Median shall rather be vsed than the Liuer veine likewise if the Liuer veine be not seene open rather the Median than the head veine As for example this veine is conueniently opened in swolne eyes bleeding at the nose outragious melancholy hot rheumes panting of the hart ruptures to procure children in women of hote complexions bléeding of the hemorrhoides or piles and to procure the flowers in women c. by which euery skilfull man may guide himselfe Of the armepit veine Axillaris §. 10. THe fourth veine is called as is aforesaid Axillaris it is a branch of the great liuer veine called Vena caua the hollow veine which commeth from thence into the armes and sheweth it selfe in the bending of the arme It hath great correspondence with the head veine as is already sufficiently shewed After the same sort it is with the fift which is on the end of the arme so that all that hath bin said before and which shall be said hereafter of the Spleene veine the very same may be said of these two Of the Spleene veine or Saluatella §. 11. THe sixt principall veine lieth betwéene the little and fourth fingers on the outside of both hands It is oftentimes opened because it cleanseth the spleene liuer and brest cléereth the voice preserueth the internall parts but especially the stomacke and mouth from all accidents whatsoeuer easeth the paine of the heart and taketh away all the superfluous bloud of the before named inward parts The later Phisitions make this distinction they call this veine on the left hand Splenetica the spléene veine and on the right hand Saluatella for this cause haue diuers opened that on the left side letting it bléede till of it selfe it stanched supposing thereby to heale all infirmities of the spleene It is also opened in blood spittings in obstructions of the spleene and in the French pox That on the right hand in infirmities of the liuer in shaking palsies in contractures of the mouth in all maner of stitches in the gout in the pockes and in fine almost in all other diseases Of the hip veine §. 12. AFter the description of the veines that are in the armes and hands it followeth now to treate of the three principall veines apparent in the legs and feet The first and vppermost of them is called in Gréeke Ischiadica and in English the hip veine It is commonly opened vpon the left foote thereby to draw the blood downewards and to ease all the maladies of the same side of the kidneyes of the wombe and such like also to make the piles bléed to helpe the paine of the hip to cease the raging of the gout if it be opened hard by the little toe although it specially appeere vpon the ankle on the outside of the leg Of the wombe veine or Saphena §. 13. THis commeth from the great liuer or hollow veine and descendeth from the foreside of the legge downe to the inward ankle where it very manifestly appeareth for the which cause it is also called Manifesta the apparent or manifest veine otherwise Saphea and not Saphena This is especially opened to draw the bloud downewards from the priuie parts of man from the wombe in women in sore eyes in madnesse in the palsie in the night mare falling euill blood spittings womens flowers and barrennesse of them in the suffocation of the matrix or the rising vp of the wombe or mother in the gout and in the plague Of the hamme or knee veine §. 14. THis also is a median or middle veine which descendeth downewards through the calfe of the leg into the foote as the median of the arme doth into the hand and it is more méet to be opened to the aforesaid infirmities than either the hip or wombe veine because it is néerer adiacent to the womb with her annexed parts than either of them and therefore draweth with more force Of the veine in the forehead §. 15. IN the middest of the forehead is also a very apparent veine which vsually was opened in all paines of the hinder part of the head and necke although it haue continued very long also in all paines of the eyes but first of all ought the head veine to be opened It is also vsed in the frensie night mare and palsie Of the veines of the eyes §. 16. THese litle veines appéere in the corners of the eyes hard by the nose vpwards toward the forehead They are commonly opened in inflammations of the eyes but first of all open the veine of the head Of the veine in the temples of the head §. 17. IN the temples of the head are veines which some men do counsell to be opened in the paine of the eyes if the same procéed of hot humors or windinesse as is before said But it is not without great daunger because there is an artery hard by it which easily may be felt The same may be said of the veines behind the eares which also are very commodiously opened in great paines of the head as Hemicrania in a continuall paine and swimming in the head But Auicenna supposeth that such as vse it thereby are made barren or vnfruitfull Of the veine vpon the nose §. 18. IN like manner also is there a veine vpon the nose close by the forehead which may be opened but first must a towell or napkin be tied hard about the necke and throte that the veine may swell or puffe vp and be the better séene Of the veines in the lippes §. 19. THese are opened in all putrifactions and rottings of the gums and many other infections of the mouth but not before the head veine Of the veines of the almonds or kernels in the throate §. 20. THere be foure of these veines apparent the which being opened helpe very greatly in all rheumes and defluxions as also in the tooth-ach but it is not good to open them but when the rheume beginneth to fall Of the veines vnder the tongue §. 21. VNder the tongue are also some veines which in dangerous diseases may well be opened and especially in the squinancy and in all other flegmaticall tumors of the throte in the night mare and all maladies of the tongue Of the veines of the necke §. 22. TO conclude there be certaine veines in the necke called of the Arabians Guingedes which vsually were opened in the beginning of the leprie in the paine of the throate called Angina in shortnes and oppression of the breath impostumes of the lungs in affections of the spléene and sides Thus ending this Chapter of the opening of all kind of veines we wil treate of boxing or cupping which also is greatly commended in Phisicke The ninth Chapter Of Cupping THis is the second meanes whereby the abundance of blood in mans body is diminished Galen did so highly estéeme of it that he termeth it a precious helpe and commendeth it in many diseases but especially where flegme and windinesse doth excéed He ascribeth vnto it the attraction of humors
in Sommer also increaseth choler which procéedeth from the liuer and gall that both lie on the right side In haruest groweth melancholy blood and then must the veine of the spléene be opened on the left side and in winter also In like sort it is ordained to be let blood for diseases of the heart in the spring of the liuer in sommer of the féete in haruest and of the head in winter And to the end it might more cléerely appeare at what speciall times phlebotomie may be vsed it shall now be shewed from moneth to moneth which times are most conuenient and which are not In Ianuary shalt thou by no meanes be let blood except necessitie constraine thée Ianuarie and that in diseases of the head In February if necessitie require mayest thou vse it Februarie In March it is altogether forbidden March In Aprill it is alwayes conuenient to open a veine but not the median Aprill In May it is very good and conuenient but not in legs nor féete May. In Iune if néed require thou mayest sometimes phlebotomize Iune In Iuly it is hurtfull by reason of the heate Iuly In August likewise vnlesse it be towards the latter end of the moneth August In September it is as conuenient as it was in Aprill or May. September October Noâ—ember In October and Nouember mayest thou also phlebotomize December In December is phlebotomie prohibited partly by reason of the extreme cold partly also because at such time there is small store of blood in the body of man There is a great abuse among the common people committed to looke for the signe in the Almanacke and so where the Moone resteth They make also great difference betwéene the height and lownesse drith and moistnesse of the signes also whether the Moone be new or full increasing or decreasing and diuers things more which of some very superstitiously are obserued Furthermore if the Moone be in Aries then it is forbidden to let blood in the head veine and vnder the tongue And if the Moone be in Taurus it is thought vnmeet to open any veines in the necke or to boxe or cup about the necke or shoulders When the Moone is in Gemini which rule the armes and is supposed to be a hote and moist signe the places gouerned are not to be touched Cancer is cold and moist where if the Moon be neither the hand nor the left arme ought to be touched Because Leo is hote and drie no phlebotomie is permitted concerning the heart Virgo is thought to be a very bad signe and to be cold and drie and to rule the guttes at which time ought neither phlebotomie nor any purgation to be vsed but all kind of Phisicke to be abandoned But I take it to be a great deale more méet that euery Phisition examine well the estate and maner of the diseased patient and to iudge wisely thereof and first to féele the pulses and seeke out the infallible signes of the infirmitie before he runne vp to heauen to see the celestial signes for in sharpe and very hote diseases there is no leisure to expect a good signe celestiall but immediatly to open a veine and that so often reiterated as néed shall require But in such like infirmitie must be the counsell of an expert Phisition be alwayes vsed for if phlebotomy in the like extremities be not in time adhibited life it selfe might oftentimes be indangered An admonition to those that let others blood §. 4. ALl those that let others blood must take great heed they enter not too déepe with their launcet for feare of pricking an artery or sinew because they are placed very neare vnderneath and about the veines And if a sinew be wounded or hurt great danger is like to ensue as Spasmus great tumors and swellings or other more grieuous accidents and at the last a terrible and hard death or at the least a resolution or lamenesse of the whole member so grieued for a wounded sinew is counted incurable as at another time and place at large shall be shewed Also if an Artery be touched then either gusheth forth that excellent blood of the heart in which the soule of man resteth or else Sinouia which very hardly will be stinted because rest and quietnesse in all consolidations and healings are required where indéede all arteries are in continuall motion But to stay the running of the Sinouia thou shalt haue very good and expert remedies in the fift part of this booke Notwithstanding it is sometime permitted to open an artery but only when the greatest need requireth that may be because as is already said it can by no meanes be done without great danger But because there is no such peril in the opening of some veines as is in others let this instruction that followeth he diligently obserued Head veine â—ate Median somwhat dangerous Liuer veine dangerous The spleene veine The Cephalicall or head veine is without danger for that there is neither artery nor sinew neare it The Median is somewhat perillous for there lieth a sinew iust vnder it which is to be regarded Basilica or liuer veine is not without danger for vnder it is placed both an artery and a sinew The Spléene veine hath no other danger but that it is small and hard to be pricked and therefore shall the hand first be laid in warme water But whatsoeuer is more to be said of these and the like other veines shall immediatly hereafter be declared Incision great or small In this point all Phisitions do agrée that wheresoeuer is great store and very thicke and grosse blood there must the incision be made the larger that the vapors and bad blood might the better issue forth for if it be not large inough then commeth forth the thinne and subtile blood and that which is grosse and bad remaineth behind But if the patients be very weake then of necessitie must the issue be made the lesse that their little strength be not ouerthrowne and their vitall spirits let out What is to be done before in and after the letting of bloud §. 5. WHensoeuer thou doest purpose to be let blood vse some foure dayes before meats that are subtile light and easie of digesture especially if thy blood be grosse thicke and heauy that thereby it be made thinner more flued and subtile and so much the easier issue forth neither is it amisse to bathe thy selfe two or thrée dayes before but not on the day appointed for letting of blood It is also good in the precedent dayes to vse the sirupes of vineger Note also that thou be not phlebotomised presently after awaking out of thy sléepe but rather two or thrée houres after it and when thou hast walked before All the learned Phisitions also do counsell although it be against the common custome not to open any veine the patient being fasting or not hauing eaten a new laid egge and drunke
a good draught of wine vpon it then to be let bloud and thrée houres after to breake his fast againe the cause whereof is that when the stomacke hath taken a little food nature is most strong The member likewise which is to be phlebotomised ought first to be somewhat chafed and rubbed with warme clothes that the humors thereby might be drawne thither It is also not amisse to bind the member with a band for that in like sort draweth the humors into the veines It befalleth oft in phlebotomie that the blood by no meanes can be stenched or stopped for the which thou shalt find in the fift booke diuers approued remedies but for the same is the powder of calcined or burned Vitrioll very highly commended being cast vpon it If the patient chance to faint in the letting of blood let him drinke a cup of good wine for that reuiueth the vital spirits strengtheneth the heart and refresheth the blood Vse also for the same those things that do comfort the heart which thou shalt find in the second booke If the opened veine should swell and puffe vp then boyle Rue in the oyle of Oliues and apply it to the veine This also is very good to be vsed after cupping if the place should begin to rankle After the letting of bloud the patient shall forbeare sléepe at the least sixe houres and not eate in the time aboue specified that the homors now stirred and troubled in the body might be setled againe in the meane while Afterwards let him vse light meates abstaine from milke or any thing that is made thereof and then at the last commit himselfe to sléepe Lastly he is not to vse any thing either inwardly or outwardly but that might warme and comfort the body and to follow that most learned man Ioachimus Camerarius who excellently and briefly obserued these rules after the letting of bloud Prima coena die sit misso sanguine parca Lux abeat laetis aucta secunda modis Tertia sed placidae debetur tota quieti Quarta quinta sibi mollius esse volunt Balnea sexta petit mox septima colligit auras Fertque vagos circum rura nemusque pedes Octaua amplexus dilectae coniugis quae Antè fuit vitam restituisse solet That is The first day not much meate be spent The second day to mirth be bent The third day vse thy rest and ease The fourth and fift eate what thou please The sixt day bathe in any case The seuenth walke from place to place The eight mayest thou lie with thy wife and after liue thy wonted life What veines ought in euery disease to be opened §. 6. SEeing that the body of man is euery where full of veines here shall now be shewed which of them ought to be opened for the ease of any one member or for cure and helpe of any disease whatsoeuer First therefore shall be noted that phlebotomie may be vsed in diuers parts of the bodie partly as the disease requireth partly also according as the veines are apparent Amongst others there are six from the armepit downeward to the elbow with those on the hand that may be opened The first is called Cephalica the head veine the second Basilica in Latin Hepatica the liuer veine the third Mediana Cordiaca Corporalis Nigra Matrix and Communis that is the median heart corpulent blacke mother and common veine The fourth Axillaris the veine of the armepit because in the armepit it most plainely appeareth The fift on the beginning of the hand which now is no longer phlebotomised The sixt is also on the outside of the hand betweene the litle and the fourth finger which of the Phisitions is called Sceiles Splenetica Saluatella that is the spleene veine The lower parts of the body as the legs and féet haue thrée speciall veines the one Ischiadica the hip veine the other is Saphea or Saphena the wombe veine the third Poplitis the knée vein which is the iust middle veine They are the special veines that commonly are opened of which and others more we will hereafter speake at large Of the head veine Cephalica §. 7. THis veine is also called Humeralis the shoulder veine because it easeth all the veins that are aboue and beneath the necke whensoeuer it is opened This veine being opened it doth much helpe the head-ach called Hemicranâ—a madnesse and such like that proceed of an extraordinary heat It beginneth to appéere about the armpits and passeth along by the left arme To the end then that the Reader might more cléerely vnderstand and know in what infirmities this veine may conueniently be opened I wil briefly rehearse out of other places of this our booke and shew when it is vsually opened As for example in head-aches with agues heate and flures in tumors of the armepits in the paines inflammations and apostumations with other impediments of the eyes in frensies or madnesse in the night mare or hag in al accidents of the mouth and throte in all rheumes in hot agues with an infection of the lungs Here maist thou perceiue and sée manifestly that this may iustly be called the head veine Of the liuer veine Basilica §. 8. AMongst all others is this liuer veine Basilica the principallest whose name is sufficiently knowne both in Gréeke and English This being opened vnburdeneth all the parts below the necke as breast liuer c. of their superfluous bloud so that if any of these be any kind of way diseased it may by that meanes be recouered againe it taketh her beginning of the armepit veine or Axillaris and goeth downe to the elbow The diseases in the which it is vsually phlebotomised are these In tumors of the eyes in vnmeasurable bléeding at the nose in whéesing or ringing of the eares in extreme melancholy in rheumes with heate and agues and in all infirmities of the lungs in broken veines or varices of the brest in the panting or beating of the heart in great faintnesse in ruptures in bleeding of the hemorrhoides in barrennesse of women that procéedeth of heate in an obdurated and hardned liuer in melancholy in hot swellings of the stomacke in obstructions of the vrine in impostumes of the wombe in the paine of the hips in the gout in wrenchings of the ioynts in broken veines in great inflammations in the poxe and in the measles Of the Median or middle veine §. 9. THis is for the most part of all our Phisitions and Chirurgians called by the Latine name Mediana because it lieth betwéene the abouesaid veines and taketh his beginning also from them both This being opened in all infirmities doth most good for that it easeth both the vpper and the lower parts of the bodie for which cause it is called Vniuersalis the common veine and not as some suppose because it commeth from the heart Here is to be obserued that if the head veine or Cephalica should be opened and it no where appeareth in stead of it the
them all togither to powder If you will make Sugar plates thereof then séethe it with Rose water as hath béene taught The like confection or powder may be made also of the Species De gemmis or any other that like you best And alwaies for one ounce of Species you must take 12. ounces of Sugar Of such things as are to be applied outwardly for it FOr this are highly commended the cordiall waters and to that ende we will expresse many Take water of Buglosse sixe ounces water of Cicorie twelue ounces water of Balme fower ounces Species de gemmis the cold Laetificantes Almansoris of each one scrup Species Triasantali one drag and a halfe white vineger halfe an ounce and Malmsey two ounces let it séethe a little and then make a scarlet cloth wet in it a quarter of a yard square wring it out and lay the same on his left breast fower or fiue times before and after meate and twice againe before he go to bed Take Rose water and Sorrell water of each thrée ounces of Buglosse two ounces red Corall red Saunders and Roses of each one drag Muske Amber of each thrée graines Saffron one scruple Vineger one ounce and a halfe temper them together and then lay it diuers times luke warme vpon the left breast Item take Species Diamoschu Laetificantes de gemmis the cold of each two drag Malmesey foure ounces water of Buglosse Sorrell water of Cicorie and Violets of each one ounce temper them together and lay it thereon as before The chiefest Phisitions of Augusta Vindelicorum haue these things following in vse Take water of Burrage Sorrell Buglosse Balme and Rose water of each eight ounces two kinds of Species de gemmis of each halfe a dragme Harts bones and burnt Harts horne of each halfe a dragme Saffron seuen graines Rose vineger one ounce and a halfe temper them all together Another Take Burrage water the waters of Buglosse Sorrell Roses Balms and Violets of each two ounces Vineger of Roses one ounce and a halfe red and white Behen of each halfe a dragme floures of Burrage Buglosse Violets of each one scruple Cinnamome one dragme thrée Harts bones Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders and burnt Harts horne of each one scruple prepared Perles one dragme burnt Iuorie and Saffron of each ten graines Spec. Diamargariton one drag temper them and vse them as aforesaid Another Take two kinds of Spec. de gemmis of each one dragme Diamoschu dulcis halfe a dragme Cordialium one dragme Saffron Indie Spica red and white Behen and Spec. de Canna of each one scruple prepared Perles halfe a drag yellow Saunders two scrup Muscus two graines two Harts bones one ounce and a halfe of Vineger of Roses water of Balme Sorrell Burrage Buglosse Rose water of each three ounces water of Melilots foure ounces temper them together and vse them as aboue Take red Saunders halfe an ounce Citron pils white Saunders Roses red and white Corrall Amber and burnt Iuorie of each one quarter of an ounce Harts bones and Saffron of each halfe a dragme Spec. Laetitiae Galeni Diamargaritonis of each two scruples Camfer ten graines powder these all together and temper them well and when you will vse them then take the foresaid water which beginneth Take Burrage water as much as you please c. Item take Rose water and the water of water Lillies of each sixe ounces the iuice of sowre Apples thrée ounces water o◠Balme Buglosse of each one ounce and a halfe Vineger halfe an ounce red Saunders Citron séede and Sorrell séede of each halfe a dragme Camfer fiue graines Cinnamome foure scruples temper them all together This following is of a temperate nature take water of Balme Buglosse and Sorrell of each foure ounces water of Cicorie Roses and Willow leaues of each one ounce and a halfe Saffron fiue graines Vineger one ounce Malmsey thrée dragmes temper it well and vse it as before These following are more cooling Take water of Buglosse small Endiue Burrage and of Violets of each sixe ounces of Rose water eight ounces Spec. de gemmis the cold one ounce and a halfe Camfer halfe a scruple white Corrall foure scruples prepared Perles one dragme and a halfe beaten Gold leaues eight Malmsey two ounces For shields to lay vpon the out side you may take all the foresaid things For shield◠except the Sugar and Rose water Item take Roses floures of Buglosse and of Burrage of each two dragmes and a halfe Citron séede burnt Iuorie Mirtle leaues white Corrall and Coriander of each one dragme and a halfe Campher one quarter of an ounce red and white Saunders of each foure scruples make a shield thereof to lay vpon the left side of the breast Or take red and white Saunders red and white Corall of each one ounce Balme Buglosse Citron pils Hart bones and burnt silke of each one dragme Spec. de gemmis the cold and Saffron of each halfe a drag Campher one scruple mixe them together The same vertue that these shields haue is also in the Plaisters for which these following are highly commended as well to coole the panting of the hart as the pulse and therewith for to strengthen the breath hart and all naturall powers Take Doronicum Harts bones red and white Behen of each one dragme and a halfe red and white Saunders burnt Iuorie leaues of wild Grapes red and white Corall of each one quarter of an ounce Roses thrée dragmes water of Buglosse and Barly meale one ounce and a halfe Saffron two scruples and sixe graines foure ounces of Malmsey oyle of Saffron halfe an ounce molten Rosin halfe an ounce and make a plaister thereof Another TAke red and white Behen Harts bones Doronicum Iacints Smaragdes Saphires of each two scruples Perles one quarter of an ounce fower leaues of beaten gold Rosin one ounce and a halfe boyle the Rosin in thicke red Vineger make a plaister and spread it on a red woollen cloute and then lay it on the left breast For these sicke persons it is also very commodious like as is already expressed to hold at their noses continually odoriferous things that are cold of nature For which be vsed the Pomanders which are described in the sixt Part or these following Take Basill Roses Violets burnt Iuorie and Harts bones of each two dragmes Camfere two scruples Muske and Amber of each fower graines red and white Saunders red and white Corall of each one drag beate each alone and being tempered binde them all together in a red peece of silke and smell thereon continually These simples also are very commodious especially if there be an Ague with it as Violets Roses Saunders water Lillies Rose water Vineger and such like as hath before béene shewed Clisters to comfort the Hart. It is very profitable also for the patient euery morning to vse these Clisters following for it doth not onely loose the body but also strengthen the Hart. Take Mallowes Violet
bloud there is no greater veine than the Lyuer veine which appeareth none otherwise but as the body of a trée which is thickest beneath in the ground and at his beginning and besides his roote stretching foorth wide and broad and the branches aboue do spread themselues againe in many sprigs or twigs And thus it is also with the arteries wherefore the foresaid authors haue also affirmed that the Lyuer is none other thing but like to a root and fountaine of all other veines so that she doth impart her bloud first of all to the heart as to the most noble part of the bodie This is now sufficiently spoken in generall of the bloud veines whereof we will speake and discourse more at large hereafter Of the Arteries §. 2. WHereof Galen writeth thus the Arteries are vessels of the thin and clean bloud wherein are more naturall spirits or ayre more heate drith and féeling than in the bloud veines which remaine alwaies panting and beating They haue their ofspring of the left concauitie of the hart and the first branch a little off from his roote is parted in twaine whereof the one part goeth vpwards and the other downewards where in both places the foresaid bloud-veines are spread abroad with diuers small veins so that there be few arteries without veins This altogether is most diligently described by Aristotle Galen Albert and also of Walter Rijf and at last with liuely figures it is apparant to the eyes These arteries or pulse veines be by nature as is said much hotter drier thicker sensiblier and harder than the bloud veines Partly like vnto the nature of the sinewes they also receiue some bloud but it is subtiller and fairer than the bloud of the veines they be also much more replenished with vitall spirits than the veines which is also a cause of their continuall panting and mouing which hapneth so forcible that the same is outwardly felt ouer the whole bodie and especially on the hands féet temples of the head and on other places me may be séene and felt All Phisitions may déeme thereby whether the nature be strong or feeble and all according as the pulse beateth swift slow hard soft steddie or very trembling The auncient Phisitions haue bene of opinion that both these sorts of veines and especially the arteries if they be cut or chopt off could not be consolidated againe yea that the heart veines be vtterly incurable But Galenus acknowledgeth verily that the same could hardly be effected in men that be old but in young people otherwise Of women and young children doth he admonish that one should not be discouraged for that he had saith he healed inough himselfe that were wounded after that manner For this be also before many good remedies in the second part the fift Chapter and 18. § if a veine be broken in the breast or any other place which may also be vsed inwardly and outwardly for this purpose In like manner you may also vse for it this confection insuing Take Henbane séede and white Poppie séedes of each one ounce and a quarter Sealed earth and red Corall of each fiue dragmes old conserue of Roses the older the better foure ounces temper all together and take thereof in the morning and euening each time halfe a dragme and no more this is very good and also forcible for all kinds of bléeding When as now the veines do swell be it of whatsoeuer cause it will then annoint them with Treacle or Mithridate Of the Bloud §. 3. IT is sufficiently knowne that mans bodie is ioyned together of foure kinds of humors or complexions to wit of Bloud Cholera Melancholia and Phlegma but amongst these is the bloud one of the best partly for that it is the matter of the vitall spirits wherein life it selfe hath his being or for that it is to be compared with the beginning of life because it is by nature warme and moist or because it hath more vertue to nourish and to sustaine than any of the other humors In fine it is such a Iewell of nature that if the same be taken away then death doth ensue Cholera and Melancholia haue their proper places or residences in the bodie wherein they do gather themselues as we haue of late declared from which places they do also shew their power in the ingendring of sicknesses But the bloud and Phlegma are so diuided into two parts of the bodie that one cannot so soone â—pon the skin in any place but immediatly the bloud doth issue foorth and that the veins be the vessels and habitation of the bloud hath bene declared before without the which there can also no bloud be found except in the least concauitie of the heart Wherefore Albertus hath bene of none other opinion but that the veines do begin there and not in the liuer The nature of the bloud is hot and moist yea so hot that in the whole bodie there is nothing â—otten and to the contrarie nothing colder than the Phlegma Therefore this hote and moist bloud is giuen to all liuing creatures not onely for a nourishment of all members of the bodie but also to maintaine them by their naturall warmth and no otherwise For example good wood is laid vpon the fire for to warme a whole chamber with it in like sort also as the fire is abated and his burning taken away if the same be ouercharged with too much wood or if the wood be too moist also if the wood be pluckt away or too litle laid vpon it so is it with the heate of the heart that if the same be too much or too litle likewise ouerâ—old vnmeasurable hote or is too féeble When the heart shall féele these kind of diseases then will all other members of the bodie be partakers thereof It is also the opinion and censure of all learned that the bloud is the most principal meanes in the mothers bodie whereby the heart as the chiefe part of the bodie hath his beginning Concerning his nature and propertie then is this not a small miracle of nature that it hath â—n féeling of it selfe neuerthelesse it is cause of the same and of life also And it is found by daily experience that if there run much bloud from any creature that therby come swounings yea the life it selfe runneth out with the bloud Neither is the bloud alike in all men nor in all members it getteth also through age many kinds of nature In children it is thin and waterish in youth hote and sharpe in men at the fullest and best of all and in all these aforesaid very much and abundant In age there is but little thicke and blacke and clotting very sodeinly as well inwardly as outwardly vpon the bodie In like maner it is also sure that how fatter a body is so much lesse bloud hath he for that it is through the fatnes consumed as is séene that all fat hath no bloud in it Contrarily how much the leaner so much the blacker
is the bloud Besides these is also womens bloud much grosser blacker than mens bloud women haue also lesse bloud in the outward than in the inwards parts Moreouer there is no creature fuller of bloud amongst all them that haue receiued life than women wherefore nature doth vnburthen them euery moneth of all the superfluities of the bloud and they are lesse subiect than men vnto all sicknesses which procéed of bloud Albeit it hapneth yet seldome that they bléed at the nose or by the Hemorrhoids then do they quickly find that they haue their termes the lesse Secondly the bloud also in the Hearts Lights and arteries is much subtiler than that in the veines The grosse bloud is drawne away by the flesh whereby the foresaid bloud is more subtile thin and scummy The vpright good bloud which is without any disease is light red sweete in taste and not too thicke and in that estate it may be sustained and augmented by good meate and drinke if one take abundantly thereof but to the contrary it will be diminished through want of those things The bloud doth especially increase by good strong wine moderatly drunken it maketh the same also faire and fresh and especially the wine which is thick red for that wine behoueth not to be much digested In fine according to that the food is good or bad thereafter is the bloud qualified for the farther it is ingendred from his proper nature so much the blacker it is If the same spoile through abundance then will in the broken veines be knots called Varices whereof we haue written in the first chapter and seuentéenth § of the fift part or it will be expelled through the bléeding at the nose or through the Hemorrhoids also it is oftentimes altered in impostumations and corruptions What diseases are caused of the corruption of the bloud that shall hereafter be taught and declared Amongst all liuing creatures is the bloud of man the most subtile as to the contrary the Asses bloud the most grosse So long as it doth remaine in the bodie it doth kéepe his warme and moist nature but as soone as it is out then doth it thicken yet one mans bloud more than anothers whence afterwards you may separate the litle haires or Fibrae The bloud of a Stéete is so hard that being drunken it is a deadly poyson Contrariwise certaine beasts bloud doth not thicken at all viz. Hares bloud Conies bloud Harts and Hinds bloud the bloud of Roes of Swine of Goates and such like moe The Philosophers opinion is that all grosse thicke bloud doth giue strength subtile and thinne bloud wittinesse little bloud feare and very litle wit But for conclusion this ensuing is a maruellous property of the bloud that Nature hath placed such power therein that the countenance of a man is altered in the twinckling of an eye as happeneth in great anger shamefastnesse and such through the concourse of bloud Contrarily if the same depart from the face it sheweth feare and fright And in these alterations of palenesse and rednesse doth kéepe such a difference that therby may be adiudged and knowne how the heart and mind of man is disposed within Whereby the bloud may be cleansed §. 4. ALbeit that we haue taught enough for all sicknesses which be caused through the vncleannesse of the bloud by what meanes the bloud may be cleansed yet can it not but be necessary to discouer certaine things here which be méete for the same And first what things they be the confected Nutmegs are especially commended for this because they make very good and haile bloud Neuerthelesse it is not aduised that they which be of hote nature should vse the same vnlesse it be verie seldome We haue also declared in other places that there is nothing that clenseth the blood more than Fumitorie and all that is made of Fumitorie as conserue sirupe iuice water and especially if the same be decocted in the whay of Goates milke Rosemary is also highly commended for it In the first part the second Chapter and first § is a powder described beginning thus Take Sene leaues which is also maruellous good for this purpose Concerning the drinke we haue told before that there is nothing better than good red wine Amongst herb-wines the Burrage wine wine of Buglosse and of Tamariscus is commended for this may you looke also into these places insuing where there be diuers and sundrie things described whereby the bloud may be cleansed as in the third part the eleuenth Chapter and sixt § Item in the fift part of the vlcers and of scabbednesse which be commonly caused of vncleane bloud as also of the Pockes and the Leprosie hereafter shall be spoken of it in the description of Phlegma How the abundant bleeding is to be stanched §. 5. ALso there is nothing to be written of this abundant bléeding but onely to alleage certaine places where diuers and sundrie remedies are set downe for to staunch bloud withall as in the first part the eight chapter and seuenth § Item in the first part the ninth chapter and fifth § Also in the first part the thirtéenth Chapter and seuenth § Item in the second part the fift chap. and seuentéenth § Item in the third part the eighth chapter and fourth § Yet againe in the third part the eleuenth chapter and sixtéenth § Item more in the third part the fourtéenth chapter and 11. § And if so be that this bléeding come vpon women in childbed too fast then looke for it in the conclusion of the third part and before in the seuenth chapter where certaine precious vulnerall potions are described in which places there may good meanes be found according to the importance of the bléeding How to let out superfluous blood §. 6. IT is no lesse néedfull in many men to take away the superfluous bloud whereby nature is ouercharged and many sicknesses caused than in others to increase it and this hapneth most conueniently through letting of bloud through application of boxing cups or through fastning of leaches Of the letting of bloud we haue spoken at large in the Introduction and also written of the sixtéene veines of the bodie which are wont to be opened and likewise in what sicknesses each of them is to be opened whereby each one that readeth it shall find a good direction The second meanes whereby this noisome bloud may be taken away are the cups whereof we haue discoursed at large in the foresaid Introduction Also in like sort of the setting on of the Leaches thither do we direct the Reader and so conclude this Chapter The eleuenth Chapter Of the naturall warmth of mans bodie BEcause we haue now written of the veines and also how the same do spread themselues throughout the whole bodie and other things concerning this therefore we will admonish of the naturall heate which with the bloud is imparted vnto all parts of the bodie for that the bloud and the naturall heate be
obserued and well to be remembred that in drie and hot weather they are few yet strong and bad Agues do raigne but without any sweat at all In wet weather are these agues most rife and that with sweate For so much as these continuall Agues are first of all described amongst hote agues therefore here will we admonish the Reader that we make this our discourse so much the longer to the end we might declare the matter more openly and that such hote agues as hereafter follow may thereby the better be knowne and easier cured and that especially in this § wherein shall be taught the meanes which are to be kept in meate and drinke in vomiting sléepe also what might reuiue those that are so diseased whereby they should be eased in great heate and after what order they should gouerne themselues their ague being gone The Ague that is continuall Continua §. 1. THe occasion of all such mightie Agues is the putrifying of the humors within the great veines and the cause of the putrifaction aforesaid is a stay and detaining of superfluous tough humors that are caried in the bodie the heate wherof approching to the heart enflameth the same This commonly hapneth in all such bodies that are filled with tough humors or that the veines through heate of the same are ouer dried This Ague also may ingender of venimous ayre as in the time of pestilence is to be séene Item through great cold whereby the pores be shut vp through sore labor in the hote Sun through much watching through great anguish grieuous thoughts and through a great fluxe of the belly The common signes of this mightie ague are paine of the head and great heate easily to be felt watching great thirst swift and vnequall pulse red thicke and yellowish vrine the patient rageth in his sléepe his senses are troubled and complaineth of terrible dreames If he be young and the season of the yeare be hote and that he dwell in a high and hilly countrie then are all these recited signes the likelier to be certaine and true The order of dyet in time of hot Agues §. 2. IF so be that these patients desire to be rid of these Agues then is it very néedful that they haue a good gouernment or order in eating and drinking they must haue speciall care to be fed with such meats through which they may be cooled the bloud purified and moistened whereby the heate and drought may be withstood In like manner shall the patient be kept in the beginning of his sicknesse whilest he is in strength sober in eating and drinking and encrease the same according to oportunitie In like sort with the letting of bloud if the patient be red in the face his veins full young then is he to be let bloud in a very hot ague vntill he fall into a swoune But if the patient be so weake that such forcible letting of bloud may hurt him then let it be done at diuers howers euery time a little two or thrée daies together for some are to be dealt withall more gentlier than other and require that the Saluatella vpon the right hand to wit by the little finger may be opened and that there shall about fiue ounces of bloud be let out We haue before giuen order what kinds of meate this patient is to vse that the same must be cooling and cleansing the bloud as Cicorie and Endiue with the roots water Cresses sodden in his meate and in like sort also a Sallad made of the same herbes and rootes with oyle and Vineger and there is chiefly to be put into the same Sallad Liuerwort that vseth to grow besides the water Cresses which is passing good Also the iuice of Oranges Pomgranates or Limons are to be vsed with his meate and amongst other herbes Spinage Béetes and Turneps with their leaues are excellent good Item Lettice Endiue and Parsley and mingle amongst them sometime a little Marioram Penniroyall and wild Thyme and Hyssope but once for that it is warme of nature Of fruits let him vse Damask prunes Oranges Pomegranates And of flesh let him be serued with that of Calues Hens Capons the which are to be brused eaten with the broth also make sops with Vineger mingling the yolks of egs Sugar amongst it Item Partridges Fesants field fowles and such like are not hurtfull it is also to be noted that with the flesh is to be sodden Parsly roots Cicorie roots Veriuice with a little Marioram and Hyssope Moreouer the séedes of Lettice Melons Cucumbers are passing good yet not all together but somtime of the one somtime of the other Péeled Barly sodden with Hen broth is much set by and also Hen broth alone wherin a litle bread is soked Item shiues of bread soked in water and the water powred out and afterwards the iuice of Pomegranates powred thereon and bestrewed with Sugar is very good meate for all such maladies Some are of opinion that the flesh of a Magpie is a certaine good medicine for the Ague and some suppose that young Magpies with the feathers distilled and the water of them giuen to the patient to drinke and it were not amisse that in the distilling of them there were put the rootes of Parsley and of Elecampane For these hote Agues may fountaine water be drunken or any other cleare riuer water that hath bene sodden once before or powred a good while and often out of one pot into another Or you may mingle with this water iulep of Violets or iulep of Roses and so drinke it vnsodden Barly water is a very fit drinke for al such maladies may be mingled with the foresaid Iulep Wine though very little is otherwhiles permitted and also Sugar water and sodden Hen broth the fat blowne off is very good Common rules for Agues §. 3. ACcording to the prescribed ordinance or gouernment of the life we are to shew in like manner the remedies cures But first we will declare certaine rules which in all hot Agues must be obserued that thereby for all such maladies a better order may be had kept The first rule is how to discerne easily that the patient cannot come to his health vntil the putrified matter of the Ague be purged away Secondly the eyes are to be fixed vpon that matter that ingendreth the ague that the same be prepared for purging the ague which is present be corrected and that which is to come be hindred Thirdly whē this putrified matter is to be taken away then must care be had how to open the obstructions which are the foundations of the ague for otherwise there can no good be done Fourthly if the Ague be forcible hot and the patients strength very small to resist the same that it is impossible for the patient to tolerate the violence of the ague then must the patient not be suffered to vse many cold things before that thereby the naturall heat be
had that that be alwaies done or left vndone which is most requisite and profitable so that in strong natures the abstinence and in weake good nourishment be prescribed which not onely in this but in all other maladies is to be specially obserued and kept In this counterfeit and mixt tertian Ague at the first the patient is not to bath but onely when it beginneth to abate and the patient must not haue euery day meate to eate but euery other day and must kéepe himself quiet couer close his breast otherwhiles vse a Clister Item for purging you must take halfe an ounce of Cassie Diaphoenicon two dragmes and a halfe and whay of milke three ounces mingled together For a preparatiue of the humor vse this potion following Sirupe of vineger one ounce Syrupum de Eupatorio half an ounce mingle them together with water of Sorrell of Cicorie and of Fennell of each one ounce drinke it off in the morning fasting cold or warme this is continually to be taken till his vrine begin to waxe paler and certaine small cloudes be perceiued in the bottome Afterwards let him take these things following Take Cassie prepared with Cicory water three ounces Rubarb and Agaricus of each one scruple Spica of Indy and Ginger of each foure graines decoction of Melons Gourds and Citruls three ounces mingle them together with the rest and so giue it him warme There is also to be vsed for these Agues letting of bloud and that at the very beginning The whole ordinance or gouernment of diet must not be cold nor moist as is said of the right Tertian but must be such that it warme digest and open It is also very good to dresse all his meate with Parsley Fennell and such like things and his Barley pappes with some Pepper Item let him vse Hony water wherein Hyssop Marioram and Spikenard hath bene stéeped or sodden Also all things that prouoke vrine except such as warme and dry too fast are passing good and likewise Syrupus acetosus compositus If you desire mo other things then looke what is before written thereof And you must not faile but to giue euery seuen dayes once to the patient for this ague the iuice of Wormwood Oxymel is also passing good and especially that which is made of Squils which openeth all obstructions Some also accustome to giue for these species of Agues Mithridate or Treacle according as the same is ouer hote or cold To conclude vomit after meate is so requisite for all aguish persons that thereby onely many are fréed and holpen Some will haue many things to be vsed for this Ague as there be many wil giue counsell thereto when all meanes and waies haue bene tried then take two ounces and a halfe of the salue of Poplars and mingle it with Cobwebs and so lay them vpon the pulse thrée howers before the ague cometh Some bind it vpon the pulse before the Ague cometh with Cinquefoile Item take a handfull of Eidern leaues Lauander and Salt of each a little mingle them well together with Sallad oyle and so lay it vpon the pulse this should also driue away the Ague The seuenth Chapter Of the burning Feuer called Causon OF this Ague is rehearsall made amongst other Agues in the first chapter of the sixt part that it is like to the right Tertian Agues the hottest of all other Agues euen as we haue also said in the fifth Chapter in which two places her properties are expressed for the obseruation therefore of our accustomed methode we will here shew and rehearse somewhat thereof First this Ague is thus described Causon that is a burning Feuer is a very forcible and continuall Ague and procéedeth of a red Cholera which putrifieth and enflameth in the veines neare the heart in the lyuer and in the mouth of stomack or about any part of the bodie The occasions thereof are somtimes the very hot time great labor that is done in the heate of the Sunne hot meates wrath inflammation of the lyuer and of the bloud in the veines and other causes moe that are rehearsed in the two places aforementioned The signes of the same Ague are a continuall heate and neuer ceassing burning and that rather inwardly than outwardly with many mo terrible accidents also there is great drought of the tongue which at the first is yellowish and afterwards burnt and waxeth blackish with great thirst without any sweate if a Crisis be not at hand the pulses beate fréely the eyes are hollow the appetite faileth vtterly and the water or vrine in this ague is flerie and yellow of colour yea it chaunceth otherwhiles that hearing séeing and speech is taken away by this Ague with a great binding of the bodie In these perillous Agues that commonly make a dispatch of one in foure fiue or at most in seuen daies through death or health these common rules following are to be obserued and also all those that are herebefore noted in the third Chapter and the third § First hasten to expell and mitigate the humor Secondly when the vrine is yellow or yellowish and the pulse slow then must you not let bloud for that the Cholera thereby will be the more inflamed because the moist bloud which delayeth Cholera might thereby be drawne out Thirdly if the vrine be red and thicke and the pulse strong and mightie then first of all must you open a veine Fourthly if it do séeme that it is good to let bloud then must it be done at the first for afterwards it is not allowable lest that thereby great féeblenesse yea death it selfe be procured Fiftly when the heate is almost past then are you to giue the patient to eate and drink sparingly yet in such measure that the naturall strength be not thereby too much enféebled otherwise force the patient although against his will to vse cooling meates Sixtly you must also giue the patient oftentimes cold water to drinke and let him suffer no thirst Seuenthly when his nose or any other part happen to bléed during his sicknesse then must you spéedily staunch the same that he lose no manner of strength thereby Eightly that the hote damps of this Cholera may not ascend into the head the same therfore must be cooled with the oyle of Roses Vineger Saunders and with Rose water And when as the patient cannot sléepe at al or happeneth to fall into any frenzie the same must be cured with méete things as may be found out in the register Ninthly first of all must this Cholera be expelled be it by vomits or stooles and séeke afterwards to coole the great heate which cannot more conueniently be done than that there be sufficient cold water giuen vnto the patient to drinke Tenthly euen as before we haue expressed these diseased are commonly much bound in the belly which must be preuented the first or second day with mild clisters Eleuenthly the patient must also haue a drinke giuen him wherein Prunes sower Dates
at the least a long time and then spet out the moisture and about the third euening let him alwayes after meate swallow a peece of Masticke Thirdly the fift night when he goeth to bed let him take a dragme and a half of this confection following Take of the confection Diapapauer halfe an ounce Frankinsence Sandaraca of each eight graines and mingle them all together Fourthly take of the confection of Loch de Pino and de Papauere of each an ounce prepared Foxe lights one quarter of an ounce Ireas two scruples flowers of Centorie halfe a scruple make a confection thereof with Vine cuict wherof the patient is to take euery morning two or three dragmes and likewise at night as much more to wit two houres after meate Also you may drinke it mingled with warme barly water or with swéete wine and so drinke it Also the patient may take of this confection into his mouth and so swallow it vp oftentimes Fiftly take two ounces of Currans a dragme of sliced Licorice Hyssope and Horehound of each two scruples yellow séedes of Roses two dragmes prepared Foxe lights one dragme and a halfe Dragagant and Gum of each a dragme melt the gum in Vine cuict halfe a scruple of Saffron white pepper fiue graines and white sugar thrice as much as all the rest do weigh make it to powder whereof let him eate a spoonefull after dinner and supper Sixtly when as the patient hath vsed ten dayes long the foresaid thrée things then let him take these things following other ten dayes Take distilled Colewort water two ounces water of blew Flower deluce flowers and of Horehound of each half an ounce poudered Elecampane rootes and Mouse eare that groweth on the mountaines of each a scruple which the patient must take luke warme early in the morning and fast foure houres after it Seuenthly take Knotgrasse Mouse eare Roses red Corall Bloodstone and yellow Amber of each one scruple Dragagant halfe a scruple Hony of Violets and Sugar pennets of each thrée quarters of an ounce afterwards séeth the Hony and Sugar till it be thicke and then mingle them with it and take thereof an houre before supper a spoonefull and againe as much more at midnight Eightly this being done you must vse this confection following Take fresh rootes of blew Flowerdeluce one ounce fresh Elecampane rootes halfe an ounce Comfrey Daisies iuice of Sloes Dragagant and Gum of each a scruple Frankinsence Masticke and Sarcocolla prepared with womans milke of each halfe a dragme Bloodstone yellow Amber Dragon blood prepared Foxe lights Centorie flowers Mirtle séede Knotgrasse Mouse eare and Brionie of each two scruples dissolue all the Gums in the muscilage or slime of Sebestes that were stéeped in warme Hony water let them séeth therein scumming it alwayes and when it is sod to pappe to wit the herbes and the rootes then straine out the iuice through a cloth and put thereto two ounces of swéete wine Currans halfe an ounce and ten or twelue Dates powne all the same very small and mingle then the Gums with the rest of the foresaid things Also halfe a dragme of Saffron powdered Saxifrage a dragme and halfe whereof giue the patient a spoonefull in the morning and halfe an houre before both his mealetides halfe as much and let him swallow it downe by little and little This cleanseth the breast ingendreth flesh and withall damnifieth not the breath Ninthly when the patient hath vsed this confection foure dayes long then let him take nine of these pilles following to wit in the morning betimes three and thrée more before noone and also before supper other thrée more This must he continue foure dayes together or longer euen as the cause requireth Take Lungwort Knotgrasse Comfrey Daisies of each a dragme Saffron Licorice Saxifrage of each one scruple Starch sealed earth prepared Tutie and Dragagant of each two scruples make pilles thereof with the iuice of Comfrey and forme eight to a dragme Tenthly if occasion serue that the heart must also be strengthened and to quench and refresh all drouth and to coole and moisten all heate for which you shall take new conserues of Roses two ounces conserues of Buglosse one ounce burnt Iuorie Roses séeds of Endiue of Purslain and Lettice of each a dragme and a halfe peeled Melon séede Pompeon séede Gourds séeds and peeled Cucumber séeds of each fiue dragmes sugar pennets two ounces starch one ounce prepared crabs tailes as in this chapter not long ago is taught foure ounces powne all very small and mingled into a confection then when he hath vsed the pils let him take a spoonefull thereof and that in the morning early and likewise againe an houre and a halfe before both mealtides and after them halfe as much Last of al this patient must lay this smal bag vpon his left breast Take Violets waterlillies burnt Iuorie Roses red and white Corall Harts bones and Doronicum of each a dragme and a halfe the Iacinth stone the Smaragde stone and Saphire stone of each halfe a scruple pearls a dragme and a halfe thrée leaues of beaten gold and Mace one dragme and a halfe saffron a a scruple Cardamome and Galingall of each fiue graines powne each alone and then mingle them all together and lastly make it into a silken cushion or little bag But if you couet to haue the braines strengthened then looke in the beginning of the first part for the paine of the head and after that where the braines are described The twelfth Chapter Of the Ague Marasmode OF this Ague and of the nature thereof we haue in the former described Hectica made a plaine demonstration This is of some taken for to be a second Hectica In fine they are both such kind of Agues that there is smal help of man to be had against them This properly is that which the Phisitions cal Senectam that is the old age to wit a consuming of the whole body The causes of this is that the heate and the drouth get the mastery which might be caused when one is fasting and hath a cold stomacke In like maner also when one is ouerheated and straightway drinketh cold water vpon it Also the hot aire and the heate of the time may well prouoke and raise that which wasteth drieth vp and oftentimes expelleth the naturall heate whereby the body is sustained whereof the cold and drouth do follow Moreouer this sicknesse may be caused of the debilitie of naturall heate which cannot nourish the whole body and in like maner of cold vapors that ascend towards the heart and ouer-coole the same Likewise of all cold causes that lie hidden in the body as may be séene by very old folkes These are signes of this malady that it is without any Ague but with a slow pulse with an extenuation of the whole body without heate and in feeling may a generall cold be perceiued the vrine is thin white and waterish In fine there are no other
a kind of Violet Seutlomalache siue Seutlomalachon Spinachea Spinage Seutlon Beta Béetes Sicla officinarum Beta sicula Béetes Sycis Sycios Cucumis a Cucumber Sicys agrion Cucumer syluestris Cucumer asininus a wild Cucumber Sideritis Magnes the Loadstone Sidia malus punica the Pomgranate trée Sidion Malicorium the Pomegranate huske Sief Arabum Collyrium vel Collyrium siccum dicitur latinis Graecis Xerocollyrium a medicine for the eyes Sief de Fellibus Collyrium de Fellibus a medicine for the eyes made of Gals Sief de Plumbo Collyrium de Plumbo a medicine for the eyes made of Lead Sief de Rosis Collyrium de Rosis a medicine for the eyes made of Roses Sief de Thure Collyrium de Thure a medicin for the eyes made of Frankinsence Sief viride Collyrium viride a medicine for the eyes of a greene colour Sigillum Christi Herbariorum Herba paris a kind of Liberts or Wolfes bane SigilluÌ„ lemnium Terra sigillata sealed earth Sigillum Salomonis PolygonatuÌ„ Salomons seale Sigillum Veneris Herba Paris Wolfes bane Signigialium Dragons Siler salix pumica salix aquatica a kind of Willow or Wythie Osiar Silermontanum officinarum seseli Massiliense a kind of Siluermountaine Silex a Flint stone Sili Hippocratis sili vel seselis Plinij Siluermountaine Sili Plinij Sili Hippocratis  Silicia Plinij Foenum Graecum Fenegreeke Silicula varronis Foenumgraecum the same Silphanthemum Amaranthus luteus Cudweede or Chaffeweede Sili Cyprion Herodoti Ricinus Palma Christi  Siliqua arbor the Sillicke tree Siliqua Aegiptia Cassia Fistula round Cinnamom pipes Sinapi vel snapis Mustard Sinapi Persicum Raphanus marinus a kind of Mustard Singultus yexing or sobbing Spinalus Carbunculus candidus a kind of Carbuncle Siselos officinarum seseli Siluermountaine Sisarum vel siser the Skirret the white Carrot or yellow Parsnep Siser vide sisarum Sirupus vide syrupus Sisymbrium water Mints Sisymbrium aquaticum the same Sitanium Saint Peters wheate Smilax Taxus Bindwéede or Iuie Smilax leuis Ropewéede or Wéedbind Smyrna Myrrha Myrrhe Smyrnium Louage Soda Arabum capitis dolor Headach Solanum Styrchnus Nightshade or deathes hearbe Solanum satiuum the same Solanum vesicarium Halicacabus winter Cherrie or Alkakengie Solanum rubeum the same Solatrum officinarum Solanum Nightshade Solatrum rubrum Halicacabus Alkakengie Solbastrella siue Sorbastrella Pimpernell Soldana siue soldanella officinarum Volubilis marina Seacole Solidago Consolida Walwoort Solidago media Sengréene Solsequium aureum a Marigold Solidago saracenica a kind of Walwoort Solutio continuitatis a dissoluing of that which necessarily belongeth to another Sonchus Cicerbita Sowthistle Sonchus aspera sonchus syluestris wild Sowthistle Sorbum sperba the Seruis tree Sorbus the same Sorgum siue sorghum Millet of Indy Sophia Thalictrum  Spanachia spinacea Spinage Sparagus officinarum Asparagus Sparage Spasmus Conuulsio the Crampe Spatula odorata Iris the Flowerdeluce Species Diambrae a powder of Ambergreece Species Dianisi a powder of Annis seedes Species Dianthus siue Dianthos a powder of the flowers of Rosemarie Species Aromatici Rosati a powder of Roses Species Aromatici Cariophyllati a powder of Cloues Species Diacalaminthon a powder of wild Mints Species Diacroci siue species Diacurcumae siue Diacrocomae a powder of Saffron so called Species Diacosti a powder so called Species Diacymini a powder of Comin Species Diatragacanthi frigidi calidi a powder so called Species Diacinnamomi a powder of Cinnamome Species Cordiales a powder for the hart Species Ducis a powder so called Species Diagalangae a powder of Galingall Species de Gemmis frigidae a powder so called Species de gemmis calidae a powder so called Species de gemmis temperatae a powder of tempered Pearles Species Hierae simplicis a powder so called Species Diairis siue Diaireos a powder of Flower deluce Species Iustinae a powder so called Species Dialaccae a powder so called Species Laetificantes a powder wherby the hart is made glad and ioyfull Species letitiae Galeni the same Species lithontribon a powder so called Species liberantes a preseruatiue powder Species Diamargariton frigidae a very cooling powder made of Pearles Species Diamargariton calidae a warming powder made of pearles Species Diamenthae a powder of Mints Species Diamosci amari dulcis a powder so called Species Nerae a powder so called Species Diaolibani a powder of Frankinsence Species de Papauere a powder of poppy Species Diapenidij a powder so called Species Diapoeonij a powder of Piony rootes Species Diaphoenicon vide Diaphoenicon Species Philanthropon a powder so called Species pliris Arcoticon officinarum siue species Diaplirisarcoticon a powder so called Species Diaprassij a kind of powder Species Diarrhodon Abbatis a powder of Roses Species Electuarij de succo Rosarum a powder of the sap of Roses Species rosatae nouellae a powder of Roses Species de seminibus a powder of certaine séedes Species Diatrioâ—pipereon a powder of thrée kinds of Pepper Species Triasandalon a powder so called Species Diaturbith a powder of Turbith Species Bartholdi a powder so called which is vsed to be eaten with Fish and with cold Hens and Capons Species Diaxuloaloes a powder so called Spelta Sea Spelt Sperma Balenarum the spawne of a Whale Sperma ceti the same Speronella Aparine Gooshart Sphacelus Theophrasti a kind of Sage Sphaera marina sphaera Thalessia sea balles Spharion Sphaeritis Nux Cyparissi a Cypresse Nut. Sphagnon Muscus arborum Mosse Sphecle lees of wine Sphocle the same Sphondilium Bâ—arebreech or Beares claw Sphrargis sigillum lemnium Sealed earth Spica Celtica spica Romana spica Gallica the long Spikenard Spica hortulana a kind of Lauander Spica Indica Nardus Indica a kind of Spikenard Spica Romana vide spica Celtica Spicantum Herbariorum Lonchitis altera an herbe so called Spinacea spinaceum Spinachia Spinage Spina Diuae Mariae a kind of Rose so called Spina Buxea Pyxacantha the Berberrie trée Spina murina spina vespertilionis Butchers broome Spinalus Carbunculus candidus a Carbuncle Spinus Vergilij Prunus syluestris a wild plum-tree or Slotree Spiritus vitales the liuely breath Splenium Harts toung Splen Lien the Milt Splenetica the Milt veine Spodium Graecorum Pompholix nigra a kind of soote Spolium viperae the skin of a Viper Spongiola Rosae caninae spondogos Marcelli Bedegar that groweth on a sweet Bryar or other trees like a spunge Spondylia ridge bones Spongites Lapis spongiae Spoonge or Iewish stone Spuma auri yellow Lithargie Spuma argenti siluer drosse or white Lithargie Spuma Bataua martialis Lixiuium Lye Spuma Caustica martialis Lixiuium Lye Spuma maris sea foame or froth Spuma Plumbi Lithargie or white Lead Squinanche squinantia Barbarorum the inflammation of the muscle of the inner gargill the squince alias Angina Squilla and squylla officinarum a certaine herbe so called Stachyites Tripolium a kind of Turbith Stacte styrax liquidus the flower of Myrrhe vide storax liquida Staechas Galeni