_o spherical_a part_n of_o geography_n the_o special_a be_v such_o as_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n not_o absolute_o but_o respect_v some_o special_a quality_n or_o property_n depend_v on_o such_o situation_n which_o more_o proper_o belong_v to_o this_o part_n for_o the_o unfold_n of_o which_o before_o we_o descend_v to_o particularity_n we_o will_v premise_v this_o one_o general_a theorem_a 1_o place_n according_a to_o their_o diverse_a situation_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v diverse_o affect_v in_o quality_n and_o constitution_n this_o proposition_n need_v no_o proof_n as_o be_v ground_v on_o ordinary_a experience_n for_o who_o find_v not_o betwixt_o the_o north_n and_o the_o south_n a_o manifest_a difference_n of_o heat_n and_o cold_a moisture_n and_o drought_n with_o other_o quality_n thereon_o depend_v as_o well_o in_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o soil_n itself_o as_o the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n only_o three_o point_n will_v here_o require_v a_o exposition_n first_o by_o what_o mean_n and_o instrument_n the_o heaven_n may_v be_v say_v to_o work_v on_o the_o earth_n second_o how_o far_o this_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n on_o the_o earth_n may_v extend_v and_o what_o limit_n it_o may_v suffer_v three_o how_o these_o operation_n be_v distinguish_v one_o from_o the_o other_o concern_v the_o first_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o our_o ordinary_a philosopher_n that_o the_o heaven_n work_n on_o inferior_a body_n by_o three_o instrument_n to_o wit_n light_n motion_n and_o influence_n by_o light_n as_o by_o a_o instrumental_a agent_n it_o engender_v heat_n in_o the_o air_n and_o earth_n not_o that_o the_o light_n be_v in_o a_o sort_n a_o immaterial_a quality_n can_v immediate_o of_o itself_o produce_v heat_n be_v material_a and_o elementary_a but_o by_o attrition_n and_o rarefaction_n whereby_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v make_v thin_a approach_v near_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o fire_n and_o so_o conceive_v heat_n this_o be_v again_o perform_v two_o way_n either_o by_o a_o simple_a or_o compo_fw-it und_v beam_n the_o simple_a ray_n be_v weak_a the_o compound_v infer_v a_o double_n of_o the_o ray_n by_o reflection_n be_v strong_a and_o of_o more_o validity_n in_o the_o operation_n and_o by_o consequence_n so_o much_o the_o more_o copious_a in_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o how_o much_o more_o the_o reflection_n be_v great_a if_o we_o mere_o consider_v it_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n without_o any_o consideration_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o motion_n the_o heaven_n may_v exercise_v their_o operation_n on_o the_o earth_n two_o way_n first_o by_o attenuate_v and_o rarefy_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o air_n next_o adjoin_v turn_v it_o into_o fire_n as_o some_o philosopher_n will_v have_v it_o whence_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o air_n communicate_v in_o this_o affection_n must_v needs_o partake_v some_o degree_n of_o heat_n but_o this_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o conceit_n ground_v only_o upon_o aristotle_n authority_n who_o suppose_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v a_o solid_a compact_a body_n which_o will_v not_o so_o soon_o be_v grant_v of_o many_o more_o modern_a mathematician_n second_o the_o heavenly_a body_n may_v be_v say_v to_o work_v on_o inferior_a thing_n by_o motion_n in_o that_o by_o motion_n they_o be_v diverse_o dispose_v and_o order_v to_o diverse_a aspect_n and_o configuration_n of_o the_o star_n and_o planet_n whereby_o they_o may_v produce_v diverse_a effect_n so_o that_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o heaven_n be_v imagine_v as_o a_o disponent_fw-la cause_n which_o do_v not_o so_o much_o produce_v the_o effect_n themselves_o as_o vary_v the_o operation_n hereon_o be_v ground_v all_o astrology_n as_o that_o which_o out_o of_o diverse_a aspect_n and_o combination_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o sign_n foreshow_v diverse_a event_n the_o three_o instrument_n by_o which_o the_o heaven_n be_v say_v to_o work_v be_v the_o heavenly_a influence_n which_o be_v a_o hide_a and_o secret_a quality_n not_o subject_a to_o sense_n but_o only_o know_v and_o find_v out_o by_o the_o effect_n this_o three_o agent_n be_v by_o some_o question_v will_v hardly_o be_v believe_v but_o that_o a_o necessity_n in_o nature_n constrain_v it_o for_o many_o effect_n be_v find_v in_o inferior_a body_n cause_v by_o the_o heaven_n which_o can_v no_o way_n be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o light_n or_o motion_n as_o for_o example_n the_o production_n of_o metal_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n whereof_o neither_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o can_v challenge_v any_o great_a interest_n in_o the_o light_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o former_a be_v far_o remote_a from_o the_o sunbeam_n the_o other_o cease_v not_o to_o move_v in_o his_o channel_n when_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v both_o under_o the_o earth_n beside_o who_o can_v give_v a_o reason_n of_o the_o excess_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o canicular_a or_o dog-day_n if_o he_o exclude_v this_o influence_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n we_o shall_v find_v
shall_v also_o be_v diminish_v of_o the_o north_n part_n 50_o 11_o the_o magnetical_a variation_n have_v no_o certain_a pole_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n 63_o 12_o the_o point_n of_o variation_n as_o of_o direction_n be_v only_o respective_a not_o attractive_a 65_o 13._o the_o variation_n of_o every_o place_n be_v constant_a not_o variable_a 66_o 14_o the_o variation_n be_v great_a in_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n ibid._n 15_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o latitude_n not_o in_o equality_n of_o degree_n but_o in_o proportion_n 69_o 16_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v cause_v not_o of_o the_o attractive_a but_o of_o the_o disponent_fw-la and_o conuersive_a virtue_n of_o the_o earth_n 70_o 17_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n have_v a_o variation_n 71_o chap._n iv._o of_o the_o total_a motion_n magnetical_a 1_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o her_o magnetical_a vigour_n be_v most_o firm_o seat_v on_o her_o axle_n who_o end_n or_o pole_n respect_v always_o the_o same_o point_n in_o the_o heaven_n without_o alteration_n 72_o 2_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n have_v a_o circular_a motion_n 76_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o site_n stability_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n 99_o 2_o the_o position_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n may_v be_v reconcile_v as_o well_o with_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o apparence_n of_o the_o heaven_n 110_o 3_o the_o earth_n be_v firm_o seat_v and_o settle_v in_o her_o proper_a place_n 115_o 4_o the_o earthly_a globe_n compare_v in_o quantity_n with_o the_o firmament_n &_o supreme_a orb_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v no_o sensible_a magnitude_n 118_o 5_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n compare_v with_o the_o inferior_a orb_n have_v a_o sensible_a magnitude_n 121_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a spheare·_n 1_o a_o circle_n though_o imaginary_a in_o itself_o have_v his_o ground_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 123_o 2_o the_o distinction_n of_o a_o circle_n into_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o part_n have_v no_o certain_a ground_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n but_o only_o in_o conveniency_n 124_o 3_o by_o astronomical_a observation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n 127_o 4_o to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n magnetical_o 129_o 5_o by_o the_o incision_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o meridian_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 131_o 6_o the_o meridian_n be_v find_v to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n 137_o 7_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o meridian_n to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n 138_o 8_o to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n magnetical_o 138_o 9_o the_o equatour_n be_v a_o unmoveable_a circle_n who_o pole_n never_o vary_v from_o the_o fixt-pole_n of_o the_o earth_n 140_o 10_o how_o to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n in_o a_o lesser_a circle_n answerable_a to_o the_o great_a 147_o 11_o the_o sensible_a and_o rational_a horizon_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v much_o different_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o firmament_n all_o one_o 151_o 12_o the_o sensible_a horizon_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o place_n 153_o 13_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v so_o place_v on_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o may_v behold_v the_o whole_a hemisphere_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o yet_o no_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 154_o 14_o from_o the_o horizontall_a circle_n be_v reckon_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o any_o place_n assign_v 155_o 15_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizon_n for_o any_o place_n assign_v 156_o 16_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizontall_a plain_a 157_o 17_o the_o distinction_n of_o orison_n ibid._n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o artificial_a representation_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o of_o the_o part_n whereof_o the_o globe_n be_v geographical_o compound_v 163_o 2_o the_o use_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n be_v to_o express_v the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o have_v a_o diverse_a situation_n as_o well_o one_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o as_o the_o heaven_n 166_o 3_o of_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n ibid._n 4_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o artificial_a plain_a chart._n 168_o 5_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o geographical_a planispheare_n with_o their_o several_a distinction_n 175_o 6_o of_o the_o magnetical_a terrella_n 182_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n 1_o the_o common_a measure_n by_o which_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v know_v be_v mile_n and_o furlong_n 187_o 2_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n 188_o 3_o by_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n or_o observation_n of_o a_o eclipse_n or_o some_o know_a star_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v know_v 189_o 4_o by_o observation_n of_o the_o noone-shadowe_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 190_o 5_o the_o opinion_n of_o cosmographer_n concern_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v diverse_a which_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o their_o error_n in_o observe_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n experimental_o according_a to_o miles_n furlong_n and_o such_o like_a measure_n 192_o 6_o how_o by_o the_o know_a height_n of_o some_o mountain_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 197_o 7_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o plain_a and_o convey_v superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n 198_o 8_o of_o the_o number_n of_o square_a mile_n contain_v in_o the_o earth_n 200_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n 1_o of_o the_o temperate_a and_o untemperate_a zone_n 204_o 2_o the_o tâ—rride_a zone_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o next_o be_v the_o two_o temperate_a the_o cold_a zone_n be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o 207_o 3_o the_o zone_n wherein_o any_o place_n be_v seat_v may_v be_v know_v either_o by_o the_o globe_n or_o geographical_a table_n or_o else_o by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n 208_o 4_o the_o zone_n and_o climate_n agree_v in_o form_n but_o differ_v in_o greatness_n number_n and_o office_n 211_o 5_o the_o iâ—â—ention_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o greatness_n 212_o 6_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o climate_n ibid._n 7_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o climate_n 213_o 8_o of_o the_o diversity_n betwixt_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a geographer_n concern_v the_o place_n and_o number_n of_o the_o climate_n 214_o 9_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o parallel_n for_o each_o place_n 217_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o right_n oblique_a and_o parallel_n sphere_n with_o their_o property_n and_o distinction_n 220_o 2_o of_o the_o amphiâ—cij_n heteroâ—cij_fw-la &_o periscij_fw-la with_o their_o properperty_n 226_o 3_o of_o the_o perioecj_n antoeâ—j_n and_o antipode_n with_o their_o accident_n 228_o 4_o how_o the_o perioecj_n antecj_n and_o antipode_n be_v distinguish_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o celestial_a apparence_n 231_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 1_o place_n enjoy_v the_o same_o longitude_n be_v not_o always_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o first_o meridian_n and_o contrariwise_o 235_o 2_o the_o difference_n of_o longitude_n beget_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n 235_o 3_o of_o the_o lose_n or_o get_v of_o a_o day_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n in_o a_o voyage_n about_o the_o earthly_a globe_n 236_o 4_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n 240_o 5_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o a_o clock_n watch_n or_o hourglass_n 242_o 6_o by_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o moon_n and_o some_o know_a star_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n 243_o 7_o by_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n motion_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n of_o place_n 246_o 8_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 247_o 9_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o latitude_n 249_o 10_o by_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o find_v out_o the_o latitude_n 249_o 11_o by_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o a_o know_a star_n to_o know_v the_o latitude_n 250_o 12_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o latitude_n on_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 252_o 13_o of_o the_o magnetical_a expression_n of_o the_o latitude_n 252_o chap._n xii_o of_o distance_n of_o place_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o 1_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o distance_n in_o longitude_n of_o two_o place_n under_o the_o equatour_n in_o the_o same_o hemisphere_n 254_o 2_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o
other_o a_o less_o and_o yet_o in_o the_o same_o period_n of_o time_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o this_o figure_n follow_v let_v the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a a_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o he_o will_v sensible_o move_v for_o that_o day_n in_o the_o parallel_n ap._n then_o let_v he_o be_v move_v by_o his_o periodicke_a motion_n into_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a b_o it_o will_v for_o that_o moment_n move_v in_o the_o parallel_n ibo._n last_o of_o all_o let_v it_o be_v in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la c._n his_o parallel_n will_v be_v hcl._n it_o be_v manifest_a out_o of_o our_o former_a ground_n that_o he_o will_v be_v move_v slow_a in_o ap._n fast_a in_o io._n fast_o of_o all_o in_o hcl._n which_o swiftness_n and_o slowness_n in_o the_o sun_n motion_n make_v it_o irregular_a some_o have_v think_v to_o salve_v this_o by_o say_v that_o this_o motion_n be_v regular_a because_o in_o equal_a time_n the_o sun_n go_v proportional_a not_o equal_a space_n which_o aguillonius_fw-la hold_v in_o his_o optics_n but_o this_o shift_n be_v frivolous_a because_o it_o take_v not_o away_o the_o objection_n why_o the_o sun_n shall_v move_v fast_o and_o slow_o for_o the_o heaven_n be_v a_o natural_a not_o a_o voluntary_a agent_n and_o according_a to_o these_o ground_n find_v no_o hindrance_n or_o impediment_n must_v always_o work_v to_o his_o utmost_a power_n and_o so_o can_v slack_v or_o increase_v his_o action_n or_o motion_n that_o it_o shall_v move_v fast_o or_o slow_a hitherto_o have_v we_o show_v that_o this_o diurnal_a motion_n can_v without_o some_o absurdity_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o heaven_n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o show_v that_o it_o no_o way_n can_v cross_v the_o natural_a disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o which_o we_o shall_v demonstrate_v in_o this_o manner_n if_o this_o circular_a motion_n shall_v cross_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n it_o will_v happen_v either_o immediate_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o mere_a nature_n which_o the_o logician_n call_v à _fw-la priore_fw-la or_o else_o in_o regard_n of_o certain_a property_n which_o follow_v necessary_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o which_o they_o term_v à _fw-fr posteriori_fw-la if_o they_o say_v it_o happen_v à _fw-la priori_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o mere_a nature_n they_o must_v necessary_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o propriety_n and_o accident_n for_o a_o demonstration_n for_o the_o internal_a form_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o themselves_o insensible_a can_v be_v discover_v unto_o we_o but_o by_o their_o external_a propriety_n but_o if_o probable_a conjecture_n may_v here_o find_v any_o place_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o earth_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o a_o magnetical_a temper_n shall_v not_o challenge_v the_o same_o which_o other_o magnetical_a globe_n far_o great_a than_o the_o earth_n possess_v to_o wit_n a_o circular_a revolution_n about_o her_o own_o pole_n which_o kepler_n and_o galileus_n have_v observe_v aswell_o in_o the_o sun_n as_o jupiter_n and_o in_o like_a matter_n to_o judge_v alike_o seem_v more_o warrantable_a then_o to_o feign_v a_o disparity_n which_o nature_n never_o ground_v or_o observation_n find_v but_o this_o as_o a_o matter_n of_o small_a note_n i_o easy_o pass_v over_o follow_v the_o footstep_n of_o our_o adversary_n which_o seek_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o earth_n stability_n out_o of_o the_o external_a effect_n and_o propriety_n if_o then_o this_o revolution_n contradict_v any_o propriety_n it_o must_v be_v of_o necessity_n either_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o quantity_n and_o magnitude_n or_o else_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o figure_n and_o quality_n or_o of_o some_o motion_n or_o of_o the_o siâ—e_n and_o position_n for_o i_o find_v no_o other_o propriety_n of_o any_o moment_n which_o can_v enter_v into_o this_o consideration_n first_o that_o the_o quantity_n can_v no_o way_n thwart_o this_o circular_a revolution_n be_v manifest_a because_o it_o will_v happen_v either_o in_o that_o it_o be_v too_o great_a or_o too_o little_a it_o can_v be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o greatness_n because_o the_o great_a globe_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o jupiter_n manifold_o great_a than_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o late_a experiment_n of_o the_o trunk-spectacle_n find_v to_o move_v about_o their_o own_o axle_n in_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o time_n the_o like_a have_v other_o deliver_v of_o the_o moâ—nâ—_n and_o venus_n it_o be_v not_o then_o the_o mass_n or_o quantity_n which_o can_v hinder_v it_o in_o the_o earth_n neither_o on_o the_o other_o side_n can_v it_o be_v the_o smallness_n for_o body_n small_a be_v find_v as_o apt_a or_o rather_o apt_a to_o receive_v a_o circular_a motion_n which_o they_o will_v not_o deny_v i_o and_o therefore_o can_v this_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n can_v hinder_v this_o motion_n because_o by_o all_o sound_a philosopher_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v spherical_a it_o can_v but_o be_v deem_v most_o apt_a to_o receive_v revolution_n in_o so_o much_o as_o some_o have_v hence_o labour_v to_o draw_v a_o argument_n for_o the_o earth_n circular_a motion_n as_o deem_v this_o figure_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o earth_n for_o no_o other_o end_n or_o use_v three_o no_o quality_n in_o the_o earth_n can_v resist_v this_o circular_a motion_n for_o this_o quality_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o will_v be_v the_o natural_a heaviness_n or_o weight_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o this_o heaviness_n take_v not_o away_o the_o natural_a revolution_n 1_o because_o gravity_n or_o heaviness_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n return_v to_o their_o natural_a place_n have_v be_v sequester_v from_o it_o but_o these_o part_n have_v once_o regain_v their_o proper_a place_n move_v no_o far_o nor_o be_v in_o those_o place_n esteem_v heavy_a or_o weighty_a whence_o it_o be_v common_o say_v among_o the_o peripatetic_n nihil_fw-la gravitat_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la loco_fw-la nothing_o be_v heavy_a in_o his_o own_o place_n which_o may_v easy_o be_v demonstrate_v out_o of_o staticke_a principle_n whereby_o we_o find_v heaviness_n and_o lightness_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o body_n according_a to_o the_o medium_n and_o their_o massiness_n and_o solidity_n in_o respect_n of_o one_o to_o the_o other_o 2_o if_o this_o heaviness_n be_v oppose_v to_o the_o circular_a motion_n then_o either_o immediate_o by_o itself_o or_o secondary_o by_o some_o concomitant_a accident_n it_o can_v be_v the_o first_o because_o gravity_n be_v a_o quality_n but_o motion_n a_o action_n which_o for_o aught_o my_o philosophy_n have_v teach_v i_o be_v not_o opposite_a if_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o accident_n then_o no_o question_n because_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o lightness_n or_o levity_n which_o seem_v requisite_a to_o such_o a_o motion_n we_o willing_o yield_v this_o natural_a gravity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o stand_v opposite_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o ascent_n or_o move_v upward_o from_o the_o centre_n but_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v not_o any_o way_n contrary_a to_o the_o circular_a motion_n 1_o because_o contrary_n be_v always_o suppose_v to_o be_v in_o eodem_fw-la genere_fw-la in_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o the_o motion_n of_o heavy_a body_n to_o the_o centre_n and_o of_o the_o earth_n about_o the_o centre_n be_v not_o in_o the_o same_o kind_n the_o one_o be_v a_o right_a motion_n the_o other_o circular_a neither_o can_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a mass_n add_v or_o diminish_v any_o thing_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o circular_a motion_n because_o a_o spherical_a and_o a_o right_a motion_n can_v either_o direct_o concur_v or_o direct_o oppose_v one_o the_o other_o 2_o we_o may_v urge_v out_o of_o the_o 4_o chap._n of_o aristotle_n 1_o book_n de_fw-fr calo_n that_o no_o circular_a motion_n can_v admit_v of_o contrariety_n which_o he_o confirm_v by_o a_o demonstration_n which_o we_o forbear_v here_o to_o insert_v be_v loath_a to_o rove_v too_o far_o from_o our_o present_a matter_n at_o length_n we_o will_v prove_v that_o this_o orbicular_a motion_n give_v unto_o the_o earth_n can_v overthrow_v or_o thwart_v any_o other_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o if_o this_o be_v so_o it_o will_v happen_v for_o one_o of_o these_o two_o respect_n either_o because_o the_o earth_n have_v some_o motion_n or_o other_o contrary_n to_o this_o or_o else_o because_o diverse_a motion_n can_v be_v in_o the_o earth_n the_o first_o can_v be_v true_a for_o that_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o because_o the_o right_a motion_n they_o find_v in_o the_o earth_n can_v be_v judge_v contrary_a to_o the_o spherical_a neither_o can_v the_o late_a be_v admit_v as_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n for_o howsoever_o aristotle_n set_v it_o
that_o it_o incline_v no_o more_o on_o the_o one_o side_n then_o on_o the_o other_o but_o lie_v even_o as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n when_o it_o rest_v quiet_a without_o motion_n for_o howsoever_o the_o water_n so_o rest_v as_o we_o have_v former_o demonstrate_v be_v always_o spherical_a yet_o in_o a_o small_a distance_n in_o the_o sensible_a horizon_n it_o may_v to_o sense_n be_v represent_v by_o a_o plain_a 25_o so_o much_o for_o the_o invention_n the_o distinction_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v into_o three_o sort_n for_o either_o it_o be_v a_o right_a horizon_n or_o oblique_a or_o parallel_v 26_o a_o right_a horizon_n be_v that_o which_o with_o the_o equator_fw-la make_v right_a angle_n this_o distinction_n grow_v natural_o out_o of_o the_o respect_n of_o the_o horizon_n to_o the_o equatour_n for_o since_o the_o equatour_n be_v one_o and_o the_o selfsame_o immovable_a circle_n and_o the_o horizon_n be_v mutable_a and_o change_v according_a to_o his_o diverse_a vertical_a point_n they_o can_v always_o keep_v the_o same_o situation_n in_o regard_n one_o of_o the_o other_o this_o they_o have_v reduce_v into_o three_o head_n for_o either_o it_o be_v right_o or_o oblique_a or_o parallel_n the_o right_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o right_a angle_n which_o the_o horizon_n make_v with_o the_o equator_fw-la wherein_o the_o two_o pole_n be_v always_o couch_v in_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o equator_fw-la pass_v direct_o over_o their_o head_n as_o be_v plain_a to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o figure_n here_o affix_v such_o a_o horizon_n have_v these_o inhabitant_n which_o dwell_v direct_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n such_o a_o horizon_n agree_v to_o a_o great_a part_n of_o africa_n to_o a_o part_n of_o peru_n in_o america_n also_o to_o most_o of_o the_o molucco_n land_n the_o land_n of_o taprobana_n and_o s._n thomas_n but_o no_o part_n of_o europe_n be_v subject_a to_o such_o a_o right_a horizon_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o variation_n of_o orison_n be_v the_o natural_a roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o earth_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v spherical_a as_o we_o have_v before_o demonstrate_v it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o the_o site_n of_o the_o pole_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o place_n also_o because_o wheresoever_o we_o be_v place_v on_o the_o earth_n as_o we_o have_v show_v all_o impediment_n of_o the_o sight_n as_o mountain_n and_o valley_n put_v apart_o we_o can_v behold_v the_o hemisphere_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o middle_a part_n be_v set_v down_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o part_n unseen_a by_o the_o horizon_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o either_o both_o the_o pole_n must_v be_v in_o the_o horizon_n and_o so_o make_v a_o right_a sphere_n or_o at_o least_o one_o must_v be_v above_o and_o see_v and_o the_o other_o hide_v from_o the_o sight_n and_o so_o much_o as_o one_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n must_v the_o other_o be_v couch_v under_o it_o for_o otherwise_o we_o shall_v see_v more_o or_o less_o than_o a_o precise_a moiety_n or_o half_a of_o the_o heaven_n since_o the_o pole_n differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o half_a of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n to_o wit_n by_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o world_n 27_o a_o oblique_a horizon_n be_v that_o which_o with_o the_o equator_fw-la make_v oblique_a angle_n those_o inhabitant_n be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o oblique_a horizon_n who_o site_n and_o position_n decline_v somewhat_o from_o the_o equator_fw-la either_o to_o the_o north_n or_o south_n towards_o either_o pole_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o elevate_v so_o high_a as_o 90_o degree_n for_o than_o it_o become_v a_o parallel_n horizon_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o next_o the_o representation_n of_o such_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n may_v be_v see_v in_o this_o diagram_n wherein_o the_o horizon_n cut_v the_o equatour_n at_o oblique_a angle_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v oblique_a clavius_n seem_v to_o add_v another_o reason_n of_o this_o appellation_n to_o wit_n because_o in_o such_o a_o horizon_n one_o pole_n be_v always_o elevate_v above_o and_o the_o other_o hide_v but_o this_o reason_n seem_v too_o general_a as_o that_o which_o agree_v not_o only_o to_o a_o oblique_a but_o also_o to_o a_o parallel_n sphere_n from_o this_o horizon_n by_o johannes_n de_fw-fr sucrobosco_n the_o sphere_n be_v call_v artificial_a because_o as_o clavius_n conjecture_n it_o be_v variable_a and_o do_v natural_o divide_v the_o globe_n for_o whereas_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o right_a sphere_n pass_v by_o either_o pole_n it_o seem_v by_o itself_o as_o it_o be_v naturally_n and_o direct_o to_o divide_v the_o sphere_n and_o this_o division_n be_v no_o way_n variable_a as_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o or_o less_o right_o but_o contrariwise_o in_o the_o oblique_a sphere_n since_o one_o pole_n be_v place_v above_o and_o the_o other_o beneath_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v place_v out_o of_o his_o natural_a site_n and_o position_n moreover_o this_o oblique_a horizon_n be_v variable_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o habitation_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v to_o some_o more_o to_o other_o less_o oblique_a for_o so_o much_o the_o more_o oblique_a must_v it_o be_v by_o how_o much_o the_o near_o it_o be_v place_v to_o the_o pole_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n be_v such_o as_o seat_v betwixt_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o either_o of_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n or_o such_o as_o dwell_v betwixt_o either_o tropic_n and_o the_o polar-circle_n 28_o a_o parallel_n horizon_n be_v that_o which_o lie_v parallel_n to_o the_o equator_fw-la make_v no_o angle_n at_o all_o with_o it_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o horizon_n those_o inhabitant_n be_v say_v to_o have_v which_o be_v include_v betwixt_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o polar_a circle_n who_o horizon_n cut_v not_o the_o equatour_n at_o any_o angle_n at_o all_o either_o right_o or_o oblique_a but_o lie_v parallel_n unto_o it_o as_o we_o see_v in_o this_o figure_n here_o set_v down_o some_o have_v reduce_v this_o kind_n of_o sphere_n to_o a_o oblique_a horizon_n in_o regard_n that_o in_o this_o site_n our_o pole_n be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o other_o depress_v under_o in_o which_o opinion_n clavius_n seem_v to_o second_o johannes_n de_fw-fr sacrobosco_n on_o who_o he_o comment_v but_o this_o be_v ridiculous_a because_o the_o sphere_n be_v call_v right_o or_o oblique_a as_o we_o have_v teach_v from_o the_o angle_n which_o the_o horizon_n make_v with_o the_o equator_fw-la wherefore_o that_o horizon_n which_o make_v no_o angle_n at_o all_o can_v be_v call_v either_o right_a or_o oblique_a but_o be_v necessary_o distinguish_v from_o either_o on_o this_o distinction_n of_o orison_n be_v ground_v the_o division_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o three_o kind_n of_o sphere_n of_o who_o accident_n 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as_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a from_o the_o equatour_n to_o wit_n of_o 23_o degree_n 30_o scrup_n to_o which_o answer_n according_a to_o the_o former_a rule_n 1420_o italian-mile_n the_o invention_n of_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n depend_v from_o the_o subtraction_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a from_o the_o equatour_n that_o be_v from_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v double_v from_o the_o whole_a quadrant_a in_o which_o subduction_n the_o residue_n will_v be_v 43_o to_o which_o will_v answer_v 2580_o italian-mile_n 1_o the_o zone_n wherein_o any_o place_n be_v seat_v may_v be_v know_v either_o by_o the_o globe_n or_o geographical_a table_n or_o else_o by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n by_o the_o globe_n or_o universal_a map_n we_o may_v know_v it_o by_o the_o diligent_a observation_n of_o the_o four_o equidistant_a circle_n for_o if_o we_o
many_o mile_n such_o place_n be_v distant_a one_o from_o the_o other_o for_o a_o example_n we_o will_v take_v the_o city_n seville_a on_o the_o southmost_a part_n of_o spain_n and_o bilbao_n on_o the_o north-side_n the_o space_n betwixt_o those_o place_n be_v take_v with_o a_o thread_n or_o a_o compass_n and_o apply_v to_o one_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n will_v contain_v about_o 6_o degree_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o 60_o and_o so_o convert_v into_o italian-mile_n will_v produce_v 360_o and_o so_o many_o mile_n those_o city_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v distant_a the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n geographie_n the_o second_o book_n contain_v the_o general_a topical_a part_n thereof_o by_o nathanael_n carpenter_n fellow_n of_o exeter_n college_n in_o oxford_n genes_n 1._o vers_fw-la 10._o and_o god_n call_v the_o dry-land_n earth_n and_o the_o gather_v together_o of_o the_o water_n call_v the_o sea_n and_o god_n see_v that_o it_o be_v good_a oxford_z print_v by_o john_n lichfield_n for_o henry_n cripps_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o henry_n curteyne_a anno_fw-la domini_fw-la m._n dc_o xxxv_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a philip_n earl_n of_o mountgomerie_n etc._n etc._n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o steward_z of_o the_o famous_a university_n of_o oxford_n right_o honourable_a this_o geographical_a treatise_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n be_v in_o the_o very_a birth_n in_o such_o sort_n consecrate_v to_o your_o inestimable_a brother_n as_o notwithstanding_o it_o so_o far_o reserve_v itself_o to_o await_v your_o honour_n favour_n that_o both_o may_v seem_v as_o to_o share_v a_o part_n so_o to_o challenge_v the_o whole_a in_o my_o poor_a industry_n the_o soul_n of_o man_n which_o some_o philosopher_n imagine_v to_o be_v all_o in_o all_o &_o all_o in_o every_o part_n seem_v to_o i_o no_o where_o better_o resemble_v then_o in_o your_o generous_a fraternity_n wherein_o the_o soul_n of_o heroical_a magnificence_n though_o individed_a in_o itself_o so_o entire_o communicate_v herself_o to_o either_o that_o both_o may_v seem_v at_o once_o to_o enjoy_v her_o presence_n while_o neither_o want_n if_o this_o my_o bold_a attempt_n in_o present_v to_o your_o honour_n hand_n these_o unworthy_a labour_n without_o any_o former_a reference_n may_v be_v interpret_v intrusion_n it_o be_v enough_o for_o ingenuity_n to_o pretend_v that_o your_o generous_a love_n unto_o our_o poor_a college_n and_o the_o respective_a duty_n wherein_o the_o college_n always_o stand_v oblige_v unto_o your_o honour_n command_v my_o pen_n beyond_o manner_n or_o ability_n your_o affection_n to_o our_o house_n can_v no_o way_n express_v itself_o ample_a than_o by_o trust_v our_o custody_n with_o the_o charge_n of_o your_o choice_a jewel_n d._n a_o gentleman_n of_o that_o towardly_a wit_n and_o sweet_a disposition_n that_o learning_n and_o morality_n common_o repute_v the_o daughter_n of_o time_n seem_v in_o he_o scarce_o behold_v to_o year_n and_o to_o challenge_v a_o precedency_n before_o experience_n in_o so_o much_o that_o our_o ancient_a mother_n mark_v out_o with_o all_o the_o character_n of_o age_n and_o decline_a weakness_n cherish_v in_o her_o bosom_n this_o young_a darling_n seem_v to_o resume_v her_o youthful_a habit_n and_o triumph_v over_o time_n and_o ruin_n this_o happiness_n among_o diverse_a other_o vouchsafe_v by_o your_o honour_n to_o the_o place_n for_o who_o good_a opinion_n the_o best_a part_n of_o my_o endeavour_n stand_v engage_v have_v encourage_v my_o hope_n to_o promise_v i_o your_o indulgent_a acceptance_n of_o this_o slender_a piece_n long_o since_o intend_v and_o devote_a as_o myself_o unto_o your_o service_n in_o which_o confidence_n fear_v any_o long_o to_o trespass_n on_o your_o serious_a and_o high_a employment_n indebt_v to_o your_o king_n and_o country_n i_o humble_o rest_v your_o honour_n in_o all_o duty_n and_o service_n to_o be_v command_v nathanael_n carpenter_n a_o table_n of_o the_o several_a content_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o geography_n according_a to_o the_o special_a theorem_a chap._n i._o of_o topography_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o place_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v everywhere_a habitable_a pag._n 4_o 2_o all_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v suffer_v manifold_a mutation_n and_o change_n as_o well_o in_o name_n as_o nature_n pag._n 6_o 3_o place_n have_v long_o continue_v without_o habitation_n be_v seldom_o so_o healthy_a and_o fit_a for_o dwell_v as_o those_o which_o have_v be_v in_o habit_v 11_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o general_a adjunct_n of_o place_n 1_o the_o manner_n how_o to_o measure_v the_o magnitude_n of_o a_o region_n by_o the_o diameter_n both_o according_a to_o breadth_n and_o length_n 15_o 2_o of_o the_o measure_n of_o a_o country_n by_o the_o circuit_n of_o it_o 17_o 3_o the_o measure_v of_o a_o country_n by_o the_o circuit_n be_v deceitful_a and_o subject_a to_o great_a error_n 17_o 4_o those_o region_n be_v more_o exact_o measure_v which_o partake_v of_o a_o plain_a surface_n 19_o 5_o how_o country_n be_v bound_v 20_o 6_o natural_a bound_n be_v more_o certain_a than_o artificial_a ibid._n 7_o equal_a bound_n contain_v not_o always_o equal_a region_n 21_o 8_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o region_n ibid._n 9_o special_a place_n be_v endow_v with_o special_a temper_n and_o disposition_n 21_o 10_o of_o the_o magnetical_a affection_n of_o a_o place_n as_o variation_n and_o declination_n 26_o 11_o the_o magnetical_a variation_n be_v of_o no_o use_n for_o the_o first_o find_v out_o of_o the_o longitude_n yet_o may_v it_o serve_v to_o good_a purpose_n for_o the_o recognition_n of_o a_o place_n before_o discover_v 27_o 12_o the_o declination_n of_o a_o place_n be_v know_v the_o latitude_n may_v be_v find_v yet_o not_o without_o some_o error_n 29_o 13_o of_o the_o external_a adjunct_n of_o the_o air_n belong_v to_o a_o place_n ibid._n 14_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o air_n adjacent_a to_o a_o place_n depend_v chief_o on_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o soil_n 30_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n 1_o place_n according_a to_o their_o diverse_a situation_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v diverse_o affect_v in_o quality_n and_o constitution_n 34_o 2_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o north_n and_o south_n hemisphere_n 38_o 3_o northern_a and_o southern_a place_n alike_o situate_v general_o enjoy_v a_o like_a disposition_n 39_o 4_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n be_v the_o masculine_a the_o southern_a the_o feminine_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n 40_o 5_o of_o the_o diverse_a section_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n and_o the_o several_a quality_n belong_v to_o they_o 43_o 6_o of_o the_o east_n and_o west_n hemisphere_n 51_o 7_o the_o eastern_a hemisphere_n be_v happy_a than_o the_o other_o 52_o 8_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o east_n and_o west_n can_v work_v any_o difference_n in_o two_o place_n by_o any_o diversity_n of_o the_o heaven_n 53_o 9_o of_o the_o subdivision_n of_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a hemisphere_n 54_o 10_o place_n situate_v towards_o the_o east_n in_o the_o same_o latitude_n be_v better_o than_o those_o place_n towards_o the_o west_n ibid._n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o manner_n of_o expression_n and_o description_n of_o region_n 1_o of_o the_o find_n out_o of_o the_o angle_n of_o position_n by_o some_o dioptricke_a instrument_n at_o two_o or_o more_o station_n 57_o 2_o at_o one_o station_n by_o opticall_a observation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o situation_n of_o one_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o 59_o 3_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o translation_n of_o region_n into_o the_o chart._n 61_o 4_o to_o set_v down_o the_o meridian_n and_o parallel_n in_o a_o particular_a chart._n 62_o 5_o how_o to_o set_v down_o city_n castle_n mountain_n river_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o chart._n 64_o 6_o of_o the_o fabric_n of_o the_o scale_n of_o mile_n in_o the_o chart._n 65_o 7_o the_o use_n of_o the_o scale_n of_o mile_n set_v down_o in_o the_o chart._n ibid._n chap._n v._o of_o hydrography_n and_o the_o absolute_a adjunct_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o figure_n and_o quality_n 1_o although_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o water_n be_v spherical_a yet_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o part_n of_o it_o incline_v to_o a_o conicall_a figure_n 70_o 2_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n not_o by_o nature_n but_o by_o accident_n 75_o 3_o sea_n absolute_o salt_n be_v never_o freeze_v 79_o 4_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v thick_a than_o the_o other_o water_n 80_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o of_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o 82_o 2_o all_o sâ—aâ—_n do_v not_o ebb_v and_o flow_v alike_o nor_o the_o same_o at_o all_o time_n
the_o four_o first_o quality_n of_o heat_n cold_a drought_n and_o moisture_n whereon_o depend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o disposition_n not_o only_o of_o the_o soil_n but_o also_o of_o man_n body_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o one_o ordinary_o borrow_v his_o fruitfulness_n or_o barrenness_n of_o these_o first_o quality_n and_o the_o other_o have_v his_o vital_a organ_n which_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o the_o soul_n much_o affect_v with_o they_o in_o so_o much_o as_o some_o philosopher_n have_v undertake_v to_o define_v all_o the_o difference_n of_o man_n wit_n and_o intellectual_a faculty_n out_o of_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o brain_n according_a to_o these_o four_o accident_n and_o what_o physician_n will_v not_o acknowledge_v all_o these_o quality_n and_o their_o mixture_n to_o challenge_v a_o extraordinary_a pre-eminence_n in_o the_o disposition_n and_o constitution_n of_o man_n body_n who_o mixture_n be_v the_o first_o ground_n of_o health_n or_o sickness_n the_o second_o mean_n whereby_o the_o heaven_n may_v cause_v a_o diversity_n of_o temper_n in_o diverse_a place_n be_v from_o the_o special_a influence_n of_o some_o particular_a star_n and_o constellation_n incident_a to_o particular_a place_n for_o it_o be_v blockish_a to_o imagine_v that_o so_o many_o various_a star_n of_o diverse_a colour_n and_o magnitude_n shall_v be_v set_v in_o the_o firmament_n to_o no_o other_o use_n then_o to_o give_v light_n to_o the_o world_n and_o distinguish_v the_o time_n since_o the_o ordinary_a physician_n can_v easy_o discover_v the_o moon_n influence_n by_o the_o increase_n of_o humour_n in_o man_n body_n and_o the_o experience_n of_o astrologer_n will_v warrant_v much_o more_o by_o their_o observation_n as_o assign_v to_o each_o particular_a aspect_n of_o the_o heaven_n a_o particular_a and_o special_a influence_n and_o operation_n now_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o aspect_n of_o the_o heaven_n can_v point_v out_o and_o design_n all_o place_n alike_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o beam_n wherein_o it_o be_v convey_v be_v somewhere_o perpendicular_o other_o where_o oblique_o dart_v and_o that_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o place_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o neither_o all_o place_n can_v enjoy_v the_o same_o temperament_n nor_o the_o same_o measure_n and_o proportion_n yet_o we_o say_v not_o that_o the_o heavenly_a body_n have_v any_o power_n to_o impose_v a_o necessity_n upon_o the_o will_n and_o disposition_n of_o man_n but_o only_o a_o inclination_n for_o the_o star_n work_v not_o immediate_o on_o the_o intellectual_a part_n or_o mind_n of_o man_n but_o mediate_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o temperament_n and_o material_a organ_n of_o the_o body_n but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v especial_o speak_v hereafter_o where_o god_n will_v shall_v be_v open_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o celestial_a operation_n by_o this_o we_o may_v understand_v how_o far_o the_o heaven_n have_v power_n to_o cause_v a_o diversity_n in_o place_n and_o nation_n the_o second_o reason_n may_v be_v the_o imbred_a quality_n figure_n and_o site_n of_o the_o place_n themselves_o for_o that_o there_o be_v another_o cause_n of_o diversity_n beside_o the_o situation_n of_o place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n may_v easy_o be_v prove_v out_o of_o experience_n for_o we_o find_v that_o place_n situate_v under_o the_o same_o latitude_n partake_v of_o a_o diverse_a and_o opposite_a temper_n and_o disposition_n as_o the_o middle_n of_o spain_n about_o toledo_n which_o be_v very_o hot_a and_o the_o southermost_a bind_v of_o virginia_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v temperate_a betwixt_o both_o all_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v under_o the_o selfsame_o latitude_n or_o very_o near_o without_o any_o sensible_a degree_n of_o difference_n also_o we_o sometime_o find_v place_n more_o southward_o towards_o the_o equatour_n to_o partake_v more_o of_o cold_a than_o such_o as_o be_v more_o northern_a as_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_o be_v perpetual_o cover_v with_o snow_n be_v without_o question_n cold_a than_o england_n although_o they_o lie_v near_o to_o the_o equinoctial_a likewise_o aluares_n report_v that_o he_o see_v ice_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o the_o abyssine_n country_n in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v near_o or_o under_o the_o line_n and_o martin_n frobisher_n relate_v that_o he_o find_v the_o air_n about_o friezland_n more_o cold_a &_o stormy_a about_o 61_o degree_n then_o in_o other_o place_n near_o 70_o degree_n wherefore_o we_o must_v needs_o ascribe_v some_o effect_n and_o operation_n to_o the_o soil_n itself_o first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o superficies_n which_o be_v diverse_o vary_v with_o wood_n rivers_n marsh_n rock_n mountain_n valley_n plain_n whence_o a_o double_a variety_n arise_v first_o of_o the_o four_o first_o quality_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v diverse_o project_v according_a to_o the_o conformity_n of_o the_o place_n second_o of_o meteor_n and_o exhalation_n draw_v up_o from_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o air_n both_o which_o concur_v must_v needs_o cause_v a_o great_a variety_n in_o man_n disposition_n according_a to_o that_o proverb_n athenis_fw-la tenâ—e_fw-la coelum_fw-la thebis_fw-la crassum_fw-la or_o that_o bitter_a taunt_n of_o the_o poet_n on_o boeotian_n boeotum_fw-la in_o crasso_fw-la iurares_fw-la aëre_fw-la natum_fw-la for_o ordinary_a experience_n will_v often_o show_v that_o a_o thin_a and_o sharp_a air_n usual_o produce_v the_o best_a wit_n as_o contrariwise_o gross_a and_o thick_a vapour_n draw_v from_o muddy_a and_o marish_a ground_n thicken_v and_o stupefy_v the_o spirit_n and_o produce_v man_n common_o of_o blockish_a and_o hoggish_a disposition_n and_o nature_n unapt_a for_o learning_n and_o unfit_a for_o civil_a conversation_n second_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v to_o special_a country_n certain_a specifical_a quality_n which_o produce_v a_o certain_a sympathy_n 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physician_n in_o their_o simple_n more_o proper_o term_n virtus_fw-la specifica_fw-la if_o any_o man_n shall_v demand_v why_o country_n far_o from_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v find_v hot_a than_o some_o which_o be_v near_a why_o the_o rhenish_a wine_n grape_n transport_v from_o germany_n into_o spain_n shall_v yield_v we_o the_o sherry_n sack_n every_o ordinary_a philosopher_n which_o have_v travel_v little_a beyond_o aristotle_n materia_fw-la prima_fw-la will_v be_v ready_a to_o hammer_v out_o a_o cause_n as_o ascribe_v the_o former_a to_o the_o height_n or_o depression_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o latter_a to_o the_o excess_n of_o heat_n in_o spain_n above_o that_o of_o germany_n but_o shall_v we_o far_o demand_v 1_o why_o ireland_n with_o some_o other_o region_n endure_v no_o venomous_a thing_n 2_o why_o wheat_n in_o s._n thomas_n island_n shall_v shut_v up_o all_o into_o the_o blade_n and_o never_o bear_v grain_n 3_o why_o in_o the_o same_o island_n no_o fruit_n which_o have_v any_o stone_n in_o
it_o great_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o solstice_n the_o reflection_n be_v great_a approach_a near_o to_o right_v angle_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o earth_n we_o shall_v find_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o why_o the_o heat_n shall_v be_v more_o predominant_a at_o this_o time_n then_o another_o then_o must_v we_o of_o necessity_n ascribe_v it_o to_o a_o special_a influence_n of_o the_o dogstar_n be_v in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o sun_n many_o other_o instance_n may_v be_v here_o produce_v but_o i_o hold_v it_o needless_a be_v a_o matter_n consent_v to_o among_o most_o philosopher_n the_o second_o point_n concern_v the_o extent_n and_o limitation_n of_o this_o operation_n in_o inferior_a body_n for_o unfold_n of_o which_o point_n we_o must_v know_v that_o this_o operation_n may_v have_v respect_n either_o to_o the_o element_n of_o earth_n and_o aire_n or_o else_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n reside_v on_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n upon_o the_o elementary_a 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be_v absolute_o free_a not_o subject_a to_o any_o natural_a necessity_n or_o external_a coaction_n yet_o can_v we_o not_o deny_v a_o certain_a inclination_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o man_n be_v too_o much_o indulgent_a unto_o the_o body_n by_o who_o motion_n it_o be_v rather_o persuade_v then_o command_v the_o three_o point_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n be_v to_o show_v how_o many_o way_n the_o heaven_n by_o their_o operation_n can_v affect_v and_o dispose_v a_o place_n on_o the_o earth_n here_o we_o must_v note_v that_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v twofold_a either_o ordinary_a or_o extraordinary_a the_o ordinary_a be_v again_o twofold_a either_o variable_a or_o inuariable_a the_o variable_a i_o call_v that_o which_o be_v vary_a according_a to_o the_o season_n as_o when_o the_o sun_n by_o his_o increase_n or_o decrease_v of_o heat_n produce_v summer_n or_o winter_n spring_n or_o autumn_n which_o operation_n depend_v from_o the_o motion_n 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of_o planet_n particular_o affect_v some_o special_a place_n whence_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v probable_o show_v why_o some_o place_n shall_v some_o â—eeres_n prove_v extraordinary_a fruitful_a other_o time_n degenerate_a again_o to_o barrenness_n or_o why_o it_o shall_v sometime_o be_v molest_v with_o too_o much_o drought_n and_o other_o time_n with_o too_o much_o moisture_n to_o let_v pass_v the_o other_o consideration_n as_o more_o appertain_v to_o a_o astrologer_n than_o a_o geographer_n we_o will_v here_o only_o fasten_v on_o the_o inuariable_a operation_n of_o the_o heaven_n on_o earthly_a place_n and_o search_v how_o far_o forth_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v vary_v in_o their_o temper_n &_o quality_n according_a to_o their_o diverse_a situation_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n take_v only_a notice_n of_o the_o diurnal_a and_o ordinary_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o course_n herein_o shall_v we_o find_v no_o small_a variety_n not_o only_o in_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n but_o also_o in_o the_o disposition_n and_o complexion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n both_o which_o we_o shall_v more_o special_o declare_v the_o former_a in_o this_o chapter_n the_o other_o in_o due_a place_n wherein_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o material_a constitution_n and_o manner_n of_o diverse_a nation_n 2_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n a_o place_n may_v be_v divide_v two_o way_n first_o into_o the_o north_n and_o south_n second_o into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n 3_o any_o place_n be_v say_v to_o be_v northern_a which_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o arctic_a pole_n southern_a betwixt_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o antarcticke-pole_n the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o we_o have_v former_o teach_v be_v divide_v by_o the_o equatour_n into_o two_o hemisphere_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v northern_a lie_v towards_o the_o northern_a or_o arctic_a pole_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o other_o pole_n be_v call_v the_o southern_a but_o here_o to_o clear_v all_o doubt_n we_o must_v understand_v that_o a_o place_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v northern_a or_o southern_a two_o manner_n of_o way_n either_o absolute_o or_o respective_o absolute_o northern_a and_o southern_a place_n be_v term_v when_o they_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o northern_a or_o southern_a hemisphere_n as_o we_o have_v teach_v in_o this_o definition_n but_o such_o as_o be_v respective_o northern_a may_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o region_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v situate_a near_o the_o pole_n the_o other_o near_a the_o equatour_n in_o the_o first_o place_n here_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v a_o place_n as_o it_o be_v absolute_o take_v to_o be_v either_o north_n or_o south_n concern_v which_o we_o will_v particular_o note_v these_o two_o theorem_n 1_o northern_a and_o southern_a place_n alike_o situate_a general_o enjoy_v a_o like_a disposition_n we_o have_v former_o grant_v to_o
every_o region_n or_o country_n a_o special_a quality_n or_o temper_n although_o lie_v or_o situate_a under_o the_o same_o latitude_n but_o here_o exclude_v all_o concurrent_a cause_n which_o may_v vary_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o soil_n we_o consider_v the_o disposition_n of_o a_o place_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o heavenly_a influence_n oâ—_n operation_n in_o which_o sense_n we_o can_v deny_v to_o a_o place_n of_o like_a 〈◊〉_d a_o like_a nature_n for_o as_o philosopher_n use_v to_o speak_v simile_n qua_fw-la simile_n semper_fw-la aptum_fw-la natum_fw-la est_fw-la simile_n producere_fw-la like_a cause_n always_o produce_v like_o effect_n so_o the_o heaven_n in_o like_a distance_n be_v dispose_v alike_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o light_a as_o influence_n can_v but_o affect_v â—hose_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o selfsame_o manner_n for_o the_o instrument_n by_o which_o the_o heaven_n work_n on_o inferior_a body_n as_o we_o have_v show_v be_v light_a and_o influenceâ—_n for_o both_o the_o light_n and_o influence_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o in_o place_n of_o equal_a latitude_n and_o respect_n to_o the_o equatour_n it_o be_v cast_v equal_o both_o the_o one_o and_o â—he_v other_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v carry_v in_o direct_a lâ—â—es_n of_o 〈◊〉_d which_o with_o the_o horizon_n make_v like_o angle_n now_o that_o the_o validity_n or_o weakness_n of_o the_o operative_a ray_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o right_n or_o oblique_a incidency_n make_v right_a or_o oblique_a angle_n no_o mathematician_n will_v gain_v say_v but_o here_o we_o must_v note_v by_o the_o way_n that_o we_o only_o consider_v the_o heaven_n aâ—â—ording_v to_o his_o general_a infâ—â—ence_n or_o operation_n depend_v chief_o on_o the_o sun_n not_o of_o the_o special_a operation_n of_o special_a star_n for_o it_o may_v be_v some_o particular_a constellation_n in_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n may_v be_v endow_v with_o some_o special_a influence_n which_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o southern_a or_o the_o south_n in_o this_o kind_n go_v beyond_o the_o north._n but_o this_o kind_n of_o influence_n be_v rare_a and_o hard_a to_o fond_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a mixture_n of_o diverse_a constellation_n in_o their_o operation_n in_o the_o same_o subject_n and_o howsoever_o it_o be_v well_o know_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o notable_a to_o take_v place_n before_o this_o common_a rule_n which_o we_o shall_v find_v to_o take_v place_n if_o not_o exact_o yet_o common_o throughout_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a sphere_n thus_o bodin_n show_v a_o great_a likeness_n betwixt_o the_o high_a germany_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o pantagones_n in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o america_n out_o of_o the_o great_a stature_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o must_v needs_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v situate_a very_o near_o under_o the_o same_o parallel_n the_o like_a correspondency_n have_v we_o note_v betwixt_o guinea_n in_o africa_n and_o that_o part_n as_o it_o be_v think_v of_o the_o south_n continent_n which_o they_o have_v for_o this_o cause_n term_v nova_fw-la guinea_n many_o more_o parallel_n in_o this_o kind_n may_v be_v find_v out_o but_o these_o may_v suffice_v in_o so_o evident_a a_o matter_n 2_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n be_v the_o masculine_a the_o southern_a the_o feminine_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o have_v be_v a_o usual_a kind_n of_o speech_n among_o man_n to_o term_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v strong_a worthy_a or_o great_a masculine_a on_o the_o contrary_a side_n such_o thing_n feminine_a as_o be_v find_v deficient_a and_o want_v in_o these_o perfection_n by_o which_o kind_n of_o metaphor_n take_v from_o the_o sex_n in_o live_a creature_n they_o have_v ascribe_v to_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n a_o masculine_a temper_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o southern_a which_o come_v faâ—re_v short_a of_o it_o for_o howsoever_o no_o cause_n can_v be_v show_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o be_v teach_v in_o our_o former_a proposition_n except_o by_o some_o special_a constellation_n of_o the_o south_n which_o be_v full_a of_o uncertainty_n and_o as_o soon_o deny_v as_o affirm_v yet_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v by_o some_o hide_a property_n of_o the_o place_n themselves_o or_o at_o least_o some_o casual_a accident_n or_o other_o thaâ—_n these_o two_o hemisphere_n suffer_v a_o great_a and_o notable_a disparity_n for_o against_o the_o large_a and_o fertile_a territory_n of_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n contain_v in_o it_o whole_o europe_n and_o asia_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o america_n and_o africa_n we_o shall_v find_v beside_o some_o few_o scatter_a land_n only_a three_o continent_n to_o oppose_v to_o wit_n a_o small_a part_n of_o africa_n the_o great_a part_n of_o america_n perâ—ana_n contain_v in_o it_o peru_n brasile_n and_o the_o region_n of_o the_o pâ—ntagâ—nâ—s_n aâ—d_v the_o south_n continent_n call_v tâ—rra_n 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america_n mexicana_n lie_v on_o this_o side_n the_o equiâ—oâ—tiall_a â—â—rclâ—_n for_o other_o commodity_n as_o cattle_n fruitâ—_n herbage_n spiâ—eâ—_n gummâ—â—_n and_o other_o medicinable_a root_n and_o mineral_n less_o question_n can_v be_v make_v as_o be_v far_o inferior_a to_o europe_n asia_n mexicana_n and_o other_o region_n include_v within_o ouâ—_n northern_a partition_n of_o the_o three_o and_o great_a which_o be_v the_o south_n continent_n no_o conjecture_n can_v be_v well_o ground_v be_v in_o â—_o manner_n all_o undiscovered_a except_o some_o small_a quillet_n on_o the_o border_n of_o it_o by_o which_o if_o we_o may_v judge_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o shall_v almost_o give_v the_o same_o judgement_n as_o of_o the_o other_o the_o want_n of_o discovery_n in_o this_o age_n of_o we_o wherein_o navigation_n â—â—th_v be_v perfect_v and_o cherish_v be_v no_o small_a argument_n 〈…〉_z inferior_a in_o commodity_n to_o other_o place_n neither_o have_v â—he_n â—lacknesse_n of_o the_o spaniard_n giveâ—_n that_o occasion_n of_o complaint_n to_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr quiâ—_n the_o late_a discoverer_n of_o some_o of_o these_o part_n have_v not_o the_o spanish_a king_n think_v such_o a_o expedition_n either_o altogether_o fruitless_a or_o to_o little_a purpose_n for_o who_o know_v not_o the_o spâ—niard_n to_o be_v â—_o nâ—tion_n â—s_n covetous_a of_o richesse_n as_o ambitious_a to_o pursue_v 〈◊〉_d sovereignty_n as_o such_o who_o will_v more_o willing_o expoâ—â—_n the_o life_n of_o their_o own_o subject_n then_o loose_a the_o least_o title_n over_o other_o country_n this_o may_v be_v a_o probable_a argument_n that_o thâ—s_v continent_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o so_o well_o smile_v on_o the_o ambition_n of_o this_o proud_a nation_n as_o some_o other_o â—_z for_o political_a and_o martial_a affair_n how_o far_o short_a iâ—_n conâ—â—s_v of_o our_o northern_a hemisphere_n i_o shall_v speak_v in_o due_a place_n where_o i_o shall_v handle_v the_o 〈◊〉_d disposition_n of_o diverse_a inhabitant_n according_a to_o their_o situation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n be_v very_o difficult_a to_o seekâ—_n a_o reason_n in_o some_o particular_a consteâ—â—ation_n and_o 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o heaven_n or_o some_o special_a disposition_n of_o the_o soyâ—â—_n be_v too_o general_a to_o give_v satisfaction_n and_o too_o uncertain_a to_o enforce_v credulity_n yet_o put_v these_o aside_o i_o can_v only_o guess_v at_o two_o reason_n which_o be_v accidental_a yet_o strengthen_v with_o good_a probability_n the_o first_o and_o great_a be_v that_o bitter_a curse_n casâ—_n on_o chaâ—_n and_o his_o posterity_n by_o his_o father_n noah_n which_o no_o doubt_n be_v second_v by_o god_n dipleasure_n take_v place_n in_o his_o habitation_n thâ—â—_n all_o these_o nation_n spring_v from_o cham_n â—_o darenot_v not_o confident_o avouch_v yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v probable_a they_o be_v of_o this_o race_n for_o the_o african_n it_o be_v out_o of_o â—_z as_o warrant_a by_o the_o
holy_a scripture_n and_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a â—hat_n many_o of_o those_o 〈◊〉_d people_n fetch_v their_o first_o original_n from_o they_o the_o second_a cause_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o industry_n and_o labour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o tillage_n and_o manure_v of_o the_o ground_n wherein_o the_o southern_a inhabitant_n have_v be_v more_o deficient_a foâ—_n it_o be_v certain_a out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o noah_n ark_n wherein_o be_v thâ—_n seminary_n of_o mankind_n and_o almost_o all_o other_o liuâ—â—g_v 〈◊〉_d rest_v in_o â—he_n northern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n whence_o both_o man_n and_o beast_n begin_v to_o be_v propagate_v towards_o the_o southâ—punc_fw-la no_o far_o than_o necessity_n enforce_v the_o region_n inhabit_v gâ—â—wing_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o populous_a and_o as_o iâ—_n be_v groan_v to_o be_v deliver_v oâ—_n some_o of_o her_o child_n hence_o may_v be_v infer_v too_o consecâ—aries_n first_o that_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n be_v 〈◊〉_d soon_o and_o be_v now_o therefore_o â—ore_o populous_a than_o the_o southern_a second_o that_o the_o chief_a and_o principal_a man_n which_o be_v best_a seat_v rathâ—r_n choose_v to_o keep_v their_o ancient_a habitation_n send_v such_o abroad_o who_o can_v either_o be_v best_a spare_v or_o have_v the_o small_a possession_n at_o home_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o they_o retain_v with_o they_o a_o sufficient_a company_n and_o more_o than_o go_v away_o out_o of_o which_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o northern_a half_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v best_o inhabit_v shall_v be_v best_o manure_v and_o culture_v from_o whence_o the_o ground_n must_v in_o time_n prove_v more_o fruitful_a and_o commodious_a for_o habitation_n for_o as_o a_o fruitful_a country_n for_o want_n of_o the_o due_a manure_a and_o tillage_n do_v degenerate_a and_o wax_v barren_a so_o diverse_a barren_a and_o sterile_a country_n have_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o 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former_a lie_v towards_o the_o equatour_n the_o second_o towards_o the_o pole_n the_o three_o betwixt_o both_o the_o ancient_a cosmographer_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o our_o former_a treatise_n divide_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o five_o zone_n which_o they_o suppose_v have_v also_o proportional_o divide_v the_o temper_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o heat_n and_o cold_a shall_v in_o rease_n or_o diminish_v which_o rule_n of_o they_o have_v be_v very_o certain_a be_v there_o no_o other_o cause_n concurrent_a in_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o air_n but_o only_o the_o heaven_n but_o since_o that_o many_o other_o concurrent_a cause_n as_o we_o have_v show_v mix_v themselves_o with_o these_o celestial_a operation_n and_o the_o experiment_n of_o navigatour_n have_v find_v out_o a_o disproportion_n in_o the_o quality_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o distance_n some_o late_a writer_n have_v seek_v out_o a_o new_a pertition_n more_o consonant_a to_o natural_a experience_n the_o whole_a latitude_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n consist_v of_o 90_o degree_n from_o the_o equatour_n to_o the_o pole_n they_o have_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n allow_v 30_o degree_n towards_o the_o equatour_n to_o heat_n 30_o degree_n towards_o the_o pole_n to_o cold_a and_o the_o other_o 30_o degree_n lie_v betwixt_o both_o to_o temperature_n these_o 30_o degree_n for_o imagination_n sake_n they_o have_v subdivide_v again_o each_o of_o they_o into_o two_o part_n contain_v 15_o degree_n a_o piece_n more_o particular_o to_o design_n out_o the_o special_a disposition_n of_o each_o region_n lie_v either_o northward_o or_o southward_o from_o the_o equatour_n which_o be_v the_o bind_v betwixt_o both_o hemisphere_n in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o 30_o degree_n lie_v northward_o from_o the_o equatour_n we_o comprehend_v in_o africa_n numidia_n nigritarum_fw-la regio_fw-la lybia_n guinia_n nubia_n egypt_n ethiopia_n superior_a in_o asia_n arabia_n india_n insulae_fw-la philippinae_fw-la in_o america_n nova_fw-la hispania_n hispaniola_n cuba_n with_o other_o part_n of_o america_n mexicana_n in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n of_o latitude_n to_o the_o pole_n we_o comprehend_v in_o europe_n groenland_n island_n friesland_n norwey_n suethland_n for_o the_o most_o part_n nova_fw-la zembla_n in_o asia_n a_o great_a part_n of_o scythia_n orientalis_n in_o america_n anian_n quivira_n with_o diverse_a other_o part_n of_o the_o north_n of_o america_n mexicana_n in_o the_o middle_n betwixt_o both_o betwixt_o 30_o and_o 60_o degree_n of_o latitude_n we_o comprehend_v in_o africa_n barbary_n in_o europe_n all_o the_o kingdom_n except_o those_o north_n province_n before_o name_v and_o almost_o all_o asia_n except_o some_o place_n towards_o the_o south_n as_o arabia_n india_n and_o the_o philippinae_fw-la insulae_fw-la former_o place_v in_o the_o first_o section_n in_o like_a manner_n may_v we_o divide_v the_o southern_a hemisphere_n into_o three_o section_n in_o the_o first_o from_o the_o equatour_n 30_o degree_n we_o place_v in_o africa_n congo_n monomotapa_n madagascar_n in_o the_o southern_a tract_n beach_n and_o nova_fw-la guinia_n with_o many_o land_n thereunto_o adjoin_v as_o many_o of_o the_o philippinae_fw-la insulae_fw-la with_o insulae_fw-la solomonis_fw-la in_o america_n peru_n tisnada_n brasilia_n with_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o region_n which_o they_o call_v america_n peruana_n in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n to_o the_o antarctike_a pole_n be_v couch_v the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o great_a land_n scarce_o yet_o discover_v call_v terra_fw-la australis_fw-la incognita_fw-la in_o the_o middle_a region_n betwixt_o both_o from_o 30_o to_o 60_o degree_n shall_v we_o find_v place_v in_o america_n the_o region_n of_o the_o pantagones_n in_o the_o southern_a continent_n maletur_fw-la javaminor_fw-la with_o many_o other_o in_o discover_v the_o quality_n of_o these_o several_a section_n or_o partition_n of_o the_o earth_n our_o chief_a discourse_n must_v be_v address_v to_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n as_o that_o be_v more_o discover_v and_o know_v among_o old_a and_o new_a writer_n by_o which_o according_a to_o the_o former_a proposition_n one_o may_v parallel_v the_o other_o concern_v which_o we_o will_v infer_v these_o proposition_n 1_o in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n the_o first_o 15_o degree_n from_o the_o equatour_n be_v find_v somewhat_o temperate_a the_o other_o 15_o about_o the_o tropic_n exceed_v hot._n that_o the_o region_n lie_v under_o the_o equatour_n be_v temperate_o hot_a contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n almost_o of_o all_o the_o ancient_n have_v be_v in_o part_n prove_v heretofore_o as_o well_o by_o reason_n as_o experiment_n for_o that_o all_o place_n by_o how_o much_o the_o near_o they_o approach_v the_o equatour_n by_o so_o much_o more_o shall_v be_v hot_a as_o some_o imagine_v diverse_a instance_n will_v contradict_v it_o be_v report_v by_o aluarez_n that_o the_o abyssine_a ambassador_n arrive_v at_o lisbon_n in_o portugal_n be_v there_o almost_o choke_v with_o extreme_a heat_n also_o pâ—rguer_n the_o german_n relate_v that_o he_o have_v feel_v the_o weather_n more_o hot_a about_o dantzicke_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n then_o at_o tholouse_n in_o a_o â—eruent_a summer_n the_o cause_n which_o we_o have_v before_o touch_v be_v chief_o two_o the_o first_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v high_a in_o this_o orb_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o under_o the_o equatour_n and_o move_v more_o swift_o from_o they_o spend_v on_o they_o only_o twelve_o hour_n whence_o so_o great_a a_o impression_n of_o heat_n can_v be_v make_v as_o in_o other_o place_n for_o heat_n be_v a_o material_a quality_n must_v necessary_o require_v some_o latitude_n of_o time_n to_o be_v impress_v into_o the_o air_n or_o any_o other_o subject_n from_o the_o diminution_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o region_n must_v the_o air_n need_v receive_v into_o
scaliger_n who_o will_v not_o have_v a_o ship_n to_o pass_v it_o under_o three_o month_n out_o of_o which_o he_o labour_v to_o prove_v this_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n because_o the_o ship_n be_v long_o a_o go_v then_o return_v the_o second_o experiment_n he_o take_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o one_o john_n eupolius_fw-la who_o will_v to_o pass_v from_o the_o port_n of_o s._n blasiâ—â—_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n in_o africa_n to_o melinde_v towards_o the_o indies_n can_v not_o go_v forward_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o current_n as_o they_o call_v they_o drive_v they_o back_o from_o melinde_a to_o pate_n a_o town_n by_o this_o side_n of_o the_o indies_n whence_o he_o will_v conclude_v that_o the_o water_n shall_v in_o this_o place_n rather_o run_v from_o west_n to_o east_n towards_o the_o indies_n the_o three_o experiment_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o thomas_n lope_n who_o when_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v from_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n towards_o the_o indies_n testify_v that_o the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n be_v so_o violent_a that_o it_o oftentimes_o leap_v into_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o ship_n the_o four_o be_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o johannes_n guietanus_fw-la who_o put_v forth_o from_o tidor_n come_v into_o spain_n before_o the_o sixteen_o month_n this_o journey_n from_o tidor_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n contain_v 55_o league_n which_o make_v 1650_o mile_n from_o this_o to_o the_o island_n of_o s._n helena_n by_o the_o relation_n of_o another_o pilot_n be_v 1400_o mile_n from_o whence_o to_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n be_v 1600_o mile_n from_o hence_o to_o spain_n by_o the_o computation_n of_o degree_n be_v not_o above_o 1520_o mile_n of_o all_o which_o the_o sum_n be_v 7114._o now_o if_o we_o take_v out_o of_o sixteen_o month_n 49_o day_n wherein_o the_o ship_n against_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n be_v carry_v hither_o and_o thither_o which_o the_o mariner_n call_v voltegiairâ—_n and_o 70_o other_o day_n wherein_o it_o stand_v still_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o guinea_n in_o melacia_n there_o will_v remain_v a_o whole_a year_n spend_v in_o this_o journey_n which_o day_n if_o we_o divide_v by_o those_o 7114_o mile_n there_o will_v be_v allot_v to_o every_o day_n no_o more_o than_o 19_o mile_n which_o evident_o show_v that_o this_o journey_n be_v most_o short_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o navigation_n for_o if_o the_o ocean_n shall_v drive_v his_o current_n to_o st_n hâ—lâ—na_n even_o to_o the_o west_n they_o have_v end_v their_o journey_n in_o a_o far_o lesser_a time_n because_o those_o current_n as_o they_o say_v carry_v the_o ship_n but_o this_o journey_n be_v accomplish_v very_o slow_o wherefore_o the_o current_n be_v not_o carry_v from_o east_n to_o west_n aâ—_n sâ—aliger_n relate_v likewise_o from_o sundry_a other_o experiment_n he_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o constant_o can_v be_v observe_v to_o flow_v from_o north_n to_o south_n 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