the boulder illustraete the operatione of his arte and give iudgement ther of vvithout anye scoffe or checke and be able to give a true reporte vvhen that by the aucthoritye of some learnede chyrurgiane or by the aucthorytye of some Potentate he shal be therin imployede ordayned to reporte his opinione ether of the vvounded persons life ordeath haultnes or criplenes Even as alsoe the foresayed Hippocrates sayeth in his Porrhet that the Chirurgiane must ende voure him selfe to have a vvise grave gesture Hippocratesin his Porrhet because that if it soe chaunce as he adiudged it shoulde he might reape honoure goodvvil not onlye of the patient but alsoo of all the circumstants and behoulders Contrarilye if that othervvyse it happened or chaunced then he sayed and iudged it shoulde and that his iudgemente fayle him he shal not onlye of all mē be hated but alsoe be esteemed as an ignorant sottishe fellovve Beyonde all this Galenus sayeth and testifyeth vnto vs that by our vpright and sincere iudgement by the frendes Kindrede of the patiēte althoughe he come to dye vve shal be liberated freede from all badde reportes sclaunders because that throughe the death vvhich consequentlye follovved nothinge shal be alleagede agaynst vs. What a Chyrurgiane ought to knovve in giving iudgemēt And for the givinge of such a perfect and complete iudgement it is necessarye for the chyrurgiane not to be ignorāt vvhich partes of the bodye beinge vvounded easylye or difficultlye may be cured vvhich of thē are praesent death and in fine the tokens hovv to knovve vvhat partes are vvounded or hurte because that out of ther natures quallityes dispositiōs vve may certaynlye hope or mistruste of theire health and safetye Such iudgemente therfore ought to be taken out of the verye beinge and substance or essence of the vvoūded parte alsoe of the vse the actione and situatione of the same there must alsoe be noted the proportione and figure of the same vvounde and the accidentes or other chaunces vvhich are incident vnto her consideringe alsoe the complexione and temperature of the bodye the sexe the age on his handelinge and trafiqve māner of livinge the contrye the constitutione of the time then praesent and one the time and season of the yeare All greate vyoundes are dangerous To conclude all men that have receaved a greate vvoūde are ether in daunger of death or in daunger of beinge mutilate VVe eesteme and accounte the vvounde to be large for thre occasions A great vvounde is taken three māner of vvayes The firste vvherof is because that through her latitude or vvidnesse circumiacente places shee hath a threefoulde survayinge and measuringe to vvit in length brédthe and debthe as some there are vvhich be deepe broadlye carvede or right overthvvarte or crosse vvyse vvholye percīge throughe the principalle muscles of anye parte by the vvhich alsoe somtimes the bones are hevved cutte quite through broken vvherfore some times they must be stitchte bound and ligated together or because that the vaynes the arteryes or the sinneus themselves come to be squised and plettered The secōde cōcerninge the vvorthynes of the vvounded parte for although the vvounde be but little in her meatinge yet notvvithstandinge vve esteeme her to be greate because that the strengthe and actione of the vvounded parte or member is verye necessarye for the vvhole bodye ' and for the vvhole lyfe of man vvhich parte havinge lefte his naturall vse and actione it consequentlye follovveth that the personne must immediatly discease dye as vve may by experience see that daylye chaunceth in the vvoundes of the Braynes of the Harte and in the vvoundes of the Liver Thirdelye because that some vvoundes are of a vvorser nature dispositione as beinge venoumede rebellious and entermingled vvith some badde and dolorous accidentes vvhich sometimes farre surpasse excell the vvounde it selfe as it is evidentlye planlye to be seene in the vvoundes of the Ioynctes vvhich immediatlye may fall into a verye exceedinge badde estate because that those partes and places are circumligatede or clothed vvith verye smalle store of fleshe beinge onlye decked co verede vvith the Tendones vvith sinnues vvith Ligaments that verye tender and sensible pellicle Perioflium by the vvhich these partes or members are in more daunger of fallinge into a convulsione of sinnues into Phrensye payne and inquietude as much as a farre more greater vvounde in anye other parte of the bodye Those vvoundes are accounted incurable vvhich doe happen in the Braynes Woundes vvhich are esteemed incurable or in the ventricle of the same in the Harte entrāce of the stomacke in the Vena Cava the entrāce of the Liver the backe bone quite throughe the Lunges in the small guttes or entralles the stomacke the Kidnies or in anye greate vaynes or arteryes about the throate Woundes that be difficulte to cure But these vvoūdes vvhich vvil difficultlye be curede are they by the vvhich the Longes the Liver the mēbrane of the Brayns the Milte the Matrix or vvombe the blather anye of the greate guttes or the Middelriefe are vvoūded vvith verye small vvounde Alsoe are those vvoūdes daungerous vvheras the greate vaynes Woundes that are daungerous Arteryes vnder the Emunctoria or arme pittes in the Hockes or bēdinge of the knees are vvounded and indeed all vvoundes are suspitious in all places vvheraboute anye greate Vaynes or Arteryes are situated placed because that throughe theire effusione of bloede the vvounded persone is berefte af all his abilitye forces the vvoundes of the Secrete partes or privityes and the vvoundes of the Testicles are alsoe by this reasone verye perillous daungerous as alsoe are these vvhich happen and chaunce to light betvveene the fingers The figure or forme of the vvoundes There is alsoe greate heede to be taken one the manner forme of the vvoūde for those vvoūdes vvhich chaunce or come by crushinge or pletteringe are farre vvorse then those vvhich are onlye hevvede so that it is much better to be vvoūded vvith a sharpe edgede or cuttinge svvorde thē vvith anye other blunte vveapone vvhich is not sharpe The rounde or circle vvoundes are vvorste difficultest to be curede but the certayneste easyeste to be cured are those vvhich passe by the lēngth of the fibres right like a linye or line The vvoundes of the Hippe vvhich are receaved in the membranous muscle What the vvoundes of the hippe are are verye exceedinge daungerous especiallye if it be a thruste or stabbe or else vvhē the apertione of the same is verye smalle hath noe issue but it is soe much the vvorse if it soe chaunce ther be anye fracture or separatione of bones it be vvhere it vvil in anye place of the hippe so farre forthe as if the vvounde be in anye internalle parte of the Hippe about the greate vaynes then the vvounde is passinge
other badde accidentes vntil the Fifteenth day and the moderne and ionge professors vntill the hundred the day The Iurists or lavvyers have constituted and ordayned fifteene dayes for the iudgement of the vvoundes of the Heade to knovve of a certayntye vvhether the patient by occasione of that vvoūde came to dye or not or by reasone of his ovvne faulte or by any other occasione Because therfore that the yonger Chyrurgiane shall not be over rashe in givinge of his iudgement leaste he come te glyde and falle into anye badde reportes or in anye repraehensione As much as appartayneth vnto me I have knovvne some vvhich have continued in a verye good estate vnto the thirteenth fourteenth or vntill the fifteenth day and then have fallen into agues and manye other accidentes by the vvhich they in the end chaūced to dye VVee must alsoe note that all naughtye and badde accidents most of all publishe themselves at the full Moone more then at other times because as then all maner of moysture grovveth and increaseth more then in the decreasinge of the Moone alsoe more in the sommer then in the VVinter The signes and tokens of the deadlye fractures of the sculle are agues in the VVinter The signes of the deadly fractures of the sculle before the fourteenthe daye and in the sommer before the seaventhe day Item a naughtye and badde colloure of the vvounde little matter of the same mortificatione of that vvhich is inflamed slimye or viscouse consistence of that vvhich is corrupted drieth ariditye in the skinne of the heade as it is in a peece of pouldrede fleshe vvith a brouvvne leadishe and blacke colloure vvhich signifyeth the beginninge of the corruptinge and putrifyinge of the sculle vvhich thē vvaxeth ravve as vve may see vvhen it is rotten and grovvne blacke vvheras before it vvas even and smoothe Finallye vve see therin a pale and yellovvishe colloure to vvitt vvhen the foresayede bone is vvholye corrupted rotten throughe the purulent matter vvhich vvas suncke to the grovvnde of the vvounde and vvas there gathered together The patient beginneth to rage he hath little pimples one his tonge he getteth alsoe convulsione of synnues one the contrarye syde of the vvounde some fal inte an Apoplexia vvheron follevvethe deathe The Practitioners of our times have observed in all vvoundes vvhether allreadye therin vveare a Paralisis or els therafter happened thervnto and onethe contrarye syde a Convulsione or somtimes also in the vvounded part a Convulsione and in the other syde a Paralisis sometimes also in both the partes ether a Cōvulsione or Paralisis and somtimes one each syde ether a Convulsione or a Paralisis vvithout the contrarye syde beinge in anye sorte thervvith infected The goode signes of healinge in the fractures of the Heade after that it is trepanede or els after that the brokē parcells of bones are taken out of the Heade are these namelye vvhen that the Membrane of the Braynes hath her naturalle colloure and her naturalle motione stirringe vvhen the engendringe and grovvinge Fleshe is redde VVhen that the patient may easylye turne aboute his Necke and alsoe easylye vvagge his lovver chavve bone But in somuch as the Membrana hath noe stirringe Badde signes and is blacke leadishcolourede lividouse or vvith anye other badde coloure taynted defylede Then the patient ragethe vomiteth exceedinglye falleth into a Paralysis or in Spasmo if that the Fleshe of the vvounde be leadishe colourede the necke the chavvebone bothe of thē stād stiffe all these are verye bad signes And vvhē the vvoōde is at a good estate thē beginneth the fleshe of the Membrane or of the sculle to grovve and to vvax dubble and filleth all the voyde places vvith fleshe that have binne open betvveene the bones yea somtimes covereth even as it vveare vvith pomgranate Kernells the scull it selfe ⧠The tokens howe to knowe which partes of the bodye are wounded Cap 3. TTe vvoundes most commonlye are knovven by ther first aspecte alsoe sometimes the place of the vvoūde certifyeth vnto vs vvhat partes are internallye vvounded But seinge that it often times chauncethe that these vvoundes ' vvhich to our estimatione be not profounde or deepe penetrate vnto the internall partes vve vvil heere therfore recite the signes by the vvhich vve may knovve vvhat internall partes vvithin the bodye aré vvoūded because ther by vve may knovve vvhether the patiēte may be cured of them or not Signes vven the braynes are hurt If soe be that the Braynes or else ther Membrane is vvoūded thē ther issueth bloode out of ther Noses vvith some alsoe out at there Eares commonlye ther follovveth a vomitinge of choler some lye almoste out of the memorye beside thēselves that althoughe you call crye vnto them they give noe ansvvere others seē in ther faces as if they vveare afrighted feared some turne and vvinde there eyes this vvay and that vvaye as if they vveare touched stricken by Gods hāde the thirde or the fifth daye most commōlye they fall into madnes Phrenesie other gette the Spasmū before they dye some there are vvhich plucke the medicamētes from there Heades soe that the vvounde commeth to lye bare vvaxeth coulde VVhē as the backe bone is hurte Sygnes vvhē the backe bone is hurte or vvoūded thē beginnethe the patiēt to be feéble lame in his synnes or else he getteth cōvulsione of synues vvhich is called Spasmus leeseth the sence of feelinge somtimes the patiēt can nether retayne his vrine Sperma or Stole but of it selfe departeth from him If the Harte be vvoūded Signes vvhē the harte is vvoūded ther issueth out of the vvounde greate store of blacke dence or thicke bloode especiallye vvhen the right side of the Harte is hurte But vvhen the left syde of the Harte is hurte then issuethe out of the vvounde fine subtile redde bloode the pulse of the patiēt is verye debile feeble variable is verye pale coloured in his face The coulde svveate in all his bodye bursteth out and hath a verye vnsaverye smelle evē as vve may note in other sicknesses of longe cōtinuance His handes and feete beginne to be coulde out of the vvhich present death ensueth VVhē the Lunges are hurte thē breatheth the patiēt vvith greate difficvltye The vvounds of the Lungs divers times reiterateth dravveth anevve his breath as if he there by sought indevoured to doe him selfe som solace cōforte he voydeth of ten times through his mouth frothye bloode throughe the vvoūde fayre redde vitalle bloode vvith peepinge hissinge breathe he endevoureth for the most parte to lye one his vvoūded syde others often times erecte them in ther bed vvith out anye occasione Some lyinge one the vvounded syde can speeke but turninge thēselves one ther sovvnde syde are quite deprived of there speeche sometimis they are bloesinge in ther faces sometime cleane pale and at the
last issueth out of the mouth of the vvounde greate quantitye of filthye matter The signes of a vvounded Liver are these The Liver beinge hurt naÌ„lye that out of there right syde they avoyde a greate quaÌ„titye of bloode Both sydes of the bodye are as it vveare plucked tovvarde the backe bone The patieÌ„t is verye pale in his face as if he vveare halfe deade His eyes are fallen invvardes and hath intollerable payne beinge ignorant throughe his impatientie vvhat he shal doe he ist best at ease vvhen he lye th one his bellye he hath a verye prickinge stinginge payne vvhich dravveth tovvarde his breste and also toevvarde the sydes of the same Heavinge and contractinge his shoulders togeather must he breathe and somtimes throughe parbrakinge he avoydethe choller Hath a verye violent fervent pulse he is easylye inceÌ„sed to ire sorrovve somtimes he hath an ashe coloured face his vrine alsoe soÌ„tymes verye bloodye his stoels like matter and dye most coÌ„monlye vvith the Hickcoughe VVheÌ„ the kidnyes are hurte then desceÌ„deth as it vveare by degrees coÌ„methe the payne into the flanckes Of the vvounds of the kidnies and soe forvvarde vnto the testicles the patient can verye difficultlye be released of his vrine he pisseth bloode or at the least his vvater is bloodye Somtimes his vrine is quite retaynede by the vvhich occasione the patieÌ„te beinge extreamlye svvollene dieth The milte beinge hurte If the Milte be hurte or vvounded then the bloode issueth out of the left syde of the pacieÌ„te is blak of coloure The same syde alsoe the stomacke beginne to be indurated harde the patieÌ„t vvaxeth thirstye the payne retracteth it selfe tovvardes the breste as in the vvoundes of the Liver The vvoÌ„be beinge hurte Novv the VVombe beinge hurte the vvomaÌ„ hathe greate payne in her flanckes in her Haunches in her hippes she avoydeth bloode partlye throughe the vvounde and partlye throughe her privityes after the vvhich somtimes follovveth a parbrakinge of Cholera Others caÌ„ not speake some lye out of memorye others vvhich doe not rage say that they are troubled vvith greate payne in there sinnues in ther Eyes vvhen they dravve tovvarde deathe they are troubled vvith the same accideÌ„tes vvhich vve have recited of the Harte The Middle reefe VVhen the middle reefe or Diaphragma is vvouÌ„ded theÌ„ are the sydes of the patieÌ„t dravvne shruncke vpvvardes they have exceedinge greate violent payne internallye in the backe bone they have verye retardate breathe and there issueth out of the vvounde frothye bloode The entrance of the stomacke The entrance of the stomacke beinge hurte the patiente beginnethe to have the hick vp avoydeth choller vvhen as he eateth or drincketh he casteth it strayghte vvay froÌ„ him agayne he hath a smalle feeble obscure pulse he getteth a little coulde svveate vvith a coolinge of all externalle partes The stomake the gutts The stomacke that gutte Ieiunum have hoth of them one manner of token because that there meate drincke issueth out of the mouth of the vvounde somtimes beinge halfe digested and altered in Chylum they feele a payne as if a man vvoulde rente teare there Harte out of there bodyes they gett hardnesse in ther sydes soÌ„times alsoe parbraketh the patient Cholera vpvvards throughe the mouth his spittle is bloodye betveen these tvvo is noe other difference then that the gutt IeiunuÌ„ hath his place situatione somvvhat lovver then the stomacke The bladder beiÌ„ge hurte vve feele payne Hurtes of the bladder in the flanckes that parte of his bellye a little aboue his privityes extendethe stretchete it selfe in steade of vrine the patieÌ„t pisseth bloode or else the vrine issueth forthe of the vvouÌ„de the entrance of the stomacke is perturbed out of ordre vvherfore the vvounded vomite Cholera or at the least are afflicted vvith the hick cough they beginne to vvax coulde in handes feete and consequentlye ensueth death ⧠Instructione how to give a certayne reporte of all woundes whatsoever before the magistrates Cap. 4. ALl such vvhich before anye magistrates Codsideratione to be had before the giuinge of reporte of anye vvouÌ„ded or sicke personne vvil are disposed to give reporte instructione shallby noe meanes intrude themselfves before that of the magistraete they shal be requested therto sent for seinge that most commonlye proferede vvitnesse is repraeheÌ„dable he that taketh such a thinge in hande ought first of all to visite and see the patient because he might ripelye and dilligeÌ„tlye consider of al thinges namelye especiallye one the greatnes of the dissease one the situatione place of the same not onlye as theÌ„ may give good instruâ—one but alsoe one all occasioÌ„s on the praedictione fore sayinge of the vvoundes vvithout havinge vnadvisedlye therin hasted him selfe for it is a harde and difficulte matter to give a perfecte coÌ„plet iudgement of the end of all vvouÌ„des or other sicke persoÌ„nes because of the accidentes vvhich might chaunce thervnto for those vvouÌ„des vvhich vve doe not esteeme of soÌ„times are occasione of death coÌ„trarylye those of the vvhich vve expected nothinge but death are yet notvvithstandinge cured VVe knovve that some ther are cured healed notvvithstandinge althoughe they vveare vvounded in the Membrane or pellicle of the Braynes yea some vvhich vveare hevvede in the substaÌ„ce of there Braynes as I alsoe remember some to have bin cured vvhich vveare hurte in the luges in the Middlereefe in the Liver in the smalle guttes or eÌ„tralles the Bladder the Kidnyes or in the Matrix or vvombe Althoughe vve accordinge to the iudgemeÌ„t reason of the aunciente professors esteeme such vvoundes to be deadlye incurable Contrarylye vve se some meÌ„ men dye of smalle and vndiepe vvoundes vve must therfore in such thinges make a distinction amonge the vvounded for some ther are vvhich are of soo goode a temperature and state of bodye that of a greate and large vvounde vvhich in anye other mans bodye vvear praesent dea the they are cured contralye there are others vvhich beinge vvounded in anye externalle partes vvhich are nothinge noceÌ„te or dauÌ„gerous to the lyfe of the patient vvithout anye penetratione of the vvhich notvvithstandinge they chaunce to dye ether of the badde coÌ„stellatione or constitutione of the time or by the refluxione of anye badd humors vnto the vvounded parte Some meÌ„ dye of a small vvound Althoughe therfore that some vvoundes are curable and alsoe of a good constitutioÌ„ dispositione vvithout anye badde or coÌ„trarye signe therin to be marked but for all that vve may not give anye absolute iudgement or reporte of the same but muste onlye say that the vvounde is curable soe farre forth as there be nothinge praetermittede vvhich consisteth and belongeth as vvell in the patient as vnto the Chyrurgiane vvhich hathe him inhandes it belongeth alsoe vnto the circuÌ„stantes and vnto other externall
must dye therofe it might also bringe the Physicion or Chyrurgiane into the name of beiÌ„ge cruell mercylesse vvher other vvyse the bullet beiÌ„ge dravvne forth it might be that the patient might as yet be curede vvherfore the Chyrurgiane must alvvayes endevoure doe the best he can vvhen he hath forttoulde admonished the frendes of the patient of the daunger because some times greate fearfull vvouÌ„des beyoÌ„de the expectatioÌ„s of all meÌ„ are cured vvherfore vve ought not at anye time to permit or suffer the patieÌ„te vvithout helpe or succoure vvhere ther is anye smalle hope of beinge cured We muste not at anye time leave the patient And all thoughe that all thinges of this our operatione fall not out accordinge vnto oure minde yet notvvithstandinge must not vve leave to effecte that vvhich this arte science reqvireth that vvhich our coÌ„science vvitnesseth vnto vs. Consideration of bulletes Above all that the Chyrurgiane must considere on the vvounded parte he must alsoe farther consider one the differeÌ„ce varietye of bulletes vvhich consisteth in the matter forme qvantitye number and facultye of the same As concerninge touchinge the matter althoughe that the foresayed bulletes most commonlye are of leade yet for all that sometimes the besieged they that skermishe in the feelds are constrayned to vse tinne bullets Copper peeces of iron steel peasen yea alsoe little stones or pebles As concerninge the figure or forme therof they are most commonlye rovvnde although ther are some shotte vvith three corners some foure corners some of other fashons Touchinge the qvantitye ther is great difference concerninge the greatenes of the peeces by the vvhich the bullets are shott As for the nuÌ„ber constitutione of the foresayed bullets ther are some vvhich shoote vvith more theÌ„ vvith one bullet vvith some vvhich are fastened the one vvith the other vvith little chayned Bullets vvith hayle shote vvhich spreade theÌ„selves in the bodye of a man Speakinge of the forces or facultyes of bullets I have not as yet geven anye credite vnto them that sayed the bullets might be poysened because as yet ther hath binne never a famous Chyrurgiane vvhich ever had a venomous shotte vvounde in hande in these our tymes vvhich hath made anye meÌ„tione therofe as is playnlye shevved in the discourse of the disceased the right vvorshipfull M Ambrosius Paré chiefe Chyrurgiane to the kinge his maiestye vvhich hath verye learnedlye discussed as it vveare grovvnded this questione in his boockes of Chyrurgerye ⧠The bullets all other straunge things ought in the first dressinge to be drawne forth soe farre as it is possible to be done of the meanes how to effecte the same Chap. 3. WHen that the Chyrurgiane shall have coÌ„sidered one the parte also a little observed one the varietye difference of bullets he shall chuse a certayne nuÌ„ber of instrumentes vvhich coÌ„tinuallye he ought to have by him especiallye those vvich he supposeth to be most fittest to dravv forth the fore sayed bullet vvith most facilitye ease We must endevoure to dravve forth the bullete at the first dressinge The vvhich he shall at the first dressinge vvithout anye longer delaye vnto the next daye put in vre and practise for the bullet beinge dravvne out shall the patieÌ„t Chyrurgiane alsoe be freed from great daunger the vvhich both of them vvith all right ought to desire and longe for The bullet may alsoe praesentlye vvhile the vvounde is freshe greene be felt vvith the finger or most fitlye vvith the privet or searchinge iroÌ„ vvithout tarryinge vntill the next daye because that the vvounded parte throughe anye concurringe humors svvelleth out of haÌ„de throughe the payne of the vvounde by the vvhich the entrance of the vvounde coÌ„meth to svvelle as alsoe throughe the force of the bullet anye of the MeÌ„branes or TeÌ„dones beinge brused the foresayed entraÌ„ce of the vvounde stoppeth because most coÌ„monlye shotten vvoundes doe not enter right or liniallye into the bodye but turninge alsoe vvith any Membranes or tendones rovvnde about vvounde euen â—â—ngled as alsoe the bullet through his ponderousnes runninge this vvay or that vvay chaunceth to fall into some hollovve place vvhich sometimes frustrateth annihilateth the knovvledge of the Chyrurgiane so that by anye meanes possible he can nether touch nor finde him above all this the foresayed vvounde is the seconde day more sensible tender then vvhen shee is freshe as the patient allsoe vvhile that the vvounde is fresh vvarme is better able to abide the sovvnding or searchinge iroÌ„ or privett that vvhich is more the vvounded havinge obtayned noe time to thincke The vvouÌ„ded feeleth not his vvouÌ„de at the first consider of his vvouÌ„de his harte beinge as yet puffed vp vvith vayn glorye is not as yet at the first dressinge posessed vvith anye timorousnes or feare as he is in the seconde or thirde dressinge vvherfore in his frist dressiÌ„ge vvith more courage patience is able to beare the payne and dravvinge forth of the bullet First of all therfore if so be that by anye meanes vve caÌ„ nether finde nor feele the bullet to acomplisshe effecte this vvorke fitlye convenientlye vvith the leaste trouble payne of the patient vve are constrayned to cause the patient to sit or stande in such a forme posture or collocatione as he sate or stoode vvheÌ„ as the bullet vvas shot into his bodye yea alsoe vvith the same gesture behavioure One vvhat maÌ„ner vve must set the patieÌ„t vvhich he vsed for the chainginge of the forme as vvhen vve fight or vvhen vve are layed aloÌ„ge or vvheÌ„ vve staÌ„de vpright or beinge sett dovvne causeth a greate alteratione in the beinge and situatione of these partes of the patiente because the vaynes arteryes synnues bones muscles may one so manye vvayes fashons be turnede vvouÌ„de as they have divers vses actions vnto the vvhich they at fitt it be ether in the erectiÌ„ge or in the stoupinge or in the turniÌ„ge vvhich often times is the occasione that altough vve search feele for the bullet any muscle lye anye other vvay turned then it did vvhen the foresayed muscle vvas pearcede vvith the bullet the vvouÌ„de in that place most commoÌ„lye beinge stopt soe that for the most part the searchinge iron can not enter that place vvher the bullet lyeth But vvhen vve shall have set the patient on such a manner as he stoode or sat vvheÌ„ he vvas shot theÌ„ come all the partes into the same situatione as they vveare vvheÌ„ he vvas shott vvherfore as theÌ„ the proofe or searchge iron may passe verye easylye vvithout any let eveÌ„ into that place vvheras the bullet lyeth And soe farre forth as the patieÌ„t coÌ„sideringe his greate imbicillitye vveakenes hath not the strengthe to staÌ„de in that ordre vve must as theÌ„ at the leaste ether sittinge or lyinge turne vvinde him on such a maÌ„ner vvhether
his deathe allvvayes persuade themselves A foolish persuasiō that if the Patiēt had binne in handes of theire Chyrurgiane he vvithout al doubte had not dyed although that theire Chyrurgian have experimented tried little or nothinge at all and is vvholy inexperte so that by continuance of time vve finde thē to doe or vvorck noe more miracles thē a common or lay man and also vvith noe more certayntye doctrine nor experience and oftentimes in their practise beinge at theire vvittes or councels end are constrayned to sue for succoure ayde of their companions or partakers Because therfore that in conseqvente times heerafter these fellovves should not vndeservedlye reape such honoure the aunciente Chyrurgianes might liberate free thēselves from all calumnes of beinge ignorāt vvhich is layed to their charge and to reqvite and resolve the opinions of those mighty and potētat Lordes vvith reason because therafter they doe no more blame and sclaunder the Chyrurgianes I vvill heere breeflye recite Some vvoundes are esteemed to be small vvhich indeede are great and daungerous the occasions of Death causinge them playnlye and evidently to vnderstāde that ther are some vvhich of a vvoūd vvhich vve esteeme to be but small and of little regarde doe notvvithstanding dye yet of expert learnede men the same vvas esteemed and accounted for a perillouse vvounde And contrarilye some are cured of great vvoundes vvhich indeede vve esteeme to be but smalle and of little regarde and vvhich vvith all facilitye may be cured They can not cure all men Notvvithstandinge beinge impossible for the Chyrurgiane hovv erudite experte soever he be to cure all men althoughe at sometimes they be vvoundede vvith verye smalle vvoundes Novv therfore to returne to our discourse What is required to the resanatione of vvoundes vve must first of all knovve that to cure a vvoundede parte to restore agayne that person into his former accustomed estate of health thervnto are many thinges reqvired vvhich I heere normallye rightlye vvill prosecute First of all ther is the integrity force vigore of the vulneratede hurte parte or membre As evidentlye doe demonstrat vnto vs the aucthoritye reasone and experience For accordīg to the opinione and sentence of divine Hippocrates It is nature vvhich cureth all sicknesses and disseases sect 5. Epid. 6. The vvounded partes are infeebled ether cōsidering the nature of their first conformation or throughe any accidentes chauncinge to the dissease or els because of any hurtes or shottes vvhich happen vnto the same vve may throughe their nature knovve thē vvhen as the head is to little for as then it is vvhole inconveniēt Or els to grosse and so vaste and ponderouse that becaus of the dissease the patiēt is not able to beare vp the same right on his shoulders If so be it be perfectlye and completly rounde for in such a Heade is ether vvanting the anterioure A Heade noughtily formed or the posterioure future or both of thē together vvhich are the suspiracles through the vvhich nature disburseth her selfe of all superfluityes vvhich beinge therin contaynede they retardate the curatione of the vvounde And if it soe chaunced that the Heade of your vvounded vveare indecently formed the vvound seeminge to be small allthough indeede noe Capitalle vvoundes are to be esteemed smalle and the curation therof be tardife and the Patiente chaunce to dye therof vve ought not as then in anye sorte to attribute the faulte vnto the Chyrurgiane but to the badde formatione of that parte vvhich is hurte or vvounded VVe must alsoe vnderstande the same of the Breaste vvhich being anguste stricte sufficiently demonstrateth vnto vs that the harte and the naturall calor of the same are very feeble be cause the domicille of the harte the Lūges is to angustlye formed vvhich might be the cause that if any body being vvounded in such an angust stricte breaste shall vvith great difficulty receave agayn his health because the natural caliditye being in these partes feeble lāguide shall not be able to surmount the Accidentes vvhich ordinarilye happen vnto such partes as difficulty of respiratiō through the oppression of the effuded blood in that part vvhich cā not be digested nor expelled ether by the Mouthe or through the vvoūd that for vvante of naturall caloure vvhich cōmonly in such a stricte anguste Breast is very smalle Abadde formed Backe or Backebone The like may also be sayed of the Back of the Spina Dorsi or Backebone vvhich being sōvvhat to lōg as those vvhich cōtumeliouslye diridingly vve call Elevenribbes because they have such huge and vaste long sydes vvherof vve neede not doubt but that such a Back or Backcbone is farre more debile then others therfore more apte and prone to receave anye vnnaturall humiditye vvherfor also in such vvoūdes there happē great fluxiōs betvveen the Muscles the skinn betvvixte the distāces of the same becaus of the great quātity of excremētes vvhich have theire accourse out of the Braynes other partes of the body vvherby betvveē the Muscles the distāces of the same there sincke manye superfluous humors vvhich by consequēce of time are chaūged into some venoumouse humiditye matter through the vvhich vve are sōtimes cōstrayned to make some great apertione vvhich require a long continuance of time to the mūdifyinge therof vvholy to be cured yea sōtimes also aulter chaūg into fistles becaus of the tendernes softenes of the part vvhich cā not be shut nether through ligamentes reserated or cōpressede as an arme or legg Hippocrates hath observed noted that betvvixte feeble A notable sentence diseased fleshe ther alvvayes descēdeth sīcketh a vvaterishe humudity vvhich easily can corrupt The small thinne Hippes vvhich are baddly formede Hern fashoned hippes legges vvherof vve commonlye say they goe one VVayghtes are vnder and above all most of aequall crassititude and thicknes cōtrary to those vvhich vve saye to be hipped legged or have a payere of goode stedfast stiltes vnder thē vvhich are vvel proportioned vvher of daylye experience teacheth vs that to our greate greefe and sorrovve that such persons ether being vvoūded in hippes in the legges or in the feete are subiecte vnto many and divers accidentes the vvoundes alsoe difficult to be cured mūdifyed Legges vvhich are of a difficulte resanatiō in the vvhich oftētimes above the ordinary fluxiōs therin engēdreth proude fleshe novve being as it vveare almost readye to be Cicatrizede can very difficultely be brought thervnto being cicatrized through anye small occasion bursteth open agayn And if so be the bones be offended or brokē as then the Ioyncte most commonlye consumeth and vvithereth the health very retardately can be agayne restored Novv all this vvhich hath binn sayed The most truest assuredst signe of the imbicilitye of any part is
constitutione of mans bodye vvherthrough the Ioynctes are throughely soacked moystened because of the humiditye vvhich is disperced throughe the vvhole massa of the bloode soe that by this meanes the vvoundes are better mundified and incarnated and those partes doe increace and pingvifye Effects of Cholera In like sort alsoe doth Cholera or anger and yet also more then the immoderate ioy because heerby besydes all this that in the spirites humors of the bodye is caused greate corrvptione and they throughe theire greate heat caloure chaunce to inflame and by this meanes consequently the vvhole habitvde of the body is replete vvith putride agues hovv little sicke soever the persone be vvhich foresayed agues if they chaunce to afflict the patient vnto death as it oftentimes happeneth vve most commōlye then attribute the same vnto his vvound Accidentes of sorrovve as if of the Chyrurgiane he had not binne vvell handled and not to the ague Is it not evidente enoughe vnto vs vvhat accidentes are caused throughe sorrovv and greefe hovv healthfull sovnd soever the personne be vvhich is thervvith intrapped for she soe reserateth and as it vveare strictly occludeth the Harte that by noe meanes there can engendre anye vitall spirites and hovv fevv soever ther are yet they may not be dispercede vvith the bloode throughe the vvhole body because the same is grosse and tenebrous by the vvhich the vitall virtues and al theire accōplices are debilitated so that in the end a man is in his minde vexed hebede The melācholicke doe hate thēselves the Harte omitteth all ioy pleasure he odiously hateth himselfe fallinge into desperatione and raginge havinge lost his livelye coloure in his face consuming the body vvherby oftentimes must follovv death It vvill not also be alienate vnto our purpose to the a poroving of my sayinges that I heere recite that vvhich the father of eloquence hath vvrittē ad Atticum the vvordes vvherof are these It vveare an excellent matter my good frend Atticus that man could live vvithout meate or drincke but yet a farre more excellellēter matter if so be vvithout anye envie and hate vve coulde Live because those viandes vvhich vve eate doe corrupt nothīg els thē our humours but the trayterous envie and sorrovv doe consume vs evē vnto the bones Envye malice consume the bones corrode the entralls as vve playnlye may behoulde for man sickeneth through some certayne envye malice of the vvhich he by continuance of time dieth Doest thou not knovv by experience that tvvo torturors vvhich vvill deprive a mā of life that the torturer of greefe and sorrovve is the most cruellest yea then of the Gluttonye Effectes of stupefactione Nether may vve heere omitt to recense and speake of the obstupescēce feare vvhervvith the covvardes faynte harted are oftentimes touched and taken This stupor causeth in vs the same accidētes vvhich the sorrovve causeth but somvvhat greater for the time for this fore sayed stupefactione and feare expulseth from him retracteth tovvarde the harte but vvith more festination more raptnes then the sorrovv the bloode the vitall spirites vvherfor vve may perceave that the face in the time of stupefactione feare vvaxeth pale and the externall partes coulde vvith tremblinge of the vvhole body the Belly relaxateth the speech fayleth vvith a greate reverberation of the harte because that throughe the greate quantity of bloode of the spirites vvhich suddaynly doe retire thethervvardes being allmost suffocated can verye difficultlye move it selfe but greatly desireth to be refreshed and discharged of such a sarcinatione so that oftentimes ther follovveth death because the bloode being dravvne tovvardes the Harte suffocateth it selfe there by that meanes the naturall calor and the vitall spirites beīg extingvished Error of the vulgare cōmon poeple vvithout the vvhich the life of man can not be preserved If so be that anye bodye beinge vvounded through perturbatiōs of the mind doe chaūce to dye the vulgare commō poeple vvill not attribute the occasiō of death vnto chose praecedent or praenominated occasions but farre more to the negligence and ignorance of the Chyrurgian vvhich hath not intreacted him as it vveare convenient he had done Feare and nicenes doe impeach health although that those vvhich have a more sovvnder iudgement of such occasions vvill iudge clane contrarye thervnto and others The like also may be sayed of those vvhich vvill not allovv of the vvill and intente of the Chyrurgian nether of anye other remedyes vvhich vveare commodious and proffitable for his health beinge ether to timorous or delicate to suffer any apertion vvhich for his disease had binne necessarye to administre issue passage to some corrodent matter or parcells of bones that lye there praepared readye to be taken out vvhich by theire remansione in that place doe also corrupte the finitimate partes doe alter permutate the remanent part of bone and corrupt the Marrovve vvherby the health can not suddaynlye follovve as the Chyrurgiane is exoptatinge vvishinge for the same yea also by this meanes oftentimes remayne incurable by vvhich occasione the Chyrurgiane The Historye of Duke d'Aumalle aftervvardes Duke of Guyse vvith his Patient must hope for that vvhich his Patient vvill not suffer and yet notvvithstandinge is required of his disease And to this end Du Bellay reciteth in his memoryes that the Duke d'Aumall sonne to the Duke a Gvyse being mortally vvoūded vvith a splīter of a laūce vvhich pearced his Eye sayed to the Chyrurgians intreate or handle not my sonne as a Prince or mightye Lord but as a Pioner or servant vvhich vvas alsoe an occasione of his resanation because he suffered Contemplation of instrumentes that the tronchone of the Launce vvhich stucke clean through his heade to be vvith force and violence dravvne therout And if therfore vve desire to enter into the contēplatiō of the diversityes of instrumemētes vvhervvith the vvoūdes are made vve shall then finde sufficient occasion to establishe the vnexspected death considering onlye the matter vvherof the vvoundes are receaved as vvell of the small as greate vvoundes Those vvhich have vvritten of Agriculture Whervvith the vvounde is made must be cōsidered or tillage Gardening as Cato Plinius Columella say that theris greate difference vvhether a tree be vvith an Iron knife engraffed or vvith a knife of Bone And vve make little or noe differēce vvhether our bodyes are vvounded vvith Leade Iron or Brasse seing that brasse being mixed vvithe the matter of our vvoundes resolveth it selfe into viriditye vvhich corrodeth the fleshe and causeth somtimes such an inflammatiō that death therafter follovveth Nether is it sufficiēt that in shorte time vve have accommodated this mettle vnto our ruine but novv by little and little vve make it four cornerde vvhich is farre more daungerouse thē if it vveare rounde because throughe the quadrangulatenes therof it rescindeth cutteth breaketh
Fol. 48 Reason vvhy a membre must be extirpatede in the ioyncte Fol. 37 Reason for those vvhich extirpate a membre above or belovve the ioyncte ibidem Reason of Aristot concerninge the bloodyeflixe Fol. 47 Receipte of the Velvet Cauterye Fol. 41 Redivisione of the first kinde of Ligament Fol. 44 Remedyes agaynst the bleedinge of the descidede pallate Fol. 25 Remedyes agaynst the tumefactione Antiades Fol. 25 Remedyes for a vvounded arterye Fol. 30 Remedyes agaynst putrefaction in an Aneurisma Fol. 31 Remedyes agaynst the Caries Fol. 24 Remedyes to consolidate the vlcerations Fol. 49 Renuinge of Phlebotomye Fol. 29 Roote and originall of the Polypus Fol. 22 S Salvatella Fol. 29 Saphena Fol. 30 Sciatica vena ibidem Seconde incarnative suture Fol. 15 Seconde genetalle suture ibidem Secōde meanes to cure the sinckinge of the pallate Fol. 25 Seconde Kinde of Ligamente Fol. 44 Seconde kinde of attractive Ligament Fol. 45 Seton properlye taken Fol. 43 Seton improperlye taken ibidem Seton vvith the vse therof ibidem ibidem Signes contrarye to prognosticatione Fol. 3 Signes of a deadlye fracture of the sculle Fol. 3 Signes vvhen the braynes are hurte ibidem Signes vvhen the backbone is hurte Fol. 3 Signes vvhen the harte is vvounded ibidem Signes to knovve vvhen the Trepane is enterede into the Diploe Fol. 12 Signes vvhen matter is fullye ripened Fol. 17 Signes to knovve the vlcerations Ateromata Steatomata and Melicerides Fol. 18 Signes of the matter vvhich is retayned in the Breste 19 Signes of a vvaterburste Fol. 21 Signes of a venoumouse Polypus Fol. 22 Signes of a tractable Polypus ibidem Signes of a counterfissure Fol. 9 Signes to knovve vvhen the svvollen almondes exvlcerate vvith their remedyes Fol. 26 Signes of an Aneurisma Fol. 30 Signes of a venoumouse horseleech Fol. 31 Signes of a goode horseleech ibidem Signes vvherbye the Chyrurgian is hindered to dravv forth the Childe out of his mothers bodye Fol. 35 Signes of a deade Childe in his mothers bodye Fol. 36 Signes of suppuratione Fol. 17 Signes vvhen the small guttes are hurt Fol. 48 Signes vvhen the greate intestines are hurte Fol. 48 Similitude Fol. 50 Situatione of the patient in the extirpation of a ioyncte Fol. 37 Situatione of a ioyncte must be naturalle accustomede Fol. 46 Sixe thinges vvhich in sovvinge must be cōsidered Fol. 13 Smalle gutts being cut a sunder are incurable Fol. 16 Some men dye of a smalle vvounde Fol. 4 Some men are cured contayninge the bullet in their bodye Fol. 5 Some vvoundes are esteemed smalle vvhich indeede are greate and daungerouse Fol. 51 Sovvinge may not vvith anye violence be done in the lippes of a vvounde Fol. 14 Sovvinge of the haremouth Fol. 15 Sovvinge of the bellye must not be done as the other sutures Fol. 16 Staphilocauston vvhat it is Fol. 25 Stomacke and guttes beinge hurte Fol. 4 Subdivisione of the secōde inferiour ligature in a broken legge Fol. 46 Substance of actuall Cauteryes Fol. 46 Substance of the Cauteryes vvhich the auncient professors vsed ibidem Suddayne death proceedinge of ioy Fol. 52 Suffocatione of the naturall caliditye Fol. 50 Superfluouse comestione bibacitye are not so oppugnant vnto vs as is Melancholye or sorrovve Fol. 52 Supernaturalle teeth Fol. 27 Sutures of the heade variable Fol. 9 Suture in a separatede place is needelesse Fol. 13 T Teethe vvhich grovve forth vvith an acuitye Fol. 27 Teeth vvhich stande forth out of their ordre are broken and vvherin as yet remayneth some little peece ibidem Temporall vayne Fol. 29 Tendones are daungerouse to sovve and vvhye Fol. 13 The apertione of a vvounde must allvvayes be recurvatede dovvnvvardes if it be possible Fol. 46 The apertione in the Hernia is better to be done above then vnder Fol. 22 The Cauterye maketh a greater escara thē the hole of the plaster Fol. 42 The Childe must vvith the heade be dravvē out of his mothers bodye if it be possible Fol. 36 The Chyrurgiane can not cure all men Fol. 50 The Chyrurgiane is sometimes to late sent for Fol. 10 The dissease of a shortened tunge Fol. 24 The dissease of the tunge after a callouse vlceratione ibidem The figure or forme of vvoundes Fol. 2 The formes of inscisione in phlebotomye Fol. 28 The hande must be shut Fol. 47 The heade may not to strictlye be bovvnde and the reason vvhy Fol. 20 The hippe must be stirrede ibidem The ioyncte beinge extirpatede vve must dissolve the ligature Fol. 38 The legge must be kept right Fol. 47 The manner of makinge an apertione Fol. 29 The meanes to dravv out the Polypus Fol. 22 The meanes to cure the pallate Fol. 24 The Melancholicke doe hate themselves Fol. 52 The operatione to cure these thre vlcerations Ateroma Steatoma and Meliceres is nothing differēt Fol. 19 The place vvher in the Paracentese the apertion must be made Fol. 20 The scull is the naturall opercle to the braynes Fol. 22 The seconde instruction in dravving out of bullets Fol. 6 The seconde kinde of Dropsye Fol. 20 The sutures temples of the heade may sometimes be trepaned Fol. 11 The thirde instructione Fol. 6 The tumor Empiema externally sometimes demonstrateth it selfe Fol. 19 The vayne in Phlebotomye must be inscided in her middle Fol. 28 The vayne beinge vvel openede yet throughe the affrightednes of the patient she droppeth Fol. 29 The vvounded feeleth not his vvounde at the first dressinge Fol. 6 The vvoūded vvhich have binne in the drivelinge climate can verye difficultlye be curede Fol. 51 Ther may not be anye fleshe on the bone vvhen vve intende to savve it of Fol. 38 Ther is but one expette Chyrurgian in all Fraunce Fol. 50 They vvhich are of most experience may iudge of the poynctes concerninge the bloodyflixe Fol. 48 Thirde incarnative suture Fol. 15 Thirde generalle stitchinge Fol. 15 Those bullets vvhich sticke fast in the bones are verye difficult to be dravven out Fol. 7 Those vvhoe are deprived of anye ioyncte are verye subiecte vnto the bloodyeflixe Fol. 47 Thre sortes of sovving by the auncient professors Fol. 15 Thre sortes of Dropsye Fol. 20 Thre thinges to be considerede in the collocatione of a broken membre Fol. 46 Threfoulde meanes to cure the fistles of the fundament Fol. 34 Thre thinges vvhich make Childebirthe difficulte Fol. 35 Throughe perturbatione of minde a man may dye Fol. 52 Thrustes in the synnues are daungerouse Fol. 2 To applye the Cauteryes on the Legges Fol. 42 To applye the potentiall Cauteryes Fol. 42 To make a horseleech violentlye to sucke Fol. 32 To knovv vvhether the Hernia be on both sydes Fol. 21 To knovve an imbicille parte Fol. 52 To mollifye the skinne in Phlebotomye Fol. 28 To restrayne bloode throughe ligature Fol. 38 To remove superfluouse fingers Fol. 39 To regenerate anye substance is the vvorcke of Nature and not of the Chyrurgiane Fol. 23 To stenche bloode by Cauteryes Fol. 38 Tractatione of the returnede Epoulis Fol. 23 Transforaiion vvith an actuall Cauterye Fol.