part of his worship to all things under the Sun and with Job esteem the words of Gods mouth more then our necessary food not only more then our aboundance and superfluities but more then our necessary food without which we cannot live and subsist Job 23.12 Concl. 8. Albeit all spiritual mercies must thus have the precedency and the least measure of grace should be preferred to the greatest worldly excellency yet while we compare spirituals with spirituals these which are most absolutely and universally necessary to our spiritual life and being which may be called the vitals of Christianity and such are all graces as to their nature and existence whatever may be said of moral and acquired vertues yet certainly all spiritual and infused vertues are inseparably (k) 1 Joh. 3.9 Eph. 4.24 2 Cor. 5.17 c. grace is as it were the soul of the new man instanti infunditur it comes at once and animates the whole conjoyned are more earnestly and peremptorily to be desired and prayed for and the degree and gradâ—al perfection of grace being variable and not the same in every one but differently dispenced to some in greater to others in a lesse measure according to the good pleasure and appointment of God we may not be so absolute and peremptory in carving to our selves and appointing our own stature as knowing that all the trees in Gods Orchard are not tal Cedars and that in Gods family there are babes as well as strong men and that these tender plants and babes shall ere it be long come unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ Eph. 4.13 And if we will ponder the promises which are the rule and ground of prayer we will find that as there is a difference both amongst temporals and spirituals some temporals being more necessary then others and some spirituals more necessary then others so the promises accordingly do hold out after a diffâ—rent maner both spirituals and temporals and that they do more absolutely and peremptorily engage for and secure us of these thinga that are most necessary for us and so we may and should more confidently and (l) In what sense we may be said to pray absolutely for spiritual things See Concl. 10. and in what cases properly Concl. 11. absolutely pray for such things as are most necessary and usefull For the promises having for their end and object our good and what may contribute for our everlasting happiness the more necessary any thing is for obtaining that great end and for maintaining this bodily life during the time our master hath appointed us to work in his vineyard it must be the more infallibly and peremptorily held forth in the promise The (m) Finis dat mensuram ordinem mâ—diis in omnibus appetibil bus agibilibus inquit Thom mensura est finis idâ—o quae sunt ad finem habent modum ex eo quod sunt fini proportionata Thom. 2 2. quaest 27. art 6. in corp end being the measure and prescribing the order that is amongst the means Thus far in the general we may safely go but when we descend unto particulars we will find more difficulty and to make way for the following Assertions we will first enquire in what sense the promises for spiritual things that are indispensibly necessary to salvation may be called absolute Ans Certainly not as if they concerned and did belong â—o all and every one without exception but because they are irrespective not supposing any condition and qualification in the subject for obtaining what they hold forth Though then they be thus absolute yet they are not universal though nothing in us doth make the difference or can be alledged as a limitation yet the Lord out of his good pleasure hath made a difference between sinners and having elected some unto eternal life to them he maketh an effectual offer of salvation and preventeth them with his free promises Hâ—s election then is the only ground of discrimination Hence we mâ—y argue thus if these promises that are called absolute did belong to all then all would be converted and saved since they do not suppose any condition on our part to their performance there can be no reason given why they should be accomplished in some and not in others if they did belong to all It s true we know not till the event shew to whom they belong and to whom not and therefore we must not exclude our selves especially since they are large enough and will be found to exclude none to whom the offer of the Gospel is made who do not reject that offer and wilfully exclude themselves the Lords discriminating love of election and fore-knowledge doth not hinder the sinner from laying hold on eternal life but the sinner with his own hands doth plait the snare wherein he is (n) Ps 7.15 and 9.15.16 Prov. 5.22 catched and held fast there is none in hell to day that can challenge the general invitation and offâ—r made in the Gospel to all to come and whosoever will to take of the water of life freely Rev. 22.17 Isa 55.1 2. c. Neither shall they be able to fetch an excuse from the promise because it was intended to some only it being indefinitly proposed and no restraint laid on thee that thou mightest not lay hold on it thus the Lord not exprâ—ssing any man by name condition or qualification and yet excluding none promiseth To write his laws in our hearts and in the inward parts to put a new spirit within us to take away the stony heart and give a heart of flesh to heal our backslidings and be mercifull to our unrighteousness to love us freely and become our God and that we shall be his people and that he will cause us walk in his statutes and put his fear in our hearts that we shall never depart from him c. Jer. 31.33 Ezek. 11.19 20. Ezek. 36.26 27 Heb. 8.10 11 12. Jer. 32.40 Hos 14.4 c. These and the like are called promises of grace not supposing any condition on our part previous to their accomplishment and thus are distinguished from the promises made to grace which are conditional and suppose a precedent gracious qualification and fitness in the subject for receiving what they hold forth Thus a renewed pardon of sin is promised upon repentance (o) Vid. apud Gul. Tuis in Corv. defens Arm. pag 106. explicationem dicti Mat. 13.12 habenti dabitur increase of grace to him who improveth the grace he hath received comfort to mourners c. And as they and only they who have these gracious qualifications wrought in them can plead these promises so no man I will not say unlesse he knew and were certain of his election and that his name were written in the book of the Lamb that authentick register of our charter to happiness where there is no blank bond yet certainly none till he be in the state of
him with his free Spirit and that he would not utterly take away his holy Spirit from him that his mouth which for want of the breathing of the spirit for a while was slopt might be opened again Psal 51.12.11.15 What we are now to say concerning the help and assistance of the Spirit may be comprehended under thâ—â—â— three â—cads 1. We will bring some reasons holding forth its â—â—â—ssâ—ty 2. We will show how and after what maner the Spirit helpeth us to pray 3. How the motion of the Spirit may be distinguished 1. From satanicall suggestions 2. from the naturall motions of our own spirit sometimes pressing and drawing us to the Throne adding a word of application but reserving severall practicall questions to the cases Part 3. As for the first The necessity of divine help and assistance may appear 1. from our ignorance 2. from our impotency and inability 3. from our unwillingnesse and aversnesse and 4. from Gods justice and holinesse which otherwise would obstruct our accesse and acceptance 1. Then we are naturally blind and ignorant we know not spirituall things those most excellent and necessary things nay they are foolishness unto us untill the Spirit discover their excellency and our misery without them 1 Cor. 2.11 12 13 14. and therefore without the light and direction of the Spirit we cannot love and desire them nor pray for them what we (c) Ignotinulla cupidâ— know not we cannot love or prize Yea as to temporalls we are ready also to mistake and to ask a (d) Mat. 7.10 serpent in stead of fish and we are ready to be too peremptory in those foolish destructive desires We know neither what nor how to ask and therefore we stand in need of the help of the Spirit that he may teach us to pray as we ought and according to the will of God Rom. 8.26 27. 2. As we are thus foolish and ignorant so we are weak and impotent nay dead and without strength and cannot move one step towards God without his help untill he (e) Ezek. 37.6 blow upon those dry bones and put a new principle of life into them and then draw our heavy and dull though a little quickened and enlivened hearts up to the Throne of grace Eph. 2.1 Rom. 5.6 Ioh. 6.44 we are not able and sufficient of our selves to think one good thought 2 Cor. 3 5. nor to speak a right word none can beleevingly and with affections sutable to such an object say that Jesus is the Lord but by the holy Ghost Cor. 12.3 such corrupt trees as we naturally are can bring forth no good fruit Mat. 7.18 unto the defiled and unbeleeving nothing is pure Tit. 1.15 his heart and conscience being polluted his best things his prayers and sacrifices are naught and loathsom they are an abomination to the Lord Pro. 21.27 and 28.9 and therefore unlesse the Almighty stretch forth his arme for our help we cannot look up to him we have no oblation which we can offer to him not a thought or word sutable to his Majesty and greatnesse and the nature of that heavenly exercise nay though we were translated from death to life yet still we labour under so much weaknesse and infirmity that we neither know nor are able to ask what or as we ought unlesse the Spirit (f) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a metaphore taken from him who goeth to lift a great weight which he is not able to meve from the ground and another stands over against him withwhom joyning hands they tak up the weight together see Edw. Leigh in vec 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 help our infirmities Rom. 8.26 Prayer is too great a weight for our weak armes to lift but when we are pulling and tugging to no purpose then the Spirit cometh and (g) Particula enim 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ad nes laborantes refertur quorum tomen vis omnis ab eo spiritu proficiscitur qui sicut nos penituscollapsos erexit ita etiam erectos regit Beza in Rom. 8.26 takes up the heaviest end and also upholdeth and strengthneth our hands for lifting the lightest and thus maketh the work sweet and easy to us the Spirit helpeth saith (h) Leigh loc cit Leigh as the nurse helpeth the little child who by it self can neither stand nor walk and thus by the hands of the nurse taking it by the steeves it is inabled to go as she directeth so weak Saints c. But 3. as we are thus blind and weak so we are unwilling wicked and obstinat We have much enmity against God and aversnesse from a communion with him the carnall mind is enmity in the abstract against God and spirituall things it is not subject to his Law and Ordinances neither indeed can be Col. 1.21 Rom. 1.30 Rom. 8.7 and how shall this enmity be removed and the foolish self-destroying potshard be made be made to submit to its maker and the rebel subject to make his supplication to the King only the Spirit of Christ dwelling in us can make us yeeld and lay down our weapons and resolve to fight no more against God the Spirit of adoption of enemies can make us sons and beget filiall affections in us that we with confidence may draw nigh to God and call him Abba Father v. 9 14 15.16 Gal. 4.6 4 Our acceptance and welcom depends upon the help and concurrence of the Spirit as weare enemies to God so children of his wrath haters and hated of God wa'king contrary to him and he to us Eph. 2.3 Lev. 26.23 24.27 28. Psa 18.26 O! but the Lord knoweth the mind of the Spirit and will accept those desires that are breathed in the heart by him Rom. 8.27 The Lord knoweth not our howling and crying he regards not our tears and prayers they are an abomination to him Prov. 28.9 Though all the spirits of just men made perfect and all the Angels in heaven would joyn with us yet they could not purchase accesse to us by one Spirit saith the Apostle Eph. 2.18 we have accesse unto the Father and â—â—ere is none beside him that can obtain an entrance for us It s true Christ is the door Joh. 10.7 but the Spirit must open the door and get us accesse he must take us by the hand and bring us to the Father and put acceptable words in our mouth yea after he hath made our peace with God and breathed in us the Spirit of life yet if he do not constantly actuar and quicken that principle our prayers will want life and â—eat and can no more â—e called spiritual sacrifices then the levitical offering untill (i) Lev. 9.24 sire which was of a heavenly descent was brought from the Altar to burn it 'T is true there may be much fervency and heat there may be much fire brought from natures furnace but that common fire is strange fire though it be brought from our own châ—mney yet it is extraneous and unfit for
of a trench-man shall he who searcheth the heart and trieth the reins he who knoweth what is in man and needeth not that any should testifie of man Jer. 17.10 go to another and ask what are the purposes and desires of the heart Though then we deny not the concurrence of the understanding but wish that all that is within us may joyn and were imployed in this spiritual and solemn exercise yet all the faculties of the soul are as so many attendants to wait upon the heart till it draw nigh direct it's desires and present it's supplications to the great King But let none mistake as if we thought that the will by a new act did reflect upon it's desires and thereby did order and offer them to God 1. Such a reflexion will be found contrary to experience if any will descend into his own heart and look back upon his own actings he will not find it there or that he stood in need of any such new act And 2. it will be hard to shew what such a reflex act did import and to what kind of volition it should be referred The will then by one and the same act and in the same instant of time desireth and desireth from God as one and the same act is 1. the desire of the soul and 2. the desire of such an object So 3. from such an hand and fountain Yea some with (u) Scal. exercit 317. desiderium quasi de sideribus quod res desiderata expectetur de caelo Scaliger for which he is unjustly reprehended by (x) Theop. Raynand mor. discip dist 3. quaest 2. art 3. § 183. Raynandus do think this last respect to have occasioned the word so that according to the Etymon of it a desire is that which is expected from the starres which Pagans did think to be and worshiped as Gods from which conceit as some think did also arise the greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thus one and the same act of the will is extended of necessitie for it must have some matter about which it must converse 1. To its object 2. Directed to God And 3. referred to such and such an end And only to our apprehension and for distinctions sake these severall respects and formalities are differenced as to Prayer where they should be really united in one and the same act but yet there is ground for such a distinction and precision since every desire is not directed towards God nor doth aime at a right end And thus for explications sake we may affirm that in Prayer there is a kind of (y) no immaterial thing such as the will and its actings is capable of any proper and quantitative dimension and extension Extension and enlarging of desires 1. to the right fountain for a supply and 2. to the right end and marke And 3. to the right rule for bounding and limiting of it both as to matter and manner so that Prayer formally and as such doth import not the desire it self which is as it were the materiale and in it self considered is indifferent and determinable otherwise but this Offering and directing of our desires to God for thereby desires acted and powred out by way of Prayer are distinguished from all other desires which want this qualification and deserve not the name of Prayer But alwayes it would be remembred that this Christian sacrifice is not like the material and Leviticall oblations for every one as being a preist to God Rev. 1.6 may offer up his own sacrifice Christ indeed must be our Altar and high Priest and the holy Spirit must bring fire and incense but the heart it self must offer up its own desires it needs not run to another Priest nor employ the mind and understanding to take its offering and present it to God These things being premised for explication let us now collect from Scripture some few reasons not so much to stop the mouths of subtile disputers as to convince negligent worshipers of their sin and to minde them of that which is the life and main ingredient of this solemn performance Argument 1 Reas 1. That which God doth especially require and look for in these that draw nigh unto Him that must be the chief and principal part of Prayer whereby in a special manner we approach to Him But it 's the heart that God mainly requires and looks after in all those Jer. 12.2 Ps 34.18 Prov. 23.26 Argument 2 2. That must be the chief part of our worship for the want whereof the Lord is most provoked and specially complaineth But God is most provoked when our heart doth not joyn in the duty when we draw nigh to Him with our mouth and honour Him with our lips and keep our heart far from Him Is 29.13 Matth. 15.8 Argument 3 3. That without which our prayers are no prayers they deserve not the name that must be the prime of the duty But without the heart there may be a voice much crying and howling and yet no Prayer in Gods account Hos 7.14 If our heart be not right God will not value our requests Ps 66.18 Argument 4 4. That which answereth Gods call and invitation and promiseth to seek His face that must be the main agent and pleader at the Throne But the heart as the Master of the house undertakes in name of the rest offers to welcome Him invites Him to come in and tells Him that it will look up to Him and seek His face and how I would ask if not by Prayer and Praises Ps 27.8 Argument 5 5. That which God heareth and answereth that must be Prayer But it is the voice and cry of the heart its panting longing and desiring that He heareth and will satisfie Ps 10.17 and 145.19 Argument 6 6. That which mainly knits and unites us to God must be the main and principal thing in Prayer whereby in a special and solemn manner we ascend unto God close (z) Gen. 32.24.26 with Him and will not let him go till He blesse us But it is the heart and affections that especially do unite and knit us to God He regardeth not other bonds if these be wanting the distance still continueth so long as the heart is removed from Him Mark 7.6 Matth. 15.8 Argument 7 7. There may be much light in the understanding a great measure of knowledge of the promises and a great dexteritie to plead them with much eloquence and yet nothing of the life of Prayer nothing but the carcass or rather the picture and shadow of Prayer which God will not regard more then the cry of these foolish virgins who very pathetically and in much anguish of spirit said Lord Lord open to us not having had their hearts prepared to meet him while he came unto them Mat. 25.11 12 8. And on the other hand if the heart of a needy simple one can but sigh or groan if it can but chatter as a cran and mourn as a dove the
lusts Jam. 4.3 If Antinomians would only plead against lip-labour formality and hypocrisie in drawing nigh to God and that none should with that impudent woman Prov. 7.14 dare to approach Gods Altar that thereby they may either cloak and palliate their sins that they may commit it with the more freedom and lesse suspicion or that thereby they may hire God and purchase a licence from him to follow that cursed trade if I say those Seducers would only argue against lip-labour and hypocrisie in Gods service all the servants of God and the Word of God would joyn with them for that 's not prayer but pratling not service done to God but an intolerable mockery of his holy Majesty that 's not to draw nigh to God but to step aside from him for while the heart is removed all is removed and the (n) See Ch. 4. distance is still made greater and greater but under this Pretence to cry down the use of the means which God hath appointed for healing and softning the heart is as abominable as to teach that these who are on the way to hell should continue in that way and not endeavour to go out of it and turn that they should not (o) Mat. 7.13 14. strive to enter in at the strait gate nor search after the narrow way that leadeth unto life O! but may these Seducers say without faith it is impossible to please God Heb. 11.6 Wherefore then should these who have not faith spend their time and strength in wrestling with duties which since they cannot please God cannot profit the workers Ans Without faith it is impossible to please God as his friend as reconciled to him as his son c. There is no justification nor peace with God without faith whereby we lay hold on him who is our (p) Eph. 2.14 15 16. 1 Cor. 1.30 peace reconciliation righteousness and sanctification without faith the person cannot please him the state and condition of the man is unsafe naught and loathsome to God and therefore the work cannot please him The tree must be good before it bringeth forth good fruit the Lord first hath pleasure in the person then in his work first he had respect to Abel then to his offering Gen. 4.4 Yet in some (q) Placere Deo est non modo communiter approbari tanquam voluntati suae non adversum quomodo omnia bona naturalia indifferentia dicuntur placere Deo sed ita acceprari tanquam c. placere Deo est justificari D. Paraeus in loc respect the works and endeavours of the unregenerate wh◠are on their way to a change may be said to please God the travail and pangs of the new birth our wrestling with the strong man till he be cast out cannot be displeasing to him for whom thus room is made in the heart yea not only these works which have a more immediate connexion with grace are thus in some respect pleasing to God But also the very first endeavours and breathings after God do so farr please God and are approven of him as that he will accept of them as some steps though not in yet towards the way so that by these the man is brought a little (r) Mark 12.34 nearer the kingdom of God he is in some measure fitted and disposed for grace And the Lord in these three respects may be said to be pleased with and accept such endeavours and duties performed by men not yet (ſ) 1 Joh. 3.14 translated from death to life though looking with natures eye weeping and being a little annointed and (t) 2 Pet. 2.22 enlightned by the common operation of the Spirit towards God 1. (u) Or in these four respects ◠Negatively 2. Positively 3. Comparatively and 4. Relatively Positively because as to the matter and substance these duties are good and agreeable to the rule though as to the manner and way of performance there be many defects 2. Comparatively and that in these two respects 1. Because God is better pleased with such approaches to him then with the running from him to the excesse of riot and though the Sow when washed is still a (x) 2 Pet. 2.22 Sow and hath not laid aside its nature yet it is more pleasing or rather if ye would expresse it negatively lesse displeasing then when she wallowed in the mire yea and 2. Because such performances and endeavours are more acceptable and agreable to the will of God then the omission and not performance of these duties Nay our Divines generally confesse that the moral (y) Virtutes morales fidelium specie formaliter non differre à virtutibus Ethnicorum ab Aristotele definitis multis conatur ostendere Frid. Wendel phil mor. lib. 1. cap. 7. quast 2. idcirco in Christianorum scholis docendas cap. 1. quaest 12. vertues of Pagans and the exercise of these were upon the matter good and that the doers though they did not refer their work to a spiritual end were less guilty and evil then if they had omitted these duties albeit upon a spiritual and theological consideration they might well be called by (z) Vid. August vindicatum apud Chamier panstrat tom 3. lib. 4 sophismata Bell. refutata Augustine splendida peccata beautiful and shining sins 3. Relatively as means which he hath appointed to be the way of conveighance of grace and which he so far accepteth as usually to make them reach the end Thus Rom. 10.17 Faith is said to come by hearing and why not also by prayer While Cornelius was fasting and praying behold a messenger from heaven was sent unto him to shew him what he should do Act. 10.20 While Paul was praying Ananias was sent unto him to open his eyes Act. 9.11 17. We will not enquire whether Cornelius and Paul were then converted or not But behold here an (a) In that a voice from heaven should send Cornelius to Peter to enquire after him and Annanias to Paul to enquire for him extraordinary blessing upon the use of the ordinary means thy prayers and thine almes saith the Angel to Cornelius Act. 10.4 are come up for a memorial before the Lord Enquire for Paul why what 's them atter For saith the Lord Act. 9.11 behold he prayeth O sinners whose trade hath been to destroy your selves in departing from God O! all ye who are yet strangers to this heavenly employment of speaking with your Maker I have a glad message unto you to day what ever have been your provocations or whatever be your present fears yet look up to him whom ye have so often provoked and if ye will forsake the evil of your wayes and present your supplications unto him ye need not fear he will not deal with you as Solomon dealt with (b) 1. Kings 2.17.23 Adonijah as would appear in that particular did most humbly supplicate Solomon though the reasons alledged by Diodati and others might prevail with Solomon justly to
many a time and casten such bones to these dogs while they drew nigh their masters table and looked up to him 6. The example of others who have followed the like course the successe that weary and loaden sinners have alwaies met with may be though thou hadst no more encouragement enough for going about this sweet and promising duty There is none in hell to day who dare say that they took them to this course and constantly pursued it with such diligence and enlargement of heart and affections as they might and according to that measure of strength they had and yet were no better when they had done what in them lay they could not help the mater there was no remedy but they must perish nay nay but their consciences can testifie against them that they were slothful and did neglect the means that they would not present their request to God and constantly pursue their suit and so they did perish not in the use of the means but because they would not further use the means God had appointed for obtaining of mercy and salvation You will say Obj. till men believe they cannot ask in faith nothing wavering for they cannot lay hold on a promise and therefore they need not think they shall receive any thing of the Lord Jam. 1.6 7. Ans Ans The Apostle speaketh not there of the faith whereby we are justified though it be true he supposeth it to be in the subject but of the faith of (c) Which yeâ— is not a distinct faith but a different consideration of one and the same principle a reference to another kind of act flowing from it audience whereby we certainly expect a return of our prayers as (d) Vid. part 2. afterwards shall appear And he speaketh to beleevers exciting them to exercise their faith as to that particular act which reacheth the successe of prayer and certifieth the supplicant that his labour shall not be lost so this place doth not concern the unregenerat And yet while they are minding a change and looking up to God for help there may be in them some shaddow of this faith as of that mentioned Heb. 11.6 which importeth one and the same thing with this he may in some measure believe that God is and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him he may upon the former and such like grounds draw nigh to God in some sort of confidence and expectation of success which if it serve to stir him up and hold him at his work if it keep him from wearying and fainting in his addresses to God may be supposed to be sufficient for that state and condition You will say may not wicked men lay hold on a (e) We purpose to speak to this question in another place if the Lord will and therefore will not now digresse to speak to it at any longâ—h promise for audience and successe Ans 1. Though the wicked may not claim a right to any qualified and conditional promise since he hath not as yet though he be in the way for we do not now speak of swine wallowing in the mire to obtain these qualifications and conditions which the promise doth suppose in him to whom it is made yet who knows that he is not under the absolute promises God hath promised to quicken the dead to give a new heart and to write his law in the heart of some men and who dare say he is not the man and certainly all these to whom these promâ—ses do belong shall in due time have them accomplished in them and this looks to be the very time when thou art panting after the Lord and wrestling at the Throne and therefore if thou do not faint thou must prevail 2. The promises for the most part are conceived in such general terms without any qualification as Mat. 7.7 Luk. 11.9 Isa 55.2 3. c. that thou shouldst not question and dispute away thy interest in them and through thy diffidence turn thy back on thy duty and thus exclude thy self from the promise annexed to it thou shouldst not then so much perplex thy self concerning Gods purpose to pitty thee and his promise to hear thee for as yet these may be hid from thee as thou shouldst be diligent in going about thy duty thou needst not doubt of that what needst thou then linger and delay O! cast away all such discouragements and follow thy duty and thus in the use of the means cast thy self over upon the promises and ere it be long thou mayest find that there was room enough there left for thee to write in thy name and then come to know what was Gods purpose towards thee 3. Gods call and invitation hath much of a promise in it he is serious in his offers he doth not complement with thee when he inviteth thee to come to him Isa 55.1 Rev. 22.17 c. When he inviteth to open to him Rev. 3.20 c. if thou wilt come he will make thee welcome And then 4. The command of God hath half a promise in the bosome of it and certainly all the commandments do belong to thee as well as to the most holy men on earth for what hath made thee a Libertine and exempted thee from duty O! then be of good courage I tell thee as they did Bartimeus for his comfort he calleth thee yea and commandeth thee to come Ah! what mean ye thus to doubt debate and dispute away the market-day and let the golâ—en opportunity slip If such a voice were heard in hell if these wretches were once more invited to make their requests to God would they thus dispute and question would they refuse to labour in Gods vineyard without a bond for their hire nay it would be a glad voice to thâ—m and they would seek after no other security and warrant then his call and invitation O! then while it s called to day hearken to his voice that it be not your case for ever to weep and wail for loosing such an opportunity O! then cast away as Bartimeus did his garments when Christ called him all impediments and hinderances cast off these garments of sin your lusts and these (f) Heb. 12.1 weights that so easily beset you and run to the Scriptures for light fall on your knees run to the Throne run to the father and say I am not worthy to be called thy son and when he seeth thee yet (g) Luk. 15.20 afar off he will meet thee and fall on thy neck and kiss thee thus he hath dealt with such prodigals and why will he nâ—t also thus welcome thee Is their any in hell or on earth that can give an instance to the contrary and say I am the man who thus came to God and yet was rejected It may be indeed that some being awakened by some outward or inward rod have now and then fallen into some good fits and moods but that early dew hath been quickly dryed
desirable the worst of men may have much light together with much hatred and enmity at what they know to be good and right and often they could wish that their light were darkness that they might with the greater liberty and freedom follow their course they could (t) Like to the siug gard who lying on his bed said O! si hoc esset laborare wish that sin were duty and evil good and then there should be no better Saints and Perfectionists then they they would become the greatest Puritans in the world But it is far otherwise with the children of God they wait upon the breathings of the Spirit and stir up the seed and habits of grace in the heart they love their duty and delight to do the will of God who hath not given unto them the spirit of fear but of power of love and a sound mind 2 Tim. 1.6 7. Sinners are students in evil and plot how they may do wickedly but good thoughts arise in their mind without study and meditation and therefore as it were casually and by chance as to their labour care and providence But the Saints study how to do that which is commanded and would be well-pleasing and acceptable to God and sinfull motions arise in them without their consent and contrary to the desire of their heart it is with them as it was with the Apostle when they would do good evil is present with them against their will Rom. 7.21 2. As to their welcom and entertainment as good motions do thus come to carnal hearts before they be sent for So they are hardly used when they come they are unwelcom guests and there will be no peace till the house be freed of their trouble and any service and entertainment they meet with for the time is most uncheaâ—full and constrained but if they be civil and modest and call for no more but some external easie and not costly service as to pray hear sermon c. some obedience for the fashion must be yeelded but without love and delight the heart still protesting against the work and while employed therein saying with that people Amos 8.5 When will the Sabbath be gone and the sermon ended c. Thou comest to the work unwillingly and followest it with unchearfulness and weariness and goest away rejoycing that thy task is finished but if some inward work and heart-exercise be required thou cannot away with such task-masters thou must shake off that intolerable yoak and some one way or other ease thy self of that weary some burdon any Physician though never so miserable and accursed must be imployed rather than thou shouldst thus be held on the rack If Cain be pricked in conscience he will go build a City and by business abroad labour to calm the storm within Saul calls for musick Judas runs to the halter and Felix throwes away the nipping plaister c. But it is mater of sad regrate to the Saints when the Lord with-draws the awakning and quickning motions of his Spirit and with what importunity will they pray the wind may blow Ye may hear them with the spouse thus panting after the heavenly breathings Awake O north wind and come thou south blow thou upon my garden that the spices thereof may flow out Cant. 4.16 and when the precious gaile cometh they will sit down under Christs shadow with great delight his fruit will then be sweet to their taste Cant. 2.3 But you will say Obj. may not the unconverted taste the good word of God and the powers of the world to come and not only be enlightned Ans but also taste of the heavenly gifts Ans Yes they may Heb. 6.4 5. But 1. that taste is rare and not usual 2. It is superficial and not satisfying And 3. it is not pure and spiritual (u) A word in the by to that weighty case concerning the difference between a temporary flash and the solid and pure joy of the holy Ghost 1. It is rare and seldom attained by any reprobat and then it is not a work of meer morality and nature but must proceed from some though not proper and peculiar to the Saints nor sanctifying and converting operation of the Spirit Hence they are said to be made partakers of the holy Ghost v. 4. And because it is thus singular and extraordinary therefore a most terrible and extraordinary judgment is denounced against such as have thus been brought so near the harbour and yet turn sail that they shall never taste of the pardoning mercy of God nor get grace to repent v. 4.6 But 2. their taste is superficial and slight in comparison of that which the converted find it is not meat to them it maketh them not grow they taste spiritual things as cooks do the meat which they dress for others they could not live upon what they thus eat but must have their meals beside or rather as they who serve at the table they find the smell of the meat but eat none of it though some ordinary dish may be left for them yet they must have nothing of the more delicat portion So the unconverted may get something of the portion that is set on the childrens table and find as it were a smell of the heavenly and spiritual gifts which may so affect them as if they did eat and is therefore called a taste but yet nothing of that is let fall to them Albeit some of the Israelites might taste of the pomegranates of the land of Canaan brought (x) Numb 13.23 from thence by the spies who never entred the promised land yet none I think ever tasted of the fruit of the heavenly Canaan but must come thither and enjoy the fruit of that place to the full a stranger doth not intermeddle with their joy But then whether that taste was real or only called so because it was much like and did did resemble a true taste yet certainly 1. it was but an evanishing flash it was but a lightning and no continuing heat flowing from a principle within to feed and give life unto it And thus 2. it was empty and weak fleeting in the affections and not reaching the heart to make an impression upon it by it the streams the actings of the heart were somewhat enlightned and sweetned but the fountain and heart it self was not bettered or altered thereby and nothing of its poison and bitterness removed though the word was received with joy in the stony heart yet that joy was rootless and soon withered it did not pierce the ground only some moisture from thence was conveyed to it which the heat of the day did quickly did eat out and it decayed Mat. 13.20 21. 3. It is not pure and spiritual there is much of self and of a sensual interest mixed with and prevailing in it and albeit it often surprizeth the man without any previous deliberation or endeavour who for the time useth not to reflect upon the motives and
autem noster caelestis magis oblectatur ruditate ac infantia nostra qui sumus cjus filii quam c. Rolloc in Joan 4. child will move the tender father more then all the art and eloquence of a stranger Use 2. 2. A word of caution and 1. let not this discourage the (n) Isa 50.10 children of light while they are walking in darkness do not thou O disconsolate Saint who art (o) Ps 42.1 panting after the Lord as the Hart after the water-brooks do not thou make this a plea for thee to run away from the throne ye that fear the Lord need not fear ye are called and allowed in this sad case to trust in the name of the Lord and to stay upon your God Isa 50.10 What though it be night with the soul so that thou canst not see and discern thy interest in God yet he knoweth who are his own and will hear his children when ever they cry to him and will own them and answer their requests while they are ready to apprehend that they are cast off Isa 49.14 15 16. Neither 2. should this discourage such as are in the pangs of the new birth who have taken their leave of their old lovers and are on the way to Zion whatever thou hast been if thou honestly now desirest to offer up thy self to the service of God and to give him thy heart he will not reject thee Joh. 6 37. Ezek. 18 21.27 28. yea though there be much refuse and and filth mixed with thy sacrifice and much unwillingness joyned with thy desires so that thou hast but a (p) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eurip. apud Erasm in Ghib nolens volens vel potius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Homer volens nolente animo nilling willing thy soul being in a confusion by reason of the sad complaints from thy lusts and former lovers who are unwilling to be divorced yet thou mayest draw nigh to God and look up to him for help and pray that he would stretch forth his hand and pull thee out of this snare and having brought thee forth would so establish thy goings that thou mayest never look back again to Sodom It s true that till thou hast escaped thou canst not lay hold on the Covenant thou canst not in faith plead any promise till thou be (q) 2 Cor. 13.5 in the faith But yet what knowest thou O mourning sinner but the promise may belong to thee the absolute promises to shew mercy love freely to renew the heart c. And certainly God will accomplish what he hath promised and of his free grace may make use of thy prayers as a mean to that end See Part 1. chap. 5. sect 3. Only let this word allarme all secure sinners who dare draw nigh to God with their supplications while they are resolved to follow their old course and trade of sin who dare call God Father and yet are not afraid to offend him who dare supplicate the King with their weapons in their hand and while they purpose to continue in their rebellion Unto such desperate wretches thus saith the Lord What hast thou to do to take my covenant in thy mouth seeing thou hatest instruction and casteth my words behind thee Ps 50.16 17. It s a dishonour to God that such should take his name in their mouth that such should call upon him and lay any claim to his covenant and promises O! consider this all ye that forget God in your life and conversation least notwithstanding all your prayers and seeming devotion he come against you and tear you in pieces while their will be none to deliver ver 22. Hence 2. As the fountain must be purified the streams should be clean it s not enough that our state be good 2. Qualification but our walk must be answerable as our persons must be reconciled and the habits of grace and sanctification must be rooted in the heart so the fruits thereof must appear and holiness must be expressed in our life and conversation In the most dark and impure times this was an acknowledged principle God heareth not sinners Joh. 9.31 Job 27.9 Ezek. 8.18 Prov 1.28 Micah 3.4 Isa 1.15 Jer. 14.12 c. Hence Solomon in that solemn prayer 1 Kings 8. doth once and again caveat and limit his intercession for the success of prayer which should be poured out in or towards that house he had built for the worship of God If they turn from their sin and know the plague of their own heart if they confess and repent c. ver 33 35 37 47 48. Under the law if any man in his uncleanness durst offer to sacrifice or offer to meddle with holy things he was to be cut off from the presence of God Levit. 22.3 c. Of how much sorer punishment suppose ye shall he be thought worthy who dare draw nigh to God and and presume to offer a spiritual sacrifice in his moral uncleanness whereof the natural was only a shadow and therefore was it so severely forbidden to shew how the holy Lord doth abominate and will avenge the other Such as dare come before the Lord in their sins are like a thief that would present himself before the Judge with the fang in his hand There is no man in his right wits saith (r) Mr. Downam spir arm part 3 lib. 2. chaâ— 4. one would come as a suiter unto his Prince and bring his accuser with him who could prove and testifie to his face his treason and rebellion Much less would any man dare to come with the (Å¿) The sins of Gods people were the murderers of the Prince of life and though the high and lofty one be out of the reach of sinners yet every sin is accounted to be interpreratively Dâ—i-cide And no thanks to him who resolutely and deliberately sint against God that his evil extendeth not to God weapon in his hand wherewith he had killed the Kings only Son and heir and resolving theirwith to offer violence to the King himself And there is no (t) Sin is frequently and most fitly in the Scriptures compared to whoredom and our lasts are called our lovers Adultress so shamelesly impudent as to supplicat her husband having still her lover in her armes purposing yet to follow him But if any were so desperate what success might they expect Would not such a Judge King or Husband be avenged of those wretches not only because of their crimes but also because of this their impudence and mockery And yet alas inconsiderat sinners are not afraid to deal thus with the great God but though he long forbear yet vile pot-sheards will not alwayes be suffered thus to mock their Maker and though the Lord will not utterly cast off his elect ones but will at length pull them out of the snare yet their sins will provoke him to hide his face for a while and not to hearken to their prayers so long as they
stop their ears at his reproof and will not turn from their iniquity Ps 66.18 If I regard iniquity in my heart the Lord will not hear me Though now I be assured of my reconciliation and of Gods favour and love and that he hath attended to the voice of my prayer yet saith he if I should sin against him he would turn away my prayer and refuse to answer my desire God will not speak peace to his Saints if they return to folly Ps 85.8 Then and only then shall I not be ashamed and disappointed when I have respect unto all thy commandments Ps 119.6 As if the Psalmist had said however the swine of the world will come from the mire and in their filth draw nigh to thee yet I would not have the fore-head I would blush be ashamed and confounded to look up to thee unless I laboured to walk before thee in all well-pleasing taking heed to my steps and making thy law the rule of all my wayes It s disputed whether gross sins committed against knowledge and conscience be inconsistent wich grace so that when beleevers thus fall they fall away from the state of grace and justification Now though we dare not go alongst with them who stand for the affirmative yet we may safely affirm that such sins yea and every known and allowed sin whatever be the matter and object and though it were never so latent and hidden and so not scandalous do so far make a breach upon the blessed state of justification as that the priviledges and comforts thereof are suspended untill the sinner renew his repentance and forsake and be ashamed of the evil of his doings What did it profit the poor Prodigal that there was bread enough in his fathers house till he came to himself and arose and went to his father Luk 15.17 18. Believers ye are great heirs you have great priviledges and this is not the least you may ask what you will and it will be given you O! then be not so foolish as to sin away your own mercies But though these two be necessarily required and the success of prayer doth very much depend upon them yet they are remote and as it were indirect conditions and qualifications of prayer as belonging rather to the person then to the duty it self and being required rather in him who prayeth then in prayer it self as any cause part property or effect of it But now we come to speak of those requisits which have a more immediat influence upon and reference to this performance 3. Then if thou wouldst pray acceptably and successfully labour to maintain a praying frame and disposition in thy heart 3. Qualification and let not thy lusts or worldly cares deaden and extinguish that live-coal which must inflame thy sacrifice And thus some interpret the exhortation to pray alwayes and without ceasing Eph. 6.18 1 Thess 5.17 as if thereby were commended to us to keep our heart in a continual fitness and readiness to approach to God and present our requests to him and it is granted on all hands that that is implyed in the words though they hold out some more as shall appear Part 3. For how can he pray alwayes supposing that universal particle only to import all seasons and occasions who doth not constantly preserve this praying temper and disposition and who is not alwayes fit and in readiness to go about the duty may not a call and fit season triste with his unfitness and indisposition when the Instrument is out of tune the Musician cannot play or he will make bad melody You will say but Ah! how shall that little coal be kept in it being exposed to so many storms and blasts both from within and without Ans What we are to say Part 3. concerning the cure of deadness and wandring thoughts in prayer may be helpfull for removing and with-holding unfitness and indisposition to pray and now we would only commend these three preservatives of this good disposition and remedies of an evil one viz. 1. Exercise 2. Meditation 3. Watchfullness of which in the following requisite The fourth previous condition and it hath yet a more immediat and actual influence upon the duty then any of the former is preparation 4. Qualification the work is high and great it is difficult and of much concernment we have much lying at the stake and of our selves we are unable and ready to miscarry we had need then to (u) 1 Pet. 1.13 gird up the loins of our mind to call to our (x) Ps 103. soul and all that is within us to make ready for the work to bring in provision for it and to look about us but especially above us for assistance and supply and to improve that word Psa 10.17 and say Lord prepare my heart that thou mayest cause thine ear to hear We have to deal with him who is of (y) Job 37.22 terrible majesty and who must be (z) Levit. 10.3 sanctified in all them who draw nigh to him in any point of worship and therefore we would take (a) Eccl. 5.1 heed to our steps while we are approaching the throne The very pagan Priests before they did offer their material sacrifices to their idol-gods would make some kind of preparation by purging and (b) Hence the proverb accedere ad rem illotis manibus when we go about any husiness without due preparation washing their body especially their hands and feet and by abstinence from diverse kinds of meats and shall we dare to offer up spiritual sacrifices to the true God without pre-meditation And if we would be at some pains before hand to prepare our hearts the work would prove more 1. easie 2. sweet and 3. successfull Our (c) An heavy and slow stying bird Buzzard-like hearts cannot instantly get upon the wing and rise up from the world in which they are often so deeply plunged without more ado and fly up to heaven nay as it is harder to raise a great bell then to ring it after it is up and brought in motion So often it is more difficult to raise up the heart and to prepare it for spiritual duties then to perform them when it is brought to a heavenly frame and if we could alwayes maintain that heat we needed not be at the pains to blow at the coals for recovering of it But Ah! our stony hearts are no sooner removed from the fire but by degrees they return to the r native coldness and therefore whatever other means we make use of for preserving a praying disposition and for fitting and preparing our selves for that solemn work we would not suffer the heart to be too much cooled and deadned through (d) Constant and frequent exercise the first branch of preparation By doing we are fitted to do and to do better with greater facility dis-use and too long biding away from the place where fire from heaven useth to descend If the
prayer and supplication may be for a season totally withdrawn but though the Saints be seldom laid so low yet there may be a partial departure accompanied with many sad effects which may easily be discerned if we reflect upon the several fruits of the Spirit mentioned Part. 1. Chap. 9. and those infirmities which he helpeth and removeth if then 1. thou dost not so prepare thy heart to seek the Lord if 2. thy ends be not so pure and spieitual if 3. thou art unwillingly drawn as it were to the throne rather by the enforcement of conscience then out of love to the duty if 4. thou pray not so frequently nor 5. so fervently and feelingly nor 6. so confidently nor 7. with such complacency and delight if 8. thy communion with God in that ordinance hath not such influence upon thy heart to warm and quicken it and to engage it for the Lord and against sin as sometimes it hath had c. it is an argument that the Spirit hath in part withdrawn It s true the most watchfull and zealous Saints do not alwaies and without interruption enjoy the comforting quickning presence of the Spirit the wind doth not constantly blow after one the same maner upon the most fruitful garden therefore we must not measure our state by some present indisposition unless there be some notable considerable and abiding decay and abatement of our spiritual life but when that is observed we have reason to mourn and to lay to heart our loss and the greater and more eminent and longer continued we should be the more affected and sensible of this evil what a misery and sad judgment was it to Sampson and Saul to have but the common gifts and operations of the Spirit removed from them for as we may suppose Saul never to have had So Sampson never to have been totally deprived of the saving and sanctifying presence of the Spirit we may read their lamentation Jud. 16.28 30. 1 Sam. 28.15 And what is the chiefest measure of gifts and common priviledges and excellencies in respect of the least portion and degree of grace Ah! do not then sit down content when the breathings of the Almighty are withdrawn but go and cry to the (n) Cant. 4.16 north wind to awake and to the south wind to come and (o) If the wind blow not thy ship cannot come to the haven but being tossed to and fro by contrary tides is left to be a prey to pirats blow upon thy garden that the spices thereof may flow out go in faith ye have a promise for your encouragment the Father will give the holy Spirit to them that ask him Luk. 11.13 We will not insist on directions but reserving those in great part to the following Section let us now remember that if the unclean spirit return after he hath been cast out and find the house empty and swept he will enter in again and lay claim to his former possession Mat. 12.44 Nay though the house be not totally desolate yet so much room as he findeth empty he will seek to possess so far as the Spirit withdraweth so much the nearer Sathan approacheth if the Spirit withdraw his holy motions Sathan will improve the advantage and will fill the heart with vain idle impertinent and sinfull motions as Pirats may easily surprize the ship when the Pilot is gone So having entred it and finding it empty they will not fail to loaden and fill it with their trash and stoln wares Sect. 2. What may be the cause of that deadness and indisposition and these wandring thoughts that arise in the heart upon the Spirits departure and what course should be taken for removing this evil and for recovering and maintaining the presence of the Spirit and a praying frame and disposition Psa 81.11 12. But my people would not hearken to my voice and Israel would none of me So I gave them up unto their own hearts lust and they walked in their own counsels Hos 4.11 Whoredom and wine and new wine take away the heart IF the Sun be set and leave our hemisphere it must be night with us and darkness must cover the face of our earth if the soul be separated from the body the man must be dead and coldness must seize upon the liveless carrion So if the Spirit which is our Sun and life depart what darkness deadness and emptiness must be in the soul But as if it were too little to be dead and destitute of life foolish sinners will kill themselves and harden yet more the heart which already is harder then the adamant or flint and when the sun goeth down they will shut the doors and windows yea and pull out their own eyes that they may not see and thus as Seducers in respect of a total privation of life are said to be (a) Jude 12. twice dead So the Saints themselves many a time in respect of their partial deadness and the gradual departure of the Spirit of life may be said to be twice hardned blinded and indisposed for duty Not only doth sin provoke the holy Spirit to depart and thus morally and by way of demerit it stops the fountain of life but also by its poison and venomous nature it doth pollute and infect the heart it leaveth such a blot and tincture upon the soul as disposeth it for blindness and deadness Sin is not only of it self and formally opposit to grace but it maketh upon the heart as it were efficiently such a contrary impression to grace and matterially indisposeth it for a communion with God and spiritual exercises and thus stealeth and taketh a way the heart Hos 4.11 And albeit every sin hath more or less of this malignant quality in it yet their be some sins which in a special maner do produce this wofull effect after which we shall now enquire having in the preceding Section spoken of the former head viz. of the withdrawing of the Spirit and of these sins which did most directly and immediatly bring on that sad stroke but there being such a connexion between our deadness and the departure of the Spirit of life and the causes and cure of (b) Viz. of the with drawing of the Spirit and of our deadness and indisposition for duty both those evils being much alike and the same we may without any culpable confusion here speak to those joyntly especially since we referred to this place one sort of those (c) Viz those causes which did not so directly and by way of indignity and contempt of his office and work but rather condignly and by way of demerit prrooke the Spirit to depart causes which did provoke the Spirit to depart Before we speak of the remedy we will search after the causes which we shall rather name then enlarge and insist on at any length First then as to the causes of deadness indisposition and wandring thoughts in prayer for all these cursed branches may spring
work and motions of his Spirit O! then when ever thou meetest with any new mercy and if thy former enjoyments be continued especially in the day of trial or if thou meet with any stroke and art in any strait danger or difficulty or if the Lord make thee hear a voice within though there were no new occurrence yet if the Lord speak to thy heart and say to thee O! it were fit now to draw nigh to God if thy conscience which is Gods depute challenge thee for thy unkindness and invite thee to the throne c. in these and such like occasions thou art obliged in a special manner to (f) Ps 27.8 seek Gods face but yet it s not enough to improve these special seasons but though no new occasion or special invitation were offered yet 1. because of the hazard we alwaies stand in from Sathan our lusts and an alluring and bewitching world 2. because of our old and from day to day a new contracted guiltiness 3. because of the continual need we stand in of a new supply of grace for doing our duty 4. because of the many mercies both spiritual and temporal which we enjoy and 5. least by our negligence and distance from the Spirit of life deadness and indisposition creep on c. Whensoever we meet with any time of solitariness and are taken off from business and out of the croud of worldly entanglments that is a fit season for conversing with God and trading with heaven such a secret trade may prove very advantagious and soul-enriching when the King is held in the galleries that is a time for delights Cant. 7.5 6. O! what liberty and spiritual fredom will the soul use and express and what boldness and importunity and what heart-ravishing impressions will it find in a secret communion with its beloved O! the sweetness and satisfaction the soul enjoyeth in those secret walks and turns with the King in the galleries yea and the King himself is pleased to express his delight in the secret voices of the spouse rise up my love my fair one and come away as it were out of the croud of the world and let us go apart O my dove that art in the clefts of the rock in the secret places of the stairs let me see thy countenance let me hear thy voice for sweet is thy voice and thy countenance is comely Cant. 2.13 14. It s true the voice of the beloved is sweet where ever it s heard in the market place in the concourse and publick assemblies thou mayest expect to meet with some discoveries of him there thou mayest behold much of his glory and beauty Psa 27.4 Psa 63.2 c. And we will not now make a comparison between publick and private ordinances but if all thy religion consist in publick performances it s an evidence thou never yet reaped the fruit of any publick ordinance for that would drive thee into thy closet and make thee more frequent and fervent in thy private adresses where thou mayest be (g) Isa 25.6 feasted with fat things full of marrow and wines on the lees well refined but if thou neglect a secret communion with God no wonder though leanness be upon thy soul But you will say how often should we thus draw nigh to God Ans The case it self if duly pondred might prevent and exclude such a question 1. because it speaketh of our occasional adresses to God and occasions being so variable there can be as to them no determination 2. because this part of the question is opposit to the former which did hold out a constant course and therefore here we can only in the general say that frequency is required but will not limite any Christian to a set and determinat number But since there is here a great latitude we would consider what should be our measure as those whom the Lord hath freed from the drudgery employments of the world have much more time to spare then ordinary trades-men and labourers So they must one day answer for that precious talent of time how it hath been employed And thus if we improve every season of prayer whether set or occasional if we pray at all occasions and so oft as we have opportunity we pray continually and without ceasing because we omit no season or opportunity of doing yea if any one sort of seasons were observed that might be ground enough for such an expression and 1. as to the set and ordinary season thus Mephibosheth is said to eat bread at Davids table alwaies 2 Sam. 9.7 10. And Jehoiachin to eat continually before the King of Babylon 2 King 25.29 Mephibosheth and Jehoiachin are said to eat alway and continually where they did eat ordinarily and at the usual time of eating And thus also in a case much like to the present Exod. 29.42 the daily sacrifice is called a continuall burnt offering and thus the learned (h) Quum Dominus dixerit oportet semper orare non deficere Apostolus sine intermissione orate sanctissime sic accipitur ut nullo die intermittantur certa tempora orandi Aug. de haeres cap. 57. Austine thinketh the most genuine interpretation of the exhortation to pray alwaies to be that we should daily keep a constant course of prayer And then 2. as to an occasional season of doing though very accidental and variable yet if it be observed it will warrant such an universality and thus Solomons servants are said to stand consinually before him 1 King 10.8 while as they did either stand or walk go or come as occasion required and their place and employment called them to And thus it may appear that to do a thing in its season and when the fit opportunity whether set or occasional doth offer is according to the phrase of Scripture to do ever alway continually or without ceasing especially when both seasons concur and are observed as ought to be in the present case 3. There is here an universality in respect of the subject the supplicant his condition state and exigence so that thus to pray alwaies is nothing else but to pray in every condition in (i) In omni tempore perinde valet atque tam sccundis rebns quam adversis Calvin in Eph. 6.18 prosperity in adversity in the time of health and sickness c. Is any afflicted let him pray Jaâ— 5.13 hath any man an abundance of creature-comfores and enjoyments let him pray for the blessing the sanctified use and continuance of them 1 Tim. 3.4 5. Prayer is a medicine for every malady a tool for every trade and a companion in every state and condition its (k) 1 Tim. 4.8 useful for all things and it s our duty to improve and use it at (l) In every time of need saith Dr. Hammond on Eph. 6. â—18 and what is that condition and state that doth not need and require the help of prayer all times Concl. 5. To pray continually importeth
they set the supposed mercy to the right hond as it 〈◊〉 were and desire that it may be preferred but the Lord often c. the right hand on Ephraim and prefer him to Manasseh And thus it may appear that though the particular be not given yet the prayer may not only be said to be accepted and heard but also answered though we desire not to contend for words yet we think that when ever the Lord heareth then he may be said to answer because his hearing is never separated from his speaking for either then he stayeth the heart with this spiritual peace or secretly upholdeth the supplicant that he faint not or some one way or other doth him good but if any will refer the answer of prayer to a sensible manifestation of Gods hand either by giving what was askt or making some notable compensation and exchange we will not debate such a nominal question but its certain the Lord may accept and hearken to thy prayer a long tâ—me before thou meet with any such sensible manifestation of his acceptance But wo (k) Isa 3.11 to the wicked when shall they hear of their prayers though many mercies be â—â—spensed to them by the hand of a common providence yet â—â—ching in mercy and as a return of their supplications though they have a câ—vil â—â—ght which no man dare challenge to what they enjoy and whatever grant and donation from the Lord or tenure by his providence they can pretend yet they by their ingratitude and abuse of these mercies which they have empâ—oyed as so many weapons to fight against tâ—e Gâ—ver have forfeited all that right and may every moment be thrust out of all their possessions as tennents at will and certainly one day the heir (l) Heb 1.2 of all things will reckon with them as theeves and usurpers for medling with and taking possession of his goods without his licence and for not acknowledging his propriety by employing them for his honour yea and often here he reckoneth with such they sit in slippery places Psa 73.18 they are not like the people of God who dwelleth in a sure habitation Isa 32.18 as the whirl-wind passeth So is the wicked no more but the righteous is an everlasting foundation Prov. 10.25 the wicked get none of the sure mercies of David promised to the Elect Isa 55.3 but snares fire brimstone and an horrible tempest is the portion of their cup they cannot promise to themselves an hours security from such a storm they know not how soon the Lord will thus rain upon them Psa 11.6 The right of providence is a mutable title and foundation revocable at pleasure the Lord may change his work and the dispensations of providence when he will but he cannot change nor alter his Word and break his promise upon which the mercies of the Saints are founded and therefore their mercies are (m) Mercies given in return to prayer are 1. real 2. stable 3. costly 4. pure 5. witnessing 6. promising real and stable they are sure because they have such an immutable ground as the Word of God and they are the mercies of David and therefore they are real because they are given for the merit and intercession of the typified David they come to them through the covenant of promise whereby the forfeiture is taken off and the curse removed their mercies are meâ—â—â—es indeed and no wonder they being so costly though cheap to us they are the purchase of blood they stood Christ at a dear rate they are pure mercies the blessing of the Lord taketh away the sting and thorns from them Prov. 10.22 they are witnessing and sealing mercies they are as so many testimonies of the love of our Father and of the acceptance of our prayers and they are (n) Every one of the Saints mercies may be called Gad for a troop cometh promising mercies and pledges of more yea and of all things whatsoever we shall stand in need of But the wicked are not so they are fed as oxen for the slaughter and their mercies are as so many fore-runners of their wo and misery their blessings are cursed and their mercies given in wrath and in judgment Sect. III. How we may know 1. whether the Lord hath heard our prayers when he deniethor delayeth to give what we asked and 2. whether the mercies we receive be the fruits of Gods general bounty conveyed to us by the hand of common providence or given in love as a gracious return to our prayers Psa 66.19 Verily God hath heard me he hath attended to the voice of my prayer WE will not stay to prove that the Saints may discern the Lords voice while he answereth their prayers there being so many instances hereof in the Word and that not only when he giveth the particular mercy they petitioned as to David Psa 116.1 2. Psa 66.19 Hannah 1 Sam. 1.27 c. but also when the particular is with-held as from Paul who yet discerned the Lords voice and what he said in answer to his prayers 2 Cor. 12.9 Neither will it be needfull to show that we should hearken to the Lords voice and observe what he saith 1. for strengthening our faith by such experiences of the Lords bounty and fidelity 2. that we may pay our vows and return to him the sacrifice of praise and 3. that a new engagement may be laid upon our heart to improve his mercies to the honour of his Name But all the difficulty lieth in this how and by what means we may discern when the Lord speaketh and when he is silent at our prayers and we will find the case more difficult as to its first branch viz. when the Lord with-holdeth or delayeth to give what we askt because we must then wrestle against sense and carnal reason but yet there is difficulty enough to discern from what fountain and by what means our mercies come when we get what we desired We shall speak to both those branches of the question which hath been propounded by several practical Divines but the first so far as we know who at any length hath handled this case is the judicious Mr. (a) Goodw. return of prayer chap. 5 6 7 8 9. Goodwin to whom (b) Such as Mr. Fenner sâ—rm on Lam. 3.57 Isaac Ambros in mediis Chris Love zeal Chris Gurnal part 1. pag. 43. and part 3 pag. 362. others have added little or nothing but none hath spoken so fully therefore we shall only name some few particulars referring to him for their larger explication adding but a word of observation for the right improvement of these rules And first we will speak to the case in general and then to its several branches 1. then by these and such like marks we may know that our prayers are accepted and heard whether the particular we desired be given or not as 1. (c) Goodw. ch 5. observations taken from before and in praying when the Lord stirreth the hearr
at or about that very time when thou art most instant and earnest in prayer for it as Peter was sent from prison to the Church while they were assembled to pray for him Act. 12.12 2. if in the most fit and acceptable time as first when thou hast most need and thy extremity is great as Peters delivery in that night which Herod had decreed should be his last Secondly to encourage thee against some new trial and conflict Thirdly when thy heart is most weaned from such a temporal mercy and thus thy heart is fitted to receive and improve it which otherwise might have proven a wofull snare and might have become thine Idol if it had been given before the inordinacy of thy affection was cured as the Lord doth not with-hold such mercies from his servants out of want of love So neither so much for what is (i) Former sint if bewailed and pardoned do not hinder the success of prayer past as for the present evil disposition of their hearts and to keep them from hurt thereby 3. If we see the Lord observe as it were some proportion in his dealing with our prayers and walk as there is often a proportion between sin and the punishment of it So between our work and reward and thus when thy desires were spiritual and thy prayers fervent thy success in business was proportionable but now thou art grown faint in prayer and negligent in thy walk and all thy hopes are as it were dasht and now while (l) Exod. 17.11 Meses his hands fall down Amaleck prevaileth if as the more pure and spiritual thy ends in praying were the mercy proveth the more pure and stable and the less zeal and fervency thou expressed in prayer and the more self-interest did prevail the more of bitterness and worm-wood is mingled with the mercy when granted c. and how should the consideration hereof that the Lord will notwithstanding our failings yet regard and in some manner answer our prayers and discover his hand that he takes notice of our way and walk how should this 1. humble us for our manifold failings and not regarding the Lords hand 2. stir us up to thankfulness for thus warning and waiting upon us and filling our hands with so many mercies 3. provoke us to diligence and circumspection zeal and sincerity in every part of his worship and in our whole course and conversation 4. We may discern whether our mercies be given in answer to our prayers by their (m) Ibid. cha 8. effects upon the heart as 1. if they prove not fewel to feed thy lusts but do rather kindle thy zeal for and love to God if they draw thy heart nearer to him and make thee rejoyce more in his favour discovered by the giving of such or such a mercy then in the thing it self and to prize it as a greater mercy that thy prayer hath been heard then that such an outward thing hath been given 2. If the receiving of mercies enlargeth thy heart with thankfulness self-love makes us more forward to pray then to give thanks but thankfulness of all duties proceeds most from pure grace if then the Spirit of grace doth stir thee up to praise God for his mercies he hath helped thee to pray and to obtain such a mercy by thy prayer it must then be a good sign that a mercy hath been won by prayer when it is worn with thankfulness 3. If the receiving of mercies make thee carefull 1. to pay thy vows made in prayer and 2. to improve what thou hast received to the honour of the Giver it is an evidence that such mercies have come from God otherwise they would not thus lead in to him 4. If thou look over second causes by faith acknowledging his sole hand who governeth and ordereth second causes according to his pleasure it is an evidence of thy dependence on him and that thou hast prayed in faith and so must have prevailed 5. If the mercy obtained encourage thee to continue in prayer and in all other cases to run to God making thee say with him therefore will I call upon God so long as I live Psa 116. 1 2. if it quicken thy diligence and strengthen thy faith in prayer it s a token the Lord hath spoken and thou hast heard his answer 6. If with the mercy there come some evidence of love if the Lord smile upon thee and lift up the light of his countenance and intimat his favour there will be no place left for doubting since thou hast not only a love-token but a letter also with it to bear witness of his love And 7. the event will bring with it an additional confirmation that such a mercy hath been obtained and sanctified by prayer if it prove a real and stable mercy if the trouble vexation and snare that otherwise might accompany it be removed it may be an evidence that it is a blessing indeed Prov. 10.22 Now for the right (n) A Caution improvement of these directions I deny not that these and the like particulars deserve our serious consideration and when they occur may be helpfull for discovering the Lords mind in his dispensations towards us but we would distinguish and put a difference between those necessary qualifications of prayer which are required on our part and which belong to the performance it self and so are indispensably required at our hands and between those gracious dispensations which the Lord according to his meer good pleasure may impart or with-hold As to the 1. we would carefully observe those directions that concern our duty for if we be negligent in prayer and in those other duties that relate thereto or if we be loose in our walk we may fear the rod but cannot expect a gracious return to our formal prayers But 2. as to those signs that depend upon the good pleasure of the Lord to bestow or not we would beware of curiosity in requiring expecting or looking to much after them and of rashness and presumption in laying too much weight upon them if they shou d occur Therefore the safest and surest course must be not to lean too much to sensible demonstrations of providence but rather to reflect on Gods Word both on the word of promise and precept and according to that rule to judge of our prayers and their success and thus though we can espy no ground of hope and encouragment from any dispensation of providence yet if we find our prayers run parallel with the promise and the qualifications and conditions thereto annexed and that we have prayed according to the will of God both as to the matter and manner of performance we need not doubt of their success whether we have gotten the particular we askt or not But here it may be enquired whether those mercies which the Saints receive when they are on the declining hand and are negligent in their walk and cold and formal in their prayers be given in
not up our goings in his paths our feet would quickly slip Ps 17.5 If his right hand did not uphold us we could not follow after him Ps 63.8 There being 1. from within so much weakness and 2. so much indisposition and deadness yea and 3. so much contrariety opposition and enmity the flesh continually lusting and warring against the spirit and though there were no more this last were enough to render us unable to do Gal. 5.17 The old man waxing strong proveth a tyrant and often bindeth the new man hand and foot and leadeth him captive to the law of sin Rom. 7.23 Nay and 4. From without many and subtile snares and tentations from the world And 5. mighty and strong assaults from the (y) Luk. 11.21 strong-man that (z) 1 Pet. 5 8. roaring Lyon Sathan continually laying siege to the soul and storming it with fierce and fresh assaults from time to time so that we must not with Pelagians and (a) Though Jesuits and Arminians admit a moral perâ—wasion and som illuminati on of the mind and understanding yet they deny any power and strength to be communicated and imparted to the will and executive faculties Arminians think that the Spirt doth concur with and assist us in our spiritual performances according to that concurrence that is given to natural agents in their operations for they have a sufficient and compleat power and ability in their own rank and order for doing their works and producing their several effects though as creatures they be indigent and dependent both in being and working in esse operari As the infinit arm of the Almighty must uphold them otherwise they must instantly evanish and return to their mother nothing that womb from which they did come so that same arm of divine providence must help them and concur with them otherwise they can do nothing But yet a general concurrence and common work of providence is sufficient to (b) Viz. to actuat determinando and to assist concurrendo actuat and assist them they being in their own kind compleat agents and sufficiently thus proportionated for their several works and operations But the new man is a weak creature and hath no strength of himself to walk he is an incompleat agent and not able to work unlesse he get a continual supply of strength from heaven not only to actuat and assist the little strength and activity he hath but also to compleat and perfect the principle and fountain unless new water be put into our cisterns there can no water be drawn from them and therefore the Spirit doth not only actuat and concur but also supply the weakness impotency and defect of the cause it self in all our spiritual â—ctions And particularly as to prayer both in reference to innate weakness indisposition blindness opposition c. and to outward tentations and assaults there be several things which the Spirit doth perform and to speak now to the present point of corroboration and assistance as distinguished from the two following viz. the illumination and imboldning of the soul which also belong to this general head of supply and help but for distinctions cause shall be handled by themselves we shall not here speak of that common and as I may call it accidental supply which though it be required for the further perfection of the work yet is not necessary for its prevalency and acceptance as variety and plenty of matter decent and apt expressions and what else belongs to prayer as a gift of which we have already spoken But we shall now speak of the proper and more necessary supply whereby the Spirit doth provide and furnish help and assist the soul to all these (c) Spiritus sanctus non solum docet sed etiam monet movet docet rationem monet memoriam movet voluntatem docet ut sciamus sug gerit ut volimus roborat ut possimus Gerhard harm evang cont cap. 76. Illuminat mentem bominis ad intelligendum voluntatem instammat ad amandum virtutem ac robur praestat ad exequendum Dyd Alexandr desp S. apud eundum requisits and gracious qualifications to which the promise is made and which may promove the efficacy and acceptance of prayer and though none of these be common and no crumb of this bread which is the childrens allowance be at any time casten to the dogs all of them being spiritual and good of themselves yet some of them are more essential and necessary then others and in all of them there is a latitude some having these in a greater measure and degree then others yea one and the same supplicant may now find them in a greater and afterwards in a lesse measure and gradual perfection but we will not now stay on a comparison nor enquire what qualifications are necessary to the acceptance of prayer what not but remitting that question to Part. 2. chap. 3. we shall now speak to the point and since the qualification of prayer as of every duty may be measured 1. by the object 2. by its end and principles and 3. by its manner of performance so we shall consider prayer under all these respects and relations 1. Then as to the matter and object of prayer though we have some gift of apprehension and fancy whereby we may find variety of matter yet unlesse the Spirit illuminat the understanding and make a discovery of the excellency and expediency of fit objects how ready are we to mistake as shall be shown in the third particular But here we would show how the Spirit upon that discovery determins the will to close with and make choyce of fit objects and having thus enflamed the heart with love to spiritual objects and moderated our thirst after the creature he sends us to the throne with sutable desires and enableth us to ask what is good for us and agreeable to the will of God Rom. 8.27 Secondly as to the ends and principles we will not separate these two because we are not now speaking of physical principles but of moral viz. those motives which per modum finis do attract and draw alongst the heart and allure it to the duty especially those three which we find conjoyned 1 Tim. 1.5 where also they are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the end of the commandment and may also be called the end of our obedience endeavours and performances which are so many evidences and fruits of and means to strengthen them viz. faith (d) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 love and conscience of our obligation and the duty we ow to God both by way of debt as his creatures and gratitude as his favourits and objects of his love and bounty and this our obedience becometh not a task a hard or unpleasant service and work especially since further it is sweetned by love and 2. by the expectation of a new reward whereof faith is an assurance and it is the work of the Spirit of
God to purifie our hearts by faith and love 1 Tim. 1.14 Eph. 6.23 and to sprinkle them from an evil conscience by the blood of Christ (e) See Diodat on the place Heb. 10 21. As to that which more properly and principally is called and should be the last and ultimat end of all our prayers and performances viz. the glory of God it is above the reach of corrupt nature to aim at such a noble mark but every one while in that state must with them Phil. 2.21 seek their own and not the things of Christ Ah! our ease honours pleasures and wealth naturally are our idols these are our great end and we cannot desire or ask any thing from God unlesse with a design to (f) Jam. 4.3 consume what we receive upon our lusts and thus we are too apt to desire God to help us to sin against him to put a weapon in our hand whereby we might fight against him and to provide fewel for our lustâ— (g) Jam. 3.6 which are set on fire of hell Nay self is the last and great aim of our most refined desires of grace and glory untill the Spirit purifie our affections and elevate them to a more high and noble end and enable us to obey the exhortation 1 Cor 10 31. and honestly to seek the glory of God and to propose it as our scope in all our actions and performances doing whatsoever we go about heartily as to the Lord and not to men whether our selves or others Col. 3.23 3. As to the manner what 1. reverence 2. tenderness 3. importunity 4. fervency 5. watchfulness 6 sincerity c. is in our prayers must (h) Quia autem persunctorie vulgo oramus addit in spiritu ac si diceret tantum esse pigritiaâ— tantum que srigus carnis nostrae ut rite orare nemo queat nisi spiritu Dei exâ— citatus nam hinc solicitudo hinc â—rdor vehementia hinc alactitas hinc fiducia c. Calvin in Jud. 20. come from above our barren ground cannot yield such fruit what cold and dead performances what loathsom and abominable sacrifices have we to offer to the Lord untill the Spirit of Christ who is our life Col. 3.4 breath in some life and heat into our (i) When the Spirit comes it is a time of life the Christians affections spring iâ— his besome at bis voice as the babe in Elizabeth aâ— the salutation of the Virgin Mary or as he strings under the musiciâ—ns hand stir and speak harmoniously so do all the Saints affectionâ— at the secret touch of the Spirit Gurn. spir arm part 3. pag. 580. affections those who have the naked gift but want the Spirit of prayer though they may have matter enough and plenty of words yet they want a heavenly desire which is the soul of prayer there is meat enough before them but they want an appetice there are bullocks and rams enough for sacrifice but where is the fire a lifeless carrion is not such an object of pity as a dead formal prayer I do not deny that (k) Numb 23.10 Balaam may (l) Every desire of grace is not spiritual and saving nor an evidence of grace desire to dye the death of the righteous carnal men may have some velleities and wouldings some lazy languishing and selfish desires after grace and happiness but no man ever did or is able without the help of the Spirit to come to the length of 1. a permanent and habituall 2. an operative efficacious and prevailing over corruption vigorous and restlesse till it be satisfied and 3. a pure and spirituall desire of grace and holynesse of Christ for himself because of his excellency of a crucified and persecuted of a naked and despised Christ of holynesse because of its beauty and conformity to the Law and will of God Nay but there was so much drosse in the best refined desires and prayers of the most Saint-like formalist as did not only obscure but consume the Gold so that the most expert artist was never able from thence to extract the least grain that could abide the triall though alas there be too many mountebanks and boasting chymists who therewith are deluded and would cozen the world with such brasse and counterfeit mettall with the shadow in stead of the substance condemning all these as too precise who do not think such coyn good enough for carrying on a trade with heaven and for eternity Thus the blessed Spirit worketh sutably to his name and maketh us in some measure (m) Rom. 8.29 conformable to his own image he Spiritualizeth our carnall earthly and selfish desires or rather in stead of these doth (n) Coloss 3.10 Eph. 10. creat in us new and heavenly affections which being offered up to God are our spirituall Sacrifice and therefore (o) 1 Pet. 2.5 acceptable to God through Jesus Christ they are spirituall not only in respect of the principall efficient the holy spirit and 2. in respect of the subject a renewed spirit put in us but also 3. in respect of the object 4. in respect of the motive principle and end and 5. in respect of the maner of performance Now we come to third act of the Spirit whereby he enlightneth the blind eye and regulats directs and pointeth out the right object of our desires ah we know not what to ask we are ready to ask a stone instead of bread till the Spirit come with his help and teach us to ask what is good and expedient for us and agreable to the will of God Rom. 8.26 27. Unlesse the Spirit 1. anoint our eyes that they may behold and discerne 2. present the object 3. manifest and discover its beauty andexcellency and 4. stay our wandâ—ing eye and hold it to the object nor suffering it to stray and slip we will not think on spirituall things nor are we able to contemplat their excellency and so they will not become amiable and desirable to us and though we get a flight view of them yet we soon weary in beholding such an Object till the Spirit stay our unstable spirits and maâ—â— us ponder more seriously and still presse the honey-comb till it drop sweetness unlesse the Lord be our pilot and guid unlesse he direct and order our thoughts we neither know what to desire nor how to ask What need have we then with the Apostle 2 Thes 3.5 to pray that the Lord would direct our hearts not only unto the love of God which is one of the particulars there instanced but also to the love and desire of every thing whereby our communion with God may be promoved and our happinesse in enjoying of him for our portion may be secured and evidenced to our hearts 4. The Spirit filles the heart with reverentiall boldness and confidence in its adresses to God the sense of guilt may make the holiest Saint on earth with p Adam be afraid of God and tremble at his