no other in the Heart for it is sufficient by touching the Arteries to know the vital strength especially in regard the motion of the pulse is answerable to that of the Heart Also the Defect of the Heart is known by the breathing In the pangs of Death there is extream weakness Extream weakness in the hour of death which is more or less longer or shorter In which although the conflict between life and death or Convulsions the Members are moved yet the strength is gone And the pulse intermitteth and ceaseth like the flame of a Candles end that somtimes blazeth with a little refreshment from the grease but goeth out again when that is wanting And the motion of the Heart and Breathing are much stirred up in the Agony before they cease so that the whol breast is shaken and the Nostrils moved the body sweats and farteth which caused the Poets to say the Soul went out And death being at hand the heat leaves the external remote parts as Hands Feet Nose by degrees and the rest while the breast is warm a while til all the breath ceaseth the mouth and Eyes remaining open and the body turned like a clay colour we are certain the Soul hath left the body Sometimes while the man liveth the strength is taken away for a time Syncope or Swooning and all the Functions of the whol body suddenly Pulse and Motion ceasing so that it cannot be felt at least In the Disease called Deliquium Lipothymy or Lipopsychy in Greek if it be great 't is called Syncope And then all breath is gone so that you cannot perceive it by a Feather applied to the Nose or the like which may be stopped in this case only during the Fit while the motion of the heart is staied and hath no need of Breathing without Death But while the the Heart moveth it cannot want Breath because it procureth vital spirits In this Syncope they fall suddenly only with a noise in the Ears or hissing the strength being lost as in an Apoplexy if the Syncope be great but they differ in this that in the Apoplexy the Heart and Arteries beat and they breath though with difficulty and obscurity There is also a cold sweat called Snycoptical or Diaphoretick not from the digested substance of solid things but from the conflict of nature and the dissipation of the Spirits which is so great that not only thin humors but also the Dung and Urin break forth And because then heat vanisheth from the outward parts there is a cold sweat remaining and a paleness all over in those places that should be red by nature shewing it self first in the Lipps Somtimes there is a particular weakness when the internal or external Organs are deprived Particular weakness and it is called the weakness of that part not every weakness that comes from a Disease but as shal be shewed in the causes that which comes from the loss of the flourishing vertue Such as is sometimes in the Stomach Liver Brain Eyes Joynts or Members which shal be spoken of in those accidents which are produced thereby The Causes The Cause of all failing of strength The cause of all want of strength is in the vital spirit in man when it is not nourished with another spirit or moisture or consumed fainting and weakness of particular parts dependeth upon the inbred and inhaerent spirit of the similary parts which makes the spiritual substance of parts as they call it and giveth living vertue or life and strength and heat which is natural This natural spirit or heat being inbred in every substance of parts as in the Heart which though it abound with other yet hath this in it as necessary for life hath need to be continually nourished and renewed by the vital spirit made in the left ventricle of the Heart and communicated to all the parts by the Arteries as to the substance of the Heart by the coronary Arteries called the influent spirit that it might be the matter that sustains the innate spirit and because it easily disperseth it ought to be in great plenty through the body And hence is it that the heart being the shop where that spirit is made alwaies stands in need of Air and Blood whereof it is made Wherefore if they be wanting or but little there is one cause why strength faileth As when for want of breath the heart wants Air then Death follows except its motion were hindered by other causes as shal be shewed in the causes of swooning Because the Heart being dilated by motion often not filled with matter for vital sptrits dieth And this cannot befall it while it moveth not because it may subsist a while with its own spirits as other parts So we shewed in a Syncope wherein they revive after a long stopping of the breath But seeing Blood mixed with Air in the Lungs affordeth fit matter for animal spirits if it be consumed by great want of nourishment or Arrophy or stopped in the Vessels so that it cometh not to the parts there must be weakness But no man living can be so without blood that the Lungs should be so empty which usualhave so much or the Vessels that are so large by which the Blood is carried with Air from the Heart should be so obstructed Only strength fails in this respect that spirits are not made or being made they are suddenly dissipated which causeth the innate spirits to subsist no longer And that either when they altogether vanish and leave the body as in the Agony of Death or they depart for a time from the Heart and return again as in swooning Or when they are fewer then are necessary as in Weakness Also strength must needs fail when there is want of substance making moisture in regard the innate spirit is nourished not only with the infinent spirit but by radical moisture which consumeth dayly And so it is the occasion of Death or Weeknesâ— as it is wanting in the Heart where it is the proper nourishment of the spirit or in any other parts But if the innate spirit caâ—â—ed the spiritual substance of the parts or called the natural heat be extinguished or weakened or any part cold Then if it be in the Heart which hath as I shewed its proper native heat or innate spirit besides the vital which it aboundeth with otherwise there had been no coronal Arteries and be spent Death follows but if it be diminished there is a general faintness of the whol body as a particular weakness of some other member if it be in them But now I shal shew what causeth the dissipation of both the innate spirit called native heat and of the Influent spirit by which it is susteined And how the humor that feeds it is consumed by natural and adventitious courses They who have more innate spirit or natural heat The constipation of radical moisture through age is the cause of weakness and radical moisture are more strong
with a plentiful Diarrhaea The Method of Cure for both is The Cure of a true Pleurisis and Peripneumony to divert the Blood that flows to this noble part so to prepare that which is flown to the Lungs and inflames them that it may be coughed and spet forth because except Nature do it of her self it is in vain to purge it by Urin or Stool Also still abate the pain in the Pleurisie which is very pricking and in both cases inlarge the Breast and hold up the strength alwaies having an eye to to the Fever as we shewed in Fevers therefore abstain from hot things and use temperate things that incline rather to cold all which are done as followeth The Defluxion of Blood to the part is diverted best by Blood-letting and the heat of the Fever abated therefore neglect it not though the Patient be very young for we observe that in other cases and bleedings by cuts and falls they can loose much blood without danger and in this Disease they wil find much ease by it nor let it be omitted in women with Child or old People nor when the Disease comes from impure and cholerick blood nor when the pain goes down to the Hypochondria But for these causes do it moderately rather than omit it Blood-letting must be suddenly while the matter is flowing the first day at what time of day or night soever it be or if it hath been neglected do it the next or the third day taking much at a time or six ounces at a time often if the first bleeding do not abate the Disease bleed then thrice a day or two or three daies together after the third or fourth day except you fear the increase of the Discase or a Relapse from a new Flux of Blood for which cause after many daies if there be strength you may bleed again you must not bleed rashly You must open a Vein in the Arm because the Veins are larger and neerer the part either the middle Vein or that which most appeareth which is alwaies best And what vein soever in the Arm is opened whether it be on the right or left side the blood comes from the hollow Vein from whose upper part above the heart the veins of the Arm come and therfore by consequence blood is drawn from the right side of the Heart into which the hollow Vein is joyned before it ascendeth and so also blood is drawn from the Lungs by the veiny Artery by which the blood flows from the right side of the Heart to the Lungs Except because the hollow vein is more on the right side and sends blood into the right side of the Heart and only sends out the vein without equal or not paired to the right side only you desire to open the Vein in the right Arm for a directer way of bleeding which some think to be necessary in a Peripneumony and Pleurisie Yet in a Pleurisie it is thought better to open a vein on that side that is pained than on the contrary side as the Arabians do who first open the contrary Arm for Revulsion and then for Derivation not only from the right order and direct flowing of the Vessels on that side because the same may be good in a Pleurisie as wel as a Peripneumony the Lungs being as I shewed affected in both but because in a Pleurisie the veins on that side where the pain is are more swollen with blood Therefore if the pain be on the right side open the Vein in the right Arm if on the left open the vein in the left Arm by reason of the Defluxion of blood caused through pain And if the Vein in the Arm appear not open that in the Hand on the same side by which if the blood come freely there will be a greater Revulsion and if not a less Also it is good to bleed in the Foot or by the Fingers after bleeding in the Arm especially in Women who have this disease from stopping of the terms Cupping-glasses to the Shoulders Emunctuaries and Groyns make Revulsion and the more if there be Scarification these help the other bleeding or supply when the other cannot be Also Frictions and Ligatures of the outward parts cause Diversion or a Decoction to wash and rub the Hands and Feet but it must be such as doth not heat Some adventure to use a Caustick to the sids but it is neither safe nor profitable nor Cupping-glalsses to the Breast Clysters are given to loosen the Belly before bleeding if it be bound they are to be cooling and gentle such as are mentioned in Fevers and other internal Inflammations and Quninsie And some advise clensing Clysters at the end of the Disease if the matter tend from the Breast to the Guts lest it should hurt them which they think to be possible Loosners are better than purgers for it is not convenient in Inflammations of the Breast to give purgers both because the matter cannot be purged by stool from thence as also because they heat the body and cause a Diarrhaea which useth easily to come with much hurt to the patient These Laxatives must be good for the Breast whereof Manna is the chief Next syrup of Violets three ounces or Cassia or simple Diaprunes two ounces alone or with pectoral Decoction Or thus Take sweet prunes Raisons stoned each an ounce Violets a pugil boyl and dissolve Cassia half an ounce Manna an ounce make a potion After the seventh day the Ancients used stronger purges the humor being first prepared but these are best in a false pleurisie as I shewed or if the true pleurisie ceaseth they are good against accidents that remain otherwise they hurt more We give to drink things that cause easie Coughing and Spitting because the Humor being fastned to the Lungs and not to the Membranes girding them can-cannot be sent a better way This is done by Lenitives to the parts and such as first thicken the Matter to stop the Flux of Blood if it be thin and to make it more fit to be spit forth and then by Concocters Clensers and Cutters if it be too thick and slimy Or by things to ripen and cause matter to be spet forth lest it lying long there the Lungs be corrupted by it and a phthisis caused Or if Nature endeavors to throw it out by stool or Urin which is rare and perhaps a meer Fansie by such things as help Nature therein These are done as followeth Lohochs to be swallowed by degrees and so communicate their Vertue better to the Lungs are the best As the usual tablets of Diatragacanth frigid and Dia penidies without the species held in the Mouth Or a Lohoch made of them with syrup of Jujubes or Violets to be licked Or this Take the species of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Penidies a dram with the Syrup aforsaid make a Lohoch adding half an ounce of the Diacodium if the Cough be great others add Conesrve of Violets but it is
Platerus GOLDEN Practice of Physick Fully and Plainly Discovering I. All the Kinds of every Disease II. The several Causes of every Disease III. Their most proper Cures in respect to the Kinds and several Causes from whence they Come After a New Easie and Plain Method of Knowing Foretelling Preventing and Curing all Diseases Incident to the Body of Man Full of Proper Observations and Remedies Both of Ancient and Modern Physitians In Three Books and Five Tomes or Parts Being the Fruits of one and thirty years Travel And fifty years Practice of Physick By Felix Plater Chief Physitian and Professor in Ordinary at Basil Abdiah Cole Doctor of Physick and the Liberal Arts. Nich. Culpeper Gent. Student in Physick and Astrology LONDON Printed by Peter Cole Printer and Book-seller at the Sign of the Printing-press in Cornhill near the Royal Exchange 1664. Books Printed by Peter Cole at the Exchange London Viz. 1. A GOLDEN Practice of Physick plainly discovering the Kinds with the several Causes of every Disease And their most proper Cures in respect to the Causes from whence they come after a new easie and plain Method of Knowing Foretelling Preventing and Curing all diseases Incident to the Body of Man Full of proper Observations and Remedies both of Ancient and Modern Physitians Being the Fruit of One and Thirty years Travel and fifty years Practice of Physick By Dr. Plater Dr. Cole and Nich. Culpeper 2. Sennertus Practical Physick the first Book in three Parts 1. Of the Head 2. Of the Hurt of the internal Senses 3. Of the external Senses in five Sections 3. Sennertus Practical Physick the second Book in four Parts 1. Of the Jaws and Mouth 2. Of the Breast 3. Of the Lungs 4. Of the Heart 4. Sennertus Third Book of Practical Physick in fourteen Parts treating 1. Of the Stomach and Gullet 2. Of the Guts 3. Of the Mesentery Sweetbread and Omentum 4. Of the Spleen 5. Of the Sides 6. Of the Scurvey 7. and 8. Of the Liver 9. Of the Ureters 10. Of the Kidnies 11. and 12. Of the Bladder 13. and 14. Of the Privities and Generation in men 5. Sennertus fourth Book of Practical Physick in three Parts Part 1. Of the Diseases in the Privities of Women The first Section Of Diseases of the Privie Part and the Neck of the Womb. The second Section Of the Diseases of the Womb. Part 2. Of the Symptoms in the Womb and from the Womb. The second Section Of the Symptoms in the Terms and other Fluxes of the Womb. The third Section Of the Symptoms that befal al Virgins and Women in their Wombs after they are ripe of Age. The fourth Section Of the Symptoms which are in conception The fifth Section Of the Government of Women with Child and preternatural distempers in women with Child The sixth Section Of Symptoms that happen in Child-bearing The seventh Section Of the Government of Women in Child-bed and of the Diseases that come after Travel The first Section Of Diseases of the Breasts The second Section Of the Symptoms of the Breasts To which is added a Tractate of the Cure of Infants Part 1. Of the Diet and Government of Infants The second Section Of Diseases and Symptoms in Children 6. Sennertus fifth Book of Practical Physick Or the Art of Chirurgery in six Parts 1. Of Tumors 2. Of Ulcers 3. Of the Skin Hair and Nails 4. Of Wounds with an excellent Treatise of the Weapon Salve 5. Of Fractures 6. Of Luxations 7. Sennertus sixth and last Book of Practical Physick in nine Parts 1. Of Diseases from occult Qualities in general 2. Of occult malignant and venemous Diseases arising from the internal fault of the humors 3. Of occult Diseases from water Air and Infections and of infectious Diseases 4. Of the Venereal Pox. 5. Of outward Poysons in general 6. Of Poysons from Minerals and Metals 7. Of Poysons from Plants 8. Of Poysons that come from Living Creatures 9. Of Diseases by Witchcraft Incantation and Charms 8. Sennertus Treatise of Chymistry shewing the Agreement and Disagreement of Chymists and Galenists 9. Sennertus two Treatises 1. Of the Pox. 2. Of the Gout 10. Sennertus thirteen Books of Natural Philosophy Or the Nature of all things in the World 11. Twenty four Books of the Practice of Physick being the Works of that Learned and Renowned Doctor Lazarus Riverius Physitian and Counsellor to the late King c. 12. Idea of Practical Physick in twelve Books 13. Bartholinus Anatomy with very many larger Brass Figures than any other Anatomy in English 14. Veslingus Anatomy of the Body of Man 15. Riolanus Anatomy 16. A Translation of the new Dispensatory made by the Colledg of Physitians of London in Folio and in Octavo Whereunto is added The Key of Galen's Method of Physick 17. A Directory for Midwives or a guide for Women The First and Second Part. 18. Galens Art of Physick 19. A new Method both of studying and practising Physick 20. A Treatise of the Rickets 21. Medicaments for the Poor Or Physick for the Common People 22. Health for the Rich and Poor by Diet without Physick 23. One thousand New Famous and Rare Cures in Folio and Octavo 24. A Treatise of Pulses and Urins 25. A Treatise of Blood-letting and Cures performed thereby 26. A Treatise of Scarification and Cures performed thereby 27. The English Physitian Enlarged The London Dispensatory in Folio of a great Character in Latin 28. The London Dispensatory in Latin a small Book in Twelves 29. A New Art of Physick by Weight or five hundred Aphorisms of Insensible Transpiration Breathing or vapor coming forth of the Body By Dr. Cole c. Physick Books Newly Printed Zacutus Lusitanus his wonderful Practice Or admirable CASES in Physick And CURES Platerus Observations with Histories of his Famous CURES according to the Method of his Golden Practice now also printed Divinity Books Printed by Peter Cole c. Eighteen Several Books of Mr. Burroughs's viz. on Matth. 11. 1 Christs Cal to all those that are weary and heavy laden to come to him for rest 2 Christ the great Teacher of Souls that come to him 3 Christ the Humble Teacher of those that come to him 4 The only easie way to Heaven 5 The Excellency of Holy Courage in Evil times 6 Gospel Reconciliation 7 The Rare Jewel of Christian Contentment 8 Gospel-Worship 9 Gospel-Conversation 10 A Treatise of Earthly Mindedness and of Heavenly Mindedness and Walking with God 11 An Exposition of the Prophesie of Hoseah 12 The Evil of Evils or the exceeding sinfulness of Sin 13 Of Precious Faith 14 Of Hope 15 Of Walking by Faith and not by Sight 16 The Christians living to Christ upon 2 Cor. 5.15 17 A Catechism 18 Moses Choice c. Dr. Hills WORKS Mr. Stephen Marshals New WORKS Viz. 1 Of Christs Intercession or of sins of Infirmity 2 The high Priviledg of Believers That they are the Sons of God 3 Faith the means to feed on Christ 4 Of Self-denial
same cause as hath been explained that by reason of the difference of these Veins in which the matter of Fevers is contained for the same reason they become continual or intermitting But it is certain that the matter is contained somtimes in the veins of the head only other times in the veins of the whol body especially in the greater and upon that account doth cause more grievoius or more mild accidents for as it was declared in continual Fevers if the matter putrifie about the heart there is caused a most burning Fever called a Causus so it fals out here to wit that if such matter be contained in the ventricles of the brain where otherwise the blood of the Veins and Arteries confounded together is very hot a madness or grievous melancholly is raised or if about a more noble part as the Womb the Blood which is wont to abound there and the seed also being retained be corrupted and changed into that poysonous matter as was alleadged formerly by the testimony of Galen it causeth that madness of the Womb in which they so much desire enormous and brutish copulation as hath been demonstrated by the example of a Woman who by reason of a long continued sickness of her Husband by reteining her seed fell into this disease and coveted copulation with dogs and by how much the further scituation it hath from a principal part in the lower parts by so much the more mild melancholly ariseth All which things must be judged how they are by the nature of the accidents and from this that no other external causes went before as was said of a fright from which a grievous melancholly is commonly caused rather then by the constitution which they set forth to be melancholly from the hairs of the body the color of the Skin and the habit also from the excrements seeing these diseases may happen not only to people swarthy lean and sad by nature but to all Naâ—â—tres all Ages as I have often observed But that the cause of it may depend upon a melancholly constitution which they have contracted to themselves by nature or by an ill course of living as was shewed in the hypochondriacal we do no waies deny seeing melancholly blood being turbid and impure doth the easier acquire malignity as also we have somtimes found that hypochondriacal melancholly hath passed into the true one the blood in the Veins being at last infected by the long continued evaporation of heat and also that melancholly which proceeds from the affection of the mind if it fall upon a fit constitution called the melanchollick it wil have a double cause concurring to excite a true melancholly lastly from the suppression of such excrements which easily pass into this poysonous matter as from the retention especially of the menstruous bleod or seed as somtimes a Suffocation of the Womb doth proceed so at other times a madness of the Womb as hath been explained A hot distemper affecting the brain and its membranes A hot distemper the cause of dotage a hot vapor the cause a hot distemper and dotage in a bastard phrensie for the most part cause that first a pain of the Head and if it be more intense a dotage by too much exagitating the functions of the mind but it grows hot somtimes from a hot vapor which is raised up either from hot meat and drink but unless then there be joyned a Narcotick or madding faculty as was said of Wine heat alone wil scarce bring a deliration but only a pain of the head but this is sooner done from hot humors blood too much evaporating especially if it contract some malignity also which is wont presently to make the brain mad as hath been shewed in the causes of melancholly which easily happens in blood altered or putrified whether in the Veins or out of them that by corruption it acquires some malignity from that therefore the like vapor being carried up to the brain it breeds a bastard phrensie so called in many diseases generated from such like humors whose symptom it is So somtimes a dotage is wont to follow a hot expiration raised foom blood in diseases generated from inflamed blood as in diary Feavers a sinochis and internal inflammations which is known to proced from thence by the disease accompanying it also from humors putrifying and so getting a preternatural heat a dotage doth somtimes invade all putrid Feavers at what time chiefly the hot expiration doth very much assail the head as in intermitting Feavers oftentimes at the beginning otherwise about the State and then also chiefly in continual Feavers the heat of the brain helping which by reason of the Fever together with all the parts of the body is heated also for the same reason also Children do oftentimes Rave by reason of Worms when they putrifie a Fever for the most part coming upon it Choller poured forth into the Stomach sending also a hot evaporation to the brain because it is acrid and subtile doth rather cause a pain and a Vertigo than a dotage as shall be said in its place Also Blood made too hot and especially too thin contained in the ventricles and Vessels of the Brain An hot Humor it the Cause of a hot Distemper and Dâ—tage in a bastard Phrensit inflaming the brain not only by a vapor but also by its proper substance induceth a bastard Phrensie as it somtimes comes to pass when by a blow or Fall or in Feavers it flows thither But if that it be carried out of the Vessels and poured upon the brain and its membranes An Inflammation is the cause of a hot distemper or Dotage in a Phrensie it breeds an Inflammation or Erysipelas according as the Blood is then it causeth a true Phrensie which also is called a Syriasis especially if it befal Children whose external and violent Cause may be that which shatters or hurts the Head or the internal a Fulness of Blood and inflammation of it whence a synochus Feaver arising pouring forth a portion of its hotter blood into this principal patr which before did very much abound with blood it makes this grievous Disease whose Companion is a continual Feaver as hath been declared in Feavers differing therefore from a bastard Phrensie because the feaver in that goes before the Dotage but in a Phrensie they both invade together by which signe also t is chiefly known An evil Conformation of the Brain as if it be too big or little or otherwise be not rightly formed for the most part creates the said Foolishness bred in some from their Birth whenas this proceeds from implanted Causes as from the seed of the Parents who either were Fools themselves or their seed had contracted some fault and t is easily known by this that they were Fools from their Birth because the Head answers the unshapen Brain in Greatness or Smaleness or Deformity An evil Conformation the Cause of Folly which fault if it reach to the
Violets of each one ounce with Mesues Decoction of Fruits give it If at any time we must pass to stronger Medicines it may be done thus Take of Rhubarb four scruples infuse it in Water of Roses and Violets strain it add Syrup of Roses solutive one ounce or more give it Or Take of Sena whose juyce is not unlike the juyce of Rhubarb two drams or three Polypody half an ounce somwhat sharp Prunes six Boyl them to the strained Liquor add Syrup of Roses solutive Violets of each half an ounce Make a Potion Things altering are given both by reason of the Feaver accompanying and because of the hot distemper of the head in a form chiefly acceptable to them especially of drink because they are very thirsty for they do not willingly take things Medicinal with which also we ought to prepare the Cholerick Humor if there be any before we purge it you meet with various compositions of these in Feavers therefore here only a few examples are proposed In their Broths are boyled Sorrel Lettice Bugloss and their Waters are mixed with them as also the juyce of Citron and Rose Vinegar Instead of Beer we must mix with the boyled water which he drinks Syrup of Currans Pomegranates Lemmons Wine of Pomegranates or other Acid juyces Or you may give by course Juleps in a fit quantity by themselves or mixt with Beer after this manner Take of Syrup or Wine of Pomegranates of Barberries of each two ounces Violets one ounce of Poppy by reason of watchings half an ounce water of Lettice Sorrel Roses Bugloss of each four times the quantity let him drink it In place of Syrups Juyces may be used A Conserve made for the same use to be often taken As Take of the Conserve of the four Cordial flowers of each one ounce Coleworts Lettice flesh of Citrons condite of each six drams seeds of Sorrel Endive Purslane of each half a dram Pouderof Diamargaritum frigidum one scruple Syrup of Pomegranates or Curians Make an Electuary Things cold and somwhat astringent must be applied to the Head at the beginning presently whiles the Humor flows or Vapors ascend the which do repel them Oxyrrhodines are fit for this use prepared thus Take of water of Roses Plantane of each two ounces Oyl of Roses two ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Mix them Or thus Take of the Oyl of Roses Omphacine one ounce and an half Unguentum Populeum Vinegar of each half an ounce the white of an Egg beat them together and apply them to the Forehead But a repelling Decoction may be made thus Take of the Leaves of Sallow Lettice Plantane of each one handful Flowers of Roses two pugils Violets one pugil seeds of Plantane Myrtle of each two drams boyl them in iron'd water Afterwards Coolers and Moistners are applied with which we mix things causing rest In this form Take of the juyces of Lettice Nightshade of each two ounces Plantane one ounce let cloaths dipt in them be applied In Summet time we prepare them of Waters Take of the waters of Roses Nightshade Lettice Water-lillies of each two ounces Plantane one ounce let cloaths dipt in them be applied A Decoction for Irrigation may be made thus Take of the Leaves of Violets Lettice Nightshade Water-lilles Housleek Purslane of each one handful flowers of Violets Water-lillies Borrage of each one pugil seeds of Lettice Poppy of each two drams of Henbane one dram make a Decoction for an Irrigation Afterwards let the Head be anointed with the following Unguent Take Oyl of Violets Water-lillies of each one ounce of Roses six drams of Poppy Mandrake each half an ounce Unguentum Populeum one ounce we add no Camphire because it causeth watchings mix them with a little white Wax for an Oyntment Then we may strew Pouders on the place anointed after this manner Take of the flowers of Roses Violets Water-lillies Lettice seed of each two drams of white and black Poppy of each one dram red Saunders Coriander of each half a dram mix them When the raving begins to abate we add certain discussive things to the forementioned forms such as have been prescribed in a Melancholly humor causing Melancholly and Madness but somwhat more temperate and then especially we are content with Anointings adding Oyl in which Mother of Time and Chamomel have been boyled and afterwards Sinapizing the head as they cal it As with the following Pouder which also strengthens the Brain Take of Coriander seeds two drams flowers of Roses Chamomel Lavender Rosemary of each one dram Orrice root half a dram of all the Saunders one dram make a Pouder Besides these things when the raving is at the highest there is a singular and approved Remedy made of the Flesh and Blood of Animals being applied to the Crown of the Head whiles they are yet hot which being roasted as it were with excessive heat of the Head when they are laid aside do seem to send forth a certain vapor and I have often observed that they alone almost have helped which whether they do it by discussing as some would have it or by stopping the force of the blood I wil not here any longer dispute this I know as shal be said in the Haemorrhages that these do wonderfully stop the blood flowing out of a wound but for this use the following things are for the most part made choice Certain whol Animals cut through the back and presently unboweld as a Lamb a Puppy-dog a young Pigeon or Chicken or the bloudy parts of them as the Lungs of a Ram Gelt of a Lamb or the Livers or also other fleshy parts hot from the Creature new killed as also other things must be applied or if they be cooled they must be heated again For the hearts sake strengthening Epithems are ap plied to the region of it by reason of its double disease both of a Fever and because of its Weakness which also may be bound to the Pulses in a cloth such as have been proposed in Feavers and formerly in Melancholly And a more simple one may be made thus Take of Rose water four ounces of Violets Bugloss of each two ounces Vinegar half an ounce of all the Saunders each one dram Saffron half a scruple Camphire five grains mix them For the same cause also regard is had to the Liver and Epithems are applied to that The Breast also is anointed with cold relaxing Oyls as Oyls of Violets And the Cods are cooled with things working actually and potentially The Thighes and Arms of the whol body are washed for coolness sake and that they may the easier sleep with the Decoction of the Plants of the Vine Violets Lettice Poppy and the like A Course of diet is to be ordered not so much to preserve Strength as to help somwhat by Alteration Let the Air incline to cold but whether they ought to be kept in Darkness or Light that they may rave the less some do very much trouble themselves seeing false
largenss of the Nostrils we often see in others and somtimes we try it in our selves But the chink of the Larynx scarce labors of any other Disease unless when by consent it is hindered or prest by the neighboring parts as from the Vertebrae of the Neck Luxated of which hath been spoken already For it can scarcely happen that it be relaxt more than is fit by a Humor seeing it is convenient for it alwaies to be moist that it should be torn seeing it is a thick Membrane is impossible as also it is very hard to be wounded The passage of the rough Artery or Wind-pipe The binding of the pipe of the rough Artery is the cause of Suffocation from the Head even to the Lungs if it be intercepted by outward force the Neck being bound up as shal be said in the Gullet it brings strangling and if it be prest by the first Vertebrae of the Neck luxated it causeth difficulty of breathing which Hippocrates called the sixth sort of Squinzy The rough Artery can scarce be filled otherwise with things that fall into it but as I said breathing may be stopped about the sides thereof And they that are drowned are not choaked so much by the Influx of Water as by the hinderance of the passage of the Air. And if any thing fal into the passage and hiâ—â—er breathing it is by its sticking fast and causing a continual Cough The connexion and Obstruction of the Lungs are the Diseases that cause a Dyspnaea The Cause of Dispnaea or difficulty of breathing is the connexion of the Lungs with the Breast The connexion of the Lungs with the Convex part of the breast being streighter than it should be suffers them not to move freely and makes them short-winded in motion This by Anatomies hath been found to have been natural to some and to others from a fall or Pleurisie The Obstruction of the Lungs causeth an Asthma When the Lungs are stopped inwardly in the branches of the rough Artery that are dispersed through them there is a difficulty of breathing because the Air cannot freely pass This comes often from a watry humor falling from the Head in time of sleep and lying down without sense by degrees through the rough Artery to the Lungs which staying in the narrow branches thereof and growing slimy and stopping the passage it causeth breathing with Snorting and noise and a Cough And if by reason of the toughness thereof it cannot be hawked forth it causeth a long Disease called Asthma which by a new defluxion at night time and in moist weather and after a Surfet is not violent And if the defluxion be great and suddenly fill the passages that were formerly stopped it causeth the Suffocating Catarrh The same may come from the Excrements of the Lungs there long detained and made thick For as the Brain by reason of the plenty of Blood which filleth the Cavity of the membranes being crude continually gathereth Excrements so the Lungs whose vessels are ful of blood if it be excrementitious or crude it causeth many excrements so that it is not necessary that all the flegm which is spet up must come from the Head to the Lungs Both these Causes are discovered by the flegmatick constitution of the body and the signs of abounding flegm and rattling and other hurts mentioned A white chalky matter and hard is made rather of the Lungs than of flegm which is slimy like Bird-lime but not crumbling This obstructing inwardly the branches causeth that long Asthma wherein there is no sign of flegm And the same may cause the Stone in the Lungs which is hard brittle smooth or rough according as the vessels are as we have seen Anatomies And such have been coughed out after a long and otherwise incurable Asthma which were the cause thereof The Compression of the Breast is the cause of difficult breathing The Diseases that hinder the Breathing besides the Muscles of the Breast mentioned in those which hinder the motion both of the Lungs and Breast both which are required to breathing This is when it is outwardly compressed or when astringent things are laid thereon as common Physitians suppose The hardness of the gristles of the breast is the cause of Dyspnoea If the Gristles of the Ribs which are about the Breast to cause the more easie motion be turned into a hard substance like the other Ribs which happens in some through age in some sooner especially in Women by reason of their Breasts held up thereby for then the breast cannot be sufficiently dilated And this makes them sigh when they have great breasts and lie upon their backs When a Rib or two are broken and thrust inward The Ribs thrust inward causeth difficult breath because they hinder the dilatation of the Lungs and the motion of the breast they hinder breathing And so do the Ribs dislocated and the Vertebrae or spondits of the back bent inwards These two hurts as they may come by an external force to the Ribs so Fernelius testifieth that a Rib hath been broken by great palpitation of the body which I rather beleeve might be displaced If the Cavity of the Breast be filled with matter in an Empyema and Corruption of the Lungs The Repletion of the Cavity of the Breast is the cause of Dyspnoea or Water in a Dropsie Or Blood from a Vein broken If these be in great quantity they cause a Dyspnoea by hindering motion of the Lungs Breast and Midriff Also Wind may cause the same if in the Breast as I gathered from one in a Dyspnaea who had a noise about his breast with no rattling The Cure If Breath be stopped from Fainting of the Heart The Cure of want of breath in Swooning when strength returneth they recover And what must be done in Swooning shal be shewed in the defect of strength If men in Apoplexies from a distemper of the Brain are in danger of Suffocation The Cure of Defect of breathing from an Apoplexy we shewed what must be done in the Consternation of mind Also when breath is stopped by Convulsions If there be Defect of Breath The Cure of want of Breathing Speech in a Palsie Cramp and other Diseases of the Nerves Voyce or Speech by reason of the Nerves in a particular Palsie or Convulsion it must be cured as a Palsie or Convulsion If it come from the Cramp you must give things to prevent a general Convulsion as was there shewed And if it come from Loosness of the Nerves you must proceed as in a Palsie by purging and altering When the Speech or Voyce is lost things applied to the Mouth and Throat are best because they draw forth flegm by the right way and being neer the part affected consume and alter the humor Masticatories and Gargarisms are most proper not such as draw flegm thither as in the Palsie of other parts but which dry and draw out the humor
and active and they who have less are weak and sooner die And when that flourishing humor is consumed like Oyl by the heat of the spirit by degrees in age men grow more weak and dry Among internal and external causes Diseases that dissipate the influent and fixed spirits are the cause of weakness all great Diseases dissipate the vital spirits if they continue long and at length consume the innate spirits with the radical moisture wherewith it is joyned from whence the weakness is more or less Great and often Evacuations either by chance or willingly Evacuations that dissipate the natural fixed and also the influent heat cause weakness or in Diseases exhaust and dissipate the spirits and abate strength especially if good humors be voidded as Seed in the running of the Reins or by Venery Also great bleeding purging by reason the stirring of the spirits abate strength as in Diarrhaea's and great and often sweating and much pissing Also the sudden effusion of things besides nature as of Water in the Dropsie matter in an Empiema doth weaken These violent excretions being painful as in a Dysentery weaken more Great pain which violently stirreth the spirits Pain moving the spirits causeth weakness to bring them to the part afflicted with the blood for help causeth weakness and if it be very great fainting Especialy if the part suffering Pain of the Mouth of the Stomack cause of Cardiaca or fainting have great affinity with the Heart Hence it is that they who have the Cardialgia or Heart pain are very weak by reason of the consent of the Stomach with the Heart and do easily faint this fainting is called Cardiaca And so it is in other painful and long Diseases Great and sudden Passions of the Mind Trembling of the Spirit is the cause of weakness fainting because then the spirits are carried in and out with force cause debility and somtimes fainting and death Thus we have seen some swoon with joy that hath thrown the spirits outward and have read that others have died so In anger the spirits are so inraged that they look red in the Face And when the spirits presently return as the paleness following sheweth they are in little danger of life but they are weakned thereby as appears by their trembling and there remains a weariness though anger be over Nor is the cause of men not dying with anger as with joy because angry men are stronger as is supposed in regard old men and sick men that are peevish are easily moved to anger But it often hapens that by great fear the spirits being violently moved some die and many are weakned And shame and bashfulness may cause the same by which they say Homer died Also if the passions be of long continuance and strong as sadness and fear and the like they stir the spirits with continual Cogitation and at length consum them and as they say dry the bones and this is a Consumption of the Spirits A strong and constant heat doth not only dissipate the spirits but consumes them Heat dissipating the spirits and consuming their nourishment is the cause of weakness and their nourishment as when the body is weakned by heat fire labor there is fainting somtimes And in Feavers it is so especially in a Causon or burning Feaver And in a Hectick the accidental heat of the heart though not great yet continuing devours the radical moisture of the heart and solid parts and the spirits and causeth weakness and Consumption A cold distemper quencheth the native heat Cold restraining the native heat is the cause of weakness or makes it less so some have been frozen to death And others have been killed with staying long in cold water Also some parts are benumed and blasted with cold or so weakned that they come not again to themselves And this may come to the Stomach by drinking cold water And hither may be referred those that for want of excercise bring not the native heat into action and grow stupid Also the parrs grow weak by using things inwardly and outwardly that are Potentially cold a long time they grow weak but the native heat is not wholly extinct as by actual cold Although hitherto it hath been believed to come from Narcoticks that are very cold which as we shewed do not kil by cooling but by stupefying the brain Nor do we grant that the Pores being obstructed that the heat is Suffocated for want of fanning or Eventilation for as we shewed the Skin hath Pores not to let in Air but to let out other things A Maligne quality affecting the Heart or mixed with its spirits A Maligne quality in the Heart is the Cause of weakness causeth an extinction of native heat thereof and by consequence of all the Body or diminisheth it and begets a Syncope or weakness or Death according toits divers qualities So when the Air is infected men in the Plague suddenly faint are weak and die or in swouning Feavers which alwaies begin with fainting And when Poyson is taken or bred in the Body it gets to the Heart and endangers life and causeth weakness And this may happen to other parts when Poyson is more contrary to them then to the Heat If a Wound peirce the left Ventricle of the Heart A Wound in the Heart is the cause of weakness and Death the spirits suddenly vanish and there is sudden Death And if the right or it peirce the Superficies or cuts the Coronal Veins they die suddenly from great bleeding I suppose non can scape if the substance only be hurt and divided because a principal part cannot endure it Fernelius writes that he saw one that consumed before he died of an Ulcer in the Heart that came from an inward cause The like may be from a Tumor which is rare and not known but by dissection because the Heart feels not I faw in 1644. in a Woman that I opened of a Dropsie in the Breast such a swolen Heart loose and greater then it should be with the Vessels especially the Arteria Aorta three times bigger then usual and both the Ventricles especially the left and the Langs and Cavity of the breast silled with waterish blood Also a great corruption in other parts extinguisheth the native heat The Cure We shall shew how it is to be done in diverse weaknesses The Cure of weakness and swouning and chiefly in general Imbecility and great fainting which also may be for particular weakned parts although in their Symptoms we shall also speak thereof We must act and prognostick acctording to the diversity of the cause of weakness If it come from want of Air and breathing we shewed the Cure in the defect of Breathing If it be from the birth or old age we labor in Vain because natural causes cannot be changed nor radical moisture renewed If it be from Evacuation it is worst from Venery or bleeding which is in a Dropsie If
was beloved he discovered a Disease to be from the mind that is Love This Palpitation of the Heart is sooner in weak people and such as are disposed to it Stirring of the Spirits causeth palpitation of Heart in them that are subject thereto the least exercise wil cause it in some One confessed to me that he had it presently in the act of Venery and was so troubled therewith that except he gave over he should be stifled as it fel out afterwards This pulsation also is greater when the spirits are dissipated from other causes as at the point of Death when they are vanished though there be great weakness by which nature labors to assist them in the greatest danger by this motion and recollection of Spirits When the Spirits grow hot with the blood Over-heating of the Spirits is the cause of quick and great pulsation there is great motion of the Heart and Arteries not so much because the spirits are hot and unquiet but because they then are sooner spent that what is suddenly lost may be suddenly repaired Whether it come from the external causes as the Fire or Fume or from internal and the rather if the Heart grow hot and continue so as in a Feaver Or if the heat come from motion of the body or exercise in heat Or when the mind is so affected that not only the Spirits are troubled but set on fire thereby as in anger Or when all these concur As we knew a Noble man that playing at Tennis was so hot and angry and so moved in the Pulsation and Respiration that he could not recollect himself nor could the motion cease but he died suddenly When the Arteries are too full of blood and too much dilated thereby in regard they ought not to be filled as the Veins are that there may be room for the Vital spirits the Pulsation which before was not perceived when moderate is felt by the Patient and that vehement Diastole about the Heart and great Arteries mentioned in the Palpitation of the Heart is raised Especially when the blood floweth to the left Ventricle of the Heart and to its Ear which may be much enlarged to the great Artery whereby they are too full and extended And it ceaseth when it flows from those parts and doth not more lift them up and dilate them Or it molesteth continually if an Artery be so dilated as Fernelius observed Yea that the great Tumor called Aneurisma doth follow And if this Aneurisma be within in any part of the great Artery or in the breast Throat under the Ribs or in the Ear of the Heart which wil be very much stretched it causeth a perpetual Pulsation as an external Aneurism and is the cause of that Palpitation of Heart which lasteth so long and kils so many as some have observed in Anatomy It is plain that this Palpitation comes from plenty of Arterial blood Plenty and heat of Arterial blood that fils the Arteries causeth palpitation of Heart because the Arteries have nothing else in them And Galen seems to grant it when he saies all such are cured or eased by bleeding And this pulsation is greater by how much the blood and the spirits mixed therewith which fill the Arteries are the hotter Fernelius witnesseth that he saw such blood in the Arteries burnt like black choller And we prove that that cholerick hot blood is gathered in the Mesaraick Arteries and and sent to the great Arteries by these Arguments Because as such juyce as is frequently bred in the mesaraick Veins from meat and drink doth inflame pollute the blood being carried from the branches of the Gate-vein to the hollow vein so doth it get into the mesaraick Arteries which are joyned to those Veins and so into the greater Arteries and so to the Heart and so filleth them and doth what is mentioned And the rather because these mesaraick Arteries are branches of the great Artery but the meseraick Veins come not from the hollow Vein nor are joyned to it but by the substance of the hinder Hence is this Disease so usual in Virgins from the stoppage of their Courses which begets an evil habit and in those that have Hypochondriack Melancholy In which as the fulness and foulness of the Venal and Arterial blood causeth Cachexy and Melancholy so do they cause palpitation of the Heart and Arteries Some say this may be from Wind filling the Arteries which we cannot allow because none hath observed that the Veins can be filled therewith Nor do we grant that vapors gathered about the Midriff Spleen or Womb and so sent into the Arteries and Heart or a thick vapor shut into the Heart that came from another place as some have written can so fill it that they may cause this Pulsation As for other causes of palpitation of which they write especially wind or water in the Pericardium we count them not the true cause of Palpitation but of some fluctuation when the body is moved as may appear by the noise in the breast as we shal shew in preternatural Swoons in the body Other Diseases of the Heart besides these mentioned may cause it to move inordinately and quicker as heat that moves the Spirits and disperseth them and too great Repletion by the blood of the Arteries Such are those that so offend the Heart it moveth violently to cast them off rather by a natural sensation than by feeling which the Heart wanteth A Venemous quality from within or without A malign quality stirs up the Heart to palpitation doth cause palpitation or any malignity in the arterial blood which fils the Arteries causeth the same by stretching them and by troubling the Heart I understood that one who died of a continual Trembling of the Heart had a Bone or Gristle found in his Heart The Cure That Palpitation which comes from vehement motion of mind or body The Cure when it comes from vehement motion or Heat ceaseth when they cease as we shewed in Short-breathing which is joyned therewith But when many causes concur it is dangerous as we shewed When it comes from plenty of blood it is dangerous and lasting Cure of Palpitation of heart and troublesom by continual motion but wasting of the Spirits many have dyed hereof others have long been troubled therewith many have been cured by removing the cause And because the Cause is commonly about the Meseraick Vessels which are distributed in the natural parts and there is the plethory and filth it is cured as Cachexy Cachochymie and Hypochondriack Melancholly which are usualy joyned therewith By preventing too great increase of Blood Humors and Wind and such humors as chiefly abound by purging of Choler and strengthening the natural parts and mixing Cordials with all things And in regard it is hard to evacuate the conjunct cause in the Artesies and Heart we must strengthen them with Cordials Thus. Letting of blood except some thing hinder is good according to Galen
Oyl of Roses Cold air Cures thirst by cooling the Lungs if it come from them and by correcting the heat of the whol body in regard the Tunicle of the Mouth and of the stomach are all one Baths for the Feet and Hands of cold water and change of Linnen doth the same Also Epithems applied to the Liver and Heart And anoynting of the Throat and Neck with Oyl of Violets Water-lillies Willows Poppies Some anoynt the Head in Feavers with the same because the Nerves of the Head consent with the stomach but I suppose it doth good by provoking sleep Hippocrates saith that sleep slaketh thirst not because it moistneth as some say but because heat is carried outward by sleep as appeareth by sweating which is then most easie to be cause Rest is good because it keeps the body cool And also little talk for much increaseth thirst CHAP. XIV Of Defect of Bleeding The Kinds THe wants of bleeding which is divers waies at set times differ first in respect of the place as they are not or not sufficient either from the womb Fundament or Nostrils or the like A suppression of the Terms is when the monthly Evacuation of women Stoppage of Terms by the womb for forty years in which they are fit to bear Children is wanting and they are neither with Child nor give suck Some women but it is rare never have them and without inconvenience these are Virago'es because they are like men Others have had them but they stopped and never returned Some have wanted them a whol year or some months In whom Laziness presageth Diseases Then follows heart pain want of Appetite and loathing with inclination to Vomite Palpitation of heart and Arteries Head-ach troublsome dreams palness of face and crudity of urin discovereth it And as these are preternatural in Plethory and Cacochymy so are they Natural in Women with Child whose Terms are stopped they vomit in the first month Also suppression of Terms is when they flow too slowly for the constitution in less quantity or shorter time then is meet This causeth inconveniences There is another flux of the womb after Child-bearing that is necessary Want of cleansing after child-bearing and continueth some dayes more abundant then the monthly the blood is called Lochia If these flow not they cause great Diseases Colick and Convulsion There is a flux at the Fundament in both sexes called Haemorrhoids Stoppage of Haemorroids in some Natures either once in a year or at a certain time this is said to be stopped when it hath been and is called suppression of Hemorrhoids Physitians explain this defect chiefly when there are other accidents from the retention of them as Cacochymy Cachexy Quartan Feaver Melancholly and the like The Patient disdaining the Flux Complains not of the want of it but when he is Pained by the swollen Veins which cannot open which are called the blind Hemorrhoids Some have a natural Evacuation at the Nose The want of bleeding at Nose at a set time which are young and Plethorick and bleed at no other part as women that want their terms that are with child or Virgins before they have them And hither may be refer'd the critical evacuations in Diseases If any of these are stopped the Physitian must endeavor to procure them If blood flow another way though somtimes it doth good Defect of bleeding by other parts yet in regard it is not so according to nature it belongs to the defect of Natural bleeding if it stop The Causes The defect of these bleedings is either from the want or foulness of blood or from the stoppage or straitness of the Veins Women fit to conceive must have more blood then is fit to nourish the body to nourish the Child if they do conceive 〈◊〉 to be purged forth at the end of the month if they conceive not If this plenty of blood be wanting or not sufficient there is little or no Flux of the Terms And though this want of blood may come from divers causes yet all do not cause this suppression There are Women but few in which as nature before they are ripe to conceive A manly Constitution is the cause of suppression of Terms breeds no more blood then will nourish the body so she keeps the same course when they are fit to conceive these are barren and without other inconveniences These are called Virago'es from their manlike constitution From want of juyce of which blood should be made Spare Diet causeth the same the Terms flow less rather then cease because nature keeps the the same order when blood doth not abound Yet there may be a defect of Terms from long fasting or use of bad meats so that the body may grow very lean In sharp Diseases the blood being spent by violent heat Blood sent another way causeth want of Terms and Hemorrhoids if it continue long the same may be but being short it rather causeth a Flux then stops and often in a Crisis cureth the Disease And great Fluxes by provoking the expulsive faculty provoke the Terms except they be bloody and then they hinder as the Terms hinder them and bleeding at the Nose So these Fluxes are stopped by deriving of the blood to another part And the cheif cause of suppression of Humorrhoids is when nature retaines or sends it otherwaies Thickness of blood causeth also suppression of Terms and Hemorrhoids when it will not flow being too thick from the juyce of meats eaten or want of serum to carry it And this is the cause that in Cachectickes Thickness of blood causeth suppression of Terms and Hydropicks the Terms are stopt the serum or whey sweats through the Veins and when a Vein is opened the blood is thick and if it stand like red or white Coral Crude and impure blood Crudities and impurity of blood causeth suppression of Terms if it be thick as it will be when it is cold as we have observed with a thick skin at the top or foul will not flow by the Terms for the purest blood is sent to nourish the Child and to breed milk If therefore it be foul or there be obstructious then the Terms are wanting Therefore Cachectickes Leucophlegmaticks or Virgins in the Green-sickness while their blood is bad have not the Terms but when it is putrified have Hence it appears that this natural flux of the Terms is not for to discharge foul blood according to the vulgar error which will rather hinder it if it abound And it is not from the quality of blood that is evil but from the quantity abounding And it is preternatural when it is immoderate or without order And we shall shew that women after they are past the Terms may so bleed And though the impurity of the blood cause the Flux of the Hemorrhoids it is no argument why the Terms should flow from impurity naturally for they differ greatly for though foul blood be usually
than to be the Receiver of Melancholy nor finding any other black Choler than that which is made of the yellow cannot be convinced that such a humor in the Spleen can produce either quartan or other Agues And if they call the melancholick juyce corrupted so and make it the cause of a quartane we wil not grant that to be in the substance of the Spleen or elswhere distinct from the blood whose dreg it is But if they understand by it the thickest part of the blood in that they confirm our Opinion which teacheth that some of the blood in the Mesaraicks corrupting causeth intermitting fevers because Faeculent blood is rather in the great Veins of the Mesaraicks than in the smal of the Spleen by reason of the plenty of Arteries filled with thin rather than thick blood In which Mesaraicks if corruption in the dregs of blood causeth quartans as they grant then they must confess that the cause of Tertians is from the same blood but in a divers part as we shewed But we do not affirm either excrementitious choler gathered out of the Veins whether yellow green or black to be the cause of intermitting fevers if it putrifie in regard it is a very hot and sharp humor being in the Belly especially if it corrupt or be heated more and it causeth rather Colicks Heart-pains Vomitings and Cholerick fluxes by pulling the parts than Fevers except by inflammation through pain there be a little fever which seldom follows these Diseases And if it be so hot it cannot stay so long to raise corrupt vapors and send them to the Heart to cause a fever but this being moved and hot by a feverish heat brings forth accidents that signifie Choler as we shewed of which the fever is rather the cause than Choler the Cause of of the Fever which being naturally mixed with the excrements and corrupting with them and sending stinking vapors doth not infect the superior parts They say that superfluous flegm in the Stomach Guts Mesentery and about the Bowels corrupting causeth Agues called Quotidians and if it be glassie or sharp Epiala's And some say that the corruption of waterish flegm causeth a gentle Fever in Dropsies called Leucophlegm and Cachecticks But how can slegm which is cold get so much heat from putrefaction that it may produce sharp and hot vapors to cause Fevers because if it be long kept and the part be hot it wil turn rather slimy than putrid And no Authors mention any kind of putrid flegm moreover these Fevers answer to the three humors excrementitious as they say viz. to Flegm Choler and Melancholy And there is another cause of Epiala in which heat and cold are both at a time As for the waterish flegm that brings a Fever we shal shew treating of the serum that serum is the cause there of and not flegm For as Serum or Whey washeth the blood and by its moisture allay's the heat and the Choler in the Blood in the Jaundies So when it is mixed in the Meseraicks with Cholerick blood putrified in a great quantity it causeth lingring and long bastard Fevers But this Whey being separated from the blood into the Abdomen that is Belly or Breast or under the Skin and there contained a long time corrupting and turning stinking and sharp as we have often seen it green and stinking when it hath been let out in Dropsies It causeth little Feavers especially when it is near the Heart being hot and thin and corrupting the parts that contain it Such Feavers are in Virgins that have the green sickness saith Fernelius Fleshy moist Bodies because they easily corrupt and so have a preternatural heat beget putrid Fever caused by the humors which are out of their vessels whether they be Natural as parts of the Body or contained in the Body as a dead Child or Secundine or preternatural as Worms Corruption of some parts of the body Corruption of some parts causeth gentle symptomatical Feavers causeth gentle putrid Fevers if any part of the corruption or Vapor from it get to the heart And these are of long continuance especially if there be corruption of any noble part or neer the Heart by which means viz. the continuance of the Fever and corruption of the part the body consumeth This corruption begins from some humor fixed and stinking corroding or infecting the part Or from an Ulcer or Imposthume after Inflammation or outward hurt or a Vein broken We shal shew the reason why this falling in some parts causeth Fevers in others not In the Phthisis or Consumption the Lungs are usuallyulcerated corrupt and filthy and consumed for the most part and the heart being constantly by their neerness infected there is a gentle symptomatical Fever which turns into an Hectick which from the loss of a noble part makes the whol body lean and destroyeth it Corruption of the Liver and Spleen by reason their substance is alike cometh from the same causes in both which we find often after Death with great stink and it brings lingring symptomatical Fevers which produce Atrophy and Cachexy and the vulgar take to be Hecticks from the want of blood most usual in Virgins and Children such Children may have at the time of sucking and in the smal Pox when they refuse drink and want moisture to cool them the Liver growing hot hard or swollen Corruption of the Reins causeth no constant Fever because it goes away by Urin neither doth the body pine away for if one Kidney be consumed the other wil officiate for it so a man may be long preserved The Brain and the Heart being noble parts cannot be corrupted to produce a Fever while a man is living Though Ulcers have been observed in the Heart which have caused Death before a Fever Also corruption in the Membranous parts about the Stomach Guts Bladder and Womb the Mesentery and Cawl causeth a lingring Fever Also in any part of the body inward or outward and the farther from the Heart the corruption is the more uneven is the Fever and intermitting If the Child in the Womb with the Secundine joyned by the Vessels to the Womb be putrified and continue til the Womb be infected and other adjacent parts as I have seen there is a Fever of the same sort which disturbeth the body after a divers manner and is long if the Patient die not Also preternatural things bred in the body Corruption of preternatural bodies causeth lingring symptomatical Fevers as Worms or Flesh joyn to other parts corrupting and infecting other parts produce the same Fevers which shake and consume the body but not except they corrupt albeit Infants that have live Worms are feverish and it is like a Synoch from an external cause sharp not gentle and as that hath other accidents so in this Children have Worms A great heat with a malignant quality strikeing the Heart gets constant malignant Fevers and if it infect others contagious thus differing as the heat
good Emulsion Things that resist Putrefaction are usually sharp and sweet Sharp things also cool and are very delightful Galen puts a little Vinegar in Water and juyce of Pomegranates Wine of Pomegranates or the like is also commended Also sharp Syrups mixed with Waters as of Vinegar Sorrel Lemmons Citrons Currants sour Grapes Pomegranats Apples and four Plums and sharp Cherries are good Things very sharp may be given if there be a Flux as Syrup of Barberries The Waters to make the Juleps are of Endive Lettice Succory Sorrel and Roses if you will bind Some sweet things resist putrefaction and Sugar more than Honey which easily turns into Choler but because usually they hate sweet things therefore add Syrups that are sweet and sour Also the Decoction of Currans is usual and good Somtimes we add Correctors of Crudities when they are weak the heat of which is overcome by the plenty of the Water Cinnamon is most usual being sweet either boyled or infused or Coriander seed boyled or Galangal red Saunders is good to cozen the Patients when they expect Wine especially if there be a little Pomegranate Wine to give it a scent There are divers Potions and Juleps which alter and correct the distemper of the humor and whol body to be given all along mentioned among the Prepatatives And this Decoction Take roots of Succory Asparagus each an ounce Endive Lettice Purslane Liverwort Ducks-meat each one handful Bugloss and Burrage flowers each a pugil Barley a pugil Gourd seeds half an ounce Fleabane seeds which are very cold a dram boyl them add Sugar and Vinegar boyl them to a middle consistence between a Water and a Syrup give two or three ounees alone or with others Or thus Take Endive Succory Sorrel Liverwort each a handful Barley a pugil make a Decoction strain them add Vinegar for the Poor and Syrups for the Rich. Or thus Take syrup of Sorrel two ounces the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds half an ounce give three spoonfull often Sick People refuse solid things to be eaten and had rather have Drinks for their thirst but for variety they may take sometimes dried Confections as the Tablets of Trionsantalon or the three Sanders Or these Take pouder of the three Sanders one dram Diarrhodon one scruple the Troches of Camphire half a scruple red Coral half a dram Conserve of Roses Violets Bugloss each half a dram with Sugar dissolved in Rose or Endive water make Tablets give them morning and evening and Endive water after them Soft Electuaries made of Conserves are given the day after purging to strengthen and correct the heat caused by the medicine and in the whol course of the fever Thus made Take Conserve of Roses Bugloss Violets each half a dram with Sugar or Rob of Ribes make a Bolus This is pleasanter Take Conserve of Roses and Sorrel each an ounce of candied Citrons Lettice stalks and Gourds each half an ounce with Syrup of Ribes make an Electuary give it often and thereupon a little Endive Sorrel or Bugloss water Clysters when they are bound are good to loosen and to bring the humors into the Guts and for to alter but because they cannot be given cold they are not so good as other things to cool the Stomach and whol body and quench thirst they are better to loosen than cool They are mentioned among the Looseners This is best to cool Take Lettice Purslane Violets Mallows Housleek each an handful Barley a pugil and an half Cordial flowers a pugil Guoard seeds half an ounce boyl them add Oyl of Violets three ounces Honey of Violets two ounces Diaprunis or Cassia an ounce make a Clyster Things may be given in the meat to nourish and cool or for sawce but the Pacient must rather have them in drink though the Vulgar love to be cramming them Boyl Lettice Sorrel Purslane Burrage Endive in Broath and Spinach or Arrach or Laxative herbs if need require it is pleasant and good to take Savory broath made with Sorrel Spinach and Arrach and with an Egg and a little sharp Wine or Vinegar and Water beaten and boyled a little pour it upon Sippets of Bread Or boyl these forms in Broath Take Lettice and Sorrel seed each adram Melon seed two drams Trionsantalon half a dram Coral a dram Diamargariton frigidum a dram and a half make them as big as Fetches Make sawces of Orenges Lemmons Cherries Pomegranats Ribes unripe Grapes Barberries dried Prunes a little boyled or stoned sharp Apples and Lemmons with Sugar and Rose-water Also of the juyce of Sorrel Vinegar and Sugar and pickled Purslane with the juyce of Secalis in the Spring with crums of bread Vinegar Cinnamon and a little Ginger is good sawce Outward things are to be regarded as Air. That must be very cold by nature or Art for it is actually and potentially cooling for the Lungs which being neer the heart refresheth it much It is allowed for breathing but not to be naked in as the Patients desire in the extremity of heat lest the sweat be struk in Besides the body must not be inflamed with too many cloaths especially Feathers or Furs and therefore it is good to change the Sheets and Shirts and Bed and lay a Leather upon the Pillow And to keep away the Sun and company especially at noon to keep out the Air and not let it in but when cool To sprinkle the Chamber with Water and Vinegar Flowers and cool herbs Willow leaves Vine leaves and Water Lillies To the Heart Liver and Kidnies apply coolers and to the Brain in time of Head-ach and Doting by reason of heat and to those parts which consent with the Head as the Stones The Heart must be cooled at first in a burning Fever in others in the increase after the matter is evacuated because all the parts are inflamed from thence adding alwaies things that properly refresh this noble part and can carry the vertue to it These are to be applied to the Breast or Wrists in form of Epithems or Oyntments and to other parts where the Arteries beat They are thus made In a Causon apply an Epithem presently to the Heart As Take Rose water two ounces Violet Bugloss and Lettice water each an ounce Scabious water half an ounce Vinegar of Roses or Clove Gilliflowers half an ounce juyce of Lemmons or sour Apples two drams Diamargariton frigidum a dram mix them for an Epithem apply it with Scarlet if the heat be great cold or otherwise warm Another Take Rose water two ounces Sorrel Bugloss Violet and Water Lilly water each an ounce Water of Scabious Balm Vinegar White Wine each half an ouncr juyce of Lemmons or Orenges or Apples two drams Sanders one dram Ivory and Harts-horn each half a dram red Coral and precious Stones each two scruples Pearl half a seruple Crystal half a dram Saffron half a scruple make an Epithem for the Heart and Pulses Or bind this Bag to the Wrists and Feet Take Flowers of red Roses
Milk or Sugar are good In meat give Eryngus and Satyrion roots and purple flowr'd Goats beard Purslane Bugloss Mallows Violets Endive Spinage Betts Colewort and moist fruits In drink which they love best because they must not endure thirst give these Wine that is of a middle sort between sweet and sower is most refreshing if it be strong dash it with water Wine taken much inflames and must not be given here or when there is a Phthisick or cough When the Consumption is manifest and there is no suspition of any remainder of the putrid Feaver give Milk for a long time every day rising from four ounces to a pint Womans Milk that hath been four moneths delivered is best the next is Asses which cure if it be curable Then Goats milk after the butter is taken out and if you fear it will corrupt add sugar If your fear a loosness infuse steel in it the rest shall be shew'd in the Phthisiek Make Almond milk with pine Nuts seeds of Melons and Gourds or Poppies into Emulsions Or give Cock broath strained from the sat continually or a Decoction of Capons flesh and Cray-fish Or Barley in Chicken broath Or this Julep Take Violet and Rose water each four ounces white Sugar half a pound Bugloss water two ounces boyl them to a Julep give it with boyled water or lean broath or Barley water Or thus Take juyce of Purslane highly commended in this cause three ounces of Bugloss an ounce boyl them to a Julep with Sugar give a good proportion often Some commend the juyce Burnet and Turneps Another Syrup Take Bugloss and Eryngus roots each two ounces Satyrion roots an ounce green Liquorish three ounces Lettice Purslane each a handful Violets Bugloss and Borage flowers each a pugil Jujubs and Sebestens each eight pair Cold seeds bruised two drams boyl them strain and infuse red Sanders a dram make a syrup with Sugar to be taken alone or otherwise Give Children that hate Medicines Purslane and Scabious water Also waters distilled from Snails Cray fish and Mans blood and from new milk Or these Take Capon broath of his flesh well boyled add a pugil of Turtle Cray fish or Frogs flesh conserve of Roses Borage Bugloss Scabious Violets each an ounce Diamargariton frigid Diatragacanth frigid each a dram Cinnamon two drams distil a wator from them Another very profitable Take the Lungs and Heart of a Calf the flesh of six Cray fish or seven Frogs four cut them smal and add Diatragacanth frigid six drams Cordial temperate species two drams Cold seeds hull'd and Purslane seeds each half an ounce Henbane seeds if there be a Cough a dram add Purslane and Linden flower water each three ounces Lilly water four ounces distil them in Balneo give this alone or with Julep of Roses There are divers restoring confections that are pleasant Marsh-pane thus made Take the past of which Marsh pane is made a pound Cold seeds cleansed an ounce Pine nuts two ounces steep them in Milk and bruise them Diapenides and Diatraganth frigid each a dram Diamargariton frigid half a dram make Cakes Or thus Take Capons flesh and Frogs Hips and Cray-fish tailes boyled in Purslane and Rose water each two ounces beat them add sweet Almonds blanched two ounces Pine nuts and Pistachaes steept in milk each an ounce Gourd seeds cleansed half an ounce white Starch two ounces Sugar four ounces Pearl half a dram sprincle them with Cinnamon water and make a past with Milk and yolks of two Eggs make Cakes Or thus Take flesh of Frogs Legs and Cray fish or Turtle flesh of the wood if you can get it each four ounces boyl them in Barley and Purslane water add the four great cold seeds each a dram white Poppy seeds two drams Raysons stoned and Sebesten each an ounce then add the species of the resumptive Electuary Diatragacanth frigid Diapenidies without species each half a dram Penidies and Sugar-candy each two ounces Pine and Pistacha Nuts each half an ounce make Cakes with Gum Traganth dissolved in Rose water They must often take Sugar of Roses or Sugar boyled in Violet or Purslane water Or this mixture Take conserve of Violets Purslane Bugloss of each an ounce Conserve of Roses half an ounce Diamargariton frigid a dram Sugar make a mixture For outward means and cold Air is better then hot and dry Baths do good by moistning and cooling the body which is hot and dry and by loosning the parts that nourishment may come to them The antients used them three waies first they bath'd in hot water to relax secondly in warm water to moisten and thirdly in cold to keep in the moisture by closing the Pores We use River or Raine water which is thought best so hot as may neither heat the body too much or cause thirst or sweat which must not be And he must not be in above an houre once or twice in a day before meat Some think it good to let the Patient take in the Fume of the Bath by a Linnen cloth before he goes in An artificial Bath is made of roots of Marsh-mallows Mallows Violets Purssane Bugloss with the roots Chamomil flowers in tripe broath Veal or Mutton broath that is fat And for the Rich we add milk Oyl or Butter I would allow of Sulphur baths if they be near used by degrees because they make the body Oyly as I have found by experience For this cause we anoynt after bathing or at other times morning and evening the Back Sides and Belly with loosning Oyls Or thus Take Mucilage of Fleabane and Quince seeds each half an ounce Gum Traganth infused in milk half a dram fresh butter an ounce white Hens and Ducks grease each an ounce Oyl of sweet Almonds and Violets each two onnces with white Wax make a Liniment Anoynt the Breast and Heart thus Take Oyl of Violets Gourd seeds and sweet Almonds of each half an ounce Ducks grease an ounce or use the resumptive Oyntment Some anoynt the Liver with the same but we omit it because the Liver will have little benefit thereby and the belly may be loosned therewith which is naught Neither do we put flesh in Oyntments as some do We apply Epithems to the Breast Heart and Pulses because the Arteries are hot As Take an Emulsion of sweet Almonds made with Decoction of Barley Purslane and Violets add fresh Butter and Capons grease Dip cloths therein and apply them warm A Cordial Epithem Take Violet Rose Purslane Scabious Bugloss and Borage water each two ounces juyce of Apples an ounce juyce of Housleek or Lettice half an ounce white wine an ounce If bruised Purslane be laid to the Stomach it is thought to be good And gentle Frictions after bathing to draw the nourishment The nourishers prescribed both strengthen and restore It is a good rule for Hecticks to eat often and little and for all weak persons When meat is loathed and they are very weak some give nourishing Clysters Thus Take
be that kind of Plurisie which we called peculiarly the Pleurisie of the girding Membrane In which if there be great Inflammation there must be pain increased from the pressing the breast and it wil extend it self outwarly because the Inflammation cannot be conteined in the thin Membrane or Periostia but must reach to the muscles joyned thereunto and so may be felt outwardly because the Breast is not so thick as we have known in the Inflammation of the Peritonaeum And in this kind If the Inflamation suppurate the Imposthume wil rather be outwaad then inward and there open But if it break inwardly the matter gets into the cavity of the Breast rather then into the Lungs because it cannot be carried so quickly unto them and pierce through them But as these Arguments prove that this may be so so it is probable that if the girding Membrane be ininflamed together with the Lungs and from them that that Inflammation in the Membrane wil be discussed rather then suppurated because the great quantity of Blood in the Lungs at that time cannot easily be in so thin a Membrane or if it could be it would rather be carried outward as we shewed and fil those muscles and there come to suppuration And hence it is that after a true Pleurisie though the girding Membrane be also inflamed and nothing appear outward yet an Empyema seldome followeth And this is like to be also when the dividing or intercepting Membrane is inflamed with the Lungs in which as being a different disease especially when the Inflammation reacheth to the Capsula of the Heart and Diaphragma there are grevious symptomes that seize upon the mind and endanger the life These Inflammations both in a Peripneumony and true Pleurisie being in any part of the Lungs or elswhere come from Blood with which the Lungs abounding by reason of the many great vessels and being hotter by reason of the Arteries and the nearness of the Heart it is easily inflamed And the Inflammations of the Lungs are more usual then of any other part This Inflammation comes from Blood as others when it is got into the substance of the Lungs out of its vessels which are the Arterial Veins and Venal Arterie and not into the branches of the rough Arterie for otherwise there would be a spitting of Blood this Blood therefore fils the Lungs and lifts them up causeth Heaviness and Compression and streightness of the Breast and inflames the Heart more that before commonly had a Feaver And by the Cough which it causeth when it is sent into the branches of the rough Arterie it makes the Spittle sometimes mattery and after bloody at length this Blood being ripened and concocted or suppurated is coughed up til it be all spent The substance of the Lungs being unhurt for if they be ulcerated a Phthisis would follow As we have seen often Blood alone and other humors turnd into Matter the substance of the part not being suppurated or ulcerated both in the eyes and other parts and in other Excretions made from the Lungs by other means Also it may chance that from Inflammation of the Lungs the Blood may fall upon the near side upon the girding Membrane and inflame it but not usualy because the Vessels are smal and few and the vein to which the fault is laid called Azygos is only on the right side and the Pleurisie is often on the left As from the Inflammation of the Lungs in a true Pleurisie when the sides are attracted and the girding Membrane pulled aside there may be a pricking Hence it is that Pleurisies are more usual then the peripneumonyes because the inside only of the Lungs are not so often inflamed as it is in a peripneumony but the Inflammation reacheth outward to the side adjacent in which the pricking is greater when they ly upon the sound side and the Lungs hang down being Inflamed and with their weight draw the girding Membrane then there is more pain then when they ly on the sick side and the pain is greater if the Membrane be Inflamed Upon which if so much Blood fall from other causes and inflame it the Lungs being sound there wil be another Pleurisie differing from the true as we shewed in which there is no such Spittle All these accidents in the divers kinds of pleurisies are also in a peripneumony which sometimes begins of it self and sometimes followes a pleurisie when the Matter is gathered inwardly and because the Heart is then more inflamed they cause a more sharp Feaver by which the Blood being heated also in the superior parts of the Body there is a redness in the Face and Cheeks This is counted the peculiar signe of this disease and it may be more observed to be in Peripneumony then Pleurisie and because this disease is more usual in old people if their Cheeks be red it is looked upon as a strange thing According to the variety of the Blood these inflammations of the Lungs are divers for if it be pure such as is in the veinous Artery it wil be a simple Phlegmon in which Spittle is mixed with pure Blood If the Blood be too thin or hot as in the arterial Vein there wil be a phlegmon with Erysepelas in which the Feaver is greater as it is if the Blood cause an Inflammation which is mixed with pure Choler and then the Spittle is bloody and yellowish Because this is usual it caused some to write that Peripneumony comes from an Erysipelas of the Lungs Also if melancholy be mixed with the Blood causing the phlegmon there is blackness with the bloody Spittle And if Choller joyned with Blood be the cause of this Inflammation then there is a Pleurisie or tertian Feaver as I have often observed Oftentimes also without these Diseases there is a discolouring of the Spittle and it is not bloody but yellowish greenish blackish from cholerick humors when the Blood is any otherwayes impure and mixed with vitious humors it causeth an impure phlegmon But if a phlegmon comes from a crude and waterish Blood it wil be an OEdema with gentler accidents and the Spittle less discoloured as in the Peripneumony called therefore crude Also from this diversity of Blood If the Inflammation be in the girding Membrane the Symptomes wil be greater or less Because no phlegmon comes from any other humor seperated from the Blood we cannot make the Defluxion of Flegm or other humor upon the Lungs or the gathering of it there to be the cause of a true Pleurisie or Peripneumony as some doe and call it flegmatick for if these humors are in the lungs they wil cause other Diseases that hinder breathing as we shewed in defect of breathing and if they fall upon the Muscles of the breast or upon the girding Membrane they will cause a false Pleurisie as I shewed The cause of this flux of Blood that causeth a phlegmon is often a Synoch Feaver which from the Blood inflamed in the Veins sendeth a
portion into the substance of the Lungs which produceth the Inflammation accompanied with a Synoch from whence it came And therefore the same causes of a Synoch as we shewed in Feavers are the causes of these Inflammations As Surfetting Drunkenness because they cause Fulness and make the Blood too hot are the causes of Synochs in young and old men that live deliciously therefore they are counted the cheif caufes of peripneumony and pleurisie and therefore they prescribed Abstinence from Wine and sat Flesh and Fish as Eels from whence they say the peripneumony cometh because the Blood groweth too fat from eating of fat Meats and therefore may be sooner inflamed except these fish have a peculiar force to inflame as the Sea-Hare hath to ulcerate the Lungs Hence it is that in Spring and in the time when Synochs are rife these Inflammations are most usual in these ages especialy which are subject to a Synoch not only with an outward Erysipelas but that which produceth a peripneumony These Inflammations are sooner in the Lungs then any other part If with the causes of a Synoch there be also a disposition in the Lungs to receive them which disposition is the natural Heat and plenty of Blood and thinness of Substance in the Lungs as also a weakness accquired from a disease which hath caused a Cough To which are added other causes which make them come out of the Vessels and flow to the Lungs as a hot distemper from Air Anger or a hot Disease as a Fever or an outward Cold by Air which pierceth the Breast and Lungs hence it is that this may be when the Veins are astringed Also vehement motion or pain about the Breast or other things that draw blood to the breast As in that Woman which conceived with Child in old age when her breasts that were formerly lank grew great by the flowing of blood to them to breed milk and fell into a Pleurisie And I have observed that divers Women in the middle of their time of breeding especially in the Spring after a cold Winter from a sudden cold and moisture have fallen into Pleurisies by reason of much blood flowing to the breasts to breed Milk These Causes except there be a Synoch scarse produce an Inflammation alone but rather a spetting of blood Or if they produce an Inflammation in the Breast without a Synoch asoregoing there will be only a simple Pieurisie by reason of the Muscles affected from the girding Membrane Or if the Lungs be also inflamed in both the Fever coming from thence will not be a Synoch which is the next cause of a pleurisie and peripneumony and begins with these Inflammations or goes before them but wil be symptomatical as we shewed in Fevers The Cure The Cure varieth as the Disease is divers which produceth these pricking pains in the Breast And it is eithere an Iuflammation of the Lungs in a true Pleurisie and peripneumony or of the Membrane in its pleurisie or a distension from Wind or tumor in the two kinds of false pleurisies called Flatulent and Flegmatick The Inflammation of the Lungs both in a Pleurisie and Peripneumony is dangerous The Prognesticks of a true Pleurisie and Peripneumony but most in a peripneumony by reason of the nearness of the Heart both cause Death either in the fourth or fifth day or in the fourteenth or twentieth When it tends to health it passeth the second or third week and first the pricking ceaseth then the Fever and last the Spitting of Matter but if it continue above the time mentioned and the Fever ceaseth not but is lingring it is to be feared that it wil turn to an Empyema or phthisis These following rules wil declare how these Diseases wil end If from the Lungs inflamed they presently spit mixed matter it is good especially if they Cough and expel it easily if otherwise it is bad This if it be blood or matter such as cometh from the part inflamed which is the Lungs it is allowed But if from the beginning the blood flows plentifully for some daies or cease and return again it snews great hurt of the Lungs But the sooner they spit matter white or concocted and the more easily and plentifully it is voided the better it is unless it be sent forth in such abundance as I have seen in a man that had a peripneumony und was ready to die that it fill a Bason this is a sign that the Inflammation is great and that a suppuration follows and also Death Purulent matter though yellowish is not bad till it be Yellow that whch is green is worse and black worst of all that which is white slimy and cleer prolongs the Disease That Inflammation that comes from pure blood is more gentle that which comes from cholerick or impure blood is worse and shorter but that which comes from flegmatick blood is longer but not so shatp And that which follows other long and acute Diseases is harder to be cured The peripneumony especially or the pleurisie in old people is deadly Great difficulcy of Breathing shews the greatness of the Inflammation or a great collection of the matter which suddenly flowing to the branches of the rough Artery causeth mote trouble and they breath with snorting and if they do not presently spet and hawk it forth it strangleth Cold of the outward parts the Face sunk and the pulse little foreshew Death as in other Diseases If the Fever be strong with Heat Thirst and Watching the danger is more if gentle less If there be a Delirium or Doting which useth not to be in these Diseases nor from the Fever accompanying them It is a mortal sign because it useth to come upon the distemper of the Septum or Diaphragma Bleeding at the Nose cannot be had in the beginning both in respect of the Fever and also for Revulsion But towards the end it weakneth especially if much Plentiful voiding of Urin and Sweat if they come seasonably cures the Fever and if they piss matter they suppose the matter come from the Lungs and the Diseases to be sent out of the way But if matter can be carried from the Lungs by the hollow Vein which is more manifest rather than by the other obscure veins in the Breast which joyn to the Emulgent which some men so diligently seek for and bragg that they have found out then in other Diseases there may be such a passage but this is very rare because in those that have been extreamly phthisical and empyematous no such thing hath been seen A Diarrhaea presageth Death for though some have thought otherwise yet little of the cause of the Disease can be purged by stool But if the Diarrhaea come at the first from other causes and stay not long it may be harmless especially if it take away any filth which may increase the Fever And I have often seen Pleurisies after I have given Oyl of sweet Almonds with pouder of a Bores tooth to go away
they are a Symptom Their kinds are as they are diversly manifest to sense A Compressing or stretching pain called Periodyna A compressing or stretching pain of the Heart is that in which there is felt a pressing or stretching in the lodge of the Heart more or less with loss of Appetite almost and loathing sometimes and with belching and somtimes vomiting or purging This kind comes from some new Cause very often and either stayeth a while or comes after meat and ends with concoction Somtimes it is the Symptome of divers Diseases so that there is scarce a person but hath felt it in a Disease or at other times A knawing pain is called Heart-eating A knawing pain of the Heart called Cardiogmos in which there is felt a biting with pricking in the said region of the Heart with Compression or Burning somtimes This is in many Diseases and in sound men sometimes when fasting especially some called Picrocholi from sharp Choler have it when they want their Dinner and it is often with bitterness of mouth and hindrance of sight Some have it chiefly before Supper when they are given to writing and lean upon their Stomaches by which they loose Appetite They who fear this prevent it by sitting upright or standing when they write Some have it in the morning before they rise when they lye long waking and after they are up and have been at stool or broke wind it is gone In others it comes as soon as they are up and goes away with sneesing Also this Knawing with Compression is after meat when it is bad or too much Of which Bairus makes a private sort of Heart-ach when they are cold after meat with sense of this Compression and difficulty of breathing this is called a turning of the Meat into Flegm Of which Galen speaks This may be at all times Cordiaca Fainting and from other Causes as it is afore Vomiting and from outward Injuries and Cold or from things swallowed that hurt the Stomach And when any fainting comes with this Disease called Cordiaca as we shewed in Fainting That pain which hath such Heat that it seems to burn Heart-burning is in sound people often whether full or empty That is most usual in which when they would belch they feel great burning the flame as it were being shut up in the Gullet and not able to get out especially after meat or violent Exercise the Germans call it Boyling Boyling of the stomach or burning we call it a Burning boyling of the Stomach of which we spake in Difficulty of Belching Also this Burning is the Symptom of divers Diseases of the great pain of the Stomach where it is burning pricking stretching and beating and is increased by touching of the part and reacheth to the Back and girds the Body like a Girdle and seems to draw down the Shoulders and there is labour and pain to swallow and belch and difficulty of breathing being quick and little and there is sometimes a continual Feaver by which means the Pulse is quick and Urin high with Spitting of Blood or Matter This is called the Inflamation or Phlegmon of the Stomach from the Cause of it And the Imposthume of the Stomach though it is more properly so called when it is turned to an Imposthume Also a most burning pain with vomiting and other dangerous accidents may come from another Disease of the Stomach called Erysipelas as we shall shew in the Causes The usual pain in the lodge of the Heart is called Cardilaea Cardilaea distinct from Cardialgia this comes from a small Cause and returns often There are two kinds of it according to the diversity of the Nature in which they are known by this some are of weaker and others stronger Appetite Such Natures as have weak Appetites and other accidents from weakness of Concoction Weakness of the stomach is called a disturbance of the Heart are subject to usual pains of the Stomach compressing or stretching and sometimes knawing and are troubled from the least offending meat and other outward things especially cold from which they are forced alwaies to defend their stomaches These pains come from Weakness of Stomach and are there described and are called by the same name Those Natures that have stronge appetites A hot stomach is called a disturbance of the Heart and eat greedily and gorge themselves have pains of the stomach as shall be shewed in the Causes They are from great excess and also sharp or salt Meats these pains are called a hot distemper and are described in a hot Constitution The Causes The place or part affected is the region or lodge of the Heart not the Heart it self for it is not under it nor is it sensible as I shall shew but the Stomach which is in that region or some parts of the Colon or Midriff that reach thither The Cause of this is from the Stomach which is on the left side of this Region The cause of Heart-ach is in the stomach and is very sensible especially at the mouth of it which hath very remarkeable Nerves And this mouth of the Stomach is called Cardia because it is next under the Heart and there goeth through the Midriff and joyneth to the Ventricle and therefore the pains thereof are felt as if they were in the Heart and as it were communicated unto it and cause a Swounding if they be great as we shewed in Cardiaca All these pains in this region are called pains of the Heart or Cardialgiae And the pains of the Stomach are divers by reason of its exquisite Sense and often injuries by things taken in and brought to it and because it sticks out and is so exposed to more danger These pains are either primarily in the stomach of it self from some cause afflicting it as a Disease which is either a hot or cold distemper stretching heaviness twitching or irritation especially when there is a helping Cause that is a Disposition of the Stomach from a weak or hot Constitution Or they are by consent in the stomach from the nerves that are planted in it These pains I have seen but seldom but they were with much grief and mourning and somtimes a little doting and they alwayes ceased after vomiting they are chiefly in Semitertians Of these in their order A hot Distemper alone without matter doth scarce cause pain A hot distemper of the stomach is the cause of heart-ach because the stomach is delighted with hot things and when it is very hot from things taken in or hot Diseases as in Feavers Heat of the Liver and the like there is thirst rather then pain except another accident happen as we shall shew in the hot Constitution of the Stomach The Stomach is somtimes so inflamed Inflammation of the stomach is the cause of heart-burning that from the Veins abounding there Blood is sent into the substance thereof and then follows that burning pain which we call an
I saw in the year 1530. There is another Anthrax or Carbuncle pestilential The pestilential Anthrax as we shewed in pestilential Feavers with one or more Pustles like Phlyctaenae or Clavus red round about afterwards blew green or black ending in a black Crust and a lump like flesh like the former The pain is not in this so great as in the former at first there is itching and a little burning and after corruption the skin and flesh mortifie as I have often observed and there is no feeling and at length it falls from the sound flesh and leaves a hollow Ulcer There is somtimes a Bubo with it near to the part as we shewed in pestilential Feavers where we shewed also that a Pustle came at the beginning of the Carbuncle without a Feaver from the Contagion and presently vanisheth The Diseases with Ulceration by which with Hippocrates Vlcers in the Superficies of the Body we understand all Solution of Continuity are so in the Superficies dividing and hurting the skin as a Cleft Excoriation or Burning others are deep in the flesh as a Wound or Ulcers Of which in order A Cleft or Fissure or Chinke in the skin is more or less gaping Clefts and Fisures called Rhagae according to the deepness thereof They are chiefly in the Palms of the Hands and Fingers and Soles of the Feet And if they be in the thick skin the Lips are hard and swollen they are also in the Mouth Fundament and Womens Privities and Nipples and in the Praepuce and Eye-brows and in the Tongue As we shewed in the inward Diseases of thâ— Mouth There is another kind of Chapps or Clefts which are high Pernio or Chimetlon by reason of the thick skin with hard Lips and end in perverse Ulcers it is called Pernio or Chimetlon it comes from great Cold in the thick skin of the Soles of the Feet especially in the Heel somtimes in the Palms of the Hands and Nostrils and Ears as shall be shewed in the Causes Excoriation Abrasion or Attrition is called Intertrigo Excoriation or Intertrigo when the supreficial part of the skin is separated from the quick with pain when it is touched It differs from a Wound because that is deeper it is from divers internal and external Causes especially from Riding when men are galled or from long keeping in bed and in Children from piss and the mattery Pustles in the Privities are Excoriations which itch so grievously When the scarfe skin only comes off and the true skin is not bare it causeth no pain but falls off like Bran and is called Furfur or Scales as in the Palm of the Hand Ustion or Burning is when the scarfe skin or skin Burning or flesh also is hurt by actual or potential Heat And it differs chiefly in that some is more superficial others deeper raising a Blyster and then there is pain or burning the true skin and making a Crust or Eschar after which is an Ulcer Or the skin and flesh also are burned and consumed And then the pain is greater with Inflammation somtimes and Suppuration leaving a great Ulcer A Wound is the Solution of continuity in the Body Wounds in the Superficies of the Body from an outward Cause it is simple or Compound A simple Wound not accompanyed or changed into another Plaga or Cut. is by a Cut it is greater or less even or uneven Puncture or deeper A wound by a stab is a Puncture or prick it is with a great or little Orifice Gun-shot Gun-shot is of a sudden with great or small Orifice deep dividing unequal bruising and breaking the parts and somtimes taking off All these may be in divers parts and wound the Skin Flesh Membranes Nerves Vessels and Bones making lame and reaching inward to the Brain Lungs Heart Stomach Guts Bladder Liver Spleen c. and cause divers Accidents following In all three kinds of Wounds there is bleeing first large if it be great or where the Veins are large or in the Arteâ—ies but little when small or in the little Vessels or a narrow prick through which somtimes little or no Blood can come And when the Puncture is large it may also come to pass that no blood may come forth because it all falls inward When bleeding is stopt there is Sanies or Blood and Matter and then it grows foul after like an Ulcer into which it turns as we shall shew Somtimes other Matter comes forth of a Wound as Meat and Drink when the stomach is hurt and Excrements when the Guts are wounded or Urin when the Bladder is wounded or some part of the Body comes forth as the Brain Lungs Liver Spleen Guts There is pain in all more or less and the greater as the part is more sensible The part somtimes swells without Inflammation or withers or is otherwise deformed or lame And the Functions are hurt as when there are Convulsions Resolutions Cramps and Contractions from Wounds and when the inward parts are hurt they are worse A Contusion is from a stroak or fall not only with a Tumor A comused Wound but without and with pain only as we shewed in Tumors and is with a wound in which the skin and subject parts are more or less unequal bruised and cut with little or no bleeding and a tumor round about and colour'd as a Contusion with a Tumor only and it is more easily suppurated and turned to an Ulcer There are also Wounds partly bruised partly cut and pricked these are when the edge is blunt or from a bite when the wounds are many and deep according to the length of the Teeth and the flesh bruised by the broad Teeth These are easily inflamed and turn to perverse Ulcers There are also uneven wounds with Saws and Instruments Uneven Cuts which cause perverse and somtimes incurable Ulcers There are also Compound wounds as when there is an Inflammation with a wound A Wound with a Phlegmon then it is called a Wound with a Phlegmon This is oftnest from a Puncture or Gun-shot And there is then a Tumor with an Ulcer and new pain and it may gangraene When a Wound grows foul with matter or humors A Wound vlcerating it changeth its Nature and is an Ulcer And the Ulcer is Compound when the wound is is with a broken bone A Wound with a Fracture or bone-hurt Others are venemous from a poysoned Sword or Bullet Poysoned wounds or from biting of Beasts as a mad Dog or Serpents and then there are great accidents and dangerous Also men fasting especially if they be cholerick or come from fury are venemous if they bite To these may be referred the stinging of Bees Wasps and Spiders Stinging in which though there is no wound yet there is pain redness and swelling especially if the Breast be venemous as the Phanlangius Scorpion An Ulcer is the foul solution of continuity Ulcers in the
that the total and perfect Cure of the Scurvey is by Evacuation and things that alter by manifest or secret Vertue contrary thereunto by which also the cause is taken away and the Distemper amended We must evacuate those Humors which we perceive chiefly to abound and because that Melancholy is thought the chief which is in the Meseraick Veins about the spleen or in the same they study to evacuate that onely by bleeding purging and sweating They bleed if the Body be full before purging in the Arm and Hand on the left side sometimes in the Foot especially in Women when the courses stop Also the opening of the Haemorroids is very profitable After a Clyster or the cleansing of the Guts from Excrements and Blood-letting if need be we prepare the superfluous Humors and evacuate them And because they are Melancholy you must prepare and purge with the same things that we used for the pox as therein at large is mentioned But you must not continue so long purging as in the pox but only at first somtimes repeating them To which Remedies you must add things that open Obstructions especially in the Bowels and Spleen which are the occasion of Melancholy therefore you may use the remedies prescribed to prepare and purge Melancholy and to open Obstructions mentioned in other Diseases of Melancholy and they will be more fit here if you mix those things that alter and are properly enemies to this Disease Sweating is good in the Scurvey as well as in the pox but it must not be of so long continuance but after purging now and then in a morning in the Bed or in a hot House if strength will permit Therefore the Decoction of Guaicum Sarsa and Sassaphras and the rest mentioned in the pox are good Or we may give treacle or mithridate or which is better the thick Juyce of Dwarse-elder Elder or Juniper adding to three ounces of these one ounce and two drams of Syrup of Poppies or give the stilled Waters mentioned in the altering Medicines We use things that alter the maglignant Distemper of the Scurvey which are by a secret propriety contrary thereunto Some Plants which are sharp which Experience teacheth have a propriety against the Scurvey among the which Scurvey grass is the chief a sharp Herb like Water-cresses this all men conclude to be the Antidote against it Whether it be eaten in Sallads or made into a conserve with sugar and eaten often or the Juyce be boiled to a Syrup and so taken or it be boiled in Milk or Wine or Ale and drunk constantly or the distilled Water thereof Water-cresses are judged to be of the same Vertue taken as Scurvey-grass or with it Brook-lime also is good though it be not so sharp Wild Purslain also or great Stone-crop which is a little biting may be added to these Also the Herb and especially the seed of Mustard which candied with Honey like sweet-meats is excellent not only for the Cure but the prevention of the Scurvey There are divers other things that correct the Distemper at the first in the Liver and Spleen by opening Obstructions which are mentioned in the like Diseases of Melancholy in the form of Decoctions Syrups Infusions in Wine distilled Waters Conserves Electuaries Pouders and Tablets and Pills made thereof Which are made of these following which are openers of Obstructions and good against the spleen the five opening Roots Avens Restharrow Elicampane Rhubarb and Monkes Rhubarb the Leaves of Fumitory Thyme Epithymum Polypody Bugloss Germander Agrimony Tamarisk Celandine Burnet and bitter things as Gentian Squills Hedg-hysop Wormwood four things Sorrel Wood sorrel and of the hotter Medicines for cold people as Bettony Mints Sage Rosemary Staechas Organ Hysop Mugwort Rue Bay-berries also of Spices as Nutmeg Mace of Minerals as Vitriol Steel Iron Bezoar-stone and the like Cordials As for the Symptoms of the Scurvey the Tumors and Ulcers of the Gums you must use such Remedies as in the Diseases of the Gums drying Waters with such things as are properly against the Scurvey as Decoctions of Scurvey-grass Brook-lime Water-cresses or the Waters or Juyces thereof Also the Juyce of Oranges crude and boiled especially in the filth of the Gums to wash and to drink inwardly Also Lapis prunellae or Salt-peeter prepared mixed with the things mentioned or with Sage Self-heal Privet-water or the like is an excellent Remedy for the Ulceration of the Mouth and Gums approved by Experience If there be Ulcers in other parts the like Medicines are to be applyed The spots in the Leggs and elsewhere because they vanish when the Disease is cured require not a peculiar cure and if any remain after use the Remedies against spots in Discoloration 〈◊〉 after accidents be as Contraction or Resolution of Members or Leucophlegmacy or a Dropsie you must direct your Cure at that and proceed as we shewed in the like cases in Motion Hurt and Tumors CHAP. V. Of Consumption of the Body The Kinds VVE call that a Consumption when the Body or any part thereof is consumed or decayed for if they grow leaner we spake of that in Deformity when Magnitude is diminished also when the internal parts are consumed as the Bowels Liver Spleen Kidneys without Corruption as hath appeared by Anatomies as also it may be found in the Lungs Heart and Brain we have spoken thereof in the Hurt of the great Functions But of outward Consumption whereof we here speak There are two sorts one when the whol Body another when any parts thereof is wasted or consumed Somtimes the whole Body consumed in thickness Leanness or Slenderness and not in length which seems to be increased in some there is a falling away or Leanness and if it come from want of Nourishment it is Airophia as shall be declared in the Causes but if the whole Body or the greatest part consume it is called Tabes and then the Temples of the Face fall in and the Eyes and the Nose grows sharp such a Face is called Hippocrates Face because he so described it also the Cheek bones stick out the Mouth keeps open except the Beards of Men keep them from being perceived In the Breast all the Ribbs are visible and the Grisâ—le like a sword between them is bent the shoulder blades are like wings and the Channel bone like a bow under which there is a deep pit and they stick out the Back bone is plainly seen but the Belly is fallen down and seems empty except a Dropsie follow the Neck is slender long and unequal and the external Larynx or Bone called Adams apple is visible the Buttocks are lank the Hipps fleshless the Coccyx or three lower bones is like a Tayl the Legs Arms Hands and Feet are lean and withered and they seem swollen about the Joynts because the adjacent flesh is lost the Nails grow longer and at length crooked sometimes the Roots are so consumed that when they grow again the hinder part grows lower and there is
especially flesh which requires more Nourishment then other parts and being soft is sooner consumed but the harder parts as Bones Grisles Membranes consume not because they are nourished with little and are more firm as we see the bones of dead Men last long This want of Nourishment is from divers Causes and first because it is not bred or it is unprofitable or it is hindered When the Bloood is not sufficient then because the Juyce nourishing the parts faileth and the fat continually decaying is not renewed by the like the body consumeth this is from want of Chyle in the first concoction when sound men have too little Food or sick men too little Appetitâ— which causeth decay as well as the Disease And this may come from other Diseases of the Stomach as want of concoction when there is little or imperfect chyle as in the Tympany those parts which are not consumed The body is extenuated from the want of a second concoction when the blood is not made this causeth an Atrophy this is from the fault of the Liver or Spleen as weakness c. When a Cachexy or Leucophlegmacy from their actions diminished or from their actions lost so that there is little or no blood also other Diseases of the Liver or Spleen breeding a Dropsie Ascites may cause an Atrophy therewith where the parts above not swollen like Feet and Belly are consumed these are described in the cause of the Dropsie The blood is unprofitable and unfit to nourish if it be foul not crude which causeth cachexy and Leucophlegmacy but impure then it breeds Leanness or Atrophy which is joyned with Cacochymy and if it be watery it gets the Atrophy with the Dropsie Ascites this is from the first concoction which is not mended in the second or in the third as we shewed When the blood is stopped from a part it hath an Atrophy The want of Nourishment from â—â—ood hindered is the cause of the Atrophy of a Part. this comes from an outward cause for the internal from want of blood would cause Leanness of the whole body The blood is hindered from distribution by the Veins stopped and pressed by the Dislocation of some Joynt as the Hip from which follows often an Atrophy of the Legs and sometimes Numness if the Nerves be pressed with the Veins Also when Members are too long bound or if the Veins are straightned by a Callus Tumor Node or Wenne about the Joynts or cut off especially if the great Veins or many be so cut off for the lesser Veins and few being cut there are others to nourish the part And if the great Arteries be cut off there will be Mortification rather then Consumption For the want of Substance making Juyce and of Natural Heat The want of substance making Juyce is the cause of Consumption or Tabes the Body consumes and that somtimes through age for as the body grows thereby being young and flourisheth thereby in middle age so in old age as that decayes the Body consumeth through the driness of the parts also which comes by their Temperament whereby they are withered The same may come from Labour Care and Diseases being vehement and persevering whereby the radical moisture and Natural Heat is consumed and weakned as in old Age so before by Labour and Cares and Diseases Men become sooner weak and lean and so continue all their lives except the Natural Heat be not so weakned but it may be repaired And then though they be very lean yet if they leave off Labour and Care and grow sound they will recover their former Vigor It happens through the change of the Constitution into a more hot and dry temper The change of the Constitution into hot and dry is the cause of Marasmus when all the parts are of a like temper that the Body doth not increase in young Men and in the aged it decreaseth and groweth dry and withered As in a Hectick Feaver coming from the heat of another Feaver which changed temper of the Heart making it too hot and dry the Body consumes of a Marasmus as we shewed in Hectick Feavers And though it is by degrees in this kind of Hectick yet is it of a sudden in Colliquation or melting and it follows a burning Feaver the extream Heat whereof did not onely turn the temper of the Heart into hot and dry but melted the substance whereby the whol body became dry and consumed As I shewed in the melting Feaver This is not only in simple Hecticks but in such as are joyned with a Distemâ—er of the Lungs The Ptysick is caused by the change of the Constitution into hot and dry and a Hectick Feaver so that the Body consumes as in a Hectick and this is called Phthisis Ptysick because the Lungs distempered are the cause of it This Consumption rising from a filth and Rottenness of the Lungs doth continually disturb the Heart adjoyning by Heat and makes it and the whol body hot and dry which causeth a Hectick Feaver as other Hecticks come from other Feavers as we shewed in Feavers The first Cause of this Rottenness of the Lungs and the Hectick that comes from thence and the Consumption that follows that is the Ulceration of the Lungs till they rot so that the Lungs are in part or all one side turned into matter and the Vessels of the Heart which are joyning to the Lungs are lost on that side and as it were cut off about the Heart and a Callus at the Root And this Corruption hath been so great that the Mediastinum that divides the Lungs and the Pericardium or Case for the Heart have been infected thereby These things being thus the matter which breeds in the Ulcer of the Lungs Matter in the Breast is the Cause of Empyema is not only spet out as it falls upon the Branches of the rough Artery but at length when the substance of the Lungs is divided by corruption it fals into the Cavity of the Breast and there being heaped up it causeth the-Disease called Empyema This appears to come from the Ulcer by Anatomy for when there is corruption of the Lungs you shall alwaies find some matter in the Breast As also in regard that matter coming from the Suppuration of the Membrane that compasseth the Breast fals seldom into the same for it will rather fal out of it as was shewed in the Pleurisie But an Impostum growing to the Membranes or to the outward Tunicle of the Lungs being broken by other Causes then Inflammation may send its matter into the Breast or matter may flow there 〈…〉 as they say may be from an Angina suppurated or Squinsie or from a Defluxion of Flegm into the Breast But in regard there is no passage from the Neck into the Breast and if they should get into the rough Artery except they were coughed up they will rather fall into the Lungs then the Cavity of the Breast this is not probable