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A01446 The historie of life and death With observations naturall and experimentall for the prolonging of life. Written by the Right Honorable Francis Lord Verulam, Viscount S. Alban.; Historia vitae et mortis. English Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626.; Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626. Instauratio magna. 1638 (1638) STC 1157; ESTC S100504 65,663 335

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and a mysterious Vnion of a flaming and aiery nature CANON 5. THe particular parts have naturall proper Actions excited and quickned by the vitall Spirit The Explication THe several parts have severall Actions and Functions as Attraction Retention Digestion Assimulation Sepration Ejection and Sensibility suteable to the proper Organs in the Stomack Liver Heart Spleene Gal Braine Eyes 〈◊〉 and the rest and their 〈◊〉 are actuated by the vigour and presence of the vitall spirits and by the heate thereof as Iron drawes Iron beeing touched by a Loadstone and an Egge brings a Chickin beeing actuated by the Cocks treading the Hen. CAN. 6. MOrtuall dead spirits are consubstantiall or like in substance to Ayre but the vital spirits are more like a flame The Explication THe explication of the former fourth Canon declares the meaning of this present Canon which sheweth also that fat oyly substances do long retaine their essence being neither consumed much by the 〈◊〉 nor very desirous to 〈◊〉 into Ayre Therefore Flame is not enflamed Ayre for Flame and Ayre 〈◊〉 as Oyle and Water 〈◊〉 and by the Canon that 〈◊〉 the vitall spirits are like 〈◊〉 substance is to be understood that they are more enflaming than the mortuall dead spirits not more flame-like or ayrie CAN. 7. THE Spirits desire to multiply or depart and congregate with their connaturalls or like in substance The Explication BY this Canon the mortual dead spirits are understood for the vitall spirits abhorre 〈◊〉 parting out of the body because they find in a neere 〈◊〉 no connaturalls or like 〈◊〉 sometimes happily flying forth to the 〈◊〉 parts of the Body to 〈◊〉 some desired object 〈◊〉 shunning departure But the mortuall dead spirits desire both for the spirit finding no happy residence in thicke 〈◊〉 nor its like being alone doth create and make another by endeavouring to multiply and increase in quantity And it desireth also to depart and resolve into Ayre for slender thinne substances being alwayes moveable are willingly carryed to their like being neare as a bubble of water is carried to a bubble flame to flame and much more willingly doth the spirit depart into the Ayre beeing not carried to a peece like it selfe but to a whole Globe of connaturall and like substance But the departing and venting of the spirit into Ayre is a two-fold action proceeding from the desire of the spirit and the desire of the Ayre being an indigent needy substance greedily gathering and receiving spirits smells substances sounds and the like CAN. 8. THe detayned spirit having not sufficient matter to beget another spirit doth soften the thicker parts The Explication A New Spirit is generated of a matter somwhat neere 〈◊〉 nature of a Spirit as of 〈◊〉 Therefore if the 〈◊〉 residing in the thicker 〈◊〉 farre different from their Nature cannot convert them 〈◊〉 a spirit yet it softens and enlarges them that it may being not increased in 〈◊〉 have a larger dwelling and live with more friendly companions in Nature Also by this Aphorisme the Bodies hardnesse may bee softned by detayning the spirits CAN. 9. THe softning of the parts of the Body is best wrought when the spirit doth neither depart nor generate The Explication THis Canon dissolves a knotty doubt in softning by detayning the spirits for if the spirit not vented doe devoure inward moysture the softning of the parts doth not advantage their continuing in their essence but rather their dissolution and corruption Therefore the detayned spirits must bee cooled and restrayned lest they bee too active CAN. 10. THE heate of the Spirit to renew and make the Body young must bee strong not vioent The Explication THis Canon also dissolving the aforesaid doubt shews the temper of heate fit to prolong life for howsoever the spirits be detayn'd or not yet their heate should rather soften hard substances than devoure soft softning rather than drying For such heat causeth good Digestion and Assimilasion but this 〈◊〉 must have these properties first slowly not suddainly enflaming secondly not violent but moderate thirdly equall not disordered being sometimes greater sometimes lesser fourthly not languishing nor soone extinguished This Operation is very subtile and profitable being partly explained in the Remedies prescribed for infusing into the Spirits a strong working heate not pradatory or devouring CAN. 11. THE thickning of the Spirits substance doth lengthen life The Explication THis Canon is subordinate to the former for the thicke Spirit is capable of all those foure properties of heate formerly mentioned the manner of thickning is shewed in the first Operation CAN. 12. A Boundance of spirits are more hasty to depart and get forth and more consuming than a small quantity of Spirit The Explication THis Canon is cleare and evident for the bigger the stronger As great flames breaking forth with greater violence consume more suddainly therefore exceeding plenty or excessive swelling of the Spirits doe hinder long Life For Spirits maintaining Life and the Body in good plight are sufficient CAN. 13. THe Spirits equally diffused through the Body is not so hasty to depart nor so devouring as being unequally placed The Explication A Subundance of spirits generally diffused is an enemy to durablenesse so is store of spirits not dispersed Therefore the spirit being more diffused consumes lesse for Dissolution begins in that part where the spirit is loose Therefore Exercise and rubbings doe lengthen life because motion doth very finely blend and mingle CAN. 14. THE disordered motion of spirits makes them hastier to depart and more consuming than a constant equall motion The Explication THis Canon holds in livelesse creatures for inequality is the mother of Dissolution but in living 〈◊〉 whose Consumption and Reparation is considerable Reparation proceeding from Appetite and Appetite being sharpened by variety it is not absolutely but respectively true this variety being rather an alteration than confusion and a constant inconstancy CAN. 15. THE Spirit in the solid frame of the Body is unwillingly detayned The explication DIssolution is generally abhorr'd but more or lesse according to the thicknesse and thinnesse of subtances The thinner bodies being driven into straighter narrower passages For Water will runne through where Dust will not passe and Ayre is more penetrative and piercing than Water and yet their penetration is bounded For the spirit will not passe through exceeding narrow pores thereby to get foorth and depart for the spirit being encompassed with a hard or oyly and clammy body not easily divisible is bound and imprisoned and not desirous to depart Therefore the spirit of Mettalls and Stones will not in an Age depart unlesse they be melred or dissolved with strong Corrosive waters In clammy substances also the spirits are not desirous to depart as in Gummes though with lesse heate dissolved Therfore the hard juyce of the body and the closenesse of the skinne and the like caused by dry nourishment exercise and cold ayre do lengthen life because they keepe the enclosed spirits from departing CAN. 16.
in Age doe signifie long life 45. Astrologicall Observations drawne from the Horoseope or Nativity are not allowable Children comming at eight Moneths are commonly still-borne but Children borne in Winter are long-liv'd 46. A strict Pythagoricall Dyet or Cornarus Dyet of equall proportion are good to make Schollers and Fryars live long But by free eating and drinking and a plentifull Dyet common people live longest A moderate temperate dyet though healthfull is no cause of long life for the strict Dyet doth breed few spirits consuming lesse moysture and the full Dyet yeelds more repairing nourishment but the moderate Dyet affords neither fewer spirits nor more nourishment the meane of good extreames being not so good as of bad extreames With a strict dyet watching must bee used to keepe sleepe from oppressing the spirits being few and also moderate exercise abstinence from Venery But a plentifull Dyet requires much sleepe frequent exercise and seasonable venery Baths and Oyntments formerly used for delight not to prolong life shall bee hereafter in the following Propositions exactly handled But the learned and wise Physitian Celsus held that variety and change of good plentifull dyet was best also watching but longer and oftner sleepe fasting also but more frequent Feasting and businesse sometimes but more often pleasure and recreation were good and healthfull In keeping a good dyet being the greatest lengthner of Life there are different observations I remember 〈◊〉 an old man of above an hundred yeeres of Age produced for a witnesse in a Plea of Prescription having given in evidence and being askt by the Iudges by what meanes hee had lived so long answered By eating before I was hungry and drinking before I was thirsty but this matter shall bee heereafter handled 47. A religious holy Life may cause a long life for retyrednesse rest divine Contemplation spirituall joy noble hope wholesome feare sweet sorrow newnesse of life strict Observations Repentance and Satisfaction doe lengthen the naturall life of a mortified Christian and the austere dyet of such a life hardens the Body and humbles the Spirit so that Paul the Hermite and Simeon the Anchorite and many other Monkes lived thus in the Wildernesse untill they were old 48. Next unto this is the learned life of Philosophers Rhetoricians and Grammarians living in ease and thoughts not appertaining to businesse without griefe delighting in variety impertinences and in a free voluntary expence of time in the pleasant conversation of young men But Philosophies in respect of long life are different for superstitious high contemplative Philosophies as the Pythagoricall and Platonicke and naturall Philosophy Metaphysicks and Morall Philosophy of Heroicall vertues were good studies to prolong life such were the Philosophies of Democritus Philolaus Xenophon Astrologians and Stoicks also sensible Philosophies not profound and speculative but agreeable to common opinion were good studies profest by Carneades and the Accademicks Rhetoricians and Grammarians But difficult subtile Philosophies weighing matters in the Scale of Principles and full of thorney questions were bad studies whereunto the Peripateticks and Scholasticks were devoted 49. The Countrey life busied in imployments abroad being active and keeping a fresh homely dyet without care and envy doth therefore prolong life 50. The Military life is good in youth many excellent Warriers having beene long-liv'd as Corvinus Camillus xenophon Agefilaus and other both ancient and moderne Also the improvement of Vertue by increasing dayly in goodnesse and labouring in youth doth prolong life the remembrance thereof being sweet in age Besides military affections raised with the desire and hope of Victory infuse into the Spirits heate agreeable to long life Medicines for long life MEdicines there are many for preserving Health and and curing Diseases but few to prolong life Therefore those notables Medicines called Cordials shall be here propounded For Cordials taken to fortifie and strengthen the Heart and Spirits against poyson and diseases being with Iudgement used may by all likely hood be as powerfull to prolong life These heere selected and orderly set downe are best 1. Gold is exhibited and used three wayes in potable Gold Gold quenched in Wine or substantiall Gold as Leafe-Gold and powder Gold Potable Gold was given first in dangerous desperate Diseases for an excellent powerful Cordiall receiving the virtuall effect from the spirit of Salt wherein it is dissolved for Gold would bee more soveraigne could it bee without corrosive waters or by Corrosives cleared of their venemous quality dissolved 2. Pearles are taken in loose powder or dissolved in the sharpe juyce of greene Lemmons or in spiced Comfits and drinkes The Pearle and the shell whereunto it cleaves are of one nature and in quality like the shells of River-Crabs 3. Two Christalline precious Stones are chiefe Cordials the Emerald and Iacinth given in the same manner as Pearles but not usually dissolved yet these glasse greene stones are of a sharp operation The benefit and helpe received from these medicinall Species shall be hereafter declared 4. Bezars Stone is of approoved vertue recreating the spirits and provoking gentle sweat Unicornes Horne is of like esteeme with the Harts Horne and the Bone of the Harts heart Ivory and the like 5. Amber-Grise is very good to comfort and refresh the spirits These Drugges following are of approved vertue Hot. Saffron The Indian Leafe Wood of Aloes Citron Barke Baulme-Mint Graines Avens or Sanamund Orange Flowers Rosemary Mint Betony Blessed Thistle Cold. Nitre Roses Violets Strawberry bush Strawberries Syrrop of Lemmons Syrrop of Oranges Juice of Apples Borrage Buglosse Burnet Sanders Camphire Prescriptions for Dyet being here onely delivered hot waters and Chymicall Oyles by Chymists sayd to be under the Planet of Mars having a destructive furious operation and also hot biting Spices are to bee rejected and waters must bee made more temperate lively and fragrant than Phlegmatick Distillations or hot Extractions of the spirit of Wine 6. Often letting blood having beene formerly much used and all Observations falling out fit and convenient is good to prolong life the old moysture of the body being thereby evacuated and emptied and new introduced and bred 7. Consumptious also and sicknesses procuring leanenesse being well cured doe lengthen life the Body being thereby supply'd with new moysture after the consumption of the old Therefore it is sayd that to grow healthfull after such a Sicknesse is to grow youthfull therefore the procuring of sicknesse by Artificiall Dayets shall be hereafter declared Intentions INquiry having beene made concerning livelesse bodies Vegetables living creatures and Man a new search by true and proper Intentions resembling the paths of mortall life shall be made and more effectuall than all former contemplations of comforting naturall heate and Radicall moysture or of meates breeding good Blood neither hot nor Phlegmaticke and of refreshing and recreating the spirits or of Medicines of Gold being of all mettals least subject to corruption and of precious Stones recreating the spirits by their hidden qualities