Effervescency of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 118 Chap. 20. Of the Motion of Blood through the Lungs deprav'd Page 146 Chap. 21. Of the Alteration of Blood by Air Inspir'd and Expir'd deprav'd Page 154 Chap. 22. Of the Inspiration of Air deprav'd Page 158 Chap. 23. Of the Expiration of Air deprav'd Page 169 Chap. 24. Of the Nourishment of the Lungs deprav'd Page 182 Chap. 25. Of the Perfection of Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 189 Chap. 26. Of the Motion of the Heart and Arteries or the Pulse deprav'd Page 191 Chap. 27. Of Fevers in General Page 197 Chap. 28. Of a Fever of One Day Page 206 Chap. 29. Of Synochal commonly call'd Containing Fevers Page 217 Chap. 30. Of Intermitting Fevers Page 240 Chap. 31. Of Synechal or Continual Fevers so especially call'd Page 287 Chap. 32. Of an Hectie Fever Page 290 Chap. 33. Of Malign Fevers Page 297 Chap. 34. Of a Vniversal Languishing as also of Swenning and the Syncope Page 300 Chap. 35. Of the Palpitation of the Heart Page 333 Chap. 36. Of the Flowing of Blood out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart through the great Artery to all the Part 's of the Body deprav'd Page 338 Chap. 37. Of the Nâ—urishment of all the Parts deprav'd and in special of an Atrophia or Pining Page 342 Chap. 38. Of an over-Fleshy and Fat Constitution of the Body Page 346 Chap. 39. Of a Cachâ—xie and in special Anasarca and Lâ—ucophlegmatia Page 348 Chap. 40. Of the Reslux of Blood through the Veins from all the Parts to the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd and in special of an Inflammation Page 354 Chap. 41. Of the Generation and Separation of the Animal Spirits in the Brain and Cerebellum deprav'd Page 369 Chap. 42. Of the Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nervs deprav'd Page 382 Chap. 43. Of the over-perfecting of Blood in the Spleen deprav'd Page 392 Chap. 44. Of the Generation of Choler deprav'd Page 396 Chap. 45. Of the Retention or Excretion of Choler in its Pag deprav'd Page 407 Chap. 46. Of the Motion of Choler to the Gut hindred and in especial of the Jauâ—dice Page 412 Chap. 47. Of the Mâ—tion of Choler to the Blood through the Liver deprav'd Page 43â— Chap. 48. Of the Mixing of Choler with the Blood in the Liver deprav'd Page 432 Chap. 49. Of the Preparation of Lympha of the Glandul's in the Conglobated or great Glandul's deprav'd Page 435 Chap. 50. Of the Motion of Glandulous Lympha through the Lymphatic Vâ—ssits and Thâ—râ—cie Passage to the left Juguler or Aâ—illâ—r Vein As also the Dropsie of the Brâ—â— Page 450 Chap. 51. Of the Preparation of Spittle in the Conglomerated or Clusterd as well upper as lower Glandul's of the Jaws deprav'd Page 456 Chap. 52. Of the Motion of Spittle into the Mouth and Gullet deprav'd Page 464 Chap. 53. Of the Generation of the Juice of the Pancreas deprav'd Page 466 Chap. 54. Of the Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas to the small Gut and its Effervescency with Choler deprav'd Page 474 Chap. 55. Of the Separation of Vrin in the Kidneys deprav'd Page 477 Chap. 56. Of the Descent of Vrin from the Kidneys through the Ureters and its Passage into the Bladder deprav'd Page 498 Chap. 57. Of the Retention of Vrin in the Bladder and its Excretion through the Vrethra deprav'd Page 500 Chap. 58. Of the Excretion of Sweat deprav'd Page 506 The Author and my Worthy Friend having both largely Epistoliz'd to this Work I think it needless to add farther save to let the Reader know that where he meets with â„¥ it signifies an Ounce Ê’ it signifies a Dram. ℈ it signifies a Scruple semis Half M. an Handful when plac'd in a Receipt M. Mix them when at the end of a Receipt Sp. Spirit Syr. Syrup The Authors Cholagogue Electuary Chap. 2 Sect. 46 Hydragogue Electuary Chap. 7 Sect. 55 Carminative Spirit Chap. 9 Sect. 29 Plaster Discussing Wind. Chap. 14 Sect. 58 Egregious Preservative Water Chap. 28 Sect. 31 Diascordium Chap. 58 Sect. 22 Of Oily Volatil Salt being so frequently commended in the most Chapters of this Book and kept as a Secret by the Author see my Advertisement at the end of the Book ERRATA PAge 8. Sect. 4. line 8. for there read thence P. 10. S. 16. l. 2. those things which P. 46. S. 10. Vomiting and its contracting Motion is turnd only in it self As P. 48. S. 22. Matter seeing it usually follows P. 126. S. 39. blot out Chap. 29 c. P. 144. S. 123. manifest them to P. 154. S. 3. read as Nitrous P. 163. S. 24. hence to the Right P. 187. S. 23. Inflamable The other small ones the Reader is desired to correct A New Idea of the Practice of PHYSICK The Distribution of the Work 1. IN our delivering a Practice of Physick for our Auditor's sake and profit compendiously and indeed not much unlike the Platerian Method we will first propose those Diseases which are more single seeing the knowledg of Compound and Complicated Ones is easilier opened if the former be known 2. And seeing Man's Health is manifâ—â—ted by the perfection of all his Functions and his Sickness by the hurt and deficiency thâ—reof we judg it fit to treat of the Diseases in order that are obvious to Physicians in practice according to the diversity of the Functions in Man that are hurt because they either constitute produce or follow them 3. All which serve either to preserve the Individual or to propagate our Kind 4. The Functions which are to preserve the Individual are well-divided into the Natural Functions sâ—rving to the various change of Food and the Animal Functions in the knowledg of any Things by the External and Internal Senses and hence consisting of the various motion of the Mind and Body 5. So we will distribute our Practice into three Books which shall treat of the Diseases belonging to I. The Natural II. The Animal Functions III. Those pertaining to Generation deprav'd 6. For rarely is one Function only hurt in the Sick but for the most part there are more hurt together Which if they depend one of another or of the same cause only the Sick shall be said to be troubled with only one Disease which has its denomination from the chief and most grievous or most notable Symptom but if they do not depend one of another and arise from divers causes then shall the Sick be said to be afflicted with divers Diseases and those of a differing Name 7. Those things which are received into Man to preserve Natural Life are either Meat to be swallowed or Air to be sucked in 8. Although there be the greatest necessity for such as Breath to suck in Air and Man cannot want Air so long as Food yet because breathing of Air seems to be ordained to alter Food in the right Ventricle of the Heart in some only nâ—t in every
living Creature we will rather begin at the taking of Food baing vitiâ—aed and then handle the wayes how breathing is hurt where Food carried out of the right Ventricle of the Heart in and by the Lungs hath need thereof The First Book of the Practice of PHYSICK OF Diseases either constituting or producing or following the Natural Functions hurt CHAP. I. Of Thirst Deprav'd 1. WE therefore assign the first place among Natural Functions to Thirst because the first Natural Passion of Man newly borâ— is to Thirst and by sucking Milk out of the Breast asswages his Thirst 2. This Thirst is vitiated chiefly when it is either augmented or depraved for seldom is it lessened or taken away with loss to Man neither can we believe that Thirst or its Cause is truly taken away in certain raving People with driness of Mouth and burning heat of Body because they are insensible and do not observ it 3. I take Thirst augmented to be deduced for the most part from too sharp Choler carried down into the small Gut and there so raising an effervescency with the Juice of the Pancreas or Sweet-Breads flowing thither that thence are elevated Salt Vapors but not bitter to the Ventricle or Scomach and Gullet and there produce a sense of Drought 4. This Choler being too sharp or its Salt Vapors if they pierce through the Lacteal Vessels to the Heart the like may be said of the same Choler carried thither by its passage through the Liver and infect the Blood too much with its saltness nothing hinders but that the Spittle then should turn more or less salt or sharp which will less temper Thirst and rather augment it 5. Another cause also of Thirst augmented is a Salt Humor distilling from the Head to the Gullet and there producing a perceivance of Drought and Thirst and then either falling thence also down to the Venâ—â—icle or drawing forth Matter for Salt Vapours in the small Gut by which in like manner a greater Thirst is stirred up 6. Besides the now-reâ—ited Internal Causes more External Causes of augmented Thirst may â—â—â—carâ— And 1. indeed the Aer heated by the Fire or Sâ—â—â— â— Food salted or aromatically sharp and dry 7. In like manner the Exercise of Body and vehement motion do encrease Thirst and among the Passions of the Mind Anger chiefly or a great terror and also prolong'd Watches and the Body both too costive and too loose much Sweating Vrine voided plentifully a notable evacuation of Blood Milk or Seed c. 8. And in like manner as the Lixivial Salt either abounding or too sharp in Choler augmmâ—nts Thirst so the other parts in Choler being vitiated seem to deprave it which seeing it may be manifold both on the account of the manifold parts of which Choler is composed wherein every one may be faulty it is difficult exactly and distinctly to prosecute and accurately to describe every one of those Kinds and the causes of its depravedness 9. Add that both the Juice of the Panereas and Phlegm of the Guts can not a little deprave Thirst by waxing vitiously fervent with Choler by a vitiousness peculiar to it self 10. The Cause of depraved Thirst can be attributed to none particularly of the six non-natural Things so called yet to a vitious effect of more things concurring togâ—ther with them by us as yet not to be explain'd 11. Thirst augmented is Cured chiesly with watry Liquors which dilute the lixiviat Salt of Choler and deduce it to the Bladder and with sowr things which potently destroy and change its Acrimony and with Oily Liquors asswaging its sharpness as Milk and Emulsions prepar'd of oâ—ly Seeds 12. So Watry Acid or Sowr and oily â—â—quors may fitly be om dâ— and then they will effect more For Example sake take this following Form â„ž Barley-water â„¥ xxx Flowers of Râ—d Roses â„¥ ss Spicit of Vitrol what suffices to make a gratefu s we taste Let hese stand in warm Water of and for three hours or till the Water be reddish called Tincâ—ur of Râ—ses to which when strain'd add Syrup of Jâ—jubs â„¥ iii. M. and let it be a most grateful Julep 13. If any cannot take Acids let him use this following â„ž Barley-water â„¥ xx Cinamon-water â„¥ i. Syrup of Violets â„¥ ii ss Lapis Prunellae or Nitre â—urified by Solution and CoagulationÊ’ i. M. 14. The party thirsting may use either of these Juleps by spaces taking â—a moderate Draught thereof till Thirst be restrain'd 15. If a milky Emulsion do please better take this following Form â„ž Barlâ—y clearsâ—d and boiled till it burst â„¥ i. Sweet Almâ—nds cleansedÊ’ ii with Barlâ—y-water make an Emuâ—siâ—n to â„¥ xii adding Julep of Roses â„¥ i. M. 16. To make this Emulsion more grateful and to strâ—ngtheâ— the Sick and Wâ—â—k add sâ—me Cinaâ—â—â—-water or to discuss Wâ—â—â— a little Fenel-water and use it by turns 17. But where Rest cannot be obtain'd and is dâ—â—â—â—◠〈…〉 tâ—â—◠〈…〉 of White-Poppy Seâ—ds with the other things â—â—d make an Emulsiâ—â— of these so two things are done by one laâ—our 18. Sometimes to deceive Thirst especially where the Sick are not pleas'd with much Water some of the aforesaid Lapis Prunellae or Niter purified may be kept in the Mouth in which case also grateful Pellets of Sugar and Juice of Citrons or Barberies are proper 19. Mutton or Veal-Broth also asswage Thirst being boiled with much Water and without Salt 20. As often as a Salt Catarrh or the like Spittle is the cause of Thirst augmented so often administer such Physick for it as will temperate that saltness by Pills of Hounds-Tongue and such like and then if Salt serous Matter abound in the Blood purge it by Stool or Vrine of which hereafter 21. Depraved Thirst is cured by those things which correct the Constitution of Vitious Choler the Juice of the Pancreas and Phlegm in the Guts or of other Humours which because they are not now so manifest all universal Things which do amend any Humors what-ever may with profit be us'd and chiefly volatil oily Salts but somewhat moderate ones and indeed joyn'd to watry Liquors and by turns given in Wine not too strong CHAP. II. Of Hunger dâ—prav'd 1. HVnger is call'd the Appetite of Mâ—ats as Thirst is of Drinâ—s 2. The chief kinds of Hanger vitiated are when it is Augmented Diminish'd Abolish'd and many wayes Deprav'd 3. I judg the chief Cause of Natural Hunger to be the remainders of Food fermented in the Ventricle and there staying and still more and more fermented by part of the Spittle adhering to them being continually swallow'd down and at length raising a some-what sowr and grateful Vapour which pleasingly affects the upper Orifice of the Ventricle and so produces Hunger 4. This Natural Hunger especially where Food is with-held somwhat longer than ordinary is encreas'd even in healthy People by the Juice of the Pancreas carri'd down to the small Gut and after the separation and farther descending of Food
of the Guts and admitted into the Lacteal Veins ought to be transferr'd and driven forward through the same to the Cistern or common Receptacle or Passage of the Thorax situated about the Loins 2. This Motion is deprav'd when it is hindred in one or more places and Chyle moves too slowly forward or is quite Stopt and Stands still 3. Chyle is hindred in its Motion through the Lacteal Veins when being too Thick and Tough it is driven forward too slowly 4. Chyle is made over-viscous because of such-like Food taken too plentifully or too long 5. Chyle is stopt in its Motion and stands still in the Lacteal Vessels when they are Obstructed somtimes by the foremention'd Chyle over-viscous Coagulated in them other-times by the Phlegm of the Guts Driven forward into them and there Coagulated 6. Phlegm of the Guts is Driven forward into the Lacteâ—l Veins as often as it is Dissolv'd by the Motion of the Body or vehement Exercise or Heat of the Air wâ—â—â— sort soever of the Sun Fire Bath c. as also somtimes by a Feaverish Burning and other things then also concurring in the Body especially Dissolv'd upon taking hot or warm Drink and so becoms fluxil and fluid 7. The same Phlegm is Coagulated as also over Viscous Chyle in the Lacteal Veins rarely by Coldness of the Air suddenly following Heat to wit when the Body is carried out of an hot place into a cold out of a Bath into a Cellar or open Northern Air and the Belly being less cover'd than ought admits sharp coldness through the open Pores but more frequently by Drink too cold taken in abundance soon hasting to the Guts and not only powerfully cooling both the Guts themselves with all parts near them and so the Lacteal Veins but thickning and coagulating what is Contain'd in them 8. The over-Viscous Chyle or Phlegm of the Guts being thus Coagulated in the Lacteal Veins and an Obstruction made in more or fewer of their Branches is stopt and settles presently in the same whatsoever is driven into them out of the Guts either of Liquor rising from the continual conflux of Choler the Juice of the Panereas and the Phlegm of Spittle or of Chyle or Drink only drunk plentifully and it does by degrees more and more distend the same so far that at length they burst and consequently either first this manifâ—ld Mâ—isture receiv'd into them and intercepted in its Motion is pour'd out between the Membranes of the Mensenterie or presently after into the Cavity of the Belly 9. I take this often to be the Breeding of the Dropsie Ascites and chiefly when it is produc'd suddenly by much Drink as in a Burning Feaver with an urgent and permanent Thirst join'd I remember has been done within three days time 10. This Obstruction may be Prevented 1. By taking heed of using over Viscous Food and especially from Ravening any 11. 2. By Vsing Medicins that Correct and Educe Phlegmatic and Viscous Humors often mention'd 12. An Obstruction made or prudently conjuctur'd to be in the Lacteal Veins by the aforesaid Contrary Causes mutually may be Cur'd by Medicins that do powerfully Cut especially Sudorific Aromatics rather taken often than together and at once only For so I have observ'd that Obstructions are more happily easily quickly and safely Open'd 13. To this end therefore the following Mixture taken at short spaces by Spoonfuls to break forth the Sweat may be us'd and afterward to be given when it comes forth though not so often then â„ž Parsley-Water â„¥ ii Fenel simple Treacle-Water of each â„¥ i. Sp. of Salt Armoniac 20 drops Syr. of Carduus Benedictus â„¥ i. M. Or â„ž Fematory-Water â„¥ iii. Scurvy-grass Water Aqua Vitae of Matthiolus of each â„¥ i. distill'd Vinegar â„¥ ss Crabs-Eyes pouder'd Ê’ ss Salt of Wormwood Diaphoretic Antimonie of each â„¥ i. Syr. of the five Roots â„¥ i. M. 14. The Lacteal Veins will of their own accord Close again after their Obstruction is taken away as happens to a Vein open'd 15. The Waters Collected in the Cavity of the Bâ—lly by various Humors flowing out through the Vessels Burst and producing the Dropsie Ascites being peccant in Place will be remov'd out of that place both by strong Hydragogues and also Sudorifics and a Paracenthesis or boring the Belly 16. The Hydragogues are often propos'd in this Work among which the best are prepar'd of Elder or Dwarf-Elder Jalap-Root Elaterium and Gum-Gotte not neglecting Crystals of Silver 17. Sweats to this end may be given usefully both by what is taken in often and newly mention'd and especially by a moist or dry Bath join'd together 18. And if these profit not in a short time you must hasten to a Paracenthesis not that common one so very dangerous but a new one that is so very safe by a Silver hollow Needle gently thrust into the Belly about four fingers breadth below the Navel and so many at its Sides and drawn out again after a sufficient effusion of Water and again at another time or day thrust into the same Hole except it be judg'd fit to make a new Hole elsewhere 19. This Chirurgical Operation is void of danger because the Needle being drawn out there will no more Liquor run but apply the Plaister Diapalma or the White one boil'd or any like it whereby the bored Place is not only fenc'd against all the injuries of External Air but its Consolidation promoted 20. But this Paracenthesis must not be delay'd lest whilst it is too long delay'd the Humor collected in the Belly get an hurtful Acrimonie and by degrees corrode and corrupt the Membranes and hence the Substance of all the parts contain'd and so make the Disease incurable CHAP. XVIII Of the Sanguification of Chyle in the Right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd 1. CHyle carri'd continually to the Passage of the Thorax out of the Lacteal Veins and there confus'd with the Lympha whencesoever flowing goes forward with it into the Jugular or Left Axillar and hence the Cava or hollow Vein where it is mix'd with the Blood with which it is driven forward into the Right Auricle and then Right Ventricle of the Heart to be chang'd into Blood 2. We think that this Change of Chyle into Blood begins in the Jugular or Left Axillar Vein but chiefly in the Trunk of the Hollow Vein connex'd to them and absolv'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart and perfected partly in the Lungs partly in the Left Ventricle of the Heart and Great Arterie 3. The Chyle has its Rudiment of Blood if I may be Judg from the Blood Descending to the Heart with which it is confus'd in the aforesaid Vessels 4. The Chyle also receives its Form of Blood from the Choleric Blood Ascending to the Heart and as well flowing together in the Right Ear of the Heart as especially in its Right Ventricle with the Lymphatic Blood with which we said Chyle was mixt and raising an Effervescency of great Moment
hours 7. Or because of the high Volatility and Acrimony of Choler whence the Blood is not only more Dissolv'd but the Lympha also more sluggish as we judg it happens in the Pest and all Malign Feavers in which the Sick so oft are suddenly and unexpectedly extinguish'd 8. The same Vital Esservescency is Abolisht 2. By the fault of the Lymphatic Blood Descending which is by reason of the over Acidity of Lympha whereby Choler is not only opprest and as it were suffocated in the Heart and together with Choler the Vestal and Vital Fire or the Blood it self extreamly coagulated is made unfit for its naturally following Rarefaction 9. We scarce ever think that such a Defect can be thought of Lympha for which the Vital Effervescency may be Abolisht unless perhaps the Passage of the Thorax be somwhat Prest Wounded or Burst and therefore the greatest part Standing still or Run out another way Neither seems it probable that all the Conglobated Glandules from which we judg the Acidity of the Lympha procedes can be so affected alone that therefore the Acid Lympha should be deficient in the Heart For as often as the Body is congeal'd with Cold the extreme Parts are not less but more seiz'd on by it than the internal Glandules that lie hid in which besides the Lympha is not so much diminish'd as corrupted by Cold although then its Motion be both alter'd and disturb'd as we observe it falls out in the Stuffing of the Head in which all Motion of a Humor both to the Nostrils and also to the Jaws is Stopt first with an Heaviness of the Head whence the name Gravedo afterward the Humor Distills more plenteously and often thinner and sharper than is wont to wit Sowrish Salt and then this Disease is properly call'd either Coryza whilst it runs out by the Nostrils or Bronchos whilst it is carri'd down to the Jaws and begets an Hoarsness as a Cough when it slides down farther into the Sharp Arterie of the Lungs and provokes and compels them to a more mov'd and violent Expiration 10. The same Vital Effervescency is Abolish'd 3. By too many Vapors rais'd in the most vehement Effervescency and so employing all the space in the Right Ventricle of the Heart and hence in the Vessels of the Lungs that the Fire then also breaking out is choak'd by them and extinguish'd otherwise it had been Vital neither is there further place granted to the new Effervescency presently following 11. The Vital Effervescency is Abolish'd by too many Vapors in the Right Ventricle of the Heart not only in as much as the space in the Vessels of the Lungs is deni'd to new Blood that should raise an Effervescency and consequently undergo a Rarefaction but also in as much as the Lungs being extremely distended by the aforesaid Vapors can neither be farther unfolded nor reciprocally complicated nor yet Respiration very necessary to temper the Heat of Blood can be perfected 12. But the same is yet abolish'd 4. By too much Blood filling all the Vessels Veins and Arteries in the Plethora call'd at or in the Vessels and Athletic Habit and that for want of Space to receive the Blood although meanly to be Rarefi'd after a due Effervescency 13. The same Vital Effervescency is Abolish'd 5. By the over-potent Vital Fire rais'd in the Heart rarefying the Blood more than enough and to an Height whence by the defect either of a Space large enough in which it may be receiv'd or sufficient Cooling whereby the hot Blood might be temper'd our Vital Fire is often Suffocated in the most Burning Fevers by its own fault 14. The Effervescency of Blood somtimes Ceases in the Right Ventricle of the Heart for a time not only short but often very notable to wit for one or two days the Pulse and Respiration to be concluded taken away to outward Sense as is always in the most grievous kind of Hypochondriac Suffocation and the Syncope and also somtimes in a lighter kind of the aforesaid Suffocation and Swouning Fits join'd with the Pulse stopt to Sense such as is frequently observ'd in these Regions 15. For we must not pass it by that the Pulse and Respiration are not always taken away to Sense in every Hypochondriac Suffocation or lighter Swouning Fits although they be perpetually more or less hinder'd or diminish'd seeing the Voice it self and Speech somtimes are more or less hinder'd 16. The chief Cause of this Effervescency Ceasing for a notable time is viscous and also Acid Phlegm not too much exceeding in plenty otherwise it would be Abolish'd with Death following join'd to the Lympha and hence to the Descending Blood and carri'd to the Heart 17. The Cause of the same Effervescency Ceasing a short while about a quarter half or a whole hour is judg'd by me to be a Viscous also and Acid Vapor or Wind-piercing out of the Small Gut through the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Thorax to the Heart 18. For as this Viscously-Acid Phlegm is more plenteous or solid or more consistent or less in quantity or more Vaporous so it will hinder our Vital Effervescency more or longer or less or shorter while and seem to take it away at least to External Sense seeing it may deservedly be doubted whether indeed and actually it be taken or may be taken away without the Patient's Death the solution and determination of which Doubt will depend on the Prejudice or Opinion of every one given about the following Question to wit Whether Life can remain without a continual and new Sustentation and Generation of the Vital Fire Or whether the same could be extinguish'd for a while and again be kindled and restor'd in the Heart of its own accord or by help of Medicins before that a deadly Corruption possess the Blood and the other Humors 19. Our Vital Fire may be said to be kindled and restor'd in the Heart of its own accord when Acid and Viscous Phlegm being join'd in too much plenty with the Descending Blood doth so oppress Choler coming with the Ascending Blood that for a space there is no power of it observ'd till by the help of this same Choler the aforesaid Phlegm being reduc'd and brought back by degrees to some mediocrity a new Fire rises up and restores Life to the Body perhaps taken away for a time 20. By the help of Medicins our Vital Fire may be said to be kindled and restor'd when in the aforenam'd Diseases one or two Drops of some very Aromatic Oil with a little Aromatic Spirit of Wine or any other convenient Liquor once or often pour'd into the Mouth of the Sick who is in the Agonie of Death pierce to the Blood infected and worst affected with the aforesaid Viscously-Acid Phlegm may raise or stir up suddenly or by degrees the Vital Fire it self languishing or extinct by correcting or amending Phlegm and also strengthning and relieving Choler 21. But an ingenious Searcher of Truth may question
Whether such an Aromatic Oil fitly call'd Balsam of Life or any other like it whose stupendious force in such a case is not unknown as well to them that are Expert in the Art of Chymistry as Skilful in the Practice of Physick be join'd to the Blood almost condenst to Death by Phlegm Viscously-Acid in the Right Ventricle of the Heart or elsewhere 22. As much as I am able to attain by the best of my Understanding that I may study to satisfie this Question saving to every Man his particular Judgment I judg it no wise absurd to think that this Conjunction of the Aromatic and then truly Vital Oil with Phlegm Viscously-Acid too much thickning Blood happens in the Vessels of the Lungs seeing that nothing offers to hinder that some part of the over-thick Blood may be driven forward into the Arterie of the Lungs before either the Pulse or Respiration be taken away to Sense This being asserted it will not be difficult to explain how the strength of the Aromatic and Vital Oil should pierce easily to the Right Ventricle of the Heart as I conjectur'd then more or less open'd and also by the Blood it self not less coagulated in the Arterie of the Lungs then too much in the aforesaid Ventricle and therefore less fluid 23. These things being inserted as it were by a Parenthesis to incite Wits note that the wonted Effervescency and hence the Rarefaction of both sorts of Blood flowing together to the right Ear of the Heart and therefore both the reciprocal Expansion and Contraction of the Heart and the Pulse it self is more or less hindred and stopt by both the mention'd Causes to wit Phlegm and a Vapor Viscously Acid which is observ'd therefore not to be in the Syncope and certain kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation hitherto to be reduc'd altogether to Swounings 24. Among the six Non-natural Things an Vnexpected grievous Sorrow of Mind or Terror and somtimes the biting Cold of Air or Water makes that Cessation of the Vital Effervescency somtimes and oftner in Persons dispos'd to it because of the Viscous and Flatulent also and Acid Humors now already in the Body in Women especially and others of a more fearful Nature 25. II. This Effervescency of the Blood Descending and Ascending to the Heart is Diminish'd and so becoms Less or Weaker by the fault of either the Choleric or Lymphatic Blood 26. Of the Choleric when Choler is not sharp enough or is too little in the Ascending Blood 27. Choler is produced in the Body not sharp enough 1. Because of the over-cold and moist Air. 2. Because of Phlegmatic Watry Oily Acid but not Sharp and Aromatic Food and Sauces over-long us'd 3. Because of much and deep Sleep 4. Because of Rest and sluggishness of Body 5. Because of the Mind void of Care fearful and sad 6. Because of the Monthly Courses or wonted Sweats supprest 28. Choler is found too little in the Ascending Blood for the same Causes newly mention'd and chiefly by a Choleric Loosness or over-great emptyings of Choler wrong done whence the natural quantity of Choler is diminish'd 29. By the fault of the Lymphatic Blood the aforesaid Effervescency is Diminish'd when the Lympha of the Glandules in the Blood is not Sowr enough or too Little or over-Viscous 30. This Lympha is found in the Blood not Sowr enough 1. Because of Hot or Rainy Air. 2. Because of Phlegmatic Watry Oily or Aromatic but not Acid Food and Sauces 3. Because of much and deep Sleep 4. Because of sluggishness and too much Rest of Body 5. Because of the Mind void of Care or Angry 6. Because of the Monthly Courses or a wonted Loosness supprest 31. The Lympha comes too Little to the Blood for the same Causes newly recited and especially because the Lympha stands still or is carri'd another way by reason of the Glandules ill affected in the Stuffing of the Head and other such-like Diseases 32. The Lympha is too Viscous in the Blood 1. By such-like Food long us'd 2. By the Cold and Sharp Air. 3. By a grievous and long-continuing Sorrow of Mind 33. III. The same Effervescency of both sorts of Blood flowing together in the Heart is Encreas'd and becoms Greater or more Potent by the fault of either or of both 34. Of the Choleric when Choler is too Sharp or Plenteous in the Blood Ascending 35. We nam'd the Causes of over-Sharp Choler in Chap. 1. Sect. 6 7. And Chap. 11. Sect. 18. And Chap. 18. Sect. 14. 36. Choler is too Plenteous in that Blood both when it is found more than naturally Plenteous in its Bag and when its Descent to the Gut is hindred and also when it abounds that is is provok'd by an External or Internal Cause to Pour it self out any way as is wont to be in the Disease Cholera and several Burning Fevers 37. The Gall is too plenteous in its Bag chiefly by the frequent use of Bitter especially Aromatic and Sharp Sauces and Medicins 38. The Descent of Choler to the Gut is hindred by reason of any Narrowness whatsoever that is in its Passage to the Gut 39. Summer-Fruits frequently stir up the Disease Cholera of which in Chap. 15. Sect. 8. Chap. 29 c. 40. We intend to give you the Causes and Manner of the rise of Burning Fevers below in Chap. 29 c. 41. Let it suffice that we have here noted Choler may abound by an inward Cause that is be provok'd and compell'd to pour it self out of its Bag as often as some of a Volatil Acid Liquor pierces thither together with the Blood and forces Choler to raise an Effervescency whence no wonder if it runs out at any Passage given and now being carri'd to the Guts stirs up Vomitings or Choleric Loosnesses or being carri'd to the Liver and thence rushing to the Heart breeds Burning Fevers 42. The Vital Effervescency in the Heart is encreas'd by the fault of the Lymphatic Blood when the Lympha is not so Plenteous as Volatil and Sharp though too Little flowing to the Heart with the Descending Blood 43. And such is the Lympha by the abuse of Sauces or such like Medicins such as are Wine of the Maise and Rhenish a little Sowr and also Spiritous strong Wine Vinegar Citron Juice us'd with Spiritous Wine Spirit of Nitre c. 44. But if Choler together with Lympha be peccant after the aforesaid manner who sees not that this Effervescency of both sorts of Blood must yet be hurt and encreast of necessity 45. IV. The same Effervescency is perfected more Quickly because of too little Phlegm in the Blood and Choler and Lympha therefore too sharp and less temperd 46. Phlegm is too Little in the Blood 1. Because of Summer and subtil hot Air. 2. Because of Food or Sauces and Medicins very sharp and Aromatic too plenteously us'd and others neglected which are wont to breed Phlegm 3. Because of a vehement long continu'd motion of the
〈◊〉 〈…〉 We have often prescrib'd in this Treatisâ—â— and â—â—pecially in Chap. 9. Sect. 23 c. those thing◠〈◊〉 Amend and Discuss Vapors and Wind. 〈…〉 Solid Reasons compose the Mind troubled 〈…〉 and diâ—arbing all the Humors in the Body 〈◊〉 â—o the Sick Minâ—â— by Manly reasoning and by potently compelling its Assent both to former serenity and also leading and confirming it patiently and stoutly to bear the most troublesom things when they cannot be alterd 128. 5. By what means both hurtful Food and vitions Air ought to be shund or corrected is often told before 129. Seeing that the Vnequal Afflux to the Heart one while of Choler anon of Lympha or of any other hurtful Humor which stirs up an Inordinate Effervescency of Blood in the Heart arises as well from divers Passions of Mind as the other Non-natural Things diversly but suddenly and reciprocally invading the Sick it may be Cur'd also by divers helps as well Spiritual consisting in a consequent reasoning as Corporal known by the name of Medicins often to be chang'd or ingeniously to be mixt according to the diversity of accompanying Symptoms 130. Seeing all these things may without difficulty be had out of what is aforesaid lest we should cause loathing by continually repeting them to the Reader we will rather hasten to what follows studying brevity CHAP. XX. Of the Motion of Blood through the Lungs affected 1. THe Blood raising an Effervescency waxing Hot and Rarefying in the Right Ventricle of the Heart opens its Passage by degrees more and more till by that displaying the provoked Heart contracts its musculous substance by the help of the Animal Spirits and also presses out the Blood containd into the Artery of the Lungs out of which being pourd through the substance of the Lungs which seems most probable to me into the Vein of the Lungs goes on unto the left Ear of the Heart and its left Ventricle 2. And whilst the Blood goes through the Lungs it is mildly temperd in its Heat and warmness and more or less condensd by the Air suck'd in lest the newly kindled Vital Fire in the Heart and Blood should be Suffocated by over-plenteous Vapors raisd up by too much heat 3. This Motion of Blood through the Lungs is Affected 1. When there is None 2. When it is too Slow 3. When it procedes too Swiftly 4. When the Blood is driven forward another way than it ought 4. I. There is No Motion of Blood through the Lungs 1. Because of its Defect in the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Hollow Vein being greatly wounded and almost all the Blood that should otherwise flowd to the Heart effusd within or without the Body 5. 2. Because of its Coagulation and Concretion although I can scarce imagine a sudden exceeding great one unless perhaps in the most grievous Syncope by a Sowr sharp Humor carri'd abundantly to the Heart as we observ'd has often been done by sowr Spirits infus'd by a Syringe into some notable Vein of a Dog 6. 3. Because of the Contraction of the Heart ceasing in a most vehement Apoplexie by reason of the Motion of the Animal Spirits through the Nerves to every part hinderd 7. 4. Because of too much Filling again of the Vessels of the Lungs both often in an extreme Plethora and seldom in any Obstruction of most of the Vessels of the Lungs 8. When this Vniversal Motion of Blood through all the Vessels of the Lungs is very much hindred and ceases or is Extinguisht by the defect of Blood or Suffocated by its plenty or standing still they soon die unless suddenly the Blood abounding be diminisht by breathing a Vein or flowing more plenteously be turnd another way as the Matter requires 9. When the Blood ceasing to move only in some Vessels of the Lungs by reason of an Obstruction stands still there for some time it breeds a Peripneumonia that is an Inflammation of the Lungs 10. II. Blood is mov'd more slowly through the Lungs either 1. because of its Viscousness produc'd by Phlegm alike Viscous whencesoever arising 11. Or 2. because of the Narrowness of their Vessels though not extreme 12. Or 3. because of the Scarcity of the Animal Spirits moving the Heart more weakly whether they have been consum'd too much by Grief Watchings solicitous Meditations Cares Wearyings of the Body c. Or if they have not been repais'd by protracted Hunger at least the defect or neglect of Spiritous Food 13. III. Blood is mov'd more speedily through the Lungs Either 1. because of its encreast Fluidity by any serous Humor abounding in it 14. Or 2. because of over-great Heat in the Heart stirâ—d up any way together with a more potent and therefore swifter Rarefaction of Blood 15. Or 3. because of a Sharp Humor or Vapor carri'd together with the Blood to the Heart and provoking it to a more frequent contraction of it self and expulsion of the Blood contain'd 16. IV. The Blood driven forward through the Lungs is mov'd another way than should be 1. When it breaks forth into the Sharp Arterie out of its Vessels corroded or burst and is anon cast out by the Mouth in the Haemoptoc that is Spitting of Blood 17. 2. When it is essus'd into the Substance of the Lungs out of its Vessels any way opend and produces a Peripneumonie 18. 3. When it falls out of its Vessels Wounded into the Cavity of the Brest where being gatherd and chang'd into Matter constitutes an Empyema or Spitting of Matter 19. The Vessels of the Lungs are often Corroded by sharp and salt or sowr Humors falling down out of the Head to the Lungs seldom if ever by such-like carri'd together with Blood to the Lungs 20. The same Vessels are Burst 1. By a Cough Crying aloud Leaping or any other over-vehement Mâ—tiâ—n of Body 21. 2. By Blood waxing too potently warm in the Heart and withal too much Distending the Vessels of the Lungs by waxing too thin 22. The same Vessels are Wounded by any sharp Instrument a Knife Sword or any other like it struck into the Lungs through the Brest or Midrif piercing and cutting their Vessels 23. I. The Motion of Blood in and through the Lungs Deficient because of its defect in the Right Ventricle of the Heart cannot be Cur'd 24. A strong and sudden Coagulation and Concretion of Blood is to be esteemd Incurable but that which comes by degrees and is gradually encreasd may be Cur'd by Medicins that break and temper the over-sharp Acidity and so such as are both Spiritous and Oily and especially have a Lixiviat Salt although volatil oily Salts do chiefly conduce to Man as consisting of all and every thing that is aforesaid and are not only transfus'd most speedily every way in the Body but do potently enough though mildly effect and perfect the desired amendment of the over-sharp Sowr Humor if diluted and often us'd in a convenient Liquor 25. Among the Medicins commonly known Crabs-Eyes are
1. THe most do judg that Respiration was ordaind to temper the heat of Blood over-heated by the Effervescency newly describ'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart because a more evident Heat is observd in the Universal Body and especially in the Heart of those living Creatures that have Lungs and therefore a double Ventricle in the Heart which that it is allayd and temperd by the Air Inspired is evident by inconveniences following the Air that is less fit to moderate it 2. As I do not deny that this is so I judg the Air inspired does chiefly conduce again to condense the Blood much rarefi d in the Right Ventricle of the Heart 3. But how or after what manner and way the Inspired Air alters the Blood to both these ends is not so manifest I think it is in as much as the Nitrous and somwhat Acid parts are disperst in the Air that are able to condense the hot and rarefi'd Blood and mildly lay its heat 4. I distinguish between the Somwhat-acid and Nitrous parts of the Air seeing that the more or less Acid is more simple and the Nitrous more compounded to wit of Acids but not any but such as are also Oily joind with a lixiviat Salt which the artificial that is Chymical Solution and Composition of Nitre makes manifest 5. That manifold parts flie in the Air not only Watry Fiery and Earthy but also Oily Spiritous Lixiviat and Acid Salts divers ways more or less mixt with all of these the many Experiments not unknown to sedulous Searchers of Chymical Changes do evince although most abstruse to Lazy Counterfeit Philosophers every-where and pratling Cavillers which somtimes if the Matter require we intend to publish for their sakes who are good and addicted to one Truth with many others out of our own Observations as yet unpublished by the blessing of God plenteous enough though our Adversaries snarle at it 6. This Tempering to be made in the Lungs no less useful than necessary by Air Inspired is Deprav'd either when there is None or too Little or somtimes too Much. 7. There is no Tempering of the Blood when very hot and quiet Air is the cause whence a Man often fals into a grievous Swouning or Death it self The Blood being highly rarefi'd and fluid and therefore overwhelming and suffocating its internal Fire for want of the newly mentiond Nitrous or Acid parts 8. The Blood is more sparingly temperd by the Air Inspired with the same Cause but lighter when the Sowr and Nitrous Parts are fewer or more sluggish at least fewer are suckt in by Inspiration than were desired to temper equally the present and urging heat and rarefaction of Blood 9. Fewer Parts of Acid or Nitrous Air are drawn in because of Inspiration it self hindred which is to be explaind in the next following Chapter 10. The Nitrous or Acid parts are too Few or Sluggish in the Air by very great Heat or Moisture in it a Sign whereof moreover if not also a Cause is usually a great Calm of Air. 11. The Oily parts of the Air rarefie potently but the Salt and Sowr are allayd and become too sluggish by the Beams of the Sun both Fiery and Spiritous the most frequent cause of the hot Air as being dissolvd by watry or rainy Moisture they are weakned whence no wonder if such being suckd in are less fit to temper the heat of the Blood 12. The use of Bellows so very useful in moderating the heat of the Air by a mild agitation evinceth the quiet Air to be less fit to temper the Blood than when it is but a little mov'd 13. As it is evident that Cold is produc'd by any Wind or by the motion of the Bellows from the Sense of Cold in the external parts receiving the Air so mov'd which I judg is partly by the discussion of the Fiery Parts collected about us the heat of the Air urging and therefore producing a greater heat in us partly by the bringing together and gathering of the Nitrous and Acid Parts first either broken or driven away every whither and remov'd from each other by the fiery Parts at least by more plenty and efficacy of those fiery less perceived by Sense 14. The Blood carrid through the Lungs is too much Temperd that is Condensd and Coold by the Air Inspir'd when the Nitrous or Acid parts abound in the Air by which often especially in the Winter-Season the North Wind blowing and in the Regions near the cold Zone and chiefly when the Universal Body was first too hot then Blood is so coagulated in the Lungs that it begets an Obstruction in its Vessels or middle windings of the Lungs whence follows always a Stoppage of Blood it self and somtimes a Bursting of the Vessels by their Distension and an Effusion of Blood together with a Peripneumonie encreasd by the Blood continually flowing to it and after the Aposteme is opend a Consumption of the Lungs call'd Phthisis and afterward for the most part Death 15. The Tempering of Blood in the Lungs Abolisht and Diminisht may be Cur'd by changing the very Hot Air with Cold whether Natural or Artificial For such Air Caves and Cellars under ground not seldom Nitrous are wont to contain Such do we make by Art by diluting Nitre or Salt Armoniac in Water and presently pouring it out on the Chamber-floor or by sprinkling sharp Vinegar alone or mixt in like manner with Water or in like manner casting sowrish Plants or their Leaves and Flowers in the Chambers by the help of all which we encrease Sowr and Nitrous Parts in the Air. 16. The great Calm of Air by the Winds quite laid is artificially to be stird by Bellows or any other way stirring up the Wind. 17. The moisture of Cloudy Air is corrected by making a clear fire with Wood. 18. The following Chapter will teach how Respiration hindred may be Cur'd 19. The too great Condensation and Cooling of Blood carri'd through the Lungs may be Cur'd by changing the over-sharp and cold Air for hotter and more calm and by kindling in a fit Chamber Fires great enough and by using Medicins that allay the Nitrous and Acid parts of Air admitted 20. How to Cure the other harms following this chill Air Inspir'd and before mention'd shall be shown beneath in Chap. 40. where expresly shall be handled of an Inflammation CHAP. XXII Of the Inspiration of Air Deprav'd 1. WE said in the former Chapter that the Air was both Inspir'd and also Expir'd mildly to condense and cool the Blood waxing hot out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart and driven forward through the Lungs to the Left Ventricle 2. This Inspiration of Air happens as often as at the expanding of the Midrif downward and elevating the Thorax upward the Lungs adjoind to both are together dilated as we judg we have proved it abundantly in many things in Our Eighth Physical Disputation 3. The same Inspiration of Air is Deprav'd 1. When
Asthma Incubus and Hypochondriac Suffocation joind with the Fear or Sense of Strangling To which we may add an Interrupted and Hindred Inspiration in the Hicket Sighing and pricking pains of the Pleurisie 22. In a simple Hard Breathing the Inspiration is wont to be little and also quick but in an Orthopnaea less quick and much greater and indeed with the Neck streight and stretcht forth as in an Asthma there is observd besides a more difficult Inspiration proceding with Labour a Wheazing or Snoaring in the Brest together with a Cough in which often somthing is spitted out often nothing with the Night-Mare to them only that sleep and especially on their Backs a Dream of weight pressing the Midrif and threatning a Suffocation is join'd whence Melancholic People are often wont to dote wonderful things to themselves of a certain or uncertain Person hated The Jaws are so streind in the Hypochondriac Suffocation depraving Inspiration more commonly befalling People awake than asleep that the Sick think themselves in danger of Strangulation 23. In an Hicket Inspiration is interrupted by uncertain and unequal Intervals by reason of the Convulsive Motion of the Midrif somtimes more othertimes less which suffers a continued though lesser Interruption joind with oftness whilst Sighs do urge as in a Pleurisie it is chiefly interrupted as often as the Feverish Heat urging more there is an endeavour of more Breath 24. Every Dyspnaea is stirrd up both for the most part by Wind or Vapors produc'd in the Small Gut by Phlegm rarefi'd by Choler and rising up partly through the Stomach and Gullet to the Mouth hence perhaps piercing farther into the Pipes of the Lungs with the inspired Air and partly being carrid plenteously through the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Thorax to the upper Hollow Vein hence the Right Ventricle of the Heart lastly the Vessels of the Lungs and their spungie Substance it self stick there and so hindring their explication no less requisite than complication thence strangely and sorely vexing the Sick and somtimes by viscous Phlegm falling down out of the Head and seizing on the Pipes of the Lungs and producing a divers narrowness in them Whence according to the simplicity or complication of these Causes and so a greater or less harm sundry kinds of the Dyspnaea do arise and somtimes less other-times greater 25. In the Asthma and Orthopnaea for the most part both Causes concur although in the Asthma which is call'd Hidden Vapors or Wind only seems in my thoughts to molest and that the same do effect all in the Hard Breathing and Hypochondriac Strangulation whosoever attentivly examins and weighs all the Symptoms then befalling the Sick will easily acknowledg 26. We intend to give you the Breeding and Cure of the Hicket Sighs and the Pleurisie in the next and 40th Chapter 27. I. We have related somthing of the Cure of the Syncope and the most grievous kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation in Chap. 19. Sect. 70 c. which may there be seen 28. The Inspiration of Air Abolisht the Brest and Midrif being deficient together in their Motion by the defect of the Animal Spirits in the most grievous Apoplexie is Incurable because any impediment cannot be soon enough taken away by which the rising of the Nerves is so comprest that Passage for the Animal Spirits through Them to the lower parts is deni'd 29. The Inspiration of Air Abolisht because the Sharp Arterie is much straitned may be estemed for Incurable unless the Blood Matter Phlegm or any other thing which fills it be soon expelld with strong Expiration or the Band that straitens it in its Strangulation be taken away 30. The same Inspiration Abolisht the Mouth and Nostrils being both stopt may be Cur'd by taking away forth-with the Causes stopping lest otherwise Death follow in a short while 31. So the Inspiration of Air Abolisht by an Obstruction of the Jaws and chiefly of the Throat may be Cur'd by speedily removing any Cause of an Obstruction either by drawing it out or by forcing it into the Gullet and hence to the Stomach 32. The same may be Cur'd there being an extreme Straitness of the Throat because of the Squinsie molesting by curing the Squinsie any way by letting of Blood in the Limbs to turn it away and under the Tongue to draw it forth and by Cataplasms and Gargarisms both of a potently Cutting Ripening Faculty and such-like 33. If the Inspiration of Air be Abolisht by the compression of the Throat by an Halter it may be Cur'd if the Halter be loosd or cut in time 34. II. The over-Frequent Inspiration of Air 1. Because of the encreasd Kindling and Rarefaction of Blood in the Heart may be Cur'd that Heat being allaid as well by Letting Blood as by temperat Acids or Salt Nitre either pure or after it has been fir'd by the help of Sulphur into the Salt or Stone call'd Prunellae 35. 2. The Inspiration of Air not sufficient and therefore ton Frequent arising by the hindred due explication of the Brest the Gristles being of a bony hardness and so inflexible cannot be Cur'd unless by softning the Gristles which what Medicins can perform is known as yet but to a few although there have been some who have even softned any Bones bow'd them variously and again have hardned them according to their pleasure which is admirable 36. The Cure of an Hindred and over-Frequent Inspiration because of the Pain of the Pleurisie follows the Cure of the Pleurisie to be had in the general Method of Curing any Inflammation of which see Chap. 40. 37. 3. The Inspiration of Air two Frequent and hindred following an Inflammation of the Midrif may be Cur'd that being cur'd according to the forecited general Method 38. The same Inspiration hindred because the Midrif is hindred in its expansion may be Cur'd in the Dropsie call'd Ascites by emptying Water out of the Cavity of the Belly any way when the Woman is with Child by sending out the Birth in the Tympanie when the Stomach or Guts are distended with Wind by thrusting them forth or by their own ceasing 39. 4. The Inspiration of Air not Sufficient and too frequent following the Substance of the Lungs either made too Fleshy and Solid or Wrinkled is by me esteem'd Incurable 40. The same caus'd by a Peripneumonie may be Cur'd it being Cur'd after the manner of other Inflammations 41. The same when to be ascrib'd to a mean straitness of the notable Branches of the Sharp Arterie may be Cur'd the Cause of that Straitness being taken away somtimes Internal filling its Branches more or less somtimes External and sticking in the substance of the Lungs and compressing them of which in general we must speak elsewhere 42. Here you may observe as often as the Sharp Arterie is stopt with Phlegm whether fluid or viscous or sharp or mild or with Blood clotterd or dissolvd or with Putresi'd Matter thick or thin or somtimes in those that are
and the farther â—arming of the Ulcerated Part is not only hindred but moreover the total Cure hereof is promoted especially if according to the vehemency of the Disease or various largeness of the Ulcer one or two drops of it be us'd thriâ—e four times or oftner in a day in a Spoonful of any Pectoral Decoction or Mixture or at least Sugard Beer 37. The same Blood carried whencesoever into the Sharp Arterie of the Lungs lest it clotter there and hence corrupt is to be kept Dissolvd by convenient Medicins or is to be Dissolvd again and Voided To which purpose Crabs-Eyes together with Diaphoretic Antimony are to be preferd before many others being dissolvd in a little distild Vinegar and taken some grateful things being added seeing that they do the main Work here For Example take the following Form by Spoonfuls â„ž Hyssop Fenel-Water of each â„¥ i. Matthiolus his Aqua VitaeÊ’ ii Distilld Vinegar â„¥ ss Crabs-EyesÊ’ ss Diaphoretic Antimony ℈ i. Syr. of Maiden-Hair â„¥ i. M. 38. But in such Mixtures as have Crabs-Eyes dissolvd in Vinegar beware lest Syrups made of Mucilages be added to them such as are that of Marsh-Malows Jujubs Violets and such-like because presently or soon after they thence become thick like Mucilages and unfit for use which will not easily be if the Syrups us'd be prepar'd of Aromatics and especially fresh enough seeing many become more viscous in length of time 39. When by the proper Disease of the Lungs Blood pure or corrupted into Matter is voided by Coughing there is greater danger wherefore we must hasten the more to its Cure lest the opportunity here if any where urgent be lost by delay for the singular Substance of the Lungs is easily infected and corrupted but difficultly restor'd and repaird 40. Therefore must we not cease from the use of Medicins that cure the efflux and corruption of Blood burst out of the Vessels of the Lungs till the evil be wholly taken away Yea I advise that a sparing use of mild Medicins should be continu'd for some time after the Disease is cur'd to sense whereby the part once affected may be strengthned against the access of a new evil and therefore easily again affected 41. As in other Cases always so here you must diligently attend to the Medicins that most conduce to every particular Body whereby they may be preferd before the rest and as long as they profit continue in the use thereof And as soon as ever they are observd to profit less substitute others in their room and so the Health of the Sick is to be promoted every way 42. A Dry Cough arising from cold Air or Drink may be Cur'd by often stopping Expiration whereby the Heat in the Lungs and Jaws being encreasd the harm arising and molesting by external cold may be corrected 43. Let me therefore here admonish you in general that the Breath held as long as may be and so also the Cough being hindred by force will not a little conduce to allay and mitigate any Cough and especially a Dry one by which means I have often observd both in my self and others that a Cough otherwise troublesome enough has been wholly taken away or diminisht as in like manner I have often noted the Hicket also so Cur'd 44. When very Viscous Humors are the Cause of a Dry Cough they are wont to be amended and corrected by those that potently Cut being continually swallowd in a small quantity for which use the Bechic White Troches Alicampane-Root pouderd and reduc'd with Sugar into Tablets or Pieces cut c. may serve if they be held in the Mouth and being dissolv'd with the Spittle are continually carri'd down together with it into the Sharp Artery 45. Catarrhs that are Salt and Sharp breeding a Dry Cough may be corrected and temperd by the Pills of Hounds-Tongue or Styrax c. so often mentiond by Me not neglecting Hydragogue Purges 46. Vapors or Wind rising up to the Lungs from the Small Gut through the Lacteal Veins raising a Dry Cough require for their Cure Medicins 1. That Temper or Educe Humors which are always Phlegmatic and Choleric and somtimes also Acid. 2. Such as Discuss Vapors and Wind or asswage them as well in their rising as after it The most whereof are often before propos'd and among others in Chap. 9. Sect. 29. my Carminative Spirit of great power in curing this Disease happily CHAP. XXIV Of the Nourishment of the Lungs Deprav'd 1. HItherto I have thought with others that own the Circular Motion of Blood that the Blood is not only alterd by the Air Inspir'd but moreover that it is driven forward out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart into the Lungs to be nourisht by it Whence as the Lungs alone receive this Blood so I thought they alone were nourisht by it until last year an Artery arising from the Descending Trunc of the Great Artery was discoverd by the Observation of the most diligent Anatomist and famous Embalmer of Bodies Dr. Frederic â—uysch a Physician at the Hague containing in a public Discourse An Explanation of the Valvul's in the Lymphatic and Lacteal Vessels and some rare Anatomic Observations and because it accompanies the widenings of the Wind-pipe call'd by him Bronchialis and as it carries the Blood elaborated and perfected in the Left Ventricle of the Heart to the Lungs it is assign'd by him for their Nourishment 2. But although when I came to Print this Chapter it happend opportunely that there was a Body of a Youth who perisht with Cold to be Cut in the public Hospital and I sought diligently the Artery in it aforesaid by the mentiond Treatise but without success yet would I not therefore herein mistrust so famous a Man but rather lament that a few days after I was hindred against all right by some through preposterous spite less addicted to the Common Good and oft hurful whereby I could not Dissect the Body of a Youth dead of Difficult Breathing and search out the second time the forenam'd Artery to demonstrate i Ì„t in public for the sake of many Students earnestly desiring to know this thing by ocular Inspiction especially seeing that the same Dr. Ruyseb had in one word shewn me the way to observe it more certainly and had also told to others that the same thing had happend more than once which had happend to me 3. Whether therefore the Lungs receive their nourishing Blood by this Bronchial Artery or together by that of the Lungs as oft as by reason of the Effervescency of the Blood Ascending and Descending vitiated in the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Blood rising from both is vitious the Nourishment of the Lungs will be deprav'd and that sooner more easily and potently than any other part of the Body if they be nourisht in part at least by the Blood coming out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart being less temperd than the other effus'd out of the left Bed of the Heart
most happily in a few weeks and hitherto hath livd sound Let none rashly carp or laugh at that which is commonly done by many conceited the reason whereof they know not 25. The Ill Nourishment of the Lungs may be Cur'd divers ways according to the diversity of the Humors then together peccant and producing that Depravation always adding those call'd Pectorals and friendly to the Lungs We have often before handled every Depravation of the Humors 26. I doubt how little Knobs arising in the Lungs and not easily known unless by conjecture very uncertain ought or may be Cur'd unless perhaps the more fixt Antimonial Medicins can do it being indued with an universal force of purifying Mans Body from all Harm and Impurity 27. If any would diminish the Encreasd Nourishment of the Lungs he ought to use Food somwh thicker and less spongy at least Sauces or Medicins that hinder stop or repress if it be lawful to say so the too great rarefying of food such as I think Pearl Coral Lacca Chalk c. are if they be seldom taken in a small quantity CHAP. XXV Of the Perfection of Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart Deprav'd 1. IT is known by the Circular Motion of Blood that Blood is driven forward to the parts of the Universal Body and so to the Lungs of which we have spoken in the preceding Chapter out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart Whence it is not undeservedly askt Wherein differs each Blood effus'd out of each Ventricle of the Heart To which I Answer It differs in this That 1. the Blood of the Left Ventricle gets a new Alteration in the Lungs by the Air Inspir'd And perhaps 2. somthing may come to the same Blood either from Spittle or from another Glandulous Liquor moistning the sharp Artery and mixing it self with the Blood together with the Air and so far also after a certain manner Altering and Tempering it 2. And I plainly doubt whether moreover any thing else happen to the Blood in the Left Ventricle of the Heart nor hitherto do's any notable Sign of it come into my Mind whence I may conclude it 3. Wherefore I can at present only assert this That the Blood going through the Artery and Vein of the Lungs and perhaps the middle substance of the Lungs comes out of the Left Ventricle of the Heart temperd less hot and rarefi'd and so more mild than out of the Right both by the Inspired Air or Spittle or any other Glandulous Liquor and that its Perfection seems to me to consist in this That its manifold Particles first potently Effervescing or Rarefi'd and much sundred from each other now being mildly Temperd and Condensd do again close more or less slackly and so they become more apt as well to Nourish the Containing Body as to produce several Humors in the Body and so to preserve Life 4. Therefore this Perfection of Blood is Deprav'd chiefly when the same Blood is too little or too much Temperd or also is too much Kindled and Rarefi'd or otherwise Corrupted by the Air Inspir'd or the Humors of the Body communicated to it with the same Of which see what is said in Chap. 21. 5. The Blood may be corrupted by the Inspir'd Air when it is much defil'd by any Wind or Exhalations whencesoever proceding and mixt with it and communicates its harm to the Blood carri'd through the Lungs whence the same harm divers ways infecting the whole Mass or its greater or less part by degrees is somtimes disperst every way other-times adheres to one part chiefly and manifests the force of its malignity in it as we have known it in the Pest and other Epidemic Diseases for the most part depending on the Air ill-affected 6. This Perfection of Blood is also deprav'd by the Humors mixt with it Ascending or Descending either Choler or Lympha or the Liquor arising from that Three-fold Sway in the Guts or also Chyle so far exceeding in an ill quality that it cannot again be Temperd Conveniently or Sufficiently by the Inspird Air. 7. We related in Chap. 21. how the most Depravations of Air Inspir'd are to be amended 8. We intend to tell you how the same Air defil'd and corrupted with a malign Quality ought to be corrected where we intend to treat of the Pest and Malign Fevers 9. Lastly By what way and means the Humors carri'd with the Blood to the Right Ventricle of the Heart and so far corrupting it that it cannot be enough temperd by the Inspired Air or other Humors mixt with it in the Lungs ought to be restor'd to former integrity is to be sought out of the Cure propos'd before of every kind of the nam'd Humors ill affected and still to be propos'd all over CHAP. XXVI Of the Motion of the Heart and Arteries or the Pulse Deprav'd 1. THe sides of the Ventricles of the Heart are by little and little Distended and Vnfolded by the Blood driven forward into them out of the Veins and its Earlets and that partly in Plenty partly and chiefly by the Rarefaction filling them again because of the Effervescency of it till the same Blood be pour'd out by their following Straitness into the Arteries annext to them which therefore are Laid open as a little after bound together and that by a Motion somtimes manifest to Feeling and Sight which is known among Physicians by the name of the Pulse 2. For by the Pulse the Physicians understand the two-fold opposite and contrary yea reciprocal Motions of Expansion and Contraction in the twofold parts mentiond according to its Sides or Tunicles And the Motion of Dilatation and Straitning according to the Cavity of the Ventricles of the Heart and Arteries 3. We think the Right Ventricle of the Heart is Displaid both by the Plenty of the Blood driven in and by the Largeness of it soon Rarefying by the Effervescency and the Left Ventricle by the Plenty of the over-hot and as yet boiling Blood howsoever more or less temperd in the Lungs by the Air Inspir'd and Both Ventricles are Straitned by the musculous Substance of the Heart contorted wonderfully like a writhd Shell contracted by the Animal Spirits filling its Fibres after the manner of the other Muscles 4. We also judge the Arteries are Displaid by the Blood Expelld by the Contraction of the Heart into Them and the same are again Straitned by the Animal Spirits filling their annular Fibres and Narrowing their Cavity 5. The Pulse is felt by Physicians not so much in the Heart it self as in the Arteries and especially in both Wrists where they are more manifest to the Sense of Touching Although the Pulse of the Arteries may be observd also about the Temples and moreover at the Neck as the Motion of the Heart by laying the hand on its Region chiefly when its Palpitation urges that cannot be enough distinctly known by the Pulsation of the Arteries or when a little or no Pulse is felt in the Wrist
wounded by Art or chance or mischance 33. 7. The same happens to too great an Effusion if Seed coming away either of its own accord or especially by immoderat Venery 34. 8. The same often is after an over-great Evacuation of the Humors by Vomit Stool Urin Sweats c. and especially when it com's with great Pains or a vehement Agitation of Body 35. 9. The same com's to pass when either the Water of Hydropical Persons or Matter in those that have putrefi'd Lungs is pour'd out excessivly 36. 10. The same is observd to come to pass by a Sting or Bite of certain Poisonous Creatures 37. 11. This same Evil accompanies the Fits of certain Intermitting Fevers either soon in the Beginning or often in the Encrease or in its Vigor seldom when it Declines unless perhaps by too large Sweats 38. 12. Somtimes a Swouning comes upon certain very vehement Pains of the Teeth the upper Orifice of the Stomach the Guts Bladder c. 39. 13. The same Swouning oppresses some after too much Motion and extreme Weariness of Body 40. 14. Somtimes a Swouning is produc'd by a great Heat either of the Sun or Fire or Bath or Fever 41. 15. Nor is it seldom that a Swouning happens by Hunger or Thirst too long and sorely vexing 42. 16. Yea somtimes Swouning happens to certain Women giving Suck by too great loss of Milk chiefly depending on the potent sucking of a strong Infant and somtimes by the very grievous Pain of the Clefts of the Paps or otherwise ill-affected 43. From the mention'd and such-like manifest Causes diligently considered and diligently compar'd with those which we have before propos'd we judg every Swouning is to be deriv'd next and immediatly from the Blood it self coming from both parts to the Heart and all those which are joind both according to and beside Nature and are carri'd together with it to the Heart and so disturb and change its natural Effervescency thâ—â— Râ—refaction of the Blood is not only diminisht but the Heart it self is not enough expanded and contracted and the Blood not sufficiently effus'd into the Arteries and therfore the Pulse is felt Less and more Languishing yea somtimes None 44. For if to make a laudable Pulse be requir'd as we think 1. Blood returning from every and both places to the Right Ventricle of the Heart 2. Choler Joind to the ascending Blood 3. Lympha returning from every place with the Descending Blood 4. A singular Lâ—quâ—r arising and soon after straind through the Lacteal Veins from the conflux of Choler and the Juice of the Pancreas and Spittle in the Small Gut and perhaps 5. Air attracted into the Lungs by Inspiration and nâ—xt in some part of it with the Blood circulating through them whil'st the rest is again thrust one in the Expiration next following and soâ—â—â—inâ— 6. 〈◊〉 although it be not always but 〈…〉 taken in driven to the Heart I say if all tâ—â—â— be requirâ—d to make a laudable Pulse as every on◠〈◊〉 be both present and rightly disppo'd but i◠〈…〉 reâ—f thâ—sâ— be wanting wholly or in part or 〈◊〉 thâ—re in tâ—â—rger â—loâ—ty or come thither endow'd with a â—raâ—gâ—â—â—â—lâ—ity or others go together also not râ—quir'd and therfore necessarily hurtful without dâ—â—â—â— there will bâ— some wrong to the Pulse beside the spâ—â—â—ng of the â—â—â—ctions wont to be in the Heart 45. And to remain in our present business 1. the Pulse will be deficient more or less in greatness and strength by an Universal Defect of Blood after a notable Haemorrhagie or Hunger much prolong'd whence the Blood will not only be deficient but other Humors also in the Body Choler the Juice of the Pancreas Lympha and the rest that are necessary to make the Vital Rarefaction of Blood and so the Pulse great 46. 2. The same Pulse will be deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the defect of Choler in a great Loosness and Vomiting and especially the Disease Cholera whence if Choler be carri'd to the Heart in a lesser quantity and at length perhaps none is it a wonder if a less or no Effervescency be sâ—ird up in It if there be a less or no Rarefaction of Blood if a less or no Expansion and Contraction of the Ventricles of the Heart follow and the Pulse be felt either Less or None 47. 3. The same Pulse will be Deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of Lympha with too Great a Sweat with which that the Lympha is also diminish beside the Animal Spirits Acids no less then Spiritous Volatil Medicins much recreating and restoring those that Sweat seem to evince By the defect of Lympha somwhat Sowr the Mean Consistency of Blood and its Effervescency will be deficient whence it will neither enough rarefie in the Heart nor will its Explication and Complication be great enough whence the Pulse will also be observd of necessity Less then is Naturally 48. 4. The same Pulse will be Deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of the Liquor arising from the Three-fold Sway in the Guts in a troublesom Vomiting and Loosness especially continual For this being in part or wholly excluded the Blood will necessarily want its benefit we judg in an other place that it conduc'd to procure the natural Coagulation of Blood if therfore the Blood be more or less destitute of it and is not repaird continually for want of this as is newly said the Blood will be less apt to rarefie and open the Ventricles of the Heart and the Pulse will necessarily follow a Less 49. 5. The same Pulse will be Deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of Air to be Inspir'd in any straitness of the Mouth and Nostrils or Jaws or sharp Artery for which the Air coming in less plenty cannot bestow the desired coolness on the Blood or any other Change wherfore the Blood being driven through the Lungs more slowly and not making a sufficient place for the new Blood following out of the Right Ventricle of the Heart hinders the Contraction of the Heart and is the Cause of the Pulse hitherto Less 50. 6. The same Pulse will be deficient in Greatness and hence in Strength by the Defect of Chyle both in a preposterous Hunger whether voluntary or compeld and in the Fermentation of Food or Separation or Transcolation or Conveyance any way hindred For unless Food be taken daily and especially in the accustomd time by which the Chyle drawn from it may be carri'd to the Heart the Blood continually lost will not only be unrepaird but the Humors flowing together in the Heart and Small Gut will act too much or amiss upon themselvs and the rest of the Blood and somtimes will make the Blood more or less consistent and hitherto unfit to the due or sufficient Rarefaction of it self and the Explication and Complication of the Ventricles of the Heart whence there will necessarily follow a Less
of Blood is faulty both by the Natural Humors concurring to the Constitution of the Blood in the Heart but having a vitious quality and by the Non-Natural Things so call'd vitiating some of the nam'd Humors and Blood it self and so corrupting them that an ill Nourishment of the Body follows 6. The Natural Humors that are wont to be confus'd with the Blood and hitherto known are Choler and Lympha of the Conglobated Glandul's and the other Parts of the Body as also Spittle and the Juice of the Pancreas joind together with Choler in the Small Gut and compounding a singular Liquor to be mixt with Lympha and so the Animal Spirits returnd any way to the Blood all which I scarce think that any verst though but a little in the Art of Physic and addicted to the Truth can deny to be affected with a vitious quality and to communicate it self with the Blood 7. We have noted several Depravations of these before and shall yet relate more whence they may be requir'd that make hither 8. As several Depravations of Humors are somtimes by degrees insensibly produc'd in the Body so the same are somtimes bred suddenly and sensibly by the Non-Natural Things or others to be noted with the name of Poison peccant in a notable excess and very much troubling or corrupting all things in the Body 9. The Depravations most frequent and manifest are Acrimony both Acid and Salt-like Pickle and somtimes a Lixivial Salt and too much Viscousness or Fluidity the Causes of which and manner of breeding we have often propos'd and explaind before whither we remit the Studious Reader lest being too oft spoken it be tedious to the Nice 10. The reason of the mentiond Symptoms will easily be known to any that thinks oft and weighs that as oft as the Blood whence-soever hath been made Vitious and producing a Cachexie so often all the nam'd Humors seeing they arise from the Blood are also bred faulty whence likewise not only both the Appetite of Food is deprav'd but moreover their Fermentation wherfore Anxieties about the Midrif and a pressing Pain of the Heart follow as well before as after its being taken in 11. But when part or the whole Mass of Food ill Fermented is driven forward through the small Gut the Juice of the Pancreas and Choler which are confus'd with it being alike vitious do not only corrupt the expected Separation of useful and unuseful parts but also here happens a vitious Effervescency of these Humors yea often manifold Vapors or Wind being raisd out of that vitious Mixture do not only encrease the fore-describ'd Anxiety but carri'd to the Heart do breed its Palpitation and carri'd to the Lungs make a difficult Breathing and driven every way breed the noted Weariness 12. From the same Vitiousness of all the Humors a Continual and Slow Fever depends in as much as they raise a vitious Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart among many other Symptoms they likewise make the Pulse more Frequent then is wont and so preternatural 13. And seeing the Sick through unquietness often lay their Bodies bare that were coverd with Cloaths it easily happens that Phlegm being carri'd through the Vessels of the Pancreas is coagulated there and breeds an Obstruction by which the Juice standing still may be the Cause of a manifold Intermitting Fever and it will be sooner and easier if the Body run down with Sweat and the Pores of the Skin are open or the Air be colder and sharper 14. Vrin comes away Crude and less Colourd or Thick because of the Humors mentiond over-sharp incorporating with the Blood or Watry abounding which diminish the desired Effervescency so that the Separation much less Excretion of the Excrementitous Parts to be voided together with Urin being requir'd and useful doth not follow And as then all the Parts are ill Nourisht so the Skin of the Face expos'd to the Air and Sight before all others gives signs of its harm by Heat according to the variety of several Humors most peccant 15. When the Acrimony of the Humors concurs then is it manifested internally with Pains or externally with Pimples 17. When the vitious Humors abound together in Plenty then several kinds of the Dropsie at length succede if not the Universal Body grows Lean by degrees 18. The Cachexie which in special happens to Women because of their Monthy Courses flowing less commodiously or in due season God willing we intend to give the Reason and Generation therof in the Third Chapter of the Third Book 19. From wâ—at has been said here and elswhere the pâ—â—â—â—ction of every Hypochondriac and Scorbutic Cachâ—â—ie may â—â—sily be deduc'd by a Judicious and 〈◊〉 â—â—â—us Physician â—â— And that we may pass on to the Cure of the 〈…〉 kâ—ow that if any where then for certain 〈◊〉 his Gâ—lden Precept is to be observd accuratly propos'd in the following Distich Principiis obsta sero Medicina paratur Cum mala per longas invaluere moras Resist beginnings late is Physic us'd When the Disease delaid is deep infus'd For unless the Cachexie be helpt in time it becoms oft by degrees so stubborn and rebellious that it can be cur'd only late or never Therfore are the Sick and their Parents or Kindred or Friends to be admonisht by their ordinary Physicians though unaskt so soon as the â—â—gns of a Cachexie beginning manifest themselves in the Colour of the Face chang'd that that Evil as it is in the Proverb be not neglected in the Blade seeing that it is soon wont to take deep root and hard to be rooted out which afterward cannot be overcome unless by an Herculean Labour 21. The Cure of every Cachexie will consist in the Correction and Amendment of the Blood any way vitious Where the kind of the Vitiâ—usness and true Canse is to be observd whether it be one or manifold 22. As therfore this or that Humor is primarily and most peccant after this or that manner and depending on this or that Error committed in the Non-natural Things hath vitiated the Blood and produc'd a Cachexie so are the Medicins to be selected which may mildly and by degrees alter and reduce both the noted Humor and the Blood it self to their natural constitution or if they cannot be clearly and wholly amended yet do they empty out by dâ—grees the same at least corrected after a certain manner mean while not neglecting the Non-natural Things or others producing or cherishing these Evils which unless they be corrected or shund the happy wisht for Cure and laudable Success of what is to be done will be expected in vain 23. You have often told you before by what Medicins and Forms the mentiond Corrections and Emptyings of several Humors may and ought to be perfected where they may be seen 24. We must therfore persevere a while in the Vse of convenient Medicins and especially when the Cachexie has continu'd for a space and fixâ— its growth which
in this Book 50. The Trembling which is bred by a lighter irritation of the Nervs carrying the Animal Spirits to the Muscles may be Cur'd the same way as a Convulsive Motion of which we have already spoken CHAP. XLIII Of the Over-perfecting of Blood in the Spleen deprav'd 1. THat Blood is carri'd to the Spleen through the Arteries and the Animal Spirits through the Nervs and that Blood is again carri'd out from the Spleen through the Veins and Lympha through the Lymphatic Vessels may be known by Anatomical Experiments to any that Desire and cannot be unknown to those that put their hand to the Work and to ingenuous Searchers of Truth 2. And seeing that beside the 4 fold already mentiond kinds of Vessels there are no other observd hitherto that can carry any thing to the Spleen or out of the Spleen the natural Function of the Spleen is deservedly drawn from them and chiefly according to that in which they have receivd somthing peculiar 3. Like as we have long ago cleard by ocular inspection that the Short vessel so call'd is not a different Vessel from the branches of the Vein of the Spleen carrying Blood back from the Spleen and Stomach but carrying it to neither 4. The admirable Texture of the Nervous Fibres about the Ingress of all the Vessels in the Spleen detected in this age by diligent Anatomists doth not a little confirm my Conjecture of making the Blood there 〈◊〉 sâ—btil and spiritous and so over-perfecting it by the Animal Spirits plenteously coming thither 5. For seeing that the Spleen neither servs for Sense nor Motion it receivs the Animal Spirits in a notable plenty for an other end and for what other benefit unless that they be joynd to the Blood flowing thither and be intirely mixt and that they make it more subtil and spiritous then is wont that is more perfect and so over-perfect then the rest of the Blood which is already perfect 7. Nor hinders it that some cut out the Spleen from living Dogs for any Creature may live although its blood be not very spiritous For the Spleen seems not given to Creatures so simply for life as for a more commodious life as the Lungs together with the right Ventricle of the Heart are given to such only as Breath Add that it is not yet manifest whether the Dogs can long survive so without any detriment to their health 7. I therfore imagin this over-perfection of Blood absolvd in the Spleen not as yet overthrown but to be requir'd and depending on the Animal Spirits is deprav'd when it is either Diminisht or also oft Encreast seeing that Vertue consists in mediocrity 8. When the over-perfection of Blood in the Spleen is Diminisht there is fear least the whole Mass of Blood becom by degrees very Glutinous and Tough such as we so oft observe wonderful Crusty in this Belgia and too much cohering in its superficies so that it can scarce be divided with a sharp knife as on the contrary when the same over-perfection of Blood is Encreast there is fear least the Vniversal Blood becorn less Consistent and do not enough conjoyn and cohere unless on the contrary it be counterveild with a tart-like Sowr humor on which its natural Coagulation seems chiefly to depend For this very cause I judge that the Blood of the Spleen is joynd in the Liver not to Lympha going forward with the Descending Blood to the Heart and carrying with it the Sowr and Tart parts of the Humors but to Choler carri'd with the Ascending Blood to the Heart and hindring the Consistency of Humors 6. This over-perfection of the Blood of the Spleen brought by Me upon the stage seems to be Dinimisht 1. by the Defect of the Animal Spirits as well Vniversal of which we have spoken in Chap. 41. as moreover Particular in the Spleen because of its Nervs either Fewer or upon whatsoever account hindred in their work 10. 2. By the Blood more Glutinous and Viscous whence it is less apt to receive its over-perfection 11. 3. The over-perfection of Blood seems to be diminisht by the fault of the spleen ill affected For when the Blood coupled with the Animal Spirits pierces through the Vessels of the Spleen and receivs some change in them there is no doubt but that somthing is to be expected should come to it from the singular Substance of the Spleen For if its Substance be more solid and firmer the Blood will not only move slower c. more hindred through its Vessels but besides its attenuation and exaltation will be less prâ—moted 12. Contrarily the same Exaltation and Attenuation of Blood in the Spleen may be Encreasd 1. by the Vniversal or Particular abundance of Animal Spirits in the Spleen following many or great Nervs inserted in it 13. 2. By the Vniversal Blood Thinner and more Spiritous by an over-immoderat use of Spiritous and Aromatic Liquors 14. 3. By the over-Tender and Loos Substance of the Spleen not only giving the Vessels a free place but facilitating the attenuation and exaltation of the Blood 15. The Diminisht Exaltation and Over-perfection of â—lood in the Spleen by reason of the Vniversal Defect â—f the Animal Spirits may be Cur'd 1. by using strong â—nd Spiritous Drink enough fermented and so the spiâ—it of Wine and chiefly rectifi'd as well single as Aâ—omatical mixt with a Volatil Salt 16. A Particular Defect of the Animal Spirits in the Spleen by too few Nervs carri'd to it is Incurable but when the Nervs are hindred they are to be freed with subtil Medicins endued with an abstersive quality which no-where is more evident then in Volatil Salts hitherto so little known to the great prejudice of mortals and therfore so seldom us'd 17. 2. Nothing doth so cut and amend over-Gluâ—inous Viscous and Tough Blood as any Volatil Salt daily us'd at any time but chiefly at dinner and supper with wine or any other convenient liquor 18. 3. The over-solid and firm Substance of the Spleen may be made looser and more tender by the so oft mentiond Volatil Salts and more mild Aromatics continu'd for a longer time seeing every chronical and continu'd disease arises from a Phlegmatic Humor at least hath it conjoind to its Cause which yields easier sooner and safer to no remedy then to a Volatil Salt us'd according to art 19. But The Encreasd Exaltation of Blood in the Spleen 1. because of a Vniversal abundance of the Animal Spirits in the universal body may be Cur'd by Medicins somwhat Tart oft us'd according to art in a small quantity and by abstaining from the daily and notable use of too Strong Drink and so all Spiritous Liquors 20. The same when it proceeds only from great Nervs carrid to the Spleen I see not how the forementiond Medicins may be safely enough us'd unless in the least quantity 21. 2. The same Exaltation of Blood in the Spleen encreasd because of its over Thinness and Spiritousness by the
of the Pancreas may be suppli'd in perpetuating an Effervescency with Choler 10. I can easily admit that an Obstruction plac'd about the Orifice of the Passage of the Pancreas opening into the small Gut may be immediatly remov'd by reason of the commerce of an Acid Spirit with Phlegm by the mentiond Medicin taken in at the Mouth and carri'd to the small Gut without farther transmitting it through the Lacteal Veins the Passage of the Thorax the upper Hollow Vein the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Artery and Vein of the Lungs hence through the Left Ventricle of the Heart the Great Artery to the Pancreas whil'st this Phlegm is loosend and dissolvd by it piercing thither 11. The more sparing Motion of the Melancholic Juice risen from an Obstruction of the lesser Passages of the Pancreas may be restor'd by Remedies propos'd in the fore-cited 30th Chap. Sect. 132 c. as also in Chap. 50. Sect. 13 c. 12. A more speedy Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas made by reason of its Watriness and Volatility perhaps proceding either from Mineral Waters or Volatil Salts more abundantly taken may be allaid by abstaining from farther use of them and mean while using those things that may give it a greater consistency such as are sharp and tart things oft taken in a small quantity 13. To the Motion of the Juice of the Pancreas vitiated follows also the vitious Effervescency with Choler in the small Gut of which because we have on purpose treated in Chap. 11. of this Book what is spoken there may be transferd hither in part and so be red there CHAP. LV. Of the Separation of Urin in the Kindeys Deprav'd 1. AS the best part of Food and that which is useful to the Body is separated from the Food taken in and fermented in the Ventricle being fluid and of a milky colour and carri'd under the name of Chyle through the Lacteal Veins toward the Heart whil'st the unuseful and excrementitious parts go away by Stool keeping a thicker consistency so again the serous superfluous part is separated in the Kidneys out of the Chyle chang'd into Blood which whilst the principal part of Blood flows back to the rest of its Mass it distills through their capillar fleshy parts into its Funnel and is sent hence through the Ureters to the Urinar Bladder so nam'd from the mentiond Serous part then constituting Urin in which it is gatherd by little and little till it be afterward voided again 2. The Glandulous fleshy parts are observd to be shut up in the substance of the Kidneys and stretchd forward into membranous Pipes joind to its Funnel and having peculiar Passages appropriated to the dropping of Urin. 3. This Vrin because it is observd Salt even in those in whom the Serous Part of their Blood is found insipid any may suspect and not without cause that the Matter of Vrin undergoes some singular Change in the Kidneys while it is streind through the mentiond fleshy Parts although it seem to me at least very probable that the Blood as well as Chyle is prepar'd in the Heart in its Vital Effervescency for the Separation of the Urinar Serous Part and that the same is absolvd in the Kidneys although I have not hitherto attaind the reason of it however I think it happens after the manner of Precipitation 4. This Separation of Vrin is deprav'd 1. When there is None 2. When it is more Sparing 3. When more Plenteous 4. When by reason of both the Liquor and what is Containd in it it haps several ways vitious in Colour Odour Savour Thickness c. 5. There happens No Separation of Vrin in the Kidneys oft by the fault of the fleshy parts Obstructed or otherwise ill-affected seldom perhaps by fault of the Blood or its serous part to wit unfit for its Separation and that because of a more intire mixing of the Heterogeneal Parts 6. Those fleshy parts may be Obstructed by much and glutinous Phlegm any ways loosend in the small Gut and confusd with the Blood being afterward again coagulated in the Kidneys together vitiating their fleshy parts by an External Cold imprudently receivd and there severing from the Blood in part at least with the Urinar Serous Part and sticking in the fleshy parts and by degrees filling and obstructing their Passages 7. The Harm com'd to the fleshy parts by external Cold may perhaps be a straitning and binding of their spongie parts by reason of which the Phlegm dissolvd by the Serous Liquor flowing through may the easier stick and be stopt in them till at length filling their Passages it may hinder farther passage of Urin through them 8. The Heterogeneal parts of Blood are more intirely mixt and so the same becoms unfit for a Separation of its Serous part as oft as the Acidity of Lympha is more sharp so that the Vniversal Blood grows too much together its alone fluidness remaining 9. This Acidity of Lympha may become sharper both in the Conglobated Glandul's and in the Conglomerated Glandul's of the Pancreas by an external very sharp Cold or a great and unexpected Sorrow or Terror of Mind the notable abuse of Acid things and thus far very sharp first concurring and preceding 10. The Separation of Vrin becoms more Sparing by reason of the same but lighter Causes as a Loosness and chiefly Sweat plenteous 11. The Separation of Vrin becoms more plenteous by reason of Drink taken in and so accustomd which is always to be observd or by reason of the fleshy parts of the Kidneys if not too open according to its Chanels so at least constituted that they may separate more of a Serous Liquor from the Blood then ought as happens in a Diabetes or by reason of the Blood ill-affected for a Separation and sending away of the Serous part more abundant then is wont or because of wonted Sweats or a Serous Loosness suppresd 12. The Blood is ill-affected to a more plenteous dismissing of it self by the vital Effervescency after a certain manner vitiated by Volatil Salts and other Diuretics plenteously taken at any time whence the Blood is made not only more fluid but besides less thickned and less united according to its serous parts with the rest wherfore Urin departs both more easily and abundantly from it in the Kidneys 13. Vpon the account of the Liquor of Vrin it is observd vitiated 1. In its Colour when the same becoms Watry that is endued with a consistencie and watry colour which coms to pass by defect of its Salt and Choleric part making it more or less of a colour somwhat Yellow For that is to be noted that Urin consists of two parts both Watry and Salt which being joind together make the Liquor of Urin to have an Orange Colour and mean Consistency Whence after that much and especially piercing and therfore Diuretical Drink such as is Water but chiefly Mineral Waters thin and Diuretical Wine such-like Beer c. is
it too sharp 26. 4. If over-Fat Choler deprave the Sanguification of Chyle it ought to be Corrected with Acid Medicins but the more temperate ones such as are prescrib'd in Chap. 2. Sect. 38 c. and in Chap. 11. Sect. 25. farther Bewaring of the abuse of Oily and Fat things of which in Sect. 15. of this Chapter 27. 5. If the over-Acid Lympha deprave the Sanguification of Chyle it is to be corrected and amended by Medicins prescrib'd in Chap. 2. Sect. 17 c. and else-where 28. Mean while diligently Abstain from farther use of Acids and the other things mention'd in Sect. 17. of this Chapter 29. 6. When over-Salt Lympha depraves the Sanguification of Chyle then Medicins approv'd in Chap. 13. Sect. 41 42. may be convenient as also Aromatic mild Sweats by the help whereof the Saltness of the Lympha is by degrees corrected 30. In this case Hydragogues also conduce often us'd in a small Dose after some contemperation of the Salt Acrimonie 31. 7. When over Phlegmatic Lympha depraves the Sanguification of Chyle then are Medicins to be given that Cut and Correct Phlegmatic Humors in the Body prescrib'd in Chap. 2. Sect. 28 c. and such as Purge them so prepar'd for being Empti'd therein Sect. 33 c. also shunning those things that we have said here and else-where do breed Phlegm 32. 8. As often as over-Watry Lympha depraves the Sanguification of Chyle so often abstain from the over-Use of any Water and if it abound in the Body it is to be expell'd both by Exercises enough Potent and by the Bath c. with Sweats not very great but often repeted to which end Spiritous and Aromatic Sudorifics may also be us'd whereby the Animal Spirits almost deficient may be repair'd and the Animal Strength preserv'd yea encreas'd by the same means 33.9 As often as the Sanguification of the same is deprav'd all the Humors and so Chyle it self being rightly constituted in an Healthy Body in the time of the Distribution of Chyle by one or more External Causes either inevitable or unexpected numbred in Sect. 21. so often those things that cannot be shun'd ought to be as much as may be corrected and temper'd at least the Harms that come by them to every one should speedily be amended and taken away 34. So if any have been in the cold Air as soon as may be let them come to a clear Fire or go into a warm'd Bed at least let them cover their Bodies well with Bed clothes whereby they again expel out of the Body the cold receiv'd 35. So if any have abus'd piercing and spiritous Drink if good part of it yet remain in the Stomach let them send it out again by a Vomit rais'd by putting one Finger into the Jaws or a Feather moistned with Oil unless they can of their own accord promote it which is easie yea familiar to many 36. But if the Drink be already gone more into the Body like a Surfet its breathing out is to be patiently expected if then Thirst still urge by using Sowr Drink no way Spiritous or Watry such as is Mineral Wells always taking heed of any excess 37. But if Drink with Ice or otherwise very cold shall have been taken Aromattes and such as abound with a Volatil Oily Salt us'd by tums may conduce which naturally are fit to overcome the harm of drinking with Ice soonest safest and most pleasantly They will perform this the more happily if by their help a Sweat be also mov'd or promoted 38. So as many as vehemently move their Body either by Running Leaping or otherwise whence Sweat also came forth they should carefully take heed of the cold Air and rather betake themselves to a Warm'd Bed to compose themselves to Rest and that they may shun a greater harm 39. So as many as have been mov'd with a Vehement Passion of Mind should endeavour to asswage â—t by themselves or others and to reduce the Mind to former tranquillity which Reason and Discourse can do by mildly composing the Rational Soul with soâ—id Reasons whencesoever taken yea by confirmâ—ng and hardning it against any things that cannot be chang'd to bear them patiently and stoutâ—y 40. The manifold Harms following those Vitious â—xternal Causes ought to be Corrected variously and as soon as can be seeing that by the Functions â—urt or other proper Signs they are known to the â—hysicianâ— of which all over in this Treatise CHAP. XIX Of the Continual and Vital Effervescency of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart hurt 1. CHyle is not only carri'd to the Right Ventricle of the Heart some hours after the Food is taken in whereby it may be chang'd into Blood but continually by the Blood returning from every Part and that partly being furnish'd with bitter Gall partly by having Acid Lympha there is rais'd in the same place a mild yea Vital Effervescency 2. We call it a Lively Effervescency that is rais'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart because the natural Preservation of our Life depends upon it 3. For by the Conflux of the Volatil Oily Salt ruling in the Gall and constituting the chief part of the Sowrish Sweet Spirit of these I say being somwhat contrary there is rais'd a gentle and to Nature friendly Fight describ'd by Us with the Name of an Effervesceney in and by which the Fiery Parts lying hid and shut up in both are loos'd from their Fetters and being free'd infinuate themselves into the Oily and Fat obvious Parts both of the Blood and also of Chyle as the proper Subject of their Action rarefying the same and moreover do so change and alter the other parts more or less mixt with them that Life may be continu'd and Blood mov'd any whither and the necessary Reparation of all the containing and contain'd Parts perpetually more or less Consum'd may be perfected and absolv'd 4. It haps that this Effervescency very necessary for Life and Nourishment is Hurt 1. When it is either wholly Abolisht or Ceases at least for a time 2. When it is Diminisht and is Lesser or Weaker 3. When it is Encreas'd and is Greater or more Potent 4. When it is Hastned and is too Swift 5. When it is Retarded and perform'd too Slowly 6. When it is Deprav'd and observ'd to be Unequal or Inordinate 5. I. Where this Vital Effervescency is wholly Abolisht Death is at hand because the Vital Fire of the Heart or rather of the Blood which by its help us'd to be continu'd in the Heart is presently extinguish'd by the same 6. This Vital Effervescency is Abolisht 1. By the fault of the Choleric Blood Ascending and that either for Want of Choler as oft as it is effus'd with great force into the Small Gut and hence Choler is excluded out of the Body as well upward by Vomit as downward by Stool in the Disease Cholera whence no wonder if the Sick perish somtimes then in a few
somtimes at that time and even uncertainly which therfore who might not fitly name them Inordinat and Wandring 21. But although the most Fevers are wont to invade the Sick with a greater or less Sense of Cold Heat somtimes lighter other-times more grievous succeding it yet are there not wanting such as only Cold or only Heat or neither accompanies manifest to the Sense as well of the Sick as of Physicians or by-Standers Let none think as is commonly said That the essence of every Fever Consists in Heat encreasd beside Nature in the Heart hence disperst through the Vniversal Body 22. None who hath weighd accuratly with an attentive Mind both the Fabric and Ways or Vessels of the Containing Body and the natural Motion of the Containd Body that is of the Blood and other Humors will deny that the Cause of Continual Fevers is requir'd Continual that is continually carri'd to the Heart As on the contrary the Cause of Intermitting Fevers is not continually but only by Intervals carri'd thither and therefore apt to be hindred in its motion to the Heart 23. Seeing Cold and Heat are deservedly numbred as the chief and more frequent Symptoms among the most of manifold Fevers we must diligently enquire into the most probable Causes of both and hence into the Causes of the Continual Heat after the first Cold overcomd or both of Cold and Heat returning by Intervals or of Heat stird up only in a divers and determinate time For those things being lookd into and determind it will not perhaps be very difficult to explain the Fevers though most divers and to extricate the Mind desirous of Truth from almost infinite difficulties to be mov'd by any 24. That therefore omitting the Opinions of others for I think it behoovs every Man to prove his own I may in a few words relate That that seems true even to me I judg I. That the Cause fâ— every Continual Fever is Choler or Lympha under which I comprehend the Juice of the Pancreas and so Spittle it Self in as much as they are carri'd to the Heart or Both vitious and raising such an Effervescency in the Right Ventricle of the Heart whence the Pulse is continually produc'd more freauent 25. But I deduce Cold observable about the first bâ—ginning if a Continual Fever depend on Choler alone primarily vitiated from the same vitious Choler together with the Juice of the Pancreas raiâ—ing an Effervescency vitious in the small Gut and that such as somwhat sowr Vapors are carri'd up by the said Juice and being anon driven every way breed a light Cold every where which yet a little after gives place to Heat bred by the same Choler carri'd to the Heart 26. But if a Continual Fever depend on Lympha alone primarily vitiated seeing it follows both the Conglobated Glandul's and also in part the Conglomerated Glandul's and so the Pancreas it selt ill-affected what wonder if the Juice of this being made somwhat more Sowr breed a vitious Efferveseency with Choler in the small Gut and together send form somwhat sowr Vapors which being disperst through the Universal Body every where stir up a Sense of Cold divers according to its greater or less Harm 27. But if a Continual Fever depend both on Choler and on Lympha together vitiated Cold troubling the Sick about its beginning is produc'd from the mentiond Causes conjoind 28. After the preceding Cold somtimes more grievous somtimes lighter Heat is wont to follow in the most of Continual Fevers and much greater and more troublesom from Choler alone primarily peccant whence therfore Burning Fevers do arise but much less and more mild and somtimes None from Lympha alone primarily peccant chiefly when much Phlegm together abounds in the Sick to which Chill Fevers are to be ascrib'd Lastly Heat being mean from both together vitiated and separating it self again after a certain manner 29. When the Lympha is vitiated and the Glandul's that are in the Brain are together much affected First A Stoppage of the Head that is a Burthensom Pain in the Head if we follow the proper signification of Words is wont to be raisd and a little after both somtimes Coryza when the Liquor falling down from the Brain distils to the Nostrils and somtimes an Hoarsness or Cough when it distils to the Jaws or Lungs known by the name of a Catarrh whence the Fevers then accompanying are wont to be nam'd Catarrhal Fevers 30. II. I judg the Cause of all Intermitting Fevers to be the Juice of the Pancreas in some part of it standing still in one â—r more lateral Passages of the Pancreas obstructed and made sharper by its stay there and piercing through Phlegm more or less viscous the Cause of the noted Obstruction a way being prepar'd by force by that sowr Acrimony and effus'd into the small Gut and there raising a vitious Esservescency with Choler and Phlegm and indeed producing different Cold in the beginning of the Fit somtimes more grievous somtimes lighter somtimes longer somtimes shorter till at length when no more of it retaind against Nature and so vitiated flows out the same is overcom'd again which is usually by Choler partly before comprest and as it were supprest now again being returnd to it sâ—lf partly sliding down continually whence the Mixture rising from both and Phlegm and being carri'd to the Right Ventricle of the Heart is the Cause of the Heat following somtimes greater somtimes less somtimes none as Choler and Phlegm are variously affected to the Juice of the Pancreas always at least then in part vitiated 31. III. I judg the Cause of Fevers compounded of Continual and Intermitting Fevers and not quite Intermitting but Remitting only and again stird up both Causes of each newly mentiond together concurring 32. IV. I judg the Cause of Continual and Mild Fevers in the mean time stird up about Two Hours after any Food taken in commonly call'd Hectic Fevers to be chiefly Spittle vitious and giving occasion for vitious Chyle because of more Glandul's together affected by which Chyle so carri'd to the Heart the Esservescency being deprav'd the Pulse is still stird up more frequent then before 33. In like manner as I judg all Cold in any Fevers to be deriv'd partly and chiefly from the Juice of the Panereas as sâ—wr and perhaps somtimes also from Lympha in like manner being more sowr partly from Phlegm either Insipid or Acid So I think all Heat is to be attributed to Choler upon the account both of its Lixivial Salt and Oil for Oil is apt to take the force of Fire and keep it on the contrary a Sowr Liquor is apt to extinguish it and again to condense the Oil that was rarefi'd by the Fire but a Lixivial Salt especially joind with an Oil as oft as it causes an Esservescency with a Sowr Liquor produces a notable Heat And so when all are moderat and keep their requisite proportion and due manner the vital Fire is preservd in
the Lymphatic Passage of the Brest 2. The Lympha mixes it self immediatly with the Blood Descending by its Lymphatic Vessels and their Trunk 3. The Juice of the Pancreas is only mediatly mixt with the same Blood Descending through its proper Passage the Guts the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Brest 4. Lastly The Spittle in like manner mediatly only mixes with the Blood Descending through its Passages the Mouth Throat Ventricle Guts Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Brest and together with it is drawn forward to the Right Ventricle of the Heart 51. Beside which four Humors seeing hitherto none are known to be carri'd to the Right Ventricle of the Heart of necessity we must judg the Cause of Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting to be deduc'd from One or More of them since all may see that the Blood when ill-affected causes a Continual and not an Intermitting Fever because of its perpetual Motion to the Heart 52. If the Blood stand still any where presently there arises an Inflammation which if communicated to the rest of the Blood in like manner produces not an Intermitting but Continual Fever To which somtimes is coupled an Intermitting Fever and especially a Tertian and then from both for a Continual Tertian to arise is no new thing nor wonder for reasons manifest enough by what is said beneath 53. The Blood therfore herein being laid aside I. None will judg that Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting can be deduc'd from Choler who hath diligently considerd that it cannot be so infected and afflicted in its Passages suddenly by any External Cause so as to be stopt either wholly or in part in its motion for a time and again either of its own accord or for any other demonstrable Internal Cause should find a way by which it may produce the Symptoms above noted by what way soever it 's brought to the Heart and that either alone or joind with others 54. I do not deny that Choler is turnd into smaller or bigger Stones and also into a Stony Crust in its Passages through the Liver But as neither coms suddenly so neither is it observd that either of them were dissolv'd by any Internal but only External Cause nor yet so that any thing like to Intermitting Fevers can thence be deduc'd 55. In like manner somtimes Choler is judgd not to be carri'd down to the Small Gut from what cause soever when the Excrements are obscurly white and thicker then usual But an Intermitting Fever is not always observd to accompany the Jaundies although often it doth which therfore cannot be taken thence for an impediment of Choler 56. II. Neither from the Lympha can Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting be deriv'd For besides that the most Symptoms accompanying them for the most part and observable chiefly in the Abdomen cannot be expected even in a Dream from the Lympha besides if Intermitting Fevers did depend of and were produc'd by the Lympha then either all or but part of the Lympha were faulty as though it were hindred and farthered again reciprocally in its Motion to the Heart If all where and what kind of Impediment could that be whether or no in all the Conglobated Glandula's Muscles and Bowels or in all the Lymphatic Vessels or their Trunk about their insertion into the Jugular or Axillar left Vein But if only a part thereof then which and where Whether that which goes only to the Heart from all or some only of the Conglobated Glandules Or whether it be hindred in all the Glandules But these Glandules are rarely found to swell or be hard and that only when the Head is stuft or in Catarrhal Fevers of which we spake in the former Chapter scarce ever though the Intermitting Fever be very troublesom the Causes whereof we search so that by how much the more diligently any searches the Rise and Motion of the Lympha as also its Supply and Vessels so much the less will he encline to ascribe the Cause of Intermitting Fevers as such to the Lympha 57. III. Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting in no wise seem to be deduc'd from Spittle For that we transfer not hither more Arguments from what is now said of Lympha although somtimes for that is not perpetual a little before the Feverish Fit or together with its Beginning the Spittle is observd to flow more plentifully or slowly unto the Mouth notwithstanding the same Spittle is not noted to be such that the molesting Symptoms of every Intermitting Fever I say not all but even the most frequent may folidly be ascribed to it The Spittle is not always I say carri'd which if so should wholly be carri'd in the time of Intermission more slowly to the Mouth and more plenteously while the Fit begins or molests and somtimes the contrary somtimes neither happens But the Vitiations which are found in the Spittle do nothing less then testifie the primary but rather the secondary Vitiation of Spittle as it will more evidently appear from what is to be said hereafter 58. IV. Any Man may easily think that Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting are to be deduc'd from the Juice of the Pancreas who shall observe with an attentive Mind all and every of the Requisites noted in Sect. 46 c. to produce them to concur here and only here 59. For 1. This Juice is carri'd from the very Pancreas in such a Part which by its Vessels and proper Passages as it is said in Sect. 50. mediatly communicates with the Right Ventricle of the Heart 60. 2. The same Juice is carri'd by such Vessels to wit the Lateral or Side Passages in one or more wherof it may be so infected and afflicted by an External Cause that it may suddenly be stopt in some part in its motion and hindred for a certain time least it should continually go to the Heart 61. And that falls out as oft as Phlegm which uses to be much gatherd and accumulated in the Small Gut is dissolvd either by Heat of Air or a vehement Motion of Body or Watchings prolongd or Care of Mind or Anger continu'd or Meats Sauces or sharp Medicins or else by any other Cause and then being mixt with the Blood is carri'd together with it all over to all parts of the Body and being joind more or less every where with all the Humors is carri'd with the same in their Vessels Whence as in other places so in the Lateral Passages of the Pancreas I mean the strait ones the same Phlegm thickens stops the same Passages and hinders that the Juice standing still there cannot go into the Middle and Greater Passage and so forward for some sudden External Cause which is apt to Coagulate Phlegm as Air frozen or blown with chill Winds or with any Blast causing cold Rain or any Water touching the Body and afflicting it with its coldness Drink of any cold Liquor especially when taken in a large quantity A sudden and especially unexpected Terror and great Grief of Mind c. 62.
it consentaneous to Reason that they are so as he admonishes 12. Which things so observd being suppos'd or granted the Separation of Choler may be expected in the mentiond Glandulous Kernels as the same most Ingenious Man very probably thinks that all Purifying and Separation of the Juice whether Excrementitious or Vseful out of the Mass of Blood is had in the Glandules only 13. And although according to the Experiments of that Illustrious Malpighius admitted I seem at least in part to change the Place and Manner of the Separation or Generation of Choler hitherto believd and assign'd by me and the Manner whereby I judg'd Choler was mov'd yet I see not that the Vse of Choler which I esteem the chief thing to perfect a Body of Physic and whereat I aim is refuted 14. For although his Experiments being suppos'd Choler be separated in the Glandulous Kernels of the Liver and some part of it be carri'd streight way through the Hepatic Passages of Choler toward their Trunc to that of the Guts and another part through the Roots of the Bag to its Cavity and thence through the Cystic Passage to that same of the Guts and the Gut it self yet doth it not follow thence 1. that nothing of the same Choler passes out of the same Kernels to the least Branches of the Hollow Vein implanted also in the Kernels 2. That none of the same Choler carri'd through the noted Hepatic Passages of Choler passes into the Branches of the Port Vein closly conj ind to them For it is neither provâ—d hitherto by Him nor any other as I know of that Choler is separated out of the Venal and not Arterial Blood It is indeed said but not prov'd by Him or any else that the Port Vein doth supply the Office as an Artery which being Hepatic is not wanting but appearing 15. Before I procede to the Motion of Choler I have one thing to admonish of its Rising even according to the Experiments of the mentiond Malpighius that it is to be determind two-fold the one single of Choler receiv'd out of the Glandulous Kernels through the least Branches of the Biliar Hepatic Passage and driven forward streight way toward the greater Trunc the other double of Choler admitted through the Roots of its Bag out of the same Glandulous Kernels and anon carri'd to the Bag it self and staying â—here a while and getting if not a new then at least a farther change before it be poured out through the Cystic Passage Whence perhaps as is set down in Sect. 8. the Choler receivd out of the Passage of Choler alone is more pale fluid and less bitter then that which is gatherd in its Bag. 16. None ever deni'd that Choler is mov'd to the small Gut seeing it may easily be cleard by evident experiments but many deny that it is carri'd upward through the Liver and the Branches of the Hollow Vein to its Trunc and so with the Blood to the Heart as for me I do not doubt now to assert being mov'd with two Arguments especially least I should be too long wherof one argues Motion through the Hepatic Passage of Choler to be possible the other that it is necessary 17. None can deny that Choler may be carri'd through the Hepatic Passage to the Heart that knows there is an open way for it through this Passage and hence through the Hollow Vein which the Experiment made by me and others describ'd in my Sixth Physical Dispute Sect. 51. proves which is by thrusting in a Pipe and then blowing Wind into the mentiond Passage out of which Wind is observd by degrees to have pierc'd to the Trunc of the Vena Cava and the Right Ventricle of the Heart and so to the Lungs themselvs seeing all those parts are puffd up by that Wind. 18. The Jaundice demonstrates Choler to be necessarily carri'd out of the Liver toward the Heart not only out of its Glandulous Kernels but also out of its Bag through the Passage of the Liver whether it be ascrib'd to the Passage into the Guts Obstructed as is the common Opinion of Physicians or be caus'd by the Spiritousness of the Vniversal Choler and especially that of the Cystica encrest that is elaborated in its Bag according to Sect. 15. which I judg to be most consentaneous to Truth for Reasons oft to be propos'd in Chap. 46. 19. As therfore in the Jaundice in the preternatural state of Man either all or at least the most of Choler is manifestly carri'd toward the Blood so in a mean Health and a natural State of Man we must wholly conclude that much of it is carri'd thither especially seeing not one solid and binding reason against this Motion is hitherto offerd by any as far as I know 20. Now these things of the Rising and Motion of Choler being chang'd after a certain manner according to Experience the Use assignd to it by Me remaining still let us see how many and what ways every one uses to be deprav'd the Separation or Generation of Choler may be deprav'd 1. When it is more or less Deficient 2. When too Much. 3. When bred variously with a Vitious Quality 21. 1. The breeding of new Choler is more or less Deficient both by the fault of Blood and of the Glandulous Kernels 22. This coms to pass by fault of the Blood as oft as the useful and necessary parts that are requir'd in it to repair and restore Choler are intangled and detaind in it and so hinder its Separation 23. All Aromatics especially those that are bitter and Volatil Salts chiefly those that are Oily do conduce to repair Choler 24. The Contraries to Choler are Acids and especially Tart as also Viscous and Earthy things hindring its Separation 25. The Blood becoms so 1. by cloudy and cold and so North Air. 2. By viscous and tart Food 3. By much and deep Sleep 4. By sorrow and terror of Mind 5. By too much rest of Body 6. By a more Costive and somtimes loose Body 26. Choler may be Deficient by the fault of the Glandulous Kernels as oft as they are less apt to promote its Separation although it is not yet evident what kind of ones are requir'd to that end 27. I have at least observd this that Medicins rendring the Blood fit for the Separation of any Humor do likewise render the Parts in and from which all Separations come apt to finish the same Separation whence I conclude that there is such an affinity between the Parts and Humors to be Separated in them that the Blood and Parts appropriated to that Office are helpt or hurt by the same thing From which affinity I hope it will come to pass that the Nature of every Part serving to every Function or Separation will somtime be found out by any call'd to it 28. II. The Separation of Choler out of the Blood is Encreasd in like manner somtimes by the fault of Blood other-times of the Glandulous Kernels 29. It
it seems to be evident wherein its chief Cure consists and from which or which kind of Medicins it may and ought to be hoped for and expected 81. For the confirmation of this mine Assertion I produce Saffron familiar in the Cure of the Jaundice and which seeing the Fat is commended upon that very account it favours mine Opinion for Saffron is easily joind to a Volatil Spirit by the help wherof there is made an excellent Tincture and Extract by which seeing that besides the Animal Spirits are wont to be brought to rest and tranquillity yea perhaps to sleepiness sleep succeding both mild and somtimes deep enough the whole Matter becoms so much the more manifest 82. Opium it self the most potent Drowsie Allayer of the Animal Spirits is Oily and Fat giving them a slow and difficult Motion yea almost taking it away 83. The Volatil Spirits therfore may be fore'd and bound by Fat and Oily things and brought to rest and tranquillity whence it seems to be evident if as oft as the Animal Spirits joind to Choler in too great quantity or exalted in it that is strengthned in their Power and Efficacy do breed the Jaundice by making it more Volatil and movable so oft the same Jaundice is to be Cur'd its noted volatilness and moveableness being overcom'd by Medicins that are Oily and do mildly procure Sleep 84. This same seem the fixt and Anodyn Sulphurs of Minerals and Metals mildly fixing and quieting the Volatil Spirits to confirm being not without cause much estem'd by the more Skilful Chymists 85. The same Choler more or less corrected is again to be deduc'd to the small Gut by Cholagogues chiefly by the most commonly us'd Rhubarb taken any way wherfore I again mention the Decoction prescrib'd in Sect. 68. 86. IV. The ill-favourd Colour of the Skin somtimes Yellow somtimes of an obscure Green in the Jaundice is of its own accord and by degrees lost and abolisht but is sooner remov'd by subtil Sudorifics having a Volatil Salt in them whether a mild Sweat or none follow For it matters little whether Sweat break forth then also or no seeing that this Choler abiding in any Parts against Nature may be cleans'd by the said Volatil Salts apt to promote a Sweat and may be driven forth with insensible transpiration 87. For Example Let the Party Sick of the Jaundice whose Excrements are of their wonted Colour whose Appetite is restor'd whose Urin is less dyed with a red Colour whose golden Colour in the Skin is no more encreasd but rather a little lessend let him I say use often in a day one Spoonful of this following Potion by which if a Sweat breath forth a perfect Cure may be the sooner expected but if more of a red Matter and a little after setling be rather sent forth by Urin the removing of the vitious Colour from the Skin must be expected more slow yet as good â„ž Water of Grass Wormwood of each â„¥ ii Tincture of SaffronÊ’ iii. Sp. of Salt Armoniac 30 drops Mineral BezoardÊ’ ss Laudanum 4 Gr. Syr. of Fenel â„¥ i. M. CHAP. XLVII Of the Motion of Choler to the Blood through the Liver Deprav'd 1. ACcording to the Ingenious Observations of that Famous Malpighius about the true place of the Separation of Choler which I approv'd of in Chap. 44. I judg'd in Sect. 16 c. of the same Chapter that Choler also was carri'd from the Glandulous Kernels up towards the Heart with the Blood tending thither from the Liver 2. I suppose this Motion of Choler towards the Heart is seldom deprav'd that is remov'd or turnd unless perhaps in the Disease Cholera and why not so often therfore deadly 3. This Rage or Violence downward of the Vniversal at least the most of Choler if ever it have place may be ascrib'd at least in my conjecture to the vitious Effervescency of the Choleric parts of Blood raisd in its Vessels by Summer-Fruits or other such-like hurtful things taken and carri'd to the Mass of Blood because of which if not all then sure the most parts will be hastned to the small Gut and thence expeld with great force partly upward partly downward without a convenient separation of it self in the glandulous Knobs of the Liver unspeakable Anxieties of the Stomach and Gut concurring by reason perhaps of a new Effervescency also vitious and most troublesom made with the Juice of the Pancreas in the small Gut 4. This perverse and partly turnd Motion of Choler cannot be Cur'd unless the vitious Effervescency of Choler both in the Mass of Blood and in the small Gut be allayd yielding to Opiats only as I have said in Chap. 15. Sect. 34. CHAP. XLVIII Of the Mixing of Choler with Blood in the Liver Deprav'd 1. THe same Choler which is thought by me to be sent out of the Glandulous Knobs of the Liver toward the Heart seems first to be mixt with the Blood returning to the Trunc of the Hollow Vein through its Branches implanted in the Liver wherby the Vical Effervescency between the ascending and descending Blood may so be more happily raisd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart 2. This mixing of Choler with Blood seems to be deprav'd 1. when it is more loose and less 2. When it is more intire and greater 3. When it is unequal 3. I scarce think that there can be at any time just no mixing of Choler with Blood 4. I. I judg that Choler is less and more loosly mixt and so rather confus'd with the Blood when it is very Spiritous as in the Jaundice of which we have abundantly spoken in Chap. 46. or very viscous or earthy whence it will be more difficultly slowly and so more imperfectly and less united to the Blood 5. II. I judg that Choler is more and closer mixt with the Blood when it is more salt and sharp and perhaps fatter which seems to be confirmd by Burning Fevers 6. III. Choler is Vnequally mixt with the Blood in the Liver when it is not Homogeneal but Heterogeneal consisting of divers parts some sharper some duller which I think has place in the beginning of the Jaundice and other cases as yet not enough observd for we get different Choler oft enough out of the same Bag. 7. Whilst we here describe Diseases as yet not enough observd and searchd out by Practitioners no wonder if their Signs be as yet uncertain and several other things therto belonging be even now obscure which somtime may be found and determind by the diligence of others mean while we communicate those things which we hope may serve the more happy Wits 8. I. We gave you the Cure of Choler peccant in spiritousness encreasd in Chap. 46. Sect. 73 c. 9. The Cure of Choler peccant in viscousness encreasd may be most happily instituted with a continu'd use of any more sharp Aromatics and Volatil Salts 10. Choler more Earthy and prone to be Lapidescent may be cur'd with the dulcifi'd Spirit
because of its different yea somwhat contrary disposition of both in certain parts of it 5. The same Chyle obtains its Last Perfection of Blood by the continu'd and contemper'd Effervescency newly mention'd more accurately to be explain'd in certain Circumstances in the next following Chapters because of the Breathing Air in the Lungs the Left Ear and Ventricle of the Heart and the greatest Branches of the Great Arterie 6. By the power and benefit of this Effervescency we conceive the Vital Fire breaks out and rises which no less changes the fat of Chyle coming than of Blood returning from what place soever and by rarefying the Oily Parts and also loosly uniting all the other reduces it into one Mass Heterogeneally-Homogeneal and so Chyle it self into true Blood by the same labour 7. This Sanguification of Chyle is deprav'd especially when the Blood is bred least laudable and vitious by it Serous Phlegmatic or peccant in any other Proper or Common Sensible Quality which somtimes manifests it self with a Cachexie other-times Anasarca or Leucophlegmatia or else with Leanness or any other apparent fault in Nourishment 8. Every Cause of Sanguification Vitiated is either in Chyle it self or in the Choleric Blood Ascending or in the Descending Lymphatic Blood or in some External Cause or in more concurring together 9. The Cause of Sanguification Deprav'd is to be sought in Chyle it self and to be found as often as it is produc'd Vitious because either Food or Spittle c. is Vitious of which formerly 10. The Cause of Sanguification deprav'd is in the Choleric Blood Ascending to the Heart which abounds with Choler as often as vitious Choler is mixt in the Liver in a greater or less quantity or otherwise 11. Choler is mixt with the Blood in a greater quantity when it is bred more plenteously in its Bag by Aromatic Food plenteously us'd and abounding with a Volatil Salt or it is over-plentifully effus'd out of its Bag because of the greater fluidity given it either by Heat of Air or Food both too Sharp and also Spiritous or by a strong Motion of Body or by vehement Anger or by Watchings and such-like 12. Choler is mixt in less quantity with the Blood when it is bred more sparingly by Food destitute of an Aromatic strength which is wont to produce Phlegm such as is Sea-Fish and such-like continually us'd or it is more slowly effus'd out of its Bag because of its fluidity diminish'd and thickness encreas'd one while by cold and sharp Air other-times by Food newly mention'd and Cold Drink too frequently us'd other-whiles by a grievous Sorrow of Mind or Great Terrors coming unexpectedly as also by much and long continu'd Sleep and daily Rest of Body c. 13. Choler is mixt with the Blood not only in too great or too little quantity but somtimes over-Sharp or over-Fat and so far also it vitiates it 14. Choler is made too Sharp by the Heat of Air the abounding Acrimonie of Food or rather of its Sauces such as is in Pepper Cloves Ginger Mastard c. by Watchings too much and protracted Exercise of Body continu'd Anger especially when join'd with Solicitude 15. Choler becoms Fatter especially by too much Use of fat Food at least drest with much Fatness Butter Oil c. whither may be referr'd distill'd Oils often us'd 16. The Cause of Sanguification Deprav'd is in the Blood descending to the Heart and because the Lympha is mixt with it it 's call'd Lymphatic Blood as often as the Lympha is found either over Acid or Salt or Phlegmatic or Watry 17. The Lympha becoms over-Acid because of Food both Sowr and season'd with very Acid things us'd too plenteously and long or because of Northern Air and Solicitude of Mind Sorrow or Terror somtimes by Waking and too much Wearying the Body c. happening 18. The Lympha is made over-Salt easily and as frequently by cold and sharp Air piercing the Vniversal Body and especially the Head warm'd and running down with a Sweat begetting the Stuffing of the Head that is a troublesom Sense of Heaviness not only in the Head but in the Joints also whence as a Salt Liquor distills afterward through the Nostrils in a following Snuffle of the Nose so likewise then it seems even consentaneous not only to Reason but also to the Affliction of the Sick then oft urging and so to daily Experience that there is produc'd all over a Salt Humor in the Conglobated Glandules and after that effus'd into the Habit of the Body and the Muscles as also driven forward through the Lymâ—hatic Vessels toward the Heart 19. The Lympha is over-Phlegmatic by reason of â—he prolong'd Use of over-moist and cold Air the too â—uch eating of such-like Food especially Fishes â—ulse Potherbs c. Beer not enough boil'd or fermented Well-Water c. an heavy Life and Void of Care much and long Sleep and many such-like things 20. The Lympha becoms over Watry by the overâ—se of Rain-Water or any other too thin and overâ—oist Air mean while neglecting as well Spiritous as â—ucculent and Acid Food 21. Sanguification is immediately vitiated by an exâ—rnal Cause when there is an Error committed in â—e or more Non-natural things so call'd in that time when laudable Chyle and Blood is carri'd to the Heart by the Air first hot and suddenly cold by Drink very piercing Spiritous or mixt with Ice especially abundantly Us'd by vehement Agitation of the Body by a grievous Passion of Mind Wrath Sorrow Fear Amazement or Solicitude vexing c. whence either over-sharp Choler or the Juice of the Pancreas over-Acid or over-Sharp or the Phlegm of the Guts over-Viscous is carri'd all over and especially towards the Heart in which it so corrupts either the Chyle or the Blood before well constituted that the Blood cannot but be bred bad of the Chyle flowing to it 22. The Sanguification of Chyle deprav'd according to the diversity of the Cause may be diversly Cur'd For 1. as often as it depends of Choler too Plentiful mixt with the Ascending Blood it ought to be diminisht by Cholagogues often mention'd 23. The new Rise of the same Choler is to be stopt by shunning or at least moderating the Non-natural Things so call'd that produce it which were newly mention'd as also by using more liberally those things which we said bred less Choler 24. 2. When Sanguification is deprav'd by too little Choler tending to the Heart it ought to be encreas'd by using somwhat more plentifully those things which we have asserted do breed Choler more plentifully and also by Shunning those things which we have taught according to Experience to be contrary to its breeding 25. 3. As often as Choler too Sharp depraves the Sanguification of Chyle so often it is to be Temper'd by Medicins often propos'd before and especially in Chap. 1. Sect. 11 c. and in Chap. 10. Sect. 42. besides by shunning all things in Sect. 14. of this Chapter which make
Body 4. By prolong'd Wakings 5. By grievous and persevering Cares and Solicitudes of Mind 6. By a Phlegmatic Diarrhaea or any other preternatural Defluxion or Flux of a Phlegmatic Humor in a Distillation of Rheum Cough Dropsie c. 47. V. On the contrary the same Effervescency proceeds over-slowly by reason of the abundance of Viscous Phlegm especially in the Blood and some kind of sluggishness of Choler and Lympha following it 48. We related the Causes of over-Viscous Phlegm in Chap. 2. Sect. 7 and 9. 49. VI. The self-same Effervescency is Deprav'd and becoms Vitious several ways when it is observ'd either Vnequal somtimes Greater again presently Lesser one while too Quick presently over-slow or is Inordinate and again ceases a little or is interrupted again presently repetes and becoms more Potent no order being observ'd as it happens somtimes in several kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation in which the Pulse is felt somtimes weak rare little comprest yea somtimes none at all again it is perceiv'd strong frequent great or wonderfully troubled with a notable Palpitation of the Heart 50. The Cause of this Unequal Effervescency is the Unequal Quantity of Choler or Lympha or the Liquor arising from the foremention'd three-fold prevailence in the Guts or of other Humors that as yet perhaps are wont to be mixt with the Blood and not as yet enough perceiv'd by any join'd to either Blood 51. For where More of Choler enters into the Heart with the Ascending Blood the Effervescency will be Greater and Quicker whence also a Greater and more Frequent Pulse where on the contrary Less of it comes there will be a Lesser and also Slower Effervescency rais'd and also the Pulse Lesser and more Rare 52. But where more of Lympha shall come with the Descending Blood to the Heart there will procede a Less and Slower Effervescency together with a Less and more Rare Pulse contrarily where Less of it shall flow out there will be a Greater and Quicker Effervescency produc'd and a Greater and more Frequent Pulse 53. When the Nature and Strength of the Liquor rising out of the Three-fold Humors that Flow together to the Small Gut shall be more clearly discern'd by us we can more solidly and certainly determine of the Harms that follow their vitious Constitution Which also is to be understood of other Humors if as we suspect there may yet be more which are mixt either immediately or mediatly with the Blood flowing back to the Heart 54. We therefore note this here that so we may stir up others to search the Truth with us that as yet lies hid to Physicians in many things intending to rejoice and congratulate as we have done to others already their greater felicity perhaps in searching out the same thing before us and always to return due thanks to God the Giver of all Good for the benefit bestowed on Man-kind by any not intending to envy any ones pains diligence invention and other things thereto appertaining or to blame with Reproaches after the manner of certain sluggish lazy Men and ill-employing their leisure 55. We judg the Cause of the Inordinate Effervescency of Blood to be the Vnequal Flowing to the Heart not only either of Choler or Lympha c. only or together but of both or of more Whence there is a greater Confusion and Disturbance in it one while with a notable Palpitation of the Heart presently with its Motion and Pulse taken away to Sense in the Hypochondriac Suffocation so often observable 56. Although the Palpitation of the Heart and grievous Swouning arises somtimes from Humors carri'd with the Blood to the Heart producing a vitious Effervescency yet we think that it is oftner produc'd by Sharp Vapors elevated from the Small Gut because of a vitious Effervescency there also rais'd and then carri'd to the upper Orifice of the Ventricle and Gullet and also to the Heart through the Lacteal Veins and Passage of the Thorax disturbing the Effervescency of the Blood and irritating the Heart 57. I. Seeing the Effervescency of Blood wholly Abolisht is Incurable diligent heed must be taken that it as often as may should be Shund and Prevented in time which will be 1. where the Defect of Choler is to be feard by the Disease Cholera after the hurtful Effervescency of Choler then raging and it s too great Effusion into the Guts is ally'd of which see Chap. 15. Sect. 26 29 and 34. by Repairing and Renewing Choler by the use of any Sharp and Oily Aromatics as the Distill'd Oils of the Leaves and Flowers of Rosmary Majoran c. of the Seeds of Anise Fenel Carua c. of the Rinds of Citron Oranges c. of Cinamon Nutmegs Mace Cloves c. 58. These Aromatic Oils if they be united artificially with the Spirit of Wine are call'd by some Balsams or Elixirs of Life whereof one or two drops being given in a convenient Liquor especially Wine do restore the Vital Strength Languishing for the defect of Choler and seem to snatch those out of the Jaws of Death that otherwise were dying do somtimes raise again those that were esteem'd for dead 59. Hither also do appertain all Volatil Salts though they that are Oily are more effectual than the rest and therefore to be preferd 60. The Abolisht Effervescency of Blood may be Prevented 2. Where there is fear thereof both in the Pest and also in Malign Feavers by reason of the High Volatility and Acrimony of Choler then peccant by Fixing and Coagulating and Tempering it by very Tart Acids Verjuice crude Alum Acacia or in place thereof the thickned Juice of Hypocistis or Wild Plums c. Among Chymical things the Spirit of Nitre Salt Vitriol Sulphur Alum and such-like are deservedly approv'd and commended especially often distill'd and made more mild with the rectifi'd Spirit of Wine 61. By all these Choler will not only be corrected but the diminisht consistency of the Blood will be restor'd and the sluggishness of the Lympha also amended and so the Vital Effervescency of Blood for diverse Causes almost Abolisht will be preserv'd and restor'd 62. The same Abolishment of Blood vitally Effervescent in the Right Ventricle of the Heart where by reason of too much Acidity of Lympha there is fear lest the Vital Fire be opprest and suffocated together with Choler at least the Blood too much coagulated by it cannot conveniently be rarefi'd may 3. be prevented by Correcting and Breaking the faulty Acidity of Lympha by the foremention'd Oily Volatil Salts and Aromatic Oils as well pure as farther elaborated into the foremention'd Balsams of Life Which seeing they hitherto conduce may deservedly be us'd almost in all danger of Life that happens without great heat manifest both to the External Senses and lying hid in Malign Fevers and especially burning and vexing the Midrif 63. Not only the excedeing Acidity of Lympha may be diminish'd by the same Oily Volatil Salts but Choler also prest and almost
deservedly mentiond being dissolvd in Wine a little Sowr or in a little distild Vinegar whereby they may the easier mix with the Acid Humor peccant in the Body For Example ℞ Hyssop Fenel-Water of each ℥ i. ss Matthiolus his Aqua Vitae ℥ i. distild Vinegarʒ ii Crabs-Eyes pouderdʒ ss Syr. of Scurvy-grass ℥ i. M. Or ℞ Mint-Water ℥ ii ss Simple Treacle-Waterʒ vi Tincture of Castorʒ ii Sp. of Salt Armoniac ℈ i. Oil of Orange-Peel 6 drops Syr. of Fenel ℥ i. M. The first Mixture will be less effectual but more grateful the latter less grateful but more efficacious both us'd by Spoonfuls will conduce to temper the too sharp Acid Humor although the latter is to be preferd when any thing of Tartness shall be observd to concur whose chief sign is any Straitness tending to the Hypochondriac Suffocation whether it rise up to the Jaws or stick about the Midrif and beget inexplicable anxieties to the Sick continually threatning a present Swouning 26. The Contraction of the Heart ceasing in a vehement Apoplexie will never be Cur'd nor easily prevented unless by very Spiritous and Aromatic Liquors often us'd Matthiolus his Aqua Vitae Apoplectic Waters and such-like mean while not neglecting other things that correct and educe the Antecedent Causes of the Apoplexie to be propos'd elsewhere 27. A Plethora of Blood is soon and safely Cur'd by a sufficient Emptying of it by opening a Vein whether it be together and at once or by repeted turns according to the peculiar nature and strength of the Sick For there are many who cannot bear to have much taken away together but soon fall into a Swouning by which seeing none can at any time receive any good I had rather that it should be prevented as often as may be and every Cure be done securely rather than rashly seeing it often happens to those rash Blood-Letters that they educe Life together with the Blood Whereof there is no danger if the Blood be taken in a smaller quantity by short spaces to be stopt as soon as the least sign appears of a present Swouning and after that if the Disease still require again to be taken away with more benefit to the Sick 28. The Reason Generation and Cure of an Obstruction and Inflammation following it shall particularly be treated anon in Chap. 40. 29. II. The over-slow Motion of Blood through the Lungs may be Cur'd 1. By Correcting its Phlegmatic Viscousness by Medicins that Cut and Attenuate whether Spiritous or Salt or Oily or somtimes Acid us'd either alone or prudently mixt often propos'd 30. 2. By taking away the present Straitness of the Vessels diversly according to the diversity of the Causes peccant but of these things elsewhere 31. 3. By Repairing the want of the Animal Spirits contracting the Heart too weakly both by taking often Food very Spiritous strong Wine and especially its Spirit as well simple as many ways Aromatiz'd with the addition of divers things seldom alone and pure often broken and diluted with the mixture of grateful watry Liquors and also by shunning and moderating Cares and Watchings night Studies prolongd Weariness of Body c. 32. III. The over-swift Motion of Blood through the Lungs may be Cur'd 1. By diminishing its Fluidity by Thickning Food or Medicins 33. Of Food use Feet and other extreme parts of Brutes abounding with Gelie and so Fishes and especially Sea-Fish 34. Let the Drink be Red Wine and a little harsh or Steeld Beer or made Medicinal with any more grateful Astringents 35. Among Medicins we mention Diascordium new Treacle and every kind of Sealed Earth Harts-Horn c. 36. The Pills of Hounds-Tongue correct the Salt Serous Humor before all other things taken daily once or twice to two or three Grains instead whereof these of Styrax following may be prepar'd and us'd in like quantity ℞ Styrax Calamita Juice of Licorice thickned or extracted Olibanum red Myrrh Opium of Thebes of eachʒ ss Oriental Saffron ℈ i. with Syr. of white Poppies as much as is sufficient Make it a Mass of Pills 37. If Troches please better use the following form or one like it ℞ White Henbane white Poppie-Seeds of each ʒ ss Male Frankincense red Myrrh of each ℈ i. best Saffron ℈ ss Juice of Licorice thickend ʒ i. Sugar of Marsh-malows ℥ ss Gum-Dragon dissolvd in Rose-Water ʒ i. M. to be small Troches according to Art Let the Sick keep one of these often in his Mouth and swallow it by degrees Also Opium of Thebesʒ ss may be mixt with Them whence any Acrimony of Humors may more powerfully be corrected 38. 2. The over-quick Motion of Blood through the Lungs may be Cur'd by tempering its Heat encreasd in the Heart by Sowr and Watry things of which consists Sempervivum Majus Plantane Nightshade Sorrel c. that allay the heat of Blood more mildly or more potently 39. 3. The same over-quick Motion of Blood through the Lungs may be Cur'd by Tempering the sharp Humor carri'd to the Heart by those that are Spiritous Oily and especially Opiats and others often mentiond and also when it abounds Educing it by Hydragogues often mentiond 40. Sharp Vapors also carri'd to the Heart are to be Temperd with the same and Discussd by Spiritous Diaphoreties having both a Simple and Oily Volatil Salt Their new Production ought to he hindred especially by Opiats and Anodyns most convenient to the Constitution and Accompanying Symptoms 41. IV. The Blood Essus'd through the Lungs Mov'd another way than whither it ought may be Cur'd 1. In the Spitting of Blood the burst or corroded Vessels being speedily Consolidated by the Mixture describ'd in Chap. 9. Sect. 20. or one like it being oft taken by Spoonfuls presently Turning the Blood from the Lungs that flowd too plenteously in a Plethora by a Vein opend in the Arm or in either or both Feet Lastly The Sharp Salt or Sowr Humors that descend from the Head being Corrected by those before mentiond in Sect. 35 c. Opiats and mild Aromatics Also by Curing or Shunning Coughing Shouting Leaping or any other too vehement Motion of the Body 42. When the Vessels of the Lungs are distended near breaking by the Blood Kindled and waxing too thin the Blood is to be let out speedily by Opening a Vein and temperd moreover taking cooling Julaps in a sufficient quantity especially prepar'd of those that are Watry and Sowr For Example ℞ Barley-Water ℥ xx Julap of Roses ℥ iii. Oil of Sulphur prepar'd by a Glass-Bell as much as suffices for an Acidity grateful to the Sick M. Let the Sick often drink a moderat Draught till the Heat be observd to be moderat 43. The Cure of a Peripneumonie is to be seen in Chap. 40. 44. The most Wounds of the Great Vessels of the Lungs are wont to be deadly but the Cure of the Lesser and also of Spitting of Matter shall be given elsewhere CHAP. XXI Of the Alteration of Blood by Air Inspired and Expired Deprav'd
it Ceases or is Abolisht 2. When it is not sufficient and therefore is too Frequent 3. When it is with pain and Difficulty 4. I. The Inspiration of Air is said by me to Cease when there is no need thereof which happens both in the Syncope and in some kinds of Hypochondriac Suffocation in which a Man somtimes may want all Respiration at least manifest to Sense for a notable time to wit whole dayes without the change of Life with Death of which only true Physicians are wont to speak judging by what is observd by Sense yielding the Imaginary Respiration to imagining Doctors 5. But then there is no necessity of Inspired Air because there is no notable Burning of Blood raisd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart there happening no notable Rarefaction of the same wherefore the Blood having no heat there needs no Tempering its desired Rarefaction no condensing but the Ventricles of the Heart are not very much expanded or otherwise provok'd to contract it self in such a Disease whence the Pulse then is Deficient to Sense of necessity Of which see also Chap. 19. Sect. 14 c. 6. The same Inspiration of Air is said by me to be Abolisht when its need of being inspir'd doth urge there being a notable Effervescency and Rarefaction of Blood in the Right Ventricle of the Heart the Pulse remaining great and strong enough though for a short space yet the Inspiration it self Ceases and is suddenly taken away in the forementiond Suffocation or Strangulation 7. The Inspiration of Air so necessary to Life being full of motion is Abolisht either by the fault of the Thorax and Midrif or of the Lungs and Waies 8. I think that Inspiration cannot be Abolisht by the fault of the Breast or Midrif alone although when both are deficient together in their Motion nothing hinders but that it may be 9. They are Deficient together in their Motion when all the parts are destitute of the Animal Spirits and hence of Sense and Motion in the most grievous Apoplexie whence Death succedes certainly and suddenly 10. The Inspiration of Air may be Abolisht by the fault of the Lungs when the sharp Arterie is straitned after any extreme manner 11. The Inspiration of Air may be Abolisht by the fault of the Waies tending to the Lungs when either the Mouth and Nostrils together are quite stopt or the Throat is obstructed or comprest excedingly in the Suffocating Catarrh so call'd the Squinsie Strangulation c. 12. The Inspiration of Air is not sufficient and therfore also Frequent Both 1. by the fault of the Blood carrid through the Lungs and 2. of the Brest and 3. of the Midrif and 4. of the Lungs and 5. their Waies 13. 1. This happens by the fault of Blood carrid through the Lungs as often as it being too much Kindled and Rarefi'd in the Heart cannot be enough temperd by the Air inspir'd in its wonted quantity and manner but requires more of it than is usual wherefore the Expansion of the Brest and Midrif is both Greater and especially more Frequent to help that defect and that more Air may be inspired seeing that it is more easily hastned then augmented add that an often iterated Inspiration of a little external Air is more convenient to temper continually the Blood too much raising an Effervescency than too great plenty of it coming more seldom 14. 2. The Inspiration of Air is not sufficient and therefore too Frequent by the fault of the Brest when it cannot be lifted up and expanded enough and as much as ought both because of the Gristles of the Brest too much hardned and especially because of a Pleurisie hindring the Dilatation of the Brest by reason of the Pain accompanying 15. 3. The Inspiration of Air is not Sufficient and therefore too frequent by the fault of the Midrif either when it cannot conveniently be stird up in its double and reciprocal Motion because of its proper Disease especially an Inflammation or when it cannot be enough expanded downward by want of spaâ—e in the Belly and other Impediments there as it usually falls out in a grievous Dropsie call'd Ascites or when the Child lies high in the Womb the Stomach or Guts distended with Wind c. 16. 4. The Inspiration of Air is not Sufficient and therefore too frequent by fault of the Lungs when their Vniversal Substance or at least the most part is too little spongie and too small or they are troubled with a Peripneumonie or urg'd only with a moderate Straitness of the notable Branches of the Sharp Arterie 17. The Substance of the Lungs is too little Spungie as often as it is too Fleshy and Solid such as I have often found in the Dissecting of several after Death or also wrinkled such as have been somtime in like manner observd â—y me although I think it very hard if not impossible to render the adequate Cause of this Disease yet I conjecture that the Substance of the Lungs becomes too Fleshy and Solid as often as it is both lightly fretted and again consolidated and nourished so that by degrees its Flesh becomes more solid by the too sharp together with the too viscous Blood in the middle part between the Arteries and Veins 18. I refer the Wrinkling of its Substance to be taken from the over-Tart and Sharp Blood rather poâ—ently contracting than truly nourishing it there â—ightly fretted unless perhaps it happen by Matter or Water likewise tart gatherd in the Cavity of the Brest and by degrees piercing and binding it 19. 5. The Inspiration becomes more Frequent because not Sufficient by the fault of the Waies grantâ—ng passage for the Air to the Lungs when the Nâ—â—trils only are more or less stopt both continually in an Hurt or by Chance c. commonly inbred or by an external Cause often accidental the harm beâ—ng adventitious and permanent and often by spacâ—s â—n a Disease that troubles somtimes more otherâ—imes less as in the Stuffing of the Head a Pâ—lypus c. and somtimes by External Things put up the Nostrils whence the Inspiration of Air is then to be made with open Mouth which will therefore be more hindred and so more frequent and yet more if the Sick be to speak or walk for a space especially if he must hasten 20. The same may hap if the Entrance of the Throat be more or lâ—ss stâ—pt with thick and viscous Phlegm or the Tonsills be Inflamed or otherwise Swelld and stop up the way at least in part of the Air to be Inspired in which Disease a more frequent Inspiration is observd whether it procede from a Straitness of the Waies alone or the Trouble come which to me is most probable by the over-cold Air too plenteously suckt in at once to shun which a more frequent and also less Inspiration may be orderd 21. III. The Inspiration of Air which is with Difficulty is generally call'd Dyspnaea the chief kinds whereof are an Hard Breathing Orthopnaea
Midrif is for the most part drawn into consent to make an Hicket by the Stomach first affected and especially by Sharp Vapors or Wind or Humors whencesoever procedeing and piercing what way soever to the Membraneous Centre of the Midrif and provoking it by pricking or corroding to perform that Convulsive Motion 11. Therefore I judg the true Cause of the Hicket to be whatsoever is apt to compel the Midrif to a violent but not continu'd and presently interrupted or ceasing and again often a repeating Contraction of it self whether it be found in the Stomach to which hurtful and sharp Medicins or Food rather to be call'd Poison are to be referrd or the same rise up out of the small Gut by the Vitious Effervescency of the Humors meeting raisd in the form of an Humor Vapor or Wind and so affect the upper Orifice of the Stomach especially by corroding that the Midrif encompassing it is also affected or the same being shut up in the Cavity of the Thorax or Belly immediately frets the Midrif or is carri'd to it through its Vessels and sticking in its Substance corrodes its sensible parts or compells it any other way to that troublesome and convulsive solitary and moreover continually repeating contraction of it self 12. If any shall observe both the external and internal evident Causes of Sneezing he will find it is raisd one while by the brightness of the Sun shining either immediately or from the Snow Ice Water a Looking-Glass c. by means of reflection othertimes by sharp things to wit Onions Mustard Radish c. or by things mov'd or drawn to the Nostrils or taken in at the Mouth other-times also by sharp Humors falling down from the Head to the Nostrils in a Stuffing of the Head or Snuffle of the Nose or from Vapors or Rifts likewise sharp ascending out of the Stomach or Small Gut and provoking the Nostrils so that there is always felt a pulling of the Nostrils of what kind soever Whence all these divers Causes do deservedly seem so far to produce a Sneezing in as much as they move the Nostrils those parts ascrib'd to Expiration by provoking and pulling them to expel that trouble the Air together being potently expir'd through the Nostrils with which vehement Excussion of the Air a vehement Shaking also of the Universal Body uses to concur 13. The Cause of a Cough is whatsoever can pull the Sharp Arterie of the Lungs or any way provoke and molest it 14. And indeed the Cause of a Moist Cough is observd to be manifold for somtimes certain things coming from without or taken in at the Mouth and being wrong carri'd into the Sharp Arterie do soon raise a troublesome Cough At other-times the Humors and for the most part Phlegmatic of several kinds either Sharp and Salt or Sowr or Mild and Insipid other-whiles thin and fluid or thick and viscous somtimes Blood pure or mixt with other Humors and somtimes Purulent Matter falling down from the Head and piercing into the same Sharp Arterie do compel the Lungs to Cough Again Humors likewise Various Blood Purulent Matter and perhaps Phlegm or a Serous Humor carri'd out of the Substance or Vessels of the Lungs into the same Arterie do breed a Cough 15. As often as Blood coming out of the Lungs is sent forth with a Cough so often this Disease is call'd a Spitting of Blood and Haemoptoic Passion 16. A Dry Cough has for its External Causes both cold Air and Drink receivd largely and troubling the Sharp Arterie but for Internals somtimes a very viscous or very thin and sharp Catarrh scarce yielding to the Air that is vehemently expir'd somtimes Vapors or Wind elevated from the small Gut and Ventricle through the Gullet and suckt into the Lungs together with the Air or insinuating themselves from the same Gut through the Lacteal Veins into the Heart Vessels of the Lungs yea their Substance even to the Sharp Arterie and provoking it continually to Cough without excluding it self 17. The manifold Diseases noted in Expiration Deprav'd may be Cur'd 1. By taking away or correcting their External Cause 2. By curing any Internal Diseases of the Solid Parts 3. By Amending any Harms of the Parts Containd and also by diminishing their Abundance and by Correcting their vitious Qualities and by removing out of place or moving out those that are peccant in place c. 18. And that we may begin at the Hicket as often as hurtful and sharp Food or Medicins or rather Poison are in the Stomach unless they can be temperd and corrected by those that Alter they are to be Expelld either by a Vomit upward the shorter way or by a Purge downward the longer way which is also to be understood of any Humors found in the Stomach or Small Gut and causing the Hicket 19. We have often before proposd Medicins that Alter and Correct the Humors as also any thing taken in what way soever peccant so that it seems not necessary to repete them here again we only admonish you this one thing That Opiats do conduce before all other things in curing any Hicket not only in as much as they temper any sharp Humors but moreover in as much as they blunt the Sense of the Stomach and perhaps also make the Animal Spirits more slow of Motion if they be us'd by times in a small quantity and so long till the Hicket either ceases or is notably diminisht 20. Among Vomits I here prefer Antimonials before all others both because they do most happily empty any Humors promiscuously and because they are most friendly to Mans Nature by degrees bringing all the Humors in Man after a peculiar manner to a most laudable state which power I doubt whether it be in other things likewise but know it is in Antimonie whatsoever Men blinded with their Prejudices prate to the contrary both otherwise Learned and Unlearned 21. But beware lest they be together taken in too great quantity seeing indeed every Excess is an Enemy to Nature and it is always safer that they be given in a less than in a greater Dose for no harm will at any time follow the first though often the latter for notwithstanding the Opinion of many Pretenders as well as Unskilful Physicians neither do other Purgers and especially Antimonials rightly prepar'd and us'd in a less quantity and emptying no Humor upward or downward hurt any which I having very many times experienc'd do testifie but they always then are profitable either by amending the hurtful Humors in the Body or by preparing them farther for the following Purge which I would chiefly have noted by Younger Physicians for whose sakes this my little Treatise is publishd and not for the Elder who are verst in the Works of Art and therefore need not my Information much less for the obstinate rejecting any thing of an other Man 's by Prejudice or Envy and no less unskilfully than wickedly carping at them 22. When therefore
Viscous Phlegm that stuck in the Passages of the Pancreas Which any that seriously weighs and examins the special and commonly call'd Specific Medicins for happy curing of Intermitting Fevers will easily acknowledg 75. As oft as Intermitting Fevers are not ended suddenly and by Medicins us'd by art or chance or by the Non-natural Things not naturally us'd and exceding custom but vanish away slowly and almost insensibly so oft if any observe all which befal the Sick he will find that the reason of this Solution is wholly to be ascrib'd to the same Non-natural things and somtimes to Medicins but very moderat ones and therfore such as do slowly and less observably produce this worthy Effect 76. Having now fully proved the rise of Intermitting Fevers as Intermitting from the Juice of the Pancreas Obstructed and Standing still in its Lateral Passages the next thing in course is that we deduce all the Symptoms in Fevers though never so different if notable both from the same and also from other Humors join'd with it and so prove and confirm our Opinion of Fevers and their Rise at least in part as we hope already prov'd 77. The Juice therefore of the Pancreas being made more sowr then naturally it is by its above-nam'd Obstruction and poured out into the Cavity of the small Gut after it has pierced through the obstructing Phlegm forth-with rises up against Choler meeting it and so raises an Effervescency with it sharper then usual and indeed varying according to the variery of Phlegm also adjoining 78. For so long as that Acid Juice by the help of Phlegm over-powers Choler it produces Coldness â—â—â—fâ—â—â—nt very much in many Circumstances 79. For 1. most frequently there is vehement Cold i◠〈◊〉 Râ—â—iâ—â— of the Loins where there is a conflux of the three fore-mentioned Humors in the Small Gâ—tâ— when the aforesaid Juice is more Acid and 〈◊〉 is not very viscous by which piercing the Tâ—nicle of the Guts it afflicts them with Coldness 80. 2. In the same Region of the Loins there is little or no Coldness felt when the Phlegm of Spittle is very Viscous and hinders the piercing of the Juice of the Pancreas to the Tunicle of the Gut whence Coldness molests one while in the middle of the Belly to wit about the end of the small Gut another while in the extreme parts of the Body only 81. 3. Coldness seems chiefly to molest in the Inner Parts of the Head when it abounds with a Phlegmatic Humor to which the Acid Juice or its Vapors joining manifest themselves there more then elsewhere and so torment the Sick whilst a Destillation of Rheum does assault and attend 82. 4. By these same Vapors if more gentle and also by the mixture of Phlegm of the Guts becoming more flatulent and going to the Lungs there are raisd in the beginning of most of the Fits Yawnings as also Gapings Vnquietness and weariness of the Lims by the same dispersd through the Habit of the Body 83. 5. At other times these over-sharp Vapors being less mixt with Phlegm but different in degrees of Acrimony do produce somtimes a Shivering somtimes a Stifness 84. 6. These same Vapors when they are more Acrimonious do breed Gnawing Pricking and so Griping Pains of the Belly as when they have much Phlegm mixt with them they then breed more weighty and beating Pains 85. 7. These same Vapors being both flatulent and acrimonious cause the Pulse in the beginning to be more frequent because of their Irritating the Heart when they come thither which by Degrees grows Lesser when Cold increasâ—s by reason of the increasd Acidity in these Vapors that arise the Blood being more coagulated and so less fit for its rarefaction Whence no wonder if beside all this the Pulse be made Weaker together with the whole Animal Motion which therfore can scarce or not at all be observd whil'st Coldness doth molest 86. But where all the Juice of the Pancreas becoming sharper by the Obstruction is effus'd into the Small Gut and Choler getting dominion again becoms sharper either by it self or is made sharper by reason of the vitious Effervescency made with the aforesaid Juice the Vapors which are then raisd for the most part more Choleric 1. do usually cause an Anxiety about the Midrif and somtimes a Queasiness and Vomiting or besides a Loosness of which we intend to speak more largely hereafter 87. 2. These same Vapors being very Choleric and partly rising up to the Ventricle and hence up to the Jaws partly passing through to the Heart and Lungs do provoke Thirst 88. 3. Likewise when Choler hath gaind dominion in the Heart the Blood by degrees rarefies more and the Pulse becoms greater and stronger although the former frequency remains which is increasd by an irritation of the Acrimony of Choler and the rarefaction of Blood at the Heart 89. Though chiefly the Heat and Burning in the Heart and thence in the whole Body is encreasd by Choler successivly over-ruling 90. And no Wonder if then 5. a driness of the Tongue do accompany such a Heat seeing Vapors effus'd out of the Blood and carri'd into the Lungs through the sharp Artery do dry the same 91. Neither is it a wonder if 6. Breathing be more difficult and encreasd seeing the Blood is much rarefi'd 92. As also if 7. Heat Pain and Pulsation of the Head chiefly do vex the Sick seeing no part of the Body hath so many Arteries and receivs so much Blood as the Head in which Region of the Temples the same Pulsation is felt more troublesom then elswhere because of the remarkable winding clefts of the Brain through which great Arteries are carri'd 93. Neither Wonder if 8. Watchings and somtimes a Raving do so frequently molest for then of necessity the Animal Spirits are vitiated and mov'd troublesomly and hindred of natural Rest or at least Tranquility wherfore the empty Mind of the Sick is disturbd and oft distracted 94. And after the preternatural heat and fury of Choler made sharper by the Juice of the Pancreas also sharpned after the same manner by its Obstruction begins to remit and the Humors are dispos'd to serenity and former tranquillity of the whole Body which during the troublesom Fit were more confus'd one with another do now sensibly separate and loosen from one another again yea some of them also are voided by Vrin or Sweat together with Drink taken pretty liberally 95. And as Watchings molest while the Fit continues so when it declines a pleasant Sleep uses to overtake the wearied and recreat them again 96. Which if the Humors of the Body more closely united separate from one another only in part the Sleep is observd less quiet and grievous with Dreams or Watching which testifies the Diseases rather to encrease then decrease 97. But that we may prosecute in order all the kinds of Fevers mentiond I. Chill Fevers arise from the Juice of the Pancreas over-Acid and joind to Phlegm plentiful and
and Weaker Pulse 51. The Pulse will be Less and more Languishing not only by the Defect but somtimes also the Excess of the fore-nam'd Humors For 1. the abundance of Blood call'd a Plethora hinders that the Blood by the defect of space and place cannot be expeld plenteously into the Arteries nor therfore the same be much and enough rarefi'd in the Right Ventricle of the Heart nor that the sides of the Heart can be much unfolded and again folded 52. Yea 2. Choler being carri'd in a greater plenty to the Heart especially in Burning Fevers doth not only rarefie the Blood more then is wonted and too potently with an over-great and strong Pulse but after it has at length filld all the spaces of the Vessels in that too great rarefaction by distending them and constituting the Plethora at or in the Vessels so call'd or to be call'd however it keep the hurtful Heat yet it cannot for want of Space spread out the Blood as before and produce a Great and Strong Pulse which is rather observd Less and Weaker gradually by the deficient Rarefaction of the Blood and the Explication and Complication of the Ventricles of the Heart till by any effusion of Blood there is a new Place prepar'd to receive the rest more rarefi'd together with a greater and stronger Pulse soon concurring 53. 3. The Lympha somwhat sowr if it com's in too great plenty to the Heart will also make the Pulse Less and so more Languishing because it will give a more firm and solid Consistency to the Blood then that it can be duly and enough rarefi'd sufficiently to dilate the Ventricles of the Heart whither a notable constriction may succede altogether necessary to make a Great and Strong Pulse 54. 4. The same is to be said of that Three-fold Liquor of the Small Guts if especially its office be to give to the Blood a natural coagulation depending on a somwhat tart sowr Liquor For when this is encreasd the Coagulation also of the Blood will be encreasd on the contrary its fitness to rarefie will be diminisht the Pulse will be diminisht and will also become Weaker 55. Seeing that a great plenty of laudable Air drawn into the Lungs cannot but be useful a Lesser or more Languishing Pulse cannot be expected nor derived from it 56. Yet 5. may the Pulse become Less and Weaker by Chyle carri'd to the Heart after any manner in a greater plenty in as much as it fills the Vessels of blood too much both effects encreases a Plethora 57. If both the Blood and other mentiond Humors carri'd with it to the Heart could produce a Less and more Languishing Pulse the quantity being either deficient or exceding certainly they will no less perform the same when they are peccant in an hurtful quality For 1. the Blood either too fluid or solid is unfit for its laudable Rarefaction which being deficient we have often already shown you that a Less and more Languishing Pulse follows 58. So 2. Choler Glutinous and not sharp enough will less effervesce and more sparingly send forth fiery parts whence the Blood will less rarefie and at length the Pulse will be Less and Weaker 59. 3. Lympha either too Sowr or Tart will not only render the Blood more glutinous and so less fit to rarefie but moreover will not only blunt Choler and its fiery parts whencesoever breaking forth and so will give occasion both for a Less and more languishing Pulse 60. 4. You may think and speak the same of the fore-namâ—d Three-fold Liquor either too sowr or Tart. 61. 5. The North and sharper Air conduceth much to coagulate the Blood much and hinder its Rarefaction 62. If 6. Food too Sowr or Tart be taken in the Chyle will also be made like it from which the noted inconveniences may be expected with a Less and Weaker Pulse 63. A Less and Weaker Pulse is caus'd also by other Things carried to the Heart beyond the Laws of Nature when the Humors are either corrupt in the Body or Vapors or Wind raisd by them or Poison piercing in at the Mouth Nostrils or Pores of the Skin or any other way into the Body come to the Heart together with the Blood and either too much loosen or dissolve or too much coagulate or curdle the Blood or render it unfit any other way for its due Rarefaction as we have before explaind at large 64. And that we may more closely apply all that we have hitherto premis'd to a Swouning and Syncope and deduce more clearly the Nature and Generation of both Diseases because in both the Pulse is not only observd Less and Weaker or None but the Animal Functions also Sense and Motion are not a little weakned let us see if and how so divers Diseases can be produc'd of one and the same Cause 65. The Symptoms therfore which are wont to be common to each Disease are to be considerd and distinguishd from those which are peculiar to a Syncope for a cold and glutinous Sweat breaks forth in a Syncope but not in a Swouning in which not so much as Coldness of the Vniversal Body is always observd although it be constant with a Syncope but the other Symptoms are often wont to be noted in each Disease Whence it is manifest that these Diseases do partly differ in degrees partly somthing more grievous uses to accompany a Syncope continually 66. If any examin with an attentive Mind all the Symptoms fore-mentiond as also the External or Manifest Causes and compare them with those which we have now deduc'd largly of a Less as well as Weaker Pulse he may easily conclude that each Disease and especially a Syncope do's chiefly arise from a sowr Liquor carri'd in a more large plenty to the Heart which obtains rule in the Blood not neglecting in the mean while the Glutinousness of several Humors 67. That this may be more evident we are pleas'd to weigh both the noted Symptoms and the mentiond Causes in order and for Younger Physitians sake especially Learners build all things on a sowr and glutinous Humor abounding 68. We have said the Sign of a Swouning at hand is for the most part 1. a Cardialgie or Tickling in the upper Orifice of the Stomach And what is more apt to stir up each of these Diseases than a sowr Humor Which if it be milder and ascend to the upper Orifice of the Stomach in the form of a Vapor will only tickle and gnaw the said part but if it be too sharp will bite the same and cause a troublesom Pain known by the name of Cardialgie 69. We added 2. that somtimes a Compression and Gaping of the Heart precedes Although the Compression of the Heart is caus'd by a Phlegmatic Humor both plenteous and glutinous and gaping from Flatulent Vapors yet because these Diseases are observd not to urge the Sick so perpetually as to infest them before the Swouning suddenly to follow therfore we must acknowledg
none such is to be expected of perfectly healthy People 20. Therefore the Cause of every Efflux of Blood is any kind of Opening of the Vessels whether it be by too much Distension of the Vessels by plenteous much rarefi'd or retarded Blood or Wind or by the corroding Pain of an Humor stopping either in or out of the Vessels or by an hard and sharp thing wounding or by a blunt thing bruising or if the same happen any other way 21. We intend to speak elswhere of the most Causes and the Cure of Blood Effus'd beside nature out of its Vessels in this Chapter we will prosecute the Essence and Cure of an Inflammation 22. It is requir'd to the Cure of an Inflammation and Aposteme following that 1. The Compression or Obstruction of the Vessels be taken away 2. That the Motion of Blood Stopt and standing still be restor'd 3. That the Blood effus'd out of its Vessels if it can be be removd thence before it turn to Matter 4. That if the Suppuration cannot be removd and so hindred it should be ripend and promoted 5. That the letting out of Matter bred be hastned 6. That the cleansing and consolidation of the Vlcer be most spedily absolv'd 23. I. The Compression of the Vessels by Bonds straitly cast about the parts may be taken away when they are taken away or by an hard Tumor when it is cur'd of which elswhere 24. An Obstruction of the Vessels by Viscous Phlegm or Blood Coagulated in them may be Cur'd by using Medicins that as well internally as externally loosen the Humor peccant and again make it fluid 25. Among Internals Volatil Salts prepar'd of several parts of Living Creatures conduce before all others as having an egregious power of dissolving all things Coagulated and Conglutinated in mans body and of reducing the same to their wonted fluidity and moreover to move sweat which together being mildly promoted that desired and amiable Dissolution of those Gathered together is obtaind much easier sooner and more happily 26. Hence it is that often by one Sweat prepar'd of these mentioned Volatil Salts or such-like given in season a Pleurisy that is an inflammation of the Side has been most happily cur'd without opening a Vein and letting Blood 27. Hence it is that Mixtures prepar'd of such like and us'd by spoonfuls by short intervals in time have cur'd both a Pleurisie and Peripneumonie and Inflammations of other parts soon safely and pleasantly 28. I here set down an example of such a Sudorific Mixture for Younger Physicians sake which â„ž Parsley Hyssop Fennel-water of each â„¥ i. Simple Treacle-water â„¥ ss Sp. of Salt ArmoniacÊ’ ss Laudanum Gr. iv Syr. of white Poppies â„¥ i. M. 29. Instead of Sp. of Salt Armoniac you may add Volatil Salt of Harts-Horn or any other and according to its greater or less Acrimonie add more or less of it to the Mixture which may be taken in a greater or less quantity at every time and the body be kept in a warm place especially in bed to promote the power of the Medicin every way and after that to facilitate a Sweat although there is scarce need to raise a sweat continually seeing it profits not unless in asmuch as the volatil and Salt force of the Medicin pierces easier and sooner to the place affected and Obstructed 30. Crabs Eyes the Jaws of a Pike the Bone of the Heart of an Hart c. may and ought to be referrd to a Volatil Salt seeing they abound with it 31. In this case likewise All fixt Metallic and Mineral Sulphurs conduce wherefore Diaphoretic Antimonie is hither referrd being broucht to some fixtnes although these are here convenient for many causes 32. Nor do the Volatil Salts of Living Creatures alone conduce here but all made of several parts of Scorbutic Plants so calld being sharp emulating their strength such as are the Juices of Hedge-Mustard Scurvie-grass Garden and Water Cresses Dandeleon c. Treacle-Waters c. So that they have power to loosen and dissolv Phlegm Coagulated or Blood Clotterd 33. Among the Externals the compound Oyntment Martiatum and of Marsh-Mallows are convenient c. the Oil of white Lilies Camomile Dill Bay Bricks commonly call'd Philosophers c. which may commodiously be mixt together and be anointed on the external affected part using before or adding often the rectifi'd Spirit of Wine aswel simple as compound and several ways aromatiz'd 34. In this Case also Cataplasms more Dissolving than Mollifying or Ripening may be outwardly apply'd which may Cut and Loosen the Humor Blood or Phlegm Coagulated being prepar'd of the parts of Sharp and Aromatic Plants For example take this following â„ž Onions roasted under the Ashes or in an earthen Vessel and beaten â„¥ ii the Leaves of Hegde-Mustard Chervil Garden-Crâ—sses Elder of each M. ss Meal of Beans Lupins of each â„¥ i. One Swallows Nest Album Grae um â„¥ i. Make it a Decoction in Butter-Milk to the Consistencie of a Cataplasm Apply this Cataplasm meanly warm to the affected part Externally by the help whereof internal Obstructions also may be loosned and Observ as soon as it begins to be dri'd it must be renewd 35. II. Motion is restord to Blood Standing still and stopt in its Vessels for the most part and most happily by Sudorifics sometimes by opening a Vein and Letting Blood 36. By Sudorifics in as much as by their help the Blood becomes not only more fluid and moveable but moreover is mov'd actually being more and more rarefi'd by the Volatil Salt that is in them and again loosens puls asunder and therefore mov's the Blood by degrees more or less clottering only by its stoppage because of it's Acid Spirit 37. Hence it is that the Pulse so continually more Frequent as often together Greater and Stronger is wont to accompany Sweat unless an extreme dejection of Strength concur for then both a Less and more Languishing Pulse is joynd to one more Frequent 38. For when the Volatil Salt of the Sudorifics coms to the right Ventricle of the Heart there the Blood rarefies more and more potently and does not only seek an out-let for it self of its own accord but provokes and forces the Ventricle of the Heart by diâ—ating it more both to a more Frequent and more Valid Contraction of it self and so to the expelling and driving the Blood forward and therefore raises moves and every way puts forward from the Heart the Blood first by degrees deficient in its Motion 39. When that mentioned Power of Sudorifics coms to the place of Obstruction it attempts the Matter obstructing be it what it will and cuts attenuates loosens and makes it fluid whence it is farther driven forward together with it more easily and happily the assault of the Blood coming more potently mov'd and forc'd to it 40. By opening a Vein and letting Blood its Motion is restor'd to the Blood standing still in as much as that which was next is carri'd into the place
44. To which difficulty that I may give satisfaction I Answer 1. that in every Jaundice the Excrements are not equally white and therfore less died with the yellow colour of Choler whence I judg somtimes more somtimes less of Choler is also mixt with the Excrements in the Jaundice by which they are More or less died 45. I Answer 2. that in every Jaundice Choler is not alike evilly affected whence thus far also it may be mixt more or less with the Excrements and die the same 46. I Answer 3. That the Excrements should be rightly died by Choler there is requir'd a previous and sufficient Effervescency of the same with the Juice of the Pancreas because of which its divers parts separate from each other and having a Tincture are joind to the Excrements 47. I Answer 4. If during the Jaundice Choler be more Spiritous and volatil and therfore more fluid and moveable the same may more easily pierce out of the glandulous kernels of the Liver through its smallest Passages to the roots of the Hollow Vein and with the Blood to the Heart chiefly if the Passage of Choler to the Gut being provok'd is more narrowly Contracted or somtimes also Obstructed by the same Choler more spiritous wherfore the assault being made to the Liver Choler may persist in the same its ordinary though great way towards the small Gut being neglected 48. For it may come to pass that if the Passage of Choler to the Gut be not wholly obstructed it may at least be straitned by Phlegm made more viscous chiefly after a grievous Sorrow covering it any way or the same Passage may be irritated to a more strait contraction of it self by Choler made more Spiritous and therfore turgid and effus'd out of its Bag because of which a free passage to the Gut is deni'd it and therefore almost all of it is carriâ—d upward to the Liver through the Passage of the Liver anon being carri'd with the Blood to the right Ventricle of the Heart may be effervescent less then usual with the Descending and Lymphatic Blood and therfore may be more confus'd then mixt with the whole mass of Blood anon every where departing from the Blood may infect all the Parts with its colour and render them less apt for a natural nourishment wherfore either a Pining or Dropsie may by degrees succede the Jaundice unless it be soon cur'd 49. And although I do not think that an Obstruction of the Passage of Choler is necessarily requir'd to breed the Jaundice yet do I not see why it may not somtimes occasion the Jaundice whilst it is its cause by stopping Choler in its natural efflux into the small Gut because Choler staying there may be alterd and if it be lawful to say so may grow spiritous both with a greater access of the Animal Spirit and farther exaltation and attenuation of the parts constituting it 50. This even thence seems to be evident because that an exceding Anxiety is wont to be felt by many in that right hypochondre before they have the Jaundice where the insertion of the Passage of Choler into the small Gut is observd to be somtimes a grievous Sorrow or the abuse of Phlegmatic Food preceeding 51. By Sorrow All the Humors are wont to become glutinous and viscous especially in the small Gut and indeed because of the Juice of the Pancreas thereby made more tart 52. But whence-soever Phlegm becoms glutious and viscous the same is apt to cover and obstruct the Orifice of the Passage of Choler into the small Gut and so hinder the descent and out-let of Choler wherefore a Narrowness will be stirrd up there by Choler putting forth its force against the noted Phlegm and producing Wind out of it whilst the remainder acting upon it self is attenuated becoms Spiritous and at length stirs up the Jaundice 53. From what I have already mentiond methinks I have found and describ'd no improbable manner and account of the breeding of the Jaundice without a necessary Obstruction of the Passage of Choler into the Gut to wit the encreas d Thinness and Spiritousness and therefore unaptness of Choler to be rightly and enough effervescent which I have therfore noted in Choler because it is observd then not so much to be mixt as confus'd with the Blood 54. Let us further see whether the usual and forenoted Symptoms of the Jaundice may be deduc'd from its fore-assign'd Cause lastly whether its noted Cure agree with the same 55. The Cause of a compressive Pain of the Heart is the same which I said in Sect. 52. was the cause of Anxieties raisd about the lower region of the Ventricle in the small Gut Glutinous Phlegm being there gatherd and in part rarefi'd into Wind stretching open vexing and pressing the Containing Parts 56. The Gripings in the right Hypochondre are to be ascrib'd to an Acid Humor of the Pancreas less broken and so more pure by Choler meeting it less and putting forth its harm more potently and pricking and griping the Sensible Parts 57. The Excrements are less died then is wont both by Choler more sparingly approaching it and by the same less effervescent and therfore carrying less of its dying parts to colour them 58. The Sick have less motion to Stool by reason of the same Cause and Choler less sharp 59. The Vrine is obscurely Red by reason of plenteous and deeply colourd Choler mixt with it 60. A different Yellow Colour arises in all but chiefly the most tender part of the Skin such as is that of the Face Neck Hands yea in the whole Flesh from the same Choler less effervescent also in the Heart by reason of its encreasd Spiritousness and more intire Union of its parts therfore less mixing it self with the Blood and rather only confus'd with it and therfore adhering every-where to the noted Parts while it flows through with it and colouring them with its Yellow colour somtimes more pale somtimes more obscure and somtimes inclining to greenness 61. When the Jaundice declines an Itching is felt in the Superficies of the Body by reason of an effervescency every-where raisd again and somwhat sharp vapors thence breaking forth and mildly gnawing the sensible Parts For it cannot be but that a more potent Effervescency then was before of Choler every-where at its meeting with the Juice of the Pancreas and Lympha yea with the Blood it self more sowr then is wont which I remember I have observd in the dissection of one dead of the Jaundice should be stird up after that it is corrected by the use of convenient Medicins not only that which is in its Bag in which much of it is Gatherd but also in the Universal mass of Blood with which it is consus'd as also with all the containing and solid Parts to which it adheres by which therefore Vapors somwhat sharp may be raisd which being carri'd to the sensible Parts and especially the Skin do there cause an Itching 62. What is
against me will be laid to sleep those Men that may hap to read it will assent to its Truth But as for the Four Champions I say no more than this I shall let their Names die with themselves Two of them are gone already the third I hear is often buried in Ale at a place called The Hole in the Wall and the Fourth hath asked me pardon before Company confessing that he was set on by the Brotherhood of the Confederacy Nor was this All but the Design was followed up and down by slandering that I used dangerous Medicins in regard I had in that Book magnifiâ—d the good Effects of Remedies Chymically prepared and their safety if well made and their force above all other in Curation of the most pertinacious deplorable Diseases of which I have lived to see the World for the most part so abundantly convinced that the more ingenious sort of Mankind have concluded that he who is not well-skill'd in the use of those Remedies is not worth the name of a Physician Insomuch that the wiser Sort of the Opposite Party when some years ago they saw the great Men of the Kingdom disposed and had set their hands to an Instrument for erecting a new Society of Physicians upon the Chymical account they judged it their only Plea to be made use of to divert that hopeful and most necessary Intent to alledge in defence of their Diana that Themselves were Chymists and used Chymical Remedies as much as others arguing thence that it was needless to set up any other Society beside their own Whereupon we may take notice that being then in a fright their allegation implies they were glad to confess the usefulness of that Way which their Predecessors were wont in the time of my Youth when I first came to Practice exceedingly to decry and noted with a black Coal all those that used such Medicins not sparing even the Learned and most Meritorious Men of the Faculty such as Sir Theodore de Mayerne who was Martyr'd once before for a Quack by the Colledge of Paris and here also in England I have known some would then allow him no better a Title to whom I may add that most worthy Man old Doctor Rugeley and might name divers of like worth who did no other than what Greg. Horstius Sennertus Riverius and all Men truly Learned and Wise have done and do that is join the Chymick and Galenick Matter of Medicin both together in their Practice as they see occasion require But as for the Doctrine of Galen and his Way of enquiring into the Vertues of Plants and Animals merely by ponderation and preponderation of First and Second Qualities 't is vain in comparison of the more excellent way which is the examining of their Natures by the Principles and Operations of the Chymists in which number though I be the least of a thousand yet I have a purpose to publish some Essays of my own to discover what may be done by more able Men towards an advancement of Knowledg in the Powers of Plants in the forementiond way for though I have as I said been vilely calumniated yet I think no Man hath at all times made more constant use of Animals and Vegetables in his Practice than I have done as my Bills at the Apothecaries will shew Some years ago there was a more ready Opportunity to scandalise me when my Matter of Medicine being prepared in my own House was kept private to my self and so my Adversaries might maliciously say of it what they would Therefore as soon as I found the Company of Apothecaries had erected a Laboratory at their Hall for supply of their Shops with Medicins of all sorts of the Chymical Preparation so that a Man might be sure upon the Publick Stock and Credit of the Company to be served with them faithfully prepared my Heart rose with pleasure to congratulate them in an Undertaking so necessary for the Kingdom it being the Main Matter wherein their Trade was deficient because what Chymick Medicins were used before to make up the Physicians Prescript were for the most part bought of private Operators of whom we could have no Considence for due Preparation in comparison of what in reason we ought now to have seeing the Security is grounded upon the Reputation of a Worthy Company of this Honourable City who cannot well be supposed to prevaricate for Profit seeing what is done this way is by Common Consent which being well managed will conduce much more to Profit Reputation and Interest to each particular Man in his Shop through the satisfaction which will arise to every Patient by the benefit which is like to answer the expectation of each Family from those Medicins rightly prepared And so from the time that I observed this being to form divers Treatises for Publick View I have cased my self of the Toil I had taken upon me and wholly referred Patients with Bills to receive Medicins dispensed by the Apothecaries Hands And if I have any thing of worth that is my own Peculiar or that I have learnt by rolling about to observe all sorts of Practitioners I freely contribute it in the open way of Practice daily to stop the mouths of lazy proud and malicious Men the greatest part of which are in plain Terms ignorant even of Literature or but Smatterers in it though stiff Pretenders till they hap to be sifted by a compleat Man of Letters So farewel Octob. 13. 1674. Marchamont Nedham An Index of the Chapters Comprehending all the Diseases of this Book Chap. 1. OF Thirst deprav'd Page 3 Chap. 2. Of Hunger deprav'd Page 7 Chap. 3. Of Loathing Victuals Page 19 Chap. 4. Of the taking in of Food hindred Page 22 Chap. 5. Of swallowing Food hindred Page 24 Chap. 6. Of the Retention of Food in the Stomach hindred Page 25 Chap. 7. Of the Fermentation of Food in the Ventricle hindred Page 28 Chap. 8. Of the Expulsion of Food to the Guts deprav'd Page 40 Chap. 9. Of Loathing Belching and Vomiting Page 44 Chap. 10. Of the Separation of Chyle from the Excrements deprav'd Page 50 Chap. 11. Of the Vitious Effervescency of Choler and the Juice of the Pancreas together with Phlegm continually raisd in the small Gut Page 58 Chap. 12. Of the Propulsion and Expulsion through the Guts of what is containd in them deprav'd and in particular of a Costiv Body Page 65 Chap. 13. Of a Loosness Page 67 Chap. 14. Of various Pains of the Guts Page 78 Chap. 15. Of the Vomiting of what is containd in the Guts and namely of the Disease Cholera and Ileos Page 93 Chap. 16. Of the Straining Chyle through the fleshy Crust of the Guts deprav'd Page 105 Chap. 17. Of the Motion of Chyle through the Lacteal or Milkie Veins deprav'd and the Dropsie Ascites oft following it Page 106 Chap. 18. Of the Sanguification of Chyle in the right Ventricle of the Heart deprav'd Page 110 Chap. 19. Of the Continual and Vital