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A73382 The portraiture of the image of God in man In his three estates, of creation. Restauration. Glorification. Digested into two parts. The first containing, the image of God both in the body and soule of man, and immortality of both: with a description of the severall members of the body, and the two principall faculties of the soule, the understanding and the will; in which consisteth his knowledge, and liberty of his will. The second containing, the passions of man in the concupiscible and irascible part of the soule: his dominion ouer the creatures; also a description of his active and contemplative life; with his conjunct or married estate. Whereunto is annexed an explication of sundry naturall and morall observations for the clearing of divers Scriptures. All set downe by way of collation, and cleared by sundry distinctions, both out of the schoolemen, and moderne writers. The third edition, corrected and enlarged. By I. Weemse, of Lathocker in Scotland, preacher of Christs Gospel. Weemes, John, 1579?-1636. 1636 (1636) STC 25217.5; ESTC S123320 207,578 312

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Tongue God will not have a heart and a heart in a man Psal 12. so hee will not have a Tongue and a Tongue in him Pro. 8.13 that is a double Tongue Before the fall A collation betwixt the innocent and old Adam the Tongue of man was like the pen of a swift writer Psal 45.1 and uttered those things which his heart indited but since the fall it is a world of iniquity and defileth the whole bodie and setteth on fire the course of nature and is set on fire of hell Iam. 3.6 now it is an unruly evill and filled with deadly poyson Iam. 3.8 Coll. 2 Before the fall he spake but with one Tongue but since the fall he is bilinguis hee speakes with a double tongue Prov. 8.13 and sometimes trilinguis Eccles 33. Lingua tertia commovit multos a third tongue hath troubled many The Chalde paraphrase calleth a backbiter a man with a three fold Tongue or a Tongue which hath three stings The Iewes give an example of it in Doeg who killed three at once with his evill report Saul to whom hee made the evill report the Priests of whom he made the evill report and Himselfe who made the evill report The Heathen in the dedication of the severall parts of mans body gave the eares to Minerva the tongue to Mercurie the armes to Neptune and the eye to Cupid c. Of the Womans Dugges God hath placed the Womans Dugge in her brest Duplex est causa physica moralis and not in her belly as in beasts and that for two causes the first is a Physicall cause the second is a Morall cause The Physicall cause God hath placed them so neere the liver that the milke might be the better concocted and the more wholsome for the child The Morall cause that the woman might impart her affection and love more to her child by giving it sucke with her Dugge which is so neere the heart The giving of Sucke was one of the greatest bonds of obligation of old betwixt the mother and the children when they intreated any thing of their children they would say By these Dugges which gave thee sucke I request thee doe this Virgil. Of the Hand By the Hand we promise and threaten it is the right hand of fellowship Gal. 2.9 We reckon by it Wisedome commeth with length of dayes upon her right hand Prov. 3.16 The ancients reckoned upon their left hand untill they came to an hundred yeeres and then they began to reckon upon their right hand So the meaning of Salomon is that wisedome should make them to live a long age even to a hundred yeeres As wee reckon with the hand so wee worship with the hand Iob protests that hee blessed not his hand when hee saw the new Moone Iob 31.27 The Idolaters they used to kisse their Idols Ose 13.2 But because they could not reach to the Moone to kisse her they kissed their hand in homage before the Moone and Iob purged himselfe of this kinde of Idolatry And the speciall providence of God is to bee marked in the hand of man that hee hath made him to take his meate with his hand and hath not left him to gather his meate with his lipps as the beasts doe for if man did so his lippes should become so thick that he should not speake distinctly wee see by experience that those who have thicke lippes speake not distinctly Of the internall members of Mans Bodie Of the Heart All the passions are seated in the heart we see in Feare such as are transported therewith call backe the blood to the heart as to the place where feare exerciseth her tyrannie therewith to defend themselves and therefore it is that those creatures that have the greatest and largest hearts are most fearefull because the heat is more largely dispersed within their Heart and consequently they are lesse able to resist the assaults of feare Object But it might seeme that our anger is seated in the Gall love in the Liver and melancholy in the Splene and so the rest therefore the affections have not their seat in the Heart Answ These foure humors seated in the Gall Liver and Splene are not the seate of the passions but they are the occasion whereby the passions are stirred up as the abundance of blood in the Liver stirreth up the passion of our love which is seated in the heart The heart is the first mover of all the actions of man for as the first mover carryeth all the spheres of the Heaven with it so doth the heart of man carry all the members of the body with it In naturall generation the heart is first framed and in spirituall regeneration it is first reformed The heart liveth first and dyeth last So in the spirituall life the life of Grace begins in the heart first and is last left there hence it is that Michael the Archangell and the Devill Iud. 9. strove no faster about the body of Moses than they doe about the heart of man therefore the Lord saith Sonne give me thy heart Prov. 23. The Iewes compared the heart of Man for the excellency of it to three things First to the holiest of all where the Lord gave his answers So the Lord gives his answers First out of the heart Secondly they compare it to Salomons throne as the stateliest place where the King sits So the Lord dwels in the heart of man as in the throne Thirdly to Moses Tables in which he wrote his Law Prov. 3.3 Write Wisedome upon the Tables of the heart God dwelt in the heart of Man before the fall A collation betwixt the innocent and old Adam but since the fall there is a great change in the heart for out of the heart proceed Murther Adultery evill speakings and such Math. 15. It was a great curse which the Prophet denounced against the house of Ahab 2. King 10.27 That it should bee turned into a Iakes but a farre greater change now unto the heart of a man being now a receptacle of all uncleannesse The heart of man before the fall was a wise heart Coll. 2 and placed in his right side Eccles 10.2 But the heart of a foole is now in the left side Eccles 10.2 The Anatomists marke when the heart inclineth more to the right side the spirits of these men are more lively and are more apt for contemplation the right hand is the stronger hand because more heate proceeds from the heart to the right hand then to the left But when the heate equally disperseth it selfe to both the hands then a man is Ambidexter hee hath the use of both the hands equally alike By the right hand wee doe things more easily because motion proceeds first from the heart to it The meaning then of Salomon is that the heart of the wise man is a strong heart a couragious heart apt to doe good and a most honorable part wherein the Lord hath set his residence but the heart
grace once received cannot be lost 135. H. Hand 20. the properties thereof ibid. Hatred what it is 183. God cannot be the object of hatred ibid. love and hatred are opposite 185. twofold hatred 186. 187. how far the regenerate hate sinne ibid. hatred anger envy differ 188. remedies to cure hatred 189. hatred and presumption differ 215. Head 14. the excellency thereof 15. Heart the first mover 21. the excellency thereof ibid. wherefore placed in the left side 22. the fat of the heart 25. Hope what it is 211. how it differeth from desire ibid. hope considered as a naturall or theologicall vertue 212. I. Iesuites plead for nature 127. they make a threefold knowledge in God 120. they establish a threefold grace 127. our dissent frō them in mans conversion 130 131 132. Ignorance diversly distinguished 82. 102. 110. 185. Injurie hath three things following it 227 Image of God wherein it consists 65. a twofold image of God 60. wherein man beares the image of God 64 man having Gods image all creatures are subject to him 234. a two fold condition of Gods image 247. it is taken up foure waies 63 Immortality how a thing is said to be immortall 30. how Adams body was immortall before the fall 31 reasons to prove the immortality of Adams body naturally 33 34 35 36. reasons to prove the immortality of the soule 44. 45. the heathen knew of the soules immortality 49. Infinite thing how apprehended 90. a thing is infinite two waies ibid. 195. Iustice the most excellent vertue 1. Iustification twofold 137. God doth three things in our justification 117. K Kidneyes are in a secret place 25. Knowledge of the creatures shall evanish in the life to come 78. 79 fulnesse of knowledge twofold 80. 81 divers distinctions of knowledge ibid. 82. 85. 86. 87. a twofold act of knowledge 84. how knowledge is in the Angels and mans mind 85. a threefold knowledge in Angels ib. a difference betwixt our knowledge and the Angels 91. L Libertie twofold 108. Impediments hindering the wills liberty 115 Light the greater it bee obscures the lesser 71. Love what it is 161. sundry distinctions of love 162 163 164 165 166. things are loved two waies 164. 169. degrees of love 166. the perpetuitie of love 166 love is an affection or deed 175. a twofold cause of love ibid. How wee are to love our parents 176. 177. love descends 178. how farre an unregenerate mans love extends 181. wee should love our enemies ib. true love is one 182. remedies to cure sinfull love ibid. Life contemplative preferred to the active 278. Man hath a threefold life 222. 260. the Active in some case is preferred 257. Mans life considered two waies ibid. whereto these two lives are compared 259. Mans life resembled to sixe things 260. 263. Liver inclosed in a net 23. Lungs seated next the heart ibid. M Magistrates authority consists in foure things 172. Man a little world 41. hee is considered 3. waies 136. the first part of mans superioritie over his children 237. man diversly considered 150. he hath a passive power to grace 116. man and wife one 268 Matrimony hath two parts in it 269. Members of the body placed wisely by God 13. the difference of the members 14. Middles are often chosen as evill 114. all things are joyned by middles 39. things are joyned two waies 113. wee see a thing by two middles 79. there is a twofold middle 152. 154. no middle betwixt vertue and vice 153 Miracle creation is not a miracle 9. when a worke is a miracle ibid. the resurrection is a miracle ibid. two conditions required in a miracle 118. mans conversion is not a miracle 119. N Nature taken five waies 250 Necessity diversly distinguished 36. 109. 178. Neighbour how to be loved 173. in what cases hee is to bee preferred before our selves 380. wee are not to love all our neighbours alike 175. In what cases wee are to preferre our selves to our neighbours 174. 175 Nothing taken divers waies 4. made of nothing 6. O Oppositiō twofold 185. 214. Order twofold in discipline 71. Originall righteousnesse was not supernatural to Adam 249. but naturall 250. reasons to prove that it was naturall 251. to make it supernaturall draweth many errours with it 253. P Passion what it is 139. 140 what seate they have in the soule ibid. they are moved by the understanding ibid onely reason subdues the passions 141. they have a threefold motion ibid. they are only in the concupiscible irascible faculties 142. their number is in the divers respects of good and evill ibid. the divisions of the passions 143 where the passions are united 144. Christ tooke our passiōs 145. what passions hee tooke ibid. how they were ruled in Christ 146. no contrarietie amongst his passions 148. what contradiction ariseth in our passions ibid. it is a fearefull thing to be given over to them 149. how the Moralists cure the passions 151. the Stoickes roote out all passions 158. foure waies Christ cureth the passions 159. 160. 161 how farre the godly are renewed in their passions 148. Perfection diversly distinguished 66. 186. Philosophie twofold 95 Poligamie is unlawful 310. Power diversly distinguished 116. 240. 241. Poverty twofold 243. Proposition hypotheticke when true 121. R Recompence fourefold 226 Reasō hath a twofold act 84 Resistance diversly distinguished 133. 134. Renouncing of things twofold 243 Resurrection a miracle 10. Rib what is meant by the fift rib 24. the rib taken out of Adams side no superfluous thing 266 it was one of his ordinary ribs ib. how this rib became a woman 267. what matter was added to it ibid. Right to a thing diversly distinguished 241. 242. 244. what right Christ had to the creatures 241. 242. S Sadnesse hath many branches 144. Sciences how found out 71. the first principles of sciences are not inbred 68. Seeing three things required for it 79. we see three waies 75. Senses the common sense differeth from the particular senses 27. wherin the five senses agree 28 wherein they differ ibid. which is the most excellent sense 29. 30. whereunto they are compared ib. Similitude twofold 61. one thing hath a similitude to another two waies ibid. it differeth from an image 63. fim litude a great cause of love 245. Servile subjection 236. five sorts of servants ibid. it is contrary to the first estate 237. Sinne in a countrey fourefold 274 God doth threethings to sinners 276. Sin three things follow sinne 35. how it is in the understanding 101. a man sinnes two waies 102. how the workes of the Gentiles are sinne 157 Soule hath three faculties 34. how they differ 52. the rising of the body doth perfect the glory of the soule 35. how the soule of man differeth from the life of beasts 42. and frō al other things 43. the soule hath a twofold life 50. how the soule is in the body 53. the soule cannot animate two bodies 54. what middle the soule keepeth 57. our soules
the first cause to eternitie and to the last cause in eternity which are the onely comfortable meditations CHAP. III. Of Mans Body THe body of man was created of the earth The Philosophers say Prop. in respect of the substance of the bodie it consists most of earth and water Illust 1 but in respect of vertue and efficacie it consists more of moyst and heate than of cold and dry that is it consists more of fire and ayre than of earth and water and so the body is kept in equall temperature in the operation of the elementarie qualities God made all things in weight number Illust 2 and measure Wis 11.17 In weight that the earth and water should bee heaviest in substance Omnia operatus est Dominus in pondere numer●● et mensura and that the ayre and fire should be lightest In number that a little fire should have a great efficacie and power as a great quantitie of earth In measure that they might keepe a proportion amongst themselves if this harmonie bee broken it bringeth destruction of the body as if the heat prevaile then it bringeth fevers if the cold prevaile then it bringeth lethargies if the moyst prevaile then it bringeth Hydropsies so that the extreame qualities according to the situation of the Elements heat and cold must bee temperate by the middle qualities of the middle Elements moyst and dry It is to bee marked how God hath showen his wisedome in creation First in placing man here below upon earth who had an earthly body Secondly his power when he shall place the same body when it shall bee made a spirituall Body 1. Cor. 14. in the heavens to dwell there Thirdly his justice in thrusting the bad angels who are spirits downe to the lower hells who were created to enjoy the Heavens if they had stood in innocencie God created the Body of man of the dust of the earth that it might be matter to humble him Prop. When Herod gave not glory to God Illust Act. 12.23 The Text saith that he was eaten with vermine in the Syriack it is He was made a stable for wormes Since the fall the body is nothing but a stable for wormes and food for them Abenezra R. Salomon and the Hebrewes marke that the flesh of man is called Lecham Bread Ioh. 20.23 Because now it is indeed bread and food for the wormes Out of a base matter God made an excellent shape of man Prop. Illust 1 Psal Rukkamte metaphera ab acupictoribus 139.15 How wonderfully hast thou made me below in my mothers womb a speech borrowed from those who worke Opus Phrygionicum Phrygian or Arras work The body of man is a peece of curious Tapestry or Arras worke consisting of skin bones muscles and sinewes The excellency of the body of man when he was first created may bee shewen by the excellent gifts which have been found in the bodies of men since the fal as one finding the length of Hercules foote gathered by it the proportion of his whole body So may wee by the reliques found in sinfull man gather what a goodly thing the body of man had beene before the fall As the complexion of David 1. Sam. 16.12 The swiftnesse of Hazael who was swift as a roe 2. Sam. 2. The beauty of Absalon in whom there was not a blemish from top to toe 2. Sam. 14. All which being joyned together would make a most rare man and if the miraculous wine changed by Christ Ioh. 2. at the marriage in Cana of Galile exceeded farre the naturall Wine how much more did the body of man in the first creation exceede our bodies now The members of the body of man are applyed to other creatures as the Head of spices Can. 4. Renes tritici the Kidneys of the wheate Devt 32. the Heart of the earth Matth. 12.40 the Lippe of the sea Heb. 11.12 the mouth of the sword 11.34 and such like all which shew the excellencie of mans body The measures of every thing are taken from the body of man as the Inch the Foot the Palme and the Cubit There are sundry members in the body of man which God ascribes to himselfe as the Head the Heart the Eares the Feete to expresse his attributes to us God hath made the body of man a Temple for himselfe to dwell in and the Sonne of God hath assumed the body of man in one person to his God-head a dignitie which the Angels are not called unto and after the making of man he left nothing but to make himselfe man Prop. God hath placed wisely the members in the body Illust 1 There are some members that are called Radicall members as the liver the heart and the braine in these Membra radicalia the Lord hath placed the Naturall vitall and animall spirits these spirits are carried by the Veines Arteries Nerves the Veines carry the vitall spirits from the Liver the Arteries carry the naturall spirits from the Heart Officialia and the Nerves carry the animall spirits from the Braine There are other members which are serving members as the hands feete and such The members of the body helpe one another the superiour rule the inferiour as the eyes the whole body againe the inferiour support and uphold the superiour as the feete the legges and thighes support the whole body The middle members of the body defend the body and provide things necessary for it as wee see in the hands and armes The Sympathie amongst the members if one bee in paine the whole are grieved againe when one member is deficient another supplyeth the defect of it as when a man wants feete hee walkes upon his hands so when the head is in danger the hand casts it selfe up to save it Lastly great griefe in one member makes the paine of the other member seeme the lesse which all shew the sympathy amongst the members The variety of the members of the body sheweth also this wisedome of God If all were an eye where were the seeing 1 Cor. 12.15 Of the severall outward members of the Body Of the Head THe Head is the most excellent part of the body First we uncover the Head when we doe homage to a man to signifie that our most excellent part wherein our reason and understanding dwells reverenceth and acknowledgeth him Secondly because the Head is the most excellent thing therefore the chiefest part of any thing is called the head Deut. 28.24 Thou shalt be the head and not the tayle So Christ is called the Head of the Church Ephes 5.23 and the husband is called the head of the wife 1 Cor. 11.23 So the excellentest spices are called the head of spices Exod. 30.25 All the senses are placed in the Head except the touch which is spread thorow the whole body Secondly the Head is supereminent above the rest of the body Thirdly the Head giveth influence to the rest of body Fourthly there is a conformitie betwixt the
of man since the fall is a weake heart a faint heart slow to doe any good as a base and ignorant heart Of the Liver The Liver in inclosed by a net called Reticulum the seventy translate it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as yee would say an huske for even as the huske incloseth the Corne so doth this net compasse the Liver and it is to be marked that God hath fenced his noblest parts as the braine with Piamater and Duramater the Heart with Pericardia and the Liver with Reticulum Of the Lungs The Lungs the bellowes of the voyce Veritas est in re ut in causa in enunciations ut symbolo in mente ut in subiecto haec dicitur complexa veritat are seated so neere the heart to teach us that speech is but the interpreter of the heart against those who thinke one thing and speake another To make a man speake truth three things are necessary first there must bee veritie in the matter secondly in the conception of him who speaketh thirdly in his speech The first must be in signato the second in conceptu the third in signo If the matter be not true then the conception is false if the conception bee false then the speech is false If a man should set the kings armes aright first there must bee such a thing as a Lyon secondly the Lyon must bee set right upon the seale thirdly the seale must be set right in the waxe if any of these three be wanting the Kings armes are not rightly set So the matter which we speake of Veritas theologica logica must first be true in it selfe secondly we must conceive it rightly thirdly we must utter it rightly But in Logicall verity it is otherwaies for if there be an agreement betwixt the matter onely and the Tongue it sufficeth although it bee not rightly taken up by the minde As when I say there are Antipodes whether I beleeve this to bee true or not it makes not much it is a Logicall truth because there is an agreement betwixt the matter it selfe and the Tongue But a theologicall truth will have an agreement in all the three Augustines notation then of a lie is not persit Consequence mentiri est contra mentem ire to lie is to speake contrary to the minde for it expresseth not fully the nature of a lye for a man may lye speaking an untruth taking it to bee truth therefore Iohn maketh an untruth a lye 1 Iohn 2.4 He that saith I know him and keepeth not his Commandements is a lyer and the truth is not in him For if the matter be not true in it selfe although hee take it to bee truth and do utter it yet it is a lye it is a materiall lie and an untruth Mendacium materiale formale although it be not a formall lie So Heretickes broaching their errors which they take to bee truth teach lyes Before the fall A collation betwixt the Innocent old Adam man spake as he thought but since the fall he hath found out equivocations and mentall reservations and speaketh oftentimes contrary to that which he meanes Of the Ribbes There are two sorts of Ribbes in the body of man the first called by the Anatomists Costae legitimae whereof there are seven these defend the vitall parts the second Costae spuriae whereof there are five lying to the belly Quest When Abner stroke Hazael at the fift Ribbe and Ioab Amaza which of the Ribbes is it meant of here Answ It is meant of the inferiour Ribbes which wee call the short Ribbes and any of these five Ribbes is called the fift Ribbe When Abner strucke Hazael at the fift Rib he strucke him on the right side because he was behinde him but when Ioab strucke Amaza hee strucke him on the left side because hee was embracing him The stroke of Abner was deadly because he strucke him through the liver and the stroke of Ioab was deadly because he strucke him in at the Pericardia that compasseth the heart round with water to refrigerate it for the nether part of the heart reacheth down to the fift Ribbe When the Souldier pierced Christs side Iohn 19.34 it is said Hee pierced his side and there came forth water and blood the Syriacke Paraphrast saith Hee pierced his Ribbe that is the fift Ribbe where the Pericardia lay Of the Intrailes The Intrailes are called by the Hebrewes Rechamim and by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the bowels of compassion Luke 1.78 When a woman seeth her child in any danger her bowels earne within her which is attributed to Christ himselfe when he saw the people scattered in the Wildernesse Marke 6.34 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 He had compassion upon them in the Greeke it is His bowels did earne within him he is a pitifull high Priest who is touched with our infirmities Heb. 4.15 Of the Intrailes called Iejunum intestinum When the meate is out of the stomacke and the Hungry gut called Iejunum intestinum emprie then man begins to be hungry this gut by the Greekes is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and from it comes the Greeke word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to fast Of the Kidneyes The Kidneyes lie in a hid and secret part of the body therefore David when hee would declare how God knoweth hid and secret things he saith Thou triest my Reynes Psal 139. that is my secretest cogitations for although the affections be seated in the heart as the cause yet they are ascribed to the Reines as the occasion the cause of sinne is in the heart the occasion in the Eye Ier. 12.2 Thou art neere in their mouth and farre from their Reines Before the fall A collation betwixt the innocent and old Adam all the members of mans body were the weapons of righteousnesse but since the fall they are the weapons of sinne Rom. 6.13 His throat is an open sepulchre Psal 5.9 His feete swift to shed blood Esay 59.7 His right hand a hand of falsehood Psal 26.10 In a Sheepe every thing is good his wooll and his skinne to cloath us his flesh to feede us his dung to dung the land his small guts to be Lute strings but in a man since the fall every member is hurtfull In the sacrifices under the Law the caule and the fat about it was commanded to bee taken from the heart the liver and the kidneyes Exod. 29.13 Levit. 3.3 4. Esay 6.10 It was to be taken from the heart to signifie that the seate of our understanding which is the heart is corrupted from the Liver to signifie that our anger is corrupted from the Kidneyes to signifie that the seate of our concupiscence is corrupted Man before the fall had a beautifull body answerable to the holinesse of his soule Coll. 2 but since the fall Beauty in a woman without grace is like a ring in a swines snowt Prov. 11.22 The Philosopher gave this counsell to his schollers every morning to