a lamentable sound Sighing may be in the sound and sick There is great Respiration in Yawning Yawning or Oscitation in which the Mouth is wide opened and the Air drawn in much and presently sent out with a doleful sound With this Pandiculation is commonly joyned as we shewed They are both in the sound and sick In the Hicket there is a short and interrupted Respiration Hickets the Air breaking forth with a sound in a moment It is in sound people and in sick a dangerous accident and holds many hours In Neesing Neesing there is a sudden sending forth of Air with more force and noise and a shaking of the whol Body It is many times together somtimes causing Tears and throwing out whatsoever is in the Jawes or Nostrils It foreruns Catarrhs and great Diseases as the Falling-sickness somtimes Hence come the crying of God bless you at that time as we shewed in Epilepsie It somtimes follows Diseases and puts an end to them and in some people it comes upon a slight occasion In a Cough the Air is thrown out with as much force as the other Coughing and with a noise but chiefly from the Mouth it is somtimes long somtimes short and returns usually sending humors to the Mouth that are spit forth afterwards then it is called a moist Cough as that in which nothing is voided is called a dry Cough and if it be smal Tussicula or a Kecking But if it be vehement it causeth Vomiting Weeping and Hoarsness by clamor or takes away the Voice And if it continue it causeth pain in the Breast and Belly by the shaking thereof This Cough may be in some Men from outward causes but in old men it is so usual that it seems a Natural Excretion In many Diseases it is troublesome and the chief Symptome There is a more strong and continued sending forth of wind in belching Belching in sound and sick it is stinking or otherwise In Vomiting Vomiting there is breathing forth with greater straining somtimes without matter sent forth and it is the Symptom of many Diseases lasting long and much afflicting There is also a Voluntary sending forth of Air from the Mouth and Nose in Vociferation or hollowing and in Anhelation which is hot breathing Vociferation Anhelation Sufflation and Exsufflation which is cold breathing Emunction Emunction or blowing of the Nose is voluntary with force and Noise sending forth Air and Humor with holding of the Nose that the part being strightned the sending forth may be more violent or else the Nostrils are open and the matter is snuffed out We cast out Humors voluntarily Spitting also by spitting with the Mouth contracted that the Wind may be stronger And by Hawking we ferch it out of the Jawes into the Mouth Hawking and so squirt it forth These two are somtimes Symptomes of Diseases Somtimes sound men have them from plenty of Humors in the Jaws or from custom As when Oratours spet at every ful point Hoarsness Hoarsness is when the Voyce is rough and unequal The Articulate Voyce or Speech is sent forth badly Stammering when men Stemmer in pronouncing some Letters But when they cannot speak them plainly it is to be referred to Speech diminished as we shewed in the defect of Respiration But when there is no defect but they pronounce some Letters with a double sound as R. then it belongs to Depraved Speech The Causes All the Causes of all the Kinds of Depraved Respiration are from the Heart and Organs of breathing Respiration and especially Inspiration is from the Heart to get vital Spirits And it is enlarged if there be not sufficient Air or when the Spirits are moved vehemently If the Heart be deprived of Air by respiration intermitting Affection of the mind is the cause of sighs which the heart must have for the generation of vital spirits then to recover what was lost it fetcheth a great Inspiration or Sigh by which the Air being largely attracted the Defect is made up Respiration is intermitted when the mind through affection is so intent upon other things that it forgets breathing til necessity constrains it and makes it greater The Cause of sighing or great Inspiration is the too much commotion of the spirits of the heart by reason the preturbation of mind with Pain Oppression and Suffocation of as we may perceive in passions For thereby the heart is cooled and refreshed as we perceive plainly in sighing And this is the cause rather than intermission and forgetfulness in regard in the night when we think of nothing we breath sufficiently Vehement motion of the whole body Vehement motion is the cause of quick breathing as Running Climing up a hil which dissipate the spirits is the cause of quick respiration to restore them not only to cool the heart for respiration may be from motion without heat Respiration is quicker if the body grow hot with too much pain whereby the Spirits are more consumed Heat is the cause of short breathing especially when the heart is hot also as it may be by hot houses as wel as motion also by violent motions of the mind as Anger Joy and Feavers in which one Symptom is short breathing And if the Organs of breathing are burdened or provoked the expiration is greater We shewed in depraved motion how the Organs of breath A Vapor Idleness or Imagination is the cause of yawning being burdened with vapors and desiring to relax themselves cause oscitation and pandiculation The Organs of Respiration being molested cause blowing or exsufflation when any of them being very sensible as the Membrane in the Aspera Arteria Lungs Nostrils Mouth Jaws Throat Stomach Guts and Midriff is offended whereby they labor to blow forth what hurts them and then the blowing is more or less according to the part affected And we shal now shew how it may come from divers causes splendor vapor air humors As a great Light as that of the Sun by disturbing the Eyes causeth tears The Brightness of the Sun is the cause of sneezing so it causeth snezing by affecting the sensible Tunicle of the Nostrils with which that of the Eyebrows hath consent in those that have thin humors or exquisite sense of those parts A sharp scent or vapor as that of Garlick A sharp Odour is the cause of sneezing Onions Mustard Radish causeth Tears and Neezing by pricking the Membrane of the Eyes and Nose Much cold Air drawn in Air and cold Water is the Cause of Coughing and Hoarsness that molesteth the Tunicle of the Jawes and rough Artery causeth a dry Cough with Hoarsness when by binding and drying it exasperateth and maketh rough the parts that should be smooth and slippery And then the Voice is lost and by causing a Defluxion it may by accident produce a moist Cough Cold Water drunk much doth the same and astringents much used If humors or other thick
no other in the Heart for it is sufficient by touching the Arteries to know the vital strength especially in regard the motion of the pulse is answerable to that of the Heart Also the Defect of the Heart is known by the breathing In the pangs of Death there is extream weakness Extream weakness in the hour of death which is more or less longer or shorter In which although the conflict between life and death or Convulsions the Members are moved yet the strength is gone And the pulse intermitteth and ceaseth like the flame of a Candles end that somtimes blazeth with a little refreshment from the grease but goeth out again when that is wanting And the motion of the Heart and Breathing are much stirred up in the Agony before they cease so that the whol breast is shaken and the Nostrils moved the body sweats and farteth which caused the Poets to say the Soul went out And death being at hand the heat leaves the external remote parts as Hands Feet Nose by degrees and the rest while the breast is warm a while til all the breath ceaseth the mouth and Eyes remaining open and the body turned like a clay colour we are certain the Soul hath left the body Sometimes while the man liveth the strength is taken away for a time Syncope or Swooning and all the Functions of the whol body suddenly Pulse and Motion ceasing so that it cannot be felt at least In the Disease called Deliquium Lipothymy or Lipopsychy in Greek if it be great 't is called Syncope And then all breath is gone so that you cannot perceive it by a Feather applied to the Nose or the like which may be stopped in this case only during the Fit while the motion of the heart is staied and hath no need of Breathing without Death But while the the Heart moveth it cannot want Breath because it procureth vital spirits In this Syncope they fall suddenly only with a noise in the Ears or hissing the strength being lost as in an Apoplexy if the Syncope be great but they differ in this that in the Apoplexy the Heart and Arteries beat and they breath though with difficulty and obscurity There is also a cold sweat called Snycoptical or Diaphoretick not from the digested substance of solid things but from the conflict of nature and the dissipation of the Spirits which is so great that not only thin humors but also the Dung and Urin break forth And because then heat vanisheth from the outward parts there is a cold sweat remaining and a paleness all over in those places that should be red by nature shewing it self first in the Lipps Somtimes there is a particular weakness when the internal or external Organs are deprived Particular weakness and it is called the weakness of that part not every weakness that comes from a Disease but as shal be shewed in the causes that which comes from the loss of the flourishing vertue Such as is sometimes in the Stomach Liver Brain Eyes Joynts or Members which shal be spoken of in those accidents which are produced thereby The Causes The Cause of all failing of strength The cause of all want of strength is in the vital spirit in man when it is not nourished with another spirit or moisture or consumed fainting and weakness of particular parts dependeth upon the inbred and inhaerent spirit of the similary parts which makes the spiritual substance of parts as they call it and giveth living vertue or life and strength and heat which is natural This natural spirit or heat being inbred in every substance of parts as in the Heart which though it abound with other yet hath this in it as necessary for life hath need to be continually nourished and renewed by the vital spirit made in the left ventricle of the Heart and communicated to all the parts by the Arteries as to the substance of the Heart by the coronary Arteries called the influent spirit that it might be the matter that sustains the innate spirit and because it easily disperseth it ought to be in great plenty through the body And hence is it that the heart being the shop where that spirit is made alwaies stands in need of Air and Blood whereof it is made Wherefore if they be wanting or but little there is one cause why strength faileth As when for want of breath the heart wants Air then Death follows except its motion were hindered by other causes as shal be shewed in the causes of swooning Because the Heart being dilated by motion often not filled with matter for vital sptrits dieth And this cannot befall it while it moveth not because it may subsist a while with its own spirits as other parts So we shewed in a Syncope wherein they revive after a long stopping of the breath But seeing Blood mixed with Air in the Lungs affordeth fit matter for animal spirits if it be consumed by great want of nourishment or Arrophy or stopped in the Vessels so that it cometh not to the parts there must be weakness But no man living can be so without blood that the Lungs should be so empty which usualhave so much or the Vessels that are so large by which the Blood is carried with Air from the Heart should be so obstructed Only strength fails in this respect that spirits are not made or being made they are suddenly dissipated which causeth the innate spirits to subsist no longer And that either when they altogether vanish and leave the body as in the Agony of Death or they depart for a time from the Heart and return again as in swooning Or when they are fewer then are necessary as in Weakness Also strength must needs fail when there is want of substance making moisture in regard the innate spirit is nourished not only with the infinent spirit but by radical moisture which consumeth dayly And so it is the occasion of Death or Weeknesâ— as it is wanting in the Heart where it is the proper nourishment of the spirit or in any other parts But if the innate spirit caâ—â—ed the spiritual substance of the parts or called the natural heat be extinguished or weakened or any part cold Then if it be in the Heart which hath as I shewed its proper native heat or innate spirit besides the vital which it aboundeth with otherwise there had been no coronal Arteries and be spent Death follows but if it be diminished there is a general faintness of the whol body as a particular weakness of some other member if it be in them But now I shal shew what causeth the dissipation of both the innate spirit called native heat and of the Influent spirit by which it is susteined And how the humor that feeds it is consumed by natural and adventitious courses They who have more innate spirit or natural heat The constipation of radical moisture through age is the cause of weakness and radical moisture are more strong
happen in a Catalepsis for the like reason since that it is a certain species of Convulsion If the cause of that doting sleep proceed from the Devil with which he deludes Witches 't is not our task to search out those hidden causes The Devil the cause of Daemonical sleep which the Witches attribute to the oyntments with which they anoint things by the Devils command or to Decoctions with which they dream they can cause Hail and draw Clouds from Heaven such as Eotis in Apuleins and Homers Circe did prepare by bruising together Garlick Wild Time and stinking Plants which we renounce By reason of a defect of animal spirits in the brain it must needs be also that a stupidity follow the functions of the brain being taken away which may happen upon a double account they being either wasted or at leastwise poured forth and extravagant The Animal spirits being wasted in the brain The Consumption of the animal spirit is cause of an Apoplexy if they were only impaired or too few whence follows a weakness of the brain its functions also must be weakned as hath been said in the Weakness of the mind but if they be altogether or so far consumed as that not only a weakness of the functions do follow but a total Oblition of them there wil be a grievous Apoplexy and suddenly killing the Patient of which we have oftentimes seen old men die of and the common People still hath believed it caused from a Flegmatick Humor as we see the vital Spirit being impared there follows a want of strength but being wholly consumed Death The Animal Spirits being shed or poured forth from the Brain into the Nerves continuous with the Brain for they can be extravagant no where else Too great a pouring forth of the Animal Spirit from the Brain into the Nerves is the cause of a Stupidity of divers kinds of a Catalepsis and Epilepsie whenas they can consist no where but in the Brain and Nerves then it happens that the Internal sense either all or some do cease according as a greater or less quantity of them leaves the Brain but the motive power is no waies abolisht since as those Spirits do yet persist in the Nerves neither are the Nerves left destitute of them as it comes to pass in a resolution their passage from the Brain to the Nerves being then hinderd furthermore since that the Animal spirit is contained also in the Nerves as well as in the Brain of which they are portions though the the Functions of the Brain may cease for a while yet they nevertheless may still for a time exercise the power of moving which they contain in themselves the which also we may very well guess doth proceed rather from the Nerves then the Brain in some creatures who excel more in motion then in the senses because they have none or a very little Brain but a marrow of the Back large and plentiful part of which also cut off from the rest yet nevertheless moves for a while and this is the true and Legitimate cause why the senses being abolisht yet motion nevertheless may persist for a time in sinding out of which both the ancient and moderne Physitians have so much tormented themselves and delivered their far different opinions viz. This effusion of the Spirits into the Nerves which proceeding chiefly from two causes produceth accidents somwhat diverse as shall presently be explained The first of which is the too much Vehement and Persevering operation of the internal Senses by which as in great passions of the Heart we see the vital Spirits so carried forth that thence follows a Fainting away and so if there be a dissipation of the Animal Spirits into the Organs of the external senses by a more vehement Cogitation and intention upon some thing it may come to pass that as men astonisht they may be lightly stupid and either by and by they returning again they may come to themselves or if they continue longer those diverse Species of a Catalepsis may proceed which we have demonstrated in the explication of the former kinds to have somtimes happen'd from too much Study or Love or some other great affects of the Minde especially Melancholly whence it came to pass that many have put a Melancholly juyce as the Cause of a Catalepsis In which if the Spirits being not wholly poured forth some portions of them remain in the Brain some Sences also wil remain the other ceasing and as they are poured forth into the Nerves Motion may also either at least remain or exercise it self with a rigidness without concussion if there be no contraction of the nerves as shal be said in an Epilepsie and this seems very likely to be the cause of the diversity of Species of a Catalepsis as we have shewed formerly in diverse Histories of it yet as also if the spirits be so carried forth by a violent affect of the Minde that for awhile they cannot recollect themselves we have seen them fal down like to the Epileptical their pulse remaining by which they were distinguisht from those that faint away and some when they made a speech or despute at great meetings by reason of the too great contention of the Minde and Senses fear somtimes or shame coming upon them the Spirits being troubled have sufferd the like from whence perhaps because the same was wont to happen for this reason at some meetings an Epilepsie was called the Comitial Disease In which vehement motions of the Minde as it may come to pass so it is commonly believed also that from Anger Convulsions may easily proceed which opinion happily had its rise because in those disposed the fit is by this means promoted unless perhaps this may happen by the stirring of Choller through Anger as we shal declare by and by But the other and more frequent Cause of pouring out the Spirit into the Nerves from whence follow the more grievous Symptoms of an Epilepsie and Catalepsis is an irritation of the Brain such a one by which its expulsive faculty stirred up rising to cast of that which is troublesome to it doth together drive forth the Spirits as Nature every where feeling pain and trouble is wont to thrust Spirits thither and together with them blood also oftentimes so powerfully that there follows an inflamation of that part which receives them Which trouble or irritation of the Brain indeed they demonstrate to happen rather by consent and compassion with some part then from its proper effect because we see Convulsions happen rather from an affect and Disease of another part Somtimes also far distant from the Brain then of the Brain it self as from a Nerve Prickt or some violent Medicine taken where as if it did happen from some grievous Disease of the Brain as indeed it must needs be a grievous Disease which must induce so vehement a Symptone the accidents of Convulsions which it causeth would not so soon
and active and they who have less are weak and sooner die And when that flourishing humor is consumed like Oyl by the heat of the spirit by degrees in age men grow more weak and dry Among internal and external causes Diseases that dissipate the influent and fixed spirits are the cause of weakness all great Diseases dissipate the vital spirits if they continue long and at length consume the innate spirits with the radical moisture wherewith it is joyned from whence the weakness is more or less Great and often Evacuations either by chance or willingly Evacuations that dissipate the natural fixed and also the influent heat cause weakness or in Diseases exhaust and dissipate the spirits and abate strength especially if good humors be voidded as Seed in the running of the Reins or by Venery Also great bleeding purging by reason the stirring of the spirits abate strength as in Diarrhaea's and great and often sweating and much pissing Also the sudden effusion of things besides nature as of Water in the Dropsie matter in an Empiema doth weaken These violent excretions being painful as in a Dysentery weaken more Great pain which violently stirreth the spirits Pain moving the spirits causeth weakness to bring them to the part afflicted with the blood for help causeth weakness and if it be very great fainting Especialy if the part suffering Pain of the Mouth of the Stomack cause of Cardiaca or fainting have great affinity with the Heart Hence it is that they who have the Cardialgia or Heart pain are very weak by reason of the consent of the Stomach with the Heart and do easily faint this fainting is called Cardiaca And so it is in other painful and long Diseases Great and sudden Passions of the Mind Trembling of the Spirit is the cause of weakness fainting because then the spirits are carried in and out with force cause debility and somtimes fainting and death Thus we have seen some swoon with joy that hath thrown the spirits outward and have read that others have died so In anger the spirits are so inraged that they look red in the Face And when the spirits presently return as the paleness following sheweth they are in little danger of life but they are weakned thereby as appears by their trembling and there remains a weariness though anger be over Nor is the cause of men not dying with anger as with joy because angry men are stronger as is supposed in regard old men and sick men that are peevish are easily moved to anger But it often hapens that by great fear the spirits being violently moved some die and many are weakned And shame and bashfulness may cause the same by which they say Homer died Also if the passions be of long continuance and strong as sadness and fear and the like they stir the spirits with continual Cogitation and at length consum them and as they say dry the bones and this is a Consumption of the Spirits A strong and constant heat doth not only dissipate the spirits but consumes them Heat dissipating the spirits and consuming their nourishment is the cause of weakness and their nourishment as when the body is weakned by heat fire labor there is fainting somtimes And in Feavers it is so especially in a Causon or burning Feaver And in a Hectick the accidental heat of the heart though not great yet continuing devours the radical moisture of the heart and solid parts and the spirits and causeth weakness and Consumption A cold distemper quencheth the native heat Cold restraining the native heat is the cause of weakness or makes it less so some have been frozen to death And others have been killed with staying long in cold water Also some parts are benumed and blasted with cold or so weakned that they come not again to themselves And this may come to the Stomach by drinking cold water And hither may be referred those that for want of excercise bring not the native heat into action and grow stupid Also the parrs grow weak by using things inwardly and outwardly that are Potentially cold a long time they grow weak but the native heat is not wholly extinct as by actual cold Although hitherto it hath been believed to come from Narcoticks that are very cold which as we shewed do not kil by cooling but by stupefying the brain Nor do we grant that the Pores being obstructed that the heat is Suffocated for want of fanning or Eventilation for as we shewed the Skin hath Pores not to let in Air but to let out other things A Maligne quality affecting the Heart or mixed with its spirits A Maligne quality in the Heart is the Cause of weakness causeth an extinction of native heat thereof and by consequence of all the Body or diminisheth it and begets a Syncope or weakness or Death according toits divers qualities So when the Air is infected men in the Plague suddenly faint are weak and die or in swouning Feavers which alwaies begin with fainting And when Poyson is taken or bred in the Body it gets to the Heart and endangers life and causeth weakness And this may happen to other parts when Poyson is more contrary to them then to the Heat If a Wound peirce the left Ventricle of the Heart A Wound in the Heart is the cause of weakness and Death the spirits suddenly vanish and there is sudden Death And if the right or it peirce the Superficies or cuts the Coronal Veins they die suddenly from great bleeding I suppose non can scape if the substance only be hurt and divided because a principal part cannot endure it Fernelius writes that he saw one that consumed before he died of an Ulcer in the Heart that came from an inward cause The like may be from a Tumor which is rare and not known but by dissection because the Heart feels not I faw in 1644. in a Woman that I opened of a Dropsie in the Breast such a swolen Heart loose and greater then it should be with the Vessels especially the Arteria Aorta three times bigger then usual and both the Ventricles especially the left and the Langs and Cavity of the breast silled with waterish blood Also a great corruption in other parts extinguisheth the native heat The Cure We shall shew how it is to be done in diverse weaknesses The Cure of weakness and swouning and chiefly in general Imbecility and great fainting which also may be for particular weakned parts although in their Symptoms we shall also speak thereof We must act and prognostick acctording to the diversity of the cause of weakness If it come from want of Air and breathing we shewed the Cure in the defect of Breathing If it be from the birth or old age we labor in Vain because natural causes cannot be changed nor radical moisture renewed If it be from Evacuation it is worst from Venery or bleeding which is in a Dropsie If
in the Palpitation thereof or Oyl of Jesemin or Oyntment of water Lillies or Citrine Oyntment Or Take Oyl of water Lillies two ounces juyce of Citrons and Vinegar of Roses of each half an ounce boyl them to a Consistence add of all the Saunders Roses and Sorrel seed of each one scruple Coral one dram Pearl half a dram Camphire half a scruple with Wax make an Oyntment Or apply this Emplaister Take Treacle one dram and an half the Cerot of Sanders half a dram the species of Diamoscbu and Diambra of each half a scruple A Cordial Bag. Take of all the Saunders each one dram dryed Citron peels the four cordial flowers of Scabious and Leaves of Balm each half a dram Ivory or the Bone of a Stags heart two scruples Species Diamoschum one dram make a little Bag sprinkle it with Wine and Rose-water or Fume it therewith apply it to the heart It is good to raise them to sprinkle Water and Rose-water and Vinegar and Wine upon the Face Also to bind the Limbs and rub them very hard Also to stop the Nose and pul it and open the mouth and rub the Tongue They are soonest raised with great Noise and Neesing And to place them with the Head down and the body high Let them be quiet after the Fit for weak people faint upon the least motion CHAP. XI Of the Depravation of Vital Motion The Kinds IF the Vital Motion be Depraved which may be seen as I shewed in the Voluntary and Involuntary Functions of the parts Heart and Arteries we do not observe it as in the defect for none can live too much and the body and its parts cannot be too strong And if any parts that move voluntarily move too much or wrong that belongs to the depraved voluntary motion of which we have spoken We observe Depravation of Vital Motion in the pulse of the Heart and Arteries when it is oftener or more vehement than it ought to be by nature or proceeds otherwise disorderly Oftentimes the pulse of the Heart and Arteries is more frequent than is fit The quick beating of the Heart and Arteries whether great or smal both in sound and sick the breathing being also quick and if this pulse be great also it is with pain in the Breast Neck Head Ears It is to be felt in those parts and by Physitians at the Wrists Vehement and immoderate pulsation or beating of the Heart and Arteries Heart-beating is a symptom often by it self or in cathectick Maids before they have their Terms or such as have the Hypochondriack Melancholy This is called palpitation or trembling of the Heart because the motion is unequal And being alwaies strong it is perceived plainly in the left side of the Breast often in the Neck somtimes under the Ribs especially on the left side it is very troublesom and weakneth him much if it continue Sometimes it forceth the Ribs and as Fernelius saith puts them out of their place Aneurisma Sometimes it so dilateth the Artery and drives it out that it causeth the Tumor called Aneurisma which is great and beating This Symptom somtimes remitteth and comes again sooner or later and it continueth longer or shorter time as we said I observed a grievous and wonderful palpitation of the Heart in the yeer 1627. in a noble Virgin of Narbo in France who was alwaies held in her fit by two strong men that bare down the left side of her Breast with her hands til it ceased otherwise shee complained that her Breast and Ribs would break An Inordinate and uneven Pulse causeth trouble An uneven Pulse but that which beats low is considered not as a Symptom but only a sign shewing the Disease and the strength And therefore Physitians feel it The Causes It is most certain that the Heart and Arteries cause this depraved palpitation by their motion because no other parts do beat When these beat moderately sound people ought not to perceive it least the noise should be a hinderance as it is when they beat vehemently especially where the Arteries are great and many and free not sunk into the Muscles as in the left side not only by reason of the left Ventricle of the Heart and the Ear that moveth it self there but by the great Artery that comes from the left side of the Heart and descendeth by the left side of the Vertebrae Also in both fides of the Throat which the great Artery ascending goerh through being divided and there produceth the sleeping Arteries and those of the Arms Also under the Ribs especially or the left side because the great Artery descending thither lieth chiefly on the left side As also because it produceth great Arteries which accompany the branches of the Gate-vein on the right side especially those that go to the natural bowels and the Spleen For which causes when the Arteries beat much the putefaction is perceived on that side and is troublesome In other places where the Arteries are less or hidden though they beat stronger yet are they not perceived except it be by the pain of the part adjoyning which is troubled at the least touch of an Artery As in pains of the Head by reason of the great Ventricles of the brain beating and in Inslammations Or when a little Artery beating too violently in a strait place and hurts a Nerve as in the Ears wherein we may hear the pulsation But in naked parts without flesh you may touch a pulse and judg whether it be natural or depraved especially in the Wrist The truest causes of the great beating of the Heart and Arteries is the dissipation of vital spirits and the repletion and dilatation of the Arteries among which there are others less probable If the influent vital spirits be suddenly or too much dissipated so that the innate spirits cannot enjoy them sufficiently because it is necessary that new be alwaies sent from the Heart to the whole body which must be done by the pulsation of the Heart and Arteries It is therefore no wonder if their motion be enlarged and more quick and if the cause be great more vehement with great breathing which as is said brings matter to make vital spirits And this may come also from the spirits stirred with the blood the Heart and Arteries being inflamed When the spirits are suddenly tossed hither and thither The too great stirring of the spirits is the cause of quick great pulsation of the Arteries and dispersed and not equally communicated to the body the Heart and Arteries beat quick for new and the respiration is greater or otherwise strength would fail This comes from the motion of the body and mind as we shewed in quick respiration which comes from thence Hence is it that the pulsation increaseth by the passions of the mind as anger Joy Terror Fear Shame the spirits being moved which Erasistratus knew when from the sudden motion of the pulse from the beholding of the Nurse that
either the third or fourth day as in double Tertians and triple quartans A double Tertian Triple Quartan Double Quartan but if it be a double quartan the fit is two daies and the intermission one If a Tertian meet with a quartan the fit is three daies together and the intermission one day if it return the same day it is not a new sort but when quotidians come sooner one may come when another departeth And if the later feaver that it fal in with the former in the time of the fit then the fit is longer and may continue eight or ten hours but it is two fits of two Agues the one begins with a new chilness at the end of the other Some return the fifth or sixth day A Quintan or Sextan Feaver but they are but quartans which staied longer away than usually There are divers accidents of intermitting feavers which are troublesome as cold heat thirst Head-ach and change of Excrements Intermitting feavers not only begin but return with a cold fit first as the continual do with yawning shivering and coldness of Hands feet Nose and Ears first then shaking the Germans therefore call it Kaltwee or Frierer from the cold This is greater or less An Ague in High-dutch called Kaltwee or Frierer according as the Ague is Somtimes the body is very cold and the chilness come sooner in a Tertian slower in a quartan the Body shaketh the teeth gnash Both begin somtimes with less cold but then they last longer somtimes the cold is felt inwardly and outwardly also somtimes more within or without And when every part feels cold with heat it is called Epiala But we suppose that this is because intermitting feavers meet in the same day and the cold of one begins before the heat of the other is past Or when intermitting feavers meet with continual as we shewed Semitertians for in the continual there is alwaies heat and when the intermitting comes it begins with cold The heat which follows the cold and shaking or mixeth with it in most vehement Tertians presently kindled dispersed through the body sharp quickly at the highth and quickly declining In others it is gentler nor so general in the whol body but like the burning of green wood as in tertians that have lasted long It is also vehement in quartans but not equal over the body but with mixture of cold and as it were pain of the joynts and bones Thirst is the greatest Symptom in tertians and quartans they call for drink as for life And somtimes in the cold fit especially when the cold is outward and the heat inward they desire drink Somtimes there is Head-ach at first but it ceaseth before the end The change of Functions is seen chiefly in these They somtimes dote in the time of the fit they are unruly and tost when the heat is at the highth And they cannot sleep somtimes Somtimes they sleep too much as in Children They draw much breath the Puls at the first is smal afterwards quick and often and great and more or less uneven There is weakness except the strength be renewed in the time of intermission There is in some a swounding from whence it is denominated A swounding feaver is a sort of intermitting Feaver At the end of the cold fit there are often bitter Vomitings Also after every fit there is plenty of vaporing and hot sweat by which they decrease and by which they are judged Somtimes they void much Urin often and have somtimes the Haemorrhoids or Courses There is alteration of Excrements to be seen by the Urin which is of a yellow or flame color and substance and in Tertians ptesently or in quartans at a little distance they turn white and waterish at first Also a black Urin is not alwaies bad in a quartane if the matter of the disease be thereby purged The stools are cholerick and yellow somtimes black The Causes The first Cause of all Feavers is a Disease A hot distemper is the cause of all Feavers which is an hot distemper or preternatural heat making all the body hotter than it should be The heat which disturbeth the Patient is a symptom First we shal consider the place then the essence of this heat whether it be a Disease or a Symptom The place affected is not one but all parts of the body In all Feavers the whol body is the seat of the hot distemper not only the fleshy parts which are sooner inflamed but the Membranes and bony parts take this preternatural heat The heart grows first hot and then all other parts more or less begin to burn by consent as they are by nature hotter or colder But this is not a Feaver except the heart be also inflamed though the whol body burn with the blood spirits and other principal parts as the Brain Liver and the like Nor can the heat of the heart cause a Feaver if it be little or if it be short though vehement such as comes by Anger or Motion except it be fixed The essence of this preternatural heat in Feavers 〈◊〉 not the same in all and the difference thereof makes different Feavers For this heat is either adventitious and mutable which is called a fiery heat and that is either pure and single which inflameth only the body and causeth pure or not putrid Feavers Or impure and mixed with putrefaction infecting the body and making putrid or impure Feavers Or it is malignant and putrid together or alone and infecteth causing malignant putrid pestilent and venemous feavers Or this heat is fixed and constant or a change of the temper of body into a more hot hence come those called Hecticks How these come whether of pure heat or filthy shal be shewed in these three causes A pure simple heat when it only is a little increased A pure heat is the cause of pure or not putrid Feavers first in the Spirits and Blood Veins and Arteries and so sent to the Heart and fixed to the matter that nourisheth it and so communicated to all parts causeth pure simple and continual feavers when the heat being once kindled goeth not out till it be quenced These are either solitary or without any other disease in their course or accompanied with another disease that went afore or cometh after The cause of this variety is when the cause of the disease is either in the vessels or out of them If Blood is kindled or inflamed in the vessels that is Heat of blood and spirits coming to the heart is thecause of pure continual Feavers Heat remaining in the vessels causeth solitary Feavers in the Veins and Arteries and so the heart set on fire and a feaver produced and it continue to the end without moving into other parts then the feavers are called Solitary or accompanied or symptomatical as they come from or not from the disease If no Disease cause these Feavers but the blood is inflamed in the Vessels then they
are called Solitary and Primary being accompanied with no other Disease or accidents and as the heat is more or less they are shorter as for a day except they turn into putride feavers or longer when the heat is more fixed which causeth the Hectick And this is not as some would have it that if the spirits are only inflamed the heat should depart in one day which causeth Ephemeral feavers And if the blood be enflamed the continuing longer causeth a Synochus if the heat be in the substance of the Heart a constant Hectick Because in all these kinds neither the Spirits nor the Blood can be enflamed by themselves being confusedly together in the Vessels and the substance of the Heart must be inflamed together with them And every Feaver and other Disease must have some solid part to subsist in as their subject and not the Spirits and Humors But this diversity of feavers comes from the Cause from whence they proceed and the Subject which is the body of man wherein they are In respect of the external cause as it worketh these in the body and continueth longer These Feavers differ in time and greatness and this external cause is either from things without or taken in or from excercise Of things without these by themselves inflame as hot Air or Water if long continuance be made therein by accident these vehement cold and sudden especially taken when the body is hot by outward Air or Water Because the heat being suddenly struck inward by the cold external inflames the Spirits Humors Bowels and the very Heart And this is more probable then to say as others that it comes from the stoppage of the Pores of the Skin by cold whereby the Air which should pass through to cool and Ventilate as they call it is hindered and so the blood is inflamed and putrified But we shewed formerly that the necessity of Respiration or Breathing was ordained not to cool the Heart which being in health it needeth not and the use of transpiration was not to cool the blood which being temperate it needeth not But for the Evacuation of Excrements as we shall shew in putrid Feavers which proceed from the want of that Things taken in which actually or potentially inflame especially if they peirce suddenly do the same as strong Wine and stronge Waters drunk in great quantity and the Anacardine Confection being very hot And we shall shew that neither crudities nor corruption of meats as some think can produce these pure Feavers but other Diseases or putrid Feavers Vehement motion especially running by heating may cause the same as we see in Horses after Races that we perceive to be feverish from their short breath extream heat and sweating And Women long lying in hard Travail by a continual motion and hard and often throws are in a feaver which is increased by pain Also immoderate motion of mind by watchings chiefly sudden motions by anger frights or joy if they do not only stir the spirits and blood but enflame the heart also cause feavers But we suppose that fear and sadness cannot cause these feavers except there be also putrifaction From the subject Body afflicted with these feavers they are also divers Any constitution is capable of them from an external cause by which heat being stirred up may differ in respect of the constitution as it is temperate hotter or impure If a temperate body be inflamed from without Inflamation of the Blood or Spirits from an external cause in the Vessels may cause an Ephemora in regard that heat cannot continue long but the body must return to its former temper there may be a short feaver called Ephemera And the heat being united there is no great change made and being not impure it begins not with shaking or Crisis and it goes away by degrees through sweat which is caused by a gentle breathing or exhalation from the same heat That is an over hot constitution which is more fit to receive heat and if it be enflamed from an external cause then from the double heat comes a Synochus simple Feaver which lasteth longer and is hotter This constitution is either Sanguin or Cholerick The Sanguiue constitution A sanguine Synoch is caused by blood and spirits inflamed in the Vessels from an external cause is sooner enflamed when there is more blood or heat then ordinary Therefore young persons and Plethorick or full bodies and hot and such as want their usual bleedings by Haemorrhoids Terms or at the Nose are sooner in these Feavers And these by reason of the efficient cause meeting with the adjuvant or assisting continue above one day to the third or fourth day and are called simple bloody Synocks These have a greater heat and other Symptoms from the causes mentioned but otherwise they begin and end as the Ephemerae A Chollerick constitution being hotter A cholerick Synoch is caused by Instamation of Blood and spirits in the Vessels from an external cause is easily enflamed from the same causes with a Feaver like a Synoch called a simple Cholerick Synoch And it keeps the same progress with a Sanguine except some accidents arise caused by choller by which it is turned putrid If a foul body take a feaver from an external cause A Synoch which degenerateth is caused by Inflamation of blood and spirits in the Vessels of an unclean body then if the blood be apt to putrifie the feaver is no longer simple and pure but an impure Synoch and of longer continuance But if the blood be somwhat impure and yet not apt to putrifie then the Synoch is pure but the accidents are more and greater then in the former There is also a Synoch called accompanied when nature driveth out of the Veins some of the impure blood If these Feavers come from a Disease and the blood being enflamed stay in the Vessels The cause of pure Symptomatical accompanied Feavers is a hot disease that enflames the blood and spirits then because they follow a Disease they are called Symptomatical simple Feavers These are like the Ephemeral or Synoch Feavers except they be turned into Putrid by the Disease that caused them or their Course or Symptoms altered thereby The Diseases that cause Symptomatical feavers are of some part and send forth such heat that first it inflames the blood in the part and then the whol Mass and the Heart and the blood in the part is commonly more then ordinary by reason of the Disease and pain which attracteth These hot Diseases which cause feavers from hot humors as Blood and Choler may produce them without corruption for Blood and Choller only of all the Humors can produce feavers without putrefaction When Blood gets out of the Veins A Disease of Blood is the cause of Ephemera or Synoch Or Symptomatical Feavers not from the Feaver aforegoing of which hereafter but from some other cause as heat or pain and fals into a part where it begets either a bare
mild Feaver like a Diary only the spirits being inflamed with the Heart and then the heat and the accidents following are milder nor is the Urin changed much If the Plague strike a Sanguine or Plethorick person then it will be like a Synoch Feaver and the Spirits and Blood will be inflamed with the Heart in which there is greater heat and accidents as Head-ach redness of Face and the like that disturbe the Patient grievously If the Plague seize upon Cholerick persons then by reason of the heat of the Heart Spirits and Humors there is with other Symptoms of hear Vomiting Stools and other accidents from choller which are grievous Unclean bodies especially that have corrupt blood and subject to Feavers if they take the Plague then it is putrid continual and Malignant with great hear and other Symptoms and then are foul excretions by reason of corruption The reason why they who have the Plague are in more or less danger is in the strength as well as the poyson for strong persons oppose it more then weak And this is the reason why some have spots and others none for if nature be weak the poyson will lie at the Heart and no tokens thereof appear But if nature send it forth then it inflameth every part it toucheth and burns it red with pain and impression under the Arm-pits or Tumors under the Ears or Carbuncles which inflamed increase the Feaver And when nature disburdens her self by the pores of the Skin there are Spots and Pustles These are caused by the Poyson sent out by Nature And are not sent as markes or tokens as some call them of the Plague at its first entrance for though some appear at the first Nature doth cause it by expelling from the Heart that which so suddenly smore it except a Pustle come by touching of a dead body infected as I once had in my hand but when I felt the pulse of a man in a mortal sweat that died of the Plague and both I and my Chirurgion that was with me had a pustle in our Feet which suddenly vanished and though we were infected we had neither Feaver nor any other inconvenience And in the year 1634. I touched the pulse of a sweating man dying of the Plague and presently after I had black spots from my middle Finger and the outside of my Hand to my Wrist yet they presently went away after I had washed my Hands with Vinegar and Treacle And Bubo's come in the Plague somtimes not from the poyson sent to the Emunctuaries but from the heat and pain of some Carbuncle that is near as in other Inflamations Yet somtimes they come from both causes and there are divers in the same or divers places and these being inflamed and brought to suppuration joyn a new Feaver to the former I have by long observation found out these things having fix times been a practiser in the time of great plagues to the end of them and been constant to my patients and therefore I declare them for Favor of no man but for Love of the truth A fixed constant heat in the Heart and other parts Heat fixed in the Body is the cause of Hectickes not mutable or that called fire by the Greeks which comes and goes without change of temperament the parts that were hot returning to their former state as Fernelius shews may be in the ninth Chapter of his Book of temperaments But when the temperament and proportion of the Elements to use the words of Fernelius are turnd hotter and dryer so that the heat can scarse be removed or the temperament changed then Feavers will be continuing long and constant never to be cured Hence they are called Hecticks because they are in the habit of the body called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and cannot be easily removed as habit is not easily taken away And in regard the heat in them is not fiery as in other Feavers but a change of the temperament into more hot and dry as I shewed thefore they scarce feel the heat although all similar parts of the Body are changed and dryer and hotter to the touch and the Heart is perceived to beat quicker and harder This heat is not alwaies alike but when the body is more inflamed as after meat which they alwaies perceive or violent motion and other causes it is increased with the pulse and motion of the Heart Also the Consumption called Marasmus which follows these Feavers is not the melting of the body by violent heat by which means they say some pieces of the body come away by Urin but falsly for that is only from the foulness of the Reins and Bladder and otherwise in the most burning Feaver the parts cannot be so roasted and melted But this leanness comes from the temperament of the similary parts turned hotter and dryer by reason of the heat of the Heart And this is the reason why they are not rightly nourished but fall and pine away in a Consumption Another Feaver going before it is the cause of an Hectick because the heart cannot loose its temperament so much from any other cause then the heat of a violent Feaver which by its strength and continuance may at length change the Heart Hence it is that these Feavers come seldom from a simple and pure heat and Diary Feavers But if they end not in an exact time as they use to do and turn not into putride they turn into Hetticks But more usually they come from putrid Feavers alone or Malignant which last long especially when the Heart hath been long scorched and after quenched and then Distemper remain which causeth a long Hectick which consumeth the Body when the burning Fever is gone This is not that Fever which while the burning Fever remaineth so broyleth the Heart by its violent heat that the whole body is suddenly consumed which is called A melting Hectick Also Hecticks may be produced from long intermitting burning Fevers after the same manner And Fontanonus teacheth that they may come of continual Fevers when a semi-tertian abides long Also from other putrid Fevers though gentle if long and heat the Heart constantly may a gentle Hectick follow gentle and lingring putrid Fevers as in Cachecticks and Consumptions because the Cause is more neer the Heart Also they begin and are joyned with Putrid Continual Fevers which are known as we shewed by the accidents of the aforesaid Fevers stil continuing and a great or Consumption then was in Putrid fevers As when an Hectick is joyned with an acute Putrid Lingring or Intermitting This is caused by the disposition of the Heart if it be by nature too hot which grows sooner hot and dry by the fevers aforesaid And by a Heart that is tender and quickly receives other heat which destroies the Natural For this cause yong Children have often Hecticks not only after a long but a Diary fever The Cure The general Cure of all Fevers the Indication being taken from the
the Symptoms also of a continual Feaver do concur more vehement or gentler also as the feaverish heat offers it self greater or more pleasing as are by Reason of the heat of the heart a swift pulse quick breathing and somtimes drawn with sighs by long intervals faintings away and by reason of the Natural parts enflamed thirst driness of the Tongue but especially by reason of the Brain over heated besides a Delirium Watchings Dreams Suffusions Vertigoes which if the Brain be more vehemently inflamed do present themselves more and more grievous as shall be said in the Causes The Causes The Cause of every Alienation of Mind is one Preternatural proceeding from an evil Spirit the other Natural a certain affect so affecting the Brain the seat of Reason by it self if the Cause lie hid in that or by consent if it be else where that the Functions of the Mind are rather depraved then impaired but there is somtimes aquality working by an occult propriety which doth it the which seeing we are not able to explain from the effect we will call one the drunken vertue the other the poysonous but otherwise it will be some Disease to wit a certain distemper of the Brain of which sort is that abstruse and unknown one whose high efficacy is sufficiently known by this that it vehemently disturbs the Mind but seeing that makes an evil of long continuance and yet in the interim the sick do no waies lie by it when nevertheless other manifest distempers of the Brain if they continue long are very dangerous for hurting the Brain certainly it is very difficult to be explained which we do certainly find that this comes to pass by reason of the Spirits of the Bain which are every where implanted in it and connate and bound up to the substance of it do call a to great Agitation and Confusion of the Spirits of the Brain and the other Species we would rather call a perturbation of them or a mixture of them with a strange matter then feigne such a distemper which cannot cause that as they write of the cold one but a manifest distemper of the Brain also inducing a dangerous Disease may likewise cause it of which sort is a vehement hot one especially if it be joyned with a Tumor and also a fault in conformation also some speck or putrefaction found in the Brain all which how they do Alienate the Mind we shall express in order An Evil Spirit the Devil because he is the enemy of mankind An Evil Spirit the Cause of those possessed doth not only continually infest the Mind the most ezcellent and as it were the divine Function of Man and so trouble them that acting many things evilly against the divine Law he leads them into sin but also exagitating bewitching with his Arts doth oftentimes induce a grievous Melancholy or a Diabolical Madness or altogether entring the Body makes them called the possessed and Daemeniacal the which to dispute or enquire how it is done is not our intent although Matthiolus that he might refer all these kind of Madnesses to black Choler affirms that the Cacodaemons do this by Mediation of that Humor in which he saith they have their residence this surely is certain that there were such also in old time as divers Histories Sacred and Prophane do testifie as also we can no waies deny but that they may be found in our Age too The Drunken Disposition so called because it assailes the Head The Temulent quality caused by Drunkenness arising from the propriety of certain things produceth an Alienation of the Mind which they call Drunkenness or Temulency this proceeds from those things which according to the diversity of Natures and as they are used can induce Sleep and Stupidity and for that reason also are called Narcoticks Some of which taken inward do it as Wine more commonly then the rest because it is ordinary Drink which causeth this species of Temulency called Drunkenness if it be drank too immoderate or strongly yet not so far as to cause a perfect stupidity and that for this cause because by its propriety it lightly obscuring the Senses whence is the beginning of Stupidity amongst which the memory for the most part is wont first to fail by producing a certain oblivion of griefes and labours it brings a foolish joy and that effusion which happens with reason from Wine yet moderately taken its heat moreover helping by which at once heating and inflaming the spirits it doth to much exagitate the actions which happens more powerfully from distilled Wine because its concenterd Vertue and heat is greater upon which account Country Fellows are wont to drink it in the morning that afterwards they may be more chearful to perform their services This also the Juyces of some other Plants will do if those Plants be eaten or their Juyce prest forth be given or extracted by Decoction as are Hops from which Beer takes its Vertue of foxing and flies if they drink of it do dye taken with stupidity Hemp also whose Pouder if it be given with Wine doth fox the sooner the seed of Darnel and Gith perhaps the false Nigella in Bread which faults of Corn if they abound the Bread made of these makes Men sleepy and by continual use hurts many every where the which notwithstanding they do not observe and such is that Plant or rather the seed of it a sort of Millet called Avate of which the Indians make an intoxicating Drink called Caou-in but also other Narcoticks may do it especially if they be used mixt with things very hot both Vertues then acting as was said even now of Wine as if Henbane seed be boiled in Beer as some are wont to do it foxeth sooner and vehemently if the Bark of Mandrake be boiled in Wine till it look red if Opium be drank with the strongest wine as Bellonius relates Turks do drink without any harm Opium half a dram with Wine when they go forth to battel that being more bold and furious they may less fear danger as also Dioscorides writes that Hemlock taken with Wine doth work more effectual and kill the sooner yet all which as we have said formerly of wine do more or less make mad according to the variety of Temperaments as also I have observed that a weakness of the Brain may be the cause that they are sooner affected in him who by reason of a fall had a peice of his Skull taken out and therefore was quickly drunk Some things applied to the Head can do the same as Rondeletius witnesseth bringing an Example of him who whenas he had applied Henbane leaves to his Head to procure sleep became mad By Inspiration also drawing in the fume of Henbane of Peru which they cal Petum or Tobacco sucking it through their mouthand Nose or as the English call it drinking it who for the voiding of Flegm and also to induce Mirth do highly esteem the accustomary use of it that men
although this matter may be heaped up also in other places upon which account they feel their pain most commonly in the left side yet somtimes in the right part of the hypochondries and back where the Spleen and chief bowels lie hid But most do give out that the matter lying there from which this evaporation rising doth affect the mind to be melancholly blood which we also can no waies deny but we deny it to be cold seeing that burning which the Patient feels in that place where the humor lurks doth sufficiently declare the acrimony and heat of the humor for as it was said in Feavers that the blood in the Vena cava did cause continual Feavers but that in the branches of the Vena porta being more cholerick and excrementitious which is continually heaped up from the meat and drink lately changed into chyle when it putrifies it doth by its evaporation cause intermitting Feavers so also it happens in this case as we shall by and by shew that as from melancholly blood contained in the branches of the Vena cava the true melancholly is caused so from that which is accumulated in the branches of the Vena porta and there fils up the Veins in certain places yet doth not putrefie but is adust faeculent and hath also some malignity if the vapors of that raised up keeping the condition of the humor from whence they proceed do assail the brain they wil cause a melancholly returning by course which lasts so long til they being discust again do grant some ease to the Patient so long til new vapors arise which for the most part is every day And hence it comes to pass that this melancholly otherwise than the true hath its intermissions then especially when some excretion of wind chiefly with which this evaporation doth fil the Stomach and Guts is made by belching which carries with it a heat by reason of the humor from whence it proceeds and an acidity by reason of the Stomach in which that a certain acidity is alwaies contained we shal declare in its proper place or when these vapors which tend upwards are partly emptied by vomiting or partly reveld by Farts and Stools or when by cold meat yet moderately taken those heats being mitigated and vapors represt they do a little ease the evil as by taking that which is hot and plentiful that affect by reason of the boyling of those parts and plenty of wind is exasperated because the stomach is comprest with these and pained puft up and together with the Guts makes a murmuring rumbling and waving the aforesaid windes are so frequent in this affect that it is called also the windy melancholly and divers Excrements thrust thither from the mesaraick Veins are the Causes by reason of which also they then feel hears in those places where this matter principally lurks as hath been said but also these filthy vapors ascending upwards because the heart also by the way is oftentimes grieviously affected they complain of a palpitation of the heart and beating of the Arteries and the Midriff being somwhat hindred of some suffocation so that scarce any other evil doth so long torment a man as this affect doth if he lie not down by the Disease with so many accidents in the hurts of the natural vital animal parts infinite of which they continually complain But the cause and original of this melancholly blood collected in the mesaraick veins proceeds from an ill course of Diet long continued begetting the melancholly juyce or thick cholerick whence by degrees a great filth of it is heaped up at length as in intermitting Fevers for the like reason we said that cholerick blood was produced which may come to pass from all meats of evil juyce hard concoction being corrupted and from those that are hot rather than from the cold and dry unless in as much as these being hardly disgested do corrupt also in which we offend chiefly for gluttony and pleasures sake whenas they are sweet salt Fat Acrid although most men believe the flesh which is taken from wild Beasts and from solitary or melancholly creatures as that of Hares Venison to be more apt to produce a melancholly juyce as amongst Plants Colewares and Lentils and it gives a great and principal occasion of this evil if the excretions went to be made at some certaintimes by which nature was wont to evacuate these things at first collected in the stomach or guts as loosnesses of the belly or Vomiting be no more or if this filth being collected in the mesaraick Veins the Hemorrhoids be supprest especially if they did once flow which somtimes is the chief original of this evil The humor producing true melancholly and oftentimes madness is called a melanchollick blood such as they think to be either black choler it self A melancholly humor is the cause of the perturbation of the spirits in melancholy and Madness or that which is faeculent but we have already said formerly that this matter doth no waies want some malignity and we may by right also call it poysonous seeing it cannot otherwise be rightly explained as Galen shews l. 6. de loc affect that a poysonous matter is generated from seed and blood corrupted the which its enormous accidents do sufficiently declare which show themselves in them as if they were struck with poyson especially madness when notwithstanding there is no other hurt no manifest disease nor danger of death and seeing they suffer these things for many years oftentimes without any other damage which certainly can no waies be caused from a cold humor such as they think the dregs of blood to be nor from black choler which if it be confounded with the blood is wont to bring the black jaundies and other grievous diseases of the Skin therefore we should rather recur to a malignant poysonous and occult quality such as we shal often declare is found in many the like pertinacious and horrid diseases which they thought did spring from black Choler as hath been said and in which by reason of their malignity Mathiolus asserted the Cacodaemons had their residence then teach and allow of those things for true which are thus believed out of a certain custom and thought it to be seen in that blood let which is black when notwithstanding congealed blood of its own nature even in the sound is wont to look blackish and bein kept long to appear black like pitch and we wil embrace truth rather than Opinions or we will openly confess that we are not able rightly to explain the true cause But the blood now mentioned is contained in the branches of the Vena Cava as that which caused a hypochondriacal melancholly is in the branches of the Vena porta and therefore it raiseth a melancholly or madness persevering not invading by courses as the hypochondriacal doth unless as it hath its exacerbations and remissions as we said also it came to pass in continual Fevers for the
is a most dangerous and most acute Disease which somtimes is terminated on the third day but if they be less fierce and Rave with Laughter these things afford us great hopes of recovery but if it be a bastard Phrensie and the brain be not yet inflamed but is only heated by a humor or vapor as it commonly comes to pass and it follow a hot Disease chiefly a Feaver we must foretel according to the condition of the Disease for if this be in the fits of Intermitting Feavers either in the beginning or state as this is wont to be common with Children the Fever remits again together with the Fit but if this happen in continual Feavers about the state it can in no wise be free from danger the brain consenting then with the heart that is opprest where yet if nature overcome the Disease the Feaver declining the Raving also ceaseth also in Pestilential Feavers according to the nature of the Disease which is Curable or Killing the Raving becomes Deadly or no waies such yet it denotes no good if it supervene and then if the pulse also remit and spots break forth Death is at hand in the Worms of Children also it is judged according to the nature of the Feaver and oftentimes foretels Convulsions to come upon it otherwise without any hurt 't is taken away with the Feaver The intention of Curing in a true Phrensie is this that first of all with things evacuating we revell and derive from the Head the bloody humor heating or inflaming the Brain and that chiefly by taking away of Blood and also by Medicines that loosen the Belly next that by things altering used inwardly and outwardly and by a course of diet we correct the heat chiefly in the Head also in the Liver Heart which also as the whol body have grown hot by reason of the Feaver and towards the end discuss the remaining matter in the interim also having respect unto the Symptoms if there be any besides these the which also are administred in a bastard Phrensie but guided by the nature of the Disease accompanying from whence it proceeds in which also let it be your intention to hinder by this means the ascent of Vapors and to revell those already carried up Drawing of Blood for Revulsion sake ought to be suddenly done in a true Phrensie that largely or often repeared in a Vein of the Arme most apparent especialry the Shoulder Vein But the Vein must not be openled with too large an orifice as the French are wont to cut with their Lancets lest whiles they are nnruly the flux of Blood cannot wel be stopt In a bastard Phrensie likewise if we see a great afflux of humors carried to the Head by the greatness of the Raving and the Veins of the Eyes swelling unless by reason of the Feaver because it is in its state or because lasting long or by its malignity it hath overthrown the strength we be compeld to forbear it and nothing else hinder A vein also must be opened although it hath been alreaddy open'd in respect of the Feaver Also for Derivation in a Phrensie alwaies and somtimes in a bastard Phrensie if the Raving be vehement whence we suspect the vehement heat doth raise an afflux of humors even at that time when we are forbid to open some general vein somtimes being forced we ought to open a particular one by which there may not be so great an effusion of Blood although it be in the state for fear lest the false Phrensie should be changed into a true one of which kind chiefly is the Vein under the Tongue which being opened doth oftentimes very much help in Ravings upon which account it is convenient also to open a Vein in the Forehead when great necessity urgeth and we are not compeld to dilate it by girting the Neck with a Swath by which the blood is too much forced upwards and to open the Veins of the Nostrils with Bristles or other rough things by pricking and rubbing them or to suck out the Blood applying Leeches behind the Ears to the Forehead Nostrils Fundament Scarification also doth good with Cupping-Glasses applied for Revulsion in both Species of Raving and when it is not fit to open a Vein in a Bastard Phrensie then also instead of that it shall be applied for revulsion sake to the Shoulder-blades Shoulders Arms which I am wont to do with good success instead of Derivation on the sides of the Neck about the jugular Veins others also approve of it done on the grisly part of the Ears for which Scarification if they will not endure it Cupping-Glasses only may be used We ought also by Frictions of the extream parts to revel and by making Ligatures also in those places to restrain the too much motion to the upper parts the which also may be performed by Lotions of the Feet which we shall by and by prescribe for the causing of sleep If they admit not of Clysters they must be cast in by force and that they may keep them their Fundament must be stopt with a Cloth for they revel much by stimulating and correct the heat of the Body by altering and evacuating the Cholerick Excrements upon which account both by reason of the Raving and the Feavers accompanying it they are convenient in both Species of a Phrensie the which ought to be cast in before bleeding and afterwards must oftentimes be repeated many of which have been prescribed in Feavers For example sake we propose these only Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Red or course Sugar one ounce Oyl of Violets three ounces juyce of Beets or Mercury one ounce Salt one dram with the Decoction of the four Emollient herbs Make a Clyster A more Compound one is made thus Take of the Herb Mallows Marsh-mallows with the Roorts Pellitory of the Wall Beets Mercury Lettice Violets of each one handful Whol Barley one pugil Guord seeds half an ounce Prunes six Make a Decoction In a fit quantity dissolve Honey of Violets Red Sugar of each one ounce Catholicon Cassia of each half an ounce juyce of Beets or Mercury of each one ounce Oyl of violets three ounces a little Salt Make a Clyster Laxatives and somwhat Stimulating may be given especially in those that are bound to loosen the Belly chiefly when they will not admit of Clysters or do not keep them But we must have a care of purgers that heat the Body in which thing Empiricks knowing nothing else but to purge are oftentimes grievously faulty Therefore a day after a Vein hath been open'd such a solutive Medicine may be given Take of the simple Syrup of Roses solutive two ounces water of Violets Lettice Bugloss as much as is sufficient to dilute it and give it Or this Take of the juce of Roses one ounce and an half Sugar six drams dissolved in Rose water Boyl it gently strain it and give it Otherwise after this manner Take of Syrup of Roses solutive
meats endued with an Alimental savor are offered to the sick which for the most part they are wont to loath and are thrust in as it were by force then whatsoever they take afterwards though of another savor they perswade themselves hath the same Alimental rellish or smels of it and when sweet things are given to those that are feaverish being for the most part ingrateful to them they judg all things afterwards to be sweet and also in the sound things being tasted that are very Bitter Salt Austere and adhearing long they do chang the rellish of those things that follow and hence it comes to pass that after taking of rotten cheese after Vinegar in sauces if they drink Wine it appears not such as it is but either bitter or to others more sweet according to the diversity of Natures A strange savor proceeding from an internal Cause doth also deprave the Taste if such a Vapor or Humor do infinuate it self into the Coat which perceives the the Taste And hence it comes to pass that sometimes they think all things which they tast to be sweet if sweet Flegm or a sweet and alimental Vapor ascending from the Nourishment out of the Stomach doth season the said Coat Or if an acid Vapor belcht up from the Chyle which we have elsewhere shewn is alwaies acid or from meat half digested or four Wine taken or by vomiting raised up even to the mouth they do infect the mouth with an acid savor Or a salt savor also may be imprinted on the said parts from the Serum or salt Flegm falling thither or when the Mouth is so bitter that it judgeth all things which it tasteth to be bitter too which oftentimes happens by reason of Choler if it be collected in the Stomach by a certain communion with the Coat incompassing the mouth which doth also invest the Stomach and also in cholerick sound bodies if by long fasting it be carried thither or being moved with Anger it be poured thither or in other cholerick Diseases and Feavers either abounding in quantity or boyling with heat it empty it self into the Stomach or be generated there from things taken that produce Choller or that do end in Choler by Corruption The Cure This disease if it proceed by consent from the Nerves or the Brain its Cure wil be common with that of an Apoplexy and other resolutions of the Nerves which then are also present but if the gustatory instrument the Coat of the Tongue and Jaws be affected by Idiopathie and that either grow dry or be coverd with slime or be seasoned with a strange savor to these the Indication of Cure shal be applied In a Driness the Cause must first be turned away which if it arise from an evil custom that they sleep with their Mouth open it must be changed by forbearing to use it The Cure of the want of Tasting from the driness of the coat of the mouth especially if they are compel'd to breath so their Nostrils being obstructed then if they sleep with their head placed higher and the pillow under it be raised up experience teacheth that they may thus attract the Air more freely because the largeness of the Nostrils is then the more dilated and if snivel or flegm obstruct the Nostrils they must be purged by Errhines and if a hotter course of living doth bring this driness let them abstain from hot and salt meats let them dilute their Wine wel let them use Sallets at Supper especially of Lettice Succory and the like and let them not heat their body too much no other waies then that the Air may not often enter the mouth and dry it they ought to speak little and spit seldom seeing the spittle retained a long time because it is glutinous doth chiefly moisten the Tongue and if it be dried doth lenifie it again If this happen in some Internal hot disease especially as in burning and Continual Feavers the Cure must chiefly be directed to extinguish the heat of the Feaver chiefly then cold Epithems must often be applied to the Heart Liver and parts from whence the heat chiefly ariseth Afterwards Remedies shall be fitted to the coat of the mouth by lenifying and moistning this roughness with things soft glutinous and fat which either they may keep in their mouth chew lick or wash the mouth with them or if they cannot let their Tongue be anointed with the Finger or a Stick applied to them Prunes Tamarinds Sebestens such as are kept dried if being mollified again with a gentle heat they be kept in the mouth lenifying with their grateful relish they correct this fault Fresh Apples sliced chewed and held a little in the mouth de perform the same as also the flesh and juyce of Melons Guords and especially of Citruls fresh Purslane as being eaten it doth presently correct the roughness of the Teeth so also it doth very much lenifie the jaws the which also Lettice held in the Mouth and chewed doth If those things be conteined in the Mouth which do actually Refrigerate by extinguishing the heat they correct the driness as Cold water and Stones amongst which the Chrystal is beleeved to bring somewhat peculiar The following Remedies also must be licked or put into their Mouth which do correct the driness of the Tongue and Jaws by their mucilaginiousness As Take the white of one Egg beat it wel with Sugar til it grow white use it Or thus Take of the Mucilage of the seeds of Quinces and Fleawort extracted with Rose-water of each half an ounce Syrup of Violets one ounce mix them wel Or Take of the aforesaid Composition one ounce to which also you may add of the Mucilage of Apple kernels and seeds of Mallows half an ounce the Infusion of Gum Tragacanth in Rose-water half an ounce Sugar candy espocially if the Tongue be foul too Honey of Roses of each two drams mix them These Compositions made a little thicker being received in broad baggs and often moistned with Rose-water he may lay on his Tongue and so keep them a while or let Cloaths be moistened in these Liquors and be applied in like manner Which also may be done in this Decoction Take of Sweet Prunes six Violet flowers one pugil because they have a glutinousness Barley clensed one ounce Quince seeds two drams Fleawort one dram Gum Tragacanth half a dram boyl them in Water for the said use adding a little Honey or Sugar Things somwhat Unctuous but made of those which are most pleasing being administred after the same manner do egregiously contemperate this driness Of which sort this is Take of Fresh Butter or instead of that Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn as much as is sufficient White Sugar or Candy or Sugar of Roses beat them together and let him lick it Or thus Take the white of one Egg Starch Corn one dram Milk as much as wil suffice beat them wel boyl them a little till it becomes a Frumenty add of
Arms Hands and Fingers to stand or go with the Thighs and Legs with the mandible which alone of all the Bones in the Head is firm to exercise most stronge Motions firmly to take things and devide them with the Teeth the Motions weaker then these are those which are perfected only in the fleshy and menbranous Members placed in the Face As to open and shut the Mouth and Lips the Ey-brows or Eyes also to move the Eyes the hurts of which Motions have two differences chiefly that either they are defective or depraved Voluntary Motions are defective because they are weakend by themselves or Abolisht for by accident also when by reason of pain in a part its Motion is omitted because it would increase the pain yet it is improperly said that it cannot be moved which case is to be referd to pains where also it shal be explained But Voluntary Motions are debilitated A Weakness of Motion especially the stronger when they are done with a certain weakness in its divers Kinds which are Sluggishness Weariness after labor a Spontanious Weariness which we will explain together in the first Chapter of the Weakness of Motion Voluntary Motions are abolisht Impotency of Motion both the strong and the weaker when they are not perfected at all or at least wise not so much as was needful as it is wont to come to pass in its diverse kinds the chief of which are a Palsy Spasme Contraction and their diverse Species as a Flatulent Spasme a Trisme a wreathing of the Mouth a Doglike Spasme a Gibbus Strabisme c. of which we will treat together under the title of Impotency of Motion in the second Chapter Voluntary Motions are depraved The Depravation of Morion chiefly the strong but with them the weaker also when they proceed not rightly or more then was fitting as it happens in some of its kinds which are chiefly Restlesness Trembling Palpitation Rigor Horror Retching Gaping Tinckling of the Eyes which shall be handled in Depraved Motion Chap. III. All motions of Breathing also are apparent to the senses and are perfected by divers Organs of the Breast Neck and Jawes and that two waies by drawing in and breathing out the Air which Motion we cannot intermit at our will when nature doth attempt it whence it shall be called Natural Respiration the other is performed only by breathing out the Air with a sound which with our will we can omit and it may be called a Voluntary Expiration or because it vtters a Voice Vocal expiration which also is twofold as it brings forth a Voice simply t is called a Voice but as it makes an Articulate voice t is called Speech the which three Respiration Voice and Speech do vary in that that either they are Defective or Depraved They are defective The defect of Respiration when they are not done or not sufficiently in many kinds of it which are Strangling Suffocation difficulty of breathing Asthma Suffocation of the Womb Night-Mare defect of Voice and Speech Stammering which we will describe together in the Defect of Respiration Chap. IV. They are Depraved when they are done Evil Respiration either not Naturally or Violently in divers kinds as are quick Breathing Sighing Yawning Hiccups Sneezing Cough Hoarsness which shal be explained in Evil Respiration Chap. V. The motions of Excretions under which we may comprehend not only those when some things is cast forth of the body which are naturally perfected by the passages of the body destined for it that fall under the sense and are done by our Will or at leastwise are regulated by it are the passage through the Gullet going to stool Pissing Bringing forth which motions in as much as they are functions of the body are somtimes defective when they are not done or not as much as was convenient somtimes they are depraved when they are not retained to the destined time which come to pass when the excretion is unseasonable or too much but because somthing is rejected in all of them we wil describe in the Rejections all such like natural excretions with those Preternatural but here we wil handle them in as much as these functions are Defective or are not performed One passage through the Gullet or Aesophagus is The defect of passage through the Gullet which is naturally inwards in swallowing but the other by compulsion outwards by vomiting of the kinds of both defects viz. the difficulty of Swallowing and Vomiting we wil treat in the Defect of passage through the Gullet Chap. VI. The one kind of defect of dejections which is performed partly by nature The defect of Stools partly by the wil viz. Costiveness of the Body shall be explained in Defect of Stools Chap. VII The Defects of Pissing The defect of Pissing which the Will effecteth partly and chiefly yet Nature helping which are an Ischury Dvsury are described in the Defect of Pissing Chap. VIII The two kinds of Defect of bringing forth which motion is made by the force of Nature our Will assisting which are a Difficulty of bringing forth and an Imperfect Birth shal be explained in the Defect of bringing forth Chap. IX Involuntary motions are not all of them but some only are conspicuous to the senses which Nature alone doth attempt either for preservation of life called Vital Motions or for Nourishment and are called Nutritive Motions or for Propagation of the kind and and they are named Motions of Generation from whence also proceed three kinds of hurts of Involuntary motions viz. of the Vital of Nutrition and Generation The Vital motions do manifest themselves in our strength and in the motion of the Heart and Pulse of the Arteries which are hurt in this that either they are Defective or Depraved They are defective when they are abolisht or impaired The defect of vital motion in the following kinds a failing of the strength a defect of Courage in the Agony of Death which we shal explain together in The Defect of Vital motion Chap. X. They are depraved when the motion of the Heart and Pulses are too much or amiss Vital motion depraved in these two kinds the Motion and Pulse of the Heart Depraved the Palpitation of the Heart of which we shal treat in the defect of Vital Motion Depraved Chap. XI The Motions of Nutrition or which are made for Nourishments sake being four to wit Attractive Retentive Concoctive and Expulsive cannot all of them be perceived by the Senses neither do we perceive how the Retentive or Concoctive works or when they are hurt by the proper hurt of that motion but we know it by other things which follow from thence But in Attraction we manifestly find that Motion when Nature desires Meat and Drink and in Excretion when Nature expels somwhat out of the Body by its proper force we plainly observe its motion as in other Excretions in which our Will is Auxilary to it whence we meet with
only an impaired one manifesting it self depravedly and with trembling and that because whiles the Muscle doth endeavor to lift up the Member and it cannot keep it so long by reason of its weakness that sliding back indeed by a natural Motion by reason of gravity but the Muscle drawing it back again upwards by a voluntary Motion by this intercourse and as it were contention of Motion amongst themselves the Member stirred upward and downwards ariseth that called a trembling which will be so much the greater if the Member which it ought to move be heavy or do not follow and the Muscle also be in some sort involuntarily stirred up to move where we observe in some although their Member rest yet they tremble But this their weakness happens somtimes by reason of the defect of the Animal spirit The defect of the Animal spirit is the cause of trembling not absolute as in a Palsie but only such a one by which the sense of Feeling is yet indeed communicated but there is not sufficient force ministred to the Muscles to move because a greater portion of it is required to Motion then to the sense of Feeling which somtimes happens when they are spent whence ariseth a lasting trembling and that either by reason of Age whence old Folks become Tremulous or by reason of a grievous and long continued Disease after which they oftentimes tremble a long while or of immoderate Evacuation especially by Venery shedding of blood purging and great labors but otherwise the spirits being only dissipated they tremble til they return as by a vehement affect of the Mind or suddain in Fear Anger Joy they tremble for a while and in strong or swift Motion as when they carry heavy burthens or do somwhat else which is above strength they tremble and when having sufferd grievous labors they rest the Members being too much wearied do tremble for a time also the Spirits being hinderd yet not wholly intercepted as in a Palsie whence a perfect resolution of the Muscle follows but only in part the weakness which ariseth in the Muscle causing a trembling which even then is as it were a certain Diminute Palsie sprung from the same causes affecting the Nerve as in a Palsie yet not so powerfully and especially proceeding from Excrementitious humors possessing the Nerves but other affects of the Nerves also do induce a trembling A hurt of the Nerve is the cause of trembling not by intercepting the spirits but by weakning or hurting the Nerves another way as if from Excrementitious humors as hath been said this weakness in the Muscle doth cause a trembling not only by intercepting the Spirits but also by irritating the Nerve doth somtimes force it to the motion which is made in trembling whence also the cause being increased or lasting the trembling ofttimes ends in a convulsion And if the Nerves also by Narcoticks too much or often taken do at length contract that weakness from that Stupidity that also the Muscles by reason of them be weakend a trembling also is bred from this affect of them as it hath befallen some not only by the use of Opium or of other strong ones but from a Suffumigation of Henbane and we observe that by the Narcotick vertue of Wine they who are given to drunkenness do at length become Tremulous the which notwithstanding they perswade themselves doth proceed from the drinking of cold Water which drunkards drink in the morning to quench their thirst caused by Wine that they may not be compelled to abstain from Wine Which suspition of theirs is augmented also by this that whiles they are yet fasting and sober they tremble and after they are heated again with Wine the trembling ceaseth or at least waies shews it self less the which yet doth not happen as if Wine were not the cause of this trembling but because whiles the Wine increasing the heat of the Body renders its actions lively that as long as it is hot with Wine and as it were refresht it doth less feel the weakness which otherwise alwaies remains for that reason as those refresht with meat and Wine being made stronger is the cause that they tremble less After the same manner trembling is somtimes bread from other Poysonous things being taken and applied chiefly besetting the Nerves as it is somtimes wont to happen from the Suffumigation of quick-silver not from the touch as some would have it to Gold-smiths in gilding their Vessels if they have not a care of themselves but draw it in for which cause also in the French Pox those suffumigated with Cinnabar especially if then also they drink Wine by which the Nerves being already made feeble are easily hurt do oftentimes fall into a trembling the which also ofttimes befals them who in the same Disease being anointed with quick-silver do thence get a trembling which hurts of the Nerves proceeding from quick-silver either proceed frrom its Antipathy with the Nerves or from some other propriety of it almost proper to it by which it moving the Humors driving them to the Jawes it moves plentiful spitting and driving them to the superficies and extremities of the Body it also affects the Nerves and so much the worse if the Humors which are moved be evil and be not decently purged by sweats by which also if the Nerves suffer more vehemently after tremblings they suffer Convulsions which often follow these cures made by the use of quick-silver There may be some fault in the Nerves from the Birth whence some are born trembling as hath been formerly shewed by the example of one but what trembling that was can hardly be explained because though trembling he nevertheless performed his Duties for a long course of life and married a Wife The Cure We will divide the Cure according to the diversity of the Kinds and we will explain in every one what is to be done What must be done both in a general and particular Convulsion The Cure of a Convulsion hath been taught in Convulsions in that also called a Convulsive Palpitation in as much as this threatens true Convulsions we must study to prevent it by Application of the same Remedies but by reason of its motion seeing it is not very urgent nothing peculiar is applied to the members In Restlessness The Cure of restlessness from trouble of mind if that spring from a perturbation of the mind what then must be done in respect of the Disease and also of this Symptom by reason of which how it ought to be quieted with Dormitives and be restrained by using of force hath been explained in an Alienation of the Mind If they be restless by reason of Pain The Cure of restlessness by reason of Pain then smoothing the pain with Anodines and things enducing sleep and if it urge more vehemently causing a Stupidity together with the Pain we correct the Restlessness But if the Restlessnes arise by reason of the Heat not only of the Heart
was beloved he discovered a Disease to be from the mind that is Love This Palpitation of the Heart is sooner in weak people and such as are disposed to it Stirring of the Spirits causeth palpitation of Heart in them that are subject thereto the least exercise wil cause it in some One confessed to me that he had it presently in the act of Venery and was so troubled therewith that except he gave over he should be stifled as it fel out afterwards This pulsation also is greater when the spirits are dissipated from other causes as at the point of Death when they are vanished though there be great weakness by which nature labors to assist them in the greatest danger by this motion and recollection of Spirits When the Spirits grow hot with the blood Over-heating of the Spirits is the cause of quick and great pulsation there is great motion of the Heart and Arteries not so much because the spirits are hot and unquiet but because they then are sooner spent that what is suddenly lost may be suddenly repaired Whether it come from the external causes as the Fire or Fume or from internal and the rather if the Heart grow hot and continue so as in a Feaver Or if the heat come from motion of the body or exercise in heat Or when the mind is so affected that not only the Spirits are troubled but set on fire thereby as in anger Or when all these concur As we knew a Noble man that playing at Tennis was so hot and angry and so moved in the Pulsation and Respiration that he could not recollect himself nor could the motion cease but he died suddenly When the Arteries are too full of blood and too much dilated thereby in regard they ought not to be filled as the Veins are that there may be room for the Vital spirits the Pulsation which before was not perceived when moderate is felt by the Patient and that vehement Diastole about the Heart and great Arteries mentioned in the Palpitation of the Heart is raised Especially when the blood floweth to the left Ventricle of the Heart and to its Ear which may be much enlarged to the great Artery whereby they are too full and extended And it ceaseth when it flows from those parts and doth not more lift them up and dilate them Or it molesteth continually if an Artery be so dilated as Fernelius observed Yea that the great Tumor called Aneurisma doth follow And if this Aneurisma be within in any part of the great Artery or in the breast Throat under the Ribs or in the Ear of the Heart which wil be very much stretched it causeth a perpetual Pulsation as an external Aneurism and is the cause of that Palpitation of Heart which lasteth so long and kils so many as some have observed in Anatomy It is plain that this Palpitation comes from plenty of Arterial blood Plenty and heat of Arterial blood that fils the Arteries causeth palpitation of Heart because the Arteries have nothing else in them And Galen seems to grant it when he saies all such are cured or eased by bleeding And this pulsation is greater by how much the blood and the spirits mixed therewith which fill the Arteries are the hotter Fernelius witnesseth that he saw such blood in the Arteries burnt like black choller And we prove that that cholerick hot blood is gathered in the Mesaraick Arteries and and sent to the great Arteries by these Arguments Because as such juyce as is frequently bred in the mesaraick Veins from meat and drink doth inflame pollute the blood being carried from the branches of the Gate-vein to the hollow vein so doth it get into the mesaraick Arteries which are joyned to those Veins and so into the greater Arteries and so to the Heart and so filleth them and doth what is mentioned And the rather because these mesaraick Arteries are branches of the great Artery but the meseraick Veins come not from the hollow Vein nor are joyned to it but by the substance of the hinder Hence is this Disease so usual in Virgins from the stoppage of their Courses which begets an evil habit and in those that have Hypochondriack Melancholy In which as the fulness and foulness of the Venal and Arterial blood causeth Cachexy and Melancholy so do they cause palpitation of the Heart and Arteries Some say this may be from Wind filling the Arteries which we cannot allow because none hath observed that the Veins can be filled therewith Nor do we grant that vapors gathered about the Midriff Spleen or Womb and so sent into the Arteries and Heart or a thick vapor shut into the Heart that came from another place as some have written can so fill it that they may cause this Pulsation As for other causes of palpitation of which they write especially wind or water in the Pericardium we count them not the true cause of Palpitation but of some fluctuation when the body is moved as may appear by the noise in the breast as we shal shew in preternatural Swoons in the body Other Diseases of the Heart besides these mentioned may cause it to move inordinately and quicker as heat that moves the Spirits and disperseth them and too great Repletion by the blood of the Arteries Such are those that so offend the Heart it moveth violently to cast them off rather by a natural sensation than by feeling which the Heart wanteth A Venemous quality from within or without A malign quality stirs up the Heart to palpitation doth cause palpitation or any malignity in the arterial blood which fils the Arteries causeth the same by stretching them and by troubling the Heart I understood that one who died of a continual Trembling of the Heart had a Bone or Gristle found in his Heart The Cure That Palpitation which comes from vehement motion of mind or body The Cure when it comes from vehement motion or Heat ceaseth when they cease as we shewed in Short-breathing which is joyned therewith But when many causes concur it is dangerous as we shewed When it comes from plenty of blood it is dangerous and lasting Cure of Palpitation of heart and troublesom by continual motion but wasting of the Spirits many have dyed hereof others have long been troubled therewith many have been cured by removing the cause And because the Cause is commonly about the Meseraick Vessels which are distributed in the natural parts and there is the plethory and filth it is cured as Cachexy Cachochymie and Hypochondriack Melancholly which are usualy joyned therewith By preventing too great increase of Blood Humors and Wind and such humors as chiefly abound by purging of Choler and strengthening the natural parts and mixing Cordials with all things And in regard it is hard to evacuate the conjunct cause in the Artesies and Heart we must strengthen them with Cordials Thus. Letting of blood except some thing hinder is good according to Galen
Oyl of Roses Cold air Cures thirst by cooling the Lungs if it come from them and by correcting the heat of the whol body in regard the Tunicle of the Mouth and of the stomach are all one Baths for the Feet and Hands of cold water and change of Linnen doth the same Also Epithems applied to the Liver and Heart And anoynting of the Throat and Neck with Oyl of Violets Water-lillies Willows Poppies Some anoynt the Head in Feavers with the same because the Nerves of the Head consent with the stomach but I suppose it doth good by provoking sleep Hippocrates saith that sleep slaketh thirst not because it moistneth as some say but because heat is carried outward by sleep as appeareth by sweating which is then most easie to be cause Rest is good because it keeps the body cool And also little talk for much increaseth thirst CHAP. XIV Of Defect of Bleeding The Kinds THe wants of bleeding which is divers waies at set times differ first in respect of the place as they are not or not sufficient either from the womb Fundament or Nostrils or the like A suppression of the Terms is when the monthly Evacuation of women Stoppage of Terms by the womb for forty years in which they are fit to bear Children is wanting and they are neither with Child nor give suck Some women but it is rare never have them and without inconvenience these are Virago'es because they are like men Others have had them but they stopped and never returned Some have wanted them a whol year or some months In whom Laziness presageth Diseases Then follows heart pain want of Appetite and loathing with inclination to Vomite Palpitation of heart and Arteries Head-ach troublsome dreams palness of face and crudity of urin discovereth it And as these are preternatural in Plethory and Cacochymy so are they Natural in Women with Child whose Terms are stopped they vomit in the first month Also suppression of Terms is when they flow too slowly for the constitution in less quantity or shorter time then is meet This causeth inconveniences There is another flux of the womb after Child-bearing that is necessary Want of cleansing after child-bearing and continueth some dayes more abundant then the monthly the blood is called Lochia If these flow not they cause great Diseases Colick and Convulsion There is a flux at the Fundament in both sexes called Haemorrhoids Stoppage of Haemorroids in some Natures either once in a year or at a certain time this is said to be stopped when it hath been and is called suppression of Hemorrhoids Physitians explain this defect chiefly when there are other accidents from the retention of them as Cacochymy Cachexy Quartan Feaver Melancholly and the like The Patient disdaining the Flux Complains not of the want of it but when he is Pained by the swollen Veins which cannot open which are called the blind Hemorrhoids Some have a natural Evacuation at the Nose The want of bleeding at Nose at a set time which are young and Plethorick and bleed at no other part as women that want their terms that are with child or Virgins before they have them And hither may be refer'd the critical evacuations in Diseases If any of these are stopped the Physitian must endeavor to procure them If blood flow another way though somtimes it doth good Defect of bleeding by other parts yet in regard it is not so according to nature it belongs to the defect of Natural bleeding if it stop The Causes The defect of these bleedings is either from the want or foulness of blood or from the stoppage or straitness of the Veins Women fit to conceive must have more blood then is fit to nourish the body to nourish the Child if they do conceive 〈◊〉 to be purged forth at the end of the month if they conceive not If this plenty of blood be wanting or not sufficient there is little or no Flux of the Terms And though this want of blood may come from divers causes yet all do not cause this suppression There are Women but few in which as nature before they are ripe to conceive A manly Constitution is the cause of suppression of Terms breeds no more blood then will nourish the body so she keeps the same course when they are fit to conceive these are barren and without other inconveniences These are called Virago'es from their manlike constitution From want of juyce of which blood should be made Spare Diet causeth the same the Terms flow less rather then cease because nature keeps the the same order when blood doth not abound Yet there may be a defect of Terms from long fasting or use of bad meats so that the body may grow very lean In sharp Diseases the blood being spent by violent heat Blood sent another way causeth want of Terms and Hemorrhoids if it continue long the same may be but being short it rather causeth a Flux then stops and often in a Crisis cureth the Disease And great Fluxes by provoking the expulsive faculty provoke the Terms except they be bloody and then they hinder as the Terms hinder them and bleeding at the Nose So these Fluxes are stopped by deriving of the blood to another part And the cheif cause of suppression of Humorrhoids is when nature retaines or sends it otherwaies Thickness of blood causeth also suppression of Terms and Hemorrhoids when it will not flow being too thick from the juyce of meats eaten or want of serum to carry it And this is the cause that in Cachectickes Thickness of blood causeth suppression of Terms and Hydropicks the Terms are stopt the serum or whey sweats through the Veins and when a Vein is opened the blood is thick and if it stand like red or white Coral Crude and impure blood Crudities and impurity of blood causeth suppression of Terms if it be thick as it will be when it is cold as we have observed with a thick skin at the top or foul will not flow by the Terms for the purest blood is sent to nourish the Child and to breed milk If therefore it be foul or there be obstructious then the Terms are wanting Therefore Cachectickes Leucophlegmaticks or Virgins in the Green-sickness while their blood is bad have not the Terms but when it is putrified have Hence it appears that this natural flux of the Terms is not for to discharge foul blood according to the vulgar error which will rather hinder it if it abound And it is not from the quality of blood that is evil but from the quantity abounding And it is preternatural when it is immoderate or without order And we shall shew that women after they are past the Terms may so bleed And though the impurity of the blood cause the Flux of the Hemorrhoids it is no argument why the Terms should flow from impurity naturally for they differ greatly for though foul blood be usually
distemper which may cause a Feaver in tender bodies or an Inflamation or Erysipelas of divers forts according to the variety of the Flux if it enflame it begets a Feaver in which the inflamed blood somtimes falling out of the vessels as hereafter we shal shew may renew the old or cause new inflammations These feavers are simple and pure not putrid and as the heat of the Disease is they increase or abate and end before it be quite over except there be a suppuration or a new pain or putrefaction These symptomatical feavers are in divers hot Diseases of the Bowels Membranes and other parts And the more vehement or long as the Disease is neerer to the Heart and the parts adjacent or great Veins or as the heat is greater or the body by nature more hot as in Infants who have a Feaver many times only by the breeding of Teeth They are milder and shorter when they are from the fountain of heat or outwardly in these there is little heat but horror and somtimes not that The Cholerick humor being most hot A cholerick disease is the cause of the symptomatical Feaver of the Ephemera or Synochus seldom causeth these kind of feavers But when it is not in its proper place where it doth no hurt nor mixed with the blood nor qualified with the Whey which so tempereth it that it cannot produce a feaver as we observe in the Jaundies but separated into sensible parts the Stomach and Guts and gets into their substance causing Erysipelas about the Belly the fever Lipyria in which the inward parts burn with intollerable heat and pain as Aetius observes about those parts and great thirst except it be cast forth by nature it fires all the parts adjacent with the blood and Spirits and causeth small feavers which follow such Diseases These we often see in the disease of Choller when it is vomited and purged and in the Dysentery and in the Colick coming from Choller and Erysipelas in the Guts as we shal shew And they cannot be great feavers because their cause is far from the Heart and lodgeth about the Meseraick Veins If Blood inflamed from the causes aforesaid Some Blood inflamed sent out of the vessels into other parts causeth a Synoch primary accompanied get out of the great vessels into any part internal or external and inflame the heart and cause a Feaver as it usually doth by its plenty heat or thinness or impurity either at the beginning of a Feaver or after by the force of Nature as in the Crisis of these Feavers we may see by their bleeding at the Nose Then it causeth a new disease in the part where it comes and a Feaver which is accompanied therewith but not symptomatical because it follows not the Disease but goes before it as I shal shew And these observe not the course of other simple Feavers but being increased or abated by the accidents of the Disease they are longer or shorter greater or less And when nature hath sent a good quantity of burning blood from the Veins thy are not so hot nor so thirsty nor ful of Head-ach as in solitary Feavers And this chiefly when the blood flows into the bowels or superficies of the body Sometimes this flux of blood in Feavers is into the Bowels capable thereof The effusion of inflamed blood into the inward pars is the cause of Synochus accompanied with Inflammation of the Bowels especially such as are most fleshy and bloody and ful of Veins joyning to the great Veins and neer to the Heart and chiefly into the Lungs which it inflameth and causeth a Peripneumonia and somtimes Pleurisie as shal be said These Inflammations go not before the Feavers because the Feavers shew themselves before there is a pricking pain or signs of Inflammation with horror and heat following and sometimes go some hours afore Nor are they caused by those inflammations but as they were first raised from Feavers and increased by a new heat in some part neer the Heart which shews that the Feaver did not there first begin and that is not putrid as others thought because the heat rais'd from the Inflammation increaseth the feaver rather by its quantity then filthy quality Nor doth it acquire or get any putrefaction from the inflammation especially when it first comes except the blood suppurate and then as Hyppocrates saith it is increased But we suppose this may be rather from the pain that is then increased and not a new putrid feaver from a putrid exhalation because it presently ceaseth Except this happen from an Ulcer that follows these inflammations as when a Pleurisie or Peripneumony turns into Phthisis the feaver being turned into a putrid symptomatical Hectick or from blood which is putrified and sent out of the Veins as I shal shew in putrid feavers These happen as in the Lungs from the situation and for to receive the flux So may inflammations which follow these feavers and increase them be from blood in a Synoch sent into the Liver or Spleen because they are boody parts and have large vessels These feavers in all the said inflammations of bowels are longer than other solitary Synochs in respect of the Disease accompanying them And they vary as the inflammations are true as Phlegmons from whence some are called Phlegmonodes Or Erysipelas wherein the feaver is more sharp called Typhodeis though this name be proper to the feaver in the Erysipelas of the Liver As the feavers from the Erysipelas of the Lungs are called Crymodes The same may come from blood sent into the brain in feavers which hath large cavities and is easily filled And then an inflammation of the Brain is joyned with the fearver which turns suddenly with doting into a Pleurisie with a pain of the Head which went before and caused blood to come thither and makes the feaver more dangerous and violent This may be also in the Stomach Guts Womb Bladder when the blood is sent thither in feavers But when another way which leads into the fleshy parts being membranous have only meseraick veins or are far from the great vessels and the Heart it comes to pass that when these parts are inflamed by pain which comes quickly to such sensible parts that the feavers rather follow the Inflammation than go before them and are as is said symptomatical As that inflammation which is in fleshy parts which are not so sensible of pain comes from the feavers and is a symptom of them These Feavers send blood from the veins into other internal parts Inflamed blood sent into the habit of the body causeth a Synoch these inflammations are red and painful as in the muscles of the Neck and Glandules and maketh inflammations in the mouth Tongue and Jaws and Quinsie And though they begin not from feavers but other causes yet when a feaver comes they increase Somtimes these feavers go before pains and swellings of the Gout when Nature by them drives blood
into the Joynts and then they are red and swollen except the tumor lie very low So that such as are inclined to the Gout being easily taken with this Feaver Nature being used to disburden her self into the outward parts joynts or skin are subject to these Diseases Also albeit these feavers go before Defluxions or Catarrhs and promote them yet because they do it not by affording matter to them but by moving the flux with their heat they are not differing from solitary feavers though they may also be joyned with other diseases Nature doth often discharge blood into the superficies of the body Inflamed blood in a Feaver sent to the superficies of the body is the cause of Synoch with a Botch Erysipelas smal Pox Measles or Carbuncle the Skin especially Glandules and internal Membranes in these Synochs and cause there Redness Heat Tumors or Pustles sooner or later and as the blood is Pure Thin Thick Yellow Black or Waterish or impute yet not putrid as we shall shew the Tumor and Heat and Pain are different This Difference is chiesly in respect of Tumors and Pustles These Feavers often produce Tumors or Redness called Carbuncles These are so usual to some Natures by reason of the Heat Thinness and Waterishness of the blood or Impurity that they have them upon the least occasion at certain times if the blood be but a little inflamed nor do they spare old or gouty people They are diary as we shewed and a Tumor follows them seldom the same day but two or three daies after either in the Glandules of the great Veins in the Groyns Arm-pits and Chine if blood go along with them And these are with pain and sometimes with inflammation The blood often falling into the lowest parts of the Legs there is often an itching and then a burning in the Ankles and after a redness with Yellow or Black as the blood is in thickness if it be an Erysipelas Somtimes it swels and is inflamed if it be an Erysipelas with a Flegmon when better blood flows thither and if the blood bewaterish the whol Leg swels with an oedematous Erysipelas These have a Bubo or swelling in the Groyn going before them the feaver commonly abates at their coming forth so that former Writers were deceived that thought the feavers began with them and were symptoms to them which are the contrary for the feavers appeared before there was sign of inflammations And if the Glandules only swel there is no great heat and it cannot be from a feaver The smal Pox though it be usual in malignant feavers are somtimes in pure feavers And the Measles in Infants by reason of the fulness of blood or disposition to be inflamed they come forth the third or fourth day but in a pure feaver they are not infectious and depart themselves Nature labors also to do the same in Synochs not putrid if the blood be black which it desires to expel by a Carbuncle not pestilential either alone or with a Bubo And many fear they have the Plague through ignorance A Heat mixed with Foulness first raised from putrid humors or parts of the body A putrid heat causeth putrid Feavers and so carried to the Heart and inflaming it and sent from thence to all the parts of the body causeth putrid feavers which continue or return while the putrid vapors or humor go to the Heart which they wil do because they are bred in the Veins and Arteries by which they may be directly carried therunto For these go to the heart with great Orifices conveighing humors and spirits into it and they cannot be carried another way For if a stinking Vapor couldpass the the cavity of the Breast another way into the Heart to inflame it we should alwaies have a Feaver from the vapors sent from the Excrements which though thin and hot so that they may be let flie and burned to flame yet cannot reach the upper parts to infect them unless it be by making a stinking breath As we shall shew And although a poyson or venemous quality can reach the heart wheresoever it is bred or by any passage yet these vapors bred in a thick putrid matter constrained to a certain place but by the manifest passages aforesaid By which means as a simple heat sent to the heart in the spirits and blood causeth a pure simple Feaver so doth a putrid vapour or matter by the same way cause a putrid Feaver which is divers according to the divers places in which the matter is bred which matter also is not alwayes of the same Nature The stinking Matter is either bred in the veins or arteries or out of the vessels in the humor of some part or substance thereof The Humors that cause putrid Feavers either putrifie in the vessels that is the veins and arteries either continued to the heart or in them that are not joyned by continuity to the heart but can send a vapour by vessels that are continued And this is cause why among putrid Feavers some are continual others intermitting The vessels continued to the Heart are the Veins and Arteries except the Mesaraicks Foulness of blood in the vessels continued to the Heart is the cause of putrid continual Feavers If any humor putrifie in these being largest and dispersed through the whol body because the way is open to the Heart the vapor and part of the humor go to the Heart and sets it on fire causing continual feavers because the cause is included in the vessels These if they kill not by the vehemency of the cause and the Disease or melt the body with heat go slowly off and and continue til the heat of the Feaver hath consumed the mattter by Vapors and Nature hath made Concoction of it and discharged it by a perfect Crisis The humor putrifying in the vessels is blood which being too hot and moist easily putrifieth as we may observe by it out of the vessels But all wil not putrifie but from a great fault but a little only some remaining good though by reason of the Disease and fasting the Patient gets no new and this is separated from the bad into other places And if it were mixed and grew hot yet it did not stink but the filth being separated it returns to its former purity As we observe in letting blood it flows somtimes pure somtimes impure and somtimes confused or mixed Moreover though blood hath divers parts yet one cannot be corrupted alone but all is made thinner thicker or fatter rather than cruder which cannot make perfect blood as I shewed for the blood in the Veins is made of them not distinct but confused or mixed though they seem divided in cold blood and there is no part of blood but is made of them This is manifest by the Urin and Sweat when the serum is putrified Hence are divers sorts of putrid feavers not because divers parts thereof called humors as Blood Flegm Choller or Melancholly are
corrupted but from the place in which the humors putrifie and the diversity of the blood so corrupted There are distinct Feavers in respect of the place wherein the humor corrupteth first in the respect of the veins and arteries The corrupt Blood that causeth putrid Feavers is constantly in the branches of the hollow Vein and in the greatest of them in which more may be contained and from which the Heart may be sooner reached which cannot be done in the least branches Therefore in the trunk of the hollow Vein which passeth upwards and downwards from the Heart by the Back-bone or in the great branches that come from it into Throat and Groyns this corruption of blood being contained and alwaies disturbing the heart it causeth divers putrid feavers as the filth is nearer or further the Heart Any corruption near the Heart which sends it self Corruption of blood in the hollow Vein near the Heart is the cause of putrid Synoch causon Leipyria or vapors to it maketh a Synoch feaver which increaseth or decreaseth or stands at a stay according to the corruption And in a causon or bruning feaver because its heat is near the Heart there is no manifest change because the heat is equal especially when the heat is at the height and cannot be raised but by death Yet the Patient may find about the Breast Midriff Back where the corruption lodgeth a burning which troubleth the Heart and parts adjacent And this is the cause why in a Leipyria which is a sort of causon that the inward parts do burn When the corruption is in the branches of the hollow Vein distant from the Heart Blood corrupted in the hollow Vein remote from the heart is the cause of a Synoch exasperated because it causeth not so much heating it begets Feavers with fits which have different heat For when the Vapors whose matter is forced of are hindered by the long passages and cannot come in order and the same measure to the Heart it comes to pass when it is increased it comes with more violence and encreaseth both the heat and fits without horror as at the first because the feaver was before These fits go away when the Vapors are discussed but not the feaver for heat once kindled although the cause abate cannot thereby be extinguished as we shewed concerning simple heat from an external cause which cause being removed the Feaver ceaseth not till the Heart return to its former temper And this is the true cause of fits which come somtimes twice in a day when the stinking vapor is much and not far off and the other day once because the day before some part was discussed and keep or change their course in respect of the cause which acteth Also when the cause is far of or is less the fits come every third day at first and so continue for a time seldom the fourth or every other day For which causes these putrid continual Feavers are called ordinate or inordinate quotidians Tertians or quarrans But in those whose cause lurketh in the Veins remote from the Heart there is a heaviness or pain or burning in the part where the matter lodgeth in the Neck Loynes or Joynts There is alwaies a pain of the heart also not that the matter lodgeth there but from the hot Vapors Also in all these putrid Feavers whether the matter be near or far from the Heart A Portion of putrid blood which causeth a putrid Feaver sent from the hollow Vein into other parts causeth continual Feavers accompanied with other Diseases a part of it may be forced by nature out of the Veins as in pure Feavers by which she is disburdned into some internal or external parts producing Tumors Pustles or Spots which are not signes of Inflamation but Putrefaction As in Children the smal Pox and Meazles break forth as Fernelius saith plentifully in a Feaver like a putrid Synoch but they are not infections but in Malignant Feavers It is a question whether blood can thus corrupt in the Arteries to cause Feavers Corruption of blood in the great Artery causeth a burning Feaver For it being hot and spritful may easily burne and conveigh a a simple pure Feaver to the Heart but it can scarse alone or seperated from the blood of the hollow Vein which is very pure be corrupted though with it it may or be infected by neighboring humors especially because vapors that come from putrid blood are carried that way to the Heart both in putrid and intermitting Feavers But if corruption should be in the Arteries from the causes aforesaid the feaver will be most violent as in a causon when corruption is in the trunk of the great Artery near the Heart These feavers also differ in respect of the blood in respect of its temper or distemper before it caused them Temperate blood which offendeth only in quantity and which is not naturally inclined to putrefaction if it corrupt Corruption of temperate blood in the Vessels is the cause of a putrid Synoch causeth a putrid Synoch which is either made so from a Simple Synoch wherein the blood was first inflamed and then corrupted or from the external causes at the first Therefore some call the beginning of them putrid Ephemera which come from outward Causes But we because this putrid heat ends not in one or somtimes many dayes as a simple doth cannot call the ephemeral but putrid Synochus because in them the heat is milder then in other continual putrid Feavers and more equal from the temper of the blood having no fits from the equality of the blood and because being near the heart in the great vessels it is first afflicted with the external causes and so the heart beats with an even Pulse As we shewed If the blood be distempered Corruption of hot blood in the Vessels causeth a burning Feaver before it corrupt it must be hotter then ordinary for if it be too cold or crude it rather causeth Cachexy or ill habit of Body then Feavers And if it be so Corruption of hot blood in the hollow Veins and Arteries near the Heart causeth a melting Feaver before the feaver come whether it be too thin or too thick or corrupted it causeth Inflamation and the more when it is in the Arteries or any place near the Heart hence come burning feavers continuing in the same state so violently burning that except they kill the substance of the Heart is melted away therewith and dryed so that the whol body consumeth as we shewed in a melting feaver Praeternatural Heat or fault in the blood is the antecedent Cause of Corruption of it in the Veins If the blood beinflamed with heat we shewed that it caused diary feavers within a sanguine and full Body as we shewed in a simple Synoch except the heat abate of it self or by cooling medicines cause a suppuration either in the blood or in the parts So that the mass of blood being corrupted by long
of it for nourishing the membranes be pure it is waterish and some part thick it is full of excrementitious Humors that pass with the Chyle and being purged from these in the second concoction it is sent into the hollow Vein These excrementitious Humors seem whey-like and cholerick for Serum or Whey coming from much drink and moist food and passing through the Meseraicks and carrying with it other crude humors passeth in greater quantity to the emulgent Veins and so to the Reins and Bladder The cholerick Matter rifing from Meats and Drinks mixed with Blood is first purged by the liver and then sent to the Gall. Besides these two Humors for which nature hath made two receptacles we can find none nor can we by reason or sense perceive that the Spleen was ordained for that purpose Therfore a putrefaction in the Meseraicks nor in the hollow Vein cannot be distinct in any part of this blood or in the excrements mixed therewith but must needs corrupt the whol mass And if it come to the height that it sends most hot vapors which only can reach the Heart then it produceth these fevers Nor can they come from a crude or waterish blood which wil not so corrupt and grow so hot to send such vapors but other Diseases may As when the matter which aboundeth in this blood is cholerick and is not sufficiently clensed in the Gall but makes the blood too cholerick and putrifieth it then causeth intermitting Fevers by hot and subtile vapors sent to the Heart And for this cause we affirm that this blood corrupted with yellow or black Choler such as we have seen voided by the Haemorrhoids in the Cure of such fevers and Children have voided abundantly by stool causeth these intermitting fevers Thus The cholerick blood being long in the Veins before it produce a fever at length corrupting and swelling and burning about the Midriff and sending forth dry vapors which first offend the sensible Nervous parts by pricking the expulsive faculty causeth cold at the beginning of the fit the heat being sent in with the blood and when nature strives to shake off that which offendeth yawning chilness shaking as we may observe in other places when any sharp matter strikes upon sensile parts the body shivereth also Vomiting is often in the beginning from the stirring up of the expulsive faculty These are at the beginning but after when the Vapor from the Midriff ascending to the Heart by the waies aforesaid enflameth it a heat follows and the cold and shaking ceaseth except the Vapor go so soon to the Heart that the heat appears before the cold be gone and there be both heat and cold at the same time as in the fever Epialis This heat being raised from the Midriff the whol body is inflamed a great thirstand other accidents from heat continue so long til the Vapors being discussed by insensible transpiration or sweat the fever departs or intermits so long til new matter corrupting in time of rest cause as many vapors as may make a new fit And this course of fits continueth till all that matter which was apt to corrupt be taken away by help of Nature and the Physitian for in every fit part of that cholerick matter corrupted is turned into a Vapor discussed by heat or sweat out or pissed forth the Urin being after the fits yellow red sharp and stinking sometimes the whol Disease is dissolved by sweat and if any thick part of the choler stick in the skin there followeth the Maunge or Scab or the like somtimes by vomiting flegm and choler sent into the Stomach from the Gall is voided by whâ—ch the cause is taken away and the Ague cured These are by Art or Nature separating the feverish matter from the blood in the Meseraicks and the Vomits and Stools are bloody often when there is a Cure but it is dangerous because the way is not ordinary except the cause of the fever come forth with blood at the Haemorrhoids by these means we have seen quartans cured which could not be by other bleeding which draws from the branches of the hollow vein only and the Meseraicks only appear at the Haemmorrhoids Nor can the cause be so taken away except when the branches of the hollow vein are emptied theseverish matter gets into them out of the Meseraicks But if there be such a passage and the putrid blood be mixed with that in the branches of the hollow Vein an intermitting fever is made a Continual as I have often seen by unseasonable blood-letting when the cholerick matter is purged from the blood and the blood tempered with serum and carried thereby into the branches of the hollow vein and so into the habit of the body and Urin which it tinctureth then the fever either ceaseth with the Jaundies if the the whol cause be carried thither Sometimes this matter isinfused into the fibres or smal veins of the Guts and produceth Erysipelas and Colicks the fever ceasing or not as the matter is wholly or in part carried away from whence if Convulsions arise they are dangerous as I shewed Fernelius saies that he found a pound of this cholerick matter about the Membrane of the Liver and the Nerves of the Back in one that he dissected after his death of a Fever Therfore if cholerick blood corrupt in the Meseraicks it is the true cause of all intermitting fevers they come and go by reason of stoppage of the way to the Heart and thinness of the Vapors The diversity of them comes from the diversity of the place and matter The matter of this putrifying cholerick blood is not alwaies the same but as we see choller separated from the blood is now yellow now green and black thicker or thinner so is this divers in the Mesaraicks especially thinner or thicker The Corruption of thin choller in this blood before it can cause a feaver Corruption of thin blood in the Mesaraicks causeth an intermitting Tertian exquisite when pure Nothus or Bastard tertian when impure must be three daies after the first Corruption is discussed hence it is called a Tertian which comes every third day And if as much be corrupted as before it comes at the same hour or if more be corrupted it comes one hour or two sooner when less corruption or matter for it remaineth the fits are later and the feaver decaies But as this chollerick matter is pure or impure the course of the whol feaver and its fits varieth Pure Choler which is mixed with blood being hot makes an exquisite Tertian and because the vapors are sooner discussed the fits are shorter and the feaver lasteth scarce seven fits by reason of the quick motion of the matter If it be impure mixed rather with crude than flegmatick humors and blood it causeth a bastard tertian in which the fits are longer more disorderly and the fever longer because the matter is much and unequal If the Choller be thick and burnt Corruption
of thick blood in the Mesaracauseth an intermitting quartan or sextan exquisite or Nothus as the mater is pure or impure because it is longer corrupting it requires a longer time to get to the Heart to make a fever therefore the fit is not til the fourth day and it is called a Quartan This comes sooner or later is exquisite or bastard hath a shorter or longer course for the same cause that a Tertian from which in heat and other accidents it is much different only by reason of thickness of the humor it is longer and worse to be abated And if the matter grow so tough that it corrupteth not under five or six daies to send up vapors that cause a feaver then these feavers which are rare are called quintans or sextans These vary according to the place as the matter is in one or divers places If in the same it putrifie the feaver is a simple-tertian or quartan exquisite or Nothus in respect of the matter If in divers places it wil be either in the Mesaraicks only or also in the branches of the hollow vein If Choller corrupt in the Meseraicks only not in one but two or three places about the Liver The cause of a double tertian or triple quartan or confused is when thin blood putrifieth in one place and thick in another place of the Mesaraicks Spleen Mesentery or Caul the feaver is double or treble and one ceasing another follows the the next day or the same Hence it is that Quotidians are not as some talk from flegm though they cannot prove it for they are double tertians or treble quartans which have every day a fit or more for I observed in a double bastard tertian two fits in a day and three in twenty four hours And to these may the double quartanes which come two daies and intermit one be referd and as these are when Choller of the same nature corrupts in divers places And when the Choller is divers in divers places as thick in one thin in another there are Tertians mixed confusedly with Quartans divers daies These are known by their symptoms If blood corrupt not only in the Mesaraicks but Branches of the hollow Vein Asemi tertian is caused by corrnption of blood in the Mesaraicks and vessels continued to the Heart at the same time then there is a continual with an intermitting feaver called a semi tertian where in respect of the diversity of the matter tertians or quartans single or double bastard or legitimate are joyned with a continual feaver that either hath no fits or upon certain daies Hence it is that the feaver is alwaies either with sharpness from the continual or fits from the tertian The antecedent cause of this corruption in the humors of the Meseraicks which causeth fevers is either efficient or adjuvant The efficient is meat and drink by which hot sharp chollerick or burnt juvce is bred in the stomach or first passages This being long gathered nor wel separated from the blood but in the Mesaraicks or another place or divers when it corrupteth it causeth feavers agreeable to its humor shorter or longer or otherwise differing This juyce comes from food that hath such in it self or gets it by corruption These have sharp chollerick juyce Onions Garlick Leeks Rotten Cheese and like naturally By corruption these turn into such juyce especially in hot stomachs Sweet things which easily turn into choler and fat Raw fruits by eating whereof in Autumn come Dysenteries or bloody fluxes from choller and also quartans Also other moist meats as Eggs and Milk which nourish much by corruption turn into sharpest choller of which this filth proceeding if it be not purged it is carried into the Veins and gets feavers though the vulgar impute them to other causes The cause adjuvant is the disposition of body in respect of constitution or season They who are hot and chollerick are soonest taken and they of middle age and Infants by intemperance and have the matter from the Womb like black chollerick blood and bring these feavers into the world with them Somtimes they suck them from their Nurse as March 27. 1640. I had a Son born in the seventh month when the Mother had the third fit of a bastard tertian which had at first the feaver at the same time with the Mother and two sits after it had sucked and in the third with some light Couvulsions it departed being not fourteen daies old Sometimes old men have them but they are seldom The hottest time of the yeer and when the diet is worst is the time to get Agues in Autum tertians and quartans are usual by reason of the Summer Diet in Spring and Summer Tertians are frequent Putrefaction out of the Veins and Arteries causeth feavers Corruption out of the Vessels is the cause of gentle symptomatical Feavers when it sends evil vapors or corruption to the Heart and afflicteth it with a stinking heat hence come symptomatical feavers which follow a disease caused by this cortuption These are gentle and unequal because the matter out of the vessels cannot send to the Heart so much as when it is in the vessels nor keep that order these are quicker or slower to the tast as the matter is either in a Natural or Pretertatural humor or a Natural or preternatural body or part thereof When a few humors contained out of the vessels corrupt without the putrefaction of the parts containining they cause putied feavers Corruption of some humors out of the vessels causeth gentle symptomatical Feavers Some say all humors whether hot or moist being corrupted out of the vessels wil cause it but this we shal examin These are hot viz. natural blood falling out of the Veins and divers cholerick excrements These are moist the waterish and flegmatick humor If blood flow from the veins into any part and cause inflammation it causeth only a pure symptomatical fever and not a putrid though it corrupt except the part corrupt also But if blood coming from veins open or broken congeal and by continuance corrupt especially in great quantity and in a place neer the Heart as in the breast and Lungs then putrid but gentle Fevers follow these Affects or Diseases but seldom when it is in the stomach or Guts because it cannot stay long there or in the Reins or Bladder because the Urine washeth it away If either that Choler which comes from the Mesaraicks into the Gall or Spleen to be purged as they say or that which breeds in the stomach of things eaten either corrupt in its own place or in another some think it begets putrid Fevers if yellow Tertians if black quartans exquisite or Nothus as it is pure or mixed But we not observing any such black Choler in the substance of the Spleen and perceiving no Gall or Bladder to receive it as there is for the yellow Choler in the Liver and knowing that the use of the Spleen is more excellent
than to be the Receiver of Melancholy nor finding any other black Choler than that which is made of the yellow cannot be convinced that such a humor in the Spleen can produce either quartan or other Agues And if they call the melancholick juyce corrupted so and make it the cause of a quartane we wil not grant that to be in the substance of the Spleen or elswhere distinct from the blood whose dreg it is But if they understand by it the thickest part of the blood in that they confirm our Opinion which teacheth that some of the blood in the Mesaraicks corrupting causeth intermitting fevers because Faeculent blood is rather in the great Veins of the Mesaraicks than in the smal of the Spleen by reason of the plenty of Arteries filled with thin rather than thick blood In which Mesaraicks if corruption in the dregs of blood causeth quartans as they grant then they must confess that the cause of Tertians is from the same blood but in a divers part as we shewed But we do not affirm either excrementitious choler gathered out of the Veins whether yellow green or black to be the cause of intermitting fevers if it putrifie in regard it is a very hot and sharp humor being in the Belly especially if it corrupt or be heated more and it causeth rather Colicks Heart-pains Vomitings and Cholerick fluxes by pulling the parts than Fevers except by inflammation through pain there be a little fever which seldom follows these Diseases And if it be so hot it cannot stay so long to raise corrupt vapors and send them to the Heart to cause a fever but this being moved and hot by a feverish heat brings forth accidents that signifie Choler as we shewed of which the fever is rather the cause than Choler the Cause of of the Fever which being naturally mixed with the excrements and corrupting with them and sending stinking vapors doth not infect the superior parts They say that superfluous flegm in the Stomach Guts Mesentery and about the Bowels corrupting causeth Agues called Quotidians and if it be glassie or sharp Epiala's And some say that the corruption of waterish flegm causeth a gentle Fever in Dropsies called Leucophlegm and Cachecticks But how can slegm which is cold get so much heat from putrefaction that it may produce sharp and hot vapors to cause Fevers because if it be long kept and the part be hot it wil turn rather slimy than putrid And no Authors mention any kind of putrid flegm moreover these Fevers answer to the three humors excrementitious as they say viz. to Flegm Choler and Melancholy And there is another cause of Epiala in which heat and cold are both at a time As for the waterish flegm that brings a Fever we shal shew treating of the serum that serum is the cause there of and not flegm For as Serum or Whey washeth the blood and by its moisture allay's the heat and the Choler in the Blood in the Jaundies So when it is mixed in the Meseraicks with Cholerick blood putrified in a great quantity it causeth lingring and long bastard Fevers But this Whey being separated from the blood into the Abdomen that is Belly or Breast or under the Skin and there contained a long time corrupting and turning stinking and sharp as we have often seen it green and stinking when it hath been let out in Dropsies It causeth little Feavers especially when it is near the Heart being hot and thin and corrupting the parts that contain it Such Feavers are in Virgins that have the green sickness saith Fernelius Fleshy moist Bodies because they easily corrupt and so have a preternatural heat beget putrid Fever caused by the humors which are out of their vessels whether they be Natural as parts of the Body or contained in the Body as a dead Child or Secundine or preternatural as Worms Corruption of some parts of the body Corruption of some parts causeth gentle symptomatical Feavers causeth gentle putrid Fevers if any part of the corruption or Vapor from it get to the heart And these are of long continuance especially if there be corruption of any noble part or neer the Heart by which means viz. the continuance of the Fever and corruption of the part the body consumeth This corruption begins from some humor fixed and stinking corroding or infecting the part Or from an Ulcer or Imposthume after Inflammation or outward hurt or a Vein broken We shal shew the reason why this falling in some parts causeth Fevers in others not In the Phthisis or Consumption the Lungs are usuallyulcerated corrupt and filthy and consumed for the most part and the heart being constantly by their neerness infected there is a gentle symptomatical Fever which turns into an Hectick which from the loss of a noble part makes the whol body lean and destroyeth it Corruption of the Liver and Spleen by reason their substance is alike cometh from the same causes in both which we find often after Death with great stink and it brings lingring symptomatical Fevers which produce Atrophy and Cachexy and the vulgar take to be Hecticks from the want of blood most usual in Virgins and Children such Children may have at the time of sucking and in the smal Pox when they refuse drink and want moisture to cool them the Liver growing hot hard or swollen Corruption of the Reins causeth no constant Fever because it goes away by Urin neither doth the body pine away for if one Kidney be consumed the other wil officiate for it so a man may be long preserved The Brain and the Heart being noble parts cannot be corrupted to produce a Fever while a man is living Though Ulcers have been observed in the Heart which have caused Death before a Fever Also corruption in the Membranous parts about the Stomach Guts Bladder and Womb the Mesentery and Cawl causeth a lingring Fever Also in any part of the body inward or outward and the farther from the Heart the corruption is the more uneven is the Fever and intermitting If the Child in the Womb with the Secundine joyned by the Vessels to the Womb be putrified and continue til the Womb be infected and other adjacent parts as I have seen there is a Fever of the same sort which disturbeth the body after a divers manner and is long if the Patient die not Also preternatural things bred in the body Corruption of preternatural bodies causeth lingring symptomatical Fevers as Worms or Flesh joyn to other parts corrupting and infecting other parts produce the same Fevers which shake and consume the body but not except they corrupt albeit Infants that have live Worms are feverish and it is like a Synoch from an external cause sharp not gentle and as that hath other accidents so in this Children have Worms A great heat with a malignant quality strikeing the Heart gets constant malignant Fevers and if it infect others contagious thus differing as the heat
comes only from malignity or corruption with malignity Corruption with a malignant quality A malignant putrid heat causeth putrid malignant Fevers not only offending the Heart by it self as we shewed in putrid Fevers but with malignity causeth malignant and contagious but not pestilential Fevers these are in Infants in the Meazles and smal Pox seldom in men but in them it causeth common Epidemical Fevers without Bubo or Carbuncle or great symptoms but Head-ach and doting which destroy We shal shew how this corruption gets malignity and in what place and what is the cause thereof The place in which this corruption is bred is the same in which simple corruption is bred in the vessels of the hollow Vein or in the Meseraicks or without them and it is as I shewed in the same humors and bodies If blood corrupt in the great vessels of the hollow Veiu Corruption of blood in the vessels that go to the Heart causeth putrid malignant continual Fevers and of divers sorts from the same causes as other putrid Fevers are divers and hath a venemous quality which is communicated to the heart by the vessels as we shewed in putrid Fevers disturbing it with stinking and malignant heat it causeth continual Fevers dangerous for two qualities In which if Nature send any of that malignant blood into the pores of the Skin or the Membranes it causeth Spots and Pimples smal Pox and Measles aforesaid but if not nothing breaks forth but some small spots which declare the secret venom and Death But then these Fevers differ in respect of the corruption and malignity which meet together The fevers that come from putrefaction of blood are like putrid Synochs and other continual Fevers and as the blood corrupted was temperate or distempered or is neer the Heart or farther off the symptoms are better or worse and the whol course of the Disease varieth Hence some of these are like Synochs and have no strong Fits as in Children of the small Pox when Nature sends the filth forth the Fever is milder In malignant Fevers in men if the Corruption be not great and apear not in Urin or Blood there is great heat and accidents following And if the Corruption increase in an intemperate body neer the Heart or other princcipal part then it begins with Horror and Heat as other continual Fevers and somtimes it is like a Causon or burning Fever in the symptomes From a malign quality joyned with Corruption if it prevail and weaken the Heart in regard Nature being hindered cannot valiantly and in order encounter the Disease it happens these fevers whether less or greater or more hot keep not a certain motion nor time by which they are to be known Yet somtimes they end with a Crisis Those like Synochs putrid end not so but by filth sent forth as in the small Pox. Choler in the Meseraicks if it be malignant as wel as putrid it produceth intermitting malignant Fevers if it be green blew or black and venemous Nature offended therewith presently labors to expel it by fluxes or Vomits and a malignant intermiting Fever is seldom seen but if it come by the long reteining of that malignity those Stools or Vomitings are deadly When humors corrupt out of the Vessels in regard they can scarce produce simple Fevers If malignity happen it begets not putrid malignant Fevers but swounings Convulsions and other accidents and if there be venom which of it self causeth Fevers without putrefaction then it begets such Fevers which may come only from malignity of which hereafter The cause of this malignant quality in the blood joyned to Corruption from whence these putrid malignant Fevers arise is either from things about us or things taken in and retained Air or other bodies about us if they be not only unclean but malignant and we receive the malignity by breath or touching to infect the blood then it produceth these Fevers especially when the blood was foul before When it comes from things about us it comes from great changes or exhalations Change of Seasons or inordinate great and sudden tempests foreshewed by Meteors going afore or then appearing or demonstrated rather than caused cause these faults in the Air which produce these malignant epidemical Fevers like the Plague Among these is a wet spring with much Southerly Wind. Exhalations stinking and venemous coming from the Earth Ditches or Pools and the excrements of living Creatures formerly infected as sweat breath bodies pollute the Air to infect the body and cause these Fevers most common to them that live in the place from whence the seed of the infection sprang Corrupt Diet which not only fouls the blood but is malignant if it offend the blood caused by it both waies makes not only simple but malignant Fevers such as they have who have been in a Famine as the Greek Proverb is After a Famine comes a Plague Corrupt blood long retained in the body as when it is sent out of the Veins into some part and turns venemous causeth such symptoms as they have who are stung with venemous Beasts Also Blood corrupted in the Veins and growing old where it cannot produce a Fever and malignant causeth not only putrid Fevers but malignant and spotted Fevers these are in some men of impure constitutions when there is no epidemical Fever that have been il disposed a long time before This malignity is known by the sudden failing of strength spots and other signs of secret poyson Al so Infants though Nature presently casts forth the venom have such Fevers from the same cause by which they cast off the filth of blood they brought with them and after they renew their bodies by Scabs and Itch and other natural purgations This came not only from the Mothers Courses as they suppose because the Child is not nourished in the Womb with impure but good blood and the excrements gathered to the time of bringing forth after the Child is born are sent forth by stool not only red and green but black But there may be new corruption and venom from change of Diet. A malignant quality alone and without corruption may cause a Fever pestilential and venemous A malignant heat is the only cause of malignant Fevers This quality is seldom seen in the body but a Corruption went afore it to which it is joyned such as hath power to strike the Heatt as soon as it is taken and to infect it and the whol body spirits humors and parts getting Fevers like Ephemâ—â—a's or Synochs with great weakness alone or joyned with other Dâ—eases But these Fevers differ in respect of the Poyson taken in For there are divers sorts of Poysons which strike at divers parts of the body and afflict the Heart and some inflame it and cause Fevers and indeed we cannot declare what this propriety is but we know by the effect that it doth so We shal therefore make two kinds of poysons which cause Fevers from the diversity of
Disease is moistening and cooling because they are hot and dry But because the heat is not alwaies the same in every kind of Fever and the causes divers the Cure must be divers The chief kinds are solitary or alone Fevers without another Disease and these are simple or compound or accompanied with another Disease The Cure differs according to the Cause of these three kinds of Fevers They are simple solitary Fevers which are of one kind under which are divers sorts in respect of the divers Causes for which the Cure is different When they come from a simple or single heat they are pure and single called Ephemeral and Synochs when from a putrid heat they are Putrid Continual and Intermitting When from a malignant heat they are Putrid Malignant Pestilential and Venemous When from a fixed heat they are Hecticks To these eight kinds we shal prescribe particular Cures An Ephemeral Fever Pure Single or Alone The Cure of an Ephemeral Fever ends of it self many times the first day before twenty four hours pass and brings no danger If it continue longer by some error or greatness of the Cause it turns to a Synoch seldom to a Hectick To prevent which they must be thus ordered by Altering and Evacuating means For the Evacuation of the matter which is thin and and sooty and dissolves and breaks forth by heat increased by the pores insensibly or Sweat we shal help Nature those waies for shee wil of her self do it if shee be not hindred By keeping the body warm lest the Vapor be struk in By giving no meat before the Fever decline lest we hinder Natures motion or very little and that when the body is weak By giving to drink sometimes such things as help transpiration or sweat as we shal shew in the Synoch accompanied If the Belly be loose there is less danger of its turning into a Synoch this is better done by Clysters and Suppositories than by other means If the Fever come from a Surfet or Wine especially a Vomit wil not be amiss Altering things in regard the heat is small are not many If the Air be too hot in the Chamber it must not be too much cooled but qualified lest we increase the Fever by sudden sending the heat to the Heart or by stopping transpiration or sweating And we refresh them with moderate drinking if they thirst by which they wil sweat better A simple pure Synoch if it be alone The Cure of a Synoch not putrid although the heat be great if it be wel ordered departs the third or fourth day at the farthest without hurt either by transpiration or Sweat If not it turns to a Putrid or a Hectick But usually when some blood gets out of the Veins it produceth Erysipelas Bubo or inward Inflammations as we shal shew in treating of Synoch accompanied To prevent these betimes while the the Fever is solitary especially lest Inflammations should arise which are very dangerous we study speedily to quench the blood and keep it from going out of the Veins and discuss whatsoever is turned into Vapors and to correct the greatest accidents By the things following observing the constitution whether it be sanguine or cholerick Blood-letting is the first thing to cool that Inflammation and to draw it from falling into noble parts and causing dangerous Inflammations Fontanonus therefore saith it must be done quickly and by so saying he affirms my Opinion that these Inflammations go not before but follow a Synoch Therefore in plethorick persons it must be done speedily if it were omitted the first day expecting an Ephemera the next because the Fever remaining concludes it to be a Synoch And a general Vein opened and a great quantity taken away even to swounding in strong plethorick persons as Galen saith Or which is safest it must be done often In cholerick and yong persons it must be used sparingly if there be danger of Inflammation I fear not to open a Vein in a Child of ten yeers old Purging is to no purpose because it takes away none of the Cause and only inflames the body But before blood-letting it is good to loose the Belly By a Clyster is the quickest way and it also cooleth Thus Take of the four emollient Herbs each one handful Lettice half a handful Barly a pugil boyl them add Cassia one ounce or juyce of Beets and Lettice each half an ounce Honey Butter each an ounce with a little Salt make a Clyster And this may be given again after bleeding if the body be bound Or give two ounces of Syrup of Violets or Roses with water or simple Diaprunes or other gentle Electuaries by which the Cacochymie or evil juyce is diminished If Nature be accustomed to it and tend that way a Vomit may be allowed especially if the Fever come from a Surfet of Wine or Eating or the like And if Choler be hot and troublesome in the Stomach it will help much We give also things to quench the heat of the blood or allay it and to thicken it that it may not get out of the Veins easily these are actually or potentially cold and such as keep away putrefaction which blood inflamed is easily turn'd into to prevent a Putrid Synoch They are sharp or four things which do both cool and hinder Putrefaction and are excellent when Choler is much inflamed Also they take away the bitterness of the Mouth and Thirst These are in divers formes Drinking of cold water is good to allay the heat of Blood This done in abundance to satiety and blood-letting till they faint was accounted sufficient for the Cure But custom and constitution must regulate the quantity of these Crude or boyled Water with Barley a little Vinegar or Juyce of Pomegranates Lemmons or the like to sharpen it is good to be given instead of Drink Also distilled Waters of Purslane and Sorrel with the Decoction of Barley or the Decoction of Lentiles which is best when an Erysipelas appears to send the matter forth Also Juleps of Syrup of Currants Pomegranats Lemmons Sorrel Citrons or Jujubes are good mixed with Waters to thicken the blood as those usual of Roses Violets Maidenhair If the Belly be bound Thus. Take Syrup or Julep of Violets the one is made of the Juyce the other of the Water of Violets each one ounce and an half Syrup of Ribes or Currans one ounce Barley water six ounces Bugloss and Sorrel water each two ounces make a Julep with a little Cinnamon or Galangal to sweeten it If the Belly be too loose Take the Alexandrine Julep or Julep of Roses which by reason of the Rose water astringeth the Syrup loosen two ounces the Decoction of Barley four ounces drink often You may give a spoonful or two of the syrups aforesaid Put Oyl of Vitriol some drops in Water to make it sharp for a Julep And the Chymists commend in these fevers the Spirit of Niter and the Salt called Lapis Prunella or Crystal Mineral
This is a principal Remedy because the Cause lurketh in the Blood and in the branches of the hollow Vein from whence the blood is drawn for with the blood some corruption is taken away as we may plainly see at the first bleeding for nature throws some of the cause of the Fever into the great Veins in the skin which makes them swel where it is most and perceiving this at the first opening of the Vein I ever thought it best to open the Vein which swelled rather than another because they all come in one place from the hollow Vein against the Throat and the Chirurgeons may use this observation rather than those of the the signs in Heaven Also hereby is the Heat abated The time for bleeding is the beginning of the fever to hinder the increase of the Discases and to take away some of the Cause while there is strength And if it be neglected at first it may be done in the increase But in the state and heigth which is sometime sooner or later we must avoid it lest we hinder the motion of Nature For as Hippocrates saith if any thing be to move let it be moved in the beginning but when the Disease is at a stand be quiet The quantity of blood must be taken according to the cause and the Disease As for the Cause if the blood be foul let it run if not stop it sooner And if the foulness was not seen when it ran forth being hot as it appears when cold and congealed at it again if need require and again if there be no hinderance and the strength permits In respect of the Disease measure the blood also in a putrid Synoch or in a simple which is in a Plethorick body loose much blood And in a Causon or burning Feaver by reason of great heat although they condemne it who suppose it to come from pure choller which we deny In other Feavers as the heat is more or less bleed more or less observing the constitution and strength The accidents removed by bleeding are Head-ach and Doting which are usual in these Feavers and the vulgar observe most In which because the matter is carried to the Head after a general Blood-letting bleed at the Feet and scarifie in the extream parts to make revulsion And to derive the matter open the Vein of the Fore-head especially in a Delirium or under the Tongue especially when you fear Inflammation in the Neck Jawes or Tongue Also Scarification is good in the Neck and Shoulders Somtimes we purge the Humors and Excrements to prepare and remove the cause that nourisheth increaseth and also produced the Feaver The cause may be the retention of Excrements in the Guts and Stomack These may two waies hurt first if they be many the Veins being empty by bleeding take filth from the Meseraicks which they drew from the Guts Therefore before blood-letting we loosen the Belly Secondly if we will purge humors and the Excrements of the Belly be not first cleansed nor the body as Hippocrates saith made fluid the Medicine will be hindered by them and take less of the rest away And therefore we give Laxatives afore purges But thirdly and chiefly in regard there are divers putrid and chollerick Excrements in the Belly if they be long kept by their stinking vapors they will increase the heat of the Heart or the parts near which they can reach unto for as we shew'd they cannot come to the Heart and so make the Feaver and its Symptoms especialy thirst and Head-ach greater Therefore it is good to prevent costiveness all the time of the Disease with giving Laxatives Such as may cleanse and not inflame temperate and moist and cooling In these following forms Clysters work soonest and are best and therefore we give them before bleeding which must not be delayed These by moisture wash the Guts and provoke not nor inflame as things given at the Mouth and they bind not after as usually they do And they may be given the whol time of the disease if there be costiveness by reason of heat when we dare not stir up nature with other things as in the state of the Disease Make an easie loosning moistning cleansing cooling Clysters thus Take Barley and Bran each a pugil Mallows Violets each two handfuls Housleek three or four leaves boyl them and in a pint dissolve Honey two spoonfuls Salt butter three spoonfuls juyce of Beets one ounce Make a Clyster The following is more pricking and cleansing Take the four Emollients Blites Spinach Beets Cole Lettice each an handful Marsh-mallow roots one ounce Pellitory and Mercury each half an handful Prunes ten Linseed half an ounce Gourd seeds half an ounce bruised instead of Cold seed which are usually musty boyl them and in a pint dissolve red Sugar and Honey each one ounce these cleanse and resist corruption Oyl of Violets three ounces two yolkes of Egs Cassia or Diapruns simple one ounce Turpentine of the larke Tree dissolved with the yolk of an Egg two drams this is most pricking with a little Salt Make a Clyster When you will cool more as in a Causon Take the Emollients Lettice Purslane Housleek and Endive each one handful flowers of Violets Water-lillies and Barley each a pugil Gourd seeds half an ounce Melon seeds two drams sweet Prunes ten boyl them and in a pint dissolve red Sugar one ounce Honey of Violets one ounce and an half Cassia half an ounce juyce of Lettice an ounce with a little Salt make a Clyster If the party be flegmatick or old and the Feaver not violent such as they called a Quotidian continual then choose more temperate things and mix gently hot things and more abstergents or clensers Thus Take Mallows Pellitory Mercury Beets each one handful Barley and Bran a pugil Raysons and Figs each twelve pair Fennel and Carua seed each one dram and an half Cordial and Chamomil flowers each a pugil boyl them and in a pint dissolve Honey of Roses and red Sugar each two ounces juyce of Beets or Mercury one ounce Oyl of Chamomil and Violets each an ounce and an half with a little Salt make a Clyster Suppositories may be instead of Clysters if they cannot be given these will provoke nature to thrust out the Excrements the common is that of Honey and Salt or that of Figs or yolks of Egs and Salt or a Sugar Violet comfit for Children Things are given to loosen before bleeding and purging Thus In a Bolus As Take Cassia new drawn pulp of Tamarinds each half an ounce with Sugar or without it make a Bolus Or Take Diacatholicon Diaprunes simple each three drams with Sugar make a Bolus In a Potion Thus for the Delicate ladies Take Manna one ounce and an half give it in Pease broath Or Take Damask Prunes ten Raysons stoned half an ounce Dates four Cordial flowers one pugil Gourd seeds half an ounce Melon seeds bruised two drams make a Decoction dissolve Cassia syrup of Roses solutive
continue made with cold things to abate heat and thin to make humors thick and that resist putrefaction and that cleanse adding alwaies openers that the Humors may pass Urin Sweat or Stools And these are the better when they suppress heat and are prepared for the Heart and Liver which two parts are most hot These preparatives are given according to the cause and constitution of the sick In a burning Feaver called Causon which is an acute Disease and grants not long truce we purge and alter with the coldest things In Synochus which is usually in sanguin persons prepare the Humors thus Take syrup of Lemons or of the juyce of Citrons syrup of Vinegar and Violets each one ounce and an half water of Sorrel Endive Purslane Bugloss each two ounces mix them give it three daies together Or thus Take syrup of Pomegranats Lemons and Sorrel each an ounce of water Lillies half an ounce Violet water Lilly and Lettice water each two ounces Or thus Take syrup of juyces of Endive Plantane and Purslane each half an ounce Endive Plantane and Purslane water each two ounces syrup of Currans half an ounce In a Tertian and in Cholerick bodies the same things are good because they allay Choler Or thus Take syrup of Sorrel Vinegar and Violets each an ounce water of Sorrel Bugloss and Endive of each two ounces drink it two or three daies In Quotidians and Phlegmatick bodies and old folk Take Honey of Roses Oxymel syrup Bizantine each an ounce waters of Maidenhair Succory and Grass each two ounces In quartans and Melancholick bodies Take syrup of Violets Bugloss Borrage and Fumitory of each an ounce Purslane Fumitory Bugloss and Borrage water each an ounce and an half make a Julep for three draughts all these may be mixed with the Pouder of Sanders or you may give after every draught a Lozenge of Trionsantalon or Diarhodon Urin must be provoked and sweat for when the matter is concocted and prepared nature doth usually send it out those waies these are done by Aperitives which make thin but you must observe whether nature moveth by Urin or Sweat most if they piss more then they drink or the Urin be thick or if they Sweat you must provoke that way most to which nature inclines The Divreticks which open and attenuate must not be not but moderated howsoever with cooling things And somtimes purgers may be mixed therewith if the body be bound It is done by this Decoction Take roots of Succory and Grass each an ounce Liquorish Fennel and Parsley each half an ounce Maidenhair and Endive each an handful Polypody roots six drams Senna half an ounce Annis seeds a dram of the great and smal Cold seeds each half a dram Cordial flowers a pugil Parsley seeds half a dram boyl them dissolve in the Liquor the sryup of the opening Roots two ounces syrup of Roses one ounce make a Potion for twice Things that only provoke Urin may be given three or four times and then the purgers again If nature provoke Urin you may leave out the purgers least you hinder her intention The Decoction of Sparagus in broath provokes Urin and juyce of Pomegranats And this Julep Take syrup Bizantive of Endive each an ounce water of Endive Maidenhair Wormwood each an ounce If you will open more Take Honey of Roses Oxymel syrup of Maidenhair each seven drams Water or Decoction of Grass roots Sparagus Succory each an ounce Make an Emulsion to provoke Urin thus Take seeds of Gourds half an ounce Melon seeds two drams Cowcumber Pompion Endive and Purslane seeds each a dram beat them and with Endive water make an Emulsion with syrup of Sorrel one ounce and an half The simple Emulsion of the Cold seeds is also good to take away waterish Humors Pills for to provoke Urin are made thus Take the troches of Roses Eupatorium each half a dram of Cappars in Melancholick persons a scruple with Smalage water make Pills give them every other day drinking after a little Barley and Fennel water Fontanonus gives water of Maidenhair with Barley and Fennel water only If nature incline to sweat as she doth about the decliuing of the disease she must be helped by art The Diureticks aforesaid by opening and making thin do help and other Drinks and Juleps Stilled waters alone being very thin are usually given as we shewed in a simple Synoch to which the Chymists add spirits of Vitriol two or three drops or spirit of Niter or of Salt which strongly resist putrefation Anoynting of the Back and other parts causeth sweat Thus Take Oyl of Chamomil and Dill each half an ounce Oyl of Violets and sweet Almonds each an ounce wet your Hands first in Aqua vitae and then use it Friction is good also to draw the matter outward Altering Medicines are such as cool and moisten the heat of the fever and resist putrefaction These strike at the Cause and mend the symptoms that come from heat as Head-ach Watching Restlesness Therefore use Coolers and Moisteners in all Fevers especially Violent when the blood is burnt and putrid Sharp things are best for they cool and resist putrefaction also if you add things that open Obstructions But there you must not cool suddenly as in a simple Synoch but by degrees lest Concoction of humors be hindred which cannot be made with Coolers only for the corrupt part ought to be concocted This is done by the means following For ordinary drink water is desired and is good to cool moisten and allay thirst it is given Crude or Boyled or prepared It may be given Crude if the Stomach be not weak some wil not give it til the humors are prepared Sometimes there is much given at a Draught as in a Causon or Synoch or Tertian to quench the great heat and some by sweating thereupon have been presently cured And lest it be overcome by the heat of the stomach and turned into Choler as they say they give it often And Averroes saith that he saved many times by giving four pints before Concoction And if there be any hurt perceived by it Vomiting cureth it and laying hot cloths to the belly Boyled Water is better than crude in a weak Stomach because it is not so windy Somtimes it is compounded with things that nourish and resist putrefaction and make it pierce or otherwise correct it Barley is accounted the best of Nourishers and Coolers Therefore we give Barley-water which nourisheth very little in a good quantity Bread beaten in Water til it be white makes it nourishing Salt-peter beaten with the white of an Egg in a Spring-water makes a cooling Drink that resists putrefaction And so doth a little Sugar used the same way Almonds made like Milke with Water in a Mortar is usual in Germany But it nourisheth too much and must not be given in great quantity because little nourishment is required and it is better for Food than a Julep to quench thirst with cold seeds it makes
good Emulsion Things that resist Putrefaction are usually sharp and sweet Sharp things also cool and are very delightful Galen puts a little Vinegar in Water and juyce of Pomegranates Wine of Pomegranates or the like is also commended Also sharp Syrups mixed with Waters as of Vinegar Sorrel Lemmons Citrons Currants sour Grapes Pomegranats Apples and four Plums and sharp Cherries are good Things very sharp may be given if there be a Flux as Syrup of Barberries The Waters to make the Juleps are of Endive Lettice Succory Sorrel and Roses if you will bind Some sweet things resist putrefaction and Sugar more than Honey which easily turns into Choler but because usually they hate sweet things therefore add Syrups that are sweet and sour Also the Decoction of Currans is usual and good Somtimes we add Correctors of Crudities when they are weak the heat of which is overcome by the plenty of the Water Cinnamon is most usual being sweet either boyled or infused or Coriander seed boyled or Galangal red Saunders is good to cozen the Patients when they expect Wine especially if there be a little Pomegranate Wine to give it a scent There are divers Potions and Juleps which alter and correct the distemper of the humor and whol body to be given all along mentioned among the Prepatatives And this Decoction Take roots of Succory Asparagus each an ounce Endive Lettice Purslane Liverwort Ducks-meat each one handful Bugloss and Burrage flowers each a pugil Barley a pugil Gourd seeds half an ounce Fleabane seeds which are very cold a dram boyl them add Sugar and Vinegar boyl them to a middle consistence between a Water and a Syrup give two or three ounees alone or with others Or thus Take Endive Succory Sorrel Liverwort each a handful Barley a pugil make a Decoction strain them add Vinegar for the Poor and Syrups for the Rich. Or thus Take syrup of Sorrel two ounces the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds half an ounce give three spoonfull often Sick People refuse solid things to be eaten and had rather have Drinks for their thirst but for variety they may take sometimes dried Confections as the Tablets of Trionsantalon or the three Sanders Or these Take pouder of the three Sanders one dram Diarrhodon one scruple the Troches of Camphire half a scruple red Coral half a dram Conserve of Roses Violets Bugloss each half a dram with Sugar dissolved in Rose or Endive water make Tablets give them morning and evening and Endive water after them Soft Electuaries made of Conserves are given the day after purging to strengthen and correct the heat caused by the medicine and in the whol course of the fever Thus made Take Conserve of Roses Bugloss Violets each half a dram with Sugar or Rob of Ribes make a Bolus This is pleasanter Take Conserve of Roses and Sorrel each an ounce of candied Citrons Lettice stalks and Gourds each half an ounce with Syrup of Ribes make an Electuary give it often and thereupon a little Endive Sorrel or Bugloss water Clysters when they are bound are good to loosen and to bring the humors into the Guts and for to alter but because they cannot be given cold they are not so good as other things to cool the Stomach and whol body and quench thirst they are better to loosen than cool They are mentioned among the Looseners This is best to cool Take Lettice Purslane Violets Mallows Housleek each an handful Barley a pugil and an half Cordial flowers a pugil Guoard seeds half an ounce boyl them add Oyl of Violets three ounces Honey of Violets two ounces Diaprunis or Cassia an ounce make a Clyster Things may be given in the meat to nourish and cool or for sawce but the Pacient must rather have them in drink though the Vulgar love to be cramming them Boyl Lettice Sorrel Purslane Burrage Endive in Broath and Spinach or Arrach or Laxative herbs if need require it is pleasant and good to take Savory broath made with Sorrel Spinach and Arrach and with an Egg and a little sharp Wine or Vinegar and Water beaten and boyled a little pour it upon Sippets of Bread Or boyl these forms in Broath Take Lettice and Sorrel seed each adram Melon seed two drams Trionsantalon half a dram Coral a dram Diamargariton frigidum a dram and a half make them as big as Fetches Make sawces of Orenges Lemmons Cherries Pomegranats Ribes unripe Grapes Barberries dried Prunes a little boyled or stoned sharp Apples and Lemmons with Sugar and Rose-water Also of the juyce of Sorrel Vinegar and Sugar and pickled Purslane with the juyce of Secalis in the Spring with crums of bread Vinegar Cinnamon and a little Ginger is good sawce Outward things are to be regarded as Air. That must be very cold by nature or Art for it is actually and potentially cooling for the Lungs which being neer the heart refresheth it much It is allowed for breathing but not to be naked in as the Patients desire in the extremity of heat lest the sweat be struk in Besides the body must not be inflamed with too many cloaths especially Feathers or Furs and therefore it is good to change the Sheets and Shirts and Bed and lay a Leather upon the Pillow And to keep away the Sun and company especially at noon to keep out the Air and not let it in but when cool To sprinkle the Chamber with Water and Vinegar Flowers and cool herbs Willow leaves Vine leaves and Water Lillies To the Heart Liver and Kidnies apply coolers and to the Brain in time of Head-ach and Doting by reason of heat and to those parts which consent with the Head as the Stones The Heart must be cooled at first in a burning Fever in others in the increase after the matter is evacuated because all the parts are inflamed from thence adding alwaies things that properly refresh this noble part and can carry the vertue to it These are to be applied to the Breast or Wrists in form of Epithems or Oyntments and to other parts where the Arteries beat They are thus made In a Causon apply an Epithem presently to the Heart As Take Rose water two ounces Violet Bugloss and Lettice water each an ounce Scabious water half an ounce Vinegar of Roses or Clove Gilliflowers half an ounce juyce of Lemmons or sour Apples two drams Diamargariton frigidum a dram mix them for an Epithem apply it with Scarlet if the heat be great cold or otherwise warm Another Take Rose water two ounces Sorrel Bugloss Violet and Water Lilly water each an ounce Water of Scabious Balm Vinegar White Wine each half an ouncr juyce of Lemmons or Orenges or Apples two drams Sanders one dram Ivory and Harts-horn each half a dram red Coral and precious Stones each two scruples Pearl half a seruple Crystal half a dram Saffron half a scruple make an Epithem for the Heart and Pulses Or bind this Bag to the Wrists and Feet Take Flowers of red Roses
othertimes to permit it according to age custome and as they are well or ill after it that it be not immoderate or unseasonable And if the patient be long without sleep to give and apply things to provoke it Frictions instead of excercise in regard they cannot perform more do stir up the strength to expel the cause of the disease A resolute mind also not too sad especially confidence in God and his Minister the Physitian with hope of safety in this or the life to come is a great help to strength As for Medicines we have shewed restorers among the alterers which also hold up the strength besides which we have declared many in our treatise of Sowning and in swoning Feavers When the strength is wholly dejected give this julep Take Rose Bugloss and Scabious water each one ounce and an half Cinnamon water made with Wine for the heat thereof is not then to be feared half an ounce Species Diamargariton frigid half a dram strain them and add Manus christi perled one ounce juyce of Lemons one dram give a spoonful at a time Or thus Take Confectio Alkermes a dram if there be no loosness which will be provoked by the Lapis Lazuli in it syrup of Poppies half an ounce Cinnamon water two drams with Bugloss water give it somtimes with a little added The external things to be applied to the pulse and Heart are mentioned in the alterers As for the Symptoms many of them are mentioned in the Cure of the cause and the disease though some require a peculiar cure which shall be shewed in the practice but here we shall shew briefly how we are to proceed Head-ach and doting that follows presently after which are the chief are amended with the things that are given against the cause and the disease because they suppress vapors and burning in the Head Yet when they are strong we open the Vein under the Tongue and use Scarification Cupping and Frictions for revulsion And apply to the Head topicks at first to repel then to asswage pain and afterwards to discuss as we shewed in the Treatise of Head-ach We hinder too much watching or waking with sleeping Medicines and Narcoticks in time of necessity mixed with Cordials above mentioned and coolers to correct them because they would heat alone given and increase Head-ach If they sleep too much we take it off with revelling means Thirst is quencht with cold drink and sharp many give candied things which cause it by sweetness Also it is allayed as we shewed by sleep restlesness is abated with cold things especially drink and by changing the place which by continuance in they make hot and by taking cool Air. We shall shew hereafter the Cure of the Tongue Mouth and Jaws inflamed and the quinsie which is in Feavers also of the dryness and clamminess of the Mouth and blackness of the Tongue The pain of the Heart is cured by anoynting of the Stomach The Swoning as we shewed afore The heat of the Hypochondria or sides by things applied to the Liver and Reins as we shewed For the shortness of breath we anoynt the breast in a Diarrhaea or Flux we apply things to the belly and give inward things that bind without heat as syrup of quinces when the body is bound we give Laxatives If a Hectick is suspected from the leanness of the body we apply to the Heart and Breast Epithems and moistning Oyntments and give often the mentioned Cordials and such as shall be explained in the Cure of the Hectick Intermitting putrid Feavers are Tertians or quartans simple The Cure of intermitting putrid Feavers whereof some have one well day others two or double which come every other day and these are either equisite made of a simple Humor or bastard from mixed Humors of divers kinds We make no more kinds of these which others mention are either comprehended under these or not known we shall speak of Feavers Compounded of intermitting and continual by themselves The judgment of all these is more certain then of continual Feavers for as I say tertian are shorter if exquisite and in Summer or Spring but longer if bastard and begin in harvest quartanes are longest that begin in Autum they continue ordinarily six months and somtimes but three and by want of knowledg are kept somtimes a whol year All double Feavers keep their own nature These Feavers of themselves are not deadly although the exquisite are very sharp because their cause lycth far from the Heart in the lower belly about the Excrements as we shewed for whence also it may better be purged Except it be carried into the great Veins and cause a continual Feaver which is dangerous It hapens also often that if intermitting Feavers last long or come often that new diseases follow from hurt of the Liver Spleen Stomack and Guts and greater Symptoms as the Colick Jaundies Dropsie and the like by error of the Patient or Physitian We shall shew the Cure of all both Tertian and quartans Because they are all from the same cause that is choller and in the same place that is the Meseraicks although some have treated of them in respect of diversity of Humors natural and preternatural making bastard Tertians from Citrin yellow Choller which is mixed with thin flegm or from yolk-like Choller which is mixed with thick flegm calling both of them Tertians of greater fame and call the other a Tertian of less fame which is mixed with Melancholick juyce and prescribe a particular Cure for that which comes of green Choller like verdigreese And will have the divers bastard quartans from not only the burnt dregs of blood but from Choller and Flegm burnt And will have quotidians not only from simple flegm but sweet sower salt glassie called Epiala and Lipyria and say they come from that flegm mixed with Melancholly or Choller and teach a particular Cure for them all as also of Syncopal or Swouning Feavers as if they were divers kinds Hence come the many confused treaties of Feavers and the diversity of purges according to the diversity of humors that cause them as they suppose which if any should follow they may as soon Cure their patient by leaving the whol work to nature which often times doth it alone Therefore we shal speak of the Cure of all Agues or intermitting fevers together First shewing what is to be done by Evacuations to remove the Cause and by Alterers and Restorers or Stengtheners and to be observed in Diet. And last what is to be done to the Symptoms In respect of the Cause we must take it away or abate it by Evacuations which we shewed was putrid cholerick blood in the Mesaraick Veins And if thin be not first taken away they which go about by other means to hinder the fits and stop their course and the motion of Nature by which shee shakes off some of the Cause as most Empericks and unlearned Physitians do bring greater Diseases as Colick Jaundies
make Lozenges to be eaten on the well daies Sugar of Roses by it self or with other things is much commended and that called Manus Christi and Trionsantalon and Diacorallium In quartans for Melancholly Take species of Diarhodon Trionsantalon each half a dram Diamoschu half a scruple Laetificans Galeni half a scruple with Sugar dissolved in Rose or Bugloss water make Lozenges Soft Electuaries Take Conserves of Cordial flowers each an ounce Conserve of Hearts-tongue Maydenhair and Ceterach each half an ounce candied Citron peels two drams species of Diarrhodon Diatragacanth frigid and Diamargariton frigid each a scruple with the syrup of Citrons Or thus Take Diabuglossati and Diaboraginati each an ounce Letitiae Almasoris two drams species de Gemis Aromatici Rosati each half an ounce with syrup of Apples Or for Melancholy Take the four Cordial conserves each an ounce Species Cordial for meat fragments of precious Stones and Pearls each half a scrnple Gold leaves with syrup of Currans and Cherries or Sower Apples make an Electuary Cooling Pills Take Troches of Camphire two scruples with Vinegar make Pills give half a scruple Mollifying Clysters all the time of the Disease do alter And also moist Dyet Moist flesh as of young beasts Veal Pigs Kids Chickens boyled also brook Fish seasoned with Pepper In quartans rare Egs are good but in Cholierck stomachs they soon corrupt Grapes are very refreshing also Peaches and Pippins Give bread fopt in broath and Cream of Barley Make broath with Lettice Borrage and Bugloss in quartans with Endive and Sorrel such as we prescribed for continual putrid Feavers and give Bugloss water in broaths Make sawce of sower Grapes and Vinegar Capers and Olives well washt from the Salt and our Compound called in High-dutch Sumpist Also Confections of sower fruits and the same crude except there be other things that hinder or dryed and softned again are good Sallats also of Lettice and Vinegar and a little Oyl and Succory roots boyled and eaten with Oyl and Vinegar Let the Air be cool by nature or art Apply Epithems to cool the Liver Thus Take water of Succory and Endive each four ounces Wormwood water two ounces yellow Sanders and Roses each a scruple Spike half a scruple Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Then anoynt with the Cerot of Sanders Oyl of Violets washed with cold water each an ounce Spike half a scruple For the Heart this is a good Epithem Take Rose-water two ounces Borage and Bugloss water each an ounce Balm water half an ounce Vinegar of Roses six drams Cordial species or Diamargariton a dram Saffron a scruple Then anoynt the Heart and Pulses with this Take Treacle two drams Oyntment of water Lillies a dram juyce of Lemons half a dram Saffron and Camphire each five grains make a Liniment If the Reins be hot Take the mucilage of Flea bane seeds made with Rose water an ounce Sanders two drams Camphire half a scruple Oyl of Roses and Violets each an ounce with Virgins Wax make an Oyntment A moist Bath of moystning things is good in quartans to alter and is best out of the fit if the Ague hath been long Albeit the vulgar people fear to moisten in intermitting Feavers and if they walk but near a River they fear a â—elapse And therefore by old Wives superstition forbid any that are recovered to cross over a Bridge or go by Sea or in a Boat or walk upon new broken up or tilled ground wheras that moisting of the body in long Feavers when the heat a little abateth is good especially if there be a Consumption There must be a good course of Diet in respect of food Air Sleep and excercise to keep up strength if the Feaver be sharp least he fall or to hold him up if it be long The Air must be pure and free and somtimes perfumed Meat and Drink must be thin in the beginning of all intermitting Feavers In which Avicen teaches that hunger and thirst endured the first week conduceth much to the Cure And if they be long and Chronical as bastard Agues and quartans and they live sparing the first three weeks they are easily Cured Afterwards a fuller Diet is allowed and when the choller grows hotter in Tertians and quartans and they cannot endure fasting In the fit we give no food least nature should be hindered in concocting the matter of the Disease and least the food should be corrupted with preternatural heat and the Feaver increased for we see that after meat it doth as in Hecticks And then we deny nourishing drink if but of Barley in any quantity and Almond Milk especially when thick But if the patient be cholerick and thin bodied least choller should be enraged or an Hectick follow we allow even in the fit a little food as to Children in respect of custom Out of the fit Cholerick persons may eat in the declining of the Feaver and before it cometh two or three hours But in long Agues as quartans it is good to fast the whol day wherein they have their fit and let food be given six or seven hours before the fit or so long time before as a Concoction may be before it come And this is to be observed in double Feavers that come every day alwaies choosing that time of rest which is farthest from the fit and feeding presently after the fit because the Disease returnes soon And let it be easie of Digestion as we shewed in altering things and continual Feavers Wine is good in quartans and other bastard Agues because it refresheth but give it out of the fit at meat and not immoderately and if thirst be great give it with boyled water white thin and new Wine is best especially in cholerick persons old wine inflames you may give red Wine if it be clear and dasht with water Sleep refresheth in the declining of the fit as waking hurts and sleeping is hurtful in the beginning of the fit In quartans moderate excercise is good Passions of minde if sad and immoderte hurt and pleasant and moderate do good We have shewed what Medicines are fit to preserve and restore strength in the alterers The Symptoms abate and depart with the disease and if any of them be extraordinary the Cure thereof shall be regarded either by respecting all the accidents together by hindering the fit or by respecting that in perticular of which hereafter The Paroxysme or fit is when all the accidents from heat and cold appear and departt with the fit which fit and accidents if hindered there is a Cure in part that is of the Symptome not of the cause but of the evaporation or motion that inflames the Heart Things that take away chilness which is the first fit do this and then though heat follow the vulgar suppose the Ague to be cured or abated And somtimes it comes to pass that when shaking by which means the feaverish matter passeth through the Body is hindered then both the hot and cold fit are prevented
sweet Balsom Take distilled Oyl of Cloves and seeds or roots of Angelica five drops with white Wax and a little Mosch Anoynt Or with this Take juyce of Cardiaca and Balm each two drams dissolved Camphyre in Aqua vitae half a dram Saffron a scruple with Honey make a Liniment for the Pulses Not only Empericks but some learned men commend highly some poysons to be applied to the Heart to defend it from the Plague Mathiolus highly extols Oyl of Scorpions thus easily made Take two drams of right Oyl of Scorpions with Treacle a dram apply them to the Pulses with a clout Some add Rhubarb as the Oyl of Scorpions of Clemens Some commend this of Arsnic Take white and red Arsnic each equal parts make a Pouder add the white of an Egg or Mucilage of Traganth to make a hard Cake which must be carried about the Heart in a double Scarff Somtimes Arsnic is mixed with cordial Pouders thus Take fragments of precious stones coral Pearl and Hearts-horn each a dram Orris half an ounce Saffron a scruple white Arsnic an ounce Orpiment half an ounce make a Pouder for a Bag with a little Ambergreece Some do mix with good success two ounces of the Pouder of a Toad If the Liver be anoynted with Oyntments that cool and strengthen some think the body is safer from the plague Some hold it for a great secret to anoynt the Emunctuaries as the Arm-holes and Groins with Benzoin Storax Labdanum and Litharge Also to keep open old Ulcers is good in time of plague to preserve And an Issue in the Arm or Legg In the year 1564. a Monke at Leyden in time of the plague had a hole in his Cod with an Hellebore root kept open by which he preserved himself and perswaded others to use the same for safety Amulers are highly esteemed a Nut-shel filled with Quick-silver stopped and â—anged about the Neck This is commended by Marsilius Ficinus by many examples and by others some say it must touch the region of the Heart They think Saphires Smarradgs Hyacinths Unicorns horn and Ivory about the Neck do the same Also Five-leav'd grass and Dittany roots and Bettony with the roots held in the hand The Cure of a pestilential fever is divers according to the humor they suppose it comes from which they evacuate But we say it came from a pestiferous quality infecting the body and therefore aim at the opposing and altering that considering the age of the Person First we give a prognostick because all Plagues are dangerous and more die than live In which there is no hope and the Physitian labors in vain except in the space of twenty four hours Nature throws all or most part of the poyson from the Heart Spots are deadly when they appear because they are not critical Buboes and Carbuncles appearing give hopes of recovery Sudden loss of strength especially Swounding and outward cold are evil signs If a woman with child having the Plague miscarry as shee commonly doth shee dieth usually The Cure is by Nature and the Physitians help for many do recover Therefore we strike at the Disease keep up strength and correct symptomes We said the Disease was a venemous quality fixed in the Heart and so upon the whol body in the similar parts with a preternatural heat and fever Therefore we first labor to take away this quality from the Heart and the humors which increase the same And to alter the venemous force thereof and abate the heat Things that evacuate this poyson and put it from the heart and expel the humors that increase the fever must be used in this order and manner Blood-letting was the first and usual means And many perswaded themselves that much poyson was taken from the the heart thereby But it is a general rule that it must not be til ripe age And in women with Child not so much as in the Foot for fear of miscarrying for others I cannot perceive how bleeding can take the Venom from the heart or body when it is not conteined in the blood but it rather is a cause of drawing the Plague more inwardly the Veins being emptied Besides the motion of nature is hindered thereby which at first labors by Sweat and Pustles and swellings to expel it And the strength which should be kept to encounter with the Disease is lost Neither doth it bring so much good as hurt for taking away the cause or cooling the heat which is not very great in the Plague for the reasons aforesaid Therefore they are all to be blamed that observe not these circumstances but let blood rashly except in Children though Nature be laboring to sweat it forth or cast out Botches and though they see many die after bleeding they wil go on their road of bleeding presently and plentifully But we are to bleed only when the Plague is in a plethorick or cachectick body which causeth not a simple fever by plenty of blood but a putrid Synoch and then the heat and symptoms wil be abated And then it must be sparingly done to preserve strength and not at all except the repletion mentioned require it if there be weakness For we have often found by experience that more people in yeers have scaped that were not blooded than that were Some approve no bleeding but such as is til the Patient fainteth and brag of many that have been cured thereby We think it safer to omit it than rashly to use it and if it doth good it is more for the fever than the venemous quality which is not in the blood but comes to the heart from without and so cannot be expel'd by bleeding The time if it must be is at first within twenty four hours or not at all And if sweat appear as usualy it doth it must be defer'd til it be past and it must not be stop'd either by bleeding or nakedness which is required when the Vein is opened But when sweat is past and the Patient is refreshed with meat or medicine it may be done if need require or before sweat if it appear not nor must we stay to loosen the body first as at other times before bleeding for there is no dallying If pain be take blood from the side if not take the common Vein Open the Saphena or Vein in the Foot if there be a swelling in the groyn If it be above open the Arm or Hand-vein on that side If under the Arm-holes open the Basilick vein if under the Ears the Head vein if in the Face under the Tongue Some clap on Cupping-glasses to the Carbuncles before bleeding that the venom sent thither may stay there and be drawn inward by bleeding by which way we have known bleeding do much hurt And I have observed that Empericks have with very ill success raised blisters with Vesicatories upon the Botches at first appearance Some do draw the venom out at the orifice after bleeding apply Scordium or Jack of the hedg which is of
an Ulcer and the Thrush neglected In an Elephantiasis or Leprosie and in the French Pox though they use no Quick-silver and in the Scurvy by reason of their venemous quality as shal be shewed there are Ulcers in the Mouth and Jaws The Cure If Inflammation and preternatural heat of the parts of the mouth come from other Diseases The Cure of heat Inflammation of the Tongue Jaws Cheeks and Palate as Fevers they must be first cured as we shewed in Fevers by letting blood for the Fevers and Sweating and by cooling the Heart Liver and Reins restraining the corruption and preserving the strength But chiefly for the Tongue when much afflicted to prevent a Squinsie and Death by the Inflammation going to the Jaws open the Vein under the Tongue although you have let blood before for the Fever and use diversions by Cupping Scarifying Rubbing often and things that heat and keep down foul vapors and quench the great heat not only for the Fever but for the tongues sake Examples of which we shewed in Fevers In other Causes use diversions as in Fevers by bleeding and the like as when the Gums are inflamed in the Tooth-ach Lest the mouth be inflamed by the use of quicksilver before you apply it wash the mouth often with Milk fat Broath Butter or Oyl of sweet Almonds and anoynt the Tongue therewith If it be a simple heat wash the mouth with cold things and moisten it if it be dry and if you fear Inflammation Astringe and Repell adding Clensers by reason of the slime in the Mouth and somtimes Resisters of Venom and then use Digesters and Ripeners if it tend to an Imposthume We shewed in the hurt of Tasting what wil allay the heat and driness of the tongue When in the beginning of an Inflammation we will repel and cool together use these following Spring-water and Rain water astringe a little and Wine Vinegar or Rose Vinegar added to sharpen it Also waters of Violets Water-lillies Night-shade Purslane Lettice and these Astringents Rose water Plantane Privet Honey-suckle and Myrtle water chiefly water of Self-heal used with Vinegar or other waters for it cooleth not much of it self Thus Take water of Prunella or Self-heal four ounces Rose Plantane Straw-berry and Purslane water of each two ounces Rose Vinegar and Honey of Rose each an ounce with a little Allum or a drop or two of Spirit of Vitriol and then it will bind more Also sharp Juyces as of Mul-berries Bay-berries Grapes Cherries Oranges Limons Citrons and Sorrel with Vinegar or alone and the juyce of Lettice is counted best these may be chewed or the juyce taken often Or you may boyl the Fruits and wash the Mouth with the Decoction Or give the Juyces with Honey or alone Or the syrups made of them chiefly that of Mulberries may be mixed with Mouth water or licked In the French Pox syrup of Violets with the Decoction of Barley and Roses cureth the Inslammation The vulgar High-dutch use the distill'd water of that Liquor in which they pickle Cabbages called Sumpistbren or the liquor it self if it be shaken together To which you may add other juyces A cooling and repelling Decoction Take Violet leaves Lettice Plantane Prunella or Self-heal Willow Sorrel Vine Straw-berry each a handful red Roses Antirrhinum the great Mallows Barley each a pugil Gourd seeds two drams Bar-berries a dram soure Berries ten pair soure Prunes six boyl them in Water and sharp Wine add a little Sugar and Honey of Roses use ir so or with Juyces or Syrups Another more astringent Take Mouse-ear Privet Self-heal Plantane Brambles Myrtles each a handful red Roses Water-lilly Barley Vetches each a pugil Prunes or Cherries Cornil berries or Cervises or Quinces some few Bar-berries dryed an ounce boyl all in red Wine add Honey three ounces syrup of Pomegranats two ounces wash the Mouth therewith In the increase of the Inflammation add Digesters thus Take Liquorish an ounce Self-heal two handfuls Plantane a handful Hysop half a handful Mallow flowers red Roses each a pugil Sage and Rosemary flowers of each half a pugil Beans and Lentiles of each an ounce Fenugreek and Linseed each half an ounce Acron cups six drams Figs ten Raysons not stoned twenty pair boyl all in Water add a little Wine and two ounces of Honey syrup of dryed Roses an ounce syrup of Mul-berries half an ounce Or thus Take Self-heal two handsuls Ground-sil Cross-wort Honey-suckles Plantane Hysop Sage Maiden-hair each a handful red Roses a pugil Myrrh two drams a little Saffron and two ounces of Honey boyl them in Water add a little Allum Or thus Take Water of Self-heal six ounces Plantane Rose Sage and Hysop water each two ounces Honey of Roses and a little Allum I have done much in these Inflammations with deep Ulcers with Salt-peter prepared called Lapis prunellae dissolved in Sage water washing the Mouth warm therewith In Inflammations ready to ulcerate from the use of quick-silver some anoynt with Treacle Aqua vitae and Vinegar or distil a water of them and add Bole or other dryers by this they believe the Poyson of the quick-silver is taken away and they also wash with a Decoction of Lignum vitae When Inflammations tend to Maturation Take Marsh-mallow roots an ounce and an half Figs twelve Dates six Tamarinds and Cassia with the seeds ten Fenugreek and Lineseed each half an ounce Mallows and Chamomil flowers each a pugil boyl them in Goats Milk dissolve the white of an Egg and a little Honey and Safron If the Inflammation be not only in the Tongue but in other parts you may anoynt under the Chin at first with repelling Oyls as of Roses after with discussers as Oyl of Chamomil and Lillies If the Inflammation under the Tongue tend to suppuration make Cataplasmes of Marsh-mallow roots Linseed and other meats with Saffron these asswage pain and ripen or boyl them in Milk and wash the Mouth We shall shew the forms of these and such as open Impostums in the treatise of Inflammations of the Jaws If a quinfie be joyned with an Inflammation of the Tongue or follow it there are Medicines In solutions of continuity Pustles The Cure of Pustles Rawness clefts and â—â—â—ers of the Moâ—th and Tongue Rawness Clefts and Ulcers if they come from an internal cause that must first be evacuated If they come from other causes yet if the body be foul or Plethorick the Cure will be sooner done after purging If the cause be malignant that must be first taken away as in the French Pox Leprosie and Scorbute If that cannot be taken away the Ulcers that come from thence can never be cured these first done apply Topicks for Pustles Fissures Rawness and Ulcers In Pustles if there be an Inflammation the Medicines there are proper if they are without Inflammation they break of themselves and leave an Ulcer which must be cured as the Thrush If they continue long and are troublesome apply Leaven to ripen
its flourishing colour And if the loss of blood were great the body would rather grow less then swell Also other Evacuations by which the Spirits are consumed do the same among which too much Venery in Man especially The Distemper of the parts and Vessels ordained for sanguification may produce a Cachexy either simple or mixed with Leucophlegmacy or the Dropsie Ascites by causing the weakness which we mentioned to continue and by hindering the Actions of the parts The first is a cold Distemper which chiefly hinders the Functions and proceeds by over much and long use of cold things from external cold to which the Body hath been exposed from which the constitution is known to be such and in regard there is no Thrist and the body appears colder with all signes of a cold cause But although the hot Distemper of these parts especially of the Liver doth not at the first nor by long continuance produce this cachexy or evil Habit Paleness or swarthy colour but it appears rather in a fresh colour as we see in the faces of Drunkards and brings no great hurt as yet but only a constant Thirst by which this hot and dry Distemper of the Bowels is discerned yet in continuance of time in some sooner some later by weakning the bowels and making them unfit for action the Sanguisication being so hindered the body is thereby discoloured and of evil Habit which is a cachexy And this is turned into a Dropsie which appears first by swelling of the Feat and shortness of Breath after by other signs because by continual heat the bowels grow hard dry and cloven as we shewed in the Dropsie Ascites whose causes are chiefly constant use of hot Wines and Meats or hot Diseases The stoppage of the Liver especially of the porta and hollow Veins may be the cause of a Cachexy or cacochymy because it gives occasion to the production of evil and cholerick Humors especially which we declared in the causes of Feavers to be mixed with the blood in the meseraick Veins by reason the exact separation of them from the blood by the second concoction is hindered if impure blood be sent into the body there is rather a foul then a white colour and it is brown swart green or yellow yet not so yellow as when the Pores that conveigh the choler are obstructed and the choler is not separated from the blood as we shall shew in the causes of the Jaundies by which means the Urine in that is not so watery as in a cachexy but it is somewhat high coloured But if this chollerick filthiness retained by the same Obstruction and sent back into the Meseraiks be not much dispersed through the body there is rather a strange Paleness then a colour in the cachexy also the Urine is more crude and waterish and by reason of the plenty of choler in the Meseraiks there is a loosness rather than binding of the Belly and the Excrements will seem rather chollerick then white contrary to the Jaundies And if from the Obstruction mentioned there follow a weakness of the Liver as it may be from thence or other causes then because the working of the Blood is less there wil be a cachexy of crude blood in which crude Juyce nourishing the Body makes it swell But if the Obstruction be so great that by reason thereof the distribution of the blood whether crude or concocted cannot be made into the hollow Vein or such foul blood is produced that it cannot sufficiently nourish the Body it will decrease as we shall shew how an Atrophy comes either when the distribution of Blood is hindered by a great Obstruction or when the blood is unfit for to nourish The cause of this Obstruction in the Liver is either thick or vicid Chyle made of the like the food when it is fastned to the passages and grows more condensed and stops the parts or as some say crude chyle by reason of heat raised through violent motion or baths used after Meat which gets too soon into the Veins and is there retained til it stop them And this may come also from dryed and burnt Blood as we have observed by looking into the Liver of beasts which hath produced such Obstructions by being hindered and burnt into the ashes in the Vessels The same Observations in Man and Beast have taught us that Obstructions of the Liver may come from a serous or watery Humor For we have found in them that formerly by urine have voided Gravel the same red Gravel to be in the Vessels of the Liver sometimes turned to a brittle stone which being dispersed through the Vessels are like white Coral or Ice-sickles And these came from the Earthiness of the Serum which fixeth it self in the small passages as we have shewed in the Treatise of the Stone in the Kidneys It is generally concluded that these Obstructions come chiefly from Flegm which if it be not bred as other Excrements in the Liver of crude chyle and blood and there laid up it comes from the Stomach and Gutts where it is usually abounding being brought thither by the meseraik Veins with the chylus and there continuing it causeth these Obstructions and the sooner if it be slimy or thin and waterish which will more easily get into the Mouths of the Meseraiks if by long continuance in the Veins it grows thick by the heat of the Liver and so become viscous or slimy Also an a Obstruction in the Spleen may cause a Cachexy and such â—s is cacochymical which declares it self by a filthy colour in which if the evil Juyce get into the Arteries there will be beating of Heart and Arteries and the reason is because when the Spleen is stopt Sanguification is hindered and evil Humors are heaped up in the branches of the Spleen and gate Vein which may from the left side thereof go to the right and so into the Liver and then be distributed with the Blood A crude or cacochymical Cachexy as from other Obstructions so it may rise from the Hardness of these parts or Scirrhus which grows in the substance thereof or other hard Tumor which turns to an Imposthume for then the passages are either partly or totally stopped And this turnes to the Dropsie Ascites if from the Distemper or Hardness the parts be not only stopped but left open And because it is usual so we shall shew the causes of the dropsie Ascites more at large hereafter And in an Atrophy how it cometh as also those hard Tumors of the Liver and Spleen what are the causes of them and in what manner they are how they come either from too much drowth of the Bowels or too thick Juyce which nourisheth them They write that besides these Tumors the spleen may swell from wind but I perceive not how wind can be there to blow it up when it is not hollow It may be when the wind is gathered into the left side and stretcheth either the stomach which is
especially flesh which requires more Nourishment then other parts and being soft is sooner consumed but the harder parts as Bones Grisles Membranes consume not because they are nourished with little and are more firm as we see the bones of dead Men last long This want of Nourishment is from divers Causes and first because it is not bred or it is unprofitable or it is hindered When the Bloood is not sufficient then because the Juyce nourishing the parts faileth and the fat continually decaying is not renewed by the like the body consumeth this is from want of Chyle in the first concoction when sound men have too little Food or sick men too little Appetitâ— which causeth decay as well as the Disease And this may come from other Diseases of the Stomach as want of concoction when there is little or imperfect chyle as in the Tympany those parts which are not consumed The body is extenuated from the want of a second concoction when the blood is not made this causeth an Atrophy this is from the fault of the Liver or Spleen as weakness c. When a Cachexy or Leucophlegmacy from their actions diminished or from their actions lost so that there is little or no blood also other Diseases of the Liver or Spleen breeding a Dropsie Ascites may cause an Atrophy therewith where the parts above not swollen like Feet and Belly are consumed these are described in the cause of the Dropsie The blood is unprofitable and unfit to nourish if it be foul not crude which causeth cachexy and Leucophlegmacy but impure then it breeds Leanness or Atrophy which is joyned with Cacochymy and if it be watery it gets the Atrophy with the Dropsie Ascites this is from the first concoction which is not mended in the second or in the third as we shewed When the blood is stopped from a part it hath an Atrophy The want of Nourishment from â—â—ood hindered is the cause of the Atrophy of a Part. this comes from an outward cause for the internal from want of blood would cause Leanness of the whole body The blood is hindered from distribution by the Veins stopped and pressed by the Dislocation of some Joynt as the Hip from which follows often an Atrophy of the Legs and sometimes Numness if the Nerves be pressed with the Veins Also when Members are too long bound or if the Veins are straightned by a Callus Tumor Node or Wenne about the Joynts or cut off especially if the great Veins or many be so cut off for the lesser Veins and few being cut there are others to nourish the part And if the great Arteries be cut off there will be Mortification rather then Consumption For the want of Substance making Juyce and of Natural Heat The want of substance making Juyce is the cause of Consumption or Tabes the Body consumes and that somtimes through age for as the body grows thereby being young and flourisheth thereby in middle age so in old age as that decayes the Body consumeth through the driness of the parts also which comes by their Temperament whereby they are withered The same may come from Labour Care and Diseases being vehement and persevering whereby the radical moisture and Natural Heat is consumed and weakned as in old Age so before by Labour and Cares and Diseases Men become sooner weak and lean and so continue all their lives except the Natural Heat be not so weakned but it may be repaired And then though they be very lean yet if they leave off Labour and Care and grow sound they will recover their former Vigor It happens through the change of the Constitution into a more hot and dry temper The change of the Constitution into hot and dry is the cause of Marasmus when all the parts are of a like temper that the Body doth not increase in young Men and in the aged it decreaseth and groweth dry and withered As in a Hectick Feaver coming from the heat of another Feaver which changed temper of the Heart making it too hot and dry the Body consumes of a Marasmus as we shewed in Hectick Feavers And though it is by degrees in this kind of Hectick yet is it of a sudden in Colliquation or melting and it follows a burning Feaver the extream Heat whereof did not onely turn the temper of the Heart into hot and dry but melted the substance whereby the whol body became dry and consumed As I shewed in the melting Feaver This is not only in simple Hecticks but in such as are joyned with a Distemâ—er of the Lungs The Ptysick is caused by the change of the Constitution into hot and dry and a Hectick Feaver so that the Body consumes as in a Hectick and this is called Phthisis Ptysick because the Lungs distempered are the cause of it This Consumption rising from a filth and Rottenness of the Lungs doth continually disturb the Heart adjoyning by Heat and makes it and the whol body hot and dry which causeth a Hectick Feaver as other Hecticks come from other Feavers as we shewed in Feavers The first Cause of this Rottenness of the Lungs and the Hectick that comes from thence and the Consumption that follows that is the Ulceration of the Lungs till they rot so that the Lungs are in part or all one side turned into matter and the Vessels of the Heart which are joyning to the Lungs are lost on that side and as it were cut off about the Heart and a Callus at the Root And this Corruption hath been so great that the Mediastinum that divides the Lungs and the Pericardium or Case for the Heart have been infected thereby These things being thus the matter which breeds in the Ulcer of the Lungs Matter in the Breast is the Cause of Empyema is not only spet out as it falls upon the Branches of the rough Artery but at length when the substance of the Lungs is divided by corruption it fals into the Cavity of the Breast and there being heaped up it causeth the-Disease called Empyema This appears to come from the Ulcer by Anatomy for when there is corruption of the Lungs you shall alwaies find some matter in the Breast As also in regard that matter coming from the Suppuration of the Membrane that compasseth the Breast fals seldom into the same for it will rather fal out of it as was shewed in the Pleurisie But an Impostum growing to the Membranes or to the outward Tunicle of the Lungs being broken by other Causes then Inflammation may send its matter into the Breast or matter may flow there 〈…〉 as they say may be from an Angina suppurated or Squinsie or from a Defluxion of Flegm into the Breast But in regard there is no passage from the Neck into the Breast and if they should get into the rough Artery except they were coughed up they will rather fall into the Lungs then the Cavity of the Breast this is not probable
also if it come from a hurt in the Reins with these medicines following We revel or pluck back the blood when it flows too much by blood-letting and cupping in the extream parts but if the Loins be cupped the blood would be drawn thither from the great Veins If the Flux come from the blood being watery or unclean it must be cleansed with gentle purgers that astringe as we shewed in all other Haemorragies We stop the Flux with things that thicken the blood and stop the passages with some things that stupesie the sense as follow Pouders are given with Sugar of Roses or an Eg or steeled Milk or Sheeps milk or old red Wine Syrup of dryed Roses Myrtles or convenient Waters These are proper pouder of Horstayl Yarrow Comfrey roots Snakeweed five leaved Grass Myrtle seeds Date-stones Maudlin according to Dioscorides wild Cummin seed Bole or sealed Earth Blood-stone red Coral which dissolves the clotted blood Amber burnt Ivory Gum Traganth Arabick Acacia and the like The troches also of Amber Winter-cherries of Gordonius and such as bind mentioned in the Ulcers of the Reins that allay the heat of the urin Waters Juyces and Decoctions of Plantane Purslane Yarrow Shepheards-purse Sumach Quinces and the like Also Narcoticks as Philonium Persicum as in other Fluxes and other Troches with Opium And with Henbane seeds as in Spitting of Blood Anoint the Reins with this Take Bole or other glutinating Earth half an ounce Rinds of Pomegranates or Galls two drams Dragons blood Allum each one dram with Oyl of Myrtles the White of an Egg and a little Vinegar make an Oyntment or Plaister Juyce of Plantane instead of the Oyl is better Mix Juyce of Purslane with Barley-flower and apply it to the Reins If Pissing of Blood come from taking of Cantharides or Spanish flies The Cure of pissing blood from taking of Spanish Fliks we give things which allay the heat of urin by which the mouths of the emulgent Vessels are opened and this Flux is raised chiefly the Decoction of Line-seed and steeled Milk Emulsions of the great cold Seeds white Poppy seeds and sweet Almonds Also Oyl of Almonds Roses whites of Eggs and Mucilage of Fleabane seed And if it continue other remedies mentioned If Pissing of Blood come from a hurt of the bladder The Cure of pissing of blood from hurt of the bladder in regard much blood cannot flow from so few veins you must apply remedies to the hurt or wound both at the mouth and by Injections And if it continue use the remedies mentioned and the Oyntments to the bladder If clotted blood stop the bladder we give things to dissolve it as Amber Kids Runnet and the like mentioned in want of Pissing from clotted blood chiefly Savory dissolves blood in the bladder And if you put the Yard into a hollow Raddish the clotted blood will come forth When the Urin comes forth at a Wound as when you cut for the stone The Cure of preternatural pissing from a Wound there is no way but to cure the wound When a wound pierceth the lower parts of the belly and bladder and the urin comes forth cure only the wound but if it be incurable as usually it is the urin will pass that way till death neither will the ulcer grow together As we shewed in the Cutting of a fleshy Rupture when the bladder was divided so that the wound turned into a Fistula and the Patient pissed through it without other inconvenience because the urin fell not into the belly but came forth Somtimes as in him that was gored with an Ox through the belly and bladder when the wound is cured the urin turns to its proper passage which we suppose was done because the wound was in the fleshy part of the bladder which will grow together and be healed otherwise in the membranous part it will not except the wound be near to some flesh which is pierced unto which the membrane may grow so that the hole in the bladder may be covered with a Callus and the urin return to its Natural passage CHAP. XI Of Dejection or going to Stool The Kinds DEjection is commonly that Excretion which is by the Belly by which the Excrements thick and thin are voided with divers Humors This is preternatural when the Excrements voided are too many and is called Diarrhaea Preternatural Dejection Or when other humors are mixed with the excrements or raw flesh in the Lientery Or the Chyle in the Coeliack passion mentioned or blood in the bloody flux or matter or fat mentioned in the unctious Dejection And if things are voided as worms and other things taken we shall mention them in a Chapter by themselves Also that is a preternatural Excretion of the belly when the excrements pass the wrong way Of which we shall speak in order Diarrhaea is a Flux of the Belly Diarrhaea or Flux of the belly over purging if it come after the taking of a purge it is called an over-purging this is a preternatural immoderate and often going to stool when the dung and other excrements and humors are voided often more or less These are first thick then thin and watery of divers colours ash-coloured clay-like yellow black equally or unequally tinctured many times mixed with white thick clammy flegm This excrement is somtimes waterish frothy clammy clear and white like Froggs spawn somtimes thick like melted glass as we have seen after a stool without evil scent Somtimes frothy Flegm is voided in abundance The Flux of the Brain and then it is called the Flux of the Brain from whence it comes somtimes it is yellow cholerick and froathy somtimes black and thick These because they are voided thick and but few rather cause a needing or Tenesmus then a Dirrhaea Of which we shall speak which continually molesteth without voiding much and with great difficulty In Dirrhaea's there are somtimes pains of the belly greater and less with stretching and rumbling especially at first Somtimes there is a heat in the Fundament and desire to void often especially in Tenesmus Somtimes there is pain of the stomach or heart as they say with vomiting yet not so violent as in the Disease Choler mentioned in Vomiting by which the meat chyle slime flegm or choler in the stomach is vomited up somtimes other natural faculties are hurt and there is a Feaver Lientery is a preternatural Dejection of the belly Lientery in which the meat eaten is little changed but comes forth with other excrements in a Flux not so great as a Diarrhaea Somtimes with noise of the stomach and belly and hurt of Natural Functions The Coeliack passion is that preternatural Excretion of the Belly Caeliack passion whether it be more or less in which the Juyce made of the meat eaten or the Chyle impersectly concocted or crude and moist of an Ash or Clay-colour thick and whitish somtimes more or less pure is sent forth And the Patient
continually voided Matter voided by stool and also without pain Which must come from a great ulcer that is foul because there is so much and from a part that is insensible and of no great Functions because he dieth not suddenly but consumeth by degrees This hath been in the mesentery which is an ignoble part and sent by the veins into the guts as appears by Anatomy If it should come from farther parts as liver or spleen it may be brought by the meseraicks and then there will be great symptoms as the Dropsie by reason of the ulcers there If it cannot come from the breast or head because the matter may not be brought for want of passage though divers have been invented And if any should pass it would be very little and it must pass through the hollow vein into the branches of the gate-vein which would rather then pass the emulgents to the reins and bladder As I shewed in their places When the Chyle slips through the guts it is called the Coeliack passion The Chyle is the Cause of the Coeliack passion and by reason of the distribution thereof hindered it is not carried into the meseraicks but gathered into the guts in great quantity corrupted or mixed with sharp humors and so cast down by stool as it is in quantity and colour or mixed with other humors This want of distribution comes either from the weakness of the bowels ordained to sanguifie which cannot attract the Juyce or from the obstruction of the passages or meseraicks Also Chyle made of moist and fat meats doth sooner pass through Much fat in the excrements causeth greasie Dejections and slipperiness of guts and excrements but doth not enlarge them This comes from eating Fat Fat Meats and Drinks the cause of fat stools Oyl Butter that come forth without concoction as we shewed in a Lientery And they which teach that fat may be voided by reason of the melting and colliquation of the Fat of the Guts being perswaded that the guts are fat within and that that Fat may be dissolved or shaked off were perswaded thereunto because Fat may be carried from the mesentery or cawle by the fat membranes that are joyned to the guts which if it should be it must first be melted that it may pass the meseraicks which being hard to be done it is not probable that either that Fat or other that is more remote should pass Because there cannot be actual heat enough within to melt it neither doth the heat of the heart melt the Fat which is about it Therefore as we shewed in the Hectick Feaver it cannot pass by urin so can it not pass here by stool As we shewed concerning Matter We shewed how blood may cause a flux from the corrosion and ulceration of the guts that flows pure with the excrements in a Dysentery or in the Haemorrhoids or clotted And how being mixed with serum it may cause the Liver-flux And we shewed how Meat might pass not changed in a Lientery The Cure First I shall begin with those Dejections or Purgings that are most difficult that is the Desentery then Tenesmus then Diarrhaea then Lientery Liver-flux Coeliack or Chyle passion and purulent Dejections and voiding of sat by stool A Dysentery is a dangerous Disease that destroys Infants young and old The cure of a Dysentery and especially when the Guts are hurt which is known by the plenty of Blood and fleshy Fibres and Matter voided with griping of the Belly And if there be an Inflammation there is a Feaver and Convulsion And it is worst when yellow or yolk-like Choler or green like Verdegreece or black is voided Also if the strength suddenly sail And Hiccup following are deadly It is very obstinate if it be constant or if when blood is stopped there be a Lientery or Diarrhaea or stinking Excrements All these fore shew death which follows within a week two or three If a Dysentery be a symptom of a continual malignant or pestilential Feaver or epidemical it kills many Somtimes it ends in a filthy ulcer and then when the Dysentery is past they have long after a purulent Dejection which consumeth and killeth The Cure is by taking away the Cause whether it be Choler or other evil Humors or corroding Medicines or Poyson By Evacuations and Cleansers and by abating the violence of the Lenitives Stupefactives and Antidotes if the Humor be venemous and with Coolers if there be Inflammation Then we must cure the Disease which is an Excoriation or Ulceration with Dryers As we shewed in Ulcers with Astringents that dry and stop the Flux as followeth Among evacuating Remedies Purges are best to take away the Griping venemous Humors of what kinds soever And these are of the best Operation when the Cause lyes deep in the small Guts unto which Clysters cannot reach And when they are given at first before great hurt be done and often if need require You must make choyce of such Purgers as have an astringent quality to prevent too much Evacuation from the Disease and Medicine And Rhubarb is the best first torrified to make it more astringent And then it will be better poudered but if it be over dryed it is of no force Give it at first while strength lasts for if you give it after it requires more torrifying or parching The dose is from half a dram to four scruples or five with red Wine Rose-water Plantane Dock or Sorrel-water or the like with Juyce of Quinces Plantane or the Syrups of the same or of dryed Roses or Myrtles one ounce or two drams of Acacia And if you also dry up the Ulcer use pouder of burnt Harts horn seed of Roses and Plantane and other drying Pouders to be mentioned To Rhubarb we add yellow Myrobalans because these purge and bind after twice as much because they are weaker Also the Syrup of Roses solutive or of red Roses which bindeth more made with the Infusion of Rhubarb one ounce or one ounce and an half In the beginning of a Dysentery the purging Extract of Quinces given four or five spoonfuls is good it is thus made Take two or three ripe Quinces paired and sliced the Seeds taken out put them in a glassed Vessels well stopped and put it in another Vessel of boyling Water four or five hours keeping the Water from boyling into it Then pour off the Juyce which I call purging Extract gentle and keep it for use Of all these you may make this Potion adding things that heal the Ulcer Take Liquorish one ounce and an half Plantane and Roses each one pugil Raisons one ounce Tamarinds six drams yellow Myrobalans infused in Wine three drams boyl them in Hydromel when it is strained insuse Rhubarb one dram Spike half a scruple strain it and add Syrup of Quinces or red Roses dryed one ounce When the Flux is more slimy cholerick or the Excrements many and not so bloody give Tryphera Persica or Sarasenica Nicolai two
shewed in the Sunocation of the Womb. You must put into the womb things that relax and make it slippery and that provoke excretion Of loosning things this Decoction is best Take Marsh-mallow roots one ounce Linseed and Fenugreek of each half an ounce Savin three drams Boyl and strain and add one ounce of common Oyl or Butter or use Oyl of Chamomil or of sweet Almonds by injection or Oyl wherein Fenugreek hath been boyled with Oyl of Flower-de-luce or Cream Or thrust greasie wool into the Womb dipt in Butter Honey Mucilage of Lin-seed and Goos-grease with a little Saffron Also dip wool or Spunge in juyce of Leeks Saffron and Myrrh Or thus Take Galbanum Opopanax dissolved in Vinegar each three drams Myrrh two drams Saffron half a dram with Oyl of Orris make a Pessary If the Child be dead use juyce of Peny-royal lesser Centory Leeks Mercury Or a Pessary of Dittany root or of Madder or Briony green and anonyted with Oyl Or Take Mercury bruised with Parsley as much as will make a Pessary Nigella seeds and Sowbread roots each one dram fil a little bag therewith A stronger Take Agarick two drams Birthwort and Asarum roots each one dram Coloquintida which openeth the Veins very much one scruple Myrrh three drams juyce of Mercury boyled with Honey to a Syrup make Pessaries in Bags We inject things to suppurate the Secundine if it come away that it may come forth like matter and this may be done without hurt to the Womb for Nature separates the corrupt parts from the sound of her self Thus. Take Starch one ounce dissolve it in the Decoction of Mallows and Lin-seed adding two yolks of Eggs and Turpentine dissolved two drams inject often adding Honey also to clense Basilicon dissolved in Milk or Common Oyl is an ordinary ripener Also Aegyptiacum when we know the Secundine is rotten by the matter that comes forth is good with Lie to clense and cause nature to expel it Suppositories help by loosening the belly And pricking nature to increase the Throws because they are neer the Womb especially Clysters they work better than any outward applications Baths are to be used often in the last month to loosen the passages when a Woman is used to have hard Travail made of Wormwood-water or the Decoction of Loosners and let the belly be anoynted with Grease Butter or Oyl If shee sit in such a Bath in the time of her Travail or foment the Privities therewith it will dilate and help If we desire chiefly to loosen make it thus Take Lillies Briony roots green each half a pound Marsh-mallows Mallows Pellitory Coleworts each one handful Linseed and Faenugreek each half an ounce Chamaemel and Melilot each one pugil boyl them for a Bath to sit in or a Fomentation Or take one pint thereof and with Honey juyce of Mercury Hiera make a Clyster If we wil urge forth the Child or Secundine Take fresh roots of Briony half a pound of Dittany and Birthwort each two ounces Pennyroyal Savin Rue Mugwort each one handful Lupines Bay and Juniper berries bruised each two ounces Lavender flowers three pugils boyl them in Water add Wine let it be used as the former Or make a Clyster therewith as the former Clyster It is good to bring forth the Secundine if you dip a Cloth in the Decoction of Birthwort Pennyroyal Savory made in Wine and apply it to the belly If you use no Baths wash the Legs and the Thighes with the former Anoynt after bathing the lower part of the belly and the Privities and the Loyns and Rump A loosning Liniment Take Oyl of Lillies Wall-flowers Dil Butter Goose and Hens grease Mucilage of Lineseed and Faenugreek each one ounce with Saffron half a dram The Resumptive Oyntment wil do the same Provoke the Child with this Take Oyl of Wall-flowers and Rue each two ounces Juyce of Savin and Mugwort each one ounce and an half juyce of Leeks half an ounce boyl them till the Juyces are consumed add Myrrh and Gabanum dissolved in Vinegar each half an ounce liquid Storax one dram roots of Asarum Birthwort Sowbread each one dram Cinamon half a dram Saffron one scruple with Wax make an Oyntment Emplasters work stronger applied to the Navel and Share This is best Green Leeks and Polipody each half an ounce Birthwort one ounce Mugwort Coleworts Organ Tansie Savory Orris leaves each one handful stamp them with one ounce of meal of Lupines apply it like a Cataplasm and renew it when it is dry Also Cupping-Glasses Frictions Ligatures to the Thighs and Feet draw down and hasten the Birth The Vulgar commend Amulets in difficult Travail which though they have no strength yet because they encourage the woman may help A Snakes Skin about her middle is most commended And Saffron about her neck And a Load-stone in her hand Also the Eagle-stone bound to the Thigh or soal of the Foot VVe shall not mention superstitious words and looks and the giving of some things to be chewed by the Husband before they be applied CHAP. X. Of the Defect of Vital Motion The Kinds WE call that Operation by which all the parts of the Body live the Vital motion or Life The Defect of which we cal also the defect of strength and is known in parts that are moved not only in respect of a voluntary motion but when all the Functions Vital and Natural are taken away or diminished in parts movable and immovable This is either general to the whol Body or special to some parts VVe perceive the want of strength in the whol body not only by the want of all the Functions mentioned but by the remission of the motion of the Heart and Arteries which is either weak or ceaseth wholly If the strength fail in general and the motions mentioned are slower General weakness it is called a general weakness which is greater or less sometimes natural from the birth somtimes going before Diseases or in the beginning or end of them In this the whol body acteth dully and with difficulty not as in Impotency of motion when the Members are palsied or their actions hindered but when the Members are faint and bruised more or less as the weakness is Then is the pulse or beating of the Arreries diminished And either the Artery is not so dilated as it ought to be which is called the little pulse Or when it is pressed it presently stoppeth and the pulse is less which is called a faint pulse Or the Artery extended slowly and it is called a slow pulse Or it beats at a great distance and is called a rare pulse Or it stoppeth one or two or more stroaks and is called an intermitting pulse Or it is obscure of two or three sorts of which there are many kinds as the pulse like a Mouse-tail Grasshopper or Worm called Miurus Formicans Vermicularis Likewise the motion of the Heart is weak and then the pulse is remiss slow and Dul. Physitians mention