Linguistic DNA - Concept Modelling Demonstrator

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
heart_n	left_a	right_a	vein_n	2,807	5	10.1366	5	false

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02340	The questyonary of cyrurgyens with the formulary of lytell Guydo in cyrurgie, with the spectacles of cyrurgyens newly added, with the fourth boke of the Terapentyke [sic], or methode curatyfe of Claude Galyen prynce of physyciens, with a synguler treaty of the cure of vlceres, newely enprynted at London, by me Robert wyer, and be for to sell in Poules Churcheyarde, at the sygne of Judyth. Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum.; Chirurgia magna. English. Selections	Guy, de Chauliac, ca. 1300-1368.; Galen. De methodo medendi. Book 4. English.; Copland, Robert, fl. 1508-1547.	1542 (1542)	STC 12468; ESTC S105904	124,436	242

haunches and bycause it is nat well bouÌ„de it descendeth sooner in to the ballocke coddes whan a man is greued or broken than any other gutte and of this gut is bred yâ— sklendre gut that hyght Ylion the which Ylion is well .vij. or .viij fadoms longe it hath many reuolucyons in all the backe After this is the gut that hyght IeiuniuÌ„ bycause it is alwayes emptye for the greate multytude of messerayke veynes that be aboute it contynually suckynge it for the colour that is sene betwene it and Portanarium that incyteth it contynually to expell that that is in it And to this gut is conteyned the gut called Duodeum whiche is so called bycause it is .xij. fyngers of lengthe after the whiche foloweth the gut called PortanariuÌ„ so called by his offyce for it is the nether gate of the stomacke as Mery is the vpper gate Â¶ Demaunde Wherfore is it that the woundes made in the small guttes neuer heale yet those of the great guttes heale somtyme Answere Bycause that the small guttes be full of paÌ„nycles the great guttes are ful of flesshe Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe may the Mezentereon be knowen by Anathomy Answere To se the Mezentereon very well thou ought to bynde the guttes towarde the gut PortanariuÌ„ and cut in maner as the longaon is and than put all the guttes out Â¶ Demaunde Wherof is Mezentereon composed and howe is it set Answere Fyrste it is composed of veynes messeraykes iÌ„numerable braunched fro the veyne of the lyuer called Portanaria and is couered garnysht before with paÌ„nycles and strynges that conioyne the bowelles with the backe and with glandynous grease and is coÌ„monly called seame which whan it is out ye may clerely se the Anathomy of the stomacke Â¶ DemauÌ„de What is the stomacke Answere It is the organ of the fyrste digestion engendreth the chylâ—â—s Â¶ Demaunde What is the place of the stomacke within the body Answere After Galyen in the .iiij. boke of the vtylyte of partycles and fyrste chapytre The place of the stomacke is in the myddes of the body bycause it is the coÌ„mon almoner almes dealer and preparer to all the membres of the body natwithstandynge that the superyour party therof somwhat enclyneth vnto the left syde towarde the .xij. spondyles where as the dyafragma endeth and the lower parte declyneth to the ryght Â¶ DemauÌ„de What meÌ„bres haue be made for to serue the stomacke Answere The fyrste is the mouthe for in lykewyse as the veynes Mezeryalles be preparatyues of the seconde dygestyon that is done in the lyuer lykewyse is the mouthe of the stomacke For as Auycen sayth the chawyng acquyreth some digestion Afterwarde serueth the Mery and ysophagus of the vpwarde partyes in bryngynge the meate in to the stomacke And of the nether partyes serueth the guttes the veynes Mezeraycalles to put forth the noyfull thynges and dystrybute the profytable thynges dygested and chylozed in it Â¶ DemauÌ„de Wherof serueth the stomacke Answere Proprely it serueth to dygest by his heate of his owne carnosyte in the botome therof as Auycen sayeth and by the heates goten of the next partyes for it hath the lyuer on the ryght syde that warmeth and the mylt on the left syde that trauerseth it with his grease wayes wherby it sendeth the humour melencolyke to the stomacke for to prouoke it appetyte And aboue iâ— is the hert with the arteres that causeth lyfe and the brayne that sendeth it a braunche of synewes from the vpwarde partyes gyuynge to it felynge Also from the partye of the backe and the veynes called kyllis and adorthy and dyuers other strynges descendynge fro it wherby it is bounde with the spondyles of the reynes Â¶ Demaunde With howe many skynnes is the stomacke couered Answere With two one is flesshy that is outwarde and the other is synewy that is inwarde Â¶ DemauÌ„de Of what villes is the stomacke composed Answere Of longytudynalles to drawe in transuersalles to reteyne latitudinalles to put forth Â¶ DemauÌ„de Of what shape is the stomacke Answere It is rounde endlong in maner of concorde suche wyse curbed that his entrynges be hygher than his body bycause the yssue of the thynges that it conteyneth be made inducly Â¶ Demaunde Of what quantyte is the stomacke Answere It is manyfest for coÌ„monly it holdeth .ij. or .iij. pyntes Â¶ DemauÌ„de What is the lyuer Answere It is the organe of the seconde dygestion engendrynge blode Â¶ Demaunde Howe or where is the lyuer set in the body of mankynde and of what fygure is it Answere Fyrste it is set vndre the bought of the rybbes is of fygure as of the moone curbed towarde the rybbes and is holowe towarde the stomacke with .v. lappes or paÌ„nulles in maner of handes comprysynge the stomacke Â¶ DemauÌ„de whens coÌ„meth the felynge to the lyuer Answere It coÌ„meth by a paÌ„nycle that couereth it to which coÌ„meth a synewe for his felynge Â¶ Demaunde With what membres hath the lyuer collygauÌ„ce Answere Fyrste with the dyafragma by his paÌ„nycle that couereth it which byndeth it to the diafragma with strong strynges And also it hath colligauÌ„ce with the backe with the stomacke with the guttes with the hert and all the other meÌ„bres Â¶ Demaunde Of what substaunce is the lyuer Answere It is the substauÌ„ce of flesshe and red as quaylâ—ed blode entrelaced all about with veynes and arteres Â¶ Demaunde Wherof serueth a great veyne that coÌ„meth out of the holownes of the lyuer called Portanaria Answere It is bycause that all the succosyte that chyllus draweth by his brauÌ„ches it transmytteth and dystrybuteth by all the lyuer for that veyne is deuyded Mezeraycalles iÌ„numerable that are planted in the stomacke and in the bowelles for to drawe bere away the said succosite fro the lyuer Â¶ DemauÌ„de Of what party of the lyuer yssueth a great veyne and holow called killis and wherof serueth it Answere It yssueth out of the bosse of the lyuer and serueth to dystrybute all the blode that is engendred within the lyuer ouer all the body for that veyne yssueth out of the lyuer and maketh braunches vpwarde downwarde through all the body wherby it dealeth the sayde blode to euery membre to fede it Â¶ DemauÌ„de What are the medycynes that oughte to be applyed on the lyuer Answere That for the substauÌ„ce seldom dyssoluable lyghtly it oughte to haue medycyne somwhat styptyke Â¶ DemauÌ„de What is the galle Answere It is a bag or bladder paÌ„nyculous set in the holownes of the lyuer aboute the meane paÌ„nulle for to receyue the coleryke superfluyte Â¶ Demaunde Howe is testis fellis composed Answere It hath two entrynges or neckes betwene whiche is a dystauÌ„ce wherof one is on the ryght syde that adresseth towarde the myddes of the lyuer to receyue the colere The other is at the botome of the stomacke in the bowelles to sende them colere for the vtylytees aforesayde Â¶ Demaunde Of what quantyte is the galle Answere It conteyneth peraduenture a glasse

seconde sermon of the fore party Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the strynges â—r lyens DEmaunde Of what nature ben the lyens or strynges and wherof brede they Answere They be of the nature of synewes howebeit they brede of the bones Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe many maners of lyens or stryngê be there Answere Two Some bindeth the bones inwarde And the other byndeth the ioyntes outwarde as Galyen sayeth in the .xii. boke of the vtilite of the partycles in the fyrste Chapytre of cowplynge of bones that they are comprysed about with stronge brauÌ„ched stryngê Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the cordes DEmaunde Of what nature are the corbes Answere The strynges ben almoste as all of one nature for both be of the nature of synewes but yet the cordes more than the stryngê For lyke as the strynges be meane amonge the cordes and the bones so be the cordes meane among the strynges the synewes Â¶ Demaunde Wherof brede the cordes and whens take they felynge and mouynge Answere They brede of the muscles and take felynge and mouynge of the synewes wherby the membres are moued Â¶ DemauÌ„de Wherfore is it that whan the cordes withoutforth are cut the membre leseth bowynge and whan they withinforth are cut the meÌ„bre leseth the stretching Answere Albeit the cordes be rounde whan they yssue of the muscle yet do they sprede whan they â—ome to the ioynt and they are lyens or strynges that are set rounde aboute the sayde ioynt as the cordes about the meÌ„bre so that they withinforth â—â—awe the meÌ„bre they withoutforth do stretche it And whan the one draweth the other loseth And ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ whan they are cutte outwarde the bowynge is ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ And whan they are cutte inwarde the stretâ—â—ynge is loste Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy vpon the vaynes and arteres DEmauÌ„de What is a vayne Answere It is the place of the blode of nourysshyng Â¶ Deâ—â—â—â— What is artere Answere It is the plaâ—â— the spyrytuall blode Â¶ Demaunde Wherin â—â—agâ—e and differ the vaynes fro the arteres Anâ—â—â—â— They do agre in that they be of consemblaâ—â— dystryoucyon throughe all the body that is in â—â—rynge of blode And they dyffer in two thynges The fyrste appereth by theyr dyffynycyons aforesayd that is that the vaynes bereth the nourysshyng blode and the arteres the spyrytuall blode The seconde dyfference betwene theym is taken of the place of their breding For the veynes brede of the lyuer and the arteres of the hert as Galyen sayth in the .xvij. boke of the partycles Â¶ Demaunde Do they separe in any wyse one from the other in the body of mankynde so that the veynes may be without the arteres and the arteres without the veynes Answere In some places the veynes do separe from the arteres And the arteres be fouÌ„de wtout veynes As it is manyfest both in the armes and in rethe mirable howbeit no vayne is founde without artere Â¶ Demaunde What is the maner of procedyng of the veynes arteres through the body Answere Whan they go forth of the place of theyr breding they reÌ„ne forkewyse in two partyes the one vpwarde and the other downewarde and yet of them euery partye braunchetâ— and procedeth vnto the last and extreme partyes of the body for to nourysshe and gyue lyfe to all thâ— membres thereof Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the bones DEmaunde Wherfore are the bones made Answere Bycause they shulde be the foundacyon of all the body susteynynge therof And therfore they are made harde and strong the better to here the burthen of all the other Howebeit some of the bones are made for the defeÌ„ce of the inwarde membres as the bones of the heed the brest bone and the backe bone Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe many in nombre are all the bones in a body of mankyndeâ— Answere Auycen sayeth that there is CC.xlviij saufe the bone that is called os laude wherto the tongue is founded The whiche bones thou mayst consyder and se by the fygure here before wryten and of whiche partyculer mencyon shal be made and declared in this present treaty Â¶ Demaunde Howe ben the dyuersytyes amonge the bones of the body of mankynde Answere They be deuersyfyed in dyuers maners for some bycause of the ioyntes are full of maroughes the other nat Some are streyght other croked Some are lytell and â—ome byg And all bones are bygger at the endes â—han in the myddes by reason of the ioyntes And â—ome are enbossed for to entre and other haue vaâ—nytees that receyueth And some haue both the one and the other And other haue neyther one nor the other And of them that haue enbossyngê and â—aâ—uytees some haue them clauelares lyke keyes ã€ˆâ—Šã€‰ the teth And other ben sacratyles or sawe wyse as the skull of the heade And other knotty in eche â—â—de as vâ—na in the thyghe Other be foueable or â—olow as the faucylles or forke bones Other haâ—e both sortes as the fyngers And they that haue â—eyther one nor other ben ioyned solidatiuely and they that haue the enbossynges and vacuacyons be they that make the ioyntes of whom coÌ„meth dyfloracyon and other separacyons Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the cartylages or grystles DemauÌ„de What is cartylage Answere It is a substaunce as it were of the kynde of bones but it is softer or sowpler than the bone is Â¶ Demaunde Wherfore were the cartylages made Answere For two reasons One to fulfyll the lacke of the bone as in the palpebres or eye lyddes the nosethyrlles and eares The seconde to make the better coniuÌ„ction of the bones with the parties next them as in thorax and parties of the loynes bycause that the softe substaunce as the flesshe and other partyes be nat hurte by the mouynge of the bones whiche are harde Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the nayles DEmaunde Wherfore are the nayles made of the vtter partes of the body Answere The better to take holde Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the heares DEmauÌ„de Wherfore were the heares madeâ— Answere For two reasons that is to wyte to encrease beaute and to purge Â¶ Here endeth the fyrste partycle of the seconde treaty And begynneth the seconde ptycle where as is moued assâ—ysed certayne questions and difficultees vpon the Anathomy of the membres composed Â¶ Demaunde WHat is the skull or scawpe of the heade Answere It is that parte of the heade that is full of heare wherin the anymal membres are conteyned Â¶ Demaunde Upon the seuen thynges that a good Anathomypost ought to consydre on euery meÌ„bre which are in the skull or scawpe of the heed Answere Fyrst his helpyng appereth by diffinicion abouesayd The posycyon therof is on the hyghest place of the body The colâ—ygaunce is notorious for it hath collygaunce with the face and the necke and of it coÌ„meth all the partyes of the face the muscles mouyng the heade be planted in the necke whiche are of .ij. maners Some be proprely lacertes that brede nyghe the â—â—res tyll they come

the abouesayd meÌ„bres ben most easyest to set in agayne whiche be most dyffycyle Answere The moste difficyle is the ioynt of the elbow and the easyest is the sholdre ioynte the meane is that of the hande Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the brest DEmaunde What is the brest Answere It is the arke of the spyrytual membres Â¶ DemauÌ„de Of howe many partes is the Thorax and brest composed Answere Of two for some be conteyned and the other conteynynge Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe many partes of conteynynges and of conteyned ben there in the brest what be they Answere Fyrste there be foure conteynyngê the skyn the flesshe musculous the pappes and the bones And in the partyes conteyned there be .viij. That are the hert the longes the paÌ„nycles the stryngê the veynes the arteres the Mery of Ysophagus Â¶ Demaunde Wherof be the pappes composed and with what membres haue they collygaunce Answere They be coÌ„posed of whyte glaudenous â—â—esshe and with veynes arteres synewes Therâ—â—re haue they collygaunce with the herte the lyuer â—nd the brayne and with the genytall meÌ„bres Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the muscles of the brest DEmaunde Howe many muscles be there in the brest Answere After Auycen there be lxxxx of which some are coÌ„mune at the necke other at the sholdres other at the mydryfe other at the rybbes other at the backe proprely other ar at the brest Â¶ Demaunde In howe many and what maners ben the bones of the brest deuyded Answere In thre maners some be in the fore parte other in the hyndre parte the other at the sydes Â¶ Demaunde Howe many bones be in the fore parte of the brest Answere Seuen after as there be .vij. rybbes that ioyne to them of whiche that vpwarde is nyghe the throte that is receyued in the fote of the bone of the furcule aforesaid that belowe in the furcule is an addycyon cartylagynous called Ency forme Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe many bones are in the partye behynde the brest Answere .xj. that are spondyles wherby the nuche passeth wherof bredeth .xij. payres of synewes bryngynge felynge and moeuynge to the muscles aforesayd Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe many bones be on eche syde of the brest Answere There be .xij. that haue .xij. rybbes coniuÌ„ct to the .xij. spondyles aboue sayde Of the whiche .xij. rybbes there be .vij. very and .v. false or lyengly for they be nat complete as the other be aforesayde Â¶ Questyons vpon the partyes conteyned within the brest DEmaunde Howe is the herte situate within the brest Answere Bycause that the hert is the begynnyng of lyfe and is within the body as kynge and lorde of all the other meÌ„bres of whom all the other membres do take influence And for that cause it is set in the myddes of the brest nat declynynge to one parte more than to another as Galyen sayth in his .vj. boke of the vtylyte of partycles And this is certaynly vnderstande for from the nether parte it is enclyned a lytell towarde the left syde to gyue place to the lyuer that is on the ryght syde aboue the herte And as to the vpper parte it declyneth somwhat towarde the ryght syde for to gyue rowme to the arteres Â¶ Demaunde Of what shape is the herte Answere It is of the lykenes of a pyne apple for the narowe parte is towardes the nether partyes of the body And the larger parte where as the rootes are holdeth to the vpwarde partes Â¶ DemauÌ„de Of what substaunce is the hert Answere It is of a harde substaunce and lacertous Â¶ Demaunde Howe many celles is there in the hert Answere Thre that is the ryght and the left betwene the sayd bentrycles is a pyt wherin the nourysshynge blode commynge fro the lyuer is dygered and made spyrytuall that is sent by the arteres to all the body and chyefly to all the pryncypall membres as to the brayne where by dygestyon is take another â—ature is made anymall And in the lyuer wher in it is made naturall And to the ballocke where it is made genytall and to all the other membres cause lyfe And by the ryght ventrycle the braunche of the veyne mountynge that bereth the blode fro the lyuer vpwarde and yssueth of it selfe of the whiche veyne the one parte called veyne arteryall goth to nourysshe the lunges And the rest in mountynge maketh sondry braunches vnto the hynder partyes as is abouesayd And fro the left ventrycle of the herte yssueth the veyne called pulsatyle fro the which one parte goth to the lunges that there is called Arterea venalis that bereth the capenous vapours fro the lunges and introduceth the ayre for to coole the herte And the other parte maketh brauÌ„ches vpwarde and downwarde as is abouesayd of the other veynes And ouer the thre oryfyces of the sayde thre ventrycles there be thre pellycles that open and close the entrynge of the blode and of the spyryte in conuenable tyme. Â¶ Demaunde Howe many eares hath the hert and howe are they set and wherfore serue they Answere The hert hath two eares on eche syde one set vpon the sayde laterall ventrycles that serue for to let the ayre in and out that is appareylled for it fro the lunges Â¶ Demaunde Wherof serueth a cartilaginous bone that is in the herte Answere It is to stay and strength it Â¶ DemauÌ„de Wherof is the substauÌ„ce of the coueryng of the herte Answere It is called precordiâ—â—m is of a skynny substaunce wherto descendeth synewes as vnto other inwarde intraylles Â¶ DemauÌ„de With what membre hath the hert collygaunce Answere With all meÌ„bres and specyally with the lunges wherwith it is bounde And with the mediastinuÌ„ wherwith it is steyed and strengthed Â¶ Demaunde May the herte sustayne dysease longe Answere No for his great dygnyte Â¶ Questyons vpon the Anathomy of the lunges DEmaunde Of what substaunce is the lungesâ— Answere Of a softe substaunce clere spongeous and whyte Â¶ DemauÌ„de Howe many maner of vesselles be conioyned by the substaunce of the lunges Answere Thre that is the braunche of the vayne arteryall that bredeth as it is sayde of the ryght ventrycle of the hert And the braunche of the vayne pulsatyle that coÌ„meth fro the left syde And the braunches of Trachea arteria that bereth the ayre to the herte Â¶ Demaunde Howe ben these thre maners of vesselles set within the lunges Answere They be deuyded ouer all the substaunce by small ones and lesse vnto a very small quantite Â¶ Demaunde Howe many lobbes hath the lunges Answere .v. Thre in the ryght party and two in the lefte Â¶ Demaunde Howe many paÌ„â—tycles be there in the brest Answere Thre The fyrste couereth inwarde all the ribbes and that is called pleura The seconde hyght Mediastuâ—um â—nd that deuydeth all the brest in the ryght party and left And the thyrde is called the mydryfe that â—â—nydeth all the spyritual meÌ„bres from the nutry â—yfes and is composed of pleura of the cyphac and of

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